HP Color LaserJet 1600 Service Manual - ENWW
Contents
1. GION3TIOS 1 jeu amp is 3AIHQ HOLOW Figure 4 12 Paper pickup and feed system Registration paper sensor SR1 Cassette paper sensor SR2 Manual feed slot paper sensor SR3 Partshere Troubleshooting www partshere com SR4 Fuser delivery paper sensor SR5 Pre fuser paper sensor SR8 Paper width sensor SR9 Pressure alienation sensor M1 Main motor M2 Fuser Delivery motor M3 Pickup motor SL1 Cassette pickup solenoid SL2 Magenta cyan and yellow developing cylinder drive solenoid SL3 Black developing cylinder drive solenoid Manual feed slot pickup mechanism This mechanism picks up one sheet of paper only that is inserted into the manual feed slot and then into the printer This printer does not have a pickup roller in the manual feed slot Instead of a pickup roller the registration roller picks up paper The presence of paper in the manual feed slot is detected by the manual feed slot paper sensor SR3 The following is the operational sequence of the manual feed slot pickup 1 If paper is set into the manual feed slot during STBY mode the manual feed slot paper sensor SR3 detects it 2 When the paper is detected the DC controller drives the pickup motor for 5 seconds The paper is fed approximately 5 mm 0 2 inch and is then caught by the registration roller 3 After the above operational sequence the paper is fe2. For more information see Clearing jams on page 100 www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Solenoid motor and fan locations The following illustration shows the locations of the solenoids motor and fan 3 5 Figure 4 14 Location of solenoids motors and fans 1 Pickup solenoid SL1 2 Magenta cyan and yellow developing cylinder drive solenoid SL2 3 Black developing cylinder drive solenoid SL3 4 Main motor M1 5 Fusing delivery motor M2 6 Pickup motor M3 7 Fan FM1 Printed circuit assembly locations The following illustration shows the locations of the printed circuit assemblies Location of the printed circuit assemblies and list of parts are also identified in Figure 7 11 PCB assembly location Tray 2 on page 186 www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Figure 4 15 Location of printed circuit assemblies 1 DC controller PCB 2 Low voltage power supply PCB 3 High voltage power supply PCB 4 Memory controller PCB 250 sheet tray solenoid and printed circuit locations The following illustration shows the locations of the 250 sheet tray solenoid and printed circuit assembly www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Figure 4 16 Location of 250 sheet tray solenoid and printed circuit assembly 1 Paper feeder PCB 2 Paper feeder pickup solenoid SL 4 3 Paper pickup feeder unit www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting
3. Service only tools service only hart iming c General t ____ rano BEEN e ee mazz zemoay BR 815 9151 NO YMS 1ejsueit 2 le seig le seig Buidoje eq seig seig 275 plousjog xa 275 Japu AOW 115 dn xptd EW 1010 dn yotd ZW 10104 SIN 1euueoS PW 10301 1euueos rede LIN 100 ureiw pes py uo sjuuud eannoesuoo om 104 ueuo LUVHO ONIWIL TVAANAD Partshere Troubleshooting www partshere com Printer calibration Calibration settings are configured with Printer Management Language PML Printer Job Language PJL commands except for new cartridge installation Calibration can also be configured using the HP Toolbox Calibration occurs during the following conditions and intervals e Power on calibration Calibration during power on can be configured for the following intervals e Always calibrate at power on e Never calibrate at power on e Calibrate after 1 6 minutes default is 15 minutes of idle time
4. Partshere Troubleshooting To better help our customers this HP Laserjet 1600 series troubleshooting page is simply a guide additional information for your convenience as you search for assistance in repairing your machine Although this information is provided for your convenience it is recommended for the most part that a technician inspects your office equipment It is recommended to consult with a professional when ordering your printer part s Chapter contents Shop with us while you troubleshoot HP oem parts Managing and maintenance HP LaserJet maintenance kits Managing supplies Toners for your printer Cleaning the printer HP fuser assembly units HP fuser kit 110v amp 220v Operational theory Parts assemblies for printers Engine control system Calibrating the printer Service maintenance parts Color laserJet printers LaserJet printers and parts Hard to find officejet parts Hard to find deskjet parts User friendly Image formation system Pickup and feed system Service only tools service only www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Managing and maintenance This chapter contains information about the following topics e Managing supplies e Cleaning the printer e Calibrating the printer www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Managing supplies Life expectancies of replacement supplies Table 3 1 Replacement print cartridge life Replacemen
5. AC bias in order to make the toner jump easier onto the drum surface and improve the contrast of the output image This printer is able to adjust the image density by changing the potential difference between the cylinder and the photosensitive drum surface according to changes of the developing DC bias based on the IMAGE DENSITY INFORMATION signal sent from the formatter The developing sheet improves the print quality and also prevents toner scattering Print cartridge The cartridge forms a visible toner image on the photosensitive drum There are four print cartridges magenta cyan yellow and black each having identical structure www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting DC controller PCB Memory controller PCB Primary charging roller Photosensitive drum MAIN MOTOR DRIVE signal Main motor Memory tag Developing cylinder Developing cylinder drive solenoid Toner feed roller Stirrer plate Figure 4 7 Print cartridge structure Transfer belt ETB The ETB unit feeds paper as well as transfers toner onto the paper The ETB unit consists of the ETB ETB feed roller ETB driven roller and color misregistration density sensor unit As the main motor rotates the ETB feed roller the ETB feed roller rotates the ETB belt The transfer roller and the ETB driven roller are engaged with the ETB During printing the picked up paper is conveyed in between the ETB and the photosensi
6. HP policy on non HP supplies Hewlett Packard Company cannot recommend the use of non HP supplies either new or remanufactured Because they are not HP products HP cannot influence their design or control their quality Service or repairs required as a result of using a non HP supply will not be covered under the printer warranty When you insert a supply into the printer the printer will inform you if the supply is not a genuine HP supply If you insert a genuine HP supply that has reached the low state from another HP printer the printer identifies the supply as non HP Simply return the supply to the original printer to reactivate HP features and functionality HP anti counterfeit Web site Visit the HP anti counterfeit Web site at http www hp com go anticounterfeit if the supplies status gauges or HP Toolbox indicates that the print cartridge is not an HP print cartridge and you think that itis genuine www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Cleaning the printer During the printing process paper toner and dust particles can accumulate inside the printer Over time this buildup can cause print quality problems such as toner specks or smearing This printer has a cleaning mode that can correct and prevent these types of problems AABbGc AaBbCc AaBbCc AaBbCc AaBbCc AaBb c AaBhCc AaBbCc This printer has two processes for generating cleaning pages one is automatic
7. Press El Select 3 Press 2 Left arrow Right arrow until the display reads PRINT QUALITY 4 Press E Select 9 Press Left arrow amp Right arrow until the display reads CALIBRATE COLOR 6 Press 5 Select 7 Press E Left arrow or E Right arrow until the display reads CALIBRATE NOW 8 Press 4 Select 9 Press Ei Select to confirm CALIBRATE NOW To calibrate the printer from the HP Toolbox 1 Open the HP Toolbox one of these ways e On the desktop double click the HP Toolbox icon e On the Start menu point to Programs point to HP point to HP Color LaserJet 1600 and click HP Color LaserJet 1600 Toolbox 2 Click the Troubleshooting tab and then click Troubleshooting Tools on the left side of the screen 3 In the Calibration section click CALIBRATE NOW www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Operational theory This chapter contains information about the following topics e Engine control system e Image formation system e Pickup and feed system e Service only tools service only www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Engine control system Basic sequence of operation The operational sequence of the printer is controlled by the microcomputer on the DC controller printed circuit board PCB The purposes of each period from power on until the main motor stops after the completion of p
8. after the first job since the printer was turned on or 12 24 48 96 or 168 hours default is 48 hours of idle time e Page count calibration Calibration occurs at the end of the first job that passes 150 color pages since the previous calibration occurred Page count calibration settings can be configured for the following intervals e Do not do page count calibrations e Calibrate after 150 pages have been printed since the last calibration This is the default setting e Elapsed time calibration Elapsed time calibration will occur when the first job is sent after the elapsed time is exceeded Use PML PJL commands to configure the following intervals e Do not perform elapsed time calibration e X After 12 24 48 96 168 hours default is 48 hours or more have elapsed since the last calibration or power on and after 1 6 minutes default is 15 minutes of idle time from the first job after 12 24 48 96 or 168 hours default is 48 hours have elapsed e On demand calibration Calibrate the printer using the printer control panel For more information about printer calibration see Printer calibration on page 146 New consumable calibration When a new print cartridge is installed the printer will calibrate ET NOTE When a new black print cartridge is replaced a cleaning page will print before the printer calibrates If printing stops when the cartridge is out requiring the user to either install
9. a new cartridge or select to print with toner out override a calibration will not occur until the depleted cartridge is replaced printing resumes and all jobs currently in the queue are finished or cancelled This could result in an interval of several pages where a new cartridge is using the old cartridge s calibration data www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Calibrating the printer at the control panel Use the following steps to calibrate the printer using the printer control panel 1 Use the Left arrow or the Right arrow button to select SYSTEM SETUP and then press 5 Select 2 Use the amp Left arrow or the Right arrow button to select PRINT QUALITY and then press Select CALIBRATE COLOR will display the control panel 3 Press E Select 4 Use the Left arrow or the EE Right arrow button to select CALIBRATE NOW and then press amp Select Press amp Select to start the calibration www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting
10. ally generated and one is manually generated When a new black print cartridge is installed a cleaning page will be automatically generated prior to calibration To manually generate a cleaning page see To clean the fuser using HP Toolbox on page 33 To clean the printer at the printer NOTE If you have access to HP Toolbox HP recommends cleaning the paper path by using HP Toolbox Use the following procedure to clean the printer at the printer 1 Use the amp Left arrow or Right arrow button to select Service and then press 4 2 Use the amp Left arrow or E Right arrow button to select Cleaning Mode and then press Select 5 Select A page feeds through the printer slowly Discard the page when the process is completed www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting To clean the fuser using HP Toolbox ET NOTE Use the following procedure to clean the fuser using the HP Toolbox To clean the engine when the computer is running an operating system that does not support HP Toolbox see the late breaking Readme on the root of the CD ROM or visit http www hp com support clj1600 1 sure that the printer is turned on and in the Ready state 2 Open the HP Toolbox 3 Onthe Troubleshooting tab click Troubleshooting Tools and then click Print A page with a pattern prints from the printer 4 Atthe printer remove any print media in Tray 2 or opti
11. aser scanner system The laser scanner system forms latent images on the photosensitive drum according to the VIDEO signals sent from the formatter It consists of the laser driver PCB the scanner motor and so forth The figure below illustrates the laser scanner unit p Exposed area Laser beam Unexposed area Figure 4 5 Laser beam exposure Developing stage The electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum surface is visualized by applying the toner in this process This printer utilizes the projection development method by the non magnetic single component toner www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Developing sheet Photosensitive drum Developing blade Toner feed roller Figure 4 6 Developing stage The toner has an insulating property and has negative charge potential from friction with the rotating developing cylinder and the developing blade surface The area of the photosensitive drum where the laser beam is exposed has higher potential than the toner which is charged negatively on the cylinder When this area contacts the toner layer negatively charged the toner jumps onto the drum surface by the potential difference between the drum surface and the cylinder higher potential on drum side This is called the projection development and it visualizes the electrostatic latent image on the drum The developing cylinder is applied the
12. d by the drive of the registration roller Paper feed mechanism This mechanism feeds one sheet of picked up paper to the fuser There is a paper width sensor in the paper transport path to prevent temperature rise at the end of the fuser It detects paper with widths of shorter than 190 mm 7 5 inches The following is the operational sequence of paper feed 1 Paper skew is corrected by the registration shutter when the paper is fed into the printer 2 Toner is transfered to the paper from the photosensitive drum and then the paper is fed to the fuser delivery stage Skew correction by the registration shutter If the paper fed into the printer is skewed when it hits the registration shutter it will be adjusted Figure 4 13 Skew correction on page 52 illustrates how skewed paper is corrected by the registration shutter www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Figure 4 13 Skew correction Jam detection This printer is provided with the following paper detection sensors to detect the presence of paper and whether or not the paper feed is operating normally e Registration paper sensor SR1 e Pre fuser paper sensor SR5 e Fuser delivery paper sensor SR4 The CPU determines a paper jam by checking whether or not paper is present at the sensor at the check timing The check timing is stored in the memory of the CPU If the CPU determines a jam it stops the print operation and notifies the formatter of a jam occurrence
13. e or online To check and order supplies using HP Toolbox You can configure HP Toolbox to notify you when the supplies are low You can choose to receive alerts by e mail or as a pop up message or taskbar icon To order supplies using the HP Toolbox in the Other Links area click Order supplies You must have Internet access to connect to the Web site www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Storing supplies Follow these guidelines for storing print cartridges Do not remove the print cartridge from its package until you are ready to use it CAUTION prevent damage do not expose the print cartridge to light for more than a few minutes e See Environmental specifications on page 273 for operating and storage temperature ranges e Store the supply in a horizontal position e Store the supply in a dark dry location away from heat and magnetic sources Replacing and recycling supplies Replacing the print cartridges To install a new HP print cartridge follow the instructions that are included on the box that contains the new supply or see the Getting Started Guide To recycle supplies place the used supply in the box in which the new supply arrived Use the enclosed return label to send the used supply to HP for recycling For complete information see the recycling guide that is included with each new HP supply item Go to http www hp com go recycle for more information about HP s recycling program
14. ne control system contains the following components E DC controller PCB e Low voltage power supply unit e High voltage power supply PCB www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Engine control system DC controller PCB Formatter Low voltage power supply unit High voltage power supply PCB Figure 4 1 Engine control system Power on sequence The power on sequence is for the purpose of the printer initialization and checking for possible malfunctions The following is the sequence from when the printer is turned on until it enters STBY mode 1 B Jom lt gt 10 11 Power on Central processing unit CPU initialization ASIC initialization Video interface communication start Residual paper check by each sensor signaling paper presence Initial drive for main motor pickup motor and fuser delivery motor Fuser heater initial drive by controlling fuser temperature targeting for 100 C Initial drive for scanner motor Failure Abnormality check e Detect scanner failure e Fuser failure e Door open during the above periods Communication with memory tag Cartridge presence detection Motors and fans The DC controller PCB controls four motors www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting The specifications of each motor are listed in the following table Table 4 2 Motor specifications Name Purpose Type Direction of Failure detec
15. nit and the high voltage power supply PCB to form an image on paper according to the VIDEO signals VDO VDO upon reception of a print command from the formatter There is a memory tag inside each cartridge The memory tags read and write data according to the command from the DC controller The following figure illustrates the image formation system www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Fuser pressure roller Photosensitive drum Laser beam Transfer roller Primary charging roller exo Laser Scanner unit M VDO4 VDO4 a VDO3 VDO3 VDO2 VDO2 Y N VDO1 VDO1 Developing cylinder Memory tag Memory controller PCB Print command Formatter 1 DC controller PCB High voltage power VIDEO signals Figure 4 2 Image formation system www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Image formation process Fuser block Photosensitive Photosensitive drum 5 Separation Electrostatic latent 1 Primary charging image formation block 2 Laser beam exposure 3 Development Registration Development block Print paper path Cassette pick up 4 Direction of rotation Manual feed pick up Figure 4 3 Image formation process www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting The principal process of image formation is described here The print process can be broadly divided int
16. o 5 stages with 7 steps A toner image is formed on paper as it goes through each process The following figure illustrates the stages and steps of the print process as follows 1 Electrostatic latent image formation stage Forms an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum Step 1 Primary charging Step 2 Laser beam exposure Developing stage Makes the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum surface visible by applying toner Step 3 Development Transfer stage Transfers a toner image on the photosensitive drum onto paper Step 4 Transfer Step 5 Separation Fuser stage Fuses the toner image on paper Step 6 Fuser ETB cleaning stage Cleans the residual toner on the photosensitive drum Step 7 ETB cleaning Latent image formation This stage consists of two steps and forms an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum When the last step in this stage is completed a negative electrical charge remains in the unexposed drum surface area by the laser beam and is removed from the exposed area The image with negative charge on the drum is called an electrostatic latent image as it is invisible to human eyes www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting 1004 Unexposed area Surface potential V 5004 Primary Laserbeam Transfer Primary charging exposure step 4 charging step1 step2 step1 Figure 4 4 Latent image formation L
17. onal Tray 5 Remove the page that printed and load it face down into Tray 2 or optional Tray 3 6 Onthe Troubleshooting Tools page click the Clean button Cleaning spilled toner Defective print cartridges can develop leaks Also after a paper jam has occurred some toner might remain on the rollers and guides inside the printer The pages that print immediately after the jam can pick up this toner CAUTION When cleaning the printer do not touch the ETB with a damp cloth or with your fingers www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Calibrating the printer The printer automatically calibrates at various times You can adjust the calibration settings by using the HP Toolbox Environmental differences or aging print cartridges might cause fluctuations in image density The printer accounts for this with image stabilization control The printer automatically calibrates at various times to maintain the highest level of print quality You can also request a calibration by using the HP Toolbox The printer does not interrupt a print job to calibrate It waits until the job is complete before calibrating or cleaning While the printer is calibrating it pauses printing for the time that is required to complete the calibration To calibrate the printer at the printer 1 To calibrate from the printer press Left arrow Ti Right arrow until the display reads SYSTEM SETUP 2
18. rinting are listed below See General timing chart on page 56 for a detailed timing chart Table 4 1 Basic operational sequence Period Purpose Remarks WAIT wait period From power on until the end of the main motor initial drive Detects whether or not the print cartridge is installed To clear the drum surface potential and to clean the ETB STBY standby period From the end of WAIT or LSTR until the input of print command from the formatter Or from the end of LSTR until power off To keep the printer ready to print INTR initial rotation period From the input of print command from the formatter until the pick up solenoid is turned on To stablize the photosensitive drum sensitivity for print preparation PRINT print period From the end of INTR until the developing high voltage is off To form the image on the photosensitive drum based on the VIDEO signals input from the formatter and to transfer the toner image onto paper LSTR last rotation period From the developing high voltage off until the main motor stops rotating To deliver the last page completely Also used to clean the ETB The printer enters INTR after the end of LSTR when the print command is input from the formatter The engine control system coordinates all printer functions It drives the laser scanner system the image formation system and the pickup and feed system The engi
19. s are part of the pickup and feed system e Manual feed slot paper sensor SR3 detects the presence of paper in the manual feed slot e Cassette paper sensor SR2 detects the presence of paper in the cassette e DC controller controls the following to drive each feed roller Main motor M1 Fuser delivery motor M2 Pickup motor M3 Solenoid SL1 Solenoid SL2 Solenoid SL3 e Photo sensors SR1 SR4 and SR5 on the paper transport path detect the arrival and passage of paper SR9 detects the fuser pressure roller alienation in the fuser SR8 detects the paper width The figure below illustrates the motors solenoids and sensors ET NOTE There is a short pause before the paper is picked up www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting DC controller PCB 6664 Hee ep pp ee SNSLSO reu amp is 3113SSv2 SNSLO1Sd LOTS Q334 WNNNVIN 3AIHQ HOLOW AYSAIISd 3S3 SNSDay reuBis NOILWHLSIDAY SNSMd 1 HLGIM H3dVd SNSdOO7 reu amp is H3Sn3 3u8d SNSGJ reuf amp is AH3Ar13a YASNA SNSSHdus reuf amp is 3unssaud reu amp is 105 3AIHG SNIdOT3A3G 1 euss CION310S 3AIHG H3QNI1AO SNIdOT3A3G AON 3AIHQ HOLOW NIV 1Sdq333 reu amp is
20. t print cartridge life based on approximately 5 Black 2 500 pages coverage Yellow cyan and magenta 2 000 pages each Checking and ordering supplies You can check the supplies status by using the printer control panel printing a Supplies Status page or viewing the HP Toolbox Hewlett Packard recommends that you place an order for a replacement print cartridge when you first receive the Order message for a print cartridge For typical use the Order message indicates that approximately two weeks of life remains When you use a new authentic HP print cartridge you can obtain the following types of supplies information e Amount of cartridge remaining e Estimated number of pages remaining e Number of pages printed Other supplies information e EA NOTE When the printer is directly connected to a computer you can set HP Toolbox to notify you when supplies are low To check status using the control panel Do one of the following e Check the supplies status gauges on the printer control panel These gauges indicate when a print cartridge is low or empty The lights also indicate when a non HP print cartridge is first installed e Toprint the Supplies Status page from the printer on the printer control panel select Reports Supplies Status and then 5 Select See Supplies Status page on page 132 for more information If the supplies levels are low you can order supplies through your local HP dealer by telephon
21. tion rotation Motor Main motor M1 Drive ETB belt DC motor CW Yes photosensitive drum and developing cylinder Fuser delivery Drive fuser Stepping motor CW CCW No motor M2 pressure roller delivery roller and automatic release of fuser pressure Pickup motor Drive pickup roller Stepping motor Cw No and registration roller Fan FM1 Cool down around DC motor Yes cartridge Main motor failure detection The CPU determines the main motor failure stops the printer and notifies the formatter of error status when it encounters the following conditions e Main motor start up abnormality The interval of the MAIN MOTOR SPEED DETECTION signal IMAINMFG does not become the specified interval after 1000 ms of the main motor drive start e Main motor rotation abnormality The interval of the MAINMFG signal stays at an irregular interval for 100 ms and longer after once it has become the specified interval Fan motor failure detection The CPU determines the fan motor failure and notifies the formatter when it encounters the following condition The FAN LOCK signal FANLCK is H for approximately 10 seconds and longer during fan motor rotation www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Image formation system The image formation system serves as the nerve center of the printer and forms a toner image on paper It is controlled by the DC controller The DC controller controls the laser scanner u
22. tive drum and simultaneously the toner image is transferred onto the paper The ETB is also used for color misregistration corrective control and the image stabilization control The pattern image for the color misregistration or image density determination is transferred onto the belt This pattern image is read in the color misregistration density sensor unit The following is the diagrammatic sketch of the ETB unit www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting DC controller PCB MAIN MOTOR DRIVE signal Main motor ETB feed roller Direction of belt rotation Transfer roller ETB driven roller Figure 4 8 ETB unit Transfer stage The transfer stage is to transfer the toner image on the photosensitive drum surface onto paper ETB belt Transfer roller Z DC bias 777 Photosensitive drum Figure 4 9 Transfer stage www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting The toner on the photosensitive drum surface is transferred onto the paper according to the positive charge from the back side of the paper Each color s toner image is transferred in order of M C Y and K and forms one toner image overlaying one color s image on another Separation stage ETB belt Paper 4 Static charge eliminator Photosensitive drum Figure 4 10 Separation stage The paper is separated from the drum by its elasticity Curvature Separation The static charge on the back side of the paper is decreased
23. with the electrostatic eliminator in order to stablize the feeding operation and prevent the crescent spots of printing image under the low temperature and low humidity environment Fusing stage The toner image is fused onto the paper in this stage The toner image transferred onto the paper through the transfer stage can be smeared easily by hands since it is only attracted to the paper by the static electricity The paper and the toner on it are fused by pressure fused and secondary colored by heat to be a permanent image Paper Fuser pressure roller Fuser film ND DC bias S a l l Fuser heater Figure 4 11 Fusing stage The toner image on the paper is fused onto the paper by using the on demand fuser method in this step This printer utilizes the ceramic heater with lower heat capacity which warms up quickly does www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting not require the power supply during STBY mode and saves energy As for the printer the DC positive bias is applied to the fuser pressure roller so the transferred toner stays harder on the paper and toner scattering to the fuser film offset is prevented www partshere com Partshere Troubleshooting Pickup and feed system The pickup feed system which picks up and feeds paper consists of the various feed rollers This printer has two pickup sources the cassette and the manual feed slot and one delivery source the face down tray The following component
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