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R&S FSQ-K10x LTE Downlink Measurement

1. 000 134 CONFiourel LTELDL SNC ANTenna utuntur kurtu tka EAEANEANEEEEEENENEEEEE AEAEE nennen eaea e anent 136 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 147 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink List of Commands CONFiourelL TED SvNC PbOMWer AAA CONFigure ETE DL SYNC SP OW lir issecicsstesscscarcsiseven ei EENS Eeer CONFigure L TE RIDE KURT CONEFigure ETE DEADD UDCONf E CONFigure LTE DUPLEXiNG ccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeceaeeeeceaaeeeeeaaeeeeesaaeeseeaeeeeseaeeeeseaeesseaeesseeeeeeseneeetes CONFigure L IE RUE EE CONFigure LTE 0OPower NFRames RIES E le EE E DISPlay WINDOWSN gt ba 91 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFF Set eee cece cene cess eeeeeeeeseeeeenseeeeseeeeeees 118 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALE AUTO ec eeecceceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeceeceaeeeeeaeeceesereseeeaeseseseeeeseaeeereseeeeeeeeeeateees 144 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale OFFSet eee cecceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeseaeeesaeeseaeessaeeseeesseeensaees 144 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDIV ecceeceeeseteeereeneeeeeeeeeceeseneereeaesereseeeeenneeteees 144 FEM CV CRG EE 96 FETCH PLC CID GrOUp EE 96 FETCh PLC C lDGroup a PETCHIPEGC PLID NEE 97 EES KEES EES 133 FETCh SWMMary CREStiAVERAQ6 c s0i cai lied aseiiadthisveicneaeestohi auvieiaideteruiaiad 97 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXiIMUM occ eee cenecee cence tees ceeeeseeeeeaeeseaeeeseeseaeeseaeessnessateseeeseeeseaeeseaes 97
2. Performing Time Alignment Measurements A test setup for time alignment measurements is shown in figure 4 2 The dashed con nections are only required for 4 TX antenna MIMO configuration For best measurement result accuracy it is recommended to use cables of the same length and identical combin ers as adders Fig 4 2 Time alignment measurement hardware setup For a successful time alignment measurement make sure to set up the measurement correctly e the subframe selection in the general settings menu must be set to All e enable Compensate Crosstalk in the demodulation settings see screenshot below Note that the time alignment measurement only uses the reference signal and therefore ignores any PDSCH settings e g it does not have an influence on this measurement if the PDSCH MIMO scheme is set to transmit diversity or spatial multiplexing The EVM will usually be very high for this measurement This does not effect the accuracy of the time alignment error measurement result EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 26 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics 4 5 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements Tx Antenna 1 LTE Frame Start Indicator Time Tx Antenna 2 E 0 o 2 i ES KL S2 Time Alignment Error AS 1 we i Ww E ae F H Time Tx Antenna 3 3 D o 2 d ES Time Alignment Error 43 1 we s Time _ Tx Antenna 4 s N H o 2
3. SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh POWer on page 140 6 8 4 4 Configuring the PDCCH The physical downlink control channel PDCCH carries the downlink control information The PDCCH is always present You can define several specific parameters for the PDCCH DL Demod DL Frame Config RI UR PDCCH Format 1 Number of PDCCHs 0 Rel Power 0 dB PDCCH Format Defines the format of the PDCCH physical downlink control channel Note that PDCCH format 1 is not defined in the standard This format corresponds to the transmission of one PDCCH on all available resource element groups As a special case for this PDCCH format the center of the constellation diagram is treated as a valid constellation point SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh FORMat on page 138 Number of PDCCHs Sets the number of physical downlink control channels This parameter is available if the PDCCH format is 1 SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh NOPD on page 138 PDCCH Rel Power Defines the power of the PDCCH relative to the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh POWer on page 138 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 77 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Analyzing Measurement Results Selecting a Particular Signal Aspect 7 Analyzing Measurement Results The Measurement Settings contain settings that configure various result displays These settings are independent of the signal they adjust th
4. User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 132 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt Identity gt AUTO Automatic selection 0 2 Manual selection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC PLID 1 Selects physical layer cell ID 2 FETCh PLC CIDGroup This command queries the cell identity group that has been detected Return values lt CidGroup gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 167 Example FETC PLC CIDG Returns the current cell identity group Usage Query only FETCh PLC PLID This command queries the cell identity that has been detected Return values lt Identity gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 2 Example FETC PLC PLID Returns the current cell identity Usage Query only 9 7 5 3 Configuring PDSCH Subframes CONFigtire 2 TE DLICSUBRANGS 20 sc sstaxeceeeseesigeeaseds Ea aiaa aia 133 CONFiourell TED SUBtrame subframez AL Coumt 134 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt CW lt Cwnum gt MOQ DUAN DEE 134 CONFiourell TED SUBtrame subtramez ALL oc alocationz POWWer 134 CONFiourell TED SUBtrame subtramez ALL oc alocationz HR Coumt 135 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBOFfset sssesseeeeees 135 CONFigure LTE DL CSUBframes lt NofSubframes gt This command selects
5. the application shows three traces One trace shows the subframe with the minimum level characteristics the second trace shows the sub frame with the maximum level characteristics and the third subframe shows the averaged level characteristics of all subframes with Si e PK peak value e AV average value e MI minimum value If you select a specific subframe the application shows one trace This trace contains the results for that subframe only SCPI command SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect on page 141 7 2 Defining Measurement Units In the Units tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can select the unit for various measurement results EVM Unit Selects the unit for graphic and numerical EVM measurement results Possible units are dB and SCPI command UNIT EVM on page 141 7 3 Defining Various Measurement Parameters In the Misc tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can set various param eters that affect some result displays Bit Stream Format Selects the way the bit stream is displayed The bit stream is either a stream of raw bits or of symbols In case of the symbol format the bits that belong to a symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits Examples EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 79 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Analyzing Measurement Results El Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram B Bit Stream Sub Allocation o
6. TRACe DATA On Off Power The On Off Power measurement shows the signal power of the signal over a particular time period Its purpose is to verify if the transmitter OFF power is within the defined limits The measurement is available for the TDD duplexing mode Note that the On Off Power result display is based on different signal data than UO meas urements Thus it is not possible to use the data captured for I Q measurements for the On Off Power measurement and vice versa The measurement is available if the input source is an RF input source For more information on performing the measurement see chapter 4 5 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements on page 27 The upper part of the display shows the results of the measurement in numerical form Time at A OFF Power OFF Power Falling Trans Rising Trans to Limit Abs dBm amp to Limit Period Period Ina TDD LTE frame there are periods where no DL subframe signal is transmitted Each of these periods consist of an ON to OFF transient an OFF period and an OFF to ON transient For each period one line in the ON OFF Power results table are shown The Start and Stop OFF Period Limit gives the time period over which the OFF power is checked for limit fails This is the length of the yellow trace For the OFF power trace maximum value i e the value which has the lowest distance to the limit line in dB the time in seconds relative to the frame start the absolute OFF po
7. frame that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 13 Frequency Error vs Symbol For the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt frequency error gt The unit is always Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 14 On Off Power For the On Off Power measurement the number and type of return values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the power for the Off power regions lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e TRACE2 Returns the power for the transient regions lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the On Off Power table For each line it returns seven values lt off period start limit gt lt off period stop limit gt lt time at delta to limit gt lt absolute off power gt lt distance to limit gt lt falling transient period gt lt rising transient period gt E M User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 108 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN 9 6 1 15 9 6 1 16 9 6 1 17 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The unit for the lt absolute off power gt is dBm The unit for the lt distance to limit gt is dB The unit for the lt transient periods gt is us All other values have the unit s Power Spectrum For the Power Spectru
8. lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT STAT ON Turns the electronic attenuator on INPut lt n gt EATT AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic selection of the electronic attenuation on and off If on electronic attenuation reduces the mechanical attenuation whenever possible This command is available with option R amp S FSQ B25 but not if R amp S FSQ B17 is active Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of electronic attenuation level on SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt STATe lt State gt This command initiates a measurement that determines the ideal reference level SSE Se SSRIS User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 119 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt State gt OFF Performs no automatic reference level detection ON Performs an automatic reference level detection before each mea surement ONCE Performs an automatic reference level once RST ON Example POW AUTO2 ON Activate auto level for analyzer number 2 SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt TIME lt Time gt This command defines the track time for the auto level process Parameters lt Time gt lt numeric value gt RST 100 ms Default unit s Example POW AUTO TIME 200ms An auto level track time of 200 ms gets set 9 7 1 3 Configuring the Data Capture GENSSILUTEIERAMeCOU
9. All other values have no unit The lt allocation ID gt and lt modulation gt are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 19 Return Value Codes on page 110 Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 103 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example Allocation Summary Selection Antenna 1 Sub frame 9 6 1 3 Number Rel S Power per of RB Power dB Modatatzon RE dBm 0 000 0 007 0 005 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 5 0 0 0000000000000 2 45 5463829153428 7 33728660354122E 05 0 3 0 0 0073997452251 6 42 5581007463452 2 54197349219455E 05 0 4 0 0 0052647197362 1 42 5464220485716 2 51485275782241E 05 Bit Stream For the Bit Stream result display the command returns five values and the bitstream for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocation ID gt lt codeword gt lt modulation gt lt of symbols bits gt lt hexadecimal binary numbers gt All values have no unit The format of the bitstream depends on Bit Stream Format The lt allocation ID gt lt codeword gt and lt modulation gt are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 19 Return Value Codes on page 110 For symbols or bits that are not transmitted the command returns e FF if the bit stream format is Symbols e 9 if the bit stream format is B
10. EUTRAN LTE EUTRA will then form part of 3GPP Release 8 core specifications This introduction focuses on LTE EUTRA technology In the following the terms LTE or EUTRA are used interchangeably In the context of the LTE study item 3GPP work first focused on the definition of require ments e g targets for data rate capacity spectrum efficiency and latency Also com mercial aspects such as costs for installing and operating the network were considered Based on these requirements technical concepts for the air interface transmission schemes and protocols were studied Notably LTE uses new multiple access schemes on the air interface orthogonal frequency division multiple access OFDMA in downlink and single carrier frequency division multiple access SC FDMA in uplink Furthermore MIMO antenna schemes form an essential part of LTE In an attempt to simplify protocol architecture LTE brings some major changes to the existing UMTS protocol concepts Impact on the overall network architecture including the core network is being investiga ted in the context of 3GPP system architecture evolution SAE e Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolutton 9 e Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Gcheme A 11 Ee 16 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution LTE is focusing on optimum support of packet switched PS services Main requirements for the design of an LTE system are documented in 3GPP TR 25 913 1 and can be summarized as
11. SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC FDIF TRACe DATA 5 5 Measuring the Symbol Constellation This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the constellation of a signal CONSE IANO DAJI eene dee deed Ee Eed 45 Constellation Diagram Starts the Constellation Diagram result display LSS SSSR User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 45 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statistics This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results and is an indicator of the quality of the modulation of the signal The result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box The ideal points for the selected modulation scheme are displayed for reference purpo ses B Constellation Diagram Points Measured SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED CONS CONS TRACe DATA 5 6 Measuring Statistics This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the statistics of a signal LE DEE 46 Allocation SUMMMANY TEE 47 Bit SENG EE 48 CCDF Starts the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF result display This result display shows the probability of an amplitude exceeding the mean power For the measurement the complete capture buffer is used The x axis represents the power relative to the measured mean power On the y axis the probability is plotted in
12. SSS SSSA User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 46 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statistics B CCDF 2 dBidiv SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT CCDF TRACe DATA Allocation Summary Starts the Allocation Summary result display This result display shows the results of the measured allocations in tabular form B Allocation Summary Sub Allocation Number b Modulation frame ID of RB io 0 002 The rows in the table represent the allocations with allocation ALL being a special allo cation that summarizes all allocations that are part of the subframe A set of allocations form a subframe The subframes are separated by a dashed line The columns of the table contain the following information The rows in the table represent the allocations A set of allocations form a subframe The subframes are separated by a dashed line The columns of the table contain the follwing information e Subframe Shows the subframe number e Allocation ID Shows the type ID of the allocation e Number of RB Shows the number of resource blocks assigned to the current PDSCH allocation e Rel Power dB Shows the relative power of the allocation e Modulation Shows the modulation type e Power per RE dBm Shows the power of each resource element in dBm User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 47 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statisti
13. Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Advanced Trigger ACLR Settings Assumed Adj Chni Carrier EUTRA same DA Noise Correction Assumed Adjacent Channel Carter 58 Noe GCOMGCUOM DEE 58 Assumed Adjacent Channel Carrier Selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for the ACLR measurement The supported types are EUTRA of same bandwidth 1 28 Mcps UTRA 3 84 Mcps UTRA and 7 68 Mcps UTRA Note that not all combinations of LTE Channel Bandwidth settings and Assumed Ad Channel Carrier settings are defined in the 3GPP standard SCPI command SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel on page 92 Noise Correction Turns noise correction on and off For more information see the manual of the R amp S FSQ Note that the input attenuator makes a clicking noise after each sweep if you are using the noise correction in combination with the auto leveling process SCPI command SENSe POWer NCORrection on page 92 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 58 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Advanced General Settings 6 4 3 Configuring Gated Measurements The gate settings settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Advanced Trigger Gate Settings Auto Gating E AO GAU e DEE 59 Auto Gating Turns gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off If on the software evaluates the on periods of an LT
14. TDD UL DL Allocations 2 0 0 0 eiccccceceeceeeeeeeeessteaeeeeeeeeees 68 Timing Error y Title Bar iesirea EE Trigger level Trigger mode Gs TG GOT OMS Ct sa soasccsiccasenseewsesearcasetines he chaeanneaverddanestasr aE U Used Allocations Using the Marker Y dl BEE 60 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 152
15. Useful OFDM Esch Fig 2 3 OFDM Signal Generation Chain QAM symbol rate In contrast to an OFDM transmission scheme OFDMA allows the access of multiple users on the available bandwidth Each user is assigned a specific time frequency resource As a fundamental principle of EUTRA the data channels are shared channels i e for each transmission time interval of 1 ms a new scheduling decision is taken regarding which users are assigned to which time frequency resources during this trans mission time interval 2 2 2 OFDMA Parameterization A generic frame structure is defined for both EUTRA FDD and TDD modes Additionally an alternative frame structure is defined for the TDD mode only The EUTRA frame structures are defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 For the generic frame structure the 10 ms radio frame is divided into 20 equally sized slots of 0 5 ms A subframe consists of two consecutive slots so one radio frame contains 10 subframes This is illustrated in fig ure 2 4 T expresses the basic time unit corresponding to 30 72 MHz E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 12 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme One radio frame T 307200 xT 10 ms One slot Tse 15360 xT 0 5 ms Mc One subframe Fig 2 4 Generic Frame Structure in EUTRA Downlink figure 2 5shows the structure of the downlink resource grid for the duration of one down link slot The a
16. the number and type of returns values depend on the param eter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the SEM table For every frequency in the spectrum emission mask it returns nine values lt index gt lt start frequency in Hz gt lt stop frequency in Hz gt lt RBW in Hz gt lt limit fail frequency in Hz gt lt absolute power in dBm gt lt relative power in dBc gt lt limit distance in dB gt lt limit check result gt The lt limit check result gt is either a 0 for PASS or a 1 for FAIL 9 6 1 19 Return Value Codes This chapter contains a list for encoded return values lt ACK NACK gt The range is 1 1 e 1 ACK e 0 NACK e 1 DTX lt allocation ID gt Represents the allocation ID The range is 13 65535 e 0 65535 PDSCH e 1 invalid e 2 All e 3 P SYNC e 4 S SYNC e 5 PILOTS_ANT1 e 6 PILOTS_ANT2 e 7 PILOTS_ANT3 e 8 PILOTS_ANT4 e 9 PCFICH User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 110 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e 10 PHICH e 11 PDCCH e 12 PBCH e 13 PMCH lt codeword gt Represents the codeword of an allocation The range is 0 2 e 0 1 1 e 1 1 2 e 2 2 2 lt DCI format gt Represents the DCi format The value is a number in the range 0 103 e 0 DCI format 0 e 10 DCI format 1 e 11 DCI
17. 110 allocations in every subframe The configuration table contains the settings to configure the allocations e ID N_RNTI Selects the allocation s ID The ID corresponds to the N_RNTI By default the application assigns consecutive numbers starting with 0 The ID or N_RNTI is the user equipment identifier for the corresponding allocation and is a number in the range from 0 to 65535 The order of the numbers is irrelevant You can combine allocations by assigning the same number more than once Com bining allocations assigns those allocations to the same user Allocations with the same N_RNTI share the same modulation scheme and power settings e Code Word Shows the code word of the allocation The code word is made up out of two numbers The first number is the number of the code word in the allocation The second number is the total number of code words that the allocation includes Thus a table entry of 1 2 would mean that the row corresponds to code word 1 out of 2 code words in the allocation e Modulation Selects the modulation scheme for the corresponding allocation The modulation scheme for the PDSCH is either QPSK 16QAM or 64QAM e Number of RB Defines the number of resource blocks the allocation covers The number of resource blocks defines the size or bandwidth of the allocation If you allocate too many resource blocks compared to the bandwidth you have set the R amp S FSQ will show an error message in the Conflicts colu
18. 3 4 3 1 Overview T useful symbol time Ty guard time Ts symbol time Overview The digital signal processing DSP involves several stages until the software can present results like the EVM Data Capture Synchronization E UTRA LTE downlink Channel estimation equalization measurement application Analysis The contents of this chapter are structered like the DSP The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application The block diagram in figure 4 1 shows the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement applica tion from the capture buffer containing the UO data to the actual analysis block The outcome of the fully compensated reference path green are the estimates u of the transmitted data symbols au Depending on the user defined compensation the received samples du of the measurement path yellow still contain the transmitted signal impair ments of interest The analysis block reveals these impairments by comparing the refer ence and the measurement path Prior to the analysis diverse synchronization and channel estimation tasks have to be accomplished Synchronization The first of the synchronization tasks is to estimate the OFDM symbol timing which coarsely estimates both timing and carrier frequency offset The frame synchronization block determines the position of the P S Sync symbols in time and frequency by using the coarse fractional frequency offset compensated capture buffer and the timing esti mate eo
19. 5 i P 46 dBm SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC SEM TRACe DATA EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 40 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum ACLR Starts the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurement The Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio measures the power of the TX channel and the power of adjacent and alternate channels to the left and right side of the TX channel In this way you can get information about the power of the channels adjacent to the trans mission channel and the leakage into adjacent channels The results show the relative power measured in the two nearest channels either side of the transmission channel By default the ACLR settings are derived from the LTE Channel Bandwidth You can change the assumed adjacent channel carrier type and the Noise Correction on page 58 The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel and adjacent bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm B Adj Chan Leakage Power Assumed ACC EUTRA same Du NCORR OFF RBW 100 00 kHz VBW 1 00 MHz SWT 500 00 ms TT 5 15 MHz div A table above the result display contains information about the measurement in numerical form e Channel Shows the channel type TX Adjacent or Alternate Channel e Bandwidth Shows the bandwidth of the channel e Spacing Shows the channel spacing e Lo
20. ACLR measurement or the total signal power level of the SEM measurement To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchronization to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps SSE SSS SSF User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 114 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 7 9 7 1 Remote Commands to Configure the Application Suffix lt m gt 1 Query parameters CPOW This parameter queries the signal power of the SEM measure ment Return values lt Result gt SEMResults Power level in dBm ACLRResults Relative power levels of the ACLR channels The number of return values depends on the number of transmission and adjacent channels The order of return values is e lt TXChannelPower gt is the power of the transmission channel in dBm e lt LowerAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of the lower adjacent channel in dB e lt UpperAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of the upper adjacent channel in dB e lt 1stLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB e lt 1stUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB e lt nthLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB e lt nthUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB Ex
21. DB Example CONF DL PHIC POW 1 3 Sets the relative power to 1 3 dB 9 8 Analyzing Measurement Results 9 8 1 General Commands for Result Analysis CONFigure iE TER DISCONS EOC ation uge deed ee NENNEN 140 SENSE LTE SUBF AME SELEG ii ad etadeadaanadetdendeniaundsaedesanan Meade AAR 141 UNIT BSTR enin a EEN aA A ine A E a Ei aa adii 141 UNIE EE 141 CONFigure LTE DL CONS LOCation lt Location gt This command selects the data source of the constellation diagram for measurements on downlink signals Parameters lt Location gt AMD After the MIMO decoder BMD Before the MIMO decoder RST BMD Example CONF DL CONS LOC AMD Use data from after the MIMO decoder LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 140 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Analyzing Measurement Results SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect lt Subframe gt This command selects the subframe to be analyzed Parameters lt Subframe gt ALL lt numeric value gt ALL Select all subframes 0 39 Select a single subframe RST ALL Example SUBF SEL ALL Select all subframes for analysis UNIT BSTR lt Unit gt This command selects the way the bit stream is displayed Parameters lt Unit gt SYMbols Displays the bit stream using symbols BITs Displays the bit stream using bits RST SYMbols Example UNIT BSTR BIT Bit stream gets displayed using Bits UNIT EVM lt Unit gt This command selects the EVM unit Para
22. EE 127 INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines the sampling rate for a digital UO signal source Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 10 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP DIQ SRAT 10MHZ Defines a sampling rate of 10 MHz INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer lt ScaleLevel gt This command defines the full scale level for a digital UO signal source Parameters lt ScaleLevel gt RST 1V Default unit V Example INP DIQ RANG 0 7 Sets the full scale level to 0 7 V Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Configuring the Data Analysis GENSeILTEIDL DEMod AUTO 128 SENSE PETE Di DEMod BESTIMALON lt lt nccdcaz diini geed eege 128 SENSe LTE DL DEMed GBSCramb ling sssi iiciin inaidai dandanadan 128 SENSe PETEPDEDEMed CES imation EE 128 SENSE KEE ET ENKE iria a a a EE EE 129 SENSGILTEIDL DEMod MCElter 129 SENSE PETERDEDEMod PRB ata TE 129 ISENSeILTEIDLFORMatrbSCH 129 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 127 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands bM M X_n a Remote Commands to Configure the Application SENSe LTE DL DEMod AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic demodulation for downlink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM AUTO ON Activates the auto demodulation for DL SENSe LTE DL DEMod BESTimation lt State gt This command turns boosting estimation for downlink signals on and off Param
23. FDD signals on the downlink option FSx K101 PC enables testing of 3G6PP LTE FDD signals on the uplink option FSx K102 PC enables testing of 3G6PP LTE MIMO signals on the downlink option FSx K104 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the downlink option FSx K105 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the uplink FDD and TDD are duplexing methods e FDD mode uses different frequencies for the uplink and the downlink e TDD mode uses the same frequency for the uplink and the downlink Downlink DL and Uplink UL describe the transmission path e Downlink is the transmission path from the base station to the user equipment The physical layer mode for the downlink is always OFDMA e Uplink is the transmission path from the user equipment to the base station The physical layer mode for the uplink is always SC FDMA SCPI command CONFigure LTE LDIRection on page 117 CONFigure LTE DUPLexing on page 117 Defining the Signal Frequency For measurements with an RF input source you have to match the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency of the signal The available frequency range depends on the hardware configuration of the analyzer you are using The frequency setting is available for the RF input source SCPI command Center frequency SENSe FREQuency CENTer on page 117 Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks Specifies the channel bandwidth and the number of resource
24. Identity Auto 5 Cell ID o Cell Identity Group o Identity o Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identtity 0 ccc ccceeeseseteceetesenseeeeeeeeneeeeteetenneees 69 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The cell ID cell identity group and physical layer identity are interdependent parameters In combination they are responsible for synchronization between network and user equipment The physical layer cell ID identifies a particular radio cell in the LTE network The cell identities are divided into 168 unique cell identity groups Each group consists of 3 phys ical layer identities According to A 1 2 A 3 NB NG NU cell identity group 0 167 N2 physical layer identity 0 2 there is a total of 504 different cell IDs If you change one of these three parameters the R amp S FSQ automatically updates the other two For automatic detection of the cell ID turn the Auto function on Before it can establish a connection the user equipment must synchronize to the radio cell it is in For this purpose two synchronization signals are transmitted on the downlink These two signals are reference signals whose content is defined by the Physical Layer Identity and the Cell Identity Group The first signal is one of 3 possible Zadoff Chu sequences The sequence that is used is defined by the physical layer identity It is contained in the P SYNC E MTN User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 69 R amp S FS
25. LTE signal The data capture settings are part of the General tab of the General Settings dialog box ee Mimo Advanced Trigger Spectrum Data Capture Settings Capture Time 40 1 ms Overall Frame Count L Num of Frames to Analyze 1 Auto Acc to Standard Lei Capture H 54 Overall Frome Count EE 55 Number of Frames to Zuele 57 ERKENNEN E AER necks 55 Auto According to SNG E 55 Capture Time Defines the capture time The capture time corresponds to the time of one sweep Hence it defines the amount of data the application captures during one sweep By default the application captures 20 1 ms of data to make sure that at least one com plete LTE frame is captured in one sweep SCPI command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 121 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 54 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN General Settings Overall Frame Count Turns the manual selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If the overall frame count is active you can define a particular number of frames to capture and analyze The measurement runs until all required frames have been analyzed even if it takes more than one sweep The results are an average of the captured frames If the overall frame count is inactive the R amp S FSQ analyzes all complete LTE frames currently in the capture buffer SCPI command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe o
26. MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a 16QAM modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM DSST Returns the PDSCH 16QAM EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a 644QAM modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM DSSF Returns the PDSCH 64QAM EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical channel resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PCH Returns the mean value Usage Query only LSE Se SSRIS User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 98 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage Th
27. Remote Commands to Configure the Appltcation ee EE EN 115 Remote Commands for General Gettnges 115 Configuring MIMO Setup cece terete retiree ee ein ee eee teeeeeeeeiieeeeeeenneeeeeeee 123 Advanced General Gettngs cc ceccecccceeeeeeeee eee eeeeennneeeeeeeeeenaaeeeeeeeeeeiaaeeeeeeeeeeaas 124 LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 5 9 7 4 9 7 5 9 7 6 9 8 9 8 1 9 8 2 9 8 3 9 9 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation 127 Configuring Downlink Frames nnna 131 Defining Advanced Signal Charactertsiice eeste eee er reset rreteettsrrrrsrerreerens 135 Analyzing Measurement ReSuIts ccccccsesseeeeceeeseeeeeeeeeeeneeeneeesenenesseeeeseneeeeseeaeeees 140 General Commands for Result Analyse 140 Using Markerg uv EEN NEEEEENRRNEEE RENE NNN NEEN EE ENEE 142 Scaling the Vertical Diagram Axe 143 Configuring the SOftWare ccccccsceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeseaeeeesnesseeseeeeseseneeees 145 List OF COMIN AIG Sis sidcciciscicectetcscetentetcccdacncnnndnanceccctsteaseatstbestesecencanasece 147 Ti E 151 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Preface 1 1 Documentation Overview Preface Documentation Overview The user documentation for the R amp S FSQ consists of the following parts e Getting Started printed manual e Documentation CD ROM with Getting Started User Manuals for base unit and options Service Manual Release Notes Data sheet and product brochures Get
28. Results Using the Marker Marker Frequency After closing the dialog box the Marker 1 softkey turns green The marker stays active Dez Pressing the Marker 1 softkey again deactivates the marker You can also turn off the marker by pressing the Marker Off softkey If you d like to see the area of the spectrum around the marker in more detail you can use the Marker Zoom function Press the Marker Zoom softkey to open a dialog box in which you can specify the zoom factor The maximum possible zoom factor depends on the result display The Unzoom softkey cancels the marker zoom Marker Zoom Zoom Factor Note that the zoom function is not available for all result displays If you have more than one active trace it is possible to assign the marker to a specific trace Press the Marker gt Trace softkey in the marker to menu and specify the trace in the corresponding dialog box CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt STATe on page 142 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt AOFF on page 142 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt TRACe on page 142 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt X on page 142 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt Y on page 143 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 83 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink File Management File Manager 8 File Management 8 1 File Manager The root menu of the application includes a File Manager with limited functions for quick access to file managemen
29. SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling on page 128 Auto PDSCH Demodulation Turns automatic demodulation of the PDSCH on and off Turn on automatic PDSCH demodulation for automatic detection of the PDSCH resource allocation The application is able to detect the PDSCH resource allocation by analyzing the protocol information in the PDCCH or by analyzing the physical signal It then writes the results into the PDSCH Configuration Table You can set the way the R amp S FSQ identifies the PDSCH resource allocation with PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection on page 65 If the automatic demodulation of the PDSCH is off you have to configure the PDSCH manually In that case the application compares the demodulated LTE frame to the cus tomized configuration If the PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection is not turned off the application analyzes the frame only if both configurations are the same SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod AUTO on page 128 PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection Selects the method of identifying the PDSCH resource allocation e Off Uses the user configuration to demodulate the PDSCH subframe If the user config uration does not match the frame that was measured a bad EVM will result e PDCCH protocol Sets the PDSCH configuration according to the data in the protocol of the PDCCH DCls e Physical detection Physical detection makes measurements on TDD E TMs without a
30. SCPI command INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe on page 127 Full Scale Level Defines the voltage corresponding to the maximum input value of the digital baseband input SCPI command INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer on page 127 6 6 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation The downlink demodulation settings contain settings that describe the signal processing and the way the signal is measured You can find the demodulation settings in the Demod Settings dialog box 6 6 1 Configuring the Data Analysis The data analysis settings contain settings that determine the way the captured signal is analyzed The data analysis settings are part of the Downlink Demod tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 63 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Optml Pilot Payload EVM 3GPP Definition Physical Detection Auto Detect Channel ESMANN EE 64 EVM Calculation Method cccccccsccseccccssesseneccnecsstneescsesstaaunesuassaceneuuesseutacucsaieecneceass 64 ocami Of GOMSE NC 64 Auto PDSCH DEMOGUIBUOR EE 65 RUSCH Subframe Configuration Detection 2 c 0 cc ccseegeeesnteceeeneaeeesttnteeeeeeeeeedenneneess 65 Boosting RE 22 eeecsccscecccdeeesdeak de vd ped aess dnc Peiasdetsicseqeaaddsaadsacaetadsadastacaausteetenae 66 PDSGH Reference Date EE 66 Ouere FIET nceo nani a ai ia E OAE EE 66 Channel Estimation Selects the method of channel estimation e EVM 3GPP Definition Channel est
31. available only with a normal cyclic prefix CONFigure LTE DL TDD UDConf lt Configuration gt This command selects the UL DL subframe configuration for downlink signals Parameters lt Configuration gt Range 0 to 6 RST 0 EES User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 131 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application Example CONF DL TDD UDC 2 Selects allocation configuration number 2 9 7 5 2 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity CONFigure PETE DEPL OID orii cds shaved lesa EENS ENEE 132 CONFigure el TEE DLPLC CID Group icc ieee debian eed 132 CON Figure FETE DL PEC TE 132 es a HE elei 133 FETCH GE eg Te KEE 133 CONFigure LTE DL PLC CID lt Cellld gt This command defines the cell ID Parameters lt Cellld gt AUTO Automatically defines the cell ID lt numeric value gt Number of the cell ID Range 0 to 503 Example CONF DL PLC CID 12 Defines the cell ID 12 CONFigure LTE DL PLC CIDGroup lt GroupNumber gt This command selects the cell ID group for downlink signals Parameters lt GroupNumber gt AUTO Automatic selection 0 167 Manual selection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC CIDG 134 Cell identity group number 134 is selected CONF DL PLC CIDG AUTO Automatic cell identity group detection is selected CONFigure LTE DL PLC PLID lt lIdentity gt This command defines the physical layer cell identity for ownlink signals
32. button SAVE RECALL Key Besides the file manager in the root menu you can also manage the data via the SAVE RECALL key The corresponding menu offers full functionality for saving restoring and managing the files on the R amp S FSQ The save recall menu is the same as that of the spectrum mode For details on the softkeys and handling of this file manager refer to the operating manual of the R amp S FSQ EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 85 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Overview of Remote Command Suffixes 9 Remote Commands e Overview of Remote Command Guffives 86 WRGGAUCTON EE 86 e Selecting and Configuring Measurement A 91 e Remote Commands to Perform Measurements 93 e Remote Commands to Read Numeric Hesuhts 95 e Remote Commands to Read Trace Data 102 e Remote Commands to Configure the Applcatton 115 e Analyzing Measurement Results AA 140 Ee De deier RE 145 9 1 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes This chapter provides an overview of all suffixes used for remote commands in the LTE application Suffix Description lt allocation gt Selects an allocation lt analyzer gt No effect lt antenna gt Selects an antenna for MIMO measurements lt cluster gt Selects a cluster uplink only lt cwnum gt Selects a codeword lt k gt Selects a limit line Irrelevant for the LTE application lt m gt Selects a marker Irrelevant for the LTE application
33. case of errors Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represented by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 LSS N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 89 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN 9 2 5 3 9 2 5 4 9 2 5 5 Introduction Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF Example Setting DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 Character Data Character data follows the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 9 2 1 Long and Short Form on page 87 Querying text parameters When you query text parameters the system returns its short form Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are alphanumeric characters They have to be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many
34. correspond to an attenuation and negative values correspond to an amplification RF attenuation is independent of the reference level It is available if automatic reference level detection is inactive The range is from 0 dB to 75 dB EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 53 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN General Settings The process of configuring the electronic attenuator consists of three steps e Selecting the mode You can select either manual or automatic control of the electronic attenuator e Selecting the state Turns the electronic attenuator on and off e Setting the attenuation level Sets the degree of electronic attenuation If you have selected automatic attenuation the R amp S FSQ automatically calculates the electronic attenuation State and degree of attenuation are not available in that case If you turn the electronic attenuator off the degree of attenuation is not available SCPI command RF attenuation INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt analyzer gt on page 118 External attenuation DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet on page 118 Electronic attenuation INPut lt n gt EATT STATe on page 119 INPut lt n gt EATT AUTO on page 119 INPut lt n gt EATT on page 119 6 2 3 Configuring the Data Capture The data capture settings contain settings that control the amount of data and the way that the application records the
35. e Hybrid automatic repeat request ARQ Downlink hybrid ARQ is also known from HSDPA It is a retransmission protocol The UE can request retransmissions of incorrectly received data packets 2 3 References 1 3GPP TS 25 913 Requirements for E UTRA and E UTRAN Release 7 2 3GPP TR 25 892 Feasibility Study for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM for UTRAN enhancement Release 6 3 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 3 0 Physical Channels and Modulation Release 8 4 3GPP TS 36 300 E UTRA and E UTRAN Overall Description Stage 2 Release 8 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 16 References 5 3GPP TS 22 978 All IP Network AIPN feasibility study Release 7 6 3GPP TS 25 213 Spreading and modulation FDD 7 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for Wireless Broad Band Systems Using OFDM Part I IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 47 1999 No 11 pp 1668 1677 8 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for OFDM Based Broadband Transmission Part Il A Case Study IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 49 2001 No 4 pp 571 578 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Welcome Installing the Software 3 Welcome The EUTRA LTE software application makes use of the UO capture functionality of the following spectrum and signal analyzers to enable EUTRA LTE TX measurements con forming to the EUTRA specification e R amp S FSQ e R amp S FSG This manual cont
36. follows User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 9 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction REESEN Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution e Data Rate Peak data rates target 100 Mbps downlink and 50 Mbps uplink for 20 MHz spectrum allocation assuming two receive antennas and one transmit antenna are at the terminal e Throughput The target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is three to four times better than Release 6 The target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is two to three times better than Release 6 e Spectrum efficiency The downlink target is three to four times better than Release 6 The uplink target is two to three times better than Release 6 e Latency The one way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either the UE or radio access network and the availability of this packet at IP layer in the radio access network UE shall be less than 5 ms Also C plane latency shall be reduced e g to allow fast transition times of less than 100 ms from camped state to active state e Bandwidth Scaleable bandwidths of 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz and 20 MHz shall be supported Also bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz shall be supported for more flexibility e Interworking Interworking with existing UTRAN GERAN systems and non 3GPP systems shall be ensured Multimode terminals shall support handover to and from UTRAN and GERAN as well as inter RAT measurements Interruption time for hand
37. format 1A e 12 DCI format 1B e 13 DCI format 1C e 14 DCI format 1D e 20 DCI format 2 e 21 DCI format 2A e 22 DCI format 2B e 30 DCI format 3 e 31 DCI format A e 103 DCI format 0 3 3A lt modulation gt Represents the modulation scheme The range is 0 8 e 0 unrecognized e 1 RBPSK e 2 QPSK e 3 16QAM e 4 64QAM e 5 8PSK e 6 PSK e 7 mixed modulation e 8 BPSK lt number of symbols or bits gt In hexadecimal mode this represents the number of symbols to be transmitted In binary mode it represents the number of bits to be transmitted LSS M User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 111 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt PHICH duration gt Represents the PHICH duration The range is 1 2 e 1 normal e 2 extended lt PHICH resource gt Represents the parameter Ng The range is 1 4 e 1 N 1 6 e 2 N 1 2 e 3 N 1 e 4 N 2 TRACe DATA lt Result gt This command returns the trace data for the current measurement or result display For more information see chapter 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command on page 102 Query parameters lt TraceNumber gt TRACE1 TRACE2 TRACE3 LIST PBCH PCFICH PHICH PDCCH Usage Query only 9 6 2 Remote Commands to Read Measurement Results CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks ACPBowerACHannelREGur 112 CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks ACPBower Al TemateREGult 113 CAL Culate nz LUlMitck
38. is carried on the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH Downlink control signaling on the physical downlink control channel PDCCH is used to convey the scheduling decisions to individual UEs The PDCCH is located in the first OFDM symbols of a slot Downlink Reference Signal Structure and Cell Search The downlink reference signal structure is important for cell search channel estimation and neighbor cell monitoring figure 2 6 shows the principle of the downlink reference signal structure for one antenna two antenna and four antenna transmission Specific predefined resource elements in the time frequency domain carry the reference signal sequence Besides first reference symbols there may be a need for second reference symbols The different colors in figure 2 6 represent the sequences transmitted from up to four transmit antennas EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 14 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction H Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme One antenna ports Resource element k l Not used for transmission on this antenna port Two antenna ports Reference symbols on this antenna port Four antenna ports i H H eemn runbered dots _odd runbarad att dee rurbared zb _odd sumibared slots cverrunberad gots odd slots aanrand slots add nunaa sets e oeo o e oe o e et o Antenna port 0 Amerna port 1 Amenna por 2 Anienna por 3 Fig 2 6 Downlink Reference Signal Structure Normal C
39. list Note that at least one PRB must exist To load a frame setup press the File Manager softkey in the root menu of the applica tion Select the file you want to load and activate it with the Load Demod Setup button Loading an UO File The R amp S FSQ is able to process IO data that has been captured with a R amp S FSQ directly as well as data stored in a file You can store UO data in various file formats in order to be able to process it with other external tools or for support purposes EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 84 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink File Management SS a SS 8 2 SAVE RECALL Key UO data can be formatted either in binary form or as ASCII files The data is linearly scaled using the unit Volt e g if a correct display of Capture Buffer power is required For binary format data is expected as 32 bit floating point data Little Endian format also known as LSB Order or Intel format An example for binary data would be 0x1D86E7BB in hexadecimal notation is decoded to 7 0655481E 3 The order of the data is either IQIQIQ or I 1QQ Q For ASCII format data is expected as and Q values in alternating rows separated by new lines lt I value 1 gt lt Q value 1 gt lt I value 2 gt lt Q value 2 gt To use data that has been stored externally press the File Manager softkey in the root menu of the application Select the file you want to load and activate it with the Load IQ Data
40. power level for an external and an IF power trigger The name and contents of the Power Level field depend on the selected trigger mode It is available only in combination with the corresponding trigger mode The measurement starts as soon as the trigger event happens It may become necessary to start the measurement some time after the trigger event In that case define a trigger offset or trigger delay The trigger offset is the time that should pass between the trigger event and the start of the measurement The trigger offset may be a negative time The trigger offset is then called a pretrigger User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 56 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b a ii Configuring MIMO Setups The trigger offset is available for all trigger modes except free run SCPI command Trigger mode TRIGger SEQuence MODE on page 123 Trigger level TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt analyzer gt POWer on page 122 Trigger offset TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt analyzer gt on page 122 6 3 Configuring MIMO Setups The MIMO Configuration contains settings to configure MIMO test setups General MIMO Advanced Trigger Spectrum MIMO Configuration DUT MIMO Configuration 1 TX Antenna Tx Antenna Selection Antenna 1 MIMO COMNGUIATION EE 57 MIMO Configuration Selects the antenna configuration and test conditions for a MIMO system The MIMO configuration selects t
41. softkey SCPI command INITiate CONTinuous on page 93 Auto Level The Auto Level softkey initiates a process that sets an ideal reference level for the current measurement For more information see Defining a Reference Level on page 52 SCPI command SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt STATe on page 119 Refresh Updates the current result display in single sweep mode without capturing UO data again If you have changed any settings after a single sweep and use the Refresh function the R amp S FSQ updates the current measurement results with respect to the new settings It does not capture UO data again but uses the data captured last SCPI command INITiate REFResh on page 94 6 2 General Settings 6 2 1 Defining Signal Characteristics The general signal characteristics contain settings to describe the general physical attrib utes of the signal The signal characteristics are part of the General tab of the General Settings dialog box 3GPP LTE TDD Downlink 1 00768 GHz 10 MHz selecting tie LTE MOG EE 50 Defining the Signal e UE 51 Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks 51 CV CNC PE EE 52 Selecting the LTE Mode The standard defines the LTE mode you are testing R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN General Settings The choices you have depend on the configuration of the R amp S FSQ option FSx K100 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE
42. symbol EVM for that subframe only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 78 The x axis represents the OFDM symbols with each symbol represented by a dot on the line The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix Any missing connections from one dot to another mean that the R amp S FSQ could not determine the EVM for that symbol In case of TDD signals the result display does not show OFDM symbols that are not part of the measured link direc tion On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit B EVM us Symbol 0 10 Symbols div SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVSY TRACe DATA Frequency Error vs Symbol Starts the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display This result display shows the Frequency Error on symbol level You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any frequency errors within symbols The result is an average over all subcarriers The x axis represents the OFDM symbols with each symbol represented by a dot on the line The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix Any missing connections from one dot to another mean that the R amp S FSQ could not determine the frequency error for that symbol On the y axis the frequency error is plotted in Hz EE User Manual 1173 062
43. the number of configurable subframes in the downlink signal User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 133 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt NofSubframes gt Range 0 to 39 RST 1 Example CONF DL CSUB 5 Sets the number of configurable subframes to 5 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALCount lt NofAllocations gt This command defines the number of allocations in a downlink subframe Parameters lt NofAllocations gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALC 5 Defines 5 allocations for subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt CW lt Cwnum gt MODulation lt Modulation gt This command selects the modulation of an allocation in a downlink subframe Suffix lt Cwnum gt In Selects the codeword Parameters lt Modulation gt QPSK QPSK modulation QAM16 16QAM modulation QAM64 64QAM modulation RST QPSK Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 CW2 MOD QAM64 Selects a 64QAM modulation for the second codeword of alloca tion 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL 5UBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of an allocation in a downlink subframe Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 POW 1 3 Defines a relative power of 1 3 dB for allocation 5 in
44. the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Parameters lt Distance gt The unit depends on the result display you want to scale Example See chapter 9 8 Analyzing Measurement Results on page 140 IECH User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 144 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Configuring the Software 9 9 Configuring the Software CON PIGUME PRESEE EE 145 DiISPlay WINDOWS MA Elek 22700 EEeReeeERLd SEENEN ENER EE EES 145 SE DEE 145 MMEMon LOAD el TEE 145 MMEMory LOAD TMOD DL ionem iae aE EAEE acidie ENEE Eege 146 CONFigure PRESet Initiates a preset to the default state of the software and if connected to an analyzer also presets the analyzer Example CONF PRES Presets the software Usage Event DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect This command selects the measurement window Example DISP WIND2 SEL Selects screen B Usage Event FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command specifies the data format for the data transmission between the LTE measurement application and the remote client Supported formats are ASCII or REAL32 Parameters lt Format gt ASCii REAL RST ASCii Example FORM REAL The software will send binary data in Real32 data format MMEMory LOAD DEModsetting lt Path gt This command restores previously saved demodulation settings We The file must be of type allocation and depends on the link direction that was c
45. when you turn off automatic scaling For a fixed scaling define the distance between two grid lines scaling per division and the point of origin of the y axis the offset SCPI command Automatic scaling DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe AUTO on page 144 Manual scaling DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale OFFSet on page 144 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDiv on page 144 Using the Marker The firmware application provides a marker to work with You can use a marker to mark specific points on traces or to read out measurement results B EVM vs Carrier 1 54 MHzidiv Fig 7 3 Example Marker The MKR key opens the corresponding submenu You can activate the marker with the Marker 1 softkey After pressing the Marker 1 softkey you can set the position of the marker in the marker dialog box by entering a frequency value You can also shift the marker position by turning the rotary knob The current marker frequency and the corre sponding level is displayed in the upper right corner of the trace display The Marker 1 softkey has three possible states If the Marker 1 softkey is grey the marker is off After pressing the Marker 1 softkey it turns red to indicate an open dialog box and the the marker is active The dialog box to specify the marker position on the frequency axis opens Ss User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 82 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Analyzing Measurement
46. 0 42 06 37 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum B Freq Error vs Symbol Hz pau EES DEER EES FE EE E TEE AR EE EE ea BE 0 10 Symbols div SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM FEVS TRACe DATA EVM vs Subframe Starts the EVM vs Subframe result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM for each subframe You can use it as a debugging technique to identify a subframe whose EVM is too high The result is an average over all subcarriers and symbols of a specific subframe The x axis represents the subframes with the number of displayed subframes being 10 On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVSU TRACe DATA 5 4 Measuring the Spectrum This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal in the frequency domain IESSE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 38 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum In addition to the UO measurements spectrum measurements also include two frequency sweep measurements the Spectrum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio e Frequency Sweep Measurement cc cccccecceccceceanecaeceeceeeceeeeeeeceeeeeseeeeeeeteees 39 WO MOaASUreMe EE 42 5 4 1 Frequency Sweep Measurements The Spectrum Emission Mas
47. 1 ms B EVM us Carrier Av PK ey TT A A EE BEEN ILL LL JEE He e e E DEE Witt hi ott ah eT a AUTO NT a lhe ee CONSTELL 7 68 MHz 1 54 MHzidiv sPecTRUN J JEUTRAZETEN Auto LuL s RUN sc f RUN cont J REFRESH f screen ULT 1 Title Bar shows the currently active measurement application 2 Table Header shows basic measurement information e g the frequency 3 Result Display Header shows information about the display trace 4 Result Display Screen A shows the measurement results 5 Result Display Screen B shows the measurement results 6 Status Bar shows the measurement progress software messages and errors 7 Softkeys open settings dialogs and select result displays 8 Hotkeys control the measurement process e g running a measurement The status and title bar The title bar at the very top of the screen shows the name of the application currently running EUTRA LTE 18 08 09 The status bar is located at the bottom of the display It shows the current measurement status and its progress in a running measurement The status bar also shows warning and error messages Error messages are generally highlighted Display of measurement settings The header table above the result displays shows information on hardware and mea surement settings User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 IER R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Welcome Support Capture Time 20 1 ms The header table includes the fo
48. 10 dB Max output leakage 20 dBm Max response time 1 us Max recovery time 1 us An additional 10 dB attenuation should be placed in front of the RF limiter to absorb eventual reflected waves because of the high VSWR of the limiter The allowed maximum CW input power of the attenuator must be lower than the maximum output power of the BTS Performing the measurement If an external trigger is used before the actual measurement can be started the timing must be adjusted by pressing the Adjust Timing hotkey The status display in the header of the graph changes from Timing not adjusted to Timing adjusted and the run hotkeys are released Relevant setting changes again lead to a Timing not adjusted status dis play If the adjustment fails an error message is shown and the adjustment state is still not adjusted To find out what causes the synchronization failure you should perform a regular EVM measurement i e leave the ON OFF Power measurement Then you can use all the measurement results like EVM vs Carrier to get more detailed information User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 28 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements about the failure The timing adjustment will succeed if the Sync State in the header is OK Using a R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG it is recommended to use the external trigger mode since for high power signals a successful synchronization is not guaranteed under certain cir cumstances P
49. 138 PCFICH Relative Power Defines the power of the PCFICH relative to the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PCFich POWer on page 137 Configuring the PHICH The physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel PHICH contains the hybrid ARQ indicator The hybrid ARQ indicator contains the acknowledgement negative acknowledgments for uplink blocks You can set several specific parameters for the PHICH R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement a SS ee Se eS Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Turning off the PHICH If you set the value of the PHICH N to Custom and at the same time define 0 PHICH groups the PHICH is excluded from the signal DL Demod DL Frame Config PHICH Duration Normal TDD m_i 1 E TM PHICH N_g 1465 Number of Groups D Rel Power 0 dB PHICH Duration Selects the duration of the PHICH Normal and extended duration are supported With a normal duration all resource element groups of the PHICH are allocated on the first OFDM symbol With an extended duration the resource element groups of the PHICH are distributed over three OFDM symbols for a normal subframe or over two symbols within a special subframe If you select Auto the duration of PHICH is automatically determined and based on the PBCH decoding results Note that you have to turn on the PBCH for an automatic detetemination of the PHICH duration SCPI command CONFig
50. 2 06 124 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands a ee ee 9 7 3 3 Remote Commands to Configure the Application INPut lt n gt FiLTer YIG AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic control of the YIG filter on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example INP FILT YIG AUTO ON Activates automatic control of the YIG filter INPut lt n gt FILTer YIG STATe lt State gt This command removes or adds the YIG filter from the signal path If you remove the filter you can use the maximum bandwidth but image frequency rejec tion is no longer ensured Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example INP FILT YIG OFF Removes the YIG filter from the signal path TRACe 1Q FiLTer FLATness lt FilterT ype gt This command turns the wideband filter on and off Parameters lt FilterType gt NORMal Uses the normal filter WIDE Turns the wideband filter on RST NORMal Example TRAC 1IQ FILT FLAT WIDE Turns the wideband filter on Configuring the Baseband Input INPUtIO BALanced STAT c cce cceceeeyeeeesessecsaneescnescecenaassenedeechanectecancansasaunenersnaneatenarane 125 SE Wie SE 126 elle AR dE 126 ISENSel IO LPAgetSTATel 126 IGENSet IO DiTHertSt Ttel 126 INPut 1Q BALanced STATe lt State gt This command selects if the UO inputs are symmetrical balanced or asymmetrical unbalanced LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 125 R amp S FSQ K10x LT
51. 20 42 06 135 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application 9 7 6 2 Configuring the Reference Signal CONFigure LTEN DLUREF SQ POW EE 136 CONFigure LTE DL REFSig POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the reference signal Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL REFS POW 1 2 Sets a relative power of 1 2 dB 9 7 6 3 Configuring the Synchronization Signal CON Figure FETEP DLS NGAN Teta ET 136 CONFiqureELTEE DL SYNC PPOWGT ET 136 GCONFigune LTEJDL SYNC KENE einna EE ERT a AEE E EEE TENEAT 136 CONFigure LTE DL SYNC ANTenna lt Antenna gt This command selects the antenna that transmits the P SYNC and the S SYNC Parameters lt Antenna gt ANT1 ANT2 ANT3 ANT4 ALL NONE RST ALL Example CONF DL SYNC ANT ALL All antennas are used to transmit the P SYNC and S SYNC CONFigure LTE DL 5YNC PPOWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the P SYNC Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SYNC PPOW 0 5 Sets a relative power of 0 5 dB CONFigure LTE DL 5YNC SPOWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the S SYNC User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 136 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 7 6 4 Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters l
52. 20 ms trigger signal possible The PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection is not available if you have turned on Auto PDSCH Demodulation SCPI command SENSe LTE DL FORMat PSCD on page 129 e SSS User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 65 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Boosting Estimation Turns boosting estimation on and off If active the R amp S FSQ automatically sets the relative power settings of all physical chan nels and the P S SYNC by analyzing the signal SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod BESTimation on page 128 PDSCH Reference Data Selects the type of reference data to calculate the EVM for the PDSCH e Auto detect Automatically identifies the reference data for the PDSCH by analyzing the signal e AllO E TM Sets the PDSCH reference data to a fixed value of 0 This value is according to the test model definition To get valid results you have to use a DUT that transmits an all zero data vector This setting is a good way if you are expecting signals with a high EVM because the automatic detection will not be reliable in that case SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod PRData on page 129 Multicarrier Filter Turns the suppression of interference of neighboring carriers for tests on multiradio base stations on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc SCPI command
53. 8 de TL E 9 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution ccccecccsseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeees 9 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission SCHeEME cccccccsesseeeteeeeesseeeneees 11 IR EI 11 OFDMA PalameteniZation saccc sesncedepes du seseccces Suunnheceed devi vrine ded sang vtineade dees ayarneces EES 12 Downlink Data Transmission 0ccccccec cece ee eeeene eee eeeeaeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeseeaaeeeeseenaeeeeeeeaas 14 Downlink Reference Signal Structure and Cell Gearch 14 Downlink Physical Layer Procedures 16 REESEN 16 VT 18 Installing the SOMWaANGC ee E EES E EEEEEEEEREeEEeEE ENEE Ee E EENS nnmnnn nnna 18 ee lege ET E 18 SUPPONE E 20 Measurement BASICS csi secitecceecccsnt ence saccenses ceceeencancearteae ei aneeertenenae 21 Symbols and Variables ccccccscscstceeceeecediceceeeeesteeecesnestleveceveestleecssneestivecsreesttoecsareestine 21 OVOIVIOW oe ccecic cece cceciececteteien ccc ebeeienses dececenstendtlocetenendtlevedsdeeseleceeduenssdeteccssteestievdensessdove 22 The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application sseeeeeeeeeeeeees 22 SYMCMMOMIZATION E 22 Channel Estimation and Eousltzitaion nn 24 EI 24 Performing Time Alignment Measurement ccccccesseeereeeseeseeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeeneeseeenens 25 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurement ecccccesseeeseeeeeseenseeeeeseeeeens 27 Measurements and Result DisplayS cceccsssseneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 30 Numerical R
54. 84 SAVE RE CALL Key oisiiscctictacasecevantgessicnesciasascnaiaceansenscesdvieractiaiidenastasantervaecastastetiamnaiaas 85 Remote COMMAS sacs esas cnc ace tees cco tacetcancencsencnenesasetexsasereensessrtents 86 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes cccscccccceseeeeeeceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeseeeeseeeseeseeaes 86 IMtHO MU CHION eegugeee Ee eege teteesseced ceeeensiececnedensice R 86 Long and Short Fon 87 NUMONC SUTIXGS E 87 Optional KRevwordes cere erect teeter erie eee sere eae eee eee taaeeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeaeeeeeseeas 88 Alternative KeyWords ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeee terre eeceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeesecneaeaeeeeeseeeeeaeeeeeeteeenaaees 88 SCP Parammeters ocesiccdecevacevsckcgcceveevavecacsuaevveneecscovevvsneedcaeadsvseneeacesseverssaee avinencuctezdveee 88 Selecting and Configuring MeasSureme nts c ssecceeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeseeaes 91 Selecting Measurements eee cence ee enne eee eee enne eee eeeeaaeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeiaeeeeeeenaeeeeeeeas 91 Configuring Frequency Sweep Measurement ccececcceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeetaeeeeeeeeeaas 92 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements cccccccessseeereeeesesseeeeeseeeseeeseeneees 93 Remote Commands to Read Numeric ReSullts ccececeeeeecesseeeeseeeeeeseeeeeeeeneeseeenens 95 Remote Commands to Read Trace Dat ccccsesssceceeseeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeseeseeenseeeeeseeees 102 Using the TRACe DATA Commande 102 Remote Commands to Read Measurement Results 112
55. Bit Stream ID PBCH i 2 00 PBC 6 02 01 00 02 B Bit Stream Sub Allocation H J10101 101101111111 00110101 IER 1 100101000110100101111111010001011000111010110010 Fig 7 2 Bit stream display in downlink application if the bit stream format is set to bits SCPI command UNIT BSTR on page 141 7 4 Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram The Evaluation Filter dialog box contains settings to configure the contents of a con stellation diagram You can access the dialog box with the Constellation Selection softkey in the Mea surement menu Constellation Selection Filters the displayed results You can filter the results by any combination of modulation allocation ID symbol carrier or location The results are updated as soon as any change to the constellation selection parameters is made Note that the constellation selection is applied to all windows in split screen mode if the windows contain constellation diagrams Evaluation Filter Modulation Allocation ALL Symbol ALL Carrier ALL Location Before MIMO Decoder antenna Evaluation Filter Modulation Allocation ALL Symbol Carrier Location After MIMO You can filter the results by the following parameters e Modulation EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 80 7 5 Scaling the Y Axis Filter by modulation scheme e Allocation Filter by allocation ID e Symbol Filter by OFDM symbol e Carrier Filter by subcar
56. Ce DATA e Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ssseesesrrennesrrneseernnanrssnnaseeennannnsnnaaatennnannannna aa 103 Allocation SUMA See REENEN EE EE 103 GE TE 104 e Capture Butter 105 Eeer 105 Channel EE 105 e Channel Flatness Dtterence A 106 Chamel Group Delay iirinn aaa A TARANATA EEA 106 E e EE RR en DEE 106 EVI KE e e econ he cascchanacacadensuascnutsdens E E cacadesaaeaaaadsdentsueaadsaans 107 6 VIM WS ue D 107 6 EVM WS SUIS eege kee ee e dee sv aa de E EEE aa aS 108 Frequency Enor vs e 3 i5 220 03 dceratesogssan snack E 108 OWON POW oe ced asics caus anino inniinn ain docundugagiseseaclase aautdcacneacnstiechedaseetaeees 108 POWSF SDSCUUIN EE 109 o Power VS RB TEE 109 Power vs RB PODSGH E 109 e Spectrum Emission Mask 110 Retum SEENEN ANEN Ee AER 110 9 6 1 1 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio For the ACLR result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point e LIST Returns the contents of the ACLR table 9 6 1 2 Allocation Summary For the Allocation Summary the command returns seven values for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocation ID gt lt number of RB gt lt relative power gt lt modulation gt lt absolute power gt lt EVM gt The unit for lt absolute power gt is always dBm The unit for relative power gt is always dB The unit for lt EvM gt depends on UNIT EVM
57. E Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Configure the Application This command requires option R amp S FSQ B71 Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example INP IQ BAL ON Specifies symmetrical balanced IQ inputs INPut 1Q IMPedance lt Impedance gt This command selects the input impedance for UO inputs This command requires option R amp S FSQ B71 Parameters lt Impedance gt LOW HIGH RST LOW Example INP 1Q IMP LOW Selects low input impedance for UO input INPut IQ TYPE lt Path gt This command selects the input path for baseband input Parameters lt Path gt IQ I j Q l only Q Q only Example INP IQ TYPE I Uses input as the baseband path SENSe 1Q LPASs STATe lt State gt This command turns a baseband input lowpass filter on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example TQ LPAS ON Activate the input lowpass SENSe 1Q DITHer STATe lt State gt This command adds or removes a noise signal into the signal path dithering SSS N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 126 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 7 3 4 9 7 4 9 7 4 1 Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example TQ DITH ON Activate input dithering Configuring the Digital UO Input EISE le Cocoa eet aeves adda cone eae hans a Eaa eed veaged ad aaaea 127 INPutsn gt DIO RANGSEUP PON
58. E TDD signal only The software determines the location and length of the on period from the TDD UL DL Allocations and the Configuration of the Special Subframe Auto gating is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger If you are using an external trigger the DUT has to send an LTE frame trigger SCPI command SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO on page 93 6 5 Advanced General Settings The Advanced settings contain parameters to configure more complex measurement setups 6 5 1 Controlling UO Data The UO settings contain settings that control the UO data flow The Q settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO IST Trigger Spectrum 1Q Settings Swap lQ Swap VO E 59 Swap UO Swaps the real branch and the imaginary Q branch parts of the signal SCPI command SENSe SWAPigq on page 124 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 59 6 5 2 Advanced General Settings Controlling the Input The input settings contain settings that control the input source The input settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box For more information on reference level see Defining a Reference Level on page 52 For more information on signal attenuation see Attenuating the Signal on page 53 selecting the ee EE 60 WG Ra 60 HIgh Rn Eu 61 Selecting the Inpu
59. EE 98 FETCh SUMMan EVM DSSTtAVERagef 98 FETCESUMMam E SEET oinnia Eed SAS 98 FETChHSUMMary EVIVEDSSFIMINIMUINE eege EEENENE SEENEN ER aian iaaea 98 FETCHSUMMary EVM DSSFAV BRAGG eienen eraa aaa a iai ai Ea 98 FETCh SUMMarv EVM PCHannel M ANimum 98 FETCH SUMMary EVM PGHaninel MINIMUM isisisi aa daaa 98 FETCh SUMMarv EVM PCHannelt AVERagel 98 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimUM 0 2 ccceceeee cece a eceeeeeeeeeeeeecaeeaaaaeeeeeeeeseesanaaaaes 99 FETCH SUMMary EVM PSiGmalt MINIMUM oien iaaa ana aaa a aaa 99 FETChH SUMMary EVM PSiGnalPtAVERage iiciin cones a 99 FETCHSUMMary FERRO MAXIMUM EE 99 FE TCh SUMMarv FERbor MiNimum 99 la Mere El FERRO EE RE 99 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MANimum anani aeaiia aaia Raa 99 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MiNimum cence ee eeeeeeeeesaeeaaaaeeeeeeeeesaaaaes 99 FETCH SUMMaryGlMBalance RA E RE 99 FETCH SUMMary IQOFfset MAXIMUM 20 5602 c c te eden eee aT EE 100 PE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 95 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FE TCh SUMMarvlOOFtsetMiNimum 100 FETCH SUMManlQOFisel AVERAGE 100 100 FETCHSUMMa ry OS TP MAXIMUM concre a E A Eai EE TEE E 100 FETON SUMMa vV OSTP MINIMUM eiiiai a aa aia 100 FENCHSUMMarnOSTPPAVERage Z lana a a a aaa daaa 100 FETCHSUMMary POWer MAXIMUM one ainiai En aE EEEa E ERE EE 100 FETCH SUMMary POW en MINIMUM E 100 FE TCh SUMMarv POMWert AVEHRagel 100 FETCH SUMMan
60. ESUMES iiooicienccccced sccdecceted nanena anaana KEARE ENARA KANAANAN ANAKARA 30 Measuring the Power Over iMe ssssuuusssennunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnmnnn 33 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM ssssssuunnsnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnne 35 Measuring the Spectrum ccceccccccesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeeseeeseseeeneeseeeseseeeeeseeeeeeeeeneees 38 LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 3 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Contents 5 4 1 5 4 2 5 5 5 6 6 1 6 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 6 2 3 6 2 4 6 2 5 6 3 6 4 6 4 1 6 4 2 6 4 3 6 5 6 5 1 6 5 2 6 5 3 6 5 4 6 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 6 6 3 6 7 6 7 1 6 7 2 6 7 3 6 8 6 8 1 6 8 2 Frequency Sweep Measurements 2 ceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeececeeeseneeenenenenseeenaaaees 39 ebe 42 Measuring the Symbol Constellation ccceesceeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeseeneeees 45 Measuring Statistics ici sioicccccesiceccteccteteccctcccecuenecceceeedansecetiveccssneec teeedarscceteveedansecceeeee 46 Configuring and Performing the Measurement eeeeeeeeeees 49 Performing Measurement cccccccesseenceeeeeseeeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeenesseeeseeeseseeeeeeeeseeeaeens 49 General Settings E 50 Defining Signal Characteristics e cece ce eeeceee cere eeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeiaeeeeeeeeeeaas 50 Configuring the Input Level 52 Configuring the Data Capture o oo ecccccceeeeeeeenneeeee eee e
61. FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MINIMUM 000 eee eee ee ceee tence ceee cess eeaeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseaeessaeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseneensaes 97 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERa g cece cence eeeeeeeeeeeaeeseaeeceeeeseeseaeseeaeeseeseaeeseesneeteaeesaes 97 FETOCh SUMMarv EVM DSGE MANlmum ANEN 98 EETIChSUMMaSpEVM DSSEMINImUgd Eed tence gd deer auiscieisdeer omens tiestistnennaneeesientend 98 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage FETOCh SUMMarv EVM DSGTMANImum ue 98 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST MINIMUM eee cece ceee cece eens eeeeeeceeeeseeseaeeseeeeseeseaseseaeeseeseaeeseaeesaeeeaeesaes 98 FETOCh SUMMarv EVM DSGTTAVERagel Au 98 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXiIMUM 0 0 cece eceeeeneeeeeeseeeeeeaeeseeeeeeeeseeesseeeseeeeseeseaeessaeeseeseaeessaes 98 FETCh SUMMarv EVM PCHanpel MiNimum 98 FE TCh SUMMarv EVMPCHannelf AVERagel nernet 98 FETCh SUMMarv EVM PGlGnal MAximum intu t tutku EE EAtEAEEAEANEAtEnEnnEnnnaEnea nnen et 99 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM PGlGnal MiNtmum 99 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXiIMUM eee cece teee cece eeeeeteaeeeeeeesaeeseaeeseeeesaeeseaeseeaeesaeeseaseseaeesaeseaeesaes 97 FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINIMUM 2 00 cceeeceeeeeeceeeereeeeeeeeaeeeeeceeeseeeeeesaeeeaeeeeeaeeeaeeeesaeseeesneeeaeeeeeeatee 97 FETOCh SUMMarv EVMI AL LI AVERaoel AAA 97 FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXiIMUM 000 eee cece eens e cece eens eeaeeseaeeceaeeseeseaeeesseeseaeeseaeessaeeseeseseeeseeseaeeseaes 99 FETCh SUMMary FERROFMINIMUM tve
62. Figure LTE DL PCFich STAT el Tat HIR EAR REI Vd LE E EI 138 CONFigure ETE DE PDCCHINOP Diss geed dee aiaee p E a agaaa adil 138 V los UR EAR HEIN GI ELE de 138 CONFigure ETE DE PHICKID U Rationis eege SEENEN EENAEEEREEEIEd Nee Ehe Ederderdech 139 CONFig r LTE DLPHICH MITM isecccivenvaveveseasceisecareeniteractiavstaaeeseattebiediedit ben enisnse eege 139 CONFigure LTE DL PHICH NGParametel ccsscreccssscesserersensoenesecevsecseateestesseescesessnsessenseaenensenseesoasens 139 CONFigure LTE DL PHICH INOGROUDS is 90097 cascxeore atari aaeeedtaedeneed Maine piensa dante 140 CONFigure LTE DE PHICH POW EE 140 CONFigure LTE DL PLC CID CONFigurel GEERT ege eege e eE EEN Ea a AENEA 132 CONFig ref LTE DEPLCPUD aneren eeh e aaa iaa aaa a ia RE NPN Eaa 132 CONFigurel LTEFDLPSOFfSet leiriin iaeiae aieeaa Edge SaNa REET 135 CONFig r LTE DL REF Sig POWE i ii cenceremerercedereneceuceuderbsap a eaa i piippaa dedia ia pandadan daray Lakdi 136 CONFiourel L TETDL GUBFrame subtramez AL Count 134 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt POWel ccccceeceeceeeeeeceeeeeteeneeeeeeeeee 134 CONFiourel LTE DL GUBFrame subtramez Al Loc allocattonzR Coumt eee eeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeees 135 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBOFfset 00 eee cee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 135 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt CW lt Cwnum gt MODulation
63. N eeatt taak etann ttanttak etann ranni rener arenans 120 GENSSIUTEIERAMeCOUNGAUTO 120 GENSeILUTEIERAMe GOUNG STATe 121 Cast EE 121 SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt lt Subframes gt This command sets the number of frames you want to analyze Parameters lt Subframes gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Activates manual input of frames to be analyzed FRAM COUN 20 Analyzes 20 frames SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic selection of the number of frames to analyze on and off LSE N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 120 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands ees ss a n 9 7 1 4 Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt State gt ON Selects the number of frames to analyze according to the LTE standard OFF Turns manual selection of the frame number on Example FRAM COUN AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of the analyzed frames on SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe lt State gt This command turns manual selection of the number of frames you want to analyze on and off Parameters lt State gt ON You can set the number of frames to analyze OFF The R amp S FSQ analyzes a single sweep RST ON Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Turns manual setting of number of frames to analyze on SENSe SWEep TIME lt CaptLength gt This command sets the capture time Parameters lt CaptLength gt Numeric value in secon
64. NSe LTE DEIDEMOGSAWTO siciciccsctss cas ek iaire an Gdn Medea beac nena acaba 128 SENSe LTE DL DEMOG BESTiMations cctcicssicssevseceesecesctessectostesacsenesbecsaesasestestecdeensdbeaescandtasasstsernersetees 128 SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling ceccceceesesceeeeeeeeserecneeeeecereseeeeeeeeeeeeseeseneseeeeaeeeeesaneeneseaeeereeas 128 SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation eh wit SENSe LTE DL iDEMOG EVMCAIC cs ieiicecectevessiesdeesccsvesccuocsecasecuscssescessstevsctneoestesctseasensaedesstcnsctesseetesteneadese SENSE LTE DLDEMod MCFItEr nenene asseirai oxsavescendecsesctecescbece sab at iaeia iaia edavsddbaehaieacaen SENSe LTE DL iDEMOG PRData iciscissececietesscssssecsscsiovecnsstivesccsssocessszecsbesasetcnssieesecsuscterecsenseesdscdesdedsdencs IGENGelt LTEIDL FORMatR CD uttu tt ntu tt n tEn EEA tEAEENEEAEEAEEEENEENEEEEEEEAEERE EE EAEEa Eneee Eae ISENSe LTE DL TRACKING PHASE v ccccccccscccsserecesevsccnssecessscaccczacecebsecesttvanesssecessetracendsereracneessecbertscocesiseds SENSe LTE DL TRACKING MIME risiini inrita coset sdenses dead brvsdbeaset nab Ed neds crtestere dee SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt sea vais wack IGENSGeI LTEIERAMe COUNC AUTO SENSe LTE FRAMG COUNESTAT Ciiiiccccesccecccsstccesetseccnseceonstsasiveseccsossestenterseebecoutshscdsaastssetesneseecdastenieneds SENSE LTE OOP wer ATIMING iencctcetetciiedsattadsceecdadeateazasvendic eainadarsicaiescunainteneescascls dees uueapeeheaneea
65. OM EF TEE 34 Capture Buffer The capture buffer result display shows the complete range of captured data for the last data capture The x axis represents the time scale The maximum value of the x axis is equal to the capture length that you can set in the General Settings dialog box The y axis represents the amplitude of the captured UO data in dBm for RF input A Capture Memory dBm Ref 20 dBm np 0 00 0 00 dB CW 2 0 msidiv Fig 5 1 Capture buffer without zoom The header of the diagram shows the reference level the mechanical and electrical attenuation and the trace mode The green bar at the bottom of the diagram represents the frame that is currently ana lyzed A blue vertical line at the beginning of the green bar in the Capture Buffer display marks the subframe start Additionally the diagram includes the Subframe Start Offset value blue text This value is the time difference between the subframe start and capture buffer start When you zoom into the diagram you will see that the bar may be interrupted at certain positions Each small bar indicates the useful parts of the OFDM symbol E a User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 33 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Power Over Time A Capture Memory dBm Ret 20 dBm AtVE 0 00 0 00 dB 6 6 ms 0 0 msidiv Fig 5 2 Capture buffer after a zoom has been applied SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT CBUF
66. Q K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Configuring Downlink Frames The second signal is one of 168 unique sequences The sequence is defined by the cell identity group This sequence is contained in the S SYNC In addition to the synchronization information the cell ID also determines e the cyclic shifts for PCFICH PHICH and PDCCH mapping e the frequency shifts of the reference signal SCPI command Cell Identity Group CONFigure LTE DL PLC CIDGroup on page 132 FETCh PLC CIDGroup on page 96 Identity CONFigure LTE DL PLC PLID on page 132 FETCh PLC PLID on page 97 6 7 3 Configuring PDSCH Subframes The application allows you to configure individual subframes that are used to carry the information of the PDSCH The PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel primarily carries all general user data It therefore takes up most of the space in a radio frame If you turn Auto Demodulation on the appplication automatically determines the sub frame configuration for the PDSCH In the default state automatic configuration is on DL Demod OB FFT ties DL Adv Sig Config PDSCH Subframe Configuration Configurable Subframes 1 Selected Subframe 0 Used Allocations 6 Error in Subframes Every LTE frame FDD and TDD contains 10 subframes Each downlink subframe con sists of one or more resource allocations The R amp S FSQ shows the contents for each subframe in th
67. R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink LTE Downlink Measurement Application User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 ROHDE amp SCHWARZ Test amp Measurement User Manual This manual describes the following firmware applications e R amp S FSQ K100 EUTRA LTE FDD Downlink Measurement Application 1308 9006 02 e R amp S FSQ K102 EUTRA LTE MIMO Downlink Measurement Application 1309 9000 02 e R amp S FSQ K104 EUTRA LTE TDD Downlink Measurement Application 1309 9422 02 This manual is applicable for the following R amp S analyzer models with firmware 4 7x SP4 and higher R amp S FSQ3 1307 9002K03 e R amp S FSQ8 1307 9002K07 e R amp S FSQ26 1307 9002K13 e R amp S FSQ40 1307 9002K30 R amp S FSG8 1309 0002 08 e R amp S FSG13 1309 0002 13 2012 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Muehldorfstr 15 81671 Munich Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet http Awww rohde schwarz com Printed in Germany Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S FSQ is abbreviated as R amp S FSQ Customer Support Technical support where and when you need it For quick expert help with any Rohde amp Schwarz equipment contact one of o
68. Returns the current mean quadrature error in degrees Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary RSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary RSTP MINimum FETCh SUMMary RSTP AVERage This command queries the RSTP as shown in the result summary Return values lt RSTP gt RSTP in dBm Example FETC SUMM RSTP Queries the RSTP Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary SERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage This command queries the sampling error Return values lt SamplingError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average sampling error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit ppm Example FETC SUMM SERR Returns the current mean sampling error in ppm Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary TAE lt antenna gt This command queries the time alignment error E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 101 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands ee ee SSS SS SSS ed Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Suffix lt antenna gt 2 4 Number of the antenna you want to compare to antenna 1 Return values lt TimeAlignError gt Time alignment error of antenna 1 and another antenna Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary TFRame This command queries the trigger to frame result for downlink signals and the trigger to subframe result for uplink signals Return values lt TrigToFrame gt lt numeric value gt Default unit s Example FETC SUMM TER Returns the t
69. S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands b a a a Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PCF POW 0 Sets the relative power to 0 dB CONFigure LTE DL PCFich STAT lt State gt This command turns the PCFICH on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example CONF DL PCF STAT ON Activates the PCFICH CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh FORMat lt Format gt This command selects the PDCCH format Parameters lt Format gt 1 0 1213 RST 1 Example CONF DL PDCCH FORM 0 Sets the PDDCH format to 0 CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh NOPD lt NofPDCCH gt This command sets the number of PDCCHs Parameters lt NofPDCCH gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF DL PDCCH NOPD 3 Sets the number of DPCCHs to 3 CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PDCCH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 138 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Configure the Application Example CONF DL PDCCH POW 1 2 Sets the relative power to 1 2 dB CONFigure LTE DL PHICh DURation lt Duration gt This command selects the PHICH duration Parameters lt Duration gt NORM Normal EXT Extended RST NORM Example CONF DL PHIC DUR NORM Selec
70. SENSe LTE DL DEMod MCFilter on page 129 6 6 2 Compensating Measurement Errors The tracking settings contain settings that compensate for various common measure ment errors that may occur The tracking settings are part of the Downlink Demod tab of the Demodulation Set tings dialog box DL Demod rae OL Frame Config DL Adv Sig Config Tracking Phase Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for common phase error When phase compensation is used the measurement results will be com pensated for phase error on a per symbol basis Off Phase tracking is not applied Pilot Only Only the reference signal is used for the estimation of the phase error User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 66 6 6 3 6 7 6 7 1 Configuring Downlink Frames Pilot and Pay Both reference signal and payload resource elements are used for the load estimation of the phase error SCPI command SENSe LTE DL TRACking PHASe on page 130 Timing Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for timing error When timing compensation is used the measurement results will be compensated for timing error on a per symbol basis SCPI command SENSe LTE DL TRACking TIME on page 130 Configuring MIMO Setups The MIMO settings contain settings that configure MIMO measurement setups The MIMO settings are part of the Downlink Demod ta
71. User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 24 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics Performing Time Alignment Measurements EVM gata gt J EM i REdata kaata 4 4 The number of resource elements taken into account is denoted by Npe aata UO imbalance The UO imbalance can be written as r 1RsOj joS 4 5 where s t is the transmit signal r t is the received signal and and Q are the weighting factors We define that I 1 and Q 1 AQ The UO imbalance estimation makes it possible to evaluate the modulator gain balance 1 AQ 4 6 and the quadrature mismatch arg 1 AQ 4 7 based on the complex valued estimate 4 Other measurement variables Without going into detail the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement application additionally provides the following results e Total power e Constellation diagram e Group delay e UO offset e Crest factor e Spectral flatness 4 4 Performing Time Alignment Measurements The MIMO measurement application provides the possibility to perform time alignment measurements between the different antennas for 2 or 4 TX antenna MIMO configura tions The time alignment error values represent the time offset between the considered antenna and antenna 1 and will be displayed in the result summary A schematic descrip tion of the results is provided in figure 4 3 LSS a SSSR User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 25 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics
72. VO aonan ee dace scree cetera seein a ee 62 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 61 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Advanced General Settings HO Input Selects the impedance of the baseband inputs Depending on the configuration of the baseband input you can select an impedance of PO O and1kQor1MQ The UO input is available only if you have selected a baseband input source SCPI command INPut 1Q IMPedance on page 126 UO Path Selects the input path for baseband inputs You can either select a single input I or Q or a dual input I and Q If you are using single input swapping the and Q branches becomes unavailable The UO path selection is available only if you have selected a baseband input source SCPI command INPut 10 on page 126 Balanced Turns symmetric or balanced input on and off If active a ground connection is not necessary If you are using an assymetrical unbal anced setup the ground connection runs through the shield of the coaxial cable that is used to connect the DUT Balancing is available for a baseband input source SCPI command INPut 1Q BALanced STATe on page 125 Low Pass Turns an anti aliasing low pass filter on and off The filter has a cut off frequency of 36 MHz and prevents frequencies above from being mixed into the usable frequency range Note that if you turn the filter off harmonics or spurious emissions of the DUT might
73. With SF subframe and Symb symbol of that subframe The and Q values have no unit The number of return values depends on the constellation selection By default it returns all resource elements including the DC carrier The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns all constellation points included in the selection 9 6 1 10 EVM vs Carrier For the EVM vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each subcarrier that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average EVM over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 11 EVM vs Symbol For the EVM vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt EVM gt User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 107 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data For measurements on a single subframe the command returns the symbols of that sub frame only The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 12 EVM vs Subframe For the EVM vs Subframe result display the command returns one value for each sub
74. ZvQUADE ror MAXIMU miio nnani adea REENEN 101 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINIMUM ssia anions 101 FETCH SUMMary QUADerrontAV BRAGG ai iinan aaie i a Ea 101 FETCH SUMMany RS TP MAXIMUM cioinn anii a aa a aaa aaia aa 101 a LEET Ei En NH ln EE 101 La le ee TEE EE 101 FETCH SUMMa ry SERROR MAXIMUM Z ee caee eee ceeeeeeee eee eaeaaaaaeeeeeeeseseeaaeaaeees 101 FETCH SUMMarySERRGRMIN WU sts3s caocdccsenatagsbdedocnandedacgerdaeaetteduetutesssantdacedduaaas 101 FETChSUMMary SERRopAVERagel sieisen aa aA cere paca 101 FETCHISUMMary eebe Eege ENEE 101 FETCHISUM Mary MPR TTT 102 FETCh CYCPrefix This command queries the cyclic prefix type that has been detected Return values lt PrefixType gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet NORM Normal cyclic prefix length detected EXT Extended cyclic prefix length detected Example FETC CYCP Returns the current cyclic prefix length type Usage Query only FETCh PLC CIDGroup This command queries the cell identity group that has been detected Return values lt CidGroup gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 167 Example FETC PLC CIDG Returns the current cell identity group Usage Query only User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 96 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh PLC PLID This command queries the cell identity that has been detecte
75. ains all information necessary to configure perform and analyze such measurements e Installing the SOWIE iaaa EEA 18 Application ee TEE 18 SUP DOM E T E cacadcensuascnddeinesedcddiasanstadenniviencasareae 20 3 1 Installing the Software For information on the installation procedure see the release notes of the R amp S FSQ 3 2 Application Overview Starting the application Access the application via the Mode menu gt Press the MODE key and select LTE Note that you may have to browse through the Mode menu with the Next key to find the LTE entry Presetting the software When you first start the software all settings are in their default state After you have changed any parameter you can restore the default state with the PRESET key CONFigure PRESet on page 145 Elements and layout of the user interface The user interface of the LTE measurement application is made up of several elements EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 18 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Welcome EUTRA LTE 18 08 09 SETTINGS yne State GEN DEMOD RF A Capture Memory dBm Ref 23 6dBm Att I 0 00 0 00 ei MEAS oe a ae POE TOW FY Oe Ew PEPIN NOE OE ON POO Te TRIE SETTINGS ee PT E DISPLAY LIST GRAPH ee Lia a i re Se en ET E eee eee eee Uw EUM A UI All tel ball A Kiar budal dala wll Ju H drei Eeer wd ae lu ut wall li i A AL A a TT ii i ML __ eS aes 2 0 msidiv 20
76. ample CALC1 MARK FUNC POW RES Returns the current ACLR measurement results Usage Query only Remote Commands to Configure the Application Remote Commands for General Settings s i ccc ecteccaaeeeseeeeccadeeteesentaataeeeeeveeaes 115 Configuring MIMO EE 123 Advanced RER ue ET 124 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulatton AAA 127 Configuring Downlink Frames icciccc5isdecbcicscasdigececysissaseedeastedeeedvavheeeeatihaeeevale 131 Defining Advanced Signal Charactertstce AA 135 Remote Commands for General Settings This chapter contains remote control commands necessary to control the general mea surement settings EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 115 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application For more information see chapter 6 2 General Settings on page 50 9 7 1 1 Defining Signal Characteristics GONFigure FTE RTE EE 116 COR Figure PL TEP DL GC ge EE 116 CONFigure LTE DL NORB u ccccsccsccsscsescsessssesssseessssessssesnesssseesesnscsesonsnsnsutessvensnsusensnen 116 CON Figure EE TE UE E 117 CONFigure L TELL DIRGGUOnN ccccccitet onesie ete a des 117 SENSe FREQUENCY CENTON eege EES en pee eeekendaet acd KANE aaa 117 CONFigure LTE DL BW lt Bandwidth gt This command selects the downlink bandwidth Parameters lt Bandwidth gt BW1_40 BW3_00 BW5_00 BW10_00 BW15_00 BW20_00 RST BW10_00 Example CONF DL BW BW1 40 Sets a sig
77. ant indicators for the quality of a signal For more information on EVM calculation methods refer to chapter 4 Measurement Basics on page 21 EVM VS KEE criin EENS ENEE ENEE EELER 35 EWI VSS VIMEO eene ees dE EES TEE 36 Frequency Error yS Symbol oii iteltcsiiened pitted ied eaten and 37 EVM VS SUITING oo obese etece DEENEN ERENNERT ELSE 38 EVM vs Carrier Starts the EVM vs Carrier result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the subcarriers With the help of a marker you can use it as a debugging technique to identify any subcarriers whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over the OFDM symbols used by the subcarriers This average subcarrier EVM is determined for each analyzed subframe in the capture buffer EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 35 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the subcarrier EVM averaged over all subframes Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes If you select and analyze one subframe only the result display contains one trace that shows the subcarrier EVM for t
78. arse to position the window of the FFT If no P S Sync is available in the signal the reference signal is used for synchronization The fine timing block prior to the FFT allows a timing improvement and makes sure that the EVM window is centered on the measured cyclic prefix of the considered OFDM symbol For the 3GPP EVM calculation according to 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 9 0 the block window produces three signals taken at the timing offsets 4 41 and A For the reference path only the signal taken at the timing offset A is used LSE SSSR User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 22 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application Q data capture SE oa FFT _ Subcarrier 1 compensation selection buffer eg p H TREA Frame ong synchronisation estimation fz boarse Lass k reference path H d DS kne measurement path Fine timing signals at time offsets AS A and At Coarse channel Heo est RS based compensation Suave SFO optional RAE CRESS Aix Phase sync Phase sync ine channel est ik pilots RS and data symbols res CFO tracking Wei Customized x Customized th compensation equalizer Fig 4 1 Block diagram for the LTE DL measurement application After the time to frequency transformation by an FFT of length Nery the phase synchro nization block is used to estimate the following e the relative samplin
79. b of the Demodulation Set tings dialog box RTS DL Frame Contig DL Adv sig Cong Compensate Crosstalk s santi anann aani aaa Eaa aAa E aa KAN adaa E aaa 67 Compensate Crosstalk Specifies if crosstalk produced by the device under test or over the air measurements will be compensated or not SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CROSstalk on page 131 Configuring Downlink Frames The frame configuration contains settings that define the structure of the downlink LTE signal You can find the frame structure in the Demod Settings dialog box Configuring TDD Signals The TDD settings define the characteristics of an LTE TDD signal Configuring Downlink Frames The TDD settings are part of the Frame Configuration tab of the Demodulation Set tings dialog box DL Frame Config Configuring TDD Frames TDD frames contain both uplink and downlink information separated in time with every subframe being responsible for either uplink or downlink transmission The standard specifies several subframe configurations or resource allocations for TDD systems TDD UL DL Allocations Selects the configuration of the subframes in a radio frame in TDD systems The UL DL configuration or allocation defines the way each subframe is used for uplink downlink or if it is a special subframe The standard specifies seven different configura tions U uplink D downlink S special subframe Conf of Special S
80. be mandated EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 10 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme 2 2 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme 2 2 1 OFDMA The downlink transmission scheme for EUTRA FDD and TDD modes is based on con ventional OFDM In an OFDM system the available spectrum is divided into multiple carriers called sub carriers which are orthogonal to each other Each of these subcarriers is independently modulated by a low rate data stream OFDM is used as well in WLAN WiMAX and broadcast technologies like DVB OFDM has several benefits including its robustness against multipath fading and its efficient receiver architecture figure 2 1 shows a representation of an OFDM signal taken from 3GPP TR 25 892 2 In this figure a signal with 5 MHz bandwidth is shown but the principle is of course the same for the other EUTRA bandwidths Data symbols are independently modulated and transmitted over a high number of closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers In EUTRA downlink modulation schemes QPSK 16QAM and 64QAM are available In the time domain a guard interval may be added to each symbol to combat inter OFDM symbol interference due to channel delay spread In EUTRA the guard interval is a cyclic prefix which is inserted prior to each OFDM symbol 5 MHz Bandwidth FFT Is diu re Frequency Time a A Ak A A A A A Fig 2 1 Frequency Tim
81. be in the frequency range above 36 MHz and might be missed You can turn it off for measurement bandwidths greater than 30 MHz The low pass filter is available for a baseband input source SCPI command SENSe IQ LPASs STATe on page 126 Dither Adds a noise signal into the signal path of the baseband input Dithering improves the linearity of the A D converter at low signal levels or low modulation Improving the linearity also improves the accuracy of the displayed signal levels The signal has a bandwidth of 2 MHz with a center frequency of 38 93 MHz Dithering is available for a baseband input source SCPI command SENSe 1Q DITHer STATe on page 126 IECH User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 62 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement a a ee es Se ee ee Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation 6 5 4 Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO settings contain settings that configure the digital I Q input The digital UO settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO EES Trigger Spectrum Baseband Digital Settings Input Data Rate Auto Lei 10 MHz Full Scale Level Auto may Sampling Rate input Data Rate EE 63 Ful Scale Level ccionn a a TET E E 63 Sampling Rate Input Data Rate Defines the data sample rate at the digital baseband input The sample rate is available for a digital baseband input source
82. blocks RB The channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB are interdependent If you enter one the R amp S FSQ automatically calculates and adjusts the other Currently the LTE standard recommends six bandwidths see table below If you enter a value different to those recommended by the standard the R amp S FSQ labels the parameter as User but still does the calculations The R amp S FSQ also calculates the FFT size and sampling rate from the channel band width Those are read only SSS Se SSS User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 51 6 2 2 General Settings Number of Resource Blacks Sample Rate MHz SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL BWon page 116 CONFigure LTE DL NORB on page 116 Cyclic Prefix The cyclic prefix serves as a guard interval between OFDM symbols to avoid interferen ces The standard specifies two cyclic prefix modes with a different length each The cyclic prefix mode defines the number of OFDM symbols in a slot e Normal A slot contains 7 OFDM symbols e Extended A slot contains 6 OFDM symbols The extended cyclic prefix is able to cover larger cell sizes with higher delay spread of the radio channel Auto The application automatically detects the cyclic prefix mode in use SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL CYCPrefix on page 116 Configuring the Input Level The level settings contain settings that control the input level of the analyzer The level sett
83. ce IFPower HYSTeresis lt Hysteresis gt This command defines the trigger hysteresis Parameters lt Hysteresis gt Range 3 to 50 RST 3 Default unit dB Example TRIG IFP HYST 10 Defines a trigger hysteresis of 10 dB TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt analyzer gt POWer lt Level gt This command defines the trigger level for an IF power trigger Parameters lt Level gt Default unit DBM User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 122 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Configure the Application Example TRIG LEV POW 10 Defines a trigger level of 10 dBm TRIGger SEQuence MODE lt Source gt This command selects the trigger source Parameters lt Source gt EXTernal Selects external trigger source IFPower Selects the IF power trigger source IMMediate Selects free run trigger source RST IMMediate Example TRIG MODE EXT Selects an external trigger source 9 7 2 Configuring MIMO Setups CONFig ure LTE DLIMIMOASELection CNN AEN K EN 123 CON Figure FETE DIE MIMO CON FG iiia ia aaa a A aA 123 CONFigure LTE DL MIMO ASELection lt Antenna gt This command selects the antenna for measurements with MIMO setups Parameters lt Antenna gt ANT1 ANT2 ANT3 ANT4 Select a single antenna to be analyzed RST ANT1 Example CONF DL MIMO ASEL ANT3 Selects antenna 3 to be analyzed CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CONFig lt NofAntennas gt This co
84. compliance with rated specifications instrument function repair troubleshooting and fault elimination It contains all information required for repairing the R amp S FSQ by replacing modules User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 7 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Preface Release Notes Typographical Conventions The release notes describe the installation of the firmware new and modified functions eliminated problems and last minute changes to the documentation The corresponding firmware version is indicated on the title page of the release notes The most recent release notes are provided in the Internet 1 2 Typographical Conventions The following text markers are used throughout this documentation Convention Description Graphical user interface ele All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen such as dia ments log boxes menus options buttons and softkeys are enclosed by quota tion marks KEYS Key names are written in capital letters File names commands program code File names commands coding samples and screen output are distin guished by their font Input Links Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics Links that you can click are displayed in blue font References References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quotation marks User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduc
85. cs e EVM Shows the EVM of the allocation The unit depends on your selection SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT ASUM TRACe DATA Bit Stream Starts the Bit Stream result display This result display shows the demodulated data stream for each data allocation Depend ing on the Bit Stream Format the numbers represent either bits bit order or symbols symbol order Selecting symbol format shows the bit stream as symbols In that case the bits belonging to one symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits In the case of bit format each number represents one raw bit Symbols or bits that are not transmitted are represented by a If a symbol could not be decoded because the number of layers exceeds the number of receive antennas the application shows a sign B Bit Stream Sub Allocation Modulation Symbol Bit Stream frame ID Index 0 PBCH 0 02 00 01 00 02 000 o PBCH 3 o PBCH o PBCH O PBCH 0 PBCH o PBCH o PBCH A PBCH O PBCH O PBCH Di 03 03 00 010 H H H H H H 00 O 03 01 01 00 0 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PRRPRPRPHPRPRPRR ta The table contains the following information e Subframe Number of the subframe the bits belong to e Allocation ID Channel the bits belong to e Codeword Code word of the allocation e Modulation Modulation type of the channels e Bit Symbol Index Shows the position of the table row s first bit or symbol within the com
86. ction References 10 ms Radio frame Hi IW TT J 1 N er 1 ms E pagoa REEEELEL s 0 5 ms sub frame 0 5 ms slot Fig 2 7 P SYNC and S SYNC Structure As additional help during cell search a common control physical channel CCPCH is available which carries BCH type of information e g system bandwidth It is transmitted at predefined time instants on the 72 subcarriers centered around the DC subcarrier In order to enable the UE to support this cell search concept it was agreed to have a minimum UE bandwidth reception capability of 20 MHz 2 2 5 Downlink Physical Layer Procedures For EUTRA the following downlink physical layer procedures are especially important e Cell search and synchronization See above e Scheduling Scheduling is done in the base station eNodeB The downlink control channel PDCCH informs the users about their allocated time frequency resources and the transmission formats to use The scheduler evaluates different types of information e g quality of service parameters measurements from the UE UE capabilities and buffer status e Link adaptation Link adaptation is already known from HSDPA as adaptive modulation and coding Also in EUTRA modulation and coding for the shared data channel is not fixed but rather is adapted according to radio link quality For this purpose the UE regularly reports channel quality indications CQI to the eNodeB
87. d Return values lt Identity gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 2 Example FETC PLC PLID Returns the current cell identity Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage This command queries the average crest factor as shown in the result summary Return values lt CrestFactor gt lt numeric value gt Crest Factor in dB Example FETC SUMM CRES Returns the current crest factor in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a QPSK modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 97 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results Example FETC SUMM EVM DSQP Returns the PDSCH QSPK EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST
88. d ated aN a dE TRACe 1Q FILTer FLATness He ERR 112 TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt analyZer gt cece eeeeceeee eee eeeeeeeeeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseeeseaeesseessaeeseeeeesaeenseeeeaes 122 TRIGger SEQuencel FPower HOL Doft 122 TRlGoert GEOuencellFbower HG Teresis cece eee eee eeeeeceeeeeeeeseseeeceeseeesseeseseeeeaeseeeeessaeeeeeeeaes 122 TRlGoert GEOuencelL EVel analvzerz POMWer eee cece eeeeeeeeeeeneeseeeseaeesaeseaeeseeeseeessaeeneeeeaeeseeenaes 122 MRIGGErESEQUENCe MODE vis sssiccncasccesinndscasnewend ens uenteenepstesndeleeesteandtsnasiiuss es sud aia a a aain INIT SER E sce peepecesseeticeas si seni teases E E eens ia ates tesa svereered nies d ade ee eae epee edness UNITE EVM EE SENSe FREQuency CENTer IENGel IO DiTHert STATel E EISE Te HE NEE E seesiseezcieten ies chen tii acct ae EE etree aE AA EAA ARa iaa IEN Ze POMWWer ACHannel AACHannel cece eceeeeseeeeeeeceeseeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseaeessaeeseeeesseeseneeees 92 SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt TIME 120 IEN Gel POWer AUTO anavzerzfGTATel 119 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 149 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink List of Commands REESEN ISENS POWSNNCORTECHOM drini ESO ENEE eege 92 SENSe POWer SEM CATOQONY asccissscessscsescccsescessnesessessebsesssesescacsesssesneaeseessebaedsheseseczssbseventersenseponevebiestetseses 93 SENSE ES WAP IC BE 124 SENSe SWEep EGAT6 AUT EN tued dee ipai ug p aiaa ed ai eae de 93 SENSe SWV a Hl EE 121 EI ERC de ECK KREE 95 SE
89. d dE eege tegEgE eg I P SYNC Relative Power cccssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssesesenee 74 Identity Physical Layer 0 0 0 0 eee ceceeeeneeeeeneeeeeaees 69 R INPUE SOUNGE isssccs spices eevencap i venani aE AEAEE EEEE EA 60 Interface AEN 18 Reference Level c ccccccccssssssssssesesseseecscsesesestseesanetseees Relative power P SYNC User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 151 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Index Relative power reference signal cc eee 73 Relative power S SYNC eesseesseiesessreesrrrreserrriesesrnes 74 Remote commands Basics ON SYNTAX sssini ad eni iaip NEA 86 Boolean values s ccccccessescesscessctesesesecsesscevsssesvitetentenesee 89 Capitalization Character E E Data Te EE Numeric values Optional keywords Parameters ege debecsscctebs sudden athasieteesvareabveitanscivess Strings e Hl HE eeh Seege aa EEN eege ed Resgu rce Bleck iiini geed okee AN Result Display Constellation Selection ccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeseteeeeee 80 Result SUMMALY 0 ceeecceece cece teeeee eeeeeneeeeeeeeeseeaeeeeeeetees 30 S Scrambling of coded bits seesesiesseeieereerrerrerrrerrerrereee 64 Screen Layout Selected Subframe AA 70 Setting P S SYNC TX antenna seenen 74 Settings Eeer Auto PDSCH Demod Se Balanced EE boosting estimation ee cece ceeeeeeeteneeeees Capture Time COMM WEE Cell Identity Group sccseecencesessenccnneesecenssvee
90. ds Default unit s Example SWE TIME 40 Defines a capture time of 40 seconds Configuring On Off Power Measurements CONFigure PETE OOP ower NF ur 121 CONFigure LTE 00Power NFRames lt Frames gt This command defines the number of frames that are analyzed for On Off Power meas urements Parameters lt Frames gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF OOP NFR 10 Defines 10 frames to be analyzed LL SSSR User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 121 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application 9 7 1 5 Triggering Measurements TRIGger SEQuence HOLDO analyze i i a aaa a i a aaa Eai 122 TRlGoert GtOuencellFbower HOL Doft 122 TRlGoert GtOuencelltbower HvGTeresls eneiniad aa eaaa aa aa aaa 122 TRIG er SEQuence LEVel lt sanalyzer gt POWE ccein ai 122 TRiGger SEQuence MODE EE 123 TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt analyzer gt lt Offset gt This command defines the trigger offset Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST Os Default unit s Example TRIG HOLD 5MS Sets the trigger offset to 5 ms TRIGger SEQuence IFPower HOLDoff lt Offset gt This command defines the holding time before the next trigger event Note that this command is available for any trigger source not just IF Power Parameters lt Offset gt Range 150 ns to 10s RST 150 ns Default unit s Example TRIG IFP HOLD 1 Defines a holdoff of 1 second TRIGger SEQuen
91. e Representation of an OFDM Signal In practice the OFDM signal can be generated using the inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT digital signal processing The IFFT converts a number N of complex data symbols used as frequency domain bins into the time domain signal Such an N point IFFT is illustrated in figure 2 2 where a mN n refers to the nf subchannel modulated data symbol during the time period mT lt t lt m 1 T User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 11 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme mt m 1 T time a mN 0 mT a mN 1 time time a mN 2 D SmO sl Self Sm N 1 S m 1 T frequency Fig 2 2 OFDM useful symbol generation using an IFFT The vector s is defined as the useful OFDM symbol It is the time superposition of the N narrowband modulated subcarriers Therefore from a parallel stream of N sources of data each one independently modulated a waveform composed of N orthogonal sub carriers is obtained with each subcarrier having the shape of a frequency sinc function see figure 2 1 figure 2 3 illustrates the mapping from a serial stream of QAM symbols to N parallel streams used as frequency domain bins for the IFFT The N point time domain blocks obtained from the IFFT are then serialized to create a time domain signal Not shown in figure 2 3 is the process of cyclic prefix insertion N T symbols sec QAM j prom
92. e Result Summary SCPI command DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe on page 91 Contents of the result summary User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 30 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results Res Frame Result 1 1 Mean Subframe s ALL Selection Antenna 1 Frame Result 1 1 Hz ppm dB dB dBm dBm dBm Crest Factor dB The table is split in two parts The first part shows results that refer to the complete frame For each result the minimum mean and maximum values are displayed It also indicates limit check results where available The font of Pass results is green and that of Fail results is red In addition to the red font the application also puts a red star MM in front of failed results e EVM PDSCH QPSK Shows the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage on page 97 e EVM PDSCH 16QAM Shows the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST AVERage on page 98 e EVM PDSCH 64QAM Shows the EVM for all 64QAM modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage on page 98 e Time Alignment Error 2 1 3 1 4 1 Shows the timing difference in MIMO setups between antenna 1 and another antenna 2 3 or 4 FETCh SUMMary TAE lt antenna gt on page 101 By defa
93. e TX chan nel as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA128 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 1 28MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA768 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 7 68MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier RST EUTRA Example POW ACH AACH UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier SENSe POWer NCORrection lt State gt This command turns noise correction for ACLR measurements on and off IECH User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 92 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Perform Measurements Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example POW NCOR ON Activates noise correction SENSe POWer SEM CATegory lt Category gt This command selects the SEM limit category as defined in 3GPP TS 36 104 Parameters lt Category gt A Category A B Category B RST A Example POW GEM CAT B Selects SEM category B SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO lt State gt This command turns auto gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off This command is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger Parameters lt State gt ON Evaluates the on period of the LTE signal only OFF Evaluates the complete signal Example SWE EGAT AUTO ON Turns auto gat
94. e configuration table In the configuration table each row corresponds to one allocation Number Confl of RB Hiss cc Ge bes KK pe es p E pe QPSK 2 12 0 dB QPSK 1 14 0 dB If there are any errors or conflicts between allocations in one or more subframes the application shows the number of errors and the number of the corrupt subframe in the Error in Subframes field It does not show the kind of error Before you start to work on the contents of each subframe you should define the number of subframes you want to customize with the Configurable Subframes parameter The application supports the configuration of up to 40 subframes User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 70 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Configuring Downlink Frames Then you can select a particular subframe that you want to customize in the Selected Subframe field Enter the number of the subframe starting with 0 The application updates the contents of the configuration table to the selected subframe Configuring PDSCHAMOGaUONS eegene ENGER EA 71 Configuring PDSCH Allocations In the default state each subframe contains one allocation Add allocations with the Used Allocations parameter The application expands the configuration table accord ingly with one row representing one allocation You can define a different number of allocations for each subframe you want to configure and configure up to
95. e display of the results You can open the dialog box with the Meas Settings softkey The corresponding dialog box is made up of three tabs By default the Selection tab is the active one e Selecting a Particular Signal Aepect AEN 78 e Defining Measurement Une ccc ceceeeeneeeeneeteeceeeneneeeeeecaeneeeneeeenatbeneeeeeae 79 e Defining Various Measurement Parameters AAA 79 e Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram 80 Scaling the E CT 81 Using Me EN ET 82 7 1 Selecting a Particular Signal Aspect In the Selection tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can select specific parts of the signal you want to analyze Subframe Selection Selects a particular subframe whose results the software displays You can select a particular subframe for the following measurements Result Summary EVM vs Carrier EVM vs Symbol Channel Flatness Channel Group Delay Channel Flatness Difference Constellation Diagram Allocation Summary and Bit Stream If All is selected either the results from all subframes are displayed at once or a statistic is calculated over all analyzed subframes Selecting All either displays the results over all subframes or calculates a statistic over all subframes that have been analyzed User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 78 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Analyzing Measurement Results Defining Measurement Units Example Subframe selection If you select all subframes All
96. e of physical quantities you can also add the unit If the unit is missing the command uses the basic unit Example with unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 159 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Instead of a number you can also set numeric values with a text parameter in special cases e MIN MAX Defines the minimum or maximum numeric value that is supported e DEF Defines the default value e UP DOWN Increases or decreases the numeric value by one step The step size depends on the setting In some cases you can customize the step size with a corresponding command Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quan tities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencies The number of digits after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 1 amp 9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF Infinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in
97. e optional keyword Otherwise the suffix of the missing keyword is assumed to be the value 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZO0M STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 9 2 4 Alternative Keywords A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both keywords to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ 9 2 5 SCPI Parameters Many commands feature one or more parameters If a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values Numene EE 89 21 EE 89 g Character Da eiiie ee 90 Character SUNOS ii ETE EANA 90 BIOK Dala aene iaeei iat E TEE EA AN AT AT AE ege eg 90 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 88 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN 9 2 5 1 9 2 5 2 Introduction Numeric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form i e with sign decimal point or exponent In cas
98. eee 101 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage FETCH SUMMary RSTP MAXIMUM 0 cece lava nedleot niece ened ivi atessgeszsapeacenat eege aie cated 101 FETCh SUMMarv RSGTb MiNimum utkat nt tnt AnEAtENEEAEEENEAEEAENEAESEAEEAEE AEE EnE nean 101 FETCh SUMMarv RGTREAVERagel 101 FETCh SUMMary SERRO MAXIMUM siiip seca SEENEN 101 FE TCh SUMMarv SGERbRorMiNimum AANEREN 101 FETCh SUMMary SERROMAVERAG6 jist cncnetesseeeseeeeyeendehisavedede ne teeaeinadivnsindisnvetenaeaeieds 101 FETCH SUMMary LE eebe cco sicsscescasceckendeuces nanan r ranea AAEN Eaa Ea aS 101 FEDCH SUMMaty TF RAME espiniera Are NES ENEE PENE AAAA EEEREN AEDE E NEESON 102 FORMat DATA a INTiIate GON Hp udesetk Eege VEER ceeedwesxedaes vadena tnea aa taadaa ardada e atian ieee dka daia Naaa NiNa 93 IN tee 94 NIE EE 94 INPutIQ BALanced STAT e sssrin ea eaaa aaa aaae eaan den en e Seeda aaa aiaa 125 ll ege REI 126 UT ST ea i d E 126 INPUESE LOC cc 25 cccodcsxeieiesctgcecchivzsettveueresaev hears neve be vais EEEE ATE EE TE N AE eter een Maawti A AAEE 124 INPutsn gt AT KEN TEE 118 INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer STE le KE CEET ee AR EE NIE a D DEE INPutsn BAT T STA T green eege nie distin nied earn a RE ADAN EA IST E e EC de EA e EE INbutznz Fil TerviGlSrATel ttnan EnA AEANEAEREAEEAEAEANEA EESE En EAEE En ennnen eea MMEMory LOAD DEM dSettiNg ssi icccce2c0s Receseitecseent assaia E AAE AA SERA EE de 145 MMEMop LOAD TMOD Dl rte enaena aaea R stead AEE EARE i css aa
99. eennneeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeiaeeeeeeeneeeaas 54 Configuring On Off Power Measurements 00 ccccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeencnaeeeeeeeeeenaaeeeeeeeeeeaaas 55 Triggering MGaSUrements 0 ccccceeseccccceeseeeencececenteeeecaecscetnessecceddeeneeeeceececeeenedeaceedentees 56 Configuring MIMO Setups cccccssssenceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeneeeseeeeeeseeeeseeeeeseeaeseeesesseeesseeeeeeeaes 57 Configuring Spectrum Measurements ccccceccseencceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseseeeeseeeeeeseae 57 Configuring SEM Measurement ccceccceeeeeeceeneeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeenaaeeeeeeeneeaas 58 Configuring ACLR Measurements eeececceeeeeeeeeeeencneeeeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeenaaeeeeeeeeeeeaas 58 Configuring Gated Measurements eee eeecceeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeesaeeeeeeeneeaas 59 Advanced General SettingS cccccccsss ssnecceeenseeseeneeeeeeesaeeeeeeeeeenseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeesseenneees 59 Controlling e NEE 59 Controlling tie pty oceiescish codes cvs eee heed di vcivee E etdeedbah eeeneceeeeuanes 60 Configuring the Baseband Input 61 Configuring the Digital VG Input 63 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation cceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes 63 Configuring the Data Analyse 63 Compensating Measurement Errors c cccceeecccteeeeeeeeeeeccneeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeesiaeeeeeseeenaas 66 Configuring MIMO Setup aiiis ia innein EEEREN ANANE KANENN AE EEA 67 Configuring Downlink FrameS ssssssssssenennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
100. er Ge mn wee 84 Constellation Selection 2 0 0 0 eee eee eeeeeeeneeeeneeeeeee 80 power spectrum Se Sch 42 power vs RB PDSCH 43 D power vs RBRS 43 result summary 30 Dialog spectrum mask wa 39 Market sisi tacinaataneeuearnarsncananteaih E E E A MKR key EE 82 Marker ZOOM ENEE Multicarrier filter c ccccceecsesseseeecesessessecsesseeseeseeneeneees 66 Digital Input Data Rate as si D lo EE N E Number Of Rb eeteEe Dee Eed de EN N merical reeulte ged duu EE EES ere 30 Error in SUDMAMES sis casita scsivcis adsense cetesentersanievs ideacectndes 70 EVM Calculation Method 0 2 0 0 cc cece ceeseeeeneeeeneeeeees 64 O EVM vs Carrier iy ix EVM vs Subframe isiiicsineinnieininenniiinaiieipiisienii iian 38 On Off e UE 34 EVM VS SVMDOl age Bege e Eege slasinesshennitenmnevaces 36 External Attenuation c ccccccccsccscscscsscesesesesescsteteseseseseees 53 P F P S SYNC TX antenna cccceeceeeeceeeceeeeeeteneeeeeeteeeeees 74 PBG H aroan anner eea eae Ea Eed 75 n 51 PCFICH afd Frequency error VS symbol cceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 37 PDSCH reference data A 66 Full Scale Level cciiciccsccsaccedec stasccnssec scctsasntvacetsasenessssvsensete 63 PDSCH subframe detection 0 0 0 0 ee cece eeeeeeeeeeees 65 Phase Error H PHICH EE Power e E Header Table opinou Breed Eed 19 Power vs RB PDSCH S WEE 61 PoWer VS RB RS tee eege eer PRB symbol Offset i cc scs ccceccetesenssdeses
101. eraged to calculate a reliable power trace for On Off Power measurements SCPI command CONFigure LTE OO0Power NFRames on page 121 6 2 5 Triggering Measurements The trigger settings contain settings that control triggered measurements The trigger settings are part of the Trigger tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Advanced Trigger Spectrum Trigger Settings Trigger Mode Free Run Trigger Offset Os Auto Gating Lei Ext Trigger Level Auto AN For more information also see Auto Gating in the Spectrum tab of the General Set tings dialog box CONMIGUIIFIG TS TING EE 56 Configuring the Trigger A trigger allows you to capture those parts of the signal that you are really interested in While the R amp S FSQ runs freely and analyzes all signal data in its default state no matter if the signal contains information or not a trigger initiates a measurement only under certain circumstances the trigger event The R amp S FSQ supports several trigger modes or sources e Free Run Starts the measurement immediately and measures continuously e External The trigger event is the level of an external trigger signal The measurement starts when this signal meets or exceeds a specified trigger level at the Ext Trigger Gate input e IF Power The trigger event is the IF power level The measurement starts when the IF power meets or exceeds a specified power trigger level You can define a
102. eters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM BEST ON Turns boosting estimation on SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling lt State gt This command turns scrambling of coded bits for downlink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM CBSC ON Activate scrambling of coded bits SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation lt Type gt This command selects the channel estimation type for downlink signals Parameters lt Type gt TGPP 3GPP EVM definition PIL Optimal pilot only PILP Optimal pilot and payload RST TGPP Example DL DEM CEST TGPP Use 3GPP EVM definition for channel estimation LSE MN User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 128 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Configure the Application SENSe LTE DL DEMod EVMCalc lt Calculation gt This command selects the EVM calculation method for downlink signals Parameters lt Calculation gt TGPP 3GPP definition OTP Optimal timing position RST TGPP Example DL DEM EVMC TGPP Use 3GPP method SENSe LTE DL DEMod MCFilter lt State gt This command turns suppression of interfering neighboring carriers on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example DL DEM MCF ON Turns suppression on of neighboring carriers on SENSe LTE DL DEMod PRData lt Reference gt This command
103. g frequency offset SFO e the residual carrier frequency offset Af es CFO e the common phase error CPE According to 3GPP TS 25 913 and 3GPP TR 25 892 the uncompensated samples can be expressed as iD j20 Ng Noepr CF j2a Ns NegrMypes Tl Rp A Arp el 1 el s Neer el s N rer A Ni 5 gt gt gt gt CPE SFO Sao 4 1 where e the data symbol is a on subcarrier k at OFDM symbol e the channel transfer function is h e the number of Nyquist samples is N within the symbol time T e the useful symbol time T T T e the independent and Gaussian distributed noise sample iS Nx Within one OFDM symbol both the CPE and the residual CFO cause the same phase rotation for each subcarrier while the rotation due to the SFO depends linearly on the subcarrier index A linear phase increase in symbol direction can be observed for the residual CFO as well as for the SFO The results of the tracking estimation block are used to compensate the samples rik SSE N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 23 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics REESEN The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application Whereas a full compensation is performed in the reference path the signal impairments that are of interest to the user are left uncompensated in the measurement path After having decided the data symbols in the reference path an additional phase tracking can be utilized to refine the CPE estimation 4 3 2 Channel Es
104. hat subframe only Average minimum and maximum val ues in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 78 The x axis represents the center frequencies of the subcarriers On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit B EVM vs Carrier 7 68 MHz 1 54 MHzidiv SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVCA TRACe DATA EVM vs Symbol Starts the EVM vs Symbol result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the OFDM symbols You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any symbols whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over all subcarriers that are part of a particular OFDM symbol This average OFDM symbol EVM is determined for each analyzed subframe If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the OFDM symbol EVM averaged over all subframes Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 36 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM If you select and analyze one subframe only the result display contains one trace that shows the OFDM
105. he control channel The control channel settings are part of the Downlink Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Configuring the PBCH c 2 ccc ecceetee eet eacaeee cb teecdecncenedaetbeseesdhdeoeeeeeagatenee cna 75 TContiQuringthe PRC Micccscsicdaccsnstiandiadiassesdanadetanadandumcdanasmacdsedriansaeandadaacsannas 75 Contiguring the PRICK EE 75 Configuring the ft NEEN 77 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 74 6 8 4 1 6 8 4 2 6 8 4 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Configuring the PBCH The physical broadcast channel PBCH carries system information for the user equip ment You can include or exclude the PBCH in the test setup and define the relative power of this channel DL Adv Sig Config PBCH Present Includes or excludes the PBCH from the test setup SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PBCH STAT on page 137 PBCH Relative Power Defines the power of the PBCH relative to the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PBCH POWer on page 137 Configuring the PCFICH The physical control format indicator channel PCFICH carries information about the format of the PDCCH You can include or exclude the PCFICH in the test setup and define the relative power of this channel DL Adv Sig Config PCFICH Present Includes or excludes the PCFICH from the test setup SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PCFich STAT on page
106. he number of transmit antennas in the system 1 2 and 4 antenna configurations are possible In setups with multiple antennas antenna selection defines the antenna you d like to test You can select the antenna s to test manually Antenna 1 Tests antenna 1 only Antenna 2 Tests antenna 2 only Antenna 3 Tests antenna 3 only Antenna 4 Tests antenna 4 only SCPI command MIMO configuration CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CONFig on page 123 Antenna selection CONFigure LTE DL MIMO ASELection on page 123 6 4 Configuring Spectrum Measurements The Spectrum settings contain parameters to configure spectrum measurements ACLR and SEM in particular User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 57 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b ee ee eee Configuring Spectrum Measurements 6 4 1 Configuring SEM Measurements The SEM settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Advanced Trigger Settings Channel Category A CREGO oin RA EUREN 58 Category Selects the limit definitions for SEM measurements Category A and B are defined in ITU R recommendation SM 329 The category you should use for the measurement depends on the category that the base station you are testing supports SCPI command SENSe POWer SEM CATegory on page 93 6 4 2 Configuring ACLR Measurements The ACLR settings are part of the
107. i ES i 25 Time Alignment Error M 1 li e Ww i Time H Fig 4 3 Schematic description of the time alignment results Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements The technical specification in 3GPP TS 36 141 prescribes the measurement of the trans mitter OFF power and the transmitter transient period of an EUTRA LTE TDD base transceiver station BTS operating at its specified maximum output power A special hardware setup is required for this measurement since the actual measurement is done User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 27 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements at very low power during the transmitter OFF periods requiring low attenuation at the analyzer input The signal power during the transmitter ON periods in this test scenario is usually higher than the specified maximum input power of the R amp S FSx signal analyzer and will cause severe damage to the analyzer if the measurement is not set up appro priately Test setup R amp S FSx with R amp S FSx B25 Ext reference signal Attenuator RF Limiter To protect the analyzer input from damage an RF limiter has to be applied at the analyzer input connector as can be seen in figure 2 16 Table 1 1 shows the specifications the used limiter has to fulfill Min acceptable CW input power BTS output power minus 10 dB Min acceptable peak input power BTS peak output power minus
108. ilot and payload RST OFF Example DL TRAC PHAS PILPAY Use pilots and payload for phase tracking SENSe LTE DL TRACking TIME lt State gt This command turns timing tracking for downlink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example DL TRAC TIME ON Activates timing tracking E MN User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 130 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application 9 7 4 3 Configuring MIMO Setups CONFigureETE DLIMIMO C ROS Stale gege sans enc vesladdeve eudeadextegnde deaeeepecaiamedeaaa anaes 131 CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CROSstalk lt State gt This command turns MIMO crosstalk compensation on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF DL MIMO CROS ON Turns crosstalk compensation on 9 7 5 Configuring Downlink Frames 9 7 5 1 Configuring TDD Signals CON Figure FE TEPDET DD ET 131 CONFigurefE TEL DLITDDIUDGONE ssc niassseveeeaeeee cede aceon ENNEN ENNNE NEE 131 CONFigure LTE DL TDD SPSC lt Configuration gt Selects the configuration of a TDD special subframe Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Numeric value that defines the subframe configuration Subframe configurations 7 and 8 are only available if the cyclic prefix is normal Range 0 to 8 RST 0 Example CONF DL CYCP NORM Selects normal cyclic prefix CONF DL TDD SPSC 7 Selects subframe configuration 7
109. imation according to 3GPP TS 36 141 This method is based on aver aging in frequency direction and linear interpolation Examines the reference signal only e Optimal Pilot only Optimal channel estimation method Examines the reference signal only e Optimal Pilot and Payload Optimal channel estimation method Examines both the reference signal and the payload resource elements SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation on page 128 EVM Calculation Method Selects the method to calculate the EVM e EVM 3GPP Definition Calculation of the EVM according to 3GPP TS 36 141 Evaluates the EVM at two trial timing positions and then uses the maximum EVM of the two e At Optimal Timing Position Calculates the EVM using the optimal timing position SCPI command SENSe LTE DL DEMod EVMCalc on page 129 Scrambling of Coded Bits Turns the scrambling of coded bits for all physical channels like PDSCH or PHICH on and off The scrambling of coded bits affects the bitstream results R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement DEET Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Source ofbitstream results when Scrambling of coded bits is ON OFF unscrambled bits scrambled bits Scrambling pas ae Scrambling pat aang Fig 6 1 Source for bitstream results if scrambling for coded bits is on and off codewords mapper
110. ing on 9 4 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements INITE CONTINUOUS EE 93 EIN TEE 94 le UE REE ROS iesire EEEE AEE EE EEE LEE EE ENET 94 SENSE EL TEL OOP GWE lA ul EE 94 Zait E 95 INITiate CONTinuous lt State gt This command controls the sweep mode LSS Se SSSR SSE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 93 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands SS E Remote Commands to Perform Measurements Parameters lt State gt ON OFF ON Continuous sweep OFF Single sweep RST OFF Example INIT CONT OFF Switches the sequence to single sweep INIT CONT ON Switches the sequence to continuous sweep INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a new measurement sequence With a frame count gt 0 this means a restart of the corresponding number of measure ments In single sweep mode you can synchronize to the end of the measurement with OPCc In continuous sweep mode synchronization to the end of the sweep is not possible Example INIT Initiates a new measurement Usage Event INITiate REFResh This command updates the current UO measurement results to reflect the current mea surement settings No new I Q data is captured Thus measurement settings apply to the UO data currently in the capture buffer The command applies exclusively to I Q measurements It requires UO data Example INIT REFR The application updates the IQ results Usage Event SENSe LTE 0OPower ATIMing This command adju
111. ings are part of the General tab of the General Settings dialog box Defining a Reference Level 52 Elei e ET E 53 Defining a Reference Level The reference level is the power level the R amp S FSQ expects at the RF input Keep in mind that the power level at the RF input is the peak envelope power in case of signals with a high crest factor like LTE R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN General Settings To get the best dynamic range you have to set the reference level as low as possible At the same time make sure that the maximum signal level does not exceed the reference level If it does it will overload the A D converter regardless of the signal power Mea surement results may deteriorate e g EVM This applies especially for measurements with more than one active channel near the one you are trying to measure 6 MHz Note that the signal level at the A D converter may be stronger than the level the appli cation displays depending on the current resolution bandwidth This is because the res olution bandwidths are implemented digitally after the A D converter You can either specify the RF Reference Level in dBm or Baseband Reference Level in V depending on the input source You can also use automatic detection of the reference level with the Auto Level func tion If active the application measures and sets the reference level to its ideal value before each s
112. is command queries the EVM of all physical signal resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PSIG Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage This command queries the frequency error Return values lt FreqError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average frequency error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit Hz Example FETC SUMM FERR Returns the average frequency error in Hz Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage This command queries the UO gain imbalance Return values lt Gainlmbalance gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average UO imbalance depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM GIMB Returns the current gain imbalance in dB Usage Query only SSS SS SSSI User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 99 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage This command queries the UO offset Return values lt
113. its For symbols or bits that could not be decoded because the number of layer exceeds the number of receive antennas the command returns e FE if the bit stream format is Symbols e 8 if the bit stream format is Bits Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 104 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands aaa A ead Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example Bit Stream Sub Allocati Code S 1 if E geg Modulation ymho ID word Index Bit Stream PBCH 1 1 0 3 00 01 02 2 01 00 03 OO 02 02 PBCH 1 1 6 02 03 02 03 03 03 OO 02 3 2 3 01 O1 1 1 32 3 3 03 03 01 03 3 3 00 03 02 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 12 0 2 0 O01 01 00 02 03 00 01 02 01 02 01 lt continues like this until the next data block starts or the end of data is reached gt 0 12 0 2 32 03 02 03 03 03 03 01 03 00 03 9 6 1 4 Capture Buffer For the Capture Buffer result display the command returns one value for each UO sample in the capture buffer lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 5 CCDF For the CCDF result display the type of return values depends on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the probability values y axis lt of values gt lt probability gt The unit is always The first value that is returned is the number of the following values e TRACE2 Retur
114. k SEM and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurements are the only frequency sweep measurements available for the LTE mea surement application They do not use the I Q data all other measurements use Instead those measurements sweep the frequency spectrum every time you run a new mea surement Therefore it is not possible to to run an UO measurement and then view the results in the frequency sweep measurements and vice versa Also because each of the frequency sweep measurements uses different settings to obtain signal data it is not possible to run a frequency sweep measurement and view the results in another fre quency sweep measurement Frequency sweep measurements are available if RF input is selected 5 4 1 1 Available Measurements Spectrum Mask Starts the Spectrum Emission Mask SEM result display The Spectrum Emission Mask measurement shows the quality of the measured signal by comparing the power values in the frequency range near the carrier against a spectral mask thatis defined by the 3GPP specifications In this way you can test the performance of the DUT and identify the emissions and their distance to the limit In the diagram the SEM is represented by a red line If any measured power levels are above that limit line the test fails If all power levels are inside the specified limits the test is passed The R amp S FSQ puts a label to the limit line to indicate whether the limit check passed or failed The x a
115. ker mz FUNGCHonb Wer RE Gu CURentl 114 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt TRACe ceccceeeececeeeeeneeceeceeeeeaeeseaeeseeeseaeeseaeesaeessaeeseaeessaeeeaeeseaeessaeeeeeseaees 142 CAL Culate lt n gt MARKGIrsm gt X vcsccsccecciecsectacvecretteeanseecuberscene sates ssaseseasaauepardenbeceeaba dense dendusstedvecrodbashesteeanersetecs 142 CAtC latesn gt MARKES MZ N oriasi iiie na ne aE e Aa n Eaa aE aa AAEN ENa EAEAN ATENE 143 CAL Culate nzM AbkercmztSTATel 142 CONFioure POWer E vbeched IO analvzerz nenn 118 CONFigure POWer EXPected RF onalhyzerz 118 El Tt Mel 145 CONFigure LINE DLE BW eis ciseeitsccceveesens ar enea nection neti aati ascii need ate kevin mented ege 116 CONFigure LTE DL GONS LO Caton EE 140 CONFigure LTE DL CSUBframes CONFigure LTE DL CY CPrefxs ttcsecntee ci aety ited apine eit anti nha beer aed CONFigure LTE DL MIMO ASELE CHION c ccccssccrsecessneasensnesesonstnenousensenseenesucensensenteneesnesteatsnteunsssenneasasads 123 CONFigure ETE DE MIMO CONFIG iscsi si cies Acinic ciel EENS 123 CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CROSstalk 0 eee cee eeee cece eeeseeseeeeeeaeesaeseeesceeseaeeseaeeseaeeseeseeesseeseneessaees 131 CONFig re LTE DL NORB erte ege daien aa p a r eege ege 116 CONFiourelL TED PRBCH POWer AE 137 CONFigure LME DLIPBCHISTA Tansinincsni ineeie ieira reap eariveeeli avian earner 137 CONFigure LTE DE PCFICHIPOW Chis aieeao sriain ia EEr KE bess tbisbsaub na ceneenels 137 CON
116. lQOffset gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average IO offset depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM IQOF Returns the current IQ offset in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary OSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary OSTP MINimum FETCh SUMMary OSTP AVERage This command queries the OSTP Return values lt OSTP gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average OSTP depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM OSTP Returns the current average OSTP value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXimum FETCh SUMMary POWer MINimum FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage This command queries the total power Return values lt Power gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average power depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM POW Returns the total power in dBm Usage Query only LSS MN User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 100 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage This command queries the quadrature error Return values lt QuadError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average quadrature error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit deg Example FETC SUMM QUAD
117. llowing information e Freq The analyzer RF frequency e Mode Link direction duplexing cyclic prefix and maximum number of physical resource blocks PRBs signal bandwidth e Meas Setup Shows number of transmitting and receiving antennas e Sync State The following synchronization states may occur OK The synchronization was successful FAIL C The cyclic prefix correlation failed FAIL P The P SYNC correlation failed FAIL S The S SYNC correlation failed Any combination of C P and S may occur SCPI Command SENSe SYNC STATe on page 95 e Ext Att Shows the external attenuation in dB e Capture Time Shows the capture length in ms 3 3 Support If you encounter any problems when using the application you can contact the Rohde amp Schwarz support to get help for the problem To make the solution easier use the R amp S Support softkey to export useful information for troubleshooting The R amp S FSQ stores the information in a number of files that are located in the R amp S FSQ directory C R_S Instr user LTE Support If you contact Rohde amp Schwarz to get help on a certain problem send these files to the support in order to identify and solve the problem faster User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 20 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics Symbols and Variables 4 Measurement Basics This chapter provides background information on the measurements and result displa
118. lt display SPEC PVRR power vs RB RS result display SPEC FLAT spectrum flatness result display SPEC GDEL group delay result display SPEC FDIF flatness difference result display CONS CONS constellation diagram STAT BSTR bitstream STAT ASUM allocation summary STAT CCDF CCDF Example CALC2 FEED PVT CBUF Select Capture Buffer to be displayed on screen B DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe lt State gt This command turns the result summary on and off EES User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 91 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN 9 3 2 Selecting and Configuring Measurements Parameters lt State gt ON Turns the result summary on and removes all graphical results from the screen OFF Turns the result summary off and restores the graphical results that were previously set Example DISP TABL OFF Turns the result summary off Configuring Frequency Sweep Measurements ACLR and SEM measurements feature some settings particular to those measurements ISGENZGel POWer ACHannel AACHannel cee ee cae ae eee eeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeseesaeaeaeaaeeeeteeeees 92 SENSE POWSENCORMCCHGMN ET 92 SENSE EPOW er SEM CATEGO E 93 SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO 93 SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel lt Channel gt This command selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for ACLR measurements Parameters lt Channel gt EUTRA Selects an EUTRA signal of the same bandwidth like th
119. lt n gt Selects a measurement window lt subframe gt Selects a subframe lt t gt Selects a trace Irrelevant for the LTE application 9 2 Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instrument or software They operate its functions setting Commande or events and request infor mation query commands Some commands can only be used in one way others work in two ways setting and query If not indicated otherwise the commands can be used for settings and queries LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 86 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands BREET Introduction The syntax of a SCPI command consists of a header and in most cases one or more parameters To use a command as a query you have to append a question mark after the last header element even if the command contains a parameter A header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parameters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another Only the most important characteristics that you need to know when working with SCPI commands are described here For a more complete description refer to the User Manual of the R amp S FSQ Remote command examples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this general introduction may not be supp
120. m result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt power gt The unit is always dBm Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Power vs RB RS For the Power vs RB RS the command returns one value for each resource block of the reference signal that has been analyzed lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing Power vs RB PDSCH For the Power vs RB PDSCH the command returns one value for each resource block of the PDSCH that has been analyzed lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing E M User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 109 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 18 Spectrum Emission Mask For the SEM measurement
121. meters lt Unit gt DB EVM results returned in dB PCT EVM results returned in RST PCT Example UNIT EVM PCT EVM results to be returned in User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 141 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Analyzing Measurement Results 9 8 2 Using Markers CAL Culate nz M AbkercmzACOEtE 142 CAL Culate nzM AbkercmtSTAaTel nenn 142 CAL Culate lt n gt MARK eri TRASH cadesaueesteedeasddarsaaddancesaaiedcectuats 142 CALCUlatEe Kee ege EES eege 142 GAL Culatesn MARKES m gt V Pioio aiaa aE cade AA E AAAA NRE Eaa 143 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt AOFF This command turns all markers and delta markers off Suffix lt m gt 1 Example CALC MARK AOFF Switches off all markers Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt STATe lt State gt This command turns markers on and off Suffix lt m gt 1 Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CALC MARK3 ON Switches on marker 3 or switches to marker mode CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt TRACe lt Trace gt This command selects the trace the marker is positioned on Note that the corresponding trace must have a trace mode other than Blank If necessary the command activates the marker first Suffix lt m gt 1 Parameters lt Trace gt 1to6 Trace number the marker is assigned to CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt X lt Position gt This command moves a marker to a particular coordinate on
122. mmand sets the number of antennas in the MIMO setup Parameters lt NofAntennas gt TX1 Use one Tx antenna TX2 Use two Tx antennas TX4 Use four Tx antennas RST TX1 E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 123 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure the Application Example CONF DL MIMO CONF TX2 TX configuration with two antennas is selected 9 7 3 Advanced General Settings 9 7 3 1 Controlling UO Data SENS SWAP Gs E 124 SENSe SWAPigq lt State gt This command turns a swap of the and Q branches on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example SWAP ON Turns a swap of the and Q branches on 9 7 3 2 Controlling the Input For information on the remote commands for reference level and attenuation settings see chapter 9 7 1 2 Configuring the Input Level on page 117 INPURS BUC Ct rrna a A AE 124 INP Utne RETO VIGATO EE 125 INPutsn Fil Ter de Rn KEE 125 TRACEIO RENE 125 INPut SELect lt Source gt This command selects the signal source Parameters lt Source gt RF Selects the RF input as the signal source AIQ Selects the analog baseband input as the data source This source is available only with option R amp S FSQ B71 DIQ Selects the digital baseband input as the data source This source is available only with option R amp S FSQ B17 Example INP DIQ Selects the digital baseband input LSS SSSR SS User Manual 1173 0620 4
123. mn and the Error in Subframes field e Offset RB Sets the resource block at which the allocation begins A wrong offset for any allocation would lead to an overlap of allocations In that case the application will show an error message e Power dB Sets the boosting of the allocation Boosting is the allocation s power relative to the reference signal power e Conflict In case of a conflict the application shows the type of conflict and the ID of the allo cations that are affected Possible conflicts are bandwidth error gt BW A bandwidth error occurs when the number of resource blocks in the subframe exceeds the bandwidth you have set EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 71 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement Deeg 6 8 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Number of Alpcations 6 Sudtrane Gandwktn 3 Mrz or 15 Resource Blocks RB overlap errors An RB overlap error occurs if one or more allocations overlap In that case check if the length and offset values of the allocations are correct Number of Albcations 6 Sudtrame Gandwith 3 Mizor 15 Resource Socks SCPI command Configurable Subframes CONFigure LTE DL CSUBframes on page 133 Used Allocations CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALCount on page 134 Modulation CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt CW lt Cwnum gt MODulation on
124. n page 121 Number of Frames to Analyze Sets the number of frames that you want to capture and analyze If the number of frames you have set last longer than a single sweep the R amp S FSQ continues the measurement until all frames have been captured The parameter is read only if e the overall frame count is inactive e the data is captured according to the standard SCPI command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt on page 120 Auto According to Standard Turns automatic selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If active the R amp S FSQ evaluates the number of frames as defined for EVM tests in the LTE standard If inactive you can set the number of frames you want to analyze This parameter is not available if the overall frame count is inactive SCPI command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO on page 120 6 2 4 Configuring On Off Power Measurements The On Off power measurement settings define characteristics of On Off power meas urements The On Off measurement settings are part of the General tab of the General Set tings dialog box San Mimo Advanced Trigger Spectrum ON OFF Measurement Settings Num Frames to Analyze 25 Number of Fames Ae Eder decedent ies 56 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 55 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN General Settings Number of Frames Defines the number of frames that are av
125. naae SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELCCH 3 sticcscesccscevectesscesscscaiegsavsevuenteeveduedbivsatendecdnecheseucausbe caasctecasaredtecnsstactnevsdaeds LEE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 150 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Index A K ee EE Key Allocation summary e MKR E ER Auto Detection Cell Identity 0 0 00 eeeeeeeeee 69 Auto PDSCH Demodulation ccccceseccesecesteeeteeeeeneeees 65 L B e UE 62 Balanced INpUt anniina 62 M Bit stream D Boosting estimation c c ceccescsseesessesseessesessesteseseeeeeees 66 Marker ZOOM scscssesesssteseeseeiseeseeneeestseieesestsesieeeeees 83 Measurement Cc ei 41 allocation summary 47 Capture buffer a 33 bit stream 48 Capture Time 54 capture buffer tes sin OO VE BIS 46 EE eieiei 46 Cell ID rri pi 69 channel flatness we 44 Cell Identity Group 69 channel flatness difference we 45 Channel Bandwidth 51 channel flatness grdel wi 44 Channel Estimation gei 64 constellation we 45 Channel flatness cccceeceeseeeeeeees 44 EVM vs carrier aa 35 Channel flatness difference 45 EVM vs subframe a 38 Channel flatness group delay Ko 44 EVM vs symbol geg we 36 Configurable Subframes 70 freq err vs symbol we OT Configuration Table 70 numerical ai 30 Constellation diagram 45 on off pow
126. nal bandwidth of 1 4 MHz in downlink CONFigure LTE DL CYCPrefix lt PrefixLength gt This command selects the cyclic prefix for downlink signals Parameters lt PrefixLength gt NORM Normal cyclic prefix length EXT Extended cyclic prefix length AUTO Automatic cyclic prefix length detection RST AUTO Example CONF DL CYCP EXT Sets cyclic prefix type to extended CONFigure LTE DL NORB lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks for downlink signals Parameters lt ResourceBlocks gt lt numeric value gt RST 50 Example CONF DL NORB 25 Sets the number of resource blocks to 25 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 116 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 7 1 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Application CONFigure LTE DUPLexing lt Duplexing gt This command selects the duplexing mode Parameters lt Duplexing gt TDD Time division duplex FDD Frequency division duplex RST FDD Example CONF DUPL TDD Activates time division duplex CONFigure LTE LDIRection lt Direction gt This command selects the link direction Parameters lt Direction gt DL Downlink UL Uplink Example CONF LDIR DL EUTRA LTE option is configured to analyze downlink signals SENSe FREQuency CENTer lt Frequency gt This command sets the center frequency for RF measurements Parameters lt Frequency gt lt numeric value gt Range fmin t
127. nate channel 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed CALC LIM ACP ALT RES ALL Queries the results of the alternate channel limit check Query only User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 113 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Read Trace Data CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 0OPower OFFPower This command queries the results of the limit check in the Off periods of On Off Power measurements Return values lt OOPResults gt Returns one value for every Off period 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM 00P O0FFP Queries the results for the limit check during the signal Off periods Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 00OPower TRANsient This command queries the results of the limit check during the transient periods of the On Off power measurement Query parameters lt Result gt ALL Queries the overall limit check results FALLing Queries the limit check results of falling transients RISing Queries the limit check results of rising transients Return values lt OOPResults gt Returns one value for every Off period 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM OOP TRAN RIS Queries the limit check of rising transients Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent This command queries the current results of the
128. ne the distance of 10 dB between two grid lines on the y axis DISP TRAC Y SCAL FIXS PERD 10 SSE N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 143 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Analyzing Measurement Results DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCAL AUTO EE 144 DiSblavlfWiNDowl TRACev GCAletx caleOttGet 144 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDIV cceeceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeneees 144 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe AUTO This command automatically adjusts the scale of the y axis to the current measurement results Note that the command only affects the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Example DISP TRAC Y SCAL AUTO Scales the y axis of the selected result display Usage Event DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale O0FFSet lt Origin gt This command defines the point of origin of the y axis and thus has an effect on the scale of the y axis Note that the command only affects the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Parameters lt Origin gt Point of origin of the y axis The unit depends on the result display you want to scale Example See chapter 9 8 Analyzing Measurement Results on page 140 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDiv lt Distance gt This command defines the distance between two grid lines on the y axis and thus has an effect on the scale of the y axis Note that the command only affects
129. ning Advanced Signal Characteristics 6 8 3 Configuring the Synchronization Signal The synchronization signal settings contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of the synchronization signal The synchronization signal settings are part of the Downlink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box DL Demod DL Frame Config Synchronisation Signal P S SYNC Tx Antenna All P SYNC Rel Power pop S SYNC Rel Power pop P S SYNG TX ET EE 74 P SVNG Relative POWE EE 74 S SYNC Relative Power P S SYNC Tx Antenna Selects the antenna that transmits the P SYNC and the S SYNC When selecting the antenna you implicitly select the synchronization method If the selected antenna transmits no synchronization signal the application uses the reference signal to synchronize Note that automatic cell ID detection is not available if synchroni zation is based on the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL SYNC ANTenna on page 136 P SYNC Relative Power Defines the power of the P SYNC signals relative to the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL SYNC PPOWer on page 136 S SYNC Relative Power Defines the power of the S SYNC signals relative to the reference signal SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL SYNC SPOWer on page 136 6 8 4 Configuring the Control Channels The control channel settings contain setting that describe the physical attributes and structure of t
130. nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnn 67 Gontiguring TDD Ke EE 67 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Jdenmttv cee eeceeeeeeeeecneeeeeeenteeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeaas 69 Configuring POSCH Gubtrames A 70 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics cccccccceseeneeeeesseeeeseeseeeeeeeseeeneeeeeenens 72 Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset 73 Configuring the Reference Gigonal 73 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 4 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Contents 6 8 3 6 8 4 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 8 1 8 2 9 1 9 2 9 2 1 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 2 4 9 2 5 9 3 9 3 1 9 3 2 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 6 1 9 6 2 9 7 9 7 1 9 7 2 9 7 3 Configuring the Synchronization Sons 74 Configuring the Control Channels 0 cccccceccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenieeeeeeeeenaeeeeeeeeeiaeeeeeeeeeaas 74 Analyzing Measurement Results EEN 78 Selecting a Particular Signal ASPeCt 0 ccceccceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeeaes 78 Defining Measurement Uniits cccccccseeeneeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeneseeeseeeeseeaeseeessnenens 79 Defining Various Measurement Parameters ccccccccsseeereeeseseeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeenens 79 Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagraim ceesccseeeeeneeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 80 Sealing the YAKS aeciaii aaan EENAA ANR KE AEAEE AENEA AEAN 81 USING the Markets seess dE 82 File EN EE een ee nee en Se no ery nein eel Pn err Prein er ere 84 File Majai siiani AASR AAEE
131. nothing Channel Group Delay For the Channel Group Delay result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt group delay gt The unit is always ns The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the group delay Constellation Diagram For the Constellation Diagram the command returns two values for each constellation point EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 106 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands eee SSS SSS SS SSS ad Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt I SFO Symb0 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Symb0 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO SymbO Carrier n gt lt Q SFO Symb0 Carrier n gt lt I SFO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Symb1 Carrier n gt lt Q SFO Symb1 Carrier n gt lt I SFO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Symb n Carrier n gt lt Q SF0 Symb n Carrier n gt lt I SF1 Symb0 Carrier1 gt lt Q SF1 Symb0 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Symb0 Carrier n gt lt Q SF1 Symb0 Carrier n gt lt I SF1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SF1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Symb1 Carrier n gt lt Q SF1 Symb1 Carrier n gt lt I SF n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt Q SF n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt I SF n Symb n Carrier n gt lt Q SF n Symb n Carrier n gt
132. ns the corresponding power levels x axis lt of values gt lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The first value that is returned is the number of the following values 9 6 1 6 Channel Flatness For the Channel Flatness result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The following parameters are supported EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 105 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 6 1 7 9 6 1 8 9 6 1 9 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing Channel Flatness Difference For the Channel Flatness Difference result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns
133. nual 1173 0620 42 06 13 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introduction 2 2 3 2 2 4 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme of Toni us contains sno 3 symbols subcarrier spacing 7 5 kHz table 2 1 gives an overview of the different parameters for the generic frame structure Table 2 1 Parameters for Downlink Generic Frame Structure Configuration Number of Symbols Cyclic Prefix Cyclic Prefix ech Length in Samples Length in us Normal cyclic prefix Af 15 kHz 7 160 for first symbol 5 2 us for first sym 144 for other sym bol bols 4 7 us for other sym bols D 512 Extended cyclic prefix Af 15 kHz 16 7 us Ri Extended cyclic prefix Af 7 5 kHz 1024 33 3 us Downlink Data Transmission Data is allocated to the UEs in terms of resource blocks A physical resource block con sists of 12 24 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain for the Af 15 kHz Af 7 5 kHz case In the time domain a physical resource block consists of DL Nsymb consecutive OFDM symbols see figure 2 5 sms is equal to the number of OFDM symbols in a slot The resource block size is the same for all bandwidths therefore the number of available physical resource blocks depends on the bandwidth Depending on the required data rate each UE can be assigned one or more resource blocks in each transmission time interval of 1 ms The scheduling decision is done in the base station eNodeB The user data
134. number of OFDM symbols actually used by the PDCCH is 2 Special control channels like the PCFICH or PHICH require a minimum number of control channel OFDM symbols at the beginning of each subframe If PRB Symbol Offset is lower than the required value the control channel data overwrites some resource elements of the PDSCH If Auto is selected the Control Region for PDCCH PRB Symbol Offset value is detected from the PCFICH For correct Demodulation of a 3GPP conform PCFICH signal the Scrambling of Coded Bits has to be enabled SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PSOFfset on page 135 6 8 2 Configuring the Reference Signal The reference signal settings contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of the reference signal The reference signal settings are part of the Downlink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box DL Demod DL Frame Config Reference Signal Rel Power 0 dB Rel Power Reference Signal 000 seed bebe eased lide EUNA RENNA KASS Sege 73 Rel Power Reference Signal Defines the relative power of the reference signal compared to all the other physical signals and physical channels Note that this setting gives you an offset to all other relative power settings SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL REFSig POWer on page 136 E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 73 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b ee Se eS Defi
135. o fmax RST 1 GHz Default unit Hz Example FREQ CENT 2GHZ Set the center frequency to 2 GHz Configuring the Input Level CONFloure POWerENbeched lO analvzerz rentre tetorororerornrnnnnn renn eene 118 Elei Lee re eg ER EI 118 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet eccceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeees 118 INPut lt n AT Tenuation lt analyZer gt nia eiia aaa aE a aa E NEEN 118 le E N E 119 EIER CN E RTE 119 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 117 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands a a M Remote Commands to Configure the Application INEU EEATT AUT e E 119 SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt STAT e eeeeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaeaeeaaaeaaaaaaneneneees 119 SENSe POWer AUT O lt analyzere TIME o 2 c ccccec ccc eda cnccceeeuesseeseesguane cares sdaanzentenaeceeseeees 120 CONFigure POWer EXPected IlQ lt analyzer gt lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is baseband Parameters lt RefLevel gt lt numeric value gt Range 31 6 mV to 5 62 V RST 1V Default unit V Example CONF POW EXP IQ2 3 61 Sets the baseband reference level used by analyzer 2 to 3 61 V CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt analyzer gt lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is RF Parameters lt RefLevel gt RST 30 dBm Default unit DBM Example CONF POW EXP RF3 20 Sets the radio frequency
136. ocks you have set On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm CS RS SS DEG Det SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC PVRR TRACe DATA Channel Flatness Starts the Channel Flatness result display This result display shows the relative power offset caused by the transmit channel The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the channel flatness is plotted in dB B Channel Flatness dB 1 54 MHzidiv SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC FLAT TRACe DATA Channel Group Delay Starts the Channel Group Delay result display This result display shows the group delay of each subcarrier The currently selected subframe depends on your selection User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 44 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Symbol Constellation The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the group delay is plotted in ns B Group Delay ns 1 54 MHzidiv SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC GDEL TRACe DATA Channel Flatness Difference Starts the Channel Flatness Difference result display This result display shows the level difference in the spectrum flatness result between two adjacent physical subcarriers The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power is plotted in dB 7 68 MHz 1 54 MHzidiv
137. of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 following digits indicate the length to be 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the transmission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite format requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 90 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Selecting and Configuring Measurements 9 3 Selecting and Configuring Measurements 9 3 1 Selecting Measurements CALCulate lt ne EE 91 ei el ele ER 91 CALCulate lt n gt FEED lt DispType gt This command selects the measurement and result display Parameters lt DispType gt String containing the short form of the result display EVM EVCA EVM vs carrier result display EVM EVRP EVM vs RB EVM EVSY EVM vs symbol result display EVM FEVS frequency error vs symbol result display EVM EVSU EVM vs subframe result display PVT CBUF capture buffer result display PVT OOP on off power result display SPEC SEM spectrum emission mask SPEC ACP ACLR SPEC PSPE power spectrum result display SPEC PVRP power vs RB PDSCH resu
138. on and one for configuring the control channels and miscellaneous settings By default the DL Demod tab is the active one You can switch between the tabs with the cursor keys Penorming Measurement srian a aaa iiaa 49 6 Goma S e E 50 Configuring MIMO Setups 2 c 22 ccccckcecceesescecceeesanaeacdeeeuaneaceceecaatceceesdaneeeseeeaae 57 e Configuring Spectrum Measurement AAA 57 Advanced General SSwNGS ished ees eecesececke bei elosses ane decd dae aeeederaceaesaueeeetctanetay 59 e Configuring Downlink Signal DeMOdulation eee eeecneeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeteaeeeeeeeee 63 Contiguring Downlink EE 67 e Defining Advanced Signal Characheristtce cc cccececcccieeeeeeeeeeccieeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeee 72 6 1 Performing Measurements The sweep menu contains functions that control the way the R amp S FSQ performs a mea surement Single Sweep and Continuous Sweep In continuous sweep mode the R amp S FSQ continuously captures data performs meas urements and updates the result display according to the trigger settings To activate single sweep mode press the Run Single softkey In single sweep mode the R amp S FSQ captures data performs the measurement and updates the result display exactly once after the trigger event After this process the R amp S FSQ interrupts the mea surement E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 49 General Settings You can always switch back to continuous sweep mode with the Run Cont
139. orted by this particular application 9 2 1 Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other abbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letters Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT 9 2 2 Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be applied to multiple instan ces of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a measurement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets lt n gt next to the keyword If you don t quote a suffix for keywords that support one a 1 is assumed Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON refers to window 4 LSS SSS ez User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 87 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands EENS Introduction 9 2 3 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compliance You can include them in the header or not Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you need to use the suffix you have to include th
140. over between EUTRAN and UTRAN GERAN shall be less than 300 ms for realtime services and less than 500 ms for non realtime services e Multimedia broadcast multicast services MBMS MBMS shall be further enhanced and is then referred to as E MBMS e Costs Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul shall be achieved Costef fective migration from Release 6 UTRA radio interface and architecture shall be pos sible Reasonable system and terminal complexity cost and power consumption shall be ensured All the interfaces specified shall be open for multivendor equipment interoperability e Mobility The system should be optimized for low mobile speed 0 to 15 km h but higher mobile speeds shall be supported as well including high speed train environ ment as a special case e Spectrum allocation Operation in paired frequency division duplex FDD mode and unpaired spectrum time division duplex TDD mode is possible e Co existence Co existence in the same geographical area and co location with GERAN UTRAN shall be ensured Also co existence between operators in adjacent bands as well as cross border co existence is a requirement e Quality of Service End to end quality of service QoS shall be supported VoIP should be supported with at least as good radio and backhaul efficiency and latency as voice traffic over the UMTS circuit switched networks e Network synchronization Time synchronization of different network sites shall not
141. page 134 Number of RB CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBCount on page 135 Offset RB CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBOFfset on page 135 Power CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt POWer on page 134 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The downlink advanced signal characteristics contain settings that describe the detailed structure of a downlink LTE signal You can find the advanced signal characteristics in the Demod Settings dialog box User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 72 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b SS ee ee Se eS Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 6 8 1 Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset The PDSCH Resource Block PRB symbol offset is part of the global settings in the Downlink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box DL Demod DL Frame Config RC E Tei Global Settings PRB Symbol Offset Auto PCFICH FRE Symbol E 73 PRB Symbol Offset PRB Symbol Offset specifies the symbol offset of the PDSCH allocations relative to the subframe start This setting applies to all subframes in a frame With this settings the number of OFDM symbols used for control channels is defined too For example if this parameter is set to 2 and the PDCCH is enabled the
142. plete stream e Bit Stream The actual bit stream SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT BSTR TRACe DATA SSE SSS qe User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 48 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b ee Performing Measurements 6 Configuring and Performing the Measure ment Before you can start a measurement you have to configure the R amp S FSQ in order to get valid measurement results This chapter contains detailed information on all settings available in the application You can access the two main settings dialog boxes via the Settings Gen Demod soft key Pressing the softkey once opens the General Settings dialog box The Gen label in the softkey turns green to indicate an active General Settings dialog box Pressing the softkey again opens the Demod Settings dialog box When the Demod Settings dialog box is active the Demod label in the softkey turns green In the General Settings dialog box you can set all parameters that are related to the overall measurement The dialog box is made up of three tabs one for general settings one for MIMO settings and one for advanced settings By default the General tab is the active one In the Demod Settings dialog box you can set up the measurement in detail e g the demodulation configuration The dialog box is made up of three tabs one for configuring the signal configuration one for setting up the frame configurati
143. reference level used by analyzer 3 to 20 dBm DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet lt Attenuation gt This command selects the external attenuation or gain applied to the RF signal Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit dB Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV OFFS 10 Sets an external attenuation of 10 dB INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt analyzer gt lt Attenuation gt This command sets the RF attenuation level Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 5 dB Default unit dB Example INP ATT 10 Defines an RF attenuation of 10 dB EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 118 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands a ee ee Remote Commands to Configure the Application INPut lt n gt EATT lt Attenuation gt This command defines the electronic attenuation level If the current reference level is not compatible with an attenuation that has been set manually the command also adjusts the reference level This command is available with option R amp S FSQ B25 but not if R amp S FSQ B17 is active Parameters lt Attenuation gt Attenuation level in dB Default unit dB Example INP EATT 10 Defines an attenuation level of 10 dB INPut lt n gt EATT STATe lt State gt This command turns the electronic attenuator on and off This command is available with option R amp S FSQ B25 but not if R amp S FSQ B17 is active Parameters
144. rersnenees 69 Channel Bandwidth SS a Channel Estimation c ccccceceeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees Configurable Subframes 0 eee eeeeeeeeeeees 70 Configuration Table a Digital Input Data Rate 0 neern 63 Ile ee eebe dees Error in Subframe 22 EVM Calculation Method n se enesenn 64 EX AU ee ARN EA Frequency Ge Full Scale Level ccccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeteeeneeaeee 63 Righ DY Au 61 Identity ver Se 2 Ree multicarrier filter Number of RB 2 PB GA E Le ail EE PDSCH reference data D PDSCH subframe detection eee eeeeeeeeee 65 Phase PHICH ote 2 PRB symbol Offset sienai hinini ennea 73 P SYNC relative power s sssseseseeeeereerrrerierrrrrrererree 74 Ref Level relativ e 73 Scrambling of coded bits 00 ee neeese 64 Selected Subframe 8 leie S SYNC relative power oo eee eee eeee eee eeeeees 74 Standard m SWAP IQ EE 59 TDD UL DL Allocations 0 eee ereere 68 le Une BEE 67 Trigger level Trigger mode Trigger offset Ze S Used Allocations nresnani EE E 70 Kos Kee 60 Softkey Const Selection innsent Eia 80 Marker EE 82 Source Input a 60 ee drive 39 Standard Selection s2 cccsiccsescovevessecuedericeens he SEENEN 50 Status Bar we 19 Subframe Configuration Table ccceeceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeees 70 SUBMaMe e EE 70 Suffixes Remote COMMAMNAS ccccccccceeeeeeececeeeeeeesaeeaeeeees 87 Swap Q EE 59 T
145. ressing the Run Single hotkey starts the averaging of the traces of the number of frames given in the General Settings dialog After performing all sweeps the table in the upper half of the screen shows if the measurements pass or fail R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results 5 Measurements and Result Displays 5 1 The LTE measurement application features several measurements to examine and ana lyze different aspects of an LTE signal The source of the data that is processed is either a live signal or a previously recorded signal whose characteristics have been saved to a file For more information see Select ing the Input Source on page 60 Normen Feeulleedetesdetgueg d et maena aade aaa i aA E 30 Measuring the Power Over Tree 22cek NEESS EEEEEEEEN EE EE Ee 33 e Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVNM AA 35 e Measuring the Gpechum nanatin n nnnatetn nanne tran nnnan tananan nenne 38 e Measuring the Symbol Constellation cc cccceceseeeeeeeeeneeeedeeenteeedenenneeeeeeeeneees 45 Measuring KEE EE 46 Numerical Results Result SUMMA 2505 5 taccccncsteaceceendasedecesstacsseessidataseceneedetdoes dadaavicscandeaudeasteetedeeaaviendeeres 30 Result Summary The Result Summary shows all relevant measurement results in numerical form com bined in one table gt Press the Display List Graph softkey so that the List element turns green to view th
146. rier e Location Selects whether the R amp S FSQ generates the constellation diagram before or after the MIMO decoder If you use Spatial Multiplexing symbols of different encoding schemes are merged in the MIMO encoder Thus you get a mix of different modulation alphabets Filter these symbols in the field Modulation with the value MIXTURE You get the mixed symbols only if Location is set to Before MIMO decoder If the location is After MIMO Decoder filters Symbol and Carrier are not availa ble SCPI command Location CONFigure LTE DL CONS LOCation on page 140 Scaling the Y Axis In the Y Axis tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can set various param eters that affect some result displays Selection Units Misc FS 163 dBm Y Axis Scale The y axis scaling determines the vertical resolution of the measurement results The scaling you select always applies to the currently active screen and the corresponding result display Usually the best way to view the results is if they fit ideally in the diagram area in order to view the complete trace This is the way the application scales the y axis if you have turned on automatic scaling R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Analyzing Measurement Results 7 6 Using the Marker But it may become necessary to see a more detailed version of the results In that case turn on fixed scaling for the y axis Fixed scaling becomes available
147. rigger to frame value Usage Query only 9 6 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e Using the TRACe DATA Commande 102 e Remote Commands to Read Measurement Results 112 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command This chapter contains information on the TRACe DATA command and a detailed descrip tion of the characteristics of that command The TRACe DATA command queries the trace data or results of the currently active measurement or result display The type number and structure of the return values are specific for each result display In case of results that have any kind of unit the command returns the results in the unit you have currently set for that result display Note also that return values for results that are available for both downlink and uplink may be different For several result displays the command also supports various SCPI parameters in combination with the query If available each SCPI parameter returns a different aspect of the results If SCPI parameters are supported you have to quote one in the query Example TRAC DATA TRACE1 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 102 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The format of the return values is either in ASCII or binary characters and depends on the format you have set with FORMat DATA Following this detailed description you will find a short summary of the most important functions of the command TRA
148. s OObower Okt bBower 114 CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks OObowerTRANslent 114 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent eeeeeeteeeeeeeeeees 114 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the adjacent channels during ACLR measurements E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 112 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Query parameters lt Result gt Return values lt LimitCheck gt Example Usage Remote Commands to Read Trace Data ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower adja cent channel 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed CALC LIM ACP ACH RES ALL Queries the results of the adjacent channel limit check Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ALTernate RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the alternate channels during ACLR measurements Query parameters lt Result gt Return values lt LimitCheck gt Example Usage ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower alter
149. sts the timing for On Off Power measurements Example OOP ATIM Adjusts the On Off Power timing Usage Event SSS SS SSS SESE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 94 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands 9 5 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results SENSe SYNC STATe This command queries the current synchronization state Return values lt State gt The string contains the following information e lt OFDMSymbolTiming gt is the coarse symbol timing lt P SYNCSynchronization gt is the P SYNC synchronization state e lt S SYNCSynchronization gt is the S SYNC synchronization state A zero represents a failure and a one represents a successful synchronization Example SYNC STAT Would return e g 1 1 0 if coarse timing and P SYNC were suc cessful but S SYNC failed Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FE TCHS VCP iNet aiar E ee bake nee Sade aed EE ENEE ee 96 a Me el SI BC Qh EE 96 Le RE Ee e 97 al Neil Eeer E E RT 97 FETCHSUMMaryiEVMEALL MAXIMUM ERENNERT EEN EENS EUREN 97 FETCh SUMMaryiEVMEAEL ji Kilburg ee ceceececet ai ccten cents ecanenadete NENNEN 97 FETCHSUMMarnEVMEAEL AV BRAGG denke dE 97 FETCH SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXIMUM ENNER dnai aaia aE aia 97 FETOESUMMay EVM DSQP MINIMUM cioinn a aa a aaa Ea 97 FETCH SUMMary EVM DSQPLAVERaQE esiin runsainakin eaaa iaaa 97 FETCESUMMaM EVM DSST MAXIMUM ee EAR dee edd aidaa iiaa 98 FETCHSUMMary EVM DSS TN WOEN ncn accngiua aaa
150. subframe 2 EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 134 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands a ee Remote Commands to Configure the Application CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBCount lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks of an allocation in a downlink sub frame Parameters lt ResourceBlocks gt lt numeric value gt RST 6 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 RBC 25 Defines 25 resource block for allocation 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL 5SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the resource block offset of an allocation in a downlink subframe Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 RBOF 3 Defines a resource block offset of 3 for allocation 5 in subframe 2 9 7 6 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 9 7 6 1 Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset CONFiguire iL TE DL PSOFISGE NNN dvees NEEN EENS E 135 CONFigure LTE DL PSOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the symbol offset for PDSCH allocations relative to the start of the subframe The offset applies to all subframes Parameters lt Offset gt AUTO Automatically determines the symbol offset lt numeric value gt Manual selection of the symbol offset Range 0 to 4 RST AUTO Example CONF DL PSOF 2 Sets an offset of 2 symbols User Manual 1173 06
151. t Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SYNC SPOW 0 5 Sets a relative power of 0 5 dB Configuring the Control Channel CONFIGUTEEE TIE DLIPBCH Me EE 137 CONFIgure EL TEP DLEPBGHES KE WEE 137 CONFigureL TE DEPCFCN POWER Eege NEEN tater ban NNN 137 CONFIGure PETE DLIPC FIM STAT EE 138 CONFigure LTE DUIPDCCh FORMaL vi cisiesGedeeehitey SEENEN na eee 138 CONFIgurcie le DEsPB CCH AWOR D EE 138 CONFiguire iL TE DLIPDCCAiPOW6M 5 0 c2 ccketences cae ccensensnnedasaeennavaecceecteasedacecesnianedeces 138 CONFigure LTE DEIPHICh DURALON ege aair aaiae AEREE Aai 139 GONFIE DL TE E EIERE ees dese eege e dE dE ee 139 CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NGParametel cccccececeeee cece eee eneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeaaaanenenenes 139 CONFigure EE Reese AE 140 CONFigure el TEE DEPHICHK POWER ninco nn E aa Eaa AREEN 140 CONFigure LTE DL PBCH POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PBCH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PBCH POW 1 1 Sets the relative power to 1 1 dB CONFigure LTE DL PBCH STAT lt State gt This command turns the PBCH on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example CONF DL PBCH STAT ON Activates the PBCH CONFigure LTE DL PCFich POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PCFICH User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 137 R amp
152. t Source The input source selects the source of the data you d like to analyze You can either analyze a live signal or a signal that has been recorded previously and whose charac teristics have been saved to a file You can select the input source from the Source dropdown menu e RF Captures and analyzes the data from the RF input of the spectrum analyzer in use e Baseband BB Captures and analyzes the data from the baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use The analog baseband input is available with option R amp S FSQ B71 e Digital UO Captures and analyzes the data from the digital baseband input of the spectrum ana lyzer in use The digital baseband input is available with option R amp S FSQ B17 For more information on using hardware options R amp S FSQ B17 and B71 see the manual of the R amp S FSQ SCPI command INPut SELect on page 124 Yig Filter Configures the YIG filter If you want to measure broadband signals you can configure the YIG filter for a greater bandwidth The process of configuring the YIG filter consist of two steps R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Advanced General Settings e Selecting the mode You can select either manual or automatic control of the YIG filter e Selecting the state Turns the YIG filter on and off If inactive you can use the maximum bandwidth However image frequency rejection is no longer ensured If you ha
153. t display shows the power of the physical downlink shared channel per resource block By default three traces are shown One trace shows the average power The second and the third trace show the minimum and maximum powers respectively You can select to display the power for a specific subframe in the Subframe Selection dialog box In that case the application shows the powers of that subframe only The x axis represents the resource blocks The displayed number of resource blocks depends on the channel bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm B Power vs RB PDSCH dBm SCPI command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC PVRP TRACe DATA Power vs Resource Block RS Starts the Power vs Resource Block RS result display This result display shows the power of the reference signal per resource block E SSSR User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 43 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum By default three traces are shown One trace shows the average power The second and the third trace show the minimum and maximum powers respectively You can select to display the power for a specific subframe in the Subframe Selection dialog box In that case the application shows the power of that subframe only The x axis represents the resource blocks The displayed number of resource blocks depends on the channel bandwidth or number of resource bl
154. t functionality Loading a Frame Setup The frame setup or frame description describes the complete modulation structure of the signal such as bandwidth modulation etc The frame setup is stored as an XML file XML files are very commonly used to describe hierarchical structures in an easy to read format for both humans and PC A typical frame setup file would look like this lt FrameDefinition LinkDirection downlink TDDULDLAllocationConfiguration 0 RessourceBlocks 50 CP auto RefSigSubcarrierOffset Auto PSYNCBoostingdB 0 SSYNCBoostingdB 0 ReferenceSignalBoostingdB 0 PBCHSymbolOffset 7 PBCHLength 4 PCFICHIsPresent false PHICHNumGroups 0 PHICHDuration Normal PHICHBoostingdB 0 PDCCHIsPresent false PSSYNCRepetitionPeriod 10 DataSymbolOffsetSubFrame 2 MIMOConfiguration 1 Tx Antenna MIMOAntennaSelection Antenna 1 PhysLayCellIDGrp Auto PhysLayID Auto RefSignal3GPPVersion 2 N CG fastforward 0 gt lt Frame gt lt Subframe gt lt PRBs gt lt PRB Start 0 Length 6 Boosting 0 Modulation QPSK gt lt PRBs gt lt Subframe gt lt Frame gt lt stControl PhaseTracking 1 TimingTracking 0 ChannelEstimation 1 EVMCCalculationMethod 1 EnableScrambling 1 AutoDemodulation 1 gt lt FrameDefinition gt All settings that are available in the Demod Settings dialog box are also in the frame setup file You can enter additional allocations by adding additional PRB entries in the PRBs
155. the type of reference data to calculate the EVM for the PDSCH Parameters lt Reference gt AUTO Automatic identification of reference data ALLO Reference data is 0 according to the test model definition Example DL DEM PRD ALLO Sets the reference data of the PDSCH to 0 SENSe LTE DL FORMat PSCD lt Format gt This command selects the method of identifying the PDSCH resource allocation User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 129 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands ees ss a n 9 7 4 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Application Parameters lt Format gt OFF Applies the user configuration of the PDSCH subframe regardless of the signal characteristics PDCCH Identifies the configuration according to the data in the PDCCH DCls PHYDET Manual PDSCH configuration analysis only if the actual subframe configuration matches the configured one Automatic PDSCH configuration physical detection of the config uration RST PHYD Example DL FORM PSCD OFF Applies the user configuration and does not check the received signal Compensating Measurement Errors GENSSIUTEIDLTRACKng PH Age 130 SENSe LTE DL TRACKing TIME 0 c cscscsscssescssssesssscssvscsevsesesavssvavsessvesavsesevsnsevensesees 130 SENSe LTE DL TRACking PHASe lt Type gt This command selects the phase tracking type for downlink signals Parameters lt Type gt OFF Deactivate phase tracking PIL Pilot only PILP P
156. the x axis If necessary the command activates the marker E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 142 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands REESEN 9 8 3 Analyzing Measurement Results Suffix lt m gt 1 Parameters lt Position gt Numeric value that defines the marker position on the x axis Default unit The unit depends on the result display Example CALC MARK X 1GHZ Moves the marker to the frequency of 1 GHz CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt Y This command queries the position of a marker on the y axis If necessary the command activates the marker first To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchronization to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps Suffix lt m gt 1 Example INIT CONT OFF Switches to single measurement mode CALC MARK2 ON Switches marker 2 INIT WAI Starts a measurement and waits for the end CALC MARK2 Y Outputs the measured value of marker 2 Usage Query only Scaling the Vertical Diagram Axis Programming example to scale the y axis Start EVM vs Symbol result display in screen B CALC2 FEED EVM EVSY Refresh the measurement results based on the contents of the capture buffer INIT IMM Select screen B DISP WIND2 SEL Select dB as the EVM unit UNIT EVM DB Define the point of origin of 5 dB on the y axis DISP TRAC Y SCAL FIXS OFFS 5 Defi
157. timation and Equalizitaion As shown in figure 4 1 there is one coarse and one fine channel estimation block The reference signal based coarse estimation is tapped behind the CFO compensation block SFO compensation can optionally be enabled of the reference path The coarse esti mation block uses the reference signal symbols to determine estimates of the channel transfer function by interpolation in both time and frequency direction A special channel estimation f as defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 is additionally generated The coarse estimation results are used to equalize the samples of the reference path prior to symbol decision Based on the decided data symbols a fine channel estimation is optimally per formed and then used to equalize the partially compensated samples of the measurement path 4 3 3 Analysis The analysis block of the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement application allows to com pute a variety of measurement variables EVM The error vector magnitude EVM measurement results EVM PDSCH QPSK 16 QAM 64 QAM are calculated according to the specification in 3GPP TS 36 211 All other EVM measurement results are calculated according to 4 2 on subcarrier k at OFDM symbol where D is the boosting factor Since the average power of all possible constellations is 1 when no boosting is applied the equation can be rewritten as bi E oul EHM biz 4 3 The average EVM of all data subcarriers is then IESSE
158. ting Started This manual is delivered with the instrument in printed form and in PDF format on the CD It provides the information needed to set up and start working with the instrument Basic operations and handling are described Safety information is also included User Manuals User manuals are provided for the base unit and each additional software option The user manuals are available in PDF format in printable form on the Documentation CD ROM delivered with the instrument In the user manuals all instrument functions are described in detail Furthermore they provide a complete description of the remote con trol commands with programming examples The user manual for the base unit provides basic information on operating the R amp S FSQ in general and the Spectrum mode in particular Furthermore the software options that enhance the basic functionality for various measurement modes are described here An introduction to remote control is provided as well as information on maintenance instru ment interfaces and troubleshooting In the individual option manuals the specific instrument functions of the option are described in detail For additional information on default settings and parameters refer to the data sheets Basic information on operating the R amp S FSQ is not included in the option manuals Service Manual This manual is available in PDF format on the CD delivered with the instrument It describes how to check
159. tion Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution 2 Introduction 2 1 Currently UMTS networks worldwide are being upgraded to high speed downlink packet access HSDPA in order to increase data rate and capacity for downlink packet data In the next step high speed uplink packet access HSUPA will boost uplink performance in UMTS networks While HSDPA was introduced as a 3GPP Release 5 feature HSUPA is an important feature of 3GPP Release 6 The combination of HSDPA and HSUPA is often referred to as HSPA However even with the introduction of HSPA the evolution of UMTS has not reached its end HSPA will bring significant enhancements in 3GPP Release 7 The objective is to enhance the performance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency peak data rate and latency and to exploit the full potential of WCDMAbased 5 MHz operation Important features of HSPA are downlink multiple input multiple output MIMO higher order modulation for uplink and downlink improvements of layer 2 pro tocols and continuous packet connectivity In order to ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 years and beyond con cepts for UMTS long term evolution LTE have been investigated The objective is a high data rate low latency and packet optimized radio access technology Therefore a study item was launched in 3GPP Release 7 on evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access EUTRA and evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network
160. to the I channel FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage on page 99 UO Quadrature Error Shows the measure of the phase angle between Q channel and I channel deviating from the ideal 90 degrees FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage on page 101 RSTP Shows the reference signal transmit power as defined in 3GPP TS 36 141 It is an average power and accumulates the powers of the reference symbols within a subframe divided by the number of reference symbols within a subframe FETCh SUMMary RSTP AVERage on page 101 OSTP Shows the OFDM symbol transmit power as defined in 3GPP TS 36 141 It accumulates all subcarrier powers of the 4th OFDM symbol The 4th out of 14 OFDM symbols within a subframe in case of frame type 1 normal CP length con tains exclusively PDSCH FETCh SUMMary OSTP AVERage on page 100 Power Shows the average time domain power of the analyzed signal FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage on page 100 Crest Factor Shows the peak to average power ratio of captured signal FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage on page 97 E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 32 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Power Over Time 5 2 Measuring the Power Over Time This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal over time Cp ture Eeer dee geheegt 33 Q
161. ts normal PHICH duration CONFigure LTE DL PHICh MITM lt State gt This command includes or excludes the use of the PHICH special setting for enhanced test models Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF DL PHIC MITM ON Activates PHICH TDD m_i 1 E TM CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NGParameter lt Ng gt This command selects the method that determines the number of PHICH groups in a subframe Parameters lt Ng gt NG1_6 NG1_2 NG1 NG2 NGCUSTOM Select NG_CUSTOM to customize Ng You can then define the variable as you like with CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups RST NG1_ 6 Example CONF DL PHIC NGP NG1_ 6 Sets N to 1 6 The number fo PHICH groups in the subframe depends on the number of resource blocks CONF DL PHIC NGP NG CUSTOM Define a customized value for Ng CONF DL PHIC NOGR 5 Directly sets the number of PHICH groups in the subframe to 5 E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 139 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands b ee Analyzing Measurement Results CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups lt NofGroups gt This command sets the number of PHICH groups Parameters lt NofGroups gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF DL PHIC NOGR 5 Sets number of PHICH groups to 5 CONFigure LTE DL PHICh POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PHICH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 3 01 dB Default unit
162. ubframe In combination with the cyclic prefix the special subframes serve as guard periods for switches from uplink to downlink They contain three parts or fields e DwPTS The DwPTS is the downlink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit down link data e GP The guard period makes sure that there are no overlaps of up and downlink signals during a switch e UpPTS The UpPTS is the uplink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit uplink data R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement REESEN Configuring Downlink Frames The length of the three fields is variable This results in several possible configurations of the special subframe The LTE standard defines 9 different configurations for the spe cial subframe However configurations 7 and 8 only work for a normal cyclic prefix If you select it using an extended cyclic prefix or automatic detection of the cyclic prefix the application will show an error message SCPI command Subframe CONFigure LTE DL TDD UDConf on page 131 Special Subframe CONFigure LTE DL TDD SPSC on page 131 6 7 2 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The physical signal characteristics contain settings to describe the phyiscal attributes of an LTE signal The physical settings are part of the Frame Configuration tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box DL Demod YR EATI DL Adv Sig Config Physical Layer Cell
163. ult all EVM results are in To view the EVM results in dB change the EVM Unit The second part of the table shows results that refer to a specifc selection of the frame The statistic is always evaluated over the subframes User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 31 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results The header row of the table contains information about the selection you have made like the subframe EVM All Shows the EVM for all resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage on page 97 EVM Phys Channel Shows the EVM for all physical channel resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage on page 98 EVM Phys Signal Shows the EVM for all physical signal resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage on page 99 Frequency Error Shows the difference in the measured center frequency and the reference center frequency FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage on page 99 Sampling Error Shows the difference in measured symbol clock and reference symbol clock relative to the system sampling rate FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage on page 101 Q Offset Shows the power at spectral line 0 normalized to the total transmitted power FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage on page 100 UO Gain Imbalance Shows the logarithm of the gain ratio of the Q channel
164. ur Customer Support Centers A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation programming or applications of Rohde amp Schwarz equipment Up to date information and upgrades To keep your instrument up to date and to be informed about new application notes related to your instrument please send an e mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish We will take care that you will get the right information Europe Africa Middle East Phone 49 89 4129 12345 customersupport rohde schwarz com North America Phone 1 888 TEST RSA 1 888 837 8772 customer support rsa rohde schwarz com Latin America Phone 1 410 910 7988 customersupport la rohde schwarz com Asia Pacific Phone 6565 13 04 88 customersupport asia rohde schwarz com China Phone 86 800 810 8228 86 400 650 5896 customersupport china rohde schwarz com ROHDE amp SCHWARZ 1171 0200 22 06 00 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Contents 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 2 2 5 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 3 1 4 3 2 4 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 Contents PERG Cease eessen eege 7 Documentation OVErVieWw ccccccesssecnneeesseceneeeeeseeeeeeeeeensaeceeeeeeesseeeeeeeeeesaeeeeeeeneneeseneees 7 Typographical Conventions cccccccceeseenceeeeeseeeeseeeeeseeeseeeessecneseeeesseaesaeesesneeeseeeeeeees
165. ure LTE DL PHICh DURation on page 139 PHICH TDD m_i 1 E TM Turns the special setting of the PHICH for the enhanced test models on and off The special setting is defined in 36 141 V9 0 0 6 1 2 6 For frame structure type 2 the factor m_i shall not be set as per TS36 211 Table 6 9 1 but instead shall be set to m_i 1 for all transmitted subframes The parameter is available if you have selected TDD SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh MITM on page 139 PHICH N_g Sets the variable No N in combination with the number of resource blocks defines the number of PHICH groups in a downlink subframe The standard specifies several values for N that you can select from the dropdown menu If you need a customized configuration you can set the number of PHICH groups in a subframe by selecting the Custom menu item and set a number of PHICH groups directly with PHICH Number of Groups SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NGParameter on page 139 User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 76 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Configuring and Performing the Measurement b O ee ee eS Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics PHICH Number of Groups Sets the number of PHICH groups contained in a subframe To select a number of groups you have to set the PHICH N_g to Custom SCPI command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups on page 140 PHICH Rel Power Defines the power of the PHICH relative to the reference signal
166. urrently selected when the file was saved You can load only files with correct link directions Setting parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the file Example MMEM LOAD DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 145 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Remote Commands Configuring the Software MMEMory LOAD TMOD DL lt TestModel gt This command loads an EUTRA test model E TM The test models are in accordance with 3GPP TS 36 141 Setting parameters lt TestModel gt E TM1_1__10MHz EUTRA Test Model 1 1 E TM1 1 E TM1_2__10MHz EUTRA Test Model 1 2 E TM1 2 E TM2__10MHz EUTRA Test Model 2 E TM2 E TM3_1__10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 1 E TM3 1 E TM3_2__10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 2 E TM3 2 E TM3_3__ 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 3 E TM3 3 Example MMEM LOAD TMOD DL E TM2_ 10MHz Selects test model 2 for a 10 MHz bandwidth Usage Setting only E TN User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 146 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink List of Commands List of Commands CA Nat Si ED E 91 CAL Culate cnzLlMitckzACbowerACHannel RE Gut 112 CAL Culate cnzLlMitckzACbowerAl TematehRt Gut 113 CAL Culate nzLlMitck OObower OFFbowerd 114 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt OOQPower TRANsient nennen 114 CAL Culate cnz MAbRkercmzAOEE tnnt n AASE E EENE EEAAEEANNSEEENESEEESEEEEESEE EEEE ESEE Eneee nae 142 CAlLCulate cnzMAb
167. vailable downlink bandwidth consists of sw subcarriers with a spacing of Af 15 kHz In the case of multi cell MBMS transmission a subcarrier spacing of Af 7 5 kHz is also possible sw can vary in order to allow for scalable bandwidth operation up to 20 MHz Initially the bandwidths for LTE were explicitly defined within layer 1 spec ifications Later on a bandwidth agnostic layer 1 was introduced with sw for the different bandwidths to be specified by 3GPP RAN4 to meet performance requirements e g for out of band emission requirements and regulatory emission limits One downlink slot Tao Resource element One resource block Npe subcarriers NBE subcarriers NGL OFDM symbols Fig 2 5 Downlink Resource Grid One downlink slot consists of sx OFDM symbols To each symbol a cyclic prefix CP is appended as guard time compare figure 2 1 sx depends on the cyclic prefix length The generic frame structure with normal cyclic prefix length contains sm 7 symbols This translates into a cyclic prefix length of Tpp 5 2us for the first symbol and Tcp 4 7us for the remaining 6 symbols Additionally an extended cyclic prefix is defined in order to cover large cell scenarios with higher delay spread and MBMS transmission The generic frame structure with extended cyclic prefix of Tcp_ 16 7us contains sx 6 OFDM sym bols subcarrier spacing 15 kHz The generic frame structure with extended cyclic prefix LEE User Ma
168. ve selected automatic YIG filter control the R amp S FSQ automatically resolves whether to use the YIG filter or not Manual selection of the YIG filter state is not available in that case Note that the R amp S FSQ uses the YIG filter only for frequencies greater than 3 6 GHz If the frequency is smaller these settings have no effect SCPI command INPut lt n gt FILTer YIG STATe on page 125 INPut lt n gt FILTer YIG AUTO on page 125 High Dynamic Turns the bypass of the bandwidth extension R amp S FSQ B72 on and off if you are using a wideband filter The signal instead passes through the normal signal path If active high dynamic results in a higher resolution because the normal signal path uses a 14 bit ADC However all signals to the left or right of the spectrum of interest are folded into the spectrum itself The high dynamic functionality is available only if R amp S FSQ B72 is installed and the sample rate is in the range from 20 4 MHz to 40 8 MHz SCPI command TRACe 1Q FILTer FLATness on page 125 6 5 3 Configuring the Baseband Input The baseband settings contain settings that configure the baseband input The baseband settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO UU Zh Trigger Spectrum Baseband Settings IQ Input 50 Ohm IQ Path k a Balanced Le Low Pass Lei Dither E Ed Box Settings 4 HEME i EE E E A E L TE 62 ee 62 SUE Te EE 62 LOW EE 62 D
169. vewiscecern tise ended adea oaia i edadea lane 99 FE TOCh SUMMarv FERRort AVEHRagef A 99 FE TOCh SUMMarv GlMalance MANimum tatn ttntt Ents Ennnst Ennn EEn aenn En nenn ennnen 99 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINIMUM 0 cece eee cence eeeeeeeeeeeeseeeneaeeseaeessaeeseaeeseeeseaeesseeessaeeenieeneaes 99 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXIMUM 0 cece cece eceneeceneeceeeeceaeeseaeeseaeeseaeeseseeseaeeseaeesaeseaeeseaeessaeeeeaeeee 100 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINIMUM 000 cece ccc eeeee cence tees seed eceaeeseeeseeesseeeseaeesaeeseeeseaeseaeeseeeesneeseaeees 100 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERAGE 0 0 ec eececeeececee eee eeeee eens eeeneeeaeeseeeeeseeseaeesseeeseeeseaeeseeeseeeseaeeee 100 FETChH SUMMary OSTP MAXIMUM EEN Eed Eed EELER 100 FETChH SUMMary OS TP ll Hr NEE 100 SSeS N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 148 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink List of Commands FETCh SUMMarv OSTPIAVERaoel Ent AtEntEn ENEA NEAEAEAnEAEAtEnEn Ennan nnen eea 100 FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXIMUM reinsan an EEN dEEEEdEEEAEEE EN A ans 100 FETCh SUMMarv POMWer MiNimum AAA 100 FETChH SUMMary POWerf AVERAge inivccccccssccsiriegeaver parece daserpein da aa NEEN EEAEE ace 100 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXIMUM 00 eee cece eee e cence teas eeeaeeteaeeeeeeeseeeesaeeseaeeseeeeseaeetieeeseeeeeneeeeaeeee 101 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINIMUM eee eee cece eeeee cence eeeeeeeaeseaeeseeeeeseeseaeeseeeseaeeseaeeseeeeseaeeseae
170. weep This process slightly increases the measurement time You can define the measurement time of that measurement with the Auto Level Track Time Automatic level detection also optimizes RF attenuation SCPI command Manual RF CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt analyzer gt on page 118 Manual BB CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ lt analyzer gt on page 118 Automatic SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt STATe on page 119 Auto Level Track Time SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt TIME on page 120 Attenuating the Signal Attenuation of the signal may become necessary if you have to reduce the power of the signal that you have applied Power reduction is necessary for example to prevent an overload of the input mixer The LTE application provides several attenuation modes e External attenuation is always available It controls an external attenuator if you are using one e Mechanical or RF attenuation is always available The mechanical attenuator con trols attenuation at the RF input Mechanical attenuation is available in the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box e If you have equipped your R amp S FSQ with option R amp S FSQ B25 it also provides electronic attenuation Note that the frequency range may not exceed the specifi cation of the electronic attenuator for it to work Electronic attenuation is available in the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Positive values
171. wer Upper Shows the relative power of the lower and upper adjacent and alternate channels e Limit Shows the limit of that channel if one is defined User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 41 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum SCPI command Selection CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC ACP Reading results CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent on page 114 TRACe DATA 5 4 2 UO Measurements Power SPC E 42 Power vs Resource Block PDSGH Sieg EEN 43 Power vs Resource Block RG 43 Channel FlaMeS EE 44 Channel Group Delay EE 44 Channel Flatness Diferente aieiaiei ia a aa AN Ea A EANA 45 Power Spectrum Starts the Power Spectrum result display This result display shows the power density of the complete capture buffer in dBm Hz The displayed bandwidth depends on bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set For more information see Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks on page 51 The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power level is plotted E N User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 42 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum B Power Spectrum dBmiHz 1 54 MHzidiv SCPI command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED SPEC PSPE TRACe DATA Power vs Resource Block PDSCH Starts the Power vs Resource Block PDSCH result display This resul
172. wer value in dBm and the distance to the limit line in dB is given The length of the falling and rising transient is given in the last two columns of the table If any of the OFF power or transient results fail the limit check the result will be printed in red color The overall limit check result given in the header of the graph will pass if all of the limit checks of all periods are passed EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 34 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM In the lower part of the screen an overview of the EUTRA LTE frame is shown Because of the overload during the ON period only blue rectangles are sketched The red line displays the limit to fulfill the blue trace shows the transient period and the yellow trace shows the transmitter OFF power incorporating the filtering prescribed in 3GPP TS 36 141 B ON OFF Power Off Power Density limit 85 0dBm MHz Timing Adjust Passed 1 00 ms div SCPI command Selection CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT OOP Limit check CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 00Power OFFPower on page 114 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 00Power TRANsient on page 114 SENSe LTE OOPower ATIMing on page 94 TRACe DATA 5 3 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the error vector mag nitude EVM of a signal The EVM is one of the most import
173. xis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm EE User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 39 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum 3 50 MHz div A table above the result display contains the numerical values for the limit check at each check point e Start Stop Freq Rel Shows the start and stop frequency of each section of the Spectrum Mask relative to the center frequency e RBW Shows the resolution bandwidth of each section of the Spectrum Mask e Freq at A to Limit Shows the absolute frequency whose power measurement being closest to the limit line for the corresponding frequency segment e Power Abs Shows the absolute measured power of the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The application evaluates this value for each frequency segment e Power Rel Shows the distance from the measured power to the limit line at the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The application evaluates this value for each frequency segment e Ato Limit Shows the minimal distance of the tolerance limit to the SEM trace for the corre sponding frequency segment Negative distances indicate the trace is below the tol erance limit positive distances indicate the trace is above the tolerance limit A Spectrum Emission Mask List Ref 26 2 dBm AtvVE 0 00 0 00 dB Siart Freq Rel
174. yclic Prefix The reference signal sequence carries the cell identity Each reference signal sequence is generated as a symbol by symbol product of an orthogonal sequence r S three of them existing and a pseudo random sequence PZ 170 of them existing Each cell identity corresponds to a unique combination of one orthogonal sequence r and one pseudo random sequence rPRS allowing 510 different cell identities Frequency hopping can be applied to the downlink reference signals The frequency hopping pattern has a period of one frame 10 ms During cell search different types of information need to be identified by the handset symbol and radio frame timing frequency cell identification overall transmission band width antenna configuration and cyclic prefix length Besides the reference symbols synchronization signals are therefore needed during cell search EUTRA uses a hierarchical cell search scheme similar to WCDMA This means that the synchronization acquisition and the cell group identifier are obtained from differ ent synchronization signals Thus a primary synchronization signal P SYNC anda secondary synchronization signal S SYNC are assigned a predefined structure They are transmitted on the 72 center subcarriers around the DC subcarrier within the same predefined slots twice per 10 ms on different resource elements see figure 2 7 Ee User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 15 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Introdu
175. ys available with the LTE Analysis Software e Symbols and Variables ENEE 21 6 OVER EE 22 e The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Appltcaton 22 e Performing Time Alignment Measurement AA 25 e Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements cccccccecceeceecceeeeeeeeeeeetees 27 4 1 Symbols and Variables The following chapters use various symbols and variables in the equations that the measurements are based on The table below explains these symbols for a better under standing of the measurement principles EE data symbol actual decided Dix boosting factor Af Af ENEN carrier frequency offset between transmitter and receiver actual coarse estimate Al residual carrier frequency offset relative sampling frequency offset Hix A ik channel transfer function actual estimate i time index Tooarse gt Hine timing estimate coarse fine k subcarrier index l OFDM symbol index Neer length of FFT Ng number of samples in cyclic prefix guard interval Ns number of Nyquist samples Noe number of resource elements n subchannel index subframe index Nik noise sample Q common phase error r i received sample in the time domain Tike Fiko Ok received sample uncompensated partially compen sated equalized in the frequency domain User Manual 1173 0620 42 06 21 R amp S FSQ K10x LTE Downlink Measurement Basics ses SS ee 4 2 4

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R&S FSQ-K10x LTE Downlink Measurement