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1. NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 26 ASCD Steering wheel Switches ASCD steering switch has varying values of electrical resistance for each button The ECM reads the voltage variation of the switch that is pressed and determines which button is operated The switches are mounted on the steering wheel 1 ACCEL RESUME 2 SET COAST 3 CANCEL 4 ON OFF Main Switch NOTE ASCD Automatic Speed Control Device Cruise Control 27 Park Neutral Position Switch PNP MT Models When the gear lever is in Neutral the Neutral Position is ON ECM detects the position because the continuity of the line the ON signal exists The signal is sent directly to the ABS control unit amp in turn the PNP signal is then supplied by the ABS Control Unit to the ECM via the CAN 1 PNP Switch 2 Back up Lamp Switch 3 1st Gear Switch NOTE The 15 Gear position switch is required for Hill Descent Control amp Hill Start Assist EPS Control Unit A s 28 Power Steering Operation y Motor When the EPS is being operated a signal is sent to the PS S27 ECM via ECM then utilises the signal to RS lt gt adjust the idle RPM so to a suitable idle speed This will ensure that the engine will not stall stumble when the steering is being operated The operation of EPS can draw a high electrical c
2. pies ip ssEd q 18 009 HHI 1910002 2 JOSUSS 105095 SSEW plousjos sojenjoer josJUOD 15009 15004 J OL louca T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction N vil Jojyoalul 10 Enj28 2 9149913 Josues uonisod Josuas 15004 JaBseuysoqiny ENGINE CONTROL __ __________ ___ 10128uuo2 yul ejeq NISSAN Learning Academy uonsod jepad uoini3 uojMs jeped NYS NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL BATTERY VOLTAGE amp GROUND IGNITION SWITCH ACTIVITY ACCELERATOR PEDAL ACTIVITY CRANK POSITION amp SPEED CAMSHAFT POSITION FUEL RAIL PRESSURE FUEL TEMPERATURE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE MASS AIR FLOW INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE TURBO BOOST Air Pressure in Intake ASCD REQUEST FROM DRIVER ASCD CANCEL REQUEST Brake amp Clutch Pedal BAROMETRIC PRESSURE Altitude EGR VOLUME CONTROL VALVE POSITION SENSOR EXHAUST PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL EXHAUST PRESSURE
3. Valve housing Retaining screw shim af TE 5 1 Armature plate spring Filter Valve body Solenoid PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE If this valve is disconnected it will result in no rail pressure amp the engine will not start BOSCH NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 3 Fuel Injector The injectors are Piezo Electric The injector is opened by the expansion of a piezo electric element 1 when it is supplied electrically The control voltage is 120 volt with a current up to 25 amps WARNING A voltage signal is used to open the injector amp another voltage signal is used to close the injector Therefore if an injector is disconnected at the point of opening the injector will remain open When the injector is closed the pressure in the control chamber 5 forces the needle back to its seat The opening of valve 6 triggers the opening of injector by the mechanical action of the piezo electric actuator The valve blocks a transfer tube 9 from the jet plate and the pressure in the control chamber escapes towards the return pipe D 4 The fuel pressure causes the needle to rise and the injection starts Yn To raise valve 4 and allow the injector to open a considerab
4. 5 Glow Control Unit The ECM operates the Glow Control Unit Once the unit is activated by the ECM it feeds battery voltage through to the Glow Plugs 6 Air Conditioner Relay OR START The Air Conditioner Relay is located within the IPDM E R Intelligent Power Distribution Module Engine Room The ECM has the final control over the A C compressor operation Air Conditioning 15 typically required due to a driver request coming from the A C Amplifier or the Control Panel on the dash via CAN If conditions such as acceleration demand excessive engine temperature excessive A C system pressure or lack of A C system pressure no gas are NOT evident the ECM will send a signal via the CAN to the IPDM E R to switch off the A C relay which forms part of the IPDM C E R COMPRESSOR 3 E20 yv 7 Electric Throttle Control Actuator Electric throttle control actuator consists of a throttle control motor which operates throttle valve amp throttle position sensor which detects the opening angle of throttle valve The throttle valve is fully opened when regeneration is not performed The valve may partially close when performing a DPF regeneration or to create a partial vacuum so that EGR operation is improved NOTE The Throttle valve will also close to stop engine shake when the ignition is switched off Throttle B Valve 54 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introd
5. NISSAN Learning Academy Nissan Australia July 2008 X TRAIL p T31 NISSAN X TRAIL DIESEL M9R Foreword The information this Training Manual should not be interpreted as a basis for warranty or goodwill claims against Nissan Motor Co Australia Pty Ltd NMA unless so designated This Technical Training Manual is intended for use by NMA amp Nissan Dealership Technical Personnel It is not designed for the use by press or for customer distribution Before quoting any specifications be sure to check the relevant Service Manual and Technical Bulletins Right for alteration to data and specifications at any time is reserved Any such alterations will be advised by Nissan through Technical and Sales Bulletins 2008 Nissan Motor Company Australia Pty Ltd Inc Victoria Ref Technical Training Department NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ABOUT THIS TRAINING MANUAL The purpose of this document is for Nissan Dealer Technical Staff SELF STUDY purposes If anything contained within this document gives any doubt please contact Nissan via a Non Vehicle related TechLine enquiry to clarify the information within this document The information in this training manual should not be interpreted as a basis for warranty or goodwill claims against Nissan Motor Co Australia Pty Ltd NMA unless so designated FUTURE UPDATE S OF THIS TRAIN
6. out of the tube carefully wipe it amp re insert it once again remove it to read the engine oil level TAKE NOTE OF THE WARNING ON THE CAP Eng Oil Filler Cap amp Dipstick 21 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE COOLING M9R Cooling System The cooling system is of a similar design to most other engines T Water outlet A To heater From turbocharger 42 3 A cooling pump gt m NOTE Only 1 x Thermostat is used in the engine From heater X To turbocharger M9R Water Pump The Water Pump is a conventionally designed unit It is driven by the auxiliary drive belt Please follow the instructions in section ENGINE ENGINE COOLING of the Service Manual whenever working with any of the components shown right DO NOI REPLACE THE ENGINE COOLANT UNTIL THE 80 000KM SERVICE OR 4 YEARS THIS APPLIES TO ALL CURRENT NISSAN VEHICLES Coolant is to be replaced every 40 000km s or 2 years there after 22 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE COOLING Radiator amp Electric Cooling fans A downflow type radiator continues to be utilised with the M9R engine It is of plastic aluminium construction The Electric cooling fans are controlled by the ECM following signals from the ECTS The
7. Low coast brake solenoid valve SHIFT TIMING CONTROL Torque converter clutch solenoid valve FAIL SAFE CONTROL Line pressure solenoid valve DUET EA CONTROL CHECK indicator lamp ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS Back up lamp relay REGF01A A T CONTROL SYSTEM IGNITION SWITCH IPDM INTELLIGENT POWER BODY CONTROL DATA LINK COMBINATION METER MODULE ENGINE ROOM M34 Nissan Australia July 2008 39 40 38 FER SELECT SELECT To shift lock dt dd 1 SWITCH SWITCH system B E115 CONTROL J DEVICE FARK NEUTRAL J POSITION SWITCH d M76 To starting LINE 9 CAN DATA LINE TURBINE REVOLUTION T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction 32111 Adjacent to Battery in Engine 39 40 B 14 15 El SSAN Learning Academy x REVERSE AT BRAKE FLUID PRESSURE E17 TEMPERATURE PRESSI SENSOR LOW AND REVERSE HIGH LOW 2 6 26 CLUTCH CLUTCH BRAKE 5 HIGH gt BRAKE 2 SOLENOID SOLENOID SQLENOID S SOLENOID PRESSURE PRESSURE L SL VALVE VALVE T VALVE VALVE SWITCH SWITCH shared with EC T X Below IPDM E R Transmission Assembly Gs 77 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION Max Fluid level 40 C A T
8. actually fitted a new DPF to the vehicle WRT DATA AFTR REPLC CPU PAO DET 64 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 HOLINONN eunsseJd HX 4410 8 5105095 1sneuxe x 2 991 20024 JO uonoedsur eui 1no 9 WNS 01 1943H JO Jdq S ue qoJd eui 01 eouaJaJiq 5 siy anssi 1 44 uou e Ag pesneo 1 JO YOR 94 2 pejejduioo seu eouo s 1934 94 eui S H bs y 73 uonoeg ui PUNO DIS 10 UO sjrejep SLYN 9 159 eui uoisn oxe J LON euin eyeudoJddeur ue paneo Buieq enp eq uey Meu eui LE TCISNOO Ino pales LON Sem 129 0 ddad 9U JOA pepueu UB eui
9. 1a Battery Voltage This is an extremely important input to the ECM for engine operation Ensure that the voltage level remains stable especially during cranking A situation maybe possible where there is enough battery voltage for cranking however there maybe an insufficient level for the ECM to operate properly 1b ECM Ground Even though a decent Voltage supply is available to the Engine Control System if the ECU or major fuel system components do NOT have a decent Ground connection then correct operation of the Engine System will NOT be possible Please ensure any Ground connections as shown here are in good condition Clean amp Tight 2 Ignition Switch The ECM needs to know if the engine is being cranked if itis simply ON amp of course when it is being turned OFF IGN SWITCH 39 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 3 Crankshaft Position Sensor CKPS The CKPS is located at the RH rear side of the Engine below the exhaust manifold Therefore on the firewall side of the car It protrudes through a hole in the engine block facing the gear teeth cogs of the signal plate on the a signal plate attached to the cyl no 4 crankshaft counterweight The CKPS informs the ECM of the following information The position of the crankshaft is the engine at TDC or elsewhere f the crank is a
10. ECM signals the IPDM E R to activate the appropriate relays for Low or High speed control They also will operate with the A C as well Refer to section ENGINE ENGINE CONTROL for information on the operation of the fans Otherwise refer to section ENGINE ENGINE COOLING for detail relating to the fans amp radiator Pressure Relief Cap Like D40 amp R51 models the pressure relief cap is located on the expansion bottle If there is any overflow it is relieved to the atmosphere THEREFORE DO NOT ALLOW THE COOLANT BOTTLE TO BE OVERFILLED Take note of the relief pressure on the cap 137kPa The Cap located on the radiator is a blanking only Take care NOT accidentally swap the caps over amp ensure the correct part is ordered if the cap is to be replaced M9R Turbo Coolant Pump An electrically operated coolant pump is used to enhance the flow of coolant around the turbo charger unit after the engine has been switched off if the coolant temperature exceeds a certain level The pump is powered by a relay which is in turn operated by DIRECTLY by the ECM Refer to page 56 for more detail Tu rbocharger cooling pump NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE COOLING Draining Engine Coolant Coolant is to be drained via the drain point in the bottom of the radiator A Radiator Drain Ideally the engine should be flushe
11. Fluid Level Check 1 Check for A T fluid leakage Ensure that there are no leaks amp if a leak is detected confirm what fluid it is that appears to be leaking Nissan Matic J Transmission Fluid 2 Park vehicle on level surface and set parking brake 3 Start engine 4 Move selector lever through each gear position amp then return the gear lever to the P position Level checking plug removed 5 Ensure that the A T fluid temperature is exactly 40 C e Connect CONSULT III Select TRANSMISSION Turbine Revolution Sensor 7 Select DATA MONITOR cia Read out the value of ATF TEMP SE 1 A T fluid temperature reaches 30 C in approximately five minutes after idling and 40 C after approximately ten minutes of idling The level checking operation must be performed quickly Line Pressure testing port 6 Remove drain plug 7 Check fluid level as follows gt 24 If ATF overflows from the drain hole adjust A T fluid TN ES level to the correct level by allowing the fluid to continue draining until the fluid is slowly dripping does not overflow from the drain hole amp fluid is not consistently dripping more fluid will need to be added Refer to the Changing Fluid instructions for information on how to add fluid WARNING Fluid level checking This operation must be carried out with the fluid temp plug drain plug set at 4
12. Is there air leaking into fuel prior to it reaching the pump Take a sample of Fuel amp store it in a clean air tight container for future reference 2 AIR a Is there sufficient QUANTITY of Air being delivered to the Engine Blocked Air Filter or Air Intake system Faulty ETC Air Leaks between MAFS amp Engine b Is there an acceptable QUALITY of Air being delivered to the Engine EGR valve stuck open Refer to EGR VOLUME CONTROL SYSTEM check in section EC of the Service Manual c Check that Exhaust System is not blocked d Check the Turbo Unit Refer to TC BOOST CONTROL SOLENOID VALVE check in section EC of the Service Manual Ensure there is a sufficient vacuum supply coming from the engine driven vacuum pump Also refer to TURBO CHARGER checks in section EM of the Service Manual e Check the Engine COMPRESSION with a KNOWN GOOD compression gauge WRITE down the figures you measured Follow the directions in section EM of the Service Manual 3 POWER SUPPLY amp GROUND CONNECTIONS Refer to pages 66 69 a Check the Battery Is it serviceable Does the condition improve with a jumper battery connected b Confirm the cranking speed if no start The engine should crank at a speed of at LEAST 160rpm Use DATA MONITOR amp view the CKPS in CONSULT to verify the engine cranking speed c Check ALL of the ground connections battery terminals fuses amp fusible links that relate to the ENGINE SYSTE
13. NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 FUEL SYSTEM Fuel Filter 1 Layout Refer to the picture shown right This details the basic configuration of the Diesel Fuel Filter in the vehicle Fuel Returning 2 Fuel Recirculation System iso aret On top of the Filter assembly there is a device Fuel S Recirculation Valve designed to recirculate fuel back pel dre into the filter after it returns from the Engine Dependant on the temperature the fuel either re enters the filter to warm the fuel in the filter to stop the fuel freezing or it returns directly to the fuel tank 3 Hand Primer Pump If there is a need to prime the fuel system simply squeezing amp releasing the hand pump bulb will perform this operation in EXACTLY the same manner it did with the previous hand pump design 4 Filter Element Refer to the picture shown right This is the element cut out from the steel canister amp removed Fuel enters the canister amp is taken from the external side of the filter paper to the inside of the filter paper amp then exits the centrally located outlet of the Filter assembly to the Engine Fuel Pump If any water is in the Fuel it will collect in the base of the steel canister 5 Filter Housing Refer to the picture shown right This shows the inside of the steel canister with the element removed Using the picture it can be seen the whe
14. REGFO1A 74 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION Vehicle Speed at Which Gear Shifting Occurs Unit km h Gear position Throttle position Full throttle At half throttle the accelerator opening is 50 of the full opening Take note of the shift point speeds in the above table In normal driving circumstances 6 gear will not be selected at a road speed of 100km h The 51 gear ratio of 0 855 1 is suitable for 100km h driving 6 gear ratio is 0 685 1 75 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION TCM OUTPUT ACTUATOR INI FUNCTION BATTERY VOLTAGE amp GROUND IGNITION SWITCH ACTIVITY ACCELERATOR PEDAL ACTIVITY ENGINE SPEED ENGINE TEMPERATURE A T FLUID TEMPERATURE REVOLUTION SENSOR 2ND VSS SIGNAL VEHICLE SPEED BRAKE PEDAL ACTIVITY GEAR LEVER POSITION P N GEAR LEVER POSITION Manual Mode TURBINE REVOLUTION ATF PRESSURE SWITCHES SW 1 SW5 CAN COMMUNICATION Input Clutch Solenoid Valve Input Clutch Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve SHIFTCONTROL CONTROL Direct Clutch Solenoid Valve Clutch Solenoid Valve LINE PRESSURE _Dieetchtch solenoid vae Front brake solenoid valve LOCK UP SOLENOID High and low reverse clutch solenoid valve ENGINE BRAKE CONTROL
15. SENSOR EXHAUST TEMP SENSOR FRONT EXHAUST GAS TEMP SENSOR DPF REAR EXHAUST GAS TEMP SENSOR DPF RATIO SENSOR THROTTLE VALVE POSITION REFRIGERANT PRESSURE High Side BRAKE PEDAL ACTIVITY Stop Lamp operation AUTO TRANSMISSION ACTIVITY amp GEAR LEVER POSITION ELECTRIC POWER STEERING ACTIVITY VEHICLE SPEED VEHICLE BRAKING STABILITY ESP SYSTEM ACTIVITY AIR CONDITIONER REQUEST ELECTRICAL LOAD CAN COMMUNICATION ECM FUNCTION FUEL INJECTION QUANTITY FUEL INJECTION TIMING VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL ASCD GLOW PLUG OPERATION EGR VOLUME CONTROL COOLING FAN CONTROL TURBO BOOST CONTROL ELECTRIC THROTTLE CONTROL DPF REGENERATION CONTROL A F SENSOR HEATER CONTROL TURBO COOLING CONTROL AIR CONDITIONER CONTROL EGR COOLER BYPASS CONTROL ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS OUTPUT ACTUATOR FUEL INJECTOR PUMP amp RAIL GLOW CONTROL UNIT EGR VOLUME CONTROL VALVE COOLING FAN RELAY Via CAN TURBO BOOST CONTROL SOLENOID VALVE ELECTRIC THROTTLE ACTUATOR AIF SENSOR HEATER AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR RELAY Via CAN TURBO COOLANT PUMP EGR COOLER BYPASS CONTROL DRIVER INFORMATION Fuel usage ASCD Glow DPF MALFUNCTION INDICATOR LAMP amp ECM SELF DIAGNOSIS CONSULT III NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL Inputs to ECM
16. THE FUEL CIRCUIT For each operation use new thinner used thinner contains impurities Pour it into a clean receptacle For each operation use a clean brush which is in good condition the brush must not shed its bristles Use a brush and thinners to clean the connections to be opened Blow compressed air over the cleaned parts tools cleaned the same way as the parts connections and injection system zone Check that no bristles remain adhered Wash your hands before and during the operation if necessary When wearing leather protective gloves cover these with latex gloves INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED DURING THE OPERATION As soon as the circuit is open all openings must be plugged to prevent impurities from entering the system The plugs to be used are available from the Parts Stores Nissan part No 16609 00Q0A They must not under any circumstances be reused Close the hermetically sealed bag even if it has to be reopened shortly afterwards Ambient air carries contamination All components of the injection system that are removed must be stored in a hermetically sealed plastic bag once the plugs have been inserted The use of a brush thinner bellows sponge or normal cloth is strictly forbidden once the circuit has been opened These items are likely to allow impurities to enter the system A new component replacing an old one must not be removed from its packaging until it is
17. TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Engine Control GROUNDS 1 The main GROUND for Engine Control is in the LHS of the Engine Bay It located down below the IPDM E R behind the LHF headlight NOTE as well as the Engine Control system Ground E17 is also the A T system ground Refer to page 77 ALWAYS ENSURE THAT THESE GROUNDS ARE CHECKED THEY MUST BE CLEAN amp TIGHT AND TIGHT LLL 2 Ensure that these 3 grounds linking the battery negative to the body amp transmission are clean amp tight Otherwise any grounds connected to the body such as 2 engine grounds discussed above cannot properly function NOTE The LHF wheel inner wheel arch plastic QT 9 lining will need to be removed for 5 10 i ds these ground connections EM DL v 78 ENSURE THESE e T 2 POINTS ARE EO 4 7 CLEAN amp TIGHT Te i _ x 68 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Engine Control GROUNDS RHF OF ENGINE BAY 3 There is another Ground strap that links the engine to the body the RHS of the engine bay ALWAYS ENSURE THAT THESE GROUNDS ARE CHECKED THEY MUST BE CLEAN amp TIGHT LI CLEAN amp TIGHT 4 A braided ground strap that links to body to the transmission mounts is located under the battery in the LHS of the engine bay 69
18. amp the TCM is constantly taking place The Transmission speeds gear position etc is shared with the ECM The Engine s activity such as Engine speeds amp temperature as well as the drivers commands Accelerator Pedal activity is shared with the Transmission NOTE PNP switch activity is included in the transmission activity signals that are sent to the ECM via the CAN 47 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 23 Stop Lamp Switch Normally open The stop lamp switch is installed on the brake pedal bracket The switch senses brake pedal position and sends an ON OFF signal to the ECM The signal actually comes from the BCM via CAN This signal is mainly used by the ECM to decrease the engine speed when the vehicle is driving moving The switch reverts to a closed position when the pedal is pressed It supplies power to the Stop Lamps as well as a signal to the ECM For AT models the switch has a second set of contacts which operate in the same manner This secondary switch is for the transmission lever Shift Lock function The Stop Lamp Switch is found on the Brake Pedal bracket adjacent to the ASCD Brake Switch 24 ASCD Brake pedal Switch Normally closed When the brake pedal is depressed ASCD brake switch and stop lamp switch are turned ON ECM detects the state of the brake pedal by these 2 SEPARA
19. an oil amp filter change needs to be carried out THE INSTALLATION OF A NEW ANOTHER ECM IS A COMPLEX PROCESS amp SHOULD BE AVOIDED 34 BOSCH NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 COMMON RAIL DIESEL CLEANLINESS amp PRECAUTIONS WARNING Do NOT clean the engine using a high pressure water pump because of the risk of damaging connections Moisture may collect in the connectors and create electrical connection malfunctions INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED BEFORE ANY WORK IS CARRIED OUT ON THE INJECTION SYSTEM Check that you have the plugs for the unions to be opened bag of plugs sold at the Parts Stores Nissan part No 16609 00Q0A Plugs are to be used once only After use they must be thrown away once used they are soiled and cleaning is not sufficient to make them reusable Unused plugs must be thrown away Check that you have hermetically resealable plastic bags for storing removed parts Stored parts will therefore be less subject to the risk of impurities The bags must be used only once and after use they must be thrown away Lint free towelettes to be used for fuel pump related service purpose The use of a normal cloth or paper for cleaning purposes is forbidden These are not lint free and may contaminate the fuel circuit of the system Each lint free cloth should only be used once INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED BEFORE
20. detected or the vehicle is sliding sideways etc the ECM assists with re stabilising the vehicle by controlling the engine power reducing fuel injection so that engine power is reduced NOTE ESP Electronic Stability Program VDC Vehicle Dynamic Control Both mean the same thing 50 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 31 Air Conditioner Request A request for Air Conditioner operation is sent from the A C Control Unit BCM to the ECM via CAN The ECM looks at various inputs of it s own to determine if it is OK to operate the compressor E G Eng speed eng temp eng loads etc as well as A C system pressure etc If the ECM allows compressor operation a signal is sent via CAN to the IPDM E R to operate the A C compressor relay located within the IPDM E R 32 Electrical Loads Whenever any electrical loads are switched on a signal is sent to the ECM typically via CAN The will then set a suitable idle speed via control if the ETC to cope with the additional load placed on the engine 51 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM 1 Fuel Metering Unit MPROP BOSCH As discussed earlier in this manual the ECM controls this device in order to regulate the amount of fuel that is a
21. element 2 x probes is approximately 2 up from the bottom of the fuel filter and provided the filter is full of diesel as it normally should be the resistance across the 2 sensor terminals is measured through the liquid diesel fuel in this case The value measured will be the default resistance value of diesel fuel Conductivity of diesel As water collects in the fuel system its specific gravity is greater than diesel causing the water to settle in the bottom of the filter Once 2cm approx of water has settled at the bottom of the filter the conductivity of water is different to diesel this in turn triggers the water in fuel warning to be activated With the ignition ON power is fed to the sensor unit terminal 3 in the base of the filter The sensor unit requires it s own power supply to operate Terminal 2 is connected to the Ground side of the globe in the instrument cluster If this wire is grounded the globe will illuminate Terminal 1 is permanently connected to Ground If there is enough water to short the sensor probes inside the filter see pic over page the sensor unit detects this condition amp then grounds terminal 2 In a normal condition the filter base should ONLY contain diesel fuel therefore this is not able to short the terminals Water can conduct electricity diesel cant therefore a Water in Fuel condition is detectable 82 Filter amp Sensor are 1 complete assembly UNIFIE
22. for T31 X TRAIL is 1350kg Braked trailer Flushing the Transmission Fluid with Transmission Flushing Machines This operation is not possible due to no external pipes hoses containing transmission fluid which can be branched into Repeatealy fill amp drain the transmission operate the transmission via the engine running etc between each drain amp fill to flush the transmission of contaminated fluid TRANSMISSION To Radiator 4 fine Pune oi L ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM Cooler Fluid p NEW 6 speed Engine Coolant is piped to the transmission The transmission fluid stays inside the transmssion It is NOT possible to branch into a pipe containing transmission fluid amp add an additional external fluid cooler to it CONVENTIONAL A T Transmission Fluid is piped to the base of the radiator It is possible to branch off the fluid pipes in order to extend the fluid cooling capacity of needed 80 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 HEG6F01A Transmission Trouble Diagnosis Basic Work Flow Chart STEP 1 Check In STEP 2 STEP 2a Verify on the vehicle what the incident is amp compare to what is described by the Customer Suy neu t STEP 3 Are there any Fault Codes DTC s STEP 5a STEP 4a STEP 5b STEP 4b 1 INFORM TechLine of the Incident Log a contact amp give ALL the
23. into a voltage signal ECM receives the signal and estimates the amount of Particulate Matter in DPF NOTE Additional information regarding DPF can be sourced from the Diesel Particulate Filter DPF Training Manual 19 Fuel Temperature Sensor The Fuel Temperature Sensor is of a conventional Thermistor design The sensor is located in the fuel line just prior to the fuel reaching the pump and detects the temperature of the fuel This information is sent to the ECM which is able to make corrections in the fuel injection signal which take into account the effect that temperature has on fuel viscosity 20 Barometric Sensor BOSCH The barometric pressure sensor is built into ECM The sensor detects barometric pressure altitude and sends the voltage signal to the microcomputer 46 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 4 Wheel Sensors 21 Vehicle Speed Signal The ECM receives vehicle speed sensor signal via CAN communication line The source of the signal originates from the ABS ESP system wheel speed sensors ABS actuator The ECM primarily uses this signal for ASCD control control unit Cruise Control NOTE It is NOT possible to add additional accessories that require a VSS to the vehicle such as Satellite Navigation systems 22 Transmission Activity Communication via the CAN network between the ECM
24. is to have been off for more than 5 mins at the time the door is opened so that the cluster will take the resistance reading of the sensor If the engine oil level is excessively LOW the instrument cluster will display the message Oil Lo 1 2 ri I Engine Oil level very LOW O maaa Engine Oil Level Sensor Protrudes through engine block into sump NOTE If more than 5 minutes has elapsed with the ignition OFF amp then the drivers door is opened after the engine oil has been drained during a normal service for example the low oil condition will remain in the memory of the cluster until the door has once again been closed amp remained so for 5 mins or more sufficient oil has been added to the engine amp the drivers door is re opened Keriman Cluster Please refer to section MWI of the Service Manual for further information regarding the operation of the sensor amp the display on the instrument cluster 85 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 MAINTENANCE General The Servicing for T31 M9R is mostly consistent with all other Nissan models See below for further comments etc STHICT PRECAUTIONS MUST BE ADHERED TO WHEN CHANGING THE ENGINE OIL amp REPLACING THE FUEL FILTER See below for more details Pre Delivery Inspection Ensure that a Pre Delivery Inspection is correctly carried out Refer to the Dealer PDI Pack f
25. made will be DENIED 2 Injectors If the diagnosis process has been correctly followed amp it has been determined that the Injectors are at fault please refer to Gl07 006a for repair or instructions 3 Fuel Rail If the diagnosis process has been correctly followed amp it has been determined that either the Fuel Rail Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor amp or the Fuel Pressure Regulating Valve is at fault please order a COMPLETE NEW FUEL RAIL ASSEMBLY via normal parts channels as the rail amp attached components are not serviceable amp are not supplied separately 4 Steel Fuel Tubes Once removed these components must NEVER be reused Order replacement ones via normal parts channels Refer to page 14 of this manual for more detail 5 ECM Itis HIGHLY UNLIKELY that the ECM has failed however if it suspected that the ECM has done so install it into a known good vehicle NEVER swap a known GOOD EOM to a problem vehicle If it is proven to be a failed ECM then there is a fault in the vehicle which caused the failure of the ECM LOCATE amp REPAIR THE FAULT prior to installing a new ECM to a problem vehicle As a rule of thumb ECM failures are EXTREMELY RARE Fuel Air Power amp Ground issues are most typically the cause of engine running faults Replacement ECM s are available via normal parts channels NOTE If the ECM is to be replaced numerous operations such as injector code entry amp service regeneration along with
26. on the steering wheel performs the same functions at the Trip Computer Mode switch on the inner RH side of the instrument cluster 84 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 METER WARNING amp INSTRUMENTS Electronic Engine Oil Level Indicator When the ignition switch is in the ON position engine oil information is displayed on the LCD display in the following order Distance to next service with a wrench symbol Engine Oil level indication Oil Good or Oil Lo Push amp release the trip computer mode switch or the INFO switch on the steering wheel button with an i when the Oil Good message is displayed A detail of the oil level 5 1 appears as illustrated Lip 5 ua Engine Oil level Sensor Operation The sensor is inserted through the side of the engine block amp is directed into the sump containing engine oil The operation of the sensor is the same as the sensor non 2 fitted to 025 engines If the Ignition is in the OFF position for MORE than 5 minutes amp then the drivers door is opened the resistance of the oil level sensor is measured by the instrument cluster If the resistance indicates that the sensor is inserted into a sufficient amount of engine oil the display on the instrument cluster will display the message Oil Good once the ignition is switched from ON The ignition
27. to the Engine 1 Pilot Injection Pilot injection precedes the usual injection ie main injection and is the injection of a very small quantity of fuel Pilot injection suppresses the initial generation of heat to TON RES Post injection TP Pilot injection Main injection for DPF regeneration decrease NOx and noise generated at the beginning of combustion A post injection is typically utilised during DPF Regeneration Cooling water temperature decrease 2 Fuel Injection Quantity Control i Fuel injection quantity at engine starting At engine starting the fuel injection quantity is determined by the engine speed at starting and coolant temperature Fuel injection quantity Engine speed ii Standard fuel injection quantity The standard fuel injection quantity is determined by the engine speed and accelerator position Accelerator depressed E d Pd Standard fuel injection quantity Engine speed iii Maximum fuel injection quantity The maximum fuel injection quantity is calculated from engine speed and boost pressure Boost pressure increase p Maximum fuel injection quantity Engine speed BOSCH NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Fuel Delivery to the Engine Cont d 3 Fuel Injection Tim
28. with ANY kind of Multimeter This can damage the sensor Carefully follow the directions in the Service Manual for the sensor inspection procedure DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER DPF EXHAUST SYSTEM e Do NOT modify the exhaust system in anyway amp do NOT remove or encourage the removal of ANY Heat Shields Always ensure the Heat Shields are in a serviceable condition Do NOT install OR allow the installation of accessories underneath the vehicle Ensure the area around the exhaust system is clear of ANY debris whenever the vehicle is presented for service Do NOT use exhaust extraction equipment whilst carrying out the Service Regeneration procedure using CONSULT III Ensure the vehicle is parked in a WELL VENTILATED area whilst the Regeneration process is being completed Do NOT use exhaust extraction equipment The engine needs to be left idling for 40 minutes Whilst Regeneration is being performed ensure the floor ground below the vehicle is clear of ANY material debris Ensure the floor ground surface beneath the vehicle is capable of withstanding high temperatures e Always replace engine oil and engine oil filter after a Service Regeneration using CONSULT III Fuel mixes with engine oil during service regeneration Ensure the engine oil used is 5W 30 ACEA C3 Full Synthetic e Never perform DPF DATA CLEAR in WORK SUPPORT mode with CONSULT III unless the DPF has been replaced with a new one If the D
29. 0 C If the fluid is too COLD at the time the level will appear to be too LOW f the fluid is too HOT at the time the fluid level will appear to be too HIGH 78 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION A T Fluid Changing 1 Warm up ATF by running the engine amp then stop the engine Fluid to as warm conveniently possible E 2 Remove drain plug 3 Remove A T fluid level tube amp allow the fluid to drain out of the hole 4 Install A T fluid level tube amp then install the drain plug 5 Inject ATF via the Turbine Revolution Sensor hole The battery battery tray ECM bracket will have to be remove to access the sensor 6 Refer to the Fluid Level Check previous page to ensure that the level is correct Ensure to warm the transmission up 40 C Use CONSULT Ill to confirm NOTES If the amount of discharge is known beforehand add 500ml of ATF to the amount of discharge and inject the total amount in the mounting hole of turbine revolution sensor th Safety Information f whole quantity of ATF has been discharged add Tooo saa see 500 of ATF to fluid capacity and inject the total amount Top in the mounting hole of turbine revolution sensor e Since the ATF in the A T assembly cannot be fully drained in a single opera
30. 0 engine Y61 There is the addition of a coolant pump which circulates coolant around the turbo once the engine has been switched off This is to ensure that an ideal temperature is maintained after engine shut off It will only be activated at a pre determined engine coolant temperature Refer to page 53 for more details Sensor Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right Catalyst As is the case with any modern CRD engine an Oxidisation Catalyst is fitted in the exhaust stream directly after the turbo charger unit An Air Fuel Ratio sensor is installed in the catalyst amp it is required for precise EGR control Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right 18 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Exhaust a The exhaust system is of a typical design E a ar pressure Sensor X xhaust Gas Temp Sensors however it incorporates the DPF unit They are NOT to be re used once removed Take special care when working on the exhaust system as it easily reaches EXTREMELY HIGH temperatures If for any reason the exhaust system is to be removed try to avoid the removal of t
31. 5206 anssi JO 261 SSA 166 jo eday 1 MuR MEMINI M CLT ON SIA ON anssi JO 287 i j UusibBnis 9uiBuz jo 2 Ill LINSNOD ISN DUILWES uonisog 294 abueys 00 jieday pasinbay 232 Paso D Wes Ill LINSNOD 08 Jo lt juawysnipy 10329fuJ uonisog 493 3091515009 159 uone ado 9217195 06 02 oiseg NOILVOI IddV NOILVHYJ3dO ADIAYAS 2ISV8 ON 159 peoy JI S3A NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Engine Control POWER SUPPLY 1 IPDM E R Power supply for Engine Control is housed within the IPDM E R Intelligent Power Distribution Module Engine Room Major components powered from here are ECM Relay ECM sensors amp actuators Cooling Fans Other items operated via the IPDM are as follows Head lamps amp fog lamps Taillights Front wipers Rear defog NOTE Fuses for ALL of the above mentioned components systems are located within the IPDM E R as well 2 Battery Fusible links Power to the ECM 15 sourced from the battery via the terminal amp fusi
32. ATA CLEAR was performed with CONSULT III yet the DPF was a used in service unit it maybe damaged because Regeneration is not performed at appropriate timing 5 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR THE M9R ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL Do NOT re use the drive belt once it has been removed f the drive belt is to be replaced the auto tensioner amp pulleys have to be replaced as well drive belt tensioner amp pulleys to be replaced every 100 000km s Do NOT run the engine without the drive belt or the harmonic balancer will be damaged Do NOT loosen remove the fuel pump pulley ENGINE LUBRICATION amp COOLING SYSTEMS Do NOT refill the engine with engine oil TOO FAST During servicing add the engine oil slowly it otherwise will spill out of the filler neck Do NOT start the engine until the new oil that was added to the engine has settled to the sump If the engine is started too soon after filling the oil may be sucked into the combustion chamber via the engine breathing system Allow 10 minutes After 10 minutes start the engine wait until the oil pressure light goes out should only be a few seconds amp then stop the engine Wait a further 10 minutes to ensure the engine oil has settled back into the sump Do NOT allow the engine to be overfilled The Engine Oil Level must be EXACTLY ON T
33. D METER CONTROL UNIT 221 2V Power Supply _ m Water L Fuel Warning Light m Ground for Bulb Check Combination Meter Assy Instrument Cluster Sensor in Base of Fuel Filter 2 Ground side Warning Light They are NOT separate parts NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 METER WARNING amp INSTRUMENTS i Water in Fuel Warning Light ON Condition Refer to the picture shown right This shows the amount of water necessary approximately 2cm deep to create a short between the 2 probes centrally located in the base of the filter housing er Shorts Terminals This short will trigger the illumination of the Water in Fuel warning light in the instrument cluster ii Water in Fuel Warning Light OFF Condition This picture shown right shows the amount of water remaining AFTER the drain tap has been opened amp all possible water has drained out Filter remained level Terminals NOT in Contact with Water NOTE When draining water from the filter itis STRONGLY ADVISED to remove the filter from the bracket amp turn the filler onto its side to ensure that the maximum amount of water can be drained out 83 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 METER WARNING amp INSTRUMENTS Distance to Next Serv
34. E FUEL SYSTEM VIA AN OPENED FUEL LINE CAN EASILY CAUSE SERIOUS ENGINE RUNNING PROBLEMS Tyre Rotation amp Wheel Balance Ideally they should be rotated amp balanced every 10 000km s Ensure that the wheels are installed properly amp that they are NOT tightened with an impact gun Ensure that they are correctly tightened USING A TORQUE WRENCH or driveline vibration will result Wheel Alignment A 4 WHEEL ALIGNMENT MUST BE CARRIED OUT AT THE PRE DELIVERY It is strongly recommended to inspect the front wheel alignment every 20 000km s or 1 year thereafter Monitor the wear characteristics of the rear tyres to determine the need of a rear wheel alignment HVAC system in cabin Micro Air Filter Replace it every 20 000km s More frequently in dusty conditions 87 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 MAINTENANCE Transmission M T GL 4 75W 85 Replace every 100 000km s Engine 5W 30 ACEA C3 Replace every A T Nissan Matic J 10 000km s J9JSUEJ Transfer Final Drive GL 5 80W 90 Diff Oil Replace every 40 000km s OT
35. HE FULL MARK It is quite common to find that most electronic oil dispensing systems utilised in many workshops are ACCURATE A slightly overfull oil level can CAUSE SERIOUS ENGINE DAMAGE Ensure that ONLY a 5W 30 ACEA C3 Low Ash Full Synthetic engine oil is used in this engine Engine Coolant is not to be replaced until 80 000km s or 4 years whichever occurs 18 Once it has been drained the engine properly flushed amp 3 litres of new Nissan LLC has been added along with clean good quality water the coolant is to then be replaced every 40 000km s or 2 years Do NOT mix any other brand of coolant with Nissan LLC amp do NOT allow the coolant to be diluted Ensure the cooling system has been properly bled after re filling Refer to section CO ENGINE ENGINE COOLING of the Service Manual for details on how to bleed the cooling system AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION e Only EVER use Nissan Matic J Transmission Fluid This is the same fluid that is required for R51 040 233 61 48 Do encourage the towing of loads above the maximum towing specification of 1350kg braked trailer 6 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Engine Cover amp Injection System Cover A majority of the injection system is contained underneath a specially designed cover An additional plastic cover is then locat
36. INE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right 13 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Glow Plugs The Glow Plugs are a conventional type amp are screwed into the cylinder head as shown The Glow Plugs will need to be removed to carry out a compression test Checking Engine Compression 55 Ensure that the correct SST is utilised IS ep Contact TechLine for the correct SST SUPA number 0 Carefully follow the directions outlined section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right Fuel Pump Fuel Rail 4 Fuel Injectors The Fuel Pump 15 attached to the rear of the cylinder head amp is driven directly by the RH camshaft The Fuel Rail WHICH STORES FUEL UP TO A MAXIMUM PRESSURE OF 1600 BAR 23 200 PSI is located on the top LH side of the cylinder head The Fuel Injectors are inserted into the cylinder head from the top of the engine Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NOTE Never reuse components marked with 63 Nissan Australia July 2008 DO NOT EVER LOOSEN ANY FUEL SYSTEM COMPONENTS CONTAINING HIGH PRESSURE FUEL WHILST THE ENGINE IS RUNNING SEVERE INJURY WILL MOST LIKELY RESULT The F
37. ING MANUAL Additional information will be collated amp added to this document at a later date When this does occur a special amendment document will be published on the new Nissan Learning Academy Go to www nissanlearningacademy com au for more detail This actual Training Manual will also be readily available at anytime for download amp printing within each Nissan Dealership T31 SERVICE MANUAL ESM SM8E 1T31G2 Your dealership service department will have access to a Service Manual ESM for T31 in July 2008 If not please contact TechLine via a non vehicle related enquiry This Training Manual is designed for the purpose of relaying information about the vehicle amp the systems within it This Training Manual is NOT to be used as the Service Manual Throughout this Training Manual references are made to the Service Manual for additional information regarding fault diagnosis repairs amp or maintenance Once again should there be any doubt please contact TechLine 31 SERVICE TECHNICAL BULLETINS Please ensure you familiarise yourselves with all STB s relating to T31 Once the screen where all STB s are accessed click on the by Model link amp then all the STB s will be MEUM mem re sorted so that all the T31 STB s are together EE ty Dealer Communication Square Australia 1 Click on by Model 2 Look for the vehicle model code from the list Learning Academy T31 X T
38. M Carry out the POWER SUPPLY AND GROUND CIRCUIT checks in section EC of the Service Manual 4 ENGINE OIL COOLANT amp PREVIOUS WORK HISTORY HAS THE VEHICLE GOT A DECENT SERVICE HISTORY a Oil level is correct Is it over under full Due for changing b Is it the correct grade viscosity for the engine c Coolant level amp condition is OK Genuine coolant used Cooling system is functioning OK d Have you got records of other PREVIOUS WORK HISTORY Nissan dealer or Non Nissan Dealer FITMENT OF NON GENUINE PARTS amp AFTER MARKET ACCESSORIES 60 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Checklist Continued 5 BASIC SERVICE ITEMS Review the Basic Service amp Inspection on the following pages Carry out the inspection as part of any trouble diagnosis activity Some of the items may not be necessary given the type of problem in question 6 ILLOGICAL INPUTS INTO THE ECM a Whilst being driven as well as stationary ensure that inputs such as Brake Pedal Position BPP Sw are input correctly For a complete reference list refer to section EC TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS CONSULT Reference Value in Data Monitor Mode of the Service Manual b If possible drive the vehicle fitted with a KNOWN GOOD Mass Air Flow Sensor 7 ENGINE MECHANICAL TIMING INDICATION SYSTEM Is the Engine s Static Timing OK Val
39. OID MEANS REPLACING THE WHOLE FUEL RAIL ASSEMBLY PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE If this valve is disconnected it will result in no rail pressure amp the engine will not start 4 Turbo Boost Control Solenoid Valve Like the 2030 engine Y61 amp YD25 engines 51 Turbocharger D40 the Turbo Charger is a Variable Nozzle Geometry 99051 control Turbo Vacuum is supplied to the actuator on the turbo If actuator a high level of vacuum is applied the actuator rod is forced to lift which in turn allows for maximum boost If the vacuum supply is cut the rod will then be forced to drop with the assistance of spring pressure The end result is no turbo boost The Turbo Boost Control Solenoid valve is designed to allow vacuum to be applied or stop vacuum being applied to the actuator The ECM has the ability to provide a partial vacuum situation for partial turbo boosting as well This is via an ON OFF pulse being applied to the solenoid by the ECM Turbo Boost A Control NOTE As part of a Lack of Power trouble diagnosis ALWAYS solenoid ensure that the vacuum pump 15 functioning OK If the vacuum pump is worn amp it is not providing sufficient vacuum the turbo will not operate properly As a result the engine will lack power due to lack of Turbo Boost 53 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM
40. RAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R The T31 X TRAIL is now available with a 2 0L 4 cylinder turbo diesel engine The all new M9R engine is a jointly developed engine by Nissan amp Renault Various Renault models utilise this engine in the Australian market as well as the X TRAIL The engine is a 2 0L Common Rail Diesel engine with a maximum power torque output of 127kW 360Nm M T only The 127 kW engine can be identified via the red coloured I in the dCi badge on the tailgate direct Common rail injection 2 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 131 M9HR Technical Features Displacement Litres 2 0 Bore x Stroke mm 84 x 90 Compression Ratio 15 6 1 Direct Injection e M T Maximum Power KW 127 3750 rpm M T Maximum Torque Nm 360 9 2000 rpm e A T Maximum Power KW 110 4000 rpm A T Maximum Torque Nm 320 9 2000 rpm Bosch CP3 CRD 1600 BAR max pressure Piezo type Injectors Variable Geometry Turbo controlled by the ECM Intercooler mounted in front of the radiator Diesel Particulate Filter Valve train DOHC 4 valves per cylinder with hydraulic lash adjuster 1 x Single row Timing Chain Small 274 chain for Engine Oil Pump only Piston Cooling Jets Gear driven Balance Shaft unit attached to the base of the engine Engine O
41. RICATION of the SS Cartridge Type Service Manual whenever working with any Basel LU Engine Oil amp Filter to be replaced every 10 000km s of the components shown right 20 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE LUBRICATION Engine Oil level Sensor The sensor is inserted through the side of the engine block amp into the sump containing engine oil The operation of the sensor is the same as the sensor fitted to YD25 engines If the Ignition is in the OFF position for MORE than 5 minutes amp then the drivers door is opened the resistance of the oil level sensor is measured by the instrument cluster If the resistance indicates that the sensor is inserted into a sufficient amount of engine oil the display on the instrument cluster will display the message Oil Good once the ignition is then switched from OFF to ON If the engine oil level is excessively LOW the instrument cluster will display the message gt Engine Oil Oil Lo Level Sensor Please refer to section MWI of the Service Manual for further information regarding the operation of the sensor amp the display on the instrument cluster Otherwise refer to page 85 of this manual for more detail Engine Oil Cap Oil Level Gauge The Oil Cap has the Engine Oil Level Gauge attached to it Remove the cap amp carefully lift up to slide the Dip Stick
42. SEM PUN Meu 3 ddl NVX3 1eedoij e JO eda njsseoonsun ue ur nsa isee pjnoo jueujeoe dai 9 eiunjre ed eui uoddns 1 eq p nb ase 21529 JEUM 19491 8200 uuinjoo epis 1J9 y ui y uo zey seda JO Jreda4 918201 HEN TIVH L X e uo pauinboi eq Ajqissod pjnoo ey 52 edau eoid A je sesueuuns Ap4oinb yeyo siu L DISeg s1o 2alu au SAMEA 403 HPH dems ON X PI ana pe peo deis paddems Jad pesn SJA jeus A snorA24d asejday e ejdas 194310 pueg 10 21122 19ejuo aed uo uonsadsul aunssaid ay yno Anes ssauJeu Jood 10 422345 W53 zo0Zd DLO Ex 5 sunsseid jsneuxa jenuayig out 10 sJosues jsneuxa ayy saua NDF Sl sjndui 2 210 5141 i NO i
43. TE inputs NOTE The ASCD Brake switch reverts from a closed position to an Open position when the brake pedal is depressed As a result the ECM receives a OV signal when the pedal is pressed The Stop Lamp switch works in the opposite manner 25 ASCD Clutch pedal Switch Normally closed When the clutch pedal is depressed it signals the ECM to cancel the ASCD It is on the SAME circuit as the above discussed ASCD Brake pedal switch It also is normally closed If the pedal is pressed it opens amp the output voltage from the ECM is NOT sent to ground 1 ASCD Clutch Switch 48 1 Stop Lamp Switch 2 ASCD Brake Switch Accelerator and Brake mutual comparison diagnosis Failsafe Control This diagnosis is designed to return the engine to normal idle when the driver depresses the brake pedal whilst the accelerator pedal is being held to drive the car ASCD OFF The diagnosis feature judges that driver wants to stop driving the vehicle ECU judges that the accelerator pedal is hanging However if the brake pedal is depressed prior to the accelerator pedal being depressed it will not drop engine RPM Activation conditions Engine RPM 1000rpm Vehicle speed gt 5km h DTC P2299 will be logged in the ECM as a result of this condition NOTE This feature also applies to T31 models fitted with the QR25 petrol engine amp Y61 models fitted with the ZD30 CRD engine However a DTC will NOT be logged JEN Sy
44. ble links As part of ANY trouble diagnosis activity YOU MUST ENSURE THAT ALL OF THESE CONNECTIONS ARE CLEAN amp TIGHT OR ENGINE RUNNING ISSUES WILL RESULT 66 LHF Strut Towe r m AN 1 4 e 2 SS d SS MAKE SURE ALL TERMINALS ARE CLEAN AND TIGHT Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Engine Control POWER SUPPLY 3 Alternator The battery is charged by the alternator Ensure the connections on the alternator amp clean amp tight MOST IMPORTANTLY YOU MUST ENSURE THE ALTERNATOR IS CHARGING THE BATTERY PROPERLY With a Digital Multimeter connected to the battery run the engine at 2000rpm with ALL ACCESSORIES SWITCHED ON headlights on high beam rear defog A C on max The voltage should remain above 13volts ht Fuse Block J B Various accessory related fuses are located here There are no fuses in this location that relate to engine operation It is located to the lower right of the steering column S 1 AS wv 7 SA 27 VI al VAS m Mos c ESHS 24 Ca veh y 7 ORE 7 ry M LN 270 4 47 AN X WA dev des DDL for CONSULT Ill Li x 6 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE
45. ctually moving amp if so how fast 1 section of the signal plate does not have teeth cut into it This is to determine the 360 degree TDC point 40 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM Rear of 4 Camshaft Position Sensor CMPS CMPS is located at the rear of the cylinder head senses the camshaft rotation The ECM uses this information to identify a particular cylinder s piston position and firing order PS is able to be used as a back up signal This provides some control of the engine management system by utilising the timing of cylinder identification signals Left Side Camshaft 552 Y 3 Signal Plate 41 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 5 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor ECTS The ECTS is used to detect the engine coolant temperature Its design amp operation is the same as other ECT sensors utilised by the Nissan engine range 6 Mass Air Flow Sensor MAFS The MAFS is placed in the stream of intake air It measures the intake flow rate by measuring a part of the entire intake flow The MAFS controls the temperature of the hot wire to a certain amount The heat generated by the hot wire is reduced as the intake air flows around it The more air the grea
46. cuum Pump The vacuum pump is driven directly by the RH camshatt It is located on the rear of the cylinder head adjacent to the Fuel Pump Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NOTE As part of a Lack of Power trouble diagnosis ALWAYS ensure that the vacuum pump is functioning OK If the vacuum pump is worn amp it is not providing sufficient vacuum the turbo will not operate properly As a result the engine will lack power due to lack of Turbo Boost 10 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction ENGINE MECHANICAL Auxiliary Drive Belt Idler Pulley amp Tensioner The auxiliary drive belt constantly has its tension adjusted to the correct specification Inspection due to the automatic tensioner unit 5 Do re use the belt once it has been removed Always REPLACE the auto tensioner 4 idler pulley whenever a new belt is to be installed The drive belt tensioner pulley 4 idler pulley must be replaced as a complete set every 100 000 5 Do NOT run the engine without the drive belt or the harmonic balancer will be damaged The alternator does NOT have a one way clutch fitted The alternator pulley is a conventional type Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of
47. d thoroughly before refilling the engine with new coolant Bleeding Air from Engine Cooling System Bleeding trapped air from the cooling system is via the top heater hose on the firewall Disconnect the hose amp raise it to a higher level as the diagram suggests Approximately 10cm Please follow the instructions in sections ENGINE ENGINE COOLING 4 MAINTENANCE of the Service Manual whenever working with any of the components shown right Cooling System Capacity 8 9L 3 0L of Nissan LLC will be required to ensure the correct 30 LLC 70 Water ratio DO NOT REPLACE THE ENGINE COOLANT UNTIL THE 80 000KM SERVICE OR 4 YEARS THIS APPLIES TO ALL CURRENT NISSAN VEHICLES Coolant is to be replaced every 40 000km s or 2 years there after 24 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Basic Design Features of CRD There is a chamber which is similar in appearance to a Petrol Engine EFI Fuel Rail mounted along the top of the Engine i e the Fuel Rail or otherwise known as the Common Rail The Rail is filled with fuel via a High Pressure Pump being driven directly by the engine The design principle amp operation is near identical to that of a Petrol Engine with EFI NOTE Fuel Pressure is NOT created via Engine Oil Pressure as i
48. destroy it ii Pressure Regulating Valve The pressure regulating valve is an electromagnetic ball type seat valve that maintains a constant pressure in the rail When the pressure of the fuel in the rail is less than the specified pressure the ECU increases the current to the solenoid to seat the armature plate s ball against the valve body seat Because of this the fuel supplied by the supply pump is able to increase the pressure in the rail When the pressure of the fuel in the rail exceeds the specified pressure the ECU decreases the current to the solenoid As a result of this the pressure of the fuel in the rail pushes against the armature plate s ball and fuel is returned to the fuel tank until the fuel pressure reaches the specified pressure Through this series of controls a constant fuel pressure can be maintained in the rail Also overflow from the supply pump and the injectors is returned to the fuel tank through the pressure regulating valve to assist with the cooling of this valve 29 Overflow to fuel tank Overflow from supply pump injectors PLEASE OBSERVE THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS REGARDING HIGH FUEL PRESSURE SYSTEMS REFER TO STB GI 05 007 FOR MORE DETAIL Metal gauges Metal diaphragm Housing Signal processing circuit RAIL PRESSURE SENSOR Neither of these 2 sensors can be unscrewed from the fuel rail If either of them have to be replaced the WHOLE RAIL needs to be replaced
49. driven gear The drive gear is connected to the high pressure pump drive shaft by a plate coupling The rotational speed of the drive gear is the same as that of the drive shaft Drive shaft Fuel from fuel tank 1 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 1 Fuel Pump BOSCH Cont d Zero delivery ii Fuel Metering Unit MPROP The fuel metering unit consists of a housing an armature assembly a magnetic core a solenoid core a Groove surrounding piston piston and a spring The piston is located inside the magnetic core Fuel flows through the inlets and into a groove running around the inside of the magnetic core Outlet Maximum delivery Fuel from feed pump Fuel from feed pump 27 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 1 Fuel Pump BOSCH CP3 Cont d iii High Pressure Pump The high pressure pump is a radial piston high pressure pump in which three plungers are arranged radially around the eccentric drive shaft The plungers are reciprocated by the eccentric rotation of the polygon ring assembled on the driv
50. e shaft The polygon ring itself does not rotate it is only moved in a circular motion The drive shaft is driven directly by the engine via a coupling The high pressure pump consists of inlet valves outlet valves plungers plunger springs tappets a polygon ring a drive shaft and a pump housing 28 Cylinder 1 top dead center Plunger spring Cylinder 1 Inlet valve Polygon ring Cylinder 3 57 Cylinder 3 Cylinder 2 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 2 Rail The Rail stores pressurised fuel 0 to 1600 BAR 23 200psi delivered from the supply pump and distributes the fuel to each cylinder s injector NEVER CRACK OPEN A FUEL LINE steel fuel line linked to the rail WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING OR CRANKING SEVERE INJURY WILL BE A RESULT OF THIS ACTION i Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor The rail pressure sensor is mounted in one end of the rail and detects the fuel pressure in the rail This signal is sent to the engine s ECU This sensor is a semi conductor type pressure sensor which uses the Peizo resistive effect to detect changes in electrical resistance when pressure is applied to a silicon wafer NOTE Do NOT probe the sensor with a mutimeter An attempt to check the internal resistance of this sensor will
51. e them reusable Unused plugs must be thrown away Check that you have hermetically re sealable plastic bags for storing removed parts Stored parts will therefore be less subject to the risk of impurities The bags must be used only once and after use they must be thrown away Lint free towelettes to be used for fuel pump related service purpose The use of a normal cloth or paper for cleaning purposes is forbidden These are not lint free and may contaminate the fuel circuit of the system Each lint free cloth should only be used once 4 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR THE M9R ENGINE ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM Do NOT ever DISCONNECT the injector harness connectors whilst the ignition is ON or the engine is running on ANY CRD engine The Injector operating voltage reaches up to 120 VOLTS Do NOT wet the engine bay especially using a high pressure water cleaner Moisture will most likely cause corrosion issues with the electrical components Always ensure all GROUND connections are clean amp tight Poor grounds will cause poor running issues electrical noise interference issues etc Do NOT unscrew the Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor amp the Fuel Pressure Regulating Solenoid from the Fuel Rail The rail sensor solenoid can only be replaced as 1 part Do NOT probe the Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
52. ed on the top of the engine These covers are designed to minimise engine noise Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right M9R Camshafts There are 2 x camshafts given that the engine is a DOHC engine Each camshaft opens amp closes inlet amp exhaust valves Therefore each camshaft is identified as a left or right camshaft This design is very similar to 2030 YD25 engines Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL Betor de CPC PORC TCI PCI A Qo Ce 7 Inlet amp Exhaust Valve Layout 1 Camshaft right side 2 Camshaft left side A Intake cam lobe B Exhaust cam lobe gt Engine front OF Cylinder Head The cylinder head is made of cast alloy The valve train utilises hydraulic lifters instead of shims Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Timing Chain A single chain is ut
53. emble the Fuel Rail If components such as the Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor or the Pressure Regulating Solenoid Valve require replacement the WHOLE FUEL RAIL is to be replaced As ageneral rule do NOT allow any fuel components from the Fuel Filter through to the Injector to be left open to the atmosphere The atmosphere itself as well as airborne particles can damage the fuel system components REFER TO THE SECTION OF THE SERVICE MANUAL TITLED PRECAUTIONS IN SECTIONS EM amp EC for M9R ENGINE ECR FOR MORE DETAILS e Removed fuel system components must be placed in specially HERMETICALLY SEALED BAGS Otherwise components must be plugged using special plugs from Nissan parts Refer to PRECAUTIONS in the Service Manual as mentioned above A simple operation such as replacing the fuel filter at the 40 000km service can damage the fuel system if the operation is carried out in a contaminated environment Ensure that the vehicle runs ONLY on good quality Diesel Fuel Bio Diesel is in NO WAY suitable for this or any Nissan CRD engine Do NOT in any way disassemble the Fuel Pump or Fuel injectors Petrol EVEN IN TINY QUANTITIES will damage the engine Check that you have the plugs for the unions to be opened bag of plugs sold at the Parts Stores Nissan part No 16609 00Q04A Plugs are to be used once only After use they must be thrown away once used they are soiled and cleaning is not sufficient to mak
54. ensor heater When the A F sensor heater is ON ECM controls A F sensor heater with ON OFF pulse duty signals according to driving conditions The sensor is heated to ensure accurate operation 11 Cooling Fan Control The controls the cooling fan relays corresponding to the vehicle speed engine coolant temperature A C refrigerant pressure and air conditioner ON signal The control system has 5 step control VERY HIGH HIGH MEDIUM LOW OFF The ECM does not directly drive the cooling fans It switches the fan relays ON or OFF which in turn controls the cooling fans 3 cooling fan relays are located within the IPDM E R unit amp 2 additional relays are located adjacent to the IPDM E R 12 Electric Coolant Pump Relay N 52 The ECM controls the cooling pump relay located Differential Pressure Senso behind RH headlight which in turn operates the coolant pump The coolant pump is activated for 5 minutes after the engine has been switched off if an 80 deg C coolant temperature has been exceeded Coolant is circulated around the turbo so that the engine oil does not boil amp seize the turbo NOTE The Turbo Coolant pump is ONLY operated when the engine is NOT running 56 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM 13 Malfunction Indicator Lamp ORANGE On Board Diagnosis T
55. er Automatic Transmission Fluid Including Matic D Do NOT reuse transmission fluid once it has been drained Fluid level inspection as well as the replacement of the fluid will require a special process to be followed Strictly adhere to the process outlined in this Training Manual or the ESM SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING ANY TRANSMISSION REPAIRS Itis NOT possible to overhaul the transmission Do NOT disassemble it If the ESM directs you to replace the transmission CONTACT TECHLINE 157 Components such as oil seals sensors speed amp temperature or switches PNP may NOT be available as separate parts If the If the ESM directs you to replace the transmission CONTACT TECHLINE 157 73 10 13 16 19 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION rine A TSA eS oo to LHF wheel QA ie Drive to RHF wheel SE ix m 2 Hh Drive to Transfer a y n zz Drive to Rear FD Converter housing 2 Oil pump 3 3 5 reverse clutch FR planetary gear Low clutch 6 Output gear Low and reverse brake 8 One way clutch 9 2 6 brake High clutch 11 planetary gear 12 Side cover planetary gear 14 Reduction pinion gear 15 ldler gear Final gear 17 Transfer driven gear 18 Differential case Transfer drive gear 20 Input shaft 21 Torque converter
56. f the tank Fuel trapped in the other bowl is pumped over via the Jet Pump The jet pump is operated via the return fuel flowing back into the tank Passenger Side NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 FUEL SYSTEM 3 Special Service Tool For the removal of the sender units the SST EKV9910477700 is required 72 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 65 E A T Engine The availability of a Automatic Transmission is made possible with the new 6 speed transmission produced for Nissan amp Renault by JATCO General Specification Applied model 4WD Automatic transmission model RE6FO1A Transmission model code number 1XN1A Stall torque ratio 151 4 199 2nd 2 405 3rd 1 983 Transmission gear ratio 4th 1 154 5th 0 855 eth 0 685 Reverse 3 457 Recommended fluid Genuine NISSAN Matic J ATF Fluid capacity rito SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS ONLY USE GENUINE NISSAN MATIC J TRANSMISSION FLUID IN THIS TRANSMISSION Do NOT use any other fluid in this transmission such as NISSAN MATIC D or other Non Nissan brand of fluids Do NOT use Matic J Fluid in any other transmission Matic J is ONLY designed for the RESRO5A amp Transmissions Do NOT Blend or mix Matic J fluid with any oth
57. gnals output from the microcomputer are converted to drive signals in accordance with their content These drive signals are output to the injectors and the solenoid valves to control injection quantity and injection timing NEVER swap a known GOOD ECM to a problem vehicle Fit the suspect ECM to a known good vehicle instead If it is proven to be a failed ECM then there is a fault in the vehicle which caused the failure of the ECM LOCATE amp REPAIR THE FAULT prior to installing a new ECM to a problem vehicle As a rule of thumb ECM failures are EXTREMELY RARE Fuel Air Power amp Ground issues are most typically the cause of engine running faults NOTE If the ECM is to be replaced numerous operations such as injector code entry amp service regeneration along with an oil amp filter change needs to be carried out THE INSTALLATION OF A NEW ANOTHER ECM IS A COMPLEX PROCESS amp SHOULD BE AVOIDED Vehicle side information Engine speed Cooling water temperature Injectors Accelerator pedal position solenoid valves Clutch pedal position Vehicle speed Air mass Common rail side information Information display Pressure inside common rail Lamp display BOSCH NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Fuel Delivery
58. he DPF temperature sensors Once they have been unscrewed from their position THEY ARE NOT TO BE RE USED 19 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE LUBRICATION Camshaft left sida M9R Lubrication System aD lubrication system is of a similar design E E SE to most other Nissan engines However ther SENT AUS o most other Nissan engines However there ae 553 LAS 33 Hydraulic Lash is now the addition of hydraulic lifters in the cylinder head The Engine Oil pump is a separately mounted chain driven unit Timing chain tensioner 4 A D D j i 4 1 Q 57 cooler Timing chain ail jet Balancer unit ____ Oil filter Oil pump Oil strainer Engine Oil Cooler amp Filter Cooling A large engine oil cooler unit is utilised Coolant Coolant from the engine circulates inside the unit in order to maintain the engine oil at an appropriate temperature A cartridge type engine oil filter is utilised The design is similar to that used on the ZD30 engine Only use SW 30 ACEA C3 Low Ash type xe The Engine amp Filter is to be replaced every 10 000 5 i Nor Terr a engine oil in this engine EL IN Please follow the instructions in section Coolant ALL ENGINE ENGINE LUB
59. he MIL is located in the Instrument cluster between the in the typical ORANGE colour amp it indicates an engine system fault Use of CONSULT Ill is required to extract DTC s 14 DPF Over Accumulation Warning Lamp ORANGE This light is illuminated by the ECM to warn the driver that the DPF has over accumulated with soot amp a Regeneration needs to be carried The customer should simply drive the car for a MINIMUM of 20 minutes at a steady 60 80km h until the light goes out There will be DTC s logged as a result of this light If DTC P2002 is logged there is a specific DPF system related fault 15 Glow Plugs Activated Indicator Light ORANGE This light will illuminate when the ignition is switched on It indicates to the driver that the glow plugs are active warming up the engines combustion chamber It is desirable to wait until this light goes out prior to starting the engine Once the engine is running the light will remain off although in many cases the glow plugs remain active for a period of time dependant on engine temperature SPECIAL NOTE Water in Fuel Filter Warning ORANGE This light is NOT operated by the ECM It is permanently powered by the instrument cluster amp it is illuminated when it is grounded by the water sensor in the base of the Fuel Filter There will be DTC s logged when the water sensor in the base of the Fuel Filter is grounded However if the water in fuel situation is n
60. ice Reminder The distance to next service reminder MUST BE ADJUSTED TO THE CORRECT INTERVAL AT THE PRE DELIVERY INSPECTION The vehicle will be delivered with the interval set to 20 000 5 i e The reminder will indicate that there is no need for a service until 20 000km s The Service interval for T31 X TRAIL Diesel is every 10 000km s To adjust oil change interval 1 Push and hold the trip computer mode switch for more than 3 seconds while the wrench symbol and distance to next service information is displayed The wrench symbol and the distance will reset to 20 000km s amp start flashing Release the mode switch 2 While the display is flashing push the trip computer mode switch again to enter the adjusting mode 3 Turn the trip computer mode switch clockwise or Trip Computer counter clockwise to increase or decrease the interval Mode Switch Each turn increases or decreases the interval by 1 000 km s If no further action is taken the display will switch to the oil level indication and the new interval will be set To Reset the Service Reminder after a Service Push and hold the trip computer mode switch for more than 3 seconds while the wrench symbol and distance to next service information is displayed The wrench symbol and the distance will start flashing amp the interval will revert back to 10 000 5 The display will stop flashing after some seconds NOTE The Info switch
61. il Pressure Control Solenoid Valve on the Fuel Rail in order to vary the Fuel Rail pressure the amount of fuel that is in the Fuel Rail NOTE DO NOT EVER DISMANTLE THE FUEL RAIL REPLACING THE FRP SENSOR MEANS REPLACING THE WHOLE FUEL RAIL ASSEMBLY 10 Turbo Charger Boost Sensor The Turbo Boost Sensor detects pressure in the inlet just after to the throttle unit Measure intake air pressure after it exits the ETC The sensor output voltage to the ECM increases as the air pressure in the inlet manifold increases 11 Throttle valve Position Sensor TPS The TPS responds to the throttle valve movement It has two sensors These sensors are potentiometers which transform the throttle valve position into an output voltage and send the voltage signal to the ECM The TPS detects the valve position and sends the voltage signals to the ECM PAD The ECM judges the current opening angle of the throttle valve from these signals and controls the throttle a control motor to set the throttle valve opening angle in response to the requested condition by the ECM for EGR control amp DPF regeneration control J Throttle Valve 43 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 12 EGR Volume Control Valve Position Sensor The EGR Position Sensor monitors the actual position of the EGR Valve amp sends a feedback
62. il specification 5W 30 ACEA C3 Low Ash 10 000km service interval R51 040 YD25 Technical Features Displacement Litres 2 5 Bore x Stroke mm 89 x 100 Compression Ratio 16 5 1 Direct Injection e Maximum Power KW 126 4000 rpm Maximum Torque Nm 403 2 2000 rpm Denso CRD 1800 BAR max pressure Solenoid type Injectors Variable Geometry Turbo controlled by the ECM Intercooler mounted in front of the radiator Diesel Particulate Filter A T only e Valve train DOHC 4 valves per cylinder shim adjustable 2 x Dual row Timing Chains Piston Cooling Jets Gear driven Balance Shaft unit attached to the base of the engine Engine Oil specification A T variants fitted with DPF 5W 30 ACEA C3 Low Ash 10 000km service interval M T variants variants without DPF 10W 40 ACEA B3 10 000km service interval NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS FOR THE M9R ENGINE ENGINE FUEL SYSTEM Do NOT crack open an injector line i e loosen any steel fuel pipes lines or any fuel tube connected to the Fuel Rail whilst the engine is running or being cranked Use CONSULT III ENGINE DATA MONITOR to determine if the engine has sufficient fuel pressure Do NOT re use any steel fuel tubes that form part of the high pressure fuel system once they have been loosened removed Do NOT disass
63. ilised in order to drive the camshatts A secondary chain is utilised to drive the Engine Oil Pump The design is similar to that on the MR series petrol engine Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right M9R Engine Oil Separator An elaborate Engine Oil separator unit is installed in the top of the engine It controls the flow of the internal engine vapours that are created during the operation of the engine NOTE Due to the complex nature of the design GREAT CARE MUST BE TAKEN WHEN RE FILLING THE ENGINE WITH NEW ENGINE OIL DURING SERVICING Do NOT fill the engine too fast Do NOT start the engine until all of the oil has settled in the sump Allow at least 10 minutes g xcu D a if gt Carefully follow the directions outlined section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Oil Pan Sump A 2 piece sump design is utilised It is of similar construction to YD amp ZD engines Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right M9R Va
64. information you have about the incident so far 1 INFORM TechLine of the Incident Log a contact amp give ALL the information you have about the incident so far 2 Refer to section TM of the Service Manual Inspections Before Trouble Diagnosis Carry out the 1 4 checks as follows i A T FLUID CHECK condition leakage amp level ii STALL TEST iii LINE PRESSURE TEST iv ROAD TEST 2 Refer to the page in section C AT of the Service Manual that is relevant to the DTC recorded Follow procedure in order to rectify fault STEP 6 PRIOR TO COMPLETION OF REPAIR AND HANDING BACK TO THE CUSTOMER 1 If not already done Refer to section TM of the Service Manual Inspections Before Trouble Diagnosis Carry out the 1st 4 checks as follows i A T FLUID CHECK condition leakage amp level STALL TEST iii LINE PRESSURE TEST iv ROAD TEST 2 PLEASE UPDATE the TechLine contact NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 METER WARNING amp INSTRUMENTS Water in Fuel Warning System There is a sensor assembly in the base of the Fuel Filter which triggers the light once a set amount of water has collected in the base of the Filter The sensor measures the electrical conductivity of the liquid it is immersed in The sensing
65. ing Control i Main Injection Timing Main injection timing is calculated from the fuel injection quantity and engine speed Fuel injection timing quantity increase Engine speed ii Pilot Injection Timing pilot interval The pilot interval is calculated from the fuel injection quantity and engine speed Fuel injection quantity Pilot interval Engine speed 4 Fuel Injection Pressure Control Fuel injection quantity Increase 4 The fuel injection pressure is calculated from the fuel injection quantity and engine speed Pressure in the Rail is regulated by the Fuel Metering unit on the Fuel Pump amp the Pressure Regulating Valve on the Fuel Rail Common rail pressure Engine speed 33 BOSCH NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Service amp Repair of Bosch Fuel System Components 1 High Pressure Fuel Pump If the diagnosis process has been correctly followed amp it has been determined that the Fuel Pump is at fault please refer to 107 00 for repair or instructions Only a specific Bosch agent is authorised to inspect dismantle amp repair these Fuel Pumps DO NOT ORDER A NEW PUMP FROM PARTS TO REPAIR A PUMP OR SUSPECT PUMP PROBLEM If this occurs without any authorisation from Nissan any warranty claim
66. ir pressure turbo boost amp airflow in the ae intake when the engine is starting raced under load REFER TO PAGE 53 OF THIS MANUAL FOR MORE DETAIL 8 Engine Compression Ensure that there is suitable compression Follow the directions outlined in section EM of the ESM 63 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS CONSULT Work Support 1 Access to WORK SUPPORT Touch the spanner icon 4 then select the smaller spanner ECU icon at the top of the screen on gt CONSULT ice Highlight ENGINE xo s _ Touch OK E OMER AIR BAG TRANSMISSION Ce Touch the icon adjacent to the word Work Support vao SE DB wean Am 2 Selection of Required Work Support com LA Operation 0 D Select highlight the desired Work Support operation amp x1 es then touch Next La TUUM Refer to the chart on the following page as well as SERVC REGENERATION section EC for M9R BASIC INSPECTION for further Z LEARNING instruction regarding these operations VIN REGISTRATION In most cases the on screen instructions will guide you MAR aaa IN ADJ VAL REGIST further PO62F EXCLUSIVE FUNCTION EGR LEARN CLR ZFC VALUE RESET SPECIAL NOTE Do NOT perform the DPF DATA CLEAR unless you
67. le force is needed to overcome the fuel pressure keeping the valve closed To do this the force generated by the expansion of the piezo electric element is amplified This acts on servo piston 1 with a diameter greater than the opening piston 3 Fuel from the return circuit connects the 2 pistons hydraulically Each Injector UNIQUE perti code etched on the electrical connector 1 Piezo electric actuator 2 Tank return line 3 High pressure inlet 4 Hydraulic servo 5 Control chamber 6 Valve 7 Jet plate 8 Needle 9 Transfer pipe To ensure the servo body is correctly filled a pressure of 10 bar in the return circuit is required A pressure valve located on the circuit fulfils this function NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 4 Electronic Control Module ECM Information signals detected by the various sensors and switches are input to a microcomputer inside the ECM In accordance with these information signals characteristic data and compensation data recorded on the ROM Read Only Memory device are read into the CPU the central processing unit Computations are performed using this control data and the information signals from the input section and the results are output as control signals The control si
68. llowed to be delivered forced into the Fuel Rail The Fuel Metering unit in principal works in a similar manner to the Suction Control Valve SCV on the Denso High Pressure Fuel pump fitted to R51 D40 D22 models with the YD25 CRD engine Fuel metering unit MPROP 2 Fuel Injector Piezo type BOSCH Once again the Fuel Injector is discussed earlier in this manual The operation of the Injector is in principle the same as the operation of the Injector in a gasoline engine The ECU has complete control of when the Injector is open how long it is opened for amp in turn the amount of times the Injector is open amp shut in 1 piston cycle NOTES PLEASE OBSERVE THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS REGARDING THE HIGH VOLTAGE WHICH OPERATES THE FUEL INJECTORS REFER TO STB GI 05 007 FOR MORE DETAIL Do NOT re use the steel fuel tubes that link the rail to the injectors or the Fuel pump Fuel Rail Assembly Common Rail 52 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM 3 Fuel rail Pressure Regulating Valve Bosch This solenoid is attached to the end of the fuel rail amp it works in conjunction with the Fuel Metering unit on the Pressure Fuel Pump It maintains an ideal fuel rail pressure at all Regulating times SPECIAL NOTE Valve DO NOT EVER DISMANTLE THE FUEL RAIL REPLACING THE PRESSURE REGULATING SOLEN
69. old is of a cast alloy construction The ETC unit amp the electrically operated EGR volume control valve form part of the inlet manifold The ETC unit is utilised during DPF regeneration EGR control amp engine shut down Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right The electrical operation of these components is detailed in section EC of the Service Manual M9R EGR System An EGR system is utilised as is the case with all modern CRD engines The design amp operation of the system is similar to that fitted on ZD30 CRD amp the current YD25 engine Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right M9R Exhaust Manifold The exhaust manifold is of a typical cast iron design attached to the cylinder head Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL B Exhaust Temp Variable Geometry Turbo Sensor 1 A Variable Geometry Turbo Variable Nozzle Sp or VNT is utilised The operation of the turbo is the same as fitted to the YD25 engine D40 R51 ZD3
70. omer Are there any Fault Codes DTC s STEP 5a STEP 4a Y NO 25 The fault is basic FUEL AIR POWER GROUND STEP 5b STEP 4b 1 Refer to page in SM that is 1 Consider the items discussed on relevant to the DTC the following 4 pages 2 Inform TechLine of the fault and 2 Refer to MOR Basic Service amp the actions that YOU have so far Inspection on the following pages carried out amp other info gathered if the 3 Inform TechLine of the fault and problem persists the actions that YOU have so far carried out amp other info gathered if the problem persists PRIOR TO COMPLETION OF REPAIR AND HANDING BACK TO THE CUSTOMER 1 ONCE AGAIN ensure that ALL of the items listed under the heading CHECK LIST amp Basic Service amp Inspection discussed on the following 4 pages are in PERFECT order 2 Take vehicle on a thorough road test re check for any DTC s on return 3 PLEASE UPDATE the TechLine contact 59 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Checklist 1 FUEL a Is there sufficient QUANTITY of Fuel being delivered to the pump Blocked Filter or Lines b Is there an acceptable QUALITY of Fuel being delivered to the Pump Drain base of Filter amp check for contaminated Fuel Dirt amp or Water Check for PETROL as well c Question the customer about their fuel purchasing habits etc d
71. or more details on the PDI of T31 vehicles Engine Oil for M9R Ensure that a suitable quality engine oil is used It is recommended to use 5W 30 ACEA C3 Low Ash type engine oil amp it is to be changed every 10 000km s 6 months whichever comes 151 PRECAUTIONS Do NOT fill the engine too quickly Do NOT start the engine until 10 minutes after the oil has been added to the engine Do not allow the engine to be overfull even slightly overfull is un acceptable The Oil level must be exactly on the full mark after the engine has been started oil pressure warning light has gone out amp then stopped to rest for 10 minutes DO NOT RELY ON THE AUTOMATIC OIL DISPENSING SYSTEMS AS IT IS COMMON FOR THEM TO BE IN NEED OF RE CALIBRATION Engine Oil Capacity including Filter 7 4L Engine Oil Specification 5W 30 ACEA C3 Full Synthetic Low Ash type engine oil Engine Coolant for M9R Ensure that the Coolant is NOT replaced until the 80 000km service or 4 years whichever comes 151 Once it has been replaced the service interval for coolant is every 40 000km s or 2 years NOTE Always ensure that all of the old coolant has been drained flushed from the engine Only EVER use Genuine Nissan Long Life Coolant Engine Cooling System Capacity 8 4 8 9L A T Reservoir Bottle capacity is an additional 0 75L 6 speed Auto Transmission Fluid Nissan MATIC J There is no specific servicing requirement for the AT However if the
72. ot amended engine related DTC s will eventually be logged due to water damaging the FUEL SYSTEM components 57 Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL WATER IN FUEL x1000r min M9R Engine Related Warning Lights Instrument Cluster MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp 1 A Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC has been logged in the ECM CONSULT III is required to view the code Although the engine may appear to be running OK it is advisable to have the vehicle inspected immediately DPF Diesel Particulate Filter has over accumulated with soot 1 Drive the car at a steady speed of 60 80km h until the light goes out GLOW Glow Plugs activated indicator light 1 No need to wait until it extinguishes itself in most cases WATER IN FUEL Water in the base of the Fuel Filter STOP THE ENGINE IMMEDIATELY amp DRAIN THE WATER OUT OF THE BASE OF THE FUEL FILTER 1 These lights are operated by the ECM The Water in the Fuel Filter light is switched to ground via the water collecting in the base of the fuel filter Refer to pages 82 83 for more detail 58 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS STEP 1 Check In STEP 2 STEP 2a Verify on the vehicle what the incident is amp compare Can t Fault it to what is described by the Cust
73. re water is contained With reference to the picture above as well as this one it can be seen that there is a 2cm deep reserve for water NOTES The Water Fuel Sensor Fuel Recirculation Valve amp the drain tap come complete with the fuel filter assembly They are NOT separate parts When draining water from the filter itis STRONGLY ADVISED to remove the filter from the bracket amp turn the filter onto its side to ensure that the maximum amount of water can be drained out Refer to pages 82 83 for more detail NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 FUEL SYSTEM Fuel Tank 20L approx 25 mir Ensure the tank is NOT full when it is The Fuel Tank design in T31 is very similar S B tobe removed to what is found in T30 Z50 Z33 amp J10 The Tank is made of a plastic material amp has an 65L capacity p NN The shape of the tank is a saddle design due Sy Sub Fuel to the propeller shaft running up the centre of Ni Sender the vehicle for the rear drive This creates the need for a Jet Pump system to pump over trapped fuel to where the main pump is located Fuel Senders Due to above described saddle type tank design 2 x Fuel sender units are utilised They are wired in series in order to show an average of the amount of fuel in the tank Fuel is taken from the drivers side o
74. s TRANSMISSION 62 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS DIFF EXH PRES mbar M9R Basic Service amp Inspection 4 DPF Pressure Difference Inspection EXH GAS TEMP2 150 200 C Less than 3 0 Ensure that the DPF is not restricted excessively Use EXH GAS TEMPS 150 200 C CONSULT Ill in ENGINE DATA MONITOR to view the DIFF EXH PRES with the engine running as per the conditions outlined in the chart shown right Refer to the DPF Training Manual for more detail 5 Battery Alternator GROUNDS Given the engines high reliance on ELECTRICAL POWER ensure that the source of this is in perfect order Clean tight battery terminals Battery can pass a load test Alternator is charging properly WHEN IT IS UNDER LOAD Engine ground connections E17 E21 REFER TO PAGES 66 69 OF THIS MANUAL FOR MORE DETAIL 6 Fuel Pressure Use CONSULT in ENGINE DATA MONITOR FUEL RAIL PRESS or ACT CR PRESS to determine the amount of fuel pressure in the rail Do NOT loosen a fuel line at the injector or rail REFER TO PAGE 14 OF THIS MANUAL FOR MORE oe Se en ne eee DETAIL wesevor zz 00 7 Turbo Boost Pressure Mass Air Flow Use CONSULT Ill in ENGINE DATA MONITOR 1 EOM BOOST PRES amp MAF SEN VOLT to determine the hp Tom to80081 amount of a
75. signal to the ECM The ECM judges the current opening angle of the valve from this signal and controls the DC motor to position the valve opening angle in response to driving conditions 13 Exhaust Gas Pressure Sensor An exhaust pressure sensor is mounted on the exhaust manifold at the turbo inlet It measures the pressure in the exhaust system before the gases enter the turbo The sensor is utilised to regulate the exhaust pressure siiis for turbocharger and catalyst protection It is used in sensor 1 combination with the Boost Sensor for better turbo boosting control pressure sensor 14 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor An Exhaust gas Temperature Sensor is located adjacent to the above mentioned temperature sensor It is used for the following to reasons Turbo engine amp engine component protection Optimum temperature control for DPF regeneration Avoid removing these sensors from their position unless they are to be replaced Removing unscrewing these sensors will most likely damage them 44 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL Inputs to ECM 15 Air Fuel Ratio Sensor EGR The Air Fuel Ratio Sensor measures the content of Oxygen left over after combustion This signal allows for the more precise control of EGR by the ECM for the most ideal NOx emission AIF Ratio 16 Front E
76. ssive amount of water that collects in the base of the Filter a sensor activates a SEPARATE ORANGE WARNING LIGHT located in the tacho to warn the driver of the water in fuel condition The filter amp sensor is only available as 1 complete assembly The Filter must be replaced every 40 000km s or 2 years It is ideal to replace it more frequently under severe driving conditions Refer to pages 82 83 of this Training Manual Refer to section MA of the Service Manual for more for more discussion on the Water in Fuel detail regarding the servicing of the Fuel Filter warning light 2 Air Filter amp Inspection of Air Intake Ensure the Air Filter is serviceable If it is lightly dusted it can be cleaned with compressed air as the element is a dry paper type Other wise it should be replaced Ensure the remainder of the air intake system such as the intercooler behind the bumper is free from Blockage Leakage Damage Especially considering the Intercooler that is mounted behind the front bumper 3 DTC Inspection Using CONSULT Ill check for any DTC s in ENGINE as well as any other system PRINT OFF ANY DTC s RECORDED IMMEDIATELY prior to taking any further action Refer to the ESM for information about the codes Refer to the list of Possible Causes to determine the MOST LIKELY cause of the fault REMEMBER THE CODE COULD BE RELATED TO THE BASICS Do NOT immediately blame expensive det component
77. t is in some other types of CHD engines This system is known as Hyaraulic Electric Unit Injection HEUI The Fuel is maintained under this extremely high pressure in the rail as so desired by the ECM Steel tubes connected to each injector supply this pressurised fuel from the rail The injectors therefore can be operated by the ECM at any time to produce the very fine spray pattern thanks to the readily available at all times high fuel pressure in order to promote clean combustion The utilises the Bosch EDC16CP33 Common Rail System NEVER CRACK OPEN AN INJECTOR LINE WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING OR CRANKING Fuel pressure can reach a MAXIMUM PRESSURE of 1600 BAR 23 200PSI BOSCH 25 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 BOSCH COMMON RAIL DIESEL INJECTION Written with the kind permission amp support of BOSCH AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 1 Fuel Pump BOSCH CP3 The Fuel Pump consists primarily of the following Feed pump Fuel Metering Unit MPROP Metering Proportional Valve High Pressure Pump NOTE Do NOT in anyway dismantle the Fuel Pump or even loosen remove the front pulley Once it s removed from the engine seal all openings with the designated plugs IMMEDIATELY Driven gear Fuel to Drive gear i Feed Pump The feed pump is a circumscribed gear type pump and consists of a drive gear and a
78. ter the heat loss Therefore the electric current supplied to hot wire is changed to maintain the temperature of the hot wire as air flow increases The ECM detects the air flow by means of this current change 7 Intake Air Temperature Sensor IATS The IATS is built into the MAFS The temperature sensing unit uses a thermistor which is sensitive to the change in temperature Electrical resistance of the thermistor decreases in response to the temperature rise 8 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor APPS The APPS is installed on the upper end of the accelerator pedal assembly The sensor detects the following items of information Actual Accelerator Pedal Position f the pedal is actually moving being pushed by the driver or not and if it is moving the rate of movement rapid movement or gentle slow movement The controls the injection based on these signals Idle position of the accelerator pedal is determined by the ECM receiving the pre learned signal from the APPS The ECM uses this signal for idle control amp fuel Cut 42 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM 9 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor BOSCH The sensor is an extremely important input into the ECM From this signal the ECM can determine how to operate the Fuel Metering Solenoid Valve on the Fuel Pump as well as the Fuel Ra
79. the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right Nissan Australia July 2008 Indicator Range when new drive belt is installed Possible use range NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL g Engine Oil Filler CKPS ND Engine Oil x gt Level Sensor Engine Oil Cap amp Dipstick n Shaft Unit B NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Balance Shaft Unit The M9R consists of a gear driven Balance Shaft unit It is attached to the bottom of the engine inside the sump The design amp operation is similar to that fitted to the YD25 engine The balance shaft unit is located at the rear of the engine amp it is driven by a gear on the rear of the crankshaft just forward of the CKPS signal plate Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right Engine Oil Pump Engine Oil Pump The engine oil pump is mounted amp driven ina Chain driven similar manner to the engine oil pump on the series petrol engine It is driven by a small chain from the front of the crankshaft Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENG
80. tion the steps from 3 to 5 may need to be performed up to 3 times or so Replace O rings of the drain plug and the turbine revolution sensor with new ones Apply ATF to O rings X If the special procedure for Checking the A T Fluid is not followed then the risk of over filling the transmission can occur Fluid leakage will occur if the Transmission is overfilled e It will NOT be necessary to replace the Transmission Fluid Filter when changing the A T fluid The filter is NOT available as a separate part it comes complete with the Control Valve valve body assembly Only use Nissan Matic J Transmission Fluid 79 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION A T Fluid Cooling Cooling of the A T Fluid is achieved via an engine coolant filled Transmission Fluid Cooler unit attached to the Transmission assembly SPECIAL NOTE AT NO STAGE DOES THE TRANSMISSION FLUID EXIT THE TRANSMISSION The Fluid is contained within the transmission at all times There is no external Air to Fluid cooler mounted in front of the radiator amp there is no Coolant to Fluid cooler located in the bottom tank of the radiator After Market Transmission Fluid Coolers Itis NOT POSSIBLE to add an additional fluid cooler to the vehicle as there are not any external pipes hoses that are accessible The MAXIMUM towing capacity
81. to be fitted to the vehicle Even the simple Fuel Filter replacement process during the 40 000km service can DAMAGE the fuel system if the above noted cleanliness precautions are not adhered to 35 Y oD f 2 Di 77 E ye 2 yn li Nissan Australia July 2008 LIN aS 25 5 eg 12 cet 2 qe yen qu c rye gt 2 4 7 en A 2 s ce a 2 pay neu f Pa M4 x f i d 2 y Tm 39 27 ae Ve Lx lt E m _ mo D T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction sj E COMMON RAIL DIESEL CLEANLINESS Sealing Plugs Nissan part No 16609 00Q0A 2 X 10 NISSAN Learning Academy gt 77 RUN N gt Josuas Josues uoljisod 105095 aJnjge1eduia d 2 Josuas 4 V 6 jeped 2 9 jue ooo Josues ejnsseJjd Josues AAIBA Joyenjoe 2 sneuxa 1 11 ainssaid seb 15 8 einsseaid any 5 ssed q 18 009 HSJ 2 S 2 105095 105095 0102 2 seb 201 sosues 55
82. uction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM 8 EGR Volume Control Valve The EGR volume control valve consists of valve actuator and position sensor The valve is installed in EGR passage and operated by the actuator according to the output signal from the ECM The actuator uses a DC motor and it opens or closes the valve to change the EGR flow rate NOTE The EGR valve does a complete close amp open self test cycle AFTER the engine completely shuts down The EGR valve assembly on the Y61 Patrol fitted with the ZD30 CRD engine amp current YD25 engines is similar to this EGR valve assembly EGR cooler bypass Solenoid 9 EGR Cooler Bypass Control The ECM operates a vacuum switching solenoid which in turn operates the EGR cooler bypass actuator Actuator is operated by vacuum The purpose of the actuator is to bypass the warm exhaust gases around the EGR cooler when the engine is cold in order to reduce soot emissions Once the engine is at operating temperature the exhaust gases are directed through the EGR cooler prior to entering the intake 55 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Outputs from ECM Air Fuel Ratio Sensor 10 Air Fuel Ratio Sensor Heater Based on intake air temperature engine coolant temperature and rear exhaust gas temperature ECM Operates the A F s
83. uel Pump outputs fuel to the fuel rail under EXTREMELY HIGH PRESSURE 1600BAR or 23 200PSI 14 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL Air Intake System 5 Variable Geometry Turbo 9 Electric Throttle Unit 2 Air Cleaner Housing 6 Intercooler Inlet Pipe 10 Turbo Boost Sensor 3 Mass Air Flow Senor 7 Intercooler behind front bumper 11 EGR Valve Unit 8 Intercooler Outlet Pipe 12 Inlet Manifold NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL Air Cleaner housing amp Air Duct Air Cleaner housing amp ducting is similar in design to what is installed on QR25 variants Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NOTE The Air Filter element is NOT the same as fitted to QR25 variants Intercooler The intercooler is fitted behind the front grille bumper in a similar manner to R51 040 Carefully follow the directions outlined in section ENGINE ENGINE MECHANICAL of the Service Manual whenever working on any of the components shown right NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE MECHANICAL M9R Intake Manifold The Intake Manif
84. urrent at times Electric Power Steering unit 49 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL Inputs to ECM J Connector portion 29 A C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor RPS The RPS is installed on the high pressure pipe between Signal processing portion the condenser amp the evaporator on the A C system A electric circuit The sensor uses an electrostatic volume pressure transducer to convert refrigerant pressure to voltage The pressure of the liquid after it has exited the condenser is measured The voltage signal is sent to ECM and it controls the cooling fan system or disengage the compressor in the event of excessively LOW or HIGH system pressure Due to the input of this sensor it can be possible to have Electric cooling fan operation due to high A C system pressure yet the engine temperature is cool Input from this sensor can also assist the ECM to set the most ideal idle speed control for the given conditions Typically on a hot day the system pressure is high therefore the compressor load on the engine is high The ECM will need to set a higher engine idle speed to cope with the higher load 0 134 2746 Refrigerant pressure 30 ESP VDC amp TCS Activity Communication from the ABS TCS VDC Control Unit is sent to the ECM via CAN communication When the vehicle is un stabilised due to excessive wheel slip being
85. ve timing etc Timing Chains amp associated drive components amp CKPS CMPS indication devices OK Excessive or Insufficient Valve Clearances Also refer to Check Item 2 Air on the previous page 8 NATS Are all of the Keys working Is there a foreign Electronic device on the Key Ring Set Are the keys genuine parts The RED Key Car symbol in the Combination Meter will illuminate if there is a NATS related issue however this is NOT always the case 9 PRE PROGRAMMED ECM FAILSAFE OPERATIONS a Ensure the customer does NOT drive with the brake pedal applied b Ensure that the brake pedal brake pedal switches Stop Lamp amp ASCD cut are correctly adjusted Ensure the clutch pedal ASCD cut switch is correctly adjusted where fitted 61 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 M9R ENGINE TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS M9R Basic Service amp Inspection 1 Fuel Filter Bleeding amp Water Drain Warning light is located next to MIL on the instrument cluster 5 a The Fuel Filter design is similar to that fitted to ZD30 2 CRD engine vehicles R51 amp 040 YD25 also utilise the same design since mid 2006 production Fuel Filter There is an in line type primer pump which is operated hand is located adjacent to the Filter assembly There is a facility to drain water on the base of the unit If there is an exce
86. vehicle is used for towing a lot it is SIRONGLY RECOMMENDED that the fluid is closely inspected for colour condition level etc every 10 000km s otherwise every 20 000km s If it is discoloured or it appears to be contaminated drain the fluid amp refill with new Nissan Matic J fluid only AT Fluid Capacity 7 5L Only use Nissan MATIC J 96 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel M9R New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 MAINTENANCE 6 Speed Manual Transmission Oil Inspect the Oil carefully Typically it will require replacement by 100 000km s Only use a suitable quality GL 4 type Transmission Oil with a viscosity of 75W 85 Transmission Oil Capacity 2 0L Transfer amp Final Drive Oil Inspect the Oil carefully in each unit Typically it will require replacement every 40 000km s Only use a suitable GL 5 type Oil with a viscosity of 80W 90 Transfer Capacity 0 36 0 38L Final Drive Capacity 0 55L Brake Fluid Replace the brake fluid with a suitable DOT 4 type fluid every 40 000km s or 2 years Dry Paper Air Filter Element Inspect it every 10 000km s amp replace it after a maximum of 40 000km s or every 2 years More frequently for dusty conditions Fuel Filter Like any other diesel engine model IT MUST BE DRAINED EVERY 10 000KM S and replaced every 40 000km s or 2 years THE FUEL FILTER REPLACEMENT OPERATION MUST BE CARRIED OUT IN A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT CONTAMINATION OF ANY KIND THAT ENTERS TH
87. xhaust Gas Temp Sensor DPF The Front Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor EGTS is installed before DPF and senses the exhaust gas temperature The signal is sent to the ECM 4 it is used 10 compare the signal from the EGTS fitted to the outlet rear of the DPF Exhaust gas temp sensor Exhaust gas temp sensor 3 d 17 Rear Exhaust Gas Temp Sensor DPF The Rear Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor is located after DPF and senses exhaust gas temperature __ oe As mentioned above the signal from this sensor is a y compared to the signal from the front sensor Do not remove these sensors from their position unless they are to be replaced NOTE Removing unscrewing these sensors will most Additional information regarding DPF can be sourced likely damage them from the Diesel Particulate Filter DPF Training Manual 45 NISSAN Learning Academy T31 X TRAIL Diesel New Model Introduction Nissan Australia July 2008 ENGINE CONTROL M9R Inputs to ECM SN SZ 18 Differential Exhaust Pressure Sensor by A Differential Pressure Senso DPF The Differential Exhaust Pressure Sensor is connected to the inlet amp outlet sides of the DPF unit in the exhaust system via 2 separate pressure sensor tubes upstream and downstream The Sensor measures the difference between the exhaust pressure before and after the DPF The Differential Exhaust Pressure Sensor converts the difference

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