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1. 76 Aegis Research Canada 76 AES A een J5 26 Alfa Electronics 74 28 All Electronics 81 137 Allison Technology 85 Allstar Electronics 96 AMC Sales eee soie 101 American Innovations 98 Andromeda Research 15 POOR ene cede 96 Base 2 Computer 75 Basic Electrical Supply 78 Bel Merit eene 99 32 C amp S Sales Inc 94 Cable Discount 97 Circuit Specialists 86 Cleveland Institute of Electronics 19 Command Productions 80 Comtrad Industries 9 13 21 Consumertronics 79 1507 Dallani ccc eee W 173 Digi Key Corp 5 EDE Spy Outlet 96 148 Electronic Rainbow 83 Electronic Technology Today 71 EMAC un NIS 82 Foley Belsaw e 9 Forest Electronics 80 Fotronic Corporation 90 General Device Instruments J3 Grantham College of Engineering 4 Greenleaf Electronics Inc 76 Home Automation Systems 97
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3. 15 37 TE TEODICS odes 80 143 Relulgx o hoo o ctr T 78 Transtronics sss 88 136 UCANDO Videos 90 US Cyberlab asas 84 Vision Electronics 88 Visual Communications 101 Weeder Technologies 84 Weka Publishing 93 172 Windjammer Barefoot Cruises 70 WPT Publications 88 134 X Xandi Electronics 89 ADVERTISING SALES OFFICES Gernsback Publications Inc 500 Bi County Blvd Farmingdale NY 11735 3931 1 516 293 3000 Fax 1 516 293 3115 Larry Steckler EHF CET President ext 201 e mail advertising gernsback Christina Estrada Assistant to the President ext 209 For Advertising ONLY 1 516 293 3000 Fax 1 516 293 3115 Larry Steckler publisher Arline Fishman advertising director ext 206 Michele Torrillo advertising assistant ext 211 Adria Coren credit manager ext 208 Subscription Customer Service Order Entry 1 800 827 0383 7 30 AM 8 30 PM EST ADVERTISING SALES OFFICES EAST SOUTHEAST Stanley Levitan Eastern Sales 1 Overlook Ave Great Neck NY 11021 3750 1 516 487 9357 1 516 293 3000 Fax 1 516 487 8402 slevitan26 aol com MIDWEST Texas Arkansas Oklahoma Colorado Arizona Ralph Bergen Midwest Sales One Northfield Plaza Suite 300
4. Radiotelephone Radiotelegraph PROTOTYPES Or large runs PCBs wave soldering cabinets and other metal parts silk screen printing plastic injection xformer coil winding etc Assembly wiring Very low prices Twin plant in Mexico We C Commercial License F y Why Take Chances http hwww xtronics com kits htm ElGfonic KitS As Seen on our WEB site Solderless Kits Other Kits Discover how easy it is to 1 Crystal radio 5 75 FM Microphone 6 95 Ship to your door V amp V PH 713 537 7518 Fax i pass the exams Study with the i 01 t 525 361 5996 713 Metal Detector 8 50 Ultrasonic Translator Hear i MW IC Radio 9 50 ultrasonic sound 18 50 most current materials available Our Bend Wire Game 7 95 Glitter Globe Buckminster Fuller Homestudy Guides Audio Video Audio Amplifier 8 50 sphere 64 LEDs EN12 92 45 00 i Home Alarm 12 00 Deluxe IC Radio 11 95 ad negeave Re cotege errer torr Mca RR Test Equipment Kits Train Sound Module 3 80 experience needed The new i START A CAREER Function Gen w FM 28 00 Sound operated control 3 90 Function Generator 14 95 Light Receiver module 3 90 origen FCC ripe been 1 UN ELECTRONICS Pulse Generator 28 00 IR Receiver module 3 90 revised covering up ate viation Accredited home study RF Siq Generator 28 00 IR Transmitter 3 90 Marine Radar Microwave New i xL A i 3209 W 9th Street SUN 3 x La
5. i A r 4 if n 1 q A pr Ey pec g g obri cU DM UL i d s E um 3 3 088 total pages 4 490 total illustrations r hundreds of project ideas and concise pinout Il find more than 700 electronic and integrated ht at your fingertips to give you ideas you can use on the job or ers Book Club A Division of The McGraw Hill Companies P O Box 549 Blacklick OH 43004 9918 2 SS Se ee ee Execrronics ENGINEERS BOOK CLUB mE A Division of The McGraw Hill Companies P O Box 549 Blacklick OH 43004 9918 OYES Please send me The Encyclopedia of Electronic Circuits Vols 1 4 5861488 billing me just 14 95 plus shipping handling amp tax Enroll me as a member of the Electronics Engineers Book Club according to the terms outlined in this ad If not satisfied may return the books without obligation and have my membership cancelled State Phone Valid for new members only subject to acceptance by EEBC Canada must remit in U S funds drawn on U S banks Applicants outside the U S and Canada will receive special ordering instruc tions A shipping handling charge amp sales tax will be added to all orders PPIF497 s2lu04129 3 1e ndog 7661 judy on o April 1997 Popular Electronics theoretical limit of 400 lines compared to 240 for the conventional 8mm for mat Resolution means sharpness and it s gauged by the number of image making lines the camcorder records in picket f
6. 69 50 f Levitate an cbject e Powers light and Great science fair project li B objects without contact ES Ballistic Velocities qd LGU6K 2 3mw Kit 119 50 i HNETO S Tmw ready to tou use 299 50 i 1 1 GRATK Power Supply Kit Plans 99 50 Jion Ray Gun 2 qum n Hd GRA10 Assbld KitPlans 149 50 Project Energy e Includes text book on Anti Graviy theo l Star Wars technol onstrates 4 mu vmm Handheld Battery Operated e Labelled as DANGEROUS Product Experiment now before it is classified asa f firearm EGUN1 Plans oa 20 005 Expenment with electrical and aer fields TCL5 Plans W 8 00 E KMPtes 12VoC em 49 50 GRAY PRRD6 omar inne 15 00 L El ue be 2i for urchase of hardware j ectronic iwceenisosseeenm Mame poena ok nere Talking Hynotizer Required We can design and build Plasma Globe 4 Spectacular color Pulsates to m sic sounds 8 9 with intensity and sound controls PLASMA1 Ready to Use 79 50 4000 Volts 10ma High Voltage Module Ready to use for many projects from hoverboards to Ab rc wa F MINMAX4 While they last high voltage systems fo your specs Call or fax us with your requirements Contro thelr minds Programmable audible and visual stimu
7. CAPACITANCE METER This kit will turn your digital voit meter into a capacitance meter Turn that junk box of unmarked capacitors into a fortune of usable parts Measure capacitors from DC SIZE 1 80 x 2 kir 12 95 Additional LB Add 1 00 Cabinet 8 95 xm 29 95 CIRCLE 148 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD one phone or add it to the line to pick up all incom ing calls The MMPT2 is undetectable if properly KIT BOOK 14 95 installed Unit has surface mounted parts you 9 95 with the purchase install the leaded parts Size 45 x 6 of any kit kir 29 95 MICRO MINIATURE XXIe a WIRELESS MIKE INDUCTANCE METER lt 2 2pF to 2 2uF Power requirement 9v Please add sufficient postage First Ib 5 00 Canada 7 00 We will accept telephone orders for Visa or Mastercard Electronic Rainbow Ind Inc 6227 Coffman Rd Indianapolis IN 46268 ELECTRONIC CALL 317 291 7262 FAX 317 291 7269 RAINBOW INTERNET www rainbowkits com mE TEMPERATURE vam Ever lost frozen food because your freezer stopped The TC AE money An alarm activates when the temperature reaches a Critical point Tum ceiling fans on automatically when SIZE 2 x 1 4 Power requirement 6 to 15V DC If you want to switch more power see our Triac TP 1 or Relay RP 1 Power kit TC 2 kr 7 95 PHONE BM TRANSMITTER ea Small bul mighty it fits anywhere Phone line powered never needs
8. Electronics for two years would like to find out where might be able to get the tuning and band spread knobs for a Hallicrafter S53 receiver The tuning and band spread knobs are both identical am willing to pay for these items and wil also cover any shipping costs Thank you ALBERT C ANDERSON 5258 Cordelia Ave Baltimore MD 21215 5023 Several years ago got involved in electric flight radio controlled model aircraft The first plane built was involved in a don t bother to fix it type of crash Now the only salvageable items from the wreck were the plane s two servos although have been trying to fix the electronic speed control which is an integrated receiver speed control that cost me about 200 Crashes are not uncommon and can t afford to keep replacing the inte grated unit What I m looking for are plans for building a separate speed control could buy stand alone receivers for a relatively cheap 70 per crash I m also pretty sure that could build the simple speed controls for pennies each Does anyone out there have any ideas Any assistance from the readers of Popular Electronics would be greatly appreciated MIKE CRISWELL 2810 Florence Street Hopkinsville KY 42240 am trying to locate an operator s manual for an Eico VOM that have The only information have is its model number which is 565 Thanks in advance for any help that you or the readers of your f
9. LOWER YOUR A RIL 1997 ectronics Find out who s telling the truth or just learn to relax with this GSR monitor Recharging Y Electric Vehicle Batteries See how EVs are staying on the roads longer E Learn how to gt Service WES MM E A z Avoid high repair TN L fix your own camcorder p A Blow Aot a M Amai UM XR RERO MUT Moies Micm rS look from EO usm FF UM Morse code to computers _ NEW VERSION Electronics Workbench Version 5 with analog digital and FEATURES OF ELECTRONICS WORKBENCH VERSION 5 WHAT S NEW mixed A D SPICE simulation a full suite of analyses and over 4 000 devices Still the standard for power and ease of use Now ten times faster Still the same low price GENERAL COMPONENTS Join over 75 000 customers and find out why more engineers and hobbyists buy Electronics Workbench than any other SPICE simulator You ll be working productively in 20 minutes and creating better designs faster We guarantee it TRUE MIXED ANALOG DIGITAL FULLY INTERACTIVE SIMULATION YES ANALOG ENGINE YES SPICE 3F5 32 BIT DIGITAL ENGINE NATIVE 32 BIT GMIN STEPPING YES TEMPERATURE CONTROL EACH DEVICE PRO SCHEMATIC EDITOR YES HIERARCHICAL CIRCUITS YES VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTS YES ON SCREEN GRAPHS YES ANALOG COMPONENTS OVER 100 DIGITAL COMPONENTS OVER 200 DEVICE MODELS OVER 4 000 MONEY BACK GUARANTEE 30 D
10. T The solution Today Rocky Mountain Radar offers drivers like me a perfect solution the Phazer Combining a passive radar scrambler with an active laser scrambler the Phazer makes your automobile electronically invisible to police speed detecting equipment The radar component works by mixing an X K or Ka radar signal with an FM chirp and bouncing it back at the squad car by way of a E TL T DU TTL LU DL IL Reflected radar with an FM chirp BI Police radar E PMH 1 UATE Special infrared bean with noise Lal Police laser v waveguide antenna effectively confusing the computer inside the radar gun The laser com ponent transmits an infrared beam that has the same effect on laser Lidar units Perfectly legal Some radar devices have been outlawed because they transmit scrambling radar beams back to the waiting law enforcement vehicle The Phazer however reflects a por tion of the signal plus an added FM signal back to the police car This in effect gives the waiting radar unit an electronic lobotomy Best of all unless you are a resident of Minnesota Oklahoma or Wash ington D C using the Phazer is completely within your legal rights HOW TO MAKE YOUR CAR DISAPPEAR Radar and laser scramblers are de vices that foil speed traps by making vehi cles electronically invisible to police radar Radar scramblers mix a portion o
11. Call now for more information or to order 800 794 2141 eS E ee deem b 4 3 HE an cies uisa d n d a Mm qa Mental Automation Inc e 5415 136th Place SE Bellevue WA 98006 Phone 206 641 2141 Fax 206 649 0767 CIRCLE 174 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 910041293 Jejndog 7661 judy m April 1997 Popular Electronics HEATHKIT CAMCORDER SERVICING COURSE If you re interested in learning bow to service camcorders this servicing course is tbe way to go amcorders are everywhere these days Anybody can now buy what is essentially a hand held TV studio and instantly become an amateur movie pro ducer director Camcorders come in many fla vors With features such as autofo cus and automatic light compen sation camcorders make it easy to point and shoot anybody can do it and the results can be impressive Yes camcorders are very easy to use but the technology that makes them so easy to use also makes them quite fragile And when you have lots of people car rying around these fragile devices many of them are bound to fall from high places get soaked in a thunderstorm and otherwise suc cumb to an unexpected demise In other words lots of camcorders end up needing servicing of some kind whether it be to repair a smashed lens or just clean the heads after many hours of use All these camcorders in need of servicing are a veritable gold mine for anyone who can repair them The pr
12. I I l i CIRCLE 321 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD S21001129 3 1ejndog 6614 judy O w April 1997 Popular Electronics Mel amp CALL TOLL FREE Eii UREE 800 292 7711 orders only C amp S SALES A FREE 60 ile Se Habla Espa ol EXCELLENCE IN SERVICE ipe cd XK 550 Digital Analog Trainer TK 3000 Elenco s advanced designed Digital Analog Trainer is specially 95 89 designed for school projects It is built on a single PC board for maxi mum reliability It includes 5 built in power supplies a function gener ator with continuously sine triangular and square wave forms 1560 tle point breadboard area Tools Included SR 2 Deluxe Soldering Iron SH 1 Soldering Iron Stand ST 1 Diagonal Pliers ST 2 Long Nose Pliers ST 30 Deluxe Wire Stripper SE 1 Solder Ease Kit ND 3 3 pc Nut Driver Set TL 8 Precision Screw Drivers ST 5 Screw Driver Slotted 3 16 ST 6 Screw Driver 1 Phillips ET 10 IC Puller f i E SP 2 Solder Pump A professional technician service tool kit in a ST 20 Safety Goggles metal reinforced tool case with heavy duty ST9 Pocket Screw Driver handle and locks A removable pallet han eee Le dl t of the tools listed with sic EORR es most of the tools listed with more room for tools and parts in the lower half Model XP 581 4 Fully Regulated DC Power Supplles in One Unit 4 DC voltages 3 fixed 5V 3A 12V
13. Information Unlimited 42 13 Interactive Image Technologies CV2 Intronics Inc ccs 75 KDE Electronics 90 Wingate eee 85 Free Information Number Page ISI MCM Electronics 73 Mega Electronics 99 147 Mendelson s reet coe 88 174 Mental Automation 7 171 MicroCode Engineering 3 157 MicroCode Engineering CV4 Millennium Enterprises 101 Modern Electronics 99 Mondo tronics 100 National Control Devices 82 NRI Schools 53 Oldaker Mfg Corp 98 43 Optoelectronics 11 Orion Electronics 88 156 Parallax a e CV3 146 Parts Express 92 175 Pioneer Hill Software 16 47 Prairie Digital Inc 78 I4 JPrintst oso ss enne SS 97 16 Print osos Ut 85 Quality Electronics 82 School of Electronics 88 School of PC Repair 75 Silicon Valley Surplus 96 Smithy Company 98 Solutions Cubed 98 Tab Books
14. Professional Schematic Layout CircuitMaker s schematic capabilities are unmatched and include many advanced editing features not found in similar programs These powerful features minimize the time and task associated with drawing a schematic and insure a professional looking final product Printout and export options are numerous and results are of the highest quality But that s what people have come to expect from CircuitMaker Unlimited Indestructible Devices CircuitMaker ships with over 1500 devices That s more at no additional cost than any competing product If you need a device that is not included CircuitMaker provides industry standard SPICE import and a powerful macro capability These indestructible devices accurately emulate actual devices and enable the user to try all those what if scenarios with no risk and at no additional cost Accurate Simulation amp Advanced Analysis CircuitMaker features analog digital and mixed mode simulation Obviously simu lation is of no value if the results are not accurate CircuitMaker s simulation en gine is based on Berkeley SPICE3 which is renowned for it s accuracy That s why we can factually state that CircuitMaker provides it s user with the most accu rate simulation available Furthermore CircuitMaker provides a wealth of analysis capabilities not found in other products in it s class No other product offers this much simulation muscle at such a reasonable pr
15. R6 c e 9 3 35pF 02 R12 d 2N 3904 MODULATION V S 15pF C4 Ul Rm A 1 100K R9 C6 4700 680pF Q3 R8 2N3906 2 2K KEY Te 9V Fig 3 This low power tone modulated FM transmitter can be used with any FM broadcast receiv er for real wireless code practice PARTS LIST FOR THE WIRELESS TRANSMITTER Fig 3 RESISTORS All fixed resistors are watt 5 units R1 R3 4700 ohm R4 470 000 ohm R5 100 000 ohm R6 10 000 ohm R7 R8 2200 ohm R9 470 ohm R10 47 000 ohm R11 10 000 ohm potentiometer R12 250 000 ohm potentiometer CAPACITORS C1 C3 0 02 u F Mylar C4 C5 0 1 yuF ceramic disc C6 680 pF ceramic disc C7 15 pF ceramic disc C8 3 to 35 pF trimmer ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATERIALS Q1 Q2 2N3904 NPN general purpose transistor Q3 2N3906 PNP general purpose tran sistor L1 Coil made of 20 gauge enamel cov ered copper wire see text Power source CW key wire solder etc leave about inch free at each end Remove the insulation from the ends and slide the coil off the form The over all length of the finished coil should be about 1 4 inch The circuit may be built on perforat ed board with all interconnecting leads kept as short as possible Checking out the circuit is easy Set R11 and R12 to mid position and close the CW key Then set your FM receiver to a clear spot on the low end of the dial and slowly adjust C8 Once the t
16. 0156492 34 95 Hardcover 0376115 XX 36 95 Counts as 2 i i MECHANICAL EVICES Si ad 0535469 29 95 REFRIGERATOR REPAIR NDER 4 5869179 12 95 ta musutsHOOTING m CTRONIC 0650780 XX 24 95 Counts as 2 PE497 If coupon is missing write to Electronics Book Club A Division of The McGraw Hill Companies P O Box 549 Blacklick OH 43004 9918 S31u01129 3 1e ndod 7661 judy od April 1997 Popular Electronics ameter springs about an inch long They should slide easily onto the strain relief section and butt up against the ends of the grips without sliding up the grips Install a spring on PL25 strain relief and slide the strain relief and spring over one of the 4 40 1 inch screws Guide the wire out the side of the box through a small hole Apply pressure to PL2 to compress the spring until you can slip PL2 s center conductor through the Y a inch hole on the op posite end Allow PL2 to snap in place and then tighten the nut to secure the screw Assemble PL3 in the same manner routing its wire out of the same side hole as PL2 5 wire Arrange the wires in the box so that the plugs move freely on their springs Twist the pair of wires together and terminate them with phono plug PL1 using both of its lugs Try pressing the center conductor pins of PL2 and PL3 flush to the cab inet end simultaneously with one fin ger It should take very little pressu
17. E PPERALL Plane A E product 10 00 CYBEREAR 19 95 13 Mi Telephone Xmitter f Tune able 80 130 Mhz Undetectable 4 Only transmits when phone is used VWPM7K KlUPlans Force Field Vehicle M y Electrifier 4 29 50 4 and electrify objects Great payback for ij those wiseguys E om Easy lo Aseembig Kit TT 19 50 Anes ke oe 29 990000000 49 40 93000444 2d0 9e0OSO 009 ORI Q0 A OM CUM QE WEURPTO RO RORIS 3 Mi Voice Transmitter Uttra Sensitive Mike ES ea Lou E ae 1 Crystal Clear EJ Tunes 80 130 MHz AA Telephone Taping System FMVIK KiUPlans 39 50 1 Tapes Phone Conversation Extends 4 Tape X4 Check Local Laws before using 1 X Roady to Ue een tees 50 He Drop in Imi Telephone Transmitter Easily tunable over FM radio Never needs ely Gun Life is Precious PROTECT IT M i Stuns amp immobilizes attackers 199 50 15 feet away Check your state Mi laws for legality More knockdown amp power than most handguns No amp Aaaa pamah Aa l High Quality IR Night Vision Scope with JR illuminator 1 SD10 Ready to Use Tunable Output Uses FM Radio Excellent Signal Beacon _Lbattey_ DROPIN KitPlans 19 95 ena I
18. USE UP AND DOWN ARROW KEYS TO MOVE THE POINTER YOU CAN ALSO USE PAGE UP AND PAGE DOWN With the International Air CD ROM finding information on a particular aircraft couldn t be easier a further touch of MHz spice the air craft you ll monitor might have originat ed at some exotic foreign locale No matter English is the language for all aeronautical communications A common complaint from scan ner owners however has been that although aircraft make for great VHF scanning not knowing their types own ers and other stats keeps them too anonymous You can t look them up like the police or fire stations a scanner can receive That was true but not any longer Thanks to the nternational Air CD ROM you can now search out the infor mation on virtually every individual aircraft well except for military regis tered in 84 nations of the world The data covers 23 categories such as air liners private aircraft agriculture train ing weather balloons gliders re search utility racing acrobatic and more tration number constitutes its official radio call letters or identification You can learn the year an aircraft was built its number of engines city of registry number of passengers maximum take off weight average cruising details engine horsepower and fuel consump tion rate There are also pilot records as well as telephone and fax numbers for pilots and aircraft owners in the U S and Canada
19. found that the response was much sharper and that was able to make a signifi cant improvement in the sensitivity of the IF channel With the IF channel nicely tweaked and the set operating normally then went ahead and realigned the tuned cir cuits in the Star Roamer s front end The realignment which was done exactly per the specifications in the con struction manual involved adjusting the slug tuned coils in the RF and oscillator circuits of each band for maximum response at certain test frequencies Trimmer capacitors on the oscillator and RF sections of the main tuning capacitor also required adjustment In general the RF circuits tune the set to receive the radio signal of inter est The oscillator circuits determine E EE 2 Dall F Seyi ae The ae coils ie L10 for all five bands are mounted under the chassis and adjusted through holes in the chassis apron where the signal will appear on the dial and must be adjusted accurately to obtain accurate calibration TRYING OUT THE ROAMER The Star Roamer covers 200 to 400 kHz and 550 kHz to 30 MHz in five bands Listening at about 7 00 in the evening CST using the built in loop stick for broadcast band reception and a few feet of antenna wire for the long wave and shortwave bands was able to detect at least some signs of activi ty everywhere On the broadcast band was able to hear strong local stations and some DX stations over the entire tuning
20. s hand guard design meets international safety stan dards Wavetek s No Hassle warran ty assures that the ammeter will be replaced anywhere in the world with an instant over the counter exchange if necessary The Model AD105 clamp on amme ter has a list price of 224 95 For addi tional information contact Wavetek Corporation 9045 Balboa Avenue San Diego CA 92123 Tel 619 279 2200 Fax 619 565 9558 CIRCLE 80 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD DIGITAL VOICE RECORDER Sony s Voice File Model ICD 50 is a palm sized IC chip recorder that holds 28 up to 99 messages in each of two sep arate files Measuring just 2 4x3 3X7 inches and weighing only 2 3 ounces the digital recorder is equipped with a backlit digital LCD readout that clearly displays recording and feedback functions The Voice File provides crisp distor tion free recordings with up to 16 min utes of continuous recording time Messages can be recorded over again and again The ICD 50 also features a built in alarm with personal message reminder Messages and notes can be recalled easily at a later time At the touch of a button the recorder s quick random access and flash memory capabilities help locate and play spe cific messages The scan function allows users to play back the first few seconds of each message The insert function allows users to add additional information to an existing message The Voice File ICD 50 which runs on on
21. 125 16 Hour 199 touch tone decoders scanners bug phone tap detectors voice disguisers telephone scramblers locksmithing tools and more 5 00 number 510 in coupon We are committed to quality products Kit Products Catalog Orders 423 584 8600 COPYRIGHTE 1997 International Electronics Carp ALL RIGHTS RESERVED International Electronics Corporation international Electronics Corporation offers a variety of quality SMT kits for students and hob byists as well as engineers Our 1997 catalog contains pictures detailed descriptions and pricing of all kits currently available as well as manufacturing services offered 2 00 number 511 In coupon CATALOG SUPERMARKET Mulrimedia Watc A Pair of Unusual Controllers I ve tried to keep you all and myself up to date on the wide variety of controllers available for PCs Because even if you only need a mouse for what you do with your com puter today you or someone you know might have to do something out of the ordinary some day And sometimes tasks can be made a lot easier with a specialized controller of some kind So this month I ve got two very special ized PC controllers one intended mostly for business presentations and the other obviously for gaming REMOTEPOINT PLUS I ve reported on products manufac tured by Interlink Electronics before Interlink s ingenious force sensitive resistor FSR technology uses a thin film that c
22. 20M Sample sec 849 95 DS 303P w RS 232 interface 1 049 96 Switchable between digital and analog modes PS 200 20 MHz DUAL TRACE 339 95 PS 400 40 MHz DUAL TRACE 494 95 2 K word per channel storage PS 405 40 MHz DELAY SWEEP 569 95 8 bit vertical resolution 25 Lerei div PS 605 60 MHz DELAY SWEEP 769 95 nded Timeb 10ms div 0 5 s di PS 1000 100 MHz DUAL TRACE 999 95 MM rU Refresh Roll Save all Save CH2 Pre Trig DC Power Supply Triple _ Output PS 8202 499 95 Two 0 30 VDC 0 3A outputs One fixed 5VDC 3A 3A output Scope Probe 80MHz x1 x10 15 100MHz x1 x10 22 250MHz x1 x10 29 250MHz x100 39 DC Power Supply PS 303 159 00 T 0 30 VDC 0 3A output an f re eU EER EDI EDT E B 0 02 2mV ine reguiation T nd Capabie of independent or tracking operation 0 02 3mV load regulation 99 em wets s or rae volue 2 pe current he 1 mVrms noise and ripple i T se meters curent y Short circuit and overioad protected 5 D Excellent regulation and low ripple PS 8200 with digital voltmeter 179 00 e Short circuit and overtoad protected Also available 30V 5A triple output 549 95 Also available 30V 5A 60VGA 60V 5A Dual tracking 30VA 30V 5A 60V 3A amp OV SA 16V 10A 30V 10A April 1997 Popular Electronics ALFA ELECTRONICS RF Signal Generator SG 4160B 124 95 100 kHz 150MHz sinewave in 6 ranges RF Output 100mVrma to 35 MHz Intema 1kHz E
23. 23 ERA 4 19 1 5 2 36 DC can be DC except for the fact that the input and output terminals are coupled to the external circuitry through capacitors The low end frequency limit is determined by these capacitors Table 1 shows the gain and operat ing frequencies for these devices In each case the type number shown is for the standard package For surface mount packaging add SM to the type number e g ERA 1 is the standard drop in packaging while ERA 1SM is the same amplifier in surface mount packaging Note that there are some minor gain differences between ERA x and ERA xSM in some cases Table 2 shows some of the other important parameters of the ERA series GaAs MMIC amplifiers The noise fig ure gives us a measure of the amount of noise that is added to the system by the amplifier nothing is noise free The lower the number the better the noise contribution The noise figures shown in Table 2 are quite good although for under 1 000 MHz the 2 8 dB noise fig ure of the MAR 6 device by the same company is a better selection The power output is measured in dBm at the 1 dB compression point A dBm is power decibels relative to 1 mW or 10 LOG PMW 1 MW The 1 dB compression point tells us something of the dynamic range of the device as well as the maximum power available It is measured in dBm also The 1 dB compression point is the input level at which the gain drops off 1 dB from the nominal
24. 29 95 XVA 250C XPS 1000C t a 49 95 49 95 MAC 55 95 9 88 108 MHz FM STEREO VOICE STRESS ANALYZER KIT TRANSMITTER KIT H TELEPHONE SNOOP KIT SCANNER CONVERTER KIT 800 950M Z e See ata glance if your being lied to Separate level control for both left Dial home from anywhere andhearin Uninterrupted coverage of the 800 to amp Subject need not be present Works and right channels Side your home 950 MHz band with voices from recordings TV or Output level circuit with test points for TouchTone coded for secure operation Works with any 400 550MHz scanner radio quick and easy tuning 6 Stop burglars and intruders Gain 6 dB typical Has built in microphone Transmit from any stereo audio source 6 Reliable 24 hour porcum Serving the public since 1981 WILL LE tol OO ed eL Noise figure 3 dB typical Easy to use LED display output to most any FM stereo receiver SEND MAIL ORDERS TO aR ANDI acs INT m SHIPPING amp HANDLING EXTRA e yo prae TRONICS 7 1270 E Broadway Rd 113 REFUNDABLE ON Tempe AZ 85282 SEND 2 00 FOR COMPLETE CATALOG FIRST ORDER TEMPE AZ 85285 5647 CIRCLE 134 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 91U014423 3 1eindog 7661 pdy o tO April 1997 Popular Electronics 8 CABLE T V EQUIPMENT Electronic Friendly Knowledgeable Service Training Videos vu 4 Learn electronics quickly and TO MA OS 2 easily with UCANDO s computer Ru SENE
25. 9222 Chesapeake Drive San Diego CA 92123 Mac s Electronics 191 South E Street San Bernardino CA 92401 Electronics Warehouse 269 Main Street Riverside CA 92501 Orvac Electronics 1645 E Orangethorpe Ave Fullerton CA 92631 Sav On Electronics 13225 Harbor Blvd Garden Grove CA 92643 JK Electronics 6395 Westminster Blvd Westminster CA 92683 Marvac Dow Electronics 980 S A Street Oxnard CA 93030 Kandarian Electronics 1101 19th Street Bakersfield CA 93301 Whitcomm Electronics 105 W Dakota 106 Clovia CA 93612 Marvac Dow Electronics 265 B Reservation Road Marina CA 93933 Minuteman Electronics 37111 Post St Suite Fremont CA 94536 HCS Electronics 6819 S Redwood Drive Cotati CA 94931 Halted Specialties Co 3500 Ryder Street Santa Clara CA 95051 Metro Electronics 1831 J Street Sacramento CA 95814 The Radio Place Inc 5675 A Power Inn Road Sacramento CA 95824 HSC Electronics 4837 Amber Lane Sacramento CA 95841 Colorado Gateway Electronics of CO 2525 Federal Blvd Denver CO 80211 Connecticut Signal Electronics Supply 589 New Park Avenue W Hartford CT 06110 Cables amp Connectors 2198 Berlin Turnpike Newington CT 06111 Electronic Service Prod 437 Washington Avenue North Haven CT 06473 Georgia Norman s Electronics Inc 3653 Clairmont Road Chamblee GA 30341 Illinois Tri State Elex 200 W Northwest Hwy Mt Prospect IL 60056 Ma
26. An enormous amount of useful data is available on this CD ROM Any air craft you monitor can be identified in seconds New editions are updated quarterly in order to keep the informa tion current International Air installs quickly and easily and is very user friendly It comes with a 22 page man ual just in case questions arise The CD ROM costs 189 It s sold by International Air CD 2234 North Federal Highway Boca Raton FL 33432 Tel 561 243 1219 Fax 561 BY MARC SAXON 243 9889 Web http hitech super link net McMONITORING No doubt about it fast food drive through windows continue to attract an inordinate amount of attention from scanner owners Although we have run some of the frequencies in the past we continue to get letters providing fre quencies as well as asking for them Whatsamatta you can t enjoy a burger and fries in your car without also eavesdropping on the counter folks Think maybe they re talking about you behind your back They might be Although frequencies vary from location to location many McDonalds are reported to be using 30 84 31 00 33 14 35 02 151 715 191 775 151 895 154 06 154 57 154 60 154 70 165 60 169 446 170 245 170 305 171 105 171 905 467 775 and or 467 55 MHz Burger King is said to prefer 30 84 31 00 154 57 170 305 457 5625 457 60 467 825 467 7875 and 461 2875 466 2875 MHz Try a Taco Bell on 30 84 31 00 33 40 154 515 154 54 154 57
27. April 1997 Popular Electronics Product Test Report Canon ES6000 Camcorder y any standard Canon s ES6000 is a handful The new camcorder combines all the advanced features introduced in earlier models into a single high end Hi8 format bundle Those advanced features include Canon s unique Eye Control technolo gy for focusing and camcorder opera tion and the recently introduced Auto Editing Function for in camera assem bly editing and VCR dubbing Besides these there s Canon s Optical Image Stabilization by which the gyroscopic lens itself corrects for operator move ment rather than depend on electron ic Signal processing Consequently there s a lot to learn about the ES6000 and the compre hensive instruction manual is must reading As you d expect there s an Easy Recording mode for point and shoot type movie making But for all its automation this camcorder also offers the manual controls that advanced videographers demand FEATURES The most unusual function in the ES 6000 is Eye Control a system unique to Canon for either focusing the lens or for hands free operation of the camcorder s controls It actually focus es your subject or activates camcorder functions by tracking the movement of your eye in the color viewfinder Fig 1 As this vectorscope photo shows the ES6000 s phase is right on target while its chro ma at the rim of the scope above the cross hairs 4s slig
28. Deoa ado 9189 99 ee Best price on surveillance cameras anywhere Telephone Transmitter Kit hidden in duo modular adaptor Transmits both sides of conversation to any FM radio up to 1 4 Converter Box Catalog Open Every Day mile SnapKit technology Uses phone line for r and eS LOWER YOUR CABLE Z dre os BILL NOW Eg R d 12 hours of conversations on a single cassette W KD directly into telephone Jack Reconis up to lt P p E E MM 27 Recording starts and stops automatically when d CHANNEL SURFERS Hour phone s used Visa MC 800 594 1047 Fear idi 99 0 5 Free stunning Check MO Question line 972 255 7490 Seymor Radix Inc Box 166055 E Irving TX 75016 Now you can visit us on the Internet at http Awww why net nome sr EQUI y Dine f GANE 9000 5 d qve Nationwide SOU i T carte TV equipment if Poy WHERE THE DEALERS BUAR BUGGED is unbelievably widespread Electronic Devices with emezing capabilities can be monitoring your telephone and room conversations RIGHT NOWI Are you Sure you re safa FREE CATALOG tells you fasti includes Free Bonus details on fantastic opportunities now open im Countar Surveillance field Exciting immensely interesting and EXTREMELY profitable up to 250 hr full part time income Call Now 1 800 732 5000 CABLE DIRECT _ DESCRAMBLERS 7 ZAVHIED STABILIZERS 9 oA Y CREE EL FREE Cable TV
29. M 1 49 95 E Z kit approach makes assembly a snap Professional quality me Not a kit ready to use Miniature battery and holder mounted P le LE 102 ma directly to the circuit board Uses oq Microwave B Vv Transmit to any scanner type receiver II Integrated Circuit amplifier 99 95 69 95 mem me e Adjustable sensitivity XTL3000 XTL1000 Audio jack for privacy ear phone TRACKING TRANSMITTER KIT LONG RANGE TRANSMITTER KIT TRANSMITTER KIT Any intercepted signal causes an audio Transmits continuous beep beep beep Sensitive built in microphone Sensitive built in microphone tone that increases from a low pitched ideal for locating lost or stolen items Range up to 1 mile Range up to 1 2 mile cabs to a high pitched squeal as the sig Range up to 1 2 mile Custom erue nitesa available Custom treguenciee available B e Strength increases 8 108 MHz et i FM RECEIVER ao XST 500 Voice transmitter Range up to 1 mile Supersensitive mic Uses 9 volt battery XMR2000 ar Uses surface mount components 29 95 a at XWB 1000 Vaice transmitter Range up to 1 2 mile Includes mic and battery on circuit e Worlds smallest L board Uses surface mount components FM radio XST500EZ XWB 1000EZ es 100C XFM 100 Voice transmitter Range up to 1 As small as a P 49 95 46 95 21 95 mile 9 v battery and leaded components hearing aid XSP 250 Super miniature telephone W
30. Please rush my ELECTRONICS REPAIR MANUAL l it pay now 1 by Check or credit card and save 10 off the regular pricel If Im not 100 satisfied may return the book within 30 days for a full refund of the purchase price _ SAVE Bill my credit card in 2 easy monthly payments of 24 95 plus 6 50 shipping amp handling VISA MASTERCARD Exp Date I E 71 sj aa F Account i IL BE EE TN ED ES Signature Phone C SAVE My check is enciosed for 49 90 plus 6 50 s amp h _ Add 10 00 for EXPRESS DELIVERY guaranteed within 5 business days from receipt of order Prepaid U S A orders only no PO Boxes C Bill me later for the regular price of 59 95 plus 6 50 shipping amp handling subject to credit approval Signature and phone number required to process your order PO Box addresses must be prepaid Name Company _ Address _ I I I 1 l I l l l f l i i i l City State Zip 1 In Canada please add 10 Overseas orders add 15 foreign orders must be prepaid U S funds only CT residents add 6 sales tax Supplements are just 35 each plus shipping amp handling They will be sent 4 5 times a year on a fully quaranteed 30 day trail basis They may be cancelled at any time 33234 l l l I I l l l l I l i l I I I l l I I I I
31. Q Q uJ k S gt a O a N J Q P 8 q be scaled back a bit Instead of the will most likely offer sorne 14 000 EVs in they cannot produce or in reality sell 2 requirement equating to about 1998 all voluntarily This group suc this many EVs to interested Califor 22 000 ZEVs annually the automakers cessfully convinced the CARB that nians With the range between 8 charges being less than 100 miles even under ideal climate and driving conditions several hours required for battery recharging and list prices as much as three times more than equiv alent gasoline powered vehicles EVs are still not ready for prime time CARBS5 10 requirement for 2003 re mains in effect Recharging Facilities Besides the EVs the infrastructure to keep them rolling is also being developed This includes the very important battery recharging The design as well the lo cation and number of recharging fa cilities is dictated by the EV s somewhat limited range and need for frequent recharges Unlike a filling a tank with gasoline which takes only a few minutes recharging an EV bat tery pack can take hours even all day or overnight for deeply dis charged ones Therefore recharging would be done where people stay for relatively long periods of time homes offices factories apartment complexes etc Quick charge re charging stations for topping off batteries could be located af shop ping malls movie theat
32. RadioShack number 274 319 or equivalent J1 J2 RCA type phono jack panel mount RadioShack number 274 346 or equivalent SI SPDT miniature toggle switch ampere B1 9 volt alkaline battery Perforated board plastic enclosure RadioShack number 270 213 or equivalent control knobs two X l inch coil springs compression type two 4 40 x l inch machine screws with nuts 2 inch Spacers 24 inch small plastic box or vial IC sockets hardware wire solder etc As shown in this photo the electrodes used with the Lie Detector are two spring mounted RCA plugs Set R5 to its full counter clockwise off position Adjust R1 back and forth and you should see the current vary between about 5 microam peres Now set R1 for a reading of 0 0 to 0 2 microamperes This will assure that R5 will actually reach the zero current level Advance R5 clockwise and the current should rise to its max imum of 15 microamperes at the end of rotation The cabinet construction is now complete Assemble the cabinet halves and install the knobs on their control shafts Using large diameter plastic knobs makes adjustments sim ple and reduces noise coupling to the circuit The Electrodes The key to suc cessfully completing a functional GSR monitor or lie detector is in using qual ity electrodes for the measurements As stated before contact area and pressure must be maintained to real ize consistent resul
33. SS itis not the intent of B E S Ww to defraud any pay television operator an we will not assist any company or individual in doring the same WAREHOUSING Refer to sales personnel for specifications EL slat aM di Si AR a ae ana nae ee CORPORATION P O Box 8180 a Bartlett iL 60103 800 577 8775 STA HOURS Monday Saturday 9 5 C S T April 1997 Popular Electronics S EM S bran ERA emes 9 awe Learn at rein in spare m A1 H No previous experience needed No hcegHy school No commuting to class The Original Home Study course prepares you for the FCC Commercial Radio telephone License This valuablelicenseis your professional ticket to thousands of exciting jobs in Communications Radio TV Microwave Maritime Radar Avionics and more even start your own business You don t need a college degree to qualify but you do need an FCC License No Need to Quit Your Job or Go To School This proven course is easy fast and low cost GUARANTEED PASS You get your FCC License or money refunded Send for FREE facts now MAIL COUPON TODAY Or Call 1 800 932 4268 Ext 240 1 COMMAND PRODUCTIONS FCC LICENSE TRAINING Dept 240 P O Box 2824 San Francisco CA 94126 Please rush FREE details immediately NAME ADDRESS A CITY STATE ZIP Lans E m Geraci mE EVE auus iL EE l 2 CALL 1 888 561 4796 FOR ALL YOUR CABLE TV NEEDS GET
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35. batteries Transmits both sides of clear wireless to any FM radio at great distances Variable tunes from 70MHz to 130MHz FM You can also use it as a speaker phone SIZE 1 25 x 6 TEL B1 KIT 12 95 SUPER SNOOPER BIG EAR Listen through walls hear E conversations across the room Add a parabolic reflec tor and hear blocks away The BIG EAR can be hidden about anywhere Makes an ultra sensitive intercom Can be used as a 1 5W AMP We supply a mini electret mike in the kit Power requirement 6 to12v DC SIZE 1 75 x 1 AA 1 BUILT 29 95 KIT 10 95 E RELAY POWER KIT Increase the output of any kit from 100mA to 3 Amps If you need to Switch more power up to 300 Watts with the Light Genie Temperature Genie Timer or Vox kits use the Relay Kit We supply a two pole relay 1 5 Amps Size 75 x 2 RP 1 KIT 9 95 WIDE BAND PRE AMP 4j Uses PCB and surface arepas d performance Use for scan ners HT s Frequency counters Satellite Receivers It amplifies low ievel weak signals If the signal is extremely low two amplifiers can be used in a series e 1MHz to 2 5 GHz 2 8dB NF e 1dB compression OdBm e Gain 1MHz 20dB to 2 5GHz 6dB Power requirement 12v 6Ma WBA 6 kir 19 95 MasterCard US FUNDS ONLY 6N 2 kit would have saved you it gets too hot This kit gives you 100mA of output J
36. s91u04129 3 1ejndog Z664 Judy DMM 89 179 00 Most Advanced DMM 80 7 to 81 4 dBm with 40 1200 20 reference impedances True RMS Frequency counter 100 Hz 10MHz Capacitance 5nF SOmF Measure AC volt to 20kHz 5000 counts 0 1 basic accuracy Auto manual range fast bar graph Min Max Ave DH Relative Zoom Auto power off Input waming Splash proof Volt amp ohm logic diode continulty Ruggerdized case Rubber holster included LCR Meter 131D 229 95 Most Advanced LCR Dual display L Q or C D Inductance 10mH 10 000H Capacitance 10nF 10mF Resistance 100 10MO Auto manual range Dissipation factor amp Q factor 1 Serial amp parallel mode Relative mode for comparison and to remove parasitics Statistics tolerance Bestfor design incoming i testing amp production SMD and chip component test probe 25 00 ALFA ELECTRONICS DMM A91 45 95 NOW 39 00 Plus Free Case WE Ser d Oum Resistance 200 200MQ 0 5 HIGIHII QUALITY TEST EQUIPMENT BEST PRICE DMM 20 74 95 Inductance 2mH 20H Fiuke Multimeter Fluke 12 84 95 Holster C 10 10 Fluke 70 li 75 95 Fluke 73 Il 97 50 Fluke 75 ll 129 Solar Cell Powered MESES DC AC Current and Volts Holster C70 16 Large Display Diode Continuity Volt Amp Ohm Data Hold Auto power off 7 functions 19 ranges 3 5 Digit 0 6 accuracy ni Auto Manual ranging wA EE aiios heavy duty industrial electrical Fluke 105 2799 Energy saver Stud
37. testers and DXers to be connected to the same system at the same time for DX reports Pavillion Software s DX Cluster formerly known as PacketCluster R lets multiple stations connect to the DX Cluster station or node or to connect to other nodes to form a network It offers DX spotting and logging real time announcements talk and mail database access and much more While packet radio isn t one of the more popular modes for awards seekers some packet oper ators do enjoy such pursuits The ARRL for example issues packet radio endorsements to the basic Worked All States WAS award although it doesn t issue packet WAS as a separate award Two ARRL contests specifically include packet radio One is Field Day in which participants can earn bonus points for making packet contacts A second is the ARRL RTTY Roundup a digital contest for RTTY AMTOR and packet modes The objective is to work as many digital stations as you can world wide So far most HF digital contest ing has focused on these modes PacTOR G TOR and CLOVER to be discussed later are not yet popular contest modes Packet radio lets you handle message traffic By traffic we mean radiogram messages sent via the ARRUs National Traffic System NTS Amateur packet and other digital mode stations and PBBSs are well suited to exchanging traffic and the NTS depends heavily on these modes to move vital mes sages To find out more about traf fi
38. tures on HE using relatively narrow bandwidths comparable to those used by SSB stations Conventional SSB rigs generally are used to trans mit and receive SSTV signals Recent years have witnessed the availability of inexpensive MCPs and PC based scan converters You can use an MCP for SSTV or you can use a dedicated SSTV adapter several firms offer dedicated SSTV hardware and or software includ ing Absolute Value Systems and Harlan Technologies Getting on FSTV isn t a great deal different from voice modes except that you also hook up your camcorder to provide the signal input to your transmitter and use your TV set to receive the picture A special radio isn t required Amateurs typically show their radio hamshacks home videos construc tion projects and computer graph ics or they repeat SSTV video and audio Some even transmit local radio club meetings for shut ins A FSTV signal looks like a com mercial TV signal you won t find FSTV on HF Rather it s on UHF mostly on the 70 cm band because of the spectrum space required and there also are many UHF FSTV repeaters across the country Some FSTV buffs equip themselves with professional equipment including special effects devices to manipulate and control video images A full range of FSIV equipment is offered by PC Electronics and several others Satellite and Space Communica tions Since 1961 when the first NAMES AND ADDRESSES Absolute Value System
39. 11 49 9 54 867 7 95 6 95 e High Input Impedance gt 100Mohm PM 328 4 1 2 Digit LCD Panel Meter 19 88 16 40 14 90 13 66 11 93 Ball Bearing 12V DC Fans These High Quality Fans feature Ball Bearings and Brushless DC Motors All of them are designed to meet UL CSA amp VDE Standards Design these fans into power supplies computers or other equipment requiring PRICE EACH 25 100 additional air flows for heat removal CATNO l 10 These fans are regular Circuit Specialists CSD 4010 12 9 88 6 38 n od stock items they are not surplus CSD 6025 12 9 38 9 9 9 CSD 8025 12 8 88 5 85 5 19 PE CSD 9225 12 8 95 6 14 5 29 INDUSTRY BEST PRICING CSD 1225 12 11 45 8 96 7 82 6 85 RATED START INPUT STATIC DIMENSIONS VOLTAGE VOLTAGE CURRENT AIR FLOW PRESSURE SPEED NOISE LEVEL CAT NO MM V V A CFM INCH H O RPM dB WEIGHT g CSD 4010 12 40x40x 10mm 12 7 0 06 5 1 0 19 5 500 26 20 CSD 6025 12 60x60x25mm 12 5 0 13 13 7 0 165 4500 28 65 CSD 8025 12 80x80x25mm 12 5 0 16 37 8 0 177 3 000 31 80 CSD 9225 12 92x92x25mm 12 5 0 32 42 0 18 2 800 37 95 CSD 1225 32 120x 12025mm 12 5 0 35 62 0 180 2 500 42 135 O D o co J S KA cu E o o c 7s e SOLDER SOLDER e CCD Camera IR Responsive As Low As EE e SOLDER SOLDER e e This black and white monochrome CCD Cam p We stock high quality 60 40 Sn Pb 1 03 1 era is totally contained o
40. 1A 12V 9 1A 1 Variable 2 5 20V 2A XK 550 Assembled and Tested 169 XK 550K Kit 139 Tools and meter shown optlona MX 9300 Four Functions in One One instrument with four test and measuring systems M 1 3GHz Frequency Counter 2MHz Sweep Function Generator Digital Multimeter Digital Triple Power Supply 0 30V 9 3A 15V 1A 5V 2A GF 8026 w Frequency Linear and Log Sweep e 02Hz to 2MHz 1Hz to 10MHz 4 Digit Display 225 Digital Multimeter Auto Ranging Hand Held Fluke Multimeters 70 Series 80 Series DMM w Bar Graph Model M 1700 Model 70Il 69 95 Model 83 235 00 Model EDM 163 Model 73II 97 50 Model 85 269 00 Model 751l 135 00 Model 87 289 00 Model 771l 154 95 Model 791I 175 00 99 5 39 specs 1999 7 als B amp K Precision Multimeters unctions I gir Z e Model 391 159 00 Model 388A 99 00 7 Functions with data holdB s siu usu BORRE g 079 7 OLF f E XE Model 39 139 00 707 i Compares to Fluke Model 771l cap to 20uF Meets UL 1244 safety iri odel390 13 Model 2 79 00 Model 389 7 109 00 Model 2860X 85 00 Kit Corner F Model M 6100 over 100 kits available
41. 3212 Fax 516 593 3295 e mail kantek interserv com Web http www kantek spectrum com CIRCLE 81 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD uw Second Edition by Dennis Roddy This book provides students technolo gists and engineers with an introduc tion to the complexities of satellite communications systems that is both comprehensive and readable It deliv ers clear explanations in plain English of all types of analog and digital sys tems in use today without glossing over important technical details DENNIS RODDY Second Edition ec tii K The book covers the many practical issues that are of interest to profession als and students alike It presents the latest information on frequency division multiple access FDMA and time divi sion multiple access TDMA and how those competing methods of satellite access measure up it explains orbital mechanics with full descriptions of hardware such as satellite structures antennas and earth stations The sec ond edition also explores cutting edge applications including global position satellite and mobile satellite systems Satellite Communications Second Edition costs 60 and is published by McGraw Hill Inc 11 West 19th Street New York NY 10011 Tel 800 822 8158 CIRCLE 90 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD MICROSOFT WORD FOR WINDOWS 95 The Complete Reference by Mary Campbell amp Gabrielle A Lawrence This book provides clear answers about the newest v
42. 45 1 98 PP152 150mm x 250mm 5 91 x 9 84 5 40 3 98 3 60 PPI53 150mmx300mm 5 91 x11 8l 615 448 4 0 PP1212 305mm x 305mm 12 x12 NEW 12 78 1065 8 52 Single Sided loz Copper Foil on Fiberglass Substrate PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 10 50 GS101 100mm x 150mm 3 91 x 5 91 3 90 298 2 60 GS1l4 114mm x 165mm 4 6 x 6 6 480 3 49 3 20 G 152 150mm x 250mm 5 91 x 9 84 8 60 598 5 78 G 153 150mmx300mm 5 91 x 11 81 1020 720 680 GS1212 305mm x 305mm 12 x 12 NEW 18 88 1573 12 59 Double Sided 1oz Copper Foil on Fibergiass Substrate PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 10 50 GD101 100mm x 150mm 3 91 x5 91 507 3 68 3 38 GD114 114mm x 165mm 4 6 x 6 6 5 95 429 399 GD152 150mm x 250mm 5 91 x 9 84 10 47 739 698 GD153 150mmx300mm 5 91 x 11 81 1195 869 830 GDI2ZI2_ 305mm x 305mm 12 x 12 NEW 22 09 18 35 14 68 e Developer Thisproductisusedas the de veloper on our positive photo resist printed circuit boards Includes instructions 50 gram a package mixes with water makes 1 quart S at PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 10 25 POSDEV Positive Developer 95 80 50 Etching Tank This handy etching sys tem willhandle PC boardsupto8 x9 two ata time ideal for etching your PCB s Systemincludes an air pump for etchant agitatlon a thermostatically controlled heater for keeping etchant at optimum a temperature and a tank that holds 1 35 gallons of etchant A tight fitting lid is also supplied to prevent ev
43. 66614 7618 Pavillion Software C o XX Towers Inc 814 Hurricane Road Mason NH 03048 Radio Amateur Satellite Corp PO Box 27 Washington DC 20044 Radio Amateur Telecommunications Society RATS PO Box 93 Park Ridge NJ 07656 0093 Tab Books A division of McGraw Hill Inc PO Box 5445 Blacklick OH 43004 0545 Texas Packet Radio Society PO Box 50238 Denton TX 76206 0238 Tiare Publications PO Box 493 Lake Geneva WI 53147 Tucson Amateur Packet Radio Corporation 8987 309 E Tanque Verde Rd 4337 Tucson AZ 85749 9399 mailboxes for message transfers Some satellites use the AX 25 proto col others use special packet pro tocols developed for satellite com munications Since 1984 when OSCAR 10 was used as a repeater to connect packet stations on the two coasts packet radio TNCs and related gear has been carried aboard amateur satellites This has enabled packet communications either of a real time or store and forward PBBS like nature the latter is more common There are some amateur satellites in orbit that are dedicated to packet radio called PACSATs These are PBBS like and help distrib ute packet traffic around the world You ll find PACSAT operation to be fairly similar to conventional earth bound packet and the same AX 25 protocol is used But the PACSATs use a variety of data rates and signal modulation schemes and formats Special modems must be used with your TNC
44. 95 ten each of ERA 1 2 and 3 and the K2 ERA for 69 95 ten each of ERA 4 and 5 The surface mount ver sion prices are the same those kit num bers are K1 ERASM and K2 ERASM Figure 1 shows the package of the more familiar MAR x devices along with that of the ERA x devices The body of the MMIC devices is about the same size but the leads on the ERA x devices are shorter than the MAR x series Both of them have four leads input output and two grounds the use of two grounds is necessary at these frequencies Pin no 1 input is identi fied on both MAR x and ERA x by a dot and the fact that the end of the lead is beveled In the case of the MAR x devices the type number is indicated by the color of the color dot but on ERA x devices all of the dots are red TABLE 3 FMIN MHz Gi C2 1 0 1 pF 10 0 01 pF 100 1000 pF 0 001 pF 500 100 pF 1 000 10 pF TYPICAL CIRCUIT The standard circuit for the ERA x devices is similar to that of the MAR x and is shown in Fig 2 There are two grounds neither optional both are required The input and output termi nals are blocked for DC by capacitors C1 and C2 The values of C1 and C2 determine the minimum operating fre quency Values to 0 1 F are used for low frequency work but if higher bands are being contemplated then use the recommended values in Table 3 These values are not absolute Ex periment with other values if you please but don t str
45. O Box 5110 Pittsfield MA 01203 5110 Void after June 30 1997 TME NATIORAL FUBUCATIOR FOR PUTERE AND MELLE OF OLD OAOE AND BELATED MEAM PUREED MORTAL Antique Radio Classified Antique Radio Classified is antique radio s larg est circulation monthly magazine A typical 100 page monthly issue contains articles and hun dreds of classifieds for old radios TVs ham equipment hi fi art deco and transistor radios telegraph books amp more We also offer price guides and books on repair and restoration and guides for the novice collector Antique Radio Classified is your link to the world of collecting old radios Sample 4 00 number 502 in coupon Img COMPLETE CATALOG OF end FASCINATING Devices Information Unlimited The catalog of amazing and fascinatng electronic and scientific products Learn how to build a burn ing cutting laser an electronic gun capable of ballistic velocities particle beams surveillance devices force fields anti gravity mind contro and hypnotism ultrasonic infrasonic shock waves telsa coils lightning generators free en ergy telekinetic enhancers time quenchers plas ma guns high power pulsers for rail guns and exploding water security personal protection electronic magic devices plus etc etc 2 00 refundable on first order number 505 in coupon AMERICAN INNOVATIONS SURVEILLANCE COUNTERSURVEILLANCE PROTECTION SECURITY EQUIPME
46. Programmable DMM a Fiber Optics Includes FREE Computer Interface Technology and FREE Software Analog Bar Graph with training course Large 3 3 4 LCD Display Model FO 30K Menu Driven 1 9 95 Triple Display RS 232 Interface Model AM FM 108K Transistor Radio Kit PT 223K 45 95 Phone kit with train ing course True RMS 9 Basic Functions including cap amp freq Auto Power Off Easy to use M 1005K Compact Multimeter with training course Kit OB gq 95 29 19 7 6 Functions amp Transistor i iH Test WE WILL NOT BE UNDERSOLD C amp S SALES INC p UPS SHIPPING 48 STATES 5 150 W CARPENTER AVENUE GUARANTEE WHEELING IL 60090 EE wise FOR SS TIUS FAX 847 520 9904 847 541 0710 FULE FACTORY WARRANTY IL Residents add 8 Sales Tax http www elenco com cs sales 15 DAY MONEY BACK PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE CIRCLE 32 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD Ni IE MO toot es RR FREE PROBES OSCILLOSCOPES ALL OR WRITE FO 1 WITH ALL SCOPES Lowest Prices of the Year hiver B amp K Precision Scopes 60MHz ANALOG WITH DIGITAL STORAGE Cursors and readouts Model 2560 R 232 pon x 4 n i ii 2 20M S 8 real time sampling ie r4 LEE uf e Quality Scopes by Elenco 1GHz equivalent time
47. Q1 is direct coupled to the input of op amp C1 a The output of IC1 a is fed through the gain control potentiometer R5 100K IC1 a 1 4 LM324 PARTS LIST FOR THE IR RECEIVER Fig 6 RESISTORS All fixed resistors are 4 watt 5 units R1 R3 10 000 ohm R4 R5 100 000 ohm R6 2200 ohm R7 220 000 ohm R8 470 ohm CAPACITORS C1 0 22 yuF Mylar C2 0 1 yF ceramic disc C3 C4 47 pF 25 WVDC electrolytic C5 4 7 nF 25 WVDC electrolytic ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATERIALS IC1 LM324 quad op amp integrated cir cuit Q1 IR NPN phototransistor just about any IR unit will work J1 Phono jack Reflector see text power source wire solder etc R9 to the input of op amp IC1 b which has a voltage gain of 10 Section IC1 b s output drives IC1 c which has a voltage gain of 100 The output of IC1 c supplies audio to the headphones via J1 The IR LEDs from the last circuit and the IR phototransistor in this one may be mounted in reflectors to increase the CPO s operating range Layout of either IR circuit isn t critical so just about any assembly scheme should work Keep in mind that a CPO in the hands of a child can produce the spark that ignites a high tech career and the chance for a better life So until next month good circuitry E 9 12V IC1 c 1 4 LM324 R7 c5 220K C4 4 7 47 IC1 b 1 4 LM324 J1 HEADPHONES vo
48. There s a life to be saved right now Call 1 800 GIVE LIFE ductive coupler cannot induce cir culating currents in nearby objects like jewelry heating them to produce skin burns Finally in some communities zon ing and building codes may have to be modified to allow charging facili ties New health safety fire and res Cue procedures and educational programs will have to be developed Parking spaces will have to dedicated for EV recharging in public and pri vate parking lots Also trained techni cians and special tools will be needed to service electric vehicles and charging facilities But despite all the steps that have to Still be taken the EVs are out there How long will it be before you say goodbye to gasoline too E GIVE THE POWER TO BECOME 7 American Red Cross Supplement to Popular Electronics April 1997 Popular Electronics Paperback Books GREAT BOOKS AT BUDGET PRICES 2 INTERNATIONAL RADIO C N KPERIMINTER S LIKHAAY MG 100 RADIO HOOKUPS s 7 3 00 e am MM zy lOO First published in May 1923 this popular booklet went into reprint RADIO editions nine times It is packed HOOKUPS with circuits theory antenna idi Ws j installation and tips on consumer PLULCPAN STAA radio receivers that were popular in the early 1920 s Antique radio buffs and those inquisitive about the early days of radio will find this booklet an exciting inval
49. a phone conversation loud and j Amps ea tie both poles together and get 3 mount technology for better f S2iu01 29 3 1ejndod 7661 Judy April 1997 Popular Electronics B Adis FREE aes der 4G CATALOG T7 m Huu 4 PO Box 421 Batavia OH 45103 weedtech iglou com 513 752 0279 50 MHz Frequency Counter Reads frequency from 1Hz to 50MHz and worm up to 7 digits on a 16x1 character B LCO display Auto range feature provides floating decimal point and automatic lacement of suffix TE KHz or MHz icrocontrotter based provides for very small parts count only 2 x 3 blg 46 50 Telephone Call Restrictor Connects to telephone wall jack Disables all phones on the line if attempting to either dial a number that has been stored In memory Block mode or dial a number that has not been stored in memory Allow mode Use touch tone phone to enter f telephone numbers into memory and choose mode Program from any phone on theline using your password 35 00 Caller ID RS 232 Connects between a telephone wall BE and an RS 232 serial port codes the caller ID data sent over the phone line and sends it to your PC Mac in a pre formatted ASCII character string Create your own program to log the name number date and time of all incoming calls Block out unwanted caller
50. about for operation Using this circuit couldn t be eas er Tune your ham band receiver to the crystal s frequency and key down If the receiver doesn t have a CW mode turn on the BFO and tune for the desired CW tone IR TRANSMITTER Our last code practice oscillator 12V 4 7K CW KEY 2N2222 INFRARED Fig 5 Here s a CPO that transmits on IR using LEDI LED3 PARTS LIST FOR THE IR TRANSMITTER Fig 5 SEMICONDUCTORS 1C1 555 timer integrated circuit Q1 2N2222 NPN transistor Q2 IRF511 hexFET LED1 LED3 IR light emitting diode RESISTORS All fixed resistors are 4 watt 5 units R1 R2 4700 ohm R3 3300 ohm R4 1000 ohm R5 330 ohm R6 10 000 ohm potentiometer ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATERIALS C1 C2 0 1 F ceramic disc capacitor CW key power source wire soider etc operates on IR Fig 5 shows the trans mitter circuit A 555 timer IC1 is con nected in an audio oscillator circuit with its frequency set by potentiometer R6 Transistor Q1 with the CW key up is biased on thereby holding pin 5 of IC1 low and keeping it turned off The 555 timer s output at pin 3 ties to the gate of a power hexFET Q2 which dri ves the three IR emitters LED1 LED3 Placing the CW key in the down position turns the 555 oscillator on That sends out the audio tone signal via IR IR RECEIVER Take a look at the IR receiver circuit shown in Fig 6 An IR phototransistor
51. animated training videos Students ES 5 can learn at their own pace and 3 i EE IN professionals will find the s E UCANDO videos to be a valuable TE ONE mee source of reference material If d CA Boum oU BE these videos arent the best learning tools you ve ever seen return them within 30 days for a complete refund These videos are being used by Tech Schools CET s Military Branches Ham Operators Industries and more across the United States and around the world Order today and see how UCANDO is EL T he ici The World Learns Electronics e All Equipment New e Convertors amp Descramblers e 30 Day Money Back Guarentee e 6 Month Warranty e Visa MC C O D Welcome KDE ELECTRONICS INC P O Box 1494 SAVE 6 Siaa for only 240 or 12 videos for oniy 450 g Addison IL 60101 a Info 630 889 0281 HRS Mon Fri 9 6 CST 1 800 678 61 1 3 j Fax 630 889 0283 Sat 9 3 CST or mail check or money order to Wf A A UCANDO Videos R P O Box 928 Greenville OH 45331 Sad FREE Shipping FREE Catalog CIRCLE 136 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD New and Pre Owned Test Equipment Sexes Sea aa oo AM Radios FM Partio P Part 1 FM Radio Pat TVPati ntofoTV TVPat2 ERRE Pora Sue E Amplifiers E Oscillators Digital 1 i Pre Owned Oscilloscope Specials B K Precision 1476 10 MHz 229 00 Great Starter Scope Tektronix 465 100 MHz 599 00 Tektronix 465B 100 MHz 699 00
52. around 130 and up MCPs cost 300 or more If you already own a PC you already have the potentially most expensive part of a packet station And if you have an amateur FM transceiver or HF SSB transceiver then you re set If not you can pur chase a used two meter FM trans ceiver from 100 250 new ones MFJ offers TNCs for HF and VHF packet radio several of which are based on classic TAPR designs Thousands of units similar to this rugged basic model are used as digi peaters nodes and BBSs and in commercial applications communicate with others You use the converse mode for most com munications while the transparent mode sends special characters to another station without being inter preted as commands by your TNC Most VHF packet activity is on 2 meter FM You ll also find packet on UHE on 222 and 420 MHz Packet is alive on 6 meters as well with many opportunities for DX under the right ionospheric conditions Once you have all the basics can you get your station up and run ning Most TNCs connect to the transceiver microphone plug for push to talk and transmit audio con nections plus they need a connec tion to the audio output from the FM receiver If you can plug an RS 232 cable into a modem and wire the TNC to your radio you have the technical savvy to get on packet The cost of setting up your station shouldn t hold you back either Cost from about 300 up An HF rig costs more Packet Op
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55. back on PL2 feeding the wire through the 2 inch hole rather than the strain relief It should screw right on without twisting the wire Prepare PL3 in the same manner Obtain a couple of light gauge 0 010 to 0 015 inch wire di FOR 5 BOOKS 5894 9 Electronics WHEN YOU JOIN THE Book Club at La emoy Systems ls 0053146 24 95 0112738 XX 45 00 Hardcover Counts as 2 Troubleshooting amp Repairing Audio Equipment j Homer L Davisen 0157553 XX 44 95 Hardcover Counts as 2 The TAB Electroncs Gude t0 BUILD YOUR Own E ie G Randy Sone 0582157 26 95 9122264 X 39 95 Counts as 2 Security Systems Technician Sety and Run t khay 33Min Himin m 5872625 XX 30 00 0717753 19 95 Counts as 2 The leading source of information for electronics h Understanding MULTIMEDIA PC Electricity and in Electronics A VALUES TO 189 75 Traudleshsotmy amp Repairing v Solid State TVs per L Bevidson 0157537 XX 44 95 Hardcover Counts as 2 Troubleshoot amp Repair AUDIO amp VIDEO CASSETE PLAYERS amp RECORDERS obbyists for over 30 years AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS AUD eo a RES ELLS 0331898 XX 69 59 Hardcover Counts as 2 155016X XX 34 95 ENIE Counts as 2 How to Read EJectronic Circuit Diagrams COMPACT DISC PLAYER MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR A Es cod Mp
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57. catches minute particles of dust that even HEPA filters miss No mess Clearveil uses a positively charged collection sheet to draw the necative ions back into the uni once they have collect2d dust After 168 hours of use the Clearveil filter B has collected much more dust than the Proven technology HEPA rito A Clearveil 250 a fanless electronic air purifier uses patented microprocessor controlled ionization and collection technology for contaminate removal This method has been proven superior to other air filters including High Efficiency Particulate Arresting HEPA filters Clearveil is Japan s market leader in air purifi cation devices selling over 350 000 units since 1988 The best method In the past the HEPA filter was considered to be the most Clearveil releases negative ior s Energy efficient Because Clearveil is so unobtrusive you will want to run it all day long And since it only uses about four watts of electricity you can One Clearveil unit run ning 24 hours a day will only cost about 4 a year just one gt Clearveil unit will purify a 250 square foot area Additional units can be purchased to purify the air in larger homes or office buildings D The negative ions combine 4 with positively charged dust particles and form a negatively charged unit Then a 2 collection plate with a positive charge attracts those negatively charged units removing t
58. check one Total for items selected Name E ne UES Street 2 00 506 Mouser Electronics Catalog Free 6 00 507 A M C Sales Inc Catalog 5 00 4 00 508 California Digital Catalog 2 00 2 00 509 RNJ Catalog 2 00 3 00 510 EDE Spy Outlet Catalog 5 00 2 00 511 IEC Catalog 2 00 Money Order Total Enclosed e City State Zip Mail to CATALOG SUPERMARKET P O Box 5110 Pittsfield MA 01203 5110 Void after June 30 1997 s51uoJ199 3 1ejndod 7661 Judy N Co April 1997 Popular Electronics MN e ORDER YOUR CATALOG TODAY Circle the numbers of the items you are ordering Completely fill out the coupon Enclose your payment add 1 50 for service and handling 500 American Eagle Catalog 501 American Innovations Catalog 502 Antique Radio Classified 503 All Phase Video Security Catalog 504 Consumertronics Catalog 505 information Unlimited Catalog Check Service and Handling 1 50 Payment please check one Total for items selected Name City State Zip A M A 2 00 506 Mouser Electronics Catalog Free 6 00 507 A M C Sales Inc Catalog 5 00 4 00 508 California Digital Catalog 2 00 2 00 509 RNJ Catalog 2 00 3 00 510 EDE Spy Outlet Catalog 5 00 2 00 511 IEC Catalog 2 CO Money Order Total Enclosed Mail to CATALOG SUPERMARKET P
59. chines controllers and others mentalMAX provides the digital simulator SuperSIM This comes with 150 common TTL and CMOS models You can stimulate circuits with a built in virtual pattern generator and view results in a logic analyzer window You can also single step a circuit and monitor its progress using virtual LEDs and displays SupeiPCB ASUPERPCBNXEXAMPLE 1 5PC Fle Edt View Style Seng Process Aux UtMies Help Aeee E BREE EE ___ EE PETES PIR YN UE ial x Circuit Board Layout Software mentalMAX comes with the popular SuperPCB program for do ing layouts on printed circuit boards up to 32 x 32 SuperPCB features mil 001 resolution 2 signal layers silk screen paste and solder mask layers It includes industry standard Gerber and Excellon outputs and you can also print your artwork on laser and other printers SuperPCB comes with 150 package parts for both through hole and surface mount devices you can add your own parts In many cases SuperPCB can autematically build a circuit board from just a SuperCAD schematic input using the built in autorouter and auto placement tools You can also layout or edit circuit board artwork using SuperPCB s intuitive easy to learn editing features Buy With Confidence Our products come with a 30 day money back guarantee and free unlimited technical support Free Functional Demo You can obtain a free demo from the Internet at http www mentala com or give us a call
60. desire of CIE s faculty and staff to see their graduates succeed That is why at CIE we teach not only the hands on practical aspects of electronics technology but also delve into the why behind today s technol ogy Why does it work the way it does The insights to be gained from such a broad rich and comprehensive Name Address GIU man Phone Check for G I Bill YES Please send me more information on CIE s Associate Degree Program CIE s Career Courses World College s Bachelor Degree Program Active Duty education at CIE matches or exceeds those gained through traditional commuter institutes while providing an educa tion schedule to match your commit ments and lifestyle Our patented learning program is specifically tailored for independent study and backed up by a caring team of professiona educa tors who are at your call whenever you need their help At CIE we ll match our training with your background and career goals and help you decide which of the many career courses that we offer suits you best We offer an Associate Degree Program and through our affiliation with World College a Bachelor Degree Electronics Technician Program If you have the sincerity the smarts and the desire CIE can make it happen CIE is already the institute of choice for many Fortune 1000 companies Why shouldn t you be next Veteran AH90 3 Just Training S91U01 98 3 1ejndogd
61. digital paging The technol ogy is being heavily promoted by Kantronics Digital paging transmis sion and reception formats adhere to the same Radiopaging Code No 1 POCSAG signal format used by paging providers Thus most commercial pagers can be con verted to amateur use If you re on packet you already have much of the equipment need ed the Kantronics KPC 9612 TNC handles this mode Kantronics offers pager crystals and will sell refur bished and recrystalled pagers for 2 meters and 70 cm Pagers promise to be useful for amateur emergency communications Packet Networking and Gateways If you re too far away from another station fo make a direct connec tion you can use the nodes or switches of a packet network A wide variety of available networking schemes include digipeaters KA Nodes TheNet NET ROM ROSE X1J TPRS TexNet FlexNet and others Gateways offer access to anoth er type of network usually nonama teur In the radio network world you ll also see references to worm holes amateur links that pass through nonamateur services like the telephone system or the Internet Digipeaters made up the first packet networking schemes but they re largely obsolete today Digipeating short for digital repeat ing allows you to extend the range of your station by retransmitting packets addressed to the digi peater But the links between digi peaters aren t 100 percent effi cient and they re
62. et modem the host PC must imple ment all high level protocols Thus all of the incoming and outgoing data are processed directly by your PC and its software not by your TNC Most recent TNCs and MCPs have this feature You also need your own IP address much like on the Internet AMPRnet volunteer IP address coor dinators issue the IP addresses you have to contact the coordinator in your area for an address But you don t need to memorize the addresses of TCP IP equipped sta tions NOS keeps track of them When you try to contact another station using TCP IP all network rout ing is performed automatically according to the TCP IP address of the distant station TCP IP networks are transparent to most users Most amateur TCP IP networks depend on dedicated switches fo move data through the system Like NET ROM nodes TCP IP switches communicate with each other over high speed backbone links on 222 MHz or 70 cm Many TCP IP users access local switches on 2 meters at 1200 bps while TCP IP switches use backbone links to relay data at 9600 bps or higher HF Digital Communications Modes Packet radio is one of ama teur radio s most popular modes But today s digital world is more than just packet which isn t all that great a communications medium on HF The packet goal of efficiently rapidly and reliably transmitting information between distant stations is still elusive sending data via HF radio is downright tricky lono
63. favorite find the three lowest fares available to your destination How the lowfare finder works is simple First you choose a login ID and password This is because Travelocity will let you save itineraries and actual ly pay for them online using a credit card and a secure browser mode Next you enter the number of pas sengers the type of class you d like to fly picking tow fare with restrictions which seats you in coach yields the best prices and airline preferences The form goes on to let you select what s most important to you in choos ing a flight you ll have to rank factors like price whether it s non stop etc With all the preliminaries set you must then choose the most obvious parameters where you re leaving from where you re going and when you want to travel The same goes for the return leg of your trip You could enter several such segments taking you from place to place if you have a need to get to more than one place that is Once you enter your data you sub mit it wait a moment and before you know it the three lowest fares avail able will Show up on your screen Each gives you all the flight information you ll need to make up your mind The Cars reservation link is similar in that you re presented with a form to fill out online Except here you are asked for the price range and type of car you re looking for along with where and when you ll need it You can even link to rental policies and
64. form more and more functions Besides receiver filtering we re see ing DSP based filters in transceivers MCPs TNCs and radio modems to do such things as generate SSB process speech generate and detect FSK and FM signals and more Best of all with a DSP proces sor it s possible to add practically any mode to your MCP by adding new software PCs in the Radio Hamshack Do you use a PC in your radio shack If so great since you have to have one for at least some of the digital modes Microcomputers perform valuable tasks in the radio ham shack and listening post from doing calculations to cutting down on record keeping time to beaming in on other stations While computers other than the IBM PC and compatibles can be used in the hamshack the IBM PC has pretty much become standard But any computer for which you can obtain terminal emulation soft ware will work in digital communi cations except for CLOVER which requires a CLOVER board installed in an IBM PC Hamshack PC software used to be quite limited and it focused on QSO and contest logging But ama teur software has come a long way since it first appeared in the late 1970s Today hamshack software lets you use your PC for much more including at least a dozen and a half distinct classes of hamshack software applications These applications include Morse Code and radio theory practice instruction and testing computer based radio and station contro
65. gain If you graph power output vs power input the line is a straight line for whatever gain is achieved up to the point where the amplifier begins to saturate When that point is reached the gain begins to drop a little When the gain PO Pin has V IC1 INPUT ERA x OUTPUT C1 zm SEE TEXT Fig 2 This operating circuit can be used with MAR x and ERA x amplifiers See text for com ponent values dropped 1 dB from the linear region we have the Pin value that is the 1 dB compression for that amplifier The other dynamic range measure is the third order intercept point also called TOIP or the IP3 point If you graph PO vs Pin then you will note that the gain for harmonics generated in the amplifier increases more rapidly than the gain for the regular signal At some point usually above the 1 dB compression point the gain for regular signals and the gain for harmonics generated will cross The input signal power level dBm at which this occurs is the IP3 rating In larger quantities e g ten each the prices of these amplifiers are as low as 1 80 and as high as 4 15 depending on type number Dealers will charge considerably more but that is the price of buying small quantities Mini Circuits will accept credit card orders but may have a minimum order Mini Circuits has several kits avail able for those who would like to experi ment with all of the ERA x devices These kits include the K1 ERA for 49
66. get more than just easy instructions YOU GET A FULL ELECTRONICS BIBLE that teaches you everything from basic Yes gt e LOOSE LEAF FORMAT PAGES LIE FLATI PHOTOS CHARTS DIAGRAMS EXPLODED VIEWS 900 Instruction Filled Pages In Wipe Clean Vinyl Binder electronics principles to advanced troubleshooting and repairs UPDATED SUPPLEMENTS About 4 5 times a year we ll send you updated 140 page repair sup plements for all the newest elec tronic products available Examine these supplements at nome FREE for a fult 30 days If you decide to add therm to your Manual they re yours for just 35 00 each plus shipping and handing Theres NO RISK NO OBLIGATION ORDER YOUR 400 PAGE ELECTRONICS REPAIR MANUAL NOW STEP BY STEP FIXES PREVENTIVE INSTRUC IONS HOW TO USE TOOLS OF THE TRADE TEST EQRIPMENT PRIMER MANUFACTURERS SAFETY PRECAUTION DIRECTORY CHECKLIST PARTS SUPPLIERSI ELECTRONICS e PLUS MUCH MORE REFERENCE GUIDE i air Manual FILLED WITH Troubleshooting Diagnostic Tips Step By Step Model Specific Instructions Charts Photos amp Easy To Follow Diagrams PLUS Directory Of Parts Dealers CALL TOLL FREE NOW FOR 30 DAY HOME TRIAL 1 800 222 WEKA FAX 1 800 256 5915 E MAIL 102132 1245 ccompuser ve com WEKA PUBLISHING INC 1077 Bridgeport Ave PO Box 886 Shelton CT 06484 l l v ves
67. including resolution and signal noise Consequently a man ufacturer can t steal a better lux rating at the cost of fuzzy grainy images When you read APEL s test data in Table 1 keep the following in mind Illumination rates the camcorder s ability to record in low light and still capture a viewable image At 10 lux the ES6000 is typical of the higher res olution Hi8 format You l get better indoor movies though if you invest in an inexpensive accessory lamp if only to punch up colors Perhaps a more meaningful mea surement for camcorders is signal to noise It s measured under optimal lighting conditions and shows the amount of usable signal for color Chroma AM and brightness Lumi nance black and white above the threshhold of electrical noise On both video the on tape recording and cam era straight through the lens opera tion output the ES6000 performs well The S N ratio for the camcorder s AFM Stereo recording is quite good Mean while the input sensitivity for the exter nal microphone jack isn t the most sensitive APEL has measured but still means you can equip this camcorder with many affordable accessory mikes White balance rates a cam corder s ability to adjust to different temperatures of light for example sunshine or incandescent to repro duce white purely and thereby cor rectly balanced colors The ES6000 s automatic adjustment performs just fine here Ditto for co
68. input and output impedance over the entire frequency range If impedance matching is necessary use simple transformers to do the job rather than L C matching networks The standard input and output imped ances are 50 ohms impedance matching is not needed in most cases S0 ohms is the standard system impedance for RF circuits except video where 75 ohms is used THE ERA AMPLIFIERS Mini Circuits has continued the tradi tion of constant impedance MMIC chips with the new ERA x series devices While the concept is similar to the MAR X series the specifications are quite exciting The application circuitry is just A b De Ne il REI ww o s ew END Ue Tee Mur COLOR DOT T Li d _ a wv M E si LN o fi a x E 1 ERA x DEVICES B Fig Here are the packages of the MAR x A and ERA x B compared as simple as that of the MAR x indeed it looks the same The ERA x devices are Gallium Arsenide GaAs technology which accounts for their frequency range Some of the devices operate over the range near DC to 3 000 MHz while oth ers operate from near DC to either 4 000 6 000 or 8 000 MHz The near TABLE 1 Frequency Type No Range MHz Gain dB ERA 1 8 000 11 6 ERA 2 6 000 14 8 ERA 3 J ODDO 0 2 ERA 4 4 000 13 9 EHA 5 4 000 19 0 BY JOSEPH J CARR TABLE 2 1dBComp NF IP3 Type No dBm dB dBm ERA 1 13 a 26 EHA 2 14 5 27 ERA 3 11 485
69. is S21u04129 3 Je ndod 7661 Judy Go April 1997 Popular Electronics E N quite low To generate stable currents of 1 mi croampere and lower special con stant current circuitry is required with the ability to go down to zero current no leakage a very desirable quali ty This would allow control down into the lower nanoampere range for measurements of very dry skin con ditions The schematic diagram for the Lie Detector is shown in Fig 1 Basically fhe circuit can be divided into three sections a current generator a visual LED display and a tone generator A standard alkaline 9 volt battery B1 provides sufficient power for the cir cuit More about this power supply later The current generator composed of Q1 2N3906 and Q2 2N3904 and fheir associated components is quite unusual as it allows adjustment down to zero current This is not normally possible with either a current source or a current sink alone By combin ing a source and a sink however it is possible to have one cancel the other by adding equal and opposite cur rents Changing the current in either sec tion will provide a difference current either positive or negative at the out put In this generator Q1 is configured as the current source and Q2 is con figured as the current sink Note that their collectors are directly con nected to each other and the output and that both sections are sym metrical An i
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71. narrow bandwidth hybrid HF system developed by Kantronics Corp G TOR stands for Golay coded Teleprinting Over Radio It maxes use of the error cor rection system created by M J E Golay used in space vehicle com munications to ensure that data transmitted from the vehicle could be recovered despite serious errors caused by noise and interference Like CLOVER the system is very con serving of spectrum space and usu ally takes up 500 Hz or less Reliability and effective data rates generally are superior to both AMTOR and PacTOR modes in fact G TOR sometimes even approach es CLOVER s efficiency Operating using G TOR is fairly simple and is similar to operating AMTOR or PacTOR Spread Spectrum Spread spec trum isn t a discrete modulation scheme Rather it tries to get around the twin obstacles to send ing greater and greater amounts of information frequency congestion and bandwidth It involves slicing a whole band of frequencies into various frequency ranges that it uses almost simultaneously A signal is present only on one frequency at a time but the overall effect is like being able to operate on a whole band of frequencies First allowed by the FCC in ama teur radio in 1980 spread spectrum is still an experimental mode that s lim ited to certain frequencies and implementation methods It requires sophisticated equipment that few amateurs have and it also suffers from the objections of amateurs who do
72. practice easy according to user definable Design Rules It has a familiar easy to learn Windows interface TraxMaker is a truly cost effective package which is sure to handle your most demanding PCB design tasks TraxMaker can be used as a standalone product or with compatible schematic capture products When used in conjunction with CircuitMaker TraxMaker completes a powerful beginning to end circuit design system eter sar hae gm ET TraxMaker Features Delas xole x r a eje oae ejaj Exceptionally easy to learn and operate e 6 signal layers plus power and ground ST 1 inc err s na ME m planes top and bottom overlays and solder and paste masks Built in autorouter which provides routing of 22 3411 entire board individual nets pad to pad ii without net or interactive using ratsnest HESH ile hi esesd sese e Automatic component placement with user ILU sil HER nml ut aji definable placement grid and keep out areas TET aR ee l Full support for both through hole and ny 1 E ls iw See ey surface mount components Output to any Windows compatible printing device Gerber files and Excellon N C drill file Import CircuitMaker Protel and Tango netlists Orthogonal curved and any angle tracks Design objects include tracks pads vias arcs free text rectangular and polygon fills Includes a wide selection of component patterns and new patterns can be quickly and easi
73. range There wasn t much to be heard on the 200 to 400 kHz band which was to be expected given that my antenna was so short as to be nonex istent at those frequencies Even so thought could make out faint Morse signals from an automated aircraft beacon probably a local one In the 1 8 to 4 8 MHz band could hear ham CW Morse signals at both 160 meters about 1 8 MHz and 80 meters 3 5 MHz also heard some typical Donald Duck ham sideband voice signals at 80 meters But the Roamer s BFO beat frequency oscil lator which worked well enough for its intended purpose of making CW sig nals audible was not stable enough to provide the carrier reinsertion required to make the sideband signals under standable Switching to the 4 8 to 12 MHz range found several very strong in ternational broadcasters some using English and some not clustered around 6 MHz Another group was heard clus tered around 9 5 MHz On the top band 12 to 30 MHz couldn t hear much of anything except some faint CW signals in the amateur 40 meter band about 14 MHz agree that this was not an out standing performance But considering that the Roamer is a very minimal set and was operating from a very short antenna the results establish that the radio is now operating pretty much as it was intended to do EB THINK TANK continued from page 59 that goes to pin 6 of C1 reverse D2 and connect R4 s free lead to the
74. ras eir MO 64120 1395 BELSAUW facts and study them in the privacy of your own home i m There s absolutely no obligation and no salesmen will call CHECK ONE BOX ONLY FOR FREE INFORMATION KIT on you So don t delay Mail the coupon todoy YES Without obkgation send free information kit that tells me how can a ean at home to become a professional VCR technician in order to I e I started 3 months ago now earn over 900 a week cam high extra income Dept 62623 N D K New York NY O Interested in a career In Computer Repair Maintenance i S i and Upgrade Dept 64520 i 9 i m H H Denver CO MERE S y H H tt Doubled my income within 6 weeks l ary BEEN l 5 R B Bakersfield CA l ley 0 0 State Zip T tog A Rass reva PSH PSS HASE 17 tall amplified FM antenna Improves reception with weak FM signals 18 dB of gain Includes AC adaptor gain control and 75 ohm coaxial cable terminated with an F connector T When used in conjunction with a cable TV con verter or cable ready VCR this handy device allows you to feed the cable TV stereo signal into your j home sound system for superb audio reproduction of 30DAYMONEY 2 BACK GUARANTEE The digital video stabi lizer will eliminate the constant picture distortion caused by the copyright protec tion on movie videotapes This unit is fully automatic and operates on one 9V battery which is
75. restored it tries to compensate for incom plete data by looking for missing data and filing the gaps PacTOR also adjusts its soeed automatically to changing band conditions PacTOR has built in message storage and can hook up to most APLink systems you can pass traffic interchangeably using PacTOR or AMTOR There also are many PacTOR BBSs on the air CLOVER is a complex and very efficient HF digital communications waveform system and protocol named after its clover like oscillo scope wave pattern The propri etary CLOVER properly recognizes that HF signal propagation may about 500 Hz as compared with about 2 kHz for HF packet and 1 kHz for AMTOR CLOVER uses a four tone modu lation system you can manually or automatically select any of ten modulation formats to adjust to dif ferent conditions CLOVER incorpo rates ingenious adaptive modula tion schemes the more complex high speed modulation formats are used when conditions allow them while the slower less error prone modes are used otherwise To use CLOVER you need a spe cial HF digital modem usually an IBM PC compatible HAL Communica tions computer card along with ter minal software But you won t need a separate interface since the PC card performs this function And while early cards were CLOVER only newer cards have multimode capa bility and offer RTTY both Baudot and ASCII AMTOR and PacTOR First used in 1994 G TOR is a high throughput
76. rules of each company Choosing a hotel is another simple online process What s neat about this reservation system is that you can make special requests And don t just mean whether or not your room is a smoking or non smoking one You can TECHNOLOGY UPDATE How to make your car invisible to radar and laser legally Rocky Mountain Radar introduces a device guaranteed to make your car electronically invisible to speed traps if you get a ticket while using the product the manufacturer will pay your fine If your heart doesn t skip a A beat when you drive past a speed trap even if you s aren t speeding don t bother reading this Wr can t tell you how many times that has hap E The Phazer will pened to me Driving down jam both radar the interstate with m and laser guns pre C 15 control set at eight venting police from miles over the limit l catch measuring your a glimpse of a police car speed parked on the side of the road My heart skips a beat and for some reason I look at my speedometer After I ve passed the trap my eyes stay glued to my rear view mirror praying the officer will pass me up for a bigger fish it seems that as speed detec tion technology has gotten more and more advanced speeding tickets have become virtually unavoidable And although de vices exist that enable motorists to detect these speed traps they are outlawed in many states including mine
77. so with quite good sig nals during the late night hours remember the great island music and especially the Tahitian drumming But By DON JENSEN haven t heard the station for a long time What happened to Tahiti To be honest Maryanne it s been a long time since heard the station too There was some speculation that per haps RFO Tahiti had left shortwave But not long ago DXer Terry Palmersheim visited Tahiti He reported via the Cumbre DX service that the station is for the present alive and well on SW Terry says that RFO still broadcasts on shortwave but only on 15 167 kHz and a local service medium wave fre quency of 738 kHz Other former fre quencies of 6 135 and 11 827 kHz are not in use The station plans to continue on shortwave until the transmitter gives out and then it will not be repaired or replaced Both medium wave and shortwave transmitters are on 24 hours near as could tell Terry reported but the SW is really quite weak even near the site If they are using 20 kilowatts of power you couldn t convince me of that Still according to reports weak sig nals from RFO s 15 167 kHz transmit ter have been heard on occasions in both Europe and North America Keep trying Maryanne HARD TO UNDERSTAND One thing that bothers me about SW is the announcing or rather some of the announcers hear writes Tom Fenner of Rochester NY They re supposed to be spe
78. the VER ts in Satellite programs Bayou oo programs thraughout your home without stringing miles 5f cable everywhere Live video Burau EUR ilm them or urn your camcorder into Network programs ALIATU Baa hooked up to as antenna vou can broad cast its clearsignal to all the others Recoton s v deo broadcasting system clones the accessories cable satellite VCR etc of one TV and broadcasts it to any other TV in your home without wires won t have to You can even watch one program on your main TV while someone else watches something different on another TV It s just like having a per sonal broadcasting system in your home and it s legal in every state Hi tech home broadcast Recently the Federal Communications Commission allocated a band of radio frequencies specifically for wire less in home product applications Recoton took advantage of the FCC ruling by creating and introducing wireless equipment that can transmit within the prescribed frequency over distances of up to 150 feet One transmitter un limited receivers One transmitter will operate an unlimited number of receivers This means that a transmitter in the den can send signals to a TV in the living room kitchen bedroom and anywhere else you may have a TV Keco ton puts your favorite programs where you want them most Unlimited choices Since the broadcasting system uses the latest in 900 MHz frequency signals there s no
79. them in its black and white viewfinder but you can t see enough detail color or otherwise to know whether servicing is required So you have to supply a TV set as well but most people should have no trouble locating a color TV they are quite common these days All of the basic maintenance supplies such as cleaners and lubri cants are supplied with the course These include video head cleaner lintless swabs chamois wands grease and rubber revitalizer Sur prisingly these supplies are all you need to service most of the cam corders you ll see That s because more often than not al a cam corder needs to get it working again is a good cleaning and lubrication of its moving parts And sometimes all a slipping belt or tire needs is a quick application of rubber revitaliz er which both cleans the rubber and makes it grippy again Material is included in the course to familiarize oneself with VHS tapes and how they operate Continued on page 16 Connect the with your AOR AR2700 The Scout with its revolutionary Reaction Tune feature can tune the AOR Model AR2700 to the frequency it captures in less than one second No more scanning through an entire band of frequencies hoping to find that one elusive unknown signal The Scout will lock onto and capture into memory all nearfield frequencies up to 400 while simultaneously tuning the AR2700 to the recorded frequency Take it along to a sporting event a
80. two stations con nect The station with data to trans mit sends three characters then waits for the other to send an acknowledgment This activity makes for the chirp chirp sound of AMTOR ARQ signals and it means that each station transceiver must switch from sending to receiving mode quickly Each station also has to turn the link over to the other sta tion at the end of each exchange Before you operate AMTOR ARQ mode you have to choose a selec tive call identifier or SELCAL a series of letters of your choosing that you use to establish the link Most ama teurs use some combination of let ters that match part of their callsign Unlike in ARQ mode in FEC mode one station can communi cate with many others at once since there s no back and forth acknowledging of data FEC gets its error Correction capability from time diversity in which it sends char acters twice In FEC mode you can call CQ to make contacts Both AMTOR and packet are popular on HF but performance TH Bete B ei ted P Ir ARE THEA BIEI PE a ie MS V V bitki FEH LONE UN PRISECOPMEN F4 jenem voc eu enm Ti eave re TEMP FILE DE nre nit z WATEREN tj Color Slow Scan for the Sound Blaster SSTV software from Harlan Technologies offers 1 Eum Ei us Icd REM Fun m cR arene eod E ERO HO Add mm LLILISJTLIEMEMLIL 2564 ule color SSTV send and receive using your PC and its sound card Color and black and whit
81. vA Handbook HOMER L DAVIDSON 015676X XX 69 00 Counts as 2 weep ee Troubleshooting amp Repairing Compact Disc Flayars ine Haner Davidzes re sapje 0157626 24 95 0052387 28 95 Hardcover How to test almost Irogbiesbostmg amp Repaming VCRs andert t Fondman 0241996 44 95 Hardcover Basic Electronics Course 2ra eral 1574875 19 35 As a member of the ELECTRONICS BOOK CLUB you ll enjoy receiving Club bulletins every 3 4 weeks containing exciting offers on the latest books in the field at savings of up to 50 off the regular publishers prices If you want the Main Selection do nothing and it will be shipped automatically If you want another book or no books at all simply return the reply form to us by the date specified You ll have at least 10 days to decide If you ever receive a book you don t want due to late delivery of the bulletin you can return it at our expense Your only obl gation is to purchase 3 more books during the next 12 months after which you may cancel your membership at any time And you ll be eligible for FREE BOOKS through our Bonus Book Program A shipping handling charge and sales tax will be added to all orders All books are softcover unless otherwise noted Publishers Prices Shown A Complete Guide to TROUBLESHOOTING AND REPAIRING CONSUMER ELECTRONICS WITHOUT __A SCHEMATIC Mewes t Donridtsn
82. volt 50 watt lamp connected to the Lighting System as opposed to that used by a stan dard light fixture Keep in mind that the light output by the Lighting system lamp is equal in brightness to that of the conventional light fixture The efficiency of the System can translate into very tangible savings on your electric bill For example if you have a lamp that needs to stay on 24 hours a day seven days a week you should save approxi mately 100 a year Circuit Description The schematic for the Lighting System is shown in Fig 2 Plug PL1 connects to a stan dard 117 VAC outlet to provide power for the circuit A capaci tive resistive filter made up of C and RS eliminates SCR tracking of Conduction Angle Lamp Voltage Degrees Volts the AC source voltage 1 is the power switch Capacitors C2 C4 are used fo prevent undesirable triggering of SCRI SCR3 from transient voltage and for this reason are connected between the gates and cathodes HIGH EFFICIENCY STANDARD 20 Fig 1 As shown in this bar graph a 30 volt 50 watt lamp connected to the High Efficiency Lighting System uses only 10 percent of the power used by a convention al light fixture of the thyristors Decoupling against line voltage transients acting on unijunction transistor Q1 is provided by capacitor C5 As a result posi tive or negative transients on the unijunction supply voltage will not trigger QI Transisto
83. winter Cool It off In the summer SmartStart Rea Time ciock based Programs like a Mcs 100 CR The engine starts at the times you set up to 4 start times per day Also set the run time day and time Start and stop the engine and honk the horn with a 2 channel key chain transmitter up to 300 ft away Plaos and parts list only 14 00 each SISEH send cueck of M O o Modern Circuit Solutions Corporation 2 P O Box 212 Cedarburg WI 53012 212 TouchStart MCS 200 A For Professionals Who Know The Difference Oscilloscopes Video Sync Test Generators wz VVaveform Monitors Vectorsccpes EFP ENG Instruments amp RF Signal Level Meters w Audio Generators amp Meters w Frequency Counters sr Meters amp Bridges Power Supplies er Function Generators HF Generators Products International 8931 Brookville Road Silver Spring Have make and mode number of equipment used in your area Test Instruments Equipment Tools amp Supplies For Electronic Production Maintenance amp Service MD 20910 800 638 2020 Fax 800 545 0058 CIRCLE 144 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD HOME AUTOMATION World s Largest Se Hundreds of hard to find automation X 10 and wireless control products Computer interfaces software development toois light ing control telephone systems security systems survaillance cameras infra red audio video control HVAC pet care
84. you enjoy real time conversations TCP IP and Packet Radio Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol or TCP IP is a suite of protocols used over the Internet Amateur TCP IP nets referred to collectively as AMPRNet use an adaptation of Internet TCP IP protocols TCP IP protocols provide a high level of flexible intel ligent packet networking that isn t possible with AX 25 Actually TCP IP software emulates many TNC func tions so you aren t limited to the functions programmed into the TNC which now can be pro grammed to do much more TCP IP networks are mostly local and regional But TCP IP enthusiasts see a future when the entire coun try and perhaps the world will be linked by TCP IP using microwave and satellites Presently most TCP IP activity is on 2 meters and 70 cm What are some of the benefits of your using TCP IP in addition to its inherent ability to multitask do sev eral things simultaneously Let s take a brief look at some benefits With TCP IP you can send mail reliably You need only prepare the message and leave if in your own TCP IP mailbox Your PC will attempt to make a connection and deliver the message directly there are no PBBSs involved The message packets travel through the net until they reach the other station In the meantime you can talk fo or receive mail from the other station If someone can t connect to you because you re not on fhe air their PC holds the message and
85. your DMM to read cur rent on its 200 A scale Connect the common DMM lead to the junction of R8 R9 and pin 3 of IC1 and the positive lead to J4s center conductor s91u04129 3 1ejndod 7661 judy 33 April 1997 Popular Electronics PARTS LIST FOR THE LIE DETECTOR SEMICONDUCTORS ICI LM358 dual op amp integrated circuit IC2 CD4046 CMOS phase locked loop integrated circuit IC3 LM3914 dot bar graph display driver integrated circuit Qi 2N3906 PNP transistor Q2 2N3904 NPN transistor DI 1N4148 silicon switching diode DISP1 10 segment LED display RadioShack number 276 081 or equivalent LEDI LED2 Infrared light emitting diode LED3 LED4 Light emitting diode red RESISTORS All fixed resistors are Vi watt 5 carbon film units R1 5000 ohm single turn trimmer potentiometer R2 7500 ohm R3 470 000 ohm R4 R6 R9 10 000 ohm R5 10 000 ohm audio taper panel mount potentiometer RadioShack number 271 172 or equivalent R10 100 000 ohm linear taper panel mount potentiometer RadioShack number 271 092 or equivalent R11 22 000 o0hm R12 2000 ohm CAPACITORS C1 C2 C6 C7 C9 0 1 pF monolithic ceramic C3 C4 100 pF monolithic ceramic C5 CI0 I LF solid tantalum electrolytic C8 0 1 yF Mylar ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATERIALS BZ Piezoelectric speaker element RadioShack number 273 091 or equivalent PLI PL3 RCA type phono plug Strain relief
86. your store please circle 180 on Free Information Card the polygraph instrument or lie detector as it is commonly known Atypical unit will monitor respi ratory rate heart rate and galvanic skin response GSR as a subject is being questioned Some units also use an EEG to monitor brain waves A skilled operator supposedly can de termine if the subject is being truthful or not Of all the components of a typical polygraph the easiest circuit for a hobbyist to reproduce is the GSR monitor which will indicate relative changes in skin resistance Such a de vize is the basis for the simple Lie De fector described in this article While it only lets you perform one of the tests of a traditional polygraph the Lie De tector could still provide you with hours of fun and might even help you catch a fibber J ust about everyone is familiar with GSR Basics While most hobbyists know how to measure resistance in a circuit few know how to measure it in skin Let s take a brief look at how that is possible Skin resistance varies at the rate of about 0 01 to 0 5 Hz under normal at rest conditions However the factor most important to us is the degree of perspiration which drastically affects skin resistance under certain condi tions As your skin has an average of 500 to 600 sweat glands per square inch a simple set of non invasive elec trodes is all that is required for gooc skin contact assum
87. 00V 700V STRD 1005 SANKEN 1 4 15 consumer electronics Cleans in one step no 1 9 9 L STR 30130 SANKEN 1 2 66 rinsing required Contains no ozone depleting ORDER N 50 815 STRS 630 SANKEN 1 8 50 ds CFC and HCFC f TA 7777N TOSHIBA 1 6 96 compounds an ree TDA 2005 SGS 5 1 49 Not for use on energized equipment 12 5 Oz aerosol 12 cans per case LOGIC Probe EDE 2 ORDER N 251 1015 sr j COLOR CODED e VCR ALIGNMENTTOOL KIT Length 8inches 8 99 Range 4 5 To LEADS HEAVY DUTY ORDER Ne 56 500 11 Long Wire Lead e Insulated 1 Alligator Clips 20 Gauge Wire Size 10 Leads BLACK GREEN RED YELLOW WHITE ORDER 50 888 e VCR Head puller s Retaining ring remover Spring hook Micro screwdriver e Hex key set Fitted viny Includes Test Leads Compatible With TTL DTL RTL HTL CMOS NMOS Logic suns SOLDER ROLL 1 LB Spool 370 deg F melting point Fastest solder Alloy 60 40 tin lead non corrosive flux Diam 1 2mm gt ORDER N 51 1005 SOLDER WICK Soft zippered case Dimensions 91 2 W X 121 4 L 7 Assorted head amp guide allgners 3 Reverseable screwdrivers Small Flat Philips EU 73 Solder Remover x a g e Length 5 Feet 85e Ja ORDER N251 1050 V 299 we Va MAGNAVOX att AX smart Cable 11 MEE VCR 68 brands TV 77 brands Compact disc and Laser Disc 94 brands Universal Audio video Remote OR
88. 088 or Motorola 68HC11 READS HEX S RECORD AND BINARY FILES ADD 5 00 SHIPPING based system All models come with FAST DEVICES PROGRAM IN UNDER 20 SEC Very 5 00 C O D RUGGED 9 X6 X3 JENCLOSURE W HANDLE MADE EAE j VERE RANN VISA MASTERCARD 32K Byte ROM 32K Byte RAM 2 by 16 Liquid Crystal Display 4 ANnPROMERA PECFARCH PO ROY MITFORD OH ASISA by 5 Keypad Digital Analog and Serial O nterrupts timers Chip ANDROMEDA GO Ee cee lt a ra ORD OH 45150 selects 26 pin expansion connector Bailt in Logic Probe Power a Supply can also be battery Operated Fowerful ROM MONITOR to help you program Connects to your PC tor programming or data logging cable included Assembly BASIC and C programming varies with model Progam disks with Cross Assembler and many well documented program e amples User s Manuals cover all details over 500 pages Completely assembled and ready to use Source code for all drivers and MGNITOR Optional Text Book The portable W ven d Everything you need From 279 Cull for Free Info Pack or see Br ues 2 Money Back Guarantee WEB at http www aesmicro com Te e E JU Printer porto 714 550 8004 FAX 714 550 994 H your PC THE POCKET PROGRAMMER nstand oba internal card Easy to use software that programs E E prom Flash amp Dallas Ram 27 C 28 C F 29 C F 25 series from 16K to 8 Megabit with a 32 pin socket Adapters
89. 1 800 826 5432 _ INTERNET http www allcorp com E MAIL allcorp eG alicorp com NO MINIMUM ORDER All Orders Can Be Charged to Visa Mastercard American Express or Discover Checks and Money Orders Accepted by Mail e Orders Delivered in the State of California must include California State Sales Tax NO C O D Shipping and Handling 5 00 for the 48 Continental United States ALL OTHERS including Alaska Hawaii P R and Canada Must Pay Full Shipping Quantities Limited Prices SubJect to change without notice We Purchase EXCESS INVENTORIES Call Write CIRCLE 28 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD QUALITY CALL WRITE Fay rast MEET Page poate CATALOG DISCOUNT eG AATE PRICING send 2 0 ir a 0 Postage Designed for the traveler to hang 4 on the inside of a hotel door the Datawave KL 1 Security Alert emits loud beeps and flashing lights when someone knocks or if someone tampers with the door Ideal for hear ing impaired the four high brightness LEDs are easy to see from far away Can be V 3 a j T VN SS H i Bu rg S P i d Up switched for audible alarm with lights or lights only Requires 50 3 AA batteries each not included CAT KL 1 SMALL STEPPER MOTOR Unipolar two phase 6 lead step e per motor 53 ohm coil A Operates well on 12 Vdc i 15 degree per step Motor body is 1 diameter X 0 5 0 08 2mm diameter shaft is 0 365 long The sha
90. 1K 50 RADIOSHACK 276 2018 49 15V OUTPUT Fig 3 Here s a compression type amplifier that can be used to keep the volume level of an organ constant R1 10K dh 2N4401 R2 ula 10K SAS1 GE ST 4 C1 OR 100 ECG6405 25WVDC D2 R3 HOT 1N4004 10K 7 TO 100 WATT TR1 117VAC R4 3300 NEUTRAL Y RADIOSHACK 4276 1000 Fig 4 With the component values shown this flasher circuit has a rate of approximately once per second PL1 TO 117VAC E SCR1 25A 300PIV R2 R3 1000 1009 1 2 WATT 1 2 WATT C1 C2 50 50 150WVDC 150WVDC Fig 5 Add this circuit to a single speed drill to make it a variable speed one voltage references and regulators Now let s look at Craig s work PULSE GENERATOR came up with a nifty pulse genera tor shown in Fig 2 which as you ll see can generate more than simple pulses Timing capacitor C1 is charged by bat tery B1 through R1 until Q1 is forward biased and starts conducting When this occurs a forward base bias is applied to Q2 through Q1 and R3 As Q2 starts conducting a pulse is made across collector load R6 which is cou pled back to Q1 s base through C2 and series resistor R5 That drives Q1 to rapidly discharge C1 and then the cycle starts over In essence Q1 and Q2 form a high gain amp with C2 providing positive feedback Diode D1 reduces C2 s recovery time while R8 estab lishes Q1 s base bias level and thus t
91. 300G Rugged High Quality DMM with Rubber Boot 19 00 Switchable Scope Probe Sets Selectable X1 Ref X10 These high cedi A quality scope probe sets are for oscillo iq scopes up to 60MHz model HP 9060 or SOMHz model HP9150 Both setsinclude a handy storage pouch and include an IC test hook adapter for the probe The BNC connector rotates to avoid cable tangle or kink Cable length is 1 4 meters PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 10 100 HP 9060 Scope Probe Set DC 60MHz 16 49 14 49 11 58 HP 9150 Scope ProbeSetDC 150MHz 24 95 2195 18 62 Etching Chemicals Ferric Chloride A dry concentrate that mixes with water to make pint of etchant enough to etch 400 sq inches semiconductor junction In mV test cur rent of 1 5mA Max ohFE Test Measures transistor hFE S SEE OUR ON LINE CATALOG AT WWW Cir com LA uu Positive Photo Resist Pre aoon Kaun S Sensitized Printed v a Circuit Boards Bo gt _ These pre sensitized printed circuit boards are ideal for small produc tion runs They provide high resolu J tionand excellent line width control mwas High sensitive positive resist coated on loz copper foil allows you to go direct from your computer plot or art work layout No need to reverse art Single Sided loz Copper Foil on Paper Phenolic Substrate PRICE EACH m CAT NO DESCRIPTION PPIO1 lO0mmx150mm 3 91 x5 91 2 55 1 90 1 70 PPll4 ll mmx 165mm A 6 x 6 6 2 98 2
92. 40 feet away from the receiver The original RemoteFoint basically had just primary left and secondary mouse buttons In addition to those buttons the new RemotePoint Plus has four extra buttons that can be assigned to as many as 15 functions Bv MARC SPIWAK TECHNICAL EDITOR WINDOWS MAGAZINE Game Pad This one looks and feels like the handle bars from a futuristic miniature motorcycle It s very comfort able to hold and all of the buttons are easy to access The game pad has 6 action buttons an 8 way cross key pad and 2 trigger buttons It works with games running under Windows 95 or in an MS DOS box in Windows 95 Because it s a digital controller with exotic new drivers the game pad won t work with a lot of older software It Interlink s RemotePoint Plus is a handheld wireless infrared IR mouse In addition to primary left and secondary mouse buttons it has four extra buttons that can be assigned to as many as 15 to access presentation tools start games mute sound launch a Web browser and so on Scftware bundled with the device provides more than 50 presentation screen tools including an on screen highlighter laser pointer em ulator underliner and more Anyone who does business presentations will definitely want to have a RemotePoint Plus It has a Suggested list price of 199 95 THE SIDEWINDER This month I ve also got a new con troller from Microsoft the SideWinder functions to access presen
93. 457 5375 457 55 460 8875 461 0375 461 0875 461 5375 464 9625 466 0375 466 8075 466 5375 468 3875 and or 469 9625 MHz If you re at a KFC don t be a chick en Try 30 84 31 00 33 40 154 57 170 305 457 5875 457 60 460 8875 461 0875 462 75 462 7625 465 8875 467 8125 and or 467 8875 MHz Keep in mind that you won t hear anything if you drive much beyond the limits of the parking lots of these places because they use short range equip ment Some places use single frequen cy simplex systems in which case you will hear both sides of conversa tions Otherwise they are transmitting and receiving on different channels and you ll pick up only half of what s being said unless you use two scan ners Two scanners You wouldn t go that far would you Oh dear continued on page 69 S21u04129 3 1ejndog 7661 Judy N J April 1997 Popular Electronics CLAMP ON AMMETER Wavetek s Model AD105 clamp on ammeter is designed for the installa tion testing verification servicing and troubleshooting of today s electrical systems and equipment Its clamp style allows for both AC and DC amp measuring and frequency test in a non invasive manner for quicker and safer current measuring The Model AD105 features a large LCD readout autoranging true RMS measuring and a peak hold button Hall effect technology allows for the measuring of both AC and DC current to 1000 amps and frequency to 10 kHz The ammeter
94. 505 NOW 1095 Save 410 Was 1815 NOW 1395 Save 420 1 05GHz Series Model 2625 2395 Model 2630 w tracking generator 2995 500MHz Series Model 2615 1595 Model 2620 w tracking generator 1895 s m n V 422 40MHz Was 965 V 1065A 100MHz w Cursors NOW 765 Save 3200 Was 2139 NOW 1565 Save 574 E IEEE 24 ww sss V 525 10MHz w Cursors V 1560 100MHz Was 1790 EE J Was 1355 NOW 955 Save 400 NOW 1490 Save 300 L 99B 2095 Call or write for complete specs 5 2 50MHz Was 1195 V 1565 100MHz w Cursors NOW S850 Save 6345 Was 1960 NOW 1595 Save ais V 555 50MHz w Cursors Was 1375 NOW 975 Save 400 V 252 20MHz 41 9 WE WILL NOT BEUNDERSOLD C amp S SALES INC 15 DAY MONEY BACK UPS SHIPPING 48 STATES 5 150 W CARPENTER AVENUE GUARANTEE OTHERS CALL FOR DETAILS WHEELING IL 60090 FULL FACTORY WARRANTY f FAX 847 520 9904 847 541 0710 PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE IL Residents Add 8 Tax http www elenco com cs_sales m CIRCLE 32 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD s51u01129 3 1ejndog Z664 judy Md Qn April 1997 Popular Electronics The ZEIT 1 acron Radio Controlled Clock All World Time Zones with Precise Time Tell Time by the Atomic Clock that governs time for radio stations and space flights Sets Self By The NIST Radio Waves WWVB 60KHZ Direct Link With World s Most Ac
95. 766 judy awh April 1997 Popular Electronics 20 Become Your Own Travel Agent sk anyone in the industry and they ll tell you that travel agen cies are in trouble Such forecasters of doom will explain how times are tough and people aren t going away on trips anymore suppose they might be right However this month I m going to add my own reason why conventional travel agents might lose some sleep it seems that there is a brand new way to make your airline hotel and car rental reservations all without the Fai get gaboui going to Gavel ep Or E for flight mem mation 1 Travelocity lets Son arrange all your getaways online help of another living soul Welcome to the age of do it yourself trip planning all made possible by your computer modem and Net connection found a travel site on the Web that S so comprehensive covering any others in detail this month would only use up space So decided to focus on that site and briefly mention a few others Let s get to our premier online marvel shall we TRAVELOCITY Our featured site this month is one that l m not only impressed with but somewhat addicted to as well Called Travelocity it s sure to handle just about any travel concern you might y eft qum dichxe gc duet ek inci iran io mg Ears BOO AAs olen M M XX have Actually you re presented with so many options once you log on that lm going to have a difficult t
96. 8 R1 4 7K R2 10K Hie 144011 cee 14 4011 P Fig 7 Here s a simple CMOS coin toss circuit Make sure to adjust R3 to a 50 duty cycle SOLID STATE DRILL SPEED CONTROL Drilling holes in different types of metals plastic etc is often easier with a variable speed electric drill If like me you don t own a multi speed drill you can add the little circuit shown in Fig 5 to a single speed drill to make it more useful The bridge rectifier BR1 provides the full wave pulsing direct current for the SCR switch SCR1 BR1 should be rated at 200 PIV and have a current rating of 10A while SCR1 should have a PIV of 300V and a current rating of 25A Diode D1 is used to counter the back voltage developed by the drill motor D1 can be rated at 2A The speed of the drill is varied by R1 Also try using the circuit with a soldering iron Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA I d recommend using this circuit with a soldering iron rather than a drill Coils tend to heat when driven with pulsating DC especially when the current is sud denly turned on mid phase repeatedly PORTABLE SCOPE CALIBRATOR developed a simple circuit for cali brating scopes or other equipment see Fig 6 Ideally the Zener diodes should be matched with a total voltage of 10 volts Unable to obtain a perfect match assembled my model using a 5 6 volt Zener for D1 and a 4 5 volt diode for D2 providing a nominal 10 1 vo
97. ALOG SUPERMARKET All Phase Ue ecit Inc The Al Phase Video Security Catalog contains electronic test equipment cable TV convertors connectors and cable accessories Video sur veillance equipment video cameras monitors etc Power supplies metal detectors power line stabilizers and UPS s Cables for audio Tele phone connectors amp accessories Hand tools PA sound equipment DJ lighting effects amp sound systems Car Radios C B s amp two way radios Solder amp soldering equipment Security mirrors 2 00 number 503 in coupon American Eagle Publications American Eagle Publications offers a unique cat alog of educational information about computer viruses computer hacking security and Cryp tography that you just won t find anywhere else The information offered here goes far beyond the vague descriptions offered by most publica tions giving you the solid how to information you need if you want to explore these little discussed subjects from a technical point of view 2 00 number 500 in coupon Circle the numbers of the items you are ordering Completely fill out the coupon Enclose your payment add 1 50 for service and handling 500 American Eagle Catalog 501 American Innovations Catalog 502 Antique Radio Classified 503 All Phase Video Security Catalog 504 Consumertronics Catalog 505 Information Unlimited Catalog O Check Service and Handling 1 50 Payment please
98. AX4 49 EPROM 1G TO 512K ployee or open your e 369 XELTEK SUPERPRO II 69 EPROM 1G TO IMEG own business Send or EY 409 XELTEK SUPERPRO HIP 99 EPROM 4G TO 1MEG call 24 hours a day for uy i san EEPE PEro ee cabs dh 249 XELIEX SUPERPROL 199 EPROM 16G TO 1 MEG free career literature A BE si O 165 XELTEK ROMMASTER It 89 EPROM 1G TO 8MEG T mm D Tuc g 479 MOD MCT EMUPA 129 EPROM 4G TO 8MEG Call 800 223 4542 n ABL ST 739 STAG ORBIT 32 250 EPROM 8G TO 8MEG i i F y 2 Name SSC Ae i iu M o m T Em 1 O P Address Phone ee BERE a 3 LABTOOLAB MICROMASTER ALLMAX PLUS ROMMASTERZ City State Zip 3 i Base2 Comp ier Cobro 5 The School of PC Repair Sales 408 241 7376 Fax 241 6375 BBS 983 1234 6065 Roswell Road PCDI Web www generaldevice com E Mail iedevice best cor P O Box 950 Pasadena CA 91102 L Dept JJE341 Atlanta Georgia 30328 818 583 5525 A AA A A A eee mA http Avww loop com base2 d ao April 1997 Popular Electronics d o CABLE TV Converters amp Descramblers SMALLEST Wireless Video Transmitters Used by hundreds of hobbyists and professionals alike in R C models Robots Surveillance Video movie Special Effects and Law Enforcement Compatible with Jerrold Scientific Atlanta Pioneer Oak amp Hamlin Equipment previously used expensive wireless units from Paiko MVP
99. AY TECHNICAL SUPPORT FREE Powerful DC OPERATING POINT YES AC FREQUENCY YES TRANSIENT YES FOURIER YES NOISE _ YES DISTORTION YES 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE VERSION 5 0 FOR WINDOWS 95 NT 3 1 Upgrades from previous versions 79 ALL 800 263 5552 S7 ANALYSES VIRTUAL TEST INSTRUMENTS EKFUL NEW VERSI VON Electronics Workbench CHAINE CHAINE INTERACTIVE IMAGE TECHNOLOGIES LTD 908 Niagara Falls Boulevard 068 North Tonawanda New York 14120 2060 Telephone 416 977 5550 TRADEMARKS ARE PROPERTY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE HOLDERS OFFER I IN U S DOLLARS AND VALID ONLY IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA Ail ORDERS SUBJECT TO 15 SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGE Fax 416 977 1818 Internet http www interactiv com CompuServe 71333 3435 BBS 416 977 3540 E mail ewbGinteractiv com CIRCLE 13 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD APRIL 1997 Vol 14 No 4 ular Electronics COVER STORY A GERNSBACK PUBLICATION 31 Build a Lie Detector Popular Electronics Find out who s telling the truth with this Galvanic Skin Resistance Build monitor Just prass two fingers on the Detector s electrodes and you re all set It s great for parties or even classrooms The Lie Detector can also be used as a biofeedback device by providing you with a visual and audible indication of how your skin s resis tance is changing Skip Campisi perdis e LEM EL N Fiad cut atis s telling e Huth ie jos lea
100. Bible Steve N7HPR Spread Spectrum It s Not Just for Breakfast Any More In the Digital Communications column QExX June 1995 Bible Steven N7HPR and Greg Pool WH6DT Amateur Radio on the World Wide Web QST June and July 1995 Ford Steve WB8IMY Exploring the Internet QST September through December 1994 Ford Steve WB8IMY Gateways Amateur Radio Meets the Internet QST January 1995 Ford Steve WB8IMY KiSSes POPs and Pings QST June 1995 Hershberger Dave W9GR DSP an Intuitive Approach QST February 1996 Kleinschmidt Kirk NTOZ Go Digital QST September 1994 Packet Bulletin Boards Ham Radio s General Store In the Basics column no author stated CQ VHF June 1996 Rotolo Don N2IRZ A Packet Networking Primer CQ VHF June 1996 Townsend Jay WS7I CQ Reviews The HAL Communications P38 HF Radio DSP Modem CQ October 1995 ble though the ups and downs of HF transmission generally limit its successful use to VHF and UHF Many amateurs and SWLs also enjoy receiving government WeatherFax WeFax broadcasts which often originate from weather satellites to obtain a graphical depiction of the weather The bulk Of this activity lies below the ama teur 2 meter band in the 137 138 MHz range using AM video subcarri ers and at 1691 MHz using FM trans mission formats You can use SSIV to transmit black and white or color still pic
101. Catalog 7 Now you can tune in your favorite cable TV programmin and SAVE 100 S EVEN 1000 S on premium CABLE TV EQUIPMENT MODERN ELECTRONICS 1 800 906 6664 2125 S 156TH CIRCLE OMAHA NE 68130 gt vV a N U Q pe A m D 2 o 2 CABLE T V Buy Direct From the Whoiesaler We will match or beat any advertising Save Tocom Pioneer Jerrold Century Panasonic CONTROL YOUR WORLD sO rds amp kits http ZO0rinco com or calf 206 282 6061 CABLE TV MON D O TRONICS To RGR Zenith and more 1 Year Warranty 30 days money back Visual Concepts 1 888 838 4444 Pare y x oe e z 23 US x A o a dienn H4 So 3 a UG x 4 w Pl rri as AR n SOR Ars E net fe p 2 2 CABLE TV descramblers converters Quantity discounts 30 day free trial Competitive prices s MODELS Robots 524 San Anselmo Ave 107 124 9 ATTN CABLE box owners Order your ID signal stopper now Send 23 00 to R R ENTERPRISE Box 3532 Easton PA 18043 CABLE descrambling new secret manual Build your own descramblers for cable and subscrip tion TV Instructions schematics for SSAVI gated Sync Sinewave some free methods HBO Cin emax Showtime UHF Adult 12 95 2 00 postage CABLETRONICS Box 30502PE Beth esda MD 20824 CABLE TV equipment amp accessories Whole salers welco
102. DER N9 82 1055 Controls basic functions of TV VCR cable box and CD or laser player Ergonomic design Main buttons are in line with natural thumb motion Two mlnute memory al iows time to replasce batteries without re programming Programming reminder sticker inside battery compartment Sleep time for 60 30 or 15 minutes according to your TV Set key recessed to prevent accidental deprogramming Spanish Instruction included Requires four AAA Batteries not included 4225 N W 72nd AVE MIAMI FLORIDA 33166 TEL 305 716 1016 FAX 305 594 6588 CIRCLE 150 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED _ 8 SOLDERING STATION 64 Adjustable Temp 300 F 790 F 150 C 480 C Grounded Tip for Soldering Static Sensitive Devices Heater Aid Led Power Temperature Indicator Overheat Protection W Temperature Control Auxiliary Grounded Terminal Comes in digital LED display 48 Watts Soldering iron ORDER N 51 1035 QHV2 NOILVINBHOJNI 33H4J NO EPL 3 10HIO April 1997 Popular Electronics lt E EE RELAYS LIGHTS MOTORS aj9josqo IWI J9ABU 00 D S 1no yey ainsua ued NOX Kiowa use p oi Suoijounj iuauinusui 3u peojuAop WI Nos EUU e doo g 3o 1eourT 135 o DQ uonnjosa1 ZH eu9juj e LUIJU e uloju TEMPERATURE PRESSURE LIGHT LEVELS HUMIDITY ZHW OC2G ewa xg euR xg BUIOIX gt SWITCH POSITION
103. ECHNOLOGY TODAY INC PO Box 240 Massapequa Park NY 11762 0240 USA and Canda only US funds CRYSTAL Set Handbook Visit antiquity by PET radios your grandfather built Assem ble a Quaker Oats rig wind coils that work and make it look like the 19205 A 10 95 plus 4 00 for shipping and handling CLAGGK INC PO Box 4099 Farmingdale NY 11735 US funds only USA and Canada no foreign orders HEATH COMPANY is selling photocopies of most Heathkit manuals Only authorized source for copyright manuals Phone 616 925 5899 8 4 ET HACKERS catalog Hard To Find kits and as sembled equipment Red box SPY cable etc Low prices 1 00 SMITH 05 Box 371 Cedar Grove NJ 07009 ELECTRONIC Project Kits www qkits corn 1 888 GO 4 KITS 292 Queen St Kingston ON K7K 1B8 QUALITY KITS MONITORS made simple Learn to repair com puter monitors Case studies illustrations parts sources manufacturers included 136 pages so t cover 19 95 2 50 shipping Order today Send check or money order to PIKES PEAK PRESS 321 W Henrietta Ave P O Box 1301 Woodland Park CO 80866 719 687 1499 ses ae a a TRANSFER paper for printed circuits with laser or copier excellent quality 30 sheets 8 5 X10 with instructions 24 00 send check or money order to G SANTA MARIA 1602 A Washington Ave Suite 915 Miami Beach FL 33139 ALL in one catalog 60 mouth watering pages CB HAM audio TV spy broadcast science pro
104. Electronic Technology Today Inc P O Box 714 952 2114 FAX 714 952 3280 OSCILLOSCOPES ie from 169 ATC O Scope uses printer port to turn PC AT into Digital Storage Oscilloscope Spectrum Analyzer Freq Counter Logger DVM DC 500KHz Lond ARE YOU LOOKING FOR f 7 NEW AND MOST INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS hard to find world wide products unique lu T A X IF SO WE HAVE JUST THE RIGHT PRODUCTS FOR YOU PRODUCTS FOR ALL AGES CAN BE FOUND IN QUR CATALOGS X THE BEST KNOWN BRANDS SUCH AS IBM ACER ARMNOTE M TOSHIBA NUREALITY QUORUM FUJI PANASONIC AND SO MUCH MORE WE ALSO CARRY A WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCTS LIKE COMPUTERS KEYBOARDS MODEMS MONITORS MOTHERBOARDS CHIPS ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ADAPTERS ARD DRIVES LAPTOPS BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES SECURITY ALARM SYSTEMS ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS SEND 9 00 U S 15 00 CND TO BECOME A LIFETIME MEMBER OF THE GREAT SELECTION OF PRODUCTS THAT MANA ELECTRONICS HAS TO OFFER INSTEAD OF SEARCHING WE SEND IT RIGIST TO YOUR HOME PRODUCTS ARE FACTORY FRESH WARRANTIED AND REFUNDABLE WE OFFER DEALS DISCOUNTS PROMOTIONAL GIFT ITEMS TO OUR MEMBERS WHILE YOU ARE CURRENTLY UPDATED WITH CATALOGS OF EST AND MOST INNOVATIVE ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS AVAILA BLE TODAY Spectrum Print log to disk or export data Single channel units from 169 Accepts standard scope probes Dual channel units from 349 Uses standard printer port Options Small and portable P
105. IALS C1 C3 1 pF ceramic disc capacitor C4 0 047 amp F Mylar capacitor SPKR1 16 to 32 ohm speaker CW key power source wire solder etc lower the oscillator s frequency range make the value of C5 larger and to increase the frequency range reduce C5 s value A general purpose 2N3906 PNP transistor Q1 supplies power to the 567 through pin 4 each time the CW key is closed Meanwhile Q2 a gen eral purpose 2N3904 NPN transistor buffers the oscillator s output and dri ves the speaker Potentiometer R7 sets the output volume WIRELESS TRANSMITTER The next circuit shown in Fig 3 is a low power tone modulated FM trans mitter that can be used with any FM broadcast receiver for real wireless code practice Transistor Q1 and its associated components make up a phase shift audio frequency generator circuit Potentiometer R11 sets the tone frequency Transistor Q2 is connected in a high frequency RF oscillator circuit that operates in the FM broadcast band By adjusting C8 and the size of L1 the entire FM band can be cov ered The audio output tone is coupled to the base of Q2 through C4 R4 and R12 Potentiometer R12 sets the mod ulation level Transistor Q3 operates as a switch turning on the FM trans mitter each time the CW key is closed Coil L1 is a home made air wound coil Take a 6 inch length of 20 gauge enamel covered wire and close wind it around a inch diameter form SEE TEXT
106. IC1 b the inverting amplifier thus the output frequency drops as your skin resistance rises This is desirable as a drop in pitch would indicate a lowering stress level and a rise in pitch would indicate more stress or excitement A high impedance piezoelectric speaker element BZ1 is directly driven by IC2 s output to more than ample sound levels As a result no power am plifier is required The output pitch is variable via potentiometer R10 to whatever range suits the user The visual display is provided by IC3 a LM3914 dot bar display driver and DISP1 a 10 segment light emitting di ode bar graph display ten separate LEDs could also be used if desired The input of IC3 is taken from IC1 a s output thus the display follows the magnitude of your skin s resistance To preserve battery life IC3 is con figured to present a dot display il luminating only one LED at about 6 mA at a time Diode D1 and LED3 set the LED connected to pin L10 of IC3 to have a trip point of about 7 volts while LED4 sets the LED connected to pin L1 of IC3 to have a trip point of about 2 volts Thus the entire display covers about 5 volts at 0 5 volts per step centered around the midpoint of 4 5 volts Jack J2 is also connected to IC1 a s output and provides a DC voltage output equal in magnitude to the volt age drop across your skin resistance This output can be monitored via a DVM or a chart recorder for precise reading
107. IER PROJECTS 1586T From TAB Books A treasure trove of exciting pro SILICON CONT jects using SCR s and other RECTIFIER PROIECTE low cost thyristor devices for 7 RES power control applications In 4 P cludes a sophisticated burglar E alarm system an SCR based smoke alarm system a re mote control garage door open er and a high tech light dimmer a that uses the output from your stereo to modu late the intensity of your lights And then there WELCOME are 20 more To enh for book 1586T JUN 87 QST BY WARREN DION N1BBH FOR GEL CELLS or LEAD ACID BATTERIES Features Precision temperature tracking voltage reference amp three mode charging sequence Standard kit is for 12V 1 2 or 1 Amp user selectable Can be connected to the battery indefinately will not overcharge Weighs 2 pounds and measures 4 W x 5 42 D x 2 4 H Finished enclosure included in kit DEALERS Complete Kit Only 59 95 Assembled amp Tested 79 95 and include your check for 12 95 includes CA Residents add 7 75 sales tax S amp H 5 00 s amp h in US and Canada and order from er price list send legal size SASE 52e to 240 Massapequa Park NY 11762 0240 US neerin ND funds only use US bank check or International A A Enginee g Si money order Allow 6 8 weeks for delivery 2521 W La Palma K Anaheim CA 92801 MAO9 Insured Foreign orders add 20 For more info
108. Modus Signal Generator T Professional Quality Sound Cards BEE nee DOWNLOAD FREE 30 DAY TRIAL www telebyte com pioneer Spectra Plus 4 0 Affordable Signal Processing Software e mail pioneer telebyte com CIRCLE 175 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD HANDS ON REPORT continued from page 10 After ail how can you service a recorder or player when you don t know how the cassette itseif oper ates After that one can open up the camcorder and take a look inside It is important to become visually familiar with the inside of a camcorder before attempting to take it apart After that you can remove whole sections of the cam corder and service them All of the sections inside the camcorder are thoroughly dis cussed The sections include the camera portion that receives and processes an image for recording and the video circuitry that the camcorder has in common with a VCR Servos sensors motors audio circuitry power supplies and every thing else is also covered Once a camcorder is physically back up to snuff all of the adjustments that lead to a clean recording must be performed and the course discuss es these as well As one might imagine the work ings inside a camcorder are gov erned by a microprocessor The course covers all aspects of the microprocessor s operation and how it controls camcorder functions While you ll probably want to start servicing The camcorder as Soon as you ope
109. Most RITY is at a slow 45 bps about 60 WPM in Morse terms as opposed to telephone modems which typically use 9600 to 28000 bps and VHF packet at 1200 bps or higher so just how efficient and effec tive is packet when used under real world rough and tumble HF condi tions The AX 25 protocol isn t an efficient protocol for HE Even using a good radio modem you fre quently get errors with the AX 25 protocol one bad bit makes an entire packet unusable This is the main reason why AX 25 isn t good to use on the error prone channels typically encountered on HF Presently no better packet HF protocol is available However can didates for improved HF digital communications performance include PacTOR G TOR and CLOVER You can expect fo see more exotic modes develop over the next few years Generally to operate HF packet you need an MCP a HF SSB trans ceiver and a PC running an appro priate terminal software program All MCPs today have HF packet capability so do many packet only TNCs You probably already have the SSB transceiver and likely have a PC Actually it s possible to oper ate all HF digital modes except CLOVER without using a computer using a simple data terminal Operating on HF packet is differ ent from VHF UHF packet interfer ence and noise are anathema Whereas you can use 1200 9600 or even higher bps data rates on VHF and UHE and lots of high speed packet equipment is available FCC regs
110. NO DX LISTENING Answering Mail Bb devote most of this month s column to your letters starting off with something very basic Jerry D Amato of San Francisco CA writes How can shortwave sig nals travel such great distances It is a curious phenomenon Jerry particularly since radio signals travel in a straight line while the earth s surface is curved So before the electromagnet ic energy goes too far from the trans mitting antenna it reaches the horizon and heads off into space How then is it possible to hear shortwave broadcasts thousands of miles away from the transmitter site For the answer consider a simple experiment you may have performed back in Mrs Averback s grade school science class You placed a pencil in a glass of water then viewed the glass from the side The pencil seemed to have been broken just at the point where it entered the water It seemed to bend off at a strange angle The reason Mrs Averback ex plained then was that the light waves are affected by the different media through which they pass in this case ordinary air and the more dense water The pencil really wasn t broken it just looked that way because of the effect that these varying media have on the light waves Like light radio waves also are bent when they travel from one medium to a denser one As shortwave signals travel out ward from the earth they encounter the ionosphere a region containing bands of gase
111. NT FOR BUSINESSES INDIVIDUALS amp LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES American Innovations Catalog Featuring Micro Cameras Hidden Cameras Board Cameras Voice Changers Scrambling Systems Tracking Devices Transmitters Bomb amp Weapons Detection Drug Detection Telephone Analyzers Tape Recorder Detection Video De tection Recording Devices Telephone Recorders PBX Security Wireless Video Sys tems Night Vision Bionic Ears Body Armor Air Tasers And Much More 6 00 Includes 10 discount off 1st order number 501 in coupon Electronics Purchasing Manual For same day shipping helpful technical assis tance no minimum orders and broad inventory selection send for Mouser s newest catalog fea turing 68 000 components from 125 leading manufacturers including 3M Amp NEC SGS Thomson Rohmn and more Mouser also pro vides many specialized services including cross referencing same day credit drop shipments scheduled orders and guaranteed pricing Mouser Electronics 958 N Main St Mans field TX 76063 Catalog 800 992 9943 Fax 817 483 0931 http www mouser com E mail catalog mouser com number 506 in coupon EDE Spy Outlet The Latest High Tech Professional Electronic De vices Our latest catalog offers a HUGE selec tion of surveillance counter surveillance priva cy devices hidden video equipment pinhole camera w audio 144 electronic kits telephone recording systems 7 Hour
112. Northfield IL 60093 1214 1 847 559 0555 Fax 1 847 559 0562 bergenrj aol com PACIFIC COAST Mountain States Anita Bartman Hutch Looney amp Assoc Inc 6310 San Vicente Blvd Suite 360 Los Angeles CA 90048 5426 1 213 931 3444 ext 227 Fax 1 213 931 7309 BASIC STAMP COMPUTERS m n Tiny computers run PBASIC programs AN 7 Stamp BASIC Stamps are component sized computers that run PBASIC Starter Kit for 79 programs They have 8 or 16 I O lines which can be used for Contains our original a variety of digital and analog purposes And their language is SELLET HS amp rey both familiar and extensive the language includes FOR NEXT plus sg E N IF THEN and GOTO as well as XOUT SHIFTOUT DTMFOUT and na manual and other special commands If you ve heard about BASIC Stamps but never took the plunge now you can do so for less We now offer a Starter Kit for just 79 The kit contains everything you need to get your feet wet BS1 IC Module 8 1 0 lines 80 instructions max 2000 instructions sec 2400 baud serial I 0 14 pin SIP module I O instructions for pushbuttons po John McLean uses BASIC Stamps to gather data IM in Lechuguilla Cave America s deepest cave lo tentiometers pulse measurement BS2 IC M cated tn Carlsbad Caverns National Park I Module i PWM serial I O sound etc i 16 1 0 lines 99 500 instructions max 4000 instructions sec 50k baud serial 1 0 24 pin DIP module Pr
113. OD Purchase Order Welcome CIRCLE 26 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CALL WRITE FAX FOR FREE CATALOG P O BOX 8089 Princeton NJ 08543 8089 EPROM PROGRAMMING SYSTEM USES PARALLEL PORT 24 28 32 amp 40 PIN 27C AND 25XX 1702 2 708 TM S2716 32 32A 64 64A 128 128A 256 512 513 011 010 101 1001 1000 1024 210 020 2001 220 2048 4001 2 040 080 240 4096 68 764 66 28F256 28F512 28F010 28F020 29C257 29C010 29C040 29F010 29F040 18 24 amp 28 PINSCXX 22 10 2212 2804 2816 2816A 2817 2864 2865 28256 28C010 DS1220 DS1225 DS1230 IAL EEPROMS 8 amp 14 PIN PLUS CXX ER 1400 M58657 2401 02 04 08 16 32 65 2444 u 59C 11 80011A 9306 46 56 66 8572 82 92 1 68 9XX SYSTEM INCLUDES i 16 THROUGH 4 PINS PROGRAMMING UNIT hardware details explained Learn MICROCONTROLLERS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS and PROGRAMMING with the AES learning system embedded control system Extensive manuals guide you through your development project All programming and BIPOLAR PROMS 74SXXX AND Se TA e PRINTER PORT CABLE Complete schematics Learn to COT So C32 SICSXOOC BICTSX R9C5X emjos POWER PACK MANUAL program the LCD keypad digital 68HC705 68HC71 1E9 PIC 16CXX TMS7742 RES eke analog and serial I O for your applications ADAPTER REQUIRED DIAGRAMS INCLUDED SOFTWARE READ VERIFY PROGRAM COPY S 2 89 THREE MODELS AVAILABLE Choose from an DISK FILE LOAD SAVE M FULL SCREEN BUFFER EDITOR W 20 COMMANDS Intel 8051 Intel 8
114. Pana we a E T li EE 1 d to a HP GL iae 3 l C Le i P L P P E 4 i 20MHz ANALOG WITH DIGITAL STORAGE Me CU MP T Ke oL Model2522A Sousie samping rato Ere 00 DRA 4 2K memory per channel 300MHz equivalent time sampling Pee tnigger capture 1 869 95 100MHz THREE TRACE Model 2190A Seccpsitc sna division Dual time base qud 77 7777 78717 peaa 60MHz 40MHz 25 30MHz Ds 603 1350 S 1345 569 ps 303 1095 Analog Digital Storage Analog with Delayed Sweep Analog Digital Storage 20MS s Sampling Rate 6 4549 475 1330 439 o Analog 25MHz Analog S S 1360 749 Delayed Sweep Analag with Delayed Sweep 1325 325 e 25MHz Analog Signal detay line 15KY accelerating voltage 1379 95 60MHz DUAL TRACE Im division sensitivity Model 2160A swoens to Snsidivision Dual time base Signal delay line V mode displays two signals unre lated in frequency Componant tester 49 95 40MHz DUAL TRACE 1mV division sensibv Model 1541 c Video sync pied esti Z axis input Single Sweep V mode displays two Signals unre lated in trequancy Component tester 695 60MHz CURSORS amp READOUTS OUAL TIME BASE Cursors and readouts Model 2260 1mV div sensitivity 23 calibrated ranges main time base 19 calibrated r amp nges delayed time base Signal deiay time V mo
115. S THERMOSTATS LIQUID LEVELS I C0 8 6 SIF xeJ ASdd ass Wd WA WV uonoeiaq ANLA uone JA LOG ising MSA feuss xq pewaiuy Uone JUON woy X9 n 231 dinu VOT6 PO MAA urejunojo S ABA prSUa PP IA SSHZ S a8 Osje noy jeusis padde K Teujaixo 10 poiw12uo3 Ajjeusaiut ue Zuisn pouuopiad aq IUISE3JA 9427 120g WO X9 n 3 O S3 US ula 942 1204 PUR uori5913q ANLA SB qns 321nos jeusis 1au1o Aur uo p243jjo 10u isnt ue YOY Jo suoroung uorjeinpoui JO AYISJOAIP pim e pue uorsiaojd pazisouiu s ZH uea NOK s3413 001 DS ALL 0tc0 8 6 SIP Suoije2rdde pue soads 10 gam aui uo sn USIA HY UONPULOsUI 3314 INOA 10J sn xej JO pewa pep 1 NEED A CUSTOM IE Ry us z _ PRAIRIE DIGIT IONE 608 643 8599 F nd 3 643 6754 SEVENTEEN TREE C AUN t deer d CONSIN 53578 asneooq PUY juauainseajq 3J yey suornoung stsA eue jeu i CIRCLE 47 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD ATTENTION CABLE VIEWERS CABLE VI EWERS get back to your BASIC Cable Needs Call 800 577 8775 For information regarding all of your BASIC cable needs 5 GOOD REASONS TO BUY OUR FAR SUPERIOR PRODUCT PRICE EFFICIENT SALES AND SERVICE WE SPECIALIZE IN 5 10 LOT PRICING ALL FUNCTIONS COMPATIBLE WITH ALL MAJOR BRANDS ANY SIZE orver fiLLED WITH SAME DAY SHIPPING We handle NEW equipment ONLY Dont trust last years OBSOLETE and UNSOLD stock BASIC COMPETITIVE PRICING DEALERS WELCOME ELECTRICAL ae
116. Searctes for as low as 190 00 Visa MC accept ed Mirutes from U S patent office P D Box 219 Garrisenville VA 22463 703 551 4050 M F 8am 4 30pm Est KEEP YOUR C BAND SYSTEM RUNNING STRONG Free Buyer s Guide BEST VALUES ON Receivers including 4DTV e Dish Movers amp LNB s all kinds e Tune up Kits Tools amp Parts Skypac Programming Toll Free Technical Help 800 334 6455 www skyvision com WIRELESS QUICK INSTALL TEST BOARDS AND DIAGNOSTIC CUBES FOR ALL CONVERTERS wet ARYONE IMPLYING ILLEGAL USE WILL BE DENIED SALE WE SELL PRODUCTS ONLY TO TECHNICIANS OR CABLE REPAIR FACILITIES 1 IM CUSTOMER SERVICE amp TECH SUPPORT ALL RDERS SHIP WITHIN 24HRS UPS FED X PRIORITY NEXT DAY SHIPPING AVAILABLE SALEx BUY 5 TEST BOARDS AND GET FREE MON FRI BAM 7PM SAT IOAM 2PM EST WEB PAGE HTTP 1 WWW 800 GOCABLE COM SS visuat COMMUNICATIONS INC FOR ORDERS 1 800 GO CABLE CATALOG amp TECH SUPPORT 717 620 4363 EST 1976 vt BE AN ELECTRICIAN Home study Maintain and install electrical systeras wiring utilities phones and more FREE LITERATURE 800 223 4542 Name Age Address City Staib _ Pp ___ The Electrician School PCDI DEPTTEE341 6065 Fosweil Road Atlanta Georgia 30328 ee ee a a a as Phone WE HAVE IT ALL Surveillance Infinit
117. THE COMPLETE PICTURE ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT TEST ACTIVATORS FILTERS 97 106 108 110 REPLACEMENTS FOR ALL SYSTEMS HAVE MAKE AND MODEL NUMBER READY GUARANTEED LOW PRICE SAME DAY SHIPPING CALL NOW 1 888 561 4796 1 YEAR WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS VOID WHERE PROHIBITED Anyone implying theft will be denied assistance Are you overpaying your cable company You are it COMM you are leasing their equipment Forest Electronics Inc offers a complete line of New Cable Decoders and Converters that are fully Compatible with your cable system All systems come with Remote Control amp Parental Guidance Feature Volume Control is also available All Equipment is fully guaranteed amp comes with a 30 day money back option For More Information Call Us 24 Hours a Day At 800 332 1996 FAX 813 376 7801 PC MOUNT POWER RELAY 24 Vdc Potter amp Brumfield T90N5D12 24 24 Vdc 675 ohm coil SPDT con tacts rated 20 amps N O 10 amps N C 240 Vac 1 15 X 0 09 X 0 65 PC terminals UL and CSA listed CAT RLY 55 10 for 18 50 100 for 150 00 SPECIAL PRICE TWIST ON F 56 CONNECTOR We recently made a large purchase of this twist on co ax connector for RG 6 cable Specia pricing while the supply lasts 500 for 50 00 CAT FTO 56R 1000 for 70 00 S VHS VIDEO CORD ___ 1D CE 4 cable with miniature 4 pin mini DIN plugs on both end
118. Tektronix 475 200 MHz 799 00 Tektronix 475A 250 MHz 899 00 The Industry Standard of Oscilloscopes e Dual Channel Calibrated Delayed Sweep e Professionally Refurbished Aligned amp Calibrated to Original Specifications 6 Month Warranty The Longest Available Model OS 9100P 899 00 Full 100 MHz Bandwidth e Dual Channel High Sensitivity e TV Synchronization Trigger e Calibrated Delayed Sweep e Includes Two Probes 2 Year Warranty Jj BK PRECISION NN MAXTEC iren amine a cass Model 4040 499 00 20 MHz Sweep Function Generator 0 2 Hz to 20 MHz 5 digit LED Display e AM amp FM Internal or External Modulation e Sine Square Triangle TTL CMOS Outputs e Burst Operation External 30 MHz Frequency Counter LOWEST PRICES EVER New Fiuxe MULTIMETERS amp TEKTRONIX OSCILLOSCOPES The Industr ndard in Multimeter iur m Fluke Model 87 285 00 on Sate eun EE suus Test Equipment Depot www fotronic com A FOTRONIC CORPORATION COMPANY 1 800 996 3837 P O BOX 708 Medford MA 02155 vexX 00 TOLL FREE 1 800 99 METER Cai atotiatoroniccon I earned 1 000 on just 12 VCR repairs in one week true statement by Paul B oj San Pedro Calijornia MEM How to cash in on skyrocketing field of VCR repair You too can earn up to 85 an ho
119. Wireless Mics AM FM and UHF Transmitters i DEFEATS PMONI TAP DETECTOR All Body Wires Transmitters and Distance Microphones i with its built in white noise generator SOLUTIONS CUBED 3029 F Chico CA Daaa w phone ers 891 8045 fax 916 891 1643 TRVD 900 Transmitter TaPE RECORDER amp ViDEO DETECTION SYSTEM DETECTS Body Wires Whaddya ody TO FM Wireless Mics AM Transmitters UHF tosis Tape Recorders Video Equipment 49500 A Guy Whos Had Alerts User By Vibrating and or Illuminated LEDs The Same Job For 90 Years Has Never Called In Sick Or ohowed Up Late Never Taken A Vacation Or A Holiday Never Asked For A Raise Or Griped About His Bonus And Believe It Or Not Has No WSS 100 WIRELESS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM SEES amp HEARS EVERYTHING 1 64995 L E i c3 Pyy w AAS E mA FEATURES 2 4 GHz Video Audio Transmitter 4 Channel Receiver 300 Transmission Range Black amp White CCD w Auto lris Lens 410 H TV Line Resolution FCC Approved Frequency Send 6 00 Items May Be Purchased by Certified Check Money Order or C O D Quantity for 32 P Ges AMERICAN INNOVATIONS INC Discounts FREE w Purchase 119 ROCKLAND CENTER SUITE 315 NANUET NY 10954 MAN Vouce 914 735 6127 Fax 814 735 3560 ue BENI MP UEMSUDUEITNTTT UT NACO OWN A MACHINE SHOP ie T id
120. a time each is acknowl edged when received When a packet arrives error free the receiv ing station sends an OK an ACK and the next packet is transmitted If a packet isn t received correctly it s retransmitted Most packet is at a slow rate of 1200 bits per second bps although 9600 bps is becoming common Some amateurs even experiment with higher rates Even though the data transfer rates are relatively slow for the moment packet provides low cost global connectivity and it s still clear that higher speeds are on the way Packet radio seems to have three main advantages over sim pler digital modes such as RTTY These are transparency error cor rection and automatic control First transparency simply refers to the fact that a packet station s operation is transparent to you Your Terminal Node Controller TNC automatically packetizes your message keys the transmitter and sends the packets While receiving packets the TNC automatically decodes them checks for errors and displays received messages A packet TNC also can be used as a packet relay station or digipeater second packet radio offers built in error detection and correction When you receive a packet it s checked for errors and displayed only if correct If the receiving sta tion detects an error it discards the faulty packet and does nothing As mentioned earlier after a while without an ACK from the receiving station the trans
121. aking English but their accents are so bad they are real ly hard to understand Well Tom having once traveled across South America with little more to support me than my high school Spanish I m hesitant to criticize any one struggling with my language But on the other hand shortwave stations that are making a conscious effort to reach English speaking listen ers really are fighting a losing battle when that very audience has trouble understanding the programming Peter Bowen recently wrote in the North American SW Association s continued on page 64 Computer Birs Customize Your Greatest Hits Web Page his is part two of a series an putting HTML to practical use Last time we showed how to create a basic greatest hits page that allows you to organize your favorite Web sites This time we ll talk a little more about why such a page is useful and then get into the nitty gritty of how it works Armed with this knowledge you ll be able to customize your page But before we go on let me address a concern that some of you might be having Particularly why bother Internet Explorer Microsoft and Navigator Netscape both provide a means to mark and return to favorite Web sites So why create an external solution There are several reasons One is that use several browsers and need a solution that works with all of them Another is that as the browser lt HTML gt lt HEAD gt TITLE M
122. al Sche matics video and audio Explains DES EPROM CloneMaster Pay per view HBO Cinemax Showtime Adult etc 16 95 2 00 postage Schematics for Videocypher Plus 20 00 Sche matics for Videocypher 032 15 00 Collection of Software to copy and alter EPROM codes 25 00 VCII Plus EPROM binary and source code 30 00 CABLETRONICS Box 30502PE Bethesda MD 20824 DSS Hacking How to construct and program smart cards w pic16C84 software Complete DSS Eom Schematics 16 95 CABLETRONICS Box 30502R Bethesda MD 20824 OBTAINING Sound for your VCII and VCII Plus is easy No codes needed Also DSS Test Card information Details 1 800 211 5635 IMPROVE your satellite picture Focus Max imizer is a diagnostic tool that optimizes feedhorn spacings 26 50 Free brochure WATERSHED ELECTRONIC DEVELOPMENT 800 756 7854 MINIDISH satellite systems surround sound big TVs total home entertainment systems Dis count prices Free information STAR VISION DI RECT 800 899 9707 8am 10pm Pacific ECHO Star Satellite Dish Networks for sale so call about these state of the art systems at 812 295 4240 Trees Make a World of Difference ind out how trees can make a world of difference Apni 1997 Popular Electronics 3 San Anselmo CA 94960 Phone 415 455 9330 Fax 415 455 9333 Email info mondo com A powerful guide to descrambling schemes 10 00 Baseband Video Explained Dis cover what a
123. an go 70 90 miles be tween recharges which take up fo three hours when connected fo c 220 volt source and up to 15 hours when connected to 110 volts How ever under the worst driving condi tions cold weather and hilly roads it might go as few as 40 miles before depleting its batteries It has a sticker price of around 34 000 though it is only currently available for lease In addition Chevrolet and Ford will soon be offering electric powered Chevrolet 10 and Ford Ranger pick ups mainly to commercial fleet oper ators Chrysler s entry in the EV market is the EPIC a Dodge Caravan Plymouth Voyager minivan converted to electric power Many of the world s other major automakers are working on EVs and many independent com panies are also developing them Pressure for Electric Vehicles The impetus for EVs in the U S comes mostly from California Originally the California Air Resources Board CARB mandated that by 1998 2 of the vehicles sold by the major auto makers in California had to be zero emission vehicles ZEV in other words EVs The percentage jumps to 1096 in the year 2003 Mainly because of pressure from the automakers most affected by tha mandate Chrysler Ford GM Hon da Nissan and Toyota who are aided by oil companies and their trade associations the mandate will TREE S91004129 3 1eindog 7661 Judy amp Here s a step by step look at how conductive charging works i
124. and drives the speaker SPKR1 Touching the key paddle and ground plane lowers IC1 a s input gate voltage to near zero allowing the output at pin 3 to go high The tone generator then turns on and sends out an audio note The touch key paddle and ground plane can be made from a circuit board or any other conductible material Note that the ground plane should lie flat for a hand rest and the key paddle should be positioned for ease of touch Any configuration that works best for you is the way to go PLL CPO Our second CPO see Fig 2 uses a 567 phase locked loop IC1 as the vari able tone generator The oscillator s fre quency is set by R6 and the frequency range can be changed by selecting a different value capacitor for C5 To R6 SPKH 1 50K 16 320 Q2 2N3904 Fig 2 This code practice oscillator uses a 567 phase locked loop ICI as its variable tone generator S91004129 3 1ejndog 7661 judy e C April 1997 Popular Electronics 66 PARTS LIST FOR THE PLL CPO Fig 2 SEMICONDUCTORS IC1 567 phase locked loop integrated circuit he Q1 2N3906 PNP general purpose tran Sistor Q2 2N3904 NPN general purpose tran sistor RESISTORS All fixed resistors are 4 watt 5 units R1 47 000 ohm R2 4700 ohm R3 6800 ohm R4 10 000 ohm RS 330 ohm R6 50 000 ohm potentiometer R7 500 ohm potentiometer _ ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATER
125. aporatlon when system is not being used Typical etching time is reduced to 4 minutes on loz copper board REDUCES ETCHING TIME CAT NO DESCRIPTION PRICE 12 700 Etch Tank System 37 08 AC Power Cords SPT 2 Our power supply cords are economt amm a ml cal and practical for OEM and re 33 P dessesscemaee lum placement applications We stock 6 lengths with the open end conve af ae EN niently stripped and tinned 5mm CETT RATING CAT NO SIZE TYPE 125V A LENGTH f COLOR TEMP SPI IBLACK 18 2 SPT 10 6 Black 60 SPI IGRAY 18 2 SPT 10 6 Gray 60 SPT 2BLACK 18 3 SPT 2 10 6 Black 60 PRICE EACH m e 5 CAT NO 10 100 500 Eu SPI IBLACK 88 57 5 46 I m SPT IGRAY 92 6 55 49 ii E 5 SPT 2BLACK 197 121 107 97 B Digital Panel Meters LCD amp LED 3 5 d lcd digital panel meter 3 1 2 Digit LCD 3 1 2 Digit LED 4 1 2 Digit LCD Don t let the prices fool you These digital PM 328 4 1 2D LCD Digital Panel Meter Features panel meters are not surplus so even if you e 200 00myV Full Scale Input Sensitivity design theminto an ongoing manufactured e Single 9V DC Operation product you can be assured of continued a aT availability These high quality digital panel j meters are decimal point selectable with pouces Ee OH and RC OTIO guaranteedzeroreading at zero volts input e High Input Impedance 100 Mohm Applications Include Specifications PM 128 PM 129 Specification
126. at 0258 UTC with the pro gram Daybreak Africa leading off with English news and a weather report gy Code Practice Oscillators c iting here in front of the PC glanced out at the early snow that covered the surrounding country side and was reminded of a similar time back in the early 50s when the post man delivered a mysterious package to our door Earlier in November that year Dad had secretly sent off an order to Burstein Applebee our nearest elec tronic mail order house for a pair of deluxe code practice oscillators As remember they were equipped with a built in key a tunable buzzer and a lamp for visual and secret code prac tice Dad was capable of copying 20 words a minute in his head while doing other things and was still struggling to reach the 5 WPM plateau That prompted me to look elsewhere for someone to practice with that wasn t too familiar with the code but hac an interest The neighbor girl turned out to be the perfect neophyte for the visual code practice feature Oh forgot to mention that each CPO had the code spelled out on a metal plaque so even if you didn t know A from Z you could search out each letter or number and decode a very slow speed mes sage Well you ve probably guessed by now that we re going to look at some code practice oscillator CPO circuits this time around Look them over and select one to build and use to increase your CW speed for a license upgrade o
127. ateur Satellite Corporation 1992 Crisler M The PACSAT Beginner s Guide Washington DC The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation 1991 Curtis Anthony R K3RXK HamSat Handbook Lake Geneva WI Tiare Publications 1993 Curtis Anthony R K3RXK Outer Space Frequency Directory Lake Geneva WI Tiare Publications 1994 Davidoff Martin K2UBC The Satellite Experimenter s Handbook Second Edition Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1990 Ford Steve WB8IMY ed The ARRL Operating Manual Fifth Edition Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1995 Ford Steve WB8IMY Your HF Digital Companion Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1995 Hedtke John KD7WS Using Computer Bulletin Boards Third Edition New York MIS Press Henry Holt amp Co 1995 Horzepa Stan WAILOU Practical Packet Radio Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1995 Mayo Jonathan L KR3T The Radio Amateur s Digltal Communications Handbook Blue Ridge Summit PA TAB Books 1992 Schetgen Robert KU7G ed The ARRL Handbook for Radio Amateurs Seyenty Third Editlon 1996 Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1995 Taggart Ralph WB8DQT Weather Satellite Handbook Fifth Edition Newington CT The American Radio Relay League Inc 1994 Articles Anderson Phil WOXI Ham Radio Paging Putting POCSAG on Packet CQ VHF July 1996
128. axinc com Australia 61 39 720 5344 61 67 722 777 Austria 49 241 918 90 0 Belglum 32 4 377 5151 Bulgaria 359 2 72 77 50 Brazil 55 11 453 5588 55 11 801 0045 Canada 514 336 9426 Czech Republic 42 49 5813 252 Finland 358 31 266 1885 France 33 3 20 52 98 52 Germany 49 241 918 90 0 Greece 30 1 902 0115 Hong Kong 852 2720 0255 Hungary 36 1163 2879 Indla 91 422 232 561 Ireland 44 1 977 683 665 Israel 972 3498 543 Italy 39 0542 55400 Japan 81 3 3251 1779 Netherlands 31 10 450 4949 New Zealand 61 39 720 5344 61 67 722 777 Poland 48 34 648 882 Singapore 65 746 8182 Slovak Republic 42 7 580 2574 South Africa 27 11 493 6242 Sweden 46 70 576 14 54 46 431 41 00 88 Switzerland 49 241 918 900 Taiwan 886 2 647 1978 United Kingdom 44 1 977 683 665 United States 800 344 4539 Digi Key 800 831 4242 Jameco 300 538 5000 JDR PBASIC BS1 IC and BS2 IC are trademarks and BASIC Stamp amp the Parallax logo are registered trademarks of Parallax Inc Prices do not include shipping and applicable sales tax Features and prices subject to change without notice Prices are U S prices only prices in other countries may vary 0996PESR CIRCLE 156 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD bre d EL Virt BE ual Electroni NCS fa EXC ECEA ED Te TT LEJLELIZELEJLLTE LOG dus i ipa n coh Zie Se qa 55pRV byv Re fe raut Wade bat Powe
129. ay too far from these values e g more than a 2 1 ratio The ERA x devices want to see 5 volts DC applied through a resistor and an optional RF choke between pin 3 and ground The devices draw 80 mA 0 080 A From these bits of informa tion you can calculate the value of resistance for R1 For example if you use a 78L08 regulator it produces a regulated 8 volt DC output R1 is Ri V VM 3 0 080 37 5 ohms 8 5 0 080 For practical reasons select a stan dard value of 39 ohms for R1 The RF choke is optional and is used more as a peaking coil to smooth out gain variations as frequency in creases Typical values to try for starters are 100 pH from 1 to 10 MHz 10 uH from 10 to 30 or so MHz 1 pH to 100 MHz and values between 0 01 and 1 pH above 100 MHz For high VHF UHF up to the top end of the response range the RF choke is typ ically a ferrite bead slipped over a piece of 22 gauge solid hook up wire The ERA x and MAR x series of chips makes designing wideband RF amplifiers a game for all even well into the microwaves can be reached by snail mail at P O Box 1099 Falls Church VA 22041 or by e mail at carrjj aol com B SCANNER SCENE continued from page 27 A T F Of all the vital federal agencies that always seem to be in the news few have missions that equal the edge of the seat white knuckle excitement of the U S Treasury s Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms Based u
130. c handling check into a local VHF UHF voice network on an FM amateur repeater or contact your ARRL Section Manger The ARRL Operating Manual also contains information on procedures It s also possible to perform pub lic service and emergency commu nications with packet radio Many amateurs have their digital mode stations ready for emergencies The stations can become digital life lines since transmissions don t depend on telephone lines Packet RTTY and AMTOR can provide some security for messages while freeing voice channels for other uses PBBSs also are used productively for these purposes Another high tech use of packet radio is to monitor and communi cate with amateur satellites Many satellites are orbiting bulletin boards relaying packet messages around the world Others transmit images that you can display on your computer screen Finally it s possible to transfer files between packet stations using the TCP IP protocol Transfers are more satisfactory at higher bps transfer rates but are still practical at 1200 bps more on this later Packet Equipment Now that we ve discussed the main things you can do with packet let s talk about how you can get in on the action One special piece of equip ment you ll need is a terminal node controller or TNC TNCs resemble phone modems that connect PCs and telephones to transmit com puter data But TNCs or radio modems transmit data by radio rather
131. cal operation of the camcorder and offers tips on troubleshooting as well We know that factory service manuals offen cost hundreds of dol lars by themselves ridiculous but true Two prerecorded tapes and one blank one come with the course One of the prerecorded tapes the Heathkit test pattern tape provides you with all the test patterns you need for testing and adjusting any VHS equipment The other prere corded tape teaches you how to do surface mount soldering repairs which is absolutely necessary inside the cramped housing of a cam corder The blank tape of course is for recording things on with the camcorder Also included with the course is a clear plastic VCR tape simulator that lets you observe how a VCR is operating without having an actu al tape installed This lets you see mechanisms that would normally be blocked by an actual tape and also prevents a good tape from being ruined by a malfunctioning camcorder Of course the VHS cas sette simulator can be used to trou bleshoot any VHS player recorder The course includes all of the common hand tools you need to service a camcorder These are screwdrivers pliers cutters and sol dering tools including a soldering iron The only things you ll have to supply to get the most out of the course are a multimeter and an oscilloscope You do of course need a TV set in order to view the recordings you make You can play back tapes in the camcorder and watch
132. ce inductarce frequency logic and temperature Additional features include auto power off data hold annunciator and input warning beeper amp peak hold DX 451 DX460L only Deluxe holster safety test leads and thermocouple probe DX360T suppliec as standard accessories Bei MERIT DX460L 7 wobpt X DX350 oxseor 0x400 PACIDC Volaget sov 00V Lo e ore LL L L AC DC Current 10 pl ipu Resistance 20M a x94 i 299 2900 Continuity Beeper Diods Sf ees ee ee ed STC a a Ta A ae Sa eee TRhFE A i qu ou d ETI 7 NEM MAE P AER O S AEn EE ee ee ae es SL io ee el ie eS Se mi inductance 20H a ee a es ee Auto Power Of ME CON ae SENE A nA ERR RA input Warning Beeper LL LLLA a E SS AUCI aen Peak Hold LL A E puer d er Suggested Resale Price 63s 3455 oaos soos 8995 30995 e Lots more High Standard Test Instruments available All in One Instrument Oscilloscope Power Supply Function Generator Frequency Counter Multimeter Capacitance Engine Analyzer Clamp On Electrical Tester and More See your local distributors or Call for Catalog 1 800 532 3221 B el MERIT TAL UAE 586 3399 SOLUTIONS FOR THE TEST INSTRUMENT P O Box 744 Lake Forest CA 92630 New Surveillance Devices FULL VIEWING CABLE BOXES TC 70 High quality B W with 420 lines of resolution for ultra sharp images
133. culties faced by listeners in compre hending what is said But it is made even worse by the fact that his reading style is quite flat and boring After a minute or so of hearing him speak the listener s mind tends to shift elsewhere due to boredom which in turn makes it quite difficult to concen trate on what is said Of course Radio Prague is not alone in this regard Numerous interna tional broadcasters use announcers with atrocious speaking styles and accents To which Richard Cuff moderator of the Journal column Easy Listening responded Perhaps as these countries get their economies stabilized they ll be able to enhance the speaking qualities of their on air teams VOA STILL GROWING Al LoCicero Jefferson City MO writes with word on a new Voice of America relay station under construc tion in the Pacific The Mariana Radio Relay Station is targeted for opening in December 1998 says Al A contract was award ed last August to the Sayed Hamid Behbehani and Sons construction firm to build the new shortwave facility on the island of Tinian in the Common wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Three existing 500 kilowatt SW transmitters will be moved from a deactivated Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty broadcasting site in Portugal The 20 million plus facility will have four pairs of curtain antennas to trans mit broadcasts to China Southeast Asia and Indonesia VOA programm
134. curate Clock Time Hours Minutes Seconds Reception Signal Strength Date or 2nd Time Zone Dual Alarm Function ONLY 149 95 S amp H 4 95 M C VISA DISCOVER AMEX Use both sides when writing NEVER SET YOUR TIME AGAIN WITH HIGH TECH RADIO CONTROLLED ATOMIC CLOCK being thrown out in the Automatically sets accurate time date and adjusts for the start and end of daylight savings time e Receives Radio signal from US Atomic Clock Superior Signal Reception Sensitivity below 20y V m Continuous Oscillator Calibration Internal Quartz Oscillator Integrated Internal Ferrite Omnidirectional Antenna Battery Operated with Low Battery Indicator Warranteed 2 60 x 5 30 x 4 45 ORDER YOURS DIRECT FROM ARCRON ZEIT CALL rou FREE 24 HOURS 1 800 985 TIME 8463 DO YOUR SHARE n A Public Service oi S E This Publication place to get ahead Unfortunately its also a place where a lot of natural resources start to fall behind Take a look around the next time you re at work See how many lights are left run computers that are left on Look at how much water is on when people leave See how much PEN run Remember if we how much solid waste is f trash cans We bet its a lot When you re at the copier only make the copies you need Use both sides of the paper when writing a merno Turn off your light when you leave Use a lower watt bulb in your
135. dd Wide Web i E Fal Cara ne E D n TAPR a nonprofit scientific R amp D corporati UO ot bsten at uim i RUE RU gd Ta a oe ns Sem cee i on is one of the cradles of amateur radio packet civilization Various other high tech and digital interests are supported on the TAPR home page including spread spectrum DSP networks the Internet and other spe cial interests TAPR is found at http www tapr org acknowledges every transmission for each link instead of over the entire route this allows for more reli able connections than digipeaters because acknowledgments are only carried on one link KA Nodes are not true networks and they don t offer automatic routing as do other schemes like NET ROM which let you access other bands and operating modes Gateways allow connectivity between two normally non connectabie com munication technologies For these reasons Gateways have become an integral part of most PBBS and digital networking schemes They include crossband gateways Internet packet radio BBS gate ways and packet wormholes via the Internet You can participate in a variety of activities using an Internet to packet radio gateway These include transferring files Telnetting or accessing TCP IP stations remotely through the gate way and sending and receiving e mail Another activity is a QSO bridge a keyboard to keyboard QSO contact roundtable in which
136. de displays 2 signals unre lated in frequency Component tester 2 Year Warranty OSCILLOSCOPE SELECTION CHART ANALOG Model Bandwidth Sensitivity No of Sweep Rate Delayed Video Component Beam Time Z axis input MHz max Channels Max ns dlv Sweep Sync Tester Find Base WAER o S 1369 60 1mV div 2 1Ons div Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 1225 S 1345 40 imV div 2 10ns div Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 S 1342 40 1mV div 2 10ns div No Yes No No 1 20MHz OUAL TRACE S 1330 25 1mV div 2 10ns div Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 Model 2120 2 Year Warranty S 1325 25 1mV div 2 10ns div No Yes No No 1 Special 389 95 DIGITAL STORAGE Model 2125 with delayed sweep Model Bandwidth Analog No of Sampling Memory Internally Pretrigger Output 539 95 MHz Sen max Channels Rate Channel Backed Lp ImV division sensitivity DS 303 30 i1mV div 2 20MS S 2K Yes 0 25 50 75 RS232 AUTO NORM wiggered sweep operation DS 663 60 1mV div 2 20MS S 2K Yes 0 25 50 75 RS232 p AC TVH TVV nd line coupling Calibrated 19 step lime base veth xt0 magnifier Compact low profile design _ AT PRICES THIS LOW THEY LL BE GONE j mn eU Affordable Spectrum i E HITACHI SCOPES K Analyzers by B amp K Inventory Reduction Sale Lowest Prices of the Decade V 209 20MHz Battery Operated V 695 60MHz w Cursors Was 1
137. dumb they sim ply look at a packet and if the call sign is in the digipeater field they resend the packet Digipeating worked well with only a few people on the channel However as long distance packet became more popular digipeaters clogged the airwaves Also if a packet got lost by one of the digi peaters the originating station nad to retransmit the packet forcing every digipeater to transmit again Kantronics improved on the digi peater concept with KA Nodes As with digipeaters KA Nodes repeat AX 25 frames But a KA Node NET ROM was one of the first net working schemes to address the problems with digipeaters You con nect to a NET ROM station as if con necting to any other packet station From there you can send com mands to instruct the station to con nect fo another local user or to another NET ROM station This scheme improved reliability consid erably Another scheme is ROSE which is an acronym within an acronym standing for the Radio Amateur Telecommunications Society RATS Open Systems Environment A ROSE network includes a PBBS an online callsign directory and database server a bulletin broadcast con troller a message management sys tem a packet switch and other features Now let s get back to gateways see TAPR an mternational organization dedicated to amateur digital communications is pleased to present this collection of iafornaation about TAPR vid the W
138. e Fig 6 This IR receiver works with the transmitter in Fig 5 21004129 3 1e ndog 7661 judy ier J April 1997 Popular Electronics 68 Ham Radio A New Chip for RF Builders or quite a long time RF circuit builders have known that Mini Circuits P O Box 350166 Brooklyn NY 11235 Tel 718 934 4500 has made reasonably priced RF compo nents that work well Perhaps the two most widely used Mini Circuits compo nents at least in our circles are the MAR x series of monolithic microwave integrated circuits MMIC and the SBx SRx series of doubly balanced mixers DBM The SBx SRx series mixers are widely available in unit quantities from dealers such as Ocean State Electron ics P O Box 1458 Westerly RI 02891 Tel 401 596 3080 One of the nice things about a DBM as opposed to other forms of mixer is that the DBM suppresses the local oscillator LO and RF signals in the output so only the sum LO RF and difference LO RF signals exist or other mixer products of higher order The other product is the line of MAR x amplifiers These MMIC devices pro vide gains from 8 to 20 dB at power levels from 100 to 500 mW Some of the MAR x the x is the specific type number for a particular member of the series offer low noise figures 2 8 dB while others offer higher power Some operate from near DC to 1 000 MHz and others from near DC to 2 000 MHz These amplifiers have a relatively constant
139. e AAA battery has a suggested retail price of 189 95 For further infor mation contact Sony Electronics 1 sony Drive Park Ridge NJ 07656 Tel 800 222 SONY Web http www sony com MONITOR TOP ORGANIZER Kantek s Spectrum Superstor pro vides quick access and convenient storage of office and computer essen New Products tials placing everything right at your fingertips on top of your computer monitor It takes up no desk space and clears much of the clutter off your desktop The Superstor holds and organizes all sorts of office supplies and computer media with compartments sized to hold CD ROMs 3 5 and 5 25 inch disks ZIP disks back up tapes paper sta tionery envelopes note and full size pads file folders and Post Its Holes in the top of the unit hold pens pencils markers scissors and rulers The com partments are adjustable to accommo date an assortment of supplies The Superstor works with all popu lar monitor and terminal sizes from 12 to 21 inches and slopes Its mounting System allows full tilt swivel and cen tering adjustability for efficient posi tioning The organizer is compatible with all existing glare filters and copy holders It can also be used as a desk top organizer The Superstor monitor top organizer has a suggested retail price of 49 95 For further information contact Kantek Inc 15 Main Street East Rockaway NY 11518 Tel 516 593 3212 or 800 936
140. e receive only versions also are available A typical received SSTV image is shown isn t optimum Packet Teleprinting Over Radio PacTOR which appeared in 1990 is a robust RTTY like error correcting mode to over come the shortcomings of packet and AMTOR on HF PacTOR is like an enhanced AMTOR combining its best features with packet for oper ation on noisy fluctuating channeis There s about a fourfold increase in throughput over AMTOR A new ver sion PacTOR Il is even more robust MWA 13 he produce severe signal distortion and so it takes measures to com pensate for the distortion and max imize data throughput Developed jointly by Ray Petit W7GHM and HAL Communications president Bill Henry K9GWT it s a very popular HF mode since CLOVER arguably offers the best overall HF digital performance CLOVER also is very conserving of spectrum space it requires only AND NTEREESE Mg NE PoP EF A popular DSP receiver enhancement device is the JPS NIR 12 Dual DSP NoiselInterference Reduction Unit The NIR 12 provides spectral subtraction noise reduction in addition to dynamic peaking The spectral subtraction mode ts effective in reducing impulse noise This hybrid mode sends error free data by using a handshaking system which requires that the receiving sta tion send an ACK if data is received intact PacTOR s most important fea ture is that of memory ARQ which lets even noisy packets be
141. e control action as evidenced by the fact that the S meter 60 remained rock steady even when tun dial Figuring that the problem could very well be a weak IF channel broke out the alignment equipment and began to hook it up to the set ANNOYING INTERMITTENTS Thats when a new problem be came obvious It was one of those an noying hair trigger intermittents The static would begin whenever the chas sis was tapped even lightly almost anywhere on its surface That made the trouble very difficult to localize but finally traced it to the tangle of wiring associated with the 12AX7 dual triode used as the first and second audio amplifier Because the wiring for those two stages had to be crammed around the base of just one tube socket it was quite dense and hard to check However finally found the problem in the lower eyelet hole of one of the 12AX7 socket s solder lugs It seems as though even though there was a large blob of solder on the upper eyelet blocking the view below it no solder had found its way to the wire passing through the lower one Gingerly sliding the tip of a small iron through the wire tangle was able to deposit a drop of solder on the connection that had gone naked all these many years and the problem went away or so thought With the radio still playing began moving it into position to hook up the signal generator and AC VTVM that use for alignment That s when found t
142. ehavior is really C2 what you d see with a resistor but not a 01 diode That s important to keep in mind D1 if you pass an audio signal through a f ok 1N34A Es diode low level signals that would fall ae around the knee bend or dip into the Q1 barrier potential region would be very Ae _2N3904 distorted C3 th R8 Another important figure of merit in 1 R7 ES nis the forward bias state is the maximum 22K forward current labeled Ip 4x That s the maximum recommended current for the device Running the diode beyond C1 that would cause it to overheat anc fail e sins As you can see when reverse L R2 biased a tiny amount of leakage cur qu rent flows through the diode You can increase the current passing through the diode if you apply a voltage greater Fig 2 This simple pulse generator can provide several waveforms Potentiometer R8 sets the than the reverse breakdown voltage frequency or peak inverse voltage PIV When a diode is designed to be a rectifier a below the reverse breakdown point device that only permits current flow in There are special diodes called one direction it s not intended to work Zeners that are designed specifically to operate in that region when reverse biased We ll talk more about them when we discuss how to use diodes as 51u04126 3 1eJndog 7661 judy go m April 1997 Popular Electronics amp C2 50 INPUT p R2 E R3 C5 10K
143. eighs less than transmitter Range 1 4 mile Powered by 1 4 oz a eo 7 33 phone line Uses surface mount component Digital touch tuning M gt XTR 100 Tracking transmitter Range upto deal for use with our 88 1 mile Uses 9 voit battery Transmits a BEEP Cea ee XSP250EZ XTR 100C E g BEEP BEEP tone c 83495 2995 1995 LE s n as PHONE VOICE CHANGER XLB 3 3 95 16 levels of digital voice Changing Sound L s tougher older or younger female or male A SPERA Powered by 4 AA batteries Batteries not XLB 9 3 95 XPC 400 XVS100 d 9V LITHIUM Small 3V Lithium TV CAMERA TV TRANSMITTER BATTERY battery For use 400 LINES OFRES euy XPC400 VCR 3 Worlds most powerful with XTL3000 Use any TV or VCR with d as T orks wit regular Qr ME 9V battery Twice the life XTL1000 XTR300 multi line phones anii E a of alkaline batteries and XWB1000 Connects between z e di mm rr handset and phone Note OE rae will not work with cordles or handset type m deal project box to give your telephones kits that professional look Available custom drilled for the following kits XFS108 X281000 XLC900 and XVA250 a video Tapa COnPIeelof is e ineki ded Includes power cube OUE Te VEFTV l About half the size of a iin is and pack of cigarettes Transmits video and audio See entire room through Assembled 269 95 Ezkit
144. ellite dish to every TV in your home ADD Video Broadcasting System 99 9 S amp H includes one transmitter and one receiver Additional receivers each _ 59 7 S amp H Please mention promotional code 173 PL 10226 For fastest service call toll free 24 hours a day To order by mail send check or money order for the total amount including S amp H VA residents include 4 5 sales tax Or charge it to your credit card by enclosing your account number and expiration date INDUSTRIES 2820 Waterford Lake Drive Suite 106 Midlothian Virginia 23113 S31004129 3 1ejndog 7661 judy a G2 April 1997 Popular Electronics oh A APEL an independent testing facility located in Bethel Connecticut For the first time though you re seeing the results of a new and overdue method for measuring illumination You might think They don t make em like they used to if you compare the 10 lux rating of the ES6000 to the low light sensitivity of last year s cam corders It s an honest assumption Henceforth the low light ratings will be two to five lux higher than the one to five lux scores obtained in recent years With lux the lower the number the better the camcorder s ability to record in low light conditions But camcorders haven t gotten worse Instead manu facturers have finally agreed on a single standard for measuring light sensitivity This measurement developed under the auspices o
145. ence fashion across your TV screen It s much higher 450 lines in camera mode The test for streaking lag image retention looks for flares or tails of light and color that trail behind the high lights of a moving subject You ll see this on TV sportscasts usually when light reflects off shiny helmets It s vir tually nonexistent with the CCD based image sensors used in camcorders The tests for color quality examine phase accuracy and chroma satura tion Each is measured using the color red the most difficult for video to reproduce The Phase Accuracy por tion of the test looks for deviation from true red toward magenta or yellow Chroma Saturation gauges depth or intensity of hue As the vectorscope photo see Fig 1 shows phase is right on target while chroma at the rim of the scope above the cross hairs is slightly oversaturat ed Saturation over and under does affeci an image visibly The richer red of the ES6000 can be toned down with your TV s color controls OTHER FEATURES The ES6000 comes with a feature seldom seen in camcorders anymore Negative Positive conversion Although Canon touts this as a movie making special effect along with solarization mosaic black and white and sepia re cording it has a very practical function In conjunction the optional FP 100 Film Adapter 199 this function lets you convert color film negatives to pos itive images for recording on video The adapter a
146. ent amp hobbyist s favor ES starts from Transistor hFE diode est Continuity Duty Peak hold Max Ruggerdized case Rubber holster 8 00 Full line of DIMMs economy compact erdized solar cell LCR Meter 814 189 95 Best Resolution LCR Inductance 200uH 200H Capacitance 200pF 20 000uF Resistance 2C 20MQ Resolution of 0 1oF 0 1pF and imQ are useful for high frequency and SMD Dissipation factor indicates leakage Zero adjustment to reduce parasitics Best for high frequency RF SMD and chip component test probe 25 00 Padded deluxe case 6 00 Fluke 77 1 155 Fluke 79 Il 175 Fluke 29 Il 175 Fluke 76 175 Fluke 87 287 Fluke 867 1199 Scope Meter Fluke 97 1785 Frequency Counter FC 1200 129 95 Frequency 10Hz 1 25GHz Display amp digit LOB Penod 0 1 Records veraji Data hold relative mode Telescoping antenna 8 00 Deluxe case 5 Also Avallable AC DC clamp meter Light meter Thermometer Ld meter High voltage Probe Digital Anemometer Electronic scale orce Ga u B Tachometer Strobosco Humidity amp EMF adapter Sound evel meter Frequency counter SWR field strength power meter Dip meter 20 MHz Oscilloscope with Delay Sweep PS 205 429 95 Dual Trace Component test 6 CRT X Y Operation TV Sync Z Modulation CH2 Output Graticule lllum 2 probes each has x1 x10 switch Best price with delay sweep Digital Storage Scope DS 303 30MHz
147. er Kits are sold for educational purposes WIRELESS FM b MICROPHONE EM Small but mighty this little eq jewel will out perform most units many times its price it really stomps out a signal The WM 2 kit is n a buffered wireless mike that operates from 80MHz to 120MHz FM the frequency of any broadcast FM radio Includes a mini electret mike 6 to 12v DC SIZE 1 25 x 1 WM 2 kiT 14 95 only You must obtain permission from your local cable company before PHONE TUE using these fillers on your cable system TRANSMITTER DF 222 kr 14 95 We haven t seen a smaller phone transmitter than the MMPT2 kit Powered by the phone it requires no battery Transmits both sides of a phone conversation to an FM radio up to a 1 4 mile away Tunable from 88 to 108MHz FM Attach it to This Manual contains schematics parts lists amp P C board layouts for many of the Rainbow Kits Use your own parts to construct our kits wh optas This is the kit everyone has been asking for Turn your digital volt ohm meter into an inductance meter It will read inductors 3uH to 7MH Power requirement 9v DC SIZE 1 75 32 5 So small you could hide this one on some real bugs It s the small est we ve ever seen With it s super Sensitive mike it transmits a whisper or a room of conversa tion to an FM radio tunable from 88 to 108MHz FM r With a proper antenna it transmits about 1 2 mi
148. eration A protocol is a standard stating how computer sys tems communicate with each other One of the more popular pro tocols for amateur packet radio is known as AX 25 The amateur AX 25 protocol standard was developed in the 1970s and accepted by the FCC and ARRL in the 1980s It s based on the wired network commercial pro tocol X 25 which was modified to suit amateur needs One advan tage of AX 25 is that every packet that s sent contains the sender s and recipient s callsign thereby providing station identification The Automatic Packet Reporting System APRS sends and receives station location or position informa tion from various types of stations including fixed and mobile stations SoIu0J129 3 1ejndog 7661 judy Popular Electronics April 1997 amp nodes digipeaters DX clusters packet mailboxes and the like APRS graphically applies packet radio to real time events by display ing information as a symbol on a map on your PC screen The position information includes as a minimum latitude longitude and station type APRS is very useful in emergencies exercises weather nets and other events that are most concerned with where things are and where they re going Several firms including PacComm make equipment compatible with APRS and with GPS Global Positioning system satellite receivers Loosely related to packet opera tion is another VHF UHF digital mode that s just getting off the ground
149. ered soldering tool Is ideal for any on site soldering job Provides up to 35 watts with a temperature range up to 700 degrees F Includes flint ignitor in plastic case safety cut off Switch and C 2 chisel tip UPD 372 180 avain petis obia This sound to light unit features three separate outputs which can be controlled independently Each out put reacts to three different bands of the musical spectrum bass midrange and treble Has built in microphone so no connection Is re quired to music SOurce but a line in put is provided 5 heavy duty sealed back midrange with deluxe mesh grill 1 aluminum voice coil Popular midrange for auto sound installations Power handiing 35 watts RMS 50 watts max Voice coil diameter 1 inch Impedance 8 ohms e Frequency response 800 10 000 Hz PO 280 030 Features a ferro fluid cooled Kapton voice coil and a rubber surround Very natural sounding high fre quency reproduction with extended response to KHz Power handling 50 watts RMS 75 watts max Voice coil diameter 1 Impedance 8 ohms Frequency response 2500 30 000 Hz Polymer resin treated paper cone with pol foam surround Long throw voice coil design helps to deliver powerful bass output Per fect for bookshelf type speakers Mfg C16L020 51F Power handling 60 watts RMS 120 watts max 9 Voice coil diameter 1 1 4 inches Impedance 8 ohms Frequency
150. ers prices If you want the Main Selection do nothing and it will be shipped automatically If you want another book or no book at all simply during the next 2 years after which you may cancel your membership at any time And you ll be eligible for FREE BOOKS through our Bonus Book Program _ Publishers Prices Shown 1997 EEBC when you join the Hundreds of circuit ideas alphabetically arranged from Alarm circuits to Zero crossing detector circuits includes schematics for the latest electronics circuits from industry leaders Popular Electronics Turn to this comprehensive circuit library fo diagrams and schematics In each volume you circuits and 100 circuit categories rig at your workbench If coupon is missing write to Electronics Engine return the reply form to us by the date specified ame You ll have at least 10 days to decide If you ever receive a book you don t want due to late delivery of the bulletin you can return it at our expense City Your only obligation is to purchase 3 more books Zip m m mea m US e ho Um AM e ho m c ew ew ew cm A A cmo C m m m m mo o N Address Apt Take This Giant Circuit Library For Only 1495 Electronics Engineers Book Club i 2 The Encyclopedia of Electronic Circuits Volumes 1 4 by Rudolf F Graf m os r F a S TRS f a a IPSE IRE ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS A Vohunme 5 oes ih
151. ers health clubs restaurants or other places where people stay for moderate peri ods of time Besides transmitting electricity for recharging smart chargers com municate with the EVs they are charg ing The information exchanged in this manner includes checks for proper connection that the vehicle is ready to accept the charge the com patibility between the facility and the EV s recharging system and if all the on board safety systems are operat ing correctly Rechargers themselves would be part of the EV so that charging facili ties need only provide generic elec tric power Computers in the EV s recharger would continually monitor items such as battery state of charge individual battery module voltages and temperatures and usage history Other requirements for recharging facilities includes the user friendliness of a gasoline pump and of course foolproof safety While fill ups with gasoline always present an explosive risk albeit a minute one EVs repre sents potential electrical shock and burn hazards plus the remote pos sibility of an exploding battery nu r YR p Wi s e E m Utility Inductive Power Coupler Charger Battery Monitor and Control Battenes This diagram shows how inductive charging systems work The Magne Charge system in particular can handle power levels from 1 5 to 25 kW Conductive Charging If EVs are to be used like gasoline fueled vehicles rec
152. ersion of the best selling word processing system Microsoft Word Written in an easy to use format with helpful tips shortcuts and tech niques presented along the way the book is designed to help readers quick ly and effortlessly find the information they need Beginners will learn how to install Word for Windows 95 and find thorough instructions on creating edit ing and formatting documents More advanced users will find information on topics including how to exchange data with other applications use Word s desktop publishing features and use Word in a workgroup environment Microsoft Word for Windows 95 COMPLETE REFERENCE vt Van Campbetfahde CDer ee baw ren en rice da The book describes every Word for Windows 95 feature menu item com mand and function and provides examples on every topic An alphabet ic reference of all Word for Windows 95 features and a handy cross refer enced index are included Microsoft Word for Windows 95 The Complete Reference costs 29 95 and is published by Osborne McGraw Hill 2600 Tenth Street Berkeley CA 94710 Tel 800 227 0900 CIRCLE 91 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD DESIGNING 3D GRAPHICS How toCreate Real Time 3D Models for Games and Virtual Reality by Josh White This book and CD ROM package gives readers everything they need to create sophisticated real time 3D graphics for games and virtual reality applications The book is full of design tips anima t
153. est service call toll free 24 hours a day 800 992 2966 e ea ox comtradindustries 2820 Waterford Lake Drive Suite 102 Midlothian VA 23113 s21u04 29 3 1ejndog 7 661 judy N ok April 1997 Popular Electronics ND ND Want a look at where you re going before you get there Load some photos of your next desti nation shown here is some New Orleans archi tecture courtesy of Travelocity actually look for hotels that have enter tainment indoor pools exercise facili ties etc Once you make travel plans you can store them and get them later with Retrieve Existing Reservations Need some more ideas about how to put it all together Check out Vacation Packages for getaways that are text book perfect Now that we covered that first fea ture of Travelocity it s time to move on to the others mentioned Our next is Destinations amp Interests which is a first rate section in itself The page opens with a banner and a clickable map of the world the banner lets you choose from Maps Photos Videos Currency Weather or Features Selecting Maps is the same as pick ing a destination off the onscreen map You ll get just what the name implies maps maps and more maps to help you plan your trip Photos and Videos are similar in that they both let you see the places you plan on visiting before you actual ly buy a ticket personally liked the short video tours which are provided in Quicktime f
154. f the radar signal with background clutter and reflect it back to the squad car This technique pioneered by Rocky Mountain Radar creates an unreadable signal that confuses the computer inside the radar gun The laser scrambler in the Phazer works in a similar manner It transmits special infrared beam with information designed to scramble the laser signal The resuit Readouts on police radar and laser guns remain blank As far as the police officer is concerned your vehicle is not even on the road B The Phazer makes your car invisible to police radar and lasers or the manufacturer will pay your speeding ticket How it scrambles radar Police radar takes five to 10 mea surements of a vehicle s speed in about one sec ond The Phazer sends one signal that tells the radar the car is going 15 m p h and another signal that the car is going 312 m p h Because police radar can t verify the speed it displays no speed at all To the radar gun your car isn t even on the road Works with laser too The Phazer also pro tects your vehicle from Lidar guns that use the change in distance over time to detect a vehicle s speed The Phazer uses light emitting diodes LEDs to fire invisible infrared pulses through the windshield Laser guns interpret those puls es as a false indication of the car s distance blocking measurement of your speed Again it s as if your car isn t even on the road Range up to three m
155. f for the remaining two thirds Electrolytic cap acitor C1 charges up during the posi tive half cycle of the AC waveform through R1 R3 and D2 When the volt age across the capacitor reaches the break over voltage of the silicon asym metrical switch D1 the capacitor starts to discharge through R2 D1 Q1 R4 and the TRIAC Emitter follower Q1 is driven by the discharge current from C1 and in turn provides gate drive for the TRIAC Thus the TRIAC conducts and the light glows while C1 is dis charged The lamp goes dark when C1 is de pleted of charge and remains dark until the AC power waveform goes positive again and charges the capacitor suffi ciently The TRIAC should be triggered into conduction by a gate current of no more than 5 mA The flash rate can be varied by changing the value of capaci tor C1 Using more capacitance results in a slower flash rate and less capaci tance in a faster flash rate Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA once had a thermal flasher It had a coil wrapped around a bimetallic strip The strip with a built in contact point the coil and the load were all in series When current flowed through the circuit the coil would slowly heat the Strip which would then bend moving its con tact from its mating contact thereby breaking the circuit The coil strip assembly would eventually cool and the strip would relax and re establish the circuit D1 D2 1N914 1N914 OR OR 1N4148 1N414
156. f the Electronic Industries Assn will be used on all advertising and packaging and by all labs that con duct independent tests such as for magazines For the first time you ll be able to compare low light performance among camcorders for the 1997 model year and beyond but not against older ones You never could In the past each manufacturer measured lux dif ferently and by whatever method yielded the best rating Magazines and independent labs tested differently from one another too but APEL s method at least was consistent so you could compare camcorders over time For the record lux is a metric ver sion of the footcandle measure One footcandle is the illumination on a sur face one foot distant from a standard candle in a dark room and it s equal to 10 lux In real world conditions the indoor lighting in a typical home ranges from 60 to 100 lux about the same as the interior of a church or an outdoors amusement park at night Meanwhile the typical business office supermar ket and department store weigh in at about 600 lux On a clear day nature s outdoor lighting hits 2000 lux an hour after sunrise APEL was one of the companies that participated in developing the new lux spec formally called EIA Standard EIA 639 Besides the consistency it provides for rating illumination APEL president Frank Barr points out that EIA 639 also mandates specific perfor mance levels in other key camcorder measurements
157. ference in the air you breathe and that Clearveil will operate in total silence If you don t agree return it for a full refund No Questions Asked Clearveil is so cein pact you can put it anywhere 199 16 S amp H Clearveil 250 Credit card customers Three payments of 67 Replacement sheets 12 20 2 S amp H For optimum results replace the sheet once a month Please mention promotional code 894 PL 10227 For fastest service call toll free 24 hours a day 800 236 6139 To order by mail send check or money order for the total amount including S amp H To charge it to your credit card enclose your accouat number and expiration date Virginia residents only please add 4 5 sales tax comtrad 2820 Waterford Lake Drive Suite 102 Midlothian VA 23113 21004129 3 1ejndog 7661 Judy Popular Electronics April 1997 e You also have the added conve nience of being able to use stan dard VHS tapes that are figura tively a dime a dozen these days Note however that Heathkit RCA and Popular Electronics magazine all recommend that you don t ever use cheap no name tapes in any deck or you re asking for trouble While the RCA camcorder uses full size VHS cassettes and is con sidered large by today s standards it is by NO means as large or as heavy as the first full size units were And even though the full size VHS format is now con
158. ft is covered with a threaded plastic sheath 0 25 dia X 0 75 long which acts as a worm gear This mech anism if not required is easily removable Rectangular mounting bracket 1 73 X 1 10 50 CAT SMT 21 1 each 10 for 12 50 EDGEVIEW PANEL METER FS 1 MICROAMP Mura Beautifully constructed edgeview meter move ment 2 75 X 0 8 face Scale is labeled 1 BEATS MINUTE and is calibrated from 50 150 It can be easily removed or reversed to create a blank scale The black bezel is 3 53 X 1 33 and can be adjusted or removed 0 1 thick clear plexiglass case Maximum case size behind mounting plane 2 75 X 1 18 X 2 18 Solder lug terminais B50 CAT MET 47 each lu e A e Ss soiuo12e 3 1ejndog 7661 Judy e GEF 232 Networkable Devices QUE SAUIAA Z HeJ 180 Motion B Relay Driver inches 8 LED Status Lights 12V Operation Futaba J Compatible Infrared Hincludes Infrared Receiver for Upload your BMP GIF Image Files at 9600 19200 Baud Com Peceiver Included with SV16 inemote Operation With plete Support for 30x8 and 40x8 Text Documentation and uPgrade Perfect in all anima Om ron Mechanical Relays Call QBasic Software Gets You Running FAST Counts as 2 Devices tronic applications for info on our 4 Relay Model on the NCD RS 232 Network Combine up to 8 GDSPs on alj SV8 Kit 79 Asm 99 R85 5A Kit 109 Asm 139 ones Serial Line GDSP Intro 279 Fully e
159. g lt UL gt tag appear as bullet list items If we had used an ordered list tag OL the site groups would have been num bered in order Each list item lt LI gt begins with a tag that resembles the following lt A HREF gt lt A gt That is the other type of Anchor tag It is a goto tag that specifies where the browser should pick up the next page to display The text string between the quotation marks could specify any legal Web address It could be a page on a site halfway across the world or it could be a different page on the same site as our example is hypothetically running Or it could be a location in the same page which is the way we re using it The pound sign and the text fol lowing it together are known as a bookmark The bookmark could be preceded by a different site and page address or as used here by nothing in which case the goto location is the same page As discussed so far an anchor tag would do nothing However a text string between the anchor s start and end tags where the second ellipsis appears in the figure appears as underlined text in a browser When the user clicks on that underlined text the browser knows that the corresponding bookmark says what to display next and does so The first item in the list specifies Delphi Sites as the goto location Scan down to line 22 and you ll see the actual destination specified by the bookmark in this case Del
160. hanges its resistance accord ing to the pressure applied to it The material indicates how much pressure is applied and where on the film the pressure is applied The latest FSR device l ve seen Interlink demonstrate but will report on in a future column is a new kind of touch pad for notebook computers Traditional touch pads generate a capacitive field above them that re sponds to moisture in your fingertip You don t even have to touch the pad for it to respond find these very flaky in general and I m always inadvertently highlighting cutting and moving text Interlink s touch pad will use much less power by not having to generate the field and should be a lot more pre dictable by requiring a light force on the pad to make it do anything Interlink will OEM the device to certain notebook manufacturers and will also market a standalone touch pad controller that I ll report on as soon as get one This month will discuss Interlink s newly designed HemotePoint Plus a handheld wireless infrared IR mouse It s sort of like a TV remote with a cir cular rubber disc that can be tiltec 360 degrees The tilting motion replaces a mouse s X Y movement by moving the cursor in the direction that the disc is tilted Cursor speed depends on the amount of pressure applied to the edge of the disc You point RemotePoint Plus at a small desktop IR receiver that plugs into your computer s mouse port The transmitter works up to
161. harging facilities nave to have standardized connections Currently two basic means to transfer electricity from the recharging station to the EV are being developed for U S EVs con ductive and inductive charging Many experts in the EV industry be lieve the recharging techniques must be further standardized Otherwise there could be a repeat of the VHS vs Beta videotape controversy Or tne two conductive charging is the most familiar since it is effected by a heaw duty cable and plug like the type used to transfer electricity to ap pliances For EV recharging con ductive charging is bit more compli cated though since information also has to be communicated via the con nection and cable Ford and Chrysier have joined forces to develop a com mon conductive charging system for their production EVs SCI Systems Inc did the actuai development to the specifications of Ford Chrysler five other major automakers electric util ity companies and CARB According to Ford and Chrysler conductive charging was chosen for several reasons Besides being safe it isthe most efficient and cost effective method of charging available Being the traditional method of connecting electrical equipment to power sources it is well understood by elec tricians In addition installation re quires no special tools expensive diagnostic equipment or specialized training Like a clothes dryer the EV charging system would use a unique
162. he point at which timing capacitor C1 charges before feedback and capacitor discharge is initiated The lower Q1 s initial base bias the higher the circuit s repetition rate Re sistor R8 therefore serves as a fre quency control providing nine octaves of coverage The circuit will work from 5 to 25 volts but a 9 volt source is opti mum Output impedance 600 ohms Although designed as a pulse gen erator the circuit can provide other waveforms at various points A saw tooth signal suitable for use as a linear scope sweep is available across C1 For frequency divider sweep genera tor and time marker uses synchoniza tion pulses can be applied to Q1 s base through a small capacitor The frequen cy range can be shifted by using other values for C1 and C2 With values of 100 uF for C1 and 3 pF for C2 the cir cuit will work down to about 1 20 Hz Lower values than those shown in the circuit will permit operation at ultrasonic frequencies but it may be necessary to reduce resistor values to a tenth of those listed except for R3 which should not be less than 100 ohms Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA Very unusual design Interesting purposes too An AC powered supply or at least regulation might make it more stable COMPRESSION AMPLIFIER The output signal level of an organ is dependent upon the setting of the foot pedal volume control the number of stops or voices switched in and the number of keys depressed a
163. he second intermittent Now l d hear loud static whenever I tried to pick up the radio by the upper right hand cor ner of the front panel The second problem was almost as hard to find as the first because it dis appeared completely when turned the chassis upside down That obviously made it very tough to see where the bad wiring was But acting on a hunch that had probably disturbed the wiring while searching for and repairing the first problem looked over the connec tions under the 12AX7 with a careful eye Sure enough found a couple of tube socket connections that were within a hair s breadth of touching No doubt had disturbed them during my earlier explorations Moving them a safe distance apart turned the chassis over again and checked for the prob lem It was gone at last Now I could get back to my realignment SERIOUS TROUBLE SHOOTING BEGINS connected a wire to the output ter minal of the vintage Navy LM frequency meter that use as a signal generator and wrapped the other end around the Star Roamer s 6BE6 converter oscilla tor mixer tube Tuning the LM to the set s IF frequency 455 kHz could hear the LM s modulated tone weakly in the speaker Then connected my equally vintage Ballantine AC VTVM across the speaker terminals so could read signal strength Shutting off the set s AVC as is required for alignment began tweak ing the adjustments of the IF trans formers while watch
164. hem from your air and hcme 2 1 s i 1 i r e L A x 7 i L LI P P in 1 i M HM M M E E a a a M M M M The success of Clearveil is directly attributed to the design of a sleek silent unit that removes smoke microbacteria dust and viruses while replenishing negative ions to levels found in clean mountain air Gary Jones Marketing Director Clearveil Corp Contaminants other filters miss 001 8 c 01 E 2 i Yew T 3 Q S5 eet g b 2 UO You ll feel healthier Negative ions do more than just remove the harmful contaminants from the air that you breathe They can actually improve your environment making it healthier and more envigorating Studies have shown these ions can help increase alert ness and ease tension Risk free Clearveil is backed by Comtrad s exclusive risk free home trial Try it and if you re not totally sat isfied return it within 90 days for a full refund No Questions Asked It also comes with a one year manu acturer s limited warranty We re so sure you ll love what Clearveil does for your environment that for a limited time we re NC offering it at the spe ie cial introductory price uu M of 199 And for credit card customers you can get the Clearveil for three monthly pay ments of 67 We guar antee that you ll notice a dif
165. his is much more effective and faster to react than sonar type autofocus sys tems Simply put whatever you re recording stays in focus For times when the autofocus might not work such as when shooting through glass the autofocus can be turned off and you can focus manually A feature called PROedit makes for smooth transitions between starts and stops and at points of dubbing This feature is made possi ble by the flying erase head con tained within the camcorder The flying erase head is a nice thing to have because home videos are usually the result of many starts stops and dubs An unedited home video is often more boring than the worst B movie and an edited video with lots of junk visible between edits isn t much better The camcorder includes many features that help you make great video But the point behind the course is servicing so let s see how the course teaches that Servicing the Camcorder Plenty of documentation is included with the Camcorder Servicing Course Besides the manual for the course supplied by Heathkit which covers all of the experiments and activities pertaining to the course a cam corder textbook is also thrown in that describes the general mainte nance and repair of camcorders In addition the RCA service manual for the particular camcorder is also included This is the same service manual that an authorized RCA repair shop would use The manual covers all mechanical and electri
166. htly oversaturated How so In the Eye Control Focus mode two beams of infrared light detect the position of your pupil and transmit the data regarding direction and speed to the lens focusing motor Operation is similar in the Eye Control Switch mode You eyeball a function on the Menu displayed at the edges of the viewfinder and it s activated Canon says the IR beams are harmless The system works with eyes i wn p runt M G Thanks to Canon s Eve Control system using the ES6000 camcorder couldn t be simpler Combine that with its other great features like built in optical image stabilizing and you have a superior 12 camcorder BY STEPHEN A BOOTH of virtually any color or shape through prescription glasses or contact lens es anything but opaque or reflective lenses A simple set up process cali brates the system to your eyes There are memories for two settings either for different individuals or for an indi vidual who might sometimes wear eye glasses After this it S set but a Guest mode enables the Eye Control to be recalibrated for other users Eye controlled switching is an alter native to the focus mode In this mode the ES6000 reverts to conventional centered autofocusing In either case the main benefit of eye control is steady videos because generally there s less need to move the camcorder For example with eye controlled effects your hands don t have to fumble for tiny butto
167. i entation of the polarized compo nents Depending on which enclosure you will use the one used in the au thors prototype is specified in the Parts Lis you could mount all the parts except the Piezo speaker ele ment on board and then drill holes to allow access to the parts Otherwise the potentiometers power switch and possibly the jacks will have to be mounted off board and connected with insulated leads When all the on board parts are connected it s time to prepare the enclosure If you will be operating in an area prone to 60 Hz hum or RFI a shielded enclosure should be consid ered rather than the plastic enclosure specified as the Lie Detector is a very high impedance circuit Drill a series of e inch diameter holes evenly spaced in a grid type pattern in the top cabinet half at the approximate location of where you will mount the speaker element inter 14 lLo 2 CW R10 100K T TONE nally Then drill holes for the potenti ometers display module jacks and power switch Use two thin beads of silicone rub ber sealant to mount the speaker in side the cabinet Don t press the speaker down flat rather let it float on the rubber Set the assembly aside to cure the sealant You could also label the controls and use a clear acrylic spray overcoat if desired To compiete the board assembly install the 9 volt battery and the ICs correctly in their sockets and turn on the power Set
168. ice Printed Circuit Board Output CircuitMaker s PCB output capability helps you complete your design cycle by generating a netlist that can be imported into any compatible PCB program This is not a costly add on module it comes standard with every copy of CircuitMaker MicroCode Engineering also offers TraxMaker a professional level PCB layout and autorouting program for just 5299 Used in conjunction with CircuitMaker TraxMaker completes a powerful end to end circuit design system Yeval amp age V efepnoumd Aerrltage Ti 0 0k xe J pm We 22 GB Aree Umea plari E LOR Datuon Aine gay RES ccce ces ves NO ves No NOT NO 99 CircuitMaker Shocks The Cherpatition With An Unbeatable Bottom line 2k s PER Total Customer Satisfaction At MicroCode Engineering we are committed to total customer satisfaction Whei you purchase CircuitMaker you have the confidence of knowing that a trained staf of professionals is available to serve you after the sale Our free unlimited custome service is second to none Whether you have general or technical questions they wil be answered promptly by a knowledgeable representative FREE Functional Demo A free functional demo is available on the Internet at http www microcode corr on CompuServe GO MICROCODE and on America Online by doing a file searcl for CircuitMaker Call now to order or request additional infor
169. iece of perforated board For those using a PC board refer to the parts placement diagram while building the unit To begin HOT PL TI 7C et jE C6 NEUTRAL 22 WIDE BLADE R5 SCR3 1000 C122B SO1 S02 EB Foot Candles HOT SIDE Lamp Simulated Watts assembly attach two wires to the board to allow for connections to toggle switch S1 and AC sockets SO and SC2 The wire leading to S1 should be red signifying a direct connection to the house wiring Install R5 C3 C4 C6 SCR2 and SCR3 to the board being careful to orient correctly the last two parts The thyristors have an on state cur rent of 4 8 amps and a peak reverse voltage of 200 600 volts maximum These parts are strongly recommended because the high conduction angle of the switching in the circuit could lead to compo nent failure Only use the highest rated in terms of amperage SCR available heatsink material is rec ommended for extended service Make the following off board connections shown in the parts placement diagram Attach switch S1 to the red wire you installed then connect the other terminal of the switch to PLI with one lead of an AC line cord make sure to use fhe lead that is nof connected to the wide blade of PL1 Connect the other lead of the line cord the one connected to the wide blade of R1 R6 33K 20K LOW SIDE Fig 2 Here s the schematic for the Lighting System Lamps I1 and I2 plug into AC sock e
170. iles The Phazer begins to scramble both radar and laser signals as lar as three miles away from the speed trap Its range of effectiveness extends to almost 100 feet away from the police car at which point you should be able to make visual contact and reduce your speed accordingly Ticket rebate program Rocky Mountain Radar is so confident that the Phazer will protect you from both radar and laser speed detection devices that if you do get a speeding ticket within the first year while using your Phazer they will pay your fine Encourage responsible driving While the Phazer is designed to help you and me avoid speed traps it is not intended to condone exces sive speeding For that reason the manufacturer will only pay tickets where the speed limit was not exceeded by more than 30 or 15 miles per hour whichever is less Risk free Thanks to the ticket rebate pro gram speed traps don t make my heart Skip a beat anymore Try it Your car will be in visible to police radar and laser or the manufacturer B The Phazer is a completely legal i i way to protect will pay your fine It s n backed by our risk free trial yourser trom speed traps except and three year manufactur d er s warranty If you re not des ien an satisfied return it within 90 Washington DC days for a full No Questions Asked refund The Phazer 199 14 S amp H Please mention promotional code 1901 PL 10225 For fast
171. ime keep ing short my description of what you can accomplish here For starters you re presented with a ticker tape type banner at the top of the screen This news flash banner lets you know what airlines are offering specials and could give you some valuable hints to planning your next trip around whatever fare wars are cur rently being waged ERLLETAM Fires FE be baker ririo Todo a nurs fee oci neuer c recreates QUA nare Srortireer anb on TL Te cela er ah epee Se T i TAH To the right of this page you ll find headline topics of interest These change on occasion but when was last here they included links to special last minute airfare deals and informa tion on how to earn 500 AAdvantage miles on American Airlines by using Travelocity On the same opening page you can choose from Travel Reservations Destinations amp Interests Points of View and Travel Merchandise Let s now spend some time on each of these impressive sites beginning of course with the heart of Travelocity The Travel Reservations section is definitely the area of Travelocity where you ll spend most of your time online BY DAN KARAGIANNIS When you first click on it you re pre sented with several choices Flights Cars Hotels Retrieve Existing Reser vations and Vacation Packages Flights lets you either look through flight timetables and listings of fares pick a particular flight you d like to catch or this is my
172. included _ April 1997 Popular Electronics RO your favorite shows movies and sporting events PO 180 320 2 PO 219 055 e n 000006000 0 8PO 189 110 Liza iian These 1 3 CCD cameras offer a clever means of p disguise Both feature a 3 6mm wide angle lens built in electronic shutter and a 12 VDC power supply Minimum illumination 0 3 lux 400 line resolution Smoke detector decoy camera includes an audio output The Sound Bridge is a mini FM wireless transmitter that can be used to broadcast p Microphone stereo sound from any I audio source like GK portable CD players fti SS TVs electronic games ww zl CD ROM even 22s WSZ computer soundcards d N z to your home stereo A eres recelver Adjustable EP m Xu Camera Lens from 89 to 95 5 MHz Part Description Price i 5 PO 335 535 Smoke detector decoy 249 50 amp PO 249 220 eT VERREM WX LLL o pa PO 335 540 Decoy clock camera 299 95 Don t throw away expensive CDs because of an noying mistracking and skipping errors The Memorex CD Repair kit contains enough solution and ma terlals to clean and repair 12 compact discs VPO 249 080 Leur errans ai Deluxe probe kit features a modular design for longer life switchable 10 1 probe with 150 MHz band width 2 8 ns rise time and adjust able capacitance from 10 35 pF 60 in length PO 390 100 This cordless refillable butane pow
173. ine maga zine can give me LARRY COOK 362 East South Street Richland Center WI 53581 2721 m Announcing mentalMAX The First All In One Circuit Design Software Package Only 549 SuperCAD s ELLE Supp PIC Ree Cees SRELEEETO Complete Schematic Entry Software mentalMAX includes the easy to use powerful SuperCAD sche matic entry software SuperCAD comes with nearly 1800 parts in cluding most TTL and CMOS logic opamps discrete symbols and others plus you can easily add custom symbols Because of our association with McGraw Hill in producing the En cyclopedia of Electronic Circuits CD ROM available separately for 99 the SuperCAD schematic editor is fast becoming a stan dard for schematic entry The Encyclopedia includes 1000 SuperCAD schematics in 142 different categories audio radio etc that can be used as a starting point for designs Mixed Mode SPICE Simulator For simulating purely analog circuits or circuits with some digital components mentaMAX includes mentalSPICE This simulator is based on the Berkeley SPICE 3FS simulator and allows you to do timing analysis frequency analysis DC curve analysis and others It comes with over 350 semiconductor and 250 IC models Signals can be introduced into a circuit using a virtual function generator and the resulting waveforms can be viewed in the Oscilloscope window Digital Simulator For heavy duty analysis of computer interfaces timers state ma
174. ing 1 2 million places and over 8000 web links this is the biggest world atlas ever and ail for only 54 95 l ve also got Microsoft s latest release of its interactive movie guide CineMania 97 This one contains all you d ever want to know and more about more than 25 000 movies who starred in them what they re about the director the producer and so on All information is cross referenced For example if you know one movie some one has been in all the others will show up as well There are also plenty of still images video clips movie reviews from respected critics and other fascinating information CineMania can also sug m ur s t x EE CUI WAGES CT WELSS PU EL ape P m WHERE TO GET IT e 4 DreamWorks Interactive 640 North Sepulveda Blvd amp Los Angeles CA 80049 A CIRCLE 60 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 546 Flynn Road Camarillo CA 83012 CIRCLE 61 ON FREE x INFORMATION CARD Interlink Electronics E m LucasArts Entertainment Company POBoax10307 San Hatael CA 94912 CIRCLE 62 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD MGI Software Corp 40 West Wilmot Street Aichmand Hill Ontario Canada L4B 1H8 CIRCLE 83 ON FREE e INFORMATION CARD Microsoft Corporation One Microsaft Way Redmond WA 88052 i CIRCLE 564 ON FREE LS AR MATIN GARD wag Shee gest movies for you to watch based on types and topics If you like movies you ll find this disc to be valuable Microsoft ap
175. ing constant elec trode pressure and contact area are maintained during testing The resis tance change is most easily observed at the fingers and palms of the hands and the soles of the feet Because the degree of perspiration is related to stress levels in the body stress directly affects skin resistance The more stressed or excited you be come the more you perspire and skin resistance drops accordingly Strangely enough not all skin areas seem to be affected equally and tend to behave actively at one fime and then become inactive at other times Obviously galvanic skin response is ripe for further experimentation as far as different types of electrode cor tacts and placement are concerned The Lie Detector presented here is just BHL Ini DETECTOR Monitor your skin s change in resistance for varying stress levels with this sensitive bio feedback type instrument BY SKIP CAMPISI the too required for advanced ex perimentation having all of the ca pabilities for expansion with precise control of GSR measurements already incorporated in its design Circuit Description Jo make an accurate resistance measurement of any type a stable constant current generator of some type is the basic recuirement Due to the small contact area of the electrodes used for the prototype instrument the skin resis tance to be measured is in the megohm range thus the current re quired for a usable output voltage
176. ing in English Standard Chinese Cantonese Khmer Indonesian Burmese and Vietnamese will be relayed by the new station The relay broadcast facility is being built on an 800 acre site made available to the U S Information Agency the VOA s parent organization by the Department of Defense DOWN THE DIAL Looking for some interesting short wave listening Try these ALGERIA 15 160 kHz Radio Algers International can be heard at 1800 UTC with English news commentary and program preview AUSTRALIA 9580 kHz Radio Australia has English at 1030 UTC with identification international and business news followed by a musical program BOLIVIA 9 625 kHz Radio Fides has been noted through the evening hours until sign off at 0506 UTC Pro gramming is all in Spanish with a disc jockey playing Bolivian rhythms and ballads and taking phone in requests GERMANY 15 600 kHz Ireland s RTE Radio One is airing special pro grams via a transmitter owned by Deutsche Telekom in Germany This has been heard signing on just before 1400 UTC It identifies as It s RTE Radio One coming to you live MEXICO 9 705 kHz Radio Mexico International has English language news of Latin America at 0300 UTC fol lowed by a cultural affairs report and light music It switches back to Spanish at 0330 UTC SAO TOME 4 750 kHz Voice of America is relayed from this island loca tion off the west coast of Africa Look for it signing on
177. ing of a relaxed subject to use as a reference point for changing conditions it s impossible to tell whether that person is lying or just going through some kind of biological fluctuations peculiar to him or her Does that mean polygraphs don t work Or that they only work some times on some people Well we decided to let you try to figure out for yourselves the answers to these questions this month by presenting our own Lie Detector Of course building a complete polygraph is impractical for most That s why our Lie Detector works by monitoring just one of the fac tors mentioned earlier a subject s changing skin resistance Once you build the unit you can gather your friends and have some fun trying to figure out who s telling the truth or not Or perhaps you d just like to practice varying your skin resistance by using the Lie Detector as a biofeedback device Either way we re sure you ll enjoy experimenting with GSR The story begins on page 31 Dan Karagiannis Editor Your Ultimate Source For Electronic Components Internet Access e 24 hours a day seven days a week Online ordering amp stock status di Fast efficient parts search e No minimum order 1 for Availability of Product 1 for On Time Delivery 1 for Overall Performance Same Day Shipment on orders entered by 5 00 p m central time April 1997 Popular Electronics A Call To Our Readers POPULAR ELECTRONICS NEEDS YOU Are you loo
178. ing the meter The adjustments seemed very sloppy and broad and no amount of tweaking did much to increase the strength of the signal coming through the IF channel Obviously IF realignment by itself was not going to correct this problem Lack of AVC action broad IF tuning and distorted audio are classic symp toms of a bad AVC filter capacitor To check that looked at the table of typi cal tube pin resistance readings in the Star Roamer s construction manual It told me that the reading from pin 7 the control grid of the 6BE6 converter tube to ground should be 3 4 megohms just a little more than the value of AVC load resistor R7 a full page schemat ic of the radio was reproduced in last month s column space doesn t permit its inclusion this month It was obvious from the schematic that if the filter capacitor which is con nected from the AVC line to ground were leaky or shorted that resistance value would become relatively small or even zero The cap is labeled C19 on the schematic shown last month The resistance turned out to be about 200 000 ohms so quickly removed C19 a 0 1 uF 16 volt disc and re placed it with an equivalent unit FINAL ALIGNMENT That brought the set to life in a very satisfying way Signals were stronger the sound was clean and could Fear signals on the shortwave bands even with just a few feet of antenna wire draped around the workshop Peaking the IF transformers once more
179. ion techniques and step by step direc tions for the most popular drawing tools The accompanying CD ROM features a collection of 3D objects and textures that can be used immediately a sample of every 3D model shown in the images in the book and textured models The author a professional computer graphics artist reveals his in depth knowledge of software tools and hands on modeling techniques Readers learn how to design 3D artwork that is opti mized for real time create realistic 3D objects that render at a high frame rate master industry standard tools such as 3D Studio and Photoshop and create graphics for different platforms includ ing PC Macintosh Sony Playstation Nintendo and Sega How to Create om Real Tinve 3D Models for Games and Virtual Reality Josh White Designing 3D Graphics costs 39 95 and is published by John Wiley amp Sons Inc 605 Third Avenue New York NY 10158 0012 Tel 800 225 5945 Web http www wileycom compbooks CIRCLE 92 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD S91u04129 3 1e ndog 7661 judy N wo e April 1997 Popular Electronics RETAILERS THAT SELL OUR MAGAZINE MONTHLY Alaska Frigid North Co 1207 W 36th Avenue Anchorage AK 99503 California California Electronics 221 N Johnson Ave El Cajon CA 90202 Ford Electronics 8431 Commonwealth Avenue Buena Park CA 90621 All Electronics 14928 Oxnard Street Van Nuys CA 91411 Gateway Electronics of CA
180. ipping and handling NJ residents please include appropriate sales tax Please allow 4 to 6 weeks for delivery PL1 to one terminal of each of the two AC sockets Connect the other terminals to the remaining lead you soldered to the board earlier You now have to test the partial ly assembled board before you can proceed with assembly Plug a stan 2 INCHES Fig 3 This is a full size foil pattern for the Lighting System PC board dard 120 volt lamp into SO1 and plug PLI into an AC outlet Use an alligator clip equipped jumper to briefly connect the gates of SCR2 and SCR3 to the AC hot side The lamp should light If the lamp is on all the time or it does not light check that the SCRs are installed correctly and not overheat ing and the circuit components are of the correct voltage rating Unplug the circuit from the outlet and connect SCRI and C2 to the board Plug in PL1 again and test the circuit as just described Once you re sure the aforementioned components are working properly mount the remaining components to the PC board as shown in Fig 4 Verify that you can vary the con duction angle with R4 although it is board mounted in the prototype potentiometer R4 can be replaced with an off board component Setup and Use As hinted at earli er you will need to select a con duction angle using R4 To do this connect a standard 100 watt 120 volt AC lamp to the circuit Adjust R4 until
181. j ects micropower broadcasting broadcast transmitters amplifiers antennas secret books start your own radio station and more Send 1 00 to PAN COM INTERNATIONAL PO Box 130 P4 Paradise CA 95967 AWESOME Kits Voice changers levitators lasers gas sensors and more Catalog 1 00 LNS TECHNOLOGIES 20993 Foothill Bivd Suite 307P Hayward CA 94541 www ccnet com Instech BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES START your own technical venture Don Lan casters newly updated Incredible Secret Money Machine Il tells how We now have autographed copies of the Guru s underground classic for 18 50 SYNERGETICS PRESS Box 8C9 C Thatcher AZ 85552 520 428 4073 Visa MC TELEVISION pays Market the fastest selling most advanced digital minidish satellite hom en tertalnment system Discount prices You profit Free information STAR VISION DIRECT 800 899 9707 Bam 10pm Pacific EASY work Excellent pay Assembie products at home Call toll free 1 800 467 5566 Ext 5730 HOME Based Travel Agency 495 00 Overview 800 42 9304 Ext 21928 DR MITTEN 847 872 5727 EDUCATION FCC CET software General Radiotelephone CET preparation Five 3 5 inch diskettes Q A for mat interactive comprehensive EGA VGA Complete program 35 00 TUTOR TECH 170 Locksunart Way 2 Sunnyvale CA 94087 408 481 9543 INVENTORS PATENT Trademark Copyright Searches Ap plications C J HUSAR amp ASSOCIATES
182. king for a challenging and rewarding change of career If you are a Popular Electronics reader and live in the Long Island area we might have just the position for you to take on We re looking for someone with a background in electronics as well as excellent communication skills to fill our current opening for an Associate Editor Why not put your love of elec tronics to work for you This is an on the site permanent position no freelancers or telecom muters will be considered If you re interested send a resume and cover letter with salary requirements to Dan Karagiannis Editor Popular Electronics 500 Bi County Blvd Farmingdale NY 11735 We offer an attractive health and dental care package and are an equal opportunity employer If you d like to be a part of the mag azine that s brought you the best in electronics for years we want to hear from you kEditor WHERE ARE ALL THE CORRECTIONS l ve been reading Popular Electronics for about five years now and have built several of the projects that you published However have a question haven t noticed any correc tions in your Letters column for a while have you stopped publishing them Also are you planning on posting corrections to your Web site so we can access them quicker The reason I m asking is l ve built things in the past had them not work and then found a correction a couple of months later that explains whatever problems encou
183. ktop nroductian director Lisa Baynon desktop production Kathy Campbell production assistant ART DEPARTMENT Andre Duzant ucl director Russell Truelson ilistratar CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT Jacqueline P Cheeseboro circulation director Theresa Lombards Circulafinn assistant Michele Torrilla POPULAR ELECTRONICS bookstore BUSINESS AND EDITORIAL OFFICES Crermsback Publications ie gt s 300 Bi Cavrily Bivd Faeminadale NY 11 35 okSS 293 3000 FAK S16 293 3115 Websites www germsback com President Larry Stecklar SUBSCRIPTION CUSTOMER SERVICE ORDER ENTRY HSOCO 877 383 7 3 AM S30 PALEST Advertising Sales Offices listed on page 102 Composition by Mates Groohics Cover fllustratian by Michel Linley ABC AUDITED Since some ot the aquepmeantand cireuil ry described in POPULAR ELECTRONICS may relata ta or be covered by US patents POPULAR ELECTRONICS dis claims any liability For the infringement of such patents by tha making using or selling of such equipment ci circuitry and suggests thal anyone imterestad in puch projects condull a patent attarney TraxMaker A Virtual Environment For Growing Printed Circuit Boards Finally a low cost easy to use professional quality PCB design tool TraxMaker is a Printed Circuit Board PCB layout program that supports multiple layers along with full auto placement of components and autorouting of tracks TraxMaker makes good design
184. l logging contesting and awards tracking automated QSL card processing directional anten na aiming radio propagation pre diction antenna design and mod eling satellite tracking and anten na control CW and RTTY reception and transmission and support for packet radio and other digital communications modes Other hamshack computer applications you may enjoy include support for image communications such as fax WeFax SSTV and FSTV electronic circuit design and performance calculation CD ROM based callsign lookup and online communications m BUILD A LIGHTING SYSTEM Continued from page 44 conduction angle Use Table 1 to set your Lighting System for light levels that mimic 75 60 50 40 and 25 watt lamps With the potentiometer set you can complete the Lighting System by mounting it in a plastic electrical box with an AC receptacle cover You can also modify a small project box No matter what enclosure you use however never touch any of the components while the circuit is plugged in and turned on If the glow of the lamp seems to waver check that other appliances on the circuit are in good condi tion Also check that all outlets have fhe proper polarity house wiring testers are available for this purpose appliances with reverse polarity can adversely affect the circuit Ej BY JOHN J YACONO Craig s Back With a Vengeance x his month we ve got various cir cuits from a former con
185. le The IA 1 kir 14 95 kit is made with Surface mounted parts we have IA 1 CABINET 8 95 already mounted these pale ae is leaded a om arts Power requirement 6 to 12v DC Size 35 x 9 DIGITAL THERMOMETER kir 34 95 STROBE LIGHT Do you need an attention getter warning light or flashing light for model air planes Then this kit is for you Use it as an emer gency light for your auto radio tower even use il on your bicycle Has a variable I flash rate Power requirement 6 or 12v DC Size 3 5 x1 9 ST kir 11 95 FM STEREO TRANSMITTER Own your own FM radio station Any stereo sig nal you plug into the FMST 100 will be trans S nd mitted to any FM radio tuneable from 76 to 108MHz FM Transmit a wire less link through an auditorium from your car to your camper listen to your CD s while mowing the lawn Play music on one channel sing on the other Clarity is excellent aprox 40dB stereo separation Length of antenna determines the distance of trans mission Complete with stereo input level controls amp crystal for stereo separation 9v battery operation SIZE 1 5 x 2 5 x3 FMST 100 MMWMS The DT 3 kit will turn your digital volt ohm 2 meter into an accurate digital thermome E ter with 1 degree resolution Measure temperatures from 40 to 250F The remote sensor is 25 sq and can be mounted many feet from the meter Power requirement 9V DC SIZE 2 x 1 35 KIT 8 95
186. li induces hypnotic E trances HYP2K Kit with Book 39 95 EH2 Hypnosis Book amp n mel ZI 95 19 50 Parabolic Mic Phasor Sonic Blast Blast Pistol can heara Rids areas of unwanted pests Trains and conditions wild and E Long Range A Ultra Ear nd i 20 dish uses satellite v Enhances wie 1 Telephone EA S hearing 3 4 times P jLine Grabber Z Adjustable volume control whisper E domestic animals Great for amp id s technology to capture on bams attics cellars E yr fits easily info either Infinity Transmit M eter sonis PME TEL 8 00 IL PPPIK KitPlans 39 50 ear me det men Use tone phone anywher in the world to PMSK KIt Plans T To uw p ee ae Cady to use Monitor your premises avoid break ins REN aes i lonowinded ki Optional Wireless Retrofit transmits Access ongoing calls longwinded kids css Sour 20 DM teal Control up to 8 appliances in your home Re direct costly toll calls from pay phones NK Kit fer Wirgluse oon TELCON3 Plans credit to purch 10 00 Tor TELCON3K Plans Kit 99 50 FireBall Gun LTELCON30 Ready to Use 149 50 Shoots flaming ball two shot 7 capacity Great for special effects and T remote fire starting CAUTION REQUIRED
187. lor contamina tion the test that would reveal the presence of unwanted color when the camcorder s trained on a black and white test pattern In resolution the ES6000 is typical of Hi8 camcorders 360 lines of hori zontal resolution recorded to tape at the video output This is close to the TABLE 1 TEST RESULTS The following test results were furnished by the Advanced Product Evaluation Laboratory an independent testing facility located in Bethel CT Brand Canon Model ES 6000 Price 1 699 Weight Video Measurements 2 25 pounds including battery and cassette Minimum Illumination 10 0 lux Resolution Video Output 360 lines Camera 450 lines Signal to Noise Ratio Video Output Chroma AM 42 0 dB Luminance 41 9 dB Signal to Noise Ratio Camera Chroma AM 49 3 Luminance 41 2 Color Contamination 9 IRE White Balance 5 IRE Streaking Lag Image Retention Excellent Color Quality see Fig 1 Phase Accuracy Excellent Chroma Saturation Minimum Focus Distance Slight oversaturation Telephoto 31 inches Macro 0 25 inch Audio Measurements Signal to Noise Ratio 59 2 dB Maximum Output built in mic 0 72 volts Input Sensitivity external mic 4 7 millivolts As a member of the Electronics Engineers Book Club you ll enjoy receiving Club bulletins every 3 4 weeks containing exciting offers on the latest books in the field at savings of up to 50 off the regular publish
188. lso works with transparency slides and offers another neat trick Besides recording photos to video you could use the camcorder in camera mode to input photos directly to a per sonal computer without the added expense of a photo scanner Whence the importance of the ES6000 s 450 line camera resolution r4 gt C BOR MORE INFORMATION E Canon USA Inc oe SENT One Canon Plaza zo DER 7 Lake Success NY 11042 Fa rm CIRCLE 82 ONFREE INFORMATION CARD Ei Ae x Turn Your Multimedia PC into a Powerful Real Time Spectrum Analyzer Features 20 kHz real time bandwith Fast 32 bit executable Dual channel analysis Up to 65 536 pt FFT Octave analysis 1 1 1 24 THD IMD SNR measurements Signal Generation Digital Filtering Triggering Decimation Transfer Functions Coherence Dynamic Data Exchange DDE Time Series Spectrum Phase Spectrogram and 3 D Surface plots Real Time Recording and Post Processing modes Applications Distortion Analysis Frequency Response Testing Vibration Measurements Acoustic Research system Aequirements 486 CPU or greater 8 MB RAM minimum Win 95 NT or Win 3 1 Win 32s Mouse and Math coprocessor PHS Sales 360 697 3472 Pioneer Hill Software 24460 Mason Rd N W Poulsbo WA 98370 Fax 360 697 7717 Real Time FFT Analyzer singie channel Options Dual Channel Operation Recording Post Pross
189. lt output signal The actual output voltage of course will depend on the Zener diode voltage tolerances If a particular application requires an accurately known output voltage a sim ple test will establish this value Disconnect R4 s upper lead the one continued on page 61 S91u0419913 Jejndog 7661 judy 59 April 1997 Popular Electronics Antioue Radio Roaming the Stars Once More are ss t the conclusion of last month s ing through the strongest station on the column was hoping to wrap up our work on the Star Roamer with a quick realignment However was stymied by an intermittent connection that made the set s audio cut in and out in a random and unpredictable fashion For those who might just have joined us the Star Roamer was a Knight Kit Allied Radio s house brand low end communications receiver that was a 6 An annoying intermittent connection was finally discovered in the tangle of wires associated with the 12AX7 tube socket popular starter set for SWLs and would be hams in the mid 1960s Mine was rescued in pretty good cosmetic condi tion from a trash can by a friend After changing the filter capacitors and re placing the selenium rectifier with a modern silicon unit tried it out and discovered that the set would receive only on the broadcast band Even those signals were weak as well as distorted at higher volume On top of that there was no AVC automatic volum
190. ly created Choose either Metric or English units e Maximum resolution of 001 inches 1 mil e Maximum board size of 32 x 32 inches LLLI f foe LI Al oy int i ale li Tt t IEEE SS c amc remm Umm ewr wre Ltd Sbi2 9blo2 esposen eo Call Now to Order or FREE Functional Demo Request Additional Information Product literature and a free functional TraxMaker demo are available on the Internet at http www microcode com on CompuServe GO MICROCODE and on America Online ME a by doing a file search for TraxMaker D VISA c nm o da MicroCode Engineering Inc 573 West 1830 North Suite 4 Orem UT 84057 2030 USA Phone 801 226 4470 Fax 801 226 6532 Internet http www microcode com CIRCLE 171 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD iCS April 1997 Popular Electron P EARN YOUR B S DEGREE COMPUTERS By Studying at Hom Grantham College of Engineering now in our 46th year is highly experi enced in distance education teaching by correspondence through printed materials computer materials fax modem and phone No commuting to class Study at your own pace while continuing on your present job Learn from easy to understand but complete and thorough lesson materials with additional help from our instructors Grantham offers three separate distance education programs leading to the follow ing accredited degrees 1 The B S E T with Major Emphasis in Electro
191. m uses negative ions to actively remove contaminants better than any other filter and operate in total silence by Vicky S Hindelang effective air purification method But the tech nology behind Clearveil is significantly more advanced Scientific studies have shown Clearveil to be more effec IL ADVANTAGE tive in capturing a higher No noise Because it percentage of even the doesn t rely on a fan Clear smallest contaminants veil operates in perfect HEPA filters have a cer silence 24 hours a day tain level of permeability because they must allow air to pass through them This means that small dust par ticles including bacteria viruses smog and tobacco smoke are also free to pass But Clearveil s non per meable sheet doesn t allow those particles to escape This makes a big difference to anyone concerned with pure pollutant free air o you have a problem with the air in your home Is it musty and stale Do you sneeze the second you walk in the door Are you bothered by tobacco smoke dust dander or odors Trust me you are not alone But because you don t want a bulky noisy air filter you just live with the problem A remarkable new product is now avail able that ends this com promise Clearveil 250 s compact design rids your home of airborne contaminants and oper ates in total silence No misses Because it doesn t draw air through a filter Clearveil
192. m writing simple programs to controlling motors This trainer can be used stand alone via the keypad and display or connected to a PC with the optional upgrade 49 95 The Upgrade includes an RS232 serial port a serial cable 32K of battery backed RAM and Assembler Terminal software EP ERIM SNS USING THE PRIMER INCLUDE Measuring Temperature Using a Photocell to Detect Light Levels Making a Waveform Generator Constructing a Capacitance Meter Motor Speed Control Using Back EMF Interfacing and Controlling Stepper Motors Scanning Keypads and Writing to LCD LED Displays Using the Primer as an EPROM Programmer The PRIMER is only 119 95 in kit form The PRIMER Assembled amp Tested is 169 95 Please add 5 00 for shipping within the U S Picture shown with upgrade option and optional heavy duty keypad 29 95 installed EA inc Full Channel Viewing Movies F ights Events Call Now Save One Year Warranty 1985 1996 Credit OVER Cordi P O BOX 2042 CARBONDALE IL 62902 10 QUALITY ELECTRONICS 618 529 4525 Fax 457 0110 BBS 529 5708 Lors Many of our kits are available completely built TV NOTCH FILTERS FOR CHANNELS 2 thru 22 Our TV filters eliminate unwanted TV channels or interference that alters both sound and video with a beep beep beep Works on cable channels 2 thru 22 only NOTE All TV Filt
193. mation 800 419 4242 Ee VA E m MicroCode Engineering Inc 573 W 1830 N Suite 4 Orem UT 84057 2030 USA Phone 801 226 4470 Fax 801 226 6532 Internet http www microcode com y CIRCLE 157 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
194. me 30 day moneyback quarantee Free catalog PROFORMANCE ELECTRONICS INC 1 800 815 1512 CABLE descrambler Anyone can build in seven steps with Radio Shack parts Plans kit from 5 00 plus free bonus 1 800 818 9103 DESCRAMBLE cable using simple circuit E Z to follow instructions 10 00 Complete kit with free Bullet Stopper 20 00 1 800 122 8053 CABLE Bullet Terminator and I D Blocker Electronically shields yourself and your box Free Hackers Guide included Lifetime guarantee Wholesale prices 1 800 820 9024 BIG Sate Notch fitters 18 00 External Ac tivators 125 00 Descramblers from 99 00 Test chips from 5 00 Bultet i D 10 00 Name brand cable descrambiers from 135 00 Let us beat your best price 1 800 449 9189 Any time CABLE TV descramblers One piece units Pi oneer 6310 s Scientific Atlanta 8580s DPV7 s and others Lowest prices Money back guaran tee Houston TX 713 691 4610 CABLE test chips Jerrold Pioneer Tocom Sci entific Atlanta Zenith Jerrold cubes Pioneer pro grammable cubes HUDSON 1 800 863 3237 CABLE TV notch filters Request our free bro chure by calling our voicemail at 1 800 433 6319 or write to STAR CIRCUITS PO Box 94917 Las Vegas NV 89193 DESCRAMBLE cable with simple circuit added to Radio Shack RF modulator and using VCR as tuner instructions 10 00 TELCOM Box 832P04 Brusiy LA 70719 ZENITH compatible test chips activate
195. mitting station resends the packet If the data can t be delivered intact transmis sion is aborted Finally there s automatic control One advantage of packet is the ability for many users to use the same frequency simultaneously With VHF UHF packet you can operate in an automatic control mode and leave your station and its mailbox on at all times some view packet as a tool to enhance their overall enjoyment of the hobby others go further using packet as their main means of on the air communication With these thoughts in mind let s detail the most popular applications of VHF UHF packet today You can use packet radio to communicate directly with other amateurs even over long distances using a packet radio network Thus you may find yourself chatting with an amateur in the same town in the next state or even halfway around the earth without using HF Many packet operators commu nicate using BBS technology which lets you transfer mail and bulletins over the network Like telephone line BBSs PBBSs promote time shift ing you can transfer information between users who needn t be on the air and connected to the BBS at the same time Besides mail and bulletins many PBBSs also have a file section and some PBBSs offer additional services A recent refinement is the use of packet radio for DX spotting to announce the presence of choice DX stations they find on HF DX spotting allows hundreds of con
196. month from DreamWorks Interactive The first one is Goose bumps Escape From HorrorLand where you are trapped in a scary theme park It s based on RL Stine s series of children S books Someone s in the Kitchen is a musical multimedia title that lets kids experiment in the kitchen without making a mess Kids can follow recipes or create their own and they learn about food and kitchen safety along the way The Neverhood is a mul timedia adventure game with photo realistic environments created from over three tons of clay You play the hero Klaymen and must save the Neverhood from Klogg an out of con trol clay creation E Scanning the Wild Blue Yonder Using the CD ROM through a Windows program you can look up any aircraft by its tail number or its owner s name or by its category its make and model or its engine make and model Remember that an aircraft s tail regis eronautical monitoring is one of the rare aspects of the hobby that offers scanner owners a taste of DXing High altitude aircraft can be monitored while they are several hun dred miles off into the distance To add Search by Tail Number 785C TYPE THE TUE E WO N is XDESSREDE ro U S A 3 S Br zm TEC BEECH nw digi TI785AR C CESSNA f 785AU BOEING EA E BEA E STINSON 785EL uds EDWARDL 2 ez depu M 2250 nn L 1293A1121 Ej Ef THORP 48 necs daB B ure o p ME FE SP ees SR eats E ie oe SUE big cere C Dan
197. musement park shopping mall or downtown and start building your own frequency database See below for list of other compatible Scout Reaction Tune receivers Automatically tunes the AR2700 to the frequency captured tel Takes guess work out of scanning for active frequencies tal Records and saves up to 400 frequencies in memory fa Records up to 255 hits on each frequency in memory Interface to a PC for frequency download using the optional Optolinx PC Interface T uoi beeps indicate frequency hits pager style vibrator for discreet recording Automatic EL backlight for night operation bal 6 segment RF signal strength bargraph Frequencies are automatically saved when unit is turned off JOMHzball 4GHz Frequency Range so Reaction Tunes AOR AR8000 ICOM R7000 R7100 and R9000 Radio Shack Pro 2005 2006 OS456 installed and Radio Shack Pro 2035 2042 OS535 installed Ww Modification to AR2700 required for Reaction tune Instructions included in Scout manual TT T HAT if M E EHE i Brel AOR AR2700 scanner not sold by Optoelectronics FACTORY DIRECT ORDER LINE 800 327 5912 5821 NE 14th Avenue Ft Lauderdale FL 33334 Visa Mastercard C O D Prices and Specifications are subject to change without notice or obligation INNOVATE UCTS TEL 954 771 2050 FAX 954 771 2052 Email opto igc net CMM A Internet www optoelectronics com ES CIRCLE 43 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
198. n VHF and UHF packet stations Amateurs also have used earth moon earth EME or moon bounce communications to bounce their own beacon signals off the moon and listen to them on the rebound Two way moon bounce is a little more difficult now ever as EME signals typically are very weak and flutter y DSP Digital Magic A promising technology that can dramatically enhance your hobby enjoyment is digital signal processing DSP DSP represents a highly flexible entirely digital approach to decoding encoding modulating demodulat ing and filtering signals for various operating modes Unlike regular analog communi cations processors DSP units use sofrware to encode and decode signals so they aren t dependent on specialized hardware In DSP sys tems the incoming audio is con verted into digital data for very effective thorough processing by the DSP software which rejects noise and interference according to the specified bandwidth The result of this processing is converted back into audio for your MCP Most applications have focused on receiver filtering where DSP based CW filters add narrow razor sharp selectivity to receivers that lack it Since DSP filters are virtual existing only in microprocessors they also can offer adaptive filter ing to react to changing condi tions automatically reduce noise or hiss on weak signals and notch out interference DSP filters are being used to per
199. n 50 pF the output cable from J2 should be short coax or a twisted pair if long runs are required As you can see the Lie Detector is a very flexible GSR monitor requiring only your imagination for applications and experiments Try using it to help you relax As for its name can it really detect lies You ll have to build one and judge far yourself ia ii i TE This time I think it s definitely a hardware problem ANTIQUE RADIO eoa Free Sample zt iy Antique Radio s ae T Largest Circulation Monthly Articles Ads amp Classifieds o M 6 Month Trial 18 95 1 Yr 36 95 n 95 1st Class A R C P O Box 802 L16 Carlisle MA 01741 Phone 508 371 0512 VISA MC Fax 508 371 7129 BY BILL SIURU F finally here Electric vehi cles EVs have hit the streets of America Late last year Gener al Motors introduced the EV electric powered coupe which is currently available from Saturn dealers in Los Angeles San Diego Phoenix and Tuc son The GM EV is essentially the same as the Impact that GM began build ing in 1992 but with a big difference Instead of running on gas it has 26 12 volt lead acid modules that deliver energy Under the hood theres a 137 horsepower electric motor driving the front wheels Top speed is 80 MPH and the EV can accelerate from 0 60 MPH in 7 7 seonds Depending on terrain tempera ture use of accessories driving style etc the EV c
200. n a PCB 70mm and 63 37 031 diameter This is prime JIS i ere be ala T the back of the PCB and it works aims us Ne with light as low as 0 1 lux It is IR Yar ne wd d Responsive for use in total dark f A ness It comes with six IR LED s on poard it connects TO any Tired of Paying Inflated J AW standard monitor AUX or video input on a VCR or through a Prices for Solder PRICEEACH video modulator to a TV Works with a REGULATED 12V power CATNO DESCRIPTION 1 10 25 supply 11V 13V Hooksup by connectiong three wires redto RH60 1 l Ib Spool 031 60 40 690 5 96 530 12V black to ground power amp video and brown to video RH63 1 1 Ib Spool 031 63 37 695 6 10 5 4 Signal output RH60 4 4 4 Ib Spool 031 60 40 2400 2190 17 92 Power Supply Regulating Ki for CA H34 This simple RH60 TUBE 6 02 Tube 031 60 40 99 89 79 kit is designed to fit onto the back of the CA H34 CCD PRICEEACH camera It resolves the problem of hooking up the camera to CATNO DESCRIPTION 1 5 an UNREGULATED supply which damages the camera by hen H34A PCBMountedIRCCD Camera 99 00 8500 providing safe regulated power from any 12V 14V DC supply Power Supply Regulating Kit 695 It also provides regulated 12V DC trom a 12V AC source ITITTIT SEE OUR ON LINE CATALOG AT Il http www cir com CIRCUIT SPECIALISTS INC _ RECEIVE OUR LATEST 132 PAGE CATALOG It s chock full of all types of electronic equipment andsupplies We ve g
201. n t like its basic and arguably inefficient premise of using whole bands of frequencies But it has potential advantages in being able to resist interference and share frequency bands with other users Image Communication Modes Many amateurs effectively extend the PC and home video revolutions to amateur radio They send and receive images by graphical modes such as fax facsimile FSTV 21u04 29 3 1ejndogd 7661 judy go Popular Electronics April 1997 fast scan television and SSTV slow scan television sometimes the latter two modes are lumped together as amateur TV or ATV SSTV and fax can be handled by multimode hardware interfaces and appropriate PC software The more advanced MCPs offer a sort of one stop communications cen ter for various on the air modes including CW RTTY PacTOR AMTOR fax SSTV and more Fax is the oldest amateur image mode Offering higher image resolu tion than SSTV or even FSTV fax sends a high resolution photocopy of a two dimensional image of a piece of paper or a still photo graph Today amateur faxes usually are sent using PCs equipped with spe cial software The images sent may be in any one of several different formats that may be displayed as received or saved to a disk file for later viewing Color fax also is possi SUGGESTED READING Books Baker Keith KBISF How to Use the Amateur Radio Satellites Third Edition Washington DC The Radio Am
202. n the lab or in the field your suecess depends as much on your choice of test accessories as it does on tae accuracy of your instruments That s why professionals all over the world put their trust in Tenma From tes equipment to test accessories Tenma products offer the performance and dependability professionals demand The new line of Tenma test accessories comply with IEC1010 inzernational standards and gre designed with the safety af the user in mind So whether its design or repair rely cn Tenma to get the job done i SMD Surface Mount Tweezer Set 76 001 Reg 16 95 s Announcing Basic Thain MCM Electronics Is now Accessory Kit 1509002 Certified 876 081 Reg 27 Deluxe Test Accessory Kit 05 876 032 Reg 53 gi 95 To get these discounts 20 Certificate No RS 35690 soit phe patr c POP39 Same Day Shipping In stock orders received by 5 00p m YOUR TIME Authorized ncA 6 are shipped the same day from distribution centers near Reno NV and Dayton OH Panasonic Premier zt s gt Prices effective from February 17 oe ae ees Distributor through March 29 1997 Original Parts Distributor mw To order or receive a FREE catalog Call MOA 9 Te 1 800 543 4330 Hours M F 7 a m 9 p m Sat 9 a m 6 p m EST MCM ELECTRONICS 650 CONGRESS PARK DR CENTERVILLE OH 45459 A PREMIER FARNELL Company CODE POP39 CIRCLE 151 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
203. n up the box you should note that the unit is brand new under factory warranty and shouldn t require any servicing for years to come It s just that the course makes it so tempting to open up the camcorder and start disassembling it But that is the intent of the course and Heathkit has obviously done its job well Heathkit s Camcorder Servicing Course sells for 1295 While that sounds steep at first remember that the course includes a brand new camcorder and everything you need to keep it working forever well almost 1 FOR MORE INFORMATION Y T A Heath Company ae gu a Banton Harbor MI 49022 Do 7 Tel amp DD stair he Ad E Ic 1776 East 17th Street Cleveland OH 44114 216 781 9400 1 800 243 6445 Independent study from CIE will give you the skills you need to win your own independence in a successful career At CIE we pride ourselves in keeping pace with the latest developing technolo gies In turn this assures our students that upon graduation they can mesh seamlessly into a variety of exciting and rewarding technology based careers Back in the 1930 s we specialized in teaching radio and television sciences Today it s computer technology program ming robotics broad cast engineering information systems management and the electronics behind it all But some things have not changed like the
204. nfrared light emitting diode LED1 presents an input voltage of about 0 9 volts to Q1 which is in an emitter follower configuration As Q1 s base emitter voltage is about 0 6 volts about 0 3 volts appears across the series combination of R1 and R2 which equals around 10 000 ohms when calibrated Thus a constant current of about 30 microamperes is sourced from Q5 collector Also LED1 provides tem perature compensation for Q15s base emitter forward voltage thus the con stant current is also relatively temper ature stable With potentiometer R5 the range setting in its full counter clockwise C off position LED2 another infrared light emitting diode generates an equal but opposite current of 30 microamperes that is sunk by Q25 col lector Thus the net difference output current is equal to zero Potentiometer R1 allows exact matching of these two currents fo compensate for compo nent variations between the source and sink sections Utilizing an audio semi log taper for potentiometer R5 allows very fine control of output current by stacking up progressively higher currents near the end of the shaft rotation Turning R5 in a clockwise direction gradually reduces the negative cur rent sunk by Q2 to a minimum of 15 microamperes Thus a nominal 30 microamperes sourced added to 15 microamperes sunk yields a maximum sourced output of 15 mi croamperes which is sufficient for most skin conditi
205. nics 2 The B S E T with Major Emphasis in Computers 3 The B S C S the Bachelor of Sci ence in Computer Science An important part of being pre pared to move up is holding the right college degree and the absolutely neces sary part is knowing your field Grantham can help you both ways to learn more and to earn your degree in the process Write or phone for our free catalog Toll free 1 800 955 2527 or see mailing address below e Accredited by the Accrediting Commission of the Distance Education and Training Council GRANTHAM College of Engineering Grantham College Road Slidell LA 70460 Editorial Truthfully Speaking They have been around for years and used in thousands of police investigations But even in this decade of high profile criminal cases lie detectors or polygraphs are still not admissible as evidence in most courts Why is that The answer lies no pun intended in how professional lie detectors work They are called polygraphs because they measure various biological factors such as heart and respiratory rate and Galvanic Skin Resistance GSR to determine when someone s fibbing The idea behind taking those measurements is that people supposedly get nervous when they lie as a result their readings should change accordingly However it might not work that way in the real world Let s face it everyone s different Even if you begin with a solid baseline read
206. nitor in the first place Scanner owners in large metropoli tan areas are more prone to that type of signal overload than folks who use scanners out in the boonies where local transmitters aren t quite so plentiful Radiopaging transmitters operating in the 152 MHz band appear to be a prime culprit when it comes to interfer ence complaints along these lines W s91u04 29 3 Jejndog 7661 jud April 1997 Popular Electronics d e ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES Continued from page 41 electric rates are offered by utility companies Inductive Charging General Motors is using its Delco Magne Induc tive Charger System which transfers electricity using a magnetic field rather than metal to metal contact The user inserts a lightweight weatherproof plastic paddle called an inductive coupler into the vehicle s charge port The coupler consists of Copper secondary windings around a ferrite core encased in thick non conductive plastic The Charge port is a take apart transformer consisting of the ferite transformer core and the copper primary winding After being transferred inductively at high fre quencies 80 350 kHz between the charger and charger port the system rectifies the incoming AC power to DC power for battery recharging High frequencies plus high voltages up to 260 volts means small physical size of components and cables for power Buy One Get One xplore the Caribbean on a 6 or 13 day sailing adve
207. njury ID coded 1 HOD1K kwins o 39 50 pee MM M d 1 Me CUOI Ns yia im A O PUICN ta a a szet MIND CONTROL ys 1 High Quality Laser Pointer ES Charge Gun Ready to A Places subjects under your 65 p LAPNG4 15mw equv 2000 39 50 Includes FREE Stun Gun 249 50 d d control Programmable audib 7e LAPNG1 SOmw equi 4000 84 50 STUN GUNS sold separately A Bounce Laser Listener 8 S23 Stimuli with biofeedback Induces P TEE T STUN100 100 000 Volts 34 50 B Aim at window and listen to sounds from 831209 amp bizarre halucinations without STUN200 200 000 Vols 49 50 E UTION lt Not farWaog f drugs Caution not FDA approved 11000 Potato Cannon feos He ri aerial a MIND2 Plans 9 915 00 F Not a Toy Uses electronic or pieza T j WBK Kars Y T3 iiis 50 MIND2K Kit and Plans 49 50 J ignition CAUTION REQUIRED VISIT us ON THE WEB i ans eqs vid tid MIND20 Assembled Unit 69 50 POTI Plans dangerous product 10 od http Jwww amazingf com i TION Dept PEM 7 Box 716 Amherst NH 03031 CATALOG 24 Hour cT Phone 603 673 4730 FAX 603 672 5406 FREE with Order or 800 221 1705 NLIMITED s COD Checks accepted Please add 35 00 S amp H Send T PEH Orders nA S uU S Hie a Se E M mood o en META Whether you re servicing i
208. ns With eye control focus you won t have to move the camcorder much to keep moving subjects sharp and operator shake does become magnified at extreme telephoto lens settings That operator shake is further minimized by the image stabilization technology built into the ES6000 a particularly useful feature given this Hi8 camcorder s extreme 20x and 40x telephoto magnifications The other useful technology built into the ES6000 is its Auto Editing Function Like similar systems such as the Random Assembly Edit in JVC s camcorders an on board mem ory lets you edit your camcorder tapes for dubbing to a VCR With the ES6000 you can select and if you wish rearrange up to eight segments of any length and the cam corder remembers the sequence When you re ready to dub the ES6000 has an infrared transmitter that controls the recording and transport function of any VCR you connect for copying Because the camcorder includes RC Time Code your editing can be accurate to the frame TEST RESULTS The ES6000 underwent the usual battery of electrical exams at the Ad vanced Product Evaluation Laboratory Network in family room New breakthrough clones TV signals and sends them to any other TV in your home Recoton s new development duplicates cable TV VCR and satellite signals and transmits them without any wires by Charles Anton oday television choices are virtually unlimit ed Between cable
209. ns provide placeholders for the LISTING 1 BASIC HTML FILE 22 H3 A Name Delphi Sites Delphi Sites lt A gt lt H3 gt 23 24 lt TABLE BORDER WIDTH 50 gt 25 26 lt TR gt 27 lt TH gt Description lt TH gt 28 lt TH gt URL lt TH gt 29 TR 30 TR 31 TD Borland Developer s Conference lt TD gt 32 TD A HREF http www dbex com bdc96 htm gt Borland DevCon lt A gt lt TD gt 33 lt TR gt 34 lt TR gt 35 TD Delphi 32 lt TD gt 36 TD A HREF http www del phi32 com gt Delphi 32 A TD 37 TR 38 lt TR gt 39 TD cell 1 TD 40 lt TD gt Cell 2 lt TD gt 41 lt TR gt 42 lt TABLE gt 43 A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 44 45 46 lt H3 gt lt A Name ShareWare Bv JEFF HOLTZMAN other seven site groupings Before continuing we need to dis cuss Anchor Tags Anchor tags are the most important tags in Web pages it is anchor tags that allow the hypertext structure the links among web pages to be specified We use two kinds of anchor tags in this page One simply labels a particu lar location in a document like pinning a flag on a map The other says to go to a new location e to make the speci fied document the current document Let s look at section two the TOC It has a title that does display fol lowed by an anchor tag and an unardered list of site groups The page title i
210. ntered Thanks in advance for any answer you can give me And keep up the good work L B Los Angeles CA Thank you for writing The reason you haven t been seeing corrections recently is there haven t been any Because this is a technical magazine we make every effort possible to ensure the projects published will work as published However sometimes errors in art work or text are missed and in the past we have had to wait to bring them to the attention of our readers due to editorial lead time For example if an error is caught when a magazine hits the stands we ve already completed the following issue by that time But we have been planning and preparing to implement one of the sug gestions you made In addition to dis cussion forums that we will be adding to our Web site you ll also be able to read online corrections before they are printed in this column of the magazine That could save a month or more of aggravation if a particular circuit isn t working properly Hope this answers your questions kEditor HAVES amp NEEDS have subscribed to Popular p KEEP IN TOUCH Now that are i Ways than ever to contact us at Popular Electronics You can write a ERER Leferns Popular Electronics 500 Bi County Blvd P Fedele AY 11735 Or you can send G ial to peeditoriPgemsback com And don t forget to visit ta our Web site at http www germsback com gt hoc EU LETTERS
211. nture Call your travel agent or 1 800 327 2601 http www windjammer com Windjammer NF Barefoot Cruises P O Box 190120 Dept 5568 Miami Beach FL 33139 0120 June mid Dec sailings only Restrictions apply CIRCLE 172 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD levels from 1 5 to 25 kW Like conductive systems the induc tive system could be installed just about anywhere there is source of electrical energy including homes and offices The microcomputer con trolled Magne Charge has the flex ibility to interface with virtually any battery technology or configuration and to any EV equipped with the Magne Charge charge port A bi directional communications link uses close coupled radio fre quencies 915 MHz for system monitoring control and built in diag nostics The link can be used for other functions such as communicating with the utility company for remote monitoring automatic billing control of load management and reporting power usage patterns According to GM inductive coup ling is safer because there is no direct metal to metal contact This elimi nates the possibility of electrical shock even under very wet conditions Also it stays cool during charging does not need a heavy and bulky cable and is easier to complete the connection The system is designed so that the in so wonderful Have you ever given a gift someone earries 1t with them the rest of their life Please give blood
212. oblem is that while anybody can use a camcorder only highly trained individuals should attempt servicing them When untrained people fry to service camcorders they run the risk of causing more problems than they could fix Even somebody who s familiar with VCRs should not mislead them selves into thinking that camcorders and VCRs are the same Yes many of the components found in a VCR are also found in a camcorder The belts gears motors pulleys springs and circuit boards are all there But many familiar parts such as the tuner section of a VCR are missing from a camcorder That doesn t present a problem to those familiar with VCRs but the presence of things like an autofocus lens and CCD charge coupled device can present problems A camcorder is essentially a VCR minus the tuner but with an autofo cus camera added Advanced camcorders also have additional features thrown in such as image stabilization circuitry and color view finders so a camcorder really is a whole different animal than a VCR With all of the potential prob lems that can arise with cam corders and all of the general maintenance they require it makes good sense for those involved in electronics repair to familiarize themselves with camcorders Then they can tap into the well of bro ken and in need of service cam corders and start making some good money Camcorder servicing is also a good career opportunity It is a career that is s
213. of energy used up without weakening the output Performing this with a transformer has been done but it is rather ineffective We needed to find a better way When solid state components are used to simulate a step down transformer a secondary voltage is produced with the reliability of a transformer but at a much more efficient rate You see as a genera tor rotates through its 360 degree CyCle sine wave energy is pro duced At any given fraction of a degree this energy can be con ducted through a thyristor That will result in an instantaneous voltage unipolar power pulse A unipolar pulse is more efficient than a bipolar pulse That s because BuiLD A HicH EFFICIENCY TING SYSTEM Lower the cost of your monthly lighting bill the latter consists of two identical current pulses of opposite polarity per cycle eliminating one pulse decreases current by fifty percent Also the second pulse may arrive prior to the full release of heat ener gy thereby wasting the energy released by the second bipolar cur rent pulse With pure resistive loads heating continues after the pulse ends the pulse actually used by the Lighting System is from 151 to 168 degrees By correcting for these problems found in standard lamps the High Efficiency Lighting System when used with the lamp specified in the Parts List manages to use 90 less electricity The bar graph shown in Fig 1 demonstrates how much less power is used by a 30
214. of history This early t electronics catalog was issued in 1918 It consists of 176 pages that document the early history of electricity radio and electronics It was the bible of the electrical experimenter of the period Take a look at history and see how far we have come And by the way don t try to order any of the radio parts FAM and receivers shown it s very e unlikely that it will be available S31u04 29 3 1ejndod 7661 judy i ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY TODAY INC SHIPPING CHARGES IN SORRY No orders accepted Number of books ordered L P O BOX 240 Massapequa NY 11762 0240 USA AND CANADA outside of USA amp Canada l 0 01 to 5 00 2 00 i l 5 01 to 10 00 3 00 Total price of merchandise i i Name 10 01 to 20 00 4 00 Supa see chart sss 20 01 to 30 00 5 00 A ures an 04 40 00 i 00 Sales Tax NYS only E City State Zip 40 01 to 50 00 7 00 Total Enclosed 50 01 and above 8 50 All payments must be in U funds April 1997 Popular Electronics N J AMAZING ELEC TRONIC amp SCIENTIFIC DE ap Plans e Ready to Use_ e Easy to Build Kits ee Laser 250KV Te 250KV Tesla Coil ATTENTION Experimenters amp Researcher i no p Ray Gun i 10 14 of Nos Anti Gravity Rail amp Coil Guns Mass Warping ON andheld Bolts of Lightning Levitation Research Exploding Wate
215. ogramming Package Contains programming materials needed to program BASIC Stamps includes cables PC software manu als and free technical support Same I O instructions as BS1 plus touch tones frequency gen eration pulse counting serial Carrier Boards 15 20 770 P des shift registers X 10 powerline control etc I O functions com HIE to both modules have s Charles Walsb and bis students in Great Falls higher resolution on the BS2 IC Montana use BASIC Stamps in robotics projects due to its faster clock speed Provide small prototyping area 9 volt battery clips and programming con nector Not absolutely necessary but recommended to make programming and experimentation easy New 4 line Serial LED 109 New 4 line serial LCD display is fun and useful for projects that require interaction with people The display only takes one I O line to operate UA and can be controlled using simple SEROUT instructions in your program Although u may be difficult 10 see here that s a BS1 IC next to the white wires Issac Kurtz and Jobn Bishop use BASIC Stamps in artificial hands at the Bloorview MacMillan Centre in Toronto Canada FaxBack 6004 TA NZ Z 3805 Atherton Road 102 Rocklin CA 95765 USA e Toll Free Sales 888 512 1024 Office tech support 916 624 8333 HA LAX R amp Fax 624 8003 FaxBack 624 1869 E mail info parallaxinc com e Ftp ftp parallaxinc com http www parall
216. on X Y phase difference measurement up to 50kHz Built in function generator with BNC output of 50Q and TTL Three kinds of waveform are available with 50 output Flat output waveform fre quency up to 1MHz Specifications Vertical deflection Bandwidth DC coupled DC to 20MHz normal AC coupled 10Hz to 20MHz normal Defiection factor 5mV dlv to 5V Manuf OS 9020G 20MHZ t EGN DUAL TRACE TRACE ithout divin 10 calibrated steps of 1 2 5 sequence Rise time 17 5nS or less Horizantal deflection Time Base A 0 2us to 0 2S div In 19 calibrated steps 1 2 5 sequence Uncalibrated continuous control between steps of at least 1 2 5 DIGITAL MULTIMETERS DALCO 1 800 325 2264 ORDER N 30 0100 NEW Digtal Overioad protect 1000 VDC or 7 8 50 Z peak AC on all other ranges input impedance 10M Ohm o HOT PRICES ON POPULAR SEMI S CFC Fut all Nu E accuracy Ens Fast drying electronics 0 5 to t 1 096 Resistance Order N Brand Min Price BU 208 TESLA 10 1 49 grade cleaner for tuners 2000 2K 20K 200K 2M 20M BU 208 O TOSHIBA 1 4 50 controls and PC boards Audible continuity response ho rade Tn iS ee e TUN O WASH is exceilent cleaner and lower than 50Q DC Voltage LA 5 degreaser for tuners controllers and PC boards 200mV 2V 20V 200V 1000V i 2SD 1398 SANYO 10 1 49 AC Voltage 200mV 2V 20V VELLE 2SD 1650 SANYO 5 1 69 Designed for cleaning and degreasing 2
217. one is heard R11 may be set for the desired tone frequency and the tone level set by R12 If your oscillator won t tune to the top end of the band carefully stretch the windings of L1 and retune The circuits operating range can be increased by adding a very short antenna to the emitter of Q2 CRYSTAL CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR Our next entry see Fig 4 takes the CPO to the ham bands via a simple ANT 1 IC1 a N 1 4 7400 C1 C2 2 y 3 g V4 7400 2 LI 45V IC1 b gi Ei 5 1 47400 h 6 4702 a 14 C3 12 47pF 11 p Ag om 4702 XTALL1 2 IC1 d E 40 OR 80 METER 1 4 7400 Fig 4 Using a simple crystal controlled oscillator this CPO transmits on the ham bands PARTS LIST FOR THE CRYSTAL CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR Fig 4 1C1 7400 TTL quad nano gate integrat ed circuit R1 R3 470 ohm watt 5 resistor C1 C2 0 1 1F ceramic disc capacitor C3 47 pF ceramic disc capacitor XTAL1 40 or 80 meter crystal ANT1 Short clip lead antenna CW key power source wire solder etc crystal controlled oscillator A single 7400 TTL IC1 does it all When the CW key is closed IC1 a s output goes high allowing IC1 b and IC1 c to oscil late The crystal supplies the feedback path setting the oscillator s operating frequency The circuit will operate on the 40 and 80 meter bands Section IC1 d isolates the oscillator from the short antenna ANT1 A clip lead should do here to get the signal out and
218. ons When the sink and source current sections are in proper balance you can expect the following output cur rents while you re turning R5 in the clockwise direction Oto 1 microam pere over the first 33 of rotation 1 to 5 microamperes over the next 33 and 5 to 15 microamperes over the last 33 of rotation This al lows extremely fine adjustment over a large range three or more decades of current using only one control The output current is applied via jack J41 to the electrode cable harness made up of spring loaded RCA pho no plugs PL2 and PL3 which are con nected to PL1 As you can see in the schematic PL1 connects to J1 and fhe skin area to be tested is applied to PL2 and PL3 The configuration of these electrodes more about this later assures constant pressure and contact area for consistent readings The voltage drop generated by the constant current through the skin resis tance is applied to IC1 an LM358 dual op amp Section IC1 a is configured as a non inverting high impedance buffer driving IC1 b which is config ured as a unity gain inverting ampli fier Resistors R8 and R9 set the reference level 4 5 volts for IC1 b allowing its output to swing in exactly the opposite direction from which your skin s voltage drop changes dur ing testing A CD4046 CMOS phase locked loop IC2 is configured as an audio frequency voltage controlled os cillator The control voltage is ob tained from
219. ormat Check out New Orleans Paris Cancun and several other fun getaway spots Selecting Currency will provide you with a feature that s very useful to world travelers Simply choose a unit of cur rency from the list provided enter an amount in that currency and select a unit to translate the amount into Just about every country s currency is here so consider yourself free of conversion tables and formulas for good Weather provides you with current climate information about North America Europe and Asia Under each little map of these regions you can choose from Full Size Map Airport Conditions Current Outlook and Forecasts All of these are pretty self explanatory Last in this section is Features which presents you with several travel article titles Just click on a story about a region you re interested in to read more The next section you can visit in the Travelocity site is Points of View There you can link to World Views Travelive Bulletin Boards and Trivia In World Views you ll find featured reviews which are updated regularly written by travel writers and Worldview s editorial staff When logged on before writing this column there was a winter sports feature Travelive Jets you chat in real time with other travelers and industry insid ers The site uses the WebChat Broadcasting System WBS which means you only need a standard browser to participate unlike Internet Relay Chat for which y
220. ot C s capacitors resistors pots inductors test equipment breadboard ing supplies PC supplies industrial computers data acquisition products personal comput ers and computer parts plus much much more FAX us your name and address or call 800 811 1 5203 ext 5 to leave a message on our catalog request line regular stock itern It is not Left overs E Rejects or Surplus and you can buy it Zam fromus at a fraction of the price that g you are used to WE ACCEPT soiuonpe 3 1ejndod 7661 judy eo April 1997 Popular Electronics amp High Power Audio Amplifier Construction HIGH POWER AUDIO AMPLIFIER CONSTRUCTION ART LO ug m e eme samte ew TF you are not getting JM EE this catalog you are w ES missing out on some of the best deals in electronics TUM We have thousands of BP277 Here s background and practical de items ranging from unique hard to find sign information on high power audio ampli parts to standard production components fiers capable of 300 400 watts r m s You ll Call write or fax today to start your free find MOSFET and bipolar output transistors in subscription to the most unique catalog in inverting and non inverting circuits To order the industry filled with super values on your copy send 6 25 plus 3 00 for shipping surplus electronic and hobbyist type in the U S and Canada to Electronic Techno
221. ou need spe cial IRC software You can talk about destinations travel styles and lan guages The Bulletin Boards let you partici pate in non real time online discus sions about travel These are like USENET groups and BBS forums You ll find posted tips for traveling with kids adventure travel insider travel tips and more Last in this section is Fun amp Games There are no prizes but if you feel like having your travel knowledge chal lenged you should enjoy this section s trivia games The final major section at Travelocity is Travel Merchandise Here s where you ll find AC Adapters Books Games Luggage Maps and Guides and links to dozens of other types of products that you wouldn t want to leave home without There s even software you can buy to help you plan a getaway though can t imagine what such software does that this site doesn t already cover FOR FREQUENT FLYERS While Travelocity is a great site some of you reading this might have a frequent flyer plan with or just a prefer ence for a specific airline If that s the ous HOT SITES Er Travelocity S is is CORN ROO com E ut E Mcr uide DLL X American Airlines LET http www Amrcorp come CENE z A 4 x S s Q9 9 i Continental Airlines fame Https www Done Com 5 e eq 5 2 Delta Airlines INE mcm hte JANAN deit a on r CO is pog treaty m 3 E SUE LR sp 4 a Northwest Airlines M Www nma me x Pan Am Airline
222. parently wants to help you with everything under the sun and buying a new car is one of them Unless you know exactly what you want there are just too many makes models and features to choose from The Microsoft CarPoint Internet car buying guide is a huge database of information on new cars Find out what the features cost where the hidden charges are and much much more CarPoint can help you decide on a model based on the features that are most important to you You can even check out the interiors of new cars with Surround Videos that let you see 360 degree views Visit CarPoint on the Web at http carpoint msn com Star Wars fans are going to do cart wheels when they find out that not only is the trilogy of original movies being re released along with special digital enhancements but also that The LucasArts Archives Vol Il The Star Wars Collection is now available The collection includes three classic titles Rebel Assault Rebel Assault l The Hidden Empire and TIE Fighter Collector s CD ROM You also get the Dark Forces Super Sampler Edition But the icing on the cake has to be the bonus CD ROM Making Magic A Behind the Scenes Look at the Making of the Star Wars Trilogy Special Edition Star Wars was released about 20 years ago and a lot has happened to movie making technology in the years since Making Magic shows you how some of the movie magic is done today l ve three new children s software tiles this
223. phi Sites That s all it takes to create a hyper text jump whether within the same Web page or among pages separated by thousands of miles and hosted by completely different computer sys tems That s the beauty of HTML To recap there are two basic kinds of Anchor tags HREF and NAME The NAME type names the current loca tion The HREF type specifies a goto location Those are the key concepts Understand those and you can do quite a lot with Web pages BACK LINKS From our page TOC we have eight outgoing links to our eight site groups beginning with Delphi Sites We also have eight incoming links one each from each of the eight site sections For example examine line 43 which displays underlined text Back When that s clicked it causes the current page to be redisplayed lit erally from the top That s it for now Next month we ll show how the table commands in the Delphi Sites section work We ll also provide complete details for a page listing numerous sites of interest to Popular Electronics readers a DX LISTENING continued from page 62 Journal about one such programming failure Radio Prague s Economic Report The host speaks with a very heavy Czech accent In fact his accent is so thick that it is frequently difficult to understand what he is saying This in itself is bad enough especially when you take into account the fact that shortwave propagation adds to the dif fi
224. place an upper limit on the maximum data rate on HF This is 300 bps below 28 MHz and 1200 bps on 10 meters Another difference is the way in which the packet radio signals are generated On VHF and UHE we usually use audio frequency shift keying AFSK with audio tones being applied to the FM transceiv er s mike input On HE we normally use the SSB signal to generate an FSK frequency shift keying signal Most packet activity today is on 2 meter VHE using FM AFSK AMateur Teleprinting Over Radio AMTOR was one of the earliest methods of bringing amateur HF digital communications into the computer age It s an error check ing mode for HF text communica tion that minimizes interference QRM fading QSB and static QRN one that s suitable for casual keyboarding and contacting HF BBSs Importantly you often can maintain a usable connection dur ing poor signal to noise S N ratio conditions when a packet connec tion wouldn t hold In one sense AMTOR s a throw back to an earlier era in that it uses the same character set as Baudot encoded differently each charac ter has a constant mark to space ratio This constant ratio is how errors are detected Errors are corrected using either of two methods ARQ Automatic Retransmit reQuest and FEC Forward Error Correction However the five level code makes binary data difficult to send error correction is weak and effective throughput is low In ARQ mode
225. pon our compilation of information submitted by a number of readers we have assembled a tenta tive listing of frequencies reported or presumed to be used by the ATF You may have others or see errors here Your corrections are invited Bases and repeaters are found on 165 2875 165 925 166 5375 and 166 925 MHz Local offices use 165 35 MHz Car to car conversations can be heard on 165 9125 166 85 168 00 and 173 8875 MHz For surveillance try 165 2875 165 5125 166 2875 170 4125 MHz The Organized Crime Task Force uses 164 55 and 168 8625 MHz Treasury Common uses 165 4875 166 4375 166 4625 414 80 and 414 90 MHz TOO MUCH Alex Pressman of Dallas Texas has a problem that is not at all uncom mon He wanted to increase the cover age of his scanner as much as possible to help with weak signals So he added an in line signal preamplifier that could boost incoming signals by as much as 20 dB A good idea But now Alex com plains that his scanner keeps detecting and locking up on all sorts of images and especially digital paging signals Whoa Alex Most scanner preamps have a variable gain control and it sounds like you are running yours at full blast You are obviously overload ing the front end of your scanner with so many powerful local signals that it s having indigestion Back down on that preamplifier s gain control and you ll see those unwanted images vanish leaving just the stations you wanted to mo
226. posi tive terminal of a 15 to 18 volt DC source that shares a ground with the rest of the circuit Measure the voltage across the Zeners with an accurate meter then restore the circuit to its orig inal condition for normal operation Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA Keeping the Zeners in thermal con tact is also a good idea to improve accu racy Try sealing bundling them together side by side in a piece of heat shrink tubing packed with thermal grease COIN TOSSER Shown in Fig 7 is a CMOS coin toss circuit that works well and can be built with a single 4011 or 4001 CMOS IC Note that IC pin numbers in the dia gram apply for both the 4001 and 4011 Two gates form a clock and the others make up a bistable multivibrator With this circuit it is necessary to adjust the 10 000 ohm potentiometer R3 for a 50 duty cycle If you don t have a scope to do this simply mea sure the direct current flowing through each LED while adjusting R3 When the same current level flows through each LED the clock will be adjusted for a 5096 duty cycle Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA A common cathode three terminal diode would be an interesting replace ment for the LEDs It would glow red or green to indicate heads or tails glow ing an eerie orange during oscillation That s all we have for this month Till next time happy soldering B S91u04129 3 1ejndog 7661 judy o A S21u0J129 3 1ejndog 7661 judy eo
227. quipment is need SoIuOJ 29 3 1ejndog 7661 Judy Popular Electronics April 1997 Qi eo ed the problem with actually work ing it is its erratic schedule caused by the cosmonauts scrambling to find the time to operate They re sometimes forced to turn off their amateur equipment altogether to avoid interference to other systems during critical duties and tests The Phase 3D international satel lite project is a replacement for the amateur workhorse satellite OSCAR 13 which soon will plunge into the atmosphere and be destroyed But it s more being aimed squarely at reducing the cost and complexity of ground based satellite capable amateur stations t adds several new frequency and data format choices including digital mode capabilities The new satellite will have pow erful transmitters receivers and antennas for frequencies from 21 MHz to 24 GHz The new satellite also will be easy to find since its orbit will place the satellite at the same posi tion above your horizon every 48 hours Communications with manned spacecraft and satellites are not the only amateur digital comms in the outer space realm For several years amateurs have experiment ed using natural space objects for packet radio communication They long have used packet radio in meteor scatter communication bouncing packets off the ionized trails of meteors that enter the earth s atmosphere allowing much greater than line of site betwee
228. quipped 349 SV16 Upgd Kit 39 Asm 59 IR810 10A Kit 129 Asm 159 in ANY Combination to Your HS 232 Port O3O0P12NI AYSI 4 Includes Drivers in QBasic Mac amp Amiga Software f amp fe c 5 D cy O e 5 o ct lt fe 0 ct Z 5 O s 3 Q ER Contra Contact Ryan Sheldon High Power DC Motor Con Audio Vi eee ee Infrared Phone 404 244 2432 FAX 417 646 8302 troller 9 12 Volt Operation for Motors Up to 4 Amps Forward Reverse 64 Speeds With Infrared Receiver puts 2 Outputs Controllable Routes Any In put to Any Output 12 18 volt OC operation For Low Power plays up to 4Ox2 not inc Two AUX outputs for Relay April 1997 Popular Electronics i YrOZ 9P9 ZLY 340 IJNOSSIN UNO 3e Bo eIe7 aa44 JO GON Include 5 Shipping amp Light Connect up to 16 Visa MC Accepted Hexfet H Bridge Driver stage Line Level Signal Switching IDisplays per RS 232 port NCD Box 384 Osceola MO 64776 INCD M1 Kit 129 Asm 159 J AVSB Kit 129 Asm 179 NCD LCD Kit ER Asm Hee Infrared Transceiver for Remote RS 232 Communication with 16 in Controllable Devices RSB Serial Booster Gives your R he P N On Line Cataloe Cable TV Descramblers Converters M D INT ZEZ SH aiDu Pe a prem The PRIMER 8085 Based Microprocessor Training and Control System shows you how to program by example Program examples take you fro
229. r Propulsion Drivers battery operated Transmit Wireless Energy 1 BProduces an intense lon Motors J burst of light capable of buming holes J Anti Gravity LAGUN2 Plans nenosene 20 00 Lattice Snapping EMP etc Loss less Energy Charger 4 with triggered spark switch Adjustable 500 to 3KV out Charges up to 25KJ Programmable Output Strange and bizarre TP HEPI Plans 15 00 i LAGUN2K Kit Plans Price on Req pyrotechnical effects HEP1K Kit Plans with 500J 399 50 m ja 2 ee SESS mr i d Pal ropes projec detail HEP10 Lab Assembled to your spec s HEP eee d Visible Beam Gas Lasers v fem ae da apo i 15 00 b Vasco Call or fax for dien amp delivery m l to potent rail gun system f 4 Millions degree ii equiv llluminates low f BIC3K Kit Plans wilh coll 6299 50 n i a IM M M D dd om j level clouds fq atann pnchid Dandu te dins v 4 Light Shows BTC30 Assbld Ready to Use 399 50 iso s Pir Window Listener E FTN E Dane EXE Optical Projects ee 12 115V 20 00 E Tesla Coil 1 Generate fiery electrical Weapon Electric Gun T prototype designed Gravity i Esmee Science Project Generator gena siis Jin our lab Join the EM LASIKM 1 mw tow cost Kit
230. r Q1 is connected through resistor R3 to the voltage low side and directly to the gate of SCRI The other base of QI con nects through the serial combina tion of resistors RI and R2 to the hot side of the supply Resistor R1 drops the AC source voltage to the supply voltage of the timing circuit while resistor R2 serves to compen sate QI from thermal variations Potentiometer RA can be used to vary the brightness of the circuit as it determines the charging voltage on timing capacitor Cl and the Lamp Current Amperes TABLE 1 Power Used Watts Lumens range of conduction angles avail able more on this later Thyristors SCR2 and SCR3 are connected in parallel to improve stability and to allow two lamps to be powered by the circuit The lamps 1 and 12 plug into AC sock ets SO1 and SO2 Note that the cathodes of SCR2 and SCR3 are connected to the sockets while the anodes connect to the hot side of the AC supply This configuration removes the low voltage load from the power supply of QI and sup plies the load through the thyristors Construction The author s proto type for the Lighting System was built on a printed circuit board If you d like to do the same you can either etch your own board using the template shown in Fig 3 or order a board from the source mentioned in the Parts List Com plete kits of parts are available from the source as well Another option is to build the circuit on a p
231. r present one to a youngster who would enjoy becoming a Ham and going beyond the Tech level TOUCH OPERATED CPO A touch operated CPO is shown in Fig 1 Here we have a single 4093 quad 2 input NAND gate Schmitt trig ger IC1 doing all of the CPO s chores The gates of IC1 a are biased high through the two 22 megohm resistors R1 and R2 keeping its output in the low state Gates IC1 b and IC1 c are connected in an audio oscillator circuit that can only operate when pin 5 of IC1 b is high The last gate of the 4093 IC1 d adds isolation to the 3 220K IC1 a 1 4 4093 GROUND PLANE Ml e R6 4702 14 R4 1C1 b 5 1 4 4093 BY CHARLES D RAKES 12 13 4 i 5 R5 e 100K H7 500K TONE CONTROL L SPKR1 160 Fig 1 Here s a touch operated CPO that has a quad NAND gate doing most of the work PARTS LIST FOR THE TOUCH OPERATED CPO Fig 1 RESISTORS All fined resistors are watt 5 units Ri R2 22 megohm RH3 47 000 ahm R z220 060 ahm H5 100 000 ohm H6 470 ohm H7 85 00 000 ohm potentiometer CAPACITORS C1 20 1 iF ceramic disc O2 15 pF ceramlc disc C3 0 047 u F Mylar ADDITIOHAL PARTS AND MATERIALS IC 1 4803 quad 2 input NaNp gate Schmitt trigger integrated circuit SPKA1 16 ohm speaker Paddle and ground plane materials see text power source wire solder etc oscillator s circuit
232. re sponse 57 7000 Hz PO 290 023 MENU 5 ERIT E avmv900005 5599a Ua0O600U9a9a40900009999a442424200009244047n9 PO 275 050 ZE 30 day money back guarantee 20 00 minimum order We accept Mastercard Visa Discover and company C O D orders 924 hour shipping Shipping charge UPS chart rate 1 90 5 00 minimum charge Hours 8 00 am 8 00 pm ET Monday Friday 99 00 am 9 00 pm Saturday Mail order customers please call for shipping estimate on orders exceeding 5 lbs Foreign destination customers piease send 5 00 U S funds for catalog Quantity pricing available 30 DAY TRIAL Pt ALL THE INSTRUCTIONS YOU NEED TO FIX TVs VCRs STEREOS CAMCORDERS PHONES CD PLAYERS FAXES COMPUTERS WALKMANS AUTO RADIOS VIDEO GAMES amp MORE Our 1 Best Selling Home Electronics Rep WEKAS GIANT FA Don t Waste Time amp Money At Electronics Repair Shops NOW FIX IT YOURSELF FOR SAVINGS PROFIT AND SATISFACTION Now you dont have to be a profes sional technician to get PERFECT electronics repairs at home at a fraction of repair shop costs Whether you enjoy doing your Own repairs or want an extra part time income this famous nationally advertised WEKA ELECTRONICS REPAIR MANUAL gives you easy to follow instructions for fixing near ly every electronic device you can think of from popular manufactur ers like SONY RCA IBM NINTENDO and more Plus you
233. re If it appears that the pressure might be uncomfortable you can cut down the length of the springs or replace them with weaker units A comfortable grip for somewhat long periods of time is mandatory for proper and consistent measurements Using the Unit To observe the fol lowing initial GSR measurements you have to prepare your body first Wash and dry your hands completely to re move any material that may hinder proper readings such as flux oil etc You should also be in a semi relaxed mental state If you happen to be hyped up at the time you may only see little if any GSR change Plug the electrode assembly into J4 and set R5 and R10 to their mid posi tions Be seated in a relaxed position and turn on the power Grasp the electrode assembly in one hand and using either one or two fingers press the pins of PL2 and PL3 down flush to the box surface Use a relaxed grip as even the ten sion caused by a death grip on the electrodes will disturb the readings of this extremely sensitive device As long as the pins are gently held flush to the surface you will get perfect readings Now adjust R5 until DISP1 shows an indication near the center of ifs scale If you can t get an indication on the scale change your area of finger contact on the pins slightly There are dead spots on some skin areas probably due to old injuries burns etc If you are of the type with hands that have very high perspiration ra
234. rn z rein with Inis ASA meris CONSTRUCTION ae ppr a i E li prar mz ee ul 42 Build a High Efficiency Lighting System Tired of high lighting bills Quit wasting electricity on lights that don t work as efficiently as they could here s a better option With this system you ll save 90 percent on your monthly lighting bill these are substantial savings you ll notice right away Build these units for both home and office lights and save at both locations Stephen R Rosenberg FEATURES 39 Recharging Electric Vehicle Batteries Electric vehicles have finally hit the streets but just how far can you travel in them before they run out of battery power Joinus for a look at the methods and systems being put in place to ensure EVs get you to and from your destinations Bill Siuru 45 All About Amateur Communications Modes The technology used by radio amateurs has certainly improved over the years we ve really come a long way Here s a historical exploration of the many communications methods used by hams x ge past and present From Morse code to computers it s all right here Karl T Thurber Jr POPULAR ELECTRONIC S ISSN 1042 17 0 X Published monthiy by Gerosbock Publications lnc 500 Bi County Baulevard Farmingdale INY 117 35 Periodicals postoge pid at Farmingdale HY ond at additional mailing allices One year Twelve issues subscription rate S ane possessions 321a Conade 28 B4 inclides G 5 T Canadian Good
235. robe sets Works with laptops Automotive probes Same day shipping Battery packs Made in U S A only 9 00us 15 C0CND 30 DAY REFUND order NOW AND GET A FREE PEN BARA Emm CN SEND CHEQUE OR MONEY ORDER TO A gt P O Box 67002 RPO Maples FLELCTRONNCS Winnipeg MB R2P 273 204 697 3488 Order yours today 800 980 9806 MC Visa Amex Allison Technology Corporation 8343 Carvel Houston TX 77036 USA PH 713 777 0401 FAX 713 777 4746 BBS 713 777 4746 http www atcweb com PCCIRCLE 137 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD TEST INSTRUMENT CATALOG Call fax or email today for your free copy of our test instrument catalog jam packed with the BEST VALUES in test and measurement instruments avail able today PRINT J Products international 8931 Brookville Rd Silver Spring MD 20910 800 638 2020 Fx 800 545 0058 Email SMPRODINTL6Caol com CIRCLE 46 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD s21u04129 3 1ejndog 7661 Judy co an eo April 1997 Popular Electronics of loz board PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 5 ER 3 Makes 1 pint 3 50 52 75 Our Complete ds Catalog is t ie now j Check Out online s RGU What VS s S d TS j We Have Fantastic DMM Offer To Offer Don t let the price fool you This meter is a digital multimeter designed for engineers and hobbyists Equipped with 5 functions and 19ranges Each
236. ronics nN PRODUCT APRIL 1997 REVIEWS 8 Hands On Report Heathkit camcorder servicing course 12 Product Test Report Canon ES6000 camcorder COLUMNS DEPA 20 Net Watch Become Your Own Travel Agent Dan Karagiannis 25 Multimedia Watch A Pair of Unusual Controllers Marc Spiwak 27 Scanner Scene Scanning the Wild Blue Yonder Marc Saxon 57 Think Tank Craig s Back With a Vengeance John Yacono 60 Antique Radio Roaming the Stars Once More Marc Ellis 62 DX Listening Answering Mail Don Jensen 63 Computer Bits Customize Your Greatest Hits Web Page Jeff Holtzman 65 Circuit Circus Code Practice Oscillators Charles D Rakes 68 Ham Radio A New Chip for RF Builders Joseph J Carr RTMENTS 4 Editorial 6 Letters 28 New Products 29 Electronics Library 71 Popular Electronics Market Center 102 Advertiser s Index 102A Free Information Card Larry Steckler EHF CET editar in chief and publisher EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT Dan Karagiannis dicor Teri Scaduto assistant editar Evelyn Rosa eciterial assistam Joseph J Carr KAIPV contributing editar Mare Ellis contributing editor Jeffrey K Holtzman ecntribuling editor Don Jensen contributing editor Charles D Rakes contributing editar Mare Saxon contributing editor More Spiwak contributing editer Jahn Y acono caniribusmg editor PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT Ruby M Yee production director Ken Coren des
237. ryland Mark Elec Supply Inc 5015 Herzel Place Beltsville MD 20705 Amateur Radio Center 1117 West 36th Street Baltimore MD 21211 Massachusetts U Do It Electronics 40 Franklin Street Needham MA 02194 Michigan Purchase Radio Supply 327 East Hoover Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48104 The Elec Connection 37387 Ford Road Westland MI 48185 Minnesota Acme Electronics 224 Washington Avenue N Minneapolis MN 55401 Missouri Gateway Electronics Of MO 8123 25 Page Blvd St Louis MO 63130 William Elec amp Ind Supply 803 Davis Blvd Sikeston MO 63801 New Jersey Lashen Electronics Inc 2 Broadway Denville NJ 07834 New York Sylvan Wellington Co 269 Canal Street New York NY 10013 R amp E Electronics 499 Rt 209 Accord NY 12404 Unicorn Electronics Valley Plaza Johnson City NY 13790 Ohio Philcap Electronic Suppliers 275 E Market Street Akron OH 44308 Oregon Norvac Electronics 7940 SW Nimbus Avenue Beaverton OR 97005 Pen nsylvania Business amp Computer Bookstore 213 N Easton Road Willow Grove PA 19090 Texas Mouser Electronics 2401 Hwy 287 N Mansfield TX 76063 Tanner Electronics 1301 W Beltine Carrollton TX 75006 Electronic Parts Outlet 3753 B Fondren Houston TX 77063 Electronic Parts Outlet 17318 Highway 3 Webster TX 77598 Washington Amateur Radio Supply Co 5963 Corson Ave Ste 140 Seattle WA 98108 If you d like to sell our magazine in
238. s My Favorite Sites It is dis played in a style called Heading 1 or H1 for short Squeezed in between the lt H1 gt tag and the text of the page title Sites gt ShareWare Sites lt A gt lt H3 gt 47 lt A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 48 49 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 1 Other Sites 1 lt A gt lt H3 gt 50 lt A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 51 52 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 2 Other Sites 2 lt A gt lt H3 gt 53 A HREF STOP Back A 54 55 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 3 Other Sites 3 lt A gt lt H3 gt 56 lt A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 5 58 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 4 Other Sites 4 A H3 59 lt A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 60 61 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 5 gt Other Sites 5 lt A gt lt H3 gt 62 A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 63 64 lt H3 gt lt A Name Other Sites 6 Other Sites 6 lt A gt lt H3 gt 65 lt A HREF TOP gt Back lt A gt 66 67 lt BODY gt 68 lt HTML gt s21u01129 3 1e ndog Z664 dy eo e April 1997 Popular Electronics 64 is an anchor tag which names this location in this page In this case the name is simply TOP When viewed in a browser that anchor tag displays nothing Following that is another heading style tag followed by a list of items It is the UL tag that specifies that all Ll items until the followin
239. s CAT CB 363 Ko 200 10 for 25 00 e 100 for 150 00 HI 8 VIDEO CASSETTE USED SONY Hi 8 Top quality metal particle 120 minute video cassettes Used for a short d time then bulk erased 00 each 100 for 15 00 g o Each cassette has its own 00 each plastic storage box Satisfaction Guaranteed CAT VCU 8 10 for 28 00 100 for 250 00 ORDER TOLL FREE MAIL ORDERS TO ALL ELECTRONICS CORP P O BOX 567 VAN NUYS CA 91408 0567 MANUFACTURERS THE INSULTINATOR A Programmable Electronic Insult Machine with Thousands of Sayings You re A Com Plete Slobbering Greg sy T D Wee b You re a totally ugly gross boring ner d Hand held voice synthesiz er plays a variety of insults which can be altered by selecting various programming buttons Even though no profanity is used a major nationwide retailer rejected these as being too insulting for their customers Wild green and black case with belt or pocket clip Includes 3 AA batteries Attractive display package 95 CAT INS 5 TA case of 24 4 50 each POWERFUL NEODYMIUM RARE EARTH MAGNETS Aprox 1 86 X 1 02 X 0 08 thick CAT MAG 26 150 25 for 31 25 each 100 for 100 00 RECHARGEABLE SEALED LEAD ACID BATTERIES 6 Volts 7 A h Yuasa NP7 6 5 95 X 1 3 X 3 7 0 1875 qc connecto ee E 00 7 QR 1 nod CAT GC 67
240. s PM 328 e Voltmeter e Capacitance Maximum input 199 9mv DC Maximum Input 199 99mv DC e Ther t Met Maximum Display 1999 counts 3 1 2 Digits Maximum Display 19999 counts 4 1 2 Digits mornerer erer w Automatic Polarity Indication w Automatic Polarity e pH Meter e LUX Meter indication Method PM 128 LCD Display indication e dB Meter e LCR Meter PM 129 LED Display Indication Method LCD Display e Watt Meter e Other Industrial Measuring Method visitas hie ii Overrange Indication 1 Shown In the Display e Current Meter amp Domestic Jses miles TOT Input impedance 100 Mohm Overrange Indication 1 Shown in the Displa A 0 05 23 5 C lt 80 RH PM 128 3 1 2D LCD Digital Ponel Meter ecd Rate Time j 2 3 Rec dnos Per sec X Foe De aion HE dx j i Input Imped 100M Asi er eo LED Digital Panel Meter A QE pment Q23 5 C lt 80 RH CN woo di pcd ur Power Dissipation PM 128 IMA DC Size 67mm x 44mm e 200mvV Full Scale Input Sensitivity Oe US didi enia veg 5 2 5 e PM 128 Single 9VDC Operation ecimal Poin SSIBCIODIO W Wire Jumper AS LA Ww AS ea e PM 129 Single 9VDC Operation SuPPYy Voltage T Po DN bC e Decimal Point selectable Size 67mm x 44mm PRICE EACH e PM 128 13mm Figure Height CATNO DESCRIPTION 1 10 25 100 250 e Automatic Polarity Indication PM 128 3 1 2 Digit LCD Panel Meter 9 90 7 09 640 5 86 525 e GuaranteedZeroReadingforO VoltInput PM 129 3 1 2 Digit LED Panel Meter
241. s RESEARCH iililsielarzisep om 98226 3529 USA 1 604 224 0416 Visit our virtual catalog on the INTERNET at http www lynx bc ca virtualspy VidLink 100 100mW Power upto 1 4 Mile 199 00 New High Power VidLink 15 15mW Power upto 150 Feet 99 00 New Low Price Same Size Covert Camera 1 1 4 sq Pinhole Lens 169 00 Pro Grade Japanese Quality Order Line 1 888 445 7717 10707 E 106th Fishers IN 46038 Intemational 317 842 7115 Fax 317 849 8794 Email Scanns www acecomms com CIRCLE 25 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CALL TOLL FREE MI iL ST 1 800 325 2264 nud enis c GOLDSTAR 154 074R 20 MINIMUM ORDER ORDER N 63 0189 CALL NOW FOR YOUR 232 PAGE FREE CATALOG TUN O WASH PLEASE MENTION WHEN ORDERING Items are subject to availability Prices are subject to change w any prior notice FLYBACK TRANSFORMERS Replaces 12 2 az UNIQUE REALTIME OSCILLOSCOPE BUILT IN FUNCTION GENERATOR Order N N 50 820 gece eter 1 MHZ ACTR GENERATOR Features e Wider than specified frequency response High deflection fac tor of 1mV div Wide dynamic range up to 30MHz without wave form distortion Algebric sum of CH1 and CH2 Low drift with com pensation circuit e Superb trigger sensitivity Maximum sweep rate of video signals with internal TV sync separator Jittless trigger circuitry CH t signal output terminal available Variable trigger hold off High precisi
242. s 115 Stedman St Chelmsford MA 01824 1823 Advanced Electronic Applications AEA PO Box C2160 Lynnwood WA 98036 Amateur Radio Research and Development Corp PO Drawer 6148 McLean VA 22106 6148 Amateur Television Quarterly 3 North Court St Crown Point IN 46307 American Radio Relay League Inc 225 Main St Newington CT 06111 1494 International Digital Radio Association PO Box 2550 Goldenrod FL 32733 2550 HAL Communications Corp 1201 West Kenyon Road PO Box 365 Urbana IL 61801 0365 Harlan Technologies 5931 Alma Dr Rockford IL 61108 JPS Communications Inc PO Box 97757 Ralelgh NC 27624 7757 Kantronics 1202 East 23rd St Lawrence KS 66046 5099 MFJ Enterprises Inc PO Box 494 Mississippi State MS 39762 Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio OSCAR was launched ama teurs have communicated via satel lite over thousands of miles using VHF and UHE frequencies that nor mally are used for short distance communications Many amateur satellites contain microcomputers that provide spe cialized information and communi cations Some have onboard ccm eras that let you download images of the earth and the stars Others provide store and forward packet MIS Press A division of Henry Holt amp Co 115 west 18th St New York NY 10011 P C Electronics 2522 Paxson Lane Arcadia CA 91007 8537 PacComm Packet Radio Systems Inc 4413 N Hesperides St Tampa FL
243. s If long term measurements are desirable a line operated 7 to 10 volt regulated DC power supply should be substituted for B1 Construction As the Lie Detector operates in the lower frequency spectrum actual layout and fabrica tion methods are not critical to perfor mance Use any convenient method however keep leads as short as possi ble to avoid noise pickup The authors prototype was built using a RadioShack number 276 170 PC board Using such a board can simplify assembly but any perforated board will work just as well Begin by installing sockets for the ICs Then begin wiring the circuit fol lowing the schematic in Fig 1 Note that for long term temperature sta bility all fixed resistors should be met ai film units and all variable resistors should be cermet or other similar low Fig 1 Here s the schematic for the Lie Detector Plugs PL2 and PL3 provide skin resistance inputs Both visual and audible output readings are available from DISP and BZl tempco materials For proper operation R5 and R10 must have their lugs connected cor rectly With the shaft of the unit point ed directly at you and the lugs positioned at the top the right hand lug is lug 1 the center one is lug 2 and the left one is lug 3 Potentiometer R5 has lugs 2 and 3 shorted together to ground while R10 has lugs 1 and 2 shorted together to ground While installing the parts to the board be careful to follow proper ot
244. s ust E a b 1 Sir wf United Airlines 3 pA EET USA Toe uri http www dn com case and you only want a way to make airline reservations you might want to Cut out the middle man and go straight to your carrier of choice s web site In this month s Hot Sites box you ll find URLs for American Continental Delta Northwest Pan Am TWA United and USAir I m often logged on to Delta s site in particular because l m a new frequent flyer with them but the other companies have great Web pages as well That s it for this month Until next time hope all your travels online and through the air are pleasant ones Want to drop me a line Feel free to do so at peeditor gerns back com or Net Watch Popular Electronics 500 Bi County Blvd Farmingdale NY 11735 B But why do you need a mobile answering machine Top Secret Consumertronics This eye popping catalog features 200 exciting and controversial Hi Tech Survival Offers In cludes Computers Phones Crime Security Sur vival Vehicles Energy Mind Control Strange Phenomena Medical Financial much more Dis cover how people are making hacking just about everything How to protect yourself from hi tech crimes Since 1971 Order today 3 00 number 504 in coupon California Digital Professional 3 Dimensicng Computerized M ling Machine Professional Sign Making Machines Production machines for profes
245. s and Services Tax Registration Mo 2125156280 all other counties 29 45 Subscription orders payable in 8 funds only International Postal Maney Order or check drawn ona US bunk US single copy price 399 Copyright 1995 by Gemsback Publications inc Ali rights rewerved Honds an Eleciranies and Gizmo trademarks are registered in 15 and Canada by Gernsback Publications ing Popular Electonics irademark i5 registered in 5 end Canada by Elechr omes Technology Today he end is licensed to Germsback Publications Inc Printed in E A Postmaster Please sand address changes t6 Fapuler Blactronics Subseripti n Dept FO Box 338 Mount Morris IL 61054 9932 A stomped self addressed envelope must accompany all submitted manuscripts and or artwork or photographs Hf their return is desired should they be rejactnd We disclaim any responsibility for th lass or damage of maniscripts and or artwork arc photograph while 3n eur possession or ofharwise Axa service 15 readers Popular Elscirenies publishes available plans or information relating ta newsworthy products techniques and scientific and techno logical developments Because of possible variances in the quality und condition of materials and workmanship ised by readers Popular Electronics dis ekam any responsibility for the sofe and propar functioning of reader buill projects based upon nr From plans er information published in this magazine S2100129 3 1ejndog 2661 judy April 1997 Popular Elect
246. s are required to your telephone Full Learns and records the data patterns emitted by standard infrared remote controls used by TVs VCRs Stereos etc Lets you control all your electronic projects with your TV remote Seven Individual I O pins can be assigned to any button on s remote and can be configured for either duplex operation 43 00 toggle or momentary action 32 00 numbers entered etc 54 50 ROUTE MILL DRILL CARVE ENGRAVE PAINT IN WOOD PLASTIC VINYL PC BOARD amp LIGHT METALS 4 amp 5 MOTOR GANTRY MILL CONFIGURATIONS PC COMPUTER CONTROLLED CNC DNC IMPORT EXPORT FILES TO OTHER CADS AUTO BACKLASH COMPENSATION PRE MACHINED HEAVY CASTINGS SIMULTANEOUS 4 AXIS MOTION FREE 3D CAD CAM SOFTWARE AVAILABLE IN KITS OR ASSEMBLED EXPEDITE SERVICE ALSO AVAILABLE OPTIONAL ALUMINUM WAY COVERS O005 RESOLUTION AMERICAN MADE STARTING AT 695 00 3 amp 4 AXIS UNITS FROM 12 X 12 TO 66 X 66 MACH AREA U S CYBERLAB INC 14786 SLATE GAP RD 72774 72372222 wo DIIS LITTLE TNNT PES LPR ELS DIPOLES EEL PERRP Td SUPE a CAL UAGEEAB EA EERE ERS AE E AF RA Z cTLE Re ae ee ae ee kd SES vA TEE A A t A EN 1 4 LH RENE MEE AE UEM LN 3 a 43 2 my 2 A ER EE fae 3 ae T 63 Pu V i E 2i wr m TX TANG TINTE WAT WEW X NATAS SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIF
247. s circling the globe at altitudes of between about 50 and 200 miles Here solar radiation causes changes in the makeup of the gases in the ionospheric belts These changes called ionization alter the effective densities of these layers As radio waves encounter these layers on their outbound journey from CREDITS Brian Alexander PA Peter Costello NJ Richard D Angelo PA William McGuire NJ Denis Pasquale PA Joel Whitaker NJ North American SW Association 45 Wildflower Road Levittown PA 19057 A woodcut illustration showing Tahitian drum mers from a QSL card issued by Tahiti s short wave station RFO the earth they are bent If the ioniza tion is great enough the shortwave signals are bent back toward the earth at an angle equivalent to that which they entered the ionized zone You can think of it as reflection although the process is really called refraction The shortwave signals bounce back to the earth s surface thousands of miles from their starting point like a stone skipping off the sur face of a lake It s not surprising that DXers call it skip this phenomenon that bounces the radio signal once or several times between the ionosphere and the earth s surface to make distant shortwave re ception possible TAHITI UPDATE I ve been a shortwave listener for more than a dozen years now notes Maryanne Swift Lexington KY I used to hear Tahiti on shortwave around 11 825 kHz or
248. s full test mode All except PZ1 24 95 REALVIEW 888 732 5843 Visa MC Cod UNIVERSAL descrambler Works with vir tually any system Fully assembled 129 95 5 00 S amp H Bullet Buster Protect your cable box against the infamous bullet ID and cuckoo signals 19 95 3 00 S amp H Cable Safe Guarantee cable privacy The one way valve for your cable TV signal 29 95 3 00 S amp H Cable Unscrambled Everything you want to know about cable but are afraid to ask 10 00 Descrambler Schematics Revealed Call now 1 800 322 0921 REGAL SALES INC FULL line of cable descramblers and accessories for all types of systems Test kits Auto multimode Etc Everything you need Call 808 735 9988 Best price guaranteed CABLE Descramblers Md rent Own your ca ble TV equipment Access all premium and basic channels Please nave modet number of cable box when calling CABLE CONNECTION at 1 888 83 CABLE CABLE TV Mega Cube Sale New Jerrold Multi Mode Cube with Auto Timer 119 00 ea Jerrold Standard Cube Filter 88 00 ea Super Pio Q Filter 130 00 ea Quantity discounts and Kits Available 1 800 660 CUBE Place your pier or leave a message On our voice mail order ine ATTENTION PZ 1 2 cable box owners Sche matic for simple turn on circuit Send 24 95 3 00 shipping to W A W G amp L 78 Satinwood Cheaktowaga NY 14225 SATELLITE EQUIPMENT VIDEOCYPHER Il descrambling manu
249. s modes Classic Non Digital Modes One way to appreciate today s high tech digital modes is to contrast the present with the pre high tech days say the 1940s and 1950s The radio and electronics world was dif ferent then FM repeaters packet radio and exotic digital modes amateur satellite Communications and PCs didn t exist The 1940s and 1950s were mostly an analog world Amateurs could exchange mes sages by Morse telegraphy voice AM FM and SSB or single side band a few pioneering amateurs could even use TV One classic digi tal mode radioteletype RTTY was available but it was more mechan ical than digital More sophisticated communication modes such as facsimile fax satellite and packet weren t available The earliest radio amateur com munications mode was that of spark but it s been gone for about two thirds of a century Another sim ple mode which is still in use today is CW That system consists of inter rupting a continuous wave CW carrier in accordance with a code such as International Morse you could call it a digital mode if you wanted to Amplitude modulation or AM is an early form of voice communica tions This relatively broad mode was the standard on the amateur bands until the 1950s when a relat ed mode became popular That higher tech mode was SSB single sideband SSB telephony makes use of a reduced or suppressed carrier and just one sideband
250. s to your BBS modem 34 50 Home Automation Connects between a TW523 and an RS 232 seria port Use your PC Mac to receive and transmit all X 10 commands Create your own program to contro your home automation system turning on off any device plugged Into an electrical Outlet with responce to time date other X 10 transmissions or any other computer Input stimull 38 50 DTMF Decoder Logger Keep track of all numbers dialed or entered from any phone on your line Connects to your telephone wall jack Decodes all 18 touch tones and displays them on an LCD display Hoids the last 240 digits In a non volatiie memory Scroll through and view all telephone numbers dialed credit card RS 232 Digital I O Give your home brewed PC Mac rograms a link to the outside world 12 O pins can be configured individually for input or output Turn on off relays triacs etc Respond to button presses switch changes 4x4 matrix decoding Bi with auto debounce Stack up to 16 units on the same serial port for a total of 192 1 O points 32 00 IR Remote Control Receiver Telephone Scrambler Scrambles your voice before sending it over the telephone line Prevent eavesdropping from an extension or tap Connects between your telephone and wall jJack No modification
251. satellite TV videos and network programming it s almost a full time job trying to keep up with all the alternatives And it promises to get more complicated in the future Breakthroughs in fiber optic technology will bring over 500 channels into your home Home broadcasting breakthrough The problem with all this technology is the ex pense required to maintain your system and keep it up to date Now a wireless video broad casting system from Recoton gives you the power to utilize this technology without the hassle and expense of p re wiring your entire home Today Recoton in troduces the next gen eration in wireless broadcasting The wire less video broadcaster transmits re broad casts cable TV VCR or satellite programs to any other TV in your home wirelessl y Wave of the future Never drag your VCR from room to room again Recoton s wire less video broadcasting system transmits video or TV signals to any other TV in your home Because the system is totally wireless you won t have to worry about running miles of wires Besides who wants to install cable in every room of their home With Recoton s wireless video broad casting system you Cable a Security Caper Wireless Video Breakthrough Rroawiciust cable channels even minm charnels to ather Vs in your home that are not wired for cable Videos MEF paras Ue E fo any room oven if someone is watching IV in the room that
252. sidered some what outdated for a camcorder this unit is loaded with features that didn t exist when camcorders first came out This results in beautiful video recordings whether they are made indoors or out or in brightly or dimly lit locations While the cam corder records audio in mono only this is more than sufficient for the bulk of home video recording and sufficient for the servicing Course The RCA camcorder also in cludes many frills that you might not expect to see in a full size unit Among them are 1 lux low light recording which means that you will rarely need auxiliary lighting to record a scene Even with the lights dimmed to a cozy level for chatting with company the 1 lux camcorder can produce good results A 12x power zoom quickly brings you closer to or farther from the action The unit also includes a built in 2 line 2 page titler so you can add captions to your home videos The camcorder comes with an AC charger one battery pack good for about an hour s use a lens cover a shoulder strap and a cable for connecting the unit to a TV However a full line of optional accessories for the camcorder such as extra capacity battery packs AC DC chargers hard and soft cases an automobile power cord and add on lighting is available from RCA An accessory hot shoe is located on the top of the cam corder for connecting things such as auxiliary lights The camcorder has quick response infrared autofocus T
253. sional sign mak ers The Roland Corporation produces the CAMM 1 series of roll feed sign making ma chines Catalog 963 features a sampling of the 10 000 computer items that California Digital of fers Please contact our technical service repre sentatives to assist you with items not featured in this publication 2 00 number 508 in coupon RNJ Nelectronice Inc New 1997 Catalog RNJ Electronics Inc a distributor of electronic products since 1981 is now offering their new 1997 catalog The catalog contains 136 pages of test equipment TV and VCR repair parts elec tronic kits instructional videos tools amp soldering equipment CCTV systems commercial sound amp intercom systems as well as parts and acces sories In addition the catalog also contains breadboarding aids digital trainers as well as A V carts screens and projectors 2 00 For a catalog call 1 800 645 5833 number 509 in coupon SALES INC Y Zt 3 T E A Ab MIRA FAICRC mes pedi pomo GMAMCH OPES OP ENGLAME TONO APAN TA TA FIRST CLASS MAIL A M C Sales Inc A M C Sales Inc a 27 year old company spe cializing in Electronic Surveillance offers its cat alog which contains equipment of all types for the individual and or company who are active in Electronic Surveillance 80 to 100 items are dis played and priced a must for the amateur and or professional 5 00 number 507 in coupon ORDER YOUR CATALOG TODAY CAT
254. spheric conditions change rapidly frequent ly causing distortion and errors in received data While you can generate each of the new and high tech digital modes using a dedicated con troller the advent of one particular piece of hamshack equipment is largely responsible for amateurs being able to use a wide variety of digital modes That device is called the Multimode Communications Processor or MCR Today the heart of many digital ly equipped hamshacks is an MCP that lets you use several digital modes with your transceivers All modes may be handled by the same box which like a TNC incor porates microprocessor design fea tures and internal memory With MCPs you may be able to operate Packet PacTOR AMTOR RTTY SSTV fax and WeatherFax WeFax CW and several other high tech modes Before we explore more sophisti cated HF digital modes let s discuss S3Iu01 29 3 1ejndod 7661 judy da Popular Electronics April 1997 cg e RITY Radio TeleTYpe a common HF communications protocol RTTY is a half duplex non error correcting mode It s primarily for single key board to keyboard contacts and operating practices closely resem bling those of Morse RTTY still is king of digital DXing and contesting RITY uses Baudot encoding a five bit code These five bits allow only 32 possible combinations not enough for a full alphanumeric character set While ASCII coding can be used in RITY it s uncommon
255. t items If you have a friend who would ogy Today Inc P O Box 240 Massapequa like to receive our catalog send us their i The clearest picture possible Park NY 11762 0240 U S and Canada only Payment in U S funds by US bank check or International Money Order Please allow 6 8 weeks for delivery MAO3 name and address and we will gladly i m VHS forward them a complementary 100 page aM Dnus Pd Ee ae catalog A avait aBtE to eliminate copy protection l l No Rolls Jitters Flickers Fading Why pay more Call today 4 Works on all TV s VCR s Beta amp Cable 4 Gold Video Connectors amp Cables Included 2 Year Warranty E33 340 East First Street o Order Line aces don Ohio 45402 Mou Ww ISIE a HI u ELECTRONICS Order Toll Free 1 800 344 4465 f 1 800 562 2252 x 2125 S 156TH CIRCLE OMAHA NE 68130 CIRCLE 147 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD i Qualit Microwave T S stems sS ATV INTERNATIONAL s BAND Amplifiers Antennas Books Components Filters Systems Video Products HF Frequency 1990 2700 MHz Cable Ready VHF UHF Outputs SASE For FREE Catalog or Send 1 PHILLIPS TECH ELECTRONICS PO Box 8533 Scottsdale AZ 85252 M eie i ORDER LINE 800 880 MMDS Gone S208 Gain CATALOG INFO 602 947 7700 Five Year Warranty FAX LINE 602 947 7799 FREE SHIPPING Visa M C Amx Disc COD s Qty Pricing CIRCLE 145 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
256. t EST eeu EP It is not the intent of Allstar Electronics to defraud any pay TV S PY OU TLET aides Kilts ERR di au S UO teehee PO Box 337 Buffalo NY 14226 _ 716 691 3476 716 695 8660 respecdve owners amp are used for reference only 110 64 Queens Bivd 485 Forest Hilis NY 11375 NO NYS SALES 139 Laser 4 LightShow 7 gt Draw with a laser beam Animation text C music amp more Includes galvos mirrors servo amp demo software disk analog and digital computer interface Use an inexpen sive pen pointer or high power gas laser 13730 x dii Computerized 7 Motors 39 i Includes 2 Stepper motors 2 DC motors computer interface training manual amp demo software disk Expandable Up to 12 motors up 10 3 amps per phase Now with 4 Axis Linear Interpolation Add 6 for shipping Computer with parallel printer port amp cubile assembly power supply amp laser arc required FREE FLYER Voice 510 582 6602 aN 510 582 6603 273 Industrial Pky West Bldg 460 PO Box 581275 Hayward CA 94545 0175 Don t rent own Cable TV Descramblers We ll beat Any Price eSame Day Shipping e30 Day Money Back Guarantee eCredit Cards C O D REPLACEMENTS FOR MOST SYSTEMS CALL TOLL FREE CABLE DISCOUNT 1 800 684 9135 NO NEW JERSEY SALES Anyone implying theft of service will be denied assistance Warm up your car In the
257. t a given moment For a fixed volume pedal set ting and a fixed number of stops on line the volume level heard will vary considerably depending on how many keys are depressed simultaneously Although the organist can compensate for the changes in volume by using the volume pedal on a fast change of stops or a quick switch from solo to rhythm the audio change is too fast for the organist to react A choppy audio burst is the result It is desirable to have a means for keeping the volume level constant when such rapid changes are made To accomplish this a compression type amplifier like the Organ Leveler shown in Fig 3 can be used Unlike compres sors used for public address system applications the Organ Leveler can respond to the entire range of frequen cies generated by the organ without coloring the voices It can handle large fluctuations in input signal without clip ping It also works well as a micro phone leveler Craig Kendrick Sellen Waymart PA Compression amps also allow you to increase the volume of music to bring out the more subtle passages wonder if two of these circuits could be added to a stereo to reveal quiet intro tracks and the like LIGHT FLASHER Shown here see Fig 4 is a simple flasher circuit With the component values shown the flash rate is approx imately once per second The incan descent lamp load glows at half brightness for about one third of the total flasher period and is of
258. t if the de vice isn t working for you Alterations f i turns out that you require more current to get on scale there are several alterations you can make in the current gener ator section of the circuit to accom plish this You can easily add another 5 microamperes just by resetting R4 with your DMM for a maximum positive calibration reading rather than null ing at zero microamperes With this setting you will no longer achieve zero output To gain 5 microamperes and still be able to achieve zero output you may connect a 47 000 ohm resistor in parallel with R3 Replacing LED1 and LED2 infrared LEDs with standard red LEDs will just about double the available output current and still en able the device to reach zero output current Of course you can always re duce the values of R1 R5 propor tionally for higher current levels if you care to go that far Different electrode designs could also require higher current levels es pecially those with large contact areas The key word here is experi ment Athird electrode possibly clip ped lightly to an earlobe and connected to ground may indeed show some interesting results If you plan on using the Lie Detector to drive an external DVM for higher resolution readouts or a chart record er for permanent records it might be wise to make the modifications al ready described As the LM358 is only capable of driving capacitive loads of less tha
259. tation tools start games mute Sound iaunch a Web browser and so on does provide lightning fast response for games that do work with it though Up to four users can play games simultaneously by daisy chaining game pads together with all the functions of each pad maintained The Game Device Profiler software lets you create macros by programming complicated multibutton and keyboard strokes into single button presses That gives you the edge in games that require a lot of complicated maneuvers To use the SideWinder game pad you need a 486 66 or higher multimedia PC and Windows 95 S21004129 3 1e ndog 7661 judy N uo April 1997 Popular Electronics NO The Microsoft SideWinder Game Pad looks and feels like the handle bars from a futuristic miniature motorcycle It has 6 action buttons an amp way cross key pad and 2 trigger buttons NEW STUFF l ve been into photography for a long time actually had my own dark room back when I was a kid for pro cessing and printing black and white photos While haven t done any pho tographic work in a long time aside from taking pictures that is I m sure the skills would come back to me in an instant However some day soon my long lost skills won t even be valuable anymore digital cameras and com puters are taking over everything MGI Software is helping photographers get their feet wet in digital processing without the use of a digital camera You start
260. tes you may need higher currents than provided More about this later Once you are in the correct operat ing range you may now adjust R10 for any pitch that pleases you Pick a pitch at which it that is easiest for you to detect a pitch change This varies for each individual and may take a little experimenting Now just relax and listen to the tone As you relax even more deeply the pitch will start to slowly drop as your skin resistance increases due to less perspiration The slightest new phys ical activity will send the pitch right back up Try scratching your neck or shaking your free hand for example After a second or two the pitch will go right up Stop moving and it will drop again Try grasping the elec trodes with different fingers and even the other hand looking for a real sweet spot The author found that the first two fingers on his left hand would send the range display right off the scale with only mild exertion while his wife s right hand worked better for her If you normally have trouble relax ing the Lie Detector by itself may not work too well for you You may require a visual aid to stimulate alpha wave type bio feedback rhythms in your body The author s Multi Chrome Projector see the January 1997 issue of Popular Electronics is just such a device Once you are able to relax you ll notice how simple anxieties such as those caused by lies could change your GSR readings But wha
261. test positionis quickly and easily selected with asimple turn of the FUNCTION RANGE selector rotary Switch Rubber Boot uded General ot Incl Our Display 3 1 2 Digit LCD 21mm Figure Height Best with Automatic Polarity Overrange Indication 3 Least Significant Digits Blank Temperature for Guaranteed Accuracy 23 C 5 C RH lt 75 Temperature Ranges Operating 0 C to 40 C 32 F to 104 F Storage 10 C to 50 C 14 F to 122 F Power 9V Alkaline or Carbon Zinc Battery NEDA Low Battery indication BAT on Left of LCD Display Dimensions 188mm tong x 87mm wide x 33mm thick Net Weight 400g DC Voitage DCV Range Resolution Accuracy 200mV 100uV 2000mV mV 20V 10mV 1 rdg 2dgts Resistance Q 200V YOO0mV Range Resolution Accuracy 1000vV IV 20082 100m Maximum Allowable input 1000V DC 20000 IQR or Peak AC 20kq 100 1 2 1dig 2dgts DC Current DCA 200K 100Q Range Resolution Accuracy 2000KQ IKN 200UA 100nA 20M2 10KQ 2 rdg YOdgts 2000UA IA Maximum Open Circuit Voltage 2 8V 20mA 104A 1 2 rdg 2dgts 200mA 1OOUA Diode Test 10A 10mA 1 2 rdg 2dgts Measures forward voltage drop of a Overload Protection mA Input 2A 250V fuse AC Voltage ACV Range Resolution Accuracy 200V 1 00mV 1 2 rdg TOckgits 750V IV Frequency Range 45Hz A50Hz Maximum Allowable input 750V rms Response Average Responding Cali brated In rms of a Sine Wave CAT NO DESCRIPTION PRICE 9
262. than wire TNCs usually con tain the modem used to interface with your radio and a microproces sor or packet assembler and disas sembler PAD In transmitting the TNC assem bles packets from the data on the RS 232 serial line computes an error check for the packet modulates it at audio frequencies and gener ates appropriate signals to transmit over the radio On receiving it reverses the process translating the audio the radio receives into a data stream on the RS 232 line Most TNCs use 1200 bps for local VHF and UHF packet and 300 bps for HF communication FCC regulations allow higher speeds on VHF and UHF but not on HF You ll need a radio transceiver too For 1200 bps UHF VHF packet you can use commonly available FM transceivers For HF packet 300 bps data is transmitted using SSB For high speed packet greater than 1200 bps modified radios may be required For packet transmissions you can use a computer running a terminal emulator program a packet specif ic program or just a so called dumb terminal as a user inter face Almost any modem communi cations program can be adapted for packet but there are also cus tom packet prograrns There are three basic TNC oper ating modes command converse and transparent You use the com mand mode to configure and con trol the TNC the converse and transparent modes are used to especially since you might already have some of the components TNCs are
263. the standard lamp is almost extinguished Disconnect the 120 VAC lamp and connect the 30 volt lamp specified in the Parts List make sure you don t use a three way lamp as it will drastically reduce the life of the bulb Connect a DMM across the lamp s terminals As you per form the next step be certain to keep the voltage of the lamp below 15 VDC Adjust R4 until the values measured across the lamp are 12 3 volts DC at 0 6 amperes These values will result in a conduc tion angle of 151 1 degrees which results in a 1750 foot candie mea surement This is eguivalent to a conventional 100 watt lamp s advertised initial lumens The aver age power used at this setting is 12 3 volts X 0 6 amperes or 7 38 watts It is possible to simulate conven tional lamps that have other wattage values by setting a different Continued on page 56 Fig 4 If you re building the System on a PC board use this parts placement diagram as a guide ALL ABOUT AMATEUR COMMUNICATION MODES From Morse code to the digital age bere a look at tbe past and present communication methods used by radio amateurs BY KARL T THURBER JR A mateur radio is more exciting than ever due largely to high tech and digital oper ating modes and personal comput ers But the vast number of commu nicating options available to hams today is only part of the story Join us now for a look at the past present and future of amateur communica tion
264. time consuming or complicated wiring The receiver can be easily moved from one television to another The transmitter will also broadcast to mul tiple receivers so you can watch the same program on multiple TVs simultaneously The transmitter con nects to the source TV the receivers simply connect to the others o Satellite in bedroom Wir Exclusive factory direct offer With this breakthrough in home video broadcasting tech nology you can have the convenience of your own personal wire less broadcasting system for a frac tion of the cost of owning your Gwn TV station For a limited time only we are offering Recoton s wireless video broadcasting system one trans mitter and one re ceiver for the low price of 99 You can order addition al receivers for oth er TVs for just 59 each Risk free offer The wireless video broadcasting sys tem by Recoton is backed by Com trad s exclusive risk free home trial Try it and if you are not completely satisfied simply return it within 30 days for a full No Questions Asked refund It also comes with a 90 day manufacturer s limited warranty Most orders are processed within 72 hours and shipped UPS A TV TOWER Buji your own TV tower would cost you about 3 5 million The video broadcast ing system ts like buying your own TV Station but without the expense For just 99 the Recoton system is like adding a cable box VCR and sat
265. to communi cate with the 1200 bps phase shift keying PSK satellites Paccomm makes dedicated satellite modems to support both modes You also need a 2 meter FM trans mitter to send data and a 70 cm SSB rig to receive downlink transmis SIONS Several satellites are 1200 bps PACSATs these are OSCAR 16 OSCAR 19 and OSCAR 26 OSCAR 22 OSCAR 23 and OSCAR 25 are 9600 bps PACSATs The 9600 bps birds have become popular their 9600 bps capability is excellent for a satellite that may be in view for but short periods Unfortunately the PACSATs can serve only so many stations at one time Several packef radio based Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiments SAREX have been conducted by amateur astronauts Usually special robot software is used that enables stations to make contact with the Shuttle This onboard soft ware recognizes connect requests sends sequential contact numbers to the station disconnects and logs the contact The Shuttle also carries a beacon which transmits lists of successful contacts Most of the experiments are digital based buf ATV operators have successfully transmitted 70 cm FSTV signals to the Shuttle Russian Cosmonauts have con ducted live packet QSOs using amateur radio aboard the Russian Mir Space Station It uses standard 1200 bps AFSK packet The station includes a PBBS style mailbox for communicating with the cosmo nauts While Mir is fairly simple to work and no special e
266. tributor EN Craig Kendrick Sellen Since he s sent i n 3 enough circuits to fill a column he ll get EE GEM a 1967 MCL1010 chip and a kit in addi tion to the book we award for single Y submissions If you d like to try for a l book or the whole ball of wax send your own complete circuit schematics and explanations to Think Tank Popular Electronics 500 Bi County Blvd Farmingdale NY 11735 LEAKAGE Last month we talked about the CURRENT characteristics of a diode and it seems me AK INVERSE VOLTAGE i E V like a good idea to discuss its charac teristic curve A characteristic curve is a plot of the current through a device vS the voltage applied across it For a standard diode the plot looks like Fic 1 The action of applying positive potential to the anode or forward bias ing results in the upper half of the graph Note the diode does not conduct current until after the barrier potential is overcome by the application of voltage greater than the barrier voltage That s around 0 7 volts for silicon based 4 z gt x FAIRLY LINEAR REGION FORWARD BIASED I j BARRIER VOLTAGE BREAKDOWN POINT REVERSE BIASED DEVICE FAILURE po dd Fig 1 Here s the characteristic curve of the current through a standard diode vs the voltage applied across it diodes and 0 3 volts for germani T E Bs um units Even after that though the R1 Tod curve is not linear particularly before the knee bend Linear b
267. tries later With FTP software and TCP IP you can pass binary files over the Internet to other stations Under TCP IP you can send and receive mail or talk to others while the trans fer is occurring Already amateurs and other hobbyists have constructed internet Web pages and USENET newsgroups for a variety of purpos es You might want to check ouf some of these newsgroups alt ham radio packet alt radio digital rec radio amateur digital misc rec radio amateur equipment rec radio amateur homebrew rec radio amateur misc rec radio amateur space rec radio info rec radio swap But some amateurs also have constructed packet TCP IP radio Webs with on the air Internet style Web page servers Doing so effec tively blends their several interests in amateur radio computer commu nications and networking As for hardware all you really need is a computer a 2 meter FM transceiver and a KlSSable TNC one with KISS Keep It Simple Stupid mode capability The heart of your TCP IP setup probably will be the TCP IP based software written for the IBM PC by Phil Karn KA9Q called NOSNET or simply NOS NOS the Network Operating System takes care of all TCP IP functions using your KISSable TNC You ll find NOS soft ware on CompuServe in the HamNet Forum among other places on BBSs and the Internet When you place your TNC in KISS mode you disable the AX 25 proto cols and reduce it to a basic pack
268. ts small contact area spring loaded electrodes were chosen for the au thors prototype due to the wide availability of the components De tails will be given here for easy du plication but feel free to experiment Although the prototype electrodes work extremely well many alternate methods exist The first thing you need is a small plastic box or vial measuring about 2V4 inches long It should be thick enough to clear the diameters of phono plugs PL2 and PL3 and wide enough to have both plugs side by side on 4 inch centers The prototype measured 4 x 134 x 2V4inches Begin by drilling two inch diame ter holes on one end of the box spaced inch apart and centered on the end Drill two a inch diame ter holes exactly opposite the inch holes on the other end of the box Note These two box ends are the ones separated by the 2Y4 inch di mension Install a 4 flat washer on a 4 40 1 inch screw and install itin one of the Ye inch holes capturing it with a 34 40 nut on the inside of the box Repeat the process with another screw in the remaining inch hole Leave the nuts a little loose Unscrew the plastic grip from PL2 and cut off the ground lug Solder a 12 to 18 inch length of 22 gauge stranded Teflon insulated hookup wire to the center conductor lug Drill a 352 inch diameter hole in the plastic grip end right alongside and parallel to the strain relief section of the grip Install the plastic grip
269. ts SOI and SO2 providing two efficient sources of light S21u04129J3 1ejndog 7661 Udy Ja C Popular Electronics April nut E PARTS LIST FOR THE HIGH EFFICIENCY LIGHTING US cU SYSTEM DUCTORS QI NTR6401 or EGC6401 N channel unijunerion transistor SCR1 2N6239 200 volt ampere silicon controlled rectifrer SCR2 SCR3 CI22H 200 volt 8 vui silicon conrolled rectifier RESISTORS All fixed resistors are La wwit 59 units RI 33 DOO ohi R2 100 ohm Ri 347 0hm 1 4 20 000 obm immer potentiometer RS 100 ohm R6 10 Bote CAPACITORS CIDH HF 50 W V Mylar en C4 4 047 4 F 200 V Mylar 25M T ILF 50 W V ceramic disc C60 AF 250 W V Mylar ADDITIONAL PARTS AND MATERIALS T1 12 36 volt 0 watt Jamp General Electric order code 16355 description 50A21L or equivalent 01 502 Two terminal AC socket PL 1 Two terminal AC plug polarized 81 SPST toggle switch Printed circuit materials plastic electrical box AC receptacle cover plate AC line cord wire solder hardware etc Note The following ar available from Advance Power System 1307 Maple Ave South Plainfield NJ 7080 Web hp merbers aol com ApesinTa Apsinfo h iml e mail apsmiaili acl com etched aad drilled PC board 59 50 kit of parts including everything except the lamps 25 50 assembled and tested kit not including lamps 35 50 two lamps 56 Add 2 50 for sh
270. uable and excellent laternational STATIONS GUIDE BP255 9 95 Provides the casual listener amateur radio DXer and the professional radio monitor with an essential reference work designed as a guide for listening tothe f complex radio bands Includes coverage on Listening to Shortwave Mm Radio ITU Country Codes Sa Worldwide Radio Stations Radio Stations Guide d N T reference into the minds of early day radio listeners Sorry we cannot honor the original 25 cent cover price MM ul ul l Vince eum m um sum n m NM ND n i m m c m n n e e m a m icm me eedem seen Ves r4 toro lay REVISED THE E LCO NEW YAAR CITY English and more j HOW TO USE OP AMPS BP88 5 95 The engineer s best friend is the op amp This basic building block is found in many circuits analog and digital alike The op amp finds many useful purposes such as oscillators inverters isolators high and low filters notch and band pass filters noise generator power supplies audio MIDI and much more Prepared as a z designer s guide some limited math 2 r is used however engineers and mp M 1 Wis Ne ee BIE a di E M eS hobbyists alike find it a useful text s for their design needs European Long Wave and Medium Wave Stations Broadcasts in AN m de ag s Rhing Ir NEW YOR s ae O WIRELESS amp ELECTRICAL CYCLOPEDIA ETT1 5 75 Bae S Ps A XX A slice
271. unlike AM which transmits the full carrier and both sidebands Either sideband can be used but radio amateurs normally use lower sideband LSB below 10 MHz and the upper sideband USB above 10 MHz SSB with litte or no carrier isn t popular with broadcast band and shortwave broadcasters because it can be difficult to tune Narrow band frequency modu lation NBFM is used widely on VHF and UHE not just by amateurs but by many communications users although AM still is standard on the VHF civilian and UHF military aircraft bands FM is fairly immune to static Packet Radio One form of dota by radio in which the data is trans ported between PCs and radio transceivers is called packet radio It s a high speed space efficient soiuo2e 3 1ejndod 7661 Idy amp Ce Popular Electronics Apri 1997 IA o ee a ae ee 7T There s still room in this high tech digital amateur radio world for a simpler mode Morse Code or CW This MFJ electronic keyer combines built in dot dash memories speaker sidetone and pushbutton mode selection with a classic paddle mode that lets you send receive store and forward messages It s similar to RTTY but data are sent at a higher speed and in a connect ed telephone like nearly interfer ence free error checking mode Packet sends data in small bun dles Each contains the sending and receiving station callsigns and optional routing The packets are sent one at
272. ur pozket 200 a day double your income in the high profit field of VCR repair part time or full time There are over 77 million VCR s currently in use in America today a lot of business out there just waiting for you Here is a once in a lifetime opportunity to go info a booming business of your own make reaily Dig money starting right away be your own boss aad enjoy financial freedom and security Is easy to learn VCR cleaning maintenance and repair at home in just a few short weeks through Foley Belsaw s unique method which emphasizes the mechanics involved in 9096 of all repairs without dwelling on all the unnecessary basic electronics This exclusive practical hands on course was developed and p oven over a long period of time in an actual VCR repair shop It combines simple step by step lessons with easy to follow video cassette guidance No special experience or electronics background is necessary Just average mechanical aptitude and the ability to follow simple A B C repair procedures that are clearly outlined for you And when you complete the course you will receive the School s official i diploma attesting to your expertise Send coupon today for FREE Fact Kit No obligation MAIL TODAY FOR FREE INFORMATION PACKAGE Foley Beisaw institute Don t miss out on this opportunity to give your income a FOLEY l tremendous boost Send in the coupor NOW Get ali the eU
273. ure to have years and years of job security There are many ways you can learn about camcorder servicing You can take a formal course at an electronics school get a job as an apprentice with someone who already services them or you can wing it by gathering together a camcorder in need of servicing the necessary replacement parts and tools and all of the required documentation Or you could take the easy way out with Heathkit s Camcorder Servicing Course which teaches you all about basic camcorder maintenance and how to perform various repairs All materi als in this course are of the highest quality Documentation is clearly written and error free that goes a long way to understanding how anything works The Camcorder Course The Heath kit Camcorder Servicing Course comes with everything you need to perform basic camcorder mainte nance But the heart of the course is the camcorder included with it The camcorder is a full size RCA VHS HQ unit While this unit is admittedly bulkier and heavier than most on the market and is certainly not the one you would want to take on vacation with you the full size unit is easier to service than compact units That makes it the perfect choice for a course in which you are required to open up the unit and service and replace various parts World s quietest and most effective air purification system finally available to the public Breakthrough air purification syste
274. with regular film The MG PC PhotoStarter Kit 24 99 is intended for beginners The kit includes everything you need to place edit and manage photos on your PC The kit includes a 12 expo sure roll of Kodak 35mm film and free Kodak processing of film to disk you pay for the regular developing and they throw in electronic prints for free You also get MGI PhotoSuite Starter Edition software and a helpful guide with step by step instructions MGI PhotoSuite 8 0 is for those who ve already played with image edit ing software and know they like it PhotoSuite 8 0 includes everything you need to customize and catalog your photos 30 special effects a photo lens kit image capture a slide show photo albums and more This package sells for 74 95 and it s only 49 95 if you upgrade from the PhotoStarter kit There s new software this month from Microsoft For one there s the newest release of the Encarta ency clopedia Encarta 97 This is basically an update to the ever popular treasure chest of information except that now you can buy two versions there s the usual Encarta 97 Encyclopedia on a single CD for 54 95 and a new Deluxe Edition that comes on two discs for 79 95 The Deluxe Edition contains nearly twice as much multi media content as the regular version with more pictures more video clips extensive Internet links and 18 months of free online updates Also available is the new Encarta 97 World Atlas Includ
275. wrence KS 66049 Bart o LER n Trapstronics more We feature the Popular Um Ma you can repair install and aza Complete Electronic Career Guide 1 service audio equipment ph 913 841 3089 Minimum Order 20 00 1000 s of isfied tome microwave ovens small ap Shipping 5 00 COD 2 00 l S OF satistied customers i i pliances alarms and more FAX 913 841 0434 ae no if over 40 00 Guarantee to pass or money back Ex good money as a de aed in an ett a hip En p ht electronics company or open your own WWW l Send for FREE DETAILS or call at home business For your free career lit p x roni CS COMmKIS NtM i WPT Publications i CALL 800 223 4542 4701 N E 47th Street FE Vancouver WA 98661 i l Name M j CABLE TV CONVERTERS Address _ Name in 1 Equipment amp Accessories Address i b Pss SB Wholesalers Welcome Phone Age I I The School of Electronics Dept ELE341 Call C amp D ELECTRONICS City St Zip L 1 800 800 7588 J PCDI 6065 Roswell Road Atlanta GA 30328 1 800 310 1153 M F 10a 6p ELECTRONIC KITS k vp TOLL FREE ORDER LINE 1 800 336 7389 FAX LINE 1 602 731 4748 VOICE CHANGERS TECH SUPPORT NUMBER 1 602 894 0992 AND MORE E XANDI ELECTRONICS INC PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE MANUFACTURER OF HIGH QUALITY KITS 143 775 MHz CRYSTAL CONTROLLED TRANSMITTER KITS M BUG DETECTOR x CRYSTAL TRANSMITTER KITS T XBD500 Ultra miniature surface mount construction
276. xtemal 50Hz 20kHz AM modulation Audio output 1 kHz 1 Vrms Output Impedance 50 Ohm Size 5 9 H x 9 8 W x 8 1 D RF Signal Generator Counter SG 4162AD 229 95 Generates RF signal same as SG 4160B 6 digit frequency counter 1Hz 150 MHz for intemal and external source Sensitivity lt SOmV 800 526 2532 609 897 1135 Audio Generator AG 2601A 124 95 10Hz 1MHz in 5 ranges Output 0 8Vrms sinewave 0 10Vp p squarewave Synchronization 3 of oscillation frequency per Vrms Output distortion 0 05 500Hz SOkHz 0 5 SOHz SOOkHz Output impedance 600 ohm Audio Generator Counter AG 2603AD 229 95 Generates audio signal same as AG 2601A 6 digit frequency counter 10Hz 150MHz for intemal and extemal sources Sensitivity lt 50mV Function Generator FG 2100A 169 95 0 2 Hz 2 MHz in 7 ranges Sine square triangle pulse ramp Output 5mV 20Vp p 196 distortion DC offset 10V VCF 0 10V control freq to 1000 1 Function Gen Counter FG 2102AD 229 95 Generates signal same as FG 2100A Frequency counter 4 digits Feature TTL and CMOS output Sweep Function Gen Counter 329 95 0 5Hz to 5 MHz in 7 ranges Sweep Linear10 1 Log 10 1 20ms 2s AM Modulation Gated Burst Voltage Control Gener Generator Control Voltage amp 6 digit counter 1Hz 10MHz for intemal amp external sources t YEAR PARTS AND LABOR WARRANTY d Ja FAX 609 897 0206 Visa Master Card American Express C
277. y Favorite Sites lt TITLE gt lt HEAD gt lt BODY gt _ lt H1 gt lt A Name TOP gt My Favorite Sites lt H1 gt 10 lt H2 gt My TOC lt H2 gt 11 lt UL gt 12 lt LI gt lt A HREF Delphi Sites Detphi Site lt A gt 13 lt Ll gt lt A HREF ShareWare Sites Shareware Site lt A gt 14 LI A HREF Other Sites 1 Other Sites 1 A 15 lt Ll gt lt A HREF Other Sites 2 Other Sites 2 A 16 Ll A HREF Other Sites 3 Other Sites 3 lt A gt 17 lt Ll gt lt A HREF Other Sites 4 Other Sites 4 lt A gt 18 lt Ll gt lt A HREF Other Sites 5 gt Other Sites 5 lt A gt 19 lt LI gt lt A HREF Other Sites 6 gt Other Sites 6 lt A gt 20 lt UL gt 21 OMNANAhWD wars continue don t want to be locked in to any one particular tool My solution works with any browser HOW IT WORKS Refer to Listing 1 in what follows The HTML page breaks down into ten sections Section one lines 1 6 pro vides a title for the page This title is not displayed rather it is what appears in the history list It s really more the name of the page than its title Section two lines 8 20 provides a table of contents for all the site group ings listed on the page Overall the TOC provides eight groups of sites The first of those eight is the Delphi Sites lines 22 43 contain the listings for the Delphi sites we ll discuss the details later The remaining seven sectio
278. y Transmitters FM Wireless Transmitter Kits Vehicle Tracking Systems Bug Detectors Caller I D Telephone Register with Printer Long play Recorders Wired Mikes Shotgun Mikes Telephore Recording Adapters Alcohol Testers Drug Testers Telephone Scramblers Hidden Video Cameras Telephone Tap Detectors MUCH MUCH MUCH MORE Our 27th Year Small catalog FREE Larger catalog send 5 Mail Order only Visa MasterCard and C O D accepted for equipment only Inquire for dealers prices A M C SALES INC 193 Vaquero Dr Boulder CO 80303 Mon Fri 8 a m 5 p m Mtn Time 800 926 2488 303 499 5405 Fax 303 494 4924 Internet http www siteleader com catalogdepot AMCSC home html E maii amc sales siteleader com Debco is a Kit Builders Paradise Bectregic Kits Mags Parts Computers Amateur Radio ip Call Debco today for la your FREE copy of The Electronic Experimenter s Journal 1800 423 4499 Debeo Electrenica 4025 Edwards Rd Cincinnati OH 45209 CABLE TV CONVERTERS Equipment amp Accessories Wholesalers Welcome Call C amp D ELECTRONICS 1 800 310 1153 M F 10a 6p s21u01129 3 1e ndod 7661 judy ood Popular Electronics April 1997 102 SSS ADVERTISING INDEX Popular Electronics does not assume any responsibility for errors that may appear in the index below Free Information Number Page A amp A Engineering 84 25 Ace Communications
279. yet standardized plug that is easy to use and safe under all weather condi tions because the electrical contacts cannot be seen or touched Also it does not produce a high frequency magnetic field that could result in electromagnetic and radio frequen Cy interference With the SCI conductive charging system drivers could choose from two charging modes Selecting the Im mediate mode results in charging starting right away With the Econo my mode charging will instead auto matically start when lower off peak Continued on page 70 S321u04126 3 Jejndod 7661 judy dm Popular Electronics April 1997 os N BY STEVEN R ROSENBERG re you wasting electricity If A using standard light fixtures in your home or office then you definitely are spending more for illumination than you have to The truth of the matter is that conventional lamps are nowhere near efficient For that reason in this article we d like to introduce you to a more economi cal source of light The High Efficiency Lighting System With this easy to build unit you ll save a bundle on electric bills in no time That s because the Lighting System uses about 1096 of the elec tricity that a standard lamp uses Just think how much you ll save if you build one for every room Lamp Efficiency When dealing with lamps as well as many other by 90 percent types of electrical devices achiev ing efficiency requires reducing the amount

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