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CHM 15k Ceilometer - Bad Request

1. Byte Value Description 85 m unit of measurement in m or ft 87 20 HEX 88 Precipitation index Sky Condition Index SCI 90 i 20 HEX 91 coe System status 32 Bit Service code so far157 164 99 i 20 HEX RS485 identification number of CHM 15k in RS485 bus systems 100 Ah default is 16 102 3B HEX 103 CHMyynnnn E name FabName yy for year nnnn for consecutive num 112 3B HEX 113 BASE Standard deviation 1 cloud layer CBE 118 3B HEK 119 Wer Standard deviation 2 cloud layer CBE 124 3B HEX 125 ewe Standard deviation 3 cloud layer CBE 130 i 3B HEX 131 mon Standard deviation penetration depth of the laser beam into the 15t cloud layer CDE 135 3B HEX 136 STondard deviation penetration depth of the laser beam into the 2 cloud layer CDE 140 3B HEX 141 m Standard deviation penetration depth of the laser beam into the 3 cloud layer CDE 145 3B HEX 146 TEE Standard deviation vertical visibility VOE 151 3B HEX 152 JUR Software Version FPGA 156 3B HEX 157 MUN Software Version Firmware OMAP 161 3B HEK 162 i System status OK or ER 164 3B HEX 165 ek Outer temperature Kelvin x 10 169 3B HEX 170 Ed Inner temperature Kelvin x 10 174 3B HEX 175 id Detector temperature Kelvin x 10 179 3B HEX 180 none NN1 184 3B HEX 185 eet NN2 Table 8 Format of extended data telegrams also refer to Table 9 any 40
2. 20 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 I 4 I Cloud height 3 gt Distance Fig 24 Evaluation of cloud parameters for the altitude of cloud bases and penetration depth the range vector will be corrected by the zenith angle 9 10 Cloud amount cloud cover BCC TCC The cloud amount value will be determined from calculated cloud bases where their temporal history the will be treated The base cloud cover BCC from the lowest cloud base and the total cloud cover TCC are written in NetCDF files The considered time intervall depends on the altitude see Figure 25 For each altitude intervall the frequency of cloud bases are calculated This histogram will be smoothed using a height depending weight function Within the smoothed frequency distribution peaks will be separated All cloud bases in the space of a peak will be clustered to one cloud layer The calculation of the total cloud cover value and the separated cloud layers are done within a rectangle depending on time and altitude For this purpose the selected time intervall truncated cone will be divided in a fixed number of small truncated cones Parts containing cloud bases are counted against the total number of cone parts The cloud cover values is expressed as a percentage value from these comparison Finally the percentage value is exppressed in oktas Table 17 lists the WMO code for the cloud cover index The please check the Revision R03 November 2014 65 Data Evaluat
3. kkk kk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk M kkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk lt CR gt lt LF gt n 2 P line Mee dee KERKE R RR AR RR RR KERE RR ER ERK ARE REK ER ERE ER ERERER C eS P n 1 P line BEA GE EERE OGGI CIO EE EE AA EER CR gt lt LF gt nt line end lt CR gt lt LF gt stands for any UUencode character that falls within the hex range HEX 21 to 60 M HEX 4D at the beginning of a data line designates the number of data bytes in this line equally UUencoded AD when decoded corresponds to the number HEX 2D 45 decimal By 4 3 UUencode conversion these 45 bytes are encoded in 60 60 45 3 x 4 ASCII characters following M except for the last line where only the last bytes typically less than 45 are encoded The example above contains E HEX 45 HEX 25237 decimal decoded which means that 37 bytes of raw data are following As a consequence of 4 3 encod ing rounded up to a multiple of four however they require 52 52 37 3 rounded x 4 ASCII characters Revision RO3 November 2014 43 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 44 The last line with end marks the termination of UUencode data An example of a file name in line 1 YYYYMMDDhhmmss location Device nc is 20060331123730 Jena CHMO06003 nc also refer to chapter 8 4 3 which means CHM060003 fabrication number in Jena data of 31 March 2006 at 12 37 30 If the device e g by means of an angle adapter placed
4. Emitter and receiver module laser optic module LOM Central processing board and related components Laser controller module Power supply 12 15 VDC for electronics Power transformator 48 VDC for highly shielded outdoor fan Blower amp heater Lightning amp overvoltage protection system for power cable LAN RS485 Each functional unit is of modular setup separately fixed to the inner casing shell and can be individually retrieved for replacement or necessary service work Revision RO3 November 2014 Technical Description Trigger board 6 4 2 1 Functional Chart Laser 59 59 gt Laser controller module 60 APD unit 29 Ref LED 7 Main controller 1 Battery opt Tm ou eater on 4 Power supply 12 115 WIC Surge arrester 54 g An ethernet 42 or DSL opt Mig sensor Surge arrester serial 48 49 Temperature sensor 58 RS 485 LAN DSL 12V supply X Signal line Communication line gt Laser LED beam Fig 2 Functional chart the numbers in brackets corresponds to the numbering in the spare parts list refer to service manual Figure 2 shows clearly that the Main controller is the central unit that monitors and controls all the sensors in operation Revision R03 November 2014 15 Technical Description 4 2 2 Measuring and monitoring The process monitoring is organized inside the FPGA an
5. jnstrument number Parameter changes the type of the instrument e g changes the service text of status codes The default number for Nimbus systems is 1 and for old CHM 15k systems 0 filestructure number Telegram files and NetCDF files are saved with a specific file structure and number of files in the predefined directory 0 means a daily files is gener ated 1 hourly files and 2 15 minute files are generated nostartdialog number The value 1 skips completely the start dialogue O just affects the input fields of the start dialog Fig 29 82 Revision RO3 November 2014 11211 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k JO DataClient Software Versions Software Description Published 2 35 Last version JO DataClient based on Labview 7 Dec 2010 which was limited to Windows 2000 XP 3 36 First issue base on Labview 10 tested for Windows March 2011 78 XP 3 44 NetCDf parameter added nn1 nn3 temp lom June 2011 default path name changed instrument variable added Nimbus service codes added RS 485 timing optimised 3 50 15 min amp 1 h telegram and NetCDF file storage inte september grated 2011 Parameter filestructure added in command line for autostartup procedure 0 24h 1 1h 2 15 min 3 51 small bug fixes in written daily NetCDf files February 2011 3 70 compatibility with new firmware 0 7x and new February NetCDF format fro
6. character Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Byte Value Description 189 3B HEX 190 fe Laser operating time h 196 5 3B HEX 197 BER Status Window 200 3B HEX 201 ord repetition rate of the laser PRF 5 digit 206 P 3B HEX 207 dida Status receiver 210 f 3B HEX 211 FER Status light source 214 3B HEX 215 EE Aerosol layer 1 220 3B HEX 221 Moto Aerosol layer 2 226 3B HEX 227 i Quality index Aerosol layer 1 Byte 228 3B HEX 229 z Quality index Aerosol layer 1 Byte 230 3B HEX 231 BCC base cloud cover 232 3B HEX 233 P TCC total cloud cover 234 3B HEX 235 er Checksum two s complement of the sum of bytes 0 239 expressed in hex code exclusive of 235 and 236 237 lt CR gt OD HEX 238 lt LF gt OA HEX 239 lt EOT gt 04 HEX Table 8 Format of extended data telegrams also refer to Table 9 any character For standard deviations quoted above the same exceptional NODET NODT NaN values are valid as for the corresponding reference parameters refer to chapter 8 3 3 NOTE For explanations regarding system parameters involved in data evaluation such as penetration depth refer to chapter 9 Term Explanatory note The outer temperature measured at the CHM s bottom face For precise measurement of outer temperature an error of 45
7. mand line parameters baud index Revision RO3 November 2014 81 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k Possible values of index can be 0 1200 baud 1 2400 baud 2 4800 baud 3 9600 baud default 4 19200 baud 5 38400 baud 6 57600 baud or 7 115200 baud com lt port gt Usually lt port gt is one of the serial ports ASRL1 INSTR default ASRL2 INSTR and so on Depending on the Labview environment on the host PC the alternative names COM1 COM2 may be available too device lt number gt The default value is 16 suitable for the factory default RS485 number of a CHM 15k measurepath path path specifies the main directory of locally saved raw data telegrams NetCDF Default path is D Measure ncpath filename filename specifies the full qualified filename i e including path of a required temporary NetCDF file for the decoding of raw data telegrams Therefore the user must have read and write access to this path Default filename is C WHM uudecode nc utcupdaterate hours Any positive value means that the internal CHM PC clock is synchronized with the client PC clock converted to UTC every hour hours Default value for hour is 0 i e no synchronization is done startseg number Defines a list of parameter queries in the start up process of the software 7 queries all parameter values t ransfermode logging time and fabname
8. C is permissible Readings are displayed in Kelvin x 10 External temperature Table 9 Terms in extended data telegram Revision R03 November 2014 41 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Temperature measured at the sensor displayed in Kelvin x 10 2 K Temperature measured at the sensor displayed in Kelvin x 10 2 K Inner temperature Detector temperature NN1 unassigned NN2 unassigned Laser operating time h Laser lifetime hours of operation Degree of contamination of glass panel in percent Optics status 100 transparent 0 opaque Laser pulse number Number of laser pulses in logging interval 7 digit For tracking of optical beam path and receiver status Receiver status 100 maximal sensitivity 0 sensitivity down to zero Evaluates lifetime and stability of the laser light source Light source status temperature current stability repetition rate 100 starting value lt 20 laser switches off Table 9 Terms in extended data telegram 8 3 5 Raw Data Telegram Raw data are output in NetCDF format that is explained in chapter 8 4 NetCDF is a binary format For tranfer via RS485 RS232 it has to be converted into 7 bit ASCII code 21 to 60 HEX range using UUencode to be able to handle special characters like lt STX gt or lt EOT gt The NetCDF file of a raw data set is about 14 kByte long UUencode transforma tion turns these into 20 kB of ASCII
9. If available the instrument will submit the DHCP address that can be used in a second step in a web browser to connect to the system Firefox Y t CHM Cloud H cht Meter lo Eu i Device Viewer NetCDF Files Config Sy Fig 11 Firefox browser to access to a CHM 15k Nimbus instrument here with a fixed address Revision R03 November 2014 27 Starting Up amp Shutting Down Please contact G Lufft GmbH for assistance and for the superuser pass word 7 5 Shutting Down Advanced users shall power off the system carefully to avoid any data loss 1 Users with software superuser privileges shall use the web interface login in as superuser and press SHUTDOWN SYSTEM at the data transfer panel the same command is available for the RS485 interface 2 Service trained persons may also open the inner housing door and press the white shut down button at the main controller check service manual for details Procedures 1 or 2 have the same effect The Linux based system is powered down and measuring data are saved on the local SD Card 3 Switch off the power supply E Users without superuser service privileges have to turn off the local H power supply directly To disassemble the CHM15k Cloud Height Meter and install it in another loca tion perform the sequence of working steps described in chapter 6 1 2 and chapter 6 2 in reverse order NOTE d In case of malfunction faults disconnect
10. ate haze and precipitation os Mixed layer height Pollution from sources at ground level is spreading to a height depending on atmospheric conditions The resulting aerosol layer are identified using a typical signature in the backscatter signal The mixed layer height can be determined by finding the lowest aerosol layer height The quality of the identified aerosol layers are strongly dependend on local con ditions and time Table 16 shows an index describing the quality of the identified aerosol layers with respect to high accuracy and low uncertainty Q Index description telegram not enough raw data for calculation 1 NetCDF telegram system hardware failure or system not ready 2 NetCDF telegram algorithm can t generate value 3 NetCDF 0 no layer detected index was not calculated in older firmware releases 1 layer can be detected but with a high uncertainty and low accuracy 9 layer can be detected with a high accuracy less than 50 m Table 16 Quality Index description of the aerosol layer height 64 Revision R03 November 2014 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA 9 9 Parameters for data evaluation A set of parameters controls the data evaluation routine The system dependend values are stored on the laser optical unit They are listed within the table 3 and table 4 Intensity Cloud height std deviation Threshold 20 Threshold Threshold
11. duplicated or disseminated with the help of elec tronic systems Any offence against these rules will be prosecuted Proper care was used in compiling this document No liability will be accepted in the event of damage resulting from failure to comply with information provided herein Revision R03 November 2014 WARRANTY AND ASSISTANCE This equipment is warranted by CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CANADA CORP CSC to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twenty four 24 months from date of shipment unless specified otherwise Batteries are not warranted CSC s obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing at CSC s option defective products The customer shall assume all costs of removing reinstalling and shipping defective products to CSC CSC will return such products by surface carrier prepaid This warranty shall not apply to any CSC products which have been subjected to modification misuse neglect accidents of nature or shipping damage This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose CSC is not liable for special indirect incidental or consequential damages Products may not be returned without prior authorization To obtain a Return Merchandise Authorization RMA contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CANADA CORP at 780 454 2505 An RMA number will be issued
12. visibility not calculated if cloud base 23000 m found Web Interface Viewer range scale cor rected NetCDF 3 for all critical calculation 0 718 errors in algorithm part Telegram 3 August 2013 from NetCDF is set to NODET 7 NetCDF data synchronization to SD Card set to 30 min parameter scale factor in different NetCDF variables corrected now handled as integer not as string any more different bug fixes memory leak fixed since 0 717 chm watchdog implemented NetCDF une range gate hr implemented manualPO PEPENE ARIZ device name und Rs485 number defined Status Bit 19 added Algorithm error when max range detection fails 0 722 additional laser protection for cold tem February 2014 peratures added scripts added for bug fix no empty addresses in network configuration file NetCDF bugfix to avoid problems in ctrl 0 723 process March 2014 support for new processor board 2015 test releases implementation of 10 m res August November olution in NetCDF files e g 2014 0 724 0 726 Table 25 Firmware Releases 92 Revision R03 November 2014 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig N AA oo Oo N VI P W m 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Illustrations LODGING erraten hehe 10 Functional c
13. 16 Reset 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt command the build in processor board is instructed to immediately perform a reboot A restart procedure takes less than a minute Before or unless it has finished communication with the CHM 15k is not possible The same applies to continu ously ongoing telegram outputs With a set lt SPACE gt 16 ResetSettings 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt command you can restore all parameters to their factory settings 8 2 5 Changing the logging time dt s date amp time set lt SPACE gt lt RS485 No gt dt s 30 lt CR gt lt LF gt The logging and reporting time is set to 30s The internal measurement time is always set to 1s The logging and reporting time must be multiple of one sec ond With the help of set lt SPACE gt 16 DateTime DD MM YYYY hh mm ss lt CR gt lt LF gt you can switch the date and time settings of the internal processing unit where DD means day MM month YYYY year hh hours mm minutes and ss seconds referenced to GMT zone Greenwich Mean Time Example set 16 DateTime 13 04 2006 17 22 46 lt CR gt lt LF gt will set 13 April 2006 as the date and 17 22 46 GMT as the exact time The terminal software JO DataClient has a build in update function for the time called utcupdaterate lt hours gt chapter 11 10 If the ceilometer is connected d to a WAN or LAN and the NTP option is active time settings over the serial inter faces shall be avoided 8 3 Data Queries RS485 At any time during
14. 24 CHM settings downloaded from web interface Revision RO3 November 2014 89 Annex Example for guerying a complete parameter list ModemMode 0 1 switch V24 modem on if available instead of RS232 ModemPhoneNumber 11 phone number modem has to dial Settings from EEPROM in the optical unit kk SerialOpticalUnit TUBO80022 TUByyxxxx LaserPower 50 0 100 in mw TbCalibration 206800 0 1e 7 scaling 1e 6 ApdBreakDown B68 0 500 LaserRate 6956 0 30000 TpRatio 53 not set in default config TpRatioSnr 58 not set in default config ApdTempGradient 2400 temperature gradient in mV K Settings not in default Config SlavelP 0 0 0 0 not used for CHM 15k Nimbus Information to current versions and life times Firmware 0 723 data processing version FPGA 02 13 FPGA version OS 13 12 1 operating system version LaserLifeTime 24147 in hours SystemLifeTime 43725 in hours Table 24 CHM settings downloaded from web interface 90 Revision RO3 November 2014 Annex CHM 15k Firmware Version C Annex CHM 15k Firmware Version This manual corresponds to the firmware version 0 704 for the CHM 15k Nimbus Future changes will be notified here Linux Kernel software version 12 12 1 FPGA software version 2 13 Firmware Descripti Published published releases SUL ublishe 0 1 base version Nov 2010 div bugs
15. 255 0 gateways 10 64 102 1 ntp server teltow2 update Network Configuration IPAddress 10 64 102 131 set Netmask 255 255 255 0 set Gateway 10 64 102 1 set restart network NtpMode 1 set NtpServer teltow2 set AFD Configuration AfdMode 0 set Download AFD dir config Upload new AFD dir_config Durchsuchen Keine Datei ausgew hlt send Fig 15 Web interface network configuration panel service mode The static IP address netmask and gateway can be changed to local network condi tions To save the settings in the Linux network configuration file and to use the new network settings the network has to be restarted The configuration panels in Fig 15 to Fig 19 are accessible for superuser or ser Dowe dmn Met Face um g Synem Conky Hetwors Cary RB Process Vera Maswi Information Nama Adress Notmask ind eg 10 64 10221 258 55 2550 wth 1 Mel 192 168 100 901 285 255 255 0 who2 10 64 102 DI 204 265 245 0 gxensjs 10 64 102 1 rto totem 1025011 ust Fig 16 Web interface config network in standard read only mode 54 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet vice engineers The different parameters are similar to those described in the sub sections like in the RS485 configuration section in chapter 8 1 Before switching on the AFD mode its configuration file has to setup carefully section 8 8 Figure 16 shows just the information of figure 15 which can be seen by any user Orice viewer NEC
16. Cloud Penetration Depth Determination of Maximum Detection Range Vertical opticalrange Precipitationandhaze Mixed layer height Parameters for data evaluation Cloud amount cloud cover BCC TCC Sky condition index SCI Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions CICAMING 2 20 sud ED ER hod Quee e ed OE ious be oe Maintenance Intervals amp Action Replacement of Air Dehumidifier Bag 67 Replacement of Rubber Seal 34 at Inner Door JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k Software Installation Convention for thefilenames Start alalog eso Casts beer tbe hera Cede bt Erw Communication tab 0000 cee eee eee RAW Data sae a aan pE u E a EA Telegram amp Cloud Layer Service Code eee Service amp Software Update General available controls or indicators Autostart and command line parameters JO DataClient Software Versions Revision R03 November 2014 Basic Information 1 Basic Information This User Manual provides the information that is reguired to operate the CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter lA Manual Structuring amp Layout Note The Manual consists o
17. OS 11671 Administration t 33682 0 Maar amavon time Code End user Fxtemal 64 Yaad ate Temper ature Internal 163 Temperature laat Zorn 10 64 102 49 12 1X11 11 10 5 System atu 00006000 vedete Fig 12 Web interface device menu in standard user mode The field is displayed as the first and shows status information A login as superuser or service user is available Figure 12 shows the start screen after a successful connection to the instrument start up procedure in section 7 2 In general the web interface does include the following right management End user can check the state of the instrument Super user can additionally download NetCDF files configure the instru ment download user manual and further configuration files Service user can update the firmware set the instrument serial number download the service manual and upload configuration files By entering a password in the Administration form field downloadable and configurable elements are enabled e g the IP network configuration Fig 15 The status info on device panel and the process warning panel are displaying warnings and errors updated once a minute Listed codes in the status info are corresponding to service codes in table 15 The process warning panel figure 20 contains more details for service people In super user or service mode the device panel contains buttons to switch off or restart the system Figure 13 shows the NetCDF f
18. Standard data telegram Extended data telegram Raw data telegram and make device settings as may be required Chapter 8 describes available com mands and their effects in detail Table 2 shows the most important commands that are necessary to perform sim ple function tests in routine mode M Reply Command Description seyn get lt SPACE gt 16 L lt CR gt lt LF gt Poll for extended data refer to chapter telegram 8 3 4 set lt SPACE gt 16 RNO 14 lt CR gt lt LF gt Changes RS485 number set 16 RNO 14 from 16 to 14 set lt SPACE gt 16 Baud 4 lt CR gt lt LF gt Sets baud rate to 19 200 set 16 Baud 4 set lt SPACE gt 16 dt s 15 lt CR gt lt LF gt Sets logging time set 16 dt s 15 to 15 seconds get lt SPACE gt 16 Lifetime h lt CR gt lt LF gt Queries laser operating get 16 Lifetime h time in hours Table 2 Essential commands for function testing examples On completion of simple function testing of the CHM 15k continue to operate the CHM 15k in polling mode or set it back to automatic transfer mode set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt Transfermode 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt Note This command refers to automatic transfer mode NOTE d Pay special attention to the baud rate setting for R 485 bus operation If you operate the system in raw data transfer mode you should set the baud rate at least 19 200 Baud for a short transmission time of telegrams 26 Revision RO3 November 2014 Start
19. aerosol or cloud layers can be assigned in terms of height and visibility levels can be determined The CHM 15k Nimbus working is based on a photon counting method Com pared to analog measurement techniques the benefits of this method are very high detection accuracy and sensitiveness which makes it particularly suited for applications using lidar technique This equally refers to the useful signal and to potential noise signals for example background light Engineering design features of the CHM 15k The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter is of compact design operational in climatic conditions as specified in Table 1 of modular setup 4 1 Setup of CHM 15k The CHM 15k is enclosed by a double shell casing of corrosion resistant alumin ium The purpose of the outer shell is to reduce and prevent potential external influences such as solar radiation wind rain snow from effecting the inner casing shell that carries the measuring unit There is a chimney effect between the outer shell and the inner shell to support this pro cess The top cover protects the inner casing shell from dirt and precipitation An opening for laser beam outlet and inlet is machined into this cover A parti tion panel inside the top cover separates the emitter module from the receiver module and an air deflector in the interior cover space directs the air stream from the two fans onto the glass panels in the inner casing shell The inner cas
20. amp write access necessary aa SA measure pat GIE ries N Fig 29 Start dialog window JO DataClient Revision R03 November 2014 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k The four input fields on the left side should be filled with appropriate values If the current baud rate of the connected CHM 15k is unknown then use the value 9600 which is the default baud rate A higher baud rate eg 38400 is recom mended for raw data transfer and could be changed later on see top figure 30 If you poll the CHM 15k many times with an incorrect baud rate the CHM 15k will automatically set its baud rate to the BaudrateAfterError value which is also predefined to 9600 Baud after one logging interval To go on With Cancel the program terminates With Continue the program will enter normal operation mode with five pages which are explained in the following sections 11 4 Communication tab end session X1TA 8 015 27 06 11 15 14 58 3 NODET NODET NODET Fig 30 Main page Communication where all actions are carried out The remaining four pages serve the monitoring of the measuring data as well as service information All control elements are placed on the left side of the page Responses of the Revision R03 November 2014 15 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k 76 CHM 15k can be read unfiltered in the display box CHM 15k answer The raw data part of raw data telegra
21. and standard telegram selected 29 20000000 Note Power save mode on 30 40000000 Note Standby mode on Table 15 Service codes status bits Bits are unassigned and set to 0 by default Accordingly a hexadecimal service code 0 indicates that the CHM 15k is fully operational 50 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 6 Firmware Update The CHM 15k Nimbus system can be updated via Ethernet interface WAN LAN connection Please check the web browser section below for details A supe ruser password is needed to perform such an update The original update service via the RS485 interface is no longer available Revision RO3 November 2014 51 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 52 8 7 Communication via Ethernet Web Interface The communication with the CHM 15k Nimbus using the Ethernet connection is a fast secure and system independent way Inside the instrument runs an Apache web server It enables a communication and configuration platform via web interface to handle firmware updates quick views of measuring results or downloading full day NetCDF raw data files Devce Viewer vet TE Faden Coreg Serem Conhig Network Config S485 Process Wamangs Il Status Status info Location Teton MAC 00 04 4 FF FO 04 System Time UTC Tue Dec 13 24 17 08 2011 anal Device CHM 1 Sic Senal Optics TLUBOSO0I2 Femwate 0 340 Dec 13 2011 11 05 47 chun get v02 12 2011 01 12
22. data that need to be transmitted With a baud rate setting of 9 6 kbps 1 2 kBps transmission takes about 16 seconds which results in the following additional restrictions on automatic raw data tele gram outputs as shown in table 10 SANA dam Baud rate kbps logging time interval dt s 0 1 2 Not available 1 2 4 Not available 2 4 800 240s 3 9 600 220s 4 19 200 210s 5 38 400 gt 5s 6 57 600 No further restrictions 7 115 200 No further restrictions Table 10 Additional restrictions Table 11 describes the structure of additional data in a raw data telegram 42 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Byte Value Description 0 238 Same as in extended data telegram for 3 cloud layers 239 CR OD HEX 240 lt LF gt OA HEX 241 eeee 5 Raw data in ASCII format UUencode Checksum two s complement of the sum of bytes 0 to eeee 4 TA eeee excluding bytes eeee 4 and eeee 3 expressed in eeee 3 hex code eeee 2 CR OD HEX eeee 1 lt LF gt OA HEX eeee lt EOT gt 04 HEX Table 11 Raw data telegram format 1 any character According to the UUencode standard lines containing raw data are organized as follows 1 line begin 644 YYYYMMDDhhmmss_ location _ device nc lt CR gt lt LF gt 2 line KKK kkk kkk kk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk M kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkk lt CR gt lt LF gt 3 line
23. details on operating states consult chapter 8 Revision R03 November 2014 17 Installation 6 Installation CAUTION There is danger of mechanical damage A The owner operator of the CHM 15k will be responsible for dimensioning and manufacturing a concrete base This mounting base must be properly sized to withstand the lasting strain that is caused by the equipment s own weight and by external influences CAUTION There is danger of mechanical damage A The device must not be opened during work for setting up or starting up in order to prevent the penetration of dirt or humidity If opening becomes necessary e g following a malfunction work of this kind may only be performed by duly instructed personnel The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter is assembled and fixed on a suitably sized concrete foundation Levelling screws are integrated with the bottom of the support legs to allow for vertical adjustment and hence vertical adjustment of the measuring unit 6 1 Installing the CHM 15k 6 1 1 Preparatory Work Before CHM 15k installation may begin diameter 12 holes and dowels 4 dowels included in delivery have to be made and inserted in accordance with the drill ing template Fig 4 Make sure that the outer door is properly oriented for power connections to the power box of the operator Revision RO3 November 2014 19 Installation 20 Fig 4 Drilling template Drilling template Holes 15 mm in diameter for m
24. in order to facilitate Repair Personnel in identifying an instrument upon arrival Please write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping container Include description of symptoms and all pertinent details CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CANADA CORP does not accept collect calls Non warranty products returned for repair should be accompanied by a purchase order to cover repair costs CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC Campbell Scientific Canada Corp 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton AB T5L 4X4 780 454 2505 fax 780 454 2655 campbellsci ca 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 4 1 4 2 4 2 1 4 2 2 6 1 6 1 1 6 1 2 6 2 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 8 1 8 2 8 2 1 8 2 2 8 2 3 8 2 4 8 2 5 8 3 8 3 1 8 3 2 8 3 3 8 3 4 8 3 5 8 3 6 Content Basic Information 5 Manual Structuring amp Layout Note 5 Intended Use obser BO ae ee fale eee Da Sd ER 5 Safety 7 Standards amp Directives IA GE EG teens 7 General Safety Measures 7 Safety Notes Regarding the Laser System 7 Requirements an Personnel 8 Safety Notes Regarding Transportation Installation Commissioning amp Cleaning 8 Safety Labelling 2 4 run a rar ER EE OE ee untere 9 UserlM nual 2 3a WE BREER ARE BEE ira de ee Sede ar na DAE APER E DER DR te 9 CHM 15K 34 408 EE EE
25. month on which the data was recorded short month The month in which the data was recorded for example Jan uary 1 short year The year in which the data was recorded text location Location site of measurement text title Heading for graphical representation e g Lindenberg 1064 nm Cloud Height Meter CHM 15k text devicename Serial number device name of the instrument text source see devicename left for historical reasons text institution Institution or company text software_version Linux kernal FPGA software Firmware text comment Descriptive comment text SerLOM Serial number of LOM Table 14 Global attributes in NetCDF Revision RO3 November 2014 49 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 5 Service Codes Table 15 explains the meaning of each bit in a 31 bit service code string The 31 bit service code string is contained in characters 83 to 90 91 to 99 of the stand ard extended data telegram and in the raw data telegram as an eight digit hex adecimal number table 8 and 11 A bit in unset state means that the corre sponding part works properly A bit in set state suggests an error warning or indicates that initialization is still underway e g shortly after turning power on Bit HEX code Description 0 00000001 Error Signal quality 1 00000002 Error Signal recording 2
26. operation the CHM 15k is in one of the following transfer modes as shown in table 6 Revision R03 November 2014 35 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 36 Transfer Mode Meaning Data telegrams are output on special request Automatic output of standard data telegram Automatic output of extended data telegram Automatic output of raw data telegram Automatic output of user specified data telegrams available vis Ethernet interface and web interface LW N Oo 4 Table 6 Summary table of transfer modes Changes in transfer mode can be made with the help of set commands as described in chapter 8 2 2 or by using the web interface For example set lt SPACE gt 16 TransferM ode 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt will activate the standard transfer mode automatic output of standard data tele gram that had been factory set before shipment of the device 8 3 1 Polling Mode The command set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt TransferM ode 0 lt CR gt lt LF gt will turn on polling mode while turning off automatic telegram output mode which may have been active until that moment The following three commands get lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt S lt CR gt lt LF gt get lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt L lt CR gt lt LF gt get lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt A lt CR gt lt LF gt can now be used for a single standard telegram S a single extended data tele gram L or a single raw data telegram A polling action Refe
27. rected signal signal raw Ip b c o r p cal r Lidar backscatter raw data with 215 m res olution normalized and range corrected Ip laser pulses b baseline c scaling o r overlap function p cal calibration signal float beta raw hr time range hr units unitless long name normalized range cor rected signal signal raw Ip b c o r p cal r Lidar backscatter with 25 m resolution raw data normalized and range corrected int error ext time long name 31 Bit ServiceCode units unitless Standard status bit sequence Service codes described n chapter 8 5 short state optics time long name transmission of optics units percent Optics quality index in percent short temp int time long name internal temperature in K 10 units K scale factor 10 Inner casing temperature Kelvin x 10 short temp ext time long name external temperature in K 10 units K scale factor 10 Outer casing temperature Kelvin x 10 short temp det time long name detector temperature in K 10 units K scale factor 10 Detector temperature Kelvin x 10 Table 13 Variables in NetCDF Revision R03 November 2014 47 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 48 short temp lom time long name laser optic module temper ature in K 10 units K scale factor 10 Laser optic module
28. s complement formed over the whole response line excluding the two characters 3F themselves in accordance with the established protocol response format refer to chapter 8 3 3 to 8 3 5 Revision RO3 November 2014 33 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 2 2 Setting a parameter A command line like set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt lt ParameterName gt lt Value gt lt CR gt lt LF gt can change a desired configuration parameter The successful completion of a change in parameter setting is reported via lt STX gt set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt lt ParameterName gt lt Value gt lt ASCII Two s complement gt lt CR gt lt LF gt lt EOT gt If lt Value gt is found to be within permissible limits the newly set value lt NewValue gt meets this requirement If an entry is found to be above the upper limit or below the lower limit the permitted maximum or minimum value will be applied instead With alphanumerical entries the default value will be applied as lt Value gt Example Following a command set 16 Unit m ft ft lt CR gt lt LF gt or in short form set 16 UNT ft lt CR gt lt LF gt all range data in a telegram will be indicated in feet ft instead of meter m Since Unit m ft provides a switching option lt STX gt set 16 Unit m ft ft 2 A lt CR gt lt LF gt lt EOT gt is output for confirmation 2A is the checksum value of the response line 8 2 3 Change in Baud Rate Changes in the baud rate are a s
29. set query NTP time server address PelTierMode PTM 1 0 1 1 PowerSaveMode PM 0 NT be set in actual firmware 0 1 Reset RST 0 Reboot of the CHM embedded sys tem refer to chapter 8 2 4 0 1 ResetSettings RSG 0 Reset to factory defaults refer to chapter 8 2 4 web interface set to factory defaults Table 3 list of configurable device parameter can be set in service mode 2can be set in the web interface only 3 can be set in terminal RS485 30 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet short standard A Parameter nam ran hort ription arameter name ng value ange short descriptio 0 1 writes new settings in network ReStartNetwork RSN 0 configuration file and restarts the net work Ros Number RNO 16 0 99 used in RS485 chains old devicenumber Sane edes sMo lo 0 1 switches to servicemode to modify critical values STandBy STB 0 0 1 SHuTdown SHT 0 1 shutdown CHM system TimeOutRs485 s TOR 30 5 3600 TimeZoneoffsetHours TZH 0 12 12 hours e g CET is 1 used to control window blower TransferMOde TMO 0 0 9 TransferModeaf TIME 10 0 9 terError 0 500000 set voltage for APD in LAFD manual APD modes mV UNiT m ft UNT m m ft UseALtitude UAL 0 0 1 0 90 degree x 100 0 vertical ZEE zei handled as integer Table 3 list of configurable device parameter can be set in service mode c
30. solved extended web interface 23 new commands for blowermode Mer 20 0 450 bugs in cloud amount algorithm solved May 2011 bugs in cloud amount algorithm solved restart shutdown process corrected N corrupt NetCDF files solved ntpd imple Unesco mented 0 535 AFD ftp functionality implemented HV Sept 2011 control modified bug fixes Web Interface redesigned processing 0 550 issues corrected manual version 10 bug Dec 2011 fixes large update including FPGA linux Kernel AFD options added AFD layout changed to avoid memory errors Warnings Error Status code Detector sig 0 556 nal control added memory warning added April 2012 to status code bit 22 temperature measur ing issues fixed Acquisition changes compatibility with polarization lidar fancontrol modified range vector corrected for speed of light in air cloud preview removed from web inter 0 590 face small bug fixes fan control tempera May 2012 ture control AFD config improved manual JO large update new improved SCA based on new calibration method for Nimbus instru 0 704 ments NetCDF format changed e g new February 2013 parameter added for near field embedded Linux amp file system changed Table 25 Firmware Releases Revision R03 November 2014 91 Annex CHM 15k Firmware Version Network configuration updated cloud algorithm in rare cases dloud base eguals O m caused by division by zero
31. 00000004 Error Signal values null or void 3 00000008 Error Signal recording error channel 2 not used for Nimbus 4 00000010 Error Create new NetCDF file 5 00000020 Error Write add to NetCDF 6 00000040 Error RS485 telegram can not be generated transmitted 7 00000080 Error Mount SD card faile test write to raw buffer 8 00000100 Error Detector high voltage control failed cable defect or absent 9 00000200 Error Inner housing temperature out of range 10 00000400 Error Laser optical unit temperature error 11 00000800 Error Laser trigger not detected 12 00001000 Warning Laser driver board temperature 13 00002000 Error Laser interlock 14 00004000 Error Laser head temperature 15 00008000 Warning Replace Laser ageing 16 00010000 Warning Signal quality low signal noise level 17 00020000 Warning Windows contaminated 18 00040000 Warning Signal processing 19 00080000 not used 20 00100000 Warning File system fsck repaired bad sectors 21 00200000 Warning RS485 baud rate transfer mode reset 22 00400000 Warning AFD 23 00800000 Warning configuration problem 24 01000000 Warning Laser optical unit temperature 25 02000000 Warning External temperature 26 04000000 Warning Detector temperature out of range 27 08000000 Warning General laser issue 28 10000000 Note NOL 3
32. 006 95 EC and the Directive of Electromagnetic Compatibility 2004 1 08 EC Folgende harmonisierte Normen wurden ber cksichtigt The following harmonized standards were considered EN 61010 1 2001 Sicherheitsbestimmungen f r elektrische Mess Steuer Regel und Laborger te Teil 1 Allgemeine Anforderungen Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Part 1 General requirements EN 61326 1 2006 Elektrische Mess Steuer Regel und Laborger te EMV Anforderungen Teil 1 Allgemeine Anforderungen Electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use EMC requirements Part 1 General requirements Folgende sonstige technische Normen Spezifikationen wurden ber cksichtigt The following other standards specifications were considered EN 60825 1 2007 Sicherheit von Laser Einrichtungen Teil 1 Klassifizierung von Anlagen Anforderungen und Benutzer Richtlinien Safety of laser products Part 1 Equipment classification requirements and user s guide Jena 2010 11 15 Hl WA WA VUL Dr Frank Reichel Ronald Kahn Gesch ftsbereichsleiter Qualitatsmanagement Vice President Quality Management ESW GmbH Geschaltsberech Sensonk Prussingstrae 41 07745 kena Telelon 49 3641 65 3041 Fax 3 73 www genopti comas Gesch ftsf hrer Wiele Hatdich Dr Hans J rgen Kunstreich Dresdner Bani AG Hamburg BLZ 200 800 00 Kto 611 007 100 BIC DRES DE FF 200 IB
33. 16 1 e g he must install a connection box Installed connections must be in accordance with the valid national regulations A power connection box may be installed directly beside the CHM 15k or at a distance lt 3 meters Electrical connection of the CHM 15k requires non detachable cabling as fol lows 10 mm grounding cable 1 pole green yellow 3 meters 2 Data cable RS 485 A conductor green B conductor red earth ground cable shield 3 meters 3 Data cable LAN The cable is equipped with a standard RJ45 plug to con nect to a remote computer hub or switch standard length 5 or 10m 4 230 V supply power supply neutral conductor blue conductor brown grounding conductor green yellow 3 meters Revision R03 November 2014 23 Installation 24 Lightning protection Computer Mains cir weather station cuit breaker Fig 10 Principal diagram Revision RO3 November 2014 Starting Up amp Shutting Down 7 Starting Up amp Shutting Down ZA Starting Up with serial connection RS485 Preconditions The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter has been installed in a conforming man ner The control cable RS485 ground cable and power cable 230 V are con nected For communication checks a terminal program e g a hyper terminal work ing under Windows is available It has been configured for communication as follows Baud rate 9 600 Data bits 8 Parity none Stop bits 1
34. 2 3 BaudAfterError Standard baud rate after communication error refer to chapter 8 2 3 BlowerM ode Used to test the window blower and to set them into different operation modes For example quiet during night The parameter Time Zone offset Hours must be set correctly because the system itself operates in UTC time 0 hourly and weather dependent 1 no hourly from 22 to 6 o clock 2 off from 22 to 6 o clock 3 always on 4 always off DateTime Set date and time refer to chapter dt s logging time in automatic more identical to reporting time A decrease in time resolution corresponding to an increase in dt will cause more photon pulses shots to be averaged over time and yields an improvement in signal to noise performance An increase by a factor of n results in an improvement by a factor of the root of n All raw data which is found to be within a given time window dt s will be involved in evaluation There is no single data selection option available DeviceName FabName The product designation CHM combined with serial number of a given device e g CHM060001 IgnoreChars Variable contains 8Bit ASCII codes will be ignored by the CHM 15k The ASCII codes have to coded as 2 character HEX code e g 06 corresponds to sack Only HEX codes will be evaluated Institution The name of the institution or company Lasermode LaserPower Laser Power in mW Latitude The latitude of a given location in decim
35. 3 November 2014 21 Installation Fig 7 Transporting by sack barrow Fig 8 Position for raising 4 Place the CHM 15k in the mounting position vertical onto its concrete base As you do this pay attention to the outer door position in relation to the local power connection box see Fig 4 5 Use the washers and screws supplied to pre assemble the CHM 15k see Fig 9 so it is preliminarily fixed on its concrete base 22 Revision RO3 November 2014 Installation es gt Concrete mounting base P 1 Fig 9 Fasteners 12 dowel x5 mm levelling screw integrated into the device foot DIN 571 10 x 140 ZN screw ISO 7093 10 5 A2 washer ISO 7093 10 5 KST PA washer Ui BU N 6 Turn the levelling screws integrated with the support legs until the CHM 15k is properly aligned in a vertical direction using a water level placed onto a side wall or the front face 7 Tighten fastening screws nuts 6 2 Electrical Installation CAUTION There is risk of damaging the Cloud Height Meter A Work for connection of the CHM 15k to electric power supply may only be carried out by an electrician of ESW GmbH or another specialist elec trician Failure to comply will void any claims of guarantee or warranty NOTE It is the operator s responsibility to create all preconditions that are i required for CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter connections according to EN 610
36. 4 Transportation amp Scope of Delivery 5 Transportation 8 Scope of Delivery CAUTION Danger of damage A The CHM 15k may only be transported and moved with the help of suit able lifting gear and an appropriate means of transportation The CHM 15k may only be loaded and transported in packaged condition and in the transporting position see Fig 5 Inside its shipping container the CHM 15k must be adequately protected against slipping shock stroke or other mechanical impacts The scope of delivery includes CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter Drilling template Fastener components 4 S12 wallplug anchor e g from Fischer 4 DIN 571 10 x 140 ZN screws 4 ISO 7093 10 5 KST PA washers 4 ISO 7093 10 5 A2 washers User manual and device software If requested by the customer an adapter frame can be delivered together with the equipment to allow the CHM 15k to be screwed onto prepared fastening bolts Angle adapters e g for 15 are also available upon request mm or 7 16 BSF or 3 8 Wworth Instead of M10 screw an imperial 3 8 or Imperial units information Spanner wrench size for 4x M 10 screws 18 H 25 64 might be used together with appropriate anchors Please contact G Lufft GmbH for further technical details Operating state at the time of CHM 15k product delivery Transfer mode 1 Automatic output of standard data telegram Device code device 16 Baud rate 9 600 Duration of measurement 30 seconds For further
37. AN DESI 2008 0000 0511 0071 00 Ust Ident Hr DE 812506425 HSH Nordbank AG Kaal BLZ 210 500 00 Kto 3 0035 39 BICHSHN DE HH IAN DETT 2105 0000 0053 0035 39 Registergeneht Pinneberg HB 4160 Revision R03 November 2014 96 G LUFFT Mess und Regeltechnik GmbH Lufft Germany Fellbach Office Postal Address Gutenbergstrasse 20 D 70736 Fellbach Address PO Box 4252 D 70719 Fellbach Tel 49 0 711 51822 0 Fax 49 0 711 51822 41 www lufft com info lufft de Berlin Office Oderstr 59 D 14513 Teltow Phone 49 711 51822 831 Fax 4971151822 944 Lufft North America Lufft USA Inc 820 E Mason St A Santa Barbara CA 93103 Tel 01 919 556 0818 Fax 01 805 845 4275 E Mail sales lufftusainc com www lufft com Lufft China Shanghai Office Lufft Shanghai Measurement amp Control Technology Co Ltd Room 507 amp 509 Building No 3 Shanghai Yinshi Science and Business Park No 2568 Gudai Road Minhang District 201199 Shanghai CHINA Tel 86 21 5437 0890 Fax 86 21 5437 0910 E Mail china lufft com www lufft cn Beijing Office B501 Jiatai International Mansion No 41 East 4th Ring Road Chaoyang District 100025 Beijing CHINA Tel 486 10 65202779 Fax 86 10 65202789 E Mail china lufft com
38. Contig 85495 Process Warrengs Process Warnings Detected as Detected as Code Description Occured Last ext trror Warning amp rror Warning Detected Parom no anor detected wete AND Statws Transfecred Files 1a Transferred File Size 2004202 files n Queue 0 Fie Size i Queue Number of Connectans 13 Time of last Connection Tue Dec 13 14 15 01 2011 Time of last Retry Tue Dec 13 11 01 04 2011 Log Spxce Used AFD Work De Used 51 Errors Total Errors 0 Error Courter b Error rest er 006 Transfer success 000 gt Transfer success 000 gt Transfer success 000 gt Transfer success 000 gt Transfer suctess wie Fig 20 Web interface process warnings and error log AFD status is only visible if AFD mode is on Bal Time Server A ntpd Linux job is implemented in the Linux system Figure 15 In the configu ration file ntpd conf the time servers are listed One time server is pre config ured ptbtime1 ptb de If the system can detect a time server it will be used immediately The user should avoid automatic time settings using the date time command RS485 and the ntpd process via Ethernet at the same time 8 8 AFD Mode The advanced file distribution system AFD is supported since firmware 0 52 It is used to send out measured data in NetCDf format to a ftp server automati cally AFD is using the Ethernet interface It can be enabled in the web interface figure 15 in superuser mode A configu ration file call
39. Flow control none DANGER Laser radiation There is danger of eye injury A Once power is on the CHM 15k emits invisible laser radiation Don t directly look into the laser beam Under no circumstances may the laser beam be observed using optical instruments field glasses Starting conditions After the on site mains circuit breaker has been turned into power on position the CHM 15k will start up by itself It will be fully operational after a temperature adjustment phase of varying length Depending on outdoor temperatures this phase may last from a few minutes to one hour at 40 C below zero NOTE Following a short time power failure for a few seconds no warming up H phase is required The CHM 15k will be fit for use again after two min utes Communication with the CHM 15k will be possible if a minimum temperature of 0 C is reached in its inner space System state query via RS485 Operating state of the CHM 15k at the time of delivery Automatic output of standard data telegram RS485 ID number 16 Baud rate 9 600 Measuring time 30 seconds For further detailed information about operating states refer to chapter 8 Revision R03 November 2014 25 Starting Up amp Shutting Down For testing of communication use a set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt Transfermode 0 lt CR gt lt LF gt command It will switch to polling mode Working in this mode you are able to test the following three types of telegram
40. OF Files Config System Config Network Config R5485 Process Wamings Parameter current Value new Value DeviceName CHM15kJ01 zat Location Teltow zs Inst uhon Lum Ael Comment Cpu551 iet Longitude 12230240 aa Lattuga 52400228 a0 Zenith 0 iet Anmuth 0 zat Atude 0 ast UseAlitude 0 sel LoggingTime 15 det unit 0 e Layer 3 sot TimeZoneoffs etHours 1 ast BlowerMode 0 am RangeDim 1024 sot UAFO 0 iet DA aa OMOGE 3 ket To fuode 0 aut LasarModa 1 ger PemerMode 1 Pd PowerSaieMode 0 ac Standoy 0 tel Bac scafterkar 40000000 iet Fig 17 Web interface config system upper part in service mode access on system configuration parts In superuser mode some parameters are not listed for security reasons Fig 18 firmware updates can be uploaded in super user mode New firmware files are packed as protected zip files The packages can not be modified by the user New firmware releases are still published at the Jenoptik sftp server Until 2015 a new server from Lufft will publish new releases too Before updating the firmware consult the readme files and Lufft engineers or advanced service users Revision R03 November 2014 55 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet UTC Time asi Format MuDDHHmoemYYYY LE 0651013152010 for Jun 10 13 16 09 20104 Drantaad current settings Determine Raterence yausi Eormat SD card Update firmware Ourchsuchen Keine Datei ausgew hlt send ppt semnas lo factory getautta t factors dat Upioad new s
41. ON OR Ge dU Ya nb nd d Fa V IA 10 Technical Data 11 Technical Description 13 Setup of CHM SR chee Gos ede Se whe ee se OT OE CREE eh ebd 13 Functional units in inner casing space 14 Functional Chart as ES ROER ER REG E RAR GR EOS ERE Seth EDE Rp e deb n LES 15 Measuring and monitoring seses EE EE EE tee ee 16 Transportation amp Scope of Delivery 17 Installation 19 Installing the CHM 15K aucun SEER re eto EES ROSE DAS RERO He NEE de pio aca 19 Preparatory Work cs gs elude to ENE ER DE RE EE Be Nie Eb Pe ge bod uw eye erg EE 19 Installation on the MountingBase 20 Electrical Installation ssl bs ok ege ee em ae RR AE RR p Reed 23 Starting Up amp Shutting Down 25 Starting Up with serial connection RS485 25 Starting Up with LAN connection sure ee net 27 Shutting DOWN is oe ea AE aoe 28 Disposal EE RO IE OOREEN EO OE es IE EE SR AT 28 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 29 List of configurable instrument parameters 29 Instrument Configuration using RS 485 interface 33 Reading a parameter iesus erede dy e Pope ER ee ce bade eee ER 33 Setting a parameter AA ES GE Ee lll rns 34 Change iMm Baud Rate se ge RR Ce HOUR Eae eae ee ea due Del 34 Reboot of embedded linux system reset to factory settings 35 Changin
42. Software Update JO DataClient contains no longer a firmware update feature Please use the web interface of the WAN LAN or DSL interface for firmware updates There is an additional button get all parameters on this page All parameters of the CHM 15k will be saved into the local text file Its name is displayed automat ically after you pressed the get all parameters button Merge Raw writes the sequential acquisition of the NetCDF raw data files to disk It is possible to switch off this function 11 9 General available controls or indicators At the bottom line of the window there are three light indicators Revision RO3 November 2014 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k RS485 send Normally this light should only blink for a short moment while sending commands An exception is a running software update where large blocks of data will be sent to the CHM 15k in this case this light shines for some seconds RS485 receive This light shines while receiving data from CHM 15k Dur ing this period send actions like set get variables must not be done because there is only a half duplex RS485 connection to the CHM 15k so simultaneous sending and receiving is not possible RS485 check sum Each answer of CHM 15k telegram or set get com mand confirmation is closed by two checksum bytes complement of two The result of check is indicated by this light green ok red fail ure There are two button
43. aces 20 HEX Table 7 shows the exact structure of the message format Byte Value Description 0 lt STX gt 02 HEX 1 X 2 1 3 4 TA 5 SPACE 20 HEX 6 8 7 SPACE 20 HEX 8 10 EFR Output interval s 11 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 12 19 d eS Date dd mm yy 20 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 21 25 ve Time hh mm 26 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 27 31 TEREE 15 cloud layer 32 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 33 37 ven 2 cloud layer 38 SPACE 20 HEX 39 43 HERES 3 d cloud layer 44 SPACE 20 HEX 45 48 KERA Laser beam penetration depth into 1 cloud layer 49 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX Table 7 Standard data telegram format any character Revision RO3 November 2014 37 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 38 Byte Value Description 50 53 idu Laser beam penetration depth into 2 cloud layer 54 SPACE 20 HEX 55 58 ra Laser beam penetration depth into 3 cloud layer 59 SPACE 20 HEX 60 64 et Vertical visibility 65 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 66 70 FRERE Maximum detection range 71 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 72 75 wa Cloud height offset parameter altitude m 76 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 77 78 Ft m lt SPACE gt Unit of measure ft m 79 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 80 81 ida Precipitation index 82 SPACE 20 HEX n System status and messages flags may take on 0 or 1 83 90 state 91 lt SPACE gt 20 HEX 92 93 Checksum tw
44. age limit 3600 exec d bzip2 s Every 15 minute bzip compressed files are transferred to a directory specified by subdirectory hostname year month Hostname 96h is the instrument name like CHM060001 year 96tY and month tm are specified by the instrument time settings A double slash after the IP address indicates that the path starts from root directory a single slash that it starts from the ftp home directory A ftp path in a windows directory may look like this ftp afd eXample 162 168 1 51 h tY tm The file will be stored in the home directory of the ftp server in the sub path 96h 96tY 96tm The command time sends out the 5 min NetCDF file immediately when it is generated Revision R03 November 2014 59 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 60 8 9 Telegram over Ethernet The software implementation over the Ethernet interface provides also a method to receive data telegrams The raw data telegram described in 8 3 5 can be polled On Windows operating systems the Nmap Ncat binaries can be downloaded and installed form the server http nmap org ncat The web page provides also various binaries and source codes for other operating systems After installation and setup the data telegram can be accessed by entering the polling command ncat lt IP address gt lt Port gt For example ncat 192 168 100 101 11000 or the old release from ncat netcat 192 168 100 101 11000 The port numbe
45. al download option for the parameter file Parameter Value AfdMode 1 Altitude m 36 ApdBreakDown 368 ApdControlMode 3 Azimuth 0 000000 Baud 5 BaudAfterError 5 BlowerMode 0 CHMTest 0 DateTime 10 04 2012 13 55 25 DeviceName 16 DeviceType CHM15k dt s 15 FabName CHM090104 Gateway 10 64 102 1 IgnoreChars 06 Institution Lufft IPdhcp 10 64 102 36 IPAddress 10 64 102 136 Table 23 Example of the parameter list received over RS485 interface using the command get 16 parameter 86 Revision R03 November 2014 Annex Example for guerying a complete parameter list Parameter Value LaserPower 50 Latitude 52 000000 Layer 3 Lifetime h 16355 Location Teltow Longitude 13 238620 MaxCrossTalkChars 5 Netmask 255 255 255 0 NtpMode 1 NtpServer 10 250 1 1 PowerSaveMode 0 ServiceMode 0 SerLom TUB080022 SetPeltier 1 Standby 0 SystemLifetime h 4763 TBCalibration 0 206800 TimeOutRS485 s 30 TimeZoneOffsetHours 1 TransferMode 3 TransferModeAfterError 1 UApd 1 Unit m ft m UseAltitude 0 Zenith 0 000000 VersionLinux 121201 VersionFPGA 213 VersionFirmware 704 Table 23 Example of the parameter list received over RS485 interface using the command get 16 parameter Revision R03 November 2014 87 Ann
46. al numbers Sample value for Berlin 52 51833 corresponds 52 31 6 N Layer Number of Layer No of cloud layers displayed in extended telegram and NetCDF file Layer set the number of layers in the cloud telegram Lifetime h For querying of operating counter state of the laser lifetime Location Set query the location where the instrument is used The name is restricted Longitude The longitude of a given location in decimal numbers where east erly is defined as positive orientation Sample value for Berlin 13 40833 corresponds to 13 24 30 E MaxCrossTalkChars Sets a Number of characters the CHM 15k will ignore within TimeOutRS485 s if they are receives in a fragmentary string which may be a query not ended with lt EOT gt 04 HEX CR OD HEX lt LF gt OA HEX The Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet parameter is included to prevent the ceilometer to fall back in its standard baud rate caused by noise on unstable communication lines Parameters For querying of a complete parameter list see Annex B for details RS485Number Designates the identification number in a bus system which is required to address a given device via a data port Standby Turns off laser heater and blower TimeOutRS485 s Set time interval within MaxCrossTalkChars and BaudAfterError is reacting standard 305 TransferM ode Refer to chapter 8 3 1 to 8 3 5 Unit m ft sets dimensions
47. an be set in the web interface only 3 can be set in terminal RS485 Short Default ETE Parameter CMD value Description APDBreakdown UBR 400000 voltage value for comparison mV ApdTempGradient TCO 2400 value for comparison HV K IPDhcp IPD IP address DHCP LAserPower LAP 50 laser power value for comparison LifeTime h LT of hours the laser diode is in opera tion Param t r delivers a list of all parameters availa ble in RS 485 mode serial number of laser optical serLOM LOM TUByyxxxx module LOM YN Total running hours of the SystemLifeTime h SLT CHM system TBCalibration TBC scaling factor against reference VersionFPGA VFP firmware FPGA T firmware version ELF ud data processing and handling VersionLinux VLI Linux Kernel Version Table 4 Read only parameters accessible via RS485 interface Revision R03 November 2014 31 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 32 Explanatory notes relating to table 3 AFDM ode Switch on off the advanced file distribution system via LAN WAN DSL see http www dwd de AFD for further information or section 8 8 Altitude m Indicates altitude of measurement location above sea level in meters In NetCDF files the parameter CHO cloud base offset is used It logical combines the var iables altitude and usealtitude Azimuth Indicates horizontal angle in degrees Baud For changes in baud rate refer to chapter 8
48. andard telegram does not contain the information of the instrument name of the instrument Without additional queries the name is set to CHMstndrd The instrument name can be set by querying for the device name old fabname or for all parameter in the start sequence form field or within the autostart process generated path DEVICE YYYY mn Daily ASCII telegram files DEVICE YYYY MM DD dat filestructure 20 7 Hourly ASCII telegram files filestructure 1 15 min ASCII telegram files filestructure 2 dd DEVICE_YYYY MM DD hh dat dd DEVICE_YYYY MM DD_hhmm dat Raw data file lee etd YYYYMMDD location DEVICE nc Raw data file esteties dd YYYYMMDD_hh location DEVICE nc Raw data file lestructure 2 dd YYYYMMDD_hhmm_ location _DEVICE nc Table 21 Convention of DataClient file names 11 3 Start dialog For the JO DataClient a start dialogue exists to configure the instrument section 11 3 Furthermore an autostart mode exists to avoid the pop up of the start dia logue The command line parameters and the pre installed autostart cmd exam ple file are explained in section 11 10 Immediately afters start the following dialog window appears Please fill in the following RS485 connection parameters com RS232 RS485 converter com port Pa Instrument D 5960 00 current baud rate of connected CHM15k 2mm Time mc y ENE Ters deed AA Dir recen necessary full read
49. ation axis range float range_hr units m The distance from the CHM 15k in meter long name high resolution distance independently of altitude of the instrument from lidar location axis range hr float altitude units m The altitude of the measurement location long name altitude of ceilometer above sea level above mean sea level Table 13 Variables in NetCDF 46 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet float azimuth units degree_clockwise long_name laser direction of site The azimuth angle of the pointing direction of the laser on site float zenith units degree long_name laser direction of site The zenith angle of the pointing direction of the laser on site Used if an tilting adapter plate is used for 5 or 15 degrees float wavelength units nm long name laser wavelength The laser wavelength in nm here 1064 int laser pulses time long name number of laser pulses per record Ip units unitless The number of laser pulses averaged in one measurement float range gate long name length of range gate bin width units m The spatial resolution of measurement int average time time long name average time per record units ms The time over which averaging is per formed float beta raw time range units unitless long name normalized range cor
50. d therefore independend from the Linux based ARM processor Measurement starts tO Measurement stops 15 temperatures signal quality New initialization of APD APD voltage is checked reset if necessary trans fer of error codes and warnings Measurement and system performance okay Fig 3 Flowchart of measuring and monitoring processes inside the FPGA Figure 3 shows a standard measurement cycle On completion of each measure ment cycle 1s data are checked and status parameters are evaluated If a value is found to be out of tolerance or if a hardware error occurs the standard meas urement cycle will be re initialized Cyclic standard measurement is monitored by an extra routine within the FPGA The state of the receiver depends on the results of monitoring noise level supply voltage and dc current with and without a test pulse Due to its internal setup the light source is essentially characterized by the pulse repetition rate which may decrease because of light source aging The pulse rate is subject to monitor ing For pulse rates below 4 5 kHz an error message is generated The light pulse reflection from the window panel is also analyzed to monitor the window contamination All obtained values are output in an extended data telegram or inside the NetCDF files The standard data telegram contains approximate information about the service code refer to chapter 8 5 16 Revision RO3 November 201
51. determination another pre processing step will taken into account which is shown in figure 22 It shows an example of the time average used to determine clouds in different altitudes from the range corrected backscatter sig nal The values where the time average starts to where it stops here in the fig ure 3000m 6000m depends on the focus of usage of the ceilometer averaging time 300 i 250 200 150 100 50 time s 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 distance m Fig 22 Example for a time average used to calculate cloud bases in different altitudes 9 3 Cloud ceilings cloud base heights After successful pre processing the averaged backscatter profile is used to iden tify cloud echoes rain fog aerosol layers and discriminate these events from each other Figure 23 show a daily color coded intensity plot where all layers with a signifi cant backscatter value marked black The algorithm identifies rain and aerosol in these structures and calculates in a next step cloud bases and penetration depths 20120016 MM CHMO0S0064 000 5 height m AE Fig 23 Cloud detection algorithm Revision RO3 November 2014 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA 9 4 Cloud Penetration Depth A cloud penetration depth is established by identifying a cloud lower and upper level using the threshold level ThAlphaStart m 1E7 9 2 The subtraction of these values result in the cloud penet
52. dis tance from ground is calculated from the travelling time of the laser pulses 9 2 Data preprocessing and averaging Data pre processing is a major task before the different steps in SCA algorithm starts The major reason to do it is to harmonize normalize the data sets between different CHM 15k systems to get similar results e g for cloud base heights even if the sensitivity between instruments varies In figure 21 two profiles of a reference unit and a test unit are illustrated after the normalization process 5 3 caldrated signal 2 0 Fig 21 N a 2000 4000 000 10000 8000 12000 14000 16000 height m Normalized signals P r for reference unit blue and a test unit red A hori zontal path is used with a hard target in 9 4 km distance for this method At 16 km distance a test pulses are added to the signal The following formula is used to receive the normalized backscattered power P r b raw Cy O r Page Revision RO3 November 2014 61 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA 62 with Pra as raw backscatter profile photon counts b baseline p ca aver age test pulse intensity O r overlap function cs calibration constant and P r is the normalized backscatter signal In another step normalized data are calibrated to get attenuated backscatter values beta raw which are stored in the NetCDF files For cloud processing and aerosol layer
53. ech attachment Power supply port for connection box PD U N Opening direction of outer door 6 1 2 Installation on the Mounting Base CAUTION There is danger of accidents during installation work The weight of the CHM 15k amounts to 70 kg For this reason at least two persons are required to assemble the Cloud Height Meter To install the CHMK 15k Cloud Height Meter proceed as follows 1 Unload the CHM 15k from its means of transportation using appropriate lifting gear and place it down as near as possible to the designated installa tion Fig 5 The CHM 15k packaged and in transporting position 1 Packaging of wooden 2 Pallet 2 Remove packaging Screw the side walls Remove the sidewalls seperate Revision RO3 November 2014 Installation Fig 6 The CHM 15k with styrofoam packing pads 1 Styrofoam packing pads 2 CHM 15k 3 Pallet 3 Cautiously lift the CHM 15k out of the styrofoam packing pads by hand Comply with all safety regulations as you do this Position for raising Fig 8 Relocation further transportation options Bysack barrow with bigger distances to concrete base Fig 7 Manual transportation put your hands into the openings which marked with arrows Fig 8 for this purpose CAUTION There is danger of damage to the Cloud Height Meter A Make sure that the CHM 15k is transported with the outer door facing down Fig 7 when loaded onto a sack barrow Revision RO
54. ed afdsettings has to be downloaded configured and uploaded to fit with the local requirement AFD is pre configured to submit three 5 minute NetCDF files every 15 min The NetCDF files can be merged again to 24 hour files by the user Below the configuration file afdsettings txt is listed The official file name is dir config More information about the commands listed here can be found on the DWD AFD web page Hashes are used to comment out commands Revision R03 November 2014 57 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Configuration file afdsettings txt directory tmp afd netcdf afd src dir options delete unknown files 0 delete queued files 6 files destination recipient ftp user password host_ip path h tY tm options priority 9 create target dir time 15 lock DOT H exec d bzip2 96s age limit 3600 example file from the ceilometer replace the settings carefully step by The full format of the afdsettings file is important If you download the H step is used to make a comment instead of an instruction 58 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Example for the file afdsetting txt Ftp server 192 168 1 51 Subdirectory form root on server home chm_data user name afd password eXample recipient ftp afd eXample 192 168 1 51 home chm_data h tY Y tm options priority 9 create target dir time 15 lock DOT
55. er than 9 characters Revision R03 November 2014 45 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 4 4 Format Structure Value saved in NetCDF format can be dimensions variables and attributes table 12 to 14 describe the various terms Dimensions Dimension Description time The number of backscatter profiles inside the NetCDF file ange The number of bins measured and stored in backs catter profiles in NetCDF format with 15m resolution The number of bins stored in NetCDF backscatter range_hr i profiles with 5 m resolution laet The number of cloud layer transmitted in telegrams and stored in NetCDF files Table 12 Dimensions in NetCDF Variables Variable Description latitude of the measurement location deci mal value 90 to 90 Example Jena 50 93333 corresponding to 50 56 0 N The longitude of the measurement installa tion decimal Example Jena 11 58333 corresponding to 11 35 0 E float latitude units degrees north long name latitude of location float longitude units degrees east long name longitude of location float time time units seconds since YYYY MM DD 00 00 00 00 00 long_name time UTC End time of measurement Allows for accuracy of 0 007 seconds axis t d 2 The distance from the CHM 15k in meter ud aj cir independently of altitude of the instrument long name distance from lidar mes loc
56. ettings Durchsuchen Keine Datei ausgewahlt send Fig 18 Web interface tab config system lower part in service mode access on system configuration parts In superuser mode some parameters are not listed for security reasons Dex Viewer NetCDF Fdo Corts System Carty Mate ork Config Rtas Fran Warnengs gt Bes Parameter current Value new Valve Devicecode 16 p set Baud 5 ID set BaudAfterError 3 p_i m Transtermode 3 4 7 1 TransfermodeAfter rroc 1 arr zei IonorChars 06 st Number of layer 3 E 3 zu MasCross Talk Chars 5 EE m Tame OUERS 48508 30 Met Dawniaad current telegramdormat descpotion Upload new telegramformat descneeon Sambashe send Fig 19 Web interface RS485 configuration panel service mode In superuser mode the upload option for a new telegram format is missing Please ask us if you are planning to setup your own telegram file The upper section of process warning tab in figure 20 is mainly used by the Lufft service to identify firmware problems and special errors The lower section shows information about the advanced file distribution AFD mode If AFD mode is switched on the status of transferred files is shown The properly setup or any mistakes have been done in the configuration with the AFD configuration file can be identified 56 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Dos Viewer NetCDF Fies Config Sytem Contig Network
57. ex Example for guerying a complete parameter list Using the web Interface the guery command download current settings will download the complete set of parameters Example Parameter Value Description Standard User Configuration Parameters DeviceName CHMO90104 CHMyyxxxx dt s 15 2 3600 s logging and reporting intervall Measurelnterval 1000 200 265000 ms measurement time Unit m ft 1 0 1 Location Teltow default NN Institution ESW2 default NN Comment comment for NetCDF file header Altitude m 0 0 99999 UseAltitude 0 Longitude 12000000 Latitude 51000000 Azimuth 0 0 360 degree x100 Zenith 0 0 90 degree default O vertical x100 TimeZoneOffsetHours f 12 12 Offset from UTC in hours CET 1 CST 6 Bisierdade 0 oes i control 0 always enabled 1 off NtpMode 1 Mode for NTP 0 off 1 on NtpServer 10 250 1 1 NTP Server IPAddress 10 64 102 131 IP address Netmask 255 255 255 0 Netmask Gateway 10 64 102 1 Gateway Log AfdMode 1 0 1 AFD logging on off BackscatterMax 40000000 max value for colour scale backscatter plot in viewer Device RS485Numbe 16 RS485 device name StandBy 0 Special mode CHM Test 0 0 1 DeviceType CHM15k instrument type CHM15k PLC AcqPrefetch 0 old data pre loaded for processing Table 24 CHM settings downloaded from web i
58. f Conformity The CHM 15k Cloud Height M eter is built and tested for compliance with the following standards and directives 1 Council Directive 2004 108 EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility EMC conforming to EN 61326 and EN 55011 standard requirements 2 Council Directive 2006 95 EEC relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage lim its 73 23 EEC conforming to the following standards EN 60825 1 Safety of laser products EN 61010 1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measure ment control and laboratory use In accordance with EN 60825 1 2007 and its inherent risk potential the CHM 15k qualifies as a class 1M laser device 2 2 General Safety Measures All safety notes in this User Manual including any other applicable docu ments must be duly observed and followed This User Manual must be kept within easy reach of personnel at all times The CHM 15k may only be operated with the inner door closed The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter may not be powered by nominal volt ages other than 230 VAC 2 3 Safety Notes Regarding the Laser System There is invisible 1064 nm laser radiation emerging from the CHM 15k It emits a laser beam of very small divergence 0 5 mrad and 90 mm beam diameter Do not directly look into the beam Avoid unnecessary exposure to invisible laser radiation It is strictly
59. f eleven chapters each page indicating the chapter title in its headline The bottom line of each page contains the details of the revision state date of issue and page number In the appendix a content list of the service manual a list of software releases for this manual revision and a configuration example is applied 12 Intended Use Operating safety can only be guaranteed when the CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter is operated as intended and in accordance with the information contained in this Manual The CHM 15k is only intended for single phase operation powered by a public low voltage distri bution system as stipulated in IEC38 6th revision of 1983 The Cloud Height Meter may be used with a maximum tilt angle setting of 20 degrees Any angle setting in excess of this limit will be regarded as non conforming use The owner operator will be solely responsible in the event of damage due to non compliance of this kind You are strictly prohibited from using the CHM 15k in a horizontal position For proper operation scheduled cleaning and maintenance cycles must be observed refer to chapter 10 of this Manual or to the Service Manual Revision R03 November 2014 5 Safety 2 Safety 21 Standards amp Directives To guarantee the safe operation of laser devices all binding standards directives and instructions regarding laser safety and laser radiation protection must be observed by manufacturers and users refer to Declaration o
60. fault value that is set at the time of product shipment and an indicator if service mode is required or not Revision R03 November 2014 29 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Parameter name u gs a range short description AFDmode AFD 0 0 1 switch on ftp data transfer Altitude m ALT 0 0 9999 unit is always meter ApdControlMode ACM 3 0 3 APD modes only change if you know how to do 360 degree x 1 AZ Aal 9 a Baud BAU 3 2 7 4 800 115 200 Baud BaudAfterError BAE 3 2 7 4 800 115 200 Baud BlowerMode BLM 0 0 4 CHMTest CHT 0 0 1 DateTime DD MM YYYY hh mm ss 8 1 6 DeviceType DVT CHM15k unit type eg CHMxk PLC dt s DTS 15 logging amp reporting time 5 600 s DeviceName CHM serial Ne old FabName AN EE of the CHM instrument Gateway GAT 0 0 0 0 set query static gateway address IgnoreChars ICH 06 8Bit ASCII Codes Institution INS NN Any character text string IPaddress IPS 0 0 0 0 set query the static IP address A 52 400503 90 to 90 degree decimal val Elias d due ie ki oo ds Layer NOL 3 1 9 JO DataClient limited to 5 LaserMode LSM 1 Switch on off Laser lassen LOC NN nn character string max Landit de LON an ei decimal value MaxcCrosstalkChars MCC 15 0 1024 Netmask NMA 0 0 0 0 set query static netmask address NtpMode NTM 1 0 1 switch on off ntpd NtpServer NTS 0 0 0 0
61. fe g HY EL WHO Dear User You are advised to read this Manual carefully before you start using the CHM 15k Nimbus CHM 15k x ceilometer This is necessary to ensure that you will be able to utilize all the capabilities which have been designed into the equipment This technology is subject to further development Editorial deadline August 2014 Documentation number 8350 MEP This documentation is valid for the following instrument types CHM 15k Nimbus series with order numbers 8350 00 8350 01 G Lufft Mess und Regeltechnik GmbH Gutenbergstr 20 70736 Fellbach Germany Phone 49 711 51822 831 Fax 49 711 51822 944 E mail info lufft de Info amp Sales E mail support lufft de Hotline Date Revision Comment December 2011 10 chapter 8 9 revised new document number November 2012 KO chapter 3 8 annex revised all chapter revised new algorithm implemented March 2013 N firmware 0 7x chapter 8 extended data telegram corrected September 2013 NO P0 chapter 9 corrected device name number sim plified Changed from Jenoptik to Lufft design small November 2014 R03 corrections CE Note This Manual is protected by copyright No part of the Manual may be reproduced in any way by photographing photocopying microfilm or any other technique without the prior written approval of G Lufft nor may it be processed
62. forbidden to use optical instruments notably field glasses for viewing the laser beam Class 1M laser radiation if viewed over an extended period of time may cause damage to the eyes such as glare or irritation or even full loss of eyesight Make sure the laser beam path is free from material with reflecting sur faces Follow all instructions especially those on emergence of laser radiation also Revision R03 November 2014 7 Safety 2 4 2 5 refer to chapter 2 6 Safety Labelling Requirements on Personnel The CHM 15k may only be installed and commissioned by properly trained personnel who have received instructions on operating safety Maintenance or adjustment work on the CHM 15k may only be carried by G Lufft GmbH service personnel or specially trained and authorized techni cians of the Customer Anyone who is entrusted with work to install and commission the CHM 15k must have completely read and understood this Manual Personnel working with the CHM 15k must not be in a state of fatigue or under the influence of alcohol or medication or have physical impairments of any kind that might temporarily or lastingly restrict their attention or judgement Safety Notes Regarding Transportation Installation Com missioning amp Cleaning For handling shipment or transportation the CHM 15k must be duly pack aged and placed in the transporting position refer to Fig 5 Adequate hoisting equipment and an appropriate
63. from Lufft The standard CD includes full installation setup file for the program and the runtime engine single program files which can be used for updates if the runtime was already installed manual of the CHM 15k instrument additional information tools In addition another product CD exists which includes a visualization program of raw data While the standard installation process is running the installation directory can be changed from its default values Default c Lufft Programs Additional directories used by the program are cWMufftMeasure data base path cWMufftmage used by the old software JO Visual only to save images local temporary file path to save raw data The user needs read and write access to the Lufft program and data folder and the temp folder Because the measure and image paths are not fixed be sure H that the configuration file JO Visual ini for the old visualisation program and the path variables for the DataClient program have been changed in the same way Starting from August 2014 the new visualization program CHMViewer has replaced the JO Visual software 11 2 Convention for the file names JO DataClient generates ASCII files with a file name and path convention depending on the telegram see chapter 8 3 3 8 3 4 8 3 4 and the filestruc ture start parameter Revision R03 November 2014 13 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k 74 Please notice that the st
64. g and receiving data on at the same time Accordingly the interface has its own auto matic switching mechanism This explains why you cannot send other commands refer to chapter 8 1 when receiving a data telegram Data telegrams are described in chapter 8 3 3 to 8 3 5 Incoming initial lt STX gt and end lt EOT gt character codes are indication of a running receive trans mission session CAUTION Loss of data If you use query software other than JO DataClient make sure that it provides an internal function for automatic switching between transmit ting and receiving mode Otherwise malfunctions may occur at the RS485 interface and cause loss of data 8 1 List of configurable instrument parameters Table 3 contains the most important setting options They will be explained in the following sections For safety reasons and because they have a considerable influence on the way the CHM 15k functions some options are only available if the ceilometer is set into a service mode RS485 or superuser mode Ethernet Some additional parameters like the instrument name itself can be set only as service user using a Ethernet connection table 4 provides a list of additional read only parameters These parameters are partly saved on the EEPROM mounted on the laser optical module LOM They have an impact on data evaluation and basic system settings The tables are con taining the permissible value range for each parameter together with the de
65. g the logging time dt s date amp time 35 Data Queries RS485 ose e xa REB Ree IR eae WE pee ae ERR EE sd 35 Polling Mode auk 80 0 mace a o Roa o RAN EC ER t SOROR UR aU ch eRe qp a VR 36 Automatic Output Mode si EE s co be REX XU EX ue eR REA os 36 Standard Data Telegram IA ras dea IA hr 37 Extended Data Telegra s iode b IRR Ree een 39 Raw Data Telegram IIIA here 42 User configured data telegrams IA KA ee ee ns 44 Revision R03 November 2014 3 Content 8 4 8 4 1 8 4 2 8 4 3 8 4 4 8 5 8 6 8 7 8 7 1 8 8 8 9 9 9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 7 9 8 9 9 9 10 9 11 10 10 1 10 2 10 2 1 10 2 2 11 11 1 11 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 11 6 11 7 11 8 11 9 11 10 11 11 List of Tables Declaration of Conformity NetCDF Format Structure General eter EE aed OR E CI PR Fundamentals File Names ore OE RE ER SE Di BE RE ER RM ERN oe RSS Format Str cture iu sss ska pee pk cows ER BRD Service Codes sek ER eek ERE E FirimwareUpdate Communication via Ethernet Web Interface Time Server esse Dar ae DEN ew ars AED Mode ere de Ed mPEU UU Ets Telegram over Ethernet Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA Laser remote sensing Data preprocessing and averaging Cloud ceilings cloud base heights
66. ges of the value in this sense are applied without pressing the button set measure period The next block contains three buttons for automatic telegram output initiated by the CHM 15k itself i e not by polling Remark All six automatic telegram modes will be cancelled by pressing the but ton auto transfer off or also by acquisition of one of the three single tele grams Now a block follows for reading and writing internal CHM 15k parameters device variable Here the name of the concerning CHM 15 parameter has to be specified A summary of these parameters can be find in the user guide tables 4 and 16 set value Value for the send set command send get command The current value of the parameter is displayed in the box CHM 15k answer on the right side send set command Value set value is transmitted to the CHM 15k Pro vided that the suitable parameter is really alterable and is in the permissi Revision RO3 November 2014 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k ble range the successful parameter update will be acknowledged in the box CHM 15k answer If one of these restrictions is violated there is no acknowledgement and the parameter is not changed For safety reasons some of the parameters are alterable only in the service mode see user guide section 8 6 switch auto clean of input fields If activated the two input fields device variable and set value will be erased afte
67. hart the numbers in brackets corresponds to the numbering in the spare parts list refer to service manual 15 Flowchart of measuring and monitoring processes inside the FPGA 16 Drilling template EER rb Re ee ee VET P res 20 The CHM 15k packaged and in transporting position 20 The CHM 15k with styrofoam packingpads 21 Transporting by sack barrow 22 POSIOTETOE TAINO soa ME EE OE ERR E ER OR AE 22 Fasteners AO EE EE MA EE E aT EE 23 Principal diagrami pse cue cou ber REX RE RR OE NE IG 24 Firefox browser to access to a CHM 15k Nimbus instrument here with a fixed address 22222222200 27 Web interface device menu in standard user mode The field is displayed as the first and shows status information A login as superuser or service users available ede RE eres teu et p Perte eh acti PP pod d 52 Web interface NetCDF files superuser Displays a list of NetCDF files stored on the internal SD Card NetCDF files can be downloaded by double clicking in superuser or service mode 53 Web interface viewer tab It shows the last 24h of present data Press update to renew the pictures file The BackscatterMax parameter in the config system tab figure 17 can be changed to adjust the colour 283 3 10 P 53 Web interface network configuratio
68. heights over the last 120 tbd telegrams 79 Service Codes in DataClient III KEI ee 80 Revision R03 November 2014 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 Table 18 Table 19 Table 20 Table 21 Table 22 Table 23 Table 24 Table 25 Tables Technicaldats 43 ote RE booed ad hhh oe hae DRS AE EE A 11 Essential commands for function testing ekamples 26 list of configurable device parameter can be set in service mode 2can be set in the web interface only 3 can be set in terminal RS485 nnaa 30 Read only parameters accessible via RS485 interface 31 Baud rate number to baud rate assignments Baud rates 0 1 are not specified within the time limits 34 Summary table of transfer modes EE EE EG Ee ss 36 Standard data telegram format 1 any character 37 Format of extended data telegrams also refer to Table 9 1 any character 39 Terms in extended data telegram 41 Additional restrictions llis 42 Raw datatelegramformat 43 Dimensions in NetCDF lliullllee re 46 Variables in NetCDF 46 Global at
69. ig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig 94 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 altit des sce ae EE Lae Re dia EE ea den 62 Cloud detection algorithm 62 Evaluation of cloud parameters for the altitude of cloud bases and penetration depth the range vector will be corrected by the zenith angle 65 Cloud amount algorithm The selected time interval used for the cloud cover calculation depends on the range a truncated cone function is used for the calculation 67 Glass panels havetobecleaned 70 Fans inlet Remove snow sedimentation 70 Air dehumidifier bag 2 and rubber seal 1 72 Start dialog window JO DataClient 74 Main page Communication where all actions are carried out The remaining four pages serve the monitoring of the measuring data as well as service information 75 Raw data tab In the graph shown here the data of the last transmitted raw data telegrams are captured 78 All types of telegrams contain cloud layer and associated penetration depths in the ad vanced and raw data telegrams also the standard deviations of these values and aerosol layers are transmitted These values are displayed on the left side The right side shows the course of cloud
70. iles panel NetCDF files can be selected and down loaded which is visible for all users Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Device Viewer Netcorries Config System Config Net Count 7 Update List file Name Size kB 20111213 Teltow CHM15kcD2 006 nc 3446 29111213 www CHMlzkc02 005 06 13 20111213 Teltow CHMISkcO2 004 nc 21 20111213 Teltows CHM15kc02 Q03 nc 13 29111213 Teltow CHMI2kc02 002 06 13 20111213 Teltow CHMttt 001 nc 21 20111213 Teltow CHM1SkcO2 000m 87 Update List Fig 13 Web interface NetCDF files superuser Displays a list of NetCDF files stored on the internal SD Card NetCDF files can be downloaded by double clicking in superuser or service mode Dew Viewer NeCOFF es Cong System Contig Network Config RS48S Process Warings 7 1 range corrected back scatter 24h uod 393704 2027n 131228 z th 10m En On Fig 14 Web interface viewer tab It shows the last 24h of present data Press update to renew the pictures file The BackscatterM ax parameter in the config system tab figure 17 can be changed to adjust the colour scale slightly Revision RO3 November 2014 53 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet Device Viewer NetCDF Files Config System Config Network Config RS485 Process Warnings Network Information Name Address Netmask ethO dhcp 10 64 102 31 255 255 255 0 ethO 1 fix 192 168 100 101 255 255 255 0 eth0 2 10 64 102 131 255 255
71. ils to fix a particular problem you are advised to contact your on site service technician or G Lufft GmbH NOTE H For other detailed information which is in excess of this User Manual maintenance replacement and system assembly particulars you should refer to the Service Manual The Service Manual is only available to Lufft personnel or specially trained technicians who have a documented proof of qualification valid certificate to handle respective maintenance and service work responsibilities 72 Revision RO3 November 2014 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k 11 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k The main purpose of the Terminal program JO DataClient is receiving data tele grams from CHM 15k instruments and storing these data on local disks Moreo ver it can also be used for remote maintenance and diagnosis of connected CHM 15k instruments Basic commands are included for reading CHM 15k parameters and with some restrictions also writing these parameters Com mands are described in chapter 8 of this manual 11 1 Software Installation JO DataClient needs a Windows 7 Vista XP or 2000 operating system to install the software and its runtime engine Precondition is that instrument communica tion could be established via the RS485 connection line to the CHM 15k which is typically done by a RS232 RS485 or USB RS485 interface adapter JO DataClient is a software included in each CHM system delivered
72. impacted the CHM 15k during installation 2 6 Safety Labelling 2 6 1 User Manual Throughout this Manual the following pictograms and signal words are used DANGER Warns of laser radiation CAUTION Warns of potential damage NOTE Important general note NOTE Important note on environmental protection Revision R03 November 2014 Safety HOP w 10 Safety 2 6 2 CHM 15k Product labelling is as follows see Fig 1 4 warning labels with safety notes 1 plate with performance data 1 Beware of Laser Radiation warning label 1type plate rear side Laser outlet Fig 1 Labelling Revision RO3 November 2014 3 Technical Data Technical Data Measurement parameter Measuring range 5 m 15 km 15 50 000 ft Range Resolution 5 m 16 ft measurement 15 m full range resolution in NetCDF file 5 m 5 m 150 m near field range resolution in NetCDF file logging time amp reporting cycle 2 s to 600 s programmable standard values are 15 s 30 s 60 s Targets aerosols amp clouds droplets ice crystals Measurands backscatter raw data cloud base height up to 9layers incl penetration depth cloud thick ness max detectable range MXD vertical visual range VOR sky condition SCI cloud amount TCC BCC Measuring principle lidar light detection and ranging Laser optical parameters Light source laser laser protection c
73. in meters m or feet ft UseAltitude Adds Altitude m to data output string If a value of e g 60 m is specified for Altitude the output value for a given cloud base will increase by 60 m Zenith Indicates vertical angle in degrees the sky condition algorithm SCA is using this angle to calculate the real altitude of cloud bases against ground level 8 2 Instrument Configuration using RS 485 interface The user can change settings via the RS485 interface for control of the measuring process configuration of the communication interfaces 8 2 1 Reading a parameter To read a parameter you must trigger a command get lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt lt ParameterName gt lt CR gt lt LF gt If ParameterName is found to contain a valid designation according to table 3 or table 4 its value will be output as part of lt STX gt get lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt lt ParameterName gt lt Value gt lt ASCII Two s complement gt lt CR gt lt LF gt lt EOT gt Example If the instrument serial number Devicename was preset to CHM060003 you may query the name using the short command get 16 DVN lt CR gt lt LF gt The response to this query may look like this STX get 16 DeviceName CHM 15kd01 2B lt CR gt lt LF gt lt EOT gt where each of lt STX gt lt CR gt lt LF gt and lt EOT gt stand for one byte with hexadeci mal codes 02 OD OA and 04 in this same order The value 3F represents the checksum of the two
74. ing Up amp Shutting Down 7 2 Starting up with LAN connection Additionally or instead of the RS 485 connection a LAN connection Ether net can be used Precondition LAN cable is connected see chapter 6 2 Configuration Three IP addresses are available at the same time for communica tion 1 a pre configured service address to the CHM 15k Nimbus 192 168 100 101 Subnet 255 255 255 0 2 DHCPserver allocation DHCP server required 3 user address subnet gateway Ssee chapter 8 7 for configuration with LAN WAN access to the instrument and chapter 8 1 and 8 2 if you config ure these values using the RS485 interface The service address 1 can not be modified by the user It is always available and can be used for direct connections between a laptop and the CHM 15k Nimbus The address can be entered in a web browser window Fig 11 to communicate with the instrument Fig 15 shows the Config Network tab in the Firefox web browser Superuser authorization is required to change the user IP address 3 The web interface was tested with the following web browsers Internet Explorer 8 Firefox 3 6 Google Chrome Apple Safari In DHCP 2 network environments the CHM device is automatically configured A portscan utility can help to find the address Another comfortable way is to use the RS485 connection and poll the device for the DHCP IP address by enter ing get lt SPACE gt lt Device gt IP lt CR gt lt LF gt
75. ing shell contains all equipment parts for CHM 15k operation The cable ports for data line current supply grounding and power supply of the external fans are designed as compression glands For pressure equalization the inner casing shell includes a pressure balancing component with a Goretex membrane Integrated into the top wall of the inner casing shell is a split area vision panel of Revision R03 November 2014 13 Technical Description 14 neutral color float glass Both vision panels are somewhat inclined in keeping with the Brewster angle This ensures that laser light will suffer only minimal loss as it passes through and the vision panels remain in an optimal condition due to a self cleaning effect This effect is supported by the fans which are located on the back panel of the equipment The fans cut in at hourly intervals or when there is rain or snow The two fans are also intended to remove the heat from the inner casing space For maintenance of the fans the back wall panel of the CHM 15k has to be removed The outer door provides access to the inner casing shell and the glass panels for necessary cleaning The outer and the inner door work on different locking mechanisms in order to avoid personal injury and to protect the internal compo nents against improper acts Persons who have not undergone any safety brief ing shall not open the inner door 4 2 Functional units in inner casing space The functional units are
76. ion Sky Condition Algorithm SCA firmware release if the code is fully supported oktas description telegram system hardware failure or system not ready 2 NetCDF telegram cloud is indiscernible for reasons other than fog or other 1 NetCDF meteorological phenomena or observation is not made 3 NetCDF 0 Clear sky 1 1 okta 1 10 2 10 2 2 oktas 2 10 3 10 3 3 oktas 4 10 4 4 oktas 5 10 5 5 oktas 6 10 6 6 oktas 7 10 8 10 7 7 oktas or more but not 8 oktas 9 10 or more but not 10 10 8 8 oktas 10 10 9 9 sky obscured by fog or other meteorological phenomena Table 17 Cloud amount cloud cover values related to WMO code 2700 66 9 11 Sky condition index SCI The sky condition index is written in the extended data telegram and is a stand ard variable of the NetCDF file It should allow the user to better interpret data e g when clouds are not detected In older CHM 15k system the variable was handled as precipitation index It is used in the following way 1 Value Description ES system hardware failure or system not ready 2 in NetCDF 2 NetCDF 00 Clear sky 01 rain 02 fog no clouds detectable 03 snow or freezing rain 04 rain window transmission reduced droplets on the window telegram cloud is indiscernible for reasons other than fog or other 1 NetCDF meteorological phenomena or observatio
77. its unitless Quality score for aerosol layers schar SCI time long_name sky condition index sky condition index schar BCC time long_name base cloud cover unit eighths base cloud cover schar TCC time long_name total cloud cover unit eighths total cloud cover short CBH time layer long_name cloud base height unit m axis range cloud base height Table 13 Variables in NetCDF Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet short CBE time layer long_name cloud base uncertainty cloud base uncertainty unitz m short CDP time layer long name cloud penetration depth unitz m axis range short CDE time layer long_name cloud penetration depth cloud penetration depth cloud penetration depth uncertainty uncertainty unitz m short MXD time range unitz m long name maximum detection maximum detection range short VOR time VOR unit m long name vertical optical range vertical optical range short VOE unit m long name VOR uncertainty vertical optical range uncertainty short CHO long name cloud height offset cloud height offset available if altitude m is set and usealti unitz m tude 1 Table 13 Variables in NetCDF Global Attributes Attribute Description short day The day of a
78. lass 1M under EN 60825 1 Wavelength 1 064 nm Bandwidth 0 1 nm Pulse duration 1 5ns Pulse repetition rate PRF 5 7kHz Beam diameter 1 e expanded to 90 mm Laser divergence 0 3 mrad Energy per pulse 7290 Long time stability over 12 lt 10 96 months pulse repetition rate Pulse to pulse variance of lt 3 laser energy FOV Receiver 0 45 mrad Data interfaces Communication interfaces RS485 amp LAN Optional DSL R 232 or modem V 21 V 22 V 22bis Electrical parameters Nominal voltage 230 VAC 10 96 optional 100 115VAC 10 96 Line frequency 50 Hz Max power consumption 0 8 kW in maximum all heater are running Optional Backup battery gt 1 hour support of integrated electronics Table 1 Technical data Revision R03 November 2014 Technical Data Operating safety Environmental compliance ISO 10109 11 Protection class 1 Internal protection standard IP 65 EMC EN 61326 class B Light source Laser protection class 1M under DIN EN 60825 1 Certification CE Operating conditions Temperature range 40 C to 55 C Rel air humidity 0 Yo to 100 Yo Wind 55 m s Physical dimensions Dimensions of casing WxHxL20 5mxO0 5mx1 55m Packed dimensions WxHxL 0 65mx 0 8 mx 1 67m Weight 70 kg complete system 9 5 kg laser optical unit heavie
79. m Nimbus instruments 2013 Table 22 Software releases JO DataClient 83 Revision R03 November 2014 Annex Service Manual Contents Annex A Annex Service Manual Contents 1 Basic Information Safety Technical Data Functional Description amp Setup Malfunction amp Trouble Shooting Maintenance SEE dto ID I9 Replacement amp Wear Tear Parts Revision R03 November 2014 85 Annex Example for guerying a complete parameter list B Annex Example for guerying a complete parameter list A list of available RS485 parameters can be queried using RS485 interface The following RS485 command queries for a parameter set get lt RS485No gt Parameters lt CR gt lt LF gt The format structure is as following STX get lt RS485No gt Parameters lt ParameterNamel1 gt lt TABS gt lt ParameterValuel gt lt ParameterName2 gt lt TABS gt lt ParameterValue2 gt lt ParameterNameN gt lt TABS gt lt ParameterValueN gt lt CR gt lt LF gt lt EOT gt lt RS gt is the ASCII character Record Separator HEX 1E and lt TABS gt stands for one or more tab characters HEX 09 Changing the characters after receiving lt LF gt or lt CR gt lt LF gt a clearly arranged list of all system parameters are generated The number of tabs are chosen in a way that with a standard tabulator grid of 8 characters the names of variables and its values are well aligned in two columns The JO DataClient software has a speci
80. means of transportation must be used in all cases Once packaged the CHM 15k must be secured and protected against acci dental shifting mechanical shock or other similar impacts that may occur inside the selected means of transportation for example by using tension belts A packaged CHM 15k must not be stacked The CHM 15k requires a footprint area of 50 x 50 cm It must be installed and assembled in a stable and fixed position on a suitably sized concrete foundation The maximum permitted inclination angle of the mounting base is 5 mm m If the CHM 15k is not intended to be assembled immediately it must be protected from external influences and securely stored For installation the following minimum prescribed clearances must be kept betweenthe CHM 15k and mobile phones 2 5 m stationary emitters ground stations 2 100 W of output power 25m a second cloud height meter to prevent optical interferences 10m Prevent irradiation from strong light sources The angle of insolation must be less or equal 15 degrees against the vertical line Please ask for a suiable adapter plates The assembly site must be at a great enough distance from tree plantations or shrubbery to prevent leaves or needles restricting the cloud meter s light outlet openings At least two persons are required for installation of the CHM 15k On completion of installation work ensure that no safety relevant changes Revision R03 November 2014 have
81. ms is not displayed here In addition they are shown in the service tab field Details of control elements The top row encloses the interface parameters RS485 port Here the RS232 port which is connected to the RS232 485 adaptor is displayed It can only be changed by the initial dialogue see above RS485 number The RS485 ID number of the connected CHM 15k device The value 16 should only be exchanged if necessary baud With this electoral switch the baud rates 1200 2400 4800 9600 19600 or 38400 bauds can be selected Note that the factory default value is 9600 baud Below there is a button named auto transfer off Pressing this button means that all previous automatic transfer modes will be cancelled The next block contains three buttons for single telegram acquisitions small The standard data telegram is requested see user guide chapter 8 3 3 large The advanced data telegram is requested see user guide chapter 8 3 4 all The raw data telegram is requested see user guide chapter 8 3 5 The next block contains three buttons for automatic polling of data telegrams Below there is an input field for the internal measure period in seconds of the CHM 15k The associated button must be pressed if this value should go into effect for the CHM 15k device Nevertheless this value is also used as the time between automatic polling mode acquisitions described in the previous para graph and chan
82. n is not made in NetCDF the numericla values 1 3 are used instead of a 3 NetCDF character Table 18 Sky condition index SCI Revision R03 November 2014 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA 8 000 4 7 000 6 000 4 5 000 cloud height m S 8 aw H 3 000 N ie Nu a 2 000 74 WC uem I Jing yew i 7 a FI 1 000 ES I SY J n 1 KA 2 0 T T T T T T T T T 05 00 06 30 08 00 09 30 11 00 12 30 time UTC Fig 25 Cloud amount algorithm The selected time interval used for the cloud cover calculation depends on the range a truncated cone function is used for the calculation Revision RO3 November 2014 67 Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions 10 Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions DANGER Laser radiation There is danger of eye injury A Class 1M laser radiation if viewed over an extended period of time may cause damage to the eyes such as glare or irritation or even full loss of eyesight Do not directly look into the laser beam Under no circum stances should the laser beam be directly inspected with the help of opti cal instruments e g field glasses Make also sure that no items with a reflecting surface e g watches are placed in the beam path 10 1 Cleaning Interval Cleaning Comment Aids Quaterly Clean glass panels Fig 26 mainly Dishwashing liquid water with a lot water and s
83. n panel service mode The static IP address net mask and gateway can be changed to local network conditions To save the settings in the Linux network configuration file and to use the new network settings the network has to be restarted UA ULA AAA MWA SAA RA SANZA nennen 54 Web interface config network in standard read only mode 54 Web interface config system upper part in service mode access on system configuration parts In superuser mode some parameters are not listed for security reasons 55 Web interface tab config system lower part in service mode access on system configuration parts In superuser mode some parameters are not list ed for EL AN Ee LLE OT ER EO N OE rein 56 Web interface RS485 configuration panel service mode In superuser mode the upload option for a new telegram format is missing Please ask us if you are planning to setup your own telegram file 56 Web interface process warnings and error log AFD status is only visible WAM IS ON oe ama e herd ET ON d 10505 N OE IURI d 57 Normalized signals P r for reference unit blue and a test unit red A horizontal path is used with a hard target in 9 4 km distance for this method At 16 km distance a test pulses are added tothesignal 61 Example for a time average used to calculate cloud bases in different Revision R03 November 2014 93 Illustrations Fig Fig F
84. nterface 88 Revision R03 November 2014 Annex Example for guerying a complete parameter list PeltierMode 1 1 on default O off WindowReference 3600 Optical state 1000 ApdCurrentReference 1995 kx ALG NumberOfLayers 3 1 5 number of cloud layers in Netcdf und telegram AlhAverageTimw 300 15 1800 s time average for ALH calculation AlhAverageHeight 135 15 1000 m distance average used for ALH calc AlhMinHeight 181 conn m distance of min ALH height detectable Control ApdControlMode 3 APD control mode ApdTemp 25000 detector temperatur target value m C UApd 0 1 500000 in mV ApdBreakGap 2000 APD Gap 1 100000 in mV TubusTemp 35000 LOM temperature tarbet value in m C 12 on default O off switch off can be used for iedode test bench in service mode WaveLength nm 1064 NM RangeDim 1024 1 4096 size of range vector Range2Dim 32 1 4096 size of high resolution range vector RS485 MaxCrosstalkChars 5 0 1024 TimeOutRS485 30 5 36005 gnoreChars 6 E ee characters ignored by instrument Ports Baud 5 021200 122400 224800 3 9600 4 19200 5 38400 6 257600 72115200 BaudAfterError 5 ENG de gt 0 polling 1 auto standard 2 auto extended 3 auto ex TransferModeAfterError B ServicePort dev ttyO1 UseRs232 0 Switch between RS485 0 and RS232 1 Table
85. o s complement of the sum of bytes 0 to 96 excluding bytes 92 and 93 expressed in hex code 94 lt CR gt OD HEX 95 lt LF gt OA HEX 96 lt EOT gt 04 HEX Table 7 Standard data telegram format any character A maximum of three cloud heights can be indicated If less than three could heights were detected a NODET message will appear in the remaining field s Missing cloud penetration depths will be reported through a NODT in the standard telegram message caused by the limited field size The fields Cloud height Cloud penetration depth Cloud thickness Visibility Maximum detection range will show a NODET value too whenever the algorithm is not able to calculate these values The same fields will carry a minus sign if their values cannot be established because of a device error For detailed information on device error types you should refer to the service codes table refer to chapter 8 5 In general the cloud height shall be measured from the unit base If the param eter altitude m is set to a nonzero value and usealtitude is set to 1 the cloud height is corrected by this factor In NetCDf files the variable CHO indicates whether usealtitude is set or not Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 3 4 Extended Data Telegram The extended data telegram consists of 240 Bytes Semicolon 3B HEX replaces space 20 HEX as delimiter for ex
86. obliquely so does in line 1 the file name changes as follows YYYYMMDDhhmmss location zenith Device nc In zenith the appropriate number of degrees is entered for example 15 8 3 6 User configured data telegrams The structure of data telegrams are defined in a file called telegram xml It can be downloaded and modified using the web interface in the superuser or service user mode Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 4 NetCDF Format Structure 8 4 1 General The Cloud Height Meter saves all measured backscatter profiles in a day file of NetCDF format Network Common Data File Its storage capacity allows the files to be kept on record for approximately one month In a Communication interrupted service case affected data can be inspected and traced back The raw data of a single measurement can be called up as a raw data telegram via the RS485 interface Standard operation does not include the transmission of a day file since this would negatively influence the time sequencing in this mode Because the transmission rate depends on the time resolution of the measured data and the RS485 interface settings this transmission would take too long An one day NetCDF file with dt s 30s measurement time intervals will be approxi mately 11 MB in size Switching to 15s time resolution 22 MB file sizes are gen erated In service cases a transmission of the NetCDF file is possible direct con nec
87. ome mild hands soap Use your hands to dispense some soap at the windows clean again with water use distilled water for the finish As required Remove sedimentation from space Neutral cleaning agents below casing top micro fibre wipes As required Remove potential plant pockets in Keep fan intake area unob front of fan inlet grids rear side structed see Fig 27 As required Remove snow Keep fan intake area unob structed see Fig 27 Table 19 Cleaning schedule and cleaning action 1 for average dust load level of 25 35 g m in the air 2 as soon as snow reaches the air inlet plane of the fans Revision R03 November 2014 69 Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions Fig 26 Glass panels have to be cleaned 1 Laser outlet on left side 2 Casing top 3 Glass panels windows shall be cleaned without micro fibre wipes Fig 27 Fans inlet Remove snow sedimentation NOTE H The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter requires regular maintenance Mainte nance work may not be performed by anyone other than service person nel of G Lufft GmbH or specially trained customer technicians For detailed instructions on maintenance you should consult the Service Manual 70 Revision R03 November 2014 Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions 10 2 Maintenance Intervals amp Action CAUTION Danger of physical injury by electric current Use miniature circuit breaker to cut power supply bef
88. ore any kind of maintenance or repair work at the Cloud Height Meter Interval Preventive maintenance action Comment every six check of intactness of air dehumidifier bag months CONTAINER DRI II once a year Replace air dehumidifier bag CONTAINER DRI II Three to Replace laser optic module if signs of laser only service personal four yearly wear falling repetition rate replace SD card Five yearly Replace inner door rubber seal material only service personal fatigue Five yearly Replace lightning ductor following lightning only service personal strike Eight yearly Replace electronic mainboard only service personal Table 20 Preventive maintenance intervals and action 10 2 1 Replacement of Air Dehumidifier Bag 67 Open outer and inner door Remove air dehumidifier bag item 2 of Fig 18 Glue new air dehumidifier bag to inner door Close inner and outer door 10 2 2 Replacement of Rubber Seal 34 at Inner Door Open outer and inner door Detach cable 69 of thermostat at clip terminal XK013 Mount new rubber seal to inner door using suspension points l l Remove rubber seal from inner door item 1 of Fig 18 l l Close inner and outer door Revision R03 November 2014 A FE Cleaning Maintenance amp Service Instructions Fig 28 Air dehumidifier bag 2 and rubber seal 1 If you have questions or if a procedure mentioned in the User Manual fa
89. pecial setting option To make a change pro ceed as described in chapter 8 2 2 For example by triggering a set lt SPACE gt 16 Baud 4 lt CR gt lt LF gt command you will set baud rate 4 i e 19 200 bits per second for RS485No 16 Table 5 shows all baud rate numbers and their assigned baud rate values Baud rate no Baud rate bits s 1 200 2 400 4 800 9 600 19 200 38 400 57 600 115 200 S No u A w N Table 5 Baud rate number to baud rate assignments Baud rates 0 1 are not specified within the time limits Immediately on triggering a set command of this type the interface will be set to 34 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet the new baud rate In the event of a false baud rate setting with consequential communication errors it is not possible to reverse this setting as usual because of failure to establish normal communication It will be reset to the default baud rate specified by parameter BaudAfterError after 30 seconds which is the standard value of TimeOutRS485 s The standard value of BaudAfterError is 3 refer to chapter Table 3 which means 9 600 bits per second If this baud rate still proves too high a different desired baud rate can be set as the default rate before product shipment or by service personnel 8 2 44 Reboot of embedded linux system reset to factory settings By triggering a set lt SPACE gt
90. r each set or get command Finally another two paths are adjustable which concern local paths of the com puter where JO DataClient runs measure path In this directory the telegram messages of CHM 15k will be saved in subdirectory structure which depends on device name and date for later evaluations program update path If a software update has to be carried out see last page this path must contain the new program files to be transmitted This path is to be set here only in the case if during a running update process JO DataClient is terminated and is newly started later again In the latter case the update directory has to be customized immediately after the restart 11 5 Raw Data Revision R03 November 2014 y JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k 78 end session altitude m TEEL Fig 31 Raw data tab In the graph shown here the data of the last transmitted raw data telegrams are captured In fact a simple moving average SMA filter is applied on the last 10 raw data telegrams this number 10 is changeable in the input field maximum number of data for SMA If the value 1 is set in this field the raw data of the last received raw data telegram are displayed in the graph The field actual number of data used for SMA contains the number of raw data records used for SMA calcula tion without change of parameter maximum number of data for SMA this value
91. r is up to firmware release 0 726 8000 after that December 2014 it has been changed to port number1 1000 The raw data telegram is still uuencoded like in the R 485 transfer mode and must uudecoded before it can be read Revision RO3 November 2014 9 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA The ceilometer CHM 15k is a laser remote sensing instrument with a build in sky condition algorithm SCA generating cloud ceilings cloud penetration depths thickness values Moreover the cloud cover cloud amount in eights for the total coverage in any altitude and for the base layer is determined and the verti cal visibility is delivered An aerosol layer algorithm based on wavelet algorithm detects almost two different aerosol layer heights Haze and precipitation type output is encountered and transmitted within the sky condition index parame ter There will be an update of this chapter available Please ask for a separate This chapter does not contain the latest changes in the SCA algorithm H description which is available upon request 9 1 Laser remote sensing One near infrared laser probes the sky vertically from ground to 15000 m Tar gets like aerosol layers and clouds show up as echoes with certain backscatter intensity and signal extinction Molecular absorption of as well as Rayleigh scat tering by air molecules is negligible at a laser wavelength of 1064 nm The
92. r to data telegram description parts in refer to chapter 8 3 3 to 8 3 5 table 7 8 10 for format information NOTE The new hardware platform of the CHM15k Nimbus does support addi tional user telegrams In addition to the characters 5 L A numbers are supported too With S 1 L 2 A 3 the first numbers are predefined The telegram 4 is a system dependent telegram from Lufft Telegram numbers 5 to 9 can be defined by user 8 3 2 Automatic Output Mode The command set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt TransferM ode 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt will turn on automatic mode with the standard telegram output Its repetition Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet rate depends on the content of variable dt s which is set to 30 seconds by default table 7 contains the format of standard data telegrams For extended data telegram output use the command set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt TransferM ode 2 lt CR gt lt LF gt table 8 contains the format of extended data telegrams The output of the raw data plus extended data telegram will received using the command set lt SPACE gt lt RS485No gt TransferM ode 3 lt CR gt lt LF gt table 10 contains the additional format structure of raw data telegrams NOTE Transfermode 4 9 are additional telegrams which are system depend ent or defined by the user 8 3 3 Standard Data Telegram The standard data telegram consists of 96 Bytes Data are separated with sp
93. ration depth The ThAlphaFactor is used to check the surrounding area of the calculated values Both values com bined deliver the standard deviation for the penetration depth of a cloud layer Figure 24 show how the evaluation process for the cloud parameters are done 9 5 Determination of Maximum Detection Range The maximum detection range corresponds to the maximum distance at which significant signals can still be measured It follows from averaged signal noise ratios versus the distance range At heights which are beyond the planetary boundary layer significant signals are only generated by clouds In presents of clouds the maximum detection range determined by means of the penetration depth of the highest detectable cloud layer Revision R03 November 2014 63 Data Evaluation Sky Condition Algorithm SCA 9 6 Vertical optical range The method for calculating VOR vertical optical range is described in the stand ard ISO 28902 1 2012 First an extinction profile a is calculated from the backs catter signal The VOR is where the integral of extinctions equals 3 VOR a r dr 3 97 Precipitation and haze Haze and precipitation types are detected by multiple scattering Usually only single scattering is considered as a signal source Strong atmospheric turbidity and high particle density respectively produce a stronger signal than usual close to the instrument An integral over the signal in certain ranges is used to evalu
94. s in the upper right corner of the program window end session The current session is finished and the very first start dialog with RS 485 connection parameters appears again Now possibly changed connec tion values should be filled in and another session can start stop The program terminates 11 10 Autostart and command line parameters The file Autostart DataClient cmd allows an automatic startup procedure of the JO DataClient software The default path variables listed below are used to have a seperate path for the measuring software the data and configuration files which is not restricted by the Windows operating system The standard file includes all command line options which can be changed due to user require ments set CHMDIR systemdrive Lufft Programs set MPATH systemdrive Lufft Measure start B 96CHMDIR96VO DataClient exe device 16 com COM1 baud 3 ncpath TEMP uudecode nc measurepath MPATH startseq 7 utcupdaterate 6 instrument 1 filestructure O nostartdialog 1 Remark start command without linebreaks It is important that the current internal baud rate of the CHM 15k set in previ ous sessions must coincide with the baud rate in this command line in this example value 3 means 9600 baud Otherwise connection failures will occur see chapter 11 3 start dialog In this example the CHM PC clock is synchronized every 6 hours JO DataClient can be invoked with one or more of the following com
95. should grow with succeeding telegrams up to 10 NetCDF filename specifies the entire local path of the last transmitted raw data telegram this file is overwritten every time a raw data telegram is received 11 6 Telegram amp Cloud Layer Revision RO3 November 2014 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k Communication rawdata telegram amp cloudlayer service code service Telegram information Date Unit Instrument name cloud Wi EEE JA CHMO700s2 cloud 2 Ba zn Bam clouds EE Cloud Base Height Deviation of CBH ERES 10000 Deviation of CPD n n 1000 yo J 0 inont NODT NODT 100 Vertical visibility Max detection Sky condition VOR range MXD SCI BCC TCC noer 14419 Joo Jo fo Aerosol layer Q Index Aerosol layer 107 Jo 00554 Jo M 04599 i 1 1 1 1 1 D 9 10 11 12 13 14 measure periods 120 3 RS485 send RS485 receive RS485 check sum Fig 32 All types of telegrams contain cloud layer and associated penetration depths in the advanced and raw data telegrams also the standard devia tions of these values and aerosol layers are transmitted These values are displayed on the left side The right side shows the course of cloud heights over the last 120 tbd telegrams In the above example we don t see recognized cloud layer hence the field for cloud layer is marked with NODET or NODT short form for not detected The vertical visibility is al
96. so not detectable and the detection range is very high Two aesorol layers are identified In sum we can assume clear sky condition 11 7 Service Code Each telegram message contains a service code field of 32 bit The service code tab lists clearly the Bits by their meaning see also chapter 8 5 for service code details A signal light indicates an alert of the suitable function During the start phase of CHM 15k some of these signals may light up How ever after some minutes the CHM 15k should enter normal operation mode with all lights switched off Lights are hints for trouble shooting Every received message from CHM 15k telegrams amp set get command answers contains a checksum in terms of two s complement Transmission is checked by this gibberish total proper transmission is indicated by value zero in the field Revision R03 November 2014 79 JO DataClient Terminal software for CHM 15k 80 check sum RS485 Non zero values indicates transmission problems cables and transformers must be checked carefully proper grounding termination and pull up pull down resistors etc and or the transmission speed should be low ered 2 end session IB EEUU UE OUR EE ID i EHE d 3 3 3 i E baud rate transfer mode reset 1 THE RGR EEE ZFEEEEEPECEEPER IEMEIEEEEIE EIEIEIEIE i di 3 sl sl 5 H EE al s N iN J zl _ IE 1 amp Fig 33 Service Codes in DataClient 11 8 Service amp
97. st spare part Installation requirements Suitable low voltage distribu tion systems TN S system grounded supply network CHM 15k casing grounded neutral and protective conductor as separate wires TN C system CHM 15k casing grounded neutral and protective conductor in one single wire Type of connection Non detachable connection Requirements to be met by Owner Operator Lightning protection External lightning protection to DIN V VDE 0185 3 Grounding Grounding system to DIN V VDE 0185 3 Requirements for outdoor installation Circuit breaker to cut low voltage power supply installed near the CHM 15k Within easy reach Clearly marked as a part of CHM 15k Back up fuse matched to wire cross section gt 6 A B or C Table 1 Technical data 12 Revision R03 November 2014 Technical Description 4 Technical Description The CHM 15k Cloud Height Meter is intended to measure clouds at a maximum height of fifteen kilometers to determine cloud layer penetration depth and ver tical visibility The measured data set is transmitted by digital standard interfaces The CHM 15k uses the Lidar technique Lidar Light detection and ranging refer to chap ter 9 1 to emit short light pulses into the atmosphere These are scattered back by aerosols and air molecules The pulse flight time and intensity of a backscat tered light signal are then analyzed Using this data as input
98. temperature Kelvin x 10 int life time time long name laser life time units h Laser operating time in hours short state laser time long name laser quality index units percent Laser quality index in percent short state detector time long_name quality of detector signal units percent Detector quality signal in percent float base time long_name baseline raw signal in pho tons per shot b units counts shot Baseline height of the raw signal mainly influenced by daylight Transmitted in pho tons per shot float stddev time long name standard deviation raw sig nal in photons per shot units counts shot Standard Deviation of the raw signal in photons shot short p calc time long name calibration pulse in pho tons per shot units counts shot scale factorz 100000 Calibration pulse used to normalize individ ual units over time float scaling units unitless long name scaling factor c Scaling factor used to normalize individual units against reference system called TBcalibration in RS485 short nn1 nn3 used by manufacturer short PBL time layer long_name aerosol layer in PBL units m axis range Aerosol layer calculated within the plane tary boundary layer schar PBS time layer long_name quality score for aerosol layer in PBL un
99. tended data telegrams Table 7 shows details about the telegram structure The telegram size is different if the number of cloud layers layer has been changed Byte Value Description 0 lt STX gt 20 HEX 1 x 2 1 3 TA 5 20 HEX 6 8 7 20 HEX 8 PFR Output interval s 11 20 HEX 12 TESE A Date dd mm yy 20 20 HEX 21 Ae ER AE Time Note modification as of now hh mm ss 29 20 HEX 30 7 Numbers of layer 31 32 IRERE 15t Cloud layer CBH 37 i 20 HEX 38 LE 2 d Cloud layer CBH 43 20 HEX 44 eek 3 d Cloud layer CBH 49 20 HEX Penetration depth of the laser beam into the 1 CPD Note extension to 5 digit 55 20 HEX Penetration depth of the laser beam into the 2 7 cloud layer CPD Note extension to 5 digit 61 20 HEX Penetration depth of the laser beam into the 3 cloud layer 50 doekekeke cloud layer 56 KKKKK id CPD Note extension to 5 digit 67 20 HEX 68 AEREN Vertical visibility VOR 73 20 HEX 74 dd Max detection range MXD 79 20 HEX 80 ick Cloud height Offset altitude m 84 20 HEX Table 8 Format of extended data telegrams also refer to Table 9 any character Revision RO3 November 2014 39 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet
100. the CHM 15k from power supply using the mains circuit breaker Turn on power again after a short pause If the problem persists you should contact a qualified on site ser vice technician If case of urgent problems you should directly contact the service from Lufft 7 4 Disposal NOTE c Disposal of the CHM 15k Cloud Height M eter must be in accordance with national regulations 28 Revision RO3 November 2014 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet 8 Communication RS485 amp Ethernet The CHM 15k Nimbus supports two interfaces RS485 section 8 2 and Ethernet section 8 7 to communicate with the instrument Both have the opportunity to transfer the measured values and to configure the instrument A web interface is part of the system for the main communication configura tion over the Ethernet interface It can be accessed by many web browser inde pendent from the operating system The web interface can also be used to download measured data manually which are stored in daily NetCDF section 8 4 files on a build in SD Card An AFD fto service section 8 8 is implemented in the system too which allows the transfer of eg 5 min blocks of NetCDF data to any external ftp server For RS 485 communication a terminal software is required For operating sys tems running Microsoft Windows the terminal software JO DataClient is supplied together with the equipment NOTE The RS 485 half dublex interface does not allow sendin
101. tion to Cloud Height Meter via RS485 or Ethernet refer to Service Manual 8 4 2 Fundamentals NetCDF provides a computer platform independent interface for the saving and reading of scientific data It was developed under Unidata a project funded by the National Science Foundation http www unidata ucar edu Each data set contains an explanation of its storage content The ceilometer saves all data from a single day in a file using UTC as the time base In serial mode RS485 the CHM 15k transmits a raw data telegram with a single backscatter profile and any related descriptive variables and attributes in NetCDF format The raw data daily telegrams may in turn be summarised in a day file The JO DataClient software will generate the day files automatically 8 4 3 File Names Daily NetCDF file YYYYMMDD location Device nc Raw data in RS485 tele gram 24h Raw data 24h at web YYYYMM DDhhmmss location Device In interface dex nc YYYYMMDDhhmmss location Device nc Raw data with other time resolution eg for ftp mode AFD YYYYMMDDhhmmss location Device hhm m Index nc NOTE For fail safe transmission of files ISO standard requirements must be H observed in their extended version i e the length of a file name must not exceed 31 characters In terms of the setup of a day file with Date loca tion Device ID nc 8 9 9 2 31 characters this implies that the loca tion name must not be long
102. tributes in NetCDF 0 20 0 00 re 49 Service codes status bits 50 Quality Index description of the aerosol layer height 64 Cloud amount cloud cover values related to WMO code 2700 66 Sky condition index SCl ai 2 gi ks C AE qd i DER es 66 Cleaning schedule and cleaningaction 69 Preventive maintenance intervalsandaction 71 Convention of DataClient filenames 74 Software releases JO DataClient 83 Example of the parameter list received over RS485 interface using the command get 16 parameter 86 CHM settings downloaded from web interface 88 Firmware Releases EG GE Ge tees 91 Revision RO3 November 2014 95 JENOPTIK IENCPTIE Vetedigung 6 Ide Systeme ESY Get Geschafnbene ch Versies 07745 Mea Germam EG Konformit tserkl rung EC Declaration of Conformity Hiermit erkl ren wir vertreten durch die Unterzeichner dass das nachfolgend bezeichnete Produkt We herewith declare represented by the signatories that the following designated product Wolkenh henmessger t Cloud Height Meter CHM 15k CHM 15k Nimbus der Niederspannungsrichtlinie 2006 95 EG und der EMV Richtlinie 2004 108 EG entspricht agree with the Low Voltage Directive 2

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