MARCONI 6970 Ops
Contents
1. 2 2 E m 2 PWR REF POWER REFERENCE CHARGE C0987 Fig 1 1 6970 RF Power Meter ACCURACY High accuracy is achieved by applying calibration and linearity factor correction power sensors are supplied with individual calibration data IFR 6900 series sensors all have an excellent return loss specification to minimise mismatch errors in power measurement The integral calibrator provides a precision 0 dBm 1 mW power reference at 50 MHz to give the same precision calibration standard as bench instruments OPERATIONAL FACILITIES The instrument front panel consists of a 13 key keypad and a liquid crystal display LCD comprising a 4 digit readout with annunciators Power levels are displayed on the digital readout with a peaking meter bar graph underneath for convenient monitoring of power fluctuations with time The keyboard is used both to enable measurement functions and enter data When switched off the instrument is permanently in a low power standby mode Pressing the ON ENTER key will power up the unit which will remain active until either the OFF key is pressed or the microcontroller detects that there has been no keypress for a continuous period of 6 minutes The unit will then switch to low power standby mode to prolong battery life The auto power off feature can be disabled if required and will be disabled if the instrument is powered from the AC adapter 1 2 46882 182 GENERAL IN2. 1 Press UPPER LIMIT the gt gt annunciator is displayed to indicate that limit checking is enabled 1 Enter the upper limit value using the numeric entry keys 46882 182 3 9 LOCAL OPERATION iii Press ON ENTER to confirm the entry The beeper will sound and the gt gt annunciator will flash when the input power exceeds the chosen limit The beeper rate for the upper limit is higher than for the lower limit iv To disable upper limit checking press UPPER LIMIT again Peak indication The peaking indicator bar graph provides an analogue representation of power level The range of the indicator is 5 dB about half full scale and the responsiveness of the indication depends upon the chosen amplifier range When the 6970 is used to set up the output power level of a device under test press RESET PK to set the peaking indicator to half full scale The range of the indicator is now 5 dB about the input power level Duty cycle correction Duty cycle correction may be applied to display peak pulse power when the incident RF is a pulsed signal Duty cycle is defined as the percentage ratio of RF on time to RF off Duty cycle correction may be applied as follows 1 Press SHIFT RANGE to display the current duty cycle default 100 1 Enter the required value for the RF input duty cycle using the numeric keys ii Press ON ENTER to confirm the entry The display will now indicate the calculated RF l
3. 6920 49 dBm 38 dBm 28 dBm 6923 4 46 dBm 35 dBm 25 dBm 6910 series 8 dBm 3 dBm 13 dBm 6930 series 6 18 dBm 27 dBm 46882 182 5 3 ACCEPTANCE TESTING ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF POWER REFERENCE SPECIFICATION Accuracy 1 2 worst case for 1 year Note 5 4 Description Minimum specification Example Milliwatt power Meter error 0 015 dB at 50 MHz 23 3 C W amp G EPM 1 meter 50 Q N Type probe connector TEST EQUIPMENT Input VSWR lt 1 01 1 Calibrated to National Standards For maximum accuracy it is important to allow sufficient warm up time for the equipment used in this test For the EPM 1 one hour should be allowed 1 Calibrate the milliwatt power meter then connect the probe to the 6970 POWER REFERENCE output ii Press SHIFT ON ENTER on the UUT to enable the power reference 1 Verify that the readout on milliwatt power meter is within 1 2 0 05 dB 46882 182 AC ada eese a tese iud 1 3 2 1 Acceptance esito lola 5 1 ACCURACY uiii ipee 1 2 Auto power OM to oci dites d tec tides 3 12 Avera pihe genito ts ee PAR ed 3 11 eee eee 3 2 3 11 B Battery 1 3 2 1 3 6 Beepef rancore pl iran 3 5 3 9 Cal factor iiie Diet 3 7 2 4 4 1 dB relative function 3 10 Default state o
4. PM 3 0 cur X 3 9 Lower limit MP 3 9 Upper isses RER 3 9 Peak Indication iere Neil 3 10 Duty Cycle eat e cuique Pie on De ouv ee 3 10 dB relative function nie dtr es epe ioo ed ue 3 10 OTHER FUNCTIONS ed 3 11 AVC RR O 3 11 Bewersdown SION a ee 3 11 UNO HO WET El riali lella 3 12 SUMMARY OF MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE 1 3 12 A Pct 3 12 Making mieasureinents unita needs 3 13 SELETESTMODES albarello 3 13 MICROCONTROLLER RESET OPERATION ss 3 13 SENSOR OVERLOAD eene enne tine tnnt 3 14 LOW LEVEL POWER MEASUREMENTS iii 3 14 LIST TABLES Table 3 1 Measurement response ums aan 3 11 Table 3 2 Settings held in non volatile 3 11 Table 3 3 Default valles usina e len 3 12 LIST OF FIGURES Bigy 3 1 67 90 Power Meter esee ioris sn een hin 3 3 Fig 3 2 Liquid crystal displays 3 5 46882 182 da LOCAL OPERATION PANEL LAYOUT Refer to Fig 3 1 Keypad Dual function keys see description below Liquid crystal display See Fig 3 2 Power reference connector SENSOR INPUT connector Accepts multipin connector from supplied sensor input cable DC input conne
5. Danger produits toxiques n Class supply CONDITIONS GENERALES D UTILISATION Ce produit e t congu et test pour tre conforme aux exigences des normes CEVEN61010 1 Sp cifications des conditions de s curit pour instruments de mesure lectronique pour des quipements Classe III qui tiennent dans la main et pour une utilisation dans un environnement de pollution de niveau 2 Cet quipement est concu pour fonctionner partir d une alimentation de cat gorie I Cet quipement doit tre prot g de l introduction de liquides ainsi que des pr cipitations d eau de neige etc Lorsqu on transporte cet instrument d un environnement chaud vers un environnement froid il est important de laisser l instrument se stabiliser en temp rature avant de le connecter une alimentation afin d viter toute formation de condensation L instrument doit tre utilis uniquement dans les conditions d environnement sp cifi es dans le chapitre 1 Performances du manuel d utilisation Ce produit n est pas garanti pour fonctionner dans des atmosph res dangereuses ou pour un usage m dical Si l quipement doit tre utilis pour des applications en relation avec la s curit par exemple des applications militaires ou a ronautiques la compatibilit du produit doit tre tablie et approuv e par une personne comp tente WARNING DANGER PRODUITS TOXIQUES Certains composants utilis s dans cet appareil peuvent contenir des
6. SHIFT CAL Enter the sensor CALIBRATION FACTOR corresponding to the frequency of the input signal to be measured 0 01 to 200 CAL FACTOR value ON ENTER 6910 series and 6930 series power sensors are now ready for making corrected power measurements When using 6920 series sensors continue the preparation to include steps 11 and 12 Repeat the zero function SHIFT ZERO again with no RF applied to the sensor 46882 182 12 LOCAL OPERATION Connect the sensor to the signal source to be measured and where feasible with no RF power applied to the sensor repeat the zero function SHIFT ZERO Making measurements 1 Select the appropriate measurement units by stepping the UNITS key 2 If required select the appropriate range for the measurement by stepping the RANGE key to choose between MANual ranges r0 12 r3 or AUTOranging An or displayed on the LCD corresponds to an over range condition whereas ur corresponds to an under range condition 3 If required set a lower limit by pressing LOWER LIMIT value ON ENTER The LCD displays the lt lt and beeper annunciators 4 If required set an upper limit by pressing UPPER LIMIT value ON ENTER The LCD displays the gt gt and beeper annunciators 5 Reset the peaking meter bar graph by pressing RESET PK MTR A 5 dB measurement range about half full scale is obtained SELF TEST MODES When switched ON from standby mode th
7. 20 dBm 6923 24 65 to 20 dBm 6930 series 15 to 35 dBm 6930 Series option 002 5 to 44 dBm Number of inputs 1 Instrumentation accuracy 1 range 0 1 2 including carry over 5 range 3 Power accuracy 0 2 dB assuming that calibration using a traceable 0 dBm power reference has taken place 2 dB typical when an uncalibrated sensor is used all sensors Specification applies when measuring a signal in the centre of the power sensor dynamic range from a source with return loss better than 14 dB Display Type LCD Resolution 4 digits for positive readings 3 digits for negative readings Units dB dBm nW uW mW mV V dBV 46882 182 1 3 GENERAL INFORMATION Annunciators Correction Linearity Factor Calibration Factor Auto Calibration Auto Zero Set accuracy Drift Noise Facilities Averaging dB relative Duty cycle Audio limit Analogue bargraph Battery low indicator Indication of auto ranging or manual range Upper and lower limits Ability to enter in range 0 01 to 15 with 0 01 resolution Defaults to standard setting Ability to enter in range 0 01 to 200 Resolution 0 01 to 99 99 0 1 100 and above Ability to calibrate against a 0 dBm 50 MHz reference This may be internal or a suitable external source Removes DC offset from amplifier gain stages and sensor 400 nW 6910 series 100 pW 6920 200 pW 6923 24 12 HW 6930 series Whe
8. amplifier range has been selected 46882 182 3 5 LOCAL OPERATION AUTO Indicates that autoranging of input amplifier has been selected SENSOR Indicates that sensor selection and calibration has been actioned BATTERY Indicates that the internal batteries require recharging If the unit has previously been fully charged the remaining battery charge should be sufficient for a further 15 minutes of operation This figure will be less if the batteries were not previously charged to full capacity lt lt Indicates that lower limit checking has been enabled 66 6086 Peaking Meter Bar Presents the measurement value in analogue form having a dynamic range of 5 dB about the half scale value Also indicates progress of the CAL and ZERO operations NOTE ON KEYPAD OPERATION AND LCD DISPLAYS Some of the primary functions have numeric values associated with them When such a function is selected its current value is displayed on the LCD and the numeric keys are enabled to allow the value to be changed Numeric entry is terminated by pressing the ON ENTER key The digits appear on the LCD as they are typed in If a wrong value is entered the entry should be completed using the key and the function re selected If it is simply required to view the current value a function without change press the appropriate function key The current value is displayed until the ON ENTER key is pressed The following functions do
9. an 2 1 I Bu VD REC 2 2 LIST OF FIGURES 1 2 1 DC inp t COHEN cats 2 1 POWER REQUIREMENTS The 6970 is fitted with rechargeable batteries which are sufficient for up to 8 hours continuous use between charges when new A 2 1 mm input connector is provided centre pin positive outer sleeve negative for a DC supply input of 9 V to 21 V AC Adapters are offered as a recommended accessory which can be used to both charge the internal batteries and power the unit for bench applications Different versions are available to suit different types of power socket If there is a requirement to power or recharge the 6970 from a DC bench supply using the supplied DC power connector the connector should be wired as shown in Fig 2 1 CAUTION Ensure that the connections are made correctly as incorrect wiring may damage the unit 9 to 21 V DC C0980 SUPPLY GROUND Fig 2 1 DC input connections An optional DC supply lead enables the unit to be charged from a standard vehicle cigar lighter socket A recharge time of 14 hours is recommended for a full charge but the charge rate is low enough such that the batteries will not be damaged if left on charge for extended periods of time An LED CHARGE indicates battery charging Note If the optional DC supply lead needs to be replaced it must be fitted with a 500 mA quick blow fuse The battery symbol is displayed on the LCD when the batteries require charging If
10. into micropower standby mode Used in conjunction with the SHIFT key to allow an offset or the current display value to be entered for relative measurements dB rel mode 3 4 46882 182 LOCAL OPERATION 4 Ww LIN FACTOR CAL FACTOR a a nW mV a DS mmm 2 SENSOR AUTO MAN ZERO 5 Fig 3 2 Liquid crystal display DISPLAY The LCD comprises the following Q 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 NUMERICAL VALUE three digit display of power reading four if positive log format dBm dBV and 4 digits in linear format watts volts or the keypad entry value and the input amplifier range 10 r1 r2 r3 when manually selecting ranges BEEPER Displayed when lower or upper limit checking is enabled to show that the beeper will sound when the limit is exceeded LIN FACTOR Displayed when LIN FACTOR key is pressed to access sensor linearity factor examination entry CAL Displayed when instrument sensor calibration function is in progress FACTOR Used in conjunction with CAL annunciator when CAL FACTOR key is pressed to access sensor calibration factor examination entry uW mW nW dBV dBm mV Indicates the measurement units selected The dB annunciator is used when the dB relative function is active gt gt Indicates that upper limit checking has been enabled ZERO Indicates that instrument zero function has been actioned MAN Indicates that manual selection of input
11. label or more precisely to two decimal places on the Calibration Data Chart which accompanies the sensor The allowed range of LINEARITY FACTOR is 0 01 to 15 00 The LINEARITY FACTOR is a correction figure to allow for the non linearity of the sensor s response to high power levels Select LIN FACTOR The LIN and FACTOR flags will be displayed and the currently selected LINEARITY FACTOR will be displayed Enter the required LINEARITY FACTOR using the numeric keys Press ON ENTER to set the LINEARITY FACTOR to the new value and return the instrument to normal operation Enter the sensors CAL FACTOR The CAL FACTOR is a correction figure which takes into account the variation in efficiency of RF to DC conversion in the sensor over its specified frequency range If the frequency of the signal to be measured is known the accuracy of the reading can be improved by entering the CAL FACTOR corresponding to the frequency A graph of CAL FACTOR against frequency is given on the side of each sensor and the calibration data chart gives CAL FACTOR at appropriate frequency intervals to two decimal places Select CAL FACTOR The CAL and FACTOR flags will be displayed and the currently selected CAL FACTOR Enter the required CAL FACTOR using the numeric keys Press ON ENTER to set the CAL FACTOR to the new value and return the instrument to normal operation The default CAL FACTOR value is 100 3 7 LOCAL OPERATION The 6970 i
12. nnen Epoxyharze oder andere Materialien enthalten sein die im Brandfall giftige Gase erzeugen Bei der Entsorgung m ssen deshalb entsprechende Vorsichtsma nahmen getroffen werden 46882 182 vii WARNING NICKEL CADMIUM Eine Nickel Cadmium Batterie ist in diesem Ger t eingebaut Das Ger t nicht besch digen oder verbrennen da tzende Elektrolyte freigesetzt wird Die Batterie kann dabei explodieren oder giftige Gase freisetzen D WARNING NETZADAPTER Der mitgelieferte Netzadapter ist entsprechend der Norm BS EN 60950 IEC 950 f r die Sicherheit datentechnischer Anlagen inklusive elektrischer B romaschinen ausgelegt und getestet worden Er entspricht den SELV Richtlinien f r Ger te mit niedrigen Gleichspannungsversorgungen Der Adapter entspricht mit doppelter Isolation der IEC Sicherheitsklasse II und ben tigt keinen Masse Schutzleiter Der Adapter enth lt keine reparier oder austauschbaren Teile und darf nicht ge ffnet werden Falls ein Netzkabel und ein Stecker mit eingebauter Sicherung verwendet werden beachten Sie bitte dab die Sicherung den elektrischen Werten des Adapters entspricht Weiter Information zur Leistungsaufnahme finden Sie unter Leistungsdaten in Kapitel 1 viii 46882 182 PRECAUZIONI WARNINGS CAUTIONS e NOTES Questi termini vengono utilizzati in questo manuale con significati specifici WARNINGS riportano informazioni atte ad evitare possibili pericoli alla persona CAUTIO
13. not require numeric input ZERO CAL SENSOR RESET PK MTR RANGE UNITS Selection of one of these functions initiates the appropriate operation PREPARATION FOR USE 1 Press ON ENTER to activate the instrument If the batteries require charging the battery symbol on the LCD will be displayed or the display will remain blank if the batteries are completely discharged Connect the AC adapter via the 2 1 mm connector at the bottom end of the instrument An LED indicates charging in progress and the 6970 will audibly beep whilst the batteries acquire sufficient charge to power up the unit For fully discharged cells the beeper may sound for several minutes Once the beep has stopped the instrument can be used while the batteries are being charged 3 6 46882 182 2 3 4 5 46882 182 LOCAL OPERATION Select a sensor appropriate for the power and frequency range to be used and connect it via the sensor cable to the SENSOR INPUT connector at the top of the instrument Select the correct sensor type by pressing SENSOR currently selected sensor type number will then be displayed on the LCD Further presses of SENSOR will step through the sequence of possible sensors as detailed in Chapter 1 variants of sensor type use the basic type number Press ON ENTER to confirm the selection default sensor is the IFR 6910 Enter the sensors LINEARITY FACTOR This is shown on the sensor
14. r sines et d autres mati res qui d gagent des fum es toxiques lors de leur incin ration Les pr cautions d usages doivent donc tre prises lorsqu on se d barrasse de ce type de composant 46882 182 V WARNING NICKEL CADMIUM Une batterie au cadmium nickel est utilis e dans cet quipement Ne pas l craser ou la broyer l lectrolyte contenu est corrosif Ne pas l incin rer cela risque de provoquer l explosion et le d gagement de fum es toxiques wARNING ADAPTATEUR SECTEUR L adaptateur secteur fourni avec l appareil a t concu et test en conformit avec la norme BSEN 60950 CE 950 S curit de quipements de technologie de l information et quipements lectriques industriels et suit les recommandations SELV des produits comportant des entr e continues faible voltage L adaptateur poss dant d origine une double isolation conform ment la norme CEI S curit Classe ne requi re pas de retour la masse L adaptateur ne contient pas de composants r parables et il faut absolument viter d ouvrir la prise Lorsque le c ble d alimentation connect l adaptateur contient un fusible il faut v rifier qu il soit bien dimensionn Voir chapitre 1 Performance data pour la consommation vi 46882 182 VORSICHTSMASSNAHMEN WARNINGS CAUTIONS und NOTES Diese Hinweise haben eine bestimmte Bedeutung in diesem Handbuch WARNINGS dienen zur Vermeidung von Verletzungsrisiken CA
15. ranging The MAN or AUTO flag on the LCD will show the current selection Press RANGE to display the current selection and to step through the sequence rO rl 12 r3 AUTO Press ON ENTER to select the displayed range When set to AUTO the instrument automatically selects the range most suitable for the input signal level If the measured power is higher than maximum for the range selected the display will change to or over range Similarly for under ranging ur will be displayed The range selection should be amended to suit The amplifier gain configuration is such that Range O r0 has the least gain and Range 3 13 the greatest Note that the automatic restart averaging function is disabled in manual range selection mode Lower limit When making repetitive power measurements such as in production testing the limit facility can be used to give a quick audible warning of a minimum power level not being attained 1 Press LOWER LIMIT the lt lt annunciator is displayed to indicate that limit checking is enabled ii Enter the lower limit value using the numeric entry keys ii Press ON ENTER to confirm the entry The beeper will sound and the lt lt annunciator will flash when the input power falls below the chosen limit iv To disable lower limit checking press LOWER LIMIT again Upper limit The UPPER LIMIT facility provides a similar quick audible warning of when a maximum power level is exceeded
16. requirements of IEC EN61010 1 for Class III hand held equipment and is for use in a pollution degree 2 environment The equipment is designed to operate from installation supply categories I Conforms with the protection requirements of the EEC Council Directive 89 336 EEC Complies with the limits specified in the following standards 55011 Class CISPR 11 EN50082 1 IEC 801 2 3 4 0 C to 55 C 40 C to 55 C Up to 85 RH at 40 C Up to 4600 m 15000ft 50 mm 1 9 in 88 mm 3 5 in 190 mm 7 5 in 486 g 1 1 Ib 550 g 1 2 Ib with Option 001 1 5 GENERAL INFORMATION OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES Supplied with 43138 663 1 5 m power sensor cable 23421 641 DC Power connector 2 1 mm 46882 182 Operating Manual 46882 183 Operating Summary Card Recommended accessory 54441 016 AC Adapter UK Style 54441 017 AC Adapter European Style 54441 018 AC Adapter USA Style Optional accessories 54112 159 Carrying pouch 54311 171 DC supply lead 46882 207 Maintenance Manual 54417 002 Waveguide 22 to PC 2 92 mm transformer 5443 1 030 N 10 dB attenuator DC 4 2 GHz 54431 031 N Type 10 dB attenuator DC 18 GHz 6900 Series Power Sensors SUPPORTED POWER SENSORS The 6970 supports the full range of IFR power sensors 17 sensors are available covering the frequency range from 30 kHz to 46 GHz dependent upon sensor used The power range depends on sensor type and covers from 70 dBm 0 1 nW to 44 dB
17. su uso WARNING AVISO DE TOXICIDAD Alguno de los componentes utilizados en este equipo pudieran incluir resinas u otro tipo de materiales que al arder produjeran sustancias t xicas Por tanto tome las debidas precauciones en la manipulaci n de esas piezas 46882 182 xi WARNING NIQUEL CADMIO En este equipo se utiliza una bater a de NiquelCadmio No las aplaste o rompa ya que podr a liberar electr lito corrosivo No las queme ya que podr a dar lugar a que la bater a explote o libere humos t xicos 5 WARNING ADAPTADOR DE ALIMENTACI N RED AC adaptador de alimentaci n suministrado ha sido disefiado y probado seg n la normativa BS EN 60950 IEC 950 Seguridad en aparatos de tecnolog as de la informaci n incluyendo equipamiento el ctrico de oficinas y cumple los requerimientos SELV de productos con baja tensi n de entrada DC adaptador cumple la normativa de seguridad clase est construido con doble aislamiento y no precisa conexi n a toma de tierra de seguridad En el interior del adaptador no existen partes reemplazables por el usuario y no debe hacerse ning n intento de abrir la carcasa Si el adaptador tiene instalada una clavija de red con fusible incorporado aseg rese de que el valor del fusible est en consonancia con el consumo de corriente del adaptador Vea el cap tulo 1 Especificaciones para obtener detalles del consumo de equipo Xii 46882 182 Chap
18. the unit has previously been fully charged the remaining battery charge should be sufficient for a further 15 minutes of operation This figure will be less if the batteries were not previously charged to full capacity 46882 182 2 1 INSTALLATION For maximum battery life the following is recommended a The unit should not be left on continuous charge for more than 72 hours without discharge b Maintain batteries in the unit in a charged condition c Recharge batteries at regular intervals approximately every 8 weeks if the unit is stored without use Note Any alternative AC Adapter should conform to the SELV requirements detailed in IEC950 EN60950 UL1950 sec 2 3 If the 6970 internal batteries have become almost completely discharged and a battery charger is connected the instrument s beeper will sound during the initial charging period approximately one minute During this time the instrument will be held in the reset state the keypad will be inoperative and the display will be blank When the battery voltage has increased sufficiently the beeper will stop The instrument can then be turned on and operated while charging proceeds Note Before using the instrument for the first time it is recommended that it is placed on charge for a minimum of 14 hours Note that since the shelf life of the batteries when installed in the unit is approximately 1 month they can become discharged through a long period of
19. 2 6930 002 6932 002 6934 42 dBm 15 W for 2 us 26 dBm 400 mW continuous 30 dBm 1 W for 2 us 137 dBm 5W continuous 50 dBm 100 W for 2 us 45 dBm 30 W continuous 60 dBm 1 kW for 2 us 33 dBm 2W continuous 45 dBm 32 W for 2 us Full details on the characteristics operation and maintenance of the sensors are contained in the instruction manual which accompanies each sensor 46882 182 1 7 GENERAL INFORMATION EC Declaration of Conformity Certificate Ref No 00045 The undersigned representing Manufacturer IFR Ltd Address Longacres House Norton Green Road Stevenage Hertfordshire U SG1 2BA Herewith declares that the product Equipment Description Power Meter Model 6970 Options is in conformity with the following EC directive s including all applicable amendments Reference No Title 73 23 EEC Low Voltage Directive 89 336 EEC Directive and that the standards and or technical specifications referenced below have been applied Safety EMC IEC EN61010 1 55011 1991 Class B EN50082 1 1992 60555 2 1987 IFR Stevenage Place 30th June 1998 Date ea Alan Smithies Product Liability Manager Signature 46882 182 1 9 2 INSTALLATION CONTENTS Page POWER REQUIREMENTS u
20. E TOSSICHE Alcuni dei componenti usati in questo strumento possono contenere resine o altri materiali che se bruciati possono emettere fumi tossici Prendere quindi le opportune precauzioni nell uso di tali parti 46882 182 ix WARNING NICHEL CADMIO Quest apparato incorpora una batteria al nichel cadmio Non tentare di rompere o comunque di manomettere la batteria in quanto essa contiene un elettroliti corrosivo Non incenerire in quanto la batteria pu esplodere o emettere dei fumi tossici O WARNING CARICA BATTERIE Il carica batterie fornito stato progettato e collaudato secondo le raccomandazioni IEC 950 BS EN 60950 Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business equipment e rispetta I requisiti SELV per prodotti alimentati in corrente continua e a bassa tensione carica batterie conforme con le apparecchiature di classe II di sicurezza IEC con doppio isolamento e non richiede collegamento di terra di protezione Il carica batterie non contiene parti sostituibili e qualsiasi tentativo di apertura da evitare Qualora il carica batterie contenga un fusibile verificare che sia del giusto amperaggio vedi capitolo 1 Performance data x 46882 182 PRECAUCIONES WARNINGS CAUTIONS y NOTES Estos t rminos tienen significados espec ficos en este manual WARNINGS contienen informaci n referente a prevenci n de dafos personales CAUTIONS contienen informaci n refere
21. FORMATION The instrument settings are automatically stored in non volatile memory when the unit powers down and these settings will be restored when the instrument is switched on again The optional AC adapter should be used to re charge the internal batteries but can also be used for powering the unit for bench applications An optional vehicle DC supply lead enables the unit to be charged or operated from a standard vehicle cigar lighter socket New batteries will provide a minimum of 8 hours continuous use before recharging is required reducing with extensive use high temperature and high humidity Limit checking with both upper and lower power limits may be performed with convenient audio and visual alarms to alert the user of a measurement that is out of limits Sensor calibration and linearity factors can be entered with the dual function keypad The 6970 and power sensor can also be calibrated using the integral 0 dBm 50 MHz power reference with traceability to National Standards The 6970 is fully auto ranging but also has a manual range control facility provided for fixed range measurements or modulated signals The display indicates either AUTO or MAN as appropriate with indication of under and over range conditions PERFORMANCE DATA Frequency range 30 kHz to 46 GHz dependent on sensor Power range 70 dBm 0 1 nW to 44 dBm 25 W dependent on sensor Power sensors supported 6910 series 30 to 20 dBm 6920 70 to
22. For best possible measurement accuracy the sensor should be calibrated against the integral power reference immediately following a sensor zero The power reference provides a very stable power source with excellent source match for effects of source match see Appendix A Power Measurement Error Analysis traceable to international standards Enter the 50 calibration factor supplied with the sensor Connect the sensor to the integral 50 MHz 0 dBm power reference if fitted then press SHIFT CAL to calibrate the sensor the peaking indicator shows time to completion An external power reference may be used to perform the sensor calibration if the power reference option is not fitted When using 6920 series sensors the supplied 30 dB attenuator must be used between the calibrator output and power sensor during calibration When using 6930 Series option 002 sensors the supplied 10 dB attenuator must be removed before connection to the calibrator output and then reconnected to the sensor before any subsequent measurements 3 8 46882 182 LOCAL OPERATION Units The currently selected measurement units will be shown on the LCD change the units press UNITS If the current units are Watts the instrument will select the appropriate scaling from mW uW or nW similarly with V or mV when Volts are selected Available units are dB dBm W V and dBV Range The input amplifier ranges can be manually selected or set to auto
23. L OPERATION TABLE 3 3 DEFAULT VALUES FUNCTION SETTING LINEARITY FACTOR 8 000 CAL FACTOR 100 0 LOWER LIMIT 0 000 mW UPPER LIMIT 999 9 mW UNITS dBm SENSOR 6910 Auto power off When the unit is powered from its internal batteries the auto power off feature can be enabled whereby the unit will switch off automatically if there have been no keypresses over a period of 6 minutes If the SHIFT key is held pressed successive presses of the UNITS key toggles auto power off between enabled PO 6 displayed and disabled PO displayed Pressing ON ENTER confirms the selection SUMMARY OF MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE Preparation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Select a sensor suitable for the measurement Connect the sensor to 6970 using the supplied sensor cable Turn on the unit by pressing ON ENTER Select the correct sensor type step SENSOR ENTER Enter the sensor LINEARITY FACTOR 0 01 to 15 LIN FACTOR value ON ENTER Enter the 50 MHz sensor CALIBRATION FACTOR 0 01 to 200 CAL FACTOR value ON ENTER Connect the sensor via the precision attenuator if necessary to the internal 50 MHz OdBm power reference if fitted Alternatively an external power reference may be used to perform the calibration Ensure that no RF power is applied to the sensor then press SHIFT ZERO to zero the sensor To calibrate the sensor press
24. NS riportano informazioni per evitare possibili pericoli all apparecchiatura Notes riportano importanti informazioni di carattere generale SIMBOLI DI PERICOLO Significato dei simboli di pericolo utilizzati nell apparato Simbolo Tipo di pericolo Pericolo sostanze tossiche n Class Il supply CONDIZIONI GENERALI D USO Questo prodotto stato progettato e collaudato per rispondere ai requisiti della direttiva IEC EN61010 1 Safety requirements for electronic measuring apparatus per apparati di classe III palmari e per l uso in un ambiente inquinato di grado 2 L apparato e stato progettato per essere alimentato da un alimentatore di categoria I Lo strumento deve essere protetto dal possibile ingresso di liquidi quali ad es acqua pioggia neve ecc Qualora lo strumento venga portato da un ambiente freddo ad uno caldo importante lasciare che la temperatura all interno dello strumento si stabilizzi prima di alimentarlo per evitare formazione di condense Lo strumento deve essere utilizzato esclusivamente nelle condizioni ambientali descritte nel capitolo 1 Performance Data del manuale operativo Questo prodotto non 6 stato approvato per essere usato in ambienti pericolosi o applicazioni medicali Se lo strumento deve essere usato per applicazioni particolari collegate alla sicurezza per esempio applicazioni militari o avioniche occorre che una persona o un istituto competente ne certifichi l uso WARNING PERICOLO SOSTANZ
25. PTANCE TESTING Appendix POWER MEASUREMENT ERROR ANALYSIS INDEX 46882 182 PRECAUTIONS WARNINGS CAUTIONS and NOTES These terms have specific meanings in this manual WARNINGS contain information to prevent personal injury CAUTIONS contain information to prevent damage to the equipment Notes contain important general information HAZARD SYMBOLS The meaning of hazard symbols appearing on the equipment is as follows Symbol Nature of hazard Toxic hazard n Class supply A Static sensitive component GENERAL CONDITIONS OF USE This product is designed and tested to comply with the requirements of IEC EN61010 1 Safety requirements for electronic measuring apparatus for Class III hand held equipment and is for use in a pollution degree 2 environment The equipment is designed to operate from an installation Category I supply Equipment should be protected from the ingress of liquids and precipitation such as rain snow etc When moving the instrument from a cold to a hot environment it is important to allow the temperature of the instrument to stabilise before it is connected to the supply to avoid condensation forming The instrument must only be operated within the environmental conditions specified in Chapter 1 Performance Data This product is not approved for use in hazardous atmospheres or medical applications If the equipment is to be used in a safety related application e g avionics or milita
26. RF POWER METER 6970 IFR Ltd 2000 No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying or recorded by any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing by IFR Ltd Printed in the UK Manual part no 46882 182 Issue 12 23 February 2000 Operating Manual POWER MEASUREMENT ERROR ANALYSIS CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION esito ty isa iO via FRU ge uM Cus uisi aristis Mi ik 1 ERROR SOURCES rn Es ib 1 Instrumentaci n Er RER 1 Mismatch A 1 A AA rinite A 2 Calculating measurement ncertainty 2255222 ae di ek crat A 2 Typical uncertainty calculations metere ga redde bend A 3 INTRODUCTION The 6970 uses the customary technique of power measurement of a sensor element at the power source with a remote signal processing unit By using a microcontroller and digital signal processing techniques sensor correction calibration and zeroing factors can be used to give the best enhancement of measurement accuracy RF power measurements are never free from uncertainties These be due to instrumentation error mismatch uncertainty and sensor calibration uncertainty Significant measurement errors are possible unless these uncertainties are reduced to a minimum ERROR SOURCES Instrumentation Error The instrumentation error comes fro
27. UTIONS dienen dem Schutz der Ger te Notes enthalten wichtige Informationen GEFAHRENSYMBOLE Die Gefahrensymbole auf den Ger ten sind wie folgt Symbol Gefahrenart Warnung vor giftigen Substanzen n Class supply ALLGEMEINE HINWEISE ZUR VERWENDUNG Dieses Produkt wurde entsprechend den Anforderungen von IEC EN61010 1 Sicherheitsanforderungen f r elektronische Me ger te Klasse f r Betrieb in der Hand zur Verwendung in einer Grad 2 verunreinigten Umgebung entwickelt und getestet Dieses Ger t ist f r Netzversorgung Klasse I zugelassen Das Me ger t sollte vor dem Eindringen von Fl ssigkeiten sowie vor Regen Schnee etc gesch tzt werden Bei Standort nderung von kalter in w rmere Umgebung sollte das Me ger t wegen der Kondensation erst nach Anpassung an die w rmere Umgebung mit dem Netz verbunden werden Das Me ger t darf nur in Umgebungsbedingungen wie in Kapitel 1 Leistungsdaten Performance data der Bedienungsanleitung beschrieben betrieben werden Dieses Produkt ist nicht f r den Einsatz in gef hrlicher Umgebung z B Ex Bereich und f r medizinische Anwendungen gepr ft Sollte das Ger t f r den Einsatz in sicherheitsrelevanten Anwendungen wie z B im Flugverkehr oder bei militaerischen Anwendungen vorgesehen sein so ist dieser von einer f r diesen Bereich zust ndigen Person zu beurteilen und genehmigen WARNING WARNUNG VOR GIFTIGEN SUBSTANZEN In einigen Bauelementen dieses Ger ts k
28. assembly The DC input connector is similarly located at the bottom end of the case with a voltage regulator heat sink plate attached to it The Power Reference PCB is secured inside the upper half of the case and is fixed to the LCD PCB The power reference output N type connector is located on the front panel of the case next to the previously mentioned SENSOR INPUT connector SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The heart of the 6970 Power Meter is an 8 bit microcontroller which provides control and timing for the unit and processes measurement data acquired through an analogue digital converter ADC it also drives the liquid crystal display LCD and interfaces which the keypad Program code is contained in internal ROM The 6970 uses a signal chopper to provide a pulsed DC voltage which is proportional to the incident RF power and thus allows AC coupled differential amplification The tuned input amplifier is distributed between the selected sensor and the 6970 input amplifier as shown in Fig 4 1 46882 182 4 1 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION The second stage amplifier scales the signal as appropriate over four ranges before feeding the ADC which converts the analogue signal to a digital form suitable for the microcontroller to process and apply corrections A digital analogue converter DAC is used as part of the sensor zero operation to minimize and account for system offsets when no RF signal is applied The internal power source comprises three re
29. chargeable NiCd cells two DC DC converters used to boost the NiCd power source to regulated 5 V and 5 V power rails required by the analogue and digital circuitry The power reference provides a 0 dBm 1mW 50 MHz signal from a level controlled oscillator based on a dual gate FET Thermal compensation techniques are used in the design of the oscillator such that the long term drift of output power due to temperature variations is minimised 4 2 46882 182 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION LEE 99 7 0 A9 E AlddNS H3MOd 318VN3 Sd 39N343338 Bane HATIOHLNODOHOIN 62 ova H3ddOHO H3ddOHO lVNSIS YOLOALAG du HOSN3S HAMOd Y3IAITdWV 35NVH HAITI i 1 Aasna Dav 0 35NVH Fig 4 1 6970 block diagram 4 3 46882 182 Chapter 5 ACCEPTANCE TESTING CONTENTS Page ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF POWER METER e 5 1 ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF POWER REFERENCE eee 5 4 LIST OF TABLES Table 5 1 Signal generator power levels for instrumentation accuracy test 5 3 ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF POWER METER SPECIFICATION Instrumentation accuracy 1 range 0 1 2 5 range 3 TEST EQUIPMENT Description Minimum specification Signal generator Power range 60 to 13 dBm IFR 2030 series Power sensor IFR 6900 series IFR 6910 IFR Ltd was previously known as Marconi Inst
30. ctor 2 1 mm connector for 9 to 21 V DC supply for charging internal batteries Battery charging indicator Power reference ON indicator KEYPAD The keypad consists of 13 keys all except one with dual functions The primary key functions are indicated by labels on each key the secondary functions the numeric keypad by labels under the keys After selection of a primary function the numeric keys are normally enabled to allow numerical entry of data for that function The primary functions of all 13 keys are summarised below The secondary functions are shown in brackets Functions labelled in blue are accessed by the SHIFT key ON ENTER Used to activate the instrument out of standby mode also to confirm the entering of a value from the numeric keys When the unit is measuring power pressing this key will restart the automatic averaging Used in conjunction with the SHIFT key it switches the integral power reference on and off SHIFT 8 This key allows access to the ZERO and CAL operations and thus prevents accidental initiation of these functions In combination with other keys it also enables the integral power reference to be switched on and off for calibration and verification purposes initiates duty cycle correction and the dB relative function toggles the auto power off feature on and off ZERO 7 Actions the measurement zero function only after the SHIFT key has been pressed CAL 9 Action
31. e instrument performs a check on the internal non volatile memory as described previously A number of test functions are also enabled by switching ON the unit whilst simultaneously pressing another key 1 2 3 Display Test With the instrument in standby mode press OFF press and hold CAL FACTOR and press ON ENTER All segments of the LCD will be displayed at a 1 second flash rate To end the test press ON ENTER Keypad Test With the instrument in standby mode press OFF press and hold SHIFT and press ON ENTER Test the keys by pressing each key in turn As a key is pressed its number should be displayed and the beeper sounded To end the test press ON ENTER to resume normal operation Software Issue With the instrument in standby mode press OFF press and hold RESET PK MTR and press ON ENTER The current software issue is displayed on the LCD Press ON ENTER to resume normal operation MICROCONTROLLER RESET OPERATION Should the unit fail to power up correctly during normal operation or whilst being re charged the microcontroller may be reset by pressing the button located between the two front feet on the underside of the unit Once reset the microcontroller will power up with default measurement data as detailed in Table 3 3 46882 182 3 13 LOCAL OPERATION SENSOR OVERLOAD WARNING Should the RF incident on the power sensor be at a level in excess of the stated maximum input lev
32. easurements are being made with modulated signals manual range selection should be used to over ride the automatic restart function The time taken to produce the averaged measurement value therefore varies with selected range as shown in Table 3 1 To restart measurement averaging at any time press ON ENTER TABLE 3 1 MEASUREMENT RESPONSE TIMES RANGE RESPONSE TIME 0 0 5s 1 2 0s 2 5 05 3 18 0s Power down stores When the unit is switched OFF i e in micropower standby mode the current instrument settings are stored in non volatile memory as shown in Table 3 2 TABLE 3 2 SETTINGS HELD NON VOLATILE MEMORY FUNCTION RANGE STATES LINEARITY FACTOR CAL FACTOR LOWER UPPER LIMIT 0 01 to 15 00 0 01 to 200 0 000 to 999 9 mW 0 000 to 999 9 mV 100 to 100 dBm 100 to 100 dBV RANGE 0 1 2 3 AUTO UNITS Log or linear dBm dBV W mV dB Peaking indicator centre level Sensor type number Sensor CAL data Sensor ZERO data 6910 6920 6930 When the instrument is switched ON from standby mode a checksum test is made of the memory contents and if successful the stored parameters are re established If the test fails the stored values are reset to the default values as shown in Table 3 3 Note If the unit has previously been fully charged it can be left in standby mode for approximately three months before recharging is required 46882 182 3 11 LOCA
33. el for the power sensor the warning message OL will appear on the LCD together with a continuous tone from the beeper The RF source should be removed promptly to avoid damaging the sensor LOW LEVEL POWER MEASUREMENTS The 6920 Power Sensor used with a 6970 Power Meter is an extremely sensitive measuring system capable of reading power levels as low as 70 dBm 65 dBm for 6923 24 power sensors It is therefore necessary to follow a few simple precautions to ensure an accurate reading at these low levels a b d e f Allow the sensor to stabilize to ambient temperature before attempting to start the calibration and measurement Ensure the sensor is not subjected to changes of temperature during the calibration and measurement For example handle the sensor as little as possible and do not carry out the measurement in a stream of hot air from an instrument When measuring power levels at the bottom end of the sensor s dynamic range set the 6970 to manual ranging range 3 Manual range selection is used because it over rides the automatic restart averaging function giving a more stable power reading display However the response time will be longer than in auto ranging mode Refer to Table 5 1 for the approximate upper range limits for each sensor type these are likely to vary by 2 dB to allow for the spread in sensor sensitivities When zeroing the sensor ensure that it is not receiving radiated power at its inpu
34. evel iv Set the duty cycle back to 100 when making normal non pulsed measurements Note that with duty cycles other than 100 the auto restart averaging function is disabled Use the ON ENTER key to restart averaging dB relative function This function allows an offset to be added to the LCD readout value A typical example application would be for the correction of an attenuator pad placed in front of the power sensor To enter the offset press SHIFT OFF then enter the offset value in dB Press ON ENTER to confirm the entry An attenuator placed in front of the power sensor is defined as having a negative offset value whilst an amplifier requires a positive offset value to be entered To use the current measurement value as a 0 dB reference to measure a drift in power level for example press SHIFT OFF ON ENTER When an offset has been applied the dB annunciator is displayed on the LCD Press UNITS to disable the dB relative function 3 10 46882 182 LOCAL OPERATION OTHER FUNCTIONS Averaging Averaging is used to reduce the effect of noise on measurements A number of reading samples are taken and the average value calculated and displayed The number of samples taken for each measurement varies with input range sensitivity the maximum being taken on the most sensitive range 6970 employs an automatic restart averaging function which resets the averaging whenever an RF input level change is detected If m
35. f instrument 3 12 DIS PLAN 3 5 Duty cycle 3 10 E ErrorsOUFCeS App A 1 K Key FUNCTIONS neh 3 8 A issus 3 2 L ECD Display ee 3 5 Limit CHECKING es 5 9 Linearity factor 3 7 Low level power measurements 3 14 M Microcontroller reset 3 13 3 14 46882 182 Options and accessories 1 7 P Peak indication aaa 3 10 od 1 3 Power measurement error analysis App 1 1 2 3 8 Power requirements 2 1 Power down stores 3 11 Preparation for 5 3 6 R Range 3 9 Response time of measurement 3 11 S Self test modes sn 2 2 3 13 Sensor calibration 3 2 3 8 A aina NRE 3 2 3 8 Static Sensitive components iv Stored instrument settings 3 11 Supported power SenSsors 1 7 System 5 4 1 T Tests keyboard and display 2 2 3 13 U EJ Till too 3 9 2 FOV OWNS 3 2 3 8 Index 1
36. he appropriate power for r2 as shown in Table 5 1 in 0 1 dB steps until or is displayed on the LCD Reduce the power level by 0 2 dB Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 10 seconds Press SHIFT OFF to reset dB Rel then press ON ENTER Check that 0 000 dB is displayed Press RANGE repeatedly until MAN is shown on the LCD then press ON ENTER to select Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 10 seconds The displayed reading should be in the range 0 04 to 0 04 dB 1 iv With the unit still set to rl increase the source power from the appropriate power for r1 as shown in Table 5 1 in 0 1 dB steps until or is displayed on the LCD Reduce the power level by 0 2 dB 46882 182 Note ACCEPTANCE TESTING If the or indication does not apper on range 1 even when the maximum output level of the signal generator has been reached then this level 13 dBm should be used for the measurement Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 5 seconds Press SHIFT OFF to reset dB Rel then press ON ENTER Check that 0 000 dB is displayed Press RANGE repeatedly until 0 is shown on the LCD then press ON ENTER to select Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 5 seconds The displayed reading should be in the range 0 04 to 0 04 dB 1 TABLE 5 1 SIGNAL GENERATOR POWER LEVELS FOR INSTRUMENTATION ACCURACY TEST SENSOR TYPE r3 Range 3 r2 Range 2 r1 Range 1
37. internal 50 MHz power reference if fitted or an external 50 MHz 0 dBm standard A 30 dB attenuation pad should be connected between 6920 series sensors and the power reference Press SHIFT CAL to initiate a sensor calibration the peaking indicator shows time to completion Check that the display reads 0 dBm following the calibration or 30 dBm for 6920 series sensors Instrumentation Accuracy Connect a 6910 6920 or 6930 series power sensor to the signal generator then perform the following operations 1 Ensure that the is turned off then perform a sensor zero ii Press RANGE repeatedly until r3 and MAN are displayed on the LCD then press ON ENTER to select this range the MAN annunciator should remain visible on the LCD indicating that auto ranging has been disabled Set the signal generator to 50 MHz and to the appropriate power level for r3 as shown in Table 5 1 Increase the source power level in 0 1 dB steps until or is displayed on the LCD Reduce the power level by 0 2 dB Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 20 seconds Press SHIFT OFF to invoke dB Rel then press ON ENTER Check that 0 000 dB is displayed Press RANGE repeatedly until r2 is shown on the LCD then press ON ENTER to select Press ON ENTER to restart averaging and wait 10 seconds The displayed reading should be in the range 0 22 to 0 21 dB 5590 ii With the unit still set to r2 increase the source power from t
38. m 25W To cater for the different frequency ranges connector types include N type 3 5 mm and 2 92 mm Table 1 1 summarizes the characteristics of the power sensors currently available for use with the 6970 1 6 46882 182 GENERAL INFORMATION TABLE 1 1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 6910 6920 AND 6930 SERIES POWER SENSORS WHEN USED WITH 6970 Sensor Frequency range Power range Connector 6910 10 MHz to 20 GHz 80 to 20 dBm N type m 6911 10 MHz to 20 GHz 30 to 20 dBm APC7 6912 30 kHz to 4 2 GHz 80 to 20 dBm N type m 6913 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz 30 to 20 dBm 3 5 mm m 6914 10 MHz to 40 GHz 30 to 20 dBm PC 2 92 mm m 69145 10 MHz to 46 GHz 30 to 20 dBm PC 2 92 mm m 6919 30 kHz to 3 GHz 30 to 20 dBm N type 75 ohm 6920 10 MHz to 20 GHz 70 to 20 dBm N type m 6923 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz 65 to 20 dBm 3 5 mm m 6924 10 MHz to 40 GHz 65 to 20 dBm PC 2 92 mm m 69245 10 MHz to 46 GHz 65 to 20 dBm PC 2 92 mm m 6930 10 MHz to 18 GHz 15 to 435 dBm N type m 6930 002 10 MHz to 18 GHz 5 to 44 dBm N type m 6932 30 kHz to 4 2 GHz 15 to 435 dBm N type m 6932 002 30 kHz to 4 2 GHz 5 to 44 dBm N type m 6934 10 MHz to 40 GHz 15 to 30 dBm PC 2 92 mm m 69345 10 MHz to 46 GHz 15 to 30 dBm PC 2 92 mm m The maximum safe input power for the power sensors is as follows 6910 series 25 dBm 300 mW continuous 6920 series 6930 693
39. m component tolerances and calibration uncertainty of the power meter The total instrumentation accuracy of 6970 is typically 0 5 96 Mismatch Error Large uncertainties can arise from either sensor or source mismatches The first effect of these mismatches is to cause a transmission loss i e the sensor does not receive the maximum available power from the source The second effect is multiple reflections occurring between the source and the sensor causing unpredictable transmission losses POWER MEASUREMENT ERROR ANALYSIS Power reference uncertainty When the power reference is used to calibrate the power meter and the power sensor together the accuracy of the reference oscillator becomes part of the overall measurement uncertainty Calculating measurement uncertainty For a source and load having complex reflection coefficients of and respectively the ratio of transmitted power to maximum available power is as follows MOSS lr This has a maximum of 2 2 a minimum of Ps i Ey Uncertainty is usually quoted as a percentage uncertainty From the previous formula Positive uncertainty 100 x I ie Negative uncertainty 100 Esr 1 e The positive and negative uncertainties are essentially the same for low reflection coefficients but as the reflection coefficients increase the positive uncertainty increases more ra
40. n measured over one hour at constant temperature 10 nW 6910 series 100 pW 6920 series 300 nW 6930 series averaged over 5 seconds 100 nW 6910 series 100 pW 6920 series 3 uW 6930 series Selected automatically Ability to select the current measurement value or a user defined value as an offset for relative power measurements Enables entry of duty cycle of pulsed signal in the range 0 01 to 100 The 6970 calculates the peak value of the pulsed signal from the average power measured by the sensor Produces audible tones when the measured power is above or below programmed limits 46882 182 Batteries Operating time Time to recharge Power consumption Battery charger requirements Power reference Frequency Level Uncertainty Accuracy Output connector General 46882 182 Safety Electromagnetic compatibility Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Storage humidity range Storage altitude range Dimensions and weight Height Width Depth Weight GENERAL INFORMATION 3 rechargeable Nickel Cadmium AA size 27 hours from full charge when new 14 hours 250 mW 9 V to 21 V DC 120 mA via a 2 1 mm power connector 50 MHz 0 05 MHz 0 dBm 1 mW 0 7 traceable to National Standards 1 2 worst case for one year N female 50 Adapters are supplied with 75 Q 3 5 mm and 2 92 mm power sensors This instrument is designed to comply with the
41. non use this situation can therefore occur with a new unit INITIAL INSPECTION With the internal batteries charged or with an external DC supply connected carry out the following tests Ensure that the instrument is switched off at the start of each test 1 Keypad test Press and hold down the SHIFT key press the ON ENTER key and then release the key Press each keypad key in turn the key number should be displayed on the LCD Press the ON ENTER key to end the test 2 Display test Press and hold down the CAL FACTOR key press the ON ENTER key then release the ON ENTER key segments of the display should be illuminated and flash at 1 second intervals Press the ON ENTER key to end the test 3 Software Issue Press and hold down the RESET PK MTR key press the ON ENTER key then release the ON ENTER key The software issue number will be displayed on the LCD Press the ON ENTER key to end the test For more detailed acceptance testing refer to Chapter 6 2 2 46882 182 Chapter 3 OPERATION CONTENTS Page PANE ATOUT Lei La ROLLS 3 2 KEYPAD criadas 3 2 DISPLAY ren ann 3 5 NOTE ON KEYPAD OPERATION AND LCD 3 6 PREPARA TION TOR USB Nd 3 6 KEY FUNCTION Saito 3 8 Lit td 3 8 EE 3 8 ois
42. nte a prevenci n de da os en equipos Notes contienen informaci n general importante S MBOLOS DE PELIGRO Los significados de los s mbolos de peligro que aparecen en los equipos son los siguientes S mbolo Naturaleza del peligro Aviso de toxicidad n Class supply CONDICIONES GENERALES DE USO Este producto ha sido dise ado y probado para cumplir los requerimientos de la normativa IEC EN61010 1 Especificaciones de los requisitos de seguridad para instrumentos electr nicos de medida para equipos clase III de mano y para uso en un ambiente con un grado de contaminaci n 2 El equipo ha sido dise ado para funcionar sobre una instalaci n de alimentaci n de categor as I Debe protegerse el equipo de la entrada de l quidos y precipitaciones como nieve lluvia etc Cuando se traslada el equipo de entorno fr o a un entorno caliente es importante aguardar la estabilizaci n el equipo para evitar la condensaci n S lo debe utilizarse el aparato en las condiciones ambientales especificadas en el cap tulo 1 Especificaciones o Performance Data del Manual de Instrucciones Manual de Operaci n Funcionamiento Este producto no ha sido aprobado para su utilizaci n en entornos peligrosos o en aplicaciones m dicas Si se va a utilizar el equipo en una aplicaci n con implicaciones en cuanto a seguridad como por ejemplo aplicaciones de avi nica o militares es preciso que un experto competente en materia de seguridad apruebe
43. pidly than the negative uncertainty If the source and load matches are quoted as VSWRs then they may be converted to reflection coefficients by the following simple formula n where S is the VSWR 5 1 If the reflection coefficients are small typically less than 0 15 the positive and negative uncertainties can be taken to be equal and the uncertainty can be approximated by Percentage uncertainty 200 x App A 2 46882 182 POWER MEASUREMENT ERROR ANALYSIS Typical uncertainty calculations 1 Calculate the mismatch uncertainty for a source reflection coefficient of 0 33 and a sensor reflection coefficient of 0 05 Positive uncertainty 100 x 1 0 33 x 0 05 2 1 100 x 1 0 0165 2 1 100 x 1 0333 1 3 33 Negative uncertainty 100 x 1 0 33 x 0 05 2 1 100 x 1 0 0165 2 1 100 x 0 9673 1 3 27 2 Calculate the uncertainties for the source VSWR of 1 3 1 and a sensor VSWR of 1 05 1 VSWRs must first be turned in to reflection coefficients 4 E3712 03 0 130 1341 2 3 p 10571 0 05 _ 0 024 1 05 1 2 05 As both the source and sensor reflection coefficients are low we can apply the approximation formula described previously Percentage uncertainty 200 x 0 13 x 0 024 0 624 46882 182 App A 3 CONTENTS PRECAUTIONS Chapter 1 GENERAL INFORMATION Chapter 2 INSTALLATION Chapter 3 OPERATION Chapter 4 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Chapter 5 ACCE
44. ruments Ltd With the internal batteries fully charged or with the external AC adapter connected the following acceptance tests should be performed 1 2 3 4 46882 182 Keypad test Press and hold down the SHIFT key press the ON ENTER key and then release the key Press each keypad key in turn the key number should be displayed on the LCD Press the ON ENTER key to end the test Display test Press and hold down the CAL FACTOR key press the ON ENTER key then release the ON ENTER key segments of the display should be illuminated and flash at 1 second intervals Press the ON ENTER key to end the test Software Issue Press and hold down the RESET PK MTR key press the ON ENTER key then release the ON ENTER key The software issue number will be displayed on the LCD Press the ON ENTER key to end the test Sensor Zero Connect a 6910 6920 or 6930 Series sensor to the unit with the supplied sensor cable then enter the correct sensor type by pressing the SENSOR key until the sensor type is shown on the LCD Ensure that no RF 5 1 ACCEPTANCE TESTING 5 2 5 6 power is incident on the sensor then press SHIFT ZERO to initiate a sensor zero the peaking indicator shows time to completion The warning message FAIL will be displayed on the LCD if the sensor fails to zero correctly Sensor Calibration Connect a 6910 6920 or 6930 series sensor to the
45. ry applications the suitability of the product must be assessed and approved for use by a competent person WARNING TOXIC HAZARDS Some of the components used in this equipment may include resins and other materials which give off toxic fumes if incinerated Take appropriate precautions therefore in the disposal of these items 46882 182 iii WARNING NICKEL CADMIUM A Nickel cadmium battery is used in this equipment Do not crush or otherwise mutilate as corrosive electrolyte can be released Do not incinerate as they may explode or release toxic fumes O WARNING POWER ADAPTER The supplied power adapter has been designed and tested in accordance with BS EN 60950 IEC 950 Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business equipment and meets the SELV requirements of products with low voltage DC supply inputs The adapter conforms with IEC safety Class II incorporating double insulation in its construction and does not require a protective ground connection No user serviceable parts are contained within the adapter and no attempt should be made to open the case Where a supply lead is fitted to adapters incorporating an integrally fused plug ensure that the fuse rating is commensurate with the current requirements of the adapter See under Performance data in Chapter 1 for power requirements CAUTION LCD HANDLING When using this equipment take care not to depress the front of the di
46. s now ready to make uncorrected power measurements Connect the sensor via attenuator or matching unit as required to the source to be measured A power reading in dBm will be obtained Note that a sensor zero and calibration will be required for accurate power measurements as described in SUMMARY OF MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE page 3 12 CAUTION IFR 6910 6920 and 6930 series power sensors are fitted with precision microwave connectors in type N MPC 3 5 mm APC7 and PC 2 92 mm To avoid damage to these connectors they should not be mated with non precision connector types KEY FUNCTIONS The remaining keys allow for a variety of refinements to be made to the basic reading Each of the keys not already discussed in Preparation for Use is described below Zero This will offset any residual voltage in the power meter sensor combination before connection to the equipment under test Ensure that no RF power is applied to the sensor then press SHIFT ZERO The display will be cleared and the ZERO annunciator will be displayed together with the power sensor type number The peaking meter bar will progress across the display from left to right during the zeroing sequence On completion the instrument will be restored to normal operation NOTE If the ZERO operation is performed with RF present or a power sensor is not connected to the unit the warning message FAIL will be displayed on the LCD Press any key to remove the message Cal
47. s the sensor calibration function only after the SHIFT key has been pressed 3 2 46882 182 LOCAL OPERATION rf power meter 6970 POWER REFERENCE C4291 Fig 3 1 6790 Power meter 46882 182 3 3 LOCAL OPERATION SENSOR 4 Allows the display and selection of the RF sensor type connected The first press of the key will clear the display and display the current sensor type Subsequent presses will step through the sequence of sensor type numbers LIN FACTOR 5 For setting and examining sensor linearity factor CAL FACTOR 6 For setting and examining sensor calibration factor LOWER LIMIT 1 Enables and disables lower limit checking and setting of the lower limit value RESET PK MTR 2 Sets the peaking indicator to half full scale value corresponding to the current sensor input power UPPER LIMIT 3 Enables and disables upper limit checking and setting of the upper limit value RANGE 0 Allows examination and alteration of the amplifier gain ranges Four manual gain ranges can be selected together with auto ranging for normal operation Used in conjunction with the SHIFT key to allow the setting and examination of the RF duty cycle UNITS Allows selection of the output measurement format dBV dBm watts volts Used in conjunction with the SHIFT key to allow the auto power off feature to be toggled on and off OFF Used to set the instrument
48. splay module as this may damage the liquid crystal elements CAUTION STATIC SENSITIVE COMPONENTS This equipment contains static sensitive components which may be damaged by handling refer to the Maintenance part of the Service Manual for handling precautions CAUTION PRECISION CONNECTOR The precision Type N connector fitted to this instrument Option 001 only may be damaged by mating with a non precision type Damage to the connector may also occur if the connector interface parameters are not within specification The connector should be checked with the appropriate gauging tool CAUTION SUITABILITY FOR USE This equipment has been designed and manufactured by IFR Ltd to for making power measurements in the range 0 1 nW to 25 W over a wide range of frequencies using the IFR 6900 series of power sensors IFR Ltd has no control over the use of this equipment and cannot be held responsible for events arising from its use other than for its intended purpose iv 46882 182 PRECAUTIONS WARNINGS CAUTIONS et NOTES Les termes suivants ont dans ce manuel des significations particulieres WARNINGS contient des informations pour viter toute blessure au personnel CAUTIONS contient des informations pour viter les dommages aux quipements Notes contient d importantes informations d ordre g n ral SYMBOLES SIGNALANT UN RISQUE La signification des symboles li s cet quipement est la suivante Symbole Nature du risque
49. t connector Ensure that the internal power reference is switched off to prevent RF radiation being picked up by the power sensor The procedure entails the following functions to be performed immediately prior to the measurement and in the given order SHIFT ZERO with no RF power applied to the sensor SHIFT CAL with the sensor connected to a power reference again SHIFT ZERO with no RF power applied to the sensor and where feasible a final zero with the sensor connected to the signal source to be measured again ensuring no RF power is being applied to the sensor 46882 182 Chapter 4 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION CONTENTS Page CONSTRUCTION ee adas 4 1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION cusco it 4 1 LIST OF FIGURES Fig 4 1 6970 block 4 3 CONSTRUCTION The 6970 Power Meter is enclosed in a plastic case moulded in two halves The electronic circuits are located on two multi layer PCBs using surface mounted components The upper case half has the LCD PCB secured inside with the LCD visible through an aperture The keypad assembly uses metal dome spring keys in a layered construction which is adhesively fixed to the case upper surface Three NiCd rechargeable batteries are held in clips on the PCB The lower case half has the Main PCB secured inside The SENSOR INPUT multi pin connector fitted to the aluminium polycarbonate front panel is located in a groove at the top end of the case
50. ter 1 GENERAL INFORMATION CONTENTS Page CONVENTION Sunat 1 1 PURPOSE AND FEATURES OF EQUIPMENT 1 1 ACCURACY ioi a 1 2 OPERATIONAL FACILITIES nn iaia 1 2 PERFORMANCE DA ausente tema n eb Ri 1 3 OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES een 1 6 SUPPORTED POWER SENSOR Sissi en 1 6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 1 General characteristics of 6910 6920 and 6930 series power sensors when used WILE 0970 As loon rele ull 1 7 LIST OF FIGURES Fig del 6970 RF Power ie eae RE 1 2 CONVENTIONS The following conventions apply throughout this manual CAPS Capitals refer to titles marked on the panel CAPS Capitals in square brackets indicate key titles PURPOSE AND FEATURES OF EQUIPMENT The 6970 RF Power Meter is a microcontroller controlled RF power meter which combines the high accuracy and fast intuitive operation of a quality bench power meter with battery powered portability The unit can be used to measure RF and microwave power from 70 dBm 0 1 nW to 44 dBm 25 W over a wide range of frequencies using the IFR 6910 6920 and 6930 series of power sensors 46882 182 1 1 GENERAL INFORMATION rf power meter 6970 CAI 0 z E gt CAL LIN FACTOR FACTOR LOWEI LIMIT ESE K MTI UPPER LIMIT E gt 2 22 a 3 RANGE DUTY OFF UNITS dB REL
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