Instruction Manual for S-Stage Bore Up Kit (115cc)
Contents
1. Tighten the lock bolt fully when the cam chain is Engine Mounting XR100R X Mount the engine on the frame following the instructions of the owner s service manual Place a jack or a proper stand under the engine to supportthe engine Then mountthe engine from the left side of the vehicle Insert a bolt into the lower part of the rear engine mount from the left side Attach a collar and a clutch cable guide and insert a bolt into the upper part of the rear engine mount AN a Attach a front engine hanger and insert four bolts from the left side and temporarily tighten four nuts Fix the drive sprocket with the drive chain to the counter shaft If it is hard to fix the drive sprocket fix it while shaking the engine lightly Dec 19 08 Spark Plug Installation Side Cover Installation Stretching the drive chain moderately loosely fully tighten the two nuts on the rear engine mount and the four nuts on the front engine hanger plate Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm 12mm socket Extension bar small Extension bar mid size and Ratchet handle Torque for rear engine mount nuts 44 NJ m 4 5 kgf m for front engine hangar plate nut 26 NU m 2 7 kgf m Fit the fixing plate into the counter shaft to al2. N Instruction Manual for S Stage Bore Up Kit 115cc Item No 00 00 000 Applicable Models amp Frame Nos Ape100 HC0O7 1000001 HC13 1000001 XR100R HEOS 1200001 Thank you for purchasing one of our TAKEGAWA s products Please strictly follow the following instructions in installing and using the products Before fitting the products please be sure to check the contents of the kit Should you have any questions about the products please kindly contact your dealer Please note that in some cases the illustrations and photos may vary from the actual hardware Caution about fuel to usel This product is so designed to achieve a higher compression ratio than stock engines As for the fuel high octane gasoline should always be used In case regular gasoline is used abnormal combusiton takes place and the engine cannot achieve its original performance Moreover it is highly likely that the piston will break down leading to serious failure of the vehicle Before installing make sure that no regular gasoline remains in the fuel tank In case regular gasoline is remaining in the fuel tank do replace it with high octane gasoline Caution about spark plug Be sure to replace a spark plug with high thermal value of CR8HSA NGK or U24FSR U DENSO Subsequently choose and use a right spark plug with the right level depending on the degree of burning of the spark plug electrode section Please read t
3. 5 Dec 19 08 S Stage Kit Installation Fix the second ring turning up the side with an engraved letter N Piston Installation Fix one of kit s piston pin circlips to a pin hole x Place a circlip so its end gap does not meet with the notch on the pin hole X You can rather easily install it by pressing it into the piston with a screwdriver but taking care not to damage the piston with a screwdriver X Do the job carefully as in some cases the circlip comes off flying while you press it inside Tools Fine shaft flat tip screwdriver or needle nose plier a Fix piston rings according to the figure below Piston ring colors Top ring Gold 2nd ring Black Fix the oil ring expander Fix the top ring turning up the side with an engraved letter N Apply engine oil to the piston pin and place the piston in a position so the EX mark on the upper side of the piston faces the front or exhaust side Fix the other piston pin circlip included in the kit to the pin hole X Place the circlip in a position so the end gaps of a piston pin circlip do not meet with the notch on the hole X It is relatively easier to press it by a driver with care not to give scratches to the piston X Do the job carefully as in some cases the piston pin circlip may come off flying while you press it inside Tools Fine shaft flat tip screwdriver or needle nose plier
4. Degrease the mating surfaces of the crankcase and the cylinder with thinner or the like Cylinder Installation Insert the cam chain tensionner into kit s cylinder and hang the hook of the spring on the cylinder Attach two dowel pins and a cylinder gasket to the crankcase Apply engine oil to the inside of the cylinder and spread it with fingers to be equally applied all over Place the cam chain tensioner in a position so the end of the rod will be nearly on the same level as the clamp face Fix it with an adjust bolt and tighten the lock nut Tools Flat tip screwdriver small Offset box wrench 10 12mm Apply engine oil to whole surface of the piston and the piston rings Dec 19 08 Insertthe piston into the cylinder gradually by hand with care notto shift the piston ring s end gaps out of the position When the piston is completely inthe cylinder pass the cam chain through the cylinder and install the cylinder to the crankcase Insert the cylinder fitting the end of acam chain guide into grooves in the crankcase and the protrusion into grooves in the cylinder Protrusion Cam chain guide Cylinder Head Installation Degrease the mating surfaces of the cylinder and the cylinder head with thinner or the like Attach two dowel pins and a cylinder head gasket to the cylinder Dowel pi
5. Rotate the flywheel a little by hand Depending on how tensely or loosely the camchain is stretched to the camsprocket turn the flywheel in either direction to get the proper tension of the camchain watching the O mark on the adjuster Tool Flat tip screwdriver small Adjuster Loosen Adjust the position of the adjust screw so that there is a little resistance to pulling the gauge Standard position out Then tighten the nut J Tools Thickness gauge Tighten Offset box wrench 8 9mm Setplate XR100 Needle nose plier and Ape Flat tip screwdriver small Lock bolt Torque 10 N m 1 0 kgf m o found stretched properly and you can move the flywheel without difficulty and fix the adjuster Tools 10mm socket and Torque wrench Torque 10 N m 1 0 kgf m After tightening the nut double check the valve clearance with the 0 05mm thickness gauge Pour fresh engine oil to a oil pool on the cylinder head to the brim Incase you can not get the proper tension of the camchain only by adjusting the adjuster then adjust the tension with the adjust bolt on the cylinder Fix the adjuster where it has the best tension Then loosen a lock nut on the cylinder and loosen the adjust bolt a little bit Install the cylinder head cover andits gasket to the cylinder head by tightening two cylinder head cover bolts Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Torque 12 N m 1 2 kgf m
6. Unscrew two bolts on the drive sprocket and remove a fixing plate and the drive sprocket Tools 10mm socket Extension bar small and Ratchet handle Left Step Removal lt Remove the side stand switch cord from the frame Unscrew two bolts and remove the left step Tool Offset box wrench 14 17mm a x Ei Engine Removal Place a jack or substitute stand under the engine to hold up the engine z E y P i i i a 6 TA i r es Detach four nuts on a front engine hanger take four bolts out and remove the front engine hanger Tools 10 12mm closed wrench 12mm socket and Ratchet handle Remove a nut on the upper rear engine mount Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm 12mm socket Extension bar medium Ratchet handle Remove a bottom side nut also Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm 12mm socket Extension bar small Ratchet handle First pull out the upper side bolt and then remove a collar Ape and the clutch cable guide Removal of Cylinder Head Cylinder and Piston Cylinder Head Removal Unscrew two bolts on the cylinder head cover and remove the cylinder head cover and its gasket Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Fix a flywheel and loosen two hex bolts ona cam sprocket Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm 17mm socket and Ratchet handle Unfasten a lock bolt anda set plate and remove an adjuster Tools Off
7. Kit Contents No Pars Narre OW Repair parts tem No in packs of Ct Piston Simm E E Cte 2_ Gvinder COMP Sm 1 ia0oKnaTOC o Cs Piston ting set Samm 1 ooreo e 4 Piston pin damm i ome 5 Piston pin crip ammn 2 fooro o 6 Cem shaft eos 1 foroo 7 Cinder head gasket T 8 Ovinder ge T 3 exhaust pipe gask T on 13022 10 inlet pipe gase T ii Seang veser a E C Jor pug bok SCC oeo o a Please order repair parts by indicating the Repair Part Item No as listed above As you see from the list there are some parts for which we are not in a position to accept your order in the quantity of one In this case please order the required parts as a set part unit Required Tools for Installation Extension medium De coon W aT aof a g g on pmi 18 oOo mp a eme U UO C 1 2 openend wrench 12mm 3 openend wrench 12 1am a JOper end wrench 117mm 3 Ofset box wench _ amp omm 8 Orset box wrench 102mm 7 Oet box wrench 11mm 8 Offset box wrench 14 17mm ae Ratchet handle Deep socket 8mm Socket 10mm 12 Socket 12mm Socket 17mm Spark plug socket 16mm Extension small L7 Eross Sp screwdriver eral 18 Fat tp screwdriver ema L1 Fineshatt fat tp screwdriver 2 Nesdle nose pie ai Pasic tamme 22 Thickness gage 23 Cutter or scraper D psen Loa Engine oil Meainsinance Sand S ear fe Installatio
8. do not use these parts any longer and replace them with new ones The continued use of these damaged parts as they are could lead to an accident Please be informed that mainly because of improvement in performance design changes and cost increase the product specifications and prices are subject to change without prior notice a manual should be retained for future reference yy f rpout Screws D Usually counterclockwise rotation loosens the bolts and nuts and clockwise rotation tightens them When tightening a screw at first tighten it by hand at tight as you can To loosen a screw means turning a tightened screw around three or four times counterclockwise and to unscrew it means turning it around counterclockwise until it comes off To tighten a screw means to keep a screw from getting loose The numeric valve as a guide at which a screw will not break or get loose when tightened is the so called tightening torque If you do not have a torque wrench please try to tighten a screw as tight as possible to the level where the screw will not break or get loose though we can not take any responsibility for the screw breakage or getting loose In case you do not use a torque wrench you need to judge only by intuition or using experience the degree of tightening power at which the screw will break or get loose Improper use of tools will result in breakage of the top of a bolt or screw
9. please work with your hands protected Otherwise you will suffer injuries Before riding always check every section for slack in parts like screws If you find slack ones screw them securely up to the specified torque Or improper torque may cause parts to come off Check carefully gaskets and packings and in case wear or damage is detected always replace them with new ones The following show the envisioned possibility of human death or serious injuries to human bodies as a result of disregarding the WARNINGS following cautions Please always try to ride a motorcycle at legal speed on the public road abiding by the law Always drive the engine in a well ventilated place and do not switch the engine on in an airtight place Otherwise you will suffer from carbon monoxide poisoning When you notice something abnormal with your motorcycle while riding down a road stop riding immediately and park your motorcyle in a safe place Otherwise the abnormaility could lead to an accident Before doing work place the motorcycle on level ground to stablize the position of your motorcycle for safety s sake Otherwise your motorcycle could fall down and injure you while you are working Check or perform maintenance of parts correctly according to the procedures in the instruction manual or a service manual Improper checking or maintence could lead to an accident Hif you find damaged parts when checking and performing maintenance
10. crewdriver or needle nose plier Piston Piston pin circlip Push out the piston pin with a driver or the like in the direction where one of the two circlips has just been removed Now you can take out the piston Mating Surface Cleaning Completely get rid of the gasket scraps on the mating surface with a cutter or a scraper Be careful not to give scratches to the surface Crankcase Modification X In fixing the cylinder onto the crankcase there are some cases where a cylinder sleeve and a crankcase sleevehole may interfere with eachother due to right and left crankcases being out of alignment and for other reasons Since the use of such a crankcase with two parts interfering each other will lead to sleeve deformation and engine troubles do not fail to check the crankcase for the interference Cylinder sleeve Interference part Plug the hole in the crankcase with a waste cloth not to let cutting chips get into the case Scrape the convex parts on both right and left crankcases till the mating surfaces become level After scraping remove the cloth with enough care not to let any chip get into the case Left side crankcase Right side crankcase After scraping Stuff up the sleeve hole with some clean cloths After installation of the kit idle away the engine for a few minutes and replace the engine oil with the new one without delay
11. e the cam sprocket to mark it easy to install hex bolts Align cam shaft s bolt holes with the cam sprocket Then attach two hex bolts to the holes by hand temporarily At this point attach and tighten a dowel bolt black to the intake side lt gt Ml Backo MI Fix the flywheel and fully tighten the hex bolts on the cam sprocket Tools 10mm socket torque wrench and Offset box wrench 14 17mm Torque 12 N m 1 2 kgf m Cam Chain Adjustment Fix the adjust bolt with a flat tip screwdriver and tighten the lock nut X Acamchain whether tightly or loosely streteched will impair the engine conditions Perform this procedure correctly Tools Flat tip screwdriver small Rotate the flywheel till both cam tops of the cam 12mm socket and shaft point up Torque wrench Cam tops should point this way Specified torque 12 N m 1 2 kgf m Again move the adjuster and hold it where the camchain has no slackness and you do not feel it hard to rotate the flywheel Then tighten the lock bolt to fix the adjuster Valve Clearance Adjustment Rotate the flywheel counterclockwise and stop rotating itwhere the O mark onthe cam sprocket is onthe top and the T mark on the flywheel is aligned with the V mark on the crankcase Insert a 0 05mm thickness gauge between the adjust screw and the end face of the valve or valve clearance Tool Thickness gauge
12. guide Then tighten the nut Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm Offset box wrench 12 14mm Fully tighten them Torque for two nuts 12 N m 1 2 kgf m for mounting bolts 20 N m 2 0 kgf m Carburetor Installation Ape This kit will not display its potential high performance when used with a stock carburetor Please purchase separately a Carburetor Kit x For the installation please refer to the Instruction Manual of the Carburetor Kit XR100R X Install the carburetor with reference to the owner s service manual Connect the picainertidse In the case of the Ape In the case of using a stock air cleaner box Fix the left side cover by fitting three bosses on this cover into the frame Bosses Left side cover Fit two bosses on the right side cover into the frame and fix the bolt Right side cover Wir y ie Bosses Bolt Installation of Seat and Tank for Ape Install the fuel tank to the frame with the bolt Tool Offset box wrench 10 12 mm Torque 26N m 2 7 m Fueltank oe z Collar Nea TD Fitthe hook in the front on the back side of the seat into the frame and fix it by tightening two bolts Tool Offset box wrench 10 12 mm Torque 26N m 2 7 kgf m Hook Seat Bolts Fuel Hose Connec
13. he following instructions before installation The following show the envisioned possibility of injuries to human bodies and physical loss or damage as a result of disregarding the following cautions We shall be held free from any kind of warranty whatsoever of products other than this product if the glitch takes place on the other products than this one after the installation and use of this product If you make alterations to the products we shall be held free from any guarantee of them You are kindly requested not to contact us about the combination of our products with other manufacturers This kit is designed for exclusive use in the above mentioned types of motorcycles and frame numbers only Please take note that this product cannot be mounted on other types of motorcycles Installation of this kit requires engine removal and mounting We strongly recommend you to work strictly following HONDA genuine parts service manual for your vehicle For installation please prepare tools as specified on page 2 and work with reference to the installation procedures with enough care Besides this instruction manual as well as HONDA s genuine parts service manual is prepared for persons who have acquired basic skills and knowledge in tuning We recommend those who are technically inexperienced or without enough tools to ask a technically reliable specialist shop for the installation work These products alone do not give
14. ign with the threaded holes on the drive sprocket and fix two bolts Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Torque 10 N m 1 0 kgf m Installation of Left Side Crankcase Degrease the clamp faces of the left side crankcase cover and the crankcase with thinner or the like Attach a spacer and install the left crankcase cover and a new gasket to the crankcase by tightening five bolts Tools 8mm deep socket Ratchet handle Torque 12 NE m 1 2 kgf m Installation of Left Side Step for Ape Install the left side step to the frame with two bolts Tool Offset box wrench 14 17mm Torque 26 N m 2 7 kgf m At first screw the spark plug by hand Fix the side stand switch cord on the clamp of the frame Then tighten it with a plug wrench P Tools Spark plug wrench 16mm and Ratchet handle Torque 14 N m 1 4 kgf m Wiring Connect the wiring Fix a plug cap w Ral Fix the cords with a wire band Exhaust Muffler Installation XR100R X Mount the engine on the frame following the instructions on the owner s service manual Temporarily tighten two nuts on the cylinder head side Tool Open end wrench 10 12mm Wire band for Ape Ape Temporarily tighten two mounting bolts and washers Tools Offset box wrench 10 12mm and Offset box wrench 14 17mm Attach the clutch cable to the lifter lever and install it to the clutch cable
15. n Procedures Shut off the fuel petcock Side Cover Removal Unscrew a bolt on the right side cover Thecovercanberemovedby detachingtwo bosses from the frame Bosses C gt lt 7 LOE SES TTZ a PS r Zz fh eA y D7 Stabilize the body firmly with a racing stand or the like in order to remove the side stand Work only when the engine and the muffler are cool X Take off all dirt like the dust and oil on each part as you detach it X Don t let the removed bolts and nuts go astray and keep them orderly so you can recall where to fixthem Shift the tube clip to disconnect the fuel tube go d Bolt Dismountthree bosses on the left side cover from the frame then the side cover becomes detached Bosses Left side cover Carburetor Removal lt Remove acarburetor s top cap and pull out the throttle valve from the carburetor Loosen a screw on the connecting tube band Tool Cross slot screwdriver small Seat and Tank Removal XR100R X Remove the engine from the frame following the instructions on the owner s service manual Unscrew two bolts and remove the seat by pulling it toward the back of the vehicle Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Seat Hook a Unscrew two bolts and remove a manifold and the carburetor from the cylinder head Tool Offset box wrench 8 9mm Unscrew a bolt and remove the fuel tank by pulling it
16. ns Cylinder head gasket Pass the cam chain through the cylinder head and install the cylinder head to the cylinder Install an adjuster passing it through the cam chain tensioner and the cylinder head Temporarily tighten the cylinder head mountiong bolts Installation of Cam Shaft and Cam Sprocket Check the camshaft holder and rocker arm for the interference with the camshaft The supplied camshaftis designed to have higher liftthan a stock camshaft Some of the camshaft holders and rocker arms may interfere with the camshaft because of the size difference of these parts So never fail to check them for the interference Fitthe provided camshaft into the camshaft holder to see whether the camshaft top cam shaft holder and rocker arm do not interfere with one another Incase of there is no interference continue the installation work and rocker arm by rasping the interfering portions Do the following work marked with Pull out the rocker arm shaft from the camshaft holder in order to remove the rocker arm Modify the rocker arm by rasping its interfering portions Tools to use For modifying the camshaft holder Bar rasp Hand grinder or electric hand grinder For modifying the rocker arm Hand grinder or electric hand grinder Diamond file A CAUTION Do not shave off more than needed CAUTION Work with great care not to give scratches to the cam shaft holder s jou
17. rnal and clamp faces for the rocker arm and the cylinder head WARNING Incase you use a hand grinder do the work protecting your eyes to eyes After shaving check for any burr and clean up the cam shaftholder Apply molybdenum solution tothe rockerarm shaft Install the rocker arm onto the camshaft holder x If there is interference modify the camshaft holder prevent chips from getting into your Fit the camshaft into the camshaft holder to see if there is no interference with a cam top and rocker Apply engine oil to the journals and cams of akit s cam shaft And install the cam shaft to the cylinder head with the cam s top faces downward Cam Journal Attach two dowel pins Dowel pins gt Install the cam shaft holder Install and diagonally tighten four nuts equally in afew steps Tools 12mm socket and torque wrench Torque 20N m 2 0 kgf m Dec 19 08 I Engine Mounting Q Fully tighten the cylinder head mounting bolts Tools 10mm socket extension bar small and torque wrench Torque 12 N m 1 2 kgf m Check that T mark on the flywheel is aligned with the V mark on the crankcase Ie E Alignment mark a ge Pe Install the cam chain in the position so the O mark on the cam sprocketis right at the top Fit the cam sprocket into the cam shaft Rotate the flywheel a little and then rotat
18. set box wrench 10 12mm Needle nose plier Set plate r d Ma N gt _ eee lt Remove two hex bolts from the cam sprocket Detach the cam sprocket from the cam shaft and then from the cam chain Demount a cylinder head mounting bolt Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Loosen four cam shaft holder nuts in several steps diagonally and remove four washers a cam shaft holder acam shaft and dowel pins Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Dec 19 08 Detach two dowel pins in advance and keep them for re use With a cutter or a scraper get rid of the gasket scraps remaining on the cylinder head plane on which to fit a manifold Cylinder Removal lt Remove the cam chain guide and pull out the cylinder If it is hard to pull it out hit the cylinder lightly with a plastic hammer Take off two dowel pins in advance and keep them for reuse Remove a lock nut and an adjust bolt from the cylinder Tools Offset wrench 10 12mm Flat tip screwdriver small Detach a spring and remove acam chain tensioner from the cylinder ao F Plug the cylinder hole on the crankcase anda cam chain hole with a waste cloth or clean rag not to let any dirt or part fall into the hose Piston Removal Remove one of the two piston pin circlips You can remove it by prising it open with a screwdriver with its tip on the notch Tool Fine shatt flat tip s
19. the engine life but also breaking the engine in the worst case Please drive your vehicle at proper setting Other notes Oil Cooler for APE only The installation of this Kit increases the heat release value of the engine set off by the increase in power Therefore we recommend that you equip your machine with an Oil Cooler Kit 09 07 121 Black core 09 07 221 Silver core 09 07 208 Solid for long hour high load driving Cam Chain We recommend you to install our TAKEGAWA s solid cam chain and die hard a 01 14 005 to cope with the increase in power and in heat release value of the engine Thermometer A stick type temperature sensor is installable on the cylinder side of this kit TAKEGAWA s meters listed below are available O Medium LCD tachometer amp thermometer 09 05 0141 up to 150 Digital thermometer 07 04 053 up to 99 SPECIAL PARTS WN4SeYWA Co Ltd 3 5 16 Nishikiorihigashi Tondabayashi Osaka Japan TEL 81 721 25 1357 FAX 81 721 24 5059 URL http www takegawa co jp Va 10 Dec 19 08
20. tion Connect the fuel tube with the fuel petcock and fix it with a tube clip Dec 19 08 N x Engine Starting o After checking that the ignition key and the fuel cock are turned OFF remove the spark plug o Kick the starter for a while to circulate the engine oil all aroud the engine o Reinstall the spark plug turn ON the fuel cock and ignition key and pull the choke lever to start the engine N CAUTION Be sure to tighten to the specified torque N WARNING Work in a well ventirated area o Check for any abnormarity such as abnormal noises o If no problem is detected do running in at leaset 100 to 150 km o After the initial running in check for abnormality such as abnormal noises or blow bye If there is a problem disassemble the engine again to check each part WARNING Do not re use wrist pin circlips N Caution o Even bolts and nuts tightened to the specified torque may get loose by repeated heat expantion through warm up at the time of engine assembly Retighten bolts and nuts periodically A CAUTION Be sure to tighten to the specified torque Cautions Before Running About fuel Always replace the gasoline with high octane gasoline when regular gasoline is remaining in the fuel tank Sprocket for APE only Adjust the sprockets depending on how you ride your vehicle However setting in too low gears will result in severe wears of parts not only adversely affecting
21. toward the back of the vehicle Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Fuel tank Bolt Collar Engine Removal Exhaust Muffler Removal Take off two nuts on the cylinder head side Tool Open end wrench 10 12mm Ape Unscrew and remove mounting bolts and washers and detach an exhaust muffler Tool Offset box wrench 10 12mm Spark Plug Removal Pull a plug cap to demount it Be sure to pull the cap not a wire Remove a spark plug Tools 16mm spark plug wrench Ratchet handle Wiring Disconnection Disconnect the wiring Disconnect the wiring of the breather hose in the case of Ape Loosen the nut on a clutch cable guide and disconnect a clutch cable from a lifter lever Tools Open end wrench 10 12mm Open end wrench 12 14mm Drive Sprocket Removal Unscrew five bolts on the left side crankcase cover and remove the left side crankcase cover Tools Deep socket 8mm Ratchet handle If the gasket material remains on the mating surfaces get rid of it with a cutter or a scraper Remove a spacer in advance Spacer O a a _ 3 Dec 19 08 Se Take out the bolt on the lowr side and detach the engine from the left side of the frame Be careful not to give scratches to the frame
22. you the maxim performance when installed on the Ape Please separately purchase a Carburetor Kit Apei00 If the carburetor on this type of motorcycle with a frame No of HCO7 1600001 or HC13 1000001 is changed the feed pipe stay for the exhaust muffler will interfere with the carburetor Therefore you are required to change the muffler to a full exhaust muffler We recommend you to install our TAKEGAWA muffler to make your APE more powerful Some of bolts nuts dowel pins and packing will be reused However be sure to replace worn down or severely damaged ones with new ones Never use liquid packing It may plug the oil passage and in the worst case break the engine Installation of this product requires left side crank case cover gaskets HONDA s item No 11394 KN4 750 which please purchase N CAUTION The following show the envisioned possibility of injuries to human bodies and property loss as a result of disregarding the following cautions Work only when the engine and the muffler are cool Otherwise you will burn yourself Prepare right tools for the work and do the work in the proper and right way Otherwise improper work could cause breakage of parts or injuries to yourself Always use a torque wrench to screw bolts and nuts tight and securely to the specified torque Improper torque could cause these parts to get damaged or fall off LAs some products and frames have sharp pointed or protruding portions
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