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Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Operation

1. AMET Urn mernani T ToC Chet nnnnnnnnunnnnnnmn Figure A 1 Location of EPROM Chips on APS Spectrometer Digital P C Board 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Use the EPROM removal tool provided with the new EPROM chips to remove one of the old chips Remove the new EPROM with the same seven digit part number from its static protection bag Install the new chip into the vacant socket by aligning the notch on the top center of the chip with the notch shown on the silkscreen Then while supporting the printed circuit board with one hand behind it slightly insert one row of pins and then the other Once both rows of pins are slightly inserted press the EPROM firmly the rest of the way into the socket Inspect the socket to make sure that all pins are inserted into the socket Repeat steps 8 to 13 to replace the remaining EPROM Tilt the digital printed circuit board back down until the ribbon cable connector can be plugged back into the board Plug in the ribbon cable connector Tilt the digital printed circuit board down fully and fasten with the screws provided Replace the cover on the in
2. ssseseeeenene 2 3 2 3 Serial Port Connector on the Back of the Model 3321 2 4 2 4 O Port ofthe Model 3321 APS Spectrometer ssc 2 5 3 1 Front Panel of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer 3 2 3 2 Model 3321 Menu Layout eene 3 3 3 3 Back Panel of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer 3 5 3 4 24V DC Power Input Pin Designations eeens 3 6 3 5 1 0 Port Pin Designations 3 7 3 6 Internal Diagram of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer 3 9 4 1 APS Spectrometer Menu sess 4 2 5 1 Aerosol Flow Through the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer 5 2 5 2 APS Spectrometer Optics Cross Section 5 4 5 3 Typical Example of a Double Crested Signal eee 5 5 A 1 Location of EPROM Chips on APS Spectrometer Digital PC BOardiic d dedita A 9 C 1 SERIAL PORT Pin Designations seseee mm C 1 C 2 Serial Command Tables sss C 4 3 1 Power Connections for 24V DC Power Input ccc eee 3 6 3 2 Signal Levels for I O Port Configurations sssseeeee 3 7 4 1 Description of Menu Items sesser 4 3 A 1 Maintenance Schedule eene A 1 B 1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Recommendations B 1 C 1 Signal Connections for RS 232 Configurations sssss C 2 C 2 Digital Output Pin Settings ssssse me C 8 C 3 Analog Voltage Output Settings senene C 11 C 4 Troubleshooting Serial C
3. Default at power up autocal is enabled SMT Set Mode and Sample Time SMT lets you set the sample mode and sample time for continuous sampling operation See S command for more details on starting stopping sampling according to SMT command SMTa t where a sample mode O means averaging mode 1 means summing mode 2 means correlated data paired mode t sample time in seconds 1 to 300 seconds if averaging mode is set 1 to 65535 seconds if summing mode or correlated data paired mode is set Note The value of t is saved in EEPROM and loaded when the instrument is powered up Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer Examples To set the sample mode to averaging and the sample time to 240 seconds SMTO 240 To set the sample mode to summing and the sample time to 12 hours SMT1 43200 To set the sample mode to correlated data paired and the sample time to 60 minutes SMT2 3600 Note Baud rate must be set to 38 400 for correlated mode See SB command Baud rate can also be set from the front panel menu see Table 4 1 SP Set Pumps SP lets you turn the pumps on and off Spx y where x total pump status 0 off 1 on y sheath pump status 0 off 1 on Note Turn both pumps on with SP1 Turn both pumps off with SPO Examples To set the total pump off and the sheath pump on SPO 1 To set the total pump on and the sheath pump off SP1 0 Using Serial Da
4. M vii Manilio tr tra ene see terere re et drea rU ERR ee FERE ERYERRAS vii Caution or Warning Symbols sse vii About This Manual n innrnr ias cina d xni raisin acra Ea a ni ass nni ra RR un ERR RR RR FR xiii ic xiii Related Product Literature essseeeeenn xiii Getting Help uta eb POPE xiii Submitting Corriments diceres terere Ea ea a Fut teh rade dede eds Xiv CHAPTER 1 Product Overview errrrnnnnn n na 1 1 Product Descriptiori e ei did RE RD ER 1 1 pecus 1 2 How the 3321 Operates seesinane erneer 1 2 SystemoHIStOrya tct obe a delete epe eco e rede ord Waite fete 1 4 CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and System Setup 2 1 Packirg Lista ue enda etm 2 1 Mounting the Sensor nennen nnne 2 1 Ventilation Requirements sssseee eee 2 2 Power COhnectiori ce cott ret a ca LE Pe DA 2 3 Connecting the Computer ssessessseseee ees 2 4 VO POM c n 2 4 BNC Connectors o e eser eri aie e reete ci rc vd FE der Cd 2 5 CHAPTER 3 Description of the APS Spectrometer 3 1 FrontP anelziice tcn metere ete e cer D dva Pe du 3 1 Inlet yA A E p ox tarte deett eei ete tob M E ors Edd 3 4 Indicators 4d rececteeeo tii te res ere ian os tr eee PE vcr Cre enti 3 4 BaclePariel ith ater eaten irn PEE ED P ea aa 3 4 AC Power Connector etae tie odd i ne ra dede ats 3 5 DC Powerlnput hber p Ere ia Fed D eiai 3
5. Refer to Chapter 5 Theory of Operation for a detailed description Product Overview 1 3 System History The first APS spectrometer manufactured by TSI was designated the Model 3300 It consisted of a sensor with a parallel interface to an Apple II computer This sensor was the first self contained real time instrument to give aerodynamic particle size in the 0 5 to 15 um range The sensor was based on work done by Agarwal and Fingerson 1979 and was in production from 1982 to 1987 In 1987 the Model 3310 APS spectrometer was released It used a serial interface to an IBM PC This sensor had timer improvements allowing it to detect particles from 0 5 to 30 pm In 1993 the Model 3310 APS spectrometer received a face lift and some minor engineering changes This brought the instrument up to date in terms of electrical compliance and replaced obsolete parts A new color scheme brought the APS spectrometer into line with the family of TSI scientific particle instruments The Model 3320 APS spectrometer is a complete redesign of earlier APS spectrometer models and began shipping in early 1997 This smaller ruggedized sensor includes improvements such as a front panel display solid state laser and avalanche photodetector automatic flow control barometric pressure compensation and error reducing signal processing Collecting and analyzing data from the Model 3320 is possible with the Windows XP or Vista 32
6. The Serial Port is a standard RS 232 serial connection that allows communications between the system computer and the Model 3321 APS spectrometer Serial commands are sent to and from the computer to provide instrument status and collect data information If you are developing specialized software for the APS spectrometer or performing troubleshooting refer to Appendix C Using Serial Data Commands This appendix provides a complete description of the Serial Data Commands as well as signal connections Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer 1 0 Port This 15 pin D subminiature connector port provides three digital input and three digital output pins It allows various signals to be sent to a data logger or control switches Refer to Appendix C Using Serial Data Commands for serial commands to control the I O Port This port also has two analog input pins to allow data logging of analog voltages for external devices such as temperature sensors or relative humidity sensor 8765 43 2 1 E amp e e e e e e S e 9 0o o o o i 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 Figure 3 5 I O Port Pin Designations Table 3 2 Signal Levels for I O Port Configurations Pin Number I O Signal Levels 1 Digital Input 1 0 5V 2 Digital Input 2 0 5V 3 Digital Input 3 0 5V 4 5 Digital GND Ground 6 5V Digital Supply Out 5V 7 Analog Input 1 0 to 10V 8 Analog Input 2 0 to 10V 9 10 Digital GND Ground 11 Di
7. internal box temperature in degrees C ex 31 5 dtemp detector temperature for APD and optics in degrees C ex 25 5 Vop APD operating voltage in volts How to Input Commands and Troubleshoot the Results Use the following information as a guide to inputting software commands and for troubleshooting possible problems Input Guidelines Input all alpha characters as capital letters SMZ not smz Separate parameters with commas not spaces Q Ifyou are ina command string use the lt Backspace gt key to back up and make changes Do not use lt arrow gt keys Q At the end of a command string press lt Enter gt to complete the string Troubleshooting Input Use Table C 4 as a troubleshooting guide Using Serial Data Commands C 29 Table C 4 Troubleshooting Serial Commands Error message after pressing lt Enter gt No response after pressing lt Enter gt An invalid command command does not exist An invalid parameter which includes too many parameters or a parameter that is out of range Incorrect syntax In unpolled mode Serial cable Incorrect COM port Incorrect baud rate RS232 chip on the Model 3321 Model 3321 is locked up Figure C 2 in this section The command showing the range and an example Input Guidelines in this section Use the U0 command to disable unpolled mode Enter U1 if an OK is returned Check the cable and the cable connection See Chapter 2
8. Begin Unpolled Operation Enables and disables unpolled operation Ux where x isOor I U1 enables unpolled operation and clears continuous running average buffers UO disables unpolled operation U Enable All Records Enables all unpolled records See Data Records in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter U Disable All Records Disables all unpolled records C 22 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer UA Generate Accumulator Report Record Report Record A Enables and disables reporting of Record A in unpolled operation UAx where x 1 Enables A Record x O Disables A Record UA will echo current setting O or 1 See Record A in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter UB Generate Side Scatter Accumulator Report Record Report Record B Enables and disables reporting of Record B in unpolled operation UBx where x 1 Enables B Record x O Disables B Record UB will echo current setting O or 1 See Record B in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter UC Generate Correlated Paired Report Record Report Record C Enables and disables reporting of Record C in unpolled operation UCx where x 1 Enables C Record X 0 Disables C Record UC will echo current setting O or 1 See Record C in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter Using Serial Data Commands C 23 UD Generate Aerodynamic Data
9. size channel cl cm particle counts in each pulse height accumulator bin no zeros Aerodynamic TOF Data Record D CS D ANX tindex ffff stime dtime evt1 evt3 evt4 total d1 d2 d3 dn CS Checksum D Aerodynamic Data Record A A for Averaging Mode S for Summed Mode C for Correlated Mode N N for normal operation A if in autocal mode D if in autocal and autocal was done at the beginning of this sample x X for spare position tindex time index O to sample time value 1 note if enabled for unpolled operation the record is always reported when tindex 0 ffff 4 digit hex value for status flags see RF command stime sample time not corrected for dead time dtime dead time ms for 3321 us for 3320 evtl number of single hump events evt3 number of 3 hump events evt4 number of timer overflow events total total 2 hump particles measured sum of reported channels evt 2 dl dn particle counts in calibrated diameter channels n determined by SCA data usually 52 Using Serial Data Commands C 27 SS Data Record S CS S ANX tindex ffff stime dtime evt1 evt3 evt4 total hl h2 h3 hn CS Checksum S Side Scatter Data Record A A for Averaging Mode S for Summed Mode C for Correlated Mode N N for normal operation A if in autocal mode D if in autocal and autocal was done at the beginning of this sample X X for spare position tindex time index 0 to sample time valu
10. 2 bl bn particle counts in each pulse height accumulator bin n 64 Correlated Paired Data Record C The C record is a multi record report with a header CO followed by n more records C1 Cn CS C 0 PNX tindex ffff stime dtime evt1 evt3 evt4 total n m the C records only available in Correlated mode CS Checksum C Correlated Paired Data Record 0 0 indicates header record for C data report P C for Correlated Mode N N for normal operation A if in autocal mode D if in autocal and autocal was done at the beginning of this sample X X for spare position tindex time index 0 to sample time value 1 note if enabled for unpolled operation the record is always reported when tindex 0 ffff 4 digit hex value for status flags see RF command stime sample time not corrected for dead time dtime dead time ms for 3321 ps for 3320 evtl number of single hump events Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer evt3 number of 3 hump events evt4 number of timer overflow events total total 2 hump particles measured sum of reported channels evt 2 n number of C TOF records to follow this record m number of SS fields per record set by SCR command CS C n cl c2 c3 cm CS Checksum C correlated paired data record n C1 to Cn records of correlated data where n is the number of the aerodynamic dia chan each record contains data for one aerodynamic particle
11. 3 and Figure C 1 This communication port is configured at the factory to work with RS 232 type devices Table C 1 provides the signal connections Figure C 1 SERIAL PORT Pin Designations C 1 Baud Rate Parity 7 Bits Stop Bits and Commands C 2 Table C 1 Signal Connections for RS 232 Configurations Pin Number RS 232 Signal Transmit Output Receive Input GND OONAUNHBRWNFE The baud rate setting is the rate of communication in terms of bits per second baud The Model 3321 uses a baud rate setting of 9600 19 200 or 38 400 For proper communications make sure that all software used with the instrument is set at the appropriate rate The baud rate must be set to 38 400 for correlated mode See SMT and SB commands Even Parity is the additional bit that accompanies the seven data bits to confirm that they are transmitted correctly It is set so that the number of 1 data bits high in a transmitted character is always an even number The Model 3321 APS spectrometer uses even parity as the only setting Flow Control The APS spectrometer uses a Stop bits setting of 1 and a Flow Control Setting of None The Model 3321 APS spectrometer uses an ASCII based communications protocol that uses the RS 232 port of a computer to transmit commands in the form of strings Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer The four types of commands are Q Set commands whi
12. 44 1494459200 E mail tsiuk tsi com Website www tsiinc co uk France Tel 33 491118764 E mail tsifrance tsi ccom Website www tsiinc fr Germany Tel 49 241 523030 E mail tsigmbh tsi com Website www tsiinc de ier SGENCE INNOVATION India Tel 91 80 41132470 E mail tsi india tsi com q e AR EU China Tel 86 1082516588 E mail tsibeijing tsi com Singapore Tel 465 6595 6388 E mail tsi singapore Q tsi com Contact your local TSI Distributor or visit our website www tsi com for more detailed specifications P N 1930092 Rev G Copyright 2012 by TSI Incorporated Printed in U S A
13. 5 Pump Exhaust succes re aee tee te p pts 3 6 T Inside dE 3 6 YO P OFE ute iot mta Ue eet EE 3 7 BNC Connectors eec t ree reden atc eb no d ee YR 3 7 Internal COMPONENTS ivi ce ie ae t ee bat ren 3 8 CHAPTER 4 APS Spectrometer Operation eren 4 1 Sample SetU Atminimas e Deeper rer cp recede ep ets 4 1 Collectinig Dat iiem esietrmone teh eet aieo 4 4 CHAPTER 5 Theory of Operation eere 5 1 Sample Flow Pathan tct eerte dette 5 1 Optics Paths isi beate d bene deste tea beds 5 3 Signal P rocessing P athi nire eite pete cederent 5 4 APD Mod le 3 ree PER th I T oer 5 4 Analog Module 2 et rette e detnr keen dta 5 5 Digital Module itte rtt itn ee teret reden 5 7 Particle oincidence de rte e ie ee rk dr RUIT 5 9 APPENDIX A Maintenance eren nennen nnn nnn nnn nnns A 1 Maintenance Schedule sse A 1 Cleaning the Inner Nozzle s sss A 1 Cleaning the Outer Nozzle sssssemeee e A 3 Replacing the Filters 1 nm ete eese nien A 6 Replacing the EPROM sssssseeeeeeeneeeneeeneeneen nennen nen A 7 Calibrating the APS Spectrometer ssrin A 10 APPENDIX B Troubleshooting ener B 1 APPENDIX C Using Serial Data Commands C 1 il aeromidenjim e C 1 Baud Rate LEE C 2 Parity 7 Bits E Ver 55 aarte Misiren id ectharvesieesalea
14. Positive is black letters on light background Negative is white letters on dark background Displays the version number of the firmware installed in the APS spectrometer Exit the Menu and display graphical information Collecting Data 4 4 After the Model 3321 APS spectrometer is set up and operating as desired use the computer and Aerosol Instrument Manager software to collect save interpret and print sample data Refer to the Aerosol Instrument Manager Software for APS Sensors Manual P N 1930064 for more information on operating the software Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer CHAPTER 5 Theory of Operation The Model 3321 is a time of flight spectrometer that measures the velocity of particles in an accelerating airflow through a nozzle In the instrument particles are confined to the centerline of an accelerating flow by sheath air They then pass through two broadly focused laser beams scattering light as they do so Side scattered light is collected by an elliptical mirror that focuses the collected light onto a solid state photodetector which converts the light pulses to electrical pulses By electronically timing between the peaks of the pulses the velocity can be calculated for each individual particle Velocity information is stored in 1024 time of flight bins Using a polystyrene latex PSL sphere calibration which is stored in non volatile memory the Model 3321 APS spec
15. Set Hi Conc Threshold SH lets you set the conditions that will cause the HI CONC LED to light the high concentration flag to be set see RF command and the APS spectrometer to beep if the sound is enabled see B command SHx where x 2 0 to 65535 and is the total concentration of particles in particles cm Note When x 0 the LED flag and beep are always on When x 65535 the LED flag and beep are always off The value of x at power up is 1000 particles cm The status of the LED is updated every second Examples To light the HI CONC LED when the concentration 21500 particles cm SH1500 Using Serial Data Commands C 9 To prevent the HI CONC LED from lighting at any concentration SH65535 SL Set Laser Power SL sets the laser power as a percent of full power SLX where x 0 to 100 The default when the instrument is powered up is 75 Example To set the laser power to 50 percent of full power SL50 Notes QO Lx command must be Enabled x 1 for laser to output power see Lx command Q An SL setting 10 may cause Laser LED on front panel to flash see Chapter 3 Indicators Q Front panel LED may flash if laser is not able to operate at set power This indicates that the laser has degraded and may need to be replaced Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer SMA Set Mode for Analog Output SMA sets the mode and range for the analog outpu
16. Unpacking and System Setup Check the COM port specified in the software Software must be set at 9600 19200 or 38400 baud to match instrument setting Also check computer hardware Contact TSI Refer to Contacting Customer Service Remove power from the Model 3321 then apply power to the instrument If the problem continues contact TSI Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer APPENDIX D Model 3321 Specifications The following specifications which are subject to change list the most important features of the Model 3321 Table D 1 Specifications of the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer APS Spectrometer The time of flight of individual particles is measured in an accelerating flow field Processing electronics measure the time of flight of the particle using a single high speed timing processor Phantom particle rejection is achieved through the use of a patent pending double crested optical system The particle size binning is based on an internally stored calibration curve Airborne solids and non volatile liquids 0 5 to 20 um aerodynamic size 0 3 to 20 um optical size PSL equivalent 1000 pt cm at 0 5 um with less than 5 coincidence 1 000 pt cm at 10 0 um with less than 10 coincidence Usable data up to 10 000 pt cm 32 channels per decade of particle size logarithmic This results in 52 channels total 1 024 bins of raw time of flight data 4 nsec per bin in uncorrelated
17. bit only or Windows 7 32 or 64 bit Aerosol Instrument Manager software The Model 3321 has several slight design and significant performance improvements over the 3320 for qualitative mass weighted distributions The sample eduction nozzle has been redesigned to more effectively transport particles out of the detection region to the exhaust This effectively eliminates recirculating particles under most operating conditions giving much better mass calculated distributions The Model 3321 also has improved signal and data processing allowing more aerodynamic size resolution in correlated mode with only slightly less pulse height resolution than the Model 3320 1 4 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Packing List CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and System Setup This chapter provides information concerning the accessories shipped with the sensor and describes basic setup procedures Table 2 1 provides a packing list of all items that should have been shipped to you as the APS spectrometer and accessory kit Please compare the list to the items you received If any items are missing notify TSI immediately Table 2 1 Accessories Packing List Qty Description Part No 1 Model 3321 Sensor 332100 1 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer 1930092 Manual 1 Aerosol Instrument Manager Software 390059 1 Aerosol Instrument Manager Software for AP S 1930064 Sensors Manual 1 Line Cord 1303053 o
18. connector 2 5 calibration A 10 Class laser v collecting data 4 4 connecting computer 2 4 description 1 1 3 1 front panel 3 1 3 2 history 1 4 I O port 2 4 2 5 indicators 3 4 inlet nozzle 3 4 inputting commands C 29 internal components 3 8 internal diagram 3 9 labels vi location of warning labels vi maintenance A 1 menu layout 3 3 mounting sensor 2 1 operation 1 2 4 1 optics cross section 5 4 overview 1 1 packing list 2 1 power connection 2 3 safety v sample setup 4 1 serial data commands C 1 serial port connector 2 4 setting up 2 1 specifications D 1 theory of operation 5 1 troubleshooting B 1 unpacking 2 1 ventilation requirements 2 2 analog module 5 5 differential circuit 5 6 gate circuit 5 5 Index analog module continued side scatter circuit 5 6 Analog Out 3 7 analog PC board 3 8 APD module 5 4 applications 1 2 APS see Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer APS menu screen 4 2 auxiliary data record Y C 28 back panel 3 4 3 5 baud rate C 2 beep C 15 begin unpolled operation C 22 BNC connector 2 5 BNC connectors 3 7 Analog Out 3 7 Pulse Out 3 8 Time of Flight 3 8 C calibration A 10 change graphic display 3 3 Class 1 laser v cleaning inner nozzle A 1 cleaning outer nozzle A 3 clear accumulator 3 3 clear buffer and sample time C 15 collecting data 4 4 commands C 2 inputting C 29 computer c
19. in the nozzle mount Note that there is an alignment pin that matches a slot in the side of the outer inlet Rotate the outer inlet until the inlet seats on the alignment pin Replace the cover on the instrument Tighten the six screws holding the cover in place Replace the outer inlet retaining ring and tighten firmly Insert the power cord into the power entry connector on the back of the instrument Apply power to the instrument with the switch on the back panel Check that the flows are correct Generate a known size of monodisperse aerosol such as Polystyrene latex PSL and make sure that the calibration has not been altered by the cleaning procedure If the instrument does not size correctly check the parts you have cleaned and make sure that they are assembled Maintenance A 5 correctly alignment pins in slots and retaining rings holding parts seated firmly 31 Ifthe instrument still does not size correctly it may have to be recalibrated Replacing the Filters Replace the four filters TSI P N 1602230 according to the maintenance schedule and under the following circumstances Q Ifthe pumps are at maximum power and still cannot achieve the correct flows for the instrument Q If the flow path has become wetted by any kind of liquid To replace the filters proceed as follows Make sure power is switched off and power cord is disconnected to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser radiation High voltag
20. line voltage specifications can be found in Appendix D Note Make certain the line cord is plugged into a grounded power outlet Position the Model 3321 so the power cord connector is easily accessible DC Power Input The DC power connector is a quarter turn quick connect entry point that allows you to power the APS spectrometer with a 22 to 26 VDC 24 VDC nominal 4A max power source This power could be supplied by aircraft power or two 12 VDC automotive batteries in series Contact TSI for the adapter cable TSI P N 1035551 and instructions on using this power method Description of the APS Spectrometer 3 5 3 6 DC POWER IN 24VDG 4A MAX Figure 3 4 24V DC Power Input Pin Designations Table 3 1 Power Connections for 24V DC Power Input Pin Number Signal 1 GND Chassis GRN YEL 2 24V Blue 3 GND Brown Shield 4 Chassis Shield Pump Exhaust Sample aerosol is exhausted through the Exhaust Port The pump exhaust connector is a 4 inch Swagelok style connector that allows control of the exhaust flow The exhaust can be vented to a hood or connected in line to equalize pressure when sampling from a chamber or in an aircraft The exhaust flow is 5 to 6 L min Make certain the exhaust tube allows the exhausted sample to flow freely check for crimps and constrictions If the aerosol sample is exhausted without tubing make certain you do not block the Pump Exhaust Serial Port
21. mode 0 02 um at 1 0 um diameter 0 03 um at 10 um diameter Programmable from 1 second to 18 hours Total flow 5 0 L min 1 Sheath flow 4 0 L min 1 Aerosol Sample 1 0 L min 10 feedback controlled Automatic correction between 400 and 1 030 mbar full correction between 700 and 1 030 mbar 10 to 40 C 50 to 104 F 10 to 90 RH non condensing 30 mW 655 nm laser diode Avalanche photodetector AP D 320 by 240 pixels 100 to 240 VAC 50 60 Hz 100 W single phase or 24 VDC RS 232 9 pin port 7 bits even parity 9600 19200 38400 baud Digital I O 15 pin port 3 input 3 output Analog and digital pulse BNC Configurable analog BNC 18 cm x 30 cm x 38 cm 7 in x 12 in x 15 in 10 kg 22 Ib D 1 Fuse not replaceable by user internal to power supply not accessible by operator T 6 3A SB 250V TSI and TSI logo are registered trademarks of TSI Incorporated D 2 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Index A AC power connector 3 5 accumulator TOF data record A C 25 action commands C 4 C 14 beep C 15 clear buffer and sample time C 15 dump C 15 fill accumulators C 15 go C 16 halt C 16 laser enable disable C 16 perform APD autocal C 14 quick concentration report C 16 sampling C 17 aerodynamic TOF data record D C 27 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer 1 2 aerosol flow 5 2 applications 1 2 back panel 3 4 3 5 BNC
22. the direction of the flow arrow on the filter before disconnecting it Lift up on a filter so that it comes out of its supporting clip Remove the tubing from each end by pushing the tubing from its end off of the filter rather than pulling the tubing off If any of the tubing becomes damaged replace it with an equivalent length of the same tubing Snap the filter back into its holding clip Replace each filter in turn until all four have been replaced Tilt the digital printed circuit board back down until the ribbon cable connector can be plugged back into the board Plug in the ribbon cable connector Tilt the digital printed circuit board down fully and fasten with the screws provided Replace the cover on the instrument Tighten the six screws holding the cover in place Replace the outer inlet retaining ring and tighten firmly Insert the power cord into the power entry connector on the back of the instrument Apply power to the instrument with the switch on the rear panel Check that the flows are correct EPROM Normally the EPROM will not be replaced however early shipments of the Model 3321 APS spectrometer may not have all functions features in place and therefore EPROM replacement will be necessary in the field To replace the EPROM proceed as follows Maintenance A 7 Make sure power is switched off and power cord is disconnected to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser radiation High voltage i
23. 1 100 Pumps On gt j Sound Off 10 0 Baud Rate 9600 Inlet Pressure mbar 994 7 Conc Sheath Flowrate lpm 4 00 Aerosol Flowrate lpm 1 00 ww Figure 3 2 Model 3321 Menu Layout Fine adjustment of the control knob i e moving from one channel to the next is best accomplished using the outer edge of the knob Faster movement i e scrolling across the screen to reach the menu is best accomplished using your index finger and the dimple in the knob Description of the APS Spectrometer 3 3 Inlet Nozzle The inlet nozzle on the top of the Model 3321 is designed so that aerosol can be sampled from a chamber or open air with good efficiency Tubing can be attached to the inlet to sample when necessary The inlet is 746 inches 18 9 mm in diameter for use with 34 inch Swagelok type connectors or with slightly smaller inner diameter flexible tubing Note Conductive tubing is recommended for use with the APS spectrometer to minimize particle loss due to electrostatic charge Suitable tubing is available from TSI Indicators There are five status LEDs on the APS spectrometer PARTICLE HI CONC FLOW LASER and POWER Q The amber PARTICLE LED blinks once each time a particle passes through the sensor In normal room air the LED will appear to be lit constantly When sampling aerosols in low concentrations the LED will appear to flicker Q The amber HI CONC LED indicates that the concentration of particles being s
24. 1 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer CHAPTER 1 Product Overview This chapter contains a product description of the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer APS spectrometer and a brief description of how the instrument operates Product Description The Model 3321 APS spectrometer shown in Figure 1 1 isa high performance general purpose particle spectrometer that measures both aerodynamic diameter and light scattering intensity The Model 3321 provides accurate count size distributions for particles with aerodynamic diameters from 0 5 to 20 micrometers um It detects light scattering intensity for particles from 0 3 to 20 um For setup and initial sampling the Model 3321 can be operated without a computer To save interpret or print data however it must be connected to a computer or some other data collection system The Aerosol Instrument Manager software with Model 3321 Module is included with the sensor to provide computer controlled operation and data interpretation The Model 3321 includes an LCD display and control knob The control knob is a rotary push button encoder that gives you an easy way to scan through data on the LCD Display as well as to display and change settings Using the control knob you can select functions and read operating parameters from a menu displayed on the screen Functions include start stop and length of measurement parameters include inlet pressure flow rate and temp
25. 3 VDC RL Read Laser Power Reads the current laser power output in percentage 96 of maximum milliwatts and current in milliamps ma Example Response RL 75 0 65 3 Indicates the laser power output is 75 percent of maximum output and current is 65 3 ma RO Read Accumulated On Time Reads the accumulated on time of the instrument in hours The time is updated once an hour and stored in EEROM Example Response RO 72 Indicates the Model 3321 has been on for approximately 72 hours RPI Read Inlet Pressure Reads the current absolute inlet pressure in millibars Example Response RPB 0135 3 Using Serial Data Commands C 19 RPS Read Sheath Delta P Reads the change in pressure across the sheath flow orifice in Pascals Example Response RPS 117 29 RPT Read Total Delta P Reads the change in pressure across the nozzle flow orifice in Pascals Example Response RPT 130 72 RQA Read Aerosol Sample Flow Reads the aerosol sample flow rate in liters per minute L min This is total flow rate minus sheath flow rate Example Response ROA 1 04 RQS Read Sheath Flow Reads the sheath flow rate in liters per minute L min Example Response ROS 3 96 RQT Read Total Flow Reads the total flow rate in liters per minute L min Example Response ROT 5 02 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer RR Read Record Reads records A B C D S or Y See description of re
26. E REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OR AT THE OPTION OF SELLER THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE GOODS IN THE CASE OF SOFTWARE SELLER WILL REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE SOFTWARE OR IF UNABLE TO DO SO WILL REFUND THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE SOFTWARE IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR LOST PROFITS OR ANY SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES SELLER SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR INSTALLATION DISMANTLING OR REINSTALLATION COSTS OR CHARGES No Action regardless of form may be brought against S eller more than 12 months after a cause of action has accrued The goods retumed under warranty to Seller s factory shall be at Buyer s risk of loss and will be returned if at all at Seller s risk of loss Buyer and all users are deemed to have accepted this LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY which contains the complete and exclusive limited warranty of S eller This LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY may not be amended modified or its terms waived except by writing signed by an Officer of S eller Service Policy Trademarks Knowing that inoperative or defective instruments are as detrimental to TSI as they are to our customers our service policy is designed to give prompt attention to any problems If any mal function is discovered please contact your nearest sales office or representative or call TSI at 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 TSI TSI logo Aerodynamic Particle Sizer and Aerosol Instrument Manager are registered trade
27. P A RT E INSTRUMENTS Particle Sizers Model 3321 Aerodynamic P article Sizer Spectrometer Operation and Service Manual P N 1930092 Revision G February 2012 D N q b SCIENCE INNOVATION Start Seeing the Benefits of Registering Today Thank you for your TSI instrument purchase Occasionally TSI releases information on software updates product enhancements and new products By registering your instrument TSI will be able to send this important information to you http register tsi com As part of the registration process you will be asked for your comments on TSI products and services TSI s customer feedback program gives customers like you a way to tell us how we are doing TSI Incorporated USA Website www tsi com UK Website www tsiinc co uk Germany Website www tsiinc de France Website www tsiinc fr Singapore E mail _ tsi singapore tsi com Manufacturer of TSI Arg ow Instruments and Alnor products P N 2980174 Rev F Copyright 2010 by TSI Incorporated e Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Operation and Service Manual Product Overview Unpacking and System Setup Description of the APS Spectrometer APS Spectrometer Operations Theory of Operation Appendixes Manual History The following is a manual history of the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Part Number 1930092 Revision Prelimin
28. Report Record Report Record D Enables and disables reporting of Record D in unpolled operation UDx where x 1 Enables D Record X 0 Disables D Record UD will echo current setting O or 1 See Record D in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter US Generate Side Scatter Data Report Record Report Record S Enables and disables reporting of Record S in unpolled operation USx where x 1 Enables S Record X O Disables S Record US will echo current setting O or 1 See Record S in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter UY Generate Auxiliary Report Record Report Record Y Enables and disables reporting of Record Y in unpolled operation UYx where x 1 Enables Y Record X 0 Disables Y Record UY will echo current setting O or 1 See Record Y in the Unpolled Record Formats section of this chapter Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer Unpolled Record Formats The following are examples of unpolled record formats These records are comma delimited Accumulator TOF Data Record A CS A SNX tindex ffff stime dtime evt1 evt3 evt4 total al a2 a3 an the record is not available in Averaging or Correlated modes CS Checksum A Accumulator TOF Data Record S S for Summed Mode C Correlated mode N N for normal operation A if in autocal mode D if in autocal and autocal was done at the beginning of this sample X X for s
29. S C 24 unpolled record formats C 25 accumulator TOF data record A C 25 aerodynamic TOF data record D C 27 auxiliary data record Y C 28 correlated paired data record C C 26 SS accumulator data record B C 26 SS data record S C 28 Index 3 V ventilation requirements 2 2 view information 3 3 W X Y Z warning v warning labels location vi warranty iii Index 4 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer Reader s Comments Please help us improve our manuals by completing and returning this questionnaire to the address listed in the About This Manual chapter Feel free to attach a separate sheet of comments Manual Title Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer P N 1930092 Rev G 1 Was the manual easy to understand and use O Yes L No Please identify any problem area s Please rate the manual according to the following features Good Adequate Poor R eadability Accuracy L L Completeness is everything there L L Organization finding what you need L L Quality and number of illustrations L L Quality and number of examples L L Comments Rate your level of experience with the product Beginning L Intermediate Expert Please provide us with the following information Name Address TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 U S A USA Tel 1 800 874 2811 E mail particle tsi com Website www tsi com UK Tel
30. a valid particle event and occurs only when two zero crosses happen during a gate window Both the time of flight and light scatter intensity are recorded for this event Detection Threshold Event 3 Is a coincident event and occurs when three zero crosses happen during a gate window This is caused by a second particle entering the measurement area before the previous one has left Detection J hreshold Event 4 Is an over range event and occurs when a second zero cross does not occur and the window does not go away until after the timer over ranges exceeds 4 096 us This happens when a very large particle or a recirculating particle travels very slowly through the measurement area E Detection Threshold 4 096u0s The second PAL is the Counting PAL and is used by the address PAL to record all events Events 1 3 and 4 each have their own location in memory and are reported in the headers of the A B C D and S records The events are recorded in bins of the accumulator as reported in the A record as follows Event 1 in bin 32 Event 3 in bin 33 Event 4 in bin 34 Event 2 can be totaled by adding bins 100 through 1023 of the accumulator Event 2 is recorded in memory according to the time of flight reported The side scatter intensity is also recorded for each Event 2 The APS spectrometer can be configured to record data in two different modes uncorrelated and correlated Model 3321 Aerodyna
31. ad firmware version C 22 read flags C 18 read inlet pressure C 19 read input from pins 1 2 3 and 7 8 of the I O connector C 19 read laser power C 19 read record C 21 read sheath Delta P C 20 read sheath flow C 20 read temperature in box C 21 read temperature of detector C 21 read temperature of inlet C 21 read total Delta P C 20 read total flow C 20 related product literature xiii replacing EPROM A 7 replacing filters A 6 restart sample 3 3 S safety v sample flow path 5 1 sample setup 4 1 sampling C 17 sensor mounting 2 1 serial data commands C 1 action commands C 4 see also action commands baud rate C 2 commands C 2 parity C 2 pin connectors C 1 read polled commands C 4 read commands polled see also read commands polled set commands C 4 see also set commands stop bits and flow control C 2 unpolled commands C 4 see also unpolled commands unpolled record formats see also unpolled record formats serial port 3 6 serial port connector 2 4 set analog output voltage C 14 set baud rate C 5 set calibration environment C 7 set calibration for aerodynamic diameters C 6 set calibration label string C 6 set calibration resolution C 7 set commands C 4 C 5 set analog output voltage C 14 set baud rate C 5 set calibration environment C 7 set calibration for aerodynamic diameters C 6 set calibration label string C 6 set calibration resoluation C 7 set digital outp
32. amic Data R eport Record Report Record D 2 55 tcn deese A tonitru oed US Generate Side Scatter Data Report Record Report Record S iuis diiit eden Gras itera ee UY Generate Auxiliary Report Record Report Record Y Unpolled Record Formats Accumulator TOF Data Record A eseemmR SS Accumulator Data Record B Correlated Paired Data Record C ssseessss Aerodynamic TOF Data Record D esseere SS Data Record S i dieta tete ea a debes Auxiliary Data Record Y How to Input Commands and Troubleshoot the Results Input Guldeliles eus certi rr Er peret erepti ete Troubleshooting Input sssseeeees Reader s Comments Contents 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 29 29 xi Figures Tables xii 1 Location of Warning and Information Labels essees vi 1 1 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer 1 2 1 2 Double Crested Signal From Particles Passing Through Overlapping BEAMS eee ese eeteeene eens eters eeeeteeeeeetaeeaeenaeeeaeees 1 3 2 1 Remove the Rubber Feet on the Base Plate to Mount the Model 3321 on Another Surface sssssssssseeee 2 2 2 2 Install the Sensor on a Clean Hard Surface and Provide Adequate Clearance for Ventilation
33. ampled is above the recommended level to prevent coincidence see Chapter 5 Theory of Operation When this LED is lit many of the particles are ignored in the counting process since they cannot be accurately sized The default setting is 1000 particles cm Q The green FLOW LED indicates that both the sample and sheath airflows are within their specified range Q The green LASER LED indicates that the laser is on and functioning properly A flashing LED may mean that the laser is not able to operate at the set power See SL command Q The green POWER LED indicates that power is supplied to the instrument Back Panel As shown in Figure 3 3 the back panel of the APS spectrometer Model 3321 allows for power and data connections The back panel also has a pump exhaust port and a fan The cooling fan has a finger guard to prevent fingers pens etc from being poked into the fan 9Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Companies Solon Ohio 3 4 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer AC Power in w switch DC Power in Pump Exhaust Cooling Fan Serial P ort Analog Out Time Of Flight Pulse Out I O Port Figure 3 3 Back Panel of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer AC Power Connector The AC Power Connector accepts the line cord supplied to provide AC power to the sensor The connector has a built in on off switch Power consumption and
34. ance of this instrumentis included Warning Warning means that unsafe use of the instrument could result in serious injury to you or cause irrevocable damage to the instrument Follow the procedures prescribed in this manual to use the instrument safely Caution or Warning Symbols The following symbols may accompany cautions and warnings to indicate the nature and consequences of hazards Warns you that uninsulated voltage within the instrument may have sufficient magnitude to cause electric shock Therefore itis dangerous to make any contact with any part inside the instrument Warns you that the instrument contains a laser and that important information about its safe operation and maintenance is included Therefore you should read the manual carefully to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser radiation Warns you that the instrument is susceptible to electro static discharge ESD and ESD protection procedures should be followed to avoid damage Indicates the connector is connected to earth ground and cabinet ground S afety vii Contents Manual History 1 eeeeeee rennen nnn nnnm nnnm nni naa nnno nuu nant ii Warranty eeeeeeeeeeer rere a raa a i HR ER RR RE LU B LR RR HU HH HR a 6 iii Hii m v EIU HM vi Description of Caution Warning S ymbols seeeeee vii BC IDIIPMEERTERTUT
35. aning Inner Nozzle 750 Cleaning Outer Nozzle 2500 Replace Air Filters 5000 Check U pdate 5000 user factory Calibration Cleaning the Inner Nozzle Clean the nozzles according to the maintenance schedule and also under the following circumstances Q The flows in the instrument are too low or erratic Q The APS spectrometer has been exposed to extremely high aerosol concentrations or fibers Q There is a constant level of particle noise even when the APS spectrometer samples filtered air A 1 A 2 To clean the nozzles proceed as follows Make sure power is switched off and power cord is disconnected to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser radiation High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Caution The electronic circuits within this instrument are susceptible to electro static discharge ESD damage Use ESD precautions to avoid damage Q Use only a table top with a grounded conducting surface Q Wear a grounded static discharging wrist strap 1 Switch the power off using the switch on the back of the cabinet and unplug the power cord from the APS spectrometer Remove the knurled retaining ring from the outer inlet nozzle Loosen the six screws on both sides of the cabinet two turns is sufficient and remove the cover straight upward 4 Remove the outer inle
36. ary Preliminary 2 Final omnmoou Date March 1997 September 1997 November 1997 October 1998 July 2000 December 2001 January 2002 August 2002 January 2004 July 2009 February 2012 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Part Number Copyright Address Email Address World Wide Web Site Fax No Limitation of Warranty and Liability effective J une 2011 Warranty 1930092 Revision G February 2012 TSI Incorporated 1997 2012 All rights reserved TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 USA particle tsi com www tsi com 651 490 3824 For country specific terms and conditions outside of the USA please visit www tsi com Seller warrants the goods sold hereunder under normal use and service as described in the Operator s manual shall be free from defects in workmanship and material for 12 months or if less the length of time specified in the operator s manual from the date of shipment to the customer This warranty period is inclusive of any statutory warranty This limited warranty is subject to the following exclusions and exceptions a Hot wire or hot film sensors used with research anemometers and certain other components when indicated in specifications are warranted for 90 days from the date of shipment b Pumps are warranted for hours of operation as set forth in product or operator s manuals c Parts repaired or replaced as a result of repair services are wa
37. ch set all the operating parameters for the APS spectrometer Q Action commands which control mechanical components of the APS spectrometer Q Read polled commands in which the APS spectrometer sends data in response to a specific request from the computer Q Unpolled commands in which the APS spectrometer automatically outputs data records at specific intervals No line feed characters are transmitted Either the requested data or an OK is returned if the command is understood The word ERROR is returned if the command is not understood or if the command has an invalid parameter Note All characters must be UPPERCASE The following tables Figure C 2 provide a quick reference to all the serial commands Command definitions syntax and examples begin after the tables Directions for issuing commands and troubleshooting commands are provided at the end of this section continued on next page Using Serial Data Commands C 3 Set Commands Set Baud rate SBx Set Calibration for Aerodynamic diameters SCAc sct Set Calibration Label string Set Calibration Environment SCEp t Set Calibration Resolution SCRx Set Digital output SDx Set Front panel enable SFx Set Hi Conc threshold SHx Set Laser power SLx Set Mode for Analog output SMAx Set Mode for automatic Calibration of APD SMCx Set Mode and sample Time SMTa t Set Pumps SPx Set Time for Unpolled report STUx Set analog out
38. cords in following subsection RRx where x A B C D S or Y records Note To read C record you must be in correlated mode see SMT command Example Response RRA Record A is returned RTB Read Temperature in Box Reads the internal temperature of the Model 3321 Example Response RTB 298 2 Indicates the internal temperature is 298 2 K or 25 0 C RTD Read Temperature of Detector APD Reads the APD and optics temperature of the Model 3321 Example Response RTD 306 6 Indicates the APD and optics temperature is 306 6 K or 33 4 C RTI Read Temperature of Inlet Reads the inlet temperature constant of the Model 3321 This constant is used for flow control only and is fixed Example Response RTI 294 7 Indicates the inlet temperature is 294 7 K or 21 5 C Using Serial Data Commands C 21 RV Read Firmware Version Reads the current version level of the Model 3321 firmware Example Response RV Model 3321 APS Firmware Version 1 12 13 Dec 2001 Unpolled Commands Using unpolled commands instructs the Model 3321 to automatically output data records at specific intervals In unpolled mode O disables a record and 1 enables the record During unpolled operation records that have been enabled are sent at the end of each averaging time All U parameters are retained in EEPROM Not all records available in all modes e g UAx command is not available in correlated mode and may return ERROR U
39. d the digital gate GATE signal goes active When the signal drops back below the threshold the GATE signal goes inactive The time during which the GATE signal is active is called the gate window Differential Circuit The differential circuit produces a digital difference DIFF signal that indicates the zero crossings of the differentiated double crested analog signal which occur when the slope of the signal is equal to Zero Zero crossings DIFF signal transitions are positive going for a valley and negative going for a peak The time between the negative going zero crossings of the differential signal the peaks of the double crested analog signal is called the transit time or time of flight TOF of the particle This time ranges from about 800 ns to 4 1 ps It is this time along with the calibration of the instrument that determines the aerodynamic size of the particle The differential circuit produces the differential signal by taking two different taps from the delay line used in the gate circuit roughly 300 ns apart and delayed from the first tap of the gate circuit by 20 ns These two signals are then subtracted from each other filtered gained clamped and then filtered again This produces a analog difference signal both positive and negative that is analogous to a differential signal This difference signal is compared against a difference threshold typically O V and is set via a potentiometer adjustment at the fact
40. display on Press or rotate the control knob To view information about a specific Turn the control knob so that the cursor is positioned on the bar of the channel displayed on the graph appropriate channel The channel size and concentration are displayed at the bottom of the screen The scale automatically changes to accommodate the sample range and mode To clear the accumulator Turn the control knob all the way to the right of the display This will cause three buttons to appear at the bottom of the screen Continue turning until the Clear button is highlighted then press the control knob To start or restart a sample Turn the control knob all the way to the right of the display This will cause three buttons to appear at the bottom of the screen Continue turning until the Start button is highlighted then press the control knob To change from the graphic display to the Turn the control knob all the way to the right of the display This will cause system Menu three buttons to appear at the bottom of the screen Continue turning until the Menu button is highlighted then press the control knob The Menu is shown in Figure 3 2 and allows you to select various sampling parameters and view many system parameters Refer to Chapter 4 fora description of how to make selections and change values on the Menu Ae rodaam kc Partick Size 10K Sample Time s 60s gt i Sample Mode Summed PU PK d Sample Type Continuous gt
41. e 1 note if enabled for unpolled operation the record is always reported when tindex 0 ffff 4 digit hex value for status flags see RF command stime sample time not corrected for dead time dtime dead time ms for 3321 ps for 3320 evtl number of single hump events evt3 number of 3 hump events evt4 number of timer overflow events total total 2 hump particles measured sum of reported channels evt 2 hl hn particle counts in SS channels n set by SCR command Auxiliary Data Record Y CS Y bpress tflow sflow a0 a1 d0 d1 d2 Ipower lcur spumpv tpumpv itemp btemp dtemp Vop CS Checksum Y Auxiliary Data Record bpress barometric inlet pressure average over sample time tflow total flow average over sample time sflow sheath flow average over sample time a0 Analog input voltage O I O connector pin 7 ref to pin 15 average over sample time al Analog input voltage 1 I O connector pin 8 ref to pin 15 average over sample time dO Digital input level of I O connector pin 1 ref to GND pins 9 10 dl Digital input level of I O connector pin 2 ref to GND pins 9 10 d2 Digital input level of I O connector pin 3 ref to GND pins 9 10 lpower laser power of maximum power lcur laser current ma spumpv sheath pump voltage Model 3321 Aerodynamic P article Sizer Spectrometer tpumpv total pump voltage itemp inlet temperature in degrees C ex 25 5 btemp
42. e is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Caution The electronic circuits within this instrument are susceptible to electro static discharge ESD damage Use ESD precautions to avoid damage Q Use only a table top with a grounded conducting surface Q Wear a grounded static discharging wrist strap gt gt amp 1 Switch the power off using the switch on the back of the cabinet and unplug the power cord from the APS spectrometer Remove the knurled retaining ring from the outer inlet nozzle Loosen the six screws on both sides of the cabinet two turns is sufficient and remove the cover straight upward 4 Remove the two screws securing the digital printed circuit board 5 Tilt the printed circuit board upward and remove the large ribbon cable connector from the center front of the board A 6 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer Replacing the 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Tilt the printed circuit board all the way back so that the pumps are visible and the board rests against the top edge of the back of the instrument The APS spectrometer contains a lot of tubing To easily keep track of the connections disconnect the tubing from one filter at a time and replace it rather than disconnecting all tubing at once Also make note of
43. e menu button is shown Press the control knob in so that the menu appears Rotate the knob to scroll the cursor down the menu until the laser power item is highlighted Make sure that the setting is 5096 or higher factory setting is 7596 Note changing the power setting from the instrument calibration setting will change the calibration Rotate the knob to scroll the cursor down the menu until the laser item is highlighted Press the control knob to toggle the laser on if necessary Exit the menu If the laser is off when you exit the menu the APS spectrometer will not turn it on at power up If itis on when you exit the menu it will turn on when the APS spectrometer is powered up No power Check for good contact between the power cord and the wall outlet Check for power atthe outlet Serial Communications not working See Table C 4 Troubleshooting Serial Commands B 2 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer APPENDIX C Using Serial Data Commands This chapter contains information you need if you are writing your own software for a computer or data acquisition system Information includes Q Pin connectors Baud rate Parity Command definitions and syntax D D oO DO Examples as well as input and troubleshooting directions are also provided Pin Connectors The Model 3321 has a single 9 pin D subminiature connector port on the back panel labeled SERIAL PORT See Figure 3
44. e to the accelerated flow of the sample aerosol through a nozzle The aerodynamic size of a particle determines its rate of acceleration with larger particles accelerating more slowly due to increased inertia As particles exit the nozzle the time of flight between the Model 3321s two laser beams is recorded and converted to aerodynamic diameter using a calibration curve Previous time of flight spectrometers used two tightly focused laser beams resulting in two distinct signals for each particle As shown in Figure 1 2 the Model 3321 overlaps the two laser beams producing one double crested beam profile Each particle creates a single continuous signal that has two crests Particles with only one crest phantom particles or more than two crests coincidence error are not used in building size distribution calculations they are logged for user defined post analysis concentration correction The result is an extremely accurate count distribution with almost no background noise to distort mass distribution calculations Light Scatter to Electrical Pulse Figure 1 2 Double Crested Signal From Particles Passing Through Overlapping Beams The Model 3321 also provides a light scattering measurement by examining each particle s side scatter signal intensity This measurement produces a second distribution that can be plotted against aerodynamic size to gain additional information about the aerosol sample
45. erature During the sampling process the size distribution is shown on screen in real time You can also use the control knob to focus on a specific channel of the sensor and obtain detailed information about the concentration particle size and total particle count Five LEDs on the front panel provide a visual indication of the status of important sensor functions 1 1 Applications A PARTICLE M CONC ROW LASER S E 5 c 5 AERODYNAMIC PARTICLE SIZER Figure 1 1 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer The Model 3321 APS spectrometer has application in the following areas Ooooovovodovooo D Inhalation toxicology Atmospheric studies Ambient air monitoring Drug delivery studies Powder sizing Filter and air cleaner testing Indoor air quality monitoring Biohazard detection Basic research Characterization of test aerosols used in particle instrument calibration Performance evaluations of other aerodynamic devices Pesticide herbicide droplet calibration tests How the 3321 Operates Aerodynamic diameter is the most important size parameter because it determines a particle s airborne behavior The Model 3321 is specifically engineered to perform aerodynamic size measurements in real time using low particle accelerations 1 2 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Time of flight particle sizing technology involves measuring the acceleration of aerosol particles in respons
46. gital Output 1 0 5V 12 Digital Output 2 0 5V 13 Digital O utput 3 0 5V 14 Digital GND Ground 15 Analog GND Ground BNC Connectors Three BNC connectors provide the following signals Analog Out The Analog Out BNC connector provides a programmable analog signal that can be sent to a strip chart recorder or other analog device Refer to Appendix C Using Serial Data Commands for serial commands that control the signal output Description of the APS Spectrometer 3 7 Time of Flight The Time of Flight BNC connector provides a digital signal corresponding to the gated level of the raw analog time of flight signal for each particle Pulse Out The Pulse Out BNC connector provides amplified raw signals from the photodetector This signal can be used with an oscilloscope for example to examine secondary characteristics of the pulses Internal Components 3 8 The location of the functional systems and electronics of the Model 3321 APS spectrometer are shown in Figure 3 6 and include Digital PC board Q Power Supply Q Analog PC board Q Optics O Sheath flow pump Q Detector PC board Q Total flow pump Q Laser PC board a Filters Q Power PC board The only serviceable components of the Model 3321 APS spectrometer are the filters which require routine maintenance refer to Appendix A For a general description of these components refer to Chapter 3 Description of the APS Spectrometer For a
47. hanged except for diagnostic purposes Changing this setting will alter the calibration Refer to Chapter 5 or Appendix C Turn the laser on and off Default is on Generally the laser is on whenever the instrument is running Y ou might want to turn it off for diagnostic purposes Displays the voltage of the Avalanche P hotodetector AP D Changing the APD voltage with this setting disables APD autocalibration see below When the APS spectrometer is powered up the APD voltage is setto APD Max Vop based on the temperature of the APD This temperature compensated setting should give the APS spectrometer the maximum sensitivity to small particles Enables the APD temperature compensation algorithm when set to On When set to Off the APD voltage will not change with APD temperature This setting will always be enabled when the instrument is first powered on Level of total particle concentration at which the AP S spectrometer will issue a high concentration alarm The HI CONC led on the front panel will be turned on and the high concentration flag see RF command will be set and if the sound is turned on the APS spectrometer will beep Default is 1000 When enabled this setting freezes the display for 4 seconds atthe end of a sample when in continuous sample mode This gives you a chance to view the sample or to select Pause from the main menu Default is off Set the image Positive Negative for the LCD display
48. in Orifice Nozzle Absolute s N pde M Total Flow duisi Pressure Elliptical Transducer Mirror Detection ER NEM Total Flow Pump 5 2 Figure 5 1 Aerosol Flow Through the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer After passing through the orifice the sheath flow is reunited with the sample flow at the accelerating orifice nozzle This flow confines the sample particles to the center stream and accelerates the airflow around the particles In this way small particles which can accelerate with the flow reach a higher velocity than larger particles which due to inertia lag behind the flow of the air stream Particle velocity is then measured in the optics chamber refer to Optics Path and Signal Processing Path below After measurement the particle stream exits the optics chamber drawn by the total flow pump The combined flow is controlled by the total flow pump and the pressure drop across the accelerating orifice nozzle Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Optics Path Sample flow is filtered before and after each of the two pumps The filter upstream of the pump protects the pump from contamination The filter downstream of the pump prevents contamination of the flow as the pump vanes wear The first component in the optics path see Figure 5 2 is the laser diode Light coming from the laser is polarized vertically Using a polarization rotator polymer half wave plate
49. in the center of the individual laser beams and can range in amplitude 0 10 volts The signal is gained and buffered into two channels One channel is for very small particles and has a high gain The other channel is for large particles and has a low gain Once the signals are gained up they are passed to the analog module Analog Module Signals arriving at the analog module are sent to three different circuits for processing the gate and differential circuits and the side scatter intensity circuit The output of these three circuits are then passed on to the digital module Gate Circuit The gate circuit produces a digital gate GATE signal or gate window which represents the presence of the particle in the measurement volume Producing this signal is accomplished by first adding the high gain and 10 times the low gain signal together This addresses the dynamic range of pulse heights roughly three orders of magnitude for the size range of particles 0 3 to 20 um Theory of Operation 5 5 5 6 This summed signal is then sent through a delay line Two different taps from this delay line roughly 300 ns apart are added together filtered gained and clamped This creates a signal that has very little valley in it and prevents it from going below the gate threshold This signal is compared to the gate threshold typically about 100 mV and can be set by the user through a serial command see Appendix C If it is above the threshol
50. ing to the maintenance schedule and also under the following circumstances Q The pumps are running at maximum flow and the nozzle flow is still too low Q The APS spectrometer has been exposed to extremely high aerosol concentrations or to fibers Q There is a constant level of particle noise even when the APS spectrometer samples filtered air To clean the nozzles proceed as follows Make sure power is switched off and power cord is disconnected to avoid any exposure to hazardous laser radiation High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Caution The electronic circuits within this instrument are susceptible to electro static discharge ESD damage Use ESD precautions to avoid damage Q Use only a table top with a grounded conducting surface a Weara grounded static discharging wrist strap Maintenance A 3 Caution Any time that you remove a portion of the optics assembly for cleaning there is a chance that you can adversely affect the alignment of the system and therefore the calibration Itis a good idea to check the calibration of the instrument after any procedure involving the optics Do this by generating a know size of aerosol ie 1 uim polystyrene latex PSL and making sure that the aerosol is sized correctly by the instrument and software 1 Switch the power off usi
51. keaneiaraeettess C 2 Stop Bits and Flow Contro lharin oa eem C 2 Commands sirean A aa aaa hate C 2 SetCommand o PEE C 5 SB Se tBa d R ale seeded dian epe i ts eei pe rep dede C 5 SCA Set Calibration for Aerodynamic Diameters C 6 SCL Set Calibration Label String C 6 SCE Set Calibration Environment C 7 SCR Set Calibration R esolution eene C 7 SD Set Digital Output C 8 SF SetFrontPanel Enable sssseeen C 9 SH Set Hi Conc Threshold C 9 SE Set EdSerPOWGE ate rete tert ree teer O proe reped C 10 SMA Set Mode for Analog Output ereere C 11 SMC Set Mode for Automatic Calibration of APD C 12 SMT Set Mode and Sample Time seeenne C 12 SP SstP lnps 5 oco even icr one tore aspe E C 13 STU Set Time for Unpolled Repot C 14 SV Set Analog Output Voltage ssmm C 14 Action Commands itc fte tte rrr ee n ne e net En C 14 A Perform APD Autocal ssssseeeeeeennnennnn C 14 B Be6Dp ciet nari hina rera ere mte pe m eir predi anit C 15 C Clear Buffer and Sample Time C 15 D DUMP i iecore tcu detener rn edebat a tette exa redet eee rad C 15 F Fill Accumulators seeen mnn C 15 GG Ohi C 16 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer APPENDIX D Model 3321 Specifications L Laser Enable Disable ccccccscccsesssessssee
52. le The GATE signal DIFF signal and the side scatter circuit output are then presented to the digital module to be processed and recorded Digital Module The GATE and DIFF digital signals from the analog module are used to trigger a high speed timer which has 4 0 ns resolution and a maximum range of 4 096 us After the gate signal goes active the differential signal which indicates the first peak of the double crested analog signal starts the timer The second peak then stops the timer if the gate signal remained active for the duration between peaks Two PAL ICs Programmable Array Logic Integrated Circuits are also on the digital module The first PAL is the Address PAL which is used to record the time of flight data and side scatter intensity The GATE and DIFF signals are also used to create two more signals a gate window signal and a zero cross signal which are provided to the Address PAL The Address PAL uses these two signals to classify the particle into 4 separate events in all cases a gate window signal must be present and at least one zero cross must occur Event 1 Occurs when only one zero cross occurs during a gate window This happens when the particle is bright enough to exceed the threshold on the differential circuit when it intercepts one of the beams but not bright enough to exceed the threshold when it intercepts the other Detection adii I hreshold Theory of Operation 5 7 5 8 Event 2 Is
53. marks of TSI Incorporated APS is a trademark of TSI Incorporated Microsoft Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Companies Solon Ohio Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Safety This section gives instructions to promote safe and proper handling of the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer There are no user serviceable parts inside the instrument Refer all repair and maintenance to a qualified technician All maintenance and repair information in this manual is included for use by a qualified technician The Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer spectrometer is a Class I laser based instrument During normal operation you will not be exposed to laser radiation However you must take certain precautions or you may expose yourself to hazardous radiation in the form of intense focused visible light Exposure to this light may cause blindness Take these precautions Q Do not remove any parts from the APS spectrometer unless you are specifically told to do so in this manual Q Do not remove the APS housing or covers while power is supplied to the instrument The use of controls adjustments or procedures other than those specified in this manual may result in exposure to hazardous optical radiation High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source befo
54. menu the APS spectrometer will not start them on power up If they are on when you exit the menu they will turn on when the APS spectrometer is powered up The pumps do not control the flows to Check for blockage in the flow path the proper flow rates or the flows are erratic The outlet in the back panel may be blocked or covered Check and clear any obstruction The inner or outer nozzle may be dirty or clogged See Appendix A Maintenance The filters may be clogged See Appendix A Maintenance The HI CONC High concentration The HI CONC LED is an indicator that the concentration of aerosol that the warning light is illuminated instrument is sampling is too high for the APS spectrometer to accurately measure The LED is lit when the concentration exceeds 1000 particles cm Although the APS spectrometer can measure aerosols at concentrations greater than this value concentration errors due to coincidence will increase and some of the particles will not be counted To correct this problem reduce the concentration of the sampled aerosol by mixing filtered air with the sample for instance or use one or two diluters TSI Model 3302A with the APS spectrometer B 1 Symptoms Recommendations The LASER LED does not come on Check to see that the laser is turned on from the front panel menu when the instrument i wer f Rr Ened stITIS TS ROWENEG Mp Rotate the control knob all the way clockwise until th
55. menu are described in Table 4 1 When you are finished using the menu turn the control knob until the cursor stops on the Exit command at the top or bottom of the menu and press the control knob to return to the graphical display 4 After you exit the Menu turn the control knob to highlight the START button and press the control knob The APS spectrometer will immediately begin sampling according to the parameters set on the menu 4 Ae rodaam kc Partick Size Sample Time s 60s gt i Sample Mode Summed b ik Sample Type Continuous gt On gt J Sound Off gt Baud Rate 9600 Inlet Pressure mbar 994 7 Sheath Flowrate lpm 4 00 Aerosol Flowrate lpm 1 00 ww Figure 4 1 APS Spectrometer Menu 5 Monitor the display to verify that sampling is progressing as you intended You can monitor the display until the sample period ends or go to the computer to begin a sample from there To inspect the sample data that has been collected for a specific channel turn the control knob until the cursor falls on the channel you want to inspect The channel s particle diameter and concentration in particles per centimeter are displayed below the graph Inspect other channels in the same manner 6 Return to the Menu to modify the sample time or set other parameters as necessary until you are satisfied that sampling is set up as desired Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Table 4 1 Description of Me
56. mic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Uncorrelated Mode The Address PAL creates two separate addresses One address is 10 bits and represents the type of event 1 3 4 or the time of flight TOF in the case of an event 2 And the second address is 6 bits and represents the light scatter intensity for an event 2 There is no second address in the case of an event 1 3 or 4 Correlated Mode The Address PAL creates one single 16 bit address The upper 10 bits of the address are the time of flight TOF for an event 2 or the type of event 1 3 4 The lower 6 bits are the side scatter SS intensity in the case of an event 2 For events 1 3 4 the lower bits are zero Once the address es are created the address PAL loads the number of particles from that address in memory into the counting PAL The counting PAL then increments the number by one and stores it back to the same address Once the PALs are finished recording the data the timer is reset for the next particle Particle Coincidence Particle coincidence is typically defined as more than one particle in the viewing volume of the particle counter creating a signal that causes the counter to incorrectly classify the particles as a single mis sized particle Coincidence typically increases proportionally with particle concentration In the case of the Model 3321 APS spectrometer however although coincidence is still a problem at high concentrations the particles are not mi
57. mmands C 7 C 8 SD Set Digital Output SD sets the logic level of the three digital I O connector output pins 11 12 and 13 See Figure 3 3 Figure 3 5 and Table 3 2 for the location and pinout of I O Port on back panel Referenced to pins 4 5 Digital GND SDh where h 0 to 7 and is a hex value representing three binary bits If a bit is O the corresponding output is set to O volts If a bit is a 1 the output is set to 5 volts Table C 2 shows the equivalent voltage level in volts of pins 11 12 and 13 for all possible settings Table C 2 Digital Output P in Settings Hex Setting Binary h Equivalent Pin 13 Pin 12 Pin 11 Example To set the outputs for I O connector pins 11 12 and 13 to O volts SDO To set the outputs for I O connector pins 11 12 and 13 to 5 volts SD7 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer SF Set Front Panel Enable SF lets you disable the front panel of the Model 3321 to prevent clearing sample averages that are being read by an external computer SEX where xz 0or 1 O front panel disabled 1 front panel enabled When the front panel is disabled it has view only control You can read front panel settings but no modification is allowed The default is 1 when the instrument is powered on The parameter is not stored in EEPROM so the panel is always enabled on startup Example To disable the front panel of the 3321 SFO SH
58. more detailed description refer to Chapter 5 Theory of Operation Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer PC Board Laser 2 LL Boer co oO oO zm oO aa Supply 3 9 PC Board 6 Figure 3 Internal Diagram of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer Description of the APS Spectrometer N p E LL 2 LL o Bo B 2 ot oo Km ZO 9 m oa Om BUT co DAO toa Oa This page intentionally left blank Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer Sample Setup CHAPTER 4 APS Spectrometer Operation This chapter describes how to set up and operate the Model 3321 at the sensor using the control knob and LCD display You can perform the same operations from your computer using the Aerosol Instrument Manager software with Model 3321 module In most cases you will want to set up initial sampling parameters at the sensor and then once you have verified that sampling conditions are as desired use the computer to collect store interpret and print the sample data Refer to the Aerosol Instrument Manager Software for APS Sensors Manual P N 1930064 for more information on operating the software Although you can set up parameters and begin sampling at the APS sensor the data shown on the LCD display is not stored nor can it be sent to a printer To save or print data you mu
59. n once sent the baud rate of the application sending commands must be changed to match baud rates or communications will fail The baud rate can also be changed from the APS spectrometer front panel menu see Table 4 1 SBx where x O0 for 9 600 1 for 19 200 2 for 38 400 Examples To se the baud rate to 38 400 SB2 Note OK is sent in response to this command but it is sent at the new baud rate and is not readable at the previous baud rate You must now change your application baud rate to 38 400 in order to communicate with the APS spectrometer Using Serial Data Commands C 5 C 6 SCA Set Calibration for Aerodynamic Diameters SCA lets you enter calibration data for time of flight data aerodynamic calibration SCAG SG tC where c channel boundary number 0 to number of channels 1 sc particle size in nm tc time of flight for the boundary of the particle size channel The number of channels must be at least 1 3 calibration records lower size upper size and terminator and no more than 52 54 calibration records The time values correspond to accumulator time They must be between 0 00 and 1024 00 The value 0 0 terminates the calibration array There can be up to 52 channels of particle size requiring 54 calibration points SCAO to SCA53 The last entry of any calibration table must be 0 0 The calibration data is held in EEPROM and loaded into RAM on power up The SCAO 0 terminator als
60. n cable r O O 9 Figure 2 3 Serial P ort Connector on the Back of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer I O Port The APS spectrometer has a 15 pin D subminiature connector port Figure 2 4 labeled I O PORT This port provides three digital input and three digital output pins that can be used to control associated equipment or set device using commands described in Appendix C This port also has two analog input pins to allow data logging of analog voltages from external devices such as temperature or relative humidity sensors 2 4 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer REFER SERVCE TO A QUALFED TECHNCUN Contact TS Customer Service www tsi com 500 Cardigan Road O Figure 2 4 I O Port of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer BNC Connectors There are three BNC connectors on the Model 3321 for output of the following signals Refer to Chapter 3 for a detailed description of each of the BNC connectors Q Analog Out OQ Time of Flight Q Pulse Out Unpacking and System Setup 2 5 2 6 This page intentionally left blank Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Front Panel CHAPTER 3 Description of the APS Spectrometer This chapter describes the front panel back panel and internal components of the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer APS Spectrometer The front panel features LED
61. ng the switch on the back of the cabinet and unplug the power cord from the APS spectrometer Remove the knurled retaining ring from the outer inlet nozzle Loosen the six screws on both sides of the cabinet two turns is sufficient and remove the cover straight upward 4 Remove the outer inlet nozzle by gripping it and lifting straight up Grip the inner nozzle and lift straight up Remove the two screws securing the digital printed circuit board 7 Tilt the printed circuit board upward and remove the large ribbon cable connector from the center front of the board 8 Tilt the printed circuit board all the way back so that the pumps are visible and the board rests against the top edge of the back of the instrument 9 Labelthe two tubes coming from the nozzle mount and going to the pumps a fine tip permanent marker works well Label the top tube top and the bottom tube bottom 10 Grip each tube and remove it from the nipple fitting attached to the nozzle mount 11 Loosen the knurled retaining ring at the base of the nozzle mount 12 Lift the nozzle mount away from the optics block taking care not to scratch or damage the delicate outer nozzle Make sure that the O ring under the nozzle mount stays with the optics block Note The outer nozzle is very delicate Take great care in cleaning or blowing compressed air through the nozzle 13 Blow clean compressed air backwards through the outer nozzle t
62. nu Items Function see also Appendix C for serial commands Command related to Menu Items Ext Exit the Menu and display graphical information Sample Time s Set the total sample time Can be set from 1 to 64 800 seconds 18 hours in summed mode and from 1 to 300 seconds in average mode Default is 20 seconds Sample Mode Select Summed Averaged Sum Corr Summed displays the total number of particles sampled for each channel Averaged displays a calculated average number of particles sampled for each channel Sum Corr will not show useable data at the sensor s LCD display Use the APS spectrometer software to interpret The default is Summed Sample Type Continuous Single Continuous sampling begins a new sample immediately following the end of the previous sample Single sample takes one sample for the set sample time and then stops Sound Turn on and off the beeping sound that is activated when the Hi Conc limit is exceeded The default is on If necessary set reset the limit from the computer software setup program as described in Chapter 5 or using a serial data command as described in Appendix C Baud Rate Select the baud rate at which the sensor will communicate with your computer Use the control knob to select 38400 19200 or 9600 The default is 9600 Note 38 400 must be used in correlated mode Inlet P ressure Displays the current inlet pressure of the sample This mbar value should correspond to your atm
63. o causes the calibration data to be tested for monotonicity and if the data in the calibration table is not monotonic returns an error message NOTVALID Examples To set the lower boundary of the first channel to 403 nm bin 187 63 SCA0 403 187 63 To terminate the calibration array of 52 channels SCA53 0 0 To echo the current calibration SCA SCL Set Calibration Label String SCL lets you label a calibration with a text string up to 80 characters Example To label the calibration done on December 25th of the APS spectrometer with serial number 104 SCLS N 104 Calibrated December 25 1997 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer SCE Set Calibration Environment SCE lets you set the temperature and pressure SCEp t where p absolute pressure at calibration in millibars t absolute temperature at calibration in degrees K SCE with no parameters echoes the current values of p and t which are saved in EEPROM and loaded into RAM when the instrument is powered up Example To set the absolute pressure and temperature to 970 4 millibar and 393 3 K SCE970 4 393 3 SCR Set Calibration Resolution SCR lets you set the number of side scatter channels that will report SCRX where x 1 2 4 8 16 32 or 64 Note 64 is the default on power up Example To set the number of side scatter channels that will report to 16 SCR16 Using Serial Data Co
64. o remove any debris Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 The finish on the outside of the nozzle should be flat black Remove any coating on the outer nozzle with a clean lint free soft cloth and clean water Check that the nozzle is clear by holding it up to a light and checking for a clear view through the nozzle orifice It is not recommended that you clean the inside of the outer nozzle with other than clean compressed air Using a swab to clean may result in leaving difficult to remove fibers inside the nozzle or damaging the inner nozzle centering ring Reinsert the nozzle block into the optics block The nozzle block has a slot that aligns with a pin in the optics block Tighten the retaining ring so that the nozzle block can still rotate freely Rotate the nozzle until the pin catches the slot in the nozzle Tighten the retaining ring until the nozzle block is firmly seated Reinsert the inner nozzle and make sure that it is seated firmly in the nozzle housing Reattach the tubing to the nozzle mount noting the labels on each tube Tilt the digital printed circuit board back down until the ribbon cable connector can be plugged back into the board Plug in the ribbon cable connector Tilt the digital printed circuit board down fully and fasten with the screws provided Replace the outer inlet
65. ommands C 30 D 1 Specifications of the Model 3321 Aerodyamic Particle Sizer AP S y Spectromelter rre te rm er eir rh e ett D 1 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Purpose About This Manual This is an operation and service manual for the Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer APS Spectrometer Related Product Literature Getting Help Q Aerosol Instrument Manager Software for APS Sensors Manual part number 1930064 TSI Incorporated Q Model 3302A Diluter Manual part number 1933786 TSI Incorporated Q Model 3433 Small Scale Powder Disperser Manual part number 1933769 TSI Incorporated Q Model 3306 Impactor Inlet Manual part number 1933787 TSI Incorporated To obtain assistance with this product or to submit suggestions please contact TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 USA Fax 651 490 3824 Telephone 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 E mail Address technical service tsi com xiii Submitting Comments TSI values your comments and suggestions on this manual Please use the comment sheet on the last page of this manual to send us your opinion on the manual s usability to suggest specific improvements or to report any technical errors If the comment sheet has already been used send your comments to TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 Fax 651 490 3824 E mail Address particle tsi com xiv Model 332
66. onnecting 2 4 connecting computer 2 4 connecting power 2 3 connectors AC power 3 5 BNC 3 7 correlated paired data record C C 26 correlated mode 5 9 D data collection 4 4 DC power input 3 5 description of APS 3 1 detector PC board 3 8 diable all records C 22 differential circuit 5 6 digital 5 8 digital module 5 7 correlated mode 5 9 event 1 5 7 event 3 5 8 event 4 5 8 uncorrelated mode 5 9 digital PC board 3 8 Index 1 double crested signal example 5 5 dump C 15 enable all records C 22 EPROM location of chips A 9 replacing A 7 F fill accumulators C 15 filter replacing A 6 filters 3 8 FLOW LED 3 4 flow path sample 5 1 front panel 3 1 G gate circuit 5 5 generate accumulator report record report record A C 23 generate aerodynamic data report record report record D C 24 generate auxiliary report record report record Y C 24 generate correlated paired report record report record C C 23 generate side scatter accumulator report record report record B C 23 generate side scatter data report record report record S C 24 go C 16 graphic display changing 3 3 H halt C 16 help xiii HI CONC LED 3 4 history 1 4 I J K I O port 2 4 2 5 3 7 pin designations 3 7 indicators 3 4 inlet nozzle 3 4 internal components 3 8 internal diagram of APS 3 9 L labels vi laser enable disable C 16 LASER LED 3 4 laser PC board 3 8 LCD di
67. ory producing a digital difference DIFF signal If the difference signal is at or below the threshold the DIFF signal is inactive When the difference signal goes above the threshold the DIFF signal will go active giving a rising edge When the summed signal goes through a peak the difference signal falls below the threshold and the DIFF signal will go inactive giving a falling edge The DIFF signal will give a rising edge when going through the valley and then give a falling edge when going through the second peak It will stay inactive when the signal falls back to or below the difference threshold Side Scatter Circuit The third circuit is the side scatter intensity circuit Both double crested analog signals from the low gain and the high gain outputs of the APD module are filtered gained clamped and input to separate peak hold circuits which hold the pulse height of the highest peak of each signal An A D converter is then used to give the digital value of each of the side scatter intensity pulse heights Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer The high gain value is checked for an over range in the A D digital value which indicates a large particle If it is over range the digital value from the low gain A D is output to the digital module If it is not over range the digital value from the high gain A D is output After the particle is processed the peak hold circuits are cleared and readied for the next partic
68. ospheric pressure No default value Sheath Flowrate Displays the flow rate of the outer nozzle sheath lpm aerosol This reading will approximate 4 0 liters 0 1 per minute No default value Aerosol Flowrate Displays the flow rate of the inner nozzle sample lpm aerosol This reading will approximate 1 0 0 1 liter per minute No default value Total Flowrate lpm Displays the total flow rate of the sample aerosol This reading will approximate 5 0 2 liters per minute unless sheath or sample flow has been modified Used to verify proper sensor operation No default value Optics Displays the temperature of the optics components Temperature C Used to verify proper sensor operation No default value Note This is also the APD detector temperature Cabinet Displays the temperature inside the APS Temperature C spectrometer No default value Laser Current mA Displays the laser current in milliamps Range should be between 0 and 100 mA This value rises as the laser ages Used for diagnostic purposes APS Spectrometer Operations 4 3 Command Laser Power APD Voltage V APD Max Vop V APD Autocalibration Alarm Level pcm End of Sample Pause Display Image Function see also Appendix C for serial commands related to Menu Items Displays the percent of laser power used from 0 to 100 Default is 75 This value is field selectable but should not be c
69. ough the back of the cabinet As shown in Figure 2 2 the cabinet should be installed with at least 2 inch 50 mm clearance between the back panel and any other surface The sides should have at least 2 inch 50 mm clearance between the cabinet and any other surface Most important the cabinet should be set on a clean hard surface so that the exhaust air can move freely from the cabinet Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Power Connec 2 00 50 8 mm EEG sos 2 00 50 8 mm Figure 2 2 Install the Sensor on a Clean Hard Surface and Provide Adequate Clearance for Ventilation tion Connect the AC power cord supplied to the AC POWER IN connection on the back of the Model 3321 and then into an available power outlet It is not necessary to select the correct voltage the sensor accepts line voltage of 85 to 260 VAC 50 to 60 Hz 100 W max single phase The connection is self regulating Toggle the on off switch at the POWER connection to the on position to verify the sensor has power Alternately connect 24 VDC to the DC POWER IN connection Contact TSI to order the necessary connector Unpacking and System Setup 2 3 Connecting the Computer Connect the serial port of an IBM compatible computer to the SERIAL PORT connector on the back of the Model 3321 Figure 2 3 Use the 4 meter cable provided If you need a longer cable use a standard IBM 9 pin serial extensio
70. pare position tindex time index O to sample time value 1 note if enabled for unpolled operation the record is always reported when tindex 0 ffff 4 digit hex value for status flags see RF command stime sample time not corrected for dead time dtime dead time ms for 3321 us for 3320 evtl number of single hump events evt3 number of 3 hump events evt4 number of timer overflow events total total 2 hump particles measured sum of reported channels evt 2 al an particle counts in each accumulator TOF bin no zeros and n 1023 Using Serial Data Commands C 25 SS Accumulator Data Record B CS B SNX tindex fiff stime dtime ev1 evt3 evt4 total b1 b2 b3 bn the record is not available in Averaging or Correlated modes CS Checksum B Side Scatter Accumulator Data Record S S for Summed Mode C Correlated mode N N for normal operation A if in autocal mode D if in autocal and autocal was done at the beginning of this sample X X for spare position tindex time index O to sample time value 1 note if enabled for unpolled operation the record is always reported when tindex 0 ffff 4 digit hex value for status flags see RF command stime sample time not corrected for dead time dtime dead time evtl number of single hump events evt3 number of 3 hump events evt4 number of timer overflow events total total 2 hump particles measured sum of reported channels evt
71. put Voltage SVx Action Commands Autocal the APD Beep Bx Clear buffers and sample time Dump command Fill command Fx Go sample Gx Halt command Laser on off Quick concentration report Sampling Sx Read Polled Commands Read accumulator Rb e Read status Flags Read Input from pins 1 2 3 and 7 8 of the 1 0 connector Read Laser power Read accumulated On time of instrument Read inlet pressure Read sheath delta P Read total delta P Read aerosol flow Read sheath flow Read total flow Read Unpolled Record Read Temperature in Box Read Temperature of APD Detector Read Temperature of Inlet Read Version of firmware Unpolled Commands Unpolled operation begins Enable all records Disable all records Accumulator record UA0 1 SS accumulator record UB0 1 Correlated paired records UCO A Aerodynamic data record UDO 1 SS data record US0 1 Auxiliary data record UY0 1 Serial Command Tables Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Set Commands Set commands allow you to set up operating parameters for the Model 3321 If a set command is sent with no parameter the current parameter is echoed Note Some of the commands directly affect or are affected by other commands Refer to other commands where indicated SB Set Baud Rate SB lets you set and change the baud rate for the serial communications Note Since this is changed with serial communicatio
72. r 1303075 1 Serial Cable 9 pin M F 4 meter 962002 1 USB to S erial Converter 1102138 24in Tubing 5 16 x 3 16 3001248 1 Fitting Pump Exhaust Adapter 1601836 Mounting the Sensor The Model 3321 APS spectrometer requires no special mounting requirements other than the ventilation requirements see below The cabinet has four non marking rubber feet that give the instrument a good grip on clean level surfaces The rubber feet Figure 2 1 are installed in the cabinet using integrated 8 32 UNC threaded fasteners and can be removed by unscrewing to allow other mounting fasteners to be used 2 1 2 2 Note If the cabinet is mounted to a plate drill holes in the plate to match the ventilation holes in the bottom of the cabinet or use standoffs to raise the bottom of the cabinet at least 2 inch 1 2 cm above the mounting plate 52 8 mm 262 mm 52 8 mm 2 08 10 30 2 08 od bol inna 64 1116 3 mm 8 80 223 5 mm Dnm CU i gt E n 0 0 3 28 83 3 mm Figure 2 1 Remove the Rubber Feet on the Base Plate to Mount the Model 3321 on Another Surface Ventilation Requirements The APS Sensor cabinet is designed to be cooled by room air drawn in from the sides and bottom of the cabinet and exhausted thr
73. r and sample time setting Appends a line feed LF character after the terminating carriage return CR Used only in 3310 APS spectrometer mode Refer to the G command D Dump Performs a dump or all 78 channels 3310 APS spectrometer type Data beyond SCA calibration max of 52 channels is reported as 0 Appends a LF character after the terminating CR F Fill Accumulators Fills accumulators with x If no x is provided it returns 1 or O to indicate active or inactive When active an 51 command begins a sample of SMT time and fill data is not cleared after each one second summation If x O then fill is disabled and data can be cleared The pumps should be off or a filter in place to prevent particles from being added to the fill data Fx where X is 1 65535 but typically 10 Using Serial Data Commands C 15 G Go Enables a 3310 mode sample Gx where xis 1 to 65565 seconds of sample time In 3310 mode the APS spectrometer runs without side scatter and acquires accumulator data The command appends a LF after the terminating CR H Halt Halts the 3310 mode The command appends a LF after the terminating CR L Laser Enable Disable Enables or disables the laser Lx where xis O or 1 LO Disables the laser Output power is O L1 Enables the laser Output power is determined by the SL setting see SL command Q Quick Concentration Report Produces a concentration report This i
74. re removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Labels The Model 3321 has eight labels as shown in Figure 1 Laser Safety Information Label back panel Serial Number Label back panel Customer Service Label back panel Danger High Voltage Label Power Entry Module Danger High Voltage Label Display Inverter Danger Laser Radiation Optics Assembly Ground Label inside bottom Danger High Voltage Label Analog PC Board Ce a ee des NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS NSDE REFER SERVICE TO A QUALIFIED TECHNICIAN For Service and Information Contact TSI Customer Service www tsi com 500 Cardigan Road TSI Shoreview MN 55126 USA 500 CARDIGAN ROAD TSI_ SHOREVIEW MINNESOTA MADEINUSA 55126 Figure 1 Location of Warning and Information Labels vi Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Description of Caution Warning Symbols The following symbols and an appropriate caution warning statement are used throughout the manual and on the Model 3321 to draw attention to any steps that require you to take cautionary measures when working with the Model 3321 Caution Caution means be careful It means if you do not follow the procedures prescribed in this manual you may do something that might result in equipment damage or you might have to take something apart and start over again It also indicates that important information about the operation and mainten
75. rns a four character hexadecimal value representing the state of the Model 3321 The values for the 10 flags are as follows 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 Example Response RF OOAC Laser fault Total Flow out of range Sheath Flow out of range Excessive sample concentration alarm Accumulator clipped i e gt 65535 Autocal failed Internal temperature lt 10 C Internal temperature gt 40 C Detector voltage more than 10 Vb Reserved unused OOAC can be converted to binary 0000 0000 1010 1100 This indicates that Internal temperature is greater than 40 C Autocal failed Excessive sample concentration Sheath flow out of range Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer RI Read Input From Pins 1 2 3 and 7 8 of the I O Connector Pins 1 2 and 3 are digital inputs and are reported as a binary number 000 to 111 where a 1 indicates 5 VDC level on the pin Digital ground pins for the inputs are 9 and 10 Pins 7 and 8 are analog inputs referenced to pin 15 analog ground The analog values are reported as a decimal number from 0 0 to 5 000 VDC All readings are instantaneous Example Response RI 1007243 1593 Pin 1 has logic level high 5 VDC Pins 2 and 3 are logic level low 0 VDC Pin 7 is 2 43 VDC Pin 8 is 1 9
76. rranted to be free from defects in workmanship and material under normal use for 90 days from the date of shipment d Seller does not provide any warranty on finished goods manufactured by others or on any fuses batteries or other consumable materials Only the original manufacturer s warranty applies e Unless specifically authorized in a separate writing by Seller Seller makes no warranty with respect to and shall have no liability in connection with goods which are incorporated into other products or equipment or which are modified by any person other than Seller The foregoing is IN LIEU OF all other warranties and is subject to the LIMITATIONS stated herein NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE WITH RESPECT TO SELLER S BREACH OF THE IMPLIED WARRANTY AGAINST INFRINGEMENT SAID WARRANTY IS LIMITED TO CLAIMS OF DIRECT INFRINGEMENT AND EXCLUDES CLAIMS OF CONTRIBUTORY OR INDUCED INFRINGEMENTS BUYER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY SHALL BE THE RETURN OF THE PURCHASE PRICE DISCOUNTED FOR REASONABLE WEAR AND TEAR OR AT SELLER S OPTION REPLACEMENT OF THE GOODS WITH NON INFRINGING GOODS TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE USER OR BUYER AND THE LIMIT OF SELLER S LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL LOSSES INJURIES OR DAMAGES CONCERNING THE GOODS INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED ON CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE TORT STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE SHALL BE THE RETURN OF GOODS TO SELLER AND TH
77. s a 3310 command A LF is appended after the terminating CR Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer S Sampling Enables and disables sampling The mode of sampling is set by the SMT command Sx where xis O 1 or 2 through 65565 O Disable sampling 1 Enable continuous sampling Previous sample data automatically cleared when new sample begins 2 65565 Enable a single sample for x seconds If SMT is set to average mode a summed sample will be done Previous data is not automatically cleared and must be cleared with the C command If no parameter is specified the command echoes current condition 0 1 or sample time remaining if single sample is running The default when the instrument is powered up is O Read Commands Polled Read commands are polled which means the Model 3321 sends data in response to a specific request from the computer R Read Accumulator This is a 3310 mode command It dumps accumulator data taken using a G command Rb e where b the beginning accumulator bin 0 1023 e the ending accumulator bin 0 1023 e must be greater than or equal to b If b and e are not specified the default values are b O and e 1023 Line feeds are appended after all carriage returns Using Serial Data Commands C 17 Example Response RO 100 Reads bins O to 100 R 100 Reads bins O to 100 R400 Reads bins 400 to 1023 R Reads bins O to 1023 RF Read Flags RF retu
78. s accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Caution The electronic circuits within this instrument are susceptible to electro static discharge ESD damage Use ESD precautions to avoid damage Q Use only a table top with a grounded conducting surface Q Wear a grounded static discharging wrist strap P 1 Switch the power off using the switch on the back of the cabinet and unplug the power cord from the APS spectrometer Remove the knurled retaining ring from the outer inlet nozzle Loosen the six screws on both sides of the cabinet two turns is sufficient and remove the cover straight upward 4 Remove the two screws securing the digital printed circuit board 5 Tilt the printed circuit board all the way back so that the pumps are visible and the board rests against the top edge of the back of the instrument 6 The APS spectrometer uses two EPROM chips They should be labeled with seven digit part numbers It is important that they go in the correct sockets 7 Locate the EPROM sockets from Figure A 1 A 8 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer
79. s classified The double crested signal processing technique allows the processor to determine when a signal is caused by a single low scattering particle event 1 see above and when it is caused by coincidence event 3 see above This means that the particle size distribution during coincidence can be accurately measured Coincident particles can be detected as event 3s but cannot be sized Therefore they are not included in the size distribution but are recorded for possible concentration corrections Theory of Operation 5 9 This page intentionally left blank Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer APPENDIX A Maintenance Most components of the APS spectrometer are solid state and require no maintenance This section provides information about the maintenance procedures that are required and includes a suggested maintenance schedule Maintenance Schedule The following table contains a schedule of approximate recommended intervals for maintenance The conditions under which the instrument is used will greatly affect this schedule If the instrument is used to sample unusually dirty environments the times between maintenance should be shortened Likewise if the instrument is used in clean environments the times between maintenance can be safely extended Use the schedule as a guideline only Table A 1 Maintenance Schedule Hours of Continuous Maintenance Operation Operation User Factory Cle
80. s to provide basic on off status for five instrument functions and an LCD display and control knob that work together to provide continuous real time sampling information and access to a menu of system functions Through this menu you can perform initial sample setup and view detailed instrument status The back panel provides power and communications connections as well as sample exhaust outlet Internal components consist of the flow system the optics system and the signal processing electronics The main components of the front panel are the LCD display the control knob and the five status LEDs as shown in Figure 3 1 The LCD display is used as a local interface to the APS sensor Although most users will want to use a computer connected to the APS spectrometer to display collect and save data the LCD display allows the user to change settings and display data in various formats at the sensor itself 3 1 Status LEDs Inlet Nozzle LCD Display Figure 3 1 Front Panel of the Model 3321 APS Spectrometer The 320 x 240 pixel LCD display provides continuous real time display of sample data Sample data includes a Q Q Q Size distribution Concentration Mean aerodynamic particle size Total particle count There are several operations you can perform using the control knob with the display 3 2 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer To turn the
81. splay 3 1 LED Flow 3 4 Hi Conc 3 4 Laser 3 4 Particle 3 4 LED continued Power 3 4 location of warning labels vi M N maintenance A 1 calibration A 10 cleaning inner nozzle A 1 cleaning outer nozzle A 3 replacing EPROM A 7 replacing filters A 6 schedule A 1 manual history ii menu items description 4 3 menu layout 3 3 mounting sensor 2 1 o operation 1 2 4 1 optics 3 8 optics path 5 3 P packing list 2 1 parity C 2 particle coincidence 5 9 PARTICLE LED 3 4 perform APD autocal C 14 pin connectors C 1 power connection 2 3 power input DC 3 5 POWER LED 3 4 Power PC board 3 8 power supply 3 8 product registration ii Pulse Out 3 8 pump exhaust 3 6 Q quick concentration report C 16 R read polled commands C 4 read accumulated on time C 19 read accumulator C 17 read aerosol sample flow C 20 read commands polled read accumulated on time C 19 read accumulator C 17 read aerosol sample flow C 20 read firmware version C 22 read flags C 18 read inlet pressure C 19 read input from pins 1 2 3 and 7 8 of the I O connector C 19 read laser power C 19 read record C 21 read sheath Delta P C 20 read sheath flow C 20 read temperature in box C 21 read temperature of detector C 21 Index 2 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer read commands continued read temperature of inlet C 21 read total Delta P C 20 read total flow C 20 re
82. sssesesessnees Q Quick Concentration Report S Sampling 2 Ee Ene DER ten NUS Read Commands Polled eee R Read Accumulator seen RFeReadiFlagsS nens tun eter rtr Saa EAE RI Read Input From Pins 1 2 3 and 7 8 of the I O COMECON EE RL Read Laser POWEDS ccccecssccecsecesrsessseessteeesseeessrsessaees RO Read Accumulated On Time esseere RPI Read Inlet Pressure sssseem RPS Read Sheath Delta P eseese RPT Read Total Delta P RQA Read Aerosol Sample Flow see RQS Read Sheath FIOW cccccsscccssesssecsseessseesesessees RQT Read Total Flow ccceccscccssecssrsecseessseessseeserseseees RR Read Record sse enne RTB Read Temperature in Box sseee RTD Read Temperature of Detector APD RTI Read Temperature of Inlet RV Read Firmware Version seee Unpolled Commands seem U Begin Unpolled Operation sene U Enable All Records sseee U Disable All Records eeen m UA Generate Accumulator R eport Record R eport R cord A eta deter e e ene cet rer evexit deese ta pet Fiber da TE COR UB Generate Side Scatter Accumulator R eport Record Report Record B sssesseeee nnn UC Generate Correlated P aired Report Record Report RecordiE rp UD Generate Aerodyn
83. st collect it using the computer interface and the Aerosol Instrument Manager software The data displayed on the front panel may not exactly match data recorded with the Aerosol Instrument Manager software due to rounding differences Also concentration displayed for 0 523 um on the front panel includes event 1 data and may not match the concentration reported by the Aerosol Instrument Manager software When performing any critical or detailed data analysis Aerosol Instrument Manager software should be used The front panel LCD display should only be used as a remote indicator of instrument and measurement status These instructions assume that the APS spectrometer is connected to an appropriate power source and the power on off switch on the back panel is switched to the on position 1 Turn the control knob clockwise until the cursor runs off the right side of the display and the CLEAR START and MENU buttons appear Continue turning the control knob until Menu 4 1 4 2 button is highlighted then press the control knob The menu shown in Figure 4 1 appears 2 Turn the control knob clockwise until the cursor falls on the Sample Time s command Press the control knob once Turn the control knob clockwise or counterclockwise until the sample time is set as desired Then press the control knob to lock in that time 3 Turn the control knob to select other commands or verify other settings All of the items on the
84. strument Tighten the six screws holding the cover in place Replace the outer inlet retaining ring and tighten firmly Maintenance A 9 20 Insert the power cord into the power entry connector on the back of the instrument 21 Apply power to the instrument with the switch on the back panel 22 Check that the version shown on the screen on startup matches the new version of the EPROM Calibrating the APS Spectrometer Calibrating the APS spectrometer is a fairly complex procedure The calibration process requires special equipment and tools Therefore it is recommended you return the instrument to the factory for calibration A 10 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer APPENDIX B Troubleshooting This appendix lists potential problems and their solutions Note If none of the solutions provided corrects the problem call your TSI representative for advice Table B 1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Recommendations Symptoms Recommendations The pumps do not come on when the Check to see that the pumps are turned on from the front panel menu HSEUIMEQEUS pawRISOP Rotate the control knob all the way clockwise until the menu button is shown Press the control knob in so that the menu appears Rotate the knob to scroll the cursor down the menu until the pumps item is highlighted Press the control knob to toggle the pumps on and off Exit the menu If the pumps are off when you exit the
85. t BNC on the back panel SMAx where x Oto6 O total concentration 1 cc 10 volts 1 total concentration 10 cc 10 volts 2 total concentration 100 cc 10 volts 3 total concentration 1 000 cc 10 volts 4 total concentration 10 000 cc 10 volts 5 total concentration Log 10 000 cc 5 volts 1 000 cc 4 volts 100 cc 3 volts 10 cc 2 volts 1 cc 1 volts 1 cc O volts 6 host Table C 3 Analog Voltage Output Settings SMA Setting BNC Analog Output Voltage V X 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 0 0 l cc 2 cc 3 cc Afcc 5 cc l cc 1 0 l cc 2 cc 3 cc A cc 5 cc 10 cc 2 0 10 cc 20 cc 30 cc 40 cc 50 cc 100 cc 3 0 100 cc 200 cc 300 cc 400 cc 500 cc 1000 cc 4 0 1000 cc 2000 cc 3000 cc 4000 cc 5000 cc 10 000 cc 5 Acc l cc 10 cc 100 cc 1000 cc 10 000 cc NA 6 0 lv 2v 3v 4v 5v 10v Examples To set the analog output BNC voltage range 0 10 volts to represent the total concentration range 0 10 000 particles cc SMA 4 To set the analog output BNC to host mode See the SV command for the actual voltage output SMA6 Using Serial Data Commands SMC Set Mode for Automatic Calibration of APD SMC lets you set the mode for automatically calibrating the Avalanche photodetector APD for temperature based reading of RTD command SMCx where x Oorl O means that autocal is disabled 1 means that autocal is enabled Example To enable automatic calibration of the APD SMC1
86. t from the beam stops escaping and helps to keep the beam stop glass clean The inset of Figure 5 2 shows that light scattered by the particle stream is collected by an elliptical mirror and focused onto a solid state avalanche photodiode APD detector The detector then converts the light pulses into electrical pulses Theory of Operation 5 3 Beam Stop 2nd Polarization Knife Edge Laser Steering Neg Spherical Lens Neg Cyl Lens Pos Spherical Lens Laser PCB Calcite Plate Beam Stop 1st Polarization Window Polarization Laser Aperture Rotator Diode Aperture Plate Plate H vn J NY Detector E EZ PCB x Elliptical E ra Parar Mirror qu 3 l P aU T Detecto EB Figure 5 2 APS Spectrometer Optics Cross Section Signal Processing Path Signal processing is performed in the APD Analog and Digital modules APD Module Signal processing begins at the APD module where scattered light from the particle is detected and converted into an analog voltage signal This signal referred to as a double crested signal consists of a pair of peaks 5 4 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer 560 0mV 400ns Figure 5 3 Typical Example of a Double Crested Signal Each peak represents the presence of the particle
87. t nozzle by gripping it and lifting straight up 5 Grip the inner nozzle and lift straight up Clean the nozzle blowing backward through the nozzle with clean compressed air maximum pressure 35 psi 240 kPa 7 Check the nozzle by holding the tube up to a light and checking for a clear view of the nozzle orifice 8 Ifthe nozzle is still blocked try rinsing the inner nozzle in soapy water and then cleaning with clean water Dry thoroughly with clean compressed air 9 Ifthe nozzle is still blocked try using isopropyl alcohol 10 When the nozzle has been cleaned satisfactorily make sure that the o ring still has a thin layer of grease If not apply a thin coating of grease 11 Reinsert the nozzle and make sure that it is seated firmly in the nozzle mount 12 Replace the outer inlet in the nozzle mount Note that there is an alignment pin that matches a slot in the side of the outer Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer inlet Rotate the outer inlet until the inlet seats on the alignment pin 13 Replace the cover on the instrument 14 Tighten the six screws holding the cover in place 15 Replace the outer inlet retaining ring and tighten firmly 16 Insert the power cord into the power entry connector on the back of the instrument 17 Apply power to the instrument with the switch on the back panel 18 Check that the flows are correct Cleaning the Outer Nozzle Clean the nozzles accord
88. ta Commands C 13 STU Set Time for Unpolled Report STU lets you set the time for unpolled reports End of sample reports are sent regardless of the STU setting STUX where x 0 to 65535 seconds Example To set the time for unpolled reports to 3600 seconds STU3600 SV Set Analog Output Voltage SV sets the analog output BNC voltage when configured for host mode See SMA command SVX where x 0 to 10 000 mV Example To set the analog output voltage to 2400 millivolts or 2 4 volts SV2400 Action Commands Action commands control mechanical components of the Model 3321 If you enter an action command without a parameter the mechanical state is echoed back A Perform APD Autocal Performs an automatic calibration of the Avalanche Photodetector if autocal is enable by the SMC command see SMC Example To perform automatic calibration of the APD A C 14 Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer S pectrometer B Beep Bx y where x no value O 1 gt l no value for x returns 1 if beep is active O if not A O turns beep off a 1 turns beep on 1 is number of beeps y duration of beep in approximately 62 5 ms steps for a 1 second beep y 16 If no y is given and x is gt 1 the beep will have a 1 second duration Note Beep must be active B1 to hear beeps State of beep is stored Single beeps require a value for y C Clear Buffer and Sample Time Clears the buffer accumulato
89. the polarization of the laser is rotated by 45 degrees After rotation the beam passes through negative and positive spherical lenses to focus the beam under the particle stream A polarization beam splitter is then used to split the vertical and horizontal components of the beam into two separate beams spaced by 90 to 100 ppm The top beam closest to the nozzle is polarized horizontal and the bottom beam is polarized vertical Spacing is controlled by the thickness of the splitter The beam pair next passes through a negative cylindrical lens This lens controls the width of the beams independent of the focus under the particle stream Two vertical knife edges clip the noisy edges of the beams to give a clean beam under the particle stream A window is used solely as a sealing surface to keep the optics chamber separate from the optical elements and a final aperture is used to stop stray light from the far edges of the beams before the beams reach their focal point under the particle stream The beams are then passed through a large aperture into a dual polarization beam stop The first beam stop uses neutral density filter glass placed at the Brewster angle for vertical polarization This captures all of the vertical polarization and most of the horizontal polarization The remaining portion of the horizontal polarization is reflected into a second Brewster angle where it is captured The large aperture in front of the beam stops prevents ligh
90. trometer converts each time of flight measurement to an aerodynamic particle diameter For convenience this particle size is binned into 52 channels on a logarithmic scale The particle range spanned by the APS spectrometer is from 0 5 to 20 pm in both aerodynamic size and light scattering signal Particles are also detected in the 0 3 to 0 5 pm range using light scattering alone and are binned together in one channel The APS spectrometer is also capable of storing correlated light scattering signal data and time of flight data Sample Flow Path The sample flow path in the Model 3321 APS spectrometer is illustrated in Figure 5 1 Aerosol is drawn into the inlet and is immediately split into a sample flow through the inner nozzle and a sheath flow through the outer nozzle The sheath flow is filtered and controlled by the sheath flow pump The sheath flow is controlled by measuring the pressure drop through a sharp edged sapphire orifice This pressure drop is 5 1 converted by the firmware to a volumetric flow with compensation for absolute atmospheric pressure Inner Nozzle Sample Flow Beam Shaping Optics Aerosol In Sheath Flow Filter Pump Filter J ES Orifice 4 1L min Outer Nozzle Sheath Flow Sheath Flow Collimated Diode Laser 4 L min Pressure Transducer Total Flow Accelerating 5 L m
91. ut C 8 set front panel enable C 9 set hi conc threshold C 9 Index set commands continued set laser power C 10 set mode and sample time C 12 set mode for analog output C 11 set mode for automatic calibration of APD C 12 set pumps C 13 set time for unpolled report C 14 set digital output C 8 set front panel enable C 9 set hi conc threshold C 9 set laser power C 10 set mode and sample time C 12 set mode for analog output C 11 set mode for automatic calibration of APD C 12 set pumps C 13 set time for unpolled report C 14 setting up 2 1 sheath flow pump 3 8 side scatter circuit 5 6 signal processing path 5 4 specifications D 1 SS accumulator data record B C 26 SS data record S C 28 stop bits and flow control C 2 T theory of operation 5 1 Time of Flight 3 8 total flow pump 3 8 trademarks iv troubleshooting B 1 symptoms and recommendations B 1 turn display on 3 3 U uncorrelated mode 5 9 unpacking 2 1 unpolled commands C 4 C 22 begin unpolled operation C 22 disable all records C 22 enable all records C 22 generate accumulator report record report record A C 23 generate aerodynamic data report record report record D C 24 generate auxiliary report record report record Y C 24 generate correlated paired report record report record C C 23 generate side scatter accumulator report record report record B C 23 generate side scatter data report record report record

Model 3321 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Spectrometer Operation

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