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HP 432A POWER METER

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1. Thermistor Bridge Consists of the thermistor R16 R14 and R3 R3 and R2 for 200 ohm thermistors The MOUNT RESIS TANCE switch adjusts the bridge circuit for 100 ohm or 200 ohm thermistors The bridge output p is taken from 83 and 15 apptied to Q7A B ZERO var abie resistor Ri which is in parallel with R14 and R16 is a bridge balance adjustment As the ambient temperature changes the thermistor resis tance changes thus requiring more or less feedback current rom Q6 The result Vcomp changes to compensate for variations in ambient temperature E ler 22 ii Bridge Current Source Q14 and Q6 supply bias current to the bridge circuit to maintain correct thermistor re sistance Ambient temperature increases will decrease the thermistor resistance Q6 then supplies less current to compensate SEE NOTE 9 318 Differential Amplifier Q4 and Q5 amplify the voltage difference between the collectors of QT A and B Auto Zero Adj R43 adjusts auto zero circuitry so instrument zeros precisely on zero Differential Amplifier Q1 and Q2 amplify any current due to Ditterential Amplifier meter current across R73 R74 amp R75 5 With zero RF power to the thermistor Q7 A amp B amplifier
2. AI uonoeg RF THERMISTOR BRIDGE FRONT PANEL VIEW ADDED FOR OPTIONS 11 12 13 ENVIRONMENT COMPENSATION THERMISTOR BRIDGE 200 GD Go lt gt Wi THERMISTOR BRIDGE ASSEMBLY 09 0 DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER 011 15 BRIDGE CURRENT f 5 SOURCE CO 2 1853 0001 atv gt D 99 SEE NOTE i R3 3 6k 464 AMPLIFIER 1653 0020 92 1 2 m DIFFERENTIAL 3 FET MEMORY AUTO ZERO CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY pe 00432 6011 CURRENT SOURCE DIFFERENTIAL 7 se tude oon AMPLIFIER 21 5K V RF BRIDGE SIGNAL l TO 2 55 AV v 52 E 04 5 7 111 vee DIFFERENTIAL Eo His WO 06 14 NE AMPLIFIER Q4 05 T Qi4 BRIDGE CURRENT 1 SOH ee SOURCE T t Ns e N 1 3 1 ad 1 gt RIG 1 i 1 1 rm ry H AGAK DIFFERENTIAL cs 1 AMPLIFIER Oot HEWLETT PACKANI E AE Figure 4 3 2 ED COMPENSATION BRIOGE SIGNAL TO A2 ASSY ecd eoe NOTES 1 SERIAL PREFIX 11024 AND ABOVE I 2 SIGNAL PATHS PRIMARY SIGNAL J SECONDARY SIGNAL FEEDBACK SIGNAL f SEE BACK OATING APPENDIX I bilbao Model 432A RF Bridge Talking Schematic Sheet 1 o
3. NOT ASSIGNED C FXO CER 0 05 UF 80 204 100VDCW C3FXD MICA 33 52 CsFXD ELECT 33 UF 10 10YDCH C FXO CER 0 05 UF 80 20 100 0 ELECT 60 UF 20 C FXD ELECT 2 2 UF 10 20VDCW ELECT 2 2 UF 10 20VDCW C3FXD ELECT 60 UF 20 6VDCNW CsFXD ELECT 330 UF 10 011 012 013 C FXD CER 6 8 PF 500VDCM CER 0 01 UF 80 201 100VDCW ASSIGNED CsFXD ELECT 33 UF 10 10VOCH C FXD CER 0 05 UF 80 20 100 0 DIODE SILICON 0 75 200PIV DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PIV DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PIV See introduction to this section for ordering information Mfr Part Number 0757 0439 0698 3449 0757 0465 0757 0465 0757 0442 0757 0219 0757 0279 0757 0279 0757 0279 0693 3160 0698 3160 0757 0199 0757 0443 0698 3162 0698 3455 2100 1618 1855 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 00432 6015 0180 1819 0180 0229 0140 0234 0140 0234 0180 1746 0140 0210 0160 0978 1090 227 0008 2 DYP 1090 336 90152 0 1500225 902042 0 5 0160 2672 150D225X9020A2 DYS TYPE TA TYPE TA 0160 2150 0130 0229 TYPE TA 0180 0106 1500225X9020A2 DYS 1500225X9020A2 DYS 0180 0106 0180 1714 301 6 8 PF 0180 0229 581358 8 SR1358 8 SR1358 8 Section VI Replaceable Parts Model 432A Table 6 1 Replaceable Par
4. 4 4 Model 432A Meter Logic Talking 4 5 Model 432A Power Supply Talking Schematic 1 Check and Adjustment Test Setup 2 Zero Carryover Test Setup 3 Bridge Amplifier Test 4 Transistor Biasing and Operating CharacteristicS Specifications Thermistor Mounts for the 432A Recommended Test Equipment Meter Accuracy Calibration Factor Test Performance Test 1 1 HP Model 432A Power Meter 1 2 Instrument Identification 2 1 Sub module Installation in Rack Adapter Frame 3 4 1 Model 432A Simplified Block Diagram 2 Model 432A Block Diagram 3 LIST OF TABLES Page Number 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 5 0 7 4 5 2 7 5 5 2 7 6 5 5 7 7 5 11 7 8 5 13 7 9 5 14 7 10 6 2 6 6 7 11 7 2 7 12 7 14 7 15 7 16 List of Tables List of Illustrations LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Title Page Overall Troubleshooting 7 5 RF Bridge Troubleshooting 7 6 Compensation Bridge Troubleshooting 7 6 Auto Zero Troubleshooting 7 7 Chopping and Summing Circuit Troubleshooting 7 7 5 kHz Multivibrator Troubleshooting 7 7 Range Amplifier Troubleshooting
5. 011 R FXD FLA 100K OHM 14 3 84 R FXD LOOK OHM 1 1 8W MET FLM 10 0K OHM 1 1 80 R FXO 3 15K OHM 1 1 84 MET FLM 3 16K OHM 1 1 8w R FXD 3 16K OHM 1 1 80 RiFXD 3 16K OHM 1 1 8W R FXO FLA 31 6K OHM 1 1 8W R FXDO MET FLA 31 6K 1 1 84 R2FXD MET FLM 21 5 OHM 1 1 84 FOR OPT 012 R FXD MET FLM 11 0 OHM 12 1 8H FOR OPT 013 R FXD MET FLA 46 4K OHM 1 1 8W 011 MET FLM 262K OHM 15 2 8w 010 R VAR FLM 1 20 LIN 1 2W R FXD COMP 1 8 MEGOHM 5 1 48 TERMINAL SOLDER LUG TERMINAL SOLDER LUG PART OF PC BOARD TERMINALSSOLDER LUG PART OF PC BOARD TERMINAL SOLOER LUG TERMI NAL SOLDER LUG TERMINALSSOLDER LUG TERMINAL SOL ER LUG BOARO ASSY LOGIC C FXD ELECT 100 UF 75 10 50VDCW ELECT 33 UF 10 lQV CW CER 0 05 UF 80 204 100VOCW NOT ASSIGNED CER 0 05 UF 80 203 100VDCW NOT ASSIGNED NOT ASSIGNED 500 PF 14 500 PF 14 ELECT 15 UF 10 20VDCW C3FXD MICA 270 PF 5 C FXD MICA 1530 PF 1 500VOCW C3FXD CER 0 01 UF 80 204 LODVDCN NOT ASSIGNED NOT ASSIGNEO CzFXD ELECT 220 UF 20 CER 0 01 UF 80 20 100VDCW C FXD ELECT 33 UF 10 15vO0CW ELECT 2 2 UF 10 20 0 0 047 UF 5 CzFXD ELECT 2 2 UF 10 20VDCMW CER 0 05 UF 80 20
6. 7 7 Calibrator Factor Amplifier Troubleshooting 7 7 Pulse Width Modulator and Meter Troubleshooting 7 7 Battery Charger Troubleshooting 7 9 Power Supply Troubleshooting 7 9 Title Page Servicing Block Diagram 7 3 Model 432A Top Internal View 7 4 Model 432A Waveforms 7 4 Model 432A Test Point Locations 7 5 Model 432A Bottom View Component Locations 7 6 Model 432A Front Panel Interior 7 6 A1 Bridge Assembly Component Locations 7 10 Model 432A Rear Panel Interior 7 10 RF and Compensation Bridge Schematic Diagram 7 11 Model 432A Switches 7 12 A2 Meter Logic Assembly Component Locations 7 13 Meter Logic Schematic Diagram 7 13 A2 Meter Logic Assembly Power Supply Component Locations 7 15 Battery Charging Circuit Option 01 Component Locations 7 15 Power Supply Schematic Diagram 7 15 Thermistor Cable Wiring Diagram 7 16 11 Regulatory Information iv Declaration of Conformity according to ISO TEC Guide 22 and EN45014 Manufacturer s Name Hewlett Packard Ltd gt Manufacturers Address Queensferry Microwave Division South Queensferry West Lothian EH30 9TG Scotland United Kingdom Declares that the product Product Name Thermistor Po
7. RB supplies REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS R3 exceeds 60 mA 0 6V Q3 turns on current 92 amplifies error sig constant bias current to which tends to turn Q2 This tends i b rana imi harging current CRI 4 CR6 8 to turn 91 off amp limit the charging curr pensate CRI bypasses Q for i E battery operation of the power E Comparison Amplifier 5 TAGES SHOWN tH LINE OPERATION 813 5 8 96 3 Option 01 Onl BATTERY BEING CHARGED Rez 52 t FACTORY SELECTEO VALUE 2 ce A REO ante the SEE BACK DATING APPENOIX T voltage at the anode of 2 COMPARISON ars Any change is amplified as AMPLIFIER NOT ASSIGNED an error voltage Q4 also ALCA APRIS compensates for battery volt eU age variation with temperature a 3 COPYRIGHT 1968 BY HEWLETT PACKARD CO THERM BR METER LOGIC ASSY Figure 4 5 Model 432A Power Supply Talking Schematic Sheet 2 of 2 jo sejdroutaq AI uorjoeg Section V Model 432A Maintenance Table 5 1 Recommended Test Equipment Instrument Type Critical Specifications Recommended Model Range 0 1 to 10 mW HP 8477 A Accuracy 1to 10 mW ranges 0 2 01 and 03 mW ranges 0 5 Power Meter Calibrator HP 3440A with 3443A Plug in Unit DC Digital Voltmeter Range 0 5 to 50 volts de Accuracy 0 05 Input Impedance 10 megohms floating Re
8. FACTORY SELECTED VALUE 4 SEE BACK DATING APPENDIX 1 NOT ASSIGNED A2C4 AZRIA COPYRIGHT 1964 BY HEWLETT PACKARD CO 422A THERM METER LOGIC ASSY Figure 4 5 Model 432A Power Supply Talking Schematic Sheet 1 of 2 Un T2 5 S 3 g O o gt gt 6 BATTERY RECHARGE SIGNAL Switch Q3 is normally off If the battery Option 01 units only is discharged or the power supply drops out of regulation Q5 turns 100432 60151 1 Comparison Amplifier Comparison Amplifier 19 1 7 compares the power sup gt I Aw A on more until Q3 saturates This turns off p ud to the voltage 94 CURRENT cia the calibration factor amplifier and supplies P the dividi 12 and R13 Thi u 1 i po negative current to the meter which indi and compensates for temperature divider RIZ m s RECHG BAT P changes Q5 monitors the voltage way 13 volts is referenced to E SO AGO Mr mE id divider which consists of 85 R6 supply Ifthe 13V supply Shunt Regulator CONE fey lt and R7 and compares that to shifts Q7 conducts more or less Un Regulator ME 0805 Ampliller ground Any difference i
9. Section V Maintenance h If calculated power is different from the power set with the COARSE ZERO control adjust A2R6 so that meter indicates that power If the range of A2R6 is not great enough to set new power level the value of A2R70 will have to be changed i Adjust COARSE ZERO so that meter reads 1 on the O to 1 scale Set A2R72 for 1 000V 10 mV at the RECORDER output jack on the rear panel 5 27 COVER REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT 5 28 The side covers can be removed and replaced independently of the top and bottom covers Each side coveris held in place by four screws retained by nuts which are fastened to the side frames 5 29 TOP COVER REMOVAL At the rear of theinstrument remove screw that retains the cover b Grasp the cover from the rear and slide it back 1 2 inch Then tilt forward edge of the cover upward and lift the cover from the instrument 5 30 TOP COVER REPLACEMENT a Rest the cover flat on the cast guides project ing inward near the top of each side frame b Slide the cover forward allowing its forward edge to enter the groove in the front panel c Replace the cover retaining screw 5 31 BOTTOM COVER REMOVAL a Remove the retaining screw at the rear of the cover b Swing the tilt stand out to free the cover c Slide the cover rearward far enough to free the forward edge d Tilt the forward edge of the cover upward and lift the cover from the instrument
10. South Africa 27 11 8061000 Spain 34 1 631 1323 Sweden 08 444 22 77 Switzerland 01 735 7111 Turkey 90 212 2245925 United Kingdom 01344 366 666 For countries in Europe Middle East and Africa not listed contact Hewlett Packard International Sales Europe Geneva Switzerland Tel 41 22 780 4111 Fax 41 22 780 4770 Latin America Hewlett Packard Latin American Region Headquarters 5200 Blue Lagoon Drive 9th Floor Miami Florida 33126 U S A Tel 805 267 4245 805 267 4220 Fax 805 267 4288 United States Hewlett Packard Company Test and Measurement Organization 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd Bldg 51L SC Santa Clara CA 95052 8059 1 800 452 4844 Errata This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett Packard Please note that Hewlett Packard s former test and measurement semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies To reduce potential confusion the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix where a product number name was HP XXXX the current name number is now Agilent XXXX For example model number HP8648 is now model number Agilent 8648 Ce manuel peut contenir des r f rences 4 lt lt HP gt gt ou lt lt Hewlett Packard gt gt Veuillez noter que les produits de test et mesure de semi conducteur et d analyse chimique qui avaient fait partie de la soci t Hewlett Packard sont maintenent une pa
11. tion device or a wooden toothpick DO NOT USE A SHARP METAL OBJECT SUCH AS AN AWL OR TWIST DRILL SHARP OBJECTS MAY DAMAGE THE PLATED THROUGH CONDUCTOR c Shape the leads of the replacement component to match the mounting hole spacing Open Circuit Voltage Simpson 260 R x 100 1 5 1 mA Polarity Short Circuit Current Varies with Serial Number d Insert the component leads in the mounting holes and position it as the original was DO NOT FORCE LEADS OF REPLACEMENT COMPONENT INTO MOUNTING HOLES A sharp edge on the lead may damage the plated through conductor e Solder the component in place and remove ex cess flux from the soldered areas Apply a protec tive coating to prevent contamination and corrosion See Table 5 6 for recommendations CAUTION Most ohmmeters can supply enough cur rent or voltage to damage a transistor Before using an ohmmeter to measure transistor forward or reverse resistance check its open circuit voltage and short circuit current output ON THE RANGE TO BE USED Open circuit voltage must not exceed 1 5volts and short circuit current must be less than mA Model 432A 6 1 INTRODUCTION 6 2 This section contains information for ordering Table 6 1 lists parts in alpha numerical order of their reference designators pro vides the following information on each part replacement parts a Description b Manufacturer of the part in a fi
12. 0811 2284 R FXO OHM 021 1 400 0811 2284 0811 2534 1 R3FXO WW 314 3 OHM 0 13 1 40W 0811 2534 0811 2535 1 145 0 OHM 0 14 1 40 0811 2535 3100 2470 SWITCH ROTARY 3100 2470 00432 6004 SWITCH ASSYS3CALIBRATION FACTOR 00432 6004 0757 0346 10 OHM 1 1 84 0757 0346 0757 0346 RiFXO MET FLM 10 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0346 0757 0346 MET 10 OHM 15 1 8w 0757 0346 0757 0346 R3FXD FLM 10 OHM 1 1 8N 0757 0346 0757 0346 RiFXD 10 OHM 12 1 8w 0757 0346 0757 0346 Ri3FXD MET LO OHM 12 1 8w 0757 0346 0757 0346 MET FLM 10 OHM 12 1 8W 0757 0346 0757 0346 MET 10 OHM 15 1 84 0757 0346 0757 0346 R FXO 10 OHM 1 1 84 0757 0346 0757 0346 FLM 10 OHM 0757 0346 17 1 8w 0757 0346 MET FLM 10 OHM 17 1 8w 0757 0346 0757 0346 R3FXD FLM 10 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0346 0698 6635 1 R FXD FLM 880 OHM 1 1 8W 0698 6635 3100 2469 1 SWITCH ROTARY 3100 2469 NOT ASSIGNED NOT ASSIGNED 00432 6007 BOARD ASSY BATTERY CHARGER 00432 6007 FOR OPTION 001 0160 2930 CER 0 01 UF 80 204 100VOCW TA 1901 0026 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200 1 81358 8 1902 0048 1 DIGDEsBREAKDOWN 6 81V 54 5110939 134 1854 0039 1 TSTR SI NPN 2N
13. El 9 2 gt i P O METER LOGIC ASSEMBLY 00432 6015 Z VOLTAGE T0 TIME CONVERTER BATTERY RE CHARGE SIGNAL ase ev ORS 029 0 ros 5 cs 022 023 ch CURRENT e Du 944 Iu i SKHz sonc A SS 605 REC B arv MULTIVIBRATOR E av q MEA SWITCH 02 1854 0008 O AMPLIFIER T Re SWITCH CURRENT SOURCE 039 43 CALIBRATION AMPLIFIER REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS ASSY CHASSIS Ge 4 45 PRIMARY SIGNAL lt e s SECONDARY SIGNAL PATH E 1 care jJ FEEOBACK COPYRIGHT 1968 BY HEWLETT PACKARD CO SEE BACK DATING APPENDIX 1 432A METER LOGIC ASSY 2 SERIAL PREFIX 957 Figure 4 4 Model 432A Meter Logic Talking Schematic Sheet 1 of 2 AI 011098 jo sejdrouraq Switching Amplifier Q27 Q28 and Q29 are fast de coupled switches When the Vcomp Signal is shorted to ground thru Q26 the base of Q27 is pulled down below its emitter and turns off Q28 which was turned off is turned on and Q29 which was conducting is turned off When the ramp at the base of Q27 forward biases the base emitter junction of Q27 the opposite se quence occurs As a result of the gain and timing of these stages the ramp applied to the base of Q27 emerges as a rectangul
14. saturation to cut off The square wave output is 180 out of phase from the signal from Q24 CR11 clamps the maximum positive level at 0 6 volts rents greater than about 50 Q22 and Q23 form an astable 5 kHz multivibrator The output is a 7 volt square wave 6V to 13V Both out puts are used 180 out of phase to drive other switching circuitry is cut off C25 charges to With Q26 saturated its low impedance shorts Vcomp to ground Both sides of C25 are pulled negative by an amount equal to Vgr turning off 927 C25 charges thru cur rent source Q20 generating a linear ramp which holds off Q27 while it charges from the level set by Vcomp to approximately 12 5V R86 is adjusted so that Voltage to time Converter operates equally well for low values of Vcomp as well as high values Bias Circuit Switch Q38 conducts when Q44 is turned off Any residual current flowing from Q42 in excess of that current drawn by current source Q43 is shunted thru Q38 and charges C38 This charge adjusts the bias on Q39 Q41 and Q42 and the current from Q42 is reduced This adjustment of bias level provides good zero carryover 1854 0005 AMPLIFIER 1854 0005 t23 7 AMPLIFIER 2 5t x Chopper Feedback Amplitier Q39 and Q40 form a differential amplifier that converts input vo
15. 012 0698 0084 R FXD FLM 2 15 OHM 1 1 84 0696 0084 0PT 013 0698 3156 FLM 14 7 OHM 1 1 84 0698 3156 0 012 0698 3158 R FXD MET 23 7K OHM 1 1 8w 0698 3158 012 0811 2277 R FXD Wa LOK OHM 0 14 1 40W 0811 2277 3101 1395 SWITCH PUSHBUTTON DPOT 08 53 67280 121 A1H POWER 3101 1234 SWITCH SLIDE 114 1242 PART OF REAR PANEL 3100 2485 SWITCH LEVER SINGLE SECTION TYPE 184 RES 00432 00031 SWITCH PLATE 00432 00031 3101 1357 SWITCH TOGGLE SPOT 7109 FENE ZERO 00432 2003 NUT DRESS 00432 2003 8120 1082 CABLE ASSY35 3120 1082 8120 1083 CABLE ASSY SPECIAL PURPOSE 10 8120 1083 OPT 009 8120 1094 CABLE ASSY SPECIAL PURPOSE 20 8120 1084 010 See introduction to this section for ordering information 67 Section VI Replaceable Parts Reference part Number Designation 8120 1359 8120 1360 8120 1361 8120 1348 00432 6010 1251 0172 1251 0172 00432 0008 00432 0009 1400 0084 Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Description THERMO CABLE SPECIAL PURPOSE 50 011 THERMO CABLE SPECIAL PURPOSE 100 FT 012 THERMO ESSPECIAL PURPOSE 200 013 CABLE ASSY POWER DETACHABLE CABLE ASSY POWER SWITCH CONNECTOR PC EDGE 1 ROW 22 CONTACT PART OF LOWER DECK CONNECTOR PC EDGE 1 ROW 22 CONTACT PART OF LOWER DECK BRACKET BATTERY UPPER 001 BRACKET BATTERY L
16. 10 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0346 A2RTT 0698 3160 R FXO MET FLM 31 6K OHM 1 1 8W 0698 3160 A2R78 0811 2277 R FXO ww 10K OHM 0 14 1 400 0811 2277 A2RT9 0811 2277 R FXD 10K OHM 0 14 1 40 0811 2277 0811 2537 R FXD WW 5K DHM 0 1 1 40w 0811 2537 2 NOT ASSIGNED A2R82 NOT ASSIGNED 0698 3441 MET 215 OHM 17 1 89 0698 3441 NOT ASSIGNED 2 85 NOT ASSIGNED 2 86 2100 1618 R VAR FLM 1 MEGOHM 20 LIN 1 28 2100 1618 22187 0583 1065 R3FXD COMP 10M OHM 53 l 4w CB 1065 0757 0405 MET FLM 162 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0405 251 3101 0973 SWITCH SLIDE 0 5 125 AC DC 6126 0018 AZTP 0359 0124 TERMINAL SOLOER LUG 0360 0124 See introduction to this section for ordering information Section VI Replaceabie Parts Model 432A Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts 0360 0124 Reference Designation Mfr Part Number TERMINAL SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINAL3SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINAL SOLDER 96 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINAL SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERNI NAL SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMENAL SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINAL SOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINALZSOLDER LUG 0360 0124 0360 0124 TERMINAL SGLDER LUG 0360 0124 00432 6003 SWITCH ASSY RANGE 00432 6003 0811 2536 R FXD 3167 OHM 0 1 1 408 0811 2536
17. 2 3 6 Model 432A Line Fuse For 115 Vac or for 230 Vac use 1 8 amp fuse Power Cord Input Use power cord provided HP 8120 0078 Line power limits are 115 230 Vac 48 440 Hz Check FUSE rating and position of line voltage slide switch before connecting power Line Voltage Slide Switch Set to line voltage available 115 or 230 Vac 48 440 Hz Mounting Hole for Option 002 Model Power Meters Thermistor mount cable connector installed and wired in parallel with front panel connector Only one mount at a time may be used with the power meter Section ITI Operating Information Input Connected directly to RF bridge Used for calibrating power meter with HP 8477A Power Meter Calibrator Also used for precision power measurements Vcomp Input Connected directly to compensation bridge Used for calibrating power meter with HP 8477A Power Meter Calibrator Also used for precision power measurements RECORDER OUTPUT Voltage from meter circuit to be used for recorder or digital volt meter Output impedance is approx 1000Q NOTE The photograph opposite is for illustration purposes only Figure 3 3 Rear Panel Controls and Connectors Sheet 2 of 2 3 7 Section III Model 432A Operating Information 432A POWER METER ip HEWLETT PACKARD FINE ZERO mW RANGE dBm y 10 COARSE ZERO Led Figure 3 4 Turn On and Zeroing Procedure Sheet 1 of 2 Model 432A Connect
18. 7 3 Figure 7 3 Figure 7 3 Figure 7 3 Model 432A 6 5V gt ic e 5 2V 4mV 2 7V ASSY Al Y LA ASSY A2 ASSY A7 Figure 7 4 Model 432A Test Point Locations Model 432A TABLE 7 5 AUTO ZERO CIRCUIT P O A1 TROUBLESHOOTING No CHECK 01 02 amp a ASSOCIATED CIRCUITRY Jine ENSURE EASURE VOLTS AT 7 WHILE VOLTAGE AT i DEPRESSING FINE o TURN ZERO ROTATE COARSE ZERO REPLACE CW amp CCH TAE BAD SEALED FET VOLT a TP8 Ts ASSEMBLY SET CCH 6 5V LIMITS AT CHECK RANGE CW 4 5V E SWITCH SHOULD BE AT LEAST YES TO ALTP8 8V VARIATION COARSE 2 ZERO CHECK no 3 TABLE 7 6 CHOPPER P O A2 TROUBLESHOOTING CHECK 100 RESISTOR 8 01 CAPACITOR OK BETWEEN BASE WHERE 59 WAVE IS BAD AND A2TP2 OR COLL 921 BAD CHECK 2 2 amp COLLECTOR Q21 VRE 8 Vcomp MULTIVIBRATOR TROUBLESHOOTING 0K CHECK 5KHZ BAD TABLE 7 7 SIGNAL AT GATE OF A2TP6 Q30 032 BAD CHECK 430 032 SERVICE HINT IF TROUBLESHOOTING CHOPPER FOR NOISE LIFT END OF C29 amp C31 AND SEE IF NOISE PERSISTS Model 4324 XX4DDED FOR LONG Di ed Uy oa a 4 mo 9 NW AN o aa a CABLE OPTIONS 11 12 R40 RIT 99 CR2 CRI AIAI AUTO ZERO CIRCUIT Figure 7 7 Al Bridge Assembly Component Locations RECORDER 94 115 230 R6 J5 LINE INPUT Figure 7 8 432A Rear Panel Interior Model
19. 989 90 978 91 967 92 957 93 946 94 935 95 926 96 916 97 907 98 897 99 889 880 Model 432A TABLE 5 4 PERFORMANCE TEST CARD Measurement Unit METER LINEARITY 1 mW applied 3 mW scale meter indicates 1 mW divisions 2 mW applied 3 mW scale meter indicates 2 mW divisions 3 mW applied 3 mW scale meter indicates 3 mW divisions ZERO CARRY OVER Zero Carry over Range mW Scope Indication 01 0 5 mVdc 03 0 5 mVdc 1 0 5 mVdc 0 5 mVde 0 5 0 5 mVdc 0 5 mVde FINE ZERO RANGE Meter indication on 0 3 scale divisions Meter indication on 0 3 scale 1 5 1 2 reading divisions of step f 20 1 div Section V Maintenance Section V Model 432A Maintenance NOTES 5 8 Model 432A Measure and record Note that the Vcomp jack is isolated from chassis ground meas ure from the center conductor of the BNC to the outer conductor h Calculate the power using the following formula 1 2 P 45 2 Vcomp Vo 1 1 where R is the resistance of the thermistor mount and should be identical to the setting of the MOUNT RESISTANCE switch i If calculated power is different from the value that was set with the COARSE ZERO control adjust A2R6 so that the meter reads calculated power If the range of A2R6 is insufficient to set new power it will be necessary to change the value of A2R70 j Set COARSE ZERO sothat meter reads 1 on the 0 to 1 sc
20. COMPONENT REPLACEMENT IN ETCHED CIRCUITS 5 49 General Etched circuit boards are sensitive to heat and to scratches with sharp objects This is because the conductors are plated onto the circuit boards and the plating extends through the component mounting holes Whenever possible avoid unneces sary component substitution it can damage the cir cuit board and adjacent components See Table 5 6 for recommended tools and materials 5 50 AXIAL LEAD COMPONENTS 5 51 Resistors tubular capacitors and other axial lead components can be replaced without unsoldering Cut the component leads near the body of the defec 5 13 Section V Maintenance Model 432A Table 5 7 Safe Ohmmeter Range for Transistor Resistance Measurements Safe Range s HP 412 HP 427A HP 410C HP 410B lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 4 lt lt lt lt lt Simpson 269 Rx1k R x 100 Rxik R x 10 Triplett 310 R x 100 tive component remove the component and straighten the leads left in the board Wrap leads of the re placement component one turn around the original leads solder the connection and clip off the excess lead Triplett 630 5 52 OTHER COMPONENTS 5 53 Replace other components as follows a Remove defective component from circuit board Use a low power soldering iron because excessive heat may lift a conductor or damage the board b Remove solder from mounting holes with a suc
21. Cover Replacement 5 9 2 17 Battery Storage 2 1 5 31 Bottom Cover Removal 5 9 2 19 Rack Mounting 2 1 5 32 Bottom Cover Replacement 5 9 2 21 Combining Case 2 1 5 33 Adjustment Procedures 5 10 2 23 Adapter Frames 2 2 5 34 Initial Setup 5 10 2 25 Repacking for Shipment 2 2 5 35 Mechanical Meter Adjustment 5 10 HI OPERATING INFORMATION 3 1 5 36 Bridge Amplifier Tests 5 10 3 1 3 1 5 37 Meter and Recorder Output 3 4 Controls Connectors and Indicators 3 1 Calibration 5 10 3 12 Battery Operation 3 1 5 38 Battery Charger Adjustment 3 17 Microwave Power Measurement Option 01 Only 5 11 3 2 5 39 Battery Removal 5 11 3 23 Calibrator Factor and Effective 5 40 Isolating Trouble in Transistor Efficiency 3 2 Circuits cual is a 5 11 3 27 Precision Power Measurement 3 2 5 46 Out of Circuit Testing 5 13 3 28 3 2 5 48 Component Replacement in 3 30 Measurement Procedure 3 2 Etched Circuits 5 13 5 50 Axial Lead Components 5 13 IV PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 4 1 5 52 Other Components 5 14 4 1 Simplified Description 4 1 4 5 Func
22. FIRST ON ONE SIDE OF DIVIDER THEN ON OTHER PUSH RETAINER UP TO LOCK 4156 2 Figure 2 2 HP Model 1051A Combining Case Instrument Installation Model 4324 Section Operating Instructions SECTION OPERATING INFORMATION 3 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 The Model 432A Power Meter operates with HP temperature compensated thermistor mounts such as the 8478B and 478A Coaxial and 486A Waveguide series The frequency range of the 432A with these mounts in 50 ohm coaxial systems is 10 MHz to 18 GHz in waveguide systems it is 2 6 GHz to 40 GHz Full scale power ranges are 10 microwatts to 10 mil liwatts 20 dBm to 10 dBm Extended measure ments may be made to 1 microwatt 30 dBm The total measurement capacity of the instrument is di vided into seven ranges selected by a front panel RANGE switch 3 3 This section describes general operating pro cedures and error analysis in microwave power meas urement Application Note 64 available on request from Hewlett Packard is a detailed analysis of mi crowave power measurement problems and techniques 3 4 CONTROLS CONNECTORS AND INDICATORS 3 4 The front and rear panel controls connectors and indicators are explained in Figure 3 2 The de scriptions are keyed tothe corresponding items which are indicated on the figure 3 6 The COARSE ZERO and FINE ZERO controls zerothe meter Zero carry over from the most sen sitive range to the other six ranges is with
23. NPN Silicon base emitter 200 1000 collector See Back Dating Appendix I To test for transistor action add collector base short Measured resistance should decrease high oftengreater than 1M emitter 5 11 Section V Model 432A Maintenance DEVICE SYMBOL CUT OFF CONDUCTING COLLECTOR 20V MAIN NPN TRANSISTOR CURRENT lt CONTROL EMITTER CURRENT COLLECTOR 20V PNP TRANSISTOR ee EMITTER CURRENT FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS BI POLAR TRANSISTORS METAL case BLACK EPOXY METAL CASE ini BLACK EPOXY PLASTIC TRANSISTORS DIODES DIODE SYMBOL 1 1 ANODE CATHODE WIDE END BE K EBC METAL CASE TRANSISTORS B E LE 77 SHIELD 85 Figure 5 4 Transistor Biasing and Operating Characteristics DUAL Model 432A Section V Maintenance Table 5 6 Etched Circuit Soldering Equipment Soldering Tool Soldering unsoldering Soldering Tip General Purpose Soldering unsoldering De soldering Aid Unsoldering multiconnection components Resin flux Sol vent Remove excess flux from soldered area before appli cation of protection coating Specification Item Recommended Wattage rating 37 5 Tip Temp 750 800 F Tip Size 1 8 OD Shape chisel Size 1 8 Suction device to remove mol ten solder from connection Must not d
24. PRIMARY POWER REQUIREMENTS 2 13 The Model 432A operates from 115 or 230 volts ac line voltage Line frequency may vary from 48 to 440 Hz A slide switch on the rear panel is moved to the correct position for the line voltage available Before operating the equipment ensure that the fuse installed in the instrument corresponds to the value marked on the panel for the line voltage available 1 8 amp slo blow 2 14 INTERNAL BATTERY OPERATION 2 15 Model 432A Option 001 instruments contain an internal battery and a battery charging assembly By connecting the 432A to an ac source the battery may be charged overnight The battery can be maintained in the charging state indefinitely without damage It will assume its full capacity 1 25 ampere hours and will not charge in excess of that This enables the instrument to operate for approximately 20 hours continuously without recharging 2 16 BATTERY INSTALLATION a Set power switch to off and remove power plug from rear panel b Remove top and bottom and side instrument covers c The battery is installed with the terminals toward the right hand side of the instrument when faced from the front The two terminals on the battery fit into spaces provided on the circuit board d Using the retaining nuts fasten the battery firmly in place Be careful not to short the battery terminals at any time as this may cause battery cell damage e Install assembly A7 battery charging boa
25. TO LOCK DIVIDER Model 432A instruments the same size as the Model 432A When instruments are installed in the combining case they may be installed or removed individually 2 23 ADAPTER FRAMES 2 24 The 5060 0797 Adapter Frame is shown in Fig ure 2 2 The frame will accept a variety of submod ular units in a manner suitable for rack mounting Submodular units in combination with any necessary spacers are assembled within the frame A submod ular unit cannot be removed individually 2 25 REPACKING FOR SHIPMENT 2 26 When returning an instrument to Hewlett Packardusethe original packing material If the orig inal foam type packing material is not available con tact an authorized HP Sales Office for assistance If this is not possible first protect the instrument sur faces by wrapping in heavy kraft paper or with sheets of cardboard flat against the instrument Protect the instrument on all sides using approximately 4 of packing material and pack in a durable container Mark the container clearly for proper handling and insure adequately before shipping 2 27 When an instrument is returned to HP for ser vice or repair attach a tag tothe instrument specifying the owner and desired action All correspondence should identify the instrument by model number and full eight digit serial number PUSH RETAINER DOWN TO RELEASE SLIDE INSTRUMENT INTO CASE O TO SET RETAINER BACK IN PLACE ENGAGE HOOKS
26. UF 80 20 023 101 1032522 0160 2055 CER 0 01 UF 80 20 100VDCW CO023F101F1032 22 COH 0160 0380 MY 0 22 UF 10 200VDCW 0160 0380 0160 2055 CER 0 01 UF 80 20 100VDCN C023F101F1032522 CDH 0160 3459 CER 0 02 UF 202 100 0 C023F101H203M 22CDH 0160 3459 CER 0 02 UF 20 100V0CW C023F101H203MS 22C OH 0180 0374 C FXD TANT 10 UF 10 20VDCW 1500106X902082 DYS 0160 2055 0 01 UF 80 20 amp 100VDCW C023F101F1032522 COn 0160 2055 CER 0 01 UF 80 20 10 C023F101F1032322 COH 1901 0040 DIODE sSLLICON 30MA 30WV F0G1088 NOT ASSIGNED 1901 0040 UIODE SILICON 30MA F0G1088 1853 0920 TSTR SI PNPISELECTEO FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTEO FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1853 0001 TSTR SI PNPISELECTEO FROM 2N1132 1853 0001 1854 0221 TSTR SI NPN REPL BY 2N4044 1854 0221 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTEO FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1853 0001 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED FROM 2 1132 1853 0001 1854 0221 TSTR SI NPNIREPL BY 2N4044 1854 0221 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1853 0020 TSTR 51 PNPISELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELE
27. full scale deflection This loading of the RE CORDER output has no effect on the accuracy of the 432A panel meter 3 10 A digital voltmeter can be connected to the rear panel RECORDER output for more resolution of power meter readings When a voltmeter with input impedance greater than 1 megohm is connected to the RECORDER output 1 volt equals full scale deflec tion 3 11 The 432A has two calibration jacks and Vcomp on the rear panel that can be used for pre cision power measurements Instrument error can be reduced from 1 to 0 2 of reading 5uW of reading depending on the care taken in measurement and on the accuracy of auxiliary equipment For fur ther information see Paragraph 3 27 3 12 BATTERY OPERATION 3 13 The Model 432A Option 001 instruments contain tery and conventional 115 or 230 volt line power A rechargeable Nickel Cadmium battery is factory installed in Option 01 instruments The same battery can be ordered and later installed on the basic instru ment thereby modifying the power meter to the Op tion 01 configuration The battery installation kit HP part number 00432 6016 including battery charg ing circuit may be ordered from the nearest HP Sales Office 3 14 It is recommended that the Model 432A be battery operated for up to eight hours and then al lowed to recharge eight hours or overnight Contin uous battery operation is possible for up to about 20 hours but then the ba
28. ic IRE E 200 RANGE z y uz ey ee wd 1mW CAL FACTOR A 2 2 ET 100 Model 432A d Adjust Zero control on 8477A for DVM indi cation of 0 000 001V e ZERO TEST on 8477A to TEST f Adjust A2R6 in 432A for 432A meter reading of 1 0 mW 01 mW g Adjust A2R74 in 432A for DVM reading of 1 0V 001V h Change the following settings 432A RANGE to 10 mW 8477A POWER mW to 10 mW and ZERO TEST to ZERO Note When switching 432A to 10 mW or switch ing from 10 mW to any other range the meter will react slowly for a short period This is due to time constants in the in strument and is normal i Check zero and adjust as necessary j Set ZERO TEST to TEST and adjust A2R86 for DVM reading of 1 00 001V Return432A RANGE and 8477A POWER switches 1 mW and zero as before 1 Adjust A2R6 for DVM reading of 1 000 001V m Perform the adjustments of steps h through 1 again until 432A reads 1 010V at recorder output on both 1 mW and 10 mW ranges Set 251 to OPERATE o Turn to the beginning of this section verify that the instrument meets its specifications by com pleting the PERFORMANCE TESTS 5 37A AUTO ZERO ADJUSTMENT A1R43 a Remove the right side panel b Connect a mount to the 432A and adjust COARSE ZERO Section V Maintenance c Switch RANGE to 20 dBm push FINE ZERO down and adjust A1R43 for a zero indication on the front panel meter d Rele
29. mW ZERO TEST TEST e The digital voltmeter should indicate 1000 10 millivolts f The 432A meter should indicate full scale 1 2 division g Repeat steps d through f for each of the other ranges Set the power meter range selector to the position indicated in Column 1 of Table 5 2 and set the 8477A meter reading selector to the correspond ing position indicated in Column 2 of Table 5 2 In eachcase the meter indications should correspond to those shown in Table 5 2 Columns 3 and 4 5 17 CALIBRATION FACTOR TEST a Set 432A controls as follows 251 on Meter Logic Assy CALIBRATE RANGE 45 3255 Be ue eave ae mE 0 1 mW CAL FACTOR uvas ane ese ads 88 MOUNT RESISTANCE 2009 b Set 8477A controls as follows FUNCTION ic aa ERA YE 2002 ZERO TEST Switch TEST POWER mW 0 1 mW c Set 8477A ZERO control so that the digital volt meter reads 1000 2 mV d Set the calibration factor selector to 89 e The digital voltmeter should indicate 989 10 millivolts f Repeat steps d and e for each position of the CALIBRATION FACTOR selector In each case the digital voltmeter should indicate the voltage shown in the second column of Table 5 3 for the CALIBRATION FACTOR shown in the first column 5 2 Model 432A Table 5 3 Calibration Factor Test Digital Voltmeter Indication mV 1000 2 Calibration Factor Selector Se
30. strip Select the proper values of re sistors R10 and R11 from the option kit Solder R11 across pins and 5 of in parallel with R5 and solder R10 across pins 6 and 8 of XAl in parallel with R3 e Locate the MOUNT RESISTANCE switch S3 on the back of the front panel Bridge resistors R2 and R4 are wired to the rear o S3 2 Model 432A see Figure 7 6 Choose the resistors supplied with the option kit for R12 and R13 Solder R12 across R2 and R13 across R4 f Capacitor C2 2 2 is connected across the rear of the FINE ZERO switch S4 see Figure 7 6 With the instrument resting on its top wire the positive lead of C2 to the terminal of S4 with the white black violet 907 wire and the negative lead to the terminal with the violet 7 wire g Remove the A2 Meter Logic Board A2C45 by referring to Figure 7 11 Remove the 60 capacitor and replace it with the 300 uF capacitor supplied with the option kit Observe the polarity as marked on the circuit board h Place the modification decal on the top center of the front panel i This completes the modification Install the Al and A2 boards back in the instrument Perform the adjustment procedures in Section V of this manual with the long cable POST SALES SUPPORT ADDRESS LISTo If you need technical assistance with a Hewlett Packard test and measurement product or application please contact the Hewlett Packard office or distributor in you
31. 0401 R FXD FLM 100 OHM 15 1 80 0757 0401 2100 1770 R VAR 100 OHM 5 TYPE H 2100 1770 0757 0461 MET FLM 68 1K OHM 1X 1 8W 0757 0461 0811 2284 R FXD OHM 0 14 1 7400 0811 2284 0757 0199 MET FLM 21 5K OHM 1 1 86 0757 0199 0811 2284 OHM 0 1 1 40w 0811 2284 0757 0199 MET FLM 21 5k OHM 1 149 9757 0199 0698 3260 FLM 464K OHM 1 1 8N 0698 3260 0757 0289 R FXD FLM 13 3K OHM 14 1 80 0757 0289 FOR OPT 012 See introduction to this section for ordering information Section VI Model 432A Replaceable Parts Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Reference Designation HP Part Number 0757 0439 06 98 3449 0757 0465 0757 0465 0757 0442 0757 0279 0757 0279 0757 0279 0757 0279 0698 3160 0698 3160 0757 0199 0757 0443 0698 3162 0698 3455 2100 1618 0683 1855 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 0360 0124 00432 6015 0180 1819 0180 0229 0160 2917 0160 2917 3140 0234 0140 0234 0180 1746 0140 0210 0160 0978 0160 2930 9180 2178 0160 2930 0189 1940 0180 0197 0160 2672 0180 0197 0160 2917 0160 2917 0160 2150 0180 0229 0160 2917 0180 0106 0180 0197 0180 0197 0180 0106 0180 1714 0160 2253 0160 2930 0180 0229 0160 2917 1901 0026 1901 0026 1901 0026 Qty Description R FXD FLM 6 81 OHM 1 1 84 FOR OPT 013 R FXD MET FLM 28 7K OHM 1 1 8w
32. 2R53 0698 3160 R FXO FLM 31 6K OHM 1 1 84 0698 3160 A2R54 0698 3428 R3FXD MET FEM 14 7 1 1 8W 0698 3428 A2R55 0698 3160 RIFXO FLM 31 6 15 0598 3160 A2R 56 0698 3260 R3FXO 464K OHM 1 1 8w 0698 3260 A2R56 FACTORY SELECTEO PART 2 57 0757 0442 R3FXD FLM 10 0K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0442 2858 0698 3260 R FXD MET FLM 464K 1X 1 8w 0698 3260 2859 0698 3260 R FXD FLM 464K OHM 1 1 84 0698 3260 A2R60 0698 0084 FLM 2 15K OHM 13 1 8W 0698 0084 A2R61 0683 1055 COMP 1 5 1 44 CB 1055 A2R61 NOT ASSIGNED A2R62 NOT ASSIGNEO A2R63 0698 3260 MET FLM 464K OHM 1X 1 8M 0698 3260 A2R64 0757 0439 R3FXD 6 81K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0439 A2R65 0757 0442 RSFXO FLM 10 0K OHM 12 0757 0442 A2R66 0757 0461 R FXD MET FLM 68 1K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0461 2667 0698 3160 R FXD 31 6 OHM 17 1 8w 0698 3160 0757 0442 R3FXD MET FLN 10 0K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0442 A2R69 0698 3438 R3FXD FLM 147 14 1 84 0698 3438 A2RTU 0698 3156 MET FLM 14 7K OHM 15 1 8m 0698 3156 A2RTl 0698 3160 MET FLM 31 6K OHM 1 1 88 0698 3160 0757 0401 R3FXO 100 OHM 1 1 801 0757 0401 A2RT3 0757 0199 R FXO MET 21 5K OHM 1 1 8 0757 0199 A2R T4 2100 1769 R VAR WW 50 OHM 5 TYPE H iW 2109 1769 A2R75 0698 4466 R FXD FLM 976 OHM 1 1 8N 0698 4466 AZRTO 0757 0346 R FXO FLM
33. 3053 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNPLSELECTEO FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 1854 0071 TSTR2SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPN SELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 0698 3635 1 MET 680 5 24 0698 3635 0757 0280 R3FXD FLM OHM 14 1 8W 0757 0280 0757 0346 MET FLM 10 OHM 14 0757 0346 0757 0439 MET FLM 6 81K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0439 0757 0280 R FXD MET FLM OHM 15 1 8w 0757 0280 0757 0199 MET FLM 21 5K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0199 0698 3156 MET FLM 14 7K OHM 1 1 8w 0698 3156 FACTORY SELECTED PART R VAR WW 10K OHM 5 H 2100 1776 2100 1776 See introduction to this section for ordering information 6 6 Section VI Model 432A Replaceable Parts Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Designation CHASSIS MISCELLANEOUS PARTS 1420 0062 BATTERY SRECHARGEABLE 24V 1420 0062 001 0160 3043 C FXD CER 2 X 0 005 UF 20 250VAC 29C14 0180 0197 EL ECT 2 2 UF 10 20VO0CH 1500225X992042 DYS OPT Olle 012 013 2140 0244 LAMP GLON MINIATURE 95V 2110 0234 0 1 250V SLOW 8LOW 313 100 5 1251 1280 CONNECTOR AUDIO 6 FEMALE CONTACTS 1251 1280 00432 2005 NUT CONNECTOR 00432 2005 1250 0118 CONNECTOR BNC 2848 128 1 1250 0118 CONNECTOR 283R 128 1 1250 0118 CONNECTOR 28JR 128 1 1251 2357 SOCKET 3 PIN MALE POWER RECEPTACLE 301 CPART OF REAR PANEL 1120 1497 METER 1120 149
34. 3A TO AITP6 THERMISTOR MOUNT CABLE Figure 5 3 Bridge Amplifier Test 5 10 Model 432A 5 36 BRIDGE AMPLIFIER TESTS a Connect equipment as shown in Figure 5 3 b Compensation Bridge 1 Connect 3440A 3443A between A1TP5 and AITP6 using 10K isolation resistors 2 Make the following settings 432A RANGE ise ice ce ee 10 mW MOUNT RESISTANCE 2002 8477A FUNCTION a atea ee Cry ia SET 3 Adjust A1R12 OFFSET ADJUST for 0 0 0 1 mVdc reading on the digital voltmeter 4 Change 8477A FUNCTION to CHECK The digital VM reading should not exceed 0 4 mVdc c RF BRIDGE 1 Connect DVM between A1TP3 and A1TP4 using 10K isolation resistors in series with the leads 2 Set 8477A FUNCTION to SET Adjust A1R15 OFFSET ADJUST for DVM reading of 0 0 0 1 mVdc 3 Change 8477A FUNCTION to CHECK The reading should not exceed 0 4 mVdc Note Failure of the instrument to meet the spec ification of steps b 4 and 3 above in dicates insufficient bridge gain Refer to Tables 7 3 or 7 4 in the troubleshooting section 5 37 METER AND RECORDER OUTPUT CALIB RATION a Connect the DVM to the 432A RECORDER out put b Set 8477A controls as follows FUNCTION u ehe Se RES Ss 2002 ZERO 2 4 sb RM 1mW c Set 432A controls as follows A281 on Meter Logic Assy CALIBRATE MOUNT RES 4439
35. 432A 5 18 545245 la 8 R86 2 2 CRIS m one Pe po e A o gt R56 795 634 6820 927 55 ass 2 RIT 00 98 m 2 20230 22 o 3 bi T 5 41228 dat R7O f R72 815 59 meg 00 2x C43 C45 C47 c42 49 I 22 Figure 7 11 A2 Meter Logic Assembly Component Locations Model 432A Appendix I APPENDIX MANUAL CHANGES 22 OCTOBER 2007 Notification Obsolescence of Model 432A 100 The Reason for Obsolete Model 432A 100 Model 432A 101 was obsolete in November 2005 due to parts depletion Replacement product for Model 432A 100 The Model 432A 100 has been replaced with Model 432 101 as this product supports 100 VAC line voltage input Ordering Information Customers should place order for Model 432A 101 instead of Model 432A 100 AI 1 Model 432A Appendix APPENDIX Il INSTALLATION OF LONG CABLE OPTIONS Information in this appendix describes installation of the long cable options used with the 432A Power Meters Table AII 1 lists the options cable length and stock numbers After completion of the installation procedures the power meter should be recalibrated using the procedures in Section V of this manual NOTE These cable option kits are for mount resistances of either 100 or 200 o
36. 5 32 BOTTOM COVER REPLACEMENT a Set the tilt stand out of the way of the cover b Rest the bottom cover flat on the case guides projecting inward near the bottom of each side frame c Slide the cover forward on the guides so that the formed portion at the rear of the cover slides over the two short projections at the rear corner of each side frame d Replace the retaining screw 5 9 Section V Maintenance 5 33 ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES 5 34 INITIAL SETUP a Remove the power meter side panels b Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 5 1 Refer to Table 5 1 for equipment specifications 5 35 MECHANICAL METER ADJUSTMENT a When the meter is properly zero set the pointer rests over the zero mark on the meter scale when the instrument is 1 at normal operating temperature 2 in its normal operating position 3 turned off b Set the pointer as follows to obtain best accur acy and mechanical stability 1 Turn instrument off 2 Rotate the meter mechanical adjustment Screw clockwise until the meter is to the leftof zero and moving up the scale toward zero Stopwhen the pointer is exactly over the zero mark If the pointer overshoots repeat step 2 3 When the pointer is exactly on zero rotate the adjustment screw approximately three degrees counterclockwise This frees the adjustment screw from the meter suspen sion If the pointer moves during this step repeat steps 2 and 3 3440A 344
37. 698 3260 MET FLM 464K OHM 14 1 84 0598 3260 A2R26 0757 0442 FLM 10 0K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0442 A2R2T 0757 0442 MET 10 0K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0442 A2R28 0698 3156 R3FXD MET FLM 14 7K OHM 14 1 88 0698 3156 A2R29 0757 0397 R FXD MET FLM 68 1 OHM 14 0757 0397 A2R30 NOT ASSIGNED 2831 NOT ASSIGNED A2K32 0757 0199 R FXD MET FLM 21 5K OHM 1 1 8 0757 0199 A2R33 0757 0442 RsFXO FLM 10 0K OHM 15 1 8w 0757 0442 A2R34 0757 0465 R3FXD FLM 100K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0465 A2R35 0698 3266 RiFXD MET FLM 237K OHM 14 1 80 0698 3266 A2R30 0757 0461 R3FXD FLM 68 1K 1 1 8w 0757 0461 A2R3T 0698 3160 31 5 OHM 1 1 8W 0598 3160 A2R38 0757 0465 R FXD FLM 100K OHM 12 1 8W 0757 0465 28 39 0698 3155 R3FXD FLM 4 64K OHM 1 1 8wW 0698 3155 AZR40 0698 3155 R FXD FLM 4 64K OHM 14 1 8 0698 3155 A2RG1 0757 0465 R FXD MET FLM 100K OHM 14 1 8W 0757 0465 A2R42 0683 1065 R FXD COMP 10M OHM 5 1065 A2R43 0757 1094 R FXD MET FLM 1 47K OHM 1 1 80 0757 1094 A2R NOT ASSIGNED A2K45 NOT ASSIGNED 2 0757 0465 RiFXD MET 100K OHM 14 1 8W 0757 0465 0683 1065 R FXO COMP 10M GHM 5 1 4w 1065 A2R lt 8 NOT ASSIGNED A2R49 ASSIGNED A2R50 0757 0280 1K OHM 1 178 0757 0280 A2R51 0698 3260 464K OHM 1 1 0098 3260 A2R52 0757 0279 R FXD FLM 3 16K OHM 1X 1 8N 0757 0279 A
38. 7 9310 0017 KNUB SKIRTEO BAR FOR 0 250 DIA SHAFT 0370 0077 RANGE 0370 0193 KNUBSROTARY POINTER BLACK 0370 0193 FACTOR 0370 0432 KNOB BLACK LEVER 0370 0432 MT RES 5040 0345 INSULATOR CONNECTOR LIGHT GRAY 5040 0345 5040 0702 INSULATOR CONNECTOR BLACK 5040 0702 0403 0131 GUIDE P C BOARD GREY 0403 0131 0403 0026 GLIDE NYLON 0403 0026 001 00432 0005 BRACKET TRANSFORMER 00432 0005 00432 0006 LOWER 00432 0006 00432 0007 DECK UPPER 00432 0007 00432 0011 BRACKET 00432 0011 2100 2849 50K OHM 3 LIN 24 2100 2849 2950 0034 NUTSHEX BRASS 3 8 32 X 1 2 2950 0034 00432 2004 3 BUSHING PANEL 00432 2004 0811 2538 R FXD WW 100 OHM 0 18 1 108 0811 2538 0811 2538 R FXD 100 OHM 0 12 1 10W 0811 2538 0811 2538 R FXO WW 100 OHM 0 14 1 100 0811 2538 0811 2538 R FXD 100 OHM 0 1 1 10 0811 2538 0757 0984 R FXD FLM 10 0 OHM 1 1 24 0757 0984 0757 0984 R FXD FLM 10 0 OHM 1 1 2N 0757 0984 0757 0198 R FXO MET FLM 100 OHM 1 1 24 0757 0198 0757 0458 FLM 51 1 OHM 1 1 84 0757 0458 0757 0200 FLM 5 62K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0200 FOR OPT 011 0698 3151 R FXD MET 2 87K OHM 1 1 88 0698 3151 012 0757 0317 FLM 1 33k OHM 1 1 8 0757 0317 FOR 011 0757 0288 FLM 9 09K OHM 1 1 84 0757 0288 FOR OPT 011 0698 3155 R FXD MET 4 64K 17 1 88 0698 3155
39. 86A P486A K486A R486A WAVEGUIDE MOUNT ACCESSORIES 11515A Circular Flange Adapter for K486A 11516A Circular Flange Adapter for R486A 1 2 Model 432A 1 7 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 1 8 This instrument is designed for indoor use only 1 9 The module may be operated at temperatures from 0 Cto 55 C at altitudes of up to 4 600 m 15 000 ft The module may be operated in environments up to 95 relative humidity to 40 C but it should be protected from temperature extremes which may cause condensation 1 10 To ensure adequate cooling do not obstruct air vents in the instrument cabinet 1 11 COOLING REQUIREMENTS 1 12 To provide adequate cooling an air gap of approximately 75 mm should be maintained around the instrument NOTE If the HP 432A is subject to HP Class B condensation it is recommended that the instrument be powered up for at least 30 minutes before normal operation 15 possible CAUTION This instrument is designed for use in Installation Category II and Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 1010 1 and 644 respectively 1 13 CLEANING 1 14 To clean the module instrument Use a soft clean damp cloth to clean the front panel and side covers CAUTION CAUTION WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING Section I Mains supply voltage fluctuations should not exceed 10 of the nominal selected line voltage Before switching on this instrument make sure that the line voltage slide switch is
40. ANGE switch and the CALIBRATION FACTOR switch The output of the calibration factor amplifier is V This current is fed to the electronic switch A square wave current with amplitude proportional to VCOMP VRF Model 432A 4 15 The VCOMP VRF signal is obtained by tak ing the two de voltages from Al assembly through a summing circuit and feeding this voltage to a voltage to time converter The voltage to time converter is driven by a 5 kHz multivibrator The output of the voltage to time converter is a signal whose pulse width is proportional to the sum of VCOMP VRF This signal controls the electronic switch From the VCOMP VRF and VCOMP VRF inputs the elec tronic switch provides a 5 kHz pulse train whose am plitude is proportional to VCOMP VRF and whose pulse width is proportional to VCOMP VRF The pulse width is always 90 msec or less 4 16 The bias circuit switch and filter provides a zero current reference for the meter circuits This is accomplished by controlling the dc bias to the first stage of the calibration factor amplifier This cir cuit in effect restores the dc component to the square wave which has been amplified by ac coupled amplifiers 4 17 The meter is a 0 1 mA full scale meter that has a capacitor across its terminals The capacitor integrates the output pulses from the current switch so the current into the meter is proportional to the time average of the input pulses That is the input cu
41. CTEO FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 0698 3260 FLM 464K OHM 1 1 84 0698 3260 0686 1055 R FXD COMP 1 MEGOHM 5 1 2N 1055 0698 3160 R FXD FLM 31 6 OHM 14 1 8 0698 3160 0698 3160 R3FXD FLM 31 6K OHM 14 1 88 0698 3160 0698 3160 R FXD MET FLM 31 6K OHM 1 1 8 0698 3160 ASSIGNED 0698 3156 0757 0465 0698 3136 0698 3441 0757 0401 MET 14 7K OHM 1 1 8W 0693 3156 R FXD FLM 100K OHM 14 1 8W 0157 0465 R FXD MET FLM 17 8K OHM 1 1 8N 0698 3136 R FXD MET FLM 215 OHM 1 148W 0698 3441 R FXD 100 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0401 2100 1770 0757 0439 R VAR WW 100 OHM 5 TYPE H 2100 1770 R FXO FLM 6 81K GHM 1 1 84 0757 0439 FOR OPT 013 R FXD 28 7K OHM 14 1 8W 0698 3449 OPT 011 en o m 0698 3449 0757 0461 R FXD FLM 68 1K DHM 1 1 3w 0757 0461 0757 0443 MET FLM 11 0K OHM 13 1 88 0757 0443 FOR OPT 013 0698 3162 R3FXD FLM 46 4K OHM 1 1 84 0698 3162 011 0811 2284 K3FXD WW OHM 021 i 40wW 0811 2284 0757 0199 R FXO FLM 21 5K OHM 1 0757 0199 0811 2284 R FXD WW OHM 0 1 14404 0811 2284 NOT ASSIGNED NOT ASSIGNED 0698 3441 R FXO MET FLM 215 OHM 12 1 84 0698 3441 0695 3160 R FXD MET 31 6K OHM 15 1 80 0698 3160 0695 3160 RIFXD 31 6K OHM 1 1 80 0698 3160 0698 3156 R FXD MET FLM 14 7K OHM 14 1 8w 0698 3156 0757 0465 R FXD FLA 100K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0465 0757
42. IAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING LOSS OF PROFITS WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY Responsibilities of the Customer The customer shall provide 1 Access to the products during the specified periods of coverage to perform maintenance 2 Adequate working space around the products for servicing by Hewlett Packard personnel 3 Access to and use of all information and facilities determined necessary by Hewlett Packard to service and or maintain the products Insofar as these items may contain proprietary or classified information the customer shall assume full responsibility for safeguarding and protection from wrongful use 4 Routine operator maintenance and cleaning as specified in this manual 5 Consumables such as paper disks magnetic tapes ribbons inks pens gases solvents lamps filters fuses seals etc Regulatory Information Certification Assistance Notice Model 432A Hewlett Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory Hewlett Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Bureau of Standards to the extent allowed by the Bureau s calibration facility and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett Pac
43. IN VIEW CALIF COMPONENTS INC NEWTON MASS SPECIALTY CONNFZTOR CO INC INDIANAPOLIS IND HFWLETT PACKARD CORPORATE 40 PALO ALTO CALIF PALO ALTO CALIF HEWLETT PACKAPD CO MICROWAVE DIV SPRAGUE ELECTRIC N ADAMS MASS CORP CHICAGO ILL CINCH MFG C3 DIV TRW INC ELK GROVE VILLAGE ILL ERIE TECHNSLIGICAL PROD INC ERIE PA LITTELFUSF INC DES PLAINES ILL DAK MFG CO DIV JAK ELECTAI NETICS CORP CRYSTAL LAKE ILL CONTINENTAL 4IRT FLESTRONICS C339 WARMINSTER PA ELFCTRONIC INDUSTRIFS ASSOCIATION WASHINGTON D C SHITCHCRAFT INC CMICAGO ILL JSALLALA NEBR INDUSTRTFES ANAHEIM CALIF RADIO MATERIALS CO C4ICAGO ILL See introduction to this section for ordering information 6 9 6 10 Model 432A Section VII Troubleshooting Schematics SECTION VII TROUBLESHOOTING SCHEMATICS AND COMPONENT LOCATIONS 7 1 INTRODUCTION 7 2 This section contains troubleshooting instruc tions schematics and component locations for the power meter Also included is an overall block dia gram that indicates the location of test points in the instrument 7 3 Reference designations shown within circuit card outlines are abbreviated To find the part inthe Parts List use the full reference designation For example R6 on the A2 Meter Logic Assembly is listed as A2R6 7 4 The Schematic Notes in Table 7 1 pertain to all the schemat
44. OMP 6 8 OHM 5 1 4W 86865 AZR3 0757 0835 R FXD MET FLM 6 81K OHM 1 1 29 0757 0835 A2R4 NOT ASSIGNED 285 0757 0447 RSFXO FLM 16 2K OHM 1 1 80 0757 0447 A2R6 2100 1773 WW 5 TYPE H 2100 1773 A2RT 0757 0289 R FXD MET FLN 13 3K OHM 1 1 88 0757 0289 AZRA 0757 0280 R3FXO MET FLM 1K OHM 14 1 8 0757 0230 A2R9 0757 0458 R FXD MET FLN 51 1K OHM 14 1 8w 0151 9458 A2R10 0757 0401 R FXD 100 OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0401 A2R11 0757 0465 R FXD MET FLA 100K OHM 17 1 89 0757 0465 A2R12 0757 0442 R FXD FLM 10 0K OHM 1 1 3w 0757 0442 A2R13 0757 0447 R FXD MET FLA 16 2K OHM 1 1 8MW 0757 0447 22814 ASSIGNED 42615 2616 2617 0757 0442 0757 0279 0757 0198 R FXD FLM R FXD FLM See introduction to this section for ordering information 10 0K OHM 14 1 8W 3 16K OHM 1 1 8wW 100 OHM 14 1 2 0757 0442 0157 0279 0757 0198 Section VI Model 432A Replaceable Parts Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Reference Hp Part Number Description Mfr Code Mfr Part Number Designation A2R18 0698 3401 R3FXD 215 OHM 13 1 24 3698 3401 2819 ASSIGNED A2R20 NOT ASSIGNED A2K21 0698 3156 R FXD MET FLM 14 7K OHM 12 1 88 0698 3156 A2R22 0757 0442 R FXD MET 10 0K OHM 1 1 8W 0757 0442 A2R23 0757 0442 R FXO MET FLM 10 0 OHM 1 1 0757 0442 A2R24 0698 3260 R FXD MET FLM 464K OHM 12 1 8 0698 3260 2625 0
45. OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL HP 432A POWER METER SERIAL NUMBERS For important information about serial numbers see INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION in Section I Manual Part No 00432 90079 Table of Contents Model 432A TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page Section Page I GENERAL INFORMATION 1 1 V MAINTENANCE Cont 1 1 Description 1 1 5 14 432A Performance Tests with 1 5 Instrument Identification 1 1 8477A Calibrator 5 1 1 7 Operating Environment 1 3 5 15 Initial Setup 5 1 1 11 Cooling Requirements 1 3 5 16 Meter Accuracy Test 5 1 1 13 Cleaning 1 3 5 17 Calibration Factor Test 5 2 5 18 Meter Linearity Check 5 2 II INSTALLATION 2 1 5 19 Zero Carryover Test 5 2 2 1 Initial Inspection 2 1 5 20 Fine Zero Range Check 5 3 2 2 Mechanical Check 2 1 5 21 432A Calibration Without 2 4 Performance Checks 2 1 8477A Calibrator 5 3 2 6 Damage Claims 2 1 5 24 Calibration Procedure 1 5 3 2 9 Three Conductor Power Cable 2 1 5 26 Calibration Procedure 2 5 9 2 12 Primary Power Requirements 2 1 5 27 Cover Removal and Replacement 5 9 2 14 Internal Battery Operation 2 1 5 29 Top Cover Removal 5 9 2 16 Battery Installation 2 1 5 30 Top
46. OWER COPT 001 FUSEHOLDER EXTRACTOR POST TYPE See introduction to this section for ordering information Model 432A Mfr Part Number 8120 1359 8120 1360 8120 1361 KHS 7041 00432 6010 250 22 30 210 250 22 30 210 00432 0008 00432 0009 342014 Section VI Model 432A Replaceable Parts Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Reference Designation Mfr Part Number Description CABINET PARTS 5060 0703 FRAME ASSY 6 X il SM 1490 0031 STAND TILT 5040 0700 HINGE 5060 0727 FOOT ASSY 5060 0103 1490 0031 5040 0700 5060 0727 BN 5020 0700 5000 0703 5000 8565 5060 0706 5060 8549 SPACER CABINET SIDE COVER BLUE GRAY SIDE COVER CLIVE GRAY TOP COVER BLUE GRAY TOP COVER OLIVE GRAY 5020 0700 5000 0703 5000 8565 5060 0106 5060 8549 5000 0711 5000 8571 00432 00022 5000 0711 5000 8571 BOTTOM COVER BLUE GRAY BOTTOM COVER OLIVE GRAY REAR PANEL NNO 00432 00022 00432 00021 00432 00033 5020 0704 5020 7633 FRONT PANEL LIGHT GRAY FRONT PANEL MINT GRAY METER TRIM LIGHT GRAY METER TRIMS MINT GRAY 00432 00021 00432 00033 5020 0704 5020 7633 Table 6 2 Code List of Manufacturers MANUFACTURERS AS 06 03 72 MANJFACTURER NAME ADDRESS ALLEN BRADLEY MILWAJKEE 415 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 142 5 2 292708 COMPONENTS DIV DALLAS TEX MUTIROLA SEMICONDUCTO3 PHOENIX ARIZ FAIRCHILD CAMERA E INST CORP SEMICUNDUCTOR DIV MOUNTA
47. SE ZERO screwdriver adjust so that the meter indicates zero 3 Set 432A RANGE switch to 01 mW De press the FINE ZERO switch The meter indication should go to zero without over shoot g Rotate the RANGE switch clockwise one stepat a time while the oscilloscope is sweeping On each 432A range the scope trace should be within 01 mW division 5 mW from where it was on the 01 mW range 5 20 FINE ZERO RANGE CHECK a Set the 432A RANGE selector to 0 3 mW Leave the thermistor mount connected to the cable and the MOUNT RESISTANCE selector set to correspond to the resistance of the mount used b Depress the FINE ZERO switch c Slowly turn the COARSE ZERO screwdriver adjustment counterclockwise until the meter will no longer zero The FINE Zero circuit is at one end of its range d Release FINE ZERO e Set the COARSE ZERO screwdriver adjustment so that the meter indicates full scale on the 0 3 scale 0 3 mW range Section V Maintenance f Depress FINE ZERO switch the fine zero cir cuit is at the other end of its range Meter should indicate below 2 on the 0 3 scale Record the indi cation g Release FINE ZERO h Rotate RANGE switch to COARSE ZERO posi tion The fine zero circuit is now in the center of its range The meter reading shouldbe 1 5 1 2 reading of stepf 0 1 div on the 0 3 scale 5 21 432A CALIBRATION WITHOUT 8477A CALI BRATOR 5 22 The 432A Power Meter can be calibrated w
48. TED 2N1711 1854 0003 A2010 1853 0001 51 PNPIGELECTED 2N11321 1853 0001 A2011 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPN SELECTED 2N3704 1854 0071 2912 ASSIGNED 42919 ASSIGNED 42020 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED 2N3702 1853 0020 2021 1854 0005 TSTRISI NPN 2N708 42022 1854 0071 TSTRISI 5 2N3704 1854 0071 42023 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNLSELECTEO 2N3704 1854 0071 A2024 1854 0005 TSTR SI NPN 2N708 42025 NOT ASSIGNED 2026 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNESELECTED 2N3704 1854 0071 42027 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNESELECTED 2N3T0 41 1854 0071 42028 1854 0009 TSTR SI NPN 2NTO9 22929 1854 0009 TSTR SI NPN 2N709 42030 1855 0062 TSTR SI FET 30 2N1595 42031 NOT ASSIGNED 2032 1855 0062 YSTR SI FET 30V 2N1595 2033 NOT ASSIGNED 22034 1854 0071 51 NPNLSELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 42035 1854 0071 TSTRISI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 42036 1853 0015 TSTR 1 PNP 2N3640 A2037 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 A2038 1855 0052 TSTR SI FET 30V 2N1595 42039 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPN SELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 2050 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNASELECTEO FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 A2041 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 42042 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNPISELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 2043 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNISELECTED FROM 2437041 1854 0071 42044 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPN SELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 2 1 0757 0279 MET FLA 3 16K OHM 18 1 8 0757 0279 A2R2 0683 0685 RiFXD C
49. ain position s potentiometer peak to peak point peak working voltage 12 rectifier radio frequency round head or right hand vacuum tube neon bulb photocell etc VR voltage regulator w cable x socket Y crystal z tuned cavity network RMO rack mount only RMS root mean square RWV reverse working voltage 5 alow blow SCR screw SE selenium SECT section s SEMICON semiconductor SI silicon SIL silver slide SPG spring SPL special SST stainless steel SR split ring STL steel TA tantalum TD time delay TGL toggle THD thread TI titanium TOL tolerance TRIM trimmer TWT traveling wave tube U micro 10 VAR variable VDCW dc working volts w with w watts WIV working inverse voltage ww wirewound w o without 6 1 Section Replaceable Parts Model 432A Table 6 1 Replaceable Parts Reference HP Part Number Qty Description Mfr Part Number Designation 00432 60024 BOARD ASSY BRIDGE 00432 60024 00432 6011 ASSY AUTO ZERO 00432 6011 0140 0374 TANT 10 UF 10 20v0CH 1500106X902082 DYS 0160 2055 C FXD CER 0 01 UF 80 20 C023F101F1032522 CDH 0160 2055 C FXD CER 0 01 UF 80 20 LOOVDCH 023 101 1032522 0160 0380 MY 0 22 UF 10 200V0CW 0160 0380 0160 2055 CER 0 01 UF 60 204 100 Co23F101F1032522 CDH 0160 2055 CsFxD CER 0 01
50. aired fuses or short circuited fuseholders For continued protection against fire replace the line fuse s only with fuse s of the same voltage and current rating and type DO NOT perform procedures involving cover or shield removal unless you are qualified to do so Operating personnel must not remove equipment covers or shields Procedures involving the removal of covers and shields are for use by service trained personnel only DO NOT service or adjust alone Under certain conditions dangerous voltages may exist even with the equipment switched off To avoid dangerous electrical shock service personnel must not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is present DO NOT operate damaged equipment Whenever it is possible that the safety protection features built into this product have been impaired either through physical damage excessive moisture or any other reason REMOVE POWER and do not use the product until safe operation can be verified by service trained personnel If necessary return the product to a Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Office for service and repair to ensure the safety features are maintained DO NOT substitute parts or modify equipment Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the product Return the product to a Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Office for
51. ale Set A2R72 for 1 000V 10 mV at the RECORDER output jack on the rear panel 5 25 There is a simpler form of the equation that was used to calculate power in step habove This form ignores VQ the small voltage difference between the two bridges with no power applied However VO becomes negligible on the higher ranges that is 1 mV and above and can be ignored with little decrease in accuracy The simpler form is as follows tb P aR Ver Vc 2 5 26 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 2 a Connect thermistor mount to power meter let instrument warm up for at least ten minutes b Select 1 3 or 10 mW range c Turn COARSE ZERO control clockwise to indicate some convenient on scale reading d Measure Vcomp andrecord Notethat Vcomp jack is isolated from chassis ground measure from the center conductor of the BNC to the outer conduc tor e Measure VRF and record Follow measurement procedure in step d f Measureand record VCOMP VRF This term must be measured differentially that is one side of the DVM connected to VCOMP and the other side con nected to Vnr In this way the full resolution of the DVM can be used g Substituting the measured values into the above formula calculate the power This formula is accurate for on scale readings however with no power applied i e V1 Vo it does not solve to P 0 because of a deleted term VO This term can be neglected for any on scale reading
52. ange to be used Set CALIB FACTOR switch to correspond to Calibration Factor imprinted on HP thermistor mount label Apply RF power to the thermistor mount Power is indicated on the meter directly in mW or dBm NOTE The photograph opposite is for illustration purposes only Figure 3 4 Turn On and Zeroing Procedure Sheet 2 of 2 3 9 Section IV Model 432A Principles of Operation 5 kHz MULTIVIBRATOR PULSE WIDTH PROPORTIONAL JUL VOLTAGE TO TIME CONVERTER RF BRIDGE RF IN CHOPPING g ELECTRONIC SUMMING SWITCH CIRCUITS Vcomp pt RR COMPENSATION BRIDGE AMPLITUDE PROPORTIONAL t 10 VRP 3 RANGE y CALIBRATION FACTOR AMPLIFIERS AUTO ZERO CIRCUIT Figure 4 1 Simplified 432A Block Diagram Model 432A Section IV Principles of Operation SECTION IV PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION 4 1 SIMPLIFIED DESCRIPTION 4 2 The HP 432A Power Meter consists of two ma jor sections the bridge and meter logic assemblies The instrument also contains an auto zero circuit which provides for automatic zeroing on any range A simplified block diagram of the HP 432A is shown in Figure 4 1 4 3 The bridge section contains circuits which form two self balancing bridge circuits when a suitable thermistor mount is connected to the 432A Each bridg
53. ar wave at the collector of 929 The period of this wave is 200 usec 5 kHz and its symmetry varies with the amplitude of Amplifier Electronic Switch Q24 is driven from saturation to cut off The square wave Q44 switches output current from calibration factor amplifier to the meter circuit for the duration of the drive pulse from Q29 CR15 is normally back biased For Option 01 units when the battery is discharged meter supply voltage goes to 6V so the meter indicates RECHG BAT output is 180 out of phase from the signal from 021 12 clamps the maximum positive level at 0 6 volts C23 decouples the 5 kHz signal from LOGIC ASSEMBLY wo the power supply 30 pA Current Source Meter Circuits Q20 supplies constant current to charge C25 to generate a ramp The voltage of Integrator capacitor C42 filters the current pulses so that meter current the 7 volt supply controls the ramp and V V M is adjusted for meter accuracy COME RF V rol Vcomp A form low pass filter R74 cali SKH7 Switch brates the RECORDER OUTPUT for E MULTIVIBRATOR eV Amplifier pun cti Clock Multivibrat Amper Q26 is either cut off or saturated depending 1 volt at full scale meter deflection tock Multivibrator Q21 is driven from on the state of the multivibrator When 026 CR14 bypasses R73 for meter cur
54. ase FINE ZERO and replacethe right side panel 5 38 BATTERY CHARGER ADJUS TMENT OPTION 01 ONLY a Remove the power meter top panel b Connect 432A to ac line power and turn ON c Set A7R8 fully counterclockwise for maximum battery charge rate d With thedigital voltmeter measure the voltage between 1 and 2 e AdjustA7R8 for digital voltmeter reading of 0 2 to 0 4 volt 20 to 40 mA through R3 when battery is fully charged f Disconnect the test equipment and power and replace the power meter top and side panels 5 39 BATTERY REMOVAL a Remove the top cover b Removethe two Phillips screws on the top rear of the battery cover c Lift off the battery cover d Loosen the nuts on the battery binding posts e Lift out the battery 5 40 ISOLATING TROUBLE IN TRANSISTOR CIRCUITS 5 41 General The following information should helpdetermine if a transistor works There are tests for both in circuit and out of circuit transistors which help to determine if a particular trouble is due to a faulty transistor of some other component See Figure 5 2 Table 5 5 Out of Circuit Transistor Resistance Measurements Small Signal emitter emitter PNP Germanium emitter emitter Small Signal collector Connect Ohmmeter Positive Lead to Measure Resistance ohms emitter 1K 3K emitter very high might read open
55. citance in microfarads unless otherwise indicated Strewdriver adjustment Front panel control Front panel designation Rear panel designation Printed circuit card border Main signal path Secondary signal path Secondary feedback path P O part of iw Wiper moves toward CW when control rotated clockwise Test point Number in circle matches number on printed circuit card Breakdown diode Tunnel diode Wire color code Numerical color code same as resistor coding For example 947 denotes white yellow violet wire Indicates socket connections and pin numbers Model 4324 TEST POINT MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS AND VOLTAGES Measurement Conditions 1 3 mW 2 200 ohm mount 3 100 CAL FACTOR 4 COARSE ZERO turned to get full scale deflection 5 Measurements made with respect to CHASSIS GROUND Test Point Voltages Test Point 1 1 1 2 1 AITP4 1 5 1 AITP7 1 8 1 A2TP1 A2TP2 A2TP3 A2TP4 A2TP5 A2TP6 A2TP7 A2TP8 A2TP9 A2TP10 1 2 Voltage 5 5 2 2 2 2 1 6 5 4 mV N 1 1 1 9 Waveform Waveform 7 Nominal 13 Nominal Waveform Waveform Waveform Waveform Waveform 1 Variable 1 6 Variable Notes RANGE to COARSE ZERO meter zeroed Varies from 0 to 13 V under normal operating conditions Thermistor ground Figure 7 3 Figure 7 3 Chassis Ground Figure 7 3 Figure
56. dici n Test and Measurement Semiconductores Semiconductor Products y An lisis Qu mico Chemical Analysis que pertenec an a Hewlett Packard ahora forman parte de Agilent Technologies Para reducir una potencial confusi n el nico cambio en el n mero de producto y nombre es el prefijo de la compa a Si el producto sol a ser HP XXXX ahora pasa a ser Agilent XXXX Por ejemplo el modelo HP8648 es ahora Agilent 8648 ix FA BI EA POB A TIA EAS i UE EZ AT EN RA Pos ds WER ASE AGA AEHP H8 AFTER PIU t ibm 8 648 MERN nz 4 08 648 Document Part Number 5971 2668 Printed in Malaysia September 2004
57. e Vg between and Vo Y comp Y RF e Release the FINE ZERO toggle and turn on or reconnect the RF power to the thermistor mount f Measure again the differential voltage V1 be tween Vo OMP Vi Vcomp VRF g Measure Vcomp to ground h Calculate incident RF power from the equation 1 2 aR 1 Vo V P RF EFFECTIVE EFFICIENCY where R is the thermistor mount resistance 3 3 Section Model 432A General Information 432A POWER METER Gig HEWLETT PACKARD FINE ZERO mW RANGE dBm Figure 3 2 Front Panel Controls Connectors and Indicators Sheet 1 of 2 3 4 Model 432A POWER Instrument power ON OFF switch connects either ac line voltage or internal battery Option 01 only to internal voltage regulator circuits When ac power is on optional battery charging circuit operates COURSE ZERO Meter zero adjustment set the RANGE selector to COURSE ZERO turn OFF the RF power and adjust to zero the meter RANGE Power measurement range selector selects ranges from 0 01 to 10 milliwatts 20 to 10 dBm COURSE ZERO setting is used to zero meter with no power applied to thermistor mount FINE ZERO Electronic zero that balances the compensation bridge with zero RF input To zero meter during operation close the switch momentarily Be sure that RF power is not applied to the thermistor mount when the FINE ZERO
58. e 3 3 for location of VRF and VCOMP outputs d While pressing the FINE ZERO switch meas ure and record VQ Vo is the difference of the bridge voltages with no power applied e Turn COARSE ZERO control on front panel clockwise to a convenient power e g 9 onthe 0 to 10 scale or 2 on the O to 3 scale f Differentially measure and record 1 1 15 the difference voltage between VCOMP and VRF with power applied 5 3 Section V Model 432A Maintenance NOTES 5 4 Model 432A Section V Maintenance INSTRUMENT SERIAL NO DATE TABLE 5 4 PERFORMANCE TEST CARD Data in this test card corresponds to Performance Tests in Paragraphs 5 16 through 5 20 5 5 Section V Model 432A Maintenance TABLE 5 4 PERFORMANCE TEST CARD Para Measurement Ref Test Unit Actual METER ACCURACY 0 01 mW applied measure RECORDER OUT voltage mVdc Meter indicates full scale 0 1 scale divisions Repeat on remaining 432A power ranges Power applied 0 03 mW mVde Meter indication 0 3 scale divisions Power applied 0 1 mW mVdc Meter indication 0 1 scale divisions Power applied 0 3 mW mVdc Meter indication 0 3 scale divisions Power applied 1 mW mVdc Meter indication 0 1 scale divisions Power applied 3 mW mVdc Meter indication 0 3 scale divisions Power applied 10 mW mVde Meter indication 0 1 scale divisions CALIBRATION FACTOR Calibration Factor DVM Reading mVdc 88 1000 89
59. e and specification This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with publication EN61010 1 1993 IEC 1010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1994 CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 1993 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition Model 432A General Safety WARNING Regulatory Information The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation service and repair of this instrument Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design manufacture and intended use of the instrument Hewlett Packard Company assumes no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements This is a Safety Class I instrument provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the powercord The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the instrument is likely to make the instrument dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited DO NOT operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in the presence of flammable gasses or fumes DO NOT use rep
60. e is automatically brought to bal ance by the ac tion of a high gain dc amplifier feeding power to the top of the bridge The voltage at the top of the RF bridge VRF is responsive to both input RF power and ambient temperature changes The voltage at the top of the compensation bridge VCOMP isresponsive only to ambient temperature changes Knowing VRF and VCOMP the RF power can be calculated 4 4 The meter logic section processes VRF and VCOMP to produce a meter current proportional to RF power The sum VRF VCOMP controls the width of 5 kHz pulses The difference VCOMP VRF is chopped amplified and fed to an electronic Switch actuated by the controlled width pulses There fore the meter current is pulses of variable height and width with the meter indicating the average cur rent This process produces a meter current pro portional to VRF VCOMP VRF VCOMP Par agraph 4 10 explains why this is necessary 4 5 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 4 6 A functional block diagram of the 432A power meter is shown in Figure 4 2 The instrument com prises two major assemblies bridge assembly Al and meter logic assembly A2 Autozerocircuit A1A1 which provides for automatic zeroing of the instru ment is included as part of logic assembly Al 4 7 The thermistor bridges are biased with direct current from the bridge amplifiers Each bridge amplifier supplies enough heating current to bring the thermistor resistance to 100 or 200 oh
61. ecommended when the source SWR is high or when more accuracy is required For further de tails there is a complete discussion of microwave power measurement with emphasis on modern tech niques accuracy considerations and sources of error available in Application Note 64 3 27 PRECISION POWER MEASUREMENT 3 28 GENERAL 3 29 Using precision instruments and careful pro cedures measurement error can be reduced to 0 2 of reading 40 5 uW The technique involves 1 zero ing thebridge circuits and measuring the bridge amp lifier output voltage difference with a digital volt meter then 2 connecting RF power to the thermistor mount and then measuring the bridge amplifier output voltage difference again and 3 calculating the power from the two measurements Figure 3 1 shows the instrument setup for dc substitution measurement Use an HP Model 3440A DVM with a 3443A Plug in Unit or a digital voltmeter with equivalent accuracy 3 30 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE a Connect the DVM to the 432A rear panel Vcomp and VRF outputs Be sure that the digital voltmeter input is isolated from chasses ground b Turn off or disconnect the RF power from the thermistor mount Model 432A 34404 3443A THERMISTOR MOUNT CA RF nog SB Figure 3 1 Precision Power Measurements Section Operating Information c Zero the 432A with the COARSE ZERO controls d Depress the FINE ZERO toggle and measure the differential voltag
62. ermistor mount 4 9 The RF bridge voltage VRF and the compen sation bridge voltage VCOMP contain the RF power information To provide a meter reading proportional to RF power the dc voltages VRF Vcomp must be further processed by the meter logic circuits 4 10 The required processing is derived as fol lows Pgis absorbed power needed by the RF therm istor to bring its resistance to R ohms 100 or 200 ohms Pg consists of two components RF power and power supplied bythe 432A The self balancing action of the bridge circuit automatically adjusts the dc power so that the total power in the thermistor is Po This dc power is relatedto the voltage VRF at the top of the bridge by 2 2 Thus Po RF power DC power Ver 4R RF power 4 11 RF power can be determined by measuring VRF withand withoutapplied RF power and then doing some arithmetic But this power measuring scheme is neither convenient nor temperature compensated since changes with temperature The 432A in troduces another thermistor bridge circuit exposed to the same ambient temperature but not RF power This circuit includes adjustments COARSE and FINE ZERO sothat the de voltage VCOMP at the top of its bridge can be set equal to VRF Assuming matched RF and compensation thermistors with no RF power and VCOMP remain equal with ambient tem perature fluctuation They differ only when the RF power to be measured is a
63. et for details Options 001 Rechargeable battery installed provides up to 20 hours continuous operation 002 Rear thermistor mount input connector wired in parallel with front panel input connector 003 Input connector placed on rear panel instead of front Note Thermistor mount cable impedance is part ofthe 432A input bridge circuit For cables ps e 20 feet long and over the bridge 15 matched to specific cable options so the various Accessories Furnished 5 ft 1 42 m cable for HP cables should not be interchanged temperature compensated thermistor mounts 7 x 1 2 ft 2 29 m power cable NEMA plug 3 05 cable for 100 ohm 200 010 20 foot 6 10 m cable for 100 ohm or 200 ohm mount 011 50 foot 15 24 m cable for 100 ohm or 200 ohm mount Accessories Available 00432 6016 Rechargeable Battery Pack for field installation 5060 0797 Rack Adapter Frame holds three in struments the size of the 432A 012 100 foot 30 48 m cable for 100 ohm or 200 ohm mount 8477A Power Meter Calibrator 013 200 foot 60 96 m cable for 100 ohm or 200 11076A Carrying Case ohm mount Table 1 2 Thermistor Mounts for the 432A HP Model Frequency Range GHz Operating Resistance Ohms COAXIAL MOUNTS 478A Type N Connector 200 8478B Type N Connector 200 8478B Option 11 APC 7 Connector 200 WAVEGUIDE MOUNTS S486A G486A J486A H486A X486A M4
64. f 2 AI 011995 Uuorje1edo jo s Idrour d VES S F Bridge Current Source Q15 amp Q11 supply bias current to the bridge circuit to maintain correct thermistor resistance RF power to the thermistor decreases its resis tance Q11 then supplies less current to compensate Q15 provides current gain to drive Q11 iP Thermistor Bridge Consists of the thermistor R29 R27 and R5 R4 and R5 for 200 ohm thermistors The MOUNT RESISTANCE switch adjusts the bridge circuit for 100 ohm or 200 ohm thermistors The bridge output is taken from 83 and is applied to Q12A B As RF input power increases the thermistor resistance decreases and requires less feedback current rom Q11 Accordingly decreases with increasing RF input STOR BRIDGE ASSEMBLY 100037 60028 99 and Q10 amplify the voltage difference between the collectors of Q12 A B av Differential Amplifier Q12A B amplily voltage differences be tween the two sides of the bridge Q13 is a high impedance current source for high amplifier common mode rejection R15 is a balance potentiometer to equalize the base voltages of Q12 A and B C8 C9 R28 and C7 R24 for roll off above about 100 Hz C6 and C11 filter out RF inter ference The guard rings around the base connections of Q12 A amp Q12B protect the base circuits from leakage current across the board
65. he 432A inputs as shown in Figure 5 1 Use appropriate test equipment as listed in Table 5 1 3440A 3443A RECORDER OUTPUT REAR THERMISTOR MOUNT CABLE Figure 5 1 Check and Adjustment Test Set Up b If necessary mechanically zero the meter movement as follows 1 With instrument turned off rotate meter adjustment screw clockwise until pointer approaches zero mark from the left 2 Continue rotating clockwise until pointer coincides with zero mark If pointer over Shoots continue rotating adjustment screw clockwise until pointer once again ap proaches zero mark from the left 3 Rdate adjustment screw about three de grees counterclockwise to disengage Screw adjustment from meter suspension 9 16 METER ACCURACY TEST a Set the 8477A Calibrator controls as follows POWER MW 0 01 mW FUNCTION euni eese 2 2002 ZERO TEST eb a m wg ZERO b Set the 432A controls as follows A281 Meter Logic Assy CALIBRATE MOUNT 2002 RANGE ob tulad kx Bienes Le Ba 0 1 mW POWER a I ON CALIBRATION FACTOR 100 c Adjust 8477A ZERO knob for 0 volts 2 mV in dication on the DVM 5 1 Section V Maintenance Table 5 2 Meter Accuracy Test Digital Voltmeter Indication milli Indication Full volts 10 mV scale 1 2 Div d Set the 8477A controls as follows 0 01
66. hms 2 Depending on the option selected the following components are added or replaced with parts supplied with the option kits a C2 b R10 R11 R12 and R13 AIR32and A1R42 d A2C45 3 The following equipment is required for the installation of the long cable options a Soldering Tool wattage rating 37 5 b De soldering aid Pozidriv screwdriver small d Pozidriv screwdriver medium Table 1 432A Power Meter Long Cable Options Cable Length Option Kit Number feet 009 10 010 00432 6018 00432 6019 00432 6020 00432 6021 00432 6022 20 50 100 200 4 No substitution can be made for long cables listed in Table 1 Long cables from the older power meters such as the 431 series cannot be interchanged with 432A long thermistor cables because of resistance variations 5 If a long cable option of 20 feet or longer is used with a balanced thermistor mount such as the HP 8478B pins 2 and 4 must be shorted at the mount end of the cable This short can be accomplished with an 11527A Adapter available from Hewlett Packard The 11527A connected between the mount and the cable can be removed for instrument operation with an un balanced mount NOTE If a 432A has been modified for a particular cable option 1t is incompat ible with all other cable lengths 6 The parts required for the modification are listed in Table 6 1 and shown on the ap
67. ics Additional notes on the schematics indicate test conditions and special information for use when maintaining the instrument 7 5 TROUBLESHOOTING 1 6 Table 7 2 is the Overall Troubleshooting chart for the power meter Procedures for isolating circuit malfunctions to specific stages are based on the use of the HP 8477A Power Meter Calibrator and the cali bration procedures in Section V The information obtained when calibration is attempted is used to troubleshoot the instrument 7 7 Table 7 2 contains references that direct the user tothe detailed troubleshooting charts Tables 7 3 through 7 11 The detailed charts refer the user to transistor stages In a few instances specific parts are calledout as being possible causes of circuit mal function however the troubleshooting charts are not intended to locate specific parts that havefailed They are intended to locate only malfunctioning stages 7 8 SCHEMATICS 7 9 The schematics contain signal routing infor mation nominal voltage levels and notes that assist in understanding the circuit They are laid out to show electrical operation and are not intended as wiring diagrams 7 10 Component location photographs next to the schematic foldouts indicate the physical location of parts Test points are also shown and are marked on the schematic in the same manner as they are in the meter 7 11 Factory selected parts are indicated by an as terisk These are component
68. in 0 5 When RANGE switch is set to COARSE ZERO the meter indicates thermistor bridge unbalance and the front panel COARSE ZERO adjust is for initial bridge balance For best results FINE ZERO the 432A on the particular meter range in use 3 7 The CALIBRATION FACTOR switch provides discrete amounts of compensation for measurement uncertainties related to SWR and thermistor mount efficiency The Calibration Factor value permits di rect meter reading of the RF Power delivered to an impedance equal to the characteristic impedance Zo of the transmission line between the thermistor mount and the RF source Calibration Factor values are marked on the label of each 8478B 478A or 486A Thermistor Mount For further details see Para graph 3 23 3 8 The MOUNT RESISTANCE switch on the front panel compensates for three types of thermistor mounts Model 486A waveguide mounts can be used by setting the MOUNT RESISTANCE switch to 1002 2000 depending on the thermistor mount used refer to Table 1 2 The 2000 position is used with Models 478A and 8478B Thermistor Mounts 3 9 The rear panel BNC connected labeled RE CORDER provides output voltage linearly propor tional to the meter current 1 volt into an open cir cuit equals full scale meter deflection This voltage is developed across a 1K resistor therefore when a recorder with a 1K input impedance is connected to the RECORDER output approximately 5 volt will equal
69. issolve etched circuit base board material or conduc tor bonding agent Ungar 776 handle with Ungar 1237 Ungar PL113 Soldapult by the Edsyn Company Arleta Calif Freon Acetone Lacquer Thinner Isopropyl Alco hol 100 dry Solder Component replacement cir cuit board repair or wiring Resin flux core high tin con tent 60 40 tin lead 18 gauge SWG preferred Contamination corrosion Protective Coat 1 protection after soldering ing Good electrical insulation cor rosion preventive properties Krylon Inc Norristown Pennsylvania 5 42 In Circuit Testing In transistor circuit test ing the most important consideration is the transis tor base emitter junction Like the control grid of a vacuum tube this is the control point in the transis tor 5 43 Tocheck a transistor first seeif the emitter base diode is forward biased by measuring the volt age difference between emitter and base When using an electronic voltmeter do not measure directly be tween emitter and base there may be sufficient loop current between the voltmeter lead to damage the transistor Instead measure each voltage sepa rately with respect to a voltage common point e g chassis 5 44 If the transistor base emitter junction is forward biased the transistor conducts If the diode is heavily forward biased the transistor satura
70. ith out an 8477A Calibrator using a method similar to the precision power method outlined in Paragraph 3 27 5 23 A major difference between the two measure ments is that external power need not be applied when calibrating the instrument Normally in a stable en vironment the VCOMP Output voltage remains con stant not being affected by external RF power only the VRF output varies during power measurement Since the power that the meter indicates is propor tional to VCOMP and VRF we can cause the meter to indicate a power also by holding VRF constant and varying VCOMP This is easily done on the 432A by turning the COARSE ZERO control Two calibration procedures are given below Full scale readings are not possible on the 10 mW RANGE Full scale read ings are possible on the 3 mW RANGE depending on the mount characteristics 5 24 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 1 a Connect thermistor mount to power meter let instrument warm up for at least ten minutes b Select range which instrument is to be calibrated on Note Ranges below 0 3 mW require a precise differential voltmeter capable of resolv ing 1 uV The 7408 DC Standard A Voltmeter which has an accuracy of 0 005 of reading 0 0004 of range 1 pV is recommended A digital volt meter is adequate for the 1 0 mW and higher ranges c Connect Differential Voltmeter or DVM differ entially between the VCOMP and output jacks on the rear panel See Figur
71. kard products For any assistance contact your Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Office Addresses are provided at the back of this manual The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied or reproduced without the prior written consent of the manufacturer Hewlett Packard Ltd Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision b 3 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 52 227 7013 Hewlett Packard Company 3000 Hanover Street Palo Alto California 94304 Statement of Compliance Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Information Safety Information vi This product has been designed to meet the protection requirements of the European Communities Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC directives EN55011 1991 Group 1 Class A EN50082 1 1992 IEC 1000 4 2 1995 ESD IEC 1000 4 3 1995 Radiated Suseptibility IEC 1000 4 4 1995 EFT In order to preserve the EMC performance of the product any cable which becomes worn or damaged must be replaced with the same typ
72. l of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Cana dian Standards Association and indicates compliance to S the standards layed out by them Model 432A Noise Declaration LpA lt 70dB am Arbeitsplatz operator position normaler Betrieb normal position nach DIN 45635 pt 19 per ISO 7779 Regulatory Information 1x Section I Model 432A 10N FACTOR 4324 POWER METER 9 CALIBRAT ww PAKARO e FINE ZERO RANGE v E Ol MOUNT RESIS Fi 5 I lode 43 2 I ower Meter Model 432A Section 1 SECTION GENERAL INFORMATION 1 1 DESCRIPTION 1 2 The Hewlett Packard Model 432A Power Meter with HP temperature compensated thermistor mounts measures RF power from 10 microwatts 20 dBm to 10 milliwatts 10 dBm full scale with 1 of full scale accuracy from 10 MHz to 40 GHz With a selector switch the instrument normalizes the power meter reading to compensate for the Callibration Factor of a thermistor mount used for a given measurement For portable operation Option 01 instruments have a rechargeable nickel cadmium battery See Table 1 1 for complete specifications 1 3 The Model 432A has provision for dc substitution measurements and for power meter calibration An output is provided for recorders or digital voltmeter readout 1 4 Accessories Two accessories are supplied wi
73. ltage pulses to output current pulses that drive the meter circuit Q4l isa Q30 and Q32 are switches that are operated alternately by the f 5 kHz Multivibrator signal When 930 conducts 932 oon common emitter amplifier and Q42 is the out ducting the signal level at TP6 equals signal Q32 ne 0 put current source Q43 is a negative current level at 2 equals Vg p when 932 conducts Therefore 1655 0062 source about 1 3 mA so that the meter zero E 664K circuits have adjustment range above and below the peak to peak amplitude of the output signal is equivalent zero to Vcomp e Range Amplitier o REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS Calibrate Operate Selector cae assy as assy The gain of the range amplifier is variable rom 1 to 31 6 and is n A2R88 is connect across A2R43 in the CALIBRATE controlled by varying the feedback voltage with the RANGE selec position This reduces the charge time on A2C29 to tor The input section is a differential amplifier and its output 6 provide for optimum frequency response and reduced goes to two cascaded common emitter amplifiers Feedback is s AS ASSY test time when calibrating the 432A from the output Q37 collector to the base of Q35 C46 and C34 at and R54 keep the amplifier from oscillating 4 10 CHASSIS Summi
74. ms de pending upon the setting of the MOUNT RESISTANCE Switch on the 432A If one of the thermistor bridges isunbalanced due to incorrect thermistor resistance an error voltage occurs and is amplified by the bridge amplifier The error voltage is applied to the top of the bridge and changes the power dissipation of the negative temperature coe ficient thermistor The change of power dissipation causes the resistance to the thermistor to change in the direction required to balance the bridge Application of RF power to the RF bridge heats ihe thermistor and lowers its resist ance The bridge circuit responds by reducing the dc voltage applied to the top of the bridge thus maintain ing bridge balance 4 8 Ifambient temperature causes changes in the thermistor resistance the bridge circuits respond by applying an error voltage to the bridges to main tain bridge balance The voltage at the top of the RF bridge is dependent upon both ambient temperature and the RF input The voltage at the top of the com pensation bridge is dependent upon the ambient tem perature only The power meter reading is brought to zero with no applied RF power by making VCOMP equal to VRF so VCOMP VRF equals zero Since ambient temperature causes both thermistors to re Spond similarly there will be no net difference be tween the amplifier output voltages Therefore any difference in output volrages from the bridges is now due to RF power absorbed by the th
75. neral neither the source nor the thermis tor mount has Zo impedance andthe actual impedances are known only as reflection coefficients mismatch losses or SWR The power delivered to the thermis tor mount and hence the mismatch loss can only be described as being somewhere between two limits The uncertainty of power measurement due to mismatch loss increases with SWR Limits of mismatch loss are generally determined by means of a chart such as the Mismatch Loss Limits charts in Application Note 64 The total mismatch loss uncertainty in power measurement is determined by algebraically adding the thermistor mount losses to the uncertainty caused by source and thermistor mount Zo match 3 21 RF Losses RF losses account for the power entering the thermistor mount but not dissipated inthe detection thermistor element Such losses may be in the walls of a waveguide mount the center conductor of a coaxial mount capacitor dielectric poor con nections within the mount or due to radiation 3 22 Instrumentation Error The degree of inability of the instrument to measure the substitution power supplied tothe thermistor mount is calledpower meter accuracy or instrumentation error Instrumentation error of the Model 432A is 1 of full scale 0 C to 55 3 23 CALIBRATION FACTOR AND EFFECTIVE EFFICIENCY 3 24 Calibration factor and effective efficiency are correction factors for improving power measurement accuracy Both fact
76. ng Junction Vcomp and Vg p are summed at the junction of R78 and R79 In the 200 ohm position A2R78 A2R79 Feedback Loop 2950 and R14 provide a Vcomp Vgr 2 voltage Selects the range amplifier gain Calibration Factor Selector to the Voltage to time Converter M in discrete steps from 1 to 31 6 A4S1 controls resistive feedback to amplifier to vary current gain in discrete steps Current output is increased 12 for 88 cali bration factor PET for power ranges rom 0 3 mW to 0 01 mW respectively In all other ranges amplifier gain Te equals 1 and the switch atten exis uates the output Maximum at tenuation is 31 6 in the 10 mW range Circuit Grounds C45 CR22 and CR23 isolate the power supply common from the thermistor common connection C45 couples the grounds at 5 kHz but blocks de CR22 CR23 are normally nonconducting but keep the thermistor ground close to power ground in case they are not connected thru a thermistor mount and cable Figure 4 4 Model 432A Meter Logic Talking Schematic Sheet 2 of 2 I9POIN jo AI 8 7 149 2304 50 400 LINE INPUT P O Al THERMISTOR BRIDGE ASSEMBLY 25 2 BATTERY RECHARGE SIGNAL A 1 t 52 4 1 4 1 1 1 5 C45 CRI 4 CR6 8 NOTE VOLTAGES SHOWN IN LINE OPERATION BATTERY BEING CHARGE
77. ont of the manual If the numbers are different information is supplied either on yellow Manual Change Supplements or in an Appendix in the Manual If the change information is missing contact your HP Sales Office Sales Offices are listed at the back of the Manual SERIAL PREFIX HEWLETT RACKARD COMPANY SER 1234A98765 MADE IN U S A Figure 1 2 Instrument Identification Specifications Fine Zero Automatic operated by toggle switch Recorder Output 1 000 volt into open circuit corresponds to full scale meter deflection 1 0 on O 1 scale 0 5 1000 ohm output impedance BNC connector RFI Meets all conditions specified in MIL I 6161D Power 115 or 230 Vac 10 48 to 440 Hz 13 VA max Optional rechargeable battery provides up to 20 hours continuous operation Automatic battery recharge Weight Net 6 1 2 lb 3 kg Weight with Optional Battery Pack Net 9 1 4 lb 4 2 kg Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 55 C Storage Temperature 20 to 60 C Humidity Up to 95 Relative Humidity at 40 C EMC Meets EN55011 1991 Group 1 Class A and EN50082 1 1 1 Section 1 Model 432A Table 1 1 Specifications Cont Dimensions Combining Cases 1051A 11 1 4 in 286 mm deep D 1052A 16 3 8 in 416 mm deep NOT Hrs ced UNETE mic ies The combining cases accept the 1 3 module HP 8 FOR MONT INCLUDING FEET instruments for bench use or rack mounting See 10514 data she
78. ors are marked on every HP ther mistor mount Calibration factor compensates for thermistor mount VSWR and RF losses whenever the thermistor mount is connected to an RF source without a tuner Effective efficiency compensates for ther mistor mount RF losses when a tuner is used in the measurement system 3 25 When the 4324 CALIBRATION FACTOR selec tor is set to the appropriate factor indicated on the thermistor mount the power indicated by the meter is the power that would be delivered by the source to 3 2 Model 432A a load impedance equal to Zo More accurately relationship between indicated power and the power available to Zo load is given by the following equation P indicated 1 Calibration Factor where power available to a Zo load Pg source reflection coefficient Dya thermistor mount reflection coefficient _ SWR 1 P SWR 1 Calibration factor does not compensate for source VSWR or for multiple reflections between the source and the thermistor mount 3 26 Tominimize mismatch between the source and the thermistor mount without a tuner insert a low SWR precision attenuator in the transmission line be tween the thermistor mount and the source Since the mount impedance and corresponding SWR deviates significnatly only at the high and low ends of a micro wave band it is generally unnecessary to use a tuner A tuner or other effective means of reducing mismatch error is r
79. pecifications in Table 1 1 are the performance standards If the power meter fails to meet any of the performance test specifica tions refer to the troubleshooting diagrams 5 6 ADJUSTMENTS 5 7 Proceduresdescribe the adjustments necessary to calibrate the power meter Adjust the power me ter only when it is determined that the meteris out of adjustment and not malfunctioning due to a circuit failure 5 8 To avoid errors due to possible ground loop currents isolate the power meter from ground used for other auxiliary equipment A power plug adapter that removes the ground connection at the line outlet can be used to isolate the power meter 5 9 Several circuit components are factory selected to meet specific circuit requirements The factory selected parts are indicated on the schematic dia grams 5 10 TEST EQUIPMENT 5 11 Instruments and accessories required for ad justing and testing the power meter are listed and briefly described in Table 5 1 Instruments used to maintain the instrument must meet or exceed the specifications given 5 12 SERVICE INFORMATION 5 13 Service information in the form of trouble shooting waveforms schematics and component lo cations are given in Section VII Also an overall system block diagram is included which contains keyed numbers corresponding to the test points 5 14 432A PERFORMANCE TESTS WITH 8477A CALIBRATOR 5 15 INITIAL SET UP a Connect the 8477A outputs to t
80. pplied to the RF thermis tor Thus we have when RF power 0 and 2 COMP 0 Po 4R 4 1 Section IV Principles of Operation Combining equations we have V COMP2 _ RF2 4R RF power 4R or V 2 Vpp2 COMP RF RF power v VRF 4R COMP COMP 4 12 Thus an power measurement reduces to setting with zero RF power ini tially measuring VCOMP and VRF and computing with the above formula The 432A carries out the computation by forming the indicated sum and differ ence performing the multiplication and displaying the result on a meter 4 13 The meter logic circuits change the two de voltages totwo pulse signals which contain all the RF power information One of the signals will be a square wave whose amplitude is proportional to VCOMP VRF The other signal will have a pulse width pro portional to VRF 4 14 The VCOMP VRF Signal is obtained by tak ing the de voltage outputs from the Al assembly and applying them to a chopper circuit This chopper circuit is driven by a 5 kH2 multivibrator The out put of the chopper is a square wave signal whose am plitude is proportional to VCOMP VRF The output of the chopper is coupled to the range amplifier and then to the calibration factor amplifier The amplifi cation that the signal receives in these two amplifiers depends upon the setting of the R
81. propriate Service Sheet 7 OPTION 009 INSTALLATION Option 009 10 foot cable requires no modification to the 432A Power Meter The longer cable is substituted for the standard five foot thermistor cable 9 OPTION 010 INSTALLATION a Remove the right side and top covers from the 432A Remove the Al Bridge Assembly circuit board from the instrument b Referring to Figure 7 7 locate the board position where A1R42 is to be placed Install the 261K 1 0 125W resistor supplied with the kit in that position c Place the modification decal on the top center of the front panel d This completes the Option 010 installa tion Before replacing the top and side panels connect the ten foot cable and perform the bridge amplifier adjustments in Section V of this manual Appendix 10 OPTION 011 THROUGH 013 INSTAL LATION a Remove both side top and bottom covers Remove the Al Bridge Assembly b Locate the printed circuit board eyelets in which A1R32 and A1R42 are to be placed by referring to Figure 7 7 Note that one end of these resistors will be placed inside the guard rings that attach to the bases of A1Q12B and A1Q7B There is a vacant eyelet provided inside the guard rings to make this connection c Install the correct value A1R32 and A1RA2 for the desired option d Place the 432A on its top Figure 7 5 re veals the location of bridge resistors R3 and R5 on terminal
82. r addresses Iden tify parts by their Hewlett Packard stock numbers 6 5 To obtain a part that is not listed include a Instrument model number b Instrument serial number Description of the part d Function and location of the part REFERENCE DESIGNATORS fuse MP filter integrated circuit Q jack R relay RT inductor 5 loud speaker T meter TB microphone TP ABBREVIATIONS henries hardware NPO hexagonal mercury hour s NPN hertz intermediate freq NRER impregnated incandescent NSR include s insulation ed OBD internal OH kilo 1000 ox left hand um linear taper PF lock washer logarithmic taper PH BRZ low pass filter PHL milli 10 3 PIV meg 108 ENE metal film metallic oxide manu acturer PORC mega hertz miniature Por momentary PP mounting PT tt tt mylar PWV nano 10 9 RECT normally closed RF neon RH nickel plate u n non n n H H H H H H H Hon ou mechanical part plug transistor resistor thermistor switch transformer terminal board test point normally open negative positive zero zero temperature coefficient negative positive negative not recommended for field replacement not separately replaceable order by description oval head oxide peak printed circuit picofarads 107 farads phosphor bronze Phillips peak inverse voltage positive negative positive Part of polystyrene porcel
83. r country Asia Pacific Hong Kong 852 2599 7889 India 91 11 682 6000 Japan Hewlett Packard Japan Ltd Measurement Assistance Center 9 1 Takakura Cho Hachioji Shi Tokyo 192 8510 Japan Tel 81 426 56 7832 Fax 81 426 56 7840 Korea 82 2 769 0800 Malaysia 60 3 291 0213 Philippines 63 2 894 1451 PRC 86 10 6505 0149 Singapore 1800 292 8100 Taiwan 886 3 492 9666 Thailand 66 2 661 3900 For countries in Asia Pacific not listed contact Hewlett Packard Asia Pacific Ltd 17 21 F Shell Tower Times Square 1 Matheson Street Causeway Bay Hong Kong Tel 852 2599 7777 Fax 852 2506 9285 Australia New Zealand Hewlett Packard Australia Ltd 31 41 Joseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 Australia 1 800 629 485 October 2007 Canada Hewlett Packard Canada Ltd 5150 Spectrum Way Mississauga Ontario L4W 5G1 905 206 4725 Europe Africa and Middle East Austria 0 1 25000 0 Belgium and Luxembourg 02 778 3417 Baltic Countries 358 08872 2100 Czech Republic 420 2 4743111 Denmark 45 99 10 00 Finland 90 88 721 France 0 1 69 82 60 60 Germany 0180 532 62 33 Greece 30 1 7264045 Hungary 36 1 4618219 Ireland 01 284 4633 Israel 972 3 5380333 Italy 02 92 122 241 Netherlands 020 547 6669 Norway 22 73 57 50 Poland 48 22 6087700 Portugal 11 482 85 00 Russia 7 095 928 6885 Fax 7 095 916 9844
84. rd in the space provided for it just ahead of the battery f Reinstall instrument covers and adjust circuit Instrument is now ready for operation 2 17 BATTERY STORAGE 2 18 Store the battery at or below room temperature Extended storage at high temperature will reduce the cell charge but will not damage the battery if the storage temperature is below 140 F Install the battery in the instrument and recharge before using Model 432A in battery operation 2 19 RACK MOUNTING 2 20 Model 432A is narrower than full rack width It is what is termed a sub modular unit When used alone the instrument can be bench mounted When used in combination with other sub modular units it may be bench or rack mounted The HP 1051A and 10524 Combining Cases and Rack Adapter Frames are designed specifically for this purpose 2 21 COMBINING CASE 2 22 A model 1051A Combining Case is shown in Figure 2 1 This case is full rack width and accepts varying combinations of submodular instruments The case purchased separately is provided with a rack mounting kit The combining case will hold three 2 1 Section II Installation O ADAPTER FRAME SPACER CLAMP RETAINING SCREWS Figure 2 1 Sub module Installation in Rack Adapter Frame INSERT DIVIDER ENGAGING TABS IN TOP AND BOTTOM i MOUNTING SLOTS N _ AN eo TWIST DIVIDER TO VERTICAL POSITION NJ PUSH IN TO LIMIT SLIDE LATCH
85. rmance of the Model 432A Should be verified upon receipt Performance checks suitable for incoming inspection are given in Section V Maintenance 2 6 DAMAGE CLAIMS 2 7 If the instrument is mechanically damaged in transit notify the carrier and the nearest Hewlett Packard field office immediately A list of field offices is at the back of this manual Retain the shipping carton and padding material for the carrier s inspection The field office will arrange for replacement or repair of your instrument without waiting for claim settlements against the carrier 2 8 Before shipment this instrument was inspected and found free of mechanical and electrical defects If there is any deficiency or if electrical performance is not within specifications notify your nearest Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Office 2 9 THREE CONDUCTOR POWER CABLE 2 10 To protect operating personnel the National Electrical Manufacturers Association NEMA recommends that the instrument panel and cabinet be grounded All Hewlett Packard instruments are equipped with a three conductor power cable which when plugged into an appropriate receptacle grounds the instrument The offset pin on the power cable three prong connector is the ground wire 2 11 To preserve the protection feature when operating the instrument from a two connector outlet use a three prong to two prong adapter and connect the green pigtail on the adapter to ground 2 12
86. rrent to the meter is proportional to the product of V Vcomp 12 2 4 18 The output from the meter is further filtered so the voltage at the rear panel RECORDER output is suitable for use with either a digital voltmeter or X Y recorder The RECORDER output voltage is returned to the compensation bridge through the automatic zero circuit when the FINE ZERO switch is depressed The automatic zero circuit holds a correction volt age at the input of the compensation bridge amplifier sowhen the RFis zero the meter indication will also be zero AT BRIDGE ASSY A2 METER LOGIC peos U LI L eour Ver PULSE AMPLITUDE PROPORTIONAL Vcomp p 200us l 4 cow BRIDGE AMPLIFIER ELECTRONIC SWITCH RANGE AMPLIFIER CHOPPER RF THERMISTOR RF INPUT SUMMING CIRCUIT MULTI VIBRATOR LOW PASS FILTER THERMISTOR MOUNT RECORDER VOLTAGE TO TIME CONVERTER BRIDGE AMPLIFIER COMPENSATION BRIDGE 4 2004s Vcomp Var PULSE WIDTH PROPORTIONAL Ver AUTO ZERO CIRCUIT TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION AIAI AUTO ZERO Figure 4 2 Model 432A Block Diagram VZEp jo
87. rtie de la soci t Agilent Technologies Pour reduire la confusion potentielle le seul changement aux noms de reference a t dans le pr fixe de nom de soci t 14 o un nom de r f rence tait HP XXXX le nouveau nom de r f rence est maintenant Agilent XXXX Par example le HP 8648 s appelle maintenent Agilent 8648 Diese Gebrauchsanweiseung kann Bezug nehmen auf die Namen HP oder Hewlett Packard Bitte beachten Sie dass ehemalige Betriebsbereiche von Hewlett Packard wie HP Halbleiterprodukte HP chemische Analysen oder HP Test und Messwesen nun zu der Firma Agilent Technology geh ren Um Verwirrung zu vermeiden wurde lediglich bei Produktname und Nummer der vo laufende Firmenname ge ndert Produkte mit dem Namen Nummer HP XXXX lauten nun mehr Agilent XXXX Z B das Modell HP 8648 hei t nun Agilent 8648 Questo manuale potrebbe contenere riferimenti ad HP o Hewlett Packard Si noti che le attivita precedentemente gestite da Hewlett Packard nel campo di Test amp Misura Semiconduttori ed Analisi Chimica sono ora diventate parte di Agilent Technologies Al fine di ridurre il rischio di confusione l unica modifica effettuata sui numeri di prodotto e sui nomi ha riguardato il prefisso con il nome dell azienda dove precedentemente compariva HP XXXX compare ora Agilent XXXX Ad esempio il modello HP8648 ora indicato come Agilent 8648 Este manual puede hacer referencias a HP o Hewlett Packard Las organizaciones de Prueba y Me
88. s ampli CRT compensates for tempera Q9 and 910 form a shunt tR lie Q1 amplifies the error signal fied and fed to 94 R6 is the ture variations in the base regulator that can pass cur gt ao 2 9 4 from 94 to control the base power supply adjustment poten emitter voltage of Q7 rent from either the 47V E oo mar oi I current of Q2 is nor it controls the power supply puppy ads r calibration o Overcurrent Protection Switch mally forward biased For iai id Y supply constant battery operation CR8 is reverse biased to prevent the battery from charging C1 each time the power is turned on Option 01 only Error Amplifier Amplifier Q4 amplifies error signals from Q5 and drives Q1 Q11 turns on if current drain ex ceeds about 90 mA thru R2 which tends to turn Q2 off and to limit the current Q8 amplifies any voltage change at the collector of 97 gt CURRENT A A OPE O Al THERMISTOR GF MA Overcurrent Protection Switch Option 01 Only Voltage Reference Amplifier and Series Regulator Option 01 Only Q1 regulates the battery charging Series Voltage Regulator Q2 is driven by Q1 to provides ref erence voltage for Q3 is normally off If the current thru hold the 7 volt supply
89. s that generally are in stalled to fulfill circuit operation requirements They may be the nominal value or they may be some value close to nominal In any case if the component fails circuit operation should be verified after these com ponents are replaced 7 12 A1A1 AUTO ZERO ASSEMBLY 7 13 The Auto Zero circuit is encapsulated and must be replaced as a unit A solder removing tool such as the Soldapullit suction device listed in Section V is required to remove solder around the leads After solder is removed the unit must be carefully removed from the circuit such a manner that the circuits on the card do not delaminate After the Auto Zero assembly is replaced perform the adjustment pro cedure given in Section V 7 14 TEST CONDITIONS 7 15 For most tests of circuit operation when trouble shooting the instrument the troubleshooting charts call out control settings In special cases notes on the schematics indicate control settings required to measure voltage levels in circuits Generally the following control settings should be selected and changed only as the troubleshooting procedures indicate RANGE wate a 3 mW 5 dBm MOUNT RESISTANCE 200 Mount installed CALIBRATION 100 COARSE ZERO turn until meter is at full scale 7 1 Section VII Model 432A Troubleshooting Schematics Table 7 1 Schematic Notes Resistance in ohms capa
90. service and repair to ensure the safety features are maintained vii Regulatory Information Model 432A Safety Symbols The following symbols on the instrument and in the manual indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of the instrument Safety Symbols The Instruction Documentation Symbol The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the supplied documen tation Indicates the field wiring terminal that must be connected to earth ground before operating the equipment protects against electrical shock in case of fault the equipment s metal frame Alternating current AC Ld Direct current DC Frame or chassis ground terminal typically connects to 1 OR Indicates hazardous voltages WARNING Warning denotes a hazard It calls attention to a proce dure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard It calls attention to a proce dure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of the instru ment Do not proceed beyond a caution note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met The CE mark shows that the product complies with all relevant European Legal Directives ISM 1 A This is a symbo
91. set to the voltage of the power supply and the correct fuse is installed see Figure 3 3 Ensure the power supply voltage is in the specified range Appliance coupler mains input powercord is the power disconnect device not position the instrument such that access to the coupler is impaired For continued protection against fire hazard replace the line fuse only with the same type and line rating T100 mA 250 V The use of other fuses or materials is prohibited If this instrument is not used as specified the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired This instrument must be used in a normal condition only in which all means for protection are intact No operator serviceable parts inside Refer servicing to qualified personnel To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers 1 3 Model 432A Section II Installation SECTION II INSTALLATION WARNING If this instrument is not used as specified the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired This instrument must be used in a normal condition only in which all means for protection are intact 2 1 INITIAL INSPECTION 2 2 MECHANICAL CHECK 2 3 If damage to the shipping carton is evident ask that the carrier s agent be present when the instrument is unpacked Inspect the instrument for mechanical damage Also check the cushioning material for signs of Severe stress 2 4 PERFORMANCE CHECKS 2 5 The electrical perfo
92. solution 4 digits Storage Oscilloscope Variable Persistence Display HP 141A with 1405A Bandwidth to 5 MHz and 1420A Plug in Units Input Impedance 1 megohm Sensitivity 5 mV division Bandwidth 400 kHz HP 1401A Input Impedance 1 megohm Sensitivity 1 mV division Cable Assembly RG 58C U coaxial cable with 2 each BNC HP 10503A 2 required male connectors Test Lead Insulated cable terminated with dual HP 11001A banana plug and test clips Cable Assembly Shielded cable with one each BNC and dual HP 11000A banana plug connectors Thermistor Mount Operating Resistance 100 ohm or 200 ohms HP 478 8478 Oscilloscope Probes 2 Division Ratio 10 1 2 HP 10001A Vertical Plug in Bandwidth dc to 30 MHz Rise Time 5 nsec Differential Voltmeter Accuracy 0 005 of reading HP 740B 0 0004 of range 1 uV Resistor 2 10K 1 1 8 watt 0757 0442 5 0 Model 432A Section V Maintenance SECTION V MAINTENANCE 5 1 INTRODUCTION 5 2 This section provides information for perform ance testing adjusting troubleshooting and repair ing the 432A Power Meter Performance tests allow the instrument to be checked for conformance to spec ifications If performance is not within specifications adjust or troubleshoot the instrument 5 3 CONTENT 5 4 PERFORMANCE TESTS 5 5 The procedures test power meter performance for incoming inspection periodic evaluation calibra tion and troubleshooting S
93. switch is depressed Meter Indicates power input to thermistor mount in milliwatts and dBm To use the dBm scale note the value in dBM of the range in use and subtract from it the reading on the meter dBm scale Section ITI Operating Information Mechanical Meter Zero Sets meter suspension so that meter indicates zero To adjust the zero a Turn POWER switch off b Turn the adjustment screw clockwise until the indicator falls below zero and comes back up to zero again Turn the adjustment very slightly counter clockwise to free up the mechanism from the adjusting peg CALIBRATION FACTOR Amplifier gain compensation selector Set to correspond to the calibration factor printed on the thermistor mount body See paragraph 3 23 for more information MOUNT RESISTANCE Selects resistance equal to that of mount in use to balance bridges Table 1 2 lists Hewlett Packard thermistor mounts and resistances Set with meter power OFF when mount is initially connected to the meter Thermistor Mount Cable Connector Input connector for 5 1 2 foot cable that connects to the 478A 8478B or 486A Thermistor Mounts NOTE The photograph opposite is for illustration purposes only Figure 3 2 Front Panel Controls Connectors and Indicators Sheet 2 of 2 3 5 Section Model 432A Operating Information VR mnm IATA mm 2 Figure 3 3 Rear Panel Controls and Connectors Sheet 1 of
94. tes However if the base emitter diode is reverse biased the transistor is cut off open The voltage drop across a forward biased emitter base junction varies with transistor collector current A germanium transistor has a typical base emitter voltage of 0 2 0 3 volt with 1 10 mA collector current and 0 4 0 5 volt with 10 100 mA collector current In contrast base emitter voltage for silicon transistors is about twice that for germanium types about 0 5 0 6 volt for low collector current and about 0 8 0 9 for high collector current 5 45 If theemitter base junction is forward biased check for amplifier action by short circuiting base to emitter while observing collector voltage The Krylon 1320 Humiseal Protective Coating Type 1B12 by Columbia Tech nical Corp Woodside 77 New York transistor should stop conduction cut off which should shift the collector voltage close to the supply voltage Any difference is due to current leakage through the transistor In general the smaller the current the better the transistor If collector volt age does not change the transistor has either an emitter collector short circuit or emitter base open circuit 5 46 OUT OF CIRCUIT TESTING 5 47 The two common causes of transistor failure are internal short and open circuits Remove the transistor from the circuit and use an ohmmeter to measure internal resistance See Table 5 5 for measurement data 5 48
95. th the Model 432A Power Meter a 7 5 foot 2290 mm detachable power cable and a 5 foot 1520 mm cable that connects the thermistor mount to the meter Thermistor mounts are available but not supplied with the Power Meter refer to Table 1 2 Table 1 1 lists those accessories supplied and also those available Table 1 1 Instrument Type Automatic self balancing power meter for use with temperature compensated thermistor mount Power Range 7 ranges with full scale readings of 10 30 100 and 300 uW 1 3 and 10 mW also calibrated in dBm from 20 dBm to 10 dBm full scale in 5 dB steps Accuracy 1 of full scale on all ranges 0 C to 55 Calibration Factor Control 13 position switch normalizes meter reading to account for thermistor mount Calibration Factor Range 100 to 88 in 1 steps Thermistor Mount External temperature compensated thermistor mounts required for operation see Table 1 2 Meter Taut band suspension individually computer calibrated mirror backed scales Milliwatt scale more than 4 1 4 inches 108 mm long Zero Carryover Less than 0 5 of full scale when zeroed on most sensitive range 1 5 INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION 1 6 Hewlett Packard instruments are identified by an 8 or 10 digit serial number The first four digits are the Serial Prefix To properly match a manual with the instrument to which it applies the prefix on the instrument must be the same as the prefix at the fr
96. thermistor mount and cable to THERMISTOR MOUNT connector Refer to Table 1 2 for recommended thermistor mounts and their frequency ranges Meter Mechanical Zero a With the instrument turned off rotate the meter adjustment screw clockwise until the pointer approaches the zero mark from the left Continue the clockwise rotation until the pointer coincides with the zero mark If the pointer overshoots continue rotating the adjustment screw clockwise until the pointer once again approaches the zero mark from the left Rotate the adjustment screw about three degrees counterclockwise to disengage screw adjustment from the meter suspension Set the MOUNT RES switch to correspond to the operating resistance of thermistor mount used Turn the 4824 POWER switch ON For battery operation the AC LINE indicator does not turn on Section ITI Operating Information Set RANGE selector to COURSE ZERO and then zero the meter with the COURSE ZERO screwdriver adjustment Note The power meter should be zeroed with the RF power source turned off or the mount disconnected from the source Set the range selector to the 0 01 mW range then depress the FINE ZERO switch until the meter indicates zero Note Range to range zero carryover is less than 0 5 if the meter zero has been adjusted step 2 above and the instrument has been properly zero set on the sensitive range For maximum accuracy zero set the power meter on the r
97. tional Block Diagram 4 1 VI REPLACEABLE PARTS 6 1 6 1 Introduction 6 1 V 5 1 6 3 Ordering Information 6 1 5 1 Introduction 5 1 5 8 Content id 5 1 VII TROUBLESHOOTING SCHEMATICS 5 4 Performance Tests 5 1 AND COMPONENT LOCATIONS 7 1 5 6 Adjustments 5 1 7 1 Introduction 7 1 5 10 Test Equipment 5 1 7 5 Troubleshooting 7 1 5 12 Service Information 5 1 7 8 7 1 7 12 A1A1 Auto Zero Assembly 7 1 7 14 Test Conditions 7 1 ii Model 432A Number Title Out of Circuit Transistor Resistance SUBIO EI ES Measurements 5 6 Etched Circuit Soldering Equipment 5 7 Safe Ohmmeter Range for Transistor Resistance Measurements 6 1 Replaceable 6 2 Code List of Manufacturers 7 1 Schematic Number Title 2 2 HP Model 1051A Combining Case Instrument Installation 3 1 Precision Power Measurements 3 2 Front Panel Controls Connectors and Indicators 3 Rear Panel Controls and Connectors 3 Turn On and Zeroing Procedure 4 Model 432A RF Bridge Talking Schematic
98. ts Reference Mfr A2CRe 1901 0026 A2CRS 1901 0026 A2CR6 1902 0509 A2CRT 1901 0026 A2LR8 1901 0026 DIDDE SILICON 0 754 200PIV SR1358 8 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PIV SR1358 8 DIODE BREAKDGWNS6 20V 2 5750984 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200 R1358 8 DIODE sSILICON 0 754 200PIV 581358 8 2 89 NOT ASSIGNED A2CR10 NOT ASSIGNED A2CRLL 1901 0026 DIGDE SILICON 0 754 200PIV 81358 8 A2CR12 1901 0026 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PIV SR1358 8 2 ASSIGNED A2CR1 1901 0026 A2CR15 1901 0025 A2CR16 1901 0026 A2CR17 1901 0026 A2CR18 1901 0026 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PIV R1358 8 DIDOE SILICON 0 754 200PIV R1358 8 DIODE SILICON 0 75 200PIV SR1358 8 DIODE SILICON 0 754 200PI SR1358 8 DIGOESSILICON 0 754 200PiV 581358 8 A2CR19 1901 0026 A2CR20 1901 0026 A2CR21 1901 0026 A2CR22 1901 0026 A2CR23 1901 0026 DIGOEZSELICON 0 75A 200PIV SRi353 8 DIOOE SILICON 0 75A 200PIV SR1358 8 OIODEsSILICON 0 754 200PIV SR1358 8 DIDDE SILICQON 0 75A 200PIV SR1358 8 OIOOUE SILICON 02754 200PIV SR1358 8 201 1854 0071 TSTR SI NPNC SELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 A202 1854 0062 TSYR SI NPN 2N1701 A203 1854 0071 TSTRISI NPNISELECTED FROM 2N3704 1854 0071 A204 1853 0012 TSTR SI PNP 2N2904A 295 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNPESELECTED FROM 2N3702 1853 0020 AZ06 1853 0020 TSTRISI PNPCSELECTED 23702 1853 0020 A207 1853 0020 TSTR SI PNP SELECTED 2N3702 1853 0020 A208 1954 0071 TSTR SI NPN SELECTED 2N3704 1854 0071 A209 1854 0003 TSTR SI NPNUSELEC
99. ttery must be recharged for about 20 hours 3 15 The 432A automatically operates on its inter nal battery whenever the ac line power is disconnected and the POWER switch is ON When the battery ter minal voltage decreases far enough to force the power supply voltage regulator out of regulation then the meter stops working and the meter indicator points to the red RECHG BAT To recharge the battery simply connect the 432A to ac line power and turn it ON 3 16 Battery Storage Storage of the battery ator below room temperature is best Extended storage at temperatures above room temperature will reduce cell charge but will not damage the battery however the battery should not be stored where the tempera ture exceeds 60 C 140 3 1 Section Operating Instructions 3 17 MICROWAVE POWER MEASUREMENT ACCURACY 3 18 A number of factors affect the overall accuracy of power measurement The major sources of error are mismatch error RF losses and instrumentation error 3 19 Mismatch Error Ina practical measurement situation both the source and thermistor mount have SWR and the source is seldom matched to the ther mistor mount unless a tuner is used The amount of mismatch loss in any measurement depends onthetotal SWR present The impedance that the source sees is determined bythe acutal thermistor mount impedance the electrical length of the line and the characteristic impedance of the line Zo 3 20 Inge
100. tting 989 10 978 10 967 10 957 10 946 10 935 10 926 10 916 10 907 10 897 10 889 10 880 10 5 18 METER LINEARITY CHECK a Set the 8477A POWER MW selector to 1 mW and FUNCTION to 2000 ZERO TEST switch to TEST b Set the 432A RANGE selector to 3 mW MOUNT RESISTANCE to 2002 c The 432A meter should indicate 1 mW 1 2 di vision d Set the 8477A POWER MW selector to 2 mW e The 432A meter should indicate 2 mW 1 2 di vision f Set the 8477A POWER MW selector to 3 mW g The 432A meter should indicate 3 mW 1 2 di vision h Set 251 to OPERATE 5 19 ZERO CARRYOVER TEST a Disconnect the 432A from the 8477A b Turn the 432A power OFF and connect the thermistor mount cable to a thermistor mount c Set the 432A Power Meter MOUNT RESISTANCE selector to the resistance shown on the thermistor mount d Turn ON the 432A power Model 432A HP 432A POWER METER RECORDER OUTPUT IOK THERMISTOR MOUNT OSCILLOSCOPE HP 140A 1401A 1422A Figure 5 2 Zero Carryover Test Setup e Connect 141A through filtering network to rear of 432A as shown in Figure 5 2 Set 141A controls as follows INPUT 542 exer Se Aa US DC SENSITIVITY uu ho Y e ita 1 mV em SWEEP 2 sec cm TRIGGER LEVEL max clockwise free run f Zero the 432A as follows 1 Set the RANGE selector maximum cw to COARSE ZERO 2 Set the COAR
101. ve For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to HP from another country HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument HP does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or software or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from 1 Improper or inadequate maintenance adjustment calibration or operation by Buyer 2 Buyer supplied software hardware interfacing or consumables 3 Unauthorized modification or misuse 4 Operation outside of the environmental and electrical specifications for the product 5 Improper site preparation and maintenance or 6 Customer induced contamination or leaks THE WARANTY SET FORTH IS EXCLUSIVE AND NO OTHER WARRANTY WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Limitation of Remedies and Liability THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES IN NO EVENT SHALL HP BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT INDIRECT SPEC
102. ve digit code see list of manufacturers in Table 6 2 c Manufacturer s part number d Total quantity used TQ column a Wow J u H H N AFC AMPL BFO BE CU BH BP n H H H l H BWO Ccw CER CMO COEF COM COMP COMPL CONN CRT cw DEPC DR ELECT ENCAP EXT F FH FILH FXD G GE GL GRD W U H un u H H HI H H H H M 01194 13 assembly motor battery capacitor coupler diode delay line device signaling lamp misc electronic part amperes automatic frequency control amplifier beat frequency oscillator beryllium copper binder head bandpass brass backward wave oscillator counter clockwise ceramic cabinet mount only coefficient common composition complete connector Cadmium plate cathode ray tube clockwise deposited carbon drive electrolytic encapsulated external farads flat head fillister head fixed giga 109 germanium glass ground ed HDW HEX HG HZ IF INCD INCL INS INT LH LK WASH LOG LPF MEG MET FLM MET OX MFR MHZ MINAT MOM MTG MY N C NI PL Wow w w m n du N P SECTION VI REPLACEABLE PARTS uw wo H H 4 wow H Hl f H H Hou w m H HM Section VI Replaceable Parts 6 3 ORDERING INFORMATION 6 4 To obtain replacement parts address order or inquiry to your local Hewlett Packard Field Office see list at rear of this manual fo
103. voltage differences ecg M any such voltage is an error signal The between the two sides of the br dge Q8 is output is from Q2 to the relay 1K1 DIFFERENTIAL a high impedance current source for high AMPLIFIER amplitter common mode rejection R12 lab is a balance potentiometer to equalize the fav j COMPENSATION base voltages of Q A C4 C5 RI5 ryz Switch FET M and C3 R11 are for roll off above about dis normally Memory Circuit 100 Hz C2 and C10 filter out RF inter rates when RANGE switch Relay closes for fine and coarse zeroing C ference The guard rings around the base is set to COARSE ZERO charges to the error signal voltage at the coflec connectors of amp protect the base This sets the gate voltage tor of Q2 When opens holds the charge circuits from leakage current across the of FET A1A1Q1 at about FET 91 is a source follower and has high input board 6 5 v which is halfway impedance The output voltage drives the com SECONDARY SIGNAL between its limits pensation bridge so that the meter reads zero eT UE 1 ARA when the RF input is zero R1 and CRI protect the FET from static charge Figure 4 3 Model 432A RF Bridge Talking Schematic Sheet 2 of 2 TOPON 9 jo seqdioutaq AI 013295 9 7 Var BADGE SIGNAL BRI SIGNAL 083 8 MOUNT RESISTANCE j
104. wer Meter Model Numbers HP 432A Product Options This declaration covers only the standard option of the above product Conforms with the protection requirements of European Council Directive 89 336 EEC on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to electromagnetic compatibility Against EMC test specifications EN 55011 1991 Group 1 Class A and EN 50082 1 1992 As Detailed in Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Technical Construction File TCF No A 5951 9852 02 Assessed by DTI Appointed Competent Body EMC Test Centre GEC Marconi Avionics Ltd Maxwell Building Donibristle Industrial Park 11 5LB Scotland United Kingdom Technical Report Number 6893 2200 CBR dated 23 September 1997 Supplementary Information The product conforms to the following safety standards EN 61010 1 1993 TEC 1010 1 1990 A1 1992 A2 1994 CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 93 The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and carries the CE marking accordingly South Queensferry Scotland 17 November 1997 Location Date Evans Quality Manager Model 432A Model 432A Regulatory Information Warranty This Hewlett Packard product is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment During the warranty period Hewlett Packard Company will at its option either repair or replace products which prove to be defecti

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