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E-Sampler 9800 Manual Rev J

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1. Install PM10 or PM2 5 cyclones and TSP inlets For TSP Total Suspended Particulate monitoring the included weatherproof TSP inlet is simply inserted directly onto the top of the E Sampler inlet tube to keep water insects and debris out of the instrument For PM1o or PM2 5 monitoring the optional sharp cut cyclone of the desired cut point must be installed onto the inlet tube under the TSP inlet Lubricate the o rings if necessary Never operate the E Sampler outdoors without at least the TSP inlet in place as the resulting water debris damage is not covered under warranty P3 ra Optional wind sensor If an optional EX 034 wind speed direction sensor is supplied then it will come with a cross arm tube which mounts to the stud on the top of the EX 905 tripod with supplied fittings Install the wind sensor on the end of the cross arm The wind sensor should usually be as far from the E Sampler unit as possible without affecting the tripod balance and the wind vane must be able to rotate fully without hitting anything Plug the wind sensor into the corresponding wind connector on the bottom of the E Sampler The sensor will need to be oriented to the north Consult the separate manual that comes with the 034 wind sensor Internal Battery If the unit is to be used with the optional internal 12V battery connect the included two wire fused battery harness between the battery and the 2 pin connector J4 on the 3620 connector board i
2. Cause Solution Cause Solution entered into the flow calibration it may appear that the flow system is not working Check for insect debris or other obstructions in the small exhaust port on the bottom of the unit It is located in the back right corner Verify the AT and BP sensor function Failed sensors can effect the flow The sample pump itself will eventually wear out and need to be replaced It should last at least a year under normal conditions Check the other possibilities first Make sure that a 47 mm filter holder cartridge is installed correctly even if no filter is used It is required to seal the flow system Check or replace the 47 mm filter cartridge itself Some of these can leak at the interface of the two halves of the assembly Make sure that the inlet is completely blocked with a rubber or vinyl cap during the leak check Using a finger to block the inlet is not sufficient Make sure the inlet tube is fully seated into the top of the optical module especially if you installed the inlet heater assembly yourself You may need to temporarily loosen the weatherproof fitting at the top of the inlet tube to get it seated correctly Make sure the PUMP and PURGE filter holders are tightened fully The E Sampler must be periodically returned to the factory for optical system cleaning The period will depend on your particulate levels Check the PURGE filter and replace it as needed Make sure the manual purge valve ins
3. ccccccccccessccceeesseeeeeeessseeeeeensaes 40 8 2 Contact Closure Alarm Relay Output 0 c ccc cccsssseccccesssseecceessseeeceesssseeecessssseecceessseeeceesenaes 42 8 3 Basic Problem and Cause Solution Table 0 cc ccccccccsescceeseceseseceesseeesseeessseeeseseeesssesessaeeeneas 42 8 4 Suggested Periodic Maintenance Interval 0 cc cc cccecccccccessscccceeesseeceeessseeeceeessseeceeessseeeeeeesaes 44 89 Sample Pump Replacement esiaren ia aia Roehl A shen co emacs 44 8 6 PUMP and PURGE Filt r CHANGES ach sssscadiotetidess tive racsdecsacaaderiedidanestindee a T 46 Sf TSP Inlet and Cyclone Cle ning 33 cucss2cscsesiaseseaes secanpanesearslonseond mucetaseateeencasn R A EAEE E 46 3 0 Factory S rvice MNtervalseesseninsinn a a a 46 8 9 Operational Logic for Self Test and Laser Detector Alarms cccccccccessccceeessseeeceeessseeeeeensaes 47 DATA RETRIEVAL and COMMUNICATIONG cccssssssssccssssssrscssssssscsssssees 50 917 Analog Voltage Outputs scssessdeces horse chock sonata deotewsidenattiwete a a a a a td cestdaa totes 50 9 2 Serial Port Connections tO A COMPUTED ccececcccccccccssssssceecccessssssesecccessessseeeseeeesseeseeeeeees 50 9 3 Modem Options for Remote Data Retrieval iccceccccccccceesssssseescceesesssssseececeseessseeeeeees 50 94 Comet Data Retrieval SOMW are iissa aeaa ain el Aaa aed ae 51 9 5 Downloading Data Using HyperTerminal cc cccccccccccceessssssceeccceceesss
4. Delete all of the unnecessary text rows menu lists download date serial number etc and any empty rows at the top of the file down to the data header row which defines each of the columns of data Do not delete the data header row since you will want it to appear in the spreadsheet There must be no blank spaces or other characters before the data header 3 Scroll to the end of the data and make sure there are no other files terminal menus or empty rows after the last data record If so delete them 4 Save the text file and close it 5 Rename the file extension from txt to csv This will change the file from a text file to a comma separated values data file 6 The csv file can be opened directly with Excel Each data parameter should appear in its own spreadsheet column with the correct data header at the top of each column You can then save the file as a xls spreadsheet file if desired 9 6 AutoMet Data Retrieval Commands Through the Serial Port When a serial connection between the computer terminal program and the E Sampler has been established you will have access to the E Sampler data files by sending the following commands through serial port with keyboard strokes or ASCII characters Note After a few minutes the E Sampler will stop waiting for a command and you will have to send another series of three carriage returns to reestablish the command prompt connection If you send an h characte
5. External Battery Operation The E Sampler can run for extended periods on external batteries The most common type for this application are 12 volt 110 amp hour gel cell or AGM deep cycle batteries The setup will require a 9638 DC battery power cable which plugs into the main power connector on the bottom of the unit The other end connects to the battery terminals The batteries should usually be enclosed in a plastic box on the ground near the E Sampler Note The E Sampler AC power supply cannot be connected to the E Sampler while external batteries or solar kits are connected since these use the same power input connector External batteries have to be manually removed and recharged elsewhere The internal battery if used should be removed from the E Sampler if external batteries are to be used E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 16 Assuming a continuous E Sampler current draw of 1 1 amps a single fully charged 110Ah battery would have the theoretical capacity to run the unit for 100 hours However the general rule is that a lead acid battery should not be discharged by more than 2 3 of its capacity especially in temperatures below 40 degrees F so 110Ah 1 1A 67 about 67 hours of run time per battery worst case However if the inlet heater is not running full time the battery will last much longer Additional run time can be achieved by connecting more batteries in parallel to the first battery Additional batt
6. and leak status must be checked before performing any flow calibrations in order to prevent errors The E Sampler flow rate should be maintained to within 0 1 LPM 1 9 to 2 1 LPM for proper air volume total calculation when used with a 47 mm filter and for proper cut point performance of inlet cyclones The SETPOINT parameter is the target flow rate that the E Sampler will attempt to regulate to The E SAM parameter is the current reading from the E Sampler flow sensor in actual volumetric liters per minute The E Sampler should automatically regulate to the setpoint 2 0 LPM when the flow calibration screen is entered This may take a moment The REF parameter is where you can enter the correct value from your traceable flow meter using the arrow keys The flow reading that you enter must be in actual conditions The E SAM value should change to match the REF value when you press the CALIBRATE soft key The DEFAULT soft key can be pressed to clear out all previous field calibrations and restore the factory calibration for the sensor Use this if difficulty is encountered during the calibration Press ESC to escape without changes Note To audit the E Sampler flow rate without changing the calibration simply compare the E SAM value to your traceable standard and record the results If the CALIBRATE soft key is not pressed then no flow calibrations are affected 7 5 DAC Calibration Analog Output Adjustment The CALIBRATE DAC s
7. ACTIVE when triggered 1 to 60 seconds and how much delay time must pass before the alarm can be reactivated again 1 to 60 minutes 6 6 The RH Control Setup Screen The SETUP gt RH HEATER CONTROL screen is used to set the how the inlet heater is used to control the RH of the sample air stream Use the arrow keys to edit the value then press SAVE INTERNAL RH is the current reading from the sample RH sensor located in the 47 mm filter holder station RH SETPOINT is the threshold at which the E Sampler turns on the inlet heater to limit the RH of the sample air This can be set from 0 to 100 When the sample RH exceeds this setpoint the inlet heater turns on to drive down the humidity through mild 10 watt heating When the RH drops 1 below the setpoint the heater turns off The default setting is 50 which is adequate for most applications If the sample RH levels exceed this level moisture can be absorbed by the particulate and measured as artificial mass This causes errors in the particulate measurement A lower set point such as 45 or 35 may be used to further reduce the potential for sample RH effects although this results in some additional power consumption due to longer heater cycles For minimum power consumption applications the RH SETPOINT can be set to 100 effectively disabling the inlet heater from ever coming on The inlet heater uses the majority of the E Sampler total power 6 7 The SELF TEST Setup Screen Z
8. O P B c Clear AutoMet logger memory File 2 with password od Setdate with password O Z gt 22 O O ae eel 9 7 Advanced Communications Escape Commands The communications escape command set shown in the table below used for advanced data transfer or custom data retrieval software applications Each command and response string must begin with an Escape character 27 0x1B and end with a carriage return 13 OxOD and a line feed character 10 Ox0A An ASCII check sum follows each response X9999 The hardware protocol is RS 232 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit The E Sampler supports five data files The settings file E the Channel Descriptor file 1 the AutoMet data log file 2 the Alarm log file 3 and the Self Test data log file 4 The lowercase x in the following commands specifies one of these five files File modes can be linear L or circular C All files are record based E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 54 Function Command RV E Sampler 3693 01 R1 19 0 Read Model and Version RFI R File Info FCB RFxRnL Read record index RFx R RFxRnC Read data file starting with absolute record index REx Dn RFx Dn or the last n records from the current record dex my RFx D n Then XMODEM file transfer RV RFI Print File Report starting with absolute record PEx n PFx n index or the last n records from the current record index PFx n Then print the report PFS or lt e
9. OR Alarm Log reading lt Y3 screen Range Y3 MG V g 1 0 001 0 002 24 OCT 2008 01 34 19 10 0 008 0 002 ZERO CALIBRATE ERROR oe D No 63 Onna 0 000 Set the Self Test alarm flag RANGE 0 10 MG M3 4 VALUE 00 0000 MG M3 N Take 15 second gt 2 average reading Diff is the Previous average reading minus the current average reading Di NA Range Y4 MG V If retry 10 times Yes OR 1 ogoi 0 0025 Diff lt Y5 l l 10 0 010 0 0025 65 0 050 0 0013 Yes No v al Range Y5 MG V 1 0 001 0 0025 24 OCT 2008 01 34 19 pee Crna tia aeRO Post event to Alarm Log Save new Zero 10 0 010 0 0025 Set the Self Test alarm flag value 65 0 050 0 0013 RANGE 0 10 MG M3 VALUE 00 0000 MG M3 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 47 Range Y6 MG V ab 0 200 0 500 10 2 000 0 500 65 2 000 0 050 Range Y7 MG V 0 005 0 0125 10 0 050 0 0125 65 0 500 0 0125 Turn detector solenoid ON Wait for 30 seconds for reading to settle i Take reading If reading lt Y6 No v Turn detector solenoid OFF Wait for 45 seconds for reading to settle t Take 15 second average reading Yes gt Post event to Alarm Log Set the Self Test alarm flag 24 OCT 2008 01 34 19 DETECTOR ERROR RANGE 0 10 MG M3 VALUE 00 0000 MG M3 Diff is the current average
10. PUMP filter keeps any large particles from entering the flow sensor or sample pump The 0 2 micron PURGE filter cleans the recirculated purge air which is used to keep the optics clean during normal operation and the zero self test See Section 5 3 a Pump Filter Purge Filter Pump Filter and Purge Filter Replacement 8 TSP Inlet and Cyclone Cleaning All E Samplers use at least a TSP inlet In addition to the TSP inlet sharp cut cyclones may be used to remove particles greater than the rated cut point These inlets need to be periodically cleaned The time interval between cleanings varies depending on the local particulate levels Met One recommends cleaning the cyclone particle trap at least once a month The TSP inlet and cyclone body should be disassembled and cleaned every three months during continuous use Clean the cyclone particle trap by unscrewing the knurled cap from the cyclone body then wipe it out with a cloth or blow it clean with compressed air Check the o rings and lubricate if necessary Full cleaning of the cyclone requires unscrewing the three socket head Allen screws to access the conical chamber inside All of the inside surfaces must be cleaned Isopropyl alcohol and cotton tipped applicators work well The TSP inlet can be disassembled for cleaning by removing the three screws in the cap Soap and water often work best for cleaning the TSP inlet and debris screen Do not over tighten the screws during reassembl
11. User Interface Keypad and Display FUN CtiOns cece ccccessscceceessseeeeeeessseeeeeeesseeeeeeens 19 4 2 Using the Main Sampling SCrEON 00 0 cccsesccccesssseecceessseeeceeessseecceeeseeecceessseeeceeessseeeeeeeseeeeeeees 20 4 3 Using the Main E Sampler Menu System and Clearing MeMoOry ccccccccccesssseceeeesseeeeeeens 21 E SAMPLER MEASUREMENT METHOD ccssssssssscccssssssssssccccscsssssssssssccccccees 23 5 1 Forward Laser Light Scatter Nephelometer System ccccccccccsssccceeessseeeceeessseeceeesssseeceeessaes 23 5 2 4 mm Gravimetric Filter Collection System 0 0 0 ccccecccccessssccceeesseeeceeessseeceeessseececessseeceeensaes 25 5 3 The Airflow Control System Diagram and Description eee cccecsccccesssseeeceeessseecceessseeeeeensaes 26 5 4 Timed Operation and Scheduled Sampling Event ccc ccccccccsssccceesssseecceesssseeceeessseeeeeeensaes 28 5 5 Establishing a Gravimetric Correction K Factor for the E Sampletr ccccsssccccesssseeeeeesnees 28 SETUP MENU DESCRIPTIONS neccsser 31 OA FRE COG SU SC CS in NE ENE 31 6 2 The AVERAGE PERIOD Setup Screen Data Logging Interval c cc cccccceeesseeeeeeeees 31 6 3 The CONCENTRATION Setup Screen Range and Scaling sessesssessssssesesssssrrsssrrressserressss 32 6 4 The SAMPLING MODE Setup Screen Continuous or Timed Sampling esseeseeessessssseneeeen 33 65 The ALARM CONTACT Setup SCEN ase
12. and flow calibrations Determine the length of the sampling period For good gravimetric results there should be about 0 5 mg 500 ug of mass deposited on the filter if possible The time it takes to accumulate this amount of dust will vary greatly depending how clean or dirty the air is In normal ambient air at moderate concentrations you will usually need to run the E Sampler for about 4 or 5 days If the typical average daily concentration levels at the site are known then you can calculate the required run time based on the known value You could also make a rough estimate by running the E Sampler for a day then download the real time data and calculate the average in mg m over the period For example the E Sampler draws 0 12 cubic meters per hour at 2 0 LPM If the average daily concentration at the site is about 0 035 mg m and you want 5 mg on the filter then 0 035 mg m 0 12 m hr 0 0042 mg hr 0 500 mg 0 0042 mg hr 119 hours 75 days Set the E Sampler to TIMED sampling mode and set the event duration to the estimated amount of time determined in step 3 or a similar convenient interval Install the 47 mm filter and run the timed sample After the sample period has ended remove the 47 mm filter and have it re weighed in the lab The filter must be handled carefully transported carefully and equilibrated properly Download the E Sampler light scatter data and average the E Sampler concentration data va
13. been measured by the E Sampler and exits the optical engine it passes through the built in 47 mm filter sampler system This system allows the particulate to optionally be collected on a filter disc as a second method to obtain airborne particulate mass data or for laboratory analysis of the particulate The 47 mm filter system can also be used to determine a gravimetric K factor slope multiplier to correct the E Sampler real time signal to match the local particulate type In this case a filter disc is weighed on a microbalance before and after being run in the E Sampler for a period of time The resulting mass of the dust on the filter is correlated with the concentrations that the E Sampler recorded over the same time period and a correction factor is calculated The E Sampler can be used with no correction factor in applications where relative particulate trending is appropriate 1 4 Laser Radiation Safety and Conformity The E SAMPLER when properly installed and operated is considered a Class I laser product Class products are not considered to be hazardous This system contains a diode laser operating at 5 mW power and 670 nm wavelength This is visible to the naked eye and can cause damage to the eye if directly exposed A protective optical housing fully encapsulates the laser beam and optics system within the E SAMPLER Do not attempt to disassemble the optical module Failure to comply with this instruction could cause accidental
14. exposure to laser radiation The manufacture certifies that this product operates in compliance with following standards and regulations e FDA CDRH This product is tested and complies with 21 CFR Subchapter J of the health and Safety Act of 1968 e US 21 CFR 1040 10 Always power down the system whenever service or repair work is being performed inside the instrument enclosure Only trained technicians should attempt to repair the E Sampler Routine maintenance does not require removing the instrument from its weatherproof enclosure E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 5 1 5 E Sampler Specifications PARAMETER SPECIFICATION Particulate concentration by forward light scatter laser Nephelometer Measurement Principles integrated 47mm low flow gravimetric filter sampler Available Cut Points TSP Inlet Standard PM 9 PM25 and PM sharp cut cyclone inlets available Measurement Range 0 to 65 mg m 0 to 65 530 pg m Auto ranging 16 bit digital range Nephelometer Accuracy 10 to gravimetric method typical when K factored to local particulate type Gravimetric Accuracy 8 of NIOSH 0600 Data Storage Resolution 1 ug m Precision Greater of 3 ug m or 2 Long Term Stability 5 with clean optics Flow Rate 2 0 liters minute 0 1 lom Actual volumetric flow Pump Type 10 000 hour brushless diaphragm sample pump and secondary purge pump Data Storage Intervals User Selectable 1 5 10 15 30 or 60 minut
15. in the front panel of the instrument The E Sampler zeros itself based on this clean air condition Next the E Sampler activates a solenoid shutter which allows a small amount of laser light from the light trap to feed back into the detector using fiber optics This span level is used to check the response of the detector and related electronics See Section 8 for zero span alarm logic 5 2 47mm Gravimetric Filter Collection System After the sample air stream has been measured by the E Sampler and exits the MD optical engine it passes through the built in 47mm filter sampler system This system allows the particulate to be collected as a second method to obtain airborne particulate mass data or for laboratory analysis of the particulate This is a low flow version of the manual sampler gravimetric method which is the standard measurement technique against which all continuous methods are compared in the U S and most other countries since it is very accurate and yields repeatable data The filter material used in the 47 mm system can be selected based upon the desired type of laboratory analysis or an empty filter cartridge can be installed to use the E Sampler as a real time instrument only without collecting any dust samples Note At least an empty filter cartridge must be installed in the E Sampler at all times in order to seal the flow system A main use for the filter collection system is to establish a slope correction multipl
16. information on some of the more common E Sampler problems which may be encountered and some steps to identify and remedy the problems Met One welcomes customer suggestions for new items to include in this section of future manual revisions If the solution cannot be found in the following table then contact one of our expert service technicians for help in resolving your problem The E Sampler won t start a measurement cycle Cause Solution You must press the START SAMPLE key to start the unit into continuous operation If the unit is set for a TIMED sample it will not start until the scheduled time The main display will show the TIMED soft key where you can view the schedule The E Sampler may not start a measurement cycle if it detects a hardware failure such as a pressure sensor failure or a pump failure The unit will not start a cycle if the input DC voltage is below the restart threshold such as 10 volts DC The unit will usually display an error message on the display if it cannot start a cycle Make sure a 47 mm filter disc has not been installed and forgotten This will eventually block the flow Clean the 47 mm filter cartridge backing screen even if no filter is used Large particles can plug this screen Check the PUMP and PURGE filters These must be replaced periodically Try to DEFAULT the flow sensor calibration If corrupted flow cal parameters are E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 42 Cause Solution
17. needed to perform the measurement and operation of the unit Many of these settings are set at factory default values which are correct for most applications but may be altered by the operator to suit the specific needs of your monitoring program This section describes the SETUP menu in detail and should be reviewed to ensure desired operation Once set most of the values in the SETUP menus will not need to be changed by the site operator The settings will not be lost if the unit is unplugged or powered down The SETUP menu is located in the main E Sampler menu Use the arrow keys to select SETUP option in the main menu then press the MENU SELECT key to enter the menu Use the A V keys to select the desired sub menu and press the SELECT key again to enter The top SETUP menu is shown below ALARM CONTACT RH HEATER CONTROL SELF TEST COMMUNICATIONS STATION ID BENGINEERING UNITS 6 1 The CLOCK Setup Screen The SETUP gt CLOCK menu is used to change the date or time The current date time is shown at the top of the screen Use the arrow keys to change the bottom values then press SET The menu will exit automatically Press EXIT to leave the screen without changes 6 2 The AVERAGE PERIOD Setup Screen Data Logging Interval The SETUP gt AVERAGE PERIOD screen is used to change the averaging period and data logging interval for the concentration measurements and all of the other sensor parameters logged by the E Sampler The aver
18. run this test for more than 5 minutes because it will reduce the lifetime of the pump motor 5 The pump is turned off Rotate the purge cutoff valve back to the open position as shown Remove the vinyl cap from inlet and re install the sharp cut cyclone E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 39 8 MAINTENANCE and TROUBLESHOOTING This section provides information about routine maintenance of the E Sampler and for performing more detailed diagnostic tests if a problem is encountered The E Sampler often generates error messages on the display or in the data log if a failure or other problem is detected Many times there is a simple solution Persistent errors often signify a failure which will require investigation The E Sampler is an extremely component dense assembly Only skilled and trained electro mechanical technicians should attempt any disassembly or repairs inside the E Sampler Routine maintenance procedures do not involve removing the E Sampler assembly from the enclosure 8 1 E Sampler Alarm Displays Alarm Logs and Alarm Codes The E Sampler contains a comprehensive system of error and alarm codes which are used to alert the operator of any problems with the unit These error codes may be generated during normal operation or during a self test routine The errors appear on the E Sampler display and are also stored in the digital alarm log as a detailed record of the time and type of the error In addition errors are stored i
19. the default and is adequate for many applications Slower settings are almost never used Use 38400 for large file downloads whenever possible Note When a computer is connected to the E Sampler for digital data retrieval it will need to be set to the same baud rate as the E Sampler or serial communication will not occur 6 9 The STATION ID Setup Screen The STATION ID is similar to a unit ID or location ID value used in other instruments This value will appear in the E Sampler data array Use a unique ID number for each unit in your network so that collected data can be correlated to a specific site or E Sampler The STATION ID can be set to any value from 0001 to 9999 6 10 The ENGINEERING UNITS Setup Screen The SETUP gt ENGINEERING UNITS screen sets the conventions for reporting the temperature pressure and wind speed parameters It can be set to METRIC or ENGLISH The METRIC setting is used in almost all applications METRIC reports in Celsius Pascals and meters per second ENGLISH reports in Fahrenheit inches of mercury and miles per hour E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 35 7 CALIBRATE MENU FIELD CALIBRATIONS The E Sampler has a system of calibration menus which allow the operator to audit or calibrate the airflow control system parameters for optimal performance These parameters are often audited monthly and calibrated quarterly during continuous operation The exact frequency may vary depending
20. voltage points from zero to full scale now match your voltmeter within 0 001 volts Note Only a high quality voltmeter should be used for this test Cheap voltmeters usually do not give accurate measurements at millivolt levels The E Sampler analog output should also be checked with the external datalogger connected in order to make sure that the logger or cables are not affecting the voltage 7 6 Leak Test Calibration Checks The CALIBRATE gt LEAK CHECK screen is used to check for airflow system leaks which could effect the accuracy of the flow measurements or cause unwanted measurement biases Purge valve closed Left and open Right Located inside the battery compartment 1 Remove TSP inlet and sharp cut cyclone Cap off the top of the E Sampler inlet tube with a vinyl or rubber cap 2 Open the front door and remove the battery cover plate Locate the purge cutoff value on the left side Rotate it to the closed position as shown above 3 Wait for the system to zero the flow sensor reading This step is omitted if steps 1 and 2 take longer than the zero flow sensor process 25 seconds The software will automatically proceed to the step 4 when the zero flow sensor process has completed 4 The pump is turned on Wait for flow reading to stabilize about 2 minutes The leak test will be OK if the reading is less than 0 3 liters per minute The leak test will FAIL if the reading is greater than 0 3 liters per minute Do not
21. with various modem kits Access to the data through the serial port is easy using the supplied Comet software or simple terminal or escape commands 9 1 Analog Voltage Output The E Sampler has an analog voltage output available which represents the real time concentration values The analog output signal is located on the same connector as the serial data output The analog output is rarely used because of the portable nature of the E sampler so the standard serial cable that comes with the unit does not have access to the analog output signal If the analog output is to be used you will need to acquire a special cable which has a breakout for the white voltage output wire CONC signal and the black ground wire as shown in the cable drawing below These two wires are then routed to your analog datalogger input to record the output The E Sampler analog output can be set to 0 1 0 2 5 or 0 5 volts which represents the user selected range of concentration See Section 7 4 for details about how to configure the analog output See Section 5 8 for instructions about how to test the output voltage 9 2 Serial Port Connections to a Computer The E Sampler can be directly connected through the supplied serial cable to most standard desktop computers that have a 9 pin DB 9 RS 232 serial port connector COM 1 4 The E Sampler can also be connected to most laptop computers though newer laptops do not usually have 9 pin serial ports so a converter m
22. 00 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 13 3 SITE SELECTION and REMOTE POWER OPTIONS Use the following criteria when deciding on a sampling location for the E Sampler Always consider the safety and security of the unit as well as the suitability of the sampling environment 3 1 Site Selection Requirements Selection of a proper site for the E Sampler is critical for accurate measurements In some cases these items must be correctly addressed in order for the collected data to be acceptable for regulatory requirements such as ARM or SPM methods Although the E Sampler is not an EPA designated instrument U S EPA Specifications for the site selection are a good reference and can be found in the EPA documents listed below e 40 CFR Part 58 Appendix E e Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2 12 Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using Designated Reference or Class Equivalent Methods Section 5 1 2 The following is a summary of general ambient particulate monitoring site requirements that will be appropriate for use with the E Sampler in many cases Some of these criteria may not be appropriate in some applications due to the versatile nature of the E Sampler Inlet Height e The inlet should be located in the breathing zone between 2 and 15 meters above ground level When installed on the standard tripod the E Sampler inlet is positioned two meters above the ground or other mounting surface when used with a cyclone e Ifthe E Sampler
23. 0140 Tripod Assembly E BAM E SAMPLER EX 905 Phone Line Modem Kit Weatherproof EX 996 Cellular Modem Kit Call Met One for Details call Power Cable E Sampler to Battery 9638 Power Cable E Sampler to Battery 9638 1 with alarm relay output wires Serial Cable E Sampler 932A Serial Cable E sampler with analog output wires Comet Software CD 80248 E Sampler Factory Service and Recalibration SVC4105 Call Met One E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 58
24. 9 V I Main Sampling Screen Format Below is a table which describes the parameters visible in the main sampling display as shown above These are all of the logged parameters in the E Sampler The active display shows the 1 second real time value for each parameter while the stored data shows the average value over the user selected logging interval AT Battery voltage or DC input voltage O A BP RHx External ambient relative humidity if equipped RHA O O ws WwW _ E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 20 4 3 Using the Main E Sampler Menu System and Clearing Memory The main E Sampler menu system can be entered at almost any time by pressing the MENU SELECT key Use the A V arrow keys to select the desired menu option then press the MENU SELECT key to enter the selected sub menu The functions in the SETUP and CALIBRATE menus are described in Section 6 and 7 All of the other main menu functions are described below Visible display area Scroll down V to view these I options The Main E Sampler menu OPERATE This menu option puts the E Sampler into normal operation screen where a new sample can be started If the unit is already sampling this option will simply exit the main menu and display the main sampling screen SETUP This is the setup menu for the E Sampler All of the setup parameters in this menu are described in Section 6 CALIBRATE This is the field calibration men
25. AVE key to save the schedule Timed events should be scheduled carefully depending on local concentration levels The duration needs to be long enough to collect an appropriate amount of dust on the filter without overloading it and clogging the flow system Keep in mind that the E Sampler uses a low 2 0 LPM flow rate 6 5 The ALARM CONTACT Setup Screen The SETUP gt ALARM CONTACT screen is used to establish the rules for activating the alarm contact closure relay output of the E SAMPLER This contact closure is located on the power input connector and requires a special power cable with the contact wires routed out The two contacts are normally closed and will open when the event is triggered This can be used to signal an external warning light logic controller or logger input to take some action Select the CONTACT SOURCE or CONTACT TIMING screen as shown below E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 33 The alarm CONTACT SOURCE can be set to ALARM EVENT AVERAGE or REAL TIME Setting ALARM EVENT means that any instrument error or alarm will activate the output The AVERAGE or REAL TIME setting means that the output will be activated when a preset average period concentration or real time concentration level is exceeded The LEVEL setting is the average or real time concentration threshold that will trigger the alarm and can be set from 00 001 to 10 000 mg m The CONTACT TIMING screen is used to set how long the alarm signal is
26. E SAMPLER PARTICULATE MONITOR OPERATION MANUAL REVISION J Met One Instruments Inc 1600 NW Washington Blvd Grants Pass Oregon 97526 d Telephone 541 471 7111 Facsimile 541 471 7116 E SAMPLER Particulate Monitor Operation Manual Copyright 2011 Met One Instruments Inc All rights reserved worldwide No part of this publication may be reproduced transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any other language in any form without the written permission of Met One Instruments Inc E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 1 Table of Contents 1 INTRODUC WO Nvccss sc ccusezcscevecevecdedssssseueucsiccsuneeccesavovussedcsssveussccecsesxussecessavecutusessessscsnecusxevsae 4 1 1 About This Manual ccccccccccccssseeeceesesseeeeeesesseeeeeseesseeeeesesseeeeeesesseeeceesesseeeeeeeesseesesecesaeeeeesaes 4 1 2 Technical Service and Warranty 0 0 ccc ccccsscccceessssecceeessseeeceeesseecceessseeecceessseeeeeeessseeeceessaeeeeeenaaes 4 1 3 About the E Sampler Two Instruments iN One eeseeessseeissssserrrrrssessrrrrrsssesrrrrrrssserrrrerssserrrree 5 1 4 Laser Radiation Safety and Conformity 0 c cc ccccccccccsssseccccessseeccceessseecceessseeeeeeessseeeeeessseeeeeeeaaes 5 1 5 E Sampler Specifications 0 0 0 0 iccccccccccccccsssssscccccccsesssseeecccessesseeeecccceseessseeeececessessseeseceeseeesteeeeeees 6 E SAMPLER SETUP and STARTUP sscssscecsceccssacsvnasdvetseussencecsccsvinucacseisnssd
27. E Sampler for flow leaks and flow calibration problems Check the alarm log for optical system alarms E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 43 8 4 Suggested Periodic Maintenance Intervals The following table shows the Met One recommended periods for routine maintenance items some of these items will need to be performed more or less often depending on the exact characteristics of your location The program administrator should review these items and establish SOPs appropriate for your application Check filter RH sensors 6 Months Replace PUMP filter and PURGE filter 12Months Factory service recalibration and optical system cleaning 24Months Replace lithium backup battery as needed 5 Years 8 5 Sample Pump Replacement The E Sampler brushless diaphragm sample pump should last at least 10 000 hours or more than one year during continuous operation The exact lifetime will depend on how harsh the sampling environment is The E Sampler has a second smaller diaphragm purge pump which only runs during the self test zero period The current design uses a removable flow system subassembly containing both pumps the flow sensor and pulsation chamber Before replacing the pump check all filters and flow system calibrations to make sure the problem is actually the pump module Note Older E Samplers had a single reversible rotary vane pump which performed both the sample and zero purge functions This design was changed bec
28. age can be set to 60 30 15 10 5 or 1 minute Modify the settings with the A WV keys and press SAVE Press EXIT to go back to the setup menu without making changes E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 31 Although the E Sampler measures the particulate concentration and updates the display each second the fastest average period that can be logged in memory is 1 minute The 1 second concentration can be output and logged externally using the E Sampler analog output Because the E Sampler is a nephelometer the faster concentration averages are much more useful than the fast concentration averages of the Met One E BAM beta attenuation unit For this reason the E Sampler is often the best choice for fast response monitoring of 1 or 5 minute averages especially where wind particulate correlations are desired Note The unit contains memory for 4369 data records The memory will fill up faster the shorter the average interval is set to as shown in the table below If the real time average is set to 60 minutes the memory will last 182 days before getting full If a 1 minute real time average is selected the memory will be filled up in just three days When the memory is full the unit over writes the oldest data Real Time Records Memory Average Stored Capacity Setting Per Hour Days 6 3 The CONCENTRATION Setup Screen Range and Scaling The SETUP gt CONCENTRATION screen is used to set the scaling of the concentrat
29. ain 500 TempSlope 0 00013434 TempOffset 1 16106415 RHSetPt 50 AlarmSource 0 AlarmLevel 0 mg m3 AlarmActive 10 Sec AlarmDelay 10 Min Flash Firmware Upgrades The E Sampler has the capability for flash firmware upgrades This allows the field operator to reprogram or update the E Sampler master flash EEPROM through the serial port using the Firmware Update Utility program A Met One technician may supply the firmware update files on a CD or by e mail if a bug fix is released or if additional features are added to the firmware program The following tasks must be performed whenever the firmware is upgraded 1 2 aS Download and save the data log and error log from the E Sampler before proceeding These will be cleared from memory during the upgrade process Firmware Update Utility is a PC based utility program which used to update firmware in Met One products equipped with FLASH memory technology You will need a PC or laptop with an available RS 232 COMM port Install the Firmware Update Utility program onto the computer by following the prompts after the CD is inserted Connect the E Sampler serial port to the computer COMM port usually COMM 1 with the serial cable that came with the E Sampler Note A special serial cable is required if the separate secondary slave firmware file is to be updated Make sure that the computer and the E Sampler are both set to the 9600 baud rate Take great effort to ensure that t
30. al Rev J 1 doc Page 40 The following are some examples of how the alarm and error records appear when shown on the main E Sampler display as a current error or when viewed as a historical error record in the user interface system The normal E Sampler digital data array also contains an alarm code column to indicate if there were any alarm or error flags during that particular sample period An example of an E Sampler data record is shown below The alarm header and alarm code are highlighted below MONE CMe Pere Ine Ine Ooi e OZ AUG AON IA OO 2 107 IB 1 SN M4373 Time Conc MG M3 Flow 1 m AT C BP PA RHx RHi WS M S WD Deg BV V E OZ AvE 201I 09215500 0 025 2 0 25 2 97202 1 39 0 3 1714 2 The following table defines the possible error codes that can appear in the alarm column of the E Sampler data records 0 Noalarm S 1 Self Test Failure 2 NotUsed S 4 Laser Current Failure _ 8 Pressure Sensor Failure 146 Flow Failure 32 Not Used 64 Internal Hardware SPI bus Failure 128 Low Battery Note If multiple errors or alarms occur in the same data period then the alarm code stored in the data array will be the sum of the two individual code numbers This is a rare occurrence When the digital error log is retrieved from the E Sampler using Comet software or ESCAPE commands the error report will contain the same infor
31. ause the old pump was not well suited to some environments These units have completely different flow system routing and the following photos and steps will not apply Upgrades to new style must be performed at the factory Pulsation Chamber Flow Sensor Harness Sample Pump Electrical Harness Purge Pump Exhaust k Flow Meter Pump Module Subassembly New Style Warning The E Sampler is densely assembled and it can be difficult to service inside If you are unsure of your technical skills send the unit in for factory service instead 1 Disconnect all power from the E Sampler Remove the internal battery if used 2 Remove the inlet heater assembly from the top of the E Sampler Remove the three screws from the base of the plastic heater sleeve then pull the assembly out of the top of the unit Unplug the heater electrical harness E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 44 3 Unscrew the E Sampler internal assembly from the enclosure There are four screws in the front display panel You will also need to remove the four smaller screws around the connector board in the bottom of the E Sampler 4 Remove the entire E Sampler internal assembly from the enclosure You will have to unplug the temperature sensor harness from the PCB and unplug the exhaust tubing from the exhaust port in the bottom of the enclosure Note the connector locations 5 It will be easier to proceed if you unscrew the back panel of the E Sampl
32. ay have to be used The simplest type is a USB to RS232 serial adapter Met One recommends the Belkin F5U109 available from Met One or a local electronics store You will still need the standard E Sampler serial cable The E Sampler default settings are 9600 Baud 8 data bit no parity one stop bit The baud rate may be changed to a faster value The other communications settings are fixed 9 3 Modem Options for Remote Data Retrieval The Met One Instrument EX 996 phone line modem is recommended for use with the E Sampler as it is designed to reliably communicate when other modems may not Other brands of modems must be set in dumb or pass through mode with no handshaking If you are using one of the Met One Instruments data acquisition programs such as Air Plus you need only enter the telephone number of the site in the system setup menu of the program Multiple telephone numbers can be entered for connection to multiple remote sites See the software manuals If you are communicating with a terminal program such as HyperTerminal you will need to use the terminal program s internal dialing command sequence to dial up the E Sampler Verify the connection to the unit by pressing the lt Enter gt key until the command prompt asterisk appears If not verify the cabling and communications settings Once connected the access to the E Sampler is the same command driven interface as used for the direct PC connection Cell modems radio
33. clone if used at 2 0 lom This flow rate is used because the cut point of the cyclones is dependant on the velocity of the particles and is only accurate at the rated flow rate The sample air goes through the vertical inlet tube which is heated if necessary to keep the sample air humidity below 50 RH to prevent measurement errors caused by moisture The sample air stream immediately enters the laser optical module where it passes through the laser beam and the particulate is measured The sample air passes through the 47 mm filter cartridge holder where all of the particulate is deposited onto the 47 mm filter disc if used If no filter disc is used the air passes through the filter backing perforated screen disc in the empty cartridge The sample RH sensor is located in the top of the filter cartridge receiver The pump filter removes any particles larger than 5 microns to protect the flow sensor and pump The air stream then passes through the flow meter which measures the mass flow rate of the sample air as an analog electronic signal which is sent to the CPU where the ambient temperature and pressure are used to calculate the actual flow Down stream of the flow meter a pulsation chamber is used to reduce the pressure pulsations caused by the diaphragm pump which would otherwise appear as noise in the flow sensor signal There is nothing inside the pulsation chamber The air is drawn into the vacuum side of the main sam
34. cluded mounting bracket The bracket must be screwed or bolted to the pole or wall with appropriate hardware The enclosed bolts may not be appropriate for the desired mounting The slot on the back of the E Sampler slips over the tab on the mounting bracket The tab on the bottom of the E Sampler should also be bolted to the mounting surface to ensure that the unit cannot be knocked off of its mounting E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 7 Typical Mounting Bracket Pole Installation Note If mounting the unit to a wall take care to ensure that there is adequate clear space around the inlet to allow unrestricted airflow into the instrument Wall mounting is often not considered ideal and not recommended due to the airflow and particulate obstruction of the wall itself Mount the instrument with no large obstructions nearby whenever possible Tripod Mounting The Met One EX 905 aluminum tripod is the recommended mounting for the E Sampler for most outdoor applications It is not included as a standard accessory in order to save expense for users who may not require it Deploy the tripod as follows 1 Remove the three stainless steel detent pins from the tripod base by pulling the rings Unfold the three tripod legs and reinsert the three pins so that each pin secures a leg in the open position Make sure the erected tripod is rigid and stable Detent Pins 2 Lift the E Sampler assembly and slide the slot on the back of the E BAM
35. creen is used for field audits or calibrations of the E Sampler digital to analog converter DAC output The output voltage is only available on the communications connector using a special cable with the analog output wires split out This is output is rarely used The MODE can be set to AUDIT LOW or HIGH using the V key as shown above In AUDIT mode you can force the analog voltage to any voltage from 0 000 up to the full scale voltage 1 000 2 500 or 5 000 volts Compare the displayed value to the actual voltage measured on the analog output using a volt meter and record the results The actual voltage measured on the E Sampler analog output wires must match this setting within 0 001 volts If not the analog output on the E Sampler will need to be adjusted E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 38 In the HIGH mode the analog output is forced to 10 mV below the full scale voltage of the unit 0 990 volts if set to 1 000V scale Measure the actual voltage output of the E Sampler and if it does not match the ADJUST field can be set using the arrow keys to adjust the voltage up or down by as much as 0 100 volts Be sure to SAVE any changes In the LOW mode the analog output is forced to 0 010 volts Measure the actual voltage output again and make any adjustments The LOW mode can only be adjusted from 0 016 to 0 100 volts After the HIGH and LOW modes are adjusted and saved go back to the AUDIT mode and make sure that several
36. e averages Nephelometer Interval 1 second measurements available on analog output and display Gravimetric Filter Type 47mm disc filters not included Accepts standard FRM filter holder cartridges Sample Cycles Continuous operation or programmable scheduled sample runs Particle Size Sensitivity 0 1 to 100 micron Optimal sensitivity 0 5 to 10 micron particles Laser Type Diode Laser 5 mW 670nm Visible red Automatic Zero and Span User selectable 15 min 1 hour 2 hour 12 hour or 24 hour intervals 2 8 min cycle Internal Battery Optional lead acid battery 12V 12 Amp Hour Yuasa NP12 12 or equivalent Internal Battery Run Time Up to 30 hours with inlet heater off Up to 10 hours with inlet heater on Power Supply Universal 100 240 VAC input 15 VDC output power supply included Compatible with solar power kits or external batteries using optional DC power cable 1 1 amps 12 VDC 15 Watts max continuous draw running with inlet heater on Barometric Pressure 60 000 to 104 000 Pascal pressure sensor range Ambient Humidity Range 0 to 90 RH non condensing TE Automatic 10 Watt inlet heater module controlled to sample RH setpoint Humidity Control Sample RH sensor standard Optional EX 593 ambient RH sensor available Approvals CE ISO 9001 Designed to agree with EPA Class and Class II FRM FEM PP particulate samplers and monitors Not an EPA designated equivalent method User Interface Menu driven inte
37. e laser module at a higher flow rate The air in the laser module is 100 filtered during this process and no scattered light should enter the detector The E Sampler takes a zero reading and established a new signal baseline A check valve prevents air from back flowing through the purge pump during normal sampling Inlet lt Purge Air Manual Purge Shutoff Valve Sample RH Sensor 47 mm Filter Cartridge f Pump Filter 0 5 micron 580292 Purge Filter 0 2 micron 580302 Flow Meter Pulsation Chamber E Purge Adjust Exhaust SU simplified for clarity E Sampler Flow System Diagram E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 27 5 4 Timed Operation and Scheduled Sampling Events The E Sampler can be set to TIMED operation mode whenever a scheduled sampling event with a user defined start time and duration is needed This mode is usually used when a 47 mm filter is installed in the E Sampler for a fixed amount of time such as when performing a 24 hour filter samples similar to an FRM when running an E Sampler along with a collocated instrument with synchronized sample periods or when creating a K Factor using the filter collection method Timed mode may also be used whenever the E Sampler is set up early with a future start time to Save power Only one timed event can be scheduled at a time The SETUP gt SAMPLING MODE screen is used to enable TIMED operation and to set the start time and d
38. e particulate type is consistent The E Sampler can be used with no correction factor K 1 in applications where relative particulate trending is appropriate A filter disc is carefully weighed on a microbalance scale under laboratory conditions then placed into the E Sampler filter holder and run for a predetermined period of time The filter is then reweighed in the lab and the resulting total mass of the dust on the filter is correlated with the volume of air sampled and compared with the concentrations that the E Sampler recorded over the same time period then a correction factor is calculated E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 28 Download and save all E Sampler data before changing the K Factor setting When the K Factor value is changed it will apply to any previous data already stored in memory Obtain and or pre weigh the 47 mm disc filters on a microbalance scale according to standard protocol Pre weighed filters are often obtained from an outside lab due to the expense of the scale and lab setup See 40 CFR Part 50 for more information or contact a reputable lab Many agencies already have appropriate filters for use in reference method filter samplers on hand Met One recommends using PTFE Teflon filters Install and check the E Sampler Make sure that the sampling site is representative of the local air Use FRM FEM siting criteria whenever possible See Section 3 Make sure that the E Sampler passes all leak checks
39. eplaced more often in order to prevent flow system failures 3 5 Remote Monitoring With Solar or Battery Power The standard version of the E Sampler is designed to be deployable in remote areas where AC power is not available These applications may require external deep cycle batteries and sometimes a solar panel array as well The E Sampler is rated for a worst case continuous power draw of 15 Watts approximately 1 1 amps at 12 volts DC Internal Battery Operation The simplest method for remote deployment is to use the optional internal battery The E Sampler can run for up to 10 hours on a fully charged internal 12V 12 amp hour battery assuming worst case conditions of high humidity and full time inlet heater operation This increases to about 30 hours in low humidity with the inlet heater off Battery run time is reduced in cold temperatures or with a 47mm filter installed The AC power supply included with the E Sampler will serve as a battery charger for the internal battery whenever the unit is plugged into AC power See Section 2 3 for instructions about how to connect the internal battery The internal battery can be almost any 12 VDC lead acid battery with maximum dimensions of 3 9 width 100 mm 3 85 height 98 mm and 6 length 150 mm Met One recommends using a YUASA NP12 12 battery See www vyuasabaiteries com Met One can supply these batteries on request but it is usually cheaper and easier to source them locally
40. er assembly 2 screws and unscrew the long stand off support one flat head screw This allows the assembly to be opened up slightly Back Panel 2 screws bottom 1 screw top middle Pump Module 2 screws bottom 1 screw top plastic clip 6 Unscrew the pump module assembly from the main E Sampler assembly There are two screws on the bottom and one screw through the plastic clip on the top 7 Unplug the pump module main electrical harness connector and the flow sensor connector Unplug the two clear tubes connecting the pump module to the filter block in the E Sampler Note which tube goes to which position You should now be able to remove the pump module Avoid any further disassembly of the E Sampler or unplugging any other connectors 8 Install the new pump module in the reverse order Be sure the reconnect all electrical and tubing connections into the correct positions 9 After reassembly check for leaks and perform a complete AT BP and flow calibration E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 45 8 6 PUMP and PURGE Filter Changes The E Sampler PUMP FILTER and PURGE FILTER are the two filter cartridges located in the front panel of the instrument They can be removed by unscrewing the black aluminum filter holders with a coin using the slot in the face of the holder The expected lifetime of the two filters is greater than one year but in heavy particulate areas they may need to be replaced more often The 5 micron
41. eries must be of the same type When the battery voltage discharges below 10 5 volts the unit will shut itself down until fresh batteries are supplied and the restart voltage threshold is exceeded See Section 8 1 Solar Operation Some remote applications require operating the E Sampler with a solar array Care must be taken to ensure that the solar array is designed correctly and is specified to meet the power requirements or the unit Many people greatly underestimate the amount of solar wattage required to run a particular load continuously year round If the solar array is not large enough the batteries will eventually become depleted and the E Sampler will shut down The size of the solar array will vary depending on the Peak Sun Hour PSH rating of the sample location PSH ratings are usually based on worst case winter conditions at a particular location Summer sun ratings at the same location will be considerably higher requiring less solar wattage Sun rating maps can be found on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory website at www nrel gov The table below shows some estimated solar array wattages required to runa 15 Watt DC E Sampler continuously in various sun ratings Local PSH Minimum Battery Sun Rating Solar Array Array for 5 eine Wattage Days Backup 316 2x110Ah 2 x 110Ah 60 105 2x110Ah 7o Met One supplies a line of standardized portable solar power kits for use with the E Sampler Data shee
42. ero and Span Settings The SETUP gt SELF TEST screen is used to set the interval at which the E Sampler will perform the automatic zero and span tests to verify the optical system The PERIOD can be set to 15 minutes 1 hour 2 hours 12 hours or 24 hours The self test takes up to three minutes The zero test circulates clean filtered air through the optical system to establish a baseline signal The span test feeds a small amount of laser light from the light trap back into the detector to check the detector response E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 34 Setting the self test PERIOD to faster intervals is sometimes useful in high concentrations but the routine interrupts normal sampling and uses additional power for the zero pump and the span solenoid Set the period to longer intervals in clean air and for low power applications 6 8 The COMMUNICATION Setup Screen The SETUP gt COMMUNICATION screen is used to set the analog voltage and serial port baud rate Use the arrow keys to edit the values then press SAVE The DAC RANGE is the full scale voltage of the analog output and can be set to 1 0 2 5 or 5 0 volts for external data logger compatibility Rarely used The BAUD RATE setting is for the E Sampler digital RS 232 serial port The baud rate can be set to 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 or 38400 Use the fastest baud possible while still able to communicate reliably with the computer The 9600 baud setting is
43. ewest data record in memory as shown below This is often used by digital data loggers which are often programmed to collect data from an array of instruments at frequent intervals E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 53 4 NUE evs e Bene winery de Oona OZ AUG Ode Oe ok ID sal oN MA 373 Timo Cone MGM E Eo Mm nal es UR Ae RA jennie NM SoS Na INC ais ViVi Aa lear O72 RUG Cee NOSIS Oi OKO Oe 2 Sree iO ll Os trees Ue lela S The following table defines the E Sampler data parameters as they appear in the header of any of the AutoMet style data reports Field Ciescription O BP PA Average barometric pressure for the data logging period in Pascals RHx Average external RH for the data logging period Requires EX 593 option RHi Average sample RH for the data logging period WS m s Average wind speed in meters per second Requires EX 034 option WD De Average wind direction in degrees Requires EX 034 option BV V Average battery or input voltage in volts Error code 0 no errors See Section 8 1 for error descriptions Advanced AutoMet Commands In addition to the standard data retrieval ASCII commands the data system supports some additional advanced commands shown below Do not use these commands without instruction from a Met One technician Command Function S 9 Display AutoMet data pointers for File 2 Z o S Set date with password Set time with password
44. g A confirmation screen will appear press the YES key The E Sampler will begin by running a SELF TEST process for about three minutes where the optical zero and span functions will be checked After the SELF Test process the E Sampler is running and ready to use if set to CONTINUOUS sampling mode The date time real time concentration flow rate and sampling condition are displayed For TIMED sampling operation details see Section 5 4 Pressing the W down arrow displays the other current sensor readings for AT BP RH WS WD and battery voltage Pressing the lt left arrow key will scroll back through historical logged data You may press ESC at any time to immediately return to the current concentration screen from any historical data screen The MENU SELECT key may be pressed at any time to enter the main menu screen This screen is the top of a tree style menu system Use the arrow keys to highlight an entry and press MENU SELECT again to select that entry Pressing ESC will back up along the tree to the top See Section 4 for details about how to navigate the E Sampler user interface and menu system Default Setup The E Sampler is factory configured to measure continuously with five minute data averages and hourly self tests The following table lists some of the factory default configurations which may need to be changed for your application See Section 6 for details about the settings Parameter Setting E SAMPLER 98
45. gitive dust e The unit should not be installed in unpaved areas unless year round vegetative ground cover is present to avoid the affects of re entrained fugitive dust 3 2 Fall Hazard and Security Cautions If the E Sampler is to be installed more than three meters above ground level then the tripod legs must be bolted down to prevent the unit from falling to the ground An accidental fall may cause major optical system damage requiring that the unit be returned to the factory for repairs In addition dropping the E Sampler from any height will cause a potential safety hazard for those below and may damage the unit beyond repair The E Sampler tripod should be secured to the mounting surface in windy conditions to prevent the unit from falling over even at ground level This is especially important in winds over 30 mph If bolt down is not possible then the tripod legs may be weighted down with sand bags or cinder blocks to secure the unit Wind or fall damage is not covered under warranty The E Sampler should be secured from theft or vandalism to the extent possible A limited access rooftop or a fenced lot are often good places to deploy the unit Solar panels and batteries are highly susceptible to theft and should be secured 3 3 Confined Sampling Locations Because of the portable and versatile nature of the unit the E Sampler is sometimes deployed in confined or non ambient locations to monitor localized particulate sources such a
46. he power source to the E Sampler and the computer will not be interrupted during the update process A power interruption may cause the E Sampler firmware to become inoperative If this happens the unit will have to be returned to the factory Be especially careful with laptops and USB serial converters to make sure the serial connection does not come loose for the same reason Run the Firmware Update Utility From the computer Start menu go to Programs Met One E Sampler E Sampler Master Program Installer The program will prompt you for the COMM port number Enter the number usually 1 and press ENTER to begin the update A Done message will be displayed at the end of the update process Execution time is approximately five to fifteen minutes The E Sampler can now be operated with the new firmware E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 56 10 ACCESSORIES and PARTS 10 1 Consumables Replacement Parts and Accessories The following parts are available from Met One for maintenance replacement service and upgrades If unsure about a part you need please contact the technical service department Some of these parts may require technical skills or special instructions before use or installation Description Part Number Graphic Flow System Components Sample Pump Module Assembly 80160 E Ta Flow Sensor E Sampler 9049 Ambient Temperature Thermistor and Harness a Za S Internal Filter RH Sensor 9 O OO Pu
47. ical Service representatives during normal business hours of 7 00 a m to 4 00 p m Pacific Standard Time Monday through Friday In addition technical information and service bulletins are often posted on our website Please contact us and obtain a Return Authorization RA number before sending any equipment back to the factory This allows us to track and schedule service work and to expedite customer service Phone 541 471 7111 Fax 541 471 7116 E Mail service metone com Web www metone com Address Technical Services Department Met One Instruments Inc 1600 NW Washington Blvd Grants Pass OR 97526 Warranty Products manufactured by Met One Instruments Inc are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 1 year from the date of shipment from the factory Products offered but not manufactured by Met One Instruments Inc will be warranted to the extent and in the manner guaranteed by the manufacturer of that product Any product found to be defective during the warranty period will be replaced or repaired and return freight prepaid at the expense of Met One Instruments Inc In no case shall the liability of Met One Instruments Inc exceed the purchase price of the product This warranty may not apply to products that have been subject to misuse negligence accident acts of nature or that have or modified other than by Met One Instruments Inc Consumable items such as bearings and batteries a
48. ications options Each connector has a different pin configuration to prevent plugging cables into the wrong connector The E Sampler will turn on automatically whenever a 12V power source is connected to the power input The E Sampler chassis ground lug should be connected to an earth ground with the supplied grounding cable whenever possible to reduce potential EMI RFI electrical noise in the unit EX 034 Wind F Speed Direction a Tie Sensor Input Mm Chassis Ground Lug gt _ lt DC Power Input relay output also External RH gt gt Sensor Input E Sampler connector layout 2 l l E 2 2 RS 232 Serial Port Pin Function Function Pin Function 3 EF 5 Le al lt _ RS 232 Comm Port analog output also a Pin Function Alarm Relay OUT Wind Speed Input 4 Temp Signal Input 4 Ground Common Shield 5 Baro Signal Input 5 Shield Analog Volt Output TCK S 7 TCK E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 12 2 5 Power Up and Starting Operation As soon as power is applied to the E Sampler the unit will boot up and display the ABOUT screen showing the firmware revision for a few seconds The ABOUT screen can also be viewed through the menu system The E Sampler will then default to the OPERATE screen as shown below The START SAMPLE key left white key must be pressed to start the unit runnin
49. ide the battery compartment is OPEN parallel to the tubing during normal operation If closed the E Sampler will still function normally but no purge air will circulate around the optics to keep them clean The laser diode has a finite lifetime which will be reduced at high temperatures It may eventually fail and need to be replaced at the factory Never disassemble the MD laser optical subassembly A K Factor multiplier must be established for good accuracy and correlation to collocated instruments The K Factor will sometimes be very significant such as a multiplier of 3 or 5 See Section 5 5 The E Sampler is calibrated on latex 0 6 micron micro spheres These provide an extremely consistent calibration but do not generally match the characteristics of ambient particulate The K Factor is only valid at the same site and for the same particulate type If the local particulate source changes the K Factor may no longer be valid The E Sampler TSP inlet is designed for low winds only High winds may cause a cut point in the TSP inlet itself Make sure the correct cyclone is used on the E Sampler The PM1o and PM25 cyclones look very similar The cyclone cut point must match the cut point used on any collocated instruments Clean the TSP inlet and any cyclones at least monthly Check the sample RH data and filter RH sensor operation High sample RH will cause E Sampler over reading The sensor itself can occasionally fail Check the
50. ier to correct the E Sampler real time concentration output The procedure for generating the K Factor is described below in Section 5 5 Selecting 47 mm Filter Material 47 mm filter discs of various materials and pore sizes can be selected depending on the desired laboratory analysis These filters are made by companies such as Whatman www whatman com and Millipore www millipore com among others Met One generally does not supply the filter discs The following table gives some basic usage overview for different filter mediums Additional research and material considerations will be required depending on your application Filter Medium Applications SEM analysis epifluorescent microscopy reflective light microscopy Polycarbonate sbestos monitoring chemotaxis parasitology cytology Nylon bioassays particle analysis Medical Grade PVC Jsilica analysis black carbon or quartz particulates Quartz Fiber gravimetric heavy metals Glass Fiber general purpose PM and PM25 gravimetric PTFE EPA standard for PM25 FRM gravimetric samplers E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 25 The 47 mm Filter Holder Cartridge and Filter Tray 5 3 The Airflow Control System Diagram and Description The flow control system is an integral component of the E Sampler A complete description is included to assist the user in understanding the E Sampler flow system 1 Ambient air is drawn in through the TSP inlet and the PM or PM2 5 cy
51. ilicon photodiode detector at a near forward angle and the resulting electronic signal is processed to determine a continuous real time measurement of airborne particulate mass The forward light scatter method allows for a more accurate total mass estimate compared to right angle light scatter which is better suited for counting and sizing individual particles Met One also manufactures a complete line of right angle particle counters Purge Air Particulate Scatter Collection Laser Trap Lenses Laser Diode Laser Beam Photo Diode MD Forward Light Scatter Laser Optical Engine E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 23 Forty detector measurements are made and averaged into an updated concentration value each second These 1 second values are temperature compensated using a factory set algorithm and averaged into the user selected data storage interval of 1 5 10 15 or 30 minutes The 1 second values are also displayed on the LCD and available on the analog output Clean air and particulate scatter conditions in the MD engine Sample RH Control for Light Scatter Mass The relative humidity RH of the sample air has an influence upon the measurement of particulate mass by nephelometers At RH values greater than about 50 this effect begins to increase due to particle aggregation and particle size increases as water is absorbed The E Sampler mitigates this through a heated inlet tube that uses an internal sample RH se
52. in Sampling Screen The E Sampler display shows the Sampling screen when the unit is in normal operation The active display area shows the current date and time the 1 second real time concentration and the current flow rate Also shown is the STOP SAMPLE indicator for the left soft key To view the rest of the instantaneous sensor parameters which do not all fit on the display at once press the down Vv arrow The date and time will remain at the top of the display at all times To view past data use the left lt arrow key to scroll back to previous data records There will be one complete data record for every real time average interval indicated by the time data stamp at the top of the screen For example if the real time average is set to 10 minutes then there will be a complete data record stored every 10 minutes as shown below Again you can use the W key to view the rest of the sensor parameters for that record Press the ESC key at any time to return to the current concentration sampling screen Scroll left lt 4 to view past data records 26 JUL 2011 16 50 00 CONC 0 011 MG M3 FLOW 2 0 LPM Visible display area showing current parameters 26 JUL 2011 16 50 00 26 JUL 2011 16 55 48 i AT 24 1 C AT 24 3 C BP 96950 PA BP 96950 PA Sa 36 Bue 34 Scroll down V to view l RH1 35 amp RH1 32 the other current sensor WS 0 0 M S WS 0 0 M S parameters WD 0 DEG WD 0 DEG BV 14 9 V BV 14
53. indows XP operating systems already contain the HyperTerminal program This section describes how to set up HyperTerminal for communication with the E Sampler 1 Connect the RS 232 port on the bottom of the E Sampler to your computer or laptop Com 1 serial port using the supplied serial cable A USB adapter may be required for laptops 2 Open HyperTerminal Usually located in the Programs Accessories Communications directory The program will ask you to type a name for the connection Type E Sampler or another name of your choice then click OK 3 The Connect To window will open Select COM1 or another serial port if used from the drop down menu in the Connect using field Click OK Note You could also set up the program to dial the E Sampler through a modem in this window 4 The COM1 Properties window will open Set the following values in the drop down menus then click Apply and OK Bits per second 9600 set to match E Sampler setting Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow control None 5 The main HyperTerminal connection window should now be open Press the ENTER carriage return key three times The E Sampler should respond with an asterisk command prompt indicating that the terminal program has established communication with the unit Once communication is established retrieve the desired files from the E Sampler using the appropriate AutoMet ASCII com
54. ion measurements Use the lt P keys to select the desired value and the V key to change the value Press SAVE to save the changes or EXIT to leave without changes The RANGE setting sets the full scale range of the E Sampler analog output The range can be set to 0 5 1 10 or 65 mg m Setting the RANGE to a higher setting will reduce the resolution of the analog output since the output voltage is spread over the whole range of the instrument A default of 10 mg m3 is recommended Note The E Sampler digital data system is auto ranging and this setting does not affect the 65mg range or resolution of the unit The CONC UNITS setting establishes whether the concentration values are stored in memory in units of milligrams per cubic meter mg m or micrograms per cubic meter ug m This setting E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 32 only affects the position of the decimal point in the data It does not affect the resolution accuracy or scaling of the measurements The K FACTOR setting is the user set slope correction multiplier which is applied to all concentration measurements This is used to correct the E Sampler concentration readings to compensate for mass errors caused by variations in the characteristics of the local particulate Note The K Factor should only be changed in response to a careful comparison test using the built in E Sampler gravimetric filter system or to match a collocated FRM or FEM particulate instru
55. ip line of any overhanging trees e There should be at least a 270 degree arc of unrestricted airflow around the inlet The predominant direction of concentration movement should be included in the arc E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 14 Artificial Particulate Sources To avoid possible errors in the concentration measurements the inlet must be located as far as possible from any artificial sources of particulate such as blowers vents or air conditioners on a rooftop Especially if any of these types of devices blow air across the inlet of the E Sampler Even sources of filtered air must not blow across the inlet Spacing from Roadways The E Sampler should usually not be located directly next to a major highway or arterial roadway as vehicle exhaust will dominate the concentration measurement This effect can be difficult to predict accurately as shifting winds may direct the plume toward or away from the inlet An obvious exception would intentional roadside particulate studies e Roads with a daily traffic volume of less than 3 000 vehicles are generally not considered major sources of pollutants and in this case the E Sampler should be located at least five meters from the nearest traffic lane e The E Sampler should be located at least 25 meters from any elevated roadway greater than five meters high e The unit should be located as far as possible from unpaved roadways as these also cause artificial measurements from fu
56. is to be collocated with other particulate instruments such as FRM filter type samplers or BAM units then the air inlet must be the same height as the inlet of the other samplers within one meter vertically Within one foot is preferred e lf the E Sampler inlet is the highest point on a building then lightning rods must be installed to prevent destruction of the unit during electrical storms Inlet Radius Clearance e The E Sampler inlet should have a one meter radius free of any objects that may influence airflow characteristics including the inlet of another instrument e If aE Sampler is to be collocated at a station along with BAM or FRM samplers the inlets of each sampler must be no less than one meter apart from each other and no more than four meters apart Two meter inlet spacing is recommended where possible e If installed near a PMi9 Hi Volume sampler then the distance between the inlet of the E Sampler and the Hi Vol must be no less than two meters e The E Sampler inlet should be located away from obstructions such as short walls fences and penthouses so that the inlet is unobstructed for two meters in all directions whenever possible In some E Sampler applications this may not be entirely possible e lf located beside a major obstruction Such as a building then the distance between the E Sampler and the building should be equal to twice the height of the building e The inlet should be at least 20 meters from the dr
57. istor bead located in the bottom of the enclosure and a such is not particularly accurate compared to solar shielded or aspirated sensors An accuracy of 2 degrees C is adequate for flow control purposes E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 36 7 2 Ambient Pressure Calibration The CALIBRATE BP screen is used for field audits or calibrations of the ambient barometric pressure measurement of the E Sampler The E SAM parameter is the current reading from the E Sampler pressure sensor The REF parameter is where you can enter the correct value from your traceable pressure standard using the arrow keys You may need to convert units if your standard outputs millimeters of mercury mmHg The E SAM value should change to match the REF value when you press the CALIBRATE soft key The DEFAULT soft key can be pressed to clear out all previous field calibrations and restore the factory calibration for the sensor Use this if difficulty is encountered during the calibration Press ESC to escape without changes 7 3 External RH Sensor Calibration The CALIBRATE RH screen is used for field audits or calibrations of the optional EX 593 external relative humidity measurement of the E Sampler The E SAM parameter is the current reading from the E Sampler external RH sensor The REF parameter is where you can enter the correct value from your traceable humidity standard using the arrow keys The E SAM value should change to match the REF value
58. le volume For example if the clean filter weighed 77 643 mg and the dirty filter weighed 78 345 mg then the total particulate mass on the filter would be 78 345 minus 77 643 or 0 702 mg If the total sample volume was 13 728 cubic meters then the filter total concentration would be 0 702 mg divided by 13 728 m or 0 051 mg m 10 Calculate the K Factor as the 47 mm filter total concentration divided by the E Sampler total light scatter concentration For example if the filter total concentration was 0 051 mg m3 and the E Sampler total concentration was 0 038 mg m3 then the K Factor would be 0 051 divided by 0 038 or 1 342 Program the calculated K Factor into the E Sampler SETUP gt CONCENTRATION menu See section 7 3 The E Sampler will multiply all stored and subsequent concentration measurements by the K Factor The resulting corrected concentrations are stored in memory shown on the LCD and scaled on the analog output Example Overview E Sampler Sample Event Time 120 Hours 5 days E Sampler Flow Rate 120 liters per hour 2 0 lpm 0 12 m hr E Sampler Self Test Interval no flow Hourly 2 8 minutes per hour Self Test Flow Correction 5 6 Liters per hour 672 liters over 5 days E Sampler Total Sample Flow Volume 13 728 cubic meters eee E De E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 30 6 SETUP MENU DESCRIPTIONS The E Sampler has a system of setup menus which contain all of the settings and parameters
59. lues for the entire sample period Evaluate the E Sampler total flow over the sample period First check the flow values in the downloaded data for proper 2 0 Ipm regulation The E Sampler data does not record the sample volume so you must calculate it If the E Sampler ran for five days 120 hours then the nominal sample volume would be 2 0 lpm times 60 min hr times 120 hours This equals 14 400 liters or 14 4 cubic meters of nominal sample volume However you must also compensate for the fact that the sample stops for about 2 8 minutes each time the automatic self test ran during the timed sample For example If the E Sampler was set to hourly self test then 2 8 minutes of each hour would not have flow going through the 47 mm filter This amounts to 2 0 lom times 2 8 minutes or 5 6 liters of air per hour So if the sample ran for five days 120 hours then 5 6 liters per hour times 120 hours equals 672 liters The corrected total sample volume would then be 14 400 672 equals 13 728 liters or 13 728 cubic meters Note 1 cubic meter equals 1000 cubic liters E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 29 9 Use the change in mass results from the gravimetric filter analysis the difference between the clean and dirty filter weight in mg and the total sample flow volume m through the filter to calculate the concentration of particulate on the 47 mm filter in mg m The concentration is calculated as total mass divided by total samp
60. ly without an external temperature sensor 47 mm filter holder A 47 mm filter holder cartridge assembly must be installed in the filter sampler position at all times in order to seal the flow system Pull down the spring loaded filter clamp lever on the front of the unit to insert or remove the filter holder Note The filter holder does not need to have filter disc installed in it for real time nephelometer operation unless collection of the sample dust is desired The backing screen disc may be left in the holder If a filter disc is installed it must be removed after an appropriate amount of time If forgotten it will continue to collect dust until the flow system cannot continue to function See section 5 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 10 9441 TSP Cap included SCC 110 PM 0 SCC 112 PM Optional Cyclone T Heated Inlet Assembly included 12 EX 034 Wind Sensor optional E SAMPLER 11 Total Height 78 PMio PM25 74 TSP 9170 Tripod optional 48 9438 2 AC to 12 VDC Power Supply included j Standard E SAMPLER Configuration Not to scale Some items simplified for clarity 41 triangular tripod footprint E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 11 2 4 Electrical Connections The standard E Sampler has a set of weatherproof connectors on the bottom of the unit These connectors provide the connections for the power supply external sensors and commun
61. m E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 18 4 E SAMPLER USER INTERFACE and MENU SYSTEM This section describes the E Sampler user interface system and describes the functions of the main menu options including how to view data and errors 4 1 The User Interface Keypad and Display Functions The E Sampler user interface consists of a 4x20 character liquid crystal display LCD and a dynamic keypad The two white keys under the display are called soft keys These are dynamic keys which change in response to a menu option displayed directly above the key on the bottom row of the display The function of these keys depends on which menu is shown on the display and are often used for functions such as SAVE and EXIT The four red arrow cursor keys are used to scroll up down left and right to navigate in the menu system and to select items or change fields on the screen The arrow keys are also often used to change parameters or increment decrement values in the menu system The right arrow key can be used to wake up the display if it has turned off to save power The MENU SELECT key is used to enter the main menu or to select an item in a list The ESC key is used to escape or exit out of a menu E SAMPLER PARTICULATE MONITOR 47 mm FILTER 2 PULL OUT PUMP PURGE Ay RULLDOWN FILTER FILTER E Sampler User Interface and Front Panel E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 19 4 2 Using the Ma
62. mands shown in the next section Note When using the advanced lt ESC gt escape commands through a terminal program you do not need to send asterisks to establish the connection first 6 HyperTerminal will only display a few lines of data in the window To capture the files first select Transfer gt Capture Text from the drop down menu Select a location for the file then click the Start button Retrieve the desired files and HyperTerminal will automatically E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 51 store them to the text file as they are downloaded Click the Stop button in the same drop down menu to stop the text capture when finished 7 When you exit HyperTerminal it will ask if you want to save your connection Click Yes and a file named E Sampler ht or other connection name will be created in the HyperTerminal folder which will have all of the communication settings saved You can use this connection for future communications with the unit Importing the raw text file into a spreadsheet The data saved in a text file from a terminal download can be viewed by simply opening the text file However the data is often hard to view in the raw text format due to the comma separated layout of the data fields The easiest way to analyze the data is to import it as a csv file into a spreadsheet program such as Excel 1 Open the text data file located in the directory you selected for the text capture 2
63. mation about the alarms as described above only in the following format E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 41 E Sampler Alarm Log Report OZ AVG 7 Oui Was 2S 2 SN M4573 ZO NON 2 Os OWE e Olea Ce ecm Orns O oe Ohare ZO NOV 2 0103 roaka Ser pens 246 2S aie ZO SNOW ZOS 70 05 Eilow railed Serot 12 0 Miktow a A ZO NOY Zoe 00 Low battery 9 46 In each case the alarm log record indicates the time and date of the error and the specific parameter which generated the alarm The measured value of the parameter compared to the acceptable limits is also recorded where applicable 8 2 Contact Closure Alarm Relay Output The E Sampler has a single channel contact closure alarm relay output available This is used to signal an external datalogger that the E sampler has encountered an unspecified error The relay contacts are located on the main E Sampler power input connector pins 3 and 4 so you will need a special power cable which has a break out for the relay wires as the standard power cables do not The two relay contacts are normally closed shorted together when the E Sampler is operating correctly and will open up whenever an error occurs The relay is rated for up to 100Vpc 0 5A max The relay output is very rarely used The only alarm flags which do not activate the relay output are the BATTERY WARNING and POWER OUTAGE 8 3 Basic Problem and Cause Solution Table The following table contains
64. ment See section 5 5 for details about how to establish a K Factor Typical determined K Factor values for normal air may vary largely depending on particulate type The factor can be set to any value between 0 1 and 10 0 If a local K Factor is not established leave the value set to 1 000 and the raw concentrations will not be effected multiplier of 1 Use a K Factor of 1 000 whenever relative concentrations are appropriate for the application 6 4 The SAMPLING MODE Setup Screen Continuous or Timed Sampling The SETUP gt SAMPLING MODE screen is used to set the E Sampler for either CONTINUOUS or TIMED sampling operation Use the arrow keys and SAVE key to select the desired mode Continuous operation will cause the instrument to run and log data in an uninterrupted manner and is often used when real time concentration data with no filter collection is desired Timed operation allows the user to schedule a timed sampling event starting at a specified time and is often used when a filter sample is to be collected by the instrument in addition to the real time data collection If TIMED is selected the schedule screen will appear as shown below right Use the arrow keys to set the desired START AT date and time for the event Use the key to move to the DURATION field and use the arrow keys to set the duration for the event in days hours and minutes The duration can be set as high as 99 days 23 hours 59 minutes Be sure to press the S
65. modems satellite transmitters and TCP IP addressable Ethernet modems are also available for the E Sampler Because these technologies are always changing they are handled on a custom basis Contact Met One for details E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 50 9 4 Comet Data Retrieval Software The E Sampler is supplied with a CD containing a free copy of the Comet program which is a simple Windows based communications terminal program developed by Met One Instruments This is the recommended method for all E Sampler data retrieval since Comet allows the user to easily download the data logs error logs and settings files from the E Sampler without having to know any of the underlying communications protocols The Comet CD also contains a very comprehensive pdf user s manual for the program Install the program onto the computer that you will be using for data retrieval and review the manual for complete data examples Comet replaces the obsolete TUS Terminal Utility Software program Note If you use the Comet software for routine E Sampler data retrieval you will not need to use or understand any of the terminal program setups AutoMet commands or escape commands shown in the rest of this manual subsection 9 5 Downloading Data Using HyperTerminal E Sampler data can also be easily downloaded through the serial port using HyperTerminal or other simple terminal programs Most PCs running Microsoft Windows 95 through W
66. mp Filter Holder Black Aluminum 893 Purge Air Filter 0 2 micron 580302 47 mm Filters Quartz Fiber 100 Pack 460139 47 mm Filter Cartridge Holder and Tray Door 80398 Inlet Components PM25 Sharp Cut Cyclone 2 LPM SCC 112 PM1o Sharp Cut Cyclone 2 LPM SCC 110 PM Sharp Cut Cyclone 2 LPM SCC 111 TSP Sampling Inlet Harsh environment with insect screen and rain cap Cross arm Clamp 3 3 x Aluminum Mounts cross arms to the E Sampler tripod 1539 18 Cross arm 3 4 18 long Aluminum Tube Meteorological Sensors Wind Speed and Wind Direction Combination Sensor For use with E BAM and E SAMPLER With 191 1 cross arm kit and 9249 cable E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 57 Ambient Relative Humidity Sensor Kit with 9249 cable and 9427 cable junction box Miscellaneous Accessories Lithium Battery Memory Backup E Sampler Main Circuit Board Stack Assembly LCD Display E Sampler 4x20 Character 701735 call Met One technical service Pole Mount Bracket for E Sampler 9425 Mounts the unit enclosure to a mast post wall or other vertical surface Battery 12V 12aH Lead Acid Yuasa NP 12 12 390048 Internal Battery Harness Fused 94233 Fuse For Internal Battery Harness 5 Amp 590807 Power Supply E Sampler 100 240V AC input 9438 2 15V DC output Weatherproof Solar Power Kit 160W 3 7 minimum PSH 730139 Solar Power Kit 240W 2 5 minimum PSH 73
67. n the digital data log as a code number in the data array The following table describes each of the error and alarm types which can be generated by the E Sampler along with the conditions which cause the alarms Many of these alarms indicate critical parameters which must be working correctly for machine operation Alarm Error Alarm Description Message This alarm message indicates that the E Sampler power has been cycled off and then back on This can mean that there was a power failure or that someone simply unplugged the unit to turn it off The E Sampler alarm display will show OFF time indicating how long the POWER OUTAGE power was off and ON time indicating how long the power was on before the power failure A second type of power alarm can be shown on the display as a COP RESET This means Computer Operating Properly and will only occur when the E Sampler firmware is flash updated by the user This is normal and does not indicate a failure This alarm indicates that there was an internal SPI bus failure preventing the CPU from INTERNAL COMM communicating with the I O board for 10 seconds or more The time and date of the error DOWN will be displayed The E Sampler will stop operation until internal communication is restored If these errors occur regularly you will need to contact Met One Refer to the Laser Current Logic section Occurs when the MD engine laser current is out of range The alarm is cleared when the laser cur
68. nsi i 33 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 2 10 6 6 he RE COntol Seltip Sirenene Giri ecards Scie ottarain A A anna Maat A 34 6 7 The SELF TEST Setup Screen Zero and Span Settings ec cccecscccceesseecceesssseeeeeensaes 34 6 8 The COMMUNICATION Setup Screen i cccccccccccccccsssssscceccceesesssseescecesesssseeeececeeseestseeeeees 35 09 The STATION ID Setup SCN ieina a E 35 6 10 The ENGINEERING UNITS Setup SGre onuda ia ia a iT 35 CALIBRATE MENU FIELD CALIBRATIONS oseesssscccccssocccceessocccccessococccesssoccceseso 36 7 1 Ambient Temperature Calibration eeeeeeeeseeseereesesssrrrrrsssssrrrrrsrsssrrrerressssrrreetrsserrrereessserrrreeessesree 36 7 2 Ambient Pressure Calibration ccccccssssccssnsesssccssssecssnecsssnecssenevsnsnessnenessnanecsnasesseeeeesseeeesnees 37 7 3 Extena RA Sensor Calibration cceissccessseceichaseicessedoctedienadeevicdedasileiniessadeciabeastacenndeceatlawe neu A aE 37 TA Fow SERSOF Calibra OM saes tad Giacgxi achaestaceeeaetn eels O Ae 38 7 5 DAC Calibration Analog Output Adjustment ec cccescccccessseeeceeessseeceeesssseeceeessseeeeeeensaes 38 7 6 Leak Test Calibration CHeCKS cc ccccccssssccssnecsssecesssecsssnecssetecssenessnesessnenessnenessnasesseaeeeseneeesnees 39 MAINTENANCE and TROUBLESHOOTING ooeesssscccccssscccccessococcesssocccceesosoceceesosoe 40 8 1 E Sampler Alarm Displays Alarm Logs and Alarm Code
69. nside the battery tray of the E Sampler red positive black negative Route the fish tape strap around the back of the battery and slide the battery into the tray Do not ship or transport the unit with the battery installed See Section 3 5 for battery operation notes The fuse is Met One 590807 5 amp E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 9 Internal battery and 3620 PCB battery harness connection 5 AC Power Supply If the E Sampler is to be operated on AC line voltage install the included power supply Bolt it to one of the legs of the tripod with the included U bolts Plug the power supply output cable into the DC power input on the bottom of the E Sampler When the power supply is plugged into AC power the E Sampler will turn itself on automatically This power supply is also used to charge the optional internal 12 volt battery Note If the E Sampler is to be powered by an external battery or solar system then these items will plug into the E Sampler power input instead of the standard power supply See Section 3 5 ee a 2 Optional Met Sensors If the E Sampler is supplied with other optional ambient sensors such as ambient RH EX 593 then this sensor may be attached to the optional tripod with a cross arm kit Plug the sensor into the temperature sensor input on the bottom of the unit Note The E Sampler has a built in medium accuracy ambient temperature bead in the bottom of the case and can operate volumetrical
70. nsor The RH of the incoming air is measured and the inlet heater is turned on whenever the user set setpoint is exceeded typically 50 RH See Section 6 6 A study in Atmospheric Environment showed that RH can drastically effect the concentration measurement as shown in the graph below from volume 34 pp 4829 4838 2000 The following article references also contain related information Volume 35 Issue 30 Oct 2001 Aerosol Light Scattering Measurements as a Function of Relative Humidity Malm Day Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns in Light Scattering Extinction and Relative Humidity Malm Gebhart Copeland Volume 35 Issue 16 June 2001 Estimates of Aerosol Species Scattering Characteristics as a Function of Relative Humidity Malm Day 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Relative Humidity From Sioutas C et al Almos Envir Vol 34 pp 4829 4638 2000 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 24 Automatic Zero and Span Self Tests for the Optical System To assure stable concentration data the E Sampler performs optical system zero and span self tests at a user selected periodic rate of 15 minutes 1 hour 2 hours 12 hours or 24 hours See Section 6 7 A separate zero air pump activates and circulates clean air through the optical system The E sampler filters the air through a 0 2 micron pore size 99 99 efficient filter element before it enters the sensor This is the PURGE FILTER located
71. nter gt _ PFS WFx C WFx C RD 05 10 01 WD 05 10 01 WD 05 10 01 RT RT 09 08 02 WT 09 08 02 WT 09 08 02 If an lt Esc gt h command is sent through the E Sampler serial port the following escape command help menu will be output This lists the common escape commands E Sampler lt Esc gt Help Menu ESC PERE REENE oote Engo ELES LESC PE T Prini leee n recorde O eae oe ies aea lt ESC gt PF3 7 Pome tase M records on Alkarmm data lt ESC gt PF4 PP eine basin TM beCOLa gt s Of oer hest date SO SIRI Report model and firmware version lt ESC gt RD TRS A Date Mil DID ve aise Rl gt Read Time HH mm ss lt ESC gt WD PoC Dare MMDD ya lt ESC gt WT gt Set Time HH mm ss lt ESC gt WFx C Clear file x memory 2 AutoMet file 9 Alam fake SeN aleet irks One of the more useful escape commands is the lt Esc gt PFE which outputs the E Sampler settings file as shown below This is similar to the settings files in the BAM 1020 or E BAM instruments E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 55 9 8 F Sampler EEPROM Report QZ AUG 2011 093358324 Master 36939 01 R1 19 3 Slave 3694 01 R1 16 SerialNum M4373 LogPeriod 900 Sec ConcRange 2 0 10 mg m3 DacRange OQ 1 0 V K Factor s 1 000 SampleMode CONTINUOUS tTime tarts 1312221600 QIL AWG 201L11 18 300 00 TimeDur 43200 Sec FlowSetPt 2200 PM SeLrlrestPervod SOU See Baud 5 9600 Station lp 1 pngrUnitss L METRIC ConcUnitss MG M3 IGain 700 PG
72. on the harshness of the local conditions and the data validation requirements established by the sampling program administrator and your resulting standard operating procedures SOP Note The E Sampler temperature pressure and leak status should always be checked before any flow calibrations are performed since the flow calculation is dependent on these parameters The CALIBRATE menu is located in the main E Sampler menu Use the arrow keys to select CALIBRATE option in the main menu then press the MENU SELECT key to enter the menu Use the A V keys to select the desired sub menu and press the SELECT key again to enter The top CALIBRATE menu is shown below CALIBRATE DAC BLEAK TEST 7 1 Ambient Temperature Calibration The CALIBRATE AT screen is used for field audits or calibrations of the ambient temperature measurement of the E Sampler The E SAM parameter is the current reading from the E Sampler temperature sensor The REF parameter is where you can enter the correct value from your traceable temperature standard using the arrow keys The E SAM value should change to match the REF value when you press the CALIBRATE soft key The DEFAULT soft key can be pressed to clear out all previous field calibrations and restore the factory calibration for the sensor Use this if difficulty is encountered during the calibration Press ESC to escape without changes Note The E Sampler ambient temperature sensor is an unshielded therm
73. over the tab on the top of the tripod Insert the supplied 14 20 bolt through the tab on the bottom of the E Sampler and through the hole in the body of the tripod Secure it with the supplied washers and nut This prevents the E Sampler from falling or shifting on the tripod 3 Site the tripod an a surface that is as level as possible The tripod feet may be secured to the ground or mounting surface with bolts screws or tent pegs if necessary Secure the tripod in windy conditions 2 3 Setting Up the E Sampler Set up the rest of the E Sampler hardware items and accessories as described below 1 Installing the inlet heater assembly The E Sampler may be shipped with the inlet heater assembly disconnected for easier packing Connect the heater power harness to the mating connector coming out of the top of the E Sampler Slip the inlet tube and heater assembly onto the top of the E Sampler Make sure that the inner aluminum inlet tube is seated fully into the receiver inside the top of the E Sampler You may need to loosen the E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 8 waterproof fitting at the top of the heater assembly in order to seat the inlet tube correctly Align the three holes in the base of the plastic heater body with the threaded holes in the flange on top of the E Sampler and fasten with three 6 32 socket head screws and lock washers as provided Tighten the waterproof fitting on top of the heater assembly securely to prevent leaks
74. ple pump This is a brushless diaphragm pump which is pulse width modulated PWM by the CPU to control the flow rate Most of the sample air exhausts through the pump to the exhaust fitting on the bottom of the E Sampler A small amount about 10 of the pump exhaust is recirculated through a simple purge adjust valve T fitting with a screw installed in one of the ports This purge adjust is factory set to control the ratio of the purge air and should not be tampered with The purge air passes through the purge filter which removes any remaining particles larger than 0 2 microns in size then passes through the open manual purge shutoff valve The purge air enters the laser optical module in a ring around the detector lenses and through a port in front of the laser focus lens The clean air circulating past the lenses greatly reduces the amount of dirty sample air which would otherwise contact and contaminate the optics E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 26 Note The purge shutoff valve must be open during normal operation If left closed during sampling the purge air system will be disabled and the optics will get dirty much faster The valve is located in the battery compartment and is closed by the operator during leak checks 10 During the zero portion of the automatic periodic self test cycle the main sample pump is turned off and the purge pump is turned on The air is filtered by the purge filter and circulated through th
75. r the E Sampler will respond with a help menu containing the AutoMet command set descriptions E Sampler Help Menu 2 Report all AutoMet data 3 Report new AutoMet data 4 2 Report last AutoMet data Report model and firmware version Poco ESC elo menu E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 52 Command CSFunction S O Prints all records in the E Sampler data log file This can be a large file Prints the last record in the data log file only The newest data array record Identifies unit firmware info Example E Sampler 3693 01 R1 19 3 Returns the escape command set descriptions See below The following is an example of the data response from the E Sampler after a 2 command all data records was sent to the unit The report starts with a printout of the time and date of the download and the station ID and serial number of the E Sampler Then a data header row is printed which defines each of the columns in the data field The column are separated by commas to make it easy to import the data into a spreadsheet or to parse out data fields in an automatic data collection system Each column is a certain data parameter Each row is one complete data record consisting of all stored parameters a ra Prints all new records in the E Sampler data log file since the last data download OoOo 4 In this example the average period is set to 15 minutes so there was a complete record stored to memory ever
76. re not covered under this warranty Other than the warranty set forth herein there shall be no other warranties whether expressed implied or statutory including warranties of fitness or merchantability E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 4 1 3 About the E Sampler Two Instruments in One The Met One Instruments Inc model E Sampler is a type of nephelometer which automatically measures and records real time airborne PM10 PM2 5 or TSP particulate concentration levels using the principle of forward laser light scatter In addition the E Sampler has a built in 47 mm filter sampler which can optionally be used to collect the particulate for subsequent gravimetric mass or laboratory evaluation The E Sampler combines the excellent real time response of a nephelometer with the accuracy and traceability of a low flow manual gravimetric sampler Detailed descriptions of the E Sampler measurement modes can be found in Section 5 Laser Light Scatter System Sample air is drawn into the E Sampler and through the laser optical module where the particulate in the sample air stream scatters the laser light through reflective and refractive properties This scattered light is collected onto a photodiode detector at a near forward angle and the resulting electronic signal is processed to determine a continuous real time measurement of airborne particulate mass concentrations Gravimetric Filter Sampler System After the sample air stream has
77. reading minus the previous average reading 24 OCT 2008 01 34 19 SOLENOID ERROR RANGE 0 10 MG M3 VALUE 00 0000 MG M3 Post event to Alarm Log ee vese Set the Self Test alarm flag No y Start Pre Sample process 1 Purge pump OFF q 2 Sample pump ON Wait for 30 seconds for flow to settle i Start Sample process 1 Un hold flow reading 2 Un hold concentration en of cess E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 48 Start E Sampler y Reset laser failure alarm flag E Sampler running No End of process IOP is laser current Take IOP reading IOP gt 25 mA or A No IOP lt 11 mA for 5 Minutes Yes v Reset laser failure alarm flag at the Self N If laser failure ee flag FALSE Test period Yes y Post event to Alarm log 24 OCT 2008 01 34 13 Set laser failure alarm flag LASER FAILURE ALARM 25 0 MA VALUE 26 3 MA E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 49 9 DATA RETRIEVAL and COMMUNICATIONS This section describes the methods used to retrieve data files from the E Sampler The unit has an RS 232 two way serial port which handles all digital data transfer and may be used with a local computer laptop or digital datalogger The serial port can also be used for remote communications
78. rent is within range Refer to the Self Test Event logic section Occurs during the Self Test event when the MD ERROR engine output is out of range The alarm is cleared when the next event does not fail Refer to the Self Test logic section Occurs during the Self Test event when the MD engine ERROR output stability is out of range The alarm is cleared when the next event does not fail This occurs when communication is lost to the digital pressure sensor A failed pressure sensor is forced to read 101306 Pa or 29 9 inHg This alarm indicates that the flow system is more than 5 out of regulation for more than 5 minutes The alarm display will show the actual flow rate and the time and date of the error BATTERY The BATTERY WARNING occurs if the input voltage drops below 11 2 volts and clears WARNING when the voltage restores to above 11 7 volts BATTERY FAILED occurs if the voltage or drops below 10 5 volts and clears when the voltage restores to above 11 7 volts The time BATTERY FAILED and date of the error will be displayed along with the actual voltage DETECTOR ERROR Refer to the Self Test Event logic Occurs during the Self Test event when the MD engine output is out of range The alarm is cleared when the next event does not fail SOLENOID ERROR Refer to the Self Test Event logic section Occurs during the Self Test event when the MD engine output is out of range The alarm is cleared when the next event does not fail E SAMPLER 9800 Manu
79. rface with 4x20 character LCD display and dynamic keypad Power Consumption 0 35 amps 4 2 Watts running with inlet heater off Operating Temperature 10 to 50 C Ambient Temperature Sensor Range 30 to 50 C Analog Voltage Output 0 1 0 2 5 or 0 5 volt DC output User set range with 1 second real time output Serial Interface RS 232 2 way serial port for PC datalogger or modem communications Alarm Contact Closure Normally closed contact closure relay output Contact rating 0 5A 100V DC max Compatible Software Comet included Air Plus terminal programs such as HyperTerminal Alarm Reporting Available through serial port data files display and relay output Memory 4369 data logger records 182 days 1 record hr 3 days 1 record min Factory Service Interval 24 Months typical under continuous use in normal ambient air Mounting Options Pole or wall mount bracket standard Optional EX 905 tripod recommended Unit Weight 6 4 kg 14 lbs without tripod battery or optional accessories 65cm high 27cm wide 16 5cm deep 25 5 x 10 5 x 6 5 With inlet assembly Specifications may be subject to change without notice E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 6 2 E SAMPLER SETUP and STARTUP The E Sampler is designed for rapid deployment and easy setup by a single person in less than 15 minutes in most applications This section describes the basic assembly setup and sta
80. rt up of the instrument 2 1 Standard and Optional Accessories When unpacking a new E Sampler verify that the contents are undamaged If the shipping cartons are damaged notify the carrier immediately Verify that the included accessories are correct and complete If anything is missing contact the technical service department at service metone com or 541 471 7111 See the Accessories section at the back of this manual for more details The normal configuration of the E Sampler is supplied with the following standard accessories Weatherproof universal AC to 12VDC power supply 47 mm filter holder cartridge COMET data acquisition software Weatherproof TSP inlet with debris screen Serial communications cable Instruction manual Internal fused battery harness 3 16 Allen wrench Pole wall mounting bracket The following optional accessories may or may not also be included depending on the order EX 905 Aluminum Tripod Sharp Cut Cyclone for PM 5 PM25 or PM cut points EX 034 Wind Speed and Wind Direction sensor EX 593 Ambient RH Sensor Internal Battery 12V 12aH External DC power cable for batteries or solar systems Extra 47 mm filter holders or filters Modem Kits for phone line cell radio or satellite telemetry Solar power kits usually drop shipped from the solar manufacturer 2 2 Mounting Options Custom Pole or Wall Mounting The E Sampler can be mounted to a pole mast or wall using the in
81. s tunnels mines quarries shopping malls train stations etc Each of these applications are unique and present various challenges We recommend that you contact a Met One Service representative to determine the suitability of the unit if you plan a custom deployment like this In any case the safety of those around the unit is paramount and the protection of the unit from damage is very important E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 15 3 4 Smoke and Ash Monitoring A primary design use for the standard E Sampler is for tracking smoke and ash plumes from wildfires prescribed burns agricultural burns and even volcanic activity In these cases the unit is often sited at the outskirts of a populated area in the expected path of the smoke plume The unit is usually equipped with the optional EX 034 wind speed and direction sensor for these applications in order to correlate changing wind patterns with particulate events The wind sensor is plug and play and only requires an extended cross arm for the tripod mount The EX 034 will need to be oriented to the north for accurate wind direction measurements High concentration monitoring presents special considerations The optical system in the E Sampler will become dirty at a faster rate with more frequent factory service required In addition the internal purge air and pump protection filters will need more frequent replacement and any 47 mm filters in the sampler system will need to be r
82. seeeecceeeessnseeeeceeeeessssaeeeeees 51 9 6 AutoMet Data Retrieval Commands Through the Serial Port sesseessesssssssesesssessrssssesrrssserreesss 52 9 7 Advanced Communications Escape COMMAMNAS ccceccccccccceesssssseeecccecesssseeseeeceseessteeeeeees 54 96 Hl sh Firmware Upgrados soscar T E E dated Rees 56 ACCESSORIES aNd PARTS avcccissesececcsisesscaiechectesistecesvasousiuacesescuseseectisevecsssusteasteesecovsasea 57 10 1 Consumables Replacement Parts and Accessories eeeeeeeseeereessssrrrrrrrssesrrrrrrrsssrrrrrressseren 57 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 3 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 About This Manual This document is organized with the most important information grouped together for easy reference by the user All E Sampler owners and operators should read and understand the sections on installation setup and field calibrations Other sections that provide in depth information on subjects such as theory diagnostics accessories and alternate settings provide valuable information which should be consulted as needed Electronic versions of this manual are also available 1 2 Technical Service and Warranty This manual is structured by customer feedback to provide the required information for setup operation testing maintaining and troubleshooting your E Sampler unit Should you still require support after consulting your printed documentation we encourage you to contact one of our expert Techn
83. ts are available These are usually drop shipped directly from the manufacturer and work in most but not all areas and applications However it is often preferable to contact your local solar shop and have your own array built locally based on your exact needs Warning Never connect a solar panel directly to the E Sampler power input Never connect the E Sampler to a solar power kit without first connecting the batteries to the solar kit Immediate over voltage damage to the E Sampler circuit boards can result Solar panels output a high DC voltage during sunlight hours beyond their nominal voltage Even a solar charge controller may output higher voltages if not connected to a battery A bank of external E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 17 batteries is always required when using a solar array to ensure function during the night and cloudy weather The solar panels must be wired to charge these batteries through an appropriate charge controller The E Sampler runs off of the solar system battery array only The E Sampler will only tolerate 10 to 16 VDC input The solar power setup will require a 9638 DC battery power cable which plugs into the main power connector on the bottom of the unit The internal battery if used should be removed from the E Sampler if a solar power kit is to be used E E Sampler Solar Panel Array Solar Charge ri Controller Simplified E Sampler Solar System Diagra
84. u for the E Sampler All of the calibrations and tests in this menu are described in Section 7 ALARM LOG This menu option allows you to quickly view the error log entries in the E Sampler without having to download the digital data The screen will display the type of error as well as the time and date when the error occurred Scroll through the error records using the lt P arrow keys Press the MENU SELECT key to return to the main menu See Section 8 1 for a description of the possible error and alarm types MEMORY This menu option displays the amount of memory left in the E Sampler digital data system as shown below To erase the memory press the CLEAR key Use the arrow keys to select either the DATA LOGGER or ALARM LOG then press the CLEAR key again The unit will show a CAUTION screen If you are sure you want to erase the selected log press the YES key CAUTION Once the data log or the error log is cleared the data can never be recovered E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 21 ABOUT This menu option displays the E Sampler firmware version and revision as shown in the example below The up down arrow keys may be pressed to change which firmware version is shown The E Sampler has two separate firmware files One is for the master CPU and the other is for the 3610 I O control board Press the MENU SELECT key to return to the main menu Note If the ESC key is pressed while the E Sampler is displaying the ABOUT screen the
85. unit will prompt the user for a password This is for entry into an advanced factory test menu Do not enter this system unless instructed to do so by a Met One technician E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 22 5 E SAMPLER MEASUREMENT METHOD The Met One Instruments Inc model E SAMPLER is a type of nephelometer which automatically measures and records real time airborne PMi9 PM2 5 or TSP particulate concentration levels using the principle of forward laser light scatter In addition the E SAMPLER has a built in 47mm filter sampler which can optionally be used to collect the particulate for subsequent gravimetric mass or laboratory evaluation The E Sampler combines the excellent real time response of a nephelometer with the accuracy and traceability of a manual gravimetric sampler This section describes the measurement systems 5 1 Forward Laser Light Scatter Nephelometer System Sample air is drawn into the E Sampler by an internal diaphragm pump The flow rate is controlled based on actual conditions for an accurate cut points through sharp cut cyclones and to accurately determine the sampled volume This sample air is drawn through the MD laser optical module or laser engine where an internal visible laser diode beam is collimated and directed through the sample air stream The particulate in the sample air stream scatters the laser light through reflective and refractive properties This scattered light is collected onto a s
86. uration of the event Also see Section 6 4 The OPERATE Screen and TIMED STATUS Screen When waiting for a scheduled event the E Sampler main OPERATE screen will display UNIT OFF for the CONC value as shown above left Once a timed event has started the E Sampler will show the current concentration and flow rate as shown above middle The TIMED soft key can be pressed to view to the TIMED STATUS screen with the start time and the remaining countdown time for the event as sown above right The STOP SAMPLE soft key can be used to stop the event if needed The EXIT or ESC keys return to the main OPERATE screen 5 5 Establishing a Gravimetric Correction K Factor for the E Sampler The main limitation of most nephelometer instruments is that the accuracy of the mass output can be negatively affected by variations in size color shape and index of refraction of the sampled particles One of the most important uses for the 47 mm filter system is determination of a gravimetric K factor slope multiplier to correct the E Sampler signal to compensate for local particulate characteristics A gravimetric K Factor MUST be generated for the E Sampler if accurate concentrations measurements and good agreements with FRM or FEM methods are expected In some applications the appropriate K Factor will be quite significant such as a multiplier of 3 or 4 or even more Once determined the K Factor will generally remain valid for that unit and site as long as th
87. vedessassvactacessdvsse 7 2 1 Standard and Optional Accessories eeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeseeserrrrrsseserrertrssssrrrerrrsssrrrrrerssesrrreeerssserrrreessseren 7 22 MOUNU Seatac eases T ceca sete A EE A AEAT EA AAE 7 2 3 Setting Up the E SaMpler cc ccccccccssssccccesssseeccceesssseeceeessseeeceesssseececesssseeeeeesseeeeeeesaeeeeeeesaes 8 2 4 Electrical CONNECTIONS 00 0 ccc cccsseccesssescessseeceessseeeeseseecesssseeeeeseeeeessseecceesseeceesseecesaseecessaeesessaeees 12 2 5 Power Up and Starting Operation ccc ccccssscccccsssseeeccessssceecessssseecceessseeeceesssaeeeceesseeeceesesaes 13 SITE SELECTION and REMOTE POWER OPTIONS 000 ccssssssssccssccccsssssssecsees 14 3 1 Site Selection REQUIFEMENES ee ccceeeccccccccesssssceeeccccesssssseeeececessessseeesececeesessseeesceceeeetteeeeeees 14 3 2 Fall Hazard and Security Cautions ccc cccssssccccssssseccccesssseecceessseeeceeessseececesssseeeceessseeeeeesaaes 15 3 3 Confined Sampling Locations ec ccecccccccesssceccesssseeeccesssseecccesssseeeceesssaeeecesssseeecceessaeeeceesaaes 15 34 SIMOKE atid Ash MONOMING si ccrrsscaveccsnnssanzorsisneasasinaunsentiotectie cod unsiehdisiineatsdia oak ohiis nsstnactonsaalinshnsdeseiunitenietacken 16 3 5 Remote Monitoring With Solar or Battery POWE 0 0 ccc cccecccccessssecceeessseeeceesssseeeceesssseeeeeensaes 16 E SAMPLER USER INTERFACE and MENU SYSTEM ccccccsssssssssssscesees 19 4 1 The
88. when you press the CALIBRATE soft key The DEFAULT soft key can be pressed to clear out all previous field calibrations and restore the factory calibration for the sensor Use this if difficulty is encountered during the calibration Press ESC to escape without changes Note This calibration screen does not apply to the internal E Sampler filter RH sensor which is located inside the top of the 47 mm filter cartridge receiver The internal sensor can be audited by checking the RHi value in the main operate screen during operation See Section 4 2 The internal RH sensor cannot be calibrated If the E Sampler has been operating with the inlet heater running the inside temperature of the unit will be hotter than ambient resulting in filter RH readings that will be lower than an ambient RH standard If the sample RH sensor is to be audited make sure that the inlet heater is off and the unit has equilibrated to ambient conditions first If the internal filter sensor fails it will usually read an impossible value such as 125 or 25 E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 37 7 4 Flow Sensor Calibration The CALIBRATE FLOW screen is used for field audits or calibrations of the sample flow measurement of the E Sampler Remove the TSP inlet and any cyclones from the E Sampler inlet tube and then connect the top of inlet tube to the outlet of your traceable flow meter using a length of appropriate flexible tubing The E Sampler temperature pressure
89. y 15 minutes Data parameters such as wind speed direction and external RH will always appear in the data array even if no sensors were connected for those channels In this example only a small amount of data was stored in the memory 2 A OMer Do Ea EOG REPOT OSRE OOO 2a PDA SN M4373 AE VOW eee ie ia CSN E tO Oe OU ONO E a e7 oenco me Sor Shen U bse Laws SNE Op SOG OIR BONO ANOLE ONOhT a NO IR Me IS NSN ad Leer I Ot AUG 2 Oly eS SOO Ola Uiowe erin wrere tO Oo bee oni se On AUG 7 Oni Ed ORG EOI ORES Oa air o marc ono a nul he Oth AVE 2 Out BIOMOL CRS ONORS 2 210 sev ome och ovo ke len aaa AON Ck NUE ZOU SOOO TOOG a pall R25 pill ie Siow Meera lh Op NOG 925 OIE ONO AUOV SONOS Aa Oe io AICS E SUC dies Geos Uhy Oi Aue Oa POR OS T erent A o tal ewes h aie OM Ose teal LE ws vey Clty W m H erer Dod od od CO SAC OM MOS ACS ei ae MM le Ve ae Le D gt ein Tm tn PRPRPRPR PB If a 3 command is sent new data records the data response from the E Sampler is formatted the same as shown above but includes only the data logged since the last time the data was downloaded based on the position of a data pointer This command saves time by not retrieving old data that has already been downloaded before Note The data pointer for new data can be reset to a different record using an escape command If a 4 command is sent last data record then the E Sampler responds with only the latest n
90. y or the plastic threads will strip out 8 8 Factory Service Interval The E Sampler needs to be periodically returned to the factory for service and recalibration The recommended period is typically two years during continuous use However some users establish their own interval depending on the harshness of the sampling conditions particulate levels and data scrutiny High concentration operation will often require more frequent factory service Factory service primarily consists of optical system cleaning laser detector checks and recalibration As found calibration checks can also be requested Contact the Met One technical service department to schedule E Sampler service A Return Authorization RA number must be obtained before the unit is returned E SAMPLER 9800 Manual Rev J 1 doc Page 46 8 9 Operational Logic for Self Test and Laser Detector Alarms 25 OCT 2008 14 34 19 Start Self Test process for selected SELF TEST RUNNING range 1 Hold last concentration 2 Hold last flow 3 Sample pump OFF 4 Purge pump ON STOP SAMPLE Operate 5 Clear the Self Test alarm flag screen i Purge for 30 seconds i Take 15 second average reading Range Y2 MG V 1 0 140 0 350 10 0 160 0 040 65 0 400 0 010 If reading gt Y2 Yes

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