System on Module Software user Guide - Linux
Contents
1. Searching for BSP components with category driver element Searching for BSP components with category software package element amp Added operating system component spl 1 0 Generated file home shan software spl bsp settings bsp O Initializing BSP components Finished initializing BSP components Total time taken 2 seconds Searching for BSP components with category os software element Generate Exit The following link provides more details on the Preloader generation process http www rocketboards org foswiki Documentation GSRD131Preloader 3 2 1 U Boot file compilation process The following paragraph describes how to generate U boot for both SD eMMC and QSPI Flash U boot compilation steps for SD_CARD The following steps describe how to configure and build U boot for SD card usage Download the sources file from the Shiratech web site and un compress SD card source files using the following command tar jxvf uboot socfpga sdcard tar bz2 The extracted files will be located in folder uboot socfpga_sdcard Run the following steps to generate a new U boot file cd uboot socfpga_sdcard make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf distclean make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf socfpga cyclone5 config make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf The result of this operation is a new U Boot binary u boot img created in the same dir2. of the SoC its power and clock related information the pin configuration details and the interfaces that are to be initialized along with their corresponding resources Root File system Contains basic user space initialization and applications which are executed on the target using the OS kernel services The Linux SW can be located in a QSPI flash in an SD card or the internal eMMC device The following sections will describe how the boot loader and u boot can be downloaded to the board and then subsequently how the Linux kernel can be loaded onto memory using the different options 4 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH 2 2 SD card eMMC format and structure If an SD eMMC device is used for software storage it should be divided to three partitions e A dedicated raw partition Type A2 for Boot U boot e A FAT partition for Kernel and device tree o Note For programming the FPGA by the U boot the FPGA programing file should be located in the FAT partition as well along with the relevant scripts for downloading it to the FPGA e An EXT 3 4 partition for Linux file system Additional partitions can be used for backup and user data address The following link provides more details on how to create the required partitions http www rocketboards org foswiki Documentation GSRD131SdCard Note The internal eMMC requires the same partitions as the SD card 5 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH 2
3. using regular format commands the eMMC can be format then the various partitions can be mounted and upgraded If the SPI Flash is used only for boot then the eMMC can be formatted using memory boot booting from DDR memory approach see paragraph 4 2 2 for more details Note For format and download the eMMC from QSPI BSEL should be set to the following configuration e BSELO should be set to eMMC connect pins 2 and 3 on the CB 50 e BSEL 1 boot source should be set to QSPI connect pins 1 and 2 on the CB 50 14 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH 4 2 2 Via SD card Since the SD and eMMC share the same bus the process to format and boot upgrade is a more complex The concept for that process is as follows e The system boots up from SD e From the boot menu a file system is downloaded to the DDR memory using TFTP e The SDIO bus is set to eMMC either manually or by software the SD card is disconnected e The system reboot from DDR memory e Using Linux commands scripts the eMMC is formatted and SW is downloaded to it from a USB dongle or via TFTP Detailed description To format and download the eMMC device from an external SD card the following process should be done On the CB 50 e The CB 50 should be connected to the network using the Ethernet port e The boot selection pins should be set to o BSELO should be set to SD connect pins 1 and 2 on the CB 50 o BSEL 1 boot source should be set to SD eMMC connect pi
4. 3 QSPI Flash format and structure If QSPI flash memory is used the following partitions are required 0x2000000 Partition 2 0x1800000 8MB ot Filesyste Partition 1 0x0800000 16MB Linux zimage 0x00a0000 0x0060000 Partition 40 8MB 0x0050000 0x0000000 For more details see the following link http www rocketboards org foswiki Documentation GSRD131QspiBoot 2 4 Supported Linux version The version delivered by Shiratech is based on the following e Linux Kernel version 3 9 0 e The fs version is Linux Linaro file system with Ubuntu version 13 0 6 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH 3 SW version creation and modification This section describes how to compile the various SW parts 3 1 Setting Cross Compilation Environment Before starting with the Linux compilation steps it is required to setup the cross compiler environment on Linux host system To install and setup the tool chain perform the following steps S wget https launchpad net linaro toolchain binaries trunk 2012 11 download gcec linaro arm linux gnueabihf 4 7 2012 11 20121123 linux tar bz2 tar xjf gec linaro arm linux gnueabihf 4 7 2012 11 20121123 linux tar bz2 export CROSS COMPILE gcc linaro arm linux gnueabihf 4 7 2012 11 20121123 linux bin arm linux gnueabihf Quartus version 13 0 or newer is required along with Altera Embedded Design Suite 13 0 version or later S
5. CPSHIRATECH Spark 100 System on Module Software user Guide Linux Revision 1 0 1 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 1 2 COPSHIRATECH OVE EN urene fee eeE 4 LINUX SW OVERVIEW suvenirer eselet 4 2 1 LINUX de EE A 2 2 SD card eMMC format and structure 5 2 3 QSPI Flash format and Structure cc eesseceeeeeeeneeeeseeceeneeeeeeeeeaaeeeeaaeseseeecsaeeseaaeeeeaeeeeaeestaaeeeeaaeeneaees 6 2 4 Supported LINUX VELSION EE 6 SW version creation and modification 20 0 eee eeeeeceteceeneeceeeeeceeeeeeaaeeeeaeeceeeeeseaeeeeaaeseeaeeseaeeeesaeeneaaeeeeeees 7 3 1 Setting Cross Compilation Environment 7 3 2 Preloader and U boot compilation Steps cccccccsscssssscecececessessaeceeeescessesneaeeeeeesseeseeeeaeeeeseseeeeees 7 3 2 1 U Boot file Compilation prorcess 8 3 3 Kernel Compilation procedure c cccccccsssssssscecececesseseaeeeceeecsesesaaeseeeeeceseceaaeeeseesseesesaaaeeeeeeeeeseegs 9 3 4 File system compilation and installation 10 3 4 1 File system for SD EMMC ccccsccecssecesseecssecccsseceeseecssseccsaececssecessecceaseecsaeceeseecnseeceaeeseaeeesees 10 3 4 2 File system for QSPI Flash memon 10 3 5 Cross Compiling rotes geaeggee eege atees eatin as dreide 10 Ale UE E 12 4 1 Prep ring DA o E eder E snek Seksten die 13 4 2 eMMC device SW download 14 42 1 Via QSPIMaShanosesma stv E sd eveeccuvesteaeleveuveesesteavelessusaesest aveiesteeseseit avees 14 4 2 2 TE DE ME 15 43 e hun Ee E
6. OC EDS 13 0 as well for generating boot loader code for the Altera SOC based board 3 2 Preloader and U boot compilation steps The following paragraph describes the creation procedure for the following components e Preloader e U boot Altera provides Preloader generator tool called BSP editor which enables the generation of the initial boot code for the Altera SOC This tool generates the boot code based on user configuration The tool is part of the Altera SOC EDS tool 1 Open the BSP editor by entering the following command in the host system terminal bsp editor 2 The bsp editor GUI opens up 3 Selected the required option either BOOT_FROM_QSPI or BOOT_FROM_SDMMC Press Generate Button and exit 7 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CODSHIRATECH BSP Editor home shan software spl_bsp settings bsp File Help Main SOPC Information CPU name Operating system Preloader BSP target directory o Settings Common spl PRELOADER TGZ CROSS COMPILE boot BOOT FROM QSPI BOOT FROM SDMMC BOOT FROM RAM QSPI NEXT BOOT IMAGE spl Version default v CROSS COMPILE arm none eabi PRELOADER TGZ ader uboot socfpga tar ga spl boot BOOT_FROM_QSPI BOOT_FROM_RAM SDMMC_NEXT_BOOT_IMAGE Advanced sl BOOT_FROM_SDMMC QSPI NEXT BOOT IMAGE 0x60000 Information Processing Problems
7. Spark The tool chain to be used will be same as mentioned in the section 3 1 The path of the tool chain should be added to the host system environment as default path Ex export PATH SPATH usr opt arm linux arm linux gnueabihf bin Assuming that the sample program to be compiled is source c then user can compile the code with the following command arm linux gnueabihf source c o source output static The result will be a binary named source_output The binary needs to be downloaded to the target board using one of the following options 1 Using network utilities like FTP 2 Using USB memory device For example using tftp the file can be transferred to the target file system using tftp g r source output target ip 10 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH The execution permission to source_output should be ensured to the binary file using chmod x source output With this the file can be executed on the target source output 11 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH 4 SW installation The Spark can run software from one of the following storage devices see block diagram below An external SD card An internal eMMC QSPI NOR Flash memory EEPROM Authentication D 0 3 Ctrl D 0 3 Ctrl MUX TXS02612 D 0 3 Ctrl Module Carrier uSD Card Spark 100 memory devices The selection of the storage to be used for boot is d
8. WE 17 2 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH Document Revision History Revision Date Description 1 0 Initial version 3 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CODSHIRATECH 1 Overview The software user guide includes 3 parts e Section 2 includes a description of the software files required for operating the Spark and their location in the memory e Section 3 describes how to compile the various parts of the software including a C code based application program and how to execute it on the SPARK board e Section 4 includes an explanation on how to download the SW to the Spark and how to perform software upgrade 2 Linux SW overview 2 1 Linux overview Linux firmware required for operating the SPARK 100 consists of following parts 1 Boot Program located within the ARM processor it checks if a valid boot code is present in SD card or QSPI FLASH or other the search is done based on the Bsel lines and in case it find it the bootstrap is downloaded it into RAM Preloader The Preloader handles the basic hardware configuration It is generated using the handoff information generated by the Quartus tool U Boot The boot handles the for starting the kernel and can be used for downloading kernel and file system binaries from an external device or from the network Linux kernel the operating system kernel Device tree The Device Tree is a binary file containing the description
9. d scripts socfpga cyclone dtb should be renamed to socfpga dtb for flashing to QSPI Flash device zImage should be renamed to zZlmage_qspi and socfpga cyclone5 dtb to socfpga_qspi dtb and place in the FAT part of the SD card see section 4 2 3 for more details 9 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH 3 4 File system compilation and installation 3 4 1 File system for SD eMMC The file system is available from the Shiratech web site as rootfs tar gz file This file needs to be decompressed and copied to the ext3 partition of the SD card or to the eMMC device User can also download light weight Linaro desktop file system into the eMMC or SD card for that link http www rocketboards org foswiki Projects SoCKitLinaroLinuxDeskto 3 4 2 File system for QSPI Flash memory QSPI Flash has space constraints and hence only minimal file system can be used For creating JFFS2 file system to be loaded in to the QSPI Flash the following steps should be followed tar jxvf rootfs minimal jul 2014 tar bz2 mkfs jffs2 r rootfs home dshiva rootfs e 65536 s 1 p n o rootfs jffs2 This creates a rootfs jffs2 file which needs to be copied with the other QSPI related images onto an SD card for flashing into the QSPI flash device on board 3 5 Cross Compiling C code The following paragraph describes the steps required to cross compile a C source code application and execute it on the
10. ectory 8 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 COPSHIRATECH U boot compilation steps for QSPI version The following steps describe how to configure and build U boot for QSPI version Download the sources file from the Shiratech site and un compress the source files using the following commands tar jxvf uboot socfpga qspi jul7 2014 tar bz2 cd uboot socfpga qspi make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf distclean make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf socfpga cyclone5 config make CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf The result of this operation is a U Boot binary u boot img created in the same directory This image should be renamed to u boot jffs2 bin for flashing to QSPI using SDCARD U Boot scripts for more details see section 4 2 3 3 Kernel compilation procedure For Configuring and generating the kernel files follow the following steps Download the source files from the Shiratech site and un compress the source files using the following commands tar jxvf linux socfpga Julyl4 2014 tar bz2 Configure and compile the kernel using the following commands cd linux socfpga cp vr tonfig socfpga def config contig make ARCH arm CROSS COMPILE arm linux gnueabihf LOADADDR 0x8000 These commands will create zImage in arch arm boot directory and socfpga cyclone dtb in arch arm boot dts directory For loading the files to the QSPI using the provide
11. ipt for configuring the FPGA and FPGA configuration file in Raw Binary Format e sdx2 EXT3 Filesystem Contains the Filesystem After partitioning FAT and EXT3 partitions on SD card you can use the following method to create the 3 rd partition of type Oxa2 S sudo fdisk dev sdx Enter the following options one by one 13 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH n p 3 Type the default value shown 1024K t 3 a2 w VVVVVVVVV This partition should contain the SPL Preloader and U boot images You can download these files using the following commands e Updating SPL Preloader in sdx3 sudo dd if u boot spl img of dev sdx3 bs 64k seek 0 e Updating U boot Image in sdx3 sudo dd if u boot img of dev sdx3 bs 64K seek 4 The SD is now ready to use Note that for booting from SD card on the CB 50 evaluation board e BSELO should be set to SD connect pins 1 and 2 on the CB 50 e BSEL1 boot source should be set to SD eMMC connect pins 2 and 3 on the CB 50 4 2 eMMC device SW download The Spark is equipped with an eMMC device which shares an SDIO bus with an external SD device It means that the internal eMMC and external SD card could not work simultaneously 4 2 1 Via QSPI flash In case the card is equipped with an SPI flash the format and upgrade process can be done via SW running over the QSPI flash There are two possibilities here if the QSPI flash contains file system then from the Linux level
12. ns 1 and 2 on the CB 50 e An SD card with U boot spl and U boot should be inserted On the host PC For the process a PC with an active TFTP server should be provided and the following files should be places in the TFTP server root directory the files can be downloaded from the Shiratech web site ramdisk rar socfpga dtb zimage Perform the following on the CB 50 e Power up the CB 50 e Stop the boot process at the U boot prompt e Set the following environment variables in u boot E socfpga gt setenv ethaddr 12 34 56 78 9a bc a socfpga gt setenv serverip tftp server ip address Ex setenv serverip 10 54 3 197 E socfpga gt setenv ipaddr for board ip 15 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH Ex setenv ipaddr 10 54 3 220 socfpga gt setenv memboot setenv bootargs console ttyS0 115200 ramdisk size 20480 root dev ram0 rw rootfstype ext3 initrd 0x2000000 20M e Seta new environment variable to boot the board through this process socfpga gt setenv ramboot tftp 0x00008000 zImage tftp 0x00000100 socfpga dtb tftp 0x2000000 ramdisk gz run memboot bootz 0x00008000 0x00000100 socfpga gt saveenv e Execute the following for TFTP and boot from RAM socfpga gt run ramboot e Change BTSEL 0 to eMMC connect pins 2 and 3 on the CB 50 now the system will boot up from memory e If the upgrade is done from USB memory dongle do the following steps the script
13. one using the BSEL pins On the CB 50 the Bsel pins can be set using 3 jumpers e BSELO Select SDIO device selects between SD 1 2 and eMMC 2 3 e BSEL1 Selects boot source between QSPI NOR Flash 1 2 and SD eMMC 2 3 e BSEL 2 Unused should be set to 1 2 12 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH He SHIRATECH CB 50 V1 1 BSEL 0 BSEL 1 BSEL 2 SC Ca I Le e P edel gien our gt oa Section 4 1 describes how to make an SD card for the Spark Optionally a disk image for 8GB SD card is also available from the Shiratech site Using Win32 Disk Imager or similar tool an SD card can be produced The following paragraphs describe how to download SW for each of these options 4 1 Preparing an SD card The following procedure describes how to make a bootable SD card For booting from an SD card it should include three partitions Let us assume that SD card is detected as dev sdx in the host system in that case there should three partitions detected in the SD as sdx1 FAT partition sdx2 ext3 sdx3 RAW For Partitioning the SDCARD use a disk utility to create of a 21MB FAT partition can be larger and a Ext3 partition which leaves at least 1MB free to use for the RAW partition A2 These partitions should include the following files in each partition Assuming the device associated with SD card is sdx e sdx1 FAT partition Contains Kernel image Device Tree Binary u boot scr u boot scr
14. oot_jffs2 scr for burning U boot and and U boot spl files Kernel scr for burning kernel files Jffs2 scr for burning file system The scripts are available at the Shiratech web site e Copy the image files for the Flash to the FAT partition with the following names U boot spl_qspi bin for u boot_spl file U boot jffs2 bin for u boot file Socfpga_qspi dtb for dtb file zlmage_qspi for zimage kernel file rootfs jff2 for file system e Plug the SD card to the CB 50 and activate the power From the U boot prompt run the following commands for burning the QSPI NOR flash Flash U Boot SPL and U Boot using socfpga gt run qspiuboot jffs2 Flash kernel images using socfpga gt run qspikernel Flash jffs2 filesystem using socfpga gt run qspijffs2 Note The writing process to the QSPI Flash memory is slow and may take few minutes for Kernel and file system 17 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0
15. s are built for a USB in ext3 format which includes At the root level emmc_format sh script for format of the eMMC device can be downloaded from the Shiratech web site u boot spl img u boot img boot files FAT PARTITION folder with all the relevant files rootfs folder with the file system e When the system boots up run the following commands Scd root e Mount the USB as follows Smount t ext3 dev sdal mnt usb e Run the following script to format the eMMC mnt usb emmc format sh e Mount the eMMC FAT partition and copy the files to it Smount t vfat dev mmcblkOpl mnt fat cp vr mnt usb FAT PARTITION mnt fat e Mount the eMMC ext3 partition and copy the file system to it Smount t ext3 dev mmcblkOp2 mnt ext3 16 Spark 100 SW user manual 1 0 CPSHIRATECH Scp vr mnt usb rootfs mnt ext3 e Updating SPL Preloader to eMMC partition 3 Ssudo dd if mnt usb u boot spl img of dev mmcblkOp3 bs 64k seek 0 e Updating U boot Image to eMMC partition 3 Ssudo dd if mnt usb u boot img of dev mmcblk0p3 bs 64K seek 4 e Now the boot select pins can be changed to boot from eMMC to boot the board through the eMMC device 4 3 QSPI flash SW download The procedure for flashing software to QSPI Flash memory is as follows e Prepare the SDCARD with the SDCARD images and FAT partition size of 256MB e Copy the following scripts to the FAT part of the SD for burning the software to the QSPI flash Ub
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