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Area Meter LI-3000A - Toolik Field Station

1. 2 for samples gt 50 cm Display Capacity Area 9 999 999 99 cm Length 99 999 999 9 cm Width 12 8 cm Display 2 line x 16 character LCD Keyboard Sealed 24 key tactile response Real Time Clock Year month day hour minute second Accuracy 3 minutes per month 25 C Internal Memory 32K bytes RAM Memory Capacity From 675 entries 675 files 1 entry each to 2385 entries 1 file 2385 entries Communications RS 232C hardwired Data Communications Equipment DCE Baud rates are selectable at 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 Sample Dimensions Width 127 mm maximum 1 mm minimum Thickness 8 mm maximum Length meter maximum Scanning Speed Length encoding cord drawing speed need not be constant Error message indicates if encoding cord is drawn too fast gt 1 meter s Power Requirement Rechargeable 6 V lead acid battery or 108 126 216 252 VAC 48 to 66 Hz 25 watt maximum Battery Capacity 15 hours of continuous operation Recharging Time 5 8 hours instrument off Charging circuitry built in Battery Voltage Sensor Automatically shuts instrument off when low battery condition exists Also provides a low battery warning approximately 1 hour before shutdown The remaining power maintains data stored in memory Operating Temperature 0 to 55 C 0 to 80 RH noncondensing Storage Temperature 20 to 55 C 0 to 80 RH noncondensing Scanning Head LED Light Source 6 4 mm from outer edge Size 30 5 cm
2. LI 3000A Portable Area Meter LI 3050A Belt Conveyer Instruction Manual MICOR m LI 3000A Portable Area Meter LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Instruction Manual Publication No 8805 0055 June 1988 LI COR inc 4421 Superior Street P O Box 4425 Lincoln Nebraska 68504 0425 USA Telephone 402 467 3576 FAX 402 467 2819 Toll free 1 800 447 3576 U S amp Canada IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp PC Talk is a trademark of Freeware ProComm is a trademark of Datastorm Technologies Inc Apple is a registered trademark and Macintosh is a trademark licensed to Apple Computer Inc NOTICE The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice LI COR MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE LI COR shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without prior written consent of LI COR Inc Copyright 1988 LI COR Inc How to Use This Manual This manual contains the operation instructions for both the LI 3
3. please let us know by enclosing a letter with your instrument Warranty repairs are invoiced at no charge excluding customs fees in some countries Other repairs are billed at an hourly rate for technician labor plus the cost of replacement parts Recalibrations are billed at the standard prices indicated on the LI COR price list For repairs that are not under warranty please include billing information when you return your instrument LEO LI COR inc 4421 Superior Street P O Box 4425 Lincoln Nebraska 68504 USA Phone 402 467 3576 FAX 402 467 2819 Toll free 1 800 447 3576 U S 8 Canada
4. 0 0 00 Y 4 Measure a sample AREA 42 37 0 0 00 K X and store it by pressing STORE X The display will briefly show FILE 1 X ENTRY T Y followed by 3 11 Instrument Operation D 9 eal EA 0 00 X Note the X value clears after pressing 0 0 00 Y STOREX 5 Take 5 readings following each by pressing ADD or by pressing the scanning head button twice A 0 00 X 5 344 20 Y 5 samples in Y register accumulator ARI zal Now press STORE Y to store the Y register readings in the file FILE 1 X Displayed briefly ENTRY DT A AREA 0 00 X 0 0 00 X Note the Y value clears on STORE Y 6 Take 2 more readings following each by pressing ADD Then press STORE Y 7 Close the file by pressing FILE FILE 1 X Displayed briefly CLOSED Y E The file is now similar to that shown at the beginning of this example STRUCTURING FILES Since you have a lot of flexibility on exactly what values to store in a file it pays to exercise a little forethought on how to structure your files For example suppose you wish to determine leaf area index in 10 different plots by measuring leaf areas on 5 plants in each plot One way to proceed would be to use a file for each plot so you ll have 10 files when done Once a file is opened measure all leaves on the first plant pressing ADD or 3 12 Instrument Operation press the white b
5. Setup and Adjustment Loosen the knurled knobs la Figure 8 on both sides of the upper pulley assembly Leave the upper pulley in the down position and slide a transparent belt onto the assembly from the front Lift the knurled knobs and tighten them when the desired belt tension is obtained Support the weighted lower most pulley 1b Figure 8 with a piece of foam rubber to hold it in a maximum upward position Slide a transparent belt onto the lower pulley assembly from the front Remove the foam support and center the belt while lifting the lower pulley manually When the belt is centered release the lower pulley The weight automatically provides adequate tension Mounting the lower belt can be simplified by placing a sheet of paper under the lower surface of the upper belt to prevent cohesion as the lower belt is put into place IMPORTANT Place the belts so that the edges and seems of one are slightly misaligned with the other When the edges are aligned background counts can occur Turn the knurled knob on the front of the lower pulley assembly 1c Figure 8 counterclockwise to lower the scanning head support blocks Open the scanning head and slide it into the LI 3050A Figure 9 When the scanning head is inserted so that about 1 8 is protruding from the front of the LI 3050A raise the scanning head support blocks by turning the knurled knob 1c Figure 8 clockwise against the right hand stop Do not lower the scanning head s
6. at 50 for that LED The access code to get into this routine is FP5 This code is the same for all LI 3000As Once a number is edited an e will appear next to that number in the table The edited calibration data can only be used until the instrument is turned off A CAL FILE LOST message is displayed if the Maintenance and Calibration instrument is turned off and back on and the autocalibration routine must be used to recalibrate the head PRINT CAL The calibration file is printed via the RS 232C port using this function PRINTING X Y A sample calibration table is shown on the following page On the 5th line of the header noise at 0 9V is 0 12800 cnts the 0 indicates that none of the LEDs dipped to 0 9V 1 0V is optimum A non zero number indicates that the head may have a few weak leads On the 6th line if this number is non zero then the calibration either failed or probably would fail if run again If you encounter communication problems during printing press the lt key to abort the routine 5 14 Maintenance and Calibration LI 3000A Calibration Sample HEAD SR 1611 REMARK XXX XXX XXX 3 MAY 1988 15 42 39 NOISE AT 0 9VIS 0 12800 CNTS NOISE AT 0 7VIS 0 12800 CNTS CAL MAX VAL 80 CAL MIN VAL 42 LED DEC HEX LED LED DEC HEX 1 70 46 33 46 2E 2 49 31 34 54 36 3 49 31 35 52 34 4 43 2B 36 51 33 5 48 30 37 55 37 6 47 2F 38 47 2F 7 48 30 39 44 2C 8 48 30 40 4
7. for portable operation The battery life is approximately 15 hours The LI 3000A has been designed for field use Operate and store it with care similar to that required for a camera The 3000A 02 Carrying Case is recommended The optional accessories for the LI 3000A include the 3000A 02 Carrying Case the LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory the 3000A 03 Interface Cable for LI 3100 to LI 3000A the 6000 03B RS 232C printer 1 1 General Information and the 3000A SM Service Manual Replacement and service items are listed in Section V Theory of Operation The method by which the LI 3000A measures area is best understood by examining the technique for manual area measurement Manual area measurement requires tracing the outline of the sample on graph paper and methodically counting the squares where the sample covers fifty percent or more of the area of an individual grid cell The 50 criterion for the acceptance or rejection of grid cells is necessary to maintain linearity in the measured area In other words if the grid cells with fifty percent or more area covered were not counted the result would be inconsistent data on repeated measurements Similarly if a sample were cut into pieces and the individual pieces summed the results would likely not equal the measurement of the whole sample unless the 50 criterion was used The width of the sample at a given point is determined by the number of grid cells covered
8. high or low resolution if using the LI 3100 Area Meter To exit MENU list press any key except ENTER 1 or MEMORY AVAILABLE 100 REMAINING X Displays of available memory PRESS KEY Y Press any key to return to help menu The actual number of files or area entries that can be stored is highly dependent on how the data is stored as indicated in the table below When the memory is full the message NOT ENOUGH MEM will be displayed when you try to store data into a file Entries Total Per File Files Entries 1 674 674 2 526 1052 3 431 1293 4 365 1460 5 316 1580 10 190 1900 15 136 2040 20 105 2100 2385 1 2385 Instrument Operation SET VO The SET I O routine sequentially prompts for the following list of parameters X 300 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 X Tor8 Y X lor2 Y X EVEN ODD or NONE X Tor8 xX Y or N Pin 20 high X YorN xX Y or N Pin 4 high CHECK DTR Y Hardware pacing DTR line When set to Y the LI 3000A will send data only when it sees pin 20 DTR of the I O port 3 18 Instrument Operation high gt 3V This method of pacing is commonly used in printers as is the case with the 6000 03B Printer from LI COR XON XOFF N XON XOFF software handshake The LI 3000A will transmit data until an XOFF character hex 13 ASCII
9. range is 0 to 255 37 is the base 16 equivalent to 55 The T and 4 keys will scroll through the 128 calibration values Press any key to return to the menu EDIT CAL The Edit Cal routine allows the scanning head calibration data to be changed Normally the calibration should never need to be manually changed This routine may be of use in special cases if the head fails the autocalibration routine and the user wants to temporarily get the instrument working If the instrument fails the autocalibration routine then it does have a problem and should be returned to LI COR for repair The only time it is desirable to change the calibration data is when the scanning head has a weak LED that cannot be lit to the same intensity as the other LEDs The autocalibration routine will completely turn that LED off its calibration value will be 0 Thus 1 mm of area will always be counted for each millimeter of string travel for each LED that is off By editing that LED to some nonzero value from 1 to 255 the LED may be made bright enough so that it no longer causes counts to appear when the string is pulled with an empty head A typical value for the edited number may be about 100 0 is off 255 is brightest The accuracy of the instrument will generally be degraded after the calibration file is edited This is especially true if the edge of the leaf is near the edited LED See to the Theory of Operation The leaf no leaf decision will no longer be
10. 000A Portable Area Meter and the LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory If you purchased an LI 3000A but not an LI 3050A you may wish to skip Section VI which contains information on the LI 3050A If you already own an LI 3000A and have purchased only an LI 3050A you will want to skip directly to Section VI which has the LI 3050A operation instructions If you want to operate the LI 3000A console with an LI 3100 Area Meter you will want to read Section IV to learn how to connect the LI 3000A to the LI 3100 and then read Section III for instrument operation instructions If you have purchased the 3000A 01 Readout Console to upgrade an older LI 3000A Portable Area Meter you will want to read Sections II and III If your sensor head has not been calibrated to your console you should also read the sensor head calibration information in Section V Printing History New editions of this manuals will incorporate all material since the previous edition The manual printing date indicates its current edition The printing date changes when a new edition is printed Minor corrections and updates which are incorporated at reprint do not cause the date to change Edition 1 June 1988 Table of Contents SECTION I General Information System Description ieii rn aE a a a AEE a 1 1 THE Ory OF OperatiOn 442 01 zoo sevedcoukecesevds a a aaa i ee a RE A 1 2 Instrument Calibration ensenen oeii E e E AES 1 3 SECTION II Preoperation Procedur
11. 15 6 02 FILE A sequential number assigned by the system that you use to reference the file REM A remark entered by the user when the file is first opened ENTRY Sequential numbers identifying records in the file COUNT The number of samples represented in the record When X values are stored the count is always 0 Y values will always be an integer greater than 0 The count represents the number of X values that were added together before the accumulated Y value was stored in the file For accumulated values the AREA value is the total leaf area of all samples LENGTH is the total leaf length AV WIDTH is the average width of all samples and MX WIDTH is the maximum width of all samples The following sequence of events could have occurred to make the above file It would be a good example to duplicate using your own console as well Instrument Operation 1 Press FILE to open a file The display will show FILE 1 OPENED X Briefly displayed Y ENTER REMARK X Y 2 The remark PLOT1 is entered by pressing this sequence of keys PT LT O T T SPACE 1 ENTER To type the alpha characters in the lower left corners of the keys just press the desired key To type the alpha characters in the upper left corners press T first then the key Typing mistakes can be corrected using the back arrow key 3 Now the display will show AREA 0 00 X The indicates that a file is open
12. 8 30 95 oF 39 41 54 36 10 49 31 42 53 35 11 47 2F 43 45 2D 12 42 2A 44 44 2C 13 46 2E 45 50 32 14 42 2A 46 48 30 15 43 2B 47 48 30 16 51 33 48 56 38 17 47 2F 49 54 36 18 46 2E 50 58 3A 19 45 2D 51 46 2E 20 47 2F 52 48 30 21 60 3C 53 52 34 22 52 34 54 43 2B 23 44 2C 55 50 32 24 58 3A 56 48 30 25 49 31 57 46 2E 26 46 2E 58 50 32 27 54 36 59 49 31 28 44 2C 60 48 30 29 45 2D 61 46 2E 30 50 32 62 52 34 31 50 32 63 58 3A 32 56 38 64 48 30 DEC 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 TT 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 5 15 47 52 47 46 47 46 48 52 47 62 58 59 66 54 52 64 57 67 50 49 60 48 46 57 48 56 48 54 52 62 54 58 HEX 2F 34 2F 2E 2F 2E 30 34 2F 3E 3A 3B 42 36 34 40 39 43 32 31 3C 30 2E 39 30 38 30 36 34 3E 36 3A LED 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 64 68 52 DEC 40 44 34 54 60 56 60 64 58 66 49 46 47 72 53 72 52 52 52 54 58 53 50 46 48 48 62 46 46 80 82 67 HEX 36 3C 38 3C 40 3A 42 31 2E 2F 48 35 48 34 34 34 36 3A 35 32 2E 30 30 3E 2E 2E 50 34 43 Section VI LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory
13. DATA TO AN IBM PERSONAL COMPUTER In order to transfer data to an IBM PC or compatible two things are needed the proper cable s and software that writes the incoming data into a data file The LI 3000A is connected to a serial port on the standard IBM PC using the provided interface cable and the female to female gender changer If you are using an IBM AT or an AT compatible you may need a 25 pin to 9 pin conversion cable which you should be able to find at a local computer store For data transfer software any program which can write incoming ASCII data into a data file will suffice Most commercially available communication packages perform this type of data transfer Several inexpensive programs and their manufacturers are listed below Program Name ProComm Datastorm Technologies inc P O Box 1471 Columbia MO 65205 Program Name PC Talk Freeware P O Box 862 Tiburon CA 94920 3 22 Instrument Operation TRANSFERRING DATA TO THE APPLE MACINTOSH Connecting the LI 3000A to the Macintosh requires the provided interface cable the female to female gender changer and a Hayes compatible modem cable for the Macintosh For data transfer software a number of programs are commercially available One such program is Red Ryder which is available from the Freesoft Company at a nominal cost Their address is given below Program Name Red Ryder The Freesoft Company 150 Hickory Drive Beaver Falls PA 15010 PRIN
14. DC3 is received Data transmission will resume upon receipt of an XON character hex 11 ASCII DC1 This is a fairly common handshaking protocol CHECK RTS N Hardware handshake When CHECK RTS is set to Y the LI 3000A will only send data when it sees pin 4 RTS of the I O port high gt 3V The 6000 03B Printer does not support this handshaking protocol set CHECK RTS to N More information on transferring data to a computer or printer can be found in the Data Communications section PRINT FILES This routine prompts the user for a range of files to be transmitted out the RS 232C port Entering a 0 or just pressing ENTER in response to either the FROM or THRU prompts will abort this routine PRINT FILES X FROM_ Y FROM 10 X If 10 were entered for THRU Y the starting value DELETE ALL FILES Pressing to change the N to a Y followed by ENTER will clear all files from memory Instrument Operation CONFIG REGISTERS The user can choose whether the X value is automatically cleared when the ADD key is pressed or the white button double pressed when the STORE X key is pressed or whether the Y value is automatically cleared when the STORE Y key is pressed CLR X ON ADD Y X Tal or ENTER Y CLR X ON STORE Y X T l or ENTER Y CLR Y ON STORE Y X T k or ENTER X These prompts are used to facilitate rapid data collecti
15. ING SERVICE FOR YOUR INSTRUMENT Section I General Information System Description The LI COR Model LI 3000A Portable Area Meter utilizes an electronic method of rectangular approximation to measure leaf area on intact plants of many species The LI 3000A has two components the Scanning Head and the Readout Console Area data is logged by the Readout Console as the Scanning Head is passed over the leaf The LI 3000A console replaces the LI 3000 Portable Area Meter readout console The scanning heads on both instruments are the same The LI 3000A has the following features e Displays leaf length average width and maximum width in addition to area and accumulated area Readings can be summed in a secondary summing register at the user s command The previous reading added to the register can be subtracted from it e Readings can be stored in the console and later output to a computer or printer RS 232C interface e The console can be connected to any LI 3000 Portable Area Meter scanning head The console will self calibrate heads with serial numbers 197 and above Heads with serial numbers PAM196 and below require a specially configured console which does not self calibrate e The console can be used with either the LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory or the LI 3100 Area Meter requires a minor modification of LI 3100 s with serial numbers LAM652 and below e A rechargeable sealed lead acid battery provides power
16. K FREQ This test is used to check the accuracy of the real time clock ADJUST FREQUENCY X PRESS KEY Y The frequency on Pin 1 of component U24 6242 should be 64 00000 hertz as measured by a frequency counter Any error from 64 Hz is directly proportional to the error that will be seen in time Freq Measured Error 64 01000 7 min month 64 00100 40 sec month 64 00010 4 sec month 64 00001 4 sec month As a part of the clock freguency test the real time clock is set to zero At the end of the test the user 1s prompted to enter the current date and time TEST CLOCK 20 JUN 1988 X Displays current date and time T5 427833 Y Press any key to return to the menu TEST RS 232 OUT This test transmits the character set out the RS 232C port A printer must be connected Press the lt key to abort the test if problems occur 5 7 Maintenance and Calibration TEST RS 232 INOUT This test sends a space ASCII decimal 32 and expects or receive a space a loopback connector must be installed The data sent should match the data received Press ENTER to start the test Any of the following results may occur TEST RS232 inout X Test passed The data received 7 a J or ENTER Y matched the data transmitted RECEIVER ERR X No data was received A loopback Y connector was not used RECEIVE DATA ERR X Data received did not match Y transmitted data The receive data err message can occur if an EPSON RX 80 printer
17. O FAST X PRESS CLR X Y will be displayed When CLEAR X is pressed the X value will be cleared and normal operation will resume Maximum string speed is about 1 meter per second Making Measurements When using the scanning head on attached leaves observe the following 2 important principals e Pull the length encoding cord at the same rate the sample is being pulled through the scanning head This is accomplished by holding the length encoding knob against a stationary object stem etc as the scanning head is drawn over the sample e Pull the length encoding cord straight out from perpendicular to the front plane of the scanning head an angle of 11 5 degrees will cause a 2 error AREA MEASUREMENT OF ATTACHED LEAVES 1 Move the ON OFF switch to ON 2 Open the scanning head and position it over a leaf The leaf does not have to be detached from the plant to be measured 3 5 Instrument Operation 3 Close the scanning head over the petiole so that the leaf base is in the scanning head but not between the LED and photodiode detector windows For plants such as corn position the head as near to the leaf base as possible 4 wm Draw the length encoding cord to some location where it can be held steady The knob can be held against a stem Figure 2 or in the case of broadleaf plants the knob can be held firm by clasping it together with the petiole between the second and third fingers 5 wm Pre
18. Selects the data column to be viewed All other keys will cause view mode to be exited DELETING A RANGE OF FILES When DEL is pressed from normal operating mode as opposed to the file view mode the user is prompted for a range of files to delete DELETE FILES X FROM Y FROM 10 X If 10 were entered for the starting THRU Y value Enter the ending value Each file in the range that is deleted is shown on the display FILE 14 X Counts through a range DELETED Y Or resumes area display if not found If you wish to get out of the file delete routine enter 0 or press ENTER without making an entry for either the FROM or THRU file numbers See also the discussion below on deleting all files Menu Key Routines The MENU key accesses a list of software routines MEMORY AVAILABI E X sb or ENTER Y Instrument Operation Use the T and J keys to scroll through the list and press ENTER to perform any one Press any other key to exit the menu list and return to normal operation The list of routines is Memory Available Shows of memory available for storage Set I O Configures the RS 232C port baud rate data bits etc Print Files Outputs a user selected range of files to the RS 232C port Delete All Files Deletes all stored files Config Registers Can set auto clear on ADD STORE X and STORE Y Set Clock Sets time and date 3100 Resolution Sets
19. TING DATA ON THE 6000 03B PRINTER The 6000 03B serial port configuration is determined by two banks of DIP switches located on the serial interface board They are set at LI COR for 2 stop bits parity odd and disabled flag positive and 4800 baud The dip switches should be set as shown below 6 1 8 NOA ua PA PP sW2 To configure the printer for a different baud rate consult the EPSON Serial Interface Manual for complete information on the dip switches The LI 3000A can be connected directly to the 6000 03B using the provided interface cable 3 23 Instrument Operation The LI 3000A communication parameters are set using the SET I O routine on the MENU key For the 6000 03B they should be set as follows BAUD 4800 DATA BITS 8 STOP BITS 2 PARITY NONE CHECK DTR Y XON XOFF N CHECK RTS N Files are printed using the PRINT FILES routine which is accessed by pressing the MENU key and scrolling to the desired software routine SOLVING COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS Below are a few of the common communication problems and a few things to check in order to facilitate solving the problem PROBLEM WHAT TO CHECK Nothing Happens Proper Cable Connections tight Printer on line All characters are wrong Check baud rate Some characters are wrong Check data bits stop bits or parity 3 24 Section IV Operation with the LI 3100 Area Meter The LI 3000A console can be connected to the LI 3100 Area Meter usin
20. acity remains in the battery If your battery is low skip down to the information on recharging the battery found later in this section If the message CALIBRATION LOST PRESS ANY KEY is displayed when the instrument is turned on the calibration table has been deleted because of a power interruption to the memory RAM The scanning head can be calibrated to the console as described in Section V 2 wa Open the scanning head by pressing on the thumb lever which is part of the upper section Figure 2 Section HI Hold the scanning head inverted and look into the long narrow window near the edge of the head Pull the length encoding cord out and retract it You should be able to see the LEDs as they rapidly pulse IMPORTANT Retract the cord by holding the knob and allowing the cord to draw into the head by its own force The cord should not be allowed to snap back into the head Also do not push the cord and cause slack internal backlash may result 2 1 Preoperation Procedures If you have been holding the head open while pulling the encoding cord you will notice that numbers are being accumulated on the display This is because the photodiodes will only accept the collimated light from the LEDs when the components are positioned properly This characteristic was designed into the instrument to prevent stray light from affecting normal data collection With the scanning head open the LEDs and the photodiodes are out of alignment
21. across a row The number of grid cells covered in a column determines the length The resolution of this measurement technique is a function of the area represented by each grid cell The function of the LI 3000A Portable Area Meter is to use electronic methods to simulate a grid pattern on the leaf The scanning head uses a row of 128 narrow band red light emitting diodes LEDs spaced on 1 mm centers to examine 128 grid cells across the width of the leaf The LEDs are sequentially pulsed only one LED is lit at a time to examine a particular grid cell in the row The LEDs are located along a line 0 62 cm 0 25 in from the edge of the upper section of the scanning head The base of the scanning head contains a lens photodiode system which responds only to the collimated pulsed LED light This design makes the measurements insensitive to other light sources These narrow band red LEDs and associated digital circuitry provide measurements which are unaffected by leaf transmission properties After each grid cell in the row is scanned it is necessary to advance to the next row Electronically this is accomplished by pulling the length encoding cord After each mm of cord travel a new scan is initiated in which each of the 128 LEDs are sequentially pulsed The scanning process begins only when the length encoding cord is pulled 1 2 General Information Since 1 mm of cord travel is equivalent to the side of a grid cell it is appare
22. asure the empty sheath to be certain that know spurious area is measured 2 Place an object in the sheath about 6 cm from one end 3 Open the scanning head and place the sheath in the head with about 4 cm protruding from the left edge and allow the head to close Figure 4 Use of the Transparent Sheath 3 8 Instrument Operation 4 Grasp the length encoding knob with your left hand thumb and forefinger and hold it stationary against the sheath Figure 4 5 Press the scanning head button once to clear the X value on the display Draw the sheath through the scanning head simultaneously drawing out the length encoding cord HINTS FOR VARIOUS LEAF TYPES Many types of leaves cannot be measured without additional support to guide them through the scanning head Techniques for several leaf types are discussed below Compound leaves can be measured by either scanning each leaflet as with the soybean trifoliate in Figure 3 or by enclosing the entire intact leaf in a transparent sheath Tender leaves such as those developed under low light conditions sometimes will not easily slide through the scanning head and may actually tear because of adherence to the instrument surfaces In this case a transparent sheath can be placed over the leaf for support and protection Insect damaged leaves which have protruding fragments or naturally dissected leaves having fine lobes usually require support by a transparent sheath Small leave
23. cm The label on the left side of the X line identifies the value on the right side The value displayed is selected by pressing the AREA LEN AVE WIDTH or MAX WIDTH keys 3 1 Instrument Operation 5 X Z i E o lt Figure 1 The LI 3000A front panel The area is computed as the length multiplied by the average width AREA LEN x AVWD The X value on the right of the display is the instantaneous value This value changes in real time as a sample is measured The Y value is an accumulator that you can use if you wish X values can be added to the Y value by pressing ADD Pressing the scanning head button twice in rapid succession has the same effect as pressing the ADD key The SUB key removes the last value entered from the Y register useful if ADD is mistakenly pressed Note that this last value is not necessarily the currently displayed X value and that the last value cannot be removed more than once 3 2 Instrument Operation AN EXAMPLE 1 Put a small piece of paper in the scanning head pull the string out a several centimeters and let it back The display will change to something like AREA 158 92 X 0 0 00 Y LEI gi td Z M A A PS 3 Press AVE WIDTH AV WD 5 8 x 0 0 00 Y 4 Press MAX WIDTH MX WD 528 X 0 0 00 Y Sample length was 27 4 cm Average sample widthwas 5 8 cm Maximum sample widthwas 5 8 cm 5 Press AREA to return to the normal display No
24. e mode without the LI 3050A it is not necessary to adjust the CAL ADJ potentiometer For a typical scanning head the accuracy difference between the factory setting of the CAL ADJ potentiometer and the adjusted setting used for the LI 3050A will introduce an error of 0 4 to 0 6 The measurement errors 2 accuracy in portable mode are much more significant Measurement errors in portable mode include not pulling the length encoding cord perpendicular to the line of LEDs and the error introduced by not measuring the portion of the leaf that is between the edge of the scanning head and the row of LEDs Section II Preoperation Procedures Operational Check The following procedure can be used to connect the scanning head to the readout console and verify that the LI 3000A is working properly 1 Connect the scanning head to the readout console while the ON OFF switch is OFF and then switch the ON OFF switch to ON A start up message Section III indicates which scanning head is calibrated to the console If the scanning head serial number does not match the serial number given in the start up message you will need to calibrate that head to the readout console using the built in autocalibration routine Section VI If the symbol Lo appears on the display see Recharging the Battery when the readout console is turned on the internal battery needs charging The low battery message is displayed when 1 hour of operational cap
25. es Operational Check necio aeaaee go EE E e RE a 2 1 Recharging the Batterye enre is eier i e 2 2 Using the Waist Stra Denese eisni alu 2 3 SECTION III Instrument Operation Power OM SEDA 3 1 BASIC Operation z 22141s0800 siri o u 3 1 Making Measurements emieieeeneeneeenenneoenenneenneneeeneneeeeneneee 3 5 Storing Data I Memory siascesisaccsssceat ih ovo rana EN 3 10 Menu Key ROUTINES 2 islo skaio vinou laka aa 3 16 Data Communications sissies irritiert raria 3 21 SECTION IV Operation with the LI 3100 Area Meter Operation with the LI 3100 Area Meter weeee 4 1 iii SECTION V Maintenance Cleaning the LED and Photodiode Windows mieeeee Cleaning the Length Encoding Cord Guide imneeeereneeee Length Encoding Cordiaceae aaae a EE ATE ERE rR EE S Knob Separation from the Length Encoding Cord e Battery Replacement 1 iseussveseate skon Internal FUSE sissies list kona Ara kadestas l k se Instrument Storage e E EE A EE ER EE Test Menu seeiis naan uh SECTION VI LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Setup and Adjustment esii e E dai ak cine Storage and Maintenance 0 eemeverneonneoenneonneeoeneonuneenneenneeene APPENDIX APPENDIX A LI 3000A Specifications imteree APPENDIX B LI 3050A Specifications eteeee WARRANTY OBTAIN
26. esulting in spurious counts it is preferable to clean the belt rather than to turn the CAL ADJ potentiometer If the belts do not track acceptably loosen the hex screws le Figure 8 on the front of the instrument and twist the upper pulley assembly To produce inward belt travel apply clockwise pressure to the upper pulley assembly 1f Figure 8 The opposite procedure is used for the lower pulley assembly Do not remove the screw Loosen them only enough so that they remain finger tight Probably no detectable movement will result as the rotation pressure is applied to the pulley assembly Tighten the screw and observe the belt track Adjust more as necessary Storage and Maintenance When the LI 3050A is not in operation place a block under one edge of the lower idler to remove tension from the lower belt Release tension from the upper belt also This prevents excessive belt stretching If the storage area is not very clean it is best to remove the belts prior to idle periods of more than a few days Wrap the belts in paper paper towels in a manner that prevents cohesion 6 3 LI 3050A 4 Belt Conveyor The transparent belts can be cleaned with warm water and hand dish washing detergent Do not lubricate the drive gears This will interfere with the optical switch part 141 which encodes the sample length 6 4 Appendix A LI 3000A Specifications Resolution 1 mm 1 mm x 1 mm scanning area Accuracy Within
27. g the following procedure 1 Turn both instruments off 2 Connect the 3000A 03 Interface Cable 9 pin connectors on each end to the LI 3100 and to the LI 3000A as shown in Figure 5 below The LI 3000A console can be connected directly to LI 3100 s with serial numbers LAM653 and above For units with serial numbers LAM652 and below the 3000A 04 Interface Kit is available includes the 3000A 03 Interface Cable NOTE The 3000A 04 Interface Kit requires an electronics technician for installation or it can be installed at LI COR by returning your instrument 3 Disconnect the LI 3000A scanning head Figure 5 LI 3000A console connected to the LI 3100 4 1 Operation with the LI 3100 4 Turn both instruments on IMPORTANT The LI 3000A console senses during power on whether the scanning head or the LI 3100 is connected It is important that the interface cable be connected to both instruments before the LI 3000A is powered on 5 After the start up messages see Basic Operation Section III you should set the LI 3100 resolution as explained at the end of Section III The LI 3000A console will now collect and display data as described in the Section III with the exception that the reset switch on the LI 3100 now has the same effect as pressing the CLEAR X key NOTE The LI 3100 output signal is a digital signal which is in a form that can be interpreted by the 3000A 01 Console The digital output is not an RS 232C out
28. he analog board Test thresh comp Allows checking of the comparator U11 threshold Master Reset Clears all data time date calibration Cal Pause Slows down calibration routine for troubleshooting Calibrate Sensor head calibration routine View Cal View the calibration Cal Edit Used to change the calibration data Print Cal Output the calibration to the RS 232C port To exit the TEST menu press any key except ENTER 7 or J TEST KEYBOARD The message keytest is momentarily displayed then the display will be blank When you press a key the display will show the row number and the column number of the pressed key The T key is 0 0 and the STORE Y key is 3 5 2 4 X 3rd row down 4th from the right Y This is the 6 or V key To exit this mode press any key three times or press all of the keys TEST DISPLAY The console will cycle through the display s character set If you want to quit before it finishes press any key HHPHHHHRHHPH HHH HEHEHE X Note that the first symbol displayed is Y the low battery symbol Lo Maintenance and Calibration TEST PROM This routine does a checksum test on the EPROM PROM OK X PROM passed the test Y Press any key to return to the menu TEST RAM This routine shows the size of the memory and gives it a test 32K RAM X 32K bytes memory OK Y Displayed after a few seconds Press any key to return to the menu Maintenance and Calibration TEST CLOC
29. ide and removing the seven screws on top of the scanning head The upper section housing is then raised straight upward The cord is rewound and threaded according to Figure 6 When the upper section housing is replaced do not use force 5 1 Maintenance and Calibration Figure 6 The length encoding cord passes from the take up reel around the encoding wheel Warning When replacing the upper section housing do not allow contact with the protruding edge of the LED scanner High temperature vacuum grease is used as a seal between the upper section housing and the base plate The grease is forced into the joint after the cover is attached Knob Separation from the Length Encoding Cord The length encoding cord will retract completely into the scanning head if the knob is removed The cord is retrieved by opening the upper housing Avoid continuous application of sharp angles at either end of the scanning head cord Battery Replacement As the internal battery ages the battery life will diminish 15 hours is normal Eventually the battery will fail to hold a charge and should be replaced If the battery is faithfully recharged when depleted it should last a number of years It is not recommended that a replacement battery model 5 2 Maintenance and Calibration number 3000A 05 be ordered until the battery life of the first battery starts to change noticeably If a replacement battery is ordered it should be installed immedia
30. ide the instrument The interior fuse AGC 2 amp fast blow type is mounted on the lower circuit board as shown in Figure 7 Use steps 1 through 5 under battery replacement to disassemble the case 5 3 Maintenance and Calibration Figure 7 Location of the internal fuse Instrument Storage The internal battery should always be fully charged before storage For long term storage the battery should be recharged every 3 months to prevent memory loss The LI 3000A should be stored in an area that is within the temperature range 20 to 55 C and has a relative humidity of 0 to 90 Test Menu The TEST key accesses a list of technician test and calibration routines TEST keyboard X 1 1 or ENTER Y These routines are generally used during the technician check out of the LI 3000A The list does however contain the calibration routine used to calibrate a scanning head to the LI 3000A console 5 4 Maintenance and Calibration Test keyboard Shows grid location of each pressed key Test DISPLAY Cycles through the character set Test prom Tests the EPROM Test ram Shows memory size and does a checksum test Test clock freq Used to measure the accuracy of the real time clock Test clock Displays date and time continually Test RS 232 out Test RS 232 inout Tests the output of the UART Tests the input and output of the UART Test lobatt Displays low battery symbol if battery is low Test speedup Allows checking of U3 on t
31. is connected The RX 80 continually sends XOFF characters TEST LOBATT The low battery symbol will appear if the battery is low y MG Press any key to return to the menu 5 8 Maintenance and Calibration TEST SPEEDUP S SPEEDUP TEST X S slow orF fast Y Tests component U3 on the analog board When the string is being pulled faster than 1 2 meter second then an F fast should appear When the instrument is in fast mode it no longer tries to update the display Instead it concentrates only on counting area The data is still 100 reliable and the newest data will be displayed once the string speed slows down TEST THRESH COMP This test sets the comparator threshold voltage so it can be measured THRESH COMP CAL X TP30 voltage set by calibration T i V or ENTER Y potentiometer on analog board 0 5V THRESH COMP 0 7V X TP30 0 7V X THRESH COMP 0 9V X TP30 0 9V Y THRESH COMP 1 0V X TP30 1 0V X 5 9 Maintenance and Calibration MASTER RESET Clears all data the time date and scanning head calibrations This test is equivalent to unplugging the battery It should be used if a new software program EPROM U4 digital board is installed CAL PAUSE Used to slow down the calibration routine for troubleshooting Cal Pause X a or ENTER Y Press ENTER to start the routine Cal Pa
32. mory in the instrument will be cleared 2 2 Preoperation Procedures Using the Waist Strap A waist strap has been provided so that the readout console can be worn around the waist for portable operation The waist strap is connected to the console using the screws found on the right and left sides of the console For maximum comfort the waist strap should be positioned so that the strap is about the same level as a belt on a pair of pants In this position the weight of the console will rest on the pelvic bones and not on the fleshy part of the back 2 3 Section III Instrument Operation Power On Before turning on the LI 3000A make the connections to the scanning head LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory or LI 3100 Area Meter At power up the console will automatically sense whether a scanning head or an LI 3100 is connected Basic Operation WHAT THE DISPLAY MEANS When first turned on the display of the LI 3000A will be as follows LI 3000A 01 00 X Briefly displays the software revision Y number 1 00 in this example Calibrated for Head Briefly displays scanning head serial 1611 number calibrated to the console x Label AREA Value 0 00 0 0 00 Y Samples 0 Accumulator 0 00 tal gt o o o p AR The value displayed on the upper line of the display the X line can be AREA cm2 LEN length of sample in cm AV WD average width in cm or MX WD maximum width in
33. n abused altered misused neglected involved in an accident or damaged by act of God or other casualty 4 The purchaser whether it is a DISTRIBUTOR or direct customer of LI COR or a DISTRIBUTOR S customer packs and ships or delivers the instrument to LI COR inc at LI COR inc s factory in Lincoln Nebraska U S A within 30 days after LI COR inc has received written notice of the defect Unless other arrangements have been made in writing transportation to LI COR inc by air unless otherwise authorized by LI COR inc is at customer expense 5 No charge repair parts may be sent at LI COR inc s sole discretion to the purchaser for installation by purchaser 6 LI COR inc s liability is limited to repair or replace any part of the instrument without charge if LI COR inc s examination disclosed that part to have been defective in material or workmanship There are no warranties express or implied including but not limited to any implied warranty of merchantability of fitness for a particular purpose on underwater cables or on expendables such as batteries and lamps Other than the obligation of LI COR inc expressly set forth herein LI COR inc disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose The foregoing constitutes LI COR inc s sole obligation and liability with respect to damages resulting from the use or performance of the instrument and in no event shall LI COR inc or its representa
34. ng Service for Your Instrument If after following the operational and maintenance procedures in the instruction manual you determine that your instrument is in need of service you can help assure efficient servicing by following these guidelines Some instrument problems can be resolved by discussing them with LI COR on the telephone If you would like to talk to someone about servicing your instrument before you return it please give us a call at 402 467 3576 e If you have a electronic technician available you may want to consider the 3000A SM Service Manual for the LI 3000A This manual contains the schematic diagrams component layouts and designator lists for the LI 3000A It is designed to isolate electronic problems to the scanning head or to a specific board in the console Contact LI COR for information on ordering circuit board replacements If you need to ship your instrument use the original shipping carton or a package that provides adequate protection The package should be insured for the value of the instrument against damage and loss We recommend that you ship your packages air freight for the best protection in the U S ship via air freight parcel post or United Parcel Service For customers outside the U S contact your local LI COR distributor or agent if any before returning your instrument If you would like someone from LI COR to contact you with a time or cost estimate before beginning your repair
35. nt that the length encoding cord must be pulled perpendicular to the row of 128 LEDs When the LED light is blocked by a sample the unit area 1 mm is accumulated on the display For example if a 20 x 100 mm sample is being measured 20 LEDs will be masked for 100 scans resulting in a display of 20 00 cm LEDs which are only partially blocked are also accounted for The calibration adjustment potentiometer CAL ADJ on the side of the console is adjusted at the factory so that 1 mm of area is accumulated on the display when the LED light is diminished by 50 or more The scanning head accurately measures irregularly shaped leaves or leaves with holes from insect damage As a hole in the leaf passes through the scanning head the photodiodes sense LED light and that LED location does not contribute to the area accumulating on the display until the LEDs are once again masked when the hole has passed The important aspect of this electronic measurement technique is that it requires that the light emitted from each of the 128 LEDs be uniform in intensity so that the 50 acceptance rejection threshold is consistent for each grid cell This is accomplished by the autocalibration software during the calibration process Instrument Calibration The scanning head is calibrated to the readout console at the factory using the LI 3000A s built in autocalibration routine Section V If a different scanning head is to be used the autocalibration
36. on and storage For example if you wish to store only accumulated measurements of all leaves on a plant set CLR X ON ADD to Y so that the X value is cleared after the area of each leaf is added to the Y value This eliminates having to press the white scanning head button or the CLEAR X key in between each leaf measurement Now assume that you wish to store the leaf area of each individual leaf and the total leaf area of the whole plant Two operations need to occur after each leaf is measured the individual leaf area data should be stored using the STORE X key and the individual leaf area data should be added to the Y value to collect the whole plant leaf area To accomplish this set the CLR X ON STORE prompt to No and the CLR X ON ADD prompt to Yes This assumes that you will press STORE X before ADD If you wish to press ADD before STORE X set CLR X ON ADD to No and CLR X ON STORE to Yes Normally it is advantageous to have the CLR Y ON STORE prompt set to Yes However you may find a need to store an accumulated value such as whole plant leaf area and continue to add new measurements afterward 3 20 Instrument Operation SET CLOCK 20 JUN 1988 X D MMM YYYY Y E 14 32 10 X EW HH MM SS Y Pressing ENTER without making any entries will leave the data or time unchanged To enter a new date or time type in the appropriate characters to match the indicated NEW format Valid entries fo
37. overall length 12 0 Weight 680 g 1 5 Ib Readout Control Unit Size 19 8 L x 15 5 W x 10 1 cm D 7 8 x 6 1 x 4 0 Weight 2 0 kg 4 4 1b Appendix B LI 3050A Specifications Resolution 1 mm 1 mm x 1 mm scanning area Accuracy Within 1 for samples gt 10 cm2 Sample Dimensions Width 127 mm maximum 1 mm minimum Thickness 7 5 mm maximum Length unlimited Conveyer Belt Speed 6 3 cm s at 60 Hz 5 4 cm s at 50 Hz Transparent Belts Rugged clear vinyl Power Requirement 108 126 216 252 VAC 48 to 66 Hz Operating Temperature 0 to 55 C Storage Temperature 20 to 65 C Size 27 9 H x 27 9 W x 38 1 cm L 11 0 x 11 0 x 15 0 Weight 7 7 kg 17 0 Ib A 2 Warranty Each LI COR inc instrument is warranted by LI COR inc to be free from defects in material and workmanship however LI COR inc s sole obligation under this warranty shall be to repair or replace any part of the instrument which LI COR inc s examination discloses to have been defective in material or workmanship without charge and only under the following conditions which are 1 The defects are called to the attention of LI COR inc in Lincoln Nebraska in writing within one year after the shipping date of the instrument 2 The instrument has not been maintained repaired or altered by anyone who was not approved by LI COR inc 3 The instrument was used in the normal proper and ordinary manner and has not bee
38. put and should not be connected to an RS 232C device 4 2 Section V Maintenance and Calibration Cleaning the LED and Photodiode Windows As debris collects on the scanning head windows insects dirt pollen etc spurious numbers will accumulate on the display when the length encoding cord is drawn This is detected by moving the cord when no sample object is located in the scanning head Clean the quartz windows with a moist paper towel or cloth Wiping the windows with a finger is usually adequate for field use Cleaning the Length Encoding Cord Guide A dust trap is located within the length encoding cord guide the plastic grommet through which the cord passes This trap reduces dust passage into the scanning head as the cord is retracted The cord guide should be unscrewed from the upper scanning head section and the felt trap cleaned or replaced The service frequency should be determined by experience under the most prevalent usage conditions The interval will range from seldom under laboratory conditions to daily in dusty or heavily pollinating crops Length Encoding Cord If the length encoding cord becomes lodged the problem is likely backlash This seldom occurs even if the cord is released and allowed to retract rapidly If the operator tends to push the cord into the head more rapidly than the system will retract then a slack cord occurs and backlash is more probable This is corrected by loosening the cord gu
39. r the months January through December are JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV and DEC respectively LI 3100 RESOLUTION This allows the user to tell the LI 3000A which resolution is being used on the LI 3100 It has no effect on measurements with the LI 3000A scanning head 3100 RES LOW X LOW or HI E or ENTER Y LOW is for 1 0 mm resolution and HI is for 0 1 mm resolution on the LI 3100 Data Communications Although each data file can be viewed on the display an RS 232C interface has been provided to transfer data to a printer or computer for analysis or storage 3 21 Instrument Operation GENERAL INFORMATION The RS 232C port is configured as Data Communication Equipment DCE so it transmits data on pin 3 and receives data on pin 2 When connecting to a device that is configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE such as most serial printers and desktop computers a straight thru cable is all that is needed included in the LI 3000A standard spare parts kit To communicate successfully with another DCE device a cable exchanging pins 2 and 3 and perhaps 6 and 20 as well would be needed The communication parameters baud rate parity etc of the LI 3000A can be set to match the receiving device using the SET I O routine in the Menu Key functions The LI 3000A can handshake in any combination of three ways it can look at pin 20 DTR pin 4 RTS and it supports XON XOFF SENDING
40. routine must be performed to calibrate the head to the console The autocalibration routine computes how much current each of the 128 LEDs requires in order to achieve a constant brightness These calibration values are retained as a table in the memory of the console 1 3 General Information IMPORTANT Scanning heads with serial numbers PAM196 and below require a specially configured LI 3000A Consoles so configured should NEVER be used with heads having serial numbers PAM197 and above Damage to these heads could result Similarly standard consoles should NEVER be used on heads with serial numbers PAM196 and below The only exception to this is if the area meter head with serial number PAM196 or below has been updated by LI COR It would then be treated as having a serial number greater than PAM196 and could then be used on a standard console THE CAL ADJUST POTENTIOMETER The calibration accuracy is effected by the CAL ADJ potentiometer as described in the theory section This potentiometer is adjusted at the factory to provide 2 accuracy for measurements with the scanning head or the scanning head with a transparent sheath The CAL ADJ potentiometer is adjusted by the user only when the LI 3000A is used with the LI 3050A Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory This adjustment is discussed in Section VI If the CAL ADJ potentiometer has been adjusted for use with the LI 3050A and it is also desired to use the LI 3000A in a portabl
41. rror message occurs power the LI 3000A off then back on Re check the scanning head to be sure it is cleaned and free of any debris Then do the calibration routine again If the error message persists contact LI COR There are three error messages as listed below 5 11 Maintenance and Calibration 2 LEDS FAILED ECAL CONT N WARNING NOI Some of the LEDs dipped below 0 7 volts OR LOW LEDS during the performance check NOTE The following information applies to calibrations for scanning heads with serial numbers 196 or below Read the note in the calibration discussion in Section I These heads require a specially configured console a jumper is changed and cannot automatically be calibrated by the console Instead their original calibration must be used With instruments having serial numbers 196 and below calibration is controlled by the head With instruments having serial numbers 197 and above calibration is controlled by the console Do a calibration using the special LI 3000A console The LED values will all be 2 s The console will think it has just calibrated the head but in reality the original head calibration is used VIEW CAL X Use and J to scroll through the file Y TeS 1337 X 2L 41 29 xX 5 12 Maintenance and Calibration The first LED is using a current level corresponding to 55 approximately 55 mA The possible
42. s such as those of alfalfa and small grasses can be removed from the plants and placed in a transparent sheath Elongated narrow leaves grasses etc are most accurately measured if they are passed through the scanning head at an angle to the line of LEDs instead of perpendicular In many cases the LI 3050A 4 Transparent Belt Conveyer Accessory Figure 5 will be the method of choice for measuring small objects and detached leaves The combination of the LI 3050A 4 and LI 3000A provides greater accuracy 1 than the LI 3000A alone 2 3 9 Instrument Operation Storing Data In Memory Readings can be stored in memory for later viewing or RS 232C output Stored readings can be any combination of the X register and the accumulated readings in the Y register When data is stored it automatically includes area length average width and maximum width Stored data is in a file system A file can be as large or as small as you wish A file must be opened before any data is stored Closing the file precludes adding any more data to that file Associated with each file is some header information a number assigned by the system a label entered by the user and the time and date the file was opened as kept by the system When output a file might look like this FILE 1 REM PLOT1 06 MAY 1990 14 22 30 ENTRY COUNT AREA LENGTH AV WIDTH MX WIDTH 1 0 42 37 13 10 3 23 5 12 2 5 344 20 120 00 2 87 3 10 3 2 84 48 26 80 3
43. se you will be shown the header of the selected file For a typical file the display would show LE 1 3 X File 1 has 3 entries EM PLOT YX AY Press the key to see the next part of the file header which is the date and time when the file was opened 3 14 Instrument Operation 06 JUN 1988 X 14 22 30 Y Press the J key again to view the first of the 3 entries 0 X Entry 1 of 3 has 0 counts e g it was A 42 37 Y stored from the X register HE WwW ARI The top line displays the ENTRY number 1 the total entries 3 and the COUNTS for that entry 0 indicating that it is an X value The bottom line displays AREA LEN AV WD or MX WD depending upon which has been selected using the AREA LEN AVE WIDTH or MAX WIDTH keys Try pressing these keys before proceeding Pressing 4 again will change to the second entry 5 X Entry 2 of 3 has 5 counts Ei N S w AR VIEW MODE KEY DEFINITIONS While viewing a file these keys will do the following things T and J Scroll up or down through a file VIEW Will prompt for a new file to view DEL Deletes the file that is currently displayed When the DEL is pressed the user is prompted DELE 1 N X Tl or ENTER Y To delete the file press the T key to change the N to a Y then press ENTER To continue without deleting the file just press ENTER Instrument Operation AREA LEN AVE WIDTH or MAX WIDTH
44. so area is recorded as the length encoding cord is moved If the cord is drawn or retracted at a rate greater than 1 m second an error message is displayed as described in Section III The error message can be cleared by pressing the CLEAR X key 3 wm Clear any logged area data by pressing the white reset switch located on the scanning head handle Recharging the Battery The LI 3000A uses a sealed lead acid battery This battery is rechargeable and gives about 15 hours of use The symbol Lo appears on the display as shown below when approximately 1 hour of battery life remains AREA 0 00 X After automatic shutdown enough power remains in the battery to maintain the memory for about 3 months To prevent memory loss the battery should be recharged every 3 months during storage To charge the battery slide the voltage selector on the readout console connector panel to the proper voltage Connect the power cord to the readout console and plug the cord into an AC source 115 230 VAC 50 60 Hz The battery should normally be charged overnight An automatic charging cutoff is provided to prevent overcharging The instrument may be operated while it is charging however the time needed to fully recharge the battery will be increased The LI 3000A s battery will not be harmed by continuous operation with AC power There is no internal backup battery so if the main battery is disconnected for more than 20 seconds all me
45. ss the scanning head button once to clear the X register before starting the measurement 6 Draw the closed scanning head over the leaf while the length encoding knob is held stationary Drawing speed need not be constant 7 After the scanning head has passed over the leaf let the length encoding cord slowly rewind itself back into the scanning head Figure 2 Operation Techniques Open the scanning head and place it over the leaf The length encoding knob is held against a stationary object such as a stem 3 6 Instrument Operation Close the scanning head at the leaf base Reset the instru ment by pressing the scanning head button once Draw the closed scanning head over the leaf apex to pass through completely Drawing speed need not be constant Figure 3 Soybean Measurement Instrument Operation USING A TRANSPARENT SHEATH A transparent sheath user supplied can be used to measure detached leaves and other objects that require sample support Figure 4 In order to gain proficiency using a transparent sheath measure several objects of known area such as graph paper cutouts If detached leaves are to be measured with a sheath make the measurements as soon as possible after harvesting with the samples kept moist to prevent shrinkage or curling of the leaf margins Measurements with a transparent sheath can be accomplished using the following steps 1 Make sure the sheath is clean and then me
46. t Begin each plot with a cleared Y and X register and press ADD after each leaf When done with a plot press STORE Y When done your file will have 3 13 Instrument Operation 10 entries one for each plot and the COUNT for each entry will reflect the total number of leaves measured Before you decide on how to structure your data files you may also want to consider the potential of loosing some of your data If the console is switched OFF or if it automatically shuts itself off due to inactivity the current X and Y values will be lost Any data which is stored in a data file the result of pressing STORE X or STORE Y is safe even if the data file is not closed The greatest potential for loss occurs when a large number of measurements are added to the accumulator Y register before they are stored in a data file The configuration of the LI 3000A can be changed to facilitate rapid data storage This is accomplished using the CONFIG REGISTERS routine that is discussed in the section titled Menu Key Routines VIEWING FILES ON THE DISPLAY The VIEW key allows you to look at the contents of any stored file When the VIEW key is pressed you will be prompted for the file number of the file to be viewed VIEW FILE X NUM Y Enter the file number to be viewed If you enter a file number for which there 1s no file the display will show FILE NOT FOUND X Y and return to the normal display Otherwi
47. tely to prevent it from deteriorating in storage To perform the change you will need the 3 16 nut driver included with the instrument a standard screwdriver and a long nose pliers Take the following steps 1 Unplug the AC power cord and use an anti static work station while changing the battery 2 Remove the 4 screws on the edges of the cover and carefully lift it off Disconnect the keypad cable from the circuit board 3 Remove the 4 hex screws from the 25 pin RS 232C connector and the 9 pin LI 3100 connector 4 Remove the 4 outermost screws on the bottom outside of the box 5 Slide out the circuit board assembly 6 Unplug the battery and quickly plug in a new one CAUTION If the battery is unplugged for more than 20 seconds the data date time and calibration may be lost 7 Unplug the other connections on the circuit board assembly and separate it from the box 8 Remove the 2 battery bracket screws from the bottom outside of the box 9 Install the battery bracket on the new battery 10 Reassemble by performing the above steps in the reverse order Internal Fuse If nothing happens when the LI 3000A is turned on turn the instrument off plug in the AC power cord and turn it on again If the LI 3000A is still unresponsive check the AC fuse AGC 0 5 amp fast blow type on the outside of the instrument If replacing the AC fuse still does not cause the instrument to function properly check the fuse ins
48. tives be liable for damages beyond the price paid for the instrument or for direct incidental or consequential damages The laws of some locations may not allow the exclusion or limitation on implied warranties or on incidental or consequential damages so the limitations herein may not apply directly This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may already have other rights which vary from state to state All warranties that apply whether included by this contract or by law are limited to the time period of this warranty which is a twelve month period commencing from the date the instrument is shipped to a user who is a customer or eighteen months from the date of shipment to LI COR inc s authorized distributor whichever is earlier This warranty supersedes all warranties for products purchased prior to June 1 1984 unless this warranty is later superseded DISTRIBUTOR or the DISTRIBUTOR s customers may ship the instruments directly to LI COR if they are unable to repair the instrument themselves even though the DISTRIBUTOR has been approved for making such repairs and has agreed with the customer to make such repairs as covered by this limited warranty Further information concerning this warranty may be obtained by writing or telephoning Warranty manager at LI COR inc IMPORTANT Please return the User Registration Card enclosed with your shipment so that we have an accurate record of your address Thank you Obtaini
49. upport blocks while the belts are moving Only lower scanning head support blocks when the scanning head is about to be removed 6 1 LI 3050A 4 Belt Conveyor Figure 9 Scanning Head Installation 6 2 LI 3050A 4 Belt Conveyor Connect the LI 3050A cord into LI 3050A connector on the side panel of the LI 3000A The LI 3000A must be turned off or unplugged during this step Check the 115 230 voltage selection switch before turning on the LI 3000A The LI 3050A is turned on and off by the power switch on the LI 3000A There is not a separate power switch on the LI 3050A Plug the LI 3000A into the proper AC source and turn on the instrument Reset the system by pressing the white button 1d Figure 8 located above the LI 3050A sample hopper Pressing the reset button has the same effect as pressing CLEAR X on the keypad Allow the 10 cm or 50 cm calibration disk to pass through the scanning head Either catch the disk as it passes out of the system or place a pad on the instrument case Failure to do this will eventually cause damage to the finish The calibration accuracy is adjusted by turning the CAL ADJ potentiometer on the console using a small screwdriver see LI 3000A Theory of Operation The resulting reading should be very near 10 cm2 The purpose of the CAL ADJ potentiometer is not to calibrate out spurious counts on a belt system but rather to provide 1 accuracy on a clean belt If the belt is dirty r
50. use N X This will pause the calibration after all A or ENTER v LED values are determined 1 Press and then ENTER to set the pause prompt to Yes Y Cal Pause Y X This will pause the calibration after each T M A or ENTER Y LED value isdetermined Press ENTER to exit the routine CALIBRATE The calibration routine must be done if a different scanning head is to be used with the LI 3000A Read the warning under the INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION heading in Section I of this manual Before proceeding with this test make sure the scanning head is cleaned and that nothing is blocking any of the LEDs Maintenance and Calibration xX Enter the sensor head serial number Y The serial number entered at this prompt is used in the start up message Calibrated for Head xxxx given when the LI 3000A is turned on ER REMARK X X Shows the LED that is currently being Y calibrated 0 to 127 15 shown The PRECAL procedure is a first pass to approximately adjust the LED values The current of each LED is increased until its brightness provides a 1 0 volt signal Each LED is calibrated 4 times and then averaged At this point an error message will be displayed if a problem occurred during calibration Error messages are discussed below CAL DONE X The calibration was successful and it PRESS KEY Y passed its performance check Error Messages If an e
51. utton on the scanning head twice after each leaf When done with the plant press STORE Y Repeat for the other 4 plants on the plot When done with the plot press FILE to close the file At that point you will have 5 entries in the file each one being the total leaf area of each of the 5 plants sampled The COUNT column on each line would tell you how many leaves per plant were measured The file for one plot might look something like this FILE 2 REM TEST PLOT 2 08 MAY 1988 14 19 30 ENTRY COUNT AREA LENGTH AV WIDTH MX WIDTH 1 7 246 68 45 10 3 23 5 12 2 5 125 20 35 60 2 87 3 10 3 4 84 48 26 80 3 15 6 02 4 9 344 20 120 00 4 67 6 10 5 5 140 69 47 32 3 56 5 72 Another approach would be to have one file per plant giving you 50 files when done When measuring a plant press STORE X and ADD after each leaf measurement After the last leaf on the plant is measured press STORE Y to store the accumulated leaf area for that plant and then close the file In order to know which plant goes with which plot use the file remarks to record that information The file for one plant might look like this FILE 3 REM PLOT 2 5 09 MAY 1988 14 25 30 ENTRY COUNT AREA LENGTH AV WIDTH MX WIDTH 1 0 42 37 13 10 3 23 5 12 2 0 44 20 12 90 2 87 3 10 3 0 24 48 9 78 3 15 3 67 4 0 29 50 10 20 2 83 2 98 5 0 34 86 11 50 2 32 2 76 6 0 19 33 8 60 2 14 2 56 7 6 194 74 66 08 2 76 5 12 Still another approach is to use one file for the entire data se
52. w add the X value to the Y value by pressing ADD The display will change to AREA 0 00 X 1 158 92 Y LEI 3 3 Cleared after ADD 1 value now in the accumulator Instrument Operation Note that the X value clears after pressing ADD this feature can be disabled and is discussed later and that the sample counter on the bottom left increments by one 6 Pull the string again to measure another sample X The new sample Y 7 Add the new X value to the Y value by pressing ADD A 0 00 X 2 values in the accumulator 2 278 98 Y ARI LEI 8 Pull the string again to measure a third value AREA 21 46 X The third sample 2 278 98 Y LEI 9 Subtract the last value added to the Y register by pressing SUB AREA 21 46 X The third sample is still displayed T 158 92 X Note that 120 06 was subtracted LEI Since the last value added was 120 06 that was what was removed from the Y value The X value remains unchanged If you press SUB again it will have no effect since the last entered value has already been removed 3 4 Instrument Operation SCANNING HEAD BUTTON The white button on the LI 3000A scanning head has 2 uses Pressing once will clear the X register same as pressing CLEAR X Pressing the button twice in quick succession adds the X value to the Y value just like pressing ADD PULLING THE STRING TOO FAST If you ever pull the string too fast the message PULLING TO

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