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Model 2400 - Valhalla Scientific, Inc

1. Main supply Bued hIqUasSsy uorjdp Fixation of Option Cables Figure 7 3 Cable Separator E apart Tight dus m na dadHd 23990 km ira d SAREE 7 4 7 3 7 b c R E Ne o 2 OUTPUT CONNECTORS RS 232 Connector Tr DUTTTTI s a a 6 Printer Output Connector DCD Data Carrier Detect RxD TxD DTR Received Data Transmitted Data Data Terminal Ready GrdSignal Ground DSR Data Set Ready RTS RNG Ring 9000000000000 Strobe Data Bit 0 Data Bit 1 Data Bit 2 Data Bit 3 Data Bit 4 Un BR WN Analog in and Analog Output Connector ANO Analog Input 0 AN2 Analog Input 2 Grd Signal Ground ANS Analog Input 5 AN7 Analog Input 7 Aoutl Analog Output 1 Aout3 AUXI AUX3 Analog Output 3 Auxiliary IN OUTI Auxiliary IN OUT 3 12V DC Option 04 12V DC Option 04 Supply Ground Option 04 Supply Ground Option 04 7 5 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Request To Send CTS Clear To Send 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Data Bit 5 Data Bit 6 Data Bit 7 Acknowledge Busy Paper Empty Select NC Error NC NC 25 Ground ANI Analog Input 1 AN3 Analog Input 3 ANA Analog Input 4 AN6 Analog Input 6
2. Query all analog input port values identified by the FORMat START END command Range of allowed ports is 0 to 7 Query form only Returns software version Locks the instrument s front panel controls The query form returns YES or NO whether the controls are locked or not Unlock the instrument front panel controls Query form only returns all settings Output format is BAUD PARITY TERM HAND Query or set baud rate Query or set parity mode Query or set command terminating characters Query or set handshake mode 6 11 GPIB ADDRess 0 30 ESE 0 255 SRE 0 255 STB ESR RST OPC OPC TST IDN CLS ERRor Query or set GPIB address Query or set the Event Status Enable register Query or set the Service Request Enable register Query the STatus Byte register IEEE 488 only Query the Event Status Register IEEE 488 only Resets instrument Set ISR bit 0 if no printing AND no measurement are pending GPIB only Returns 1 if no printing AND no measurement are pending Performs selftest returns zero if successful Suspends command execution until previous commands are complete Forces a running measurement to become pending if in RUN mode Forces a measurement if in STOP mode Returns identification string in form lt Vendor Model Serial No Firmware version gt CLear status no query form IEEE 488 only Query the last error code 6 12 ERROR CODES DEFINITION
3. Pressing the menu control 2 selects the harmonic bar graph of current Note The size of the graphic area can be changed at any time The horizontal axis shows the harmonic numbers from 0 59 N zero being the DC value and N 1 being the fundamental of the current The vertical axis shows the magnitude of the harmonic currents The top of the scale is given in mA or A written along the top of the graph The scaling 15 done automatically and is dynamically adjusted to give optimum resolution NOTE If you need more precise values of harmonic currents you can display them in the display number field and step through the range of harmonics 1 through 99 The harmonics displayed in the display number fields are rms values Menu Press the menu control to display the harmonic voltage bar graph The horizontal axis shows the harmonic numbers 0 59 and the vertical axis indicates the magnitude of the voltage harmonic in mV or V The scaling of the vertical axis is done automatically and is adjusted for optimum resolution Menu Press the control to display the harmonic power bar graph The horizontal axis is moved to the middle of the graph to allow for positive and negative power 5 5 harmonics A negative power harmonics results when the phase angle of the corresponding voltage and current harmonic 15 larger than 90 The harmonic numbers 0 59 are indicated at the bottom of the graph Menu i t The wave form displa
4. 0 O 0 zx x OO OO OOO Jg IL OL OL OLI DID rn top Figure 8 1 Location of Calibration Adjustments 8 4 1 VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION Connect the voltage inputs in a 3 phase model in parallel and perform adjustments on all 3 amplifiers Apply a 60Hz signal from the calibrator and select voltage synchronisation on the Power Analyzer Adjust U1 for 1 0000V rms reading Adjust U2 for 100 00V rms reading Adjust U3 for 30 000V rms reading Adjust U4 for 300 00V rms reading All other voltage ranges not listed above must now also be within specifications 8 4 2 CURRENT AMPLIFIER OFFSET ADJUSTMENT Leave the current inputs open Select 5A input and 15mA current range Adjust Idc to obtain a minimal reading for the current average value AVG mA The reading is typically 20uA 8 4 5 CURRENT AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION You can connect all three current inputs of a three phase model in series with your calibrator if your calibrator is capable of driving the 3x0 2Ohm burden of the 5A inputs Apply a 60Hz current to the 5A input IN5A or the 30A input IN30A Make sure you have selected the correct current input on the Power Analyzer front panel Calibrator Output 2A 3A IN30A 3A Adjust I1 for 2 0000A 3 0000A 50mA INSA 50 Adjust 12 for 50 000mA Repeat above steps at least once 15mA INSA 15mA 150mA INSA 150mA 1 5A Caution 1 5 Adjust 13 for 15 000mA Adjust I4 for 15
5. 2430 in a 3 Phase 4 wire Circuit Line voltages and line currents are measured Current must be scaled to obtain actual current and power readings Total Power P1 P2 P3 100A Model output is 0 50mA for 0 100A primary current eee Lol LO S LOLE Analog IN OUT Bale BA 95 BA 7 30A malo 30A Lo Lo 51 Ll L2 L3 Wiring Diagram 2430 in a 50 60Hz 3 Phase 4 wire Circuit The 3 Wattmeter connection 15 used Line voltages and line currents are measured Total Power P1 P2 P3 Important This wiring can also be used for measurements on frequency inverter drivers As a rule use for current measurement the current input with higher shunt resistor it 1s less susceptible to common mode Example Current 6A Use 5A input and not the 30A input LOAD E eal oli gt SB im Pa o pje 5 4B oO fa NE E mi e e 11 I Pa 52
6. u idt RMS current x RMS voltage S P7 for every harmonic Maximum RMS value RMS value Rectified mean value Number of zero crossings of current or voltage P S t xdt x P S Q rect mean current 0 Irms Ifund Irms phase n harmonic 1 99 4 GETTING STARTED This section explains how to prepare the Power Analyzer for operation discusses general operating features and explains some common measurements 4 1 FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL The front panel in figure 4 1 shows the graphics display in the center and the control keys to the right of the front panel The five cursor control keys are used to move the cursor in 4 directions and select instrument settings with the SET key The six menu control keys at the bottom of the control field are used to select the menus or settings shown at the bottom of the LCD The keys are ergonomically positioned for swift function selection 10 000 1 0000 190 SARC d Fig 4 1 Power Analyzer Front panel The rear panel shown in figure 4 2 contains the input terminals on the right hand side The Hi and Lo voltage terminals are at the top Below are the current input terminals two red terminals for 5A and 30A with one common Lo terminal The shunt input is equipped with a short connector When not in use this short connector must be installed The three phase Power Analyzer has the inputs for phase 1 L1 to the right phase 2 L2 inputs ar
7. 4 READING ENERGIES AT PRECISE INSTANTS OF TIMES 5 12 SCALING OF CURRENT AND VOLTAGE INPUTS 5 13 SAVING INSTRUMENT SETTINGS 5 13 1 THIS IS HOW YOU SAVE YOUR DESIRED 2 2 4 1 4 1 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 2 5 2 5 3 5 3 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 8 5 8 INSTRUMENT SETTING 5 13 2 THIS IS HOW THE 2400 STARTS UP IN THE DESIRED CONFIGURATION 6 OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTER INTERFACE 6 1 INTRODUCTION 6 2 LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS 6 3 COMPUTER INTERFACES 6 4 SETTING INTERFACE PARAMETERS 6 5 CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST 6 6 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT 6 2 6 6 1 INPUT TERMINATOR 6 6 2 SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER 6 3 6 6 3 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUT 6 4 6 6 4 OPTIMIZING SPEED FOR DATA TRANSFER 6 7 SERVICE REQUESTS AND STATUS REGISTERS 6 8 COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET 7 THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS 7 4 INSTALLING THE OPTION ASSEMBLY 7 2 OUTPUT CONNECTORS 7 3 ANALOG INPUTS 7 4 FOUR ANALOG OUTPUTS 7 4 1 ANALOG OUTPUT FOR TOTAL POWER Option 03A 7 8 7 5 THREE PHASE SENSOR CURRENT MODUL 0 100A 7 8 7 6 PRINTER OUTPUT 7 7 EXTERNAL SYNCHRONISATION 7 8 DISTURBANCE PREVENTION 8 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 8 1 CALIBRATION CYCLE 8 2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED 83 PREPARING FOR CALIBRATION 84 OFFSET ADJUSTMENT AND CALIBRATION 8 4 1 VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION 8 4 2 CURRENT AMPL
8. Analog Output 0 Aout2 Analog Output 2 Grd Signal Ground AUX2 Auxiliary IN OUT 2 AUX4 Auxiliary IN OUT4 NC 12V DC Option 04 12V DC Option 04 73 ANALOG INPUTS Eight analog inputs are provided to be connected to external transducers such as torque speed acceleration frequency and temperature transducers The four inputs ANO ANI AN2 and AN3 are for the input range 0 to 10V They exhibit a 200kQ input impedance and have a typical accuracy of 0 2 full scale The full scale display is 10 000V The other four inputs AN5 AN6 and AN7 are for the input range 0 to 5V They all have an input impedance of 100kQ and also a typical accuracy of 0 2 full scale The full scale display is 5 0000V Note that all inputs are referenced to ground at the rear panel analog in out connector and are not galvanically isolated from each other nor galvanically isolated from the Power Analyzer main electronics All eight analog inputs are sampled four times per second and are stored to either be displayed on the display monitor or to be read over the interface Any one of the eight analog inputs can be displayed in any display number field To display for example AN3 in display number field 0 top left move the cursor to this field and press SET From the selection table you select Aninp and press SET to come back to the display number field Now the menu at the bottom of the display allows you to step through A00 to A07 displayed
9. PROCESSES OUTPUT When the host sends a query command the Power Analyzer places an alphanumeric string into the output buffer In case of the RS 232 interface data are transmitted right away and are terminated with the set terminators see RS232 Terminator command In case of the IEEE 488 interface the contents of the output buffer is transmitted after the Power Analyzer has been addressed as talker The string 15 terminated with CR LF accompanied with EOI The output from the Power Analyzer can be measurement data in scientific format This can be a single string or for a range of harmonics 2 to 99 strings Query Examples Explanation VOLT RMS 1 0238e 01 POW ACT 1 8351 00 CURR RMS 5 8975 03 FORM START 1 9 0000 00 FORM END5 0 0000 00 CURR FFT 3 0000e 00 0 0000e 00 1 8000e 00 Measured voltage 10 238V Measured power 1 8351W Measured current 5 8975mA Harmonic currents 1 to 5 The output data can also be a scaling factor an instrument setting a range indication or an error number 6 6 4 OPTIMIZING SPEED FOR DATA TRANSFER There may be applications where the speed of data transfer to the host becomes an issue The speed 15 increased when you configure the display monitor without graphic area Without graphic area the processor has more time available for servicing the interface The highest data transfer speed 1s achieved when you bring the Power Analyzer into the HOLD mode first and
10. current viewing resistor such az T amp M Research Albuquerque 47 Wiring Diagram 2410 in a 50 60Hz Single Phase Circuit It is a good practice to measure current on the low side of the load neutral 11 LOAD 48 Wiring Diagram 2430 in a 50 60Hz 3 Phase 3 wire Circuit without Neutral The 3 Wattmeter connection 15 used An artificial neutral 15 formed with an external star point network Line voltages and line currents are measured Total Power P1 P2 P3 Important This wiring can also be used for measurements on frequency inverter drives As a rule use for current measurements the current input with higher shunt resistor it 1s less susceptible to common mode Example Current 6A Use 5A input this overload does not do any harm 11 L2 L3 LOAD 3x T DkOhm Star point network 49 Wiring Diagram 2430 in a 50 60Hz 3 Phase 3 wire Circuit no Neutral Load is driven by frequency inverter An external star point network must be used Do not use the 2 Wattmeter Aron connection Line voltages and line currents are measured Currents must be scaled to obtain actual current and power readings Total Power 1 P2 P3 L1 L2 3 x star point network HI HI VOLTAGE VOLTAGE VOLTAGE LO C LO 9 LO C Analog IN DUT 5 e BA 85 BA 7 malo malo malo Lo Lo 50 Ll L2 L3 Wiring Diagram
11. current sensor module for currents up to 100A DC 10kHz The supply for the current sensor module is provided by the Power Analyzer e Option 05 contains a software package under DOS to operate the 1 and 3 Phase Power Analyzer via RS232 or IEEE 488 interface You can choose the language english or german command the instrument read display and store data e Option 06 contains a comprehensive Lab View driver to operate the Power Analyzer e Option 07 contains TTL input for external synchronisation via analog in analog out connector e Option 08 contains three phase current sensor for 0 1000A DC 10kHz 0 5 accuracy Available accessories are described below ACS1 Current clamp with connector to the shunt input of the Power Analyzer range 0 400A DC 1kHz 2 accuracy ACS2 Portable printer 106 x 180 x 88mm with Centronics interface ACS3 Soft carrying case provides protection for the instrument Ideally suited for service applications ACS4 Set of test leads max 32A 1 5m 2 red 2 black ACSS Shunt input connector ACS6 Service Manual ACS7 Rack Mounting Kit 2 22 SPECIFICATIONS This section defines the performance of the Power Analyzer The user must be aware that exposure of the Power Analyzer inputs to their maximum value for a prolonged time will result in additional measurement errors These errors add to those given in the specification table 5A input P x 0 004 for t gt 1 minute per 10
12. in out connector is installed and the Power Analyzer is turned on Also make sure the Hall sensor outputs are properly connected An open connection could cause damage to the Hall Sensors 7 0 PRINTER OUTPUT The Centronics printer output prints measurement data shown in the display number fields In the Power Analyzer start up configuration 6 values are displayed from phase L1 To print these values move the cursor to the side menu and select the PRINT menu One value per line is printed Every line is terminated by CR LF To also print phase L2 and L3 values select phase L2 and L3 display and push PRINT The print command is ignored when the 3 phase display ALL is selected 7 8 7 EXTERNAL SYNCHRONISATION This option provides means to synchronize the Power Analyzer measurements to external TTL signals You must deactivate the I U synchronisation by connecting pin 8 and 9 on the analog in analog out connector The Hi input of the TTL signal is at pin 21 and the Lo input at pin 8 9 The frequency range is 0 1Hz to 300kHz The displayed frequency 1s that of the synchronisation signal 7 8 DISTURBANCE PREVENTION When you are connecting any option to an external device you provide additional paths for common mode transients to flow from the Power Analyzer inputs across the isolation barrier through the installed option to the external device Such disturbances may cause malfunctions particularly of the RS 232 interfac
13. in the side menu Select A03 to display analog input 03 at the desired display position This display position is updated four times per second and its update speed is independent of the selected measuring time The analog inputs can be read via interface The following sequence of commands would transfer all eight analog input values to the host FORMAT START 0 FORMAT END 7 AINPort The following sequence of commands would display analog input 03 in display number field 0 FORMAT START 3 FORMAT END 3 AINPort 0 7 4 FOUR ANALOG OUTPUTS The four analog outputs Aout0 Aoutl Aout2 and Aout3 are 5V outputs proportional to the 4 quantities displayed in the display number fields 0 1 2 and 3 Any one of the quantities listed in the table below can be output i Current er If any other quantity not defined in above table is output over the analog output its value is either zero or is not defined The analog outputs are updated synchronously with the display This means that the updating depends on the selected measurement time The output accuracy is 0 1 of the displayed value The output impedance is 10000 The analog output is 5V for full scale display For practical purposes we call the voltage ranges 0 3V 10V Because the internal range setting is a 1 y 10 10 10V 10 100 sequence the actual voltage ranges are 0 1N 10V 1V Y 10V 10V 10N 10V etc As a consequence in the 1V ra
14. measurement time and the synchronization Select the attributes of the displayed quantities such as AC or DC coupling or integration Also configure the RS 232 the IEEE 488 interface and set the scaling factors To save the complete setting under setting number 12 you proceed by selecting the SETUP menu M6 Move the cursor to Setup Save No 00 Press the SET key to advance the save number When set to 12 press ESCape M1 This will store the complete instrument setting under setting number 12 Valid Setup Save No are 01 02 19 20 5 13 2 THIS IS HOW THE 2400 STARTS UP IN THE DESIRED CONFIGURATION The default start up No 1s 00 To have a start up under No 12 you proceed as follows Enter the SETUP menu M6 Move the cursor to Setup Recall No 00 and press SET to advance the recall number to 12 Press ESCape M1 From now on the 2400 starts up in the saved configuration 12 You can always go back to the default startup by selecting Startup No 00 Valid Setup Recall No are 00 01 19 20 WARNING Disconnect all inputs and interface connections to the instrument before you perform the procedures described in sections 5 13 1 and 5 13 2 Failure to do so may result in erroneous set up data stored in nonvolatile memory This in turn may lead to serious start up problems 5 8 6 OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTER INTERFACE 6 1 INTRODUCTION The Power Analyzer can be operated from a host by sendi
15. number from 1 99 in the following manner Move the cursor to the position of the harmonic value The harmonic annunciator N on the left of the display indicates the harmonic number The menus at the bottom of the display give you 4 choices to increment the harmonic number in steps 1 and 10 Together with display HOLD this is a convenient way to step through the harmonics 5 9 MAIN MENU SELECTION Move the cursor to the annunciator field on the left hand side of the display The main menu HOLD AUTO PRINT SPLIT VIEW SETUP appears at the bottom of the display NOTE AUTO is displayed only when the cursor is moved downwards to the current or voltage range annunciator AUTO applies to autoranging of current or voltage The menus are entered with the control keys M1 through M6 5 9 1 DISPLAY HOLD The measurement process and the display update can be stopped by pressing the menu control key M1 The annunciator HOLD appears A complete set of data from the latest measurement interval is stored To resume the measurement update press key M1 again While the Power Analyzer is in HOLD you can inspect every measurement value by altering the number field e g you can step through every harmonic value of current voltage or power you can change the graphic area and view the harmonic bar graph of current voltage or power or you can display the wave form of current or voltage 5 9 AUTO RANGE SELECTION The menu AUTO M2 appears w
16. power analyzer assumes its initial setting as follows the first line of the display number field shows the RMS current and the RMS voltage The second line shows power and frequency of current and the third line shows apparent power and power factor The fourth and fifth lines are graphic area At start up the harmonic bar graph of current is displayed The horizontal scale is numbered 0 59 referring to the harmonics of current N 0 15 the DC component and the vertical scale gives the magnitudes of the harmonics of mA or A A 3 phase instrument will display values from phase L1 45 USING THE FUNCTION KEYS The two key control fields to the right of the front panel contains 11 keys At the top is the cursor control field at the bottom 1s the menu control field The basic use of the two key control fields 15 as follows The cursor key control field is used to move the cursor to the desired position on the display Pressing the SET key means that you want to modify this position this can be a position to the very left of the display annunciator field such as 5A 30A input selection or current range or voltage range selection or synchronisation to I or U current or voltage of phase L1 or selection of averaging time or selection of phase L1 L2 L3 or ALL display When you move the cursor to the display number field the display can be reconfigured that is you can place at the selected position a different quantity The menu key control f
17. 0 00mA Adjust I5 for 1 5000A CAUTION Drive one current input at a time Your calibrator may exceed its maximum burden voltage 8 4 5 SHUNT INPUT CALIBRATION Apply 60mV 60Hz to the Power Analyzer Shunt input Select SHUNT on the front panel Adjust 16 for 1 0000A rms reading 8 4 5 POWER CALIBRATION Power is the precise product of current and voltage and is also calibrated with above steps 8 3 Wiring Diagram 2430 in a 50 60Hz 3 Phase 3 wire Circuit The 2 Wattmeter connection Aron 1s used Line to line voltages V12 and V32 and line currents are measured Total Power P1 P2 Note Inductive loads with phase shift larger then 60 will result in one negative power reading P1 or P2 Important The 2 wattmeter connection must not be used for measurements on frequency inverter drives LI L2 LOAD L3 Lope Lol lLO malo 30A Ape S Lo o LO 5 LO 46 Wiring Diagram 2410 in High Current Series Resonant Circuits single Phase Analyzer wiring in high current series resonant circuits such as ultrasonic transducers or high frequency ballast lighting equipment gt 5A 30kHz Use external coaxial shunt and Power Analyzer shunt input for current measurement 30A input yields phase errors at 30kHz Scale shunt input for actual current readings Lamp in series resonant circuit 5 4 30KHz Liitrasaonic transducers in Series resonant circuit Coaxial shunt
18. Copyright 1997 by Valhalla Scientific Inc Valhalla Scientific Inc 9318 Miramar Mall San Diego CA 92121 Phone 858 457 5576 Fax 858 457 0127 www valhallascientific com E Mail valhalla valhallascientific com VALHALLA SCIENTIFIC INC 2400 SERIES USER MANUAL SINGLE amp THREE PHASE POWER ANALYZER CONTENTS 1 Safety 1 1 Warnings 2 Introducting The Power Analyzer 2 1 Options and Accessories 2 25 Specifications Mathematical Definitions used by the Power Analyzer 4 GETTING STARTED 4 1 FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL 4 23 ADJUSTING THE OPTIMAL VIEWING ANGLE 4 3 LINE POWER 4 4 TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON 4 5 USING THE FUNCTION KEYS 4 6 SELECTING A MEASUREMENT RANGE 4 7 TAKING SAME BASIC POWER MEASUREMENTS 4 4 S OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANEL 5 1 INTRODUCTION 5 2 FRONT PANEL OPERATIONS 5 3 CURRENT INPUT SELECTION 5 4 RANGE SELECTION AUTO RANGE SELECTION 5 2 5 5 SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION 5 6 SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT TIME 5 7 SELECTION OF AC OR DC AC COUPLING 5 8 CHANGING THE DISPLAY CONFIGURATION 5 8 1 CHANGING THE HARMONIC NUMBER 5 9 MAIN MENU SELECTION 5 9 1 DISPLAY HOLD 5 9 2 AUTO RANGE SELECTION 5 9 3 SELECTING THE SIZE OF THE GRAPHIC AREA 5 9 4 SELECTING THE GRAPHIC DATA 5 10 SHORT TIME INTEGRATOR 5 11 ENERGY COMPUTATION 5 11 1 SET UP FOR ENERGY MEASUREMENT 5 11 2 SET UP FOR CHARGE MEASUREMENT 5 11 3 STARTING AND STOPPING 5 11
19. FORMat 0 5 PRint DISplay Mode Tom L1 Query or set the minimal averaging time Example ACQ APER 500m Sets minimal averaging time to 500ms Query or set acquisition subsystem Display data are held Query overload and underload of current and voltage inputs An integer is returned The integer indicates the state during the previous query VOLT CURR POW EN or FREQ For more details refer to overload and underload register definition Query or set the number of numeric fields on the panel Print displayed values Query or select display phase L1 L2 L3 or all three phases 6 10 FORMat START lt N gt END lt N gt FORMat PHase TUE L1 L2 L3 LL AINPort F AINPort VERsion LOCk UNLock RS232 RS232 BAUD 300 00 1200 400 800 600 9200 PARITY None en dd TERMinator CR F RLf HANDshakes None Xon Query or set the range for data array transfer Range of N for harmonic values is 1 to 99 Range of N for analog inputs is 0 7 If the value specified is out of range or start gt end the correction is done when values are queried using VOLT FFT CURR FFT POW FFT IMP FFT IMP MAG IMP ANG or AINP Query or select phase for data transfers such as VOLT RMS or DISplay Print Has no affect on AINPort command value is returned If it is not defined zero 15 returned Set display field for analog input port previously selected by the FORMat START END command
20. IFIER OFFSET ADJUSTMENT 8 4 3 CURRENT AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION 8 4 4 SHUNT INPUT CALIBRATION 8 4 5 POWER CALIBRATION 5 8 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 2 6 5 6 5 6 7 7 1 7 1 7 5 7 6 7 8 7 8 7 9 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 3 8 3 8 3 1 SAFETY Before using the Power Analyzer read the following safety information carefully In this manual WARNING is reserved for conditions that pose hazards to the user CAUTION is reserved for conditions that may damage your instrument e Avoid working alone e Follow all safety procedures for equipment being tested e Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation e Besure the Power Analyzer is in good operating condition e To avoid electrical shock use caution when working above 30V dc or rms e Disconnect the live test leads before disconnecting the common test leads e When making a current or power measurement turn the circuit power off before connecting the Power Analyzer in the circuit e Switching on inductive loads means large inrush currents Take precautions to avoid overloading the current channels by shorting the start up currents accross the current inputs e Switching off inductive loads or switching on rotating loads means large voltages or extremely fast changing voltages on the Power Analyzer input terminals Such conditions may damage the instrument and are potentially hazardous e To comply with EN50081 1 the current and voltage test leads mu
21. S 102 110 111 140 222 2204 2207 350 2200 Syntax Error The command was not recognized ESR bit 5 15 set CoMmand Error Command header error A command followed by was sent were no query form is available And conversly no followed a query form only command ESR bit 5 is set CoMmand Error Header separator error Attempted to descend the command hierarchy at a place where there wasn t any subcommand ESR bit 5 is set CoMmand Error Character data error A too long and or sensless command has been sent to the instrument ESR bit 5 is set CoMmand Error Data Out Of Range The command argument is not allowed ESR bit 4 is set EXecution Error Measurement error Measurement underflow ESR bit 4 is set EXec Err Measurement error Measurement overflow ESR bit 4 is set EXec Err Queue overflow This occurs if a query command attempts to place a new message onto the instruments output queue but there was still an old message waiting on the queue This results in information loss The query answer is replaced by 350 and ESR bit 3 is set Device Dependant Error Input signal over and underload One or more current or voltage inputs were in over or underload during the last query VOLT CURR POW EN FREQ ESR bit 4 1s set 6 13 Overload and Underload Register Definition Voltage 3 overrange Current 3 overrange Voltage 2 overrange Current 2 overrange Voltage 1 overrange Curr
22. S ver vus ugs uc souanbas Q 1 5980010 AE Ox 90 0 9800170 ZHPIOOE 22001 x OpIZEDIA4 90 0 801 70 ZHPO0T ZEPIOI A A O 0800190 0 2901 ZAAI 8 19 0 SP1 600 8 19 0 1 T 0 F 29 ZHI KoemooepoAoudu SI940 jdur oguerAT c0Jop uexupegnoar fueau sultN t r nooeprepugjs gPs6 8PssI SPONU ONI lt eouepod upndug Sf ILS INF 0S 1 Jopesor ZHP00 7870 edue1Aouonbor SUA 009 XAN 10001 AOOE A001 AOE AOT AT q uerg sacuew 99t9 0A SNOILVOLIEEXYIdS 2 4 2 3 3 MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER ANALYZER NOTE RMS rectified mean mean maximum minimum and peak to peak value apply to current and voltage Energies apply to real apparent and reactive power Charge applies to rectified mean current only Total harmonic distortion applies to current and voltage RMS value Rectified mean Mean value Maximum Minimum Peak to peak Average Power P Apparent Power S Reactive Power Crest Factor Form Factor Frequency Power Factor Energies Charge Total harm Distortion THD Impedance T 1 T ido Ji dt T 1 T i dt max 1 in averaging interval min 1 in averaging interval max 1 min 1 in averaging interval T 1 T
23. ak to peak voltage Set the field 0 1 9 for voltage harmonic previously selected by the FORMat START command Use the G argument instead of lt F gt to display FFT u in the display graphic zone Query all voltage harmonics in the range specified by the FORMat STart and FORMat END commands Query or set field for voltage crest factor Query or set field for voltage form factor Display u t in the display graphic zone Query or set voltage scaling factor Query or set field for Total Harmonic Distortion Query or set field for DC coupled RMS current Query or set field for AC coupled RMS current Query or set field for rectified mean current Query or set field for average charge short time integration Query or set field for charge long time integration Reset charge no query form Query or set field for DC current Query or set field for negative peak current Query or set field for positive peak current Query or set field for peak to peak current Set the field 0 1 9 for current harmonic previously selected by the FORMat START command Use the G argument instead of lt F gt to display the 1 in the display graphic zone Query all current harmonics in the range specified by the FORMat START and FORMat END commands Query or set field for current crest factor Query or set field for current form factor Display i t in the display graphic zone Query or write current scaling factor Query or set field for Total H
24. al AND SRE SBR 0 255 Service Request SBR Enable Register Read and write Pd EVENT STATUS REGISTER ESR When for example a command Error occurs bit 5 is set to 1 The query ESR Returns a decimal value corresponding to the bit setting EVENT STATUS ENABLE REGISTER ESE It is the mask for the Event Status Register When for the above example the command Error mask bit 5 1s set the command Error would set the Error Status Byte in the Status Byte Register STB STATUS BYTE REGISTER STB The RQS bit 6 if equal 1 sets the SRQ line true The status bits 0 5 and 7 determine in conjunction with the mask in the Service Request Enable Register whether RQS is set or not Reading the Status Byte Register with the query STB will return a decimal value for example 32 Converting 32 to binary indicates that bit 5 ESB is set to 1 68 COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET The following table lists the RS 232 and IEEE 488 commands The RS 232 and IEEE 488 commands are identical except where indicated A parameter that must be supplied by the user is enclosed in angle brackets parameter Commands can be sent in upper case or lower case IEEE 488 Interface Function Subsets SH1 Source Handshake Acceptor Handshake T5 Talker L4 Listener SR1 Service Request RL1 Remote Local DC1 Device Clear The following conventions are used lt gt Field selector it is an integer 0 to 9 used to select the display field
25. armonic Distortion Query or set field DC coupled power in Watt Query or set field AC coupled power in Watt INT lt F gt AC lt gt APParent F AC lt gt INT lt F gt AC lt F gt REActive lt F gt AC lt gt INT lt F gt AC lt F gt FFT lt F gt G EFT gt FACtor lt F gt AC lt F gt ENergy ACTive lt F gt APParent lt F gt REActive lt F gt RESET FREQuency lt F gt IMPedance MAGnitude lt gt MAGnitude ANGIe lt F gt ANGIe Query or set field DC coupled average energy short time integration Query or set field AC coupled average energy short time integration Query or set field DC coupled apparent power Query or set field AC coupled apparent power Query or set field DC coupled average apparent energy short time integration Query or set field AC coupled average apparent energy short time integration Query or set field DC coupled reactive power Query or set field AC coupled reactive power Query or set field DC coupled average reactive energy short time integration Query or set field AC coupled average reactive energy short time integration Set the field 0 1 9 for the power harmonic previously selected by the FORMat START and FORMat END command Use the G argument instead of F to display FFT p in the display graphic zone Query all power harmonics in the range specified by the FORMat STart and FORMat END comma
26. chronization to current or voltage of phase 1 is performed For selection of synchronization the following criteria applies e Choose current synchronization when you are measuring current voltage and power e Choose voltage synchronization when you are measuring voltage only To select the type of synchronization you need move the cursor to the I U annunciator and press the SET key A pull down menu appears Move the cursor to the required label and press the SET key again 5 6 SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT TIME The measurement time sets the minimum time for signal averaging as well as the time for display update It can be varied from 100ms 250ms 500ms 1s to 2 seconds Furthermore this averaging time is expanded to the end of the next signal period This results in stable readings down to 1 Hz frequency down to 0 1Hz To select the measurement time move the cursor to the measurement time annunciator and press the SET key The pull down menu gives you five choices Select the one you need by moving the cursor to the desired position Press the SET key to select the desired measurement time 5 7 SELECTION OF AC OR DC AC COUPLING Coupling pertains to some not all measured quantities AC coupling is possible for the rms values for active apparent and reactive power and for power factor Move the cursor to the quantity you want to change the coupling e g rms current The second menu at the bottom of the display shows AC DC a
27. d the Power Analyzer outputs in scientific format an alphanumeric string of the ac coupled rms voltage The maximum allowable characters in lower case are used CURR SCALE 1 000eo Sets the current scaling factor of the Power Analyzer to 1 CURR SCALE Query form The Power Analyzer returns the current scaling factor in scientific format CURR FFT Query form The Power Analyzer returns the harmonics of current in the range specified by the FORMAT START END command Commands can be sent in upper or lower case characters The upper case letters in the command set table are the minimal string to be sent the lower case letters are optional No space is allowed except for the selector at the end of a command where a space is mandatory RULE 1 Every command must be closed by a terminator The maximum length must not exceed 32 characters You cannot pack two commands into one an error would be generated RULE 2 Read Power Analyzer s output only once for each query command The output buffer is cleared after it has been read This prevents previously read data from being read a second time by mistake A device dependent error is generated Query commands are identified by the gt at its end RULE 3 Read query responses before sending an other command string If you send a query without removing the old message from the query before the old message gets lost A device dependent error is generated 6 6 3 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER
28. e Pulling the external cable through a high frequency ferrite torroid such as Philips Type 4322 0209720 will reduce the flow of the transients 3 5 windings yield good results 8 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 8 1 CALIBRATION CYCLE We recommend to verify calibration once a year The user must be aware that occasional overloads voltage and current will degrade accuracy In such cases calibration should be checked more frequently 8 2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED A calibrator that will supply voltages 0 3V 600V and currents 15mA 2A at 60Hz with 0 02 accuracy will suffice 8 3 PREPARING FOR CALIBRATION Remove the hood of the Power Analyzer by loosening 3 screws on the left and the right hand side Slide the hood over the top of the instrument Turn Power Analyzer on and allow approximately 30 minutes warm up time 84 OFFSET ADJUSTMENT AND CALIBRATION Figure 8 1 shows the locations that have to be adjusted The top amplifiers are the voltage input amplifiers with adjustments U1 U2 U3 and U4 The bottom amplifiers are the current input amplifiers with adjustments Ipc I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 and I6 For a 3 phase Power Analyzer above adjustments must be performed for phase 1 phase 2 and phase 3 Make sure all scaling factors are set to 1 0000 NOTE The shields of the amplifiers are on the potential of the corresponding Lo terminal input 8 1 ___ Analyzer Rear Panel Phase 1 Phase 2e Phase 3 _
29. e current shunt input will set the input ranges to 60mV 60mVV10 600mV 600mVV10 6V and 6VV10 with a sensitivity of 1A 60mV Using the scaling capabilities of the Power Analyzer will give you direct read out in ampere for your shunt or your current clamp with voltage output 5 4 RANGE SELECTION AUTO RANGE SELECTION To select a current range move the cursor to the current range annunciator Press the SET key A pull down menu appears with the available ranges Move now the cursor to the desired range and press the SET key again to select that range The current input is now in manual ranging indicated by the M in the range annunciator In similar manner a voltage range is selected Once you have selected a current range the current input of the power analyzer is in manual ranging You can bring it back to autoranging as follows Move the cursor to the current range annunciator The second menu at the bottom of the display shows AUTO If you press the menu control key M2 the current range annunciator changes to A at its very end indicating autoranging similarly you proceed to set the voltage input to autoranging 5 5 SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION Synchronization to current or voltage of phase 1 1s possible This synchronization is required for the frequency measurement and partially also for the harmonic analysis Furthermore the display values show better stability when synchronization is properly selected In a 3 phase Power Analyzer syn
30. e in the middle and phase 3 L3 inputs to the left On the left hand side of the rear panel are from top to bottom the RS 232 interface connector the IEEE 488 interface connector the centronics printer connector and the analog in and output connector To the far left is the power line cord connector for 50 60Hz line voltages in the range 85V to 265V ee Fur HEIE BIG AE o zie Am e nb El nea paul TP LI t ies HALES DEAH HEFEH ra FE T Fig 4 2 Power Analyzer Rear Panel 4 2 ADJUSTING THE OPTIMAL VIEWING ANGLE Operating the Power Analyzer on a table you may want to tilt the instrument This can be done by rotating forward the stand offs at the bottom plate 43 LINE POWER WARNING To avoid shock hazard connect the Power Analyzer line cord to a receptacle with earth ground Plug the line cord into the connector on the rear of the instrument It will operate on any line voltage between 85V ac and 265V ac without adjustment and any frequency between 50 and 400Hz 44 TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON To turn the instrument on activate the power line switch located near the power receptacle on the rear panel When the instrument is turned on the display is set to its start up configuration with all values set to zero for about 2 seconds while the instrument performs an internal self test After this self test the
31. e to select the correct input on the power analyzer front panel IN 5A or IN 30A 4 7 TAKING SAME BASIC POWER MEASUREMENTS WARNING Read the Power Analyzer safety before operating this instrument The following procedures describe the basics of taking common power measurements operating the Power Analyzer from the front panel These procedures are provided for the user who needs to get started quickly WARNING To avoid electrical shock or damage to the Power Analyzer do not apply more than 850V peak between any terminal and earth ground The user should be well aware of the fact that switching off inductive loads may generate extremely fast and high voltage transients exceeding above limits To measure voltage current power and related quantities in a 3 phase circuit connect the test leads as shown in figure 4 3 and described below 4 4 ASUS CURT GUILDE GHE PUREE IH d THREE AALE TE FILE LME GOL Leb E THARE ILEI PRE Ex c E O m G C 48 1 a 8 Fig 4 3 Power Analyzer Wireing in 3 Phase circuit Turn off power in the circuit to be measured Break the circuit in each phase and connect phase L1 to the current input 1 phase L2 to current input 2 and phase L3 to current input 3 The current flows from source to load as a consequence you must connect the Hi current inputs to the source side and t
32. energy in another number field that is move the cursor to this field press the SET key and select ENERGY press SET again to come back to the number field and finally press M3 to select apparent energy In a similar manner reactive energy is set up Note that the accumulated values are indicated by ACC 5 11 2 SET UP FOR CHARGE MEASUREMENT Charge is determined by integrating the rectified mean value of current So far we have set up 3 energy values Let s put the value of charge to a fourth number field as follows move the cursor to this number field Press the SET key move the cursor to RECT of current press the SET key again to have the rectified mean current displayed in this number field The menu at the bottom shows HOLD dt RESET Pressing once you select short time integration press M3 again to select the desired longtime charge accumulation The annunciator shows A meaning charge accumulation and the units in the number field are Ah 5 11 3 STARTING AND STOPPING Before starting a measurement energy and charge values are normally reset to zero All three energy values can be reset together charge reset is separate This is how you can proceed Bring the Power Analyzer to HOLD and reset energy and charge values Press HOLD to start the measurement and press HOLD again to stop it 5 11 4 READING ENERGIES AT PRECISE INSTANTS OF TIME Energies at precise instants of time can best be read via one of the in
33. ent 1 overrange _ Current 1 underrange Voltage 1 underrange Current 2 underrange Voltage 2 underrange Current 3 underrange Voltage 3 underrange Bit 15 12 are not defined and are reserved for extension 6 14 ys THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS The Power Analyzer can be equipped with options 01 02 and 03 which are all mounted on the Option Assembly Board Option 04 is external to the Power Analyzer Rear Panel ws UR crews Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 7 1 INSTALLING THE OPTION ASSEMBLY WARNING To avoid electric shock disconnect the power cord and test leads before removing the instrument hood bi panels In this position you can install the Option Assembly by first connecting J42 to the DC DC Converter Assembly J34 to J16 J35 to J15 Now fasten the Option Assembly onto the three bolts on the Processor Assembly Connect the option output cables J37 printer output J38 RS 232 output J36 IEEE 488 J39 Analog in and analog output All these cables go from the Option Assembly over the Separator Figure 7 1 along the right hand side panel to the rear panel The clips supplied are used to hold the cables above the main supply Keep the cables 1cm away from any part of the main supply Fold the 24pol flat ribbon cable around the 14pol cables and insert this package in the clips Stick the clips to the side panel such that the edges of the flat ribbon cables are along the side panel
34. essed The Power Analyzer accepts upper and lower case characters If a command can not be understood or it was longer than 32 characters which can not be the case for correct commands the command will be ignored and an error will be generated For the RS 232 you can select the Xon hand shake modus Xon signals the host to stop transmission when the input buffer of the Power Analyzer is full If in this process information gets lost a device dependent error will be generated For the IEEE 488 the hold off is set when the input buffer of the Power Analyzer is full This stops data transmission instantly until space in the input buffer is made available 6 6 1 INPUT TERMINATOR An input terminator is a character or command EOI IEEE 488 1 sent by the host identifying the end of a string Any of these terminators will be recognized as end of message Valid terminators for the RS 232 interface are CR Carriage Retunr LF Line Feed CRLF Carriage Return Line Feed and LFCR Line Feed Carriage Return Valid terminators for the IEEE 488 interface are EOI End or Identify and any or none of the combinations with CR Carriage return and LF Line Feed 6 6 2 SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER Command Action VOLT RMS AC 1 AC coupled rms voltage is displayed in display field 1 fields are 0 top left 1 top right 9 The minimum required characters upper case are used voltage rms ac Query form To this comman
35. he Lo current inputs to the load side L1 L2 and L3 are connected to the Hi voltage inputs All three Lo voltage input terminals are connected together and are connected to neutral in a 4 wire circuit If you have no neutral available 3 wire circuit connect the voltage Lo terminals to the grounding post on the Power Analyzer Switch on the Power Analyzer it will be in automatic ranging Select the correct current input IN SA or IN 30A as described in 4 6 Turn on power to the load to be measured The Power Analyzer will automatically select the voltage range and displays the following six electrical quantities display top to bottom RMS current RMS voltage power frequency apparent power and power factor of phase L1 The bar graph of current shows the harmonic content of phase L1 Use the side menu to display values from phase L2 L3 and ALL 4 5 5 OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANEL This section explains how to operate the instrument from the front panel 5 INTRODUCTION This Power Analyzer is a very advanced measuring system equipped with features not known to similar instruments For example you can select dc or ac coupling for individual quantities you can choose those quantities you want to integrate you can combine meter mode and graphics mode you can obtain harmonic analysis while the Power Analyzer is running in the meter mode This and much more make this instrument a valuable tool in a wide ra
36. hen the cursor in the annunciator field is moved to either the current or the voltage range annunciator To select current autoranging move the cursor to the current range annunciator and press the menu control key M2 To select voltage autoranging move the cursor to the voltage range annunciator and press the menu control key M2 NOTE The power analyzer monitors current or voltage transients of less than I us duration As a consequence occasional current or voltage peaks cause undesired range changes or lead to race conditions In such cases use manual ranging 5 9 35 SELECTING THE SIZE OF THE GRAPHIC AREA The number field and the graphic area of the power analyzer can be increased or decreased using the menu SPLIT M4 Press the menu control key M4 to enter the menu ESC EXP RED which allows you now to alter the graphic area With EXP expand you can increase it and with RED reduce you can decrease it To return to the main menu press M1 ESC NOTE The graphic area is valid for the display of phase L1 L2 and L3 For the 3 phase display ALL there is no graphic area available 5 9 4 SELECTING THE GRAPHIC DATA The menu VIEW is selected by pressing the menu control key M5 The graphics selection menu LSC FFTi FFTu FFTp i t u t is entered It allows you to choose graphics data by pressing the menu control keys M2 through M6 In all bar graphs harmonic peak values are displayed not rms values Menu
37. ield consists of keys M1 through M6 and go with the 6 menus shown along the bottom of the display These menus are dynamically changing depending on the cursor position and other action you may take 4 6 SELECTING A MEASUREMENT RANGE When turning on the Power Analyzer the range selection is automatic This is indicated by the range annunciators on the left hand side of the display e g A 300mV A To select the 5A or 30A current input proceed as follows Move the cursor to the IN 5 annunciator and press the SET key A pull down menu gives you 3 choices IN SA IN 30A SHUNT Now move the cursor to the 5A or 30 A input annunciator and press the SET key The choice of current input depends on the maximum current flowing in your circuit to be measured The A at the end of the range annunciator indicates autoranging To select a current range move the cursor to the current range annunciator and press the SET key A pull down menu of the possible ranges appears Move the cursor to the desired range and press the SET key The range annunciator with the new range 1s now displayed and furthermore the M indicates manual ranging for current Note that in the Three Phase Power Analyzer the ranges of the channels L1 L2 L3 are the same WARNING Make sure not to overload current inputs damage may occur to the instrument Make sure when wiring the power analyzer in a circuit that you are wiring the correct current input 5A or 30A and make sur
38. minutes 30A input P x 0 0002 A for t gt 1 minute per 10 minutes voltage input x 0 0000003 V for t gt 1 minute per 10 minutes Operating the 5A input at elevated currents 24A will also affect the 30A input and visa versa Operating temperature range 15 C 30 C Ae dsip V0000 0 Jo mdu m dur ose Ies SULA QZ XEN OIN 0009 0009 OI 009 009 01 N 09 09 59800 ynduy junus SUISUSpuoo uou HA 8 Xe NIC OF SUIDJOO9E yy SUNUNOU Joey 0 1002 9002 podun p ASF 0 o YOO eouepeduurndur asus Moy syndur So euy p ASF 0 3 001 20 So euy jndino TETSU T 88H suond x SET x OST WBM XTXA XH UOISUOUINT ZHOS APfE oj ynduy muu J ZHOS AAS T ose oj jnduraury quas MuU ZHOS APIS C K ddns ood 10 oso o synduy ILHIPIG VAOE AVC AOPC ASS Jomod asf ZHO0r 05 OV J9M0d s oxid OPZ X STI X v9 ISIN ejdsip orude 8 peso pbi ong amp ejdsiq PAT opi ZHI 981 P0 ZEPIOOI 28701 8 1 cQ Spr94 0 ZFPIOT ZHAI 8 0 Sp196 c0 ZHAI ZHZ Aoen
39. mmands through the computer interface 6 1 In order for the Power Analyzer and the host to communicate through the interface the communication parameters of the Power Analyzer must match those of the host 65 CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST Turn Power Analyzer off When cabling is complete turn power on again The RS 232 interface on the Power Analyzer rear panel uses a DB 9 connector Its pinout is given below 1 DCD Data Carrier Detect ee 1 2 RxD Received Data Tr 1 3 TxD Transmitted Data RH E a d ET i 4 DTR Data Terminal 1 i Ready d e a zi 5 Grd Signal Ground a 6 DSR DataSet Ready 7 RTS Request To Send 8 CTS Clear To Send 9 RNG Ring The RS 232 cable length should be less than 15m to make sure not to exceed the allowable 2000pF cable capacitance To use the IEEE 488 interface cable the Power Analyzer to a host The IEEE 488 operation is governed by following limitations a maximum of 15 devices can be connected in a single bus system the maximum length of cable must be less than 20m or 2m times the number of devices in the system 66 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT The Power Analyzer processes and executes valid input strings sent by the host The input string is followed by an input terminator such as CR LF carriage return line feed When the Power Analyzer receives input it stores it in a 32 byte input buffer As soon as the input terminators have been recognized the data in the buffer are proc
40. nd an annunciator DC AC or AC on the left side of the display indicates the presently set coupling for the selected measurement value The second menu key toggles the coupling from DC AC to AC and vise versa Selecting AC means that this measurement value is without a possible dc component and DC AC coupling means it is including the dc component 5 8 CHANGING THE DISPLAY CONFIGURATION You have the choice of selecting 8 current values rms mean rectified mean crest factor minimum maximum peak to peak and form factor 8 values four voltage four power related quantities frequency three energies charge and harmonics of current voltage and power Any one of these measured values you can place at any location on the display We recommend to place the most important quantities at the top of the display This is how you modify the display at one place for example the quantity at the bottom of the first column Move the cursor to this location and press the SET key A table appears in which you can select the quantity of your choice by moving the cursor to this position in the table Press the SET key to place the new quantity on the display NOTE When you make above changes they will be valid for phase L1 L2 and L3 The 3 phase display ALL is changed accordingly 5 8 1 CHANGING THE HARMONIC NUMBER When you have a harmonic value current voltage or power displayed in the display number field you can change its harmonic
41. nds Query or set the field for the DC coupled power factor Query or set the field for the AC coupled power factor Query or set field of energy long time integration Query or set field of apparent energy long time integration Query or set field or reactive energy long time integration No query form resets all energy values Query or set field of current or voltage signal frequency Depends on current or voltage synchronisation Set the field for harmonic impedance previously selected by the FORMat START command Query all harmonic impedances in the range specified by the FORMat START and FORMat END commands Set the field for harmonic phase angle previously selected by the FORMat START command Query all harmonic phase angles in the range specified by the FORMat START and FORMat END commands RANge VOLTage Auto 300M ACQuire RANge CURRent Auto 15M 50M 150M 500M 1 5 5 15 INpuf IN5 IN30 sHunt Query or set voltage range Examples ACQ RAN VOLT AUTO Voltage in autoranging ACQ RAN VOLT 300 Selects 300V range Query or set current input range 1 60M the valid option column is fixed 3 200M by the active input INS IN30 10 600M and SHUNT 30 2 100 6 20 Query or the current input or the shunt input SYNChr VOLTagq Query or set instrument synchronization mode CURRent Synchronizes to phase 1 APERtur 100M 250M 500M 1 2 Hold Run Stop QUality DISplay
42. ng commands to it through a computer interface on the rear panel Section 6 describes how to set up configure and operate the Power Analyzer via the RS 232 or the IEEE 488 interface With the IEEE 488 interface the instrument is fully programmable for use on the IEEE standard 488 1 interface bus and also complies with the supplemental standard 488 2 6 2 LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS When the Power Analyzer is operated from a host then it is operated remotely when operated from its front panel the Power Analyzer is operated The Power Analyzer is no longer controllable from the front panel when via interface the Local Lockout state has been enabled 6 3 COMPUTER INTERFACES Your Power Analyzer can be equipped without interface with RS 232 interface Option 01 or with both RS 232 and IEEE 488 interface You can check in the SETUP menu which options you have installed If an interface is not installed its parameters are marked n a not available Basically you can operate both the RS 232 and the IEEE 488 interface simultaneously Due to limited rear panel space you may have difficulties installing both interface connectors 6 4 SETTING INTERFACE PARAMETERS The Power Analyzer sets the parameters at startup to the following default values Band 9600 Parity None Terminator CR Handshake None IEEE address 1 Above parameters can be changed by entering the SETUP menu via the front panel or by sending co
43. nge of applications 5 2 FRONT PANEL OPERATIONS The following operations can be performed from the front panel e Select manual or automatic ranging Select the 5A 30A or shunt input e Select a current or a voltage range valid for phase L1 L2 and L3 e Select the measurement time e Select AC or DC coupling for individual quantities e Select integration for individual quantities e Select display configuration e Select display of a single phase L1 L2 or L3 e Select display ALL of all 3 phases e Select display HOLD e Select graphics mode e Select current and voltage scaling e Select input output configuration 5 5 3 CURRENT INPUT SELECTION You have the choice of selecting one of three inputs 5A 30A and shunt input CAUTION Due to different overload conditions of the current inputs you should at all times know which one of the inputs is in use If you are using the 5A input you must select the 5A input indicated by the input annunciator IN SA or IN 30A If it is not already selected proceed as follows move the cursor to the input annunciator press the SET key A pull down menu appears for selection of the desired input With cursor and SET you select the 5A current input Now the current ranges are 15mA 50mA 150mA 500mA 1 5A 5A and 15A and the current display is scaled correctly similarly you select the 30A input with ranges 1A 3A 10A 30A 100A and 300A Finally selecting th
44. nge the analog output will be 5V for 1 0000V display and in the 3V range the output will be 5V for a display of 3 1622V The table below lists the actual voltage current and shunt ranges for full scale analog output For power the products of voltage times current range determine the display for 5V analog output The only exception is the power factor PF 1 corresponds to 5V and PF 1 corresponds to 5V analog output Ranges and their full scale display for 5V analog output Voltage 0 1N10V 1V VIOV 10V 10V10V 100V 100V10V 1000V Current 5410mA 50mA 50V10mA 500mA 500V10mA 5 1 1N109 10 10V10A Shunt 60mV 60V10mV 600mV 600N10 6V 6N10V Power Any product of above voltage ranges times current ranges or shunt voltage Power Factor PF 1 corresponds to 5V analog output The single Phase Power Analyzer outputs the quantities displayed in the display number fields 0 Aout 0 1 Aout 1 2 Aout 2 and 3 Aout 3 as long as they are a set of the above table The 3 phase Power Analyzer outputs two phase L1 values set in display fields 0 and 1 it outputs one phase L2 value set in display field 2 and finally one phase L3 value set in field 3 Example When you configure the display L1 L2 L3 with field 0 rms current field 1 rms voltage field 2 rms current and field 3 rms current then the analog outputs are Aout 0 rms current of phase L1 Aout 1 rms voltage of phase L1 Aout 2 rms curren
45. on which a value must be displayed Field 0 is top left 1 is top right field 9 is bottom right lt R gt Scientific formated real number e g 1 0e1 lt gt Signed integer number e g 1024 Query commands are terminated with 2 and do not contain a lt parameter gt That part of the command that is written in capital letters is mandatory The lower case letters are optional x Command only available on a single phase instrument Not available on non harmonic version of the instrument Command only available on three phase instrument COMMAND DESCRIPTION VOLTage RMS lt F gt lt gt RECT lt F gt MEAN lt gt MIN lt gt lt F gt PEAK lt F gt lt F gt G lt F gt FORM lt F gt CURVE SCale R THD lt gt CURRent RMS F lt gt RECT lt F gt lt gt ACCu lt gt RESET MEAN F MIN lt F gt MAX lt F gt PEAK F2 FFT lt F gt G FFT CREST lt F gt FORM F CURVE SCale R THD lt gt POWer ACTive lt F gt AC lt F gt Query or set field for DC coupled RMS voltage Query or set field for AC coupled RMS voltage Query or set field for rectified mean voltage Query or set field for arithmetic DC voltage Query or set field for negative peak voltage Query or set field for positive peak voltage Query or set field for pe
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47. st form 4 windings through ferrite torroid Philips Type 4322 020 9720 or equivalent Interface inputs outputs must be shielded kV burst test use shielded input and output cables e The Power Analyzer complies with the safety standards IEC 1010 1 EN 61010 1 1 1 1 1 WARNINGS Before reading the manual or before using this instrument read carefully the warnings below and make sure you understand them WARNING Line Power To avoid shock hazard connect the instrument power cord to a power receptacle with earth ground WARNING The maximum floating voltage above earth ground on the current input terminals and the voltage Lo input terminals is 600V Exceeding these limits poses a hazard to the meter and operator WARNING This instrument must be operated by qualified personnel WARNING Refer all servicing of this instrument to qualified personnel Before opening case disconnect all leads connected to the instrument and finally disconnect the power line cord WARNING The specifications given in this manual solely describe the technical properties of the instrument They do not imply any other properties unless it is explicitly said so WARNING Use of this instrument in life support systems and in systems for people transportation must be expressly authorized The authorization must be signed by the manufacturer of this Power Analyzer 1 2 2 INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER WARNING Read the Power Analyzer Safet
48. t of phase L2 Aout 3 rms current of phase L3 741 ANALOG OUTPUT FOR TOTAL POWER OPTION 03A Option 03A contains an additional output for total power in a three phase system This output is connected to pin 22 AUX 4 of the Analog in Analog output connector Section 7 2 C Pin 22 outputs the DC signal 1 3 Aoutl Aout2 Aout3 output range 5 output impedance 100 Therefore pin 22 is a signal proportional to total power when you display power in display field 1 2 and 3 remember display field 0 is top left When you set any other quantity in these display fields the summation output pin 22 is the average value e g voltage current PF For the allowed quantities consult table in section 7 4 75 THREE PHASE CURRENT SENSOR MODULE 0 100A The current sensor module provides 0 100A current measurement capabilities from DC to 10kHz The module is directly supplied from the Power Analyzer by connecting the 25 pol D Sub connector to the rear panel analog In out connector The 0 50mA current sensor outputs are connected to the 0 5A Power Analyzer inputs Scaling the current by 2000 yields actual 0 100A current readings All other quantities are scaled accordingly Specifications Current range 0 100A 150A peak Accuracy 0 5 9o 2Hz 200Hz 1 96 200Hz 1kHz Frequency range DC 10kHz Scaling 2000 using the 0 5A input WARNING Before applying the 0 100A primary current to the Hall sensors make sure the supply from the Analog
49. terfaces The host sets the time intervals and reads at these intervals from the Power Analyzer The Power Analyzer responds instantly data are transferred in approximately 20ms This way you obtain very precise energy values 5 12 SCALING OF CURRENT AND VOLTAGE INPUTS When the Power Analyzer starts up it s current and voltage scaling factors are set to 1 0 When you are using any kind of transducer or current transformer you can scale the inputs to have actual current voltage and power values displayed To change the scaling factors enter the SETUP menu Move the cursor to the scaling factor you want to change Let s assume you want to change the current scaling factor to 250 Now press SET At this point you can modify single digits with the up and down arrows Move the cursor to the first digit and set it to 2 move the cursor one digit to the right and set it to 5 and finally modify the exponent to 02 and press SET to store the selected factor The new scaling factor looks like this Scale I 2 499999e02 which is very close to 250 for all practical purposes The Three Phase Power Analyzer uses the selected scaling factor for the 3 channels 5 13 SAVING INSTRUMENT SETTINGS 5 13 1 THIS IS HOW YOU SAVE YOUR DESIRED INSTRUMENT SETTING Disconnect all inputs and interface connections to the instrument Configure the display area and the graphics area Select the current input select the desired ranges or select auto ranging select the
50. the third menu button the annunciator appears next to the DC AC annunciator or if it was selected before disappears The annunciator indicates that power is integrated for the duration of the selected measurement time For longtime energy computation refer to the section ENERGY COMPUTATION 5 11 ENERGY COMPUTATION The 2400 allows longtime energy computation of real apparent and reactive power and charge computation using rectified mean current Once selected the energy and charge computation goes on as long as the instrument is not in HOLD Range changes during the measurement are allowed and do not influence the result accumulation over a period of more than 10 years is possible The resolution goes from nWh to MWh The Three Phase Power Analyzer limits its energy computation to real and reactive energy 5 11 1 SET UP FOR ENERGY MEASUREMENT Let us assume all the energies need to be determined Move the cursor to the number field where you want to place active energy Press SET the selection table is presented Move the cursor now to ENERGY and press the SET key again By this time you are back in the number field The menu at the bottom of the display shows HOLD ACT APP REA RESET and gives you the choice of active apparent and reactive power To place active power in this number field press M2 the annunciator ACT in the annunciator field indicates the type of energy similarly you proceed to place apparent
51. then take all the readings This way the processor has more time to serve the interface For example National Instruments IEEE 488 software and hardware usually yields 75 100 values per second transfer rates 6 7 SERVICE REQUESTS AND STATUS REGISTERS Service requests let the Power Analyzer on the IEEE 488 bus get the attention of the host Every instrument or the IEEE bus can set the service request SRQ bus line The host can determine which instrument made the request by taking a serial poll In this process the Status Byte Register will be set to 1 identifying it as an instrument that requested service Below the registers are summarized Register Description STB Status Byte Register Read only Bit 6 sets SRQ bus line Read by Serial Poll Read and write A bit set to 1 in SRE will generate an SRQ when corresponding bit in STB 15 also 1 SRE Service Request Enable Register ESR Event Status Register Read only Assigns specific events to specific bits ESE Event Status Enable Register Read and wirte Mask for event generation to set Event Summary Bit STATUS AND EVENT REGISTER DEFINITION Power ON User ReQuest not used oMmand Error Execution Error Device Dependant Error Query Error not used ReQuest Control not used Operation complete ESR Event Status Register ESE ESE 0 255 Event Status ESE Enable Register Read and write STB STB Status Byte Read only Register Logic
52. top edge see Figure 7 3 Finally mount the aluminum cable separator between power supply and flat ribbon cables Loosen the two top screws of the power supply binding posts and place cable separator between side panel and binding posts fasten the two screws again E E gt J 4 F 8 ILI 2 6 x 4 amp Remove three screws each on the left and right hand side of the hood and slide it over the top of the B s instrument 85 E E 8 Figure 7 1 shows the physical location of the Option Assembly Figure 7 2 shows the flat ribbon j F e 5 ah E connecting cables from the Option Assembly to the Processor Assembly and from the Option Assembly a P E i 9 4 to the rear panel q at P To install the Option Assembly remove first the front panel Along the left and right front edge there o M ip 3 are 4 and along the bottom edge there are 2 screws Unscrew them and slide out the front panel SU 3 p a 5 ET nt 2 disconnect J21 display connector and put the front panel face down between the two instrument side 5 8 2 e Bai s 5 8 abou a ASsem BEEN R stray EF 7 1 7 2 the top edge c Fold 8H pol flat ribbon cable imei dhesive clip Mount flat ribbon sci EHIH L oo he 713 559 Ld TAGI 32985
53. y in section 1 of this manual before using the instrument This 1 and 3 phase Power Analyzer is designed for bench top field service and system application Some features provided by the Power Analyzer are e Large blue LCD monitor 120 x 64mm 240x128 pixels e Fully menu controlled operation with only 11 membrane keys e Meter mode and graphics mode e Measures and computes all electrical quantities of current voltage power energy and harmonics of current voltage and power simultaneously e Frequency measurement 0 1Hz 500kHz e AC and AC DC for individual quantities e Built in integrator e Harmonic Analysis of current voltage and power e Bar graph and wave form display e Wide voltage and current range 15mA 40A e High common mode rejection ratio 2 1 OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES Five option packages are available Options 01 through 03 can be installed at the factory or by the customer on site Option 04 must be installed at the factory e Option 01 contains the RS 232 serial interface and the Centronics printer output e Option 02 contains the RS 232 serial interface the Centronics printer output and the IEEE 488 interface The IEEE 488 interface complies with the 488 1 and the 488 2 1987 standard e Option 03 contains the RS 232 serial interface the Centronics printer output the IEEE 488 interface four programmable 5V analog outputs and eight analog inputs 2 1 e Option 04 contains a 3 phase
54. y of current can be selected with the control key M5 In the frequency range 2 5Hz to 300Hz the graph shows one cycle and above 300Hz two or more cycles The time base is given by the frequency indication in the display number field The top of the vertical axis is given in mA or A and is automatically scaled Menu u t Finally the wave form display of voltage can be selected by pressing the control key M6 In the frequency range 2 5 300Hz one cycle is displayed and above 300Hz two or more cycles The time base is given by the frequency indication in the display number field e g the frequency indication shows 100 0Hz then one cycle corresponds to 10ms The vertical axis 1s automatically scaled and the top of the scale is given in mV or V 5 10 SHORT TIME INTEGRATOR The following quantities can be integrated for the duration of the selected measurement time real apparent and reactive power and rectified mean current The resulting values are energy in Wh apparent energy in VAh reactive energy in Varh and charge in Ah The sign of the quantity to be integrated is taken into account that is the displayed energy can be negative This is how you activate the short time integrator for a specific quantity let s say for active power Move the cursor to active power and press SET The third menu along the bottom edge of the display shows dt indicating that active power is one of the quantities that can be integrated When you press now

Model 2400 - Valhalla Scientific, Inc

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