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1. 42 COLORKEY ERROR WITH 4105 sss teet 43 780 ASM b OPTION SECTION PHASE ERROR 43 CHECKSUM pec rea 43 68000 PASCAL I O PORT LIMITATION WITH i OPTION 43 LINKER RESOLUTION OF 8048 OUT OF PAGE JUMPS 44 ACE AND CORE DUMPS WITH BREAK KEY 44 UMASK AND LDE WRITE ERROR dad 44 LDE AND MULT SHELL ESCAPES ccssssssssssssssssssscssssssssessuscssscssuscssscssssssssessssseseessessssessscssceessesss 44 USER GROUP LIBRARY ABSTRACTS tite 47 USER GROUP LIBRARY INDEX 47 4105 GRAPHICS DEMO 49 6800 TO 6809 SOURCE CONVERSION 49 AOTOTH WHITESMITH A OUT TEKHEX CONVERTER 50 BIO HIORHYTHM PLOT PROGRAM da 50 BKUP MULTI DISK FBR INCREMENTAL BACKUP 50 CPM60 CP M DISK READER eene EE EN 50 EN UN ENCODE UNCODE BINARY FILE FOR CU eere 51 HEWLETT PACKARD CALCULATOR SIMULATOR eese ol INTELO0 INTEL DISK READER cic stustsssiciactasuccsncedensbancdavsateesuss daventieduepsesudeseiutodarsasclausdaeasssouaxasnasoteansacasdets 51 MOTOROLA DISK READER
2. yy y y o o oM oo ooo o ww FREE 8051 SIMULATOR AVAILABLE Travis Marlatte of E F Johnson Co Johnson Ave Waseca MN 56093 has created an outstanding 8051 software simulator package which can be used in the design and debug of 8051 applications on an 8560 61 He has agreed to make this package available through the MUGL library with the provision that he cannot provide any consul tation or support on its use Because of the high quality of the documentation and the availability of the fully commented source there should be no need for contacting him with questions However he would appreciate any feedback regarding enhancements or bugs via mail Following is a summary of the simulator s capabilities paraphrased from the supplied documentation The environment of the simulator is an 8051 8751 or 8031 isolated from peripheral hardware External stimuli can be presented through the command language of the simulator The user has complete control with com mands to cause single stepping through instructions commands to cause constant trace output to be produced while simu ating the execution of the instructions commands to simulate a characters received via the serial UART and full status of the simulated processor is available plus some of the obscure registers The 128 byte internal memory is implemented as well as the 4K of code memory In addition 4K of external memory is sup ported Commands to examine block displa
3. 52 60 DEG RT H DISK READER 52 SIM51 8051 MICROPROCESSOR SIMULATOR 52 TEKFIX MOTOROLA TO TEK SOURCE CONVERTER 54 FOREWARD This issue marks the completion of the second volume of USER GROUP NEWS Our intent is to provide useful and timely information to our customers We need your assistance in assessing the accomplishment of our goal s and to set even better goals for the future To that end we have included a critique on the last page of this issue We would appreciate your taking the time to answer the questions and return your answers and suggestions via the enclosed envelope Please provide as much information as possible CALL FOR ARTICLES If you have application articles or just some good ideas we would like to print them in the Appli cations Section and or place them in the User Group Library Section of USER GROUP NEWS A submittal form is located at the end of the Applications Section for your convenience ABOUT THE USER GROUP LIBRARY SECTION We have collected a number of application programs since the last issue and we will make the programs reported in the User Group Library available through your Tektronix Applications Engineer Each issue will report updates to the library and a separate total listing will be pro duced annually John Owens Editor USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 PRODUCT INFORMATION PRODUCT INFO
4. o o o 33 QUICK AND DIRTY LOGS WITH 8 BIT CHIPS Occasionally it is useful to perform fast exponential computations with minimum of hardware memory and time For example A device that produces an output on an eight bit port that is a function of eight bit input port s The function may include among other things exponentiation multiplication or division An example of expressing numbers up to 16 bits as a base two logarithm up to 8 bits follows Log base two was selected in as much as it is functionally the same as logarithms of any other base but much easier to convert If the log of number must fit into a byte value then the upper four bits could be chosen to represent the magni tude characteristic of the number and the lower four bits represent the fractional portion mantissa of the number Alternate methods of partitioning the byte or word between characteristic and mantissa can be selected and are easy to implement Format chosen the following example CHARACTERISTIC MANTISSA BITS 76543210 24 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS The conversion of a number into its log base two value is accomplished in two steps The number to be converted Number fedcba9876543210 0001011100111000 1738 First the upper four bits characteristic of the resulting value are set equal to the location of the most significant non zero bit in the number to be converted The ch
5. TE MICROCOMPUTER DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS USER GROUP NEWS USER NEWSLETTER VOLUME II ISSUE NO 4 MARCH 1984 Tektronix COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE CONTENTS PRODUCT INFORMATION SECTION oue V SYSTEMS 16 BIT MICROPROCESSOR SUPPORT 1 NEW EMULATOR NEWS se 4 MUGL VOLUME DISK RELEASED 4 BINARY RIGHT TO COPY LICENSE cssscssssssssssssssssssesssssssseessesssseesssssssecssscssscessesssceesesssscsssessseenees 5 ACE CONFIG FILES FOR 7 29 AND HP 2645 TERMINALS seen 5 COLORKEY IS NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE 6 8 BIT HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE io cotta dide quii tots dee 7 TTA HIGH LEVEL PROGRAMMING ccccssccsssssssssssssssesssesssscnsessesssnseesessucsssessusesessassessssssssessecsssennes 7 ICOMIO SOURCE bei eaters cise etal D M Red eh baw uel 8 MANUALS ima UM e e ca GI bet ce Tr I UE 8 VET LINKER ON THE 5500 Lee ed ati o esse 12 APPLICA TIONS SECTION EE NE HE 13 BINARY TRANSFERS VIA QU sunde endres E Les 13 MULTI DISK FBR AND INCREMENTAL 14 NUMERIC FOR LOOPS IN THE SHELL csscssssssssessssesssecssecsssecsseesssseesucasssessuessscsssesssessssceseesseeeses 17 FAST PROGRAMMING MOD FOR 2764 27128 ttes 19 WHERE SHOULD COMMANDS BE LOCATED amp WHY 19 GROPE FUZZY GREP vs ad 21 IOCTE CALLS UNDER TNIX i a t P aus 22 KSH PATCH FO
6. This utility allows reading single sided single density DEC RT 11 format disks on the 8560 1 Featuring built in help prompting options are provided for listing directories copying binary or text files to the 856X hard disk and wildcard specs with optional query Note this program is a reader only it has no provision at this time for writing RT 11 disks Author Diane Wortsmann MDP Marketing SIM51 8051 MICROPROCESSOR SIMULATOR Simulator MUGL TNIX Vol III 8560 61 C Abstract This package implements a simulator which can be used for designing and debugging 8051 microprocessor applications on an 8560 61 Following is a summary of the simulator s capabilities paraphrased from the supplied documentation The environment of the simulator is an 8051 8751 or 8031 isolated from peripheral hardware External stimuli can be presented through the command language of the simulator The user has complete control with commands to cause single stepping through instructions commands to cause constant trace output to be produced while simulating the execution of the instructions commands to simulate characters received via the serial UART and full status of the simulated processor is available plus some of the obscure registers The 128 byte internal memory is implemented as well as the 4K of code memory In addition 4K of exter nal memory is supported Commands to examine block display repeated set and fill of all three memories a
7. right and the triple width copper connector counting as 12 14 16 3 Install new firmware it should be available at your local sales office 4 Note that when writing a 2764 or 27128 EPROM the wpr command line must now read wpr 0 2764F I 0 Note the new Fast spec 2764F I NOTE This mod has been incorporated into production units with serial numbers B02XXXX and higher begin ning January 27 1984 Ted Benning Field Applications Engineer yo WHERE SHOULD COMMANDS LOCATED amp WHY Commands in TNIX are easily created or modified for the benefit of a user a group of users all users or for users who are working in selected directories As provided most commands in the 8560 are located in bin The remaining TNIX commands are in usr bin Starting with TNIX version 2 1 most Tektronix created commands will be located in tek directory The TNIX shell variable PATH controls the order in which directories are searched for commands Changing the variable can be done by redefining the variable when desired or by including a nonstandard initialization in the profile file The PATH provided by TNIX includes the local directory bin and usr bin The system manager can establish a default PATH definition for all users by including the definition in etc profile New commands when created may be placed in one of many locations Generally
8. HEWLETT PACKARD CALCULATOR SIMULATOR Utility Simulator MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X Abstract This program simulates a very complete HP Calculator In addition to the reverse polish style of operations and the standard mathematical functions other features include numeric entry similar to the HP 1X series full range of trigonometric functions including hyperbolic func tions decimal and analog time conversions statistical functions including combinations permu tations correlation linear regression and estimation exponential engineering and fix notations integer arithmetic in decimal octal and hex modes including logical operations AND OR XOR and NOT 62 continuous memory registers including memory register arithmetic register exchange functions polar and rectangular conversions and more Features cbreak operation so the return key acts as a true enter key and is not required for line input Command set includes enter clearx factorial sigmaplus sigmaminus stats percent multiply add subtract divide convtime convfrom convto squarex clear stackdisplay exponential fix inverse lastx rotatemode snlog off pushpi recallmem storex squareroot exchange mod power absolute cosine rotatedown fraction pgamma hypotenuse integer clog mantissa nlog polar rec tangular sine tangent rotateup xychange and or xor complement changesign Even simu lates continuous memory by saving entire calculator
9. Users Mnl DOS 50 V2 MDL ACE Users Booklet version 2 MDL Intel COMM Users Manual MDL Pascal 8086 8088 Compiler Users Manual MDL Pascal 8080 85 Compiler Users Manual V4 0 MDL Pascal 8080 8085 Compiler Version 4 02 MDL u Compiler Users Manual MDL u Compiler Reference Booklet MDL u Compiler Specifics MDL u Compiler Specifics Prototype Debug Specifics Prototype Debug Reference Card MDL RT11 50 Users Manual Volume 1 System MDL RT11 50 Users Manual Volume 2 System MDL RT11 50 Users Manual Volume 3 System MDL RT11 50 Users Manual Volume 4 FORTRAN IV MDL RT11 50 Installation Sheet PART NUMBER Integration Unit System Users Manual OS 40 Integration Unit Reference Booklet OS 40 Integration Unit System Users Manual OS 40 Integration Unit Intel COMM Users Manual 8500 MDL SERIES B ASSEMBLER USERS MANUALS 8500 8550 8560 280A Z80A 28001 2 28001 2 28001 2 1802 1802 6800 01 02 6800 01 02 6809 6809 6809 68000 68000 68000 8048family 8048family 8051 8051 8051 8080A 8085A 8080A 8085A 8086 8088 8086 8088 8086 80186 March 1984 MDL Series B Assembler Core Users Manual Host Specifics Host Specifics Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8550 Assembler Reference Booklet 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Booklet 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference C
10. awk f usr lib backup awkf gt usr tmp bkup fi chmod 777 usr tmp bkup fusr tmp bkup rm usr tmp bkup 8 touch 1 1 UPDATE echo DONE usr lib backup sedf contains s N N I s s dr 5 amp M 2 esos 5 fusr lib backup awkf contains BEGIN SIZ 0 CNT 0 AAT TRAP 0 LLEN 11 print echo n V Enter return when first disk is ready V print read ready LAST fbr c LEN length 3 82 PLEN length AA if 1 if SIZ 2 lt 1980 CNT 1 lt 255 if 1 if LEN PLEN LLEN 2 gt 1024 print LAST print fbr u WV LAST AA 3 March 1984 TEKTRONIX MDP APPLICATIONS 15 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS LLEN PLEN LEN 11 else LLEN LLEN PLEN LEN 2 print LAST W LAST AA 3 SIZ CNT SIZ 4 2 CNT 1 if TRAP 1 FIL FIL 1 CNT 1 SIS 2 if 1 05 I print LAST print echo n V Enter return when next disk is ready V print read ready print fbr c LAST AA 3 LLEN LEN PLEN 11 TRAP 0 END print LAST CAUTION bkup does not properly handle very large files The cause of the problem has not been resolve Failure will result in fbr producing an archive out of space message If th
11. e When the optimizer is on one test which had boolean constants used with relational operators failed during the third phase code generator If you get the following error message Phase 3 Bus error core dumped try compiling that module with the optimizer turned off e With the optimizer on there is a limit to the number of declarations in the current scope The limit varies with the complexity of the declarations Hitting the limit generates the following error OPT Internal Error 602 or CGEN Internal Error 802 One workaround is to use only the necessary declarations rather than including all declarations in all modules If there are no unnecessary declarations the module will have to be split so that fewer declarations are required in both new modules Another workaround is to turn the optimizer off for that module e Similarly there is a limitation in the amount of code that can be compiled in one module The amount of code that can be handled depends on the complexity of each statement the limit is exceeded you get the error PARS 203 e Program or module size exceeds compiler limitations The workaround is to split the module Pascal 68000 68010 Debug for the 8560 The command e When execution is stopped on a software breakpoint coinciding with amp Pascal statement whose first machine instruction is a subroutine call the step command will skip over the statements in the subrou t
12. 8080A 8085A 8080A 8085A 6800 01 02 6800 01 02 280A 280A TMS9900 TMS9900 3870 3872 F8 3870 3872 F8 1802 1802 8048family 8048family 8086 8088 10 Microcomputer Developt Lab System Users Manual Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Microcomputer Dvlpt Lab Sys Ref Bklt DOS 50 V1 Users Manual DOS 50 V1 A ASSEMBLER USERS MANUALS Users Manual Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics TEKTRONIX USER GROUP NEWS 070 4373 00 070 4368 00 070 4367 00 PART NUMBER 070 3964 01 070 3969 00 970 3963 00 070 3991 00 070 3971 00 070 3970 01 070 4798 00 070 3967 01 070 3962 00 070 3966 00 070 3968 01 070 3965 00 070 4397 00 070 4438 00 PART NUMBER 070 4726 00 070 3573 01 070 4361 00 070 3574 00 070 4281 00 070 3880 00 070 3868 00 070 4375 00 070 3869 00 070 4414 00 070 4413 00 070 3760 01 070 4947 00 070 4478 00 070 3737 00 PART NUMBER 070 3457 00 070 3562 00 070 3563 00 070 3564 00 070 3565 00 070 3566 00 070 3567 00 070 3568 00 070 3569 00 070
13. are highlighted INVALID ERROR ON LINK OF 186 MODULES Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 80186 assembler version 2 04 11 and linker V2 08 00 Problem Assembly language modules created with the new 186 assembler and linked with modules from the 8086 V1 assembler give a warning message that the microprocessor has been redefined The link is successful but the relink capability is disabled PASCAL DEBUG BREAK POINT ERROR Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 8540 OS 40 version 1 68000 pascal compiler V1 01 14 Pascal debug V1 05 00 March 1984 TEKTRONIX 41 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS 42 Problem There is problem with setting software breakpoints on pascal statements involving real numbers When running up to the break the first break occurs normally but if you continue with pdb s go command pdb gets lost and aborts If you clear the breakpoint before restarting pdb continues correctly Hardware break points can be used instead to get around this problem but then you always get two breaks before continuing REMOTE MAIL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 Optional UNICOM Package version 1 0 Problem When sending remote mail the sending system is always identified as sneezy rather than using the name defined in whoami h NO ERROR ON INVALID XCHG OPERAND Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 and 8086 80186 assembler version 2 04 11 Problem An error is not reported when the instruct
14. down loaded to 8540 s program memory up to 256 K bytes for execution on the emulator processor Execu tion takes place under control of powerful debug software and the resulting data can be uploaded for powerful post processing by the host computer For in depth analysis of real time code execution the Trigger Trace Analyzer includes sophisticated triggering to capture program flow in a high speed memory buffer VAX registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation March 1984 TEKTRONIX 1 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS 16 Bit Emulation Family Support Tektronix V Systems are designed to support the Motorola 68000 series of processors and the Intel 8086 series of processors Each of these processor types requires only one emulator and allows you to retarget to other members of the chip family by simply adding a new probe Support for 68000 68008 and 68010 Tektronix support for the 68000 68008 and 68010 is provided with the 68XXX emulator and the appropriate probe for the selected microprocessor The 68XXX Emulator System will support real time operation at clock fre quencies up to 12 5 MHz No wait states are inserted when accessing prototype memory or I O When accessing the internal emulator memory wait states are automatically inserted at some frequencies For the 68010 the sys tem supports fully transparent operation in 68010 virtual memory environments No special hardware or software is
15. or IOCTLs are all made by calling the ioctl function with varying arguments The argument list for ioctl is ioctl 4 opcode address where channel is the number of the I O channel to be operated channel 1 applies to standard i o opcode is a special number used to tell ioctl what to do address tells ioctl where to put get its output input In UNIX the opcodes ioctl are defined in an include file named sgtty h this file was created for the stty and gtty system calls hence its name The opcode names are sometimes mnemonic but it is important to use them rather than their defined integers This is because the only necessary correspondence that exists between compa tible systems lies between the ioctl opcode name defined in the include file and the action taken The actual numbers are free to change as implementer sees fit Here is an example of a defined ioctl opcode TIOCFLUSH flush previously typed in characters In this article we are particularly concerned with the RS 232 port characteristics These are expressed in a struc ture named sgttyb which looks like struct sgttyb char sg ispeed the input speed char sg ospeed the output speed char sg erase the terminal erase character char sg kill the terminal kill character sg flags flag word for other parameters L5 This structure is also defined in the sgtty h file The sg flag
16. 3851 00 070 3458 00 070 2785 01 PART NUMBER 070 3575 01 070 3576 00 070 3577 00 070 3578 00 070 3579 00 070 3580 01 070 3581 00 070 3582 00 070 3583 00 070 3584 00 070 3585 00 070 3586 00 070 3587 00 070 3588 00 070 3589 00 070 3592 00 March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS 8086 8088 28000 28000 68000 68000 6809 6809 HOST SOFTWARE ICOM40 ICOM40 VAX UNIX VAX VMS Host Pascal Compiler Pascal Debug Pascal LDE Pascal 68000 68010 Pascal LDE Issue 4 Vol 2 Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card VAX UNIX Integrated Communications System Integrated Communications System Users Host Specifics Users Manual for B Series Assembler Specifics Users Manual for 68000 68010 Usr Mnl for VAX UNIX 68000 68010 Usr Mnl for VAX UNIX Host Users Manual for Debug Usr Mnl for VAX VMS Host Users Manual for 8500 SERIES SERVICE MANUALS 8301 8301 8540 8501 8540 8540 8560 8503 8560 DataTrak RTPA TTA PROM 2716 2732 2764 8751 8748family 68701 64K 128K 8500 8500 8500 Z80A 28001 2 1802 3870 3872 F8 6500 1 68xx 68xx 6800 6802 6801 68120 6809 6809E 68000 8500 8500 8048family 8080A 8085A 8086 8088 9900 9900 9989 Microprocessor Development Unit Service Manual Conversion Instruction Sheet Data Management Unit Service Manual Integration Unit Service Manual In
17. Compiler Users Manual 070 3875 00 8560 MUSDU Pascal Debug 68000 Reference Card 070 4465 01 8560 MUSDU 8086 8088 Pascal Language Ref Manual 070 4378 00 8560 MUSDU 8086 8088 Pascal Compiler Users Manual 070 3878 00 8560 MUSDU 28001 28002 Pascal Compiler Users Manual 070 3876 00 8560 MUSDU Pascal Compiler 68000 68010 Users Manual 070 3875 01 8503 Disk Expansion Unit Users Manual 070 4463 00 8560 MUSDU Intel COMM Users Manual 070 4481 00 8560 MUSDU User Information Instruction Sheet 070 4679 00 8 TEKTRONIX March 1984 PART NUMBER USER GROUP NEWS 8561 8561 8561 8561 8560 8560 8560 Issue 4 Vol 2 MUSDU 4 User Upgrade Instruction Sheet MUSDU 8 User Upgrade Instruction Sheet MUSDU 4 User Upgrade Option User Information MUSDU 8 User Upgrade Option User Information MUSDU Digital Design Lab Users Manual MUSDU UNICOM Users Manual MUSDU Magnetic Tape Interface Users Manual 8550 USERS MANUALS DOS 50 2 8550 8550 8550 8550 8550 8550 8550 t0 8540 RTPA 8550 8550 8550 8550 8550 8300H01 02 8300H01 02 8080A 6800 02 8086 8086 8550 8550 8550 8550 8550 8540 USERS MANUALS 8540 8540 8540 8540 Microcomputer Dvlpt Lab Users Manual DOS 50 V2 Microcomputer Dvlpt Lab Sys Ref Bklt DOS 50 V2 MDL System Users Manual DOS 50 Version 2 1A Microcomputer Development Lab GUIDE Inst Manual Microcomputer Development Lab Editor V4 X Manual Microcomputer Dvipt Lab Editor V4 X Ref Card Conversion Instruction Sheet
18. FROM TO BY error f a b c d e printf s Argp 0 printf f a b c d e exit 1 long NextNum argc argp char argp TEKTRONIX USER GROUP NEWS March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS if arge lt l error Number expected after s n argp 0 return atol argp 1 Jim Besemer MDP Engineering ooo FAST PROGRAMMING MOD FOR 2764 27128 It presently takes approximately eight minutes to program a 2764 EPROM and 16 minutes for a 27128 Imple mentation of the following simple mod will reduce these programming times by approximately a factor of four New firmware for the programmer an 8550F33 must be installed and we recommend that you erase the existing 2732 EPROM on the programmer board and re program it Perform the following steps 1 Cut edge connector pin 33 away from the 5V plane on the backside of the board The pins are numbered 1 49 on the backside and the double width copper connector counts as 21 and 23 The number 49 should appear to the right side of the backside of the board Make cut close to edge connector 2 Jumper edge connector pin 41 backside and edge connector pins 36 and 40 component side to remaining plane the wide foil plane connected to ZIF socket pin 28 This provides the 6V required by the fast algo rithm to pin 28 of ZIF socket On the component side the pins are even numbered with pin 2 to
19. For identification purposes please place the number on the upper right of your current mailing label here add to list change address remove from list Company name Company address internal address or department Street amp number or PO Box city State zip country User Name Titles cet ut ee Ae MEE NN SR Do you want the newsletter label to specify the title only name only both in future newsletter mailings date
20. Support Manager oo oo oo ow o o m 0M nw MDP USER GROUP SOFTWARE LIBRARY ARTICLE SUBMITTAL FORM The following form may be used to submit software which you feel might be of interest to other MDP users The form and the program s should be forwarded to Technical Support Manager Tektronix Inc P O 4600 Del Sta 92 635 Beaverton Or 97075 or if USENET is available uv beaver zentel decvax tektronix tekmdp mdpbug March 1984 TEKTRONIX 35 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue4 Vol2 gt gt USER GROUP NEWS MDP USER S GROUP SOFTWARE LIBRARY ARTICLE SUBMITTAL FORM 1 ABSTRACT 2 Execution CPU Primary Language Hardware configuration required Software configuration required include source non Tek 3 Do vou want the following to appear in U G N Author s TO a eee FEE SIE SET O yes Ono Company Name yes Ono Area code Tel No m Company address 4 Program Title Program Function 5 Source If insufficient room is provided please submit a disk containing the information requested attached to this form 6 I am submitting the program article described above for possible placement in the MDP User s Group Library I understand there is no compensation due to me for an accepted program article This program article is of my own design the data contained in this submittal is not copyrighted and does not break any obligation to another per
21. in User Group News Volume II Issue 2 Pages 27 33 which you may find helpful in getting the Payments program running If you set a software breakpoint on the statement that reads interest intrate principal and go from pdb you will stop at the breakpoint as expected If you then clear the breakpoint and continue with go everything works fine However should you wish to leave the breakpoint active for subsequent breaks you will get runtime error 120 stating that the real instruction is corrupt This is because pdb s software breakpoints patch your code with a software interrupt trap When this trap is detected it vectors off to a routine to halt the emulator and display a message of why it stopped You can t continue because your original program code was modified Therefore if you wish to break on statements referencing reals be aware that you must clear the break after you hit it the first time before you can continue Another approach is to use hardware breakpoints The emulator and tta breakpoints do not modify your pro gram so you may run up to the breakpoint halt and restart normally However you will find that the emulator halts twice for each breakpoint The first break is detected when you hit the breakpoint When you continue with go the associated trap handler for the real number reads the same memory location again during its emu lation and the hardware breakpoint causes another halt At this point you can co
22. moved to one of the locations described above The PATH variable selects both the directories which are to be searched and the order in which they are searched For example the authors PATH is defined as PATH bin usr johno bin usr local bin usr bin Which searches oom C te The current directory The bin directory in the current directory The usr johno bin directory The usr local directory The bin directory the usr bin directory The command PATH bin HOME bin PATH in a user s profile file will result in the above path definition This method of adding to your PATH is safer than using the above command literally since it incorporates any changes in the default PATH provided by the system NOTE The above is a recommendation that if implemented will help prevent many problems John Owens Marketing Applications Manager 20 M o ooo ow o om ow TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS GROPE A FUZZY GREP Occasionally when scanning files with the grep command for a pattern it would be useful to have a few lines displayed prior to the line matched as well as after the line matched The following command called grope can be used to locate a pattern in a file and display selected number of lines prior to the line matched as well as selected number of lines following the line containing the matched string The c
23. needed For more information refer to the 68XXX Data Sheet Support for the 8086 and 8088 Tektronix support for the 8086 and 8088 is provided with the 8086 8088 emulator and the appropriate probe for the selected microprocessor The emulator provides total support of both Min and Max modes allowing full flexi bility in the 8086 and 8088 designs These in circuit probes also allow support of the 8087 floating point co processor for both the 8086 and 8088 The 8087 is integrated with the processor in the probe and can be accessed in all emulation modes When tracing processor execution the actual instruction being executed is displayed not simply instructions entering the queue For more information refer to the 8086 88 Data Sheet Trigger Trace Analyzer The Trigger Trace Analyzer is a sophisticated logic analyzer that is integrated into the 8540 to monitor and cap ture data surrounding real time events during emulation The has four triggerable events for triggering pur posed each consisting of a word recognizer and a counter These events allow the user to set complex triggering points and time sections of code The four word recognizers are identical in capability Each will trigger on com binations of addresses data and specific control signals of the emulator in use The address and data comparators provide equal to not equal to don t care ranging and range exclusion triggering capability Each counter can coun
24. LIBRARY USER GROUP LIBRARY ABSTRACTS USER GROUP LIBRARY INDEX Following is an index of the User Group Library Volumes and III March 1984 Volumn 1 Command admin asciitable asmit ats atstats decimal donum donum extx fdmp fman fmt help hex ifix ifix ioc ioc load TEKTRONIX Function login stats ascii converter ascii table auto filename extension at status at statistics decimal converter do command x times repeated command script ascii text extractor file dump utility fast manual page command link list formatter personal commands help hex converter intel fix intel vip utility ioc form out form utility object symbol loader 47 USER GROUP LIBRARY 48 Volumn 2 load logl log logger mailall mailto mdshex mlabel month octal patch prolog prq restore restore save tele tools tr68000 trz8002 trz80 tsplit vmore Command 4105defines 4105defines box debug dnld encode fraction gcat hilbert hp ibm ige ige intelsym lines list lpir maint mvul pictures reform rmd rt11 setcolor sierpinski telex thex Issue 4 Vol 2 TEKTRONIX USER GROUP NEWS symbolic debug loader terminal session logger terminal session logger phone call logger mail to all users mail to users on remote systems intel mds symbol lister mailing labe printer calendar printer
25. OPSETP TIO CSETP is used NOTE Although both types of ioctl reading and writing procedures are available under TNIX the flag settings used are quite different Be very careful not to mix them For complete list of the defined variables refer to the include files themselves Here is a list of equivalent set tings in both syntaxes that is doing a set of one type may be thought of as equivalent to a set of the other type using the corresponding values TNIX UNIX XONXOF gt TANDEM CBREAK lt gt CBREAK gt CRMOD lt gt CRMOD RAW ees eres gt RAW RIBS XTABS INOP EVENP E gt ONOP ODDP INOCAR EVENP P EE gt ONOCAR ODDP IEVEN lt gt EVENP OEVEN 1000 gt ODDP OODD A bug description In TNIX 2 0 and earlier the translation method used to convert UNIX to TNIX bit positions in ioctl calls is not perfect In particular if any bits of the RS 232 port flags are set that are not in the table above and a user does any UNIX type ioctl set e g ioctl 1 TIOCSETP amp mode all bits not in the above table will be cleared The only ways to avoid this are a don t ever change the RS 232 port settings in a program b don t ever set any of these bits so they can t be changed c use system 3 to run stty 1 for setting the bits d only use TIOPGETP TIOPSETP to change the environment in the program Richard Doty MDP Enginee
26. P1 mP2 mP3 SBUFi SBUFo ff ft ft ff 00 00 MOV R1 05 reg bnk RO RI 00 50 05 R2 ft R3 ft time 50us TCON SCON 00 00 IE 00 IP 00 B TMOD THO 00 00 00 ff mP 1 ft mP2 ff mP3 ff SBUF i 00 SBUFo 00 CLR A time reg bnk RO R2 R3 52us 00 50 05 ff ff TCON SCON 00 00 IE 00 IP 00 B TMOD THO 00 00 00 mPO mP1 f f ff mP2 ff mP3 ff SBUF i 00 SBUF o 00 ADD reg bnk RO RI 00 50 05 R2 R3 ff ff time 54us TCON SCON 00 00 IE 00 IP 00 B TMOD THO 00 00 00 mPO mP1 ff ff mP2 ff mP3 ff SBUF i 00 SBUF o 00 INC RO time reg bnk RO RI R2 R3 56us 00 51 05 ff ff TCON SCON 00 00 IE 00 IP 00 B TMOD THO 00 00 00 SBUF i 00 ff mP 1 ff mP2 ft mP3 ff SBUFo 00 TEKTRONIX USER GROUP NEWS THI 00 00 00 R4 R5 R8 RT ff ff fff ff TLO TH TLI 00 00 00 R4 R5 R8 R7 fr ff ff ff TLO THI TL 00 00 00 R4 R5 R6 RT ff ff ff ff TLO THI TL 00 00 R4 R5 R8 ff ff ff gf TLO THI TL 00 00 00 March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS 0007 49 fe DJNZ R1 0005 etc etc This gives a quick overview of just a few of the capabilities of this simulator There are many additional functions which are not shown here See the command summary listed above for more information on the capabilities of this fine program Greg Saville Software
27. PILER FOR 8560 61 Tektronix intends to provide high quality software products and to help you use our products we offer the system described below to keep you informed of minor problems that have been reported so you can avoid them With Mie on use of the stackck or list in source compiler to turn ane EE ptimizer to report internal errors We recommend that the stackck and list option be used once at the beginning of the source file No problems are observed when optimization is suppressed e If using the tagck compiler option to turn the checking of tag values on or off you need to turn stack checking off by inserting a stackck directive at the beginning of the source file Without this precaution incorrect code may be generated March 1984 TEKTRONIX 39 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE Issue 4 Vc 2 USER GROUP NEWS e If using the Pascal with statement you need to turn stack checking off by inserting a stackck directive at the beginning of the source file Without this precaution incorrect code may be generated e If the number of nested with statements exceeds the available registers erroneous code may be generated This should not happen unless the with statements are nested more than five deep e There is a problem with packed records that causes incorrect code to be generated whenever enough registers are not available and a temporary variable must be used We suggest not using packed records
28. R COPY USER S SCRIPT sse teet trente 24 FASTER LDE INVOCATION REVISITED 24 QUICK AND DIRTY LOGS WITH 8 BIT CHIPS 24 MDP PASCAL PROCESSING CAPACITY ccccssssssessssessssssseesssscesesssssessscsssssssseessesssecstssesesssecanseees 28 SETTING BREAKPOINTS ON REALS IN PASCAL see 29 ROM PATCHES FOR 8540 iif cono tits te atts ies a Liu ale eh 29 FREE 8051 SIMULATOR AVAILABLE 30 MDP USER GROUP SOFTWARE LIBRARY ARTICLE SUBMITTAL 35 THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE ske EN TE 37 INTEL COMPATIBLE 8086 186 ASSEMBLER LINKER LOCATOR FOR THE CI MEM cre ORT UPC PROMO EIC M EE CER 37 PLM 8085 DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM INTEL COMPATIBLE 38 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE SECTION n 39 8086 PASCAL ICS UPDATE aseo tonta deii sinet LM coh ore ces EA 39 PASCAL 68000 68010 COMPILER FOR 8580 81 39 MDP BUG BASE une 41 KSH WHERE AM I DEBUG DISPLAY 41 INVALID ERROR ON LINK OF 186 MODULES eee tte tte tentent tentia 41 PASCAL DEBUG BREAK POINT ERROR eee trente titt ttt tette 41 REMOTE MAIL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION 42 NO ERROR ON INVALID XCHG OPERAND ccssssssssessssssssssseesssecsssecssseessecsssecsaccssecesecsseesscesssen 42 LDE FINDS TOKENS IN COMMENTS cccssssssssssssssssssseesssssssessessuessnsessesssessssessscssessecsseeseesscesseenseass 42 ACECONFIG CHARACTER LIMITATION
29. RMATION SECTION V SYSTEMS 16 BIT MICROPROCESSOR SUPPORT Tek V Systems The V Systems from Tektronix are systems designed to provide complete hardware and software support for design engineers needing the highest quality design tools available The V Systems are configured to integrate with an existing host computer either an 8560 61 or a VAX computer and include all the hardware and option all the software required to do so Included with the V Systems are Tektronix s 8540 Integration Unit 64 K Bytes of memory 16 bit emulation support both emulator and probe Integrated Logic Analysis and as an option Tektronix s unique LANguage Development System LANDS for high level language support LANDS is avail able for either Pascal or C and includes a Language Directed Editor Compiler Integration Control System High Level Debugger Assembler Linker and for supporting VAX computers ICOMAO The Tektronix V Systems are currently available to support the Motorola 68000 68008 and 68010 as well as Intel s 8086 and 8088 microprocessors The V System will also support all the other Tektronix emulators software roducts and options allowing expan sion and growth to cover your future design projects 8540 Integration Unit Tektronix 8540 Integration Unit provides support for Tektronix s entire line of real time emulators both 8 bit and 16 bit Code developed on a Tektronix 8560 or 8561 Digital VAX Computer or other Host computer can be
30. Reference Card 8550 8500 MDL SERIES EMULATOR SPECIFICS USERS MANUALS Z80A 28001 2 6800 6802 6801 68120 6809 68000 68000 8048family 8080A 8085A 8086 87 88 9900 9989 TMS9900 3870 3872 F8 Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Processor 8 10 MHz Part No Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics Emulator Specifics OTHER 8500 SERIES USERS MANUALS 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series 8500 MDL Series CT8500 ACE Screen Editor Reference Manual ACE Users Manual Version 1 ACE Reference Manual Version 2 ACE Users Reference Card Version 1 Pascal Debug Users Manual Pascal Language Reference Manual 2716 2732 PROM Programmer Specifics 2764 PROM Programmer Specifics Users 8748 etc PROM Programmer Specifics 8751 PROM Programmer Specifics Users 68701 PROM Programmer Specifics Users Trigger Trace Analyzer Users Manual TTA High Level Programming Language Extended Hex Interface Instructions Video Display Terminal Operator s Manual 8550 USERS MANUALS DOS 50 8550 8080A 6800 02 280A TMS9900 8085A 3870 3872 F8 1802 8048family 6809 8550 RTPA 8500 MDL SERIES Assembler
31. ains sed script which can be used to convert Tektronix 6800 assembler source to 6809 compatible source Author Bob Christman Philadelphia Field Office March 1984 TEKTRONIX 49 USER GROUP LIBRARY Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS 90 AOTOTH WHITESMITH A OUT TO TEKHEX CONVERTER Conversion Utility MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X C Abstract This directory contains utilities to convert Whitesmith s object files to extended tekhex Sym bols are included according to Tekhex rules no lower case or leading underscore as many of Whitesmith s library routines use the underscore These lines are prefixed with a W in the output symbols A shell script is also included which automates the downloading process into an 8540 emulation station as well as some demonstration files for testing Author Chris Maynard Tek UK Harpenden BIO BIORHYTHM PLOT PROGRAM Recreation MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X w 4105 Color Terminal Abstract This program calculates and plots nice multi color Biorhythm chart on a 4105 color terminal C source included Author William Pfeifer MDP Design Engineering BKUP MULTI DISK FBR INCREMENTAL BACKUP Shell Script MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X Shell Awk and Sed Abstract This program provides the capability of backing up a set of files and directories starting at any node directory The initial backup saves all files and subdirectories Subsequent backups are based on the modification dates of files Mul
32. ame works like this I normally have one binary linked into two names from and to in my private bin Examples from 1 to 10 by 2 enon 09 Source follows from f to t by b Prints integers on standard output in the range f default 1 through t incremented by b default 1 Binary may optionally be linked to two names from and to allowing the from clause to be optional include lt stdio h gt define FROM 1 define TO 2 define BY 3 long From 1 long To long By 1 March 1984 TEKTRONIX 17 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 18 long atol NextNum char Argp define NEXTNUM NextNum argc argp argp argc main argc argp char argp int ToFlag long i Argp argp ToFlag 0 while argc switch what argp case FROM From NEXTNUM break case TO NEXTNUM ToFlag 1 break case BY By NEXTNUM break default 968 is unrecognizable n argpt if ToFlag error to field required Vn if By 0 1 if By lt 0 By 1 if From lt for i From i lt To i By printf DVn i else for i From i gt To i By printf D n i exit 0 what char w if strcmp w from return FROM if strcmp w to 0 return TO if strcmp w by 0 return BY return
33. aracteristic is equal to N when the value of the number is in the range 2 N to 2 N 1 1 Find the characteristic Number Log base 2 fedeba9876543 210 76543210 0001011100111000 1100 1 1738 The number is then shifted left until the most significant bit is set The result is a number between 8000 hex and FFFF hex that represents the fractional portion of the number The representation of the number is changed to 2 to the Nth power times the fraction portion of the number Reformat the number Number Log base 2 fedcba9876543210 76543210 1011100111000000 11007777 B9C0 2 0 1738 To find the mantissa portion of the log value locate the position following table one location prior to table value exceeding the fractional part in the Mantieea 1 2 column If the fractional part is larger than the highest value given then mantissa is equal to zero and the characteristic is incremented The Number column corresponding to the mantissa column could be used but the results would favor smaller log values on the aver age The Number column corresponding to the mantissa column would be used to find the antilog value The table can be implemented in word or byte values Use the table of 16 values below to compare to the upper byte of the fractional part of the number March 1984 25 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS Log base two table Log Fraction Man
34. ard 8550 Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler Specifics Users Manual for Assembler Reference Booklet 8550 Assembler Reference Booklet 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Ref Card 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8550 Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler Reference Booklet 8550 Assembler Reference Booklet 8560 Specifics Users Manual for B Series TEKTRONIX MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION 070 1623 00 070 1438 00 070 4764 00 070 4770 00 070 4550 00 070 4536 00 070 4586 00 PART NUMBER 070 3936 00 070 3937 00 070 4553 01 070 4402 00 070 3571 00 070 3572 00 070 4437 02 070 3922 00 070 4365 06 070 4480 00 070 3877 00 070 4336 00 070 4591 00 070 3601 00 070 3602 00 070 3598 00 070 3599 00 070 3603 00 070 3604 00 070 4409 00 070 4410 00 070 4411 00 070 4412 00 070 4404 00 070 3939 00 070 3992 00 070 4552 01 070 4479 00 PART NUMBER 070 3856 01 070 3943 01 070 3944 01 070 3949 00 070 3950 00 070 3854 00 070 3973 00 070 3958 00 070 4507 00 070 4506 00 070 3947 00 070 3948 00 070 3960 00 070 4369 00 070 3961 00 070 3855 01 070 397 4 00 070 3959 00 070 3955 00 070 3956 00 070 4321 00 070 4364 00 070 4320 00 070 3945 00 070 3946 00 070 3852 00 070 3957 00 070 3853 01 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 9900 9989 9900 9989 9900 9989 Assembler Specifics Assembler Reference Card 8560 Assembler
35. are root of two thus log of the square root of 2 is 08 The log of the result is C8 08 hex which is CO The antilog of is 1000 hex The above result was performed using the table of 16 values An error of less then 490 was introduced which for many applications is acceptable If the table of 256 values is used the result is 1065 which reduces the error to less then 190 When performed with even greater accuracy the result would have been 106B hex The C language program used to produce the log conversion table follows include lt math h gt unsigned int i k n c double j r double steps 256 main e 0 steps counter 0 0 one loop for each line for 0 lt steps 16 1 k lt printf 2x k put 16 values a line for i20 i lt 15 itt c steps 15 r pow 2 0 j n unsigned int printf 904 n c c 1 r 00001 LG printf Wn John Owens Marketing Applications Manager ooo ooo o o ooo o o ow o Goo March 1984 TEKTRONIX 21 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS MDP PASCAL PROCESSING CAPACITY This article describes the processing capabilities of the 8560 versions of MDP Pascal and should be useful for judg ing just how large a program the compiler can handle Since Tektronix Pascal supports separate compilation there should be no problem in partitioning your source into small modules wh
36. ariables record fields or subroutines are present In actual use the program 15 a mixture of many types of declarative items Declarative Measure Size Max Number constant name 30 800 types 42 570 variables 34 705 record fields 42 570 subroutines no args 56 428 subroutines 10 args 436 55 This should help determine the size of program you can expect to be compiled In some cases you may need to use separate include files containing only the definitions required by the module being compiled since including all definitions can take a considerable amount of storage when not really needed for the single module being 28 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS compiled Also keep in mind an identifier can be any length as long as it fits on an input line and all charac ters are significant i herefore using very long identifiers will use up much more storage Greg Saville Software Support Manager PPP SETTING BREAKPOINTS ON REALS IN PASCAL DEBUG When using 68000 Pascal and setting breakpoints on statements using real numbers you may not get the results you expect Since the compiler generates trap instructions rather than normal executable instructions in real number manipulations breakpoints on them require some special considerations For an example get the Payments program running as described in the Learning Guide Demonstration Run in the Pascal Debug Users Manual There is an article
37. bin tek and usr bin should be left as provided to assure no conflict with new TNIX commands made available in the future or with com mands that use other commands in their execution For example the rm and test commands are frequently used by other commands It is recommended that user created commands which replace TNIX commands not be placed in the above directories Only under carefully evaluated circumstances should a new command be placed in bin or usr bin that has the same name as a standard TNIX command or that replaces a standard TNIX com mand March 1984 TEKTRONIX 19 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS Commands which need to be made available to all users should be placed in usr local Any new commands should have manual pages created for the benefit of new or infrequent users The manual pages can be installed in usr man cat9 or usr man local The usr local directory must be added since it is not standard The man command will also require modification to permit the search of catl through cat9 and or the local directory If desired commands which contain the same command name as standard TNIX commands can be located in this directory but this should be done with caution A new user might initially be better off having only the standard command environment made available When the user has gained sufficient familiarity with the system the new commands can be made available by simply modifying the PATH va
38. d At this point the user could examine or alter any memory location disassemble his code alter processor registers etc and rerun now run again with full trace enabled simdl trace full sim5l g 0 Starting at addr 0000 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pe sp dptr time reg bnk RO Ri R2 R4 RS RE RT 00 0000 07 0000 46us 00 55 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff Po P2 P3 PSW TCON SCON IE IP B TMOD THO TLO TLI ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ePO ePi eP2 eP3 mPO mP1 mP2 mP3 SBUFi SBUFo ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 0000 78 50 MOV RO 50 PROCESSOR STATUS e acc pe sp dptr time reg bnk RO R2 R4 RS RE 00 0002 07 0000 48us 00 50 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff March 1984 TEKTRONIX 33 MDP APPLICATIONS PO ff P2 ff P3 ff PSW 00 P1 ff ePi ff eP2 ff eP3 ff 0 ff 0002 79 05 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pe sp dptr 00 0004 07 0000 PO P2 P3 PSW ff ff ff ff 00 eP1 2 eP3 ff ff ff ff 0004 4 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pc sp dptr 00 0005 07 0000 PO Pi P2 P3 PSW ff ff ff ff 00 eP0 ePl 2 eP3 ff ff ff ff 0005 26 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pe sp dptr 01 0006 07 0000 Po Pi P2 PSW ff ff ff ff 01 ePO eP1 eP2 eP3 ff if ff ff 0006 08 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pe sp dptr 01 0007 07 0000 PO P2 P3 PSW ff ff ff ff 01 ePO eP1 eP2 eP3 ff ff ff ff 34 Issue 4 Vol 2 SCON 00 00 IE 00 IP 00 B TMOD THO 00 00 00 mPO m
39. d 8f07 8f6a 8fce 9031 9095 9Ofa 915e 30 91c3 9228 928e 92f4 935a 93 0 9426 9484 94f4 955c 95c8 902b 9694 96 0765 97 40 9837 9881 990b 9975 99e0 9a4b 9 6 9521 9b8d 9bf9 9c65 9 lt 42 9dSe Odab 9e19 9 87 50 9efb 9f63 9742 a041 amp 0bO alif 318 alff 2270 2 1 a352 a8c8 a435 8447 3519 s58b 1980 aSfe a672 a759 a7cd a842 a8b6 a92b a9al 52817 8 abOS ab7a abfl 8 aced 70 458 addO amp e49 amp ec2 afSb afbb5 bO2f bOad b123 19 b21a b295 b311 b 8e 40 b487 80 504 b582 b600 b67e b6fd b77c b7fb b87b b8fb b97c b9fc ba7d baff bb81 03 85 90 408 bd8b beOf 93 bf17 bf9c c021 12 clb2 238 c2bf 346 c456 c4de AO 567 c5f0 679 c708 c78d c817 c8a2 c92e c9b9 45 42 cbbe cbec 79 cd07 cd95 Bo ce24 ceb3 cf48 cfd2 4063 4013 4184 4216 d2a8 d338a d8ce 1457 d4f3 4587 d6ib CO d744 d7da 4870 4906 4994 da34 dacb db63 dbfb dc94 dd2d ddc7 de60 defb df96 e031 DO eOce e168 e205 e282 e88f e8dd e47b 1 ebb9 e658 8 e798 e839 e8da e97c eale EO 0 eb63 ec07 ecaa ed4f edf3 99 efe4 f08b 132 f1d9 281 1329 f3d2 f47b FO 0525 f cf f67a 725 1740 187 lt 1929 1946 fa83 fb31 fbdf fc8e fd3e fded fe9e 4 CDtaining the result of 1738 hex divided by the square root would be accomplished in the following steps The result is the antilog of the log of the square root of 02 subtracted from the log of 1738 The log of 2 which is 10 hex divided by two is the log of the squ
40. d on the software for the new machine Binary Right to Copy is available for all assemblers compilers and LANDS packages as well as ICOM40 and COLORKEY 4 for the VAX It is not available for the ACE editor the auxiliary packages for the 856X or 8550 software This new method of discounting multiple copies of software is available at any time not just at the time of origi nal purchase If you need more copies of software you already own you can simply buy the Binary Right to Copy License Marilyn Hanson MDP Product Marketing gt 33 ACE CONFIG FILES FOR Z 29 AND HP 2645 TERMINALS We have recently received ACE configuration files for the Zenith Z 29 and Hewlett Packard HP2645 terminals Copies hardcopy listing only are available from me Thanks to Gregory Greer and Robert Stone of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for offering to share their efforts Greg Saville Software Support Manager ooo oo ooo o o o om M March 1984 TEKTRONIX 5 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS COLORKEY 4 IS NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE VAX The Colorkey user Interface is now available for VAX 730 750 780 782 minicomputers with UNIX or VMS operating systems Colorkey is special color user interface for the VAX 8540 development system environment Its advanced use of color coding and other graphics features provide you with an exceptionally fast learning curve and a valuable reference tool COLOR Color has a strong p
41. e of any variable by entering its name s used in the original source Plus high level debug allows you to trace procedures examine variable values in different levels of recursion or modify returned values of functions Additionally program structures can be checked for type and variable content on line at any time High level amenities for assembly coding With Tektronix assemblers linkers you get features that are normally only associated with high level coding For example you can create sophisticated macro statements that provide high level coding power The INCLUDE directive can be used to include other files containing assembler source data types constants and variables Con ditionals using Boolean expressions are available to help you control the assembly process And Tek assemblers all share the same base which means once you learn a Tek assembler you can move from one microprocessor to another with a minimum of learning time All the MACRO commands expression handling and assembler direc tives are the same ICOM140 provides an integrated environment ICOMAO is a transparent communications environment which allows remote access to 8540 s connected to a VAX Computer with either UNIX or VMS operating systems The VAX computer operating system and the 8540 operating system can be accessed from any terminal connected to the VAX computer In this mode 8540 com mands are entered from the keyboard as if they were VAX operating syst
42. el language In addition large programs can be broken down and independently coded and debugged which allows a modular approach to complex software development projects ICS automatically defines the Hard ware Software interface The LANDS Integration Control System ICS is a unique design tool that reduces hardware software interface programming to a single simple interaction with ICS software Through prompts supplied the ICS or through a regular editor the user simply fills in a brief list of parameters that describes the hardware software interface Once this is done the ICS handles all details connected with implementing the interface including the generation of low level code for interrupt handling and hardware initializing reset In addition ICS can automatically Optionally includes external interface back panel and 8 lead test probe 2 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION handle the specifics of setting up the code to run under emulation High Level Debug streamlines the development cycle Tektronix LANDS rounds out high level software development support by providing High Level Debug which lets you perform debug operations entirely at the compiler source level while your program executes on your prototype in real time For instance you can set breakpoints based on original Pascal or C source code statements line numbers or procedure function names You can obtain the current valu
43. elopment time The program can then be scrutinized for time critical areas or memory constraints and portions or perhaps all of the code may be re written in assembly language Once you know that your concept will achieve the desired results portions needing recoding will proceed much faster and with fewer errors The HLL text becomes a basis of speci fying the functionality of the language module In addition there may be times when the coding is not complete but the prototype needs to be tested so hardware development can continue quick program can be written in HLL to test your prototype so that development of software and hardware can proceed simultaneously method of automated module testing can also be set up with the I O capabilities offered particularly in MDL u With the I O simulation substitution allowed modules of code can be extensively tested individually or collec tively by replacing prototype I O with predetermined stimulus data The results of execution can be stored for comparison to expected results MDL u Programming Language with Rational pre processor offers you an inexpensive easy to learn high level language MDL u is a language based on ANSII Standard BASIC with extensions particularly targeted to microprocessor development Rational is a pre processor for the BASIC compiler which gives you program control structures similar to the C Programming Language Together they give you an efficient method of programming
44. em commands These commands are recognized by ICOM40 as 8540 commands and sent to the 8540 for processing The 8540 processes the commands and sends responses back to ICOM40 and then on to the originating Terminal Process Optional Equipment The following equipment is available as options to the V Systems Option 1 for the 8540 upgrades the standard 64KB memory card to 128KB of memory Option 2 adds the Memory Allocation Controller for allocating 4 K Byte blocks of memory to any address range within the addressable limits of the microprocessor This option is not available for the 8086 and 8088 emulators as the function is included on the emulator itself Option 3 adds the rear interface panel and eight lead probe for the Trigger Trace Analyzer This allows the mon itoring of up to eight external points and provides external outputs for trigger pulses generated off the trigger trace cards four super breakpoints Options 1A 1G selects the Pascal Language Development System with support for different systems and media Options 2A 2G selects the C Language Development System with support for different systems and media Options 1 5 selects the appropriate power cord for the 8540 The V System is designed to allow expansion as your needs change Any of the above options can be added to your V System at any time The system can be configured for today s needs and expand to meet your needs tomorrow Please contact your local Tektronix sales rep
45. entary program un c is used to uncode the ascii data back to its original form These simple utilities have no error checking they were only intended to provide a quick easy way to transport a binary image They are just as reliable as cu normally is for any other ascii transfer We have used them here in MDP Marketing regularly with no problems You can always send the file across bring it back and the original with the doubly transferred copy for verification These utilities are included in the MDP User s Group Library MUGL Disk Volume if you don t want to type them in File en c en encode any binary file to an ascii representation suitable for take ing with cu Use the complimentary utility un to convert en s output back to its original binary representation uses std in amp out example usage en lt binaryin gt asciirepout gas 11 17 83 include lt stdio h gt main int 1 0 while c getchar EOF putchar c amp 0x0f0 gt gt 4 A March 1984 TEKTRONIX 13 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS putchar c amp 0x0f A TES if 1 16 0 putchar n putchar n File un c un uncode ascii representation file take ed with cu back to its original binary form Use the complimentary utility en to ascii encode a binary file for take ing with cu Uses std in amp out example usage u
46. es No _ How can USER GROUP NEWS serve you better Please provide suggestions below OPTIONAL Do you feel that an Answers to Users Questions section would be useful Yes No What Third Party Software have you used 8560 What micros are you using today What micros are you going to use soon What micros are under consideration for the future Will your design include multiple micros What development system enhancements do you want to see Send us your answers we re interested Please use the postage paid envelope enclosed with this issue or send to MDP Technical Support Manager Tektronix Inc Del Station 92 635 P O Box 4600 Beaverton Oregon 97075 or if you have access to USENET uw beaver zentel decvax tektronix tekmdp mdpbug NEW INFORMATION IS AVAILAULE Subject product I would like to receive the following information 8 Bit Standalone Development System 16 Bit Development System C Language Development System VAX Software 8500 Series System Brochure 80186 Emulator System 68010 68008 Emulator System 1750A Bus Emulator NSC800 Emulator 7800 Family Emulator Third Party Vendor Catalogue Have a salesperson call Other 0000000000000 Please complete this card IF 1 The address label is incorrect or 2 You are not the person who should receive this newsletter or 3 You wish to add names to our mail list
47. ew Emulators esee eere eene nennen 4 NSG800 sa tendere endres dene kle 4 PASCAL COMPILER pari rr eo eee 39 PASCAL DEBUG as 41 Pascal Processing 28 PLM 8085 Third Party Software 38 RMAIL aS 42 Patches eere pee ete 29 Setting Breakpoints on Reals in Pascal 29 Shell Script hine eei re ish 14 17 21 Submittal Form 35 Third Party Software 37 38 TNUX iu net ee fe eee etd oti epitope 19 TNIX I O Parameter Control 22 TTA CR 7 UNICOM sedan a 42 User Group Library 4 User Group Library Index 47 V System MC 1 March 1984 TEKTRONIX 55 USERGROUP NEWS EVALUATION Zip Mail label No OR Please rate articles presented in USER GROUP NEWS on a scale of one to ten Enter your rating on the following attributes usefulness depth effectiveness format or other Please provide rating of the following sec tions of USER GROUP NEWS Product Information Applications Third Party Software Product Performance User Group Library Abstracts B Have you used an application program presented in USER GROUP NEWS Yes or Have you used a library program Y
48. for the 8080 8085 and Z80 NSC800 microprocessors Tektronix now offers two MDL u products on the 856X development system one that generates 8080 assembly code and one that generates Z80 assembly code See your local Tektronix representative for ordering information Marilyn Hanson MDP Product Marketing PL TTA HIGH LEVEL PROGRAMMING TTA HLP High Level Programming software is now being shipped with Version 2 TTA s 8540F03 8540 Opt 03 at no extra charge HLP is a new command language that offers a high level problem oriented approach to programming the TTA When installed on the 8560 it provides an easy way to use the TTA to its fullest capability For example to count the time between two events OLD WAY eve 1 a 02 b f eve 2 a 08 b f ctr 3 11 cou 1 s evl v 1 o delay cou 2 s ev2 v 1 o timeout cou 3 s 2usec v 0 g selt let start a 2 b f let end a 8 b f count 2usec after start until end March 1984 TEKTRONIX 7 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS NOTE TTA is NOT COMPATIBLE WITH OLD TTA s This is a new feature offered for new TTA s only serial number B030000 or higher HLP runs on the 8550 only Roger Crooks MDP Product Marketing ooo o ooo ooo om om EEE 07 ICOM40 SOURCE ICOMAO Source options do not contain ICOM40 binary The source is meant for users who must modify ICOM40 to make it run on their machine Users who need source and binary must buy BOTH o
49. ich can be combined at link time Since the new virtual symbol table linker is now available there is no real limit to the number of modules that may be linked The current pascal compilers on the 8560 are limited by the LSI 11 cpu to maximum memory image of 64K bytes per invocation Of this 64K about 7K is reserved for the p code interpreter which run the compiler the compiler itself is written in pascal Another 8K starting at the high end of memory is used for the pcode stack and grows downward Approximately 28K of heap starts just above the resident pcode interpreter and grows upward toward the stack Between the heap and stack is a movable buffer area which is used to page in the com piler pcode as needed Under normal conditions there is about 24K available for the compiler to build its symbol table As the compiler runs building its symbol table the pcode buffer is squeezed and or moved causing a page fault When 1000 page faults have been detected a message is displayed alerting the user that excessive paging is occurring this continues to happen the compiler will eventually abort since the resulting thrashing to disk would be intolerable anyhow When this occurs the only solution is to divide the source into smaller modules which the compiler can handle The compiler capacity measures may be divided into two classes the declarative oriented measurements and the processing oriented measurements In declarative capacity
50. ine even when defined in the current module This can happen when the statement is parameterless procedure call or involves an expression whose evaluation begins with a parameterless function call Examples oo o oo ow on o EE do something do something call only ch chr ord inchar 16420 inchar called first while not done do something not done called first The workaround if step is needed in parameterless procedure or function is to enter the subroutine by means of the to command then continue using step The step command will sometimes produce one or two extra stops just before exiting a subroutine The statement number given for the extra stop s coincides with the last statement number in the subroutine even though that statement may not have been executed If the command is used following one of these redundant stops the traceback display may be incorrect specifically calling scope s activation record may be omitted from the index numbered list This problem does not affect program execution in any way and can be ignored simply continue single stepping until the calling scope is reached Do not use the tb command after a redundant stop of his kind 40 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE Symbolic address arguments in PDB command expressions may be incorrectly pre
51. ion XCHG tries to use a 16 bit register and 8 bit register together LDE FINDS TOKENS IN COMMENTS Configuration 8560 TNIX V1 03 and LDE VAX UNIX V1 02 VAX VMS 1 03 Problem If the cursor is located inside a comment field Find or Replace Token does not work ACECONFIG CHARACTER LIMITATION Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 0 and ACE V3 0 Problem The aceconfig program does not allow the insertion of the circumflex character into a file this is required for some teletype terminals TEKTRO NIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE COLORKEY ERROR WITH V3 4105 Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 and 4105 firmware V3 Problem Colorkey hangs when displaying pix files on new 4105 version 3 firmware Comments Edit the pix files located in usr lib ksh bin and remove the enable gin mode command An easy way to do this is to invoke lde on the pix files and delete the escape control z represented as Z near the beginning of the file Place the cursor on the start of the above sequence and press rubout twice write the file out and then exit 280 ASM b OPTION SECTION PHASE ERROR Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 and Z80 assembler V2 00 02 Problem The 280 assembler won t assemble properly when b switch Virtual Symbol Table is used with forward referencing i e using symbol before it is defined It gives an undefined operand and section phase errors The same code wor
52. ion passed to the command After the test a command is used to generate a recursive list of all files and directories contained in the selected directory along with their size and path The sed command uses the sed script sedf shown below The sed script is used to flag information as to type and remove unnecessary data and lines The awk command uses the awk script awkf shown below The awk script takes the output of the sed command and translates the data into command file The awk pro gram creates a command file that will not exceed the limit of characters on command line the number of files that a disk can contain or the total number of blocks that a disk can contain The command file also contains the prompting sequences for disk changes After creating the command file in usr tmp the mode of the file is changed to permit execution then the file is executed After completion of the created command file the file is removed and the attributes of the UPDATE file is changed to current date and time Prior to exiting bkup command file a message DONE is sent to the user to indicate completion 14 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 usr bin bkup contains echo Gathering data if test f 1 14 UPDATE then find 1 newer UPDATE exec 1 dsl V sed n f usr lib backup sedf awk f usr lib backup awkf gt usr tmp bkup else lr lsa 1 J NY sed n f usr lib backup sedf
53. is occurs exit with a control C and edit the file tmp bkup and remove the offending file reference The file can then be reexecuted followed by entering a touch UPDATE command No signals have been trapped Adding a signal trap may be useful The problem mentioned in the first caution could be handled in the bkup shell script by using the shell e option The e option causes the tmp bkup shell script to exit on encountering an error Additionally the return status could be tested to automate handling the problem Adding the v parameter to the fbr command in the file usr lib bkup sedf would provide additional feedback to the user In some applications it might be usefull John Owens Marketing Applications Manager 16 ooo o o ow ow ow o EE nw nw TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS NUMERIC FOR LOOPS IN THE SHELL Here is simple program which can be used in shell scripts It generates streams of numbers and is most typi cally used in shell for loops for i in from 1 to 10 do done General syntax is from nnn to mmm by iii This generates whole numbers starting with nnn and no greater than mmm incremented by iii The by iii por tion is optional The normal name of the command is from although any other name should work Addition ally If the command is invoked via the name to an implicit from 1 is assumed No other n
54. ks fine with 8086 and 28000 assembler with or without b option WHEX I CHECKSUM ERROR Configuration 8540 OS 40 version 1 Problem When using the wh write hex command with the i INTEL format option no checksum is produced for the termination block 68000 PASCAL I O PORT LIMITATION WITH i OPTION Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 0 and 68000 Pascal V02 02 01 or 8086 Pascal V01 10 05 Problem When using the i small integer compiler option I O port addresses can not use the full 16 bit range of values For the 68000 values greater than 7FFF fail while values greater than CCBF fail for the 8086 Workaround rather than use the i option at compilation time define your own type integer 32768 32767 Although not as effective as using i this does allow full range addressing 1984 TEKTRONIX 43 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS LINKER RESOLUTION OF 8048 OUT OF PAGE JUMPS Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 0 8048 ASM V2 04 08 LINKER V2 08 00 Problem The linker does not produce an error when an in page jump instruction i e jnc has a destination address resolved to an address outside the current page ACE AND CORE DUMPS WITH BREAK KEY Configuration TNIX V2 0 V3 00 00 Problem While in command mode of ace V3 00 if the user types a break a memory fault core dump occurs stty cbreak echo nl The core dump doesn t always occur on the first break but wili eventua
55. l60 moto60 rt60 sim51 tekfix John Owens Marketing Applications Manager PE EEE wx USER GROUP LIBRARY print tree structure of a directory tta help display tia help screen unix cp m modem communications expand tabs filter Function 6800 to 6809 source converter whitesmith a out to tekhex converter biorhythm plot program multi disk fbr incremental backup cp m disk reader encode uncode binary file for cu transfer hewlett packard calculator simulator intel disk reader motorola disk reader dec rt 11 disk reader 8051 microprocessor simulator motorola to tek source converter o o o 3 4105 GRAPHICS DEMO Graphics Demo 856X w 4105 Terminal MUGL TNIX Vol II 4105 This directory contains 23 outstanding color graphic screens demonstrating the capabilities of the 4105 color terminal Included are examples of pie charts bar graphs several maps of vari ous areas detailed cross sectional views of devices printed circuit board layouts and demo screens of the various graphic fill patterns and characters sets available on the 4105 These slides provide very impressive demonstration of the capabilities of the Unicorn terminal A shell script is included which automatically cycles through each slide These files were ported from IDD s 4052 demos Adapted by Doug Morrill Atlanta FO 6800 TO 6809 SOURCE CONVERSION Source Converter 856 MUGL TNIX Vol sed scrip This directory cont
56. le from Tektronix and Caine Farber amp Gordon through a cooperative marketing arrangement with CFG This system can replace Intel systems in projects requiring PLM support With the PLM 8085 Development System these projects can continue their PLM based designs AND benefit from the increased productivity and broader support of Tektronix systems The PLM 8085 System con sists of CFG s PLM SW and Tektronix s 6140 8 bit color Microcomputer Development System Other configurations of the PLM Development System are available to support Z80 and NSC800 development and VAX and UNIX hosts For more information about the PLM 8085 Development System contact your local Tektronix Sales Representa tive For information about the 8085 PLM software you can also directly contact Caine Farber amp Gordon Rodney Bell Software Product Manager ooo o o EEE o on on nw 38 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE PRODUCT PERFORMANCE SECTION 8086 PASCAL ICS UPDATE There is an incompatibility in the current 8086 ICS V01 10 05 and the latest release of the 086 87 88 186 assembler V02 04 11 The fix is easy simply edit the file lib 8086 ics mc and change the line which reads Nwo To the following NOLIST WRN The next release of 8086 Pascal will incorporate this update Greg Saville Software Support Manager oy y ooo oo ooo o oo o mx PASCAL 68000 68010 COM
57. lly occur if multi ple breaks are typed UMASK AND LDE WRITE ERROR Configuration TNIX V2 0 LDE V2 0 Problem If a user inadvertently sets umask to a non writable value such as 227 LDE will exit normally but the file will be created empty LDE AND MULT SHELL ESCAPES Configuration LDE V2 02 AND TNIX V2 0 Problem If a large number approx 15 of shell commands are executed during a single LDE session LDE may not have write permission in the current directory even if it should Subsequent Update commands to LDE will not work 44 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 PRODUCT PERFORMANCE PROBLEM REPORT Customer Name LLL Date Company Name Company Address Internal Address Dept City State Zip Code Areacode Tel No HARDWARE CONFIGURATION Include serial number and firmware version numbers SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION Include version numbers for all involved products and operating system PROBLEM Include source results obtained and results expected Please submit the minimum source code required to demonstrate the problem Complete documentation will enable us to duplicate the problem COMMENTS Send to MDP Technical Support Manager Tektronix Inc Del Station 92 635 P O Box 4600 Beaverton Oregon 97075 or if you have access to USENET uw beaver zentel decvax tektronix tekmdp mdpbug March 1984 TEKTRONIX 45 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP
58. loppy disk but we ll take whatever you have If the program warrants it we can add the documentation e All accepted programs will be archived in MDP Marketing and as soon as we have enough to reasonably fill a disk new volume will be released e Annually we will provide a master listing and index of all MUGL software Each volume will also include a catalog listing and summary of all software included on that disk Here s your chance to obtain lots of neat applications software for free However we need your contributions to keep the program going so send in your programs Greg Saville Software Support Manager 2 o SUM BINARY RIGHT TO COPY LICENSE A new form of discounting for companies needing more than one copy of a particular piece of software is now available for and 856X language development software For 50 of the item s list price a user can obtain the Binary Right to Copy License which allows the right to duplicate the selected software package from one machine to another When ordering the Binary Right to Copy the user will receive a license stating permission to copy the software to ONE and ONLY ONE other 8560 or VAX You will not receive software manuals or warranty The user must do the duplication himself Manuals can be purchased separately Since we warrant the first copy there is no reason to warrant the additional copy However Software Subscription Service can be obtaine
59. media utilities including some sources which permit reading Motorola Intel CP M and RT 11 floppies on the 8560 1 The most notable submission on this volume is an 8051 simulator package which when combined with our assembler 8751 prom programmer and 8560 1 provides a complete package for designing with the 8051 chip For additional information on these and other new submissions see the MUGL Abstracts section of this issue MUGL is provided as a service to MDP users for collecting and distributing user contributed software for all Tek tronix Microprocessor Development Products The program works like this e All users are encouraged to submit their creations to MUGL MDP Marketing PO Box 4600 MS 92 635 Beaverton OR 97075 All submissions will be considered and are made with the understanding that the software may be placed in the public domain Please don t send your only copy as we are unable to return any submissions whether accepted or not For your convenience a software submission form is included in this issue and on each MUGL disk volume We must have the author s name to consider a submission but we will withhold it if you prefer not to be contacted by anyone 4 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION e We will generally check out the programs but no guarantees of any kind will be made We prefer to have the object source documentation and manual page as applicable submitted on a f
60. n lt asciirepin gt binaryout gas 11 17 83 include lt stdio h gt main int c while c getchar if c n putchar c lt lt 4 amp 0 0 0 getchar c Greg Saville Software Support Manager o oo o o o o ow o o ooo o o o mx MULTI DISK FBR AND INCREMENTAL BACKUP The foliowing files allow a user to perform periodic backup of all files and directories under a specified path The command first looks for a file UPDATE in the directory defined by the path or in the current directory if no path is provided If the UPDATE file does not exist all files and directories will be archived on sequential fbr command created disks and the UPDATE file will be created If the UPDATE file exists all files and direc tories newer then the date of the UPDATE file will be archived When the files have been archived the date attribute of the UPDATE file is updated to the current date and time If more then one disk is used the user is prompted to change the volume as needed METHOD The file bkup shown below first eases users fears by sending Gathering data then tests for the existence of UPDATE in the target directory It might be useful to note the use of the expression 1 14 UPDATE This expression resolves to UPDATE if no parameters are used with the command and it resolves to path dir UPDATE if path dir is the path descript
61. ntinue with another go and the program continues as expected This poses no problem other than the minor inconvenience of having to go twice In summary there are no bugs associated with breakpoints on math operations with real numbers just a matter of understanding how they are handled buy the emulator Greg Saville Software Support Manager Ne NN ee 2 DN ROM PATCHES FOR 8540 Several ROM patches have recently been evaluated and approved for the 8540 ROM patches 51 and 52 deal with the lighting of the LED on the TTA board at the wrong time during diagnostic checking Rom patches 53 and 54 solve the problem of the rompatch command hanging when there were no empty slots in the romboard ROM patches 55 and 56 were added to correct the checksum algorithm used by rompatch which did not compare the lower byte of the checksum ROM patches 51 thru 56 are listed below rompatch 03f41 51 1071 138801 0 03 rompatch 0a743 52 10d4 138801 0 02 rompatch 53 067c DEFLT ROMPATCH 95 rompatch 04699 54 0632 DEFLT ROMPATCH c0c00401cc0c0a1b43 rompatch 09077 55 0014 DEFLT ROMPATCH 1f2db6 rompatch 06422 56 0db6 DEFLT ROMPATCH 9c2aec0c0d89ec0d929c2aec1f20f7 The above ROM patches should not be entered unless the previous 50 rompatches have been entered into the 8540 March 1984 TEKTRONIX 29 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS Chuck Smith MDP Product Marketing gt
62. nual 070 3769 00 68xxx Emulator Processor with 68000 68008 68010 070 4691 00 6800 02 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3663 00 6801 68120 Prototype Control Probe Installation Manl 070 3865 00 6809 Prototype Control Probe Installation Manual 070 3866 00 6809E Prototype Control Probe Installatn Svc Suppl 070 4462 00 68000 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3771 01 68000 Emulator Processor Emulator Board EMU2 Upgrade 070 4833 00 8048family Emul Proc PCP Installn Manual 070 3671 00 8080A Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3664 00 8085A Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3666 00 8086 8088 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3775 00 9900 9989 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 4158 00 TMS9900 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3670 00 TTA Installation Manual 070 3761 00 PROM Programmer Controller Installation Manual 070 3903 00 64K 128K Program Memory Installation Manual 070 3923 00 MAC Installation Manual 070 3925 00 VST LINKER ON THE 8560 The current linker on the 8560 61 Version 2 is capable of linking programs with up to 1200 global symbols Although this is sufficient for a majority of programs users writing extremely large programs especially for chips such as the 68000 and 8088 find that the liaker runs out of symbol table space resulting in Link Error 102 Memory Overflow new version of the linker will soon be available which will accept an unlimi
63. octal converter file patch routine m900 prom programmer communications program printer queue status spooler queue status debug session restore restore emu status 280 debug session save telephone number search personal commands list 68k trace filter z8k trace filter z80 trace filter tek hex file split more paging utility vanilla more Function 4105 definitions library 4105defines h c define library displays graphics checkerboard on 4105 nec to tek asm source converter editor script debug help display debug help screen tekhex downloader program 4105 programming utility convert floating point number to a fraction cat data to 4105 graphics screen 4105 color terminal graphics hewlett packard calculator simulator ibm disk reader for the 8560 4105 graphics generator interactive graphics editor intel object to tekhex converter 4105 graphics demo listing header formatter modified printer spooler mail list maintenance program rename upper to lower case file names pictures dir directory of 4105 graphics pictures newline carriage return linefeed translation modified remove command unix lt gt rt 11 file i o package modify 4105 character background colors 4105 color terminal graphics demo special character filter whitesmith s object to tekhex converter March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 tree tta umodem xtab Volumn 3 Command 6800t06809 aototh bio bkup cpm60 en un hp inte
64. ommand syntax is grope n m string lt filename where n is the number of lines prior the matched string line m is th number of lines following the matched string and string is the character sequence to be searched for The command content follows 1 2 3 awk BEGIN cnt 0 MAXLN 1 2 1 the number of lines displayed DLY 2 1 one greater then the trailing lines DELAY 0 rent LINE cnt 0 if DELAY gt 1 DELAY if cnt gt MAXLN for i 1 i lt ent i LINE i LINE i 1 cnt MAXLN 3 DELAY DLY if DELAY 1 for i 1 i amp cnt ict print LINE i DELAY 0 END if DELAY gt 1 for i DELAY i lt cnt i print LINE i p The above was an exercise to demonstrate the use of arrays in awk John Owens Marketing Applications Manager Motto o ow nw March 1984 TEKTRONIX 21 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS IOCTL CALLS UNDER TNIX With TNIX users are permitted extensive control of input output parameters This degree of control greatly exceeds that of V7 UNIX and yet TNIX is also compatible with many programs written for UNIX which control input output parameters The way that this compatibility is accomplished is the subject c this article The han dling of the sg flags component of struct sgttyb will be examined in detail Input output control requests
65. onverter MUGL TNIX Vol III EXOR macs Versados 3 0 P ascal 2 0 Pascal Abstract This utility can be used to transport assembly language source from a Motorola EXORmacs development system to a Tektronix 8550 or 8560 Assembler directives supported by Motorola are converted to their comparable Tektronix equivalents There are some items which must be converted manually most notably macros This program is written in Motorola Pascal Ver sion 2 0 for Versados 3 0 or later All sources are included on this MUGL Volume in 8560 fbr format and must be ported to an EXORmacs for compilation and execution Author Charles A Brandt Advanced Mechanization Inc 54 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP LIBRARY INDEX MM PCM mr 6 16 Bit Microprocessor Support 1 hl c 43 Ma d cu m 290 KE T NM 5 SE ee ek ic M 280 Assembler 48 2764 27128 Fast Programming Mod i 4105 Graphics Demo 49 68000 PASCAL seta eet ener 39 68000 Pascal isset 43 COOC SOMECE COBY ORIEN cube ecu MPa ue iam RR REE 4 I p OE ENES ES E 4 Biorhythm 29 8048 Assembler 44 CP M Disk Reader 50 8051 Simulator nen 30 CU Binary Transfer 51 2086 ICS Update une n docerent tees iti ede 39 8086 186 As
66. pment Lab Installation Guide MUSDU Installation Guide Series MUSDU TNIX Version 2 Installation MUSDU Installation Guide Disk Expansion Unit Installation Manual TEKTRONIX MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION 070 3593 00 070 3594 00 070 3595 00 070 3596 00 076 3597 00 070 3692 00 070 3693 00 PART NUMBER 070 4543 00 070 4742 00 070 4741 00 070 4740 00 070 4857 C0 070 4852 00 070 4855 00 070 4852 00 070 4854 00 PART NUMBER 070 2976 01 070 4447 00 070 2975 00 070 3920 00 070 4287 04 070 3900 00 070 4356 00 070 4475 00 070 4253 00 070 2724 01 070 3762 00 070 3757 00 070 3758 00 070 4350 00 070 4352 00 070 3759 00 070 4351 00 070 3924 00 070 4561 00 070 4562 00 070 4772 00 070 2715 01 070 3772 00 070 2631 01 070 2634 01 070 2887 00 070 3768 00 070 4458 00 070 2354 03 070 3864 00 070 3867 00 070 4461 00 070 3770 00 070 4690 00 070 4692 00 070 2632 01 070 2353 03 070 2716 01 070 3774 01 070 2712 01 070 4157 00 PART NUMBER 070 3921 00 070 2974 01 070 3899 00 070 4496 02 070 4627 00 070 4355 00 1 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS 8560 GPIB Interface Installation Service Manual 070 4476 00 280A Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3665 01 28001 2 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Mal 070 3773 00 1802 Emulator Processor PCP Installation Manual 070 3667 00 3870 3872 F8 Emulator Processor PCP Installn Manual 070 3669 00 68xx Emulator Processor Installation Ma
67. pplication program trace enable disable short long trace option mosc set master oscillator to desired value reset reset uP s registers set set variable name value seri simulate receiving a character trout redirect trace output chksum calculate check checksum for code view execution trace buffer dis disassemble memory contents have run some tests with this program and find it to be a very useful tool for designing and debugging 8051 applications Execution is very fast operation is simple good error messages anc documentation are supplied and the source is well commented Since the complete C source is included custom changes can easily be made if desired Application programs can be written with our 8051 assembler converted to Intel hex with the ehex i command and loaded and debugged with the simulator Final prototype test can be made by programming an 8751 with our prom programmer and using a DAS or 1240 logic analyzer for hardware analysis This makes a very nice complete package for designing with the 8051 microprocessor Author Travis Marlatte E F Johnson Co Please do not contact the author regarding general usage however feedback regarding enhancements bugs etc is solicited in writing to E F Johnson Co Johnson Ave Waseca MN 56093 March 1984 TEKTRONIX 93 USER GROUP LIBRARY Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS TEKFIX MOTOROLA TO TEK SOURCE CONVERTER Source C
68. processed when passed through to the emulator TTA via the TNIX shell by means of the command prefix An argument of the form amp lt identifier gt might end up translated into a 32 bit ASCII hex address string incorrectly containing a special internal memory space code in the most significant eight bits resulting in an error message from the emulator or TTA The workaround is to query PDB about the address first then issue the pass through command using the absolute hex address not the Pascal identifier John Owens Marketing Applications Manager MDP BUG BASE The following product performance reports are contained in our data base If you have encountered addi tional problems not listed here or in previous issues please use the product performance report form provided at the end of this section We will keep you informed about the progress toward the solution to the problem We wii also try to provide a work around immediately John Owens Marketing Applications Manager KSH WHERE AM I DEBUG DISPLAY Configuration 8560 TNIX V2 8540 OS 40 version 1 0 and keyshell version 2 0 Problem Get into the Debug configure newsetup menu and press where am next during each step When fill is reached there are 11 where am i lines and several are for unselected menus including one that is all blank except for manual and done Even selecting items instead of pressing next not all the boxes picked in fill even the current box
69. r buy the source and recompile it to get the binary Diane Wortsmann MDP Product Marketing Moo o oM o o o ow o Go MANUALS LIST Manuals are listed in the following categories 8560 Users Manuals 8550 Users Manuals DOS 50 V 2 8540 Users Manuals 8500 MDL Series B Assembler Users Manuals 8500 MDL Series Emulator Specifics Manuals Other 8500 Series Users Manuals 8550 Users Manuals DOS 50 V 1 8500 MDL Series A Assembler Users Manuals Host Software 8500 Series Installation Manuals 8560 Users Manuals 8560 MUSDU Class C Text Processing Package Users Mnl 070 4272 00 8560 MUSDU Class C Native Programming Pkg Users Mnl 070 4271 00 8560 MUSDU Class C Auxiliary Utilities Pkg Users Mnl 070 4270 00 8560 MUSDU ACE Reference Card 070 4190 00 8560 OtSDU ACE Users Booklet version 2 070 4468 00 8560 MUSDU ACE Screen Editor Users Booklet 070 4725 00 Version 3 4105 Edition 8560 MUSDU Language Directed Editor Users Manual 070 4253 00 8560 MUSDU Language Directed Editor Users Manual 070 4728 00 4105M Edition 8560 MUSDU Language Directed Editor CT8500 Edition 070 4249 00 Reference Card 8560 MUSDU Language Directed Editor Reference Card 070 4727 00 4105 M Edition 8560 MUSDU Language Directed Editor Template for 070 4622 00 CT8500 Keyboard package of 4 templates 8560 MUSDU Pascal Debug 8086 8088 Reference Card 070 4283 00 8560 MUSDU Pascal Debug 28001 28002 Reference Card 070 4464 00 8560 MUSDU Pascal 68000
70. re available There are 3 types of breakpoints breaks internal memory breaks and stackpointer breaks There are 3 PC breakpoints available which can optionally be set with an iteration count and or set to arm another PC breakpoint There are three memory breakpoints which can be set to halt simulation when an internal memory location changes value The stackpointer breakpoint can be set to trigger when ever the stackpointer crosses the set boundary This is useful for detecting and monitoring stack overflow Trace cutput can be directed to a file as well as the CRT This permits detailed analysis away from the CRT TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP LIBRARY Simulated real time is shown as part of the status display Instruction sequences can be accurately timed even when breakpoints interrupt the program The master oscillator frequency is programmable by the user Command summary We Best of all the simulator is available free of charge from your MUGL library imem examine alter internal memory cmem examine alter code memory xmem examine alter external memory 5 start restart simulation bpmem memory breakpoint control stat display microprocessor register contents sel select desired register set mc initialize timer quit exit simulator ss enable disable single step bppc PC breakpoint manipulation bpstk SP breakpoint manipulation read load Intel hex a
71. red value 30 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS e reset reset uP s registers e set set variable name value e seri simulate receiving a character e trout redirect trace output e chksum calculate check checksum for code e pctrace view execution trace buffer e dis disassemble memory contents We have run some tests with this program and find it to be a very useful tool for designing and debugging 8051 applications Execution is very fast operation is simple good error messages and documentation are supplied and the source is well commented Since the complete C source is included custom changes can easily be made if desired Application programs can be written with our 8051 assembler converted to Intel hex with the ehex i command and loaded and debugged with the simulator Final prototype test can be made by programming an 8751 with our prom programmer and using a DAS or 1240 logic analyzer for hardware analysis This makes a very nice complete package for designing with the 8051 microprocessor Best of all the simulator is available free of charge from your MUGL library Here is an example log session demonstrating some of the simulator s capabilities take a look at our demo program cat demo asm demo asm for simdl the standard learning guide demo program adapted for the 8051 uP gas 1 19 84 section coderom org 0 define starting location start mov r0
72. resentative for more information Bob Ferguson MDP Product Marketing ooo oo oo o o om o nw VAX is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation tUNIX registered trademark of AT amp T Bell Laboratories VMS is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation March 1984 TEKTRONIX 3 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS NEW EMULATOR NEWS 80186 Emulator Now Shipping 1750A Bus Emulator Starts Shipping This Quarter NSC8 00 Emulator Now Shipping 78 Series Emulator Starts Shipping This Quarter For more information contact your local Tektronix sales engineer John Owens Marketing Applications Manager oa wo y ooo o o oo oM M MUGL VOLUME III DISK RELEASED The third MDP User Group Library MUGL disk has just been released and copies may be obtained from your local sales office This volume contains many new application programs to run on your 8560 61 There are several more impressive 4105 Color Terminal Graphic Screens as well as a biorhythm program which utilizes the terminal s color capabilities We have three converter utilities one to translate 6800 to 6809 assembly source another which converts Motorola assembly source to Tektronix compatible source and a utility to convert Whitesmith s object to extended tekhex John Owens has created a handy disk backup program which create fbr backups on multiple floppies We have also released four
73. riable Commands which are needed by a single user should be placed in usr username bin The PATH variable then would include the string usr username bin The name bin was chosen so that it would not be displayed during a listing of the usr username directory and would also infer that it is commands containing directory Commands that need to be used by any user in a specific directory may be located in a bin directory at that location If the user s PATH includes bin then the bin in the local directory will be searched for commands This allows commands which perform the same function but with different implementations which meet the needs of a user in that directory to exist by the same name in various directories where they are needed Instead of man pages a command named cmds could be put in each of the bin directories that would explain the commands available in that directory Commands can be located in the current directory The default PATH searches the current direc tory of executable files thus the user should not create executable files which are TNIX command names An executable file with the name test is a sure road to problems Using the current directory to contain commands is useful during their development After the number of commands grows the directory will become difficult to use due to the number of files in the listing Generally after a command is tested and documented it is
74. ring TE EEE EEE EEE March 1984 TEKTRONIX 23 MDP APPLICATIONS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS KSH PATCH FOR COPY USER S SCRIPT There is an error in the setuser command which occurs when selecting the option to copy a custom keyshell script from one user to another To correct the problem simply edit bin setuser and change the line that reads dust ecopymume keb userhome ksh To the following cp usr copyname ksh userhome Greg Saville Software Support Manager OOo ooo o o o Go ow oM FASTER LDE INVOCATION REVISITED An article in a previous issue of User Group News Vol II Iss 3 explained how to speed up Ide invocation by elim inating the help screen in the 4105 s graphics plane This note details how to make the help screen available from within the editor but only when you request it First make the changes referred to in the previous article Then edit the first line in the 4105 init file with Ide and remove the escape lt ctrl L gt sequence Create a command in usr bin called lde help which consists of the following line cat usr lib 1de 1de 4105 help This Ide 4105 help file contains the original 3rd line from the original init file Executing lde help from within Ide will paint the graphics help screen on the 4105 The removal of the ctrl sequence preserves the graphics plane during lde s terminal reinitialization Mark Malinoski Field Applications Engineer
75. roven track record for bringing increased productivity to computer based user interfaces The benefits of coding displayed information in color fall into three main groups First color allows quick discrimina tion between different types of displayed data Second color reduces the chances of error due to misinterpreta tion Third color reduces user fatigue KEY Colorkey uses a soft key format that simplifies command entry and keeps the number of required key strokes to an absolute mininum The user is presented with a set of current key labels across the bottom of the display that are associated with 8 soft keys on the keyboard PLUS A good user interface lets you start work on a design project with no advance knowledge of the microcomputer design system A better interface teaches you the specifics of the system while you interact with it The best interface allows you to freely intermix interface commands with actual system commands This way you benefit from the tutorial aspects of the user interface but can opt for the efficiency of system commands at any time you wish Colorkey gives you all these capabilities For instance if you are using the user interface keys for moving through the file system Colorkey will display the actual system commands that would perform those operations As you become more familiar with the file system command set you can bypass Colorkey at any time to interact directly with the system and then
76. s component is treated by UNIX as a list of individual bits each of which has an assigned purpose For example bit 3 the 8 position is used to signify echo So if bit 3 is set the computer echoes characters sent to it if bit 3 is not set then characters are not echoed The way a bit setting actually gets translated into a port action is not important here To make use of ioctl to control the RS 232 port all we need to know is how to read the current settings how to alter the current settings what the bit positions in sg flags mean A brief digression The difference in ioctl between TNIX and UNIX results in a reassignment of the bit positions in sg flags Some UNIX parameters exist in TNIX some don t and number of TNIX flags are unique Compa tibility between UNIX and TNIX programs is achieved by maintaining two parallel get set paths one for UNIX style parameters and one for TNIX parameters The extra ioct path and the extra and redefined flag bits are defined in the include file tiop h which is the TNIX equivalent of sgtty h That is you would normally only have one the other in any given program Internally TNIX uses the TNIX bit positions exclusively Ioctl takes care of translating from UNIX to TNIX settings when necessary 22 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS To read the current tty settings under TNIX UNIX you use TIOPGETP and to set them the command TI
77. sembler 42 ENcode UNcode Binary Filea p 8086 186 Third Party Software 37 File Backup iiie ep ate onda la 50 ee 42 HP Hewlett Packard Calculator Simulator 51 Binary Transfers Via CU 13 Intel Disk 51 COLORKBEY uitae oe Re HEURE 43 Motorola Disk Reader 52 Colorkey for 6 Motorola to Tek Source Converter 54 Copy License ore FREE SRI ARN e Seg ean Duk Resdet 52 Discount Ra adn ER Ner eee evo EE cent 5 Whitesmith to T lhes eno 50 Fast Programming Mod For 2764 27128 19 a ERES 14 File erecti een 14 High Level Programming 7 High level Language 1 HP 2645 ACE Config 5 ICOMAO So rce eet 8 Intel Compatible 8086 186 Assembler Linker Locator 37 Intel Compatible PLM 8085 Development System 38 adle 41 KSH patch eene 24 Soon INI 24 42 44 Linker eerte 12 44 Loganthms ee eene teni eren vei 24 Manuals a 8 MEN 7 MUGD ciu 4 MUGL Index 41 NN dace tenendi Lie d 39 N
78. son or organization relating to proprietary or confidential information Tektronix Inc is authorized to distri bute free of charge on customer supplied media or publish copies of this program to Tektronix MDP users Signature P DAGE 36 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE INTEL COMPATIBLE 8086 186 ASSEMBLER LINKER LOCATOR FOR THE 8540 REX SMA 186 is an integrated software development package hosted on VAX 11 under VMS for downloading to and symbolic debugging on Tektronix 8540 Integration Unit Available from Systems amp Software the package includes an assembler linker locator librarian and Tekhex converter all Intel compatible For more informa tion about REX SMA 196 contact Systems amp Software Dr Y P Chien Systems amp Software Inc 3303 Harbor Blvd C 11 Costa Mesa CA 92626 Phone 714 241 8650 This product can also be used with Caine Farber and Gordon s 8086 PLM compiler For more information about CFG s 8086 PLM compiler contact Kent Gordon Caine Farber and Gordon 750 East Green Street Pasadena California 91101 Phone 213 449 3070 Telex 295316 CFG UR Rodney Bell Software Product Manager March 1984 gt 37 THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS PLM 8085 DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM INTEL COMPATIBLE The PLM 8085 Development System is now availab
79. state when terminating and restoring status upon reinvocation Executable binary image and manual page only source code is not available This is an updated release from the original version offered in MUGL Volume II which corrects reported bugs Author Ed Morin MDP Design Engineering INTELG60 INTEL DISK READER Media Utility MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X C Abstract This utility allows reading single sided single density Intel ISIS format disks on the 8560 1 Featuring built in help prompting options are provided for listing directories copying binary or text files to the 856X hard disk and wildcard specs with optional query Note this program is a reader only it has no provision at this time for writing Intel disks Author Diane Wortsmann MDP Marketing March 1984 TEKTRONIX 51 USER GROUP LIBRARY Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS 52 MOTO60 MOTOROLA DISK READER Media Utility MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X C Abstract This utility allows reading single sided single density Motorola MDOS V2 0 format disks on the 8560 1 Featuring built in help prompting options are provided for listing directories copy ing binary or text files to the 856X hard disk and wildcard specs with optional query Note this program is a reader only it has no provision at this time for writing Motorola disks C source included Author Diane Wortsmann MDP Marketing RT60 DEC RT 11 DISK READER Media Utility MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X C Abstract
80. t breakpoint at halt sim51 bppe sim51 bppc Current bre bppe 0 bppe 1 2 now execu sim51 g Starting at 0000 78 0002 19 0004 4 0005 26 32 0 9 akpoint configuration addrl depen count 09 0 1 off off te addr 0000 50 MOV RO 50 05 MOV R1 05 CLR A ADD A GRO TEKTRONIX Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP NEWS March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS 0006 08 INC 0007 d9 fc DJNZ R1 0005 0005 26 ADD A ORO 0006 08 INC i R0 0007 d9 fe DJNZ R1 0005 0005 26 ADD ORO 0006 08 INC RO 0007 d9 fe DJNZ R1 0005 0005 26 ADD A 0006 08 INC RO 0007 d9 fe DJNZ R1 0005 0005 26 ADD A ORO 0005 08 INC RO 0007 dg DJNZ R1 0005 PROCESSOR STATUS acc pe sp dptr time reg bnk RO R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 of 0009 07 0000 46us 00 55 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff PO Pi P2 PSW TCON SCON IE IP B TMOD THO TLO TH TLI f f ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 eP0 ePi eP2 eP3 mPO mP1 mP2 mP3 SBUFi SBUFo ff ff if ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 Next instruction Lai 0009 020009 L 0009 pc value break point Note the instruction trace concludes with a full processor status dump Our calculation sum 1 2 3 4 5 f is in the acc register The time for the complete program is 46us as shown in the time field This assumes the default 6 MHz clock frequency but can easily be redefined by the user with the mosc master oscillator comman
81. t triggers time events or provide delays Microprocessor software support with PASCAL and C Tektronix offers the first high level microprocessor software design support that gives the programmer true high level coding support from source code entry through prototype debug It s called the LANguage Development Systems LANDS and it uses four basic tools to elevate the entire design process into high level language for the popular languages of Pascal and These tools bring an unprecedented level of automation to microprocessor software design support and include Language Directed Editor a Compiler with microprocessor enhancements Integration Control System and High Level Debug Language Directed Editor intercepts syntax errors Tektronix LANDS Language Directed Editor LDE actually understands the syntax of the high level language in use syntax errors are brought to your immediate attention during the editing session so they can be easily corrected using the screen editing capability eliminating many costly recompilations LANDS Compiler Targets on microprocessor design LANDS Pascal and C compilers are designed to give you full microprocessor coding support right down to the bit level required for microprocessor application programming You can assign variables to specific addresses directly access I O ports and change bit values within a data byte Interrupt service routines can be written and called entirely in high lev
82. table set table pointer mov rl tsize set pass counter clear accumulator loop add 0 add byte from table inc r0 point to next byte djnz rl loop decrement loop if not five passes yet halt jmp halt otherwise loop forever here section dataram tsize equ 5 define table size org 50h define table location in internal ram table block tsize reserve block of length tsize list dbg include symbols for end start assemble it asm demo obj demo lst demo asm asm All rights reserved amp t Pass 2 19 Lines Read 8051 X02 10 12 Copyright C 1983 Tektronix Inc 19 Lines Processed 0 Errors March 1984 Licensed Material Property of Tektronix TEKTRONIX 31 MDP APPLICATIONS convert tek object to intel hex ehex i demo obj gt demo hex run Ist Istr demo cat demo 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000009 0x00000005 0x00000000 0x6 000050 0x00000005 now inv sim51 sim51 load our sim51 read File access File access initializ r to get symbol table 0bj gt demo sym sym S YDEMOOBS S CODEROM S DATARAM HALT LOOP START TABLE TSIZE oke simulator and run program program demo asm in progress complete e our data table sim51 imem 4f 50 ff 01 51 ff 02 52 ff 03 53 ff 04 54 ff 05 55 ff simd1 set trace sim51 trac trace inst to instructions only e inst se
83. ted number of global symbols The virtual symbol table linker Version 3 will be distributed with the next version of TNIX which is scheduled for availability in April To accommodate users who have reached the limit of the current linker preliminary copies of the linker are available through the sales offices To use the virtual symbol table capacity of the linker include a b on the invocation line Similar to the b on version 2 ofthe assembler the vst link is considerably slower so should be used only when Memory Overflow occurs The virtual symbol table version of the linker is available only on the 8560 61 Series It will not be available on the 8550 and there is no need for a new version on the VAX as the current version takes advantage of the virtual memory Marilyn Hanson MDP Product Marketing ey 12 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS SECTION BINARY TRANSFERS VIA CU There are times when it may be desirable to transfer binary files between systems The unicom utility cu pro vides convenient mechanism for transferring ascii text files between machines but is not designed to work with raw binary files The two following programs provide a quick and dirty method of making these kinds of transfers The program en c can be used to encode a binary image into an ascii representation suitable for transfer with cu s put or take command Once transferred the complim
84. tegration Unit EEPROM Patch Information MUSDU Service Manual Disk Expansion Unit Service Manual MUSDU GPIB Interface Service Manual 8 Flexible Disc Drive Service Manual Service Manual Service Manual Programmer Controller Service Manual PROM Programmer Module Service Manual PROM Programmer Module Service Manual PROM Programmer Module Service Manual PROM Programmer Module Service Manual PROM Programmer Service Manual Program Memory Service Manual Modular MDL Series 8086 to 8086 8087 Modular MDL Series 8088 8088 8087 MDL Series 68000 Emulator Processor 8 to 10 MHz Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Field Modification Sheet Emulator Processor Service Manual Prototype Control Probe Service Manual Prototype Control Probe Service Manual Prototype Control Probe Service Supplement Emulator Processor Service Manual MDL Series 68008 Prototype Control Probe MDL Series 68000 A and 68010 Prototype Control Emulator Processor Service Manl Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual Emulator Processor Service Manual 8500 SERIES INSTALLATION MANUALS 8540 8550 8560 8560 8560 8561 8503 March 1984 Integration Unit Installation Guide Microcomputer Develo
85. the storage is tied up as long as the scope of the declared items is active In the case of the outermost scope this is the entire compilation unit Therefore this capacity can be measured by counting the number of items at the outermost level leaving the inner scopes empty An example of this is the number of sub routines procedures declared In processing capacity the storage is used briefly and returned to the stack or heap This capacity must be meas ured with a specified level of declarative capacity One example of this is the parenthesis nesting in an arithmetic expression Following is a list of the various items with their storage requirements listed in bytes lidents 14 length of identifier less actual text leonst 8 length of constant name 20 length of type lvars 12 length of var lIfields 20 length of record field lsubs 34 length of subroutine function lparms 16 length of subroutine parameter The following figures list the maximum number of declarative measures that may be expected to compile success fully and assumes that the identifiers are exactly 8 characters long and that every declared item has an identifier i e The use of var a array 1 10 of real requires less storage since there are no identifiers for the subrange and array types These are the maximum measures each assumes that none of the others are used For example 800 constant names will be accepted only if no types v
86. ti disk backups are provided and the user is prompted to insert new disks when needed The program will create a series of fbr command created disks thus files may be easily recovered Author John Owens Tektronix Inc CPM60 CP M DISK READER Media Utility MUGL TNIX Vol III 856X C Abstract This utility allows reading standard single sided single density CP M format disks on the 8560 1 Featuring built in help prompting options are provided for listing CP M directories copying binary or text CP M files to the 856X hard disk and wildcard specs with optional query In addition this updated version now handles extents properly thus allowing transfer of CP M files greater than 16K bytes Note this program is reader only it has no provision at this time for writing to CP M disks Author Diane Wortsmann MDP Marketing Adapted by Howard Christeller DC Field Office TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 USER GROUP LIBRARY EN UN ENCODE UNCODE BINARY FILE FOR CU TRANSFER Communications Utility MUGL TNIX Vol HI 856X UNICOM C Abstract These complimentary programs allow transferring binary files with the UNICOM CU program EN encodes a raw binary image into an ascii representation suitable take ing or 77 with cu Once transferred UN uncodes the ascii representation back to its origi nal binary form C source included Author Greg Saville MDP Marketing HP
87. tissa Number Number Mantissa 4 1 2 Byte Byte 0 80 83 1 86 2 80 3 92 f 95 4 98 9C 9F A2 6 7 AD 8 5 9 BD C5 CA B CE Ds C D7 DC D El Fo F F5 FB Find the Mantissa in the log table Number Log base 2 fedcba98768543210 76543210 1011100111000000 1100 B9C0 C8 The table location mantissa 8 would be correct for this example Thus the log base two of 1738 hex is C8 hex The choice of two four bit fields was arbitrary and can be changed to suit the needs of the application For exam ple if better accuracy is needed the following table of 256 values can be used to obtain the mantissa portion of the base two log of a number If a 16 bit log value is used then the lower eight bits of the number are obtained from the 256 value look up table below and the upper eight bits again represent the magnitude of the number to convert The partitioning of the word value between characteristic and mantissa can be selected to meet the needs of the application 26 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP APPLICATIONS Base two Antilogsrithm table for values 00 to FF 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A OC 0E oF 00 8000 8058 80b1 810b 8164 8ibe 8218 8272 82cd 8328 8383 834 843a 8495 84f1 854 10 85aa 8607 8664 86 1 871f 8774 87db 8839 8898 88f6 8955 89b5 8al4 82374 8 44 8b 5 20 8b95 8c57 8cb9 8dla 8d7c 8ddf 8e41 Sea
88. use Colorkey when you need to Colorkey also lets you go back and edit previous command sequences made during the current work session Suppose you have entered a sequence of commands and wish to use the same sequence again but with different parameters All you have to do is scroll through the command history and edit in the new parameters You can then execute the original command sequence with the new parameters Terminal Requirements Colorkey has been optimized for use with the Tektronix 4105 Color Graphics Terminal However it can also be used with the Digital VT100 series terminals the Tektronix CT8500 and many other ANSI standard terminals Diane Wortsmann MDP Product Marketing 6 TEKTRONIX March 1984 USER GROUP NEWS Issue 4 Vol 2 MDP PRODUCT INFORMATION 8 BIT HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE Tektronix now offers a high level language for 8080 8085 and Z80 NSC800 on the 856X Development System Modular Development Language for Micros MDL u designed specifically for microprocessor based product development is now available on the 856X It is a given fact that programming in high level language is faster than writing code in assembly language But quite often memory or execution time constraints do not allow the luxury of using a high level language How ever testing your algorithm with program written in HLL can save you considerable dev
89. y repeated set and fill of all three memories are available There are 3 types of breakpoints PC breaks internal memory breaks and stackpointer breaks There are 3 PC break points available which can optionally be set with an iteration count and or set to arm another PC breakpoint There are three memory breakpoints which can be set to halt simulation when an internal memory location changes value The stackpointer breakpoint can be set to trigger whenever the stackpointer crosses the set boun dary This is useful for detecting and monitoring stack overflow Trace output can be directed to a file as well as the CRT This permits detailed analysis away from the CRT Simulated real time is shown as part of the status display Instruction sequences can be accurately timed even when breakpoints interrupt the program The master oscillator frequency is programmable by the user Command summary e imem examine alter internal memory e cmem examine alter code memory e xmem examine alter external memory e g start restart simulation e bpmem memory breakpoint control e stat display microprocessor register contents e sel select desired register set e mc initialize timer e quit exit simulator e ss enable disable single step e bppc PC breakpoint manipulation e bpstk SP breakpoint manipulation e read load Intel hex application program trace enable disable short long trace option e mosc set master oscillator to desi

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