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VNL,VNM - Heavy Haulers RV Resource Guide

1. Conditions Caution Lamp Stop Lamp Display icon Gauge LED Engine message Protection Note 2 Low Coolant Level low indica On Solid Icon and N A Shutdown In tion for 5 sec Message active Low Coolant Level low indica On Solid Icon and N A Shutdown tion for 30 sec Message Active Low Oil Pressure at an engine On Solid Icon and On Shutdown speed dependant Oil Pressure Message Ac tive Engine Hp Output Derated High Coolant Temperature Icon and On Engine Hp with Coolant Temperature Message Output gt 101 C 214 F Derated 50 reached at 106 C High Coolant Temperature On Solid Icon and On Engine Hp with Coolant Temperature Message Output gt 102 C 216 F Derated 50 reached at 106 C High Oil Temperature with Oil On Solid Icon and N A Shutdown lIn Temperature gt 120 C 250 F Message active High Oil Temperature with Oil On Solid Icon and N A Engine Hp Temperature gt 130 C 266 F Message Output Derated 50 High Oil Temperature with Oil On Solid Icon and N A Shutdown In Temperature gt 135 C 275 F Message active Other Engine Related Fault On Solid On Solid Message on N A N A Codes Request Note 1 Audible Buzzer N A On Solid N A N A N A 1 Message on Request Cluster Diagnostic Mes 2 Engine Protection is not controlled by the instrument sages which are displayed in the Graphic Display Diagnostic Mode Engine related Warnings Caterpillar 3406E and Detroit Di
2. gt PC AB8 lt W3000739 Fig 76 1 Center Module screw locations 66 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Removal 1 Note Individual gauges in the center and left modules of the VN instrument cluster are not serviceable during the warranty period Attempts to remove and replace individual gauges dur ing the warranty period will void the cluster warranty Instead the whole unit should be exchanged ONLY when a trained technician is changing the configuration of a replacement instru ment cluster may the cluster be opened during the warranty period Service Procedures To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which can damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster use a wrist grounding strap and an anti static mat when working on the instrument cluster Failure to do so can result in permanent damage to the cluster Remove cluster from vehicle see Instrument Cluster Replacement page 62 Place cluster on anti static mat The anti static mat must be grounded to the nearest electrical out let When working at your anti static workbench always keep your wrist strap connected to the anti static mat Do not place the cluster on a metal table or any metal surface while ser vicing 67 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Service Procedures 3 Remove the Phillips screws at the top of the left rear cover and the two at the bottom then lift the left rear co
3. Application Air Pressure optional The application air pressure gauge is a mechanical gauge lt is attached to the service brake system by a hose going into a quick disconnect fitting on the rear of the gauge lt reads applied air pressure to the service brake system The air hoses and quick disconnects are color coded to avoid wrong connections W3000608 Fig 29 30 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Front and Rear Brake Air Pressure The air pressure gauges are mechanical gauges They are attached to their air systems by a hose going into a quick disconnect fitting on the rear of the gauge The air hoses and quick disconnects are color coded to avoid wrong connections The front and rear brake air pressure gauges contain mechanical contacts When the air pressure drops below a preset value the contacts close causing a warning buzzer to sound and a red warning LED in the lower right corner of the gauge to light The Master Warning indicator will also light W3000609 Fig 30 Front Brake Air Pressure Gauge Air Suspension Pressure optional The air suspension pressure gauge is a mechanical gauge lt is attached to the air suspension system by a hose going into a quick disconnect fitting on the rear of the gauge lt reads air pressure in the air suspension system The air hoses and quick disconnects are color coded to avoid wrong connections W3002706 Fig 31 Telltale Lamps Right Sec
4. The clock displays the current time in either a 12 hour format 12 00 00 am to 12 59 59 pm or a 24 hour format 00 00 00 to 23 59 59 The choice is made in the Set Up Menu 1 To display the clock a Use the Mode button to select the Multi Function mode b Use the Up or Down button to display the time 2 To change the time display a When the clock time is displayed press the Set button to select the hours digits The hours digits will flash when selected b When the hours digits flash use the Up and Down buttons to set the desired hour c Press the Set button a second time to select the minutes digits The minutes digits will flash when selected d When the minutes digits flash use the Up and Down buttons to set the desired minute e To accept the displayed time and exit the set time function press the Set button a third time 3 To change the time format Use the Clock Mode function of the Set Up Menu Alarm Clock Display The Alarm Clock function determines when the alarm re minder sounds Set the reminder time and enable the alarm by using the Alarm Clock function 1 To display the alarm clock a Use the Mode button to select the Multi Function mode b Use the Up or Down button to display ALARM 2 To change the alarm time a Display the alarm clock b When the alarm time is displayed press the Set button to select the hours digits The hours digits will flash when selected c
5. Troubleshooting mph the speedometer should read between the 55 and 58 mph marks see figure If there is a reading below 55 mph or above 58 mph the gauge is faulty 49 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Odometer From Tachometer _______ _ _ Sender Unit 1 Engine or From Speedometer iTransmission Data Link LX 11 Sender Unit ECU a S LX 1 Troubleshooting W3000720 Fig 59 Speedometer Odometer Tachometer signal flow During normal operation the odometer display remains on for 30 seconds after the ignition is switched off To re activate the display turn on the ignition or press the Mode button In the absence of speedometer data the odometer dis play will not change and the speedometer pointer will remain at zero e If there is a problem with the odometer but the speedometer works replace the cluster if the clus ter is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately e The odometer should be accurate to 0 3 of a known measured distance Do not compare the 50 odometer display to engine odometer data the dis play receives its input from the data link but the engine receives its input directly from the wheel speed sensors Because these sources are differ ent the data received may be different also If the odometer is inaccurate check the engine ECU speed calibration Vehicle ECU in vehicles with Volvo engines See Improper Gauge Function Calibration Che
6. 1 Use the Mode button to display SET UP MENU 2 Press the Down button to scroll to CLOCK MODE 3 Use the Set button to toggle between the 12 and 24 hour formats Contrast Adjust This function adjusts the contrast of the Graphic Display To adjust the display contrast level do the following 1 Use the Mode button to display SET UP MENU 2 Use the Down button to scroll to CONTRAST AD JUST 3 Press the Set button 4 Use the Up and Down buttons to increase or de crease the contrast 5 When the contrast is at the desired level press the Set button If you do not press the Set button here 26 Design and Function the setting won t be saved the setting will remain in effect until the ignition is turned off and will return to its previous setting when the ignition is turned back on 6 Press the Mode button to return to the SET UP MENU display Backlighting Adjust This function allows the odometer and graphic display backlighting brightness to be adjusted independently of the gauge backlighting To adjust the backlighting do the following Note Marker lights must be on to adjust the backlighting 1 Use the Mode button to display SET UP MENU 2 Press the Down button to scroll to BACKLIGHTING ADJUST 3 Press the Set button 4 Use the Up and Down buttons to increase or de crease the backlighting 5 When the backlighting is at the desired level press the Set button If you do not press the Set button
7. For this reason always store clusters and gauges face up Tools and Test Equipment For the procedures described in this chapter you will need the following tools e 725 Torx head driver cluster mounting screws e Telltale lamp removal tool Volvo P N 1608077 e Digital multi meter which can measure down to 5 millivolts Hose connections to the air pressure gauges are quick disconnect and the air hoses to them can be dis connected and reconnected without tools AN DANGER Never disconnect an air system component unless all system pressure has been depleted Failure to de plete system pressure before disconnecting hoses or components may result in them separating violently and causing serious bodily injury 37 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Troubleshooting Notes For All Gauges The gauge pointer can appear to be stuck out of range either in the right or left lower corner This may be caused by loss of power when the gauge pointer is past the halfway mark to the right of center If the gauge pointer is stuck in one of the lower corners do the following Using the instrument cluster s graphic display select Cluster Self Test Mode then select Gauge Test The Gauge Test will drive all the data link gauges coolant temperature oil pressure turbo speedometer tachometer During the test the pointer sweeps across the full range of the gauge and back to the lowest point on the gauge It
8. Hard wired to the Engine ECU Note The Engine Fluids lamp is only used in vehicles with Cummins engines Caution Illuminates to indicate a control system or component malfunction for example throttle position sensor boost pressure sensor The Check Diagnostics message also appears in the graphic display when the Caution lamp comes on For the Volvo D7 D12 engine only it will also illuminate solid during Engine ECU programming Also for the Volvo D7 D12 only the Caution lamp is always on for 3 5 seconds when the key switch is turned to the Ignition position Note This lamp replaces the Check Engine lamp in ear lier model vehicles 14 Design and Function W3000603 Fig 12 Aso EX 3 4 W3000768 Stop Illuminates to alert the driver that an engine problem has been detected by the Engine ECU and that action may be taken by the ECU to protect the engine for example engine oil pressure low coolant level The Check Diag nostics Stop message also appears in the graphic display when the Stop lamp comes on No Charge Illuminates when a problem exists in the charging sys tem A voltage output decrease of 1 2 volts from normal will cause this lamp to illuminate dimly As the voltage output decreases more the illumination goes from dim to bright Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Engine related Warnings Volvo D7C D12B
9. If there is no continuity check the wiring for a short to ground Air filter restriction The air filter restriction display and a buzzer will sound ONLY during the first 10 seconds after igni tion The air filter restriction sensor is a normally open switch closed by approx 25 Hg If this warning appears check the air filter restriction gauge at the air filter assembly to see that it has an approximate reading of 25 Hg If so replace the fil ter and reset the mechanical gauge at the air filter If the gauge is not reset the warning will still appear in the instrument cluster If the warning still appears after these steps check the air filter restriction gauge for continuity between pins A and C If there is continuity between pins A and C replace the air filter restriction gauge If the warning still appears after these steps trou bleshoot the air filter restriction gauge circuit Washer fluid low The washer fluid low warning will be displayed when the washer fluid drops below a predetermined level The washer fluid low warning is a normally open switch located on the washer fluid pump assembly which is closed by a low washer fluid condition The warning activation has a 12 second delay to al low for fluid slosh This warning may be cleared by pressing the Set button on the wiper washer stalk The warning will reappear each time the key is cycled off and on If adding washer fluid does not clear the warning ch
10. When the hours digits flash use the Up and Design and Function Down buttons to set the desired hour d Press the Set button a second time to select the minutes digits The minutes digits will flash when selected e When the minutes digits flash use the Up and Down buttons to set the desired minute f To accept the displayed alarm time and exit the set function press the Set button a third time The alarm will automatically be enabled and the Bell symbol will appear 3 To enable the reminder tone Press and hold the Mode button for 3 seconds The clock display with a bell will appear on screen indicating that the reminder has been set OR Select the Alarm Clock display as previ ously described 4 To disable the reminder tone When the bell symbol is displayed press and hold the Mode button for 3 seconds The clock display will appear without the bell symbol 5 To silence the reminder Press any of the four buttons while the reminder is sounding Trip Odometer Displays Two independent trip odometers are available Trip Odometer 1 and Trip Odometer 2 Each one displays the distance traveled since it was last reset 1 To display a trip odometer a Use the Mode button to select the Multi Function mode b Use the Up and Down buttons to display ei ther TRIP ODOMETER 1 or TRIP ODOMETER 2 2 To reset a trip odometer a Display the trip odometer to be reset 1 or 2 b Press and hold the Set button
11. here the setting won t be saved the setting will remain in effect until the ignition is turned off and will return to its previous setting when the ignition is turned back on 6 Press the Mode button to return to the SET UP MENU display Fuel Economy Target Adjust This function allows a fuel economy target to be set To change the fuel economy target value do the following 1 Use the Mode button to display SET UP MENU 2 Press the Down button to scroll to FUEL ECON OMY TARGET 3 Press the Set button 4 Use the Up and Down buttons to increase or de crease the desired value 5 When the desired value is displayed press the Set button If you do not press the Set button here the setting won t be saved the setting will remain in effect until the ignition is turned off and will return to its previous setting when the ignition is turned back on 6 Press the Mode button to return to the SET UP MENU display Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Gauge Mode The Gauge mode provides additional gauge displays A voltage display is standard Engine oil temperature and transmission oil temperature displays are optional and are enabled by End of Line programming Gauge dis plays contain a symbol and a value such as volts or degrees and text messages when appropriate OIL TEMP TRANS TEMP VOLTAGE 310 F 310 F 11 VOLTS 4 TOO HIGH HIGH TOO LOW 73009133 Fig 21 Gauge displays Note When a condition requiring
12. ment cluster which drives the gauge If the fuel gauge is reading incorrectly it can be tested by activating the Cluster Self Test Mode function of the Diagnostics Menu e If the pointer sweeps back and forth across its full range during the cluster self test the meter and its associated circuitry in the cluster are working Go to step 1 below e If the pointer does not sweep during the cluster self test the most likely cause is a defective Fuel Level gauge or a wiring problem in the harness Go to step 4 e If the pointer does not sweep during the cluster self test AND the pointer falls below the empty mark or constantly stays on the Full mark or constantly stays on the 1 2 mark Go to step 6 1 Make certain the vehicle ignition is OFF 2 If gauge failure is suspected check for mechanical failure of the fuel level sender If the sender is in good physical condition disconnect the connector and measure resistance at the fuel level sender The reading should be between 33 and 240 ohms de pending upon the fuel level in the tank see Table A e f resistance is as shown in Table A reconnect the sender connector and proceed to step 3 e f resistance is not as shown in Table A replace the fuel level sender 54 Troubleshooting W3000873 Table A Resistance Check Fuel Level Expected Reading at sender and LX 2 to LX 12 Empty tank 240 ohms 10 1 4 tank 153 ohms 10 1 2 tank 103
13. place your 2nd and 3rd fingers underneath the face plate at the top edge of the gauge assembly Carefully rock the assembly from top to bottom while applying upward pres sure until the gauge pins are free of the board sockets 3 To remove the Odometer Display as sembly remove the two Phillips screws which secure it to the rear of the speedometer Installation 1 Reinstall the Odometer Display with the two Phillips screws attaching it to the rear of the speedometer To avoid damaging the gauges do not push on the needle when installing the gauge assembly Pushing on the needle can make the gauges inaccurate Reinstall the tach speedo assembly by starting the 5 pin connector into the holes in the Center Module 72 Service Procedures W3002503 Fig 81 When all five pins are inserted into the Center Circuit Board seat the tach speedo gauge pins while guiding the tabs on the sides of the gauges into the notches on the housing The tach speedo assembly is correctly in stalled when it is flush with the rear of the Center Board 4 Reinstall the Center Module see Center Module Replacement page 66 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 3811 03 02 04 Left Gauge Module Replace ment Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrumen
14. the Graphic Display can also be used to help diagnose the cluster and external problems If battery power is lost the Graphic Display will default to the clock display When power is regained the clock will come on flashing and will need to be reset Automatically Activated Warnings Air Filter Washer Fluid Engine Low Pre heat a D Ww datalink EECU datalink ECU Check Diagnostics Check Diagnostics Stop T3009004 Fig 14 Automatically Activated Telltale Warnings Appear ing in the Graphic Display Should a condition requiring attention occur a telltale warning message identifying that condition will override the current display For example if the engine coolant level drops below a predetermined point while the clock is displayed a low coolant display will replace the clock display 16 Design and Function Telltale Warnings Low coolant The low coolant warning display is activated by an input from the low coolant sensor and will stay on until the problem is corrected Note that engine shutdown mode may be engaged by a low coolant condition this is an engine depen dent parameter The low coolant sensor is a normally open switch and is closed by a low coolant level To clear the low coolant display check for proper coolant level If adding coolant does not correct the problem check the coolant sensor for continuity between pins A and B If continuity exists replace the faulty sensor
15. Airbag Warning 720 12V Will turn on also if in put circuit is open 25 Master Warning IPJ8 Ground Jumper from Right Module Pins not listed are not used All resistance measurements must be made with power removed from the circuit 35 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM RX Connector Fig 35 W3000847 Design and Function Right Module RX Connector 774 A Wabco Pin Description Circuit No Input 1 Illumination 141 G 0 12 V 2 Ground 0X 2 Ground 3 Rear Axle Temperature Front 468 Variable resistance Note 1 4 Fuel Level Jumper from LX 3 Left Module IPJ5 Pulse width modu lated signal 7 Master Warning output Jumper to Center Module IPJ8 Ground 11 Power Ground OP 4 Ground 12 5V Jumper from LY 15 Left Module IPJ3 5 V 13 Rear Axle Temperature Rear 469 Variable resistance Note 1 14 Ignition 180 12V 15 Return to Zero Jumper from LY 16 Left Module IPJ4 Ground 18 Bulb Test Input Jumper from Center Module IPJ6 12V during bulb test 19 Bulb Test Input Jumper from Center Module IPJ7 Ge during bulb es 21 Traction Control System 774 B Bendix Ground Pins not listed are not used Note 1 Axle temperature measurements must be made with the RX connector disconnected All resistance measurements must be made with power removed from the circuit 36 Group 38 Instrumentation
16. Compressor status solenoid valve 78 Interval wiper status relay 79 Area inhibitor status solenoid valve 86 Engine brake torque percent 109 EPG3 drive stage failure 121 MTE Engine compressor control output failure 122 VCB Engine compression brake 123 EPG2 Start and Warmhold 124 EPG1 Engine brake 125 EOL Enable failure 195 Proprietary Diagnostic Data Request Clear Count 196 Proprietary Diagnostic Data Count Clear Response Common SID s Subsystem Description ID s 242 CC resume switch 243 CC set switch 244 CC enable switch 245 Clutch pedal switch 246 Brake pedal switch 1 247 Brake pedal switch 2 251 Power supply 22 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Engine SID s Subsystem Description ID s 1 Injector 1 2 Injector 2 3 Injector 3 4 Injector 4 5 Injector 5 6 Injector 6 21 Engine position sensor 22 Timing sensor 25 Ext Engine protection sig PSID s Proprietary Subsys Description tem ID s PSID 1 Retarder Brake Control Set Switch PSID 2 Idle Validation Switch 2 PSID 3 Idle Validation Switch 3 PSID 4 Retarder Brake Control Switch Brake SID s Subsystem ID s Description 1 ABS Snsr axle 1 L 2 ABS Snsr axle 1 R 3 ABS Snsr axle 2 L 4 ABS Snsr axle 2 R 5 ABS Snsr axle 3 L 6 ABS Snsr axle 3 R 7 ABS valve axle 1 L 8 ABS valve axle 1 R 9 ABS valve axle 2 L 10 ABS
17. Mirror Defroster Indicator 7 SRS Airbag Indicator 14 Right Turn Indicator Note that all gauges and telltales may not be used in all vehicles Master Warning telltale A red Master Warning telltale consisting of an exclama tion point inside a triangle is located near the bottom and midway between the tachometer and the speedome ter It lights when the front or rear brake air pressure is too low for safe operation below 496 kPa 72 psi W3000638 Fig 26 29 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Right Section Forward and Rear Drive Axle Temperature optional The forward and rear axle temperature gauges are elec trical aircore meter movements They are connected to temperature sender units mounted on the axle housings The higher the temperature the lower the resistance of the sender unit and the farther the gauge pointer moves to the right T3009009 Fig 27 Forward Axle Temperature Gauge Fuel Level The fuel level gauge is an electrical aircore meter move ment that receives its signal from a sensor in the fuel tank The fuel level sensor signal is input to the cluster micro processor through the left module connector In the microprocessor the signal is changed from a resistance to a pulse width modulated signal It is then sent to the right module via a jumper IPJ5 As the duty cycle of the signal increases the level shown on the gauge in creases W3001307 Fig 28
18. Module IPJ5 Pulse width modu lated signal 5V 5 Mode button 6 Down button 7 Set button 9 Battery OX 1 Ground 10 Battery 202 12 V 11 Data Link 41587 401 mV reading 12 Power Ground OP 1 Ground 16 Up button 20 Illumination 141 J 0 12 V 21 Switch buttons reference 22 Ignition 180 12 V Pins not listed are not used Note All resistance measurements must be made with power removed from the circuit 33 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Left Module LY Connector Pin Description Circuit No Input 1 Air Filter Restriction Gauge 199 Ground when acti vated 3 Bulb Test Output Jumper to Center Module IPJ1 12V during bulb test 4 Bulb Test Output Jumper to Center Module IPJ2 Ground during bulb test 5 No Charge Warning Lamp 14 Ground Note 1 6 Stop Engine Warning Lamp Caterpillar Cummins 575 Ground and Detroit Diesel engines only Volvo is not hard wired 10 Caution Lamp 576 Ground Note 2 11 Engine Fluids Warning Lamp Volvo and Cummins 577 Ground engines only 13 Pyrometer 190 Ground 15 5V Output Reference Jumper to Right Module IPJ3 5V 16 Return to Zero Jumper to Right Module IPJ4 Ground 19 End Of Line Programming Enable 403A Ground used only when programming 23 Washer Fluid Level 387A Ground when acti vated 28 Transmission Oil Temperature 314 Sensor Input 30 Pyrometer 191 0 1
19. Oil PSI Sender I Sensors in ri Gel Tandem Axle Right Circuit Board 30 Ki 50 Speedometer 70 E 804 Applic Air PSI gt Front Rear Brake Brake Air PSI Air PSI From External Air System Telltale Indicators Inputs from switches and sensors I gt gt mmm NS NS L gt Operator Coolant Module HZ Coolant Level Cat Cummins Detriot Diesel Lf Non Electronic Trans Vehicle Speed Sensor Speedometer Coolant Temp Oil Temp Turbo Boost Senders Engine Speed Sensor Engine dependent Drives Tachometer W3002520 Fig 8 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Gauges and Indicators Left Section Pyrometer optional The pyrometer indicates exhaust temperature from a sensor in the exhaust system The pyrometer gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement driven by a small electric current from a high temperature thermocouple If the pyrometer thermocouple fails the pointer will move to one end of the dial or the other A reading of 149 C 300 F or less indicates an open in the truck s wiring or thermocouple and a reading of 815 C 1500 F or more indicates a short Engine Coolant Temperature The coolant temperature gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement which receives its signal from the en gine via the SAE J1587 data bus In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay Re
20. Testing the Telltale Bulbs Test the telltale bulbs by using the Bulb Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics menu 4 When probing connector terminals do not insert probes into the terminals This will spread the ter minals apart causing permanent damage Probe the insertion side of the connector If none of the telltale bulbs light during the Bulb Test function check for 12 volts between LY 3 and LY 4 during the Bulb Test function If missing replace the cluster 40 2 If the suspect bulb lights during the self test the problem is not in the cluster Check the signal source for individual telltale bulbs 3 If the suspect bulb fails but other bulbs light during the self test replace the suspect bulb 4 If none of the bulbs in the center section light during the Bulb Test function check for 12 volts between CY 5 and CY 6 or between CY 19 and CY 20 If missing there is an open wire in the wiring har ness 5 If none of the bulbs in the right section light during the Bulb Test function check for 12 volts between RX 18 and RX 19 If missing there is an open wire in the wiring harness For more information refer to the VNL VNM Electrical Schematics Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Troubleshooting Pyrometer Gauge 2 e When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the f
21. VNL VNM Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Instrumentation Troubleshooting Before starting a procedure see General Work Prac tices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage General Service Information Many of the components can be tested without disturb ing the cluster by using the Cluster Self Test Mode function in the Graphic Display s Diagnostics Menu This includes all telltale lamps the speedometer tachometer oil pressure gauge coolant temperature gauge and Graphic Display unit The pivot down mounting feature of the cluster allows troubleshooting of input signals without removing the cluster from the vehicle Note Individual gauges in the center and left modules of the VN instrument cluster are not serviceable during the warranty period Attempts to service or replace indi vidual gauges during the warranty period will void the cluster warranty Instead the whole unit may be exchanged ONLY when a trained technician is changing the configu ration of a replacement instrument cluster may the left side of the cluster be opened during the warranty period Storing the Cluster When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the front of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate
22. attention occurs the symbol identifying that condition will automatically re place the current gauge display To choose a gauge display 1 Press the Mode button until a gauge display ap pears 2 Use the Up and Down buttons to display the desired gauge e Voltmeter This standard gauge display moni tors the battery voltage If the voltage goes below 11 8 volts TOO LOW will be displayed e Engine Oil Temperature The range of this optional gauge display is 32 155 C 90 310 F If the temperature exceeds the trip point TOO HIGH will be displayed and the yellow Caution telltale will light e Transmission Oil Temperature This optional gauge display monitors the transmission oil temperature lts range is 32 155 C 90 310 F If the temperature exceeds the trip point HIGH will be displayed and the yellow Caution telltale will light Preset Trip Points for Graphic Display Gauges Each of the gauges in the Graphic Display has a preset trip point A trip point represents a critical condition when reached The Engine Oil Temperature gauge display may have a trip point of 270 F for example Should a trip point be reached the Graphic Display will automatically replace the current gauge display or any other display for that matter with a symbol or message identifying the critical condition Trip points for clusters to be used with Volvo engines are preset at the factory during End of Line programming When the clus
23. faces and make the gauges inaccurate Adjust the steering column back where possible Remove the two screws at the top of the instrument cluster and lay the cluster face down on the steer ing column so that the bulbs are accessible Service Procedures W3000642 Fig 71 N CAUTION Use only the Volvo bulb removal tool P N 1089953 to remove bulbs or damage to the cluster may occur Insert removal tool P N 1089953 onto the bulb assembly Rotate 1 4 turn and pull the bulb assembly out of the socket Installation 1 Insert the new bulb assembly into the removal tool P N 1089953 Insert the assembly into cluster socket and ro tate 1 4 turn 1089953 2 Replace the instrument cluster in the 2 0 3 Nm dash and tighten the 2 screws at the 17 5 2 5 in top of the cluster Torque to 2 0 3 Nm Ib 17 5 2 5 in lb 61 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 3811 03 02 01 Instrument Cluster Replace ment Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage Additional Information e Warranty Notice page 60 Information about in strument clusters still under warranty Removal 1 Make certain the vehicle ignition is OFF before beginning this procedure W3000842 When servicing or troubleshooting do not leav
24. for 1 second Hourmeter Display The hourmeter accumulates and displays the total time the engine has been running It is not resettable by the driver To display the hourmeter 1 Use the Mode button to select the Multi Function mode 2 Use the Down button to scroll to HOURMETER Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Diagnostics Mode The Diagnostics mode provides two functions e Diagnostic Messages Reports the status of vari ous vehicle sub systems e Cluster Self Test Mode Contains several tests to check the cluster Diagnostic Messages D Sender Units D D Sender Units vv vv Vehicle ECU MIDs SIDS wm PIDs FMIs 41587 Data Link Cluster Microprocessor Graphic Display 13009132 Fig 18 Diagnostic message path The vehicle contains one or more Electronic Control Units ECU s Each ECU monitors or controls a particu lar vehicle sub system For example an Engine ECU monitors engine conditions an Anti lock Brake System ECU monitors ABS conditions and so on The ECU s are connected to each other and to the clus ter by a pair of wires known as the SAE J1708 1587 data link The ECU s communicate with each other by sending and receiving messages in a format specified by SAE J1587 Note SAE J1587 is an industry standard which defines the format of electronic signals and information transmit ted between truck and bus electronic components SAE J1708 defines the hardware and basi
25. for tire sizes and other driveline changes is done during programming of the engine ECU vehicle ECU or trans mission ECU The Odometer is a Liquid Crystal Display LCD mounted behind the speedometer dial It has a full scale reading of 999999 9 Odometer information is calculated from road speed via the J1587 data link and is stored in the cluster s microprocessor The odometer backlighting can be adjusted independently of gauge backlighting During normal operation the odometer display goes blank 30 seconds after the ignition is switched off To re activate the display turn the ignition on or the odometer display can be reactivated by pressing any of the buttons In the absence of speedometer data the odometer dis play will not change and the speedometer pointer will remain at zero 28 Design and Function T3009008 Fig 23 lt x 50 7 N 80 eo op mm 60 20 0 W3000844 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Telltale Lamps Center Section Ge met 20 4 0 49 01 08 GD 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 W3002562 Design and Function Fig 25 1 Left Turn Indicator 8 Parking Brake Indicator 2 bih Wheel Lock Indicator 9 Anti Lock Brake System Tractor Indicator 3 Wheel Differential Lock Indicator 10 Anti Lock Brake System Trailer Indicator 4 Interaxle Differential Lock Indicator 11 Air Suspension System Indicator 5 High Beam Indicator 12 Bogie Lift Indicator 6 Safety Belt Indicator 13
26. ohms 10 3 4 tank 67 ohms 10 Full tank 33 ohms 10 When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the front of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate AN CAUTION When probing connector terminals do not insert probes into the terminals This will spread the ter minals apart causing permanent damage Probe the insertion side of the connector Gain access to the back of the instrument cluster Disconnect connector LX and use an ohmmeter to measure the resistance between pins 2 and 12 on the harness connector insertion side The reading should be between 33 and 240 ohms depending upon the fuel level in the tank see Table A for val ues e f resistance is as shown in Table A go to step 4 e f resistance is not as shown in Table A check the connectors and wiring from the LX connec tor to the fuel level sender Refer to the VNL Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Troubleshooting VNM Electrical Schematics for wiring informa tion 55 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 4 56 Turn the ignition ON and use a voltmeter to mea sure the voltage between pins 2 and 4 on the RX connector Measurements should be as follows Table B Voltage Check Fuel Level Expected Reading RX 2 to RX 4 and RX 2 to LX 3 Empty tank 0 19 volts 10 1 4 tank 1 1 volts 10 1 2
27. re place the lamp socket assembly as described in Service Procedures in this manual If the problem persists replace the cluster NIZ gt secu Ground Backlights Center Circuit Board RX 1 Ni y _ A pex Ground Backlights Right Circuit Board W3000716 Fig 39 Cluster backlighting signal flow Odometer and Graphic Display Backlighting Odometer and Graphic Display backlighting is indepen dent of the rest of the cluster Test the odometer and Graphic Display backlighting as follows 1 Use the Backlighting Adjust function in the Set Up Menu to set the odometer and Graphic Display backlighting to maximum brightness 2 If neither the Graphic Display nor the odometer backlighting work or if the backlighting will not dim replace the cluster 39 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Buzzer Problems The buzzer can be tested by performing the Buzzer Test in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics Menu Troubleshooting The buzzer is not serviceable If it fails to sound replace the cluster Buzzer Signal Turn signal beep momentary beep Clock reminder double beep every other second Warning signal two beeps every second Telltale Indicators 12 volts during Bulb Test 12 return during Bulb Test not a ground W3000986 Fig 40 Telltale bulb signal flow Telltale indicators are lighted by bulbs positioned across the bottom of the instrument cluster
28. sensor for opens or shorts according to the engine manufacturer s service literature Also re fer to the VNL VNM Electrical Schematics for wiring information 3 If the pointer fails to sweep and a sensor problem has been ruled out replace the cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately 42 Inaccurate Gauge Reading Using the Pro link check accuracy as follows Starting with a signal value of 60 psi use the down arrow key to decrease to 30 psi The gauge should read between 25 and 35 see figure If there is a reading outside the 25 and 35 markings the gauge is faulty Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the measurement And ALWAYS be di rectly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading W3001055 Fig 43 Acceptable range for input value of 30 psi Oil Pressure Gauge Reads too Low and there are NO sensor faults If the cluster does NOT have a Turbo PSI gauge it is likely the OIL PSI gauge is configured to read Turbo pressure data In this condition the OIL PSI gauge will act like a Turbo gauge This is a configuration error Solution The Pro Link with the Volvo Card see Tools section can be used t
29. strap in a vehicle attach the alligator clip to the nearest electrical ground such as a metal mounting screw a ground terminal or preferably a ground stud To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which may damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster make sure the workbench has an anti static mat which is grounded to the nearest elec trical outlet when working on the instrument cluster Failure to use an anti static mat may result in perma nent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster When working at the anti static workbench always keep a wrist strap connected to the anti static mat When dealing with circuits designed to sense differences smaller than 1 volt electrostatic discharge can be a sub tle but destructive problem Circuit boards mounted in the instrument cluster or in modules mounted elsewhere may not fail immediately after being hit with a static dis charge Rather they may work for a while then fail for no apparent reason The culprit then is often the normal warming up and cooling down process of the module engine or cab interior Grounding straps and anti static mats are available for minimal cost from electronic supply stores Grounding straps consist of a wrist strap a coiled extension wire and an alligator clip Be sure to purchase one with a long enough extension wire to allow freedom of movement Anti static wrist straps and mats are available from
30. the instrument cluster Work in a clean environment Do not place the cluster on a metal table or any metal surface while servicing Failure to do the above can result in permanent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster Odometer Programming After Replacing the Cluster The odometer and hourmeter values are stored in the cluster Whenever a new cluster is installed these val ues must be updated to reflect the mileage and engine hours of the vehicle in which the cluster is installed This is done using the Pro link 9000 tool with the Volvo card To reset either of these readings follow the Pro link menus to the Reprogram EEPROM menu then select either the Odometer or Hourmeter Total Change to the appropriate total 60 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Bulb Replacement Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage Additional Information e Warranty Notice page 60 Information about in strument clusters still under warranty Removal 1 Make certain the vehicle ignition is OFF before beginning this procedure W3000842 When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the front of the gauge
31. 00 mV Pins not listed are not used All resistance measurements must be made with power removed from the circuit Note 1 The No Charge Warning Lamp will begin to illu minate dimly when the engine is running and the input on this pin drops below 12 V It will illuminate fully when it drops below 8 V 34 Note 2 The Caution lamp illuminates when engine RPM is above 500 and there is a fault in the graphic display for Engine Oil Temperature Transmission Oil Tempera ture or Voltage The Caution lamp will also illuminate if other Engine ECU fault codes instruct the lamp to illumi nate Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function CY Connector Center Module CY Connector ERE d BEE ee Pin Description Circuit Input 00000000 00000000 No 1 ABS Truck 779 Ground 3 Park Brake 420 Ground 4 Heated Mirror 702 12V 5 Bulb Test Jumper IPJ1 from LY 3 6 Bulb Test Jumper IPJ2 from LY 4 8 High Beam 33 12V 9 Right Turn Indicator 113 12V 10 Interaxle Differential 422 12V Lock 11 Power Ground OP 3 Ground 12 Interwheel Differential 426 Ground Lock 13 Fifth Wheel Lock 424 Ground W3000765 Fig 34 14 Left Turn Indicator 112 12V 15 Air Suspension Pres 431 Ground sure 18 Backlighting 141 H 0 12V 19 Bulb Test Jumper to IPJ6 Right Module 20 Bulb Test Jumper to IPJ7 Right Module 22 Ignition 180 1 24 SRS
32. 000 ohms 10 430 ohms 10 110 ohms 10 3 If the resistance readings are correct reconnect the connectors and turn the key on There should be battery voltage between connector RX pins 11 and 14 If not and the rest of the cluster works the wire from RX 14 is probably open 4 Ifthe readings are off more than 10 the sender unit should be checked The sender is mounted on the axle Refer to the VNL VNM Electrical Schemat ics for wiring information Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Air Pressure Gauges 3 LED Switch Contacts Quick Disconnect Ring LED Connector W3000836 Fig 64 Note The LED connector wires are not polarity sensitive Inaccurate or erratic gauge readings are usually caused by dirt or other contamination in the gauge The gauges and their warning LEDs can be tested as shown AN DANGER Never disconnect an air system component unless all system pressure has been depleted Failure to de plete system pressure before disconnecting hoses or components may result in them separating violently and causing serious bodily injury Air Gauge Test 4 1 Drain the air pressure from both air systems 2 5 6 4 W3000842 Remove the two screws at the top of the instrument cluster and lay the cluster face down on the steering 2 column Troubleshooting W3000834 Fig 65 1 Rear Brake Pressure Air Line Red 2 Front Brake Pressure Air Line Gr
33. 12 or 24 hour mode Turbo Gauge enable or disable Voltmeter enable or disable Eng Oil Temp enable or disable Trans Temp enable or disable Fuel Econ enable or disable Hourmeter This allows the hourmeter total to be changed It is used when installing a new instrument cluster into a vehicle which already has miles on the en gine Odometer This allows the odometer total to be changed It is used when installing a new instrument cluster into a vehicle which already has miles on it Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Service Procedures Service Procedures 59 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Service Procedures Warranty Notice Housing and Front Panel Note Individual gauges in the center and left modules of Glass Cleaning the VN instrument cluster are not serviceable during the warranty period Attempts to service or replace indi vidual gauges during the warranty period will void the cluster warranty Instead the whole unit may be exchanged ONLY when a trained technician is changing the configu ration of a replacement instrument cluster may the left side of the cluster be opened during the warranty period To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which can damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster do the following To clean the housing and front panel glass use a soft non abrasive cloth and a mild soap and water solution Use a wrist grounding strap and an anti static mat when working on
34. Kent Moore see Call 1 800 328 6657 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Basic Description Li yilay a Sie s n 28 ed 0 Saga Dud 609 de D v i O Au EN 80 AN e feam AA GE ma KE Tara a 1 17 w E y T oy a 3 z 5 3 wt T3009000 Fig 1 This information describes the 1996B AMETEK Dixson Instrument Cluster for VN Se ries vehicles and how to service it This instrument cluster went into production in January 1998 It is distinguished from the earlier VN instrument cluster by the location of the Mode Set and Up Down buttons on the stalk arm The earlier model had these buttons on the face of the cluster For information about the vehicle s Electronic Control Units wiring diagrams sensors and other components please refer to the service in formation or electrical schematic for that component The cluster is available in 7 configurations with either an mph or km h speedometer The instrument cluster is divided into the following sections e Left Section Contains a Coolant Temperature and an Oil Pressure gauge and optionally a Pyrometer and a Turbo Boost gauge A Graphic Display module at the bottom provides additional information about the vehicle Also contains four telltale indicators Engine Fluids Caution Stop and No Charge e Center Section Contains a tachometer speedometer and odometer Also con tains a buzzer fourteen tell
35. ND does not move during the cluster self test there is no signal on the 5V input to the cluster Check LY 15 and RX 12 for an open circuit W3002494 Fig 68 c If the pointer stays at the 1 2 mark AND the pointer does not move during the cluster self test there is no signal on the fuel level in put Check RX 4 for an open circuit W3002495 Fig 69 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Gauges Troubleshooting with Pro Link Troubleshooting Special Tests Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage The following tests require the Pro Link 9000 and the Volvo card Low Eng Oil Prs Lamp Hi Cool Temp Lamp Caution Lamp Icon Stop Eng Lamp Icon Low Cool Level Warn Hi Eng Oil Temp Warn Eng Oil Temp Gauge Preheat Status Icon Speedometer Tachometer Cool Temp Gauge Eng Oil Prs Gauge Turbo Boost Gauge This test activates the low engine oil pressure warning lamp This test activates the high coolant temperature warning lamp and the display icon This test activates the caution diagnostic telltale lamp and the associated display icon This test activates the stop engine telltale lamp and the associated display icon This test activates the low coolant level display warning This test activates the high engin
36. Odometer Replacement 71 Left Gauge Module Replacement eee eesseceseeeeeeeeseeseneeesenerseners 73 Feedback Operation Numbers Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM General General General Work Practices When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil may run out of the front of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate Welding on trucks can damage the vehicle electrical system components from the voltage and current spikes that normally occur when welding It is prefer able to avoid welding on an assembled truck but if welding must be done on any structure on or in contact with the vehicle disconnect the electrical con nectors at the rear of the instrument cluster all ECU s and the battery cables When disconnecting the bat tery cables disconnect any other ground cables connected to the battery first then the main battery ground Attach the welder ground cable as close to the weld as possible Preventing electrostatic discharge ESD To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which may damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster a wrist grounding strap must be used when working on electronic equipment such as the instrument cluster Failure to use a wrist strap may result in permanent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster To use the wrist
37. Oil Pressure gauge signal flow In the absence of an engine oil pressure data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay If the pointers on all the gauges on the J1587 data bus move to the minimum reading there is a problem in the data link circuit Troubleshoot the 400 401 wiring and connectors Intermittent Function e If this and other gauges on the J1587 data link ap pear to twitch or function intermittently check the 400 401 circuit for a loose connection e f this gauge only appears to function intermittently the data link could be overloaded with data from ECUs in the vehicle system In this case check the data link using the MPSI Pro Link Snapshot function Improper Gauge Function If the gauge does not appear to function correctly test it using the Gauge Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics Menu as follows Also see Oil Pressure Gauge Not Functioning page 43 and Oil Pressure Gauge Reads too Low page 42 1 If the gauge pointer sweeps back and forth across the full range the meter movement and its associ ated circuitry in the cluster are working Use the Diagnostic Messages function of the Diagnostics Menu to check for oil pressure related messages Use the service tool for the engine in your vehicle to compare any diagnostic messages shown in the in strument cluster 2 If a sensor problem is indicated check the wiring from the
38. ST PRESSURE Line 2 GDATA ERRATIC Parameter or A Subsystem Identifier ACTIVE COUNT 20 PID PPID SID PSID Message from Cluster Line 3 P MID 128 Fault Mode Indicator A PID 102 S FMI 2 N COUNT 3 Actual received data from J1587 data link Design and Function Pressing SET E toggles between these two displays Z for each message Pressing DOWN scrolls to next message W3002707 Fig 19 Example of a diagnostic message in the Graphic Display Graphic Display Messages MID s Message ID s or Description sources 128 Engine 232 SRS Airbag 136 ABS 140 Instrument 144 Cab Controller 130 Transmission PID s Parameter ID s Description 84 Road speed 91 Throttle pedal 100 Engine oil pressure 102 Boost pressure 105 Air inlet temperature 110 Engine coolant temp 111 Coolant level 175 Engine oil temperature 190 Engine speed 21 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function PPID s Proprietary Parameter Description ID s 69 Buffered idle switch 70 Pedal switches supply 71 Cruise control and retarder supply switch 72 Accelerator pedal and retarder supply sensors 73 Accelerator control 2 and primary tank supply sensors 75 Range inhibitor status solenoid valve 76 Brake lamps status relay 77
39. Service Manual Trucks Group 38 Instrumentation 1996B VNL VNM from 1 98 PV776 TSP106805 1 WOIVO Foreword The descriptions and service procedures contained in this manual are based on de signs and methods studies carried out up to February 1998 The products are under continuous development Vehicles and components produced after the above date may therefore have different specifications and repair methods When this is believed to have a significant bearing on this manual supplementary ser vice bulletins will be issued to cover the changes The new edition of this manual will update the changes In service procedures where the title incorporates an operation number this is a refer ence to an V S T Volvo Standard Times Service procedures which do not include an operation number in the title are for gen eral information and no reference is made to an V S T The following levels of observations cautions and warnings are used in this Service Documentation Note Indicates a procedure practice or condition that must be followed in order to have the vehicle or component function in the manner intended Caution Indicates an unsafe practice where damage to the product could occur Warning Indicates an unsafe practice where personal injury or severe damage to the product could occur Danger Indicates an unsafe practice where serious personal injury or death could oc cur Volvo Trucks North America In
40. The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the mea surement And ALWAYS be directly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading W3001161 Fig 49 2 Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 210 and coming down to 210 With these input values the gauge should read 5 of the 210 mark If the readings are NOT between 205 and 215 the gauge is faulty Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Troubleshooting W3002016 Fig 50 45 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Turbo Boost Pressure Gauge From Turbo Boost 1 Pressure Sender Unit ECU D 1 i LX 1 i J1587 gt ata Link LX 11 Troubleshooting Turbo Boost Pressure Gauge W3000723 Fig 51 Turbo Boost Pressure gauge signal flow The Turbo Boost Pressure gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement which receives its signal from the en gine via the J1587 data bus In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum read ing after a 3 5 second delay If Turbo Boost Pressure data is missing during normal operating conditions the Turbo Boost Pressure gauge pointer will move to the low end of the scale zero pressure If the pointers on all the gauges on the J1587 data bus move
41. c Greensboro NC USA Order number PV776 TSP106805 1 1998 Volvo Trucks North America Inc Greensboro NC USA All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any forms by any means electronic me chanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Volvo Trucks North America Inc USA06444 Contents CONTA aan bangun agan nan anaa batin pana apana anaa akan pap ta natane a aa pana nin 3 General Work PRECIOS nidos 3 Basto e E 4 TOONS AA 9 A ag a N 9 special EGUMEN aran rd 10 DESIGN and FUNCION acid car aaa aa aa aa A aa A gan a aa an aa 11 msirumeni eet 11 Instrument Cluster Functional Diagram eeeeeeesseeeseeesneeeseeeeeners 11 Gauges and Wl ea 13 PUSS EEN airis 33 IT ie naar 37 instrumentation TOUDISSASSANNG sasana ANAA NA Aa a ANG AN NA Nan NGNE 37 General Service ONANG sisiane ma aoe a i eee 37 APCS el EEN 38 Gauges TRUDISSHOON AD rca 39 Gauges Troubleshooting with Pro Link seeeseenenenenenenenenenenee 57 Service Procedures iia in 59 Waranty QUES A 60 Odometer Programming aca 60 Housing and Front Panel Glass Cleaning ooooococonccnonccnnnenanacnrnonons 60 SUI REDIASSMENE ni a 61 Instrument Cluster Replacement oococconnccccconoccconononcnonnncncnnnnncnnnnnncnnnns 62 Ridhi Module Replacement saus iris ak apak a KANE 63 Center Module Replacement css 66 Tachometer Speedometer and
42. c protocol data formatting requirements for the truck and bus electronic communications system The cluster can display active and inactive fault codes in the Graphic Display The message path from the J1587 data link to the Graphic Display is shown in the figure Each diagnostic message consists of a e Message Identifier MID code e Sub system Identifier SID or Proprietary Sub system Identifier PSID or Parameter Identifier PID or Proprietary Parameter Identifier PPID code e Fault Mode Indicator FMI code An FMI describes the type of failure detected in the sub system identified by the PID PPID or SID PSID MID 20 Design and Function PID SID and FMI codes are standardized and are listed in the SAE J1708 1587 Specification PPID and PSID are unique for Volvo and are listed in the following sec tion The following section also includes a list of MID PID SID and FMI codes which may be displayed as text messages The figure on Fig 19 Example of a diagnostic message in the Graphic Display page 21 is an example of a mes sage indicating that a problem with the engine boost pressure has been detected In this example the fault still exists and has occurred 3 times To see Diagnostic Messages 1 Turn on the ignition The engine may be started Di agnostic messages from all J1708 1587 supported vehicle systems are accessible 2 Use the Mode button to display DIAGNOSTICS MENU 3 Use the Up and Down b
43. cautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage Additional Information e Warranty Notice page 60 Information about in strument clusters still under warranty Removal 1 To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which can damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster use a wrist grounding strap and an anti static mat when working on the instrument cluster Failure to do so can result in permanent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster Do not place the cluster on a metal table or any metal surface while servicing Remove cluster from vehicle see Instrument Cluster Replacement page 62 Place cluster on anti static mat The anti static mat must be grounded to the nearest electrical out let When working at the anti static workbench always keep a wrist strap connected to the anti static mat Service Procedures W3000835 Fig 73 1 Gauge mounting screws do not remove at this time 2 Top cover screw location 3 Bottom cover screw location Right printed circuit board PCB with cover re moved Remove the Phillips screw at the top of the right rear cover and the two at the bottom then lift off the cover Note Do not remove any of the three Phillips screws in the board at this time They secure the air pressure gauges to the b
44. ck page 48 If correct the odome ter is faulty Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Tachometer From Tachometer Sender Unit LX 1 l Engine or REESEN From Speedometer Transmission pata Link LX 11 Sender Unit 1 ECU es Troubleshooting W3000720 Fig 60 Speedometer Odometer Tachometer signal flow In the absence of data link information the tachometer gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay If the pointers on all the gauges on the J1587 data bus move to the minimum reading there is a problem in the data link circuit Troubleshoot the 400 401 wiring and connectors Intermittent Function e If this and other gauges on the J1587 data link ap pear to twitch or function intermittently check the 400 401 circuit for a loose connection e f this gauge only appears to function intermittently the data link could be overloaded with data from ECUs in the vehicle system In this case check the data link using the Pro Link Snapshot function Improper Gauge Function Test the tachometer by using the Gauge Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode function of the Diagnostics Menu Use the service tool for the engine in your vehicle to compare any diagnostic messages shown in the in strument cluster If a sensor problem is indicated check the wiring from the sensor for opens or shorts according to the engine manufacturer s service literature Also refer to the VNL VNM Ele
45. ctrical Schematics for wiring infor mation If the tachometer pointer sweeps back and forth across its full range its meter movement and associated cir cuitry within the cluster are working If the gauge pointer does not move during the self test and a sensor problem has been ruled out replace the cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately Inaccurate Gauge Reading 1 Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 1000 rpm With this input the tachometer should read between 925 and 1075 rpm see figure If readings outside 925 and 1075 rpm are received the gauge is faulty Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the mea surement And ALWAYS be directly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading W3001163 Fig 61 Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 2000 rpm With this input the tachometer should read between 1925 and 2075 rpm see figure If readings outside 1925 and 2075 rpm are received the gauge is faulty 111 N s 10 RPMxI00 W3002015 Fig 62 51 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Axle Temperature Gauges For ward and Rea
46. d Warning LED illuminates when coolant temperature is too high for safe operation The temperature which ac tivates this LED is engine dependent Turbo Boost Pressure optional The turbo boost pressure gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement driven by a signal from the J1587 data link In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second de lay Design and Function T3009003 Fig 9 ISO A 1 Tag Ro W3001304 Fig 10 73009294 Fig 11 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Engine Oil Pressure The engine oil pressure gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement that receives its signal from a sender unit mounted on the engine The sender unit supplies data to the Engine ECU which sends engine oil pressure information to the instrument cluster via the J1587 data link In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay Note Engine oil operating pressure is engine dependent A Red Warning LED illuminates when engine oil pres sure is too low for safe operation The pressure which activates this LED is engine dependent Telltale Lamps Left Section ENGINE FLUIDS AN caution Fig 13 1 Engine Fluids lamp 2 Caution lamp 3 Stop lamp 4 No Charge lamp Engine Fluids Illuminates when engine oil pressure or coolant level is too low or when engine coolant temperature is too high
47. dark to light 2 times LJICLIC JC W3000719 Fig 38 Check for missing pixels and for pixels that are always dark If defective replace the cluster Cluster Backlighting The cluster backlighting receives power from a dimmer control located on the vehicle dash The backlighting is brightest when the control provides 12 volts and grows dimmer as the voltage drops toward zero The cluster NI 0 12 volts from Dimmer Backlights Left Circuit Board Ground Troubleshooting backlighting is independent of the odometer and Graphic Display backlighting Testing the Cluster Backlighting To test the cluster backlighting turn the dash lights on and adjust the dimmer control for maximum brightness 1 If none of the backlights light check for 12 volts at the output of the dimmer control on the vehicle dash a H present replace the cluster b If not present there could be a short in the cluster One at a time unplug each cluster con nector and recheck for 12 volts If present replace the cluster if not check the input to the dimmer control and the fuse 2 If only the right center or left section of the cluster has no backlighting check the input pin for 12 volts Left Section pin LX 20 Center Section pin CY 18 Right Section pin RX 1 a If present replace the cluster b If not present check the input to the dimmer control and the fuse 3 If only one bulb of a particular board is affected
48. disabled CANNOT EXECUTE TEST GAUGE NOT AVAILABLE Troubleshooting If the Turbo gauge is disabled the Engine Oil PSI signal is being displayed in the Turbo gauge Use the Reprogram EEPROM function to enable the Turbo gauge When the Turbo gauge is enabled the Oil PSI signal moves to the Oil PSI gauge location above the Turbo gauge where it belongs W3002013 Fig 54 Turbo gauge reads too high and oil pressure gauge shows no reading 47 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Speedometer From Tachometer _______ _ _ Sender Unit KA 1 Engine or a From Speedometer Transmission Data Link Sender Unit ECU Lala Enk ES Troubleshooting W3000720 Fig 55 Speedometer Odometer Tachometer signal flow The speedometer gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement which receives its signal from the engine via the J1587 data bus In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay If the pointers on all the gauges on the J1587 data bus move to the minimum reading there is a problem in the data link circuit Troubleshoot the 400 401 wiring and connectors Intermittent Function e If this and other gauges on the J1587 data link ap pear to twitch or function intermittently check the 400 401 circuit for a loose connection e f this gauge only appears to function intermittently the data link could be overloaded with data from ECUs in the
49. displayed above the icons is always that of the icon in the primary position If the icon is in the right or secondary position it cannot be cleared Note that the low coolant icon cannot be cleared un til the problem is corrected Every 8 seconds the display will change and the primary and secondary icons will switch positions If a gauge warning occurs while a telltale warning is displayed the CAUTION lamp will illuminate A gauge warning will not automatically replace a tell tale warning To view the gauge warning in the display the Mode button must be pressed For troubleshooting the diagnostic mode may be en tered while any of these warnings are displayed Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Using the Graphic Display MODE Multi Function Diagnostic Set Up Gauge Fuel Economy Display _ 12 00 00AM Diagnostics Set Up a aii VOLTAGE Fuel Economy Top Level Depa EES a Alarm Diagnostic Units OIL TEMP Trip Fuel Meter es pang SF aw Um Trip Odometer 1 Cluster Clock Mode G TRANS TEMP Self Test Mode 12 24 Hour HIGH Bulb Test z Trip Odometer 2 Gauge Test Contrast Adjust Display Test Graphic Display Buzzer Test Hourmeter E 7 Backlighting and Set Up modes are only accessible with the ignition on Fuel Economy and the vehicle not moving T3009140 Fig 16 Graphic display modes To use the menu system 1 Gei the parking brakes T3009005 Fig 17 2 Turn the ignition on b
50. e data link could be overloaded with data from ECUs in the vehicle system In this case check the data link using the MPSI Pro Link Snapshot function Improper Gauge Function The gauge can be tested by activating the Cluster Self Test Mode function of the Diagnostics Menu 1 If the gauge pointer sweeps back and forth across the full range the gauge and its associated circuitry in the cluster are working a Check for coolant related messages using the Diagnostic Messages function of the Diag nostics Menu Use the service tool for the engine in your vehicle to compare any diagnos tic messages shown in the instrument cluster b If a sensor problem is indicated check the wiring from the sensor for opens or shorts ac cording to the engine manufacturer s service literature Also refer to the VNL VNM Electrical Schematics for wiring information 2 If the gauge pointer does not move during the self test and a sensor problem has been ruled out re place the cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately 44 Inaccurate Gauge Reading Using the Pro link with the Volvo Card check accu racy with the signal value going up to 170 and coming down to 170 With these input values the coolant temperature gauge should read 10 of the 170 mark If the readings are NOT between 160 and 180 the gauge is faulty Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks
51. e oil temperature display warning The engine oil temperature gauge can be driven in steps of 10 F from 50 to 270 F For this test to work the gauge must be in the graphic display window Gauge tolerance 0 5 F This test activates the preheat display icon The speedometer gauge can be driven in steps of 5 mph from 0 80 mph Gauge tolerance 3 0 mph Below 5 mph tolerance 3 mph The tachometer gauge can be driven in steps of 100 RPM from 0 2500 RPM Gauge tolerance 50 RPM The coolant temp gauge can be driven in steps of 5 F from 150 to 230 F Gauge tolerance Above 190 F 3 5 F Below 190 F 9 F The engine oil pressure gauge can be driven in steps of 15 psi from 0 90 psi Gauge tolerance 3 psi The turbo boost pressure gauge can be driven in steps of 5 psi from 0 30 psi Gauge tolerance 3 psi Note Gauge accuracy must be measured at room temperature 20 25 C 68 77 F The analog gauges have mag netic characteristics which may change accuracy slightly over a long period of time Note The tachometer will move to the 600 RPM mark during Special Tests In vehicles with a Volvo engine it is nor mal for an audible beeping to occur during certain Special Tests The engine must not be running during any Special Tests or the tests will not function Pro Link is a registered trademark of MPSI 57 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM View EEPROM Clock Mode 12 or 24 hou
52. e the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the front of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate Adjust the steering column back where possible Remove the two screws at the top of the instrument cluster and lay the cluster face down on the steer ing column 62 Service Procedures 3 Cut the tie straps fastening the wiring harness to the back of the cluster for stress relief on the connectors AN DANGER Never disconnect an air system component unless all system pressure has been depleted Failure to deplete system pressure before disconnecting hoses or com ponents may result in them separating violently and causing serious bodily injury Bleed all pressure from the vehicle air system Disconnect the electrical and air connectors from the back of the cluster and remove the cluster from the vehicle Installation 1 Connect electrical connectors and air lines at the back of the instrument cluster For stress relief on the con nectors tie strap the wiring to the back of the instrument cluster 2 Install the instrument cluster in dash 2 t 0 3 Nm and tighten the 2 screws at the top of 17 5 2 5 in the cluster Torque to 2 0 3 Nm 17 5 Ib 2 5 in lb Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 381 1 03 02 02 Right Module Replacement Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety pre
53. eck the washer fluid pump assembly for continuity between connector pins B and C If there is continu ity replace the pump assembly If the warning is still displayed troubleshoot the washer fluid pump cir cuit Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Gauge Warnings If a gauge warning such as voltmeter engine or transmission oil temperature occurs the CAUTION lamp will come on and the gauge warning will be displayed But if a telltale warning is already dis played the Mode button must be pressed to display the warning on the Graphic Display screen Gauge warnings are activated when the input ex ceeds a pre set trip point The trip points are as follows shown in order of priority Note Engine oil temperature trip point varies by en gine 1 Engine oil temp 2 Transmission oil temp 3 Voltmeter Input via datalink 140 C 285 F lt 11 8 volts Design and Function Multiple Warnings If more than one telltale warning message is acti vated 2 or 3 warning icons may be displayed at the same time A multiple display appears as shown in the illustration Washer Fluid Low W3000848 1 Washer Fluid Low icon in the Primary dis play location 2 Low Coolant icon in the Secondary display location The icon on the left side is the primary icon during multiple displays If as in the illustration the washer fluid low icon is in the primary position it may be cleared by pressing the Set button The text
54. een 3 Application Air Pressure Air Line Black Remove the air lines from the Front and Rear Brake Air Pressure gauges Connect the air lines back into the opposite gauges start the engine and build the air pressure in the systems Compare the sweep of both gauges to see if the problem still exists or if the problem is now in the other gauge If the problem is in the other gauge troubleshoot the air line for a kink or restriction If the problem still exists in the same gauge replace the gauge Air Gauge LED Test To test the red warning LED in the Front or Rear Brake Air Pressure gauge pump the brake pedal while the ignition is on and engine is off to lower the system air pressure When the pressure drops below 60 psi the LED must light If not check the LED circuitry by using the Bulb Test function If the LED does not light during the Bulb Test replace the gauge Start the engine When the air pressure rises above 70 10 psi the LED should turn off If not replace the gauge 53 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Fuel Level Gauge From Fuel Level 1x2 l l us DNA A 2 sh cpu ss BAS Sender Unit 4 AL Fuel l A Battery LX10 b ev pow DE I l LX 12 Ground 5 Left Circuit Board Fig 66 Fuel level gauge signal flow The Fuel Gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement that receives its signal from a sensor in the fuel tank This signal is input to the microprocessor on the instru
55. elf Test mode 5 Press the Up or Down button to display the de sired test name Bulb Test Gauge Test Display Test or Buzzer Test 6 Press the Set button to begin the displayed test The test will end automatically 25 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Set up Mode The Set up mode allows the driver to choose between English or metric units between 12 or 24 hour time and to set the Graphic Display contrast the Graphic Dis play and odometer brightness and optionally to set a fuel economy target value Settings are retained when the ignition is off and also when the battery is disconnected If battery power is lost while in the Set Up mode the instrument cluster will go back to its default values Units The units function configures the cluster to display data in the English or metric mode e English Distances are displayed in miles temper atures are displayed in Fahrenheit degrees and Fuel Economy is displayed in miles per gallon e Metric Distances are displayed in kilometers tem peratures are displayed in Celsius degrees and Fuel Economy is displayed in liters per kilometer To configure the cluster for English or metric 1 Use the Mode button to display SET UP MENU 2 Press the Up or Down button to scroll to UNITS 3 Use the Set button to toggle between ENGLISH and METRIC Clock Mode The clock mode configures the clock to display 12 hour am pm or 24 hour time To change the clock format
56. ensboro NC 27402 6115 Volvo Trucks Canada Ltd 6490 Vipond Drive Mississauga Ontario L5T 1W8 http Awww volvotrucks volvo com PV776 TSP106805 1 2 1998 Volvo Trucks North America Inc 1998
57. eral safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage SO 50 SUS d 8 Ee BIN D N amp KS 4 W3002517 Fig 79 1 Odometer Mounting Screws 2 5 pin Connector 1 Note Attempts to remove and re place individual gauges on the left and center modules during the war ranty period will void the cluster warranty Instead the whole unit should be exchanged ONLY when a trained technician is reconfiguring a replacement instrument cluster may the cluster be opened during the war ranty period To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which can damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster use a wrist grounding strap and an anti static mat when working on the instrument cluster Failure to do so can result in permanent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster Do not place the cluster on a metal table or any metal surface while servicing Remove Center Module see Center Module Replacement page 66 71 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM W3002502 Fig 80 To avoid damaging the gauges do not pull on the needle when removing the gauge assembly Pulling on the needle can make the gauges inaccurate The gauge assembly is held tightly by pin sockets To remove grasp the bot tom of the tach speedo assembly with your thumb
58. esel Series 60 11 1 12 7 Caution and Stop Lamp signals are sourced from the Engine ECU hard wired Caterpillar and Detroit Diesel do not use the Engine Fluids lamp Refer to the engine manufacturer s literature for informa tion on the conditions which activate individual lamps in the instrument cluster cluster It is a programmable parameter Engine related Warnings Cummins M11 N14 The Engine Fluids Caution and Stop Lamp signals are sourced from the Engine ECU hard wired Refer to the engine manufacturer s literature for informa tion on the conditions which activate individual lamps in the instrument cluster Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Graphic Display The Graphic Display is located below the gauges in the left section of the instrument cluster It displays vehicle system information not available from the other gauges and helps the driver obtain maximum efficiency from the vehicle Standard displays include clock alarm clock voltmeter engine hours two resettable trip odometers a fuel econ omy display and diagnostic information Optional displays include engine and transmission oil temperature gauges Displayed data can come from e the J1587 data link e external switches e external sensors The display can be customized to suit individual prefer ences For example its backlighting can be adjusted independently of gauge backlighting When the ignition is on and the vehicle is not moving
59. eter and hourmeter values to reflect the ve hicle s actual mileage and engine hours This is done with the Pro Link Service Procedures 75 76 Feedback One of our objectives is that workshop personnel should have access to correct and appropriate service manuals where it concerns fault tracing repairs and maintenance of Volvo trucks In order to maintain the high standards of our literature your opinions and experience when using this manual would be greatly appreciated If you have any comments or suggestions make a copy of this page write down your comments and send them to us either via telefax or mailing directly to the address listed below To From Volvo Trucks North America INC 0 han eeeeececeeeeteeeceeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeestetetsessseseseeees Dept 516 Service Publications eeeeteetetteteteeteaeeteeeteaeeeeeeeeaeeteaeeseaeeeeeseneeeneeeenes 7825 National Service Road Kae eaaa eaaa eaaa aane naen aana e naen aana nana n ae nennen PO Box 26115 00 aida aa e saga Tanah Greensboro NC 27402 6115 aaa aaa aaa aaa aana aana aa eaaa anae anaa eaaa anana e eaaa a nenen USA Fax 336 393 3170 Comments proposals Operation Numbers 3811 03 02 01 Instrument Cluster Replacement 3811 03 02 02 Right Module Replacement 0 002 5252 2 25 63 3811 03 02 03 Center Module Replacement 3811 03 02 04 Left Gauge Module Replacement VOLVO Volvo Trucks North America Inc P O Box 26115 Gre
60. ge is displayed the Turbo Gauge is disabled CANNOT EXECUTE TEST GAUGE NOT AVAILABLE 4 Ifthe Turbo gauge is disabled the Engine Oil PSI signal is being displayed in the Turbo gauge Use the Reprogram EEPROM function to enable the Turbo gauge When the Turbo gauge is enabled the Oil PSI signal moves to the Oil PSI gauge location above the Turbo gauge where it belongs W3002013 Fig 47 Oil pressure gauge shows no reading and turbo gauge reads too high 43 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge From Engine Coolant l Temperature Sender Unit 1 LX 1 gt 31587 I ECU ata Link LX 11 gt 1 l D Troubleshooting Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge W3000718 Fig 48 Coolant temperature gauge signal flow The coolant temperature gauge is an electrical aircore meter movement which receives its signal from the en gine via the J1587 data bus In the absence of a data signal the gauge pointer will move to its minimum read ing after a 3 5 second delay If the pointers on all the gauges on the J1587 data bus move to the minimum reading there is a problem in the data link circuit Troubleshoot the 400 401 wiring and connectors Intermittent Function e If this and other gauges on the J1587 data link ap pear to twitch or function intermittently check the 400 401 circuit for a loose connection e f this gauge only appears to function intermittently th
61. mp Graphic Display Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Transmission Temp Gauge Engine Oil Temp Gauge E Engine Fuel Economy Coolant i Tachometer Temp Graphic Display Driveline Single Axle Cluster T3009001 Fig 2 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM General Available Configurations contd Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Transmission Temp Gauge Engine Oil Temp Gauge Fuel Economy Engine Coolant Oil Tachometer Graphic Display Driveline Tandem Axle Cluster Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Transmission Temp Gauge Engine Oil Temp Gauge Fuel Economy Engine Coolant Tachometer Speedometer Temp Graphic Loaded Single Axle Cluster Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Enging Transmission Temp Gauge Engine Oil Temp Gauge Fuel Economy Engine Coolant Tachometer Speedometer Temp Graphic Loaded Tandem Axle Cluster T3009002 Fig 3 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM General Available Configurations contd Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Fuel Economy Engine Engine Coolant Oil Tachometer Susp Temp Pres Pres i Front Rear Display Brake Brake Air Pres Air Pres Air Suspension Cluster T3009303 Fig 4 Group 38 Instrumentati
62. naccurate Gauge Reading Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 20 psi With this input value the gauge should read between 15 and 25 psi see figure If there is a reading outside 15 and 25 the gauge is faulty Also see Turbo Gauge Reads too High page 47 Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the measurement And ALWAYS be di rectly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading W3001054 Fig 52 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Turbo Gauge Reads too High and Oil PSI gauge not functioning If the cluster has a Turbo gauge and the above symptoms it is likely the Turbo gauge is reading OIL PSI gauge data This is a configuration error Note Oil pressure gauge takes the place of the Turbo gauge when the Turbo gauge is not used Solution The Pro Link with the Volvo Card see Tools section can be used to check and correct configuration errors 1 If the cluster DOES have a Turbo gauge 2 Using the Pro Link go to Special Tests and select the Turbo Gauge test SPECIAL TESTS SELECTIONS TURBO GAUGE y W3001056 Fig 53 3 If the following message is displayed the Turbo Gauge is
63. ng steps It is correctly installed when its face plate is flush with the other gauges face plates Air Pressure Gauges Only Connect the 2 pin connector into the board it is not polarity sensitive so it can go in either way and secure the gauge to the board with a self tapping Phillips screw Gauge Blanks 2 W3002505 Fig 75 Gauge Blank Blank Support Assembly Pins Terminals Sapari Sasi e Saat 4 2 3 4 Install the new blank 1 into the clus ter housing Install the blank support 2 in the PC board into the terminals 4 where the gauge was removed Al ways install the support assembly in the left and right pin holes NOT the top and bottom holes Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 3 Install the Right Circuit Board assem bly into the housing 4 Place the cover over the board assem bly and secure with three machine screws 5 Install the cluster into the dash see Instrument Cluster Replacement page 62 Service Procedures 65 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Service Procedures 381 1 03 02 03 Additional Information Center Module Replacement e Warranty Notice page 60 Information about in Before starting this procedure see General Work strument clusters still under warranty Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage
64. not push on the needle For gauge blanks see the fol lowing steps It is correctly installed when its face plate is flush with the other gauges face plates Adding Gauge Blanks 2 W3002505 Fig 84 Gauge Blank Blank Support Assembly Pins Terminals Install the new blank 1 into the clus ter housing Install the blank support 2 in the PC board into the terminals 4 where the gauge was removed Al ways install the support assembly in the left and right pin holes NOT the top and bottom holes Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM W3002501 Fig 85 Important Before installing the Left Circuit Board assembly check connec tor E4 pins and make sure they are all perfectly straight and parallel to each other 4 Place the Left Circuit Board assembly into the housing while lining up E4 pins into the Graphic Display connector 5 Install the Center Module paying par ticular attention to connector E1 on the Left Circuit Board assembly 6 Install the left rear cover and secure it with three machine screws 7 Install the cluster into the dash see Instrument Cluster Replacement page 62 8 If installing a gauge blank into the En gine Oil Pressure or Turbo Boost Pressure gauges use the Pro Link 9000 with the VOLVO card to enable the gauge which is being added or to disable the gauge which is being re moved 9 Note If the Left Circuit Board has been replaced update the odom
65. o check and correct configuration errors 1 If the cluster does NOT have a Turbo gauge 2 Using the Pro Link go to Special Tests and select the Turbo Gauge test SPECIAL TESTS SELECTIONS TURBO GAUGE A W3001056 Fig 44 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 3 Does the Engine Oil PSI gauge move during the test If so the Turbo gauge is enabled and the Turbo signal is being displayed in the Oil PSI gauge 4 Use the Reprogram EEPROM function to disable the Turbo gauge When the Turbo gauge is disabled the Oil PSI signal will be displayed in the correct gauge location W3002012 Fig 45 Oil pressure gauge shows readings too low when the vehicle is moving and 0 psi when idling Shows more oil pressure when climbing hills Troubleshooting Oil Pressure Gauge Not Functioning and Turbo gauge reads too high If the cluster has a Turbo gauge and the above symptoms it is likely the Turbo gauge is reading OIL PSI gauge data This is a configuration error Note Oil pressure gauge takes the place of the Turbo gauge when the Turbo gauge is not used Solution The Pro Link with the Volvo Card see Tools section can be used to check and correct configuration errors 1 If the cluster DOES have a Turbo gauge 2 Using the Pro Link go to Special Tests and select the Turbo Gauge test SPECIAL TESTS SELECTIONS TURBO GAUGE A W3001056 Fig 46 3 If the following messa
66. oard 63 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM 3 Lift out the Right Circuit Board assem bly with gauges W3002493 Fig 74 To avoid damaging the gauge do not push on the needle when removing the gauge Pushing on the needle can make the gauge inaccurate Air Pressure Gauges Only These are each secured by one Phillips screw Remove the screw pull the gauge out of the board and disconnect the 2 pin LED connector Other Gauges Gauges are held tightly by their pin sockets To remove grasp the side of the gauge face plate with your thumb place your 2nd and 3rd fingers underneath the face plate see illustration Carefully rock the gauge from side to side while applying upward pressure until the gauge pins are free of the board sockets Gauge Blanks Remove the gauge blank by pulling the blank support up ward until the pins are free of the board sockets and lifting the blank from the face of the instrument cluster Note early production models may have gauge blanks held in place with a metal clip and a screw 64 Service Procedures Installation 1 To avoid damaging the gauge do not push on the needle when installing the gauge Pushing on the nee dle can make the gauge inaccurate Install the replacement gauge by grasping the opposite corners of the gauge face plate and pushing the gauge pins into the socket onto the circuit board Do not push on the needle For gauge blanks see the fol lowi
67. on VNL VNM Tools Tools Special Tools The following special tools are required for work on the instrument cluster The tools can be ordered as listed below 1089953 306040 NN NA W0001517 Fig 5 104004 Pro link 9000 1089953 Bulb Removal Tool available from MPSI at 1 800 available from Volvo 639 6774 206040 Pro Link Adapter 404024 Diagnostic Cable available from MPSI available from MPSI 807012 Volvo Application Card 501002 Power Data Cable available from MPSI available from MPSI Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Tools Special Equipment The following items are required for work on the instrument cluster They can be or dered as shown below J 42444 BT 8639 B J 39200 J 42444 BT 8639 B 339200 wo0001518 Fig 6 Type 8501 Static Dissipative Grounding Kit available from Kent Moore 1 800 328 6657 The kit shown includes both a wrist strap and anti static mat Use both when working on the instrument cluster at a work bench ESD Wrist Strap available from Kent Moore Use a wrist strap when servicing the instrument cluster in side the vehicle Use a wrist strap and anti static mat when working on the instrument cluster at a workbench Fluke 87 Digital Multi meter DMM available from Kent Moore Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Design and Function Instrument Cluster Instrument Cluster Functional Diagram Volvo Engines ememr Sensors in Left Circ
68. r From Sender Unit RX 3 si From Sender Unit BD RX 14 1 Right Circuit Board 12V Ignition Power Ground ee aa W3000715 Fig 63 Front and Rear Drive Axle Temperature gauge signal flow Fault Indications A constant gauge reading of 32 C 90 F or less can be caused by a defective sender unit or gauge or an open wire between the cluster and the sender unit A constant reading of 130 C 270 F or more can be caused by a defective gauge or sender unit or by a wire that is shorted to ground between the gauge and the sender unit Inaccuracies greater than 12 C 10 F usually indicate a defective sender unit or gauge 52 Troubleshooting Testing the Axle Temperature Gauges 1 Make certain the vehicle ignition is OFF When servicing or troubleshooting do not leave the cluster face down for more than 15 minutes or damage to the gauges may occur Gauge oil can run out the front of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate When probing connector terminals do not insert probes into the terminals This will spread the ter minals apart causing permanent damage Probe the insertion side of the connector Gain access to the rear of the instrument cluster Disconnect connector RX and measure the resis tance between harness pin 13 Front Axle gauge or pin 3 Rear Axle gauge and pin 11 ground Axle Temp 21 C 70 F 50 C 120 F 95 C 200 F Expected Reading 1
69. r mode Turbo Gauge indicates whether the turbo gauge is in stalled Voltmeter indicates whether the voltmeter display is en abled or disabled Eng Oil Temp indicates whether the engine oil tempera ture display is enabled or disabled Trans Temp indicates whether the transmission oil temp is enabled or disabled Fuel Econ indicates whether the fuel economy feature is enabled or disabled Hourmeter This displays the hourmeter total shown in the instrument cluster Actual This displays the actual hourmeter total for that particular instrument cluster If the instrument cluster has been reprogrammed to display a differ ent total this will show the actual total for that instrument cluster not the reprogrammed total Odometer This displays the odometer total shown in the instrument cluster Actual This displays the actual odometer total for that particular instrument cluster If the instrument cluster has been reprogrammed to display a differ ent total this will show the actual total for that instrument cluster not the reprogrammed total The last line of the View EEPROM menu will show the serial number of the last MPSI tool used to reprogram the instrument cluster 58 Troubleshooting Reprogram EEPROM Note When the Reprogram mode is entered the serial number of the MPSI tool in use is recorded in the instru ment cluster memory Note There are no password protected read write functions Clock Mode set
70. rage instantaneous and target fuel economy The range is 0 to 99 9 miles per gallon or 0 to 999 liters per 100 kilo meters selectable using the Set Up menu The data is calculated by the microprocessor on the Left Circuit Board using inputs from the J1587 data link The AVG value can be reset by pressing the Set button while in this display the Trip Fuel Meter value will also be reset Trip Fuel Meter The Trip Fuel meter displays the amount of fuel used since the last time it was reset Its range is from 0 to 9999 gallons or liters driver selectable and the data is calculated by the microprocessor on the Left Circuit Board using inputs from the J1587 data link The Trip Fuel value can be reset to zero by pressing the Set but ton while in this display the AVG fuel economy value will also be reset 27 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Center Section Tachometer The tachometer is an electrical aircore meter movement driven by signals from the J1587 data link In the ab sence of data link information the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay Speedometer and Odometer The speedometer is an electrical aircore meter move ment driven by signals from the J1587 data link In the absence of data link information the gauge pointer will move to its minimum reading after a 3 5 second delay Note that the cluster does not perform speedometer cali bration Speedometer calibration to compensate
71. ront of the gauge faces and make the gauges inaccurate Gauge Pyrometer en pm pm e vm e ml Left Circuit Board W3000870 Fig 41 Pyrometer gauge signal flow If the pyrometer thermocouple fails the pointer will move AN to one end of the dial or the other A reading of 150 C CAUTION 300 F or less indicates an open in the truck s wiring or Wh aie d l thermocouple and a reading of 815 C 1500 F or more en probing connector terminals do not insert probes into the terminals This will spread the ter indicates a short minals apart causing permanent damage Probe If the Pyrometer gauge fails to indicate within 100 F of a the insertion side of the connector known true value check the thermocouple and wiring with a digital voltmeter capable of reading down to 5 mil livolts Gain access to the back of the cluster With the igni tion on there should be 5 to 50 millivolts between 1 Make certain the vehicle ignition is OFF connector LY pins 30 and 13 a If the voltage is incorrect replace the ther mocouple or the wire to it b If the voltage is correct replace the cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately 41 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Engine Oil Pressure Gauge From Engine Oil Pressure Sender Unit ECU 4 J1587 Data Link L 11 yi Troubleshooting LETS W3002506 Fig 42 Engine
72. should sweep the pointers 3 times A gauge pointer which appears to be sticking should be returned to its normal position during the Gauge Test If not repeat the Gauge Test one more time Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate e Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the reading e ALWAYS be directly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading see figure 38 Troubleshooting zo DU 210 W3001609 Fig 36 Example of pointer out of range locations W3002305 Fig 37 1 Reading of 20 from directly in front of the gauge 2 Reading of 20 from a side view Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Gauges Troubleshooting Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for general safety precautions when working with the instrument cluster Failure to follow the safety precautions may result in instrument cluster damage Graphic Display Use the Display Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics Menu to test the graphic dis play If the display is defective replace the instrument cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the display may be replaced separately During the Display Test all pixels in the display will alter nate from
73. ster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately Inaccurate Gauge Reading 1 Using the Pro link 9000 and the Volvo card scroll to the instrument cluster menu 2 Press enter and scroll to Special Tests Press enter and scroll to Speedo Gauge Press enter again SPECIAL TEST SELECTIONS SPEEDO GAUGE W3001203 Fig 56 3 Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 30 mph With an input value of 30 mph the speedometer should read between 29 and 33 mph see figure If there is a reading outside 29 and 33 mph the gauge is faulty W3001162 Fig 57 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Note For some instrument clusters with an input value of 30 mph the gauge should read between 29 and 35 mph These clusters have a stamp marked STD on the lower left side of the cluster this stamp can only be seen when the cluster is out of the dash Note Pointer width should be taken into account for all accuracy checks The width of the pointer as well as the angle of viewing the pointer can make the gauge appear to be inaccurate Use the center line of the pointer not the edge as the mea surement And ALWAYS be directly in front of the gauge when checking accuracy Looking at the gauge from the side will not provide a true reading Using the Pro link check accuracy with the signal value going up to 55 mph With an input value of 55
74. t cluster damage Note Individual gauges in the left and center modules of the VN instrument cluster are not serviceable during the warranty period Attempts to remove and replace indi vidual gauges during the warranty period will void the cluster warranty Instead the whole unit may be exchanged ONLY when a trained technician is changing the configu ration of a replacement instrument cluster may the cluster be opened during the warranty period Removal 1 To prevent electrostatic discharge ESD which can damage the sensitive electronic components in the in strument cluster use a wrist grounding strap and an anti static mat when working on the instrument cluster Failure to do so can result in permanent damage to the printed circuit boards in the instrument cluster Remove cluster from vehicle see Instrument Cluster Replacement page 62 Place cluster on anti static mat The anti static mat must be grounded to the nearest electrical out let When working at the anti static workbench always keep a wrist strap connected to the anti static mat Do not place the cluster on a metal table or any metal surface while servicing Service Procedures W3000734 Fig 82 1 Connector E2 part of the center circuit board 2 Top cover screw location 3 Bottom cover screw location 4 Connector E4 to Graphic Display board un derneath Remove the Phillips screw at the top of the left rear cover and
75. tale indicators and a Master Warning indicator Telltales in this section are Left and Right Turn Indicators Fifth Wheel Lock Wheel Differ ential Lock Interaxle Differential Lock High Beam Indicator SRS Air Bag Parking Brake Anti Lock Brake System ABS for Tractor and ABS for Trailer for future use Air Suspension Bogie and Mirror Defroster e Right Section Contains a Fuel Level gauge a Front Brake Air Pressure gauge and a Rear Brake Air Pressure gauge It may also contain an optional Application Air Pressure gauge an optional Air Suspension gauge and a Forward Axle and a Rear Axle Temperature gauge It can also contain up to six telltale indicators Standard telltales are Traction Control System and A C Diagnostic System for fu ture use Note that all gauges and telltales may not be used in all vehicles Four push buttons on the wiper washer stalk allow the driver to access and display in formation in the Graphic Display Specifications This instrument cluster is designed to operate with an input voltage of between 10 and 18 volts General Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM General Available Configurations Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Voltmeter Gauge Fuel Economy Engine Coolant Oil Tachometer Temp Graphic Display Clock Trip Odometer 1 and 2 Diagnostic Messages Engin Volimeter Gauge Pres Fuel Economy Engine Coolant Tachometer Te
76. tank 2 3 volts 10 3 4 tank 3 5 volts 10 Full tank 4 7 volts 10 e f voltage is as shown in Table B connect the connector and check the fuel gauge socket for the same value at the connector If the value is the same replace the fuel level gauge If the voltage is not at the socket replace the right cir cuit board e f voltage is not as shown in Table B go to step 5 Check voltage between RX 2 and LX 3 e f voltage is as shown in the Table B check the circuit connector terminals and wiring from RX 4 to LX 3 and replace components such as terminals or wiring as necessary e f voltage is not as shown in Table B check for 12V on pin LX 10 and for ground on LX 12 if voltage and ground are not present check wiring and fuses If ok check the input to LX 2 It must be within the correct range per Table A if not check the sender Then check for voltage output from LX 3 If it is not present replace the left circuit board If the pointer constantly stays on the 1 2 mark full mark or falls below the empty mark the most likely cause is a wiring problem Troubleshooting a If the pointer stays below E AND the pointer moves slightly during the gauge test there is no signal on the ground input Check for an open circuit on RX 2 Note that RX 2 is associated with the axle tem perature circuit so that gauge may be affected also W3002496 Fig 67 b If the pointer stays above F A
77. ter is installed with a Caterpillar Cum mins or Detroit Diesel engine the trip points are sent via the J1587 data link according to each manufacturer s specifications Refer to the appropriate manual for these trip points In some cases the yellow Caution telltale or red Stop Design and Function telltale may also light and the buzzer may also sound when a trip point is reached These warnings will con tinue until the ignition is turned off or until the condition causing the warning no longer exists The visual and au dible warnings will return if the condition that caused the warning still exists when the ignition is turned back on Fuel Economy Mode The Fuel Economy mode allows the driver to see his fuel economy during a trip Information is updated continually and is presented in the form of a bargraph Average fuel economy during the trip AVG and the fuel economy under the current conditions INST can be seen at a glance along with the fuel economy target value set us ing the Set Up menu The Fuel Economy mode contains a Avg Inst Target dis play and a Trip Fuel Meter display function To select one of these displays 1 Use the Mode button to select the Fuel Economy display 2 Use the Up and Down buttons to display the bar graph or TRIP FUEL METER Avg Inst Target Display AVG NAK y INST xx x m TARGET xx x d T3009007 Fig 22 The Avg Inst Target Display shows the vehicle s ave
78. the two at the bottom then lift off the cover Note Connector E2 is part of the Center Circuit Board 73 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Do not bend the printed circuit board Bending the board can result in damage to the board or compo nents The Center Circuit Board connector E2 is holding the Left Circuit Board as sembly in at this point so you will have to remove the Center Module be fore continuing see Center Module Replacement page 66 4 Carefully lift out the Left Circuit Board assembly by lifting straight up It is at tached to the Graphic Display board below at connector E4 W3000991 To avoid damaging the gauge do not push on the needle when removing the gauge Pushing on the needle can make the gauge inaccurate 74 Service Procedures Gauges and gauge blanks are held tightly by their pin sockets To remove grasp the side of the gauge face plate with your thumb place your 2nd and 3rd fingers underneath the face plate see illustration Carefully rock the gauge from side to side while applying upward pressure until the gauge pins are free of the board sockets Installation 1 To avoid damaging the gauge do not push on the needle when installing the gauge Pushing on the nee dle can make the gauge inaccurate Install the replacement gauge by grasping the opposite corners of the gauge face plate and pushing the gauge pins into the socket onto the circuit board Do
79. tion one rcei Cae L 2 Fig 32 73009010 1 Traction Control System 2 APADS Air Conditioning Protection and Diagnostic System for future use Note that all gauges and telltales may not be used in all vehicles 31 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Buzzer signals 32 The buzzer is part of the cluster and has the following distinct signals e Turn signal Single short beep in time with the Turn Indicator telltales e Clock reminder A double beep every other second This is activated by the alarm clock function in the Graphic Display and works whether the ignition is on or off The clock reminder will override a Turn signal buzzer e Warning signal Two beeps every second This is activated when any red telltale except No Charge Park Brake and Seat Belt are on and the engine is running faster than 95 rpm idle The Warning signal will override all other signals While in the cluster self test or diagnostic mode the buzzers do not sound Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Connector Pinouts LX and LY Connectors oO 600000 000060609909 See Ee 10 22 Design and Function W3000849 Left Module LX Connector Pin Description Circuit No Input 1 Data Link 41587 400 mV reading 2 Fuel Sensor 183 33 250 ohms 3 Fuel Level Jumper to Right
80. tion key can be cycled off and on to interrupt any test e Gauge test This causes the pointers in the Tachometer Speedometer Oil PSI Coolant Tem perature Fuel and Turbo Boost gauges to sweep from minimum scale to full scale and back briefly stopping at mid scale each way This occurs three times The pyrometer axle temperature and air pressure gauges are excluded from the self test Cycle the ignition key off and on after the gauge test to return the gauges to normal function Note Each time power is applied to the cluster the speedometer and tachometer pointers return to zero taking the shortest path usually counter clockwise If during shipment for example the pointers are at the high end of their scales they will move clockwise toward zero when power is applied and will be prevented from reaching zero by the gauge housing In this case use the Gauge Test function to return the tachometer and speedometer pointers counter clockwise to zero Design and Function Display test To help identify defects in the Graphic Display the display will alternate between all dark and all light for about 10 seconds WI WI W3000719 Fig 20 Buzzer test Sounds each of the three buzzer sig nals for 10 seconds each 1 To access the Cluster Self Test 2 Use the Mode button to display DIAGNOSTICS MENU 3 Press the Up or Down button to scroll to CLUSTER SELF TEST MODE 4 Press the Set button to activate the Cluster S
81. to the minimum reading there is a problem in the data link circuit Troubleshoot the 400 401 wiring and connectors Intermittent Function e If this and other gauges on the J1587 data link ap pear to twitch or function intermittently check the 400 401 circuit for a loose connection e f this gauge only appears to function intermittently the data link could be overloaded with data from ECUs in the vehicle system In this case check the data link using the MPSI Pro Link Snapshot function Improper Gauge Function To test the gauge 1 Check for messages using the Diagnostic Messages function of the Diagnostics Menu Use the engine service tool to compare any diagnostic messages shown in the instrument cluster If a sensor problem is indicated check the wiring from the sensor for opens or shorts according to the engine manufac turer s service literature Refer to the VNL VNM Electrical Schematics for wiring information Also see Turbo Gauge Reads too High page 47 2 Use the Gauge Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics Menu a If the Turbo Boost Pressure gauge pointer sweeps back and forth across its full range its 46 meter movement and associated circuitry in the cluster are working b If the gauge pointer does not move during the self test and a sensor problem has been ruled out replace the cluster if the cluster is out of warranty the gauge may be replaced separately I
82. uit Board gt Le Tandem Axle Engine Oil Pressure Center Circuit Board Right Circuit Board s 4 2 10 15 e 30 50 20 gt 5 Tachometer Speedometer Engine Coolant Temp Graphic Display Unit CC a Telltale Indicators From External Air System Pyrometer Inputs from switches and sensors Sensor LI CG Operator switches Fuel Level Sender L CG GI ma Trans Temp GT Filter Coolant Level Restriction Coolant Temp po Oil Temp Turbo Boost Senders Washer Fluid Voltmeter Low Non Electronic Ei Trans Vehicle Speed Engine Speed Sensor Sensor Speedometer Engine dependent Drives Tachometer To from other ECU s ABS ECU Vehicle Info System Road Relay Satellite Communication System etc J1587 Data Link To from J1939 Data Link W3002521 Fig 7 11 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function Caterpillar Cummins Detroit Diesel Engines Left Circuit Board Engine Oil Center Circuit Board Pressure a 10 15 i Tachometer wi Graphic Display Unit i Microprocessor E ri wuwu er el Pyrometer Sensor Fuel Level J1587 Send D Data Link Trans Temp Air Filter Restriction LI ES Washer Fluid Voltmeter Low ai To from other ECU s ABS module Vehicle Info System Cummins Road Relay Caterpillar Information Display Detroit Diesel ProDriver Satellite Communication System etc 12
83. ut don t start the engine 3 Using the right hand press the Mode button on the e Set button If the current display contains a value wiper washer stalk to select the desired mode which can be changed using the Up and Down but tons the Set button enables the change and selects 4 When the desired mode appears use the Up and ae Down buttons to select the desired function in that the digit to be changed The Set button also Resets mode the Trip Odometer 1 and Trip Odometer 2 readings to zero when pressed for 1 second Note The Diagnostic and Set up Modes are not avail able when the vehicle is in motion If these modes are in e Mode button Pressing the Mode button moves use and the vehicle reaches a speed of 5 mph 8 km h from one mode to another For example press the Graphic Display will automatically change to the MODE to change from the Set Up mode to the clock display Gauge mode e Up and Down buttons Pressing the Up or Down buttons scrolls to the next or to the previous avail able function within a mode For example if the Trip 1 odometer is displayed pressing Down scrolls to the Trip 2 odometer and pressing Up scrolls to the Alarm Clock The Up and Down buttons are also used to change the displayed time and alarm 18 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Multi Function Mode The Multi Function mode contains a clock an alarm clock two independent trip odometers and an engine hourmeter Clock Display
84. uttons to display DIAGNOS TIC MESSAGES 4 When DIAGNOSTIC MESSAGES is displayed press the Set button RECEIVING DATA PLEASE WAIT will be displayed while the systems on the J1587 data link are polled 5 When the first message appears the Set button can be pressed to toggle the display between the text description and the received data If the display shows UNKNOWN in any line press the Set but ton to display the MID PID SID and FMI a If the condition that caused the currently dis played fault still exists the cluster will display ACTIVE b If the condition that caused the currently dis played fault has gone away the cluster will display INACTIVE c The number of times a fault has occurred will be displayed when available In some cases a short message may also be displayed 6 Record all codes displayed 7 To display the next stored fault press the Down but ton If the Graphic Display detects a complete failure of the J1587 data link between the instrument cluster and the other system modules it will display DATA LINK BRO KEN In this case the actual wires used for the J1587 data link should be inspected for damage If the Graphic Display does not receive a response from any of the individual modules on the J1587 data link it will display the name and number MID of the system and NOT RESPONDING Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Line 1 Message identifier D ENGINE 1 L E BOO
85. valve axle 2 R 11 ABS valve axle 3 L 12 ABS valve axle 3 R 13 ABS rtrdr ctrl relay 18 ABS dif 1 ASR valve Airbag SID s Subsystem ID s Description 1 Dr Airbag Ign Loop 23 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Design and Function FMI s Failure Modes Description 0 Data valid but high 1 Date valid but low 2 Data erratic 3 Voltage shorted high 4 Voltage shorted low 5 Current low or open C 6 Current high or short C 7 Mech syst no respons 8 Abnormal freq or PW 9 Abnormal update rate 10 Abnormal change rate 11 Failure unknown 12 Bad device 13 Out of calibration 14 Special instruction see Note A complete list of MIDs PIDs SIDs and FMls is pub lished in the SAE J1708 1587 document 24 Note The special instruction FMI 14 is broadcast when the airbag has stored crash data Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Cluster self test mode As an aid in troubleshooting the cluster the cluster self test mode provides the following tests Note While in the cluster self test mode the Engine ECU data link is disconnected Therefore the gauges will not function until the cluster is out of the self test mode e Bulb test Turns on all telltale indicators and red warning LEDs in the gauges which have them for ten seconds Note The gauges in the instrument cluster are not functional during the bulb test The igni
86. vehicle system In this case check the data link using the MPSI Pro Link Snapshot function Improper Gauge Function Calibra tion Check If the speedometer accuracy is off check the calibration of the engine ECU Vehicle ECU in vehicles with Volvo engines Compare the results of the ECU calibration with readings obtained with the diagnostic service tool recommended by the engine manufacturer Each engine manufacturer formats calibration differently For the Volvo engine only the ECU calibrates the speedometer with the following formula pulses mile tire rev mile x rear axle ratio x no of teeth on chopper wheel on transmission for example pulses mile 501 rev mi x 4 10 x 16 pulses rev 32866 pulses mile Test the speedometer by using the Gauge Test function in the Cluster Self Test Mode of the Diagnostics Menu Use the service tool for the engine in your vehicle to compare any diagnostic messages shown in the instru ment cluster If a sensor problem is indicated check the wiring from the sensor for opens or shorts according to the engine manufacturer s service literature Also refer to 48 the VNL VNM Electrical Schematics for wiring informa tion If the speedometer pointer sweeps back and forth across its full range its meter movement and associated cir cuitry within the cluster are working If the gauge pointer does not move during the self test and a sensor problem has been ruled out replace the clu
87. ver from the cluster 4 Remove the four Phillips cover screws W3000845 Fig 77 1 Connector El Do not bend the printed circuit board Bending the board can result in damage to the board or compo nents Grasp the top and bottom of connector E1 over the Left Circuit Board with your thumb and forefinger Rock the Center Module from top to bottom while pulling up to unseat E1 6 Remove the Center Module by lifting it from the cluster 68 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Installation 1 To reinstall the Center Module line up connector E1 pins with connector E2 holes on the Center Circuit Board then carefully seat E2 while lowering the Center Module into the housing Service Procedures W3002500 2 Verify that all E1 pins are in connector E2 holes then use your thumb to fully seat E2 onto the Left Circuit Board 3 Secure the Center Module to the housing with four machine screws 4 Reinstall the left rear cover and se cure it with the three Phillips screws 69 70 Group 38 Instrumentation VNL VNM Tachometer Speedometer and Odometer Replacement Service Procedures Additional Information e Warranty Notice page 60 Information about in strument clusters still under warranty A CAUTION Removal Before starting this procedure see General Work Practices page 3 for gen

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