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Shawn Nick Thesis (PDF 4MB)

1. 0 cc0eeeeeeeeeeeees 76 Figure 4 26 Applying GOOSE filter expression in Wireshark cccseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 76 Figure 4 27 Only the GOOSE packets are shown when the GOOSE filter is applied 71 Figure 4 28 Boolean Values of the GGIO inputs are 0 or False in the received GOOSE message 77 VANI An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Figure 4 29 Matrix tool in Relay web interface is used to change the status of first input GGIO FB 78 Figure 4 30 StVal of the first input of GGIO has been changed from 0 to 1 or True 8 78 Figure 4 31 The default status of BIn0603 that has been assigned to second GGIO Input disabled ahaa EE AEE E E AE E E A E e sa on ce se enemas ea E sce nace 79 Figure 4 32 BIn0603 is now enabled in the simulation MOdEC cccsseeeesssneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeees 79 Figure 4 33 StVal of the second input of GGIO has now been changed from 0 to 1 or True 80 Figure 4 34 General function tests of Distance21 program and 4 zones relay characteristic 81 Figure 4 35 Using IEC 61850 8 1 interface instead of conventional BIs for relay trip contacts 82 Figure 4 36 Setting BIs for distance testing conventional and non conventional digital inputs 83 Figure
2. List of Tables Table2 ls Structure of DAS O1 4 POS ata OD CCU eneren a ded nastier iaaaenees 20 Table 2 2 GoCB class definition page 109 of IEC 61850 7 2 standard document 21 28 Table 3 1 Distance protection names in IEEE and IEC 61850 standards ee eeeeeeeee 35 Table 4 1 Distance parameters that set in the EuroProt relay for 100 km line 000 58 Table 4 2 Description ot DO Tnd or GGlO EN oserei ri iaa 62 X An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level List of Abbreviations HM ro PowerQuilty SSS SMY mw saoe SSS w woa SSS An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level MN XO m msaa ED Desrpion oO O PPM so imwon OOOO O O mo fsm S TWS sa An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level List of Standards Communication networks and systems for power utility IEC 61850 automation IEC TR 61850 1 Part 1 Introduction and overview IEC 61850 3 Part 3 General requirements IEC 61850 4 Part 4 System and project management Part 5 Communication requirements for functions and device IEC 61850 5 models Part 6 Configuration description language fo
3. 2 7 2 2 Sampled Values In order to complete the communication scheme in an IEC 61850 substation transferring Sampled Analog Values SAV need to be considered as well As mentioned in Section 2 4 Sampled Values SV are digitalised measured current and voltage analog values IEC 61850 9 27 defines SVs over serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link and IEC 61850 9 2 18 defines Specific Communication Service Mapping SCSM for transferring SVs over ISO IEC 8802 3 Communication of SV services is categorised as horizontal communication like GOOSE and is used for peer peer data transmission between IEDs according to part 9 2 Figure 2 11 SVs in IEC 61850 9 2 are very similar to GOOSE messages Apart from the peer peer horizontal communication SV messages and GOOSE messages are similar in the following aspects SV messages are critical data that map directly into the Ethernet data frame without involving any middle layers SV messages are encapsulated in Ethernet and sent via Layer 2 Multicast SVs are sent with the help of Data Sets DS The difference here is that the DSs belong to common data class SAV as defined in IEC 61850 7 3 22 The information exchange for sampled values is based on a publisher subscriber mechanism 2 8 Data Sets and Control Blocks 2 8 1 Data Sets IEC 61850 defines Data Sets DS and Report Control Blocks RCB in part 7 2 clause 11 Data Sets are used for signal transmission in m
4. IEEE C372 IEEE Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function l Numbers Acronyms and Contact Designations ane An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Statement of Original Authorship The work contained in this thesis has not been submitted previously to meet requirement of an award at this or any other higher education institution To the best of my knowledge and belief the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made Shawn Nick QUT Verified Signature Signature Date 4 August 2014 An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in x IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Acknowledgments I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to my Principal Supervisor Dr Ghavameddin Nourbakhsh and Associate Supervisor Prof Arindam Ghosh for assisting me to build an academic understanding and for their comments recommendations suggestions and support My heartfelt gratitude goes to Insulect Australia for their helps and support and allowing me to use Insulect testing facilities in Brisbane branch I address a very special thanks to my Engineering manager Melt Booysen for his encouragement and constant support Last but not the least I would like to
5. 2 Test selection and General Function tabs to choose a test type 3 Selecting Verify the R X characteristic 4 Setting test parameters including Fault type Phase to ground Phase to Phase single phase three phase and etc Start and stop angles for searching and activating available zones 5 Assigning virtual inputs of GOOSE messages in Goose Explorer program Section 4 3 2 1 RE Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TESIR File Header Info Languages Oltal sl el fl al Test selection Test Results pa eats advanced Functions Automatic test R X i x C Click and test C Sequence Verify the R X characteristic C C Verify blinders C Automatic time zone test Z t C Verify Nominal Times Test angles ce Fault an Ph gnd Startangle 0 00 Test at this angle only ZIN Stop angle 360 00 Offset Z 0 002 Step angle 15 00 Offset phZ 45 00 Zones to test E mMiMz2 v3 Maf sf 6p E po 025 G3 i ES b Perform Border test E ng gt ms gt g gts E E EZA BS E Bj i5n a Figure 4 40 R X characteristic test to verify 4 zones of the EuroProt relay Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 85 As shown in Figure 4 41 once the test is performed the trip times and errors will be listed in the test result pane The trip times are calculated according to virtual trip operations ZE Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TE
6. 24 547 1 242 33 129 1 656 18 0 532 24 1 242 32 1 656 18 635 0 932 24 547 1242 33 129 1 656 20 785 0 932 27 713 LA 36 95 1 656 10 0 518 Hone Nomina ch 2 eu 2 ___er Tis _ 33 BRR eS S a Saag ge ee yy ys Rie Xi 12 075 0 12 075 12 15 12 15 12 15 Pass Fail _ COS OR RR RRR RR AR RRA R RR AR AR OR OB Appendix A Test Results Nr one Nominalim Zim em er Tis Rim xim Pos Lie 9 659 0 518 3659 165 001 L256 9 33 25 10 0 518 0 0769 11 154 0 518 0 011 13 66 0 518 14 147 0 518 11 5447 0 518 10 353 0 518 10 0 518 10 353 0 518 11 47 0 518 PURRERRRERE A 4 A A 4 A A A 4 4 Appendix A Test Results 98 Time zone test Session date 19 02 2013 h17 04 Instrument S N 2010 16991 1 Instrument DRTS66 From 50 Hz Woe 110 V Line angle 75 Test Mode I const CT side Line Appendix A Test Results Appendix A Test Results 0 1 2 3 4 6 Fi a g 10 11 i 13 i4 15 16 Tis No trip Ho tip 99 5p 1 et Ri _ 17 387 18 353 19 315 20 264 21 25 22 216 23 162 24 146 25 114 26 08 27046 28 012 28 976 30 91 31 876 32 041 33 807 ATS 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Out Our Out 100 Appendix A Test Results References 1 T Maeda A testing environment ABB Review Special Report IEC 61850 2010 p 29 32 2 Lundq
7. A USB cable for PC communication and an Ethernet cable for Station Bus communication are also required for this test Figure 4 17 shows all necessary hardwires for DRTS66 IEC 61850 8 1 Interface Current Outputs Voltage Outputs for Station Bus communication USB port for PC communication Figure 4 17 Front panel of DRTS66 test set 68 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 4 3 Test execution In contribution to this research to test the protection relays in non conventional environment the concept of virtual push button is suggested Before starting the final test on the Distance protection function it is necessary to make sure that GGIO Function Block is publishing GOOSE Control Blocks as expected and the Relay acts correctly as a GOOSE publisher IED on the Station Bus Consequently test execution consists of two parts l Testing functionality of GGIO function 2 Testing Distance protection function using virtual trips and analyzing the GOOSE signals in third party software 4 3 1 Testing functionality of GGIO FB The following procedure describes the suggested method in this research for checking the GOOSE packets This method can be used to test any protection function of multifunction EuroProt relay family without any test set and by only using a third party network analyzer software Wireshark This method can also be expanded to any protection relays of different
8. Analysis 33 fault types and requirements The range of functions is supplemented with the automatic reclosing function synchrocheck power swing detection and switch onto fault logic 31 3 1 3 Distance Protection Introduction Among the various protection functions available on EuroProt distance protection is chosen for this research because this particular function includes adequate complexity to test the IEC 61850 station level applications part 8 1 5 Distance protection is one of the most frequently used application in transmission network in the world The distance protection function provides main protection for overhead lines and cables of solidly earthed networks Figure 3 2 shows the distance application using EuroProt relay DTVA series Figure 3 2 Distance protection function in EuroProt multifunction Relay A full scheme system provides continuous measurement of impedance separately in three independent phase to phase measuring loops as well as in three independent phase to earth measuring loops Five independent distance protection zones are configured and the operating decision is based on polygon shaped characteristics The polygon shaped characteristic is used in many multifunctional protection relays The shape of the polygon characteristic can be different depending on the setting of the relay but it is based on basic shape shown in Figure 3 3 32 34 Chapter 3 Analysis Angle 2nd Quad Z
9. F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 0 Inds F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 CF e Functional Constraint CF Configuration z DC P Functional Constraint DC Description EX mt Functional Constraint EX Extended definition 7 INTCILO1 F INTCILO2 Figure 4 9 Status information of the GGIO LN in the SCL Browser Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 61 Besides common information such as Mod Beh and Health Section 2 5 1 a Logical Node may have a Data Object Ind1 with three Data Attributes stVal q and t Table 4 2 describes Data Attributes of Data Object IN8GGIO1 ST Ind1 GOOSE publisher virtual input No 1 Table 4 2 Description of DO Ind1 of GGIO LN BOOLEAN Quality Time Stamp IN8GGIOI ST Ind1 stVal data attribute is mapped to the corresponding function block FB input of Gos This FB will be used in Logic Editor program in Section 4 2 1 4 The Value TRUE or FALSE will be returned in the GOOSE sniffer software Wireshark and the IED client that issued the GetDataValues request TDMS testing software in this project The functionality of GGIO LN must be tested prior performing actual test This test will be explained in details in Section 4 3 1 4 2 1 4 Logic Design One of the key elements of this research is to condition the output signal
10. InClass PFAC inst 1 prefix DF gt MLN desc 00 Stage InType Eupp F3_PTOC InClass PTOC inst 1 prefixs F3 gt M LN InTypes Eupp 4h AREC eae RREC inst N prefis P LN desc Eventi block DOI names Mod DOI name Beh gt DOI name Health DOI name amFk gt DOI names Ind DOI nane Ind2 DOI nane Tnds DOI nane TInd4 DOI names Ind5 DOI nane Tndb DOI names Indr b DOL name id LA dese CB Control InTypes Eupp SB CS InClass CS wil inet 1 prefig SBuy gt LN dese CB Pole InTypes Eupp CB2 SCBA InClass CBR ingt 1 prefix CB2 gt LN dese CB OTP Intl InType Eupp INT CILO InClass CILO inst 1 prefik INT Figure 4 7 Data Objects in GGIO Logical Node There is a suffix for each Data Object for example Ind1 representing that the GGIO LN can have eight virtual inputs Ind Ind2 Ind3 Ind8 GGIO LN can be found as a function block FB in the logic editor tool Section 4 2 1 4 These eight Data Objects represent the eight 60 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment inputs of Gos FB that is linked to GGIO LN Figure 4 8 shows the Go8 FB in the Logic Editor tool tfal Choose function block TOF81 Over Frequency TUF81 Under Frequency FRC81 ROC of Frequency DRE Disturbance Rec GGIO16_1 GGIO16 Figure 4 8 Go8 GOOSE Publisher FB in Logic Editor represents
11. MxSigna MxSigna MxSigna MxSigna AR iph Start MxLEDO MxLEDOS MxLED1i5 MxLED16 GoosePub DIF87_Trip DIF8 7_UnrTrip 21 Trip z2 Trip 23 Trip 24 Trip 25 Trip SOTF Trip Figure 3 12 Web interface tool for Matrix configuration 3 1 5 5 Offline setting tool EuroSet The EuroCap configuration software provides a special tool for processing the parameter settings of the EuroProt devices The following operations are possible in offline setting tool e Reading the parameter values from a file e Modifying the parameter values in off line mode e Saving the parameters to a file e Generating RIO files Section 4 2 2 1 for testing the various protection functions implemented in the EuroProt configurations This tool is used to produce the RIO file for the test set in the final test 3 1 5 6 LCD Configuration tool LCD Editor The LCD Editor tool generates the pictures for the front panel touchscreen LCD of EuroProt devices A new LCD page can be created using predefined or new pictures and can be loaded Chapter 3 Analysis 43 on the LCD Figure 3 13 shows a configurable user defined page on the LCD ae y Remote op P O OOMW Q O OOMVA 7 oo Ze L2 OA ULZ 174 8kV Figure 3 13 Configurable user screen on the front panel LCD 3 1 5 7 Graphical Logic Editor The graphical logic editor is a powerful tool available for the user to compose logic equations for various protection
12. m BIs Destination MAC addr 01 0C CD 01 00 00 pina APPID hex 0001 T n VLAN used True ie Status E rcb_Meas VLAN ID hex 001 rcb_Op VLAN priority 4 rcb_Stat Config rev reb_Str BI_GCB DO Mod Description DO Beh Dataset LDO BI_DataSet 4 DO Health DA stVal Edited dataset LDO BI_DataSet 3 100 ah LDO INSGGIO 1 ST Ind stVal DO NamPlt LDO INSGGIO 1 ST Ind2 stVal DO LEDRs LDO INSGGIO 1 ST Ind3 stVal Figure 2 14 Explorer layout of a GoCB GCB consists of DAs for binary status of a function block 2 9 Substation Configuration description Language SCL 2 9 1 SCL General Concept Part 6 of IEC 61850 standard 29 defines a description language to describe how 61850 compatible IEDs are configured in SA systems This language is called Substation Configuration description Language SCL and is used to describe IED configurations and communication systems according to IEC 61850 5 30 and IEC 61850 7 x 22 23 amp 27 SCL defines a formal relationship between the SAS functions LNs and substation elements switchyard SCL also enables the description of an IED to be communicated by the engineering software tools at station level and pass the complete system configuration back to the IED at the Bay level over the SA network Briefly SCL describes all IED capabilities and SA communication services in a formal unambiguous way SCL language is based on eXtensible Markup Language XML Each SCL XML file con
13. messages in Wireshark the contents of them are analyzed As shown in Figure 4 28 the name ID and Boolean contents of each GCB is compared to relay setting in Wireshark If there is more than one IED these names will be critical to designate the source of the GOOSE messages ral 65 4 4998 71000 Protecta_O0 00 97 Dec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE 155 Frame 5 155 bytes on wire 7240 bits 155 bytes captured 1240 bits on Ethernet II Src Protecta_00 00 97 00 22 dd 00 00 97 Dst Iec Tc57_01 0 GOOSE APPID Ox0001 1 Length 141 Reserved 1 Ox0000 0 Reserved 2 Ox0000 0 El goosePdu gocbRef ISA_TESTLDO LLNO GO Testing_GGIO_GSECB timeAl lowedtoLive 1050 datSet ISA_TESTLDO LLNO gorD Testing_GGIO_Dataset t Jan 1 1970 00 00 00 000000000 UTC stNum 1 sqNum 16559 test False contRev 2 ndscom False numBbatSetEntries 2 3 allData 2 items E Data boolean 3 boolean State Value of Input 1 E Data boolean 3 boolean False j gt State Value of Input 2 Figure 4 28 Boolean Values of the GGIO inputs are 0 or False in the received GOOSE message Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment p GCE Name DataSet Name GOOSE ID 71 5 To check the status changes in the arrived GOOSE messages the status of GGIO inputs are changed using the Relay Web interface The following steps are taken a The Matrix column
14. 3 Adjusting required configuration on the IED for Distance Protection Setting parameters for distance protection function Modifying Relay logics in Logic Editor program to assign the trip signal output of Distance FB to GOOSE publisher FB inputs Configuring IEC61850 parameters in Communication Configurator tool in order to create new GCBs for virtual trips 4 Performing the test a 54 Setting the same parameters in the testing program TDMS Distance21 that Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment are set on the EuroProt relay b Injecting analog values using test leads to the relay using the DRT 66 test set c Using GOOSE virtual trips to stop the analog injection through the IEC61850 8 1 interface Figure 4 1 illustrates the relay connections for this test and Figure 4 2 shows the actual test bed that was set during the lab work Station Bus ISA DRTS66 EuroProt Relay Relay Test Set Test leads eb i lt n 3 oa Be fo s aad Oa a 1alog i 4 action E LAN JE ay oi as Soe a es an gt Figure 4 2 Test bed for testing station level functions of an IEC 61850 compatible relay Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 55 4 2 Software tools configuration As discussed in chapter 3 the following software tools are used for this project l EuroCap as IED Configuration tool 2 TDMS as Rela
15. 3 2 1 Background DRTS 66 is the leading edge most powerful and accurate relay energy meters class 0 1 and transducers test set manufactured by ISA in Italy The locally and PC controlled test set generates high precision signals 0 05 accuracy using multiple DSP technology The Chapter 3 Analysis 47 powerful current outputs 3 x 64 A at 860 VA and voltage outputs 3 x 300 V at 100 VA allow to test any type of relays including old electromechanical relays The DRTS66 test set integrates the IEC61850 protocol interfaces for testing relays over Station Bus part 8 1 and Process Bus part 9 2 of a substation 38 Figure 3 17 shows DRTS 66 equipment with IEC 61850 8 1 interface in the front panel i e T ba gt ZLo ia amp Figure 3 17 DRTS 66 test equipment DRTS 66 has a large graphical HMI display that allows the end user to operate the test set without using a computer Major testing programs such as manual control overcurrent and distance can be performed through the front panel HMI Figure 3 18 shows Distance test program in the front panel interface Distance ANSI 21 Setup Test Graph Status Shot AutoZt Verity z 10000 809 R 0 174Q x 098892 2 Timer Settings Fault Type tPre tMax CB delay U oer w 0 0 10 0 0 0 s Pre Fault Pre oe f Tipe Test sonmay anon 0 1 Shoe Lt Z 1 0000hm 80 0 0 174 0 985 Figure 3 18 Front panel interface for
16. Function p MX Voltage Measurement Function PhV ppv Volts Volts DC easurementgs Descriptions Data Objects DO Functional Constraints FC Logical Nodes LN VMMXU1 Voltage Measurement Unit 1 Current Measurement Unit 1 mi j i Logical Device LD Physical Device PD Circuit Breaker Function Pos Position co Controls XCBR2 Circuit Breaker 2 Figure 2 7 Structure of hierarchical object model in IEC 61850 Magnitude of Phase A of Current measurement Unit Relay1 CMMXU1 MX A phsA cVal mag i 1 I 1 l l i l i l 1 l i l I i i i l l l i i i N Magnitude of Phase to Neutral A of Voltage measurement Unit l I I Relay1 V MMXU1 MX phV phsA cVal mag Relayl XCBR2 ST Pos stVal Status value of Position Control of Circuit Breaker 2 Figure 2 8 Examples of object naming for highlighted DOs in figure 2 7 according to IEC 61850 8 1 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 21 Figure 2 9 shows the same current and voltage measurement functions used in Figure 2 7 and their names in the explorer layout Name a v LH CMMXUL b DO Mod O Beh O Health Prefix o NamFlt LnClass A Instance a DO phsA Type DA cVal b DA mag Description PhSelTrip DO Health o NamPlt IDO PPV cD Edited dataset LDO New DataSet 2 DO phsAB l MINIY i re ae LOO CMMXL 1SMxSA phsA c
17. GGIO LN These inputs are used to transfer the trip signals from protection function block outputs to the destination IED on the Station Bus of the IEC 61850 substation A SCL browser can show the information of each Logical Node LN in a Logical Device LD The Logical Node has Status Information designated with the Functional Constraint FC Status ST Under FC ST we can find the related Data Attribute DA for each Data Object DO The Boolean Value for each DO is shown in the stVal Data Attribute DA Figure 4 9 illustrates IN8SGGIO1 logical node GOOSE Publisher LN of EuroProt relay in the SCL browser B HZMMXU 1 i Se 6 Input GGIO GOOSE Publisher LN in EuroPort I inaccio4 EFES 1 0000000000000 u0 1 01 1970 _00 00 00 000 01101010 1 0000000000000 u0 1 01 1970_00 00 00 000 01101010 1 D000000000000 u04 18 2013_21 40 29 769 000010 10 a cini fF 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 00000000 EVE INSGGIOTST Ind DataObject ooooo00000000 Boolean Value of u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 00000000 stVal Data Attrebute F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 7 F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 z F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 00000000 4 i Inds F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 4 i inde F 0000000000000 u01 01 1970_00 00 00 000 o0000000 ff ind
18. GOOSE messages and stop analog injection By means of a dedicated hardware and by the TDMS software ISA DRTS 66 can expand its testing capabilities by handling IEC61850 messages 50 Chapter 3 Analysis 3 3 Network Analyzer software In order to investigate the IEC 61850 messages transmitted between EuroProt relay as GOOSE publisher and the test equipment as GOOSE subscriber Section 2 6 2 1 there is a need for a network analyzer software to capture the packets and provide tools to study the contents of them Wireshark is a powerful network protocol analysis suite that can capture and interactively analyze the network traffic and runs on most platforms 3 3 1 Background Wireshark is a free and open source packet analyzer that is used for network troubleshooting analysis software development and education Originally named Ethereal in May 2006 the project was renamed Wireshark due to trademark issues Wireshark is cross platform using the GTK a cross platform widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces GUD in current releases and Qt a cross platform application framework that is widely used for developing application software with a GUI in the development version to implement its user interface and using pcap packet capture consists of an application programming interface API for capturing network traffic to capture packets it runs on various Unix like operating systems including GNU Linux OS X Mac OS BS
19. GoosePub is assigned to an Always true row to change the Boolean value of related DA of the first GGIO input Figure 4 29 The Always True row and GoosePub column are created in Sections 4 3 1 1 1 and 4 3 1 1 2 1 2 3 5 6 T 8 m gI E E Td EE lt MxLEDO8 MxLED15 MxLED16 MxLEDO SGoosePub Always True DIF8 _UnrTrip zi Trip z2 Trip el a Figure 4 29 Matrix tool in Relay web interface is used to change the status of first input GGIO FB b The GCB is checked again in Wireshark to see the change of the first input of GGIO FB from False to True Figure 4 30 36 2 033641000 Frotecta_00 00 97 lec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE 156 Ethernet II src Protecta 00 00 97 00 22 dd 00 00 97 E GOOSE APPID Ox0001 1 Length 142 Reserved 1 0x0000 0 Reserved 2 Ox0000 0 El goosePdu gocbRef ISA_TESTLDO LLNO GO Test1ng_GGIO_GSECB timeAl lowedtoLive 1050 datset I5A4_TESTLDO LLNO Testing_GGIO_Dataset goID Protecta t Apr 9 2013 05 07 15 532993137 UTC StNum 2 sqNum 120031 test False contRev 2 ndscom False numDatsetEntries 2 allData 2 items E Data boolean 3 boolean Data boolean 3 boolean False Figure 4 30 StVal of the first input of GGIO has been changed from 0 to 1 or True 78 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment c To activate the second GGIO input a wet co
20. Matrixrow 24 ia Object properties MxRow23 Trip L2 0012 Matrixrow 25 MxRow24 TripL3 0012 Matrixrow 26 MxRow25 SYN25 Auto 0012 Matrixrow 27 MxRow26 SynSWCmd 0012 Matrixrow 28 RootFunctionBlock MxRow27 AR Close 0012 Matrixrow 29 0012 Matrix row MxRow30 a IwaysTrue TH 3002 Volatile user status 13 SoftReal Ltd a a Figure 4 20 A new Matrix row is created in EuroCap software configuration to represent the Always true signal 72 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 4 3 1 1 3 Creating a new GCB for Virtual Pushbuttons The Boolean values of GGIO inputs are encapsulated in GCB Section 2 7 3 and sent over the Station Bus In Communication Configurator tool in EuroCap software the GCBs are created using the relative Data Attributes DA from Data Objects DO of GGIO LN To create a new GCB the following steps are done l Creating a new Data Set DS Section 2 7 1 using relative Data Attributes DA Section 2 5 2 Figure 4 21 illustrate the process of creating a new DS in Communication Configurator The stVal DAs of the first two inputs from the Data Objects GGIO LN are used to create a new DS named Testing GGIO DataSet DO name Mod F DO name Beh DOI namne Health t DOI name NamnPhk ga Input 1 of GGIO FB 4 HF DAL name stal fan DAI name q o Input
21. classes related to substation applications Part 7 4 Compatible Logical Node Classes and Data Classes This subpart specifies the information model of devices and functions related to substation applications It also specifies in particular the compatible logical node names and data names for communication between Intelligent Electronic Devices which includes the relationship between Logical Nodes and Data Mapping to real communication networks Part 8 1 Specific Communication Service Mapping SCSM Mappings to MMS Manufacturing Message Specification ISO 9506 1 and ISO 9506 2 and to ISO IEC 8802 3 This part specifies a method of exchanging time critical and non time critical data through local area networks by mapping ACSI to MMS and ISO IEC 8802 3 frames Part 9 Process Bus Mapping This part is divided into two subparts that define two different achievements of the IEC 61850 Process Bus Part 9 1 Sampled values over serial unidirectional multi drop point to point link 12 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems This subpart lays down the specific communication service mappings for the communication between bay and process level in a point to point link Part 9 2 Specific Communication Service Mapping SCSM Sampled values over ISO IEC 8802 3 This subpart defines the Specific mapping for the transmission of sampled measured values and model for generic object oriented system events G
22. computer technologies 61850 compatible devices enable the end users to design build and maintain substations in a convenient way IEC 61850 based solutions are now supporting a full interoperability between intelligent electronic devices IED from different manufactures Utilities are now demanding IEC 61850 capabilities available in any substation related hardware or software 1 2 Motivation for this research Every new technology brings new requirements as well as improving the existing systems IEC 61850 has significantly enhanced the performance of communications in the electrical substations but has also increased the complexity This complexity has introduced some new challenges to protection engineers and test and commissioning technicians As expected there will be a requirement of new skills and tools to be developed Every person who is involved with IEC 61850 must have some basic knowledge of IEC 61850 Protection engineers should now understand the concept of data modeling and logical nodes and test and commissioning technicians need to learn working with non conventional test equipment This is very critical as there might be no hard wire for physical trip contacts to send the binary commands to the circuit breakers Instead trip commands are sent via some virtual contacts using GOOSE 4 Chapter 1 Introduction messages Section 2 6 2 1 This will raise a big concern for testing protection relays in 61850 compatible subst
23. device called Intelligent Control Unit ICU and transmitted to various IEDs at bay level via Process bus ICU also receives trip and close commands from the Bay level IEDs and distributes them to HV switchgears The ICU might be part of a MU as an embedded module The basic concept of Process level is shown in Figure 2 1 Intelligent Control Unit 7 ICU I O DS Conventional VT a O Process Bus Merging Unit MU Optical VT Figure 2 1 Process Level and Sample Measured Value Concept 14 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Typical hierarchical levels in a Substation are shown in Figure 2 2 Station SCADA eia Controller System seat Station BUS Process Bus Current Voltage mn Transformers Transformers Circuit Breaker Sensors CT VT Ce Figure 2 2 Typical IEC61850 Substation Architecture Station Level D gt a gt D gt o A 9 O w i 2 6 IEC 61850 Modeling Approach Data model is a fundamental element in the automated substation Parts 7 2 7 3 and 7 4 of IEC 61850 standard define logical architecture of a SA system and all possible functions that operate in substation environment 13 Part 7 2 21 defines Abstract Communication Services Interface ACSI part 7 3 22 defines Common Data Classes CDC and part 7 4 23 describes compatible logical node classes and data classes of logical system 2 6 1 Hierarc
24. ee nT TO URE eee 66 An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level AD 2 AC TDINES parameter setin tists Uist han cao Unhandled osteo beueae Aca 66 4 2 2 2 Hardwiring for Analog injection and Networking eeseseeseeeseesseeeeeeseeeseeeseeeseeeees 68 Re K a E 11018 E E one tema cere sae E E On treo REMY EEE EE erro nay ETAS E Cy rr A 69 4 3 1 Festine tuncuonality of GGIO FB iccntidA icin advice aie 69 A311 Creatine Virtual Pusmbuttons suisse han cao handedness dave 70 4 3 1 1 1 Creating a Matrix column for GOOSE publisher ceeeeeeeeeeees 71 4 3 1 1 2 Creating a Matrix row as an Always True signal cssssssessseeeeeeeees 71 4 3 1 1 3 Creating a new GCB for Virtual Pushbuttons cc cccecessseeeeeeeeees 73 4 3 1 1 4 Activating GGIO inputs for matrix column and BI eeeeeeeeeeees 74 4 3 1 2 Using virtual push buttons for testing GGIO function ce eeeeseeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 75 4 3 2 Testing Distance protection function using virtual trips ccccceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeees 80 4 3 2 1 Virtual contact configuration in TDMS software 2 0 0 cccccccssssssssseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 82 Aided N eY DERA Characters tC sistas nasa a e inde cescmeiaeeate 85 4 2 o AULOMatic TUNG Zone test Z uon a E euanceesoadswcarencteeeeoaeeeecee 87 AAW ACSI AL KANNAN S09 sietan a a a
25. impedance z 39 3130 117 342 R 18 286 Q x 35 3652 Insert in the test list Overreach Settings Disabled Mo Store all tests L N CL L 51 962 V 0 00 57 735 V 240 00 57 735 V 120 00 1 305 A 242 66 0 000 A 240 00 0 000 A 120 00 Pass Fail E N 3 www www ww Ww dr om Delete all tests Test type Automatic time zone t Gp gt Representation O 75 000 Figure 4 43 Test result of time zone test in R X diagram RE Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TEST PROGRAM File Header Info Languages Slalgls Hll E Bim olom Sim Network Test selection Test Results Fault Test sequence Fault Fault impedance z 212162 75 000 Timer and input contacts T prefault T max T Hold Pref Fault Pref Ju R 54919 x 20 493 Q Insert in the test list Overreach Settings Disabled Store all tests f L N r 42 432 V 0 00 57 735 V 240 00 57 735 T 2 000 A 0 000 A 0 000 A 285 00 N 3 wWwwww ww w Ww PD Delete all tests Test type Automatic time zone t p Phase to ground Figure 4 44 Test result of time zone test in Z t diagram Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 4 3 2 4 Wireshark analysis The
26. in the Bay level Digitalized signals will then go through a so called Merging Unit MU device MUs are used to merge and synchronize the sampled analog signals of current and voltage and transmit them to destination IEDs at Bay level via Process Bus Conventional CT VT may also be connected to the MU 17 In this case A D convertors digitalize the analog signals at agreed sample rate according to IEC 61850 9 2 LE Lite Edition IEC 61850 addresses process level requirements by the concept of Sampled Measured Value SMV services in part 9 2 of the standard 18 However the standard has Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 13 left the exact details of using sampled values to the manufacturers In order to provide a simple interoperability between different vendors UCA Utility Communications Architecture International Users Group has introduced two different sampling rates for the Merging Unit in Implementation Guideline 9 2LE Lite Edition 19 For basic protection and monitoring applications the base sample rate of 80 sample per cycle is used 4 kHz for 50 Hz power systems A high frequency sampling rate of 256 samples per cycle 12 8 kHz may also be used for high frequency applications such as Digital Fault Recording DFR and Power Quality PQ analysis applications 20 Binary values such as state information of circuit breakers CBs and Disconnector Switches DS are collected by a
27. is used to set distance parameters Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 57 For this project distance parameters are set for a sample of 100km line Table 4 1 shows the parameters set in the relay for a four zones distance protection in this research Table 4 1 Distance parameters that set in the EuroProt relay for 100 km line 4 2 1 2 Hardware configuration Required configuration for physical input and output modules are done in Rack Designer tool If there is no hardware change the factory default setting can be kept intact However this tool is used to check the physical location of the analog input modules and the terminal numbers As shown in Figure 4 5 the voltage and current signals are injected from DRTS 66 through the 58 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment testing leads no sampled Value of IEC 61850 9 1 is tested in this project VT 2211 Module is the Voltage Transformer VT inputs interface to get voltage values from the VT secondary side in the field These inputs are connected to the voltage generator outputs on the DRTS66 test set CT 5151 Module is the Current Transformer CT inputs interface to get current values from the CT secondary side in the field These inputs are connected to the current generator outputs of the DRTS66 test set 7 Wi H Co Dj cc Vo
28. manufacturer for testing the logic designed in the relay As described in Section 3 3 Wireshark is a free and open source network packet analyzer that is used for network analysis Wireshark is also the kernel of most of IEC61850 simulator tools and SCL browsers As discussed in Section 3 1 5 5 web server of EuroProt provides a Matrix tool in its web interface and allows the end user to marshal any FB outputs to the internal virtual inputs in a web browser such as MS Internet Explorer or Firefox These internal virtual inputs in turn are assigned to the physical virtual outputs and LEDs The idea is to make two virtual pushbuttons that changes the status of some GGIO FB inputs The Data Sets DS will then carry the Data Attributes of GGIO inputs over the Station Bus in the GCB packets Finally Wireshark will detect these GCBs with designated GOOSE IDs and the change of Boolean values of DAs is checked This will confirm the proper operation of the GGIO FB which is the key element in this research Using only one virtual push button could confirm the proper functionality of GGIO FB however two virtual pushbuttons are used in this research to illustrate how much this method is flexible to use different elements as the signal source and how it can be expanded to test other relay functions The first virtual Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 69 pushbutton is created by the help of Matrix
29. packets No 2 in Figure 4 24 The World s Most Popular Network Protocol Analyzer Version 1 3 4 SVN Rev 46250 from trunk 1 8 Interface List Po Live list of the capture interfaces a previo count incoming packets a Open Recent Start z e Ohe one or mare interfaces to capture from then Start ee Same as Capture Interfaces wi H5 vMware Virtual Ethernerema prer oeme mr ETS Fa VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter DeviceNPF_ DE466098 2570 4684 943F 32F745 al Intel R 82577LC Gigabit Network Connection Device NPF_ 56540AD F355 4 9B pr Microsoft Device NPF_ 8525EB1F C25F 44CD AC92 65927 DE29E14 ian Capture Options Start a capture with detailed options Figure 4 24 Selecting the Network Interface in Wireshark Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 75 2 Wireshark starts capturing all types of Network protocols including GOOSE GOOSE messages are highlighted in Figure 4 25 File Edit View Go Capture Analyze Statistics Telephony Tools Internals Help F S S S Simie XS Reve ggaTFzstiae aaa wf Filter I Expression Clear Apply Save No Source Destination Protocol Length 51 1 500658000 192 168 0 164 1927 168 0 255 92 1 572773000 192 168 0 167 192 168 0 255 54 1 644823000 192 168 0 168 192 168 0 255 NENS 95 1 709032000 F Tec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE 56 1 741460000 192 168 0 153 192 168 0 255 NENS 58 1 992237000 Hewlett _f3 df a Broadc
30. step impedance and number of test points 86 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 5 Assigning virtual inputs of GOOSE messages in Goose Explorer program Section 4 3 2 1 RE Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TEST PROGRAM File Header Info Languages olalslel tlel f mnom sl Network Test selection f Test Results Test type Automatic time zone te D x General Functions Advanced Functions Phase to ground Click and test C Sequence C Verify the R X characteristic r 3 C Verify blinders 4 C Verify Nominal Times Test sequence Fault E Zstart 12 002 Angle deg 75 0 Zend 36 009 Step 1 009 N of tests OK Cancel Set digital inputs Representation D 75 000 Figure 4 42 Setting up the time zone test in Distance21 program The test results are shown in R X and Z t diagrams as shown in Figures 4 43 and 4 44 Again the trip times are calculated according to virtual trip operations Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 87 Test results 88 amp Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TEST PROGRAM File Header Info Languages olele Zia Bl Sl gt loln Selmi Fault Network Test selection Test Results Test sequence Fault Pref Fault Pref fu Timer and input contacts T prefault T max T Hold Fault
31. the hardware library Figure 3 9 shows the selection of the binary output modules as an example Select module CB Monitors Current Transformers Voltage Transformers Binary Output Binary Input Power Supplies Others R1l6 0000 R16 8000 R16 8080 R4 01 R8 00 ea SADE eg SECA E E F a H E r i i La ba F I T Ea Aare Ee Ee R 80 TRIP 1101 TRIP 2201 Module Search Figure 3 9 Module selection window showing the choice of the binary output modules 40 Chapter 3 Analysis 3 1 5 2 Function Blocks tool Functionality of the device is determined by the software configuration This configuration means the relation between Function Blocks FB and physical inputs and outputs The software consists of several FBs that describe the protection control and I O functions of the IED e Over current and distance protection FBs Required FBs are installed and activated in the factory according to the customer needs The list of installed FBs are in the Function menu of software configuration tool Figure 3 10 shows distance protection as a FB in the installed function list fy EuroCAP ISA_DEMO_IED11_61epc File Edit Project View Language 0 oo a ISA DEMO IED11 Hardware configuration Connector allocation 4 10 signals gt Analog inputs Calculated channels gt Analog outputs gt Binary inputs Ade a RootFunctionBlock User defined objects gt Binary n
32. these files are in XML format and built in the same ways and format but have different scopes depending on the requirements SCL files are categorised in the following types 1 IED Capability Description ICD file It defines complete capability of an IED This file needs to be supplied by each manufacturer to make the complete system configuration NO I System Specification Description SSD file This file contains complete specification of a substation automation system including single line diagram for the substation and its functionalities logical nodes 3 Substation Configuration Description SCD file This is the file describing complete substation detail 4 Configured IED Description CID file It is a file used to have communication between an IED configuration tool and an IED It can be considered as an SCD file stripped down to what the concerned IED need to know and contains a mandatory communication section of the addressed IED Edition 2 of IEC 61850 6 29 has also introduced two new XML files as follows Instantiated IED Description IID file It defines the configuration of one IED for ay I a project and is used as data exchange format from the IED configurator to the system configurator 30 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 2 System Exchange Description SED file This file is to be exchanged between system configurators of different projects It
33. to the communication requirements of the functions being performed in the substation automation system and to device models They are detailed in several subparts of Part 7 of the standard Part 6 Substation Automation System Configuration Language SCL Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 11 This part specifies a file format for describing communication related IED intelligent Electronic Device configurations and IED parameters communication system configurations switchyard function structures and the relations between them The purpose is to exchange IED capability descriptions and SA system descriptions between IED engineering tools and the system engineering tool s of different manufacturers in a compatible way Data and service models Part 7 Basic Communication Structure for Substation and Feeder Equipment Part 7 includes 4 subparts Part 7 1 Principles and Models This subpart provides an overview of the architecture for communication and interactions between substation devices such as protection devices breakers transformers substation hosts etc Part 7 2 Abstract Communication Service Interface This subpart applies to the ACSI communication in substations and feeder applications The ACSI provides the abstract interface describing communications between a client and a remote server Part 7 3 Common Data Classes This subpart specifies common attribute types and common data
34. used for education troubleshooting and analyzing the communication of the network This Open source software is the kernel of many other IEC 61850 tools 5 Test bed A laboratory work should be performed by using a 61850 compatible protection relay non conventional 61850 compatible test equipment and a computer with required software tools 1 5 Organization of the thesis This thesis is organized as follows Chapter one gives a brief introduction of the research This chapter starts with the background of Power system protection and substation automation system standard The main research objectives and related works are also included in this chapter In chapter two a comprehensive analysis has been done on the IEC 61850 standard The history and benefits of the standard are explained in this chapter following by elaborating the most important concepts of the IEC 61850 standard Chapter three introduces the EuroProt as a native 61850 protection relay the DRTS66 as a non conventional test equipment and Wireshark as a third party network analyzer software that are used for different sections of this project Chapter four gives details of the lab works and the comprehensive analysis used to integrate the theory into the practice In Chapter five conclusion and future works are discussed Chapter 1 Introduction 7 Chapter 2 Literature Survey EC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Introduction IEC 61850 is a collec
35. 20 Applying GOOSE filter in Wireshark Network Analyzer cccccseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 52 Figure 4 1 Relay connection to TIEC61850 Station Bus c ccccssessseesesessessssesesesesesssesesesees 55 Figure 4 2 Test bed for testing station level functions of an IEC 61850 compatible relay 55 Pieute 4 3 Soitware tools used for the test Ded ic scsccateacasistesdgeiaiastoned deaseat easels ceaceea lan emia aesdaaeaedntass 56 Figure 4 4 Web interface of EuroProt is used to set distance parameters 00ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 57 Figure 4 5 Module arrangement of the Relay in Rack Designer program in EuroCap software 59 Figure 4 6 Communication Configurator tool for IEC 61850 configuration cccceeeeeeeeeeeeees 60 Fisure4 7 Data Objects 1m GGIO 6 Stal NOC conire E T EEEE 60 Figure 4 8 Go8 GOOSE Publisher FB in Logic Editor that represents GGIO LN ce eeeeeeeeees 61 Figure 4 9 Status information of the GGIO LN in the SCL Browser 00 0 0 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 61 Figure 4 10 Trip signals of Distance FB in Logic Editor tool 00 0 0 cece eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 63 Figure 4 11 3 phase Trip output from Distance FB is assigned to first input of GGIO GOOSE PMS V0 ese ya ac nat en cla sh wnat aa sah ass ncdas ash E seg aslaa ses E TEN 64 Figure 4 12 State values stVal of the first input is used to make a new Data Set ceeeeeeeee
36. 3 37 Goose Explorer program is ready to sniff the Station Bus for GOOSE messages 83 Figure 4 38 List of captured GOOSE messages on the Station Bus in Goose Explorer DOST gs al senha sn ester la sa sma eta pd en Sc ezrin se astute eine a otal Sas icetiet sl wees nang tie 84 Figure 4 39 Using the Boolean value of the selected GCB as virtual contact ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 85 Figure 4 40 R X characteristic test to verify 4 zones of the EuroProt relay ccccccccccssssssseeeeeees 86 Figure 4 41 Test results of Verify the R X Characteristic ccccccccceeesesseeessssnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesseeeeeeegs 86 Figure 4 42 Setting up the time zone test in Distance21 program cccssssseccccceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeees 87 Figure 4 43 Test result of time zone test in R X diagram ccececeneeteeeeeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 88 Figure 4 44 Test result of time zone test in Z t diagram sssseseeeeeeereesessssssssssssssseeerrereeees 88 Figure 4 45 Boolean Value of the GGIO input 1 is 0 or False in the received GOOSE IMESSACS TOR Nab th TO Sie teers eset caret as eae apwer ia ated seeebenhe 89 Figure 4 46 Boolean Value of the GGIO input 1 is 1 or True in the received GOOSE message for Vinal Tip D en Rn ee a eR a nn OT 90 An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level
37. An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Shawn Nick Principal Supervisor Dr Ghavameddin Nourbakhsh Associate Supervisor Prof Arindam Ghosh Submitted in fulfilment for the degree of completion of Master of Engineering Research School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science EECS Science and Engineering Faculty SEF Queensland University of Technology QUT Brisbane Australia QUT 2014 Keywords IEC 61850 GOOSE Testing Substation Automation Protection Relay Test equipment non conventional relay testing Station level SAS Virtual Trip An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Abstract IEC 61850 standard communication Networks and Systems in Substations offers a worldwide recognized technique for interoperability between Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs from different manufacturers It eliminates most of control and protection wirings by its capability for fast data sharing over the Ethernet network In order to make various IEDs to communicate with each other and manage a large number of devices in a digital substation a new communication model was required This model was built up in IEC 61850 standard This standard has introduced lots of new features and challeng
38. D Berkeley Unix and Solaris and on Microsoft Windows There is also a terminal based non GUI version called TShark Wireshark and the other programs distributed with it such as TShark are free software released under the terms of the GNU General Public License 39 3 3 2 GOOSE filter As described in Section 2 6 2 1 Generic Substation Events GSE is a control model defined as per IEC 61850 8 1 which provides a fast and reliable mechanism of transferring event data over electrical substation networks GSE is providing the facility to transfer the same event message to multiple physical devices using multicast broadcast services GSE control model is further subdivided into GOOSE and GSSE GOOSE data works based on publisher subscriber mechanism and is directly mapped into Ethernet data packets on multicast or broadcast MAC addresses without involving any other protocols GOOSE also uses Virtual LAN VLAN and priority tagging according to IEEE 802 1Q 40 the networking standard that supports VLANs on an Ethernet network to have separate virtual network within the same Chapter 3 Analysis 51 physical network and to create multiple distinct broadcast domains GOOSE filter in Wireshark discriminates the GOOSE messages among lots of other networking packets transferring on the network As shown in Figure 3 20 once the GOOSE filter is applied Wireshark will work as a GOOSE sniffer software and captures any GOOSE messages on the sta
39. Data 2 items Data boolean 3 boolean True Data boolean 3 boolean Figure 4 33 StVal of the second input of GGIO has now been changed from 0 to 1 or True This test proves that the GOOSE publisher IED EuroProt relay is broadcasting the GOOSE messages correctly on the Station Bus as the GOOSE subscriber Wireshark sees the changes in the state values of DAs in the approved manner 4 3 2 Testing Distance protection function using virtual trips The concentration of this research is not on the details of Distance protection testing but is to prove that virtual trip signals are travelling correctly over the Station Bus This test can be expanded to any other protection relay testing such as Differential and Over Current The first step of the final test is the preparation of software and hardware tools to make them ready to work in the station level of IEC61850 environment The process of setting the EuroProt relay DRTS66 test set and Wireshark software have been discussed in Section 4 2 in details Now the Distance21 program in TDMS software has been configured for a 4 zone distance protection scheme which came through a RIO file from the EuroProt relay Section 4 2 2 The EuroProt relay has been configured to send the trip commands through GOOSE messages 80 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment instead of physical contacts Secti
40. MXUL Figure 2 6 Explorer layout of Measurement unit logical node showing its DOs and DAs 2 6 2 Common Data Classes CDC The IEC 61850 standard defines about 30 different types of DOs Part 7 3 22 of the standard defines these specific types and call them Common Data Classes CDC The CDCs are necessary to implement the concepts of the hierarchical object modelling as they define common building blocks for creating the larger DOs 12 The following are some data classes 18 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems defined by CDC Status information Measured information Controllable status Controllable analogue Status settings Analogue settings Description information Below are some examples for CDCs DPC Double Point Control SPS Single Point Status SPG Single Point Setting DPL Device Nameplate ACT Protection Activation Information MV Measured Value WYE 3 Phase Measured Value Each CDC has a group of attributes that belongs to a fixed group of functional constraints FC In other word each DO contains some Data Attributes DA with a Data Attribute Type DAT ype that belongs to a set of Functional Constraints FC The FCs classify the attributes into different categories For instance for a Circuit Breaker XCBR there are functional constraints of Status ST Substituted Value SV Description DC and Extended definition EX attributes Tabl
41. MxCol8 Title MxSignal_1 MxSignal_2 MxSignal_3 MxSignal_4 MxSignal_5 MxSignal_6 MxSignal_7 Type 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column 0011 Matrix column na x RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock MxSignal_8 RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock RootFunctionBlock MxCol9 AR 3ph Start 0011 Matrix column MxCol10 AR iph Start 0011 Matrix column MxCol11 MxLEDO7 0011 Matrix column MxCol12 MxLEDO8 0011 Matrix column MxColi3 MxLED15 0011 Matrix column RootFunctionBlock MxColi4 MxLED16 0011 Matrix column 13 RootFunctionBlock vV MxColi5 GoosePub 0011 Matrix column 14 RootFunctionBlock won nuonb wn re Oo 4 Object properties ee ols Hi p H O j N 0011 Matrix column RootFunctionBlock MxCol1i5 2003 2013 SoftReal Ltd Figure 4 18 A new Matrix column is created in EuroCap Software configuration to represent first input of GGIO FB 4 3 1 1 2 Creating a Matrix row as an Always True signal The Matrix column Goospub that created in the previous step will be marshaled to an Always True signal in the Relay Matrix through the web interface later to change the Boolean value in stVal DA In order to make this matrix row first a temporary Volatile U
42. OOSE Testing Part 10 Conformance Testing This part defines the procedures for conformance testing of IEC 61850 compliant devices 15 2 5 Architecture of SA systems according to IEC 61850 standard Every Substation Automation System SAS has a hierarchical structure and IEC 61850 defines three typical levels for communication and application functions Station Level includes Human Machine Interface HMI station computers and Gateway GW The functions related to this level are communicating over a dedicated network called Station Bus Some station level functions are replacing conventional hard wires carrying binary information between IEDs Some other functions are acting as interface between SAS to the station HMI and SCADA 9 Bay Level includes Protection control and measurement IEDs The functions related to this level communicate within the bay level 1 e exchange information between IEDs to Process level via Process Bus and to station level via Station Bus 16 Process Level includes primary equipment in the substation such as Current and voltage transformers CTs and VTs and Circuit Breakers CBs The functions related to this level are replacing analog signals from CTs and VTs with digital values These functions communicate over a dedicated network called Process Bus 9 Nonconventional instrument transformers i e optical CT VT digitalize the analog values of current and voltage and send them to the IEDs
43. RRRSR 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 60000 1 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 60000 1 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 60000 1 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 10 200 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 00 5 00 0 01 0 60000 1 Offline Parameter Set Editor program generates a RIO file based on the relay parameters and Figure 4 15 Using EuroSet offline parameter setting tool to Generate RIO file This RIO file is imported to the Relay test software ISA TDMS to define the zone characteristics automatically Figure 4 16 shows the relay zones characteristics which are complying with distance parameters discussed in Section 4 2 1 1 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 67 3 Forward 2 Forward SY N a 1 Forward 10 fA Reverse 20 Figure 4 16 Relay R X characteristics in Distance21 program transferred through RIO file 4 2 2 2 Hardwiring for Analog injection and Networking For this research analog current and voltage signals are injected to the relay via test cables As discussed in section 4 2 1 2 VT module VT 2211 and CT module CT 5151 on the relay are used as input interfaces to receive the analog values from the test set
44. ST PROGRAM File Header Info Languages Sltalslso Vial B Simp Network Test selection Test Results Fault Fault impedance Test type Automatic test R X QD X Test sequence Fault z 25 4199 217 114 Phase to d Pref Fault Pref L3 7 R 20 270 Q x 15338 Q a ane Timer and input contacts ___Insertinthetestlist T prefault T max T Hold Overreach Settings 10 30 050 Disabled oe L N os 57 735 V 0 00 57 735v 240 00 so s3sv 120 00 0 000 0 00 0 000 A Tar A Si 2 000 A 262 89 Test results gt Figure 4 41 Test results of Verify the R X characteristic 4 3 2 3 Automatic time zone test Z t This type of distance testing is to verify the trip times of each zone It performs a series of injections of the fault impedance at a specific angle By comparing the nominal trip times that are set in the Z design and those obtained as test results it is possible to confirm if the relay is tripping at the correct times against the faults in different zones TDMS shows the test results in the R X and Z t diagrams Figure 4 42 shows the process of setting of Automatic time zone test in Distance21 program It includes the followings steps 1 amp 2 Test selection and General Function tabs to choose a test type 3 selecting Automatic time zone test Z t 4 setting test parameters including the start and end impedance
45. Tc57_01 00 00 GOOSE 151 Frame 118 151 bytes on wire 1208 bits 151 bytes captured 1208 bits on interface 0 Ethernet II Src Protecta_00 00 97 00 22 dd 00 00 97 Dst Tec Tc57_01 00 00 01 0c cd 01 00 00 GOOSE APPID Ox0001 1 Length 137 Reserved 1 Ox0000 0 Reserved 2 Ox0000 0 goosePdu gocbRef ISA_TESTLDO LLNO GO Virtual_Trip_GSECs gt GCB Name timeAl lowedtoLive 1050 goID Pe GOOSE D t Jan 1 1970 00 00 00 000000000 UTC stNum 1 sqNum 1679 test False confRew 1 ndscom False numDatseteEntries 1 allData 1 item Data boolean 3 boolean False pP 5taie value of Input 1 Figure 4 45 Boolean Value of the GGIO input 1 is 0 or False in the received GOOSE message for Virtual Trip DS Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 89 FI 221 6 301266000 Protecta_00 00 97 lec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE 150 _ Frame 221 150 bytes on wire 1200 bits 150 bytes captured 1200 bits on interface 0 Ethernet II src Protecta_00 00 97 00 22 dd 00 00 97 Ost ITec Tc57_01 00 00 01 0c cd 01 00 00 GOOSE APPID Ox0001 1 Length 136 Reserved 1 Ox0000 0 Reserved 2 Ox0000 0 goosePdu gocbRef ISA_TESTLDO LLNO GO Virtual_Trip_GSECB GCE Name d t 15 OSV J_Trip_Dataset DataSet Name goID Protecta GOOSE D t Feb 20 2014 23 22 12 217997193 UTC stNum 2 sqNum 38 Test False conftRev 1 ndscom Fa
46. Val mag gaan 2 LDO CMMXU1 MX A phsA cVal mag 4 DA cVal b DA mag All functions in multifunctional IEDs are modelled in the similar approach and grouped in related LNs 2 7 Communication in IEC 61850 2 7 1 Communication stack and mapping to real protocols Communication stack is a key feature in IEC 61850 It is a group of protocols working together to enable all IEDs to behave identically on the network environment As discussed in Section 1 5 part 7 of the IEC 61850 standard defines data models for different applications in a SA system to achieve interoperability between IEDs However these models must be able to operate over real protocols that are currently used in the power industry 13 Part 7 2 21 of the standard defines the Abstract Communication Service Interface ACSI models and describes common utility services for IEC 61850 compatible devices for peer to peer and client 22 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems server communication Part 8 1 5 defines the mapping technique of IEC 61850 abstract objects and services to real protocols including MMS Manufacturing Message Specification of ISO9506 TCP IP transmission control protocol Internet protocol and Ethernet Figure 2 10 shows an overview of communication stack in part 8 1 of IEC 61850 standard 5 Generic Object Generic Sampled Oriented Core Substation Values Substation Time ACSI Status Multica
47. a 89 Chapter 5S Conchision iseni E casas agian dean 91 S T ae Acca trea te E A 91 Pe PUn e 0 OSD 6 Kc aaa A ME tan rr ne tenner ey fate tin oneMet nent rr ate rene ter rieee ne neNt MeeenT rn ate tant eT roe 92 Appendix A Eest RESUS ici cpoesedaccectea esas theses cacti eR 95 References islets Sains ca ciel sg st ac cdemtalnc teh aleace E a 101 Me An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level List of Figures Figure 2 1 Process Level and Sample Measured Value Concet ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 14 Figure 2 27 Typical TEC61850 Substation Architecture s cucninennhudndiiuddbeanhudndine 15 Figure 2 3 Explore layout for data model for logical node LPHD ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 16 Figure 2 4 Object modeling for an IED with more than one LD eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 17 Fieure 2 5 Hierarchical Data Mode lie 05 5 05 0 testis Jeanidaai n aati eae ates ated a ii 17 Figure 2 6 Explorer layout of Measurement unit logical node showing its DOs and DAs 18 Figure 2 7 Structure of hierarchical object model in IEC 61850 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 21 Figure 2 8 Examples of object naming for highlighted DOs in figure 1 7 according to IEC 61850 8 1 AE PEEN IEAA EEIE NEA EE E A AEN E PE AA A A A E EAA A ess EA VEIRA T ET 21 Figure 2 9 Explorer layout for objec
48. a such as trip and interlock signals As shown in Figure 2 9 GOOSE messages are using a real time communication and directly mapped onto the Ethernet link layer without mapping to any other protocols 26 Horizontal and vertical communication concepts have been shown in Figure 2 11 24 Station Level D gt al gt m Buni pJeH Sampled Values IED IED IEC 61850 9 2 Process Bus GOOSE IED4ED Horizontal Communication IEC 61850 8 1 Non Conventional CT VT Figure 2 11 IEC 61850 Communication Structure Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems MMS was chosen for client server communication vertical communication as it supports complex naming and has a set of flexible services which makes the easier mapping in IEC 61850 However as it relies on the full seven layers OSI Open System Interconnection stack it is very reliable but relatively time consuming So it is not suitable for critical data transmission 12 On the other hand Generic Substation Event GSE was chosen to cover fast and reliable peer peer communication between IEDs horizontal communication GSE was introduced to replace hard wiring between IEDs in conventional substations There are two types of GSE Services l Generic Substation State Event GSSE which was built in the standard to provide backward compatibility to the UCA Utility Communication Architecture services and only
49. alues are transferred from CT VTs as digitalized sampled values Section 1 4 This research will require that the protection relay and the test set have hardware and software components to support part 9 2 of the standard 18 Investigation of fault and disturbance recording in IEC 61850 Substation Automation Systems SAS This will include the study of both Station and process level applications Recording of abnormal system conditions cross triggering between the recorders through GOOSE messages and recording of waveforms using sampled values can be investigated Investigation of accurate fault location systems in an IEC 61850 9 1 substation This is a challenge at the moment to use Travelling Wave fault location Systems TWS in such environment This is because of the slow sampling frequency of merging units MU in IEC 61850 9 2LE which is 4 kHz in 50Hz power systems Section 1 4 as the travelling waves need to be sampled with higher than 1MHz So the travelling waves will be filtered in MUs and never arrives at the linear couplers sensors at TWS units Using a sort of primary sensor at the primary side of CT VTs might be a solution for this problem Using wireless LAN for an IEC 61850 compatible substations instead of copper or fiber cabling This will save a huge cost by removing more hardwires compared to a conventional and normal IEC 61850 substations However this will raise some new challenges with regards to security response times a
50. ance scheme distance parameters are set in the TDMS and zones characteristics is defined in Z Design program exactly as per protection relay settings Some relay manufacturers provides a tool in the relay management program to generate a standard file containing all required information of the relay setting This file is called RIO and is used to transfer the operating characteristic of specific relays to the testing software The RIO files is imported into the Distacne21 program of TDMS software In order to retrieve the RIO file from EuroProt relay the setting file is retrieved from web interface and imported into Offline Parameter Set Editor of EuroCap As per Figure 4 15 66 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment characteristic of distance protection t Offline Parameter Set Editor D Dropbox Dropbox Uni project 001 par Operation Zone 1 Zone 1 only start ZoneiR Zone 1X Zone 1 Xo X1 3X1 Zonei Ro R1 3R1 Zone 1 Time Delay Operation Zone2 Zone2 only start Zone R Zone2 X Zone Xo X1 3X1 Zone Ro R1 3R1 Zone2 Time Delay Operation Zone3 Zone3 only start Zone3 R Zones X Zone3 Xo X1 3X1 Zone3 Ro R1 3R1 Zone3 Time Delay Operation Zone4 Zone4 only start Zone4R Zone4 X Zone4 Xo X1 3X1 Zone4 Ro R1 3R1 Zone4 Time Delay eee N e 8 pe D 5 Bit ZA 1 00 ZA ZA ZA TERNE
51. ast 59 1 992335000 192 168 0 153 192 168 0 255 60 2 056721000 192 168 0 124 192 168 0 255 62 2 099801000 197 168 0 55 197 168 0 237 gt 2 100281000 197 168 0 55 192 168 0 237 TCP 60 208879000 Protecta_00 00 97 Tec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE a 165 Figure 4 25 Different types of Network packets are captured by Wireshark 3 GOOSE filter is selected in Wireshark so only the GOOSE packets will be shown in the Capture window Figures 4 26 and 4 27 A Wireshark Filter Expression Profile Default 0 Field name Relation Value Protocol GMR 1 RACH GEO Mobile Radio 1 RACH is present GMR 1 RR GEO Mobile Radio 1 RR o Predefined values GMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GMTRAILER Gigamon Trailer GNM ITU M 3100 Generic Network Information GNUTELLA Gnutella Protecol u GOOSE GOOSE Gopher Gopher contains GPEF GPEF matches GPRS LLC Logical Link Control GPRS GPRS NS GPRS Network Service GPRSCDR GPRS CDR GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation Range offset length Figure 4 26 Applying GOOSE filter expression in Wireshark Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Intel R 62577LC Gigabit Network Connection Device NPF_ 7565404D F355 4 96 BBA4 76D36ED8D0FB Wireshark 1 6 4 SVN Rew File Edit View Go Capture Analyze el a a amp Filter goose 417 17 Figure 4 27 Only the GOOSE packets are sho
52. ations as if an inappropriate virtual contact is selected in the testing software a wrong circuit breaker might be operated So it is essential that test engineers technicians designate the correct virtual signals in the software tools among lots of GOOSE messages related to different IEDs The manufacturers of non conventional test equipment provide some tools in the testing programs to help the end users to find proper virtual signals based on MAC addresses and logical device names However as the virtual contacts are transferred as GOOSE Control Blocks GCB Section 2 7 3 understanding the contents of control blocks CBs will be a great help in the test and commissioning process The main aim of this research is to investigate deep into the details of the IEC 61850 elements used in station level Section 2 4 In order to trace GOOSE messages from the publisher IED protection relay to the subscriber IED test equipment a third party network analyzer software needs to be used This software is to capture the GOOSE signals carrying the Boolean values of the virtual contacts over the Station Bus then the contents of the GOOSE message will be analyzed and compared with the sender and receiver IEDs Each IED has its own configuration software tool however they all follow the same rules to comply with IEC 61850 standard The transferred information between the relay and the test equipment is also shown in the third party software A full distance pr
53. b Int ype Eupp_IN amp GGIO InClass GGIO0 inst 1 prefix IN8 DOI narmne Mod DO name Beh DOI name Health DOI narme NamPlt First Input of Gog FB Ok S Boolean value of DAIL name q OA name DO namne Ind2 DOI name Ind 3 New Data Set is created DOI name Ind4 using DA DOIL name Ind5 DOI name id 6 DOI name Ind DOI name Inde Dataset Properties Datasets Dataset name Description Virtual Trip_D ataSet Virtual Trip DataSet New Dataset Set Dataset Delete Dataset Delete FEDA FCDA Up FCDA Dn FCDA Ldlnet Pretix La lass Lninet 4 Dan ame FC Wo LOO ING GGI 1 shal ST Figure 4 12 State values stVal of the first input is used to make a new Data Set b Creating a new GCB for Virtual Trip using Virtual_Trip_Dataset The DS created in the previous step is now used to form anew GCB So the existing Virtual Trip Dataset is chosen from drop down menu then other GCB parameters such as name ID and priority are set in the GCB properties Figure 4 13 shows this process Control Block Properties CE Name VLAN ID PRIORITY GOOSE Control Viua Tip GSECB Use VLAN tag 001 4 e 4 Block Name s Description MAC Address Virtual Trip GSECe8 O1 00C CD 01 00 00 GolD APPID GOOSE ID Protecta oot New CB Dataset Conthev Delete CE Dataset Name Wirtual Trip DataSet Set CE Dataset Properties A Selecting the created DS for anew GCB Dataset
54. ble time Any failures of protection system may result in severe equipment damage so there are normally some backup protections for such conditions In brief the major responsibility of protection relays is to isolate faulted sections of a power system by controlling the circuit breakers while the rest of system is working normally 1 1 2 Old protection relay technology VS Modern computer based relay technology The development of protection relays over the time is categorized into four types First generation Electromechanical Relays They were designed as uni task protective devices that used electromechanical hardware They needed physical maintenance for their movable parts Nowadays these types of relays have been obsolete and out of production however they are still in Operation in some old power stations and substations 2 2 Chapter 1 Introduction Second generation Static Relays These are solid state protective devices that sense the currents and voltages with analog circuits and no digital conversion is done on the analog waveforms The hardware of these relays is made from basic semiconductors such as diode and transistors and simple circuit components such as resistors and capacitors This configuration results in a fixed and simple logic for protection schemes 3 Due to the absence of the moving parts in these relays they consume less power need less maintenance and have longer lifespan compare to electromechan
55. change between IEDs delivers better operation of the system 11 Peer to peer communications replaces the conventional hard wired signal exchange between IEDs Multi vendor interoperability 12 XML file format for Substation Configuration Language SCL enables exchange of information between engineering software tools 13 Object oriented and hierarchical Data Model supports logical location of data and functions 14 2 4 IEC 61850 standard overview IEC 61850 standard includes of 14 documents divided into 10 different parts System aspects Part 1 Introduction and Overview This document is an overview of the concepts and documents in the standard It is an abstract of other parts of the standard Part 2 Glossary This part embodies a set of specific terms and definitions from other standards in different parts of IEC 61850 that are used in the context of Substation Automation System within the various parts of the standard Part 3 General Requirements This part talks about the particular requirements that the standard needs to meet Reliability system availability maintainability security and other requirements are defined in this part Part 4 System and Project Management This part describes the requirements of the system and project management process and of special supporting tools for engineering and testing Configuration Part 5 Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models This part refers
56. contains the state information in the Data Set 2 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event GOOSE in turn supports not only state of information but also different types of data in the standard IEC 61850 8 1 defines GOOSE messages to cover horizontal peer peer IED communication An IED can use GOOSE messages to pack required information into a Data Set DS that typically contains binary status indications and other data such as measured values By using the GOOSE concept the end users eliminate a large amount of physical wiring by only a network cable Commissioning will be also easier as the wiring check reduces to a few network connections As mentioned earlier part 8 1 of the standard 5 maps the GOOSE messages onto the Ethernet straightaway without involving any other protocols So the signals such as trip messages can be sent via GOOSE instead of slow nature MMS protocol IEC 61850 8 1 page 114 of 5 describes the structure of the GOOSE message that is linked with three layer of OSI model Physical Data link and Application layers GOOSE messages work based on broadcast of multicast messages across the Local Area Network LAN using Publisher Subscriber model GOOSE publisher IEDs broadcast the GOOSE messages on the multicast Media Access Control MAC addresses and subscriber IEDs listen to the network traffic to pick their related data Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 25
57. contents of the GOOSE messages sent by GGIO FB in EuroProt relay were analyzed in Section 4 3 1 2 for virtual push buttons There is no difference as to what is producing the virtual signal whether it is because of operation of Virtual push buttons or a protection FB output Once the input status of GGIO LN is changed i e from False to True the DA Boolean value in GCB will be changed The same practice is done for testing the virtual trips for distance protection as virtual pushbuttons Section 4 3 2 4 Since there are about 100 test points in the automatic test program two sampled GOOSE messages of the virtual contacts captured by Wireshark are picked for content analysis Figure 4 45 and 4 46 illustrate the contents of two GOOSE message captured by Wireshark during the secondary injection to the relay for distance testing Once the distance FB issues the trip the first input of GGIO FB is activated This then changes the state of Boolean value of the related Data attribute in the GCB This is the signal that causes the test set to stop injection for each test point The Wireshark analysis demonstrates the GCB name ID and Data Set name that were used in the relay The Boolean value of the arrived packet is also shown in Figure 4 45 and 4 46 and the status change confirms that the protection function is operating well and GOOSE signals are acting exactly as expected to replace the conventional hardwiring 118 7 549620000 Protecta_00 00 97 Iec
58. ction Test Results General Functions Advanced Functions Click and test C Sequence C Verify the R X characteristic r Test type Click and test lt B x Phase to ground C Verify blinders C Automatic time zone test Z t Verify Nominal Times Figure 4 34 General function tests of Distance21 program and 4 zones relay characteristic Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 81 4 3 2 1 Virtual contact configuration in TDMS software In order to test a conventional protection relay the physical contacts output of the relay are connected to the test equipment s binary inputs BI So whenever the relay issues a trip command it goes to a BI of the test set to stop injection and testing software calculates the trip times and other parameters In order to stop injection in an IEC 61850 8 1 environment the GOOSE messages virtual contacts are used instead of the physical BIs of the test set So the test set must be equipped with a dedicated hardware and software to handle GOOSE messages to stop the analog injection Figure 4 35 illustrates the physical BIs and IEC 61850 8 1 hardware interface of the DRTS66 test set Conventional Binary Inputs IEC 61850 8 1 Hardware Interface Figure 4 35 Using IEC 61850 8 1 interface instead of conventional BIs for relay trip contacts Virtual contacts are set through an embedded program in Distance21 which 1
59. d K in 26 Transferring Sampled Analog Values SAV need to be considered to have a complete picture of a 61850 compatible substation This is explained in part 9 1 27 and 9 2 18 of IEC 61850 standard Data Sets and Control Blocks are the key elements of this research to test a protection relay in an IEC 61850 environment These concepts are necessary to be fully understood in order to analyse the contents of the GOOSE packets transferring on the substation network IEC 61850 defines Data Sets DS and Report Control Blocks RCB in part 7 2 clause 11 21 Liang Y discusses this concept in 28 Substation Configuration description Language SCL is an important part of the standard that defines a formal relationship between the SAS functions and substation elements Part 6 of IEC 61850 standard describes SCL language Engineering concept of the SCL has been collected from the standard documents 29 2 2 Background of IEC 61850 standard IEC61850 standard was published by International Electrotechnical Commission s IEC Technical Committee 57 TC57 in early 2000s to provide all required specification for electrical substation automation Before IEC 61850 was released a parallel development was taking place in the US by EPRI Electric Power Research Institute 8 They were working on a project called UCA Utility Communications Architecture to provide interoperability between different monitoring and control equipment in substations
60. describes the interfaces of one project to be used by another project and at re import the additionally engineered interface connections between the projects 29 Figure 2 15 shows engineering process with the SCL language fb o _ uae Figure 2 15 The use of Substation Configuration Language SCL Conclusion This chapter gives a comprehensive literature survey which reviews the existing knowledge and research activities in the IEC 61850 standard The key definitions of the standard are elaborated in details using the IEC standard documentation History and benefits of IEC 61850 standard are also outlined Structure of a 61850 compatible substation including different application levels is explained using examples and figures Protocol stack and mapping technique the usage of GOOSE messages and XML based SCL language are discussed through examples and figures Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 3 Chapter 3 Analysis Introduction This chapter gives an introduction about hardware and software tools used to accomplish this research The overview list of the equipment that are used to run the test bed is as follows 1 Distance protection relay Protecta EuroProt DTVA 2 EuroCap software to configure protection functions and IEC 61850 parameters IED Configuration tool 3 ISA DRTS66 secondary injection test set 4 ISA TDMS software to configure test set and IEC 61850 param
61. duction from Protecta Website http protecta hu o0id 35 32 EuroProt Distance protection function description from http protecta hu epp english Function_blocks Short Short_04 Distance_protection_function pdf 33 IEEE C37 2 IEEE Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers Acronyms and Contact Designations 102 References 34 EuroProt Hardware Description from http protecta hu epp english HW_guide hw_description_V1 36 pdtf 35 EuroProt Brochure from http protecta hu epp english Brochures 16oldalas_fuzet pdf 36 EuroProt Quick start Guide from http protecta hu epp english QuickStart Quick_Start_Guide_V1 0 pdf 37 EuroCap configuration tool for EuroProt devices from http protecta hu epp english SW_guide EuroCap_V2 1 pdf 38 DRTS 66 brochure from http www isatest com index php page drts 66 39 Wireshark software from http en wikipedia org wiki Wireshark 40 IEEE 802 1Q IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Media Access Control MAC Bridges and Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks orrigendum 2 Technical and editorial corrections 2011 41 IEC 60870 5 103 Telecontrol equipment and systems Transmission protocols Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment 1997 42 IEEE 1815 IEEE Standard for Electric Power Systems Communications Distributed Network Protocol DNP3 2010 References 103
62. e 2 1 shows the attributes of a DO for Switch Position Pos of a circuit breaker function XCBR As per the Table 2 1 the status attributes of Double Point Control class DPC for a Pos data object contain a status value stVal a quality flag q and a time stamp t Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 19 Table 2 1 Structure of DAs of a Pos data object DPC Class Data Object Pos Data Attribute Name Attribute Type Functional Constraint BOOLEAN ST Status a Quality ST Status a Timestamp ST Status i BOOLEAN SV Substituted Value SV Substituted Value DC Description cdcName UNG25 X Extension 2 6 3 Standardizing object names An important approach of the data modelling in IEC 61850 is the standardised object names This helps all SAS end users to identify the elements of logical functions very easily Part 8 1 of the standard 5 specifies an approach of mapping hierarchical data model elements described in part 7 into MMS variable names This results in a unique way of naming model objects in IEC 61850 standard The naming concept has been shown in three examples of hierarchical object naming in Figures 2 7 and 2 8 Highlighted DOs in Figure 2 7 and their related DAs are named according to IEC 61850 8 1 5 in Figure 2 8 20 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Current Measurement
63. e Dah ame FL lw LOO INS GAIO Ind sval aT Wo2 LDO INS GAIO Inde sty al oT Figure 4 22 The new GCB is created using the existing Dataset 4 3 1 1 4 Activating GGIO inputs for matrix column and BI As mentioned before there are two virtual push buttons for testing GGIO function A Matrix column that is marshaled to Always true signal in the Web interface and a BI status The status change of these inputs are traced in Wireshark Network sniffer software In order to assign these inputs to GGIO FB Logic Editor tool is used As shown in Figure 4 23 the first input of the FB is assigned to Goosepub which is the Matrix column number 15 described in Section 4 3 1 1 1 and the second input is assigned to a BI Bin0603 74 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Figure 4 23 Assigning inputs to GGIO FB in Logic Editor tool 4 3 1 2 Using virtual push buttons for testing GGIO function Once the new configuration is set on the relay the GCBs are broadcasted from the IED constantly on the Station Bus and can be captured by any GOOSE subscriber In this part of the research Wireshark is sniffing the Station Bus to capture any broadcasted packets including GOOSE messages For capturing the GOOSE packets in Wireshark the following steps are taken l The proper Ethernet Interface is selected from the list No 1 in Figure 4 24 and then start capturing Network
64. e online access to the front panel LCD and keypad This tool is used to activate virtual push button for this research Chapter 3 Analysis 41 Front Panel main parameters z 2 On line functions system settings User defined objects f Common Diag T4 module disturbance recorder CT4 module_Prim CT4 module_Sec commands H Distance 21 sph LOC 50 sph Dir Overcurrent on line data network protectonHood documentation Dir TOC 6 Nor5iN 3ph DT TOC 50 pa advanced Figure 3 11 Web interface tool for online parameter setting and remote control 3 1 5 4 Matrix The embedded web server in EuroProt family introduces the matrix concept Matrix is used to marshal the binary status of FBs outputs to the relay s physical and virtual outputs Figure 3 12 In the rows of the matrix binary status signals of FBs are available and the columns of the matrix are the outputs These outputs can be applied in the graphical logic editor as input signals Section 3 1 5 6 The user defines the assignments between rows and columns during the parameter setting procedure 42 Chapter 3 Analysis Line measurement parameters Circuit Breaker system settings on line data Disconnector Bus events disturbance recorder commands Disconnector Line network protectionHood Disconnector Earth Default set 1 PA ae i Y Matrix al 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 RU MxSigna MxSigna MxSigna MxSigna
65. eeecaaasesscesseeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeaaaaaseessees 5 IA RKescarch metodolo yoa A S eahadeesd 6 LS Orsanmizatomor the Mesi isnan R 7 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 8 Zr Ny ACME RAUVON E ET E A E E E E E E E N E 8 2 2 packeround Or LE C61 550 Standard oeoa a dwell desea E 9 De Te is On is COG OSS U AIM AUC Oe eet as a aac ee es ae eee ene eile 10 DANE C OLS 50S tam lar OVC0 VIC Wie ie rear E eas canal see aeinatat ot 11 2 5 Architecture of SA system according to IEC 61850 standard nnneneneesssssssssssssssseeerrresssssss 13 AOIECOLSS0 Modeline Appr Oa on R EE T 15 20L Hierarchical Data Model iis cect cats ca reshas a r E S 15 202 Common Data Classes CDC aa Sela ier eee heean taht andtrsG ee cares teudteee soca 18 iii An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Z0 Standardize OD ect HAINE Saxe stun a eke ae eeu a 20 2 Commocion MIEC OSIO E O mn ere 22 2 7 1 Communication stack and mapping to real protocols sssssssooeeeeeessssssssssssssssseeereesssssssss 22 2 2 Client Server and Peer Peer COMMUNICATIONS ariris renni eA 23 Del WG OO SEs md MMS eeror a O 23 22D Sampled V ANNES a sadetaaedend aati ca ata landivendedudeusdeedd nein Rrealendhcnaances 26 28 ACA SS US and Conrol OCS sti a ie aoe sna cathe cas 26 ZO Datla DEUS ccccacesatecncnacs ccc aca e
66. eees 65 Figure 4 13 Creating a new GCB for Virtual Trip using the existing Dataset 0 0 0 ceeeeeeeeeeeees 65 Pisure 4014S Ae PDMS Test sOM ware six cicce east searee T eae 66 Figure 4 15 Using EuroSet offline parameter setting tool to Generate RIO file eee 67 Figure 4 16 Relay R X characteristics in Distance21 program transferred through RIO file 68 Preure 4 17 Pront panel or DRITS60 test Set cisigtciaeG aerer e A E 68 Figure 4 18 A new Matrix column is created in EuroCap Software configuration to represent first WO ATOT D e E A E E enerer nt ree 71 Figure 4 19 Creating an Always True status in Logic Editor tool cccsssssscccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees T2 Figure 4 20 A new Matrix row is created in EuroCap software configuration to represent the VPMIWaAyS VOUS Siena los aaul ante Wiseman nanan snobs auldgie N 72 Figure 4 21 State values stVal of the first two inputs of GGIO LN are used to make a new Data Set he etait cee S E cet aela nee eee ee 73 Figure 4 22 The new GCB is created using the existing Dataset cccccessessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeseeeeeeees 74 Figure 4 23 Assigning inputs to GGIO FB in Logic Editor tool ccccceesssssscececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeens 75 Figure 4 24 Selecting the Network Interface in Wireshark ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 75 Figure 4 25 Different types of Network packets are captured by Wireshark
67. el only work with the relay test equipment and the software programs without knowing what is exactly happening to the signals in the background This would be very dangerous as any wrong selection in relay or testing programs might cause a wrong circuit breaker operation or relay is not commissioned properly In this research study the contents of the GOOSE packets of the virtual trips are expanded in a third party software to elaborate the parameters that the end user sees in the relay and test programs Virtual pushbutton was a new concept that was proposed in this research and helped to test the GCBs Section 2 7 3 and changing the Boolean values of the data attributes DAs This provides a virtual way to test signals on the station level that used to be tested by Multimeter s continuity check Finally each part of the configuration software tools in the relay and test set is referred to the related standard document Chapter 5 Conclusion 91 5 2 Future prospects Some potential topics for further research are as follows 92 l Investigation of testing relays in a mixed environment of multivendor relays in IEC 61850 substation This will be a further step of the existing research where in lots of transmission substations protection relays are used from different manufacturers as main and backup protection for each feeder X and Y protection Investigation of testing protection relays in an IEC 61850 9 1 environment that analog v
68. er Src Mac Address 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 0D0 00 00 97 00 22 00 00 00 97 00 22 00 00 00 97 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 DD 00 00 97 Dest Mac Address Goose ID 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta O1L 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta O01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta O1 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta Set virtual contact Data set Reference ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset Figure 4 39 Using the Boolean value of the selected GCB as virtual contact 84 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 4 3 2 2 Verify the R X characteristic This test is sometimes called search distance characteristic and is to accurately verify the distance zone curves in R X characteristic As shown in Figure 4 40 the program defines the test points around the nominal curves and adds the test points to the test list Test result is passed if it is within the selected maximum percentage error setting on the system window Figure 4 40 also shows the process of setting of Automatic time zone test in Distance21 program in numbering order It includes the followings 1 amp
69. es to the test and commissioning electrical substation as well as the protection design Testing protection relays in such environment requires a fresh knowledge of the new technologies and non conventional testing equipment All non conventional test sets and protection relays have dedicated software for managing IEC61850 elements So for instance a secondary injection test set knows what messages should be captured on the network to be used as virtual contacts and the protection relay knows what messages should be used as virtual binary input However there has been always a missing element in regards to testing a protection relay in an IEC 61850 environment as the end user doesn t know what is happening in the background of test set and relay programs This can be very dangerous in an energized substation as any wrong digital message may cause a wrong circuit breaker operation or virtual binaries of another relay are read instead of the right ones This can be due to a software maloperation or end user failure In a conventional substation hardwires are checked according to the substation schematics but using IEC 61850 programs hide everything in the background An investigation has been conducted in this work to reveal the background of information exchange between the test equipment and protection relays and show the relation between the entities that the end user sees in the software programs and the standard document This research also develop
70. eters 5 Wireshark Network Analyzer software 6 Ethernet switch to simulate station Bus The background operation and functions of each equipment and tool are discussed in the following sections 3 1 Protection Relay Distance protection relay DIVA from EuroProt family is used as a core device in this research to test the station level functions This IED is a multifunction relay however only the Distance protection function is used for this project 3 1 1 Background Protecta Ltd is a Hungarian manufacturer of protection relays that provides IEDs for protection and control of medium and high voltage of the power systems The EuroProt series of IEDs produced by Protecta draws on more than 50 years experience in the field of efficient protection relaying The new platform is a straightforward evolution of Protecta s previous product families of digital protection technology and it compares favorably with the market leaders products Rising to the challenge of the revolution of the IP technology the EuroProt extends the system to a platform using IP based HMI functions and to IEDs with native IEC61850 features 31 22 Chapter 3 Analysis A DTVA distance protection relay of EuroProt family is shown in Figure 3 1 EuroProt family is native IEC 61850 that directly supports the standard without any external gateway or embedded converter module 31 EURO IDTRV EP Dit Trip pir L2 REF1 Trip 3 9 eeeee ee ees 23e
71. f suppliers for various parts of a substation Under IEC 61850 all devices including protection control and monitoring devices can communicate to each other and to the software tools at upper levels using the same services and protocols IEC 61850 gives the opportunity to eliminate a large number of hardwires that used to transfer the signals commands and interlocks between protection and control devices in conventional substations This also improves the functionality of the system and reduces the cost at the same time Moreover the new invention in IEC 61850 technology replaces the traditional copper wires used for transferring secondary analog values of currents and voltages from the instrument transformers CT VT in the field to the protection and monitoring devices IEC 61850 has taken the best features of existing technologies such as XML Ethernet MMS and TCP IP gets them working together under the new concepts introduced in the standard like GOOSE by inventing an advanced mapping technique to work over a super fast network backbone 1 This not only simplified protection design and test and commissioning processes but also provided a very easy solution for any user who uses applications of a substation automation system SAS The other major problem before the IEC 61850 standard was ongoing substation retrofitting projects During the typical 40 70 years asset life of the primary plant and instrument transformers secondary electron
72. for real time utility communications across the utility enterprise IEC was developing the IEC 61850 standard at the same time that EPRI was developing UCA standard in the US So in 1997 it was concluded that the members of UCA working group integrate into IEC TC 57 to complete Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 9 a worldwide accepted standard that responds all concerns and objectives for Substation Automation systems SAS 9 The standard aimed to unify all multiple existed protocols for substation automation which had lots of built in proprietary protocols These proprietary protocols had limited the end users to use IEDs from different vendors IEC61850 has provided interoperability between system components and software tools from different manufacturers and give a free choice of supplier to the users of 61850 compliant equipment The standard is implemented based on well known existed technologies such as transmission control protocol Internet protocol TCP IP manufacturing messaging specification MMS and extensible markup language XML 1 The main goal of IEC 61850 standard was to promote a single protocol for SA systems to provide a common model for different data required for a substation It was developed to meet the needs of different applications of protection automation control recording and measurement in the SA system Other objectives set for the standard are It should supp
73. functions The inputs of the logic equations can be Non filtered binary inputs Binary inputs Graphed input statuses Logic parameter variables Matrix columns The outputs of the logic equations can be e Contacts e Graphed output statuses The applicable logic operators are e AND e OR e NOT The functional objects are e Function blocks e Timers e Macros 37 44 Chapter 3 Analysis Figure 3 14 shows an overview of protection sheet of the graphical logic editor 44 Logic Editor Sheets DJU E Ee me A Jfout rs J ano on J nor rim roar _Senerate_ ta connout connin mac kel comment cancel Logic operator Publisher Protection Logic sheet Distance MxCol15 Protection FB Time Delay PSDslow Over Current FB GenSt3 Figure 3 14 Graphic equation for protection functions in Logic editor tool This tool is used to configure the virtual pushbutton and virtual trips in the final test 3 1 5 8 TEC61850 configuration tool The EuroProt family is a native EC61850 platform which means that this new communication standard was a fundamental consideration during the development There is no protocol converter implemented but all the function blocks contain the logical nodes necessary for correct data modeling This data model is factory defined and not modifiable by the master user However control blocks are available for customization The factory default c
74. fying factory configuration in rack designer tool half size version 000006 40 Figure 3 9 Module selection window showing the choice of the binary output modules 40 Figure 3 10 Distance protection function in FBS list 20 0 0 cceeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeees 4 Figure 3 11 Web interface tool for online parameter setting and remote control ccccccessseeeeeeees 42 Figure 3 12 Web interface tool for Matrix configuration cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 43 Figure 3 13 Configurable user screen on the front panel LCD 0 0 0 ceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 44 Figure 3 14 Graphic equation for protection functions in Logic editor tool ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 45 Figure 3 15 Data model objects in explorer view in IEC 61850 Configuration tool eee 46 vii An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Figure 3 16 Creating a new GCB and DS froma DA of a LN o eeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 47 Preure 3 17 DRTS OG Test equipment seek esata ote ee i eh see Se ie eae 48 Figure 3 18 Front panel interface for testing IEDs without using PC 1 0 0 0 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 48 Figure 3 19 Distance 21 program in TDMS software oo ccccccccccccceeeeseeseesesssnnceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeas 50 Figure 3
75. gner 2003 2012 By PROTECTA Electronics Ltd File Edit Project View Language Help A Preview amp print all wd E 3 esea De Se rel 0 0r S akee Produced for Protecta Ltd e e p p E pre mi 4 ISA_DEMO_IED11 4 Hardware configuration Rack Design Rack designer Con k V1 analog inputs are identified by connector number A D 1 to 16 on CPU angg as Other I O objects require an additional geographical address set on the card gt Software configuration Module Database is needed to define or modify cards and wiring In Designer View you may aoa Manage Hardware button on Hardware Configuration property sheet to import database OCOT Sd TOTI 80 TOTH aTeh TIZZI LA IS1S 19 TSISi 1 gt u verno ne After modifications I O objects are created or removed as necessary You may use the Check I O Allocations button on Hardware Configuration property sheet any time to match I O signals with hardware Ie Note Don t confuse I O signal connectors with module connectors shown on Connector Allocations sheet I O signal connectors are simply logical numbers from 1 to 16 to identify an I O in the software PROTEC A ome Cran 2003 2013 SoftReal Ltd Editor Version 11 65 10 DBType EP HwDBLang EN Power consumption 0 0 W Figure 3 8 Modifying factory configuration in rack designer tool half size version All possible hardware types are found in
76. he Station Bus it is very important to designate the correct IED from the list Figure 4 38 shows the captured GOOSE messages came from EuroProt relay in TDMS Goose Explorer program Goose List Order Goose List by Number Sre Mac Address Data set Reference 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 DD 00 00 97 00 22 00 00 00 97 00 22 D0D0 00 00 97 00 22 00 00 00 97 00 22 D00 00 00 97 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta O1 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta 01 0C CD 01 00 00 Protecta ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNO Virtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset ISA_TESTLDO LLNOSVirtual_Trip_Dataset Figure 4 38 List of captured GOOSE messages on the Station Bus in Goose Explorer program By selecting a row of the Goose List it is possible to see the details of the data structure handled by the selected DS reference This shows the Boolean value of the associated Data Attribute State value for input No 1 of GOOSE Publisher FB Then the relevant DA from a GCB is defined as virtual contact to stop the test As shown in Figure 3 39 the Boolean signal in the DSs of the selected GCBs is nominated to act as virtual contact Goose List Order Goose List by Numb
77. hical Data Model Object modeling describes virtualization concept and standardizes the names of the logical functions and their data in IEC 61850 For example the name of the Distance Protection is PDIS and Time delay Under Voltage Protection is PTUV Circuit breaker is also a function and its name is XCBR All functions that operate in a SA system are split into smallest entities called Logical Node LN as concrete objects Basically LNs are the smallest part of the function that exchange data in a SA system As per examples above PDIS and XCBR are logical nodes and contains all related data and attributes for distance protection and circuit Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 15 breaker correspondingly SA related functions may be implemented individually or multiple in any IED IEC 61850 defines approximately 90 LNs to cover all necessary functions in the SA Systems For common applications such as distance protection a group of logical nodes reside in a Logical Device LD There are some necessary information about the complete IED such as hardware health the status of the Power Supply Unit PSU and communication problems that are not available in function logical nodes and logical devices So the function modeling is completed by a Physical Device PD model that defines common properties of the IED IEC 61850 defines the logical node LPHD Logical node for Physical Device that c
78. ic equipment such as protection and control devices need to Chapter 1 Introduction 1 be replaced at least two or three times due to their short life cycle 15 years typically And the new protection relays for instance required new complex wiring software configuration and protocol converters to work with an existing substation By using IEC 61850 in the substation the outage period of primary system will be minimized while the refurbishing projects will be much faster safer and easier 1 1 1 What are Protection Relays During the past years there have been lots of evolutions on power system grid such as multiple generators ring and parallel technologies and very long lines Each of these evolutions has brought a new challenge in operation and fault scenarios Faults are occurring in all parts of power system as an earth fault or short circuit They might be single line to ground three phase short or line to line that cause a very high fault current flowing to the system So one of the very first critical requirements of the power system was some protective devices to monitor the operation of the power system equipment Protection relays were invented at the beginning of the history of power generation to protect the very first generators in late 1880s In order to protect very expensive components of a power system such as generators transformers and transmission feeders relays operate to isolate the faulty section in the fastest possi
79. ical relays These relays can be still found in many power stations and old substations Third generation Digital Relays As programmable microprocessors are used in these relays they are also called programmable relays They enabled the protection engineers to implement any mathematically possible characteristics and logics using the microprocessors They digitalize the analog current and voltage waveforms through some analog to digital convertors A D and deliver the lower burden on the secondary system of instrument transformers CT VT This generation also provided the opportunity to have multiple protection functions in a single device Compared to previous generation digital relays require less maintenance consume less power and take less space in the protection panels 4 Fourth generation Numerical Relays Numerical relays are using the latest computer technologies to protect the power systems They were introduced in early 1980 and replaced with static and electromechanical relays in the existed installations and new constructions Numerical relays which are also called smart relays use a complex computer system to develop multi functions protection devices in order to analyze currents and voltages of the power system for the purpose of faults detection Before substation automation concept was introduced smart relays had been used to build the secondary system of the substations for many years However there were some
80. ide the Distace21 program As the first step this program sniffs the station bus to capture all GOOSE messages transferring on the network LEE Goose Explorer File Exploring Goose Virtual Contacts Goose Goose Publishing Exploring Options Explore at START r Filters Explore Now Exploring Time 30 5 r Use Virtual Contacts to STOP the test C Do not Explore Figure 4 37 Goose Explorer program is ready to sniff the Station Bus for GOOSE messages The program sniffs the Station Bus for 30 sec configurable and shows a list of broadcasted GOOSE messages on the network In the list of captured GOOSE messages the proper Goose Control Block GCB is selected and used as virtual input for the test set To determine the correct GCB Goose Explorer provides different options A GCB can be chosen based on the Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 83 publisher IED Mac Address Network interface physical address GOOSE ID and Data Set DS references that were set while configuring the GCB in Communication configurator in EuroProt relay The aim of this research is to elaborate the fundamental concepts of IEC 61850 standard By studying the standard document and using the Wireshark software it is now clear that where each of these entities are configured and what exactly means When there are more than one IED broadcasting GOOSE packets on t
81. igure 3 4 Chapter 3 Analysis 35 one 3 CEE T Lone 2 T a Distance Impedance Figure 3 4 Protection zone grading The fundamental components of the settings of a distance protection function includes general setting 1 e enable and disable characteristic direction and ground elements factors 3 1 4 Relay Hardware The EuroProt protection device family is a scalable hardware platform to adapt to different applications Relays in this family are modular devices in regards to hardware and software The modules are assembled and configured according to the requirements and then the software determines the functions Data exchange is performed via a 16 bit high speed digital non multiplexed parallel bus with the help of a backplane module Each module is identified by its location and there is no difference between module slots in terms of functionality The only restriction is the position of the CPU module because it is limited to the CPU position The built in self supervisory function minimizes the risk of device malfunctions 34 3 1 4 1 CPU and Communication module The CPU module contains all the protection control and communication functions of the EuroProt device Figure 3 5 Dual 500 MHz high performance processors separate relay functions from communication and HMI functions Each processor has its own operative memory such as SDRAM and flash memories for configuration parameter and firmware s
82. iin s E Common Common st Control inputs Se VT4 VT4 module i Direct EIR l CT4 Prim CT4 module _Prim Mn CPU CT4_5ec cT4 module _sec CalcVolt Calculated Voltages Help Produced for Protecta Ltd e S S O Be el ae ee Function Blocks Certain function blocks may be deactivated in the device Deactivating a function block will deactivate all its sub function blocks Deactivation of a function block will not remove owned objects from the configuration just from the built program code 4 Functions gt Measured variables gt Constants gt Parameters gt Busbar protection CalcCurr_Frim Calculated Currents Prim DIS21_ HV HV Distance 21 TOC50 3ph 10c 50 TOCS6 3ph Dir Overcurrent TOCS N Dir TOC 67Nor51N TOCSO 3ph DT TOC 50 DIF87_2w TRDIff 2w 87T gt Matrix User logic 6 gt Events b Disturbance recorder TOFS 1 Over Frequency TUF8 1 Under Frequency FRC81 ROC of Frequency F TR 94 Pho PhSel Trin onir g4 Figure 3 10 Distance protection function in FBs list 3 1 5 3 Online setting tool Web server EuroProt devices are equipped with the internal web server that allows the end user to modify the protection parameters and test the virtual and physical relay modules It also displays the front panel LCD in the webpage and let the user to work with the HMI from a remote computer Figure 3 11 shows a screenshot of the web interface that provides th
83. ining part of the data model the IED name the structure of logical devices the datasets and reports 37 3 1 5 8 1 Data Model in IEC 61850 configuration tool In the IEC 61850 configuration tool the left pane displays the data model Object names can be changed in the DO tree or by using the property editor Since some parameters are not allowed to change the editor tool denies the selection of them Editable parameters are checked against their constraints as the user leaves the field 37 Figure 3 15 shows the explorer view of data model in IEC 61850 configuration tool a ii C Users Public Documents EuroCAP ISA_DEMO_IED11 6Lepc 44ED I54 TEST 4B 51 4 JLo LOO M dh LNO M A LPHOL v F3PDIS1 a LH 71PDIS1 DO Mod DA stVal DA cHModel O Beh O Health O NamPit Oo Op Figure 3 15 Data model objects in explorer view in IEC 61850 Configuration tool As discussed in Section 2 5 1 the communication configuration objects need to be placed in the LNO logical node inside the logical device These objects are datasets report control blocks 46 Chapter 3 Analysis and GOOSE control blocks Datasets are fundamental entities for reporting and GOOSE services In order to create a new dataset a single DO or DA can be selected from any logical node and target object must be LNO Figure 3 16 shows the creation process of a new dataset and GOOSE Control Block using one Data attribute of a logical node lt 4 Comm
84. iscusses the background of IEC 61850 standard in 8 The information about the EuroProt protection relay family is collected from the Protecta webpage 31 and from the EuroProt relay software and hardware manuals 32 34 35 36 and 37 and from discussions with Engineering team and technical support at Protecta company in Hungary Hossenlopp L Mackiewicz R Brunner C and Brand K discuss the benefits of IEC 61850 standard in 11 12 13 and 14 Apostolov A in 9 and 20 and Janssen M in 19 study the architecture of a 61850 compatible substation including the hierarchical structure 8 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Modeling approach data model in IEC 61850 is the most important part of the standard This concept is explained in part 7 2 7 3 and 7 4 of the standard documents 21 22 and 23 This concept has also elaborated by Mackiewicz R in 12 Brunner C in 13 and Kezunovi M in 24 Communication stack is a key feature in IEC 61850 standard Part 8 1 of the standard 5 defines the mapping technique of IEC 61850 abstract objects and services described in part 7 2 21 to real protocols including MMS Manufacturing Message Specification of ISO9506 TCP IP transmission control protocol Internet protocol and Ethernet Brunner C discusses this in 13 Client Server and Peer Peer communications GOOSE and MMS is discussed by Baigent D in 25 and Bran
85. lse numbatsSetEntries 1 E allData 1 item E Data boolean 3 gt State value of Input 1 Figure 4 46 Boolean Value of the GGIO input 1 is 1 or True in the received GOOSE message for Virtual Trip DS Conclusion In this chapter the laboratory work for testing distance protection function of a 61850 compatible relay is explained step by step The main concepts of the station level related applications of IEC 61850 that were explained in Chapter 2 are used in a practical work of testing the relay to integrate the theory into the practice Wireshark software is used to analyze the GOOSE packets transferring between the relay and test equipment and shows the encapsulated information into the GOOSE massages Virtual push button is a new method that is suggested in this chapter to test any protection FB in the relay without using the non conventional test equipment and by only using an open source third party application This method confirms the proper operation of protection FBs IEC 61850 I O FB and Station Bus before using any testing tools It also helps testing Engineers technicians to have a better understanding of what is happening in the backstage of the relay and test set software tools Finally the distance protection testing was carried out and the station bus were analyzed in Wireshark to check the GOOSE packets that actually tripped the test set to stop analog injection 90 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Dista
86. ltage Current Inputs Inputs Figure 4 5 Module arrangement of the Relay in Rack Designer program in EuroCap software 4 2 1 3 IEC 61850 configuration In order to configure IEC 61850 parameters CCommunication Configurator tool in EuroCap software is used This tool is also used to configure IEC 60870 5 101 104 IEC 60870 5 103 and DNP3 Figure 4 6 shows different protocols that can configured in this tool Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 59 Communication configurato IEC 61850 communication clas aG 1 4 Lo LDO gt fw LH LUNO LA LPHD1 W LH Z3PDIS1 Figure 4 6 Communication Configurator tool for IEC 61850 configuration 4 2 1 3 1 Introducing GGIO Logical Node IEC61850 standard provides standardised designations for input and output information Logical Node LN GGIO Generic Process Input Output is used to designate input and output signals and replaces the conventional physical binary inputs and outputs GGIO is a compatible logical node for General IO according to IEC61850 7 4 23 For this project an eight input GOOSE Publisher GGIO LN is used to send the trip outputs to the test set Figure 4 7 shows the Data Objects DO of GGIO LN in explorer view in Communication Configurator tool sV LN desc Underfrequency InType Eupp_FR_PTUF InClass PTUF inst 1 prefix FR LN desc Rate of change of fre InType Eupp_DF_PFAC
87. lyze the trip signals from the relay in a third party software There are some problems for performing a complete relay testing in an IEC 61850 environment First a complete analysis needs to be conducted on the IEC 61850 standard documents to provide an overview of the contents of different parts of the standard This is very critical for this project without that the non conventional testing cannot be analyzed The second issue is finding a proper protection relay that support IEC 61850 and meet our testing specifications non conventional test equipment and a third party software to act as GOOSE analyzer Additional requirement is that the relay test set and network analyzer software need to be fully studied and all user manuals and related documents have to be analyzed in detail 1 4 Research methodology Research methodology includes the following steps l Standard analysis An analysis of the standard is provided by an overview of all parts of the standard The most important concepts of IEC 61850 is explained in details with figures and tables according to standard documentation 2 Protection Relay Employing a protection relay that supports IEC 61850 8 1 station level functions is a critical part of the project For this purpose EuroProt relay from Protecta is chosen EuroProt relays are multifunction protection IEDs that support IEC 61850 standard natively without any protocol convertor They also have a standard software tool t
88. ment Systems CSAEMS in the training of prospective specialists and engineers A case study can then be presented where the structure of the GOOSE message as described in IEC 61850 8 1 is confirmed using firstly simulation then experimentation with actual IEDs In the first instance the message structure is confirmed by simulation of the GOOSE message and capturing it using network protocol analyser software after which analysis of the packet frame is performed Data encoding of the GOOSE Protocol Data Unit PDU can be analysed with emphasis on the Abstract Syntax Notation ASN 1 Basic Encoding Rules BER The second part of the case study is conducted through experimentation with IEDs which are used to generate a GOOSE message and network protocol analyser software is used to analyse the structure Both the simulation and practical experimentation with actual devices can be shown to confirm to the GOOSE message structure as specified in part 8 1 of the IEC 61850 standard 8 For the last few years we have been facing a strong trend towards new technologies and standards The most significant task 1s to fundamentally transform the capabilities and bring new solutions that support better power quality supply Standardization solution IEC 61850 in terms of protection monitoring and control functions is a promising solution that provides a great impact on substation automation based on increasing the reliability and availability of the electric power g
89. mmunication in Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition 2008 T amp x00026 D IEEE PES 2008 IEEE 14 Brand K P The introduction of IEC 61850 and its impact on protection and automation within substations ELECTRA CIGRE 2007 233 p 21 29 15 IEC 61850 1 Communication Networks and Systems in Substations Introduction and Overview 2003 16 Kim G S and H H Lee A study on IEC 61850 based communication for intelligent electronic devices in Science and Technology 2005 KORUS 2005 Proceedings The 9th Russian Korean International Symposium on 2005 IEEE References 101 17 Brunner C The impact of IEC 61850 on protection 2008 18 IEC IEC61850 9 2 Specific communication service mapping SCSM Mapping on an IEEE 802 3 based process 19 Janssen M and A Apostolov IEC 61850 impact on substation design in Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition 2008 T amp x00026 D IEEE PES 2008 IEEE 20 Apostolov A and B Vandiver Testing requirements for IEC 61850 based devices in Power Systems Conference Advanced Metering Protection Control Communication and Distributed Resources 2007 PSC 2007 2007 IEEE 21 IEC 61850 7 2 Communication Networks and Systems in Substations Part 7 2 Basic Communication structure for substations and feeder equipment 22 IEC 61850 7 3 Communication Networks and Systems in Substations Part 7 3 Basic Communication structure fo
90. n is done in Rack designer tool in EuroCap software This tool can also be used to allocate the correct location of the analog input modules IEC 61850 configuration is done in Communication Configurator tool in EuroCap software By using this tool all IEC 61850 related configurations including creating Data Sets DS and GOOSE Control Blocks GCB are done in an explorer like interface Finally a logic is designed to make a relation between Distance Protection FB outputs and IEC 61850 GOOSE publisher FB GGIO The following will explain the configuration method of each tool in details 4 2 1 1 Distance protection parameter setting Web interface tool is used to adjust the distance parameters on the EuroProt Relay Figure 4 4 Operation Zonei Forward Zonei only start Zonei R 10 00 0 10 200 00 0 01 Zonei X 10 00 0 10 200 00 0 01 system settings Zonei Xo X1 3X1 1 00 0 00 5 00 0 01 a nai Zonei Ro R1 3R1 1 00 0 00 5 00 0 01 events Zonei Time Delay 0 0 60000 1 disturbance recorder Operation Zone2 Forward commands Zone2 only start network protectionHood Zone2 R 13 00 0 10 200 00 0 01 documentation sree 13 00 each Zone2 Xo X1 3X1 1 00 0 00 5 00 0 01 advanced Zone2 Ro R1 3R1 1 00 0 00 5 00 0 01 Default_set_1 v Zone2 Time Delay 400 0 60000 1 Get parameters _ SS SS ee Operation Zone3 Forward Figure 4 4 Web interface of EuroProt
91. nce Protecuon testine prota ecesna au es anaes eca ll eal 49 5 2 5 IEC 61350 Interiace m DRT S66 ssceca cco ectweaccr ta cenieace a cietaee eae eee 50 Bad INCEWOEK Aid y Zen SON IW AUC ae assets osha satntuaa A a a E 51 De DT AC KOO eona ras aie cia candid cg apse aaa NS 52 I GOOSE AE a S S 52 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 EnV IrOnMEN I aiun E A A 53 EET E E ar E E E E E Mer er teeere rte 53 4 2 Software tools configuration eeeessssssssssssssseceteereeossssssssssssssecttererssssssssssssseeectereeessssssssssssses 56 4 2 1 DIVA Protection Relay configuration cccccccccceccceecccceeesaseeessesseeeeececeeeeeeeseaaaaeeeeessses 56 4 2 1 1 Distance protection parameter setting csssesessssseeeccccceeceeeeeaasseeeesseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 57 A212 Hardware confie UT AMON ss a r E a aial 58 A ANd IBC O1 8 50 CONE Ura Oi cuei E 59 4 2 1 3 1 Introducing GGIO Logical Node cc ccccssssssssseeeeeeecceeeeeeeeeeeaaaseeeseees 60 AZ Ne TOSC DESI sais ached wetadetactieh Gen gthed a a a a 62 4 2 1 5 Final Configuration for Distance protection and GOOSE publisher FBs 63 4 2 1 5 1 Configuration in Logic Editor Program cccccsssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeees 63 4 2 1 5 2 Configuration of Communication Configurator tool cccesessseeeeeees 64 LAL TeC Be UT O18 ats 8 Rect 0 0 een ee ne me ne enna enn ANIME eT Se eo NE
92. nce Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Chapter 5 Conclusion 5 1 Summary IEC 61850 is the new global standard for communications in substations The standard seems to be here to stay since it covers all aspects of substation automation and is future proof However every new technology brings its own complexity together with improving the existing systems The primary aim of this research was to gain a greater understanding of how the IEDs communicate to each other on the station level in a substation automation system SAS This was achieved through a testing practice of a native IEC 61850 protection relay and a non conventional test equipment By using a third party network analyzer software the GOOSE messages transferring on the station level were captured and analyzed to give a better understanding of what is going on in the backstage of the IEDs in an automated substation From now on utilities need to have sufficient knowledge of how IEC 61850 protection systems Operate as it is essential for ongoing maintenance of the substations Testing the non conventional protection relays is still a challenge for testing Engineers technicians as there 1s not enough knowledge in this field As IEC 61850 has introduced the new concepts in electrical substations there might not be any more hardwires in the protection panels and so the signals cannot be checked visually to make sure that they are linked to the correct IEDs The testing personn
93. nce aeaccamania acm aaaecacie ace one acoacnemancacnenacasonce aereueaatenomomanacaatecoemannces 26 2 8 2 REPON COMU OL DIOCKS coins dicte tetra casei uiene anon denat chee uot uteiae anaes le 27 20 3 GOOSE Control BIOCKS riesene sandcnsoatweeeetaun domes nuns ones aeadetoaiaeneauecemen anes 28 2 9 Substation Configuration description Language SCL cccccccccccccccscesesssssseesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaas 29 2 9 1 SCE General CONCEP et sane a somata cen tenenomaatates 29 2 9 2 Engineen concept of SCL mv IBC 61 850 6 rrinin E a 30 F210 2 agro ams 11 Bi ee eC ee ne Ce ne een eer 32 ATOE TOn RE 2 ae nee meron Cea tenn nt STN Toe a or et rece mre enone tre OneCart A rere 32 SEEBECK OU a E E A Gannseauecnevestencmesees 32 3 1 2 Distance Protection in EuroProt DTVA series eesssesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss 33 Sella Distance Protection INTPOOUC HON soser E aentedeepaouabenmneess 34 PEAR CAN P Che cs ket ns as ata seo ante bl nk a eA Dh toate set Garde ne eae Sine Gate sea mien atten 36 Skee PU and Communication MOGUIG acieteielactkeclelactccacettnas A 36 3 1 4 2 Human Machine Interface HMI module 2 0 0 ec ceeccceseccceecsceecseesesseeeeseeeees 37 ALAS POWEE SUD PLY UN lecas a a 38 3 1 4 4 Analog Input cards Current and Voltage modules ccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 38 3 1 4 5 Digital Input card Binary Input module nenossssesosooeeennnsssssssssssssssseerereessnssssssssssss 38 3 1 4 6 Digital Outpu
94. nd reliably of the communication backbone for the station and process buses in the substation Consider basic features of communication systems proposed by IEC 61850 such as functional hierarchy OSI 7 layer based communication and process bus To obtain complete advantages of the standard it is important to consider all the major issues Chapter 5 Conclusion related to practical implementation The challenge is to implement new communication architecture such as process bus and station bus Further the overall substation functional and planning issues some possible solutions to several major implementation need to be investigated 7 In order to implement an IEC 61850 communication system there needs to be a complete understanding of the methods tools and technologies associated with the communication network protocol and messaging underpinning the services The IEC 61850 standard allows for communication between devices within a substation where a peer to peer model for Generic Substation Events GSE services is used for fast and reliable communication between IEDs One of the messages associated with the GSE services 1s the Generic Object Oriented Substation Event GOOSE message A detailed analysis of the structure for the GOOSE message is required for fault diagnosis or when developing hardware that is compliant with the IEC 61850 standard This is one of the stated objectives of the Centre for Substation Automation and Energy Manage
95. nough to provide the required power to the system Redundant power supply cards extend system availability in case of outage of any power source Main features of the standard power supply modules are e 30W and 60W power versions PS 1030 PS 1060 e 80V 300VDC input range AC power also supported 36 3 1 4 4 Analog Input cards Current and Voltage modules Current module is an input card with intermediate current transformers to input the phase currents and the zero sequence current The rated current for the phase current and for the zero sequence current can be selectable by parameter If the device performs voltage related functions over under voltage directionality distance protection or the voltage is to be sampled for the disturbance recorder then Voltage module is needed 34 3 1 4 5 Digital Input card Binary Input module The inputs are galvanic isolated and the module converts high voltage signals to the voltage level and format of the internal circuits This module is also used as an external IRIG B synchronization or PPM Pulse Per Minute input Dedicated synchronization input is used for this purpose 34 3 1 4 6 Digital Output cards Signaling and tripping modules The signaling module has 4 8 12 or 16 relay outputs with dry contacts The tripping module is a proprietary and patented Protecta solution that facilitates direct control of a circuit breaker 34 These modules are not used in this project as out
96. nt Transformers Power Transformers Circuit Breakers Energy Meters Transducers Power Quality Meters Ground Grids and Batteries 3 2 4 Distance Protection testing program TDMS software has a dedicated program for testing distance protection relays called Distance 21 Figure 3 19 Distance 21 program is designed as a watch and play software so the end Chapter 3 Analysis 49 user would not need to refer to the user manual frequently The software takes the user through all required steps for testing a distance protection function in a simple procedure TDMS Test amp Data Management Software 6 5 3 IEC Browser Le le IL File Options Security Programs Control Network Tree isa TDMS TEST AND DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE E PROTECTIVE RELAY TEST MODULES PRIMARY SECONDARY TESTING mu FOR DRTS FAMILY Ee CT VTIP OR T 1000 T 2000 T 3000 gt Manual Control Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TEST PROGRAM gt Sequencer File Header Info Languages Oltalsalo el l H mpm am gt Distance Relay Library i Network Test selection Test Results gt Synchrocheck 25 NONE Test type gt Loss of Field 40 Source parameters Test mode r CT side FD gt Overcurrent 50 51 67 zs 2 0002 Kes 1 000 eee tne tee cabd gt Directional 67N 75 000 0 000 ZS const C Busbar gt Power Swing 68 Line parameters gt Out of step 78 KE given as Separate Arc resist Z lo
97. ntact can be applied to the physical BI or this BI can be activated in the relay simulation mode For this research the binary input 1s activated in the simulation mode Figures 4 31 and 4 32 show activating Bin0603 in the relay web interface Simulate binary inputs Input simulator mode Disable CB_On SOTF SynsSW Start BIn0603 BIn 604 Figure 4 31 The default status of BIn0603 that has been assigned to second GGIO Input disabled Simulate binary inputs Input simulator mode Disable CB _ On SOTF Reset SynSW Start BInd6ods Bindeo 4 Figure 4 32 BIn0603 is now enabled in simulation mode d Once checking the GOOSE packets in Wireshark software the status change is seen for the second input of GGIO FB Figure 4 33 shows the change of the Boolean value of the second input or DO from False to True Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 79 72 2012399000 Protecta_OO 00 97 lec Tc5 _01 00 00 GOOSE 155 Ethernet II Src Protecta_00 00 97 00 22 dd 00 00 97 GOOSE APPID Ox0001 1 Length 141 Reserved 1 0x0000 0 Reserved 2 Ox0000 0 goosePdu gocbRef ISA_TESTLDO LLNO GO Testing_GGIO_GSECB timeAl lowedtoLive 1050 datset I5SA_TESTLDO LLNO TeSting_GGIO_Dataset goID Protecta t i Apr 9 2013 21 56 44 114998519 UTC stNum 3 sqgNum 4 9 test False confRev 2 ndscom False numDbatsSetEntries 2 El all
98. o manage the protection function settings and IEC 61850 parameters Several correspondences were made with the Engineering team of Protecta in Hungry to get the relay firmware ready for the research requirements This includes modifying the relay software and adding some function blocks FB and firmware bug fix 3 Test equipment A non conventional secondary injection testing equipment shall be provided to support station level functions part 8 1 of the standard 5 DRTS66 test set with IEC 61850 8 1 interface from ISA manufacturer is chosen to inject the analog values to the relay and receive the virtual trips So the relay trip outputs are all going through the Station Bus as virtual contacts to binary inputs of the test set to stop analog injection without any hardwires Again contacts with manufacturer 6 Chapter 1 Introduction ISA were initiated to report the software bugs and fix them for this research 4 Third party network analyzer software tool The aim of this research is to elaborate the contents of the GOOSE signals carrying the virtual contacts from the GOOSE publisher function block in protection relay sender to the GOOSE subscriber in the test set receiver So a third party software tool is needed to analyze the station level network and capture the GOOSE messages For this purpose different software tools are tested and finally Wireshark application is chosen Wireshark is a free and open source network analyzer that is
99. of GGIO FB DAIL name t DOI names Indz HEDA names siv al DAI name q Making anew DS e aiak M using stVal DAs gt DAl name datas DOI names Inda t Dataset Properties Datasets Dataset name Description New DataSet Testing GGIO_DataSet Hew Dataset Set Dataset Delete Dataset fL elete BDA FLDA Ur FCDA Ldlnst Pretix LaClass Lrinst ba ame Dah ame FL M LDO INS GGla 1 aal ST VO Loo INg GGO 1 stal ST Figure 4 21 State values stVal of the first two inputs of GGIO LN are used to make a new Data Set Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 73 2 Creating a new GOOSE Control Block using the created Dataset The name for GCB is seen in GOOSE subscriber IED and Wireshark software Figure 4 22 shows this process The Testing GGIO Dataset that was created in the previous step is now used to make a new GCB named Testing GGIO_GSECB Control Block Properties GOOSE Control CB Name LAN ID PRIORITY Block Name Testing_GGIO_GSECB 4 Use VLAN tag O01 4 Description MAC Address Testing _GGIO_GSECE 01 0C CO 01 00 00 GolD APPID Dataset ConfRev Delete CB DatasetName 4 Testing GGIO DataSet Sekeh Dataset Properties Datasets Dataset name Description Testing GGIO_DataSet Testing_GGIO_DataSet New Dataset Set Dataset Delete Dataset Delete FCDA FEDA Up FCDA Dn FCDA Ldlnst Pretix Lnllass Lninet Doh am
100. on 4 2 1 5 And Wireshark is ready and tested to capture the virtual trips in the GOOSE messages coming from protection relay By using virtual pushbuttons the functionality of GGIO FB is verified Section 4 3 1 The inputs of the GGIO FB can come from any source such as a Matrix column Physical BI as tested in previous section or a FB such as Distance protection Once the trip output of Distance FB is activated 0 to 1 the stVal of the DA of the GGIO input are changed and the related GCB carries this signal as a broadcast message on the Station Bus The GOOSE subscriber IED test equipment will then take this GOOSE message as a virtual trip to stop the analog injection to the EuroProt relay So the test program can calculate the trip times for different distance zones without any hardwired trip contacts Two types of tests are normally performed for Distance protection testing R X characteristic verification test and Time zone test The following sections will discuss these test types for testing EuroProt relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment After connecting the PC with TDMS software to the test equipment and loading the RIO file from the relay to the test program the 4 zones nominal characteristic of the relay is appeared on the R X pane in Distrance21 program Figure 4 34 show the 4 zone characteristic of EuroProt relay and general distance functions in Distance21 program Network Test sele
101. one Reduct Angle Rload 97 gt _ gt Angle 4th Quad Load encroachment Figure 3 3 Distance protection Polygon shaped characteristics 32 Table 3 1 shows the names used for protection function LN as introduced in IEC61850 7 4 23 and IEEE C37 2 33 Table 3 1 Distance protection names in IEEE and IEC 61850 standards Protection Function IEEE C37 2 Function IEC 61850 Logical Node Number In order to classify whether the calculated fault is inside or outside of a protection zone distance zones are used A distance protection relay normally has different zones used for different purposes This is called step distance schemes and have at least three zones These three zones have been developed to allow satisfactory discrimination to protect transmission lines with distance protection function The first zone trips with no time delay and extends from the protection relay point to a location just short of the remote busbar This is commonly set to 80 90 of the line impedance Second zone is to provide remote backup protection for the remainder of line including next zone in the protection scheme which is commonly the remote busbar Minimum reach setting 120 of the line impedance is usually applied with a timer setting of 400 600 milliseconds 15 30 cycles for transmission circuits The third zone reaches beyond zone 2 and is configured to provide remote backup for equipment failure embedded at remote terminal F
102. onfiguration contains the logical nodes describing the data model as well as the default datasets and report control blocks A maximum of four datasets with the report control blocks are created by default depending on the data model of the configuration Those datasets contain the most important data object 1 e protection start and operate signals and statuses If this default arrangement is acceptable to the user then no further communication engineering is needed Otherwise the IEC61850 configurator serves as an advanced engineering tool An ICD file for a system integrator is automatically generated together with the other run time files by clicking Generate code amp parameter files A SCD file from the system integrator can Chapter 3 Analysis 45 also be accepted using the Import in IED Description menu As explained in Section 2 8 and according to IEC 61850 part 6 29 integration process 1s required for IEC 61850 systems It 1s the preferred way to import the SCD file from substation configuration tool into EuroCap software however it 1s also possible to do it manually The EuroProt device supplied with a default IEC61850 configuration The functional LNs cannot be changed by the end user they are hardwired to the device s function blocks There is a limited access to the LN names prefix and suffix can be changed The integrated communication configuration software of the EuroCap grants the user to change the rema
103. onitoring direction Vertical communication and also for GOOSE messages in horizontal direction 28 DSs are used to define the values of DOs or DAs to be transmitted in case of a value change of one of their members Figure 2 12 shows a Data Set named Start in the explorer layout where all information related to DOs start Str of different Protection function blocks are put into one data set 26 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems AED ISA_TEST Name Start i La LDO Description aM LH LNO IE BI_DataSet A Meas J lig New_DataSet f i Operate li status FCDA Edited dataset LDO Start 84 ecko 2 l ie Wo LDO Z1PDIS1 5T 5tr rch Str Hii 3 LDO Z1PDIS2 S1 Str h BI_GSECE 4 LDO ZIPDIS3 5T Str na iid v5 LDO Z1PDIS4 ST Str DO Beh Wg LDO Z1PDIS5 5T 5tr DO Health CE7 LDO PSBRPSB1SSTsstr DO NamPlt Iw 3 LDO F IPTOC1 5T 5tr b DO LEDRS 9 _ LDO TRPDIF 1 ST Str W LPHDL W 10 LDO F3PTOC2SSTSStr gt W LM Z3PDIS1 W ii LDOO FRPTOF1SST str W GH ZIPDIS1 12 LDOFRPTUFI ST Str gt lw CH ZIPDIS2 W 13 LDO DFPFRC1SSTSStr M C Z1PDIS3 14 LDO F3PTOC1 5T Str hw LH FIBRE Figure 2 12 Example of a Data Set Start As a general rule all data objects or their data attributes can be selected for a data set All data sets are part of one logical node as per IEC 61850 7 2 clause 9 They are commonly included in the LLNO Section 2 5 1 2 8 2 Repor
104. ontains common device properties for any IED such as name plate and heath report The explorer layout of LPHD logical node is shown in Figure 2 3 a AED ISA_TEST el 1 4 Lo LDO Loe a tM LPHD1 fb DO PhyNam DO PhyHealth DO Proxy M i Z3PDIS1 M LH ZIPDIS1 W LM ZIPDIS2 LH ZIPDIS3 Figure 2 3 Explorer layout for data model for logical node LPHD The logical node LNO or LLNO is a special logical node which exists in each LD and contains common data for all LNs of a LD such as Data Sets DS logs GODOSE GSSE Control Blocks CB and Sampled Value SV Control Blocks There might be more than one logical device in an IED for different applications such as Protection and Control In this case it is recommended to have a fixed logical device called LDO to retain the common data of all LN in the IED Figure 2 4 16 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Control Logical Device LD1 Protection Logical Figure 2 4 Object modeling for an IED with more than one LD As mentioned before a data model is a set of data describing settings status information measured values and controlled values of a logical function and might be routed to some Bay level or Station level IEDs This data is classified in smaller entities called Data Objects DO and each DO contains a number of Data Attributes DA Figure 2 5 shows hierarchical modeling concept Physical De
105. ools used for this research project It continues with the detailed background and operation of each equipment and software with some figures to demonstrate the main idea of the tool The next chapter explains the test bed consists of these devices and the results 52 Chapter 3 Analysis Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Introduction This chapter provides the information of how the theory described in previous chapters comes into practice In order to achieve the goals of this research such a practical work needs to be performed The key achievement of this research is to capture the GOOSE messages transferring on the Station Bus between IEDs and study the DAs embedded in the GCBs The results help the test engineers technicians to have a better understanding of what is going on in the background of the testing software and IED configuration tool The practical work first needs the basic theoretical structure of EuroProt Protection relay and then utilizing that theory into practice So the laboratory works are divided in two parts l Pre laboratory Works 2 Laboratory Works Pre laboratory works include the analysis of IEC 61850 standard software tools and the equipment used for the test bed These have been discussed in chapter two and three of this thesis A further analysis on some relay logical functions such as GOOSE publisher FB still require to be covered for the prac
106. op gt Differential 87 G ZE ZL T LN TiN gt Relay Test Plan Editor C RE RL amp XE XL ru gt Advanced Relay Test Plan Editor same OF fax sll cones 3 S gt Playback Waveform si gt Transcope weer ENERGY METERS TRANSDUCERS mm AND PQ METERS TEST MODULES FOR DRTS FAMILY gt Energy Meters 5 5 Vnom V Vmax Vv f0 0 _ gt Transducers EA m 63 500 v 100 0 V zone 2 5 and Inom A Imax A gt Power Quality Meters 00 40 if ca poy b 3 0 0192 2 00 I pre A Vde v F Figure 3 19 Distance 21 program in TDMS software Distance 21 program has the following features 38 e Capability to load a RIO format file e Capability to load a result generated with DISTANCE 21 and repeat all the tests included e Results are saved in a database format MDB as defined by Microsoft Access e Capability to define a specific characteristic using our built in graphic editor e Capability to test a relay when its nominal characteristic is unknown 3 2 5 IEC 61850 Interface in DRTS66 The standard IEC 61850 describes the communication of devices in substations For relay testing applications within EC61850 substations it is necessary to access the data in the GOOSE messages DRTS test equipment family can be equipped with IEC61850 interface This interface together with the IEC 61850 tool in TDMS software will make the test set cable to detect the binary status of the virtual trip signals in the
107. ort a high level of integration between multi vendor IEDs plug and play functionality It should support high speed communication between IEDs to obtain the necessary response times below four milliseconds for protective relaying 10 It should support flexible configuration to allow a free allocation of functions along with different system architectures 11 It should have long term stability and technology independent to support future computer and communication technologies 11 2 3 Benefits of IEC 61850 standard Every new technology needs to improve the existing system by increasing reliability decreasing costs and making the system more convenient IEC 61850 has been showing deliverable benefits to small and large utilities The new requirements that IEC 61850 has introduced to electrical substations added some new costs for installation configuration and maintenance of passive and active networking equipment However it has saved lots of money on the costs compared to a conventional substation Using network messages instead of hard wires together with saving on design installation commissioning and operation can cover the new costs IEC 61850 capabilities and features go beyond the proprietary protocols such as IEC 60870 5 103 41 and DNP3 42 Distributed Network Protocol 11 The benefits of 10 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems IEC 61850 include High speed data ex
108. otection testing in IEC 61850 environment is carried out and will be explained step by step using a non conventional test set This includes setting the protection parameters in the relay software tool transferring the setting into the test equipment and testing different zones of a distance characteristic The whole procedure will show how to translate the IEC 61850 entities seen in the testing and relay programs into understandable articles As mentioned before this research will concentrate on the virtual signals that can be produced from any protection functions in the relay The reason that distance protection was chosen for this research was that it is one of the complicated protection functions and other protection functions such as over current and differential are tested in the same way when they come to IEC 61850 environment Also by testing a distance protection full functionality of a non conventional test set IEC 61850 8 1 compatible will be shown and compared to the conventional test sets 1 3 Research problems and research questions The main goal with this master research is to investigate the contents of the GOOSE messages transferring on the Station Bus These messages are normally used for interlocking and Chapter 1 Introduction 5 commands that previously went through hardwires in conventional substations Therefore in this research the concentration is on testing 61850 compatible relay in IEC 61850 environment to ana
109. put signals including trip commands are sent via GOOSE messages over the station bus 38 Chapter 3 Analysis 3 1 5 IED Configuration Tool EuroCap The EuroCap software is the general IED configuration tool for the EuroProt devices This is the Microsoft Windows based program and used to manage the hardware and software included in the device From the hardware and software perspective the EuroProt family is modular These modules are assembled and configured according to the user requirements then the functions of the device are determined by the software and parameter values 37 Hardware and software structure of EuroProt family is shown in Figure 3 7 Function blocks Figure 3 7 Hardware and software structure of EuroProt family 37 3 1 5 1 Hardware Configuration tool Rack Designer Rack designer program is a tool in EuroCap software that is used to select and assemble the hardware modules required for particular protection and control applications Figure 3 8 An IED consists of e Rack size of which can be selected full size or half size e Front panel the size of which is to be matched to the rack e Bus panel the size of which is to be matched to the rack e Several hardware modules 37 Rack designer tool allows the end user to add remove hardware modules or modify the factory configuration module arrangement Chapter 3 Analysis 39 E xs y EuroCAP ISA_DEMO_IED11_61 epc icala Rack Desi
110. r communication in IEC 61850 6 Ed 2 electrical substations related to IEDs Part 7 2 Basic information and communication structure IEC 61850 7 2 Abstract communication service interface ACSI Part 7 3 Basic communication structure for substations and IEC 61850 7 3 feeder equipment Common data classes Part 7 4 Basic communication structure Compatible logical node classes and data object classes IEC 61850 7 4 Part 8 1 Specific communication service mapping SCSM Mappings to MMS ISO 9506 1 and ISO 9506 2 and to ISO IEC 8802 3 IEC 61850 8 1 Part 9 2 Specific communication service mapping SCSM IEC 61850 9 2 Sampled values over ISO IEC 8802 3 An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in AMI IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level IEC 61850 10 Part 10 Conformance testing Telecontrol equipment and systems Transmission protocols IEC 60870 5 103 Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment IEEE Standard for Electric Power Systems Communications Pew Distributed Network Protocol DNP3 IEEE C372 IEEE Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function l Numbers Acronyms and Contact Designations IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Media IEEE 802 1Q 2011 Access Control MAC Bridges and Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks Corrigendum 2 Technical and editorial corrections
111. r substations and feeder equipment Common data classes 23 IEC 61850 7 4 Ed 2 FDIS 2010 Communication networks and system for power utility automation part 7 4 Basic communication structure Compatible logical node classes and data object classes 24 Kezunovi M T Djoki and T Kosti Automated monitoring and control using new data integration paradigm in System Sciences 2005 HICSS 05 Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 2005 IEEE 25 Baigent D et al IEC 61850 communication networks and systems in substations an overview for users in Proceedings of the VIII simposio iberoamericano sobre proteccion de sistemas electricos de potencia Monterey Mexico Citeseer 2004 26 Brand K P et al Requirements of interoperable distributed functions and architectures in IEC 61850 based SA systems Proc CIGRE 2006 27 IEC IEC61850 9 1 Specific communication service mapping SCSM Serial Unidirectional multidrop point to point link 28 Liang Y and R H Campbell Understanding and simulating the IEC 61850 standard 2008 29 IEC 61850 6 Ed 2 Communication networks and systems for power utility automation Part 6 Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs 30 IEC 61850 5 Communication Networks and Systems in Substations Part 5 Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models 31 EuroProt product intro
112. rid Communication in substation based on the IEC61850 standard that specifies Ethernet network for substation automation which provides an efficient performance This efficiency has been Chapter 5 Conclusion 93 94 introduced by means of high flexibility of configuring various architectures based on implementing Ethernet switches One of the future work can be to realistically investigate the reliability and availability for substation protection function based on Reliability Block Diagram RBD approach for practical substation architecture in different configuration Chapter 5 Conclusion Appendix A Test Results Search the R X Characteristic DTVA LOOP Manufacturer PROTECTA Model 2 Serial Number Session date 19 02 2013 his5 29 Operator Shawn Nick Instrument DRTS66 Instrument S N 2010 16991 1 Tolerances LL LiL LLN Zoe ae n r a a ee a ee LA 1 LA LA M 1 1 AOA 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 www 4 Mu uw occas aL TE ETE TE E ENE TE ETE D0000 TEE E 4 ooo WOW WW WW aa WoW WW Ww LW wa oo O wo WA Ti Appendix A Test Results 95 96 17 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1 0502 1 1 242 1 1 656 12 4273 0 932 12 473 1 242 12 423 1 655 13 556 0 932 13 856 1 242 13 856 1 656 271 518 0 932 33 541 1 242 45 255 1 656 19 297 0 932 27 713 1243 36 5 1 656 18 635 0 932
113. s Dataset name Description Virtual Trip DataSet Virtual Trip DataSet New Dataset Set Dataset Delete Dataset Delete FEDA FCDA Up FCDA Dr FEDA Ldlnst Pretix Lrillass Lnrinet Doh ame Dah ame FL Iw LOO INS GGIO 1 Ind af al ST Figure 4 13 Creating a new GCB for Virtual Trip using the existing Dataset Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 65 4 2 2 Test Equipment setup TDMS is a software to manage testing procedures for all ISA test equipment including primary and secondary injection devices Each function has a dedicated program in TDMS such as CT VT overcurrent protection and Differential protection programs In order to test a distance scheme using a DRTS66 test set Distance 21 program is used Figure 4 14 shows the main interface of TDMS software TA TDMS Test amp Data Management Software 6 4 6 File Options Security Programs Control Network Tree TDMS TEST AND DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE PROTECTIVE RELAY TEST MODULES FOR DRTS FAMILY gt Manual Control gt Sequencer gt Distance Relay Library gt Synchrocheck 25 gt Loss of Field 40 gt Overcurrent 50 51 67 gt Directional 67N gt Power Swing 68 gt Out of step 78 gt Differential 87 gt Relay Test Plan Editor gt Advanced Relay Test Plan Editor gt Playback Waveform Figure 4 14 ISA TDMS Test software 4 2 2 1 TDMS parameter setting In order to test a dist
114. s a new approach to trace virtual signals over the IEC61850 station bus by testing a protection function of a native IEC61850 protection relay using a non conventional test set by analyzing the contents of GOOSE messages Generic Object Oriented Substation Event that are used as virtual contacts in very low level j An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Table of Contents Page KVO ee PCR POSE ERS PRT A REC RE OnE OEE EU PRRT RET SR ORE One eee ER i ADS ACU are ete eee ce ii Table OR COMIN onin ea E A O O ene iii LCORL CUr S E E EA vii List of Labese ee eS eee X List OF A DIFC ViatlOUS senescsono nar hen ecae ecole hee X Listof Standard S ricse n ee ee er xiii Statement of Original Authorship 0000000000eeeeeeeeeeeeeseessesesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss XV Acknowledo Meni S ee mee ne E N E E xvi Chapter UTC OU CON Ossi so ica arcsec E a ae ica 1 I AC OO MINA E codecaamapivenee cae tautictmcht sicagse suse te asi t on aganeue tanh ot cgiaacasesoaeastekoasuensocesileceen l Tadesl What are Protection Relays ties 4icossececasdeseidlstoastta choraediansielaetuiet R 2 1 1 2 Old protection relay technology VS Modern computer based relay technology 2 k2 Motivation Or THIS Tese AT C innesco 4 1 3 Research problems and research questions sssesssseeeececceecee
115. s called Goose Explorer This program is to capture the GOOSE messages on the Station Bus and link them the main testing program Figure 4 36 shows how to access IEC 61850 8 1 software interface to setup the virtual inputs for distance testing 82 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment amp Distance 21 DISTANCE RELAY TEST PROGRAM File Header Info Languages a Ol teal sa S tlel H Ml gt Ol Mm Se i Results Test type Automatic test R X x General Functions Advanced Functions C Click and test C Sequence Verify the R X characteristic Verify nominal values R gt C Verify blinders C Automatic time zone test Z t Verify Nominal Times Test angles WZ Fault All Ph gnd AVA in Startangle 0 00 J Testat this angle only ha ANI Stop angle 360 00 Offsetz 0 009 Step angle 15 00 Offset phz 45 00 Zones to test 1 Ext dooms a Go gl gis gly s mls Starter 117 iz is i147 15 i167 i177 Tej 19 Perform Border test Bic of sg sf gts a a a gs mi Starter it Wz Wal as as 16f oe 18f 1 Figure 4 36 Setting BIs for distance testing conventional and non conventional digital inputs Once the Goose Explorer program is opened the station bus is explored to capture any GOOSE messages broadcasting on the network Figure 4 37 shows the Goose Explorer software interface ins
116. s e e FEF eee ee ee es _ lt E Figure 3 1 EuroProt DTVA Distance protection relay 31 The practical implementation of the IEC 61850 standard was done using EuroProt relay 3 1 2 Distance Protection in EuroProt DTVA series EuroProt is a multifunction protection relay that supports various protection functions DTV A series of EuroProt was designed for distribution and transmission feeder protection and control applications This series provide full functionality for power lines and cables including 5 zone distance protection of quadrilateral or Mho characteristics and 2 or 3 end line differential function The main features of the relays belong to DTVA series are e Web interface tool for complete device handling e High capacity heavy duty trip contacts 4A 220V DC breaking capacity e Enhanced breaker monitoring e Built in PLC for user logic e Full bay control feature 31 The EuroProt t DTVA relays measure three phase currents and voltages and sequence components of the protected feeders These measurements allow in addition to the current and voltage based functions directionality extension of the configured phase and residual overcurrent function and also directional overpower or underpower functions The main protection function in this application is the distance protection function The distance protection function can generate three phase or single phase trip commands depending on the Chapter 3
117. s of the Distance function block FB to be used in IEC 61850 station level In order to achieve this the factory default relay logic is modified in a way that the arriving signals at the test equipment play the virtual trip role As shown in Figure 4 10 the trip signals of each distance zone are marshaled into the Trip Logic FB TRC This makes the relay to use the physical contacts to command the circuit breakers CB in the field or the test equipment in a conventional substation In the substation equipped with the IEC 61850 8 1 virtual trips may be used instead of hardwire tripping So by using the publisher FB GGIO the output signals of each FB such as Distance protection are encapsulated into GOOSE messages and transferred over the Station Bus 62 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Distance Protection FB Distance Trip outputs Figure 4 10 Trip signals of Distance FB in Logic Editor tool 4 2 1 5 Final Configuration for Distance protection and GOOSE publisher FBs The purpose of this stage is to design the relay logic as per Section 4 2 1 4 to make the relay ready to interact in an IEC 61850 8 1 environment In order to use the virtual outputs of GGIO instead of conventional contacts the following steps are done in Logic Editor and Communication Configurator tools in EuroCap software 4 2 1 5 1 Configuration in Logic Editor Program Three phase trip outp
118. ser Status value is created in Logic Editor and then this status is used in Software configuration tool Figure 4 19 shows the process of creating an Always True status in the Logic Editor tool The status True is selected from input connections and marshaled to an output connection that is called a here Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 71 Sheets Common Figure 4 19 Creating an Always True status in Logic Editor tool 66 99 The output connection a is now seen in software configurator as an object The next step is to use this status to make a new Matrix row Figure 4 20 shows the process of using output connection a to make a matrix row that represents an always true signal in Matrix tool _ y EuroCAP ISA_DEMO_IED11_92_1 4 2 6_9 2 2014 epc I File Edit Project View Language Help D we E no ly e Em E Ei ee Produced for Protecta Ltd 4 ISA_DEMO_IED11 Hardware configuration Rows 2 4 4 Software configuration Title Type Ix MxRowi6 TOC67NStart 0012 Matixrow 15 MxRow17 TOC67N Trip 0012 Matrixrow 16 MxRow18 IOC Trip 0012 Matrixrow 17 MxRowi9 TOC50Trip 0012 Matrixrow 18 MxRow28 TOF81Trip 0012 Matrixrow 19 MxRow281 TUF81 Trip 0012 Matrixrow 20 MxRow282 FRC81 Trip 0012 Matrixrow 21 MxRow20 2ndharm 0012 Matrixrow 22 MxRow21 Sthharm 0012 Matrixrow 23 g n m i MxRow22 Tripli 0012
119. serious limitations on transferring data between protection devices and also to the higher substation levels such as HMI and SCADA Al the binary signals between smart devices 1 e interlock applications and analog signals from primary plant secondary currents and voltages Chapter 1 Introduction 3 were transmitted by hard wires Also integrating multi vendor smart devices in a substation was difficult as each manufacturer used their proprietary communication protocols In a nutshell in the conventional protection schemes all primary equipment such as circuit breakers CT VTs and power transformers are connected to the secondary system using the hardwires There is normally a single function in the old relays so that lots of equipment are used to protect control and monitor a substation bay On the other hand in the modern protection schemes smart protection relays support more functions in one piece of device This is the result of the huge development of computer technologies that are used in power system protection So a single intelligent device can support different functions such as protection control metering and fault recording Nowadays all protection relay manufacturers are trying to comply with different parts of IEC 61850 standard 61850 compatible relays replace most of the hard wires with a few network cables and improve the system performance at the same time By taking advantage of the latest electronics communication and
120. st Event sync Services Event SV GOOSE TimeSync MMS Protocol Suite SNTP Type 4 Type 1 1A Type 6 Type 2 3 5 UDP IP TCP IP ISO CO GSSE T Profile T Profile T Profile I I ISO IEC 8802 2 LLC eee SS ee ISO IEC 8802 3 Ethertype GSSE Type 1 1A ISO IEC 8802 3 Figure 2 10 Overview of IEC 61850 Protocol Stack structure Page 19 of IEC 61850 8 1 standard document 5 2 7 2 Client Server and Peer Peer communications 2 7 2 1 GOOSE and MMS There are two types of data transfer required in the SA system from the communication speed perspective l Basic communication services that transfer large blocks of data for configuration or monitoring of the IEDs These services are mapped to the MMS through TCP IP and ISO CO protocol 25 ACSI as defined in IEC 61850 7 2 21 describes a set of services that provide client server type interaction between applications and servers in a SA system vertical communication 25 Client server communication makes the data transmission very flexible as it is the client that controls the data exchange with Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 23 the server By using this concept all data will be available to every interested parties in the station level such as protection Engineers as well as the operators 13 2 Critical communication services that need high speed data transmission for transferring small blocks of dat
121. standard defines GOOSE Control Blocks GoCB or GCB that reside in LNO of any LD GoCB distributes the input and output data values between IEDs in horizontal direction on the Bay level Whenever two or more IEDs are to exchange functions data the GOOSE message will be used 1 e interlock applications In order to send a GOOSE message a GoCB needs to be created from a Data Set that have DOs and DAs to be sent GoCBs must comply with the GoCB class definition shown in Table 2 2 that is described in part 7 2 of the standard 21 Table 2 2 GoCB class definition page 109 of IEC 61850 7 2 standard document 21 GoCB class Attribute name Attribute type TrgOp Value value range explanation GoCBName ObjectName feo j Instance name of an instance of GoCB ObjectReference ico Path name of an instance of GoCB Enabled TRUE disabled FALSE GO VISIBLE STRING65 Attribute that allows a user to assign a system unique identification for the application that is issuing the GOOSE DEFAULT GoCBRef Services SendGOOSEMessage GetGoReference GetGOOSEElementNumber GetGoCBValues SetGoCBValues 28 Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems Figure 2 14 shows an explorer layout of a GoCB that transmits binary status of the inputs of function block GGIO IEC 61850 communication settings 44ED ISA_TEST 451 Name BI_GCB 4 t0 LDO 4 amp LNO BI_DataSet Goose ID BI_GSECB T Meas Dataset
122. t Control Blocks In order to transfer messages to a client IEC 61850 standard provided Report Control Block RCB to specify how the messages are transmitted Depending on the nature of the transmitted message horizontal or vertical there are two types of RCBs known as buffered and unbuffered RCBs Unbuffered Report Control Block URCB stores the message during the communication interrupt whereas Buffered Report Control Block BRCB send the message upon the data change promptly Figure 2 13 shows an explorer layout of a RCB for a measurement DS Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 2 44ED ISA_TEST Name rcb_Meas i i LDO Description a LNO Report ID rcb_Meas Luli BI DataSet Dataset Trigger dchg True ol Trigger qchg True E me Trigger dupd False Trigger period False Buffered False Buffer time ms 500 Rot enabled max 4 h BI_GSECB aa akni gt DO Mod DO Beh Dataset LDO Meas DO Health DO NamPlt FCDA Edited dataset LDO Meas 42 100 ic pa M 1 LDO FLORFLOISMxXSFItDiskm 4 OM Z3PDISL wa EA M GM ZiPDISi v3 LDO WMMXU 1 MX PPV F S Z4PDIS2 Wo4 LOO VWMMXULSMxSPhV Ge Z1PDIS3 MoS LDO PQSMMXU 1SMxsTotw fw tie ZIPDIS4 We LDD PQSMMXU 1 MX TotVAr fw th ZIPDISS IF LOO PQOSMMXUISMXSTotvA OM SFRSOFL Vs LDO HZMMXU1SMx Hz Figure 2 13 RCB for a Measurement Data Set 2 8 3 GOOSE Control Blocks In order to manage GOOSE messages part 7 2 21 of the
123. t card Signaling and tripping modules cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeees 38 3 1 5 IED Configuration Toll EuroCap ccccccccccsssssssssssseeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeaeaaeaeesesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneaaas 39 3 1 5 1 Hardware Configuration tool Rack Designer cccccssseseseeeeseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaeeeeees 39 31 32 Funcion BIOCKS TOO ccecicd as ce caccdectl aves ecendecvacd ei a ia 4 3 1 5 3 Online setting tool Web Server arnis e a 41 iv An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level ESEM soc caida cre na a ees ih ne ts I at ah asf Ses he OL IS hd a dk 42 KLI SVOME setine tool ETOS iaria E E 43 3125 6 LCD Contisuration t00l LCD Editor aace Bee ee ea 43 Sido Graphical Losie ROOF wxisick eich tetticcelst a thadelcaiedeta bees eacnste hae icaleaels 44 5AD 01EG 61550 Comic uration Olene de ies hei A eed de hae 45 3 1 5 8 1 Data Model in IEC 61850 configuration tool sesssssssssososeeenesesssssssssssssee 46 3 2 Non conventional Testing Equipment ssrsseu iera a 47 O27 MB ack Ground icsiescacnaie a ietacee ceca taencesnase me aca crasomnaaesaces ase Maden eiassnaees eee 47 322 FLATOW ATC SPECIFIC AUIOM cers tsetse Sa aise ep ahied aan a bane ani ceablaes 49 DiZ DS DOLWALC WOO neice tice acancnceitacieh ae ncntmates etasc asec cuea seem ao aenenatee metaua concn mien chet aaanenemalee net ac cmon auumens 49 9 24 Dista
124. t naming of Current and Voltage measurement functions 22 Figure 2 10 Overview of IEC 61850 Protocol Stack structure Page 19 of IEC 61850 8 1 standard document I karne a a a a S 23 Figure 2 11 IEC 61850 Communication Structure eeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeereeeeeeeeeeeereeereeeeesees 24 Pisur 212 Examiple or a Datar et Start are E E E 27 Preure2 13 RCB fora Wieasurement DataSet roruneresironiaor sE ERE NE 28 Figure 2 14 Explorer layout of a GoCB GCB consists of DAs for binary status of a function block E T E E T E A 29 Figure 2 15 The use of Substation Configuration Language SCL ccccccececceeceeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeees 31 Figure 3 1 EuroProt DTVA Distance protection relay 31 ssssssssseeeeeesssssssssssssssscerrreeseessssssssssses 33 Figure 3 2 Distance protection function in EuroProt multifunction Relay cceeeeeeeeeeeeeees 34 Figure 3 3 Distance protection Polygon shaped characteristics 32 ccccsccssseeecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeseees 35 Pisure 34s Protection Zone OT AGIN x as cas irisetsaieaiese hein tess a eda iisdede 36 Ficare 3 5 CPW and communicanon Board 39 reses Panos anion ves uaatessvnss ss Drluniotaniieneteslctesuunsnels 37 Figure 3 6 BuroProt HM module 34 sacsivsciicctechieath iaiedlacidaiedvescticteshdeadl a ieee 37 Figure 3 7 Hardware and software structure of EuroProt family 37 ccccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeees 39 Figure 3 8 Modi
125. tains 5 following parts which are defined in SCL syntax elements in Clause 9 of IEC 61850 6 29 Clause 9 1 Header serves to identify an SCL configuration file and its version and to specify options for the mapping of names to the signals Clause 9 2 Substation description defines the functional structure and its relation to primary devices It also has used LNs and their relation to the primary equipment Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 29 Clause 9 3 IED description covers a definition of the complete IED as it is required for SA communication services the access points and the IEDs logical devices LNs and their DAs Clause 9 4 Communication system description describes the connection between the IED access points to the respective sub network and includes also the properties addresses of the access points Clause 9 5 Data type templates contain a declaration of all types used in the SCL file LN type DO types and Das 29 2 9 2 Engineering concept of SCL in IEC 61850 6 IEC 61850 6 edition 2 29 introduces four types of common files Based on a System Specification Description SSD and IED Capability Description ICD files the system configuration tool is used to configure the substation The result is the Substation Configuration Description SCD file that is then used in IED configuration tools to generate Configured IED Description CID that will be downloaded to the IEDs All
126. testing IEDs without using PC 48 Chapter 3 Analysis DRTS 66 supports two PC interfaces USB and Ethernet that can be used to control the test set from a local or remote PC with TDMS software TDMS is a software package for testing protection relays energy and power quality meters and transducers Section 3 2 3 3 2 2 Hardware specification e Simultaneously available 6 Current and 6 e Voltage plus 1 battery simulator outputs e High current outputs 6 x 32 A 3 x 64 A 1 x 128A e High power outputs 6 x 430 VA 3 x 860 VA 1 x 1000 VA e 4 Binary Outputs Relays AC 300 V 8 A 2400 VA DC 300 V 8 A 50 W e Internal memory 256 Mb internal memory suitable to store in the test set approximately 2 000 test results e High accuracy outputs better than 0 05 e JEC61850 protocol interface e USB and Ethernet interface e Pen drive interface e IRIG B interface for end to end tests 38 3 2 3 Software tool TDMS is a powerful software package providing data management for acceptance and maintenance testing activities Electrical apparatus data and test results are saved in the TDMS database for historical results analysis TDMS software organizes test data and results for the majority of electrical apparatus tested with ISA test sets and related software It also has a powerful database that allows to create an electrical network with substations feeders and the majority of electrical apparatus such as Protective Relays Instrume
127. thank my parents Homa and Ramez my brothers Homayoun and Afshin and my sister Marjan for their unconditional support they provided me through my entire life Finally a very special thanks to my wife and best friend Parisa without whose love and encouragement I would not have finished this thesis a An investigation approach to test Protection Intelligent Electronic Devices IEDs in IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems SAS at Station level Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter provides an introduction of IEC 61850 standard and communication technologies for electrical substations Following from this is a background of protection relays and a comparison between old and new technologies used in protection devices Finally the motivation for undertaking this research and detail research methodology are discussed 1 1 Background IEC 61850 standard Communication Networks and Systems in Substations is a new worldwide recognized approach for communication in substations Before IEC 61850 was introduced in early 2000 utilities were looking for a solution for communication between modern protection and control devices in electrical substations but they only limited to proprietary protocols invented by different vendors IEC 61850 came to facilitate a full interoperability between intelligent devices from different manufacturers This technology accommodates a great advantage for the end users in order to have a free choice o
128. tical testing This will be discussed in this chapter in details Laboratory works include testing 61850 compatible protection relay using a non conventional test set then analyzing the GOOSE packets in a third party network analyzer software This will also be explained in this chapter 4 1 Test structure The test is to prove the GOOSE messages are sent correctly from the relay on the Station Bus by analyzing the contents of GCBs In order to provide a test bed for this purpose the following steps are done Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 53 1 Preparation of tools a Software tools 1 Network GOOSE Explorer software Wireshark ii IED configuration tool EuroCap ii Test Equipment software TDMS b Hardware tools 1 EC61850 compatible Protection Relay EuroProt 1i EC61850 compatible Test equipment ISA DRTS66 111 PC or Laptop to run the software tools v Ethernet Switch to simulate station bus pum o 2 Verifying the functionality of the GOOSE publisher function block in GOOSE sender IED a Configuring GOOSE publisher Function Block FB in the Logic Editor program in EuroCap software Configuring GOOSE Control Blocks in Communication Configurator tool of EuroCap software in order to check the Station Bus Wireshark and TDMS software Exploring the GOOSE messages in the Network sniffer software Wireshark to check the test Boolean values
129. tion level network This feature is used to detect and analyze the virtual trip signals transferring from EuroProt relay to the DRTS66 test set ky Capturing from Intel R 82577LC Gigabit Network Connection Device NPF_ 75B540AD F355 4C9B BBA4 76D36ED8DOFB Wireshark 1 8 4 SVN Rev 46250 from trunk 1 8 File Edit View Go Capture Analyze Statistics Telephony Tools Internals Help CE S S S qe s PFL S Raan ganle Filter lz Expression Clear Apply Save No Source E Wireshark Filter Expression Profile Default o 2 fete i 2726 34 076834000 192 168 0 124 Field name Relation Value Protocol GMR 1 CCCH GEO Mobile Radio 1 CCCH is present GMR 1 Common GEQO Mobile Radio 1 Comm Predefined values GMR 1 DTAP GEO Mobile Radio 1 DTAP GMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GNM ITU M 3100 Generic Network Information 4 Frame 1 766 bytes on wire 6128 bits 766 b GNUTELLA Gnutella Protocol Ethernet II Src Hewlett _al 9e dl1 1ic cl de GOOSE GOOSE User Datagram Protocol Src Port 64427 6442 Gopher Gopher contains 7 Data 724 bytes GPEF GPEF matches GPRS LLC Logical Link Control GPRS GPRS NS GPRS Network Service GPRSCDR GPRS CDR GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation Range offset length Ww Figure 3 20 Applying GOOSE filter in Wireshark Network Analyzer Conclusion This chapter starts with an overview list of the devices and software t
130. tion of international standards defining how to describe the modern devices in automated electrical substation and how to exchange the information between these intelligent devices Before IEC 61850 was invented it was almost impossible to have interoperability for multi vendor devices as each manufacturer had their proprietary standard for communication in automated substations i e ABB LON Communication protocol 6 Due to the lack of a unique platform of sharing information software tools were not able to handle the configuration files from other manufacturers Also interoperation between devices was done by hard wiring and limited to simple binary signal transfer IEC 61850 came to provide a full interoperability between intelligent devices from different manufacturers and their software tools at various substation applications 7 It develops a complete communication model to manage a large number of devices in automated substations and eliminates most of the protection and control conventional wirings For any IEC 61850 related project a fresh knowledge of different applications and services defined in the standard is critical In this chapter all parts of the standard will be introduced and the important concepts will be explained in details 2 1 Literature The Information concerning the standard of IEC 61850 is collected directly from the documents in the IEC standard 1 5 15 18 21 22 23 27 and 30 Proudfoot D d
131. tool and second one by simulating a Binary input BI The fowling is the process of making and using these virtual push buttons 4 3 1 1 Creating Virtual Pushbuttons In order to make two virtual push buttons the following steps are performed Creating a Matrix column for GOOSE publisher Software configuration tool b Creating a Matrix row as an Always True signal Logic Editor and Software configuration tools c Creating anew GCB for pushbuttons Communication Configurator tool d Activating GGIO inputs for matrix column and BI Logic Editor tool Each step is elaborated below 4 3 1 1 1 Creating a Matrix column for GOOSE publisher With the help of Software configuration tool in EuroCap software a new matrix column is created to represent one input of the GOOSE publisher FB Figure 4 18 illustrates the process of creating this matrix column in the numbering order After updating the relay with the new configuration the name of this column GoosePub is shown in the Matrix section of the relay web interface 70 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment ii EuroCAP ISA DEMO IED11 92 1 4 2 6 9 2 2014 ep oOo og a File Edit Project View Language Help le O Se USe S 0 6 4 e788 4 ISA_DEMO_IEDi1 Hardware configuration Columns 11 4 Produced for Protecta Ltd 4 Software configuration MxCol1 MxCol2 MxCol3 MxCol4 MxCol5 MxCol6 MxCol7
132. torage Reliable communication between processors is performed via high speed synchronous serial internal bus SPORT The CPU card also handles general communication tasks such as station bus and process bus communications It can be equipped with 100Base FX Ethernet RJ45 and Fiber optic and serial ports RS422 RS485 If special type of communication such as line differential 36 Chapter 3 Analysis protection via Ethernet or telecommunication is required COM module will be used 34 THT Figure 3 5 CPU and communication board 35 3 1 4 2 Human Machine Interface HMI module The HMI in EuroProt devices consists of the two main parts l HMI module which is the front panel of the device 2 HMI functionality is the embedded web server and the intuitive menu system that is accessible through the HMI module The web server is available via station bus EOB Optical Ethernet Over Board interface or RJ 45 Ethernet connector 34 Figure 3 6 shows the details of front panel interface of HMI module Device LED Touch key LEDs COM LED aaa Optical interface a for factory o ARIS Touch keys Changeable User LEDs TFT display LED description label Figure 3 6 EuroProt HMI module 34 Chapter 3 Analysis 37 3 1 4 3 Power Supply Unit Power supply module converts primary AC or DC primary voltage to required system voltages In most cases of applications one power supply card is e
133. unication configurator IEC 61850 IEC 60870 5 101 104 IEC 60870 5 103 DNP3 IEC 61850 communication settings 4 8 C Users Public Documents EuroCAP ISA_DEMO_IED11_ Property Value 4 cae Name Research_Dataset 4 1 4 LDO Description a v LNO pT Research_Dataset p IDMPLUStrigger fe Meas I New_DataSet I Operate e Start fo Status rcb_Meas rcb_Op E rcb_Stat E reb_Str EN GCB_Research_Dataset a IDMPLUS_Trigger_GSECB Dataset LDO Research_Dataset S New_GSECB DO oe FCDA Edited dataset LDO Research Dataset 1 100 DO Be New GOOSE Control Block DO Health W i LDO INSGGIO 1 ST Ind stVal DO NamPlt DO LEDRs Vv i LPHD1 Data attribute from GGIO M Z3PDIS1 LN used to make a new Z1PDIS1 dataset Z1PDIS2 V s Z1PDIS3 V Z1PDIS4 KA an 7ipMTes m Figure 3 16 Creating a new GCB and DS from a DA of a LN 3 2 Non Conventional Testing Equipment In order to perform the tests at the IEC 61850 station level a non conventional testing equipment is required to capture the virtual contact commands sent through GOOSE messages from the protection relay For this purpose the test set should be equipped with a station bus communication interface part 8 1 of the standard 5 and a testing software to analyze the GCBs Section 2 7 3 to find the correct DS values Section 2 7 1 for virtual contacts For this research DRTS 66 from ISA manufacturer is chosen
134. ut from Distance FB needs to be assigned to 8 inputs GGIO FB So instead of using trip logic FB TRC_94 the 3 phase Distance trip output is assigned to GOOSE publisher FB Figure 4 11 shows this configuration Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment 63 3 phase Distance Trip o it Trip Logic Function Block Pid Mit 6 bit GQOSE Publisher Fa Figure 4 11 3 phase Trip output from Distance FB is assigned to first input of GGIO GOOSE Publisher FB 4 2 1 5 2 Configuration of Communication Configurator tool After assigning protection trip outputs to GOOSE publisher FB GGIO in Logic Editor tool Section 4 2 1 5 1 the GOOSE Control Blocks GCB Section 2 7 3 should be created to encapsulate virtual trips and carry them to the GOOSE subscribers DRTS66 test set in this project For creating a new GCB for Virtual Trip in Communication Configurator tool following steps are performed a Creating a new Data Set DS for virtual trip using the first input of GOOSE publisher FB GGIO In order to create a new DS that has the virtual trip information of Distance FB Data Attribute DA stVal of the first input of GGIO is used to build the DS If any other inputs of GGIO FB are involved the relative DA is assigned to the DS Figure 4 12 shows this process 64 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment LH desc GoosePu
135. vice IED Bay Unit 4 Implementation Logical Device LD lt 2 lt Le Protection Control a rouping Logical Node LN Le Circuit Breaker Le Position Properties Data Attribute DA Value Figure 2 5 Hierarchical Data Modeling ee Le Status Value For example the data model for current measurement units is described by LN class CMMUX and includes some data objects as follows Mode Mod describes the operation mode of the logical function 1 e Enabled Chapter 2 Literature Survey IEC 61850 Standard for Substation Automation Systems 17 Blocked Disabled and Test Behavior Beh Shows the actual state of the logical function as given by the Mode control It is described in clause 6 of part 7 2 21 Health Health Describe the health status of the logical function Name plate NamPIt Shows technical details of the function Phase A for Current Phase A B and C Mod Beh Health and NamPIt are mandatory common DOs as defined in part 7 4 of IEC 61850 standard 23 and are provided for any LN An explorer layout for current measurement unit LN is shown in Figure 2 6 24 Le TRPDIF 1 M LH TR3PTRCL B 7 aai Measurement Unit LH a o v LM SYNRSYN2 d a LH CMMXU L Logical Node LN 4 D0 ae Hata Object DO stva F Data Attribute DA DO NamPit DA vendor DA swRhev DA d O phsA O phsb O phsc W ai YMMXLUL M LH POSM
136. vist B 7100 years of relay protection the Swedish ABB relay history Sweden Online 2010 3 Rao T M Power system protection static relays 1989 4 Johns A T and S K Salman Digital protection for power systems 1997 5 IEC 61850 8 1 Ed 2 FDIS Communication networks and systems for power utility automation Part 8 1 Specific communication service mapping SCSM Mapping to MMS ISO 9506 1 and ISO 9506 2 and to ISO IEC 8802 3 2010 6 Hintikka J T Runtti and M Puurunen KEDI project Creating the Automation Architecture with the Common Fieldbus Diagnostic Tool Electronica e Telecomunica es 2013 3 1 p 51 53 7 Brand K C Brunner and W Wimmer Design of IEC 61850 based substation automation systems according to customer requirements Indian Journal of Power and River Valley Development 2011 61 5 p 87 8 Proudfoot D UCA and 61850 for Dummies Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution 2002 p 21 03 9 Apostolov A IEC 61850 and Power quality Monitoring and Recording in Power Quality 2007 Springer London 10 IEC 61850 standard from http en wikipedia org wiki IEC_61850 11 Hossenlopp L Engineering perspectives on IEC 61850 Power and Energy Magazine IEEE 2007 5 3 p 45 50 12 Mackiewicz R Overview of IEC 61850 and Benefits in Power Systems Conference and Exposition 2006 PSCE 06 2006 IEEE PES 2006 IEEE 13 Brunner C IEC 61850 for power system co
137. wn when the GOOSE filter is applied A S So A a en oan E E w w a Po H Time E 0 1234695000 634770000 134735000 634794000 134680000 634770000 134666000 634751000 134742000 634761000 134704000 634644000 134647000 634703000 134681000 634689000 134691000 atatistics Telepho ny Tools Internals Help Source Protecta_00 00 97 Protecta_O0O 00 g7 Protecta 00 00 97 Protecta a_00 Protecta_O0 Protecta 00 Protecta 00 Protecta a_00 Protecta_O0 Protecta 00 Protecta _ 00 00 Protecta 00 Protecta 00 00 OO 00 OO OO OO 00 og 97 Te i Le J Sy SY SY A os E uo i t ie Le at Protecta_O0 00 Protecta_00 00 39 Protecta_00 00 Destination Tec Tc5 _01 00 00 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _0O1 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _0O1 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _0O1 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 Tec Tc5 _01 OO OO 00 00 00 00 OO 00 OO OO 00 00 OO 00 Tec Tc5 _0O1 00 00 00 00 700 00 00 700 OO 00 00 gg 00 o SBaexZe6irc_ ounotFt 2 Aaaama a Iv Expression Clear Apply Save Protocol GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE GOOSE 4 The default state values of the GGIO Inputs are 0 Once receiving the GOOSE
138. y test equipment software 3 Wireshark as Network analyzer software Figure 4 3 shows the relation between these software applications Ethernet Switch PROTECTA EuroProt EuroCap ke Software eee Ae Network WIRESHARK Analyser Software Figure 4 3 Software tools used for the test bed Before performing the test each software tool is configured in a way to meet the test requirements 4 2 1 DIVA Protection Relay configuration Relay configuration consists of four parts l Distance protection parameter setting 2 Hardware configuration 3 IEC 61850 configuration 4 Logic design 56 Chapter 4 Laboratory work Testing a Distance Protection Relay in IEC 61850 8 1 environment Distance protection parameters can be set in offline and online modes Offline method is done in Offline Parameter Set Editor tool in EuroCap software In this case the distance parameters can be adjusted in the software without having access to the relay A par file standard EuroProt setting file or RIO file standard file for detecting protection settings from the relay can be exported in order to send to the relay or use in the relay testing software i e TDMS The faster way for setting parameters is to use embedded web server which provides an advanced web interface for setting the parameters and monitoring online values The web server is used in this research to set the distance parameters Hardware configuratio

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