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Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Operation and Service Manual

1. 2 13 Releasing the Nano DMA Base Bracket ssess 2 14 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3085 Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode seseseen E Nith 2 15 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3085 Nano DMA in Dual Blower MOG Gis sese teet Peg aln ove aee vede ga 2 16 Front of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier 3 1 Classifier LCD Display eeeeee i 3 2 Back Panel and Side Panel of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier eeseeeee reas 3 4 24V DC Power Input Pin Designations eee 3 4 Main Internal Components eeeeeeee eee eeeeee ees 3 7 Schematic Diagram of the Classifier eseses 3 8 Model 3081 Long Differential Mobility Analyzer 4 2 Schematic Diagram of Long DMA sseeee 4 3 3085 Nano Differential Mobility Analyzer 4 4 Schematic Diagram of the Model 3085 Nano DMA 4 5 Classifier LCD Display iie eere eben tad ek ee ae 5 2 Cleaning the Impactor sse 6 2 Unscrew Middle Flange to Split Long DMA for Cleaning 6 3 Cleaning Replacing Model 3081 Dacron Screen 6 6 Disassembly of Model 3085 Nano DMA for Cleaning 6 7 Location of Ground Wire seesseeeee Hm 6 9 Replacing Cleaning the Dacron Screen ssss 6 10 Removal of Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer
2. Mounting the Instrument 2 2 The Classifier has no special mounting requirements other than providing good ventilation see below The cabinet has four non marking rubber feet that give the instrument a good grip on clean level surfaces The rubber feet Figure 2 1 are installed in the cabinet using integrated 44 20 UNC threaded fasteners and can be removed by unscrewing to allow other mounting fasteners to be used Note If the cabinet is mounted to a plate drill holes in the plate to match the ventilation holes in the bottom of the cabinet or use standoffs to raise the bottom of the cabinet at least 2 inch 1 2 cm above the mounting plate Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 222 88 222 1727 3175 4387 o 9 e 000000000000000000000000 Figure 2 1 Bottom View of Electrostatic Classifier Showing Location of Rubber Feet Feet can be removed to provide mounting points on cabinet Dimensions are in inches mm Ventilation Requirements The Classifier cabinet is designed to be cooled by room air drawn in through a filter from the back of the cabinet and exhausted through holes at the side front and bottom of the cabinet The cabinet should be installed with at least 2 inch 50 mm clearance between the back panel and left side panel and any other surface Also the cabinet should be set on a clean hard surface so that the exh
3. To leak check the Bypass flow path follow these steps 1 2 Plug the EXHAUST FLOW port on the Classifier Connect a pressure gauge or manometer between the BYPASS FLOW port and a leak tight valve The valve should be closed Connect the valve to a vacuum source or a vacuum pump capable of drawing 18 in Hg vacuum Turn on the vacuum pump or vacuum system and slowly open the valve Allow the vacuum gauge reading to become stable and then close the valve Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Observe the gauge reading The reading should not change by more than 0 1 in Hg in 5 minutes If the Bypass flow plumbing does leak follow the steps below under Isolating Leaks To leak check the Aerosol flow path follow these steps 1 Isolating Leaks 1 A neutralizer must be installed If an impactor is installed the pressure taps should be connected to the ports on the side of the Classifier or connected together or plugged Plug the AEROSOL INLET port on the front of the Classifier or the Inlet to the Impactor if you have one installed Connect a pressure gauge or manometer between the POLYDISPERSE FLOW port and a leak tight valve The valve should be closed Connect the valve to a vacuum source or a vacuum pump capable of drawing 18 in Hg vacuum Turn on the vacuum pump or vacuum system and slowly open the valve Allow the vacuum gauge reading to become stable and then close the valve Obser
4. 6 12 Replacing Classifier Filters eeeee 6 13 Location of Main PC Board eee 6 15 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Tables 6 10 Location of the EPROM on the Main PC Board 6 16 6 11 Location of High Voltage Controller in 3080 Electrostatic Classifier eee 6 17 6 12 Positive High Voltage Controller eeeee 6 18 6 13 Removing High Voltage Controller esee 6 19 6 14 Electrical Board After High Voltage Controller is REMOVER nr pq e S RE PEERS 6 19 6 15 Optional Positive High Voltage Controller Installed 6 20 B 1 Classifier Shown with Impactor Installed on Inlet B 3 B 2 Cross Sectional View of an Inertial Impactor Hirnds 1982 5 IAEA Sa asa PI Cb aon Chetan ees B 3 B 3 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Long DMA ccc etn ve oes ene mannan sage artenes B 6 B 4 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode esee B 7 B 5 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in Dual Blower Mode esee B 8 B 6 Bipolar Particle Charge Distribution in Air Wiedensohler and Fissan 1988 eere B 9 B 7 Collector Rod Voltage as a Function of Particle Diameter for Normal Operating Conditions of the Long DMA Agarwal and Sem 1978 eR B 14 C 1 Seria
5. Figure 2 10 Installing Nano DMA in Mounting Bracket Push down and toward cabinet until spring locks in place To remove the DMA refer to Figure 2 11 and use the following steps 1 Place a flat bladed screwdriver between the DMA baseplate and the mounting plate locking spring 2 Push the screwdriver in about inch 3 mm and twist the screwdriver to unlock the spring 3 Pull the DMA away from the cabinet and then up to release it Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 13 2 14 Figure 2 11 Releasing the Nano DMA Base Bracket Tubing The Nano DMA requires tubing to carry aerosol and sheath air between the Classifier and the DMA There are two different modes to connect the Nano DMA to the Classifier the Single Blower mode and the Dual Blower mode The Single Blower mode uses one internal blower for the clean sheath air and the other for bypass flow to minimize the diffusion loss at the DMA inlet The Dual Blower mode connects two internal blowers in series to drive the clean sheath air up to 20 L min to reduce diffusion loss and narrow down the DMA transfer function No bypass flow is used in this mode See Chapter 5 for more details Single Blower Mode For Single Blower mode refer to Figure 2 12 and Table 2 4 as you follow the steps listed below to install the DMA tubing 1 The accessory kit contains flexible conductive tubing that allows you to quickly configure the Classifier for use Cut appropri
6. Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Companies Solon Ohio 2 6 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers side of the impactor fitting with low pressure tap is attached to the aerosol inlet of Classifier Figure 2 4 Connect Aerosol Enters to Aerosol Here Inlet of Classifier High J Pressure hi L Tap ow Pressure Gasket Tap Impactor Impaction Body Surface Unscrew to clean Figure 2 4 Impactor Inlet There are three nozzle sizes to choose from The nozzle size and flow rate determine the largest particle size that can be sampled within each SMPS measuring size range For best results use Table 2 2 to determine the correct nozzle to use for the flow you set Each nozzle is interchangeable and can be screwed into the impactor body with a gasket to seal the thread Using the Classifier display you can view the flow rate directly from the pressure drop measured across the impactor The Classifier stores an internal calibration curve for each impactor size and serial number Only use the impactor nozzles that come with the Classifier because the calibration curves stored in the Classifier are unique for the nozzles Table 2 2 Typical Flow Range for Each Impactor Nozzle Aerosol Inlet Flow Range L min Nozzle Size cm 0 2 to 0 8 0 0457 0 3 to 1 0 0 0508 0 6 to 2 1 0 071 When you have selected a nozzle size you need to physically install it in the impactor body and then set the
7. command with no parameter echoes the current parameter setting Q A Set command with parameters echoes OK if the parameter is accepted A Read command returns the requested value All other commands will return an OK if executed unless otherwise noted The response ERROR will be returned if the command is not understood or has an invalid parameter 66 o Q Commands returning multiple parameter are separated with Using Serial Data Commands C 3 C 4 Command Quick Reference The following tables provide a quick reference to all the serial commands Command definitions syntax and examples begin after the tables Directions for issuing commands and troubleshooting commands are provided at the end of this section Read Commands RP Read Pressure RQ Read Flow Rate Read Firmware Version RT Read Temperature Read Model Name RUS Read User Setting Read On Time Read Flags RMV Read Measured Value Set Commands SPDx Set Particle Diameter SVMx Set Voltage Mode SHVx Set High Voltage SFMx Set Flow Mode SQSx Set Sheath Flow Rate SQBx Set Bypass Flow Rate SCSAx Set Cal Sheath Parameter A SCSBx Set Cal Sheath Parameter B SCBAx Set Cal Bypass Parameter A SCBBx Set Cal Bypass Parameter B SCI1Ax Set Cal Impactor 1 Parameter A SCIIBx Set Cal Impactor 1 Paramete
8. i 0 HM f N 10 Equation B 2 Table B 2 Coefficients for Equation B 2 26 3328 44 4756 35 9044 79 3772 21 4608 62 8900 7 0867 26 4492 1 3088 5 7480 0 1051 0 5049 For the fraction of particles carrying three or more charges use Equation B 3 which is based on a derivation by Gunn from 1956 2 2z29D p kT N 0 p In Z Ut n ce ee e Equation B 3 mm 9 270 KT 2 e where e elementary charge 1 60217733E 19 coulomb dielectric constant 8 854187817E 12 farad m for air D particle diameter m d k Boltzmann s constant 1 380658E 23 joule K for air T Temperature K N number of elementary charge units Z Z ion mobility ratio 0 875 Wiedensohler Theory of Operation B 11 Particle Mobility Theory As mentioned previously only particles with a narrow range of electrical mobilities are extracted by the DMA to be measured by a particle sensor To determine the particle size associated with this range of mobilities the definition of particle electrical mobility must be examined An aerosol particle in an electric field E carrying n electric charges experiences an electrical force causing it to move through the gas in which it is suspended It very quickly reaches its terminal velocity v The resulting drag force on the particle is given by Stokes law and can be equated to the electrical force to determine the electrical mobility of a particle The electrical mobility then is
9. kZ f J Er 3 am CC v j ea M h ff wil 6 S T ad a gt al E B NS d Figure 2 12 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3085 Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 15 Dual Blower Mode For Dual Blower mode refer to Figure 2 13 and Table 2 5 as you follow the steps listed below to install the DMA tubing 1 The accessory kit contains flexible conductive tubing that allows you to quickly configure the Classifier for use Cut appropriate lengths of tubing as listed in Table 2 5 Attach the to 14 inch tubing adapter from the accessory kit to the Polydisperse Flow inlet on the Nano DMA Connect tube 1 from the Classifier port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW to the DMA port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW Connect tube 2 from the Classifier port marked SHEATH FLOW to the DMA port marked SHEATH FLOW Connect tube 3 from the Classifier port marked BYPASS FLOW to the DMA port marked EXCESS FLOW Figure 2 13 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3085 Nano DMA in Dual Blower Mode 2 16 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 6 Connect tube 4 from the Classifier port marked EXHAUST FLOW to the Classifier port marked EXCESS FLOW 7 In this setup the bypass flow is not used Add the cap to the DMA port marked BYPASS FLOW Table 2 5 Tubing Connections for Model 3085 Nano DMA in Dual Blower mode Tube Length Description Part No 1 8 in 203 mm Black fits 4 in 6 35 mm f
10. Control Indicators and Connectors 3 7 System Description The Classifier consists of several subsystems that are needed in addition to the DMA to process a polydisperse aerosol and provide a monodisperse output The main subsystems include impactor sheath air flow controller neutralizer high voltage controller and DMA All control can be performed using the front panel interface or using a computer and serial port In addition a CPC in an SMPS configuration can provide voltage control for the system Figure 3 6 shows how the systems are configured with the Classifier The subsystems are described in more detail below Sheath Air In Polydisperse Aerosol In Controller Platform High voltage Rod Excess Air Out Lo cu J i i L Monodisperse LL Aerosol Out Figure 3 6 Schematic Diagram of the Classifier 3 8 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Impactor An impactor may be mounted on the outside of the Electrostatic Classifier see Figure 2 5 The aerosol first enters an impactor which removes particles above a known particle size by inertial impaction For more information on impactor theory see Appendix B Impaction Theory and Operation Sheath Flow Controller The sheath flow controller maintains a constant flow through the sheath flow loop The loop consists of a filter pump blower filter heat exchanger and flowmeter see Figure 3 6 The flowmeter has built in temperat
11. Straightener Excess i Monodisperse Air Out Aerosol Out Figure 4 2 Schematic Diagram of Long DMA drawing not to scale Model 3085 Nano DMA The Nano DMA as shown in Figure 4 3 is optimized for the size range below 20 nm However it covers a broad range of particle diameters from 2 to 150 nm The Nano DMA is an extensive modification of the Long DMA to optimize its performance with small particles Although the Nano DMA is similar to the Long DMA it has many important differences explained below refer to Figure 4 4 For the Nano DMA the center electrode has an outer radius of 0 369 in 0 937 cm and the grounded outer electrode has an inner DMAs Using Different Models with the Classifier 4 3 44 radius of 0 75 in 1 905 cm To reduce the effects of diffusion by reducing the residence time of particles in the classification zone the characteristic length has been reduced to 1 963 in 4 987 cm The characteristic length is defined as the length between middle of inlet slit to middle of outlet slit Figure 4 3 3085 Nano Differential Mobility Analyzer The inlet to the Nano DMA is an axial inch port The aerosol flows through a short connecting tube that quickly widens in a conical section to reach a narrow annular channel The inner cone is fixed by four narrow supports at the top of the outer cylinder This design promotes axisymmetric aerosol flow and reduces distortions of the flow field To accommodate
12. and P A Baron 1993 Aerosol Measurement Principles Techniques and Applications New York Van Nostrand Reinhold 26 28 Wiedensohler A 1988 Technical Note An Approximation of the Bipolar Charge Distribution for Particles in the Submicron Range Journal of Aerosol Science 19 3 387 389 Wiedensohler A and H J Fissan 1988 Aerosol Charging in High Purity Gases Journal of Aerosol Science Vol 19 Theory of Operation B 17 APPENDIX C Using Serial Data Commands This chapter contains information you need if you are writing your own software for a computer or data acquisition system Information includes Q Pin connectors Baud rate Parity Command definitions and syntax D DO O D Examples as well as input and troubleshooting directions are also provided Making Connection Connect the serial port of an IBM compatible computer to the SERIAL PORT connector on the back of the Classifier Figure 2 2 Use the 3 meter cable provided If you need a longer cable use a standard IBM 9 pin serial extension cable The computer should be configured for communications settings of 9600 Baud 7 bits Even Parity and 1 stop bit 7 E 1 Pin Connectors The Classifier has a single 9 pin D subminiature connector port on the back panel labeled SERIAL PORT See Figure C 1 and Figure C 2 This communication port is configured at the factory to work with RS 232 type devices Table C 1 provides t
13. 3 2 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Back Panel Indicators There are three status LEDs on the Classifier Power Sheath Flow and High Voltage Q The green Power LED indicates that power is supplied to the instrument Q The Sheath Flow LED indicates that the sheath flow is within 0 05 L min of its set point Q The High Voltage LED indicates that the High Voltage module is operating correctly If the LED is blinking this indicates that the high voltage module has been installed incorrectly Neutralizer Chamber The Neutralizer Chamber allows a TSI Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer to be installed in the cabinet to meet safety requirements for radiation exposure The neutralizer provides an equilibrium charge on aerosols that enter the DMA As shown in Figure 3 3 the back panel has a variety of power and data connections as well as a cooling fan AC Power Connector The AC Power Connector accepts the line cord supplied to provide AC power to the instrument See Power Connection in Chapter 2 for more information DC Power Input The DC power connector is a quarter turn quick connect entry point that allows the Classifier to be powered by a 22 26 VDC 24 VDC nominal 7A max power source This power could be supplied by aircraft power or two 12 VDC automotive batteries in series Refer to Figure 3 4 for pin designations for this 24 VDC power input port Contact TSI for the adapter cable TSI part number 103
14. Aerosol Out Figure B 5 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in Dual Blower Mode Charging Theory The particle charge distribution used in the data reduction for the SMPS is based on a theoretical model developed by Wiedensohler 1986 and is an approximation of the Fuchs 1963 diffusion theory for particle sizes in the submicrometer range Figure B 6 shows the measured data of Wiedensohler 1986 and theoretical curves based on the theory of Fuchs 1963 and calculated by Wiedensohler 1988 The theoretically determined charge distribution agrees well with experimental data It can be seen from the figure that the fraction of positively charged particles is different from the fraction of negatively charged particles Table B 1 lists the fractions of particles in air that carry 6 5 4 3 2 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 charge units This table was calculated based on Wiedensohler 1988 and Kim et al 2005 B 8 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers positive negative Figure B 6 Bipolar Particle Charge Distribution in Air Wiedensohler and Fissan 1988 continued on next page Theory of Operation B 9 Midpoint Mobilities Midpoint Particle Diameters and Fraction of Total Particle Concentration that Carries 6 to 6 Elementary Charges as a Function of Mobility Table B 1 v900 0 0S00 0 9 00 0 6000 91000 6000 0 0000 c000 0 L000 0 OOOOoOoococcococococoocoocococo
15. CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and Setting Up the System 2 1 Packing List esie e e eeu rede ees 2 1 Unpacking Instruci ns erna a E 2 1 Moving the Instrument eese eee 2 2 Mounting the Instrument esee ee 2 2 Ventilation Requirements eeseeeeeeeee e 2 3 POWer COonrfnectiOLn x eaa a ATE EE EN ERI REPE Nen e ve cane se 2 3 Analog Input eet treten eee nre n eed vede 2 4 Connecting a Computer sese 2 4 Installing the Kr 85 Bipolar Charger eee 2 4 Installing an Impactor ee i ins rriena Laenu ree SEA EE HH 2 6 Installing Model 3081 Long DMA seeeeeH 2 9 Long DMA Mounting eerte perenne enne 2 9 Side Support Bracket ssessessessseseee 2 10 T bingen TEC ERR MAKE cae 2 11 Installing Model 3085 Nano DMA cece cence teen eeeeee 2 12 Nano DMA Mounting sese HH 2 13 AMADIS iir eia p ta des etuer e cap ven tees Ei tel tomen Re Tae 2 14 High Voltage Connection eee 2 17 CHAPTER 3 Controls Indicators and Connectors 3 1 Front Panel eii RRGEUEDOUS EIER cusses AS aN 3 1 Aerosol Inlet pt DT yey ects Gus RUBIO RE 3 2 Indicators eet ee eet iot i tbe o eee ep ea 3 3 Neutralizer Chamber eese terere tee sente eh elis cues 3 3 Back Panele eroen a a a e a a TEO eeu tae dnx a 3 3 AC Power COnnDeelor A a eevee tnd denen UR 3 3 DE Power InputL notre AAA a aaa 3 3 Serial
16. Electrostatic Classifier The purpose of the Electrostatic Classifier is to extract a known size fraction of submicrometer particles from the incoming polydisperse aerosol In the Electrostatic Classifier the aerosol enters a Kr 85 Bipolar Charger or neutralizer which exposes the aerosol particles to high concentrations of bipolar ions The particles and ions undergo frequent collisions due to the random thermal motion of the ions The particles quickly reach a state of charge equilibrium in which the particles carry a known bipolar charge distribution B 4 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers The charged aerosol passes from the neutralizer into the main portion of the Differential Mobility Analyzer DMA shown in Figure B 3 and Figure B 4 The DMA contains two concentric metal cylinders The polydisperse aerosol q and sheath air qsn are introduced at the top of the Classifier and flow down the annular space between the cylinders The aerosol surrounds the inner core of sheath air and both flows pass down the annulus with no mixing of the two laminar streams The inner cylinder the collector rod is maintained at a controlled negative voltage while the outer cylinder is electrically grounded This creates an electric field between the two cylinders The electric field causes positively charged particles to be attracted through the sheath air to the negatively charged collector rod Particles are precipitated along the length
17. L000 0 0 oo0oo0o000 00000 0000000000000000000 9 S0 3694 1 S0 308 S0 3v 9 S0 3Lv6 S0 381 Z GO AZLL Z S0 39 S0 39 0 7 S0 dvL6 v S0 3L20 9 S0 392v 4 S0 3 2c 6 v0 ArSl l VOo avSv VO 3 v89 V0 308 2 VO 3vL0 v0 3899 V0 30 0 8 V0 36 8 9 V0 3ces 8 0 39LV L 0 389F 0 3 26 0 36 8 7 0 3L8 0 36 v v 0 3c98 G 0 3 9 4 20 30 0 0 3 9 0 3818 c0o 3civ c c0 3207 c0 3S897 v c0 39 9 G c0 3 S9 7 L0 3S00 4 L0 36 4 L0 3 8Zl L0 3S4 2 LO Av9L LO A9LZ v S A I9 jurodpiuy AWIGOW 2S 0 6 v9 S08 8 469 0 v09 0 ecs 9y ect cv coc c8 6ce 4C v6c 8 vsc 49 02c OL 6L 8y S9L oeer 60 v7 99201 90 6 89 08 82 69 v 09 t eG ce Sv vc 6t 986 tv 6c 9ev sc 20 22 LGL GGOL cove AEAN GLOL LEG 90 8 96 9 v0 9 7s cov c6 ore voc coz bo wu JUuIOdpIIN JoyaWeIG 9 on4ed Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers B 10 The formulas used to calculate Table B 1 are shown below They are taken from Wiedensohler 1988 The mean free path is taken from Kim et al 2005 To calculate the fraction of particles carrying zero one or two charges use Equation B 2 which is an approximation of the Fuchs model Equation B 2 is valid for size ranges 1 nm lt D lt 1000 nm for N 1 0 1 20 nm lt D lt 1000 nm for N 2 2 5 D i a N log
18. Pui 1974 Equilibrium Bipolar Charge Distribution Journal of Colloid Interface Science 49 305 Plomp A et al 1982 Proceedings of the 10th Annual Gesellschaft f r Aerosolforschung Conference Bologna Italy Pui D Y H and B Y H Liu 1979 Technical paper Aerosol Generation and Calibration of Instruments Mechanical Engr Dept Univ of MN May June Pourprix M and J Daval 1990 Electrostatic Precipitation of Aerosols on Wafers A New Mobility Spectrometer Proceedings of the 3 International Conference 2 797 800 Rader D J 1990 Momentum Slip Correction Factor for Small Particles in Nine Common Gases Journal of Aerosol Science 21 161 168 Rohmann H 1923 Z Phys 18 188 Sem G J P B Keady and F R Quant 1983 High Resolution Size Distribution Measurements of 0 01 15 pm Aerosol Particles TSI Incorporated Proceedings Sixth World Congress on Air Quality Paris France Vol 1 pp 283 290 16 20 May Stoltzenburg M R 1988 An Ultrafine Aerosol Size Distribution Measuring System Ph D Thesis University of Minnesota USA Wang S C and R C Flagan 1990 Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer Aerosol Science and Technology 13 230 240 Wiedensohler A E L tkemeier M Feldpausch and C Helsper 1986 Investigation of the Bipolar Charge Distribution at Various Gas Conditions Journal of Aerosol Science 17 413 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Willeke K
19. Sheath air in 1 Figure 4 4 Schematic Diagram of the Model 3085 Nano DMA DMAs Using Different Models with the Classifier 4 5 CHAPTER 5 Operating the Classifier This chapter describes how to operate the Classifier using the control knob and LCD display Display and Menus The Classifier is controlled primarily through the multifunction control knob and the display on the front of the instrument Refer to Table 5 1 to experiment with the control knob Table 5 1 Control Knob Functions To move the cursor Turn the control knob until the item you wish around to change has been highlighted Press the control knob into the panel to select that item Turn the knob again to modify the item and then press the knob again to store the setting To choose menu items Select the menu item in the bottom center of the screen using the method described above Items with a gt symbol on the right indicate further options Pushing the control knob will allow you to change those items by rotating the knob Push again to store the setting Scroll to the very bottom or top and choose Exit to leave the menu Knob Adjustment Fine adjustment of the control knob that is moving from one selection to the next is best accomplished using the outer edge of the knob Faster movement that is setting a voltage is best accomplished using your index finger and the dimple in the knob Rotating the knob after the instrument has first
20. in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 Black fits in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 Figure 2 9 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3081 Long DMA Installing Model 3085 Nano DMA If your order included a Nano DMA it will be shipped separately 2 12 from the Classifier and must be assembled to the Classifier before use The following section describes how to mount the Nano DMA install plumbing and connect the high voltage line Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Nano DMA Mounting The Classifier uses a quick connect bracket to mount any of the two TSI DMAs This mount provides physical support for the DMA as well as electrical grounding for safety If for any reason you operate the Classifier with a DMA that is not installed in the mounting bracket you must connect the base of the DMA to the chassis of the Classifier with a ground strap or provide independent earth grounding to the DMA for safety The mounting bracket has a spring loaded locking mechanism that holds the base of the DMA securely To install the DMA use the following steps 1 Place the base of the DMA down into the middle of the mounting plate on the Classifier as shown in Figure 2 10 2 Slide the base toward the cabinet of the Classifier until you hear a click If you have trouble getting the plates to slide try wiggling the DMA plate from side to side slightly as you push or try a little grease on intersecting parts of the plates
21. including without limitation special incidental consequential or indirect damages for personal injury loss of business profits business interruption loss of information or any other pecuniary loss arising out of the use of or inability to use this SOFTWARE Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer and SMPS are trademarks of TSI Incorporated Aerosol Instrument Manager is a registered trademark of TSI Incorporated Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Contents Manitial Histoty 5 eee secsgucuecascesendeedccvedtsacecdestecces vi Warranty T vii Software License effective March 1999 eese viii Lll cT xv GAB EIS ssh E P XV Lifting CAUti Onis beh i Ce HA GERE E ieee xvii Description of Caution Symbols eee xvii CATON E xvii WATT Ooi EE xviii Caution or Warning Symbols sese xviii About This Manual ccccccccecscscscscecscecccescccscscscecssececes xix PurpOSe xen etie e RR ERR AER RR RE versed xix Related Product Literature c cece iaeo a T xix Getinge Helpt 28 she sau dcos oath ven tue cease eite die eau evo tees ous deat nodes XX Submitting Comments eae eere e inasi eene XX CHAPTER 1 Product Overview eese 1 1 Product Description x coro tree en RERO eae 1 1 Applications ici ERR WE EE d e M 1 3 How the Classifier Operates esee ees 1 3 oystem Elstory cusses sists ee eee Ee ira Rhea ded aden aha 1 4
22. raw bypass pressure in 100 mmH O z calibrated bypass flow rate in 100 L min Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers w 2 impactor 1 flow calibration x row of calibration table 1 lt x lt 50 y raw impactor 1 pressure in 100 mmH O z calibrated impactor 1 flow rate in 100 L min w 3 impactor 2 flow calibration x row of calibration table 1 x lt 50 y raw impactor 2 pressure in 100 mmH O z calibrated impactor 2 flow rate in 100 L min w 4 impactor 3 flow calibration x row of calibration table 1 x lt 50 y raw impactor 3 pressure in 100 mmH O z calibrated impactor 3 flow rate in 100 L min SCTw Return w 0 Sheath Flow Calibration w 1 Bypass Flow Calibration w 2 Impactor 1 Flow Calibration w 3 Impactor 2 Flow Calibration w 4 Impactor 3 Flow Calibration Set Flow Calibration Table Correct Stepwise Linear Flow Calibration Algorithm SCTCw Set Calibration Table Correct SCTCw Set w 0 Sheath flow calibration table is correct w 1 Bypass flow calibration table is correct w 2 Impactor 1 flow calibration table is correct w 3 Impactor 2 flow calibration table is correct w 4 Impactor 3 flow calibration table is correct Set or Read Impactor Serial Number SISx y Set Impactor Serial Numbers SISx y Set serial number y of impactor x X 1 0 0710 cm impactor nozzle X 2 0 0508 cm impactor nozzle X 2 3 0 0457 cm imp
23. 232 Serial 962002 1 Serial Cable Adapter 25F to 9M 962003 1 3080 Manual 1933792 10 ft 3 0 m Tubing Silicone Conductive fits 4 in barb fitting in OD x 0 19 in ID 3001903 10 ft 3 0 m Tubing Silicone Conductive fits amp in barb fitting 4 in OD x 0 31 in ID 3001904 10 ft 3 0 m Tubing Tygon Clear 4 in OD x in ID 3001220 Unpacking Instructions The Model 3080 is not shipped fully assembled A Model 3077A or the optional Model 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer must be installed for the Classifier to operate properly Use the instructions given later in this chapter to install the Neutralizer If you ordered the Model 3080 with a DMA the DMA must be installed and properly plumbed See the sections later in this chapter for instructions Moving the Instrument Use the handles built into the left and right undersides of the base or the black handles attached to the back panel while moving the instrument The Model 3080 Classifier is a heavy instrument The Classifier alone weighs 17 6 kg 38 9 Ibs and with a DMA attached can weigh as much as 23 2 kg 51 2 Ibs The weight can be unbalanced especially with a DMA attached Protect your back when lifting Q Get help from another person to move the instrument Transport the instrument on a cart whenever possible Carry the DMA and Classifier separately Lift with your legs while keeping your back straight Keep the instrument close to your body as you lift Improved Poor
24. 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 vii Software License effective March 1999 Trademarks viii 1 GRANT OF LICENSE TSI grants to you the right to use one copy of the enclosed TSI software program the SOFTWARE on a single computer You may not network the SOFTWARE or otherwise use it on more than one computer or computer terminal at the same time 2 COPYRIGHT The SOFTWARE is owned by TSI and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions Therefore you must treat the SOFTWARE like any other copyrighted material e g a book or musical recording except that you may either a make one copy of the SOFTWARE solely for backup or archival purposes or b transfer the SOFTWARE to a single hard disk provided you keep the original solely for backup or archival purposes 3 OTHER RESTRICTIONS You may not rent or lease the SOFTWARE but you may transfer the SOFTWARE and accompanying written material on a permanent basis provided you retain no copies and the recipient agrees to the terms of this Agreement You may not reverse engineer decompile or disassemble the SOFTWARE 4 DUAL MEDIA SOFTWARE If the SOFTWARE package contains multiple types of media then you may use only the media appropriate for your single user computer You may not use the other media on another computer or loan rent lease or transfer them to another user except as part of the permanent transfer as provided above of all
25. 3081 Long Differential Mobility Analyzer Particle free filtered air enters the Sheath Flow inlet of the DMA and passes to an annular chamber at the top of the DMA The flow then goes through a double screen of fine nylon Dacron mesh to straighten the flow The air flows downward axially through the classifier region The Polydisperse Flow enters the DMA though an inlet pipe from the top and flows in an axial direction between two narrow concentric cylinders to evenly distribute the concentric flow and concentration distribution This thin annular flow is introduced into the classifier region and smoothly merged with the laminar sheath air flow Particles with negative charge stick to the outer electrode whereas noncharged neutral particles are removed unaffected with the Excess Flow Positively charged particles are carried axially downward with the sheath airflow while also being attracted radially toward the center electrode due to the electric field Particles with a narrow range of electrical mobility reach a circumferential slit with twelve holes in the center electrode and exit the DMA through the lower insulator as the Monodisperse Flow If the optional positive polarity High Voltage controller is used negatively charged particles with the narrow range of electrical mobility exit the DMA through the circumferential slit Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Sheath Air In Polydisperse Aerosol In m Flow
26. 889920 8198 0 ScvL80 8 6 8 0 986198 0 c0c88 0 8S668 0 87160 18 660 6 6 0 cv8vo 0 v 9S6 0 26296 0 S896 0 L 26 0 L6926 0 20086 0 89 86 0 0 olti O SZV 0 09940 L991L 0 4414VO0 v06L 0 6 02 0 84120 9LEZ O 8vvc O 89S2 0 L29 0 LS2 0 v08c 0 Sc8c 0 cL8c0 99 20 98920 9 S2 0 Ovvc O c8cc 0 60120 92610 6 4 V0 vSSl O S V 0 SOcV O 2ZvOVO 060 0 vLL0 0 6S90 0 6SS0 0 c1v0 O 86 0 0 S 0 0 c8c0 0 c0 0 00c0 0 6910 0 tyto O zLO 0 S0L0 0 L600 0 L 6810 Sv VO 86E1 0 Svv VO L87l0 090 SOSLO 98v V0 vv VO 9 V 0 S8cV 0 vLLLO Zv01 0 6060 0 19 00 82900 Z6v0 0 6Z 0 0 82c0 0 S6L0 0 L L0 0 v800 0 LS00 0 66000 S1L00 0 8000 0 v000 0 oo0oo0oo0oo0o0000000000O ZLLLO ELLLO 601 0 99040 LOOL O 66600 cv80 0 cvl0 0 v 90 0 ccS0 0 LLvO O 60 0 0 0cc0 0 9710 0 L600 0 LS00 0 9200 0 c100 0 0 oo0oo0o0000 0000000000000000 OQO L 80 0 84 00 0700 c90 0 veso o Ovv0 0 8v 0 0 c9c0 0 18100 ScV0 0 41000 vv00 0 cz00 0 0100 0 v000 0 L000 0 o oo0oo0o000 000 0000000000000000 O LvS0 0 69v0 0 98 0 0 S0 0 0 66c0 0 c910 0 8010 0 9900 0 Z 00 0 6100 0 6000 0 000 0 L000 0 o oo0oo0o000 00000 0000000000000000 0O sebieyy jo 9 0 9 jequinN SIMUL saue yey UOHeIJUBDUOD Ld e O Jo UONDLIJ 61 00 9vc0 O 0810 0 210 0 6200 0 9v00 0 Sc00 0 cL00 0 0000 c000 0
27. Panel Side Panel and Internal Components The main components of the front panel are the LCD display the control knob the three status LEDs the aerosol inlet and neutralizer chamber as shown in Figure 3 1 Neutralizer Chamber Figure 3 1 Front of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier The LCD display is used in conjunction with the control knob to adjust the various flows high voltage particle size settings and many menu items The 320 x 240 pixel LCD display provides continuous real time display of settings DMA Voltage 2463 0 V 100 0 nm Sheath Flow Sample Flow 15 0 Ipm 1 5 Ipm Panel Ctrl DMA 3081 Figure 3 2 Classifier LCD Display There are several operations you can perform using the control knob with the display Refer to Chapter 5 Operating the Classifier for a description of how to make selections and change values on the menu Aerosol Inlet The aerosol inlet on the front of the Classifier is designed for use with the impactor Tubing can be attached to the inlet to sample directly when necessary The inlet is 0 25 inch 6 35 mm in diameter for use with 44 inch Swagelok type connectors or with flexible tubing with a slightly smaller inner diameter Note Conductive tubing is recommended for use with the Classifier to minimize particle loss due to electrostatic charge Suitable tubing is available from TSI 9Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Companies Solon Ohio
28. Remove any sharp edges using a fine file or fine grit sandpaper suitable for stainless steel 3 Puta light coating of grease on the outer diameter of the 4 in tubes on the neutralizer Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 5 4 Insert the neutralizer with the long tube up and the screws in the side of the neutralizer aligned with the slots in the neutralizer mounting block as shown in Figure 2 2 Replace the outlet block in the Classifier and push down If the block does not fit over the neutralizer tubes easily do not force it you will damage the O rings and cause a leak try steps 2 and 3 again Replace the screws in the outlet block The outlet block should be flush with the cabinet top and the pop up flag indicating that the neutralizer is installed should be visible as shown in Figure 2 3 i Fi M gure 2 3 odel 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer Installed showing pop up flag indicator Installing an Impactor D epending on the Classifier package you ordered an impactor will be shipped as an accessory The primary function of the impactor is to remove larger particles that carry more than a single charge However the impactor is also used as a flowmeter since the pressure drop across the impactor is proportional to the square of the flow rate The impactor assembly is attached to the aerosol inlet of the Classifier using a Swagelok fitting Make sure the downstream
29. SOFTWARE and written material 5 U S GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS The SOFTWARE and documentation are provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS Use duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software Clause at 252 227 7013 and the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at 52 227 19 6 LIMITED WARRANTY TSI warrants that the SOFTWARE will perform substantially in accordance with the accompanying written materials for a period of ninety 90 days from the date of receipt 7 CUSTOMER REMEDIES TSI s entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be at TSI s option either a return of the price paid or b repair or replacement of the SOFTWARE that does not meet this Limited Warranty and which is returned to TSI with proof of payment This Limited Warranty is void if failure of the SOFTWARE has resulted from accident abuse or misapplication Any replacement SOFTWARE will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty period or thirty 30 days whichever is longer 8 NO OTHER WARRANTIES TSI disclaims all other warranties either express or implied including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose with regard to the SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials 9 NO LIABILTY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES In no event shall TSI be liable for any damages whatsoever
30. Setup Calibration Communications About Gas Properties Mean Free Path Ret Temperature K 29319E2 Ret Pressure KPa 1 0130E2 Ref Sutherland Const K 1 1040E2 Ref Mean Free Path um 6 6500E 2 Viscosity Ret Temperature K 29315E2 Ref Sutherland Const K 1 1040E2 Ret Viscosity ka ms 1 8203E 5 Figure D 5 Setup Tab Sheath Air Calibration The flows described below are calibrated at TSI and normally do not need to be recalibrated These instructions are intended for the advanced user that may wish to perform a field calibration It is best to calibrate the flows in the order described in this section A primary standard flowmeter such as an electronic bubble flowmeter is required The Classifier is calibrated at TSI using a Gilman Gilibrator Electronic Bubble Flowmeter Contact your TSI representative to order a calibration flowmeter Equipment needed Q Volumetric Flowmeter Standard a to adapter Q Computer with EC software loaded and connected to Serial port of Classifier 1 Select MENU from the main screen on the front panel display of the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier Classifier Calibration D 5 D 6 10 11 12 Select Flow Calibration Select Sheath Flow Set Raw Sheath Flow to OFF 0 00 LPM using the dial knob on the front panel of the Classifier and wait 60 seconds until flow has completely stopped Make sure that Exhaust Flow and Excess Flow port fittings are co
31. THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE USER OR BUYER AND THE LIMIT OF SELLER S LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL LOSSES INJURIES OR DAMAGES CONCERNING THE GOODS INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED ON CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE TORT STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE SHALL BE THE RETURN OF GOODS TO SELLER AND THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OR AT THE OPTION OF SELLER THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE GOODS IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES SELLER SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR INSTALLATION DISMANTLING OR REINSTALLATION COSTS OR CHARGES No Action regardless of form may be brought against Seller more than 12 months after a cause of action has accrued The goods returned under warranty to Seller s factory shall be at Buyer s risk of loss and will be returned if at all at Seller s risk of loss Buyer and all users are deemed to have accepted this LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY which contains the complete and exclusive limited warranty of Seller This LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY may not be amended modified or its terms waived except by writing signed by an Officer of Seller Knowing that inoperative or defective instruments are as detrimental to TSI as they are to our customers our service policy is designed to give prompt attention to any problems If any malfunction is discovered please contact your nearest sales office or representative or call TSI Customer Service at 1 800 874
32. a measure of the particle s ability to move in an electric field The electrical mobility Z is defined by Equation B 4 neC P SMUD p Equation B 4 where n number of elementary charges on the particle e elementary charge 1 6 x 1071 Coulomb C Cunningham slip correction 14 Kn o B exp y Kn a 1 142 B 0 558 y 0 999 Allen amp Raabe 1985 Kn Knudsen Number 2A Dp A gas mean free path 4 ERE eee P AT 14 S T S Sutherland constant K T temperature K T reference temperature K 2 T S T 2 gas viscosity dyne s cm2 poise H gas viscosity dyne s cm poi s BZ D particle diameter cm Note that in Equation B 4 the gas mean free path and gas viscosity parameters are based on values for S and T It is important to use consistent values that is you may use different values for S and T to calculate p than to calculate as long as the values are consistent for each equation Values for common gases can be found in Radar 1990 An explanation of the gas equations can be found in Willeke amp Baron 1993 B 12 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers The range of particle diameters removed from the Electrostatic Classifier not only depends on particle electrical mobility Knutson 1975 determined the relationship between the particle electrical mobility and the Classifier parameters The relationship is given in equation B 5 Zz Ish jy 2 Equati
33. corresponding nozzle size on the front panel of the Classifier Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 7 To install the impactor assembly use the following steps 1 Refer to Figure 2 4 and Figure 2 5 The impactor can be oriented in any direction that is convenient Simply rotate the pressure tap fittings as needed R 3 f f j ms SS f gt S X w J l NY EE F D 9 e TAS zx ii ii Si i Jl n 4 Y A Figure 2 5 Impactor Inlet Installed on Classifier 2 Loosen the nut on the low pressure fitting side of the Impactor assembly and push the Swagelok fitting onto the aerosol inlet of the Classifier Tighten the nut with a wrench 3 Using clear Tygon tubing provided in the accessory kit part number 3001220 cut a 12 inch 30 cm length and connect the high pressure tap from the impactor assembly to the impactor high fitting on the side of the Classifier With the same tubing cut an 8 inch 20 cm length and connect the low pressure tap from the impactor assembly to the impactor low fitting on the side of the Classifier Tygon is a registered trademark of Norton Performance Plastics Corp Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 2 8 5 The inlet for the impactor is the fitting that attaches to the end of the impactor cylinder body The exit fitting attaches to the side wall of the cylinder body 6 Turn on the Classifier and rotate the control knob to highlight the Menu pane on the di
34. flow for all DMAs This fitting is left open in Single Blower mode or it is connected to the Excess Flow fitting on the Classifier in Dual Blower mode The connection can be made with flexible conductive tubing or with Swagelok type connections and rigid tubing Bypass Flow Fittings The Bypass Flow fittings are in straight fittings that allow connections for bypass flow if available with your DMA Typically the Model 3085 Nano DMA uses the bypass flow to bring aerosol to the inlet slit faster to minimize ultrafine particle losses due to diffusion The Exhaust Flow port on the Classifier is usually left open to exhaust the filtered bypass flow The Bypass Flow fitting on the Classifier can be connected to the Bypass Flow fitting on the Nano DMA with flexible conductive tubing or with Swagelok type connections and rigid tubing This bypass flow is up to 15 L min This bypass flow normally is set between 10 and 15 L min The BYPASS FLOW port on the Nano DMA is capped when bypass flow is not used A second use of the bypass flow is to provide added flow for the Model 3081 long DMA to reach flows up to 15 L min or for Model 3085 Nano DMA to reach flows up to 20 L min The bypass can be connected in series with the sheath flow to increase the sheath flow rate Excess Flow Fitting The Excess Flow fitting is a in straight fitting that allows connections for the excess air exiting all DMAs This fitting is either connected to the Excess Flow
35. in mm characteristic length for DMA x in mm inner diameter of DMA x in mm outer diameter of DMA x in mm characteristic length of DMA x in mm style of DMA x OZDMA data not available l cylindrical DMA Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers APPENDIX D Classifier Calibration This appendix contains sections on calibrating the Model 3080 Classifier There are three main aspects of the instrument that can be calibrated by the user sheath flowmeter bypass flowmeter and impactor inlets To assist in the calibration there are settings on the main menu from the front panel and custom software that interfaces to the Classifier through the serial port on the back panel In addition this chapter covers some features of the Classifier that should only be done by a qualified technician Calibration Software Setup The calibration software is designed for Windows 2000 or Windows XP operating system To install the software follow the steps below 1 With the computer on and Windows running insert the 3080 Calibration Software CD into your CD drive to run the autorun exe from the CD 2 If AutoPlay is enabled on your PC the setup program will begin automatically and the introduction screen is displayed on the Windows desktop 3 If AutoPlay is not enabled select Run from the Start menu and type D NSETUP where D is the letter corresponding to your CD drive in the Open box and press OK 4 Follow the instructio
36. multiply the hours of operation by 2 3 times Table 6 1 Maintenance Schedule Maintenance Task Cleaning the impactor Clean the collector rod and outer tube of the DMA Clean the Dacron screen of the DMA Clean the bipolar charger Replace the filter cartridges 8000 Make sure you turn off the instrument and unplug the power source High voltage is accessible in several locations within these instruments before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures 6 1 Cleaning the Impactor The impactor s function is to remove particles above a certain cut size Over time particle loading on the impaction plate influences the pressure drop across the nozzle and therefore particle measurements due to particle re entrainment Follow the steps below for cleaning of impactor inlet 1 Remove tubing connected to the pressure tap connectors from the impactor and then refer to Figure 6 1 2 Remove the impactor screw by hand by gripping the knurled surface and unscrewing 3 Clean the impaction surface with a soft cloth soaked with alcohol Impactor impaction Screw Surface Clean AAT SS NS Once O ring 3 Here impactor Maw eS Bod Impactor Nozzle Cross Section Gasket O Washer Nozzle Figure 6 1 Cleaning the Impactor 4 Apply a very small amount of vacuum grease to the impaction surface Apply grease sparingly since this will alter the pressure drop across the nozzle 5 Examine the nozzle orifice
37. problem continues contact TSI Definitions of Read Commands Read Pressure RP Read Pressure Returns the following pressures Return Absolute pressure mBar pressure drop across the impactor nozzle cmH 0 pressure drop across the bypass orifice mmH 0 Read Flow Rates RQ Read Flow Rate Returns the following flow rates Return Impactor flow rate in L min Sheath flow rate in L min Bypass flow rate in L min Using Serial Data Commands C 6 Read Temperature RT Read Temperature Returns the following temperatures Return Sheath flow temperature in C Cabinet temperature in C Read User Settings RUS Read User Setting Returns values selected on front panel Return Selected DMA voltage in Volt Selected particle diameter in nm Selected flow mode D or S D Dual S Single Selected electrical mobility in cm Vs Selected sheath flow rate in L min Selected bypass flow rate in L min Voltage control mode P or A P Panel A Analog Read Measured Values RMV Read Measured Value Returns measured values Return Selected Particle Diameter in nm Measured DMA voltage in Volt Measured sheath flow rate in L min Measured bypass flow rate in L min Measured absolute pressure in mBar Measured sheath flow temperature in C Measured cabinet temperature in C Measured impactor flow rate in L min Selected electrical mobility in cm Vs Volt
38. the axial aerosol inlet the sheath air flow is routed through the center electrode from the bottom before it is turned 180 degrees and passed through the same style Dacron screen flow straightener P N 1030389 as the Long DMA The Nano DMA has an extra concentric cylinder below the inlet slit that allows an increased polydisperse aerosol flow up to the inlet slit This increased flow reduces the particle transport time and therefore reduces diffusion losses up to the inlet slit The extra inlet flow exits the DMA as bypass flow In addition to match the velocity of sheath air and aerosol flow and to reduce electric field penetration into the slit the slit gap has been reduced to 0 26 in 0 66 mm The extra flow passes through a perforated ring to provide enough pressure drop to assure a uniform and undisturbed aerosol flow at the inlet slit Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers To improve the flow field at the sample slit in the center electrode the exit design for the Nano DMA is four thin supports instead of twelve holes for the Long DMA The lower section of the center electrode also contains concentric cylinders The inner cylinder allows the sheath air to pass up to the top of the DMA while the outer cylinder carries the monodisperse sample flow from the exit slit to the exit port Polydisperse aerosol in Filter High voltage rod Bypass u aerosol out Excess air out lt l LE
39. under a microscope or powerful magnifying glass If the nozzle needs to be cleaned squirt alcohol through the nozzle hole until clean Repeat this for all nozzles 6 Reassemble the impactor making sure that the gasket washer is properly in place between the impactor nozzle and body 6 2 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Cleaning the Long DMA Electrodes High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source to the Classifier and unplug the high voltage cable from the Classifier to the DMA before disassembling the DMA or performing maintenance procedures To clean the inner rod and inside of the outer tube follow these steps and refer to Figure 6 2 1 Switch the Classifier off and unplug the power cord 2 Disconnect the high voltage connector marked HIGH VOLTAGE OUT FOR DMA ONLY on the side of the Classifier Center Rod Outer AC Electrode Figure 6 2 Unscrew Middle Flange to Split Long DMA for Cleaning 3 Disconnect the polydisperse flow tube at the top of the differential mobility analyzer DMA assembly 4 Disconnect the sheath air inlet tube at the top of the DMA assembly 5 Loosen the four screws see Figure 6 2 on the top of the flange about 10 centimeters below the top of the DMA assembly leaving them one turn from complete removal Maintenance and Service 6 3 6 4 6 Carefully pull up on the assembly above the flange
40. 1 490 2811 or e mail technical service tsi com O If the Classifier does not operate properly or if you are returning the instrument for service visit our website at http rma tsi com or contact TSI Customer Service at 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 Returning the Classifier for Service Visit our website at http rma tsi com or call TSI at 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 for specific return instructions Customer Service will need this information when you call Q The instrument model number The instrument serial number A purchase order number unless under warranty A billing address D DO O DO A shipping address The Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer must be removed from the Classifier prior to shipping See the section titled Cleaning Kr 85 Bipolar Charger Neutralizer in this chapter for instructions on how to remove the neutralizer The neutralizer must be shipped in the original shipping container If you no longer have the original shipping container contact TSI before shipping so we can send you a suitable carton Use the original packing material to return the instrument to TSI For the Classifier or DMAs if you no longer have the original packing material before packing the instrument seal off any ports to prevent debris from entering the instrument and ensure that the indicator lights and the connectors on the instrument front and back panels are protected Maintenance an
41. 26 USA particle tsi com Seller warrants the goods sold hereunder under normal use and service as described in the operator s manual shall be free from defects in workmanship and material for 12 months or the length of time specified in the operator s manual from the date of shipment to the customer This warranty period is inclusive of any statutory warranty This limited warranty is subject to the following exclusions a Hot wire or hot film sensors used with research anemometers and certain other components when indicated in specifications are warranted for 90 days from the date of shipment b Parts repaired or replaced as a result of repair services are warranted to be free from defects in workmanship and material under normal use for 90 days from the date of shipment c Seller does not provide any warranty on finished goods manufactured by others or on any fuses batteries or other consumable materials Only the original manufacturer s warranty applies d Unless specifically authorized in a separate writing by Seller Seller makes no warranty with respect to and shall have no liability in connection with goods which are incorporated into other products or equipment or which are modified by any person other than Seller The foregoing is IN LIEU OF all other warranties and is subject to the LIMITATIONS stated herein NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE TO
42. 5551 and instructions on using this power method Control Indicators and Connectors 3 3 Polydisperse Flow Fitting Exhaust Flow Fitting Bypass Flow Fitting Excess Flow Fitting Sheath Flow Fitting AC Power In Impactor High wi switch Fitting DC Power In impactor Low rs DC Power Out Serial Port High Voltage An I Output for DMA sx input Figure 3 3 Back Panel and Side Panel of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier DC POWER IN 24VDC 7A MAX Pin Number Signal 1 GND Chassis Green 2 24V Blue 3 GND Brown Shield 4 Not Used Figure 3 4 24V DC Power Input Pin Designations Serial Port The Serial Port is a standard RS 232 serial connection that allows communications between the system computer and the Classifier Serial commands are sent to and from the computer to collect instrument status and provide control information 3 4 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Side Panel If the Classifier is part of an SMPS system when connecting the serial cable make sure you connect the cable from the computer to the CPC It should not be connected to the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier The SMPS system requires the synchronization between DMA voltage and particle counts that the CPC provides If you are developing specialized software for the Classifier or performing troubleshooting refer to Appendix C This appendix provides a complete description of the serial data c
43. 6 4 nm SPD Return particle diameter in nm Set Voltage Mode SVMx Set Voltage Mode Set bypass flow rate SVMP Set panel control SVMA Set analog control SVM Return PorA Set High Voltage SHVx Set High Voltage Set DMA high voltage SHV80 6 Set dma voltage 80 6 Volt SHV Return dma voltage in Volt Using Serial Data Commands C 7 Set Flow Mode SFMx Set Flow Mode Set sheath blower mode SFMS Set Single Blower SFMD Set dual blower SFM Return Sor D Set Sheath Flow Rate SQSx Set Sheath Flow Rate Set sheath flow rate SQSIO 0 Set sheath flow rate 10 0 L min SQS Return sheath flow rate in L min Set Bypass Flow Rate SQBx Set Bypass Flow Rate Set bypass flow rate SQBI15 0 Set bypass flow rate 15 0 L min SQB Return bypass flow rate in L min Set Flow Calibration Algorithm SFCw Set Flow Calibration Algorithm SFCS Set Stepwise Linear Flow Calibration Algorithm SFCP Set Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SFC Return P Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm S Stepwise Linear Flow Calibration Algorithm Set Flow Calibration Table Stepwise Linear Flow Calibration Algorithm SCTW x y z Set Calibration Table SCTw x 2 Set w 0 sheath flow calibration x row of calibration table 1 lt x lt 50 y raw sheath flow rate in 100 L min z calibrated sheath flow rate in 100 L min w 1 bypass flow calibration x row of calibration table 1 x lt 50 y
44. 9 Wang and Flagan improved upon the system by using a dynamically scanned DMA voltage This system called SEMS Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer provided rapid aerosol distribution measurements Instead of requiring several intervals of ten minutes each to measure a size distribution the SEMS could provide results in less than one minute In 1993 TSI commercialized the scanning system as the SMPS In January of 1999 TSI began shipping a complete redesign of earlier Classifier models as the Model 3080 with modular DMAs The instrument includes improvements such as Q Choice of two interchangeable DMAs and flexibility to use custom DMAs Recirculating flow for precise match of sheath and excess flows Accurate microprocessor controlled volumetric flow Q Convenient front panel design with control knob and built in display Q Precision dynamic high voltage supply for fast accurate scanning Q Optional easy to install positive high voltage supply negative supply is standard Q Electronic control of flow voltage particle size and instrument functions Impaction Theory and Operation An impactor may be mounted on the outside of the Electrostatic Classifier see Figure B 1 The aerosol first enters an impactor which removes particles above a known particle size by inertial impaction The aerosol flow is accelerated through a nozzle directed at a flat plate as shown in Figure B 2 B 2 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classi
45. Aerosol Neutralizers Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Operation and Service Manual P N 1933792 Revision March 2009 q TRUST SCIENCE INNOVATION K Start Seeing the Benefits of Registering Today Thank you for your TSI instrument purchase Occasionally TS releases information on software updates product enhancements and new products By registering your instrument TSI will be able to send this important information to you http register tsi com As part of the registration process you will be asked for your comments on TSI products and services The BeliaStat program gives customers like you a way to tell us how we are doing TSI Incorporated USA www tsicom UK www tsiinc co uk Germany wvew tsiinc de France wvew tsiinc fr 3 Manufacturer of TSI Assvow Instruments and Alnor products b P N 2980174 Rev E Copyright 2008 by TS Incorporated Product Overview e Unpacking and Setting Up the System Series 3080 Controls Indicators and T Connectors Electrostatic Classifiers DMAs Using Different Models with the Operation and Service Manual Classifier Operating the Classifier Maintenance and Service Troubleshooting Appendixes vi Manual History The following is a manual history of the Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers operation and service manual Part Number 1933792 Revision Date Original Version March 1999 Final April 1999 A June 2000 B J
46. D 10 purpose of manual xvii radioactive bipolar charger 1 4 raw bypass flow D 7 raw sheath flow D 6 read command C 4 definitions C 5 read firmware version command C 6 read flags command C 7 read flow rates command C 5 read measured values command C 6 read model name command C 7 read on time command C 7 read pressure command C 5 read temperature command C 6 read user settings command C 6 references B 15 technical personnel 6 21 related literature Model 3010 Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3022A Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3025A Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter manual xviii Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer manual xvii Model 3480 Electrospray Aerosol Generator manual xvii related literature continued Model 3772 3771 Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3775 Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3776 Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3782 Water based Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3785 Water based Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3786 Ultrafine Water based Condensation Particle Counter manual xvii Model 3936 Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS Spectrometer manual xvii removal high voltage controller 6 19 Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer 6 12 resources see references S safety xiii caution symbol xv labels xiii lifting caution xv save button D 10 Scann
47. Flow Calibration 3 Select Impactor Flow Set Pressure Drop to 0 cmH O and wait 60 seconds until flow has completely stopped D 8 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 5 Make sure that Exhaust Flow and Excess Flow port fittings are connected by a tube on the outside of the Classifier Put a 7s to 1 4 inch adapter on the Bypass Flow port fitting Connect the Bypass Flow port fitting to the Polydisperse Flow port fitting with a tube 6 Install the 0 0457 impactor nozzle Connect the Flowmeter Standard to the Impactor Inlet fitting Set Pressure Drop to 5 cmH 0 and wait for the flow to stabilize Take 5 samples and average them Record the Pressure Drop dP and flowmeter Qcal readings 9 Repeat step 8 for 10 20 30 40 50 and 60 cmH 0 10 In the Electrostatic Classifier software select the Calibration tab and then select Impactor Flow tab 11 Select the size of the impactor nozzle 0457 0508 0710 cm using the Impactor Type drop down box Enter the serial number of the corresponding impactor 12 Enter the measured flows from steps 8 and 9 into the Measured Flow column and click on the Set Calibration button Electrostatic Classifier Software Status Setup Calibration Communications About impactor Type CHET x Serial Number 0 0508 om Pressure Meal rey 0 UIU cm en B None emH2O Iphey tnr 60 5 mud oc 4 o icai Bypass flow mpactor bed Set Calib
48. Model 3081 Long DMA The Long DMA as shown in Figure 4 1 is the traditional length DMA used in the TSI Model 3071 Classifier for many years The Long DMA provides the widest size range 10 1000 nm available of any of the DMAs A cross sectional view of the Long DMA is shown in Figure 4 2 The mobility analyzer consists of two cylindrical electrodes made of polished stainless steel and insulated from each other by a Teflon spacer at the top and an acetyl plastic Black Delrin spacer at the bottom The lower spacer allows enough high voltage leakage to prevent static charge build up near the exit slit This gives better particle transport for small particles than the traditional TSI Model 3071 Classifier with Long DMA which had Teflon insulators at both the top and bottom The center electrode has an outer radius of 0 369 in 0 937 cm and is coaxial with the outer electrode which has an inner radius of 0 772 in 1 961 cm The characteristic length of a DMA is defined as the length between middle of inlet slit to middle of outlet slit However as the inlet slit is formed by a sharp edge and a radius the middle of shortest distance between the edge and the radius projected to vertical line is used as the mid point of the inlet slit The characteristic length for the long DMA is 17 468 in 44 369 cm Teflon Delrin and Dacron are registered trademarks of E I du Pont de Nemours and Company 4 2 Figure 4 1 Model
49. Neturalizer installation 2 5 Kr 85 Bipolar Charger Neutralizer see also Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer cleaning 6 11 installation 2 4 neutralizer chamber 3 3 L LCD display 3 2 5 2 leaks isolating 7 3 testing for 7 1 load button D 10 maintenance 6 1 schedule 6 1 manual history iv materials synthesis 1 3 maximum input concentration 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 menu 5 1 5 2 bypass flow rate 5 3 cabinet temperature 5 3 diagnostic 5 4 display brightness 5 4 DMA mode 5 3 exit 5 2 firmware version 5 4 flow calibration 5 4 impactor 5 3 power up with 5 3 sheath flow mode 5 2 sheath flow rate 5 3 structure quick reference 5 5 mobility bandwidth B 13 equation B 12 table B 10 Model 3068B Aerosol Electrometer 1 3 Model 3071 Electrostatic Classifier 1 4 with Long DMA 4 1 Model 3071A Electrostatic Classifier 1 4 Index 3 Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer 2 1 3 3 5 8 cleaning 6 11 removal 6 12 removing before shipping 6 21 Model 3077A Krypton 85 neutralizer 3 9 Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier see Classifier Model 3081 Dacron Screen cleaning replacing 6 6 Model 3081 Long DMA 1 1 4 1 cleaning 6 3 cleaning Dacron screen 6 5 installation 2 9 side support bracket 2 11 mounting 2 9 mounting bracket 2 10 schematic 4 3 side support bracket 2 10 tubing 2 11 tubing configuration 2 12 tubing connections 2 12 Model 3085 Nano DMA 1 1 4 1 4 3 4 4 cleaning 6 7 cl
50. POL oer tere E E E ue nui 3 4 DE Power Qut x setas dee e ee ente mirer AEAT 3 5 Analog Input eter get ex ette geben ose ERE ER e Even 3 5 Side Panel oin ROOTED 3 5 Polydisperse Flow Fitting eeeeeee A 3 5 Exhaust Flow Fitting eerte rhy hen prn enr nnne n nne 3 6 Bypass Flow Fittings eesseeeeeee HH 3 6 Excess Flow Fitting rete e t RR 3 6 Sheath Flow Fittings cscs ertet ene en ER Rr Peier ESIa 3 6 Impactor High LOW c eeeeteet eee egeo ito cava E dette duvets 3 7 High Voltage Out for DMA Only see 3 7 Internal Components rero xe teg eee eap eeevepums 3 7 System Description oserei eerie sore rR HH 3 8 TM PACLOR 2 e a aea a be bel Mica i dette eaaa 3 9 Sheath Flow Controller eere et Hr ne 3 9 Bypass Flow Controller see 3 9 Neutralizer eet itor TID EIE 3 9 High Voltage Controller esseeeeeen 3 10 CHAPTER 4 DMAs Using Different Models with the Classifier ora e 1n Gee eese E deor Lee e eee ea S ono deoa oed 4 1 Model 3081 Long DMA csseeese HH Henne 4 Model 3085 Nano DMA ccc cece cents HH Hes 4 3 CHAPTER 5 Operating the Classifier sccccsessssscseees 5 1 Display and Menus 2 ee Ete eire ves o desde uu eroe s 5 1 hu fseibp oe rr D PEE 5 2 Sheath HOW Rate eec teeth eee revo Hen aedes gen 5 5 DMA VOlta ge eiecti e e RE XEM IRR ERR 5 6 Particle Diameter eee e rh den ex
51. Platform see DMA Mounting under Installing Model 3085 Nano DMA in Chapter 2 5 Mark the location of the sheath flow fitting on the baseplate for easy re assembly Loosen the two screws in the baseplate of the DMA and remove the base 6 Using a 0 050 inch Allen wrench loosen the grounding set screw located above the high voltage cable connector see Figure 6 4 C A Grounding Outer Sel Seren Electrode SS bess I Red lt lt Pan Head Screws i Ur Screws Figure 6 4 Disassembly of Model 3085 Nano DMA for Cleaning Maintenance and Service 6 7 6 8 7 Loosen the two screws in the white plastic base of the DMA and support the parts so they don t fall apart 8 Place the DMA back on its base and separate the sections between the stainless steel body and white plastic base between the Bypass and Excess Flow fittings 9 Lift up on the stainless steel housing being careful not to make contact between the outer case and the center rod Be careful to avoid scratching the rod and the inside of the tube as you remove it A small scratch nick or burr can completely disrupt the electric field inside the mobility analyzer severely affecting its performance 10 Visually inspect the center rod for contamination If the rod is visually quite dirty clean it and the inside of the DMA s outer tube Continue with steps 11 through 13 11 To remove the DMA outer electrode a Place
52. RR E ES UR 5 6 Multifurictioti Parie tre rr n Henn e regen ton denne 5 6 Inipactor state b re E EN US FERE R 5 7 Sheath Air Flow Controller eese 5 7 Neutralizer 5 e tete eU eM ene RR AMEN Ee USe UE 5 8 High Voltage Controller sseeeeeeee ees 5 9 Differential Mobility Analyzer eee 5 9 CHAPTER 6 Maintenance and Service 6 1 Periodic Maintenance siisii rete tere Re e n ten 6 1 Cleaning the Impactor sess ene 6 2 Cleaning the Long DMA Electrodes seeee 6 3 Cleaning the Long DMA Dacron Screen seseeeeeee 6 5 Cleaning the Nano DMA Electrodes eseeeeeeeee 6 6 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Cleaning the Nano DMA Dacron SCTeeN c cece cece eeeeeeees 6 9 Cleaning Kr 85 Bipolar Charger Neutralizer 6 11 Replacing the Filter Cartridges eeeeeeeeeeee 6 12 FlowWwmetetrs ue eie i UR E De Ei p iie 6 14 Replacing the EPROM 3 esee eiev va eene Pere ee Coadeeete 6 14 Replace Negative High Voltage Controller with Positive High Voltage Controller sese 6 17 Technical Contacts ess irrite rei ctam nennen 6 21 Returning the Classifier for Service eeeeeeee 6 21 CHAPTER 7 Troubleshooting cecccecceescccscecececscececess 7 1 Detecting Particles When the Collector Rod Voltage is Not Sw
53. S 1 2 2 4 software calibration D 1 using D 3 license vi specifications A 1 controller platform A 1 A 2 Model 3080L A 2 Model 3080N A 3 status settings D 4 Swagelok 2 6 3 2 3 5 T tandem 1 3 Teflon insulators 4 1 testing for leaks 7 1 theory of operation B 1 Classifier B 4 history B 1 impactor B 2 particle mobility theory B 12 troubleshooting 7 1 serial commands C 5 serial data commands C 5 tubing configuration Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 15 2 16 connections Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 15 2 17 dual blower mode 2 16 2 17 Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 14 single blower mode 2 14 2 15 U underpressure mode 1 4 unpacking the Classifier 2 1 instructions 2 1 V ventilation 2 2 requirements 2 3 voltage 3060L A 2 Index 6 W X Y Z warning xiii 6 21 Aerosol Neutralizer 2 5 description xvi Electrostatic Classifier 2 5 high voltage 6 3 6 6 6 14 symbol xvi Reader s Comments Please help us improve our manuals by completing and returning this questionnaire to TSI Incorporated Particle Instruments 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 U S A Fax 651 490 3824 E mail Address particle tsi com Manual Title Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers P N 1933792 Rev J 1 Was the manual easy to understand and use U Yes No Please identify any problem area s 2 Was there any incorrect or missing information please explain 3 Please rate the manual according to th
54. Unable to locate a TSI instrument Please recheck your configuration OK E Figure D 2 Connection Error Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Electrostatic Classifier Software E Status Setup Calibration Communications About Available Connections Port Instrument Senal No Status COMI EC3080 Ver 3 01 70447128 Connected COMO Connect Disconnect Open Terminal Figure D 3 Communications Settings for Serial Port Using the Calibration Software The first tab in the calibration software shown in Figure D 4 gives instrument status information This can be used to remotely monitor the instrument or even to set some parameters It can be useful for troubleshooting and checking on calibration settings When the program is first started all the settings are read from the instrument and the fields are updated regularly once per second The leftmost fields have buttons next to them allowing you to enter a value by clicking on the button Press Enter after the value is input For DMA voltage input a positive value and the software converts it into negative voltage automatically Classifier Calibration D 3 D 4 Electrostatic Classifier Software Figure D 4 Status Settings The setup tab allows you to view the gas properties used by the Classifier Note You cannot change any of the gas parameters Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Electrostatic Classifier Software ml Status
55. You may need to work the assembly back and forth to loosen the O ring seal Remove the four screws completely To avoid the possibility of disastrous damage leave the four flange screws about one turn short of complete removal before pulling up the assembly this stops the assembly from suddenly breaking loose 7 Remove the DMA s center collector rod by continuing to lift the top of the center rod assembly out of the long outer tube Be careful to avoid scratching the center rod and the inside of the outer tube as you remove the rod A small scratch nick or burr can completely disrupt the electric field inside the mobility analyzer severely affecting its performance 8 Visually inspect the center rod for contamination If the rod is visually quite dirty clean it and the inside of the mobility analyzer s outer tube Continue with steps 9 through 11 9 To remove the DMA outer tube a Remove the two screws in the side support bracket if installed b Remove the four screws that attach the outer tube to the baseplate c Lift the tube up off of the base 10 Wash the collector rod and the inside of the outer tube with a soft cloth soaked in alcohol or a mild solvent Avoid scratching or otherwise damaging the critical collector rod surface and the inside of the outer tube Also take care not to dent the cone edge near the top of the collector rod or the Dacron screen inside the cone If you dent scratch o
56. active bipolar charger establishing a bipolar equilibrium charge level on the particles Particles receive either positive negative or zero charge s The particles then enter the DMA and are separated according to their electrical mobility This parameter is inversely related to particle size and proportional to number of charges on the particles In the particle generation mode the particle size of the monodisperse aerosol exiting the Electrostatic Classifier is selected simply by using the control knob on the front panel When using the Classifier for particle sizing it can be operated in two modes underpressure mode during which the flow rate of the polydisperse aerosol is set by the CPC and overpressure mode in which the flow rate of the polydisperse aerosol is set by the aerosol source entering the Classifier In underpressure operation air is drawn through the DMA a useful practice when sampling from aerosol at or near atmospheric pressure In overpressure mode the aerosol is pushed through the DMA Overpressure operation is best when generating aerosols from pneumatic nebulizers or other pressurized systems System History 1 4 The first Electrostatic Classifier manufactured by TSI was designated as the Model 3071 It consisted of a manually adjusted high voltage controller and manually adjusted valves with mass flowmeters to measure flows The cabinet incorporated a Kr 85 radioactive neutralizer and a long DMA This versio
57. actor nozzle Using Serial Data Commands C 9 SIS Return read serial number of all impactor example 0457 cm SN 320 0508 cm SN 120 0710 cm SN 173 Set Offset Bit Value of Flow Sensor SOVx Set Offset Values of pressure transducer and flowmeter SOVx Set measure offset bit values the following sensors and stores values in EEPROM x B Bypass Pressure Transducer x I Impactor Pressure Transducer x L Flowmeter SOV Return offset of Bypass Pressure Transducer in bit offset of Impactor Pressure Transducer in bit offset of Flowmeter in bit Set Sheath Flow Calibration Parameter A Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCSAx Set Calibration Sheath Parameter A Set sheath flow calibration parameter A SCSA1 234567e 12 Set sheath flow calibration parameter A SCSA Return sheath flow calibration parameter A Set Sheath Flow Calibration Parameter B Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCSBx Set Calibration Sheath Parameter B Set bypass flow calibration parameter B SCSB1 234567e 12 Set sheath flow calibration parameter B SCSB Return sheath flow calibration parameter B Set Calibration Bypass Parameter A Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCBAx Set Calibration Bypass A Parameter Set sheath flow calibration parameter SCBA1 234567e 12 Set bypass flow calibration parameter SCBA Return bypass flow calibration parameter C 10 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Set Calibration Bypass Pa
58. age control mode P or A P Panel A Analog Selected flow mode D or S D Dual S Single Sheath flow status O or 1 0 not stable 1 stable Bypass flow status O or 1 0 not stable 1 stable High voltage status 0 or 1 0 error 1 OK Measured impactor pressure drop in cm H O Selected DMA model 4 0 Selected gas type 5 0 Selected impactor 3 0 Actual particle diameter in nm Adjustable minimum particle diameter in nm Adjustable maximum particle diameter in nm Read Firmware Version RFV Read Firmware Version Returns the version of the firmware Return Firmware version Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Read Model Name RMN Read Model Name Returns the current model name and number as displayed on the power on screen Return Electrostatic Classifier 3080 Read On Time ROT Read On Time Returns the accumulated On Time hours of instrument sheath blower and bypass blower updated every minute stored in the EEPROM Return Classifier On Time HH MM Sheath Blower On Time HH MM Bypass Blower On Time HH MM Read Flags RFL Read Flags Returns the status of the following flags Return Sheath flow led status O or 1 0 not stable 1 stable Bypass flow stable 0 or 1 High voltage ok 0 or 1 0 not ok 1 ok Definitions of Combined Set Commands Set Particle Diameter SPDx Set Particle Diameter Set particle diameter SPD6 4 Set particle diameter
59. allows calculation of the particle diameters that pass through the exit slit of the Electrostatic Classifier if the number of charges on the particle is known Table B 1 shows that the majority of the aerosol in charge equilibrium exists as singly charged particles However a fraction of the particles exist as multiply charged particles A particle with a certain mobility may exist as a small particle with a single charge or as a larger particle with multiple charges Either has the same mobility and is removed by the system with the monodisperse airflow Refer to Wang and Flagan 1990 for the effect of multiply charged particles on the data analysis Figure B 7 shows the relationship between the diameter of particles with a single charge and collector rod voltage for a Model 3081 Long DMA 10000 3 qsh 7 20 Ipm da ds lt 4 lpm 8 J 1000 gt 4j o J D J S gt Uo o c 5 100 o LU s o 10 TL T TT TIT bb to din howe oP hat 0 001 0 01 0 1 1 Particle Diameter Dp um Figure B 7 Collector Rod Voltage as a Function of Particle Diameter for Normal Operating Conditions of the Long DMA Agarwal and Sem 1978 The Equations listed above do not account for diffusion broadening This is an important factor in particles below 50 nm For the more comprehensive formulas refer to work by Stoltzenburg 1988 Once the particles are classified according to electrica
60. and hence size distribution can be determined from the measurement Electrical mobility techniques have been used to measure the size distribution of aerosols since the work of Rohmann 1923 The differential mobility analyzer DMA was developed and used initially for electrical mobility measurements of submicrometer particles Hewitt 1957 Liu and Pui 1974 used the differential mobility analyzer with a bipolar charger to produce monodisperse aerosols of known size Their design was used to develop the first commercial DMA the TSI Model 3071 Electrostatic Classifier Not long after the development of the DMA Knutson and Whitby 1975 incorporated the DMA into a particle sizing system The commercial system is known as the Model 3932 Differential Mobility Particle Sizer DMPS The interface hardware was developed by TSI Incorporated Knutson 1976 developed a data inversion technique for obtaining the initial aerosol size distribution based on the measured particle mobility distribution A data inversion technique similar to Knutson s was used in the commercial DMPS C data reduction The data inversion technique is based on the work of Plomp et al B 1 1982 and Hoppel 1978 and the data reduction technique was developed by Fissan et al 1982 The approximation of the bipolar charge distribution on submicrometer particles has been taken from the work of Wiedensohler 1986 1987 and Wiedensohler and Fissan 1988 In 198
61. ate from side to side slightly as you push or try a little grease on intersecting parts of the plates Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 9 2 10 Figure 2 6 Installing Long DMA in Mounting Bracket Push down and toward cabinet until spring locks in place To remove the DMA refer to Figure 2 7 and use the following steps 1 Place a flat bladed screwdriver between the DMA base plate and the mounting plate locking spring 2 Push the screwdriver in about inch 3 mm and twist the screwdriver to unlock the spring 3 Pull the DMA away from the cabinet and then up to release it Figure 2 7 Releasing the Long DMA Base Bracket Side Support Bracket Although the locking base is acceptable for most mounting applications if the Classifier is to be transported or used in an environment with vibration such as an aircraft the side support bracket from the accessory kit should be used to further mount the Long DMA Refer to Figure 2 8 and follow the steps below to install the side support bracket l Insert the two 6 32 x 34 inch screws in the holes of the V shaped bracket Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 2 Install the bracket on the side of the cabinet If the DMA is already mounted at the base simply pull the DMA column away from the side of the cabinet enough to install the bracket the cabinet base is somewhat flexible 3 Install the DMA with the clamp and two 6 32 x 1 inch screws
62. ate lengths of tubing as listed in Table 2 4 2 Attach the 75 to inch tubing adapter from the accessory kit to the Polydisperse Flow inlet on the Nano DMA 3 Connect tube 1 from the Classifier port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW to the DMA port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW 4 Connect tube 2 from the Classifier port marked SHEATH FLOW to the DMA port marked SHEATH FLOW 5 Connect tube 3 from the Classifier port marked EXCESS FLOW to the DMA port marked EXCESS FLOW Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 6 When using the bypass flow connect tube 4 from the Classifier port marked BYPASS FLOW to the DMA port marked BYPASS FLOW Leave the EXHAUST FLOW port on the Classifier open without the cap 6 in Figure 2 12 Note Impactor inlet has to be removed when using the bypass flow because the pressure drop across the impactor inlet is too large for the pump with the 10 to 15 L min bypass flow 7 When the bypass flow is not used remove tube 4 between the Classifier and the DMA Add the cap to the BYPASS FLOW port on the DMA Table 2 4 Tubing Connections for Model 3085 Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode Tube Length Description Part No 1 8 in 203 mm Black fits 4 in 6 35 mm tubing 3001903 2 7 in 178 mm Black fits in 9 5 mm tubing 3001904 3 7 in 178 mm Black fits in 9 5 mm tubing 3001904 4 7 in 178 mm Black fits in 9 5 mm tubing 3001904 5 75 to Y in tubing adapter 1035992 6 s in cap fitting 1611270 Q
63. ath flow Bypass flow O to 3 L min determined by external pressure or vacuum O to 15 L min Single Blower mode O to 20 L min Dual Blower mode O to 15 L min Single Blower mode None Dual Blower mode Aerosol temperature range 10 to 40 C Charger Neutralizer Model 3077A Aerosol Neutralizer supplied with instrument Optional Model 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer Bipolar Kr 85 10 millicurie half life of 10 7 years Bipolar Kr 85 2 millicurie half life of 10 7 years Aerosol pressure range 70 to 120 kPa 0 7 to 1 2 atm Front panel display Backlit alphanumeric 320 x 240 pixel LCD Calibration NIST traceable voltage and flow standards Dimensions LWH 45 7 cm x 41 4 cm x 40 6 cm 18 in x 16 3 in x 16 in Weight 17 6 kg 38 9 Ib Ports Polydisperse Flow Sheath Flow Excess Flow Bypass Flow Exhaust Flow l4 in OD in OD in OD in OD in OD Power requirements 100 to 240 VAC 50 60 Hz 200 W maximum Fuse not replaceable by user F 7A FB 250V internal not replaceable by operator continued on next page A 1 Table A 2 Specifications of the 3080 Controller Platform continued Environmental Conditions Indoor use Altitude up to 3000 m 10 000 ft Ambient temperature 10 40 C Ambient humidity 0 90 RH non condensing Over voltage category II Pollution degree II Table A 3 Specifica
64. aust air can move freely from the base of the cabinet Power Connection Connect the AC power cord supplied to the AC POWER IN connection on the back of the Classifier and then into an available power outlet It is not necessary to select the correct voltage because the instrument accepts line voltage of 100 to 240 VAC Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 3 Analog Input Connecting a Installing the 2 4 50 60 Hz 200 W max single phase The connector has a built in on off switch Notes Make certain the line cord is plugged into a grounded earth grounded power outlet Position the Classifier so the power cord connector is not blocked and is easily accessible The Classifier power supply contains no user serviceable parts If the power supply is not operating correctly use the information in Chapter 6 Technical Contacts to contact TSI This instrument should not be used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer Toggle the on off switch at the AC POWER IN connection on the back panel to the on position to verify the instrument has power Alternately connect 24 VDC to the DC POWER IN connection Contact TSI to order the necessary connector TSI part number 1035551 There is an Analog Input connector on the Classifier located just below the Serial Port on the back panel for analog control of the High Voltage supplied to the DMA Usually this is used for input of the control signal from a Condensation Pa
65. ay To select the appropriate model follow the steps below 1 Turn on the Classifier and rotate the control knob to highlight the Menu pane on the display 2 Click the control knob by pushing in This should bring up the menu Operating the Classifier 5 9 3 Scroll by rotating the control knob until DMA Model is highlighted and then click the selection 4 Select the DMA model number corresponding to the DMA physically installed and click the selection 5 Scroll the menu up or down to Exit and click Note The correct DMA must be entered for the Particle Size calculations to be performed correctly on the front panel 5 10 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers CHAPTER 6 Maintenance and Service This chapter gives maintenance and service procedures for the Classifier Periodic Maintenance Periodic cleaning of several parts of the Classifier is necessary to ensure proper performance If aerosol deposits accumulate in the differential mobility analyzer they may cause an electrical breakdown of the high voltage The service intervals depend on the aerosol concentration entering the Classifier When the instrument is used as an aerosol generator the input aerosol concentration is usually high and the Classifier requires more frequent cleaning The following maintenance schedule is suggested for the system when it is used as an aerosol generator For a Classifier used in an SMPS system measuring room air levels of aerosol
66. been powered up highlights the various panes in the display window The panes are rotated from Menu to Panel or Analog Ctrl to Sheath Flow Rate to DMA Voltage to Particle Diameter to the Multifunction Pane and then back to Menu in a clockwise fashion 5 1 5 2 DMA Voltage 2463 0 V 100 0 nm Sheath Flow Sample Flow 1 5 lpm Panel Ctrl DMA 3081 Figure 5 1 Classifier LCD Display For most of the panes you can access the function in the pane by pushing the center of the control knob into the panel The functions of each pane are listed below Menu The Menu pane is highlighted when you first power up the instrument This item allows you to set all aspects of the Classifier The menu items are summarized in Table 5 2 and addressed in detail below Exit This allows you to exit from the menu commands It is located at the extreme top and bottom of the menu list for convenience Sheath Flow Mode This selection toggles between Single Blower and Dual Blower The Single Blower mode is used with the Model 3085 Nano DMA In this mode the sheath air blower and bypass blower are controlled independently In the Dual Blower mode the sheath and bypass blowers are connected in series by connecting tubing from the Excess Flow port to the Exhaust Flow port on the Classifier This mode is used with the Model 3081 DMA to boost the sheath air flow up to 15 L min This is necessary due to the higher pressure drop through the M
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68. d Shoreview MN 55126 USA Fax 651 490 3824 Email particle tsi com For current information www tsi com XX Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers CHAPTER 1 Product Overview This chapter describes the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier shown in Figure 1 1 and gives an overview of how the Classifier works Product Description The Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier can be used with either Differential Mobility Analyzer DMA Long or Nano as the main component for generating or sizing aerosols Given a polydisperse input aerosol the instrument output can be a stream of monodisperse aerosol of known particle size particle electrical mobility Figure 1 1 Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier shown with Model 3081 Long DMA and Model 3085 Nano DMA Collectively the family of Electrostatic Classifiers size classifies highly monodisperse submicrometer aerosols in the range from 2 to 1000 nanometers in particle diameter The Electrostatic Classifier is most often used as an integral part of a monodisperse aerosol generation system or a submicrometer particle sizing system In an aerosol generation system the Electrostatic Classifier selects aerosol particles of uniform size from a polydisperse source resulting in a highly monodisperse aerosol The Long DMA offers classification in the range from 10 to 1000 nanometers in diameter The Nano DMA offers classification from 2 to 150 nanometers in diameter In a part
69. d Service 6 21 CHAPTER 7 Troubleshooting This chapter tells how to troubleshoot the Classifier Detecting Particles When the Collector Rod Voltage is Not Switched on When the collector rod voltage is not on the airstream flowing out of the Monodisperse Flow connector should be particle free If particles are detected in the airstream the Classifier may have one or more of the following problems Problem Solution The ratio of aerosol to clean sheath air flow is too high The imbalance ratio can occur if the ratio of aerosol to clean sheath airflow exceeds 1 10 Change flows so that ratio is below 1 10 The sheath air filter has a leak Replace the sheath air filter cartridge see Replacing the Filter Cartridges in Chapter 6 Turbulent flow has developed in the differential mobility analyzer If particles still appear after these checks decrease sheath and polydisperse flows so that the total flow rate inside the analyzer is less than 10 liters per minute If particles disappear using these steps it suggests that turbulent flow has developed in the analyzer at normal flow rates Contact TSI for repair information Testing for Leaks Whenever an air leak is suspected or a significant part of the airflow system has been reassembled perform a leak test to assure proper performance Begin by isolating the DMA from the Classifier using these steps 1 Disconnect all tubing f
70. del 3085 Nano DMA electrodes 6 6 clear Tygon tubing 2 8 climate studies 1 3 coagulation 1 3 collector rod theory B 8 combustion studies 1 3 commands C 3 see serial data commands comments submitting xviii computer connecting 2 4 condensation 1 3 Index 2 Condensation Particle Counter see CPC condensation studies 1 3 conductive tubing 3 2 connection error screen D 2 connectors 3 1 contacting TSI email address v getting help xviii control knob functions 5 1 control platform specifications A 1 A 2 controls 3 1 CPC 1 2 2 4 Dacron 4 2 Dacron screen 6 5 6 9 DC power in connection 2 4 DC power input 3 3 pin designations 3 4 DC power out 3 5 description of system Classifier 3 8 detecting particles 7 1 diagnostic 5 4 Differential Mobility Analyzer see DMA Differential Mobility Particle Sizer DMPS see also DMPS display 5 1 display brightness 5 4 DMA 1 3 Model 3081 installation 2 9 selecting 5 9 using different 4 1 DMA model 5 3 5 10 DMA port 2 15 DMA voltage 5 6 DMPS B 1 dual blower mode 2 16 2 17 5 2 excess flow fitting 3 6 exhaust flow fitting 3 6 electrical mobility studies 1 3 Electrostatic Classifier 1 1 1 2 see also Classifier theory B 4 warning 2 5 engine exhaust studies 1 3 environmental conditions A 2 EPROM location 6 16 replacing 6 14 equations cut point diameter B 4 electrical mobility B 12 evaporation 1 3 exce
71. e following features Good Adequate Poor Readability Accuracy Completeness is everything there Organization finding what you need Quality and number of illustrations Quality and number of examples OUOOoOOO DOODO LDODCOCLULC Comments 4 Which part s of this manual did you find most helpful 5 Rate your level of experience with the product Beginning Intermediate Expert 6 Please provide us with the following information Name Address Title Company TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 U S A USA Tel 1 800 874 2811 UK Tel 44 149 4 459200 France Tel 33 491 95 21 90 Germany Tel 449 241 523030 India Tel 491 80 41132470 China Tel 86 10 8260 1595 Website www tsi com Website www tsiinc co uk Website www tsiinc fr Website www tsiinc de E mail particle tsi com E mail tsiuk tsi com E mail tsifranceQ tsi com E mail tsigmbh tsi com E mail tsi india tsi com E mail tsibeijing tsi com 3 Contact your local TSI Distributor or visit our website www tsi com for more detailed specifications P N 1933792 Rev Copyright 2009 by TS Incorporated Printed in U S A
72. e on the display Click the control knob by pushing in 3 Scroll by rotating the control knob with your index finger until the correct flow is indicated and then click the selection 4 The flow will then update with the actual flow When it stabilizes at the set flow the green Sheath Flow LED will light up The TSI Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer is usually required in a system to provide known charge on the particles going into the Classifier This allows calculation of actual particle concentration based on particle size and number concentration of particles exiting the DMA This also allows the correlation of particle mobility with particle size to correct for multiple charged particles In some cases however such as when using an Electrospray Aerosol Generator TSI Model 3480 to generate ultrafine particles the 3077A 3077 Kr 85 neutralizer can be bypassed because the 3480 has a Po 210 neutralizer If you have not yet installed a neutralizer refer to Installing the Kr 85 Bipolar Charger in Chapter 2 The Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Model 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer is an optional part that is recommended to be used for low concentration aerosol High Voltage Controller An integral part of the Classifier is the precise control of high voltage This is accomplished using a precision high voltage supply with an external feedback reference module The voltage is set from the front panel through the Analog I
73. eaning Dacron screen 6 9 cleaning electrodes 6 6 installation 2 12 mounting bracket 2 13 mounting 2 13 patent pending A 3 schematic 4 5 tubing 2 14 tubing configuration 2 15 2 16 tubing connections 2 15 2 17 Model 3480 Electrospray Aerosol Generator 5 8 monodisperse 1 1 monodisperse aerosol 1 4 monodisperse flow 4 2 monodisperse output 3 8 mounting Model 3081 Long DMA 2 9 mounting bracket Model 3081 Long DMA 2 10 Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 13 mounting the Classifier 2 2 moving the Classifier 2 2 multifunction pane 5 6 nanotechnology research 1 3 negative polarity high voltage controller 6 18 neutralizer 3 9 neutralizer chamber 3 3 nucleation 1 3 nucleation studies 1 3 o operating the Classifier 1 3 5 1 overview 1 1 Index 4 P Q packing instructions 6 21 packing list 2 1 parity C 3 particle diameter 5 6 particle mobility theory B 12 particle size range 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 particle sizing system 1 2 particle charge studies 1 3 PC board location 6 15 pin connectors C 1 polydisperse 1 1 polydisperse aerosol 1 4 3 8 polydisperse flow 4 2 D 9 polydisperse flow fitting 3 5 polydisperse flow port 2 11 POLYDISPERSE FLOW port 2 14 2 16 polystyrene latex 1 3 positive high voltage controller 6 17 6 18 installed 6 20 positive polarity high voltage controller 6 18 power connection 2 3 power requirements A 1 power up with 5 3 pressure drop D 8 D 9 print button
74. ed conducting surface Q Wear a grounded static discharging wrist strap 6 14 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers To replace the EPROM proceed as follows 1 2 Switch the Classifier off and unplug the power cord Remove the cabinet cover by loosening the seven 7 screws on the side panels securing the cover the screws do not have to be removed Remove the small bezel around the aerosol inlet on the front panel Pry the left hand side up with a small flat bladed screwdriver and pull straight off the inlet tube Release the front panel door with the three captive screws on the inside left of the front panel Swing the front panel open only 90 degrees to gain access to the main pc board as shown in Figure 6 9 Have someone else support the door as you work on the pc board Figure 6 9 Location of Main PC Board 6 The Classifier uses a single EPROM chip It should be labeled with a seven digit part number It is important that it goes in the correct socket with the correct orientation Locate the EPROM socket on the main pc board attached to the front panel of the instrument and refer to Figure 6 10 Use the EPROM removal tool provided with the new EPROM chips to remove the old chip Remove the new EPROM from its static protection bag Maintenance and Service 6 15 10 Install the new chip into the vacant socket by aligning the notch on the top center of the chip with the notch show
75. ee eee ceee cee eeeeeeee seen seen es 6 1 Specifications of the 3080 Controller Platform A 1 Specifications of the 3080L Electrostatic Classifier A 2 Specifications of the 3080N Electrostatic Classifier A 3 Midpoint Mobilities Midpoint Particle Diameters and Fraction of Total Particle Concentration that Carries 6 to 6 Elementary Charges as a Function of Mobility B 10 Coefficients for Equation B 2 eeeeee B 11 Signal Connections for RS 232 Configurations C 2 Troubleshooting Serial Commands ees C 5 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Safety This section gives instructions to promote safe and proper handling of Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers There are no user serviceable parts inside the instrument Refer all repair and maintenance to a qualified technician All maintenance and repair information in this manual is included for use by a qualified technician To prevent problems take these precautions Q Do not remove any parts from the instrument unless you are specifically told to do so in this manual Q Do not remove the instrument housing or covers while power is supplied to the instrument If the Model 3080 is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you un
76. ent is susceptible to electro static dissipation ESD and ESD protection procedures should be followed to avoid damage Indicates the connector is connected to earth ground and cabinet ground Warns you that the Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer which is installed inside the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier contains radioactive material that is subject to the regulations of the U S Nuclear Regulatory Commission and local regulations Carefully read the enclosed Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizers Instruction Manual to determine your legal responsibilities regarding the neutralizer xviii Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers About This Manual Purpose This is an instruction manual for the operation and handling of Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Related Product Literature a Model 3077 3077A Aerosol Neutralizers Instruction Manual part number 1933077 TSI Incorporated Model 3936 Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS Spectrometer Operation and Service Manual part number 1933796 TSI Incorporated Model 3480 Electrospray Aerosol Generator Operation and Service Manual part number 1933793 TSI Incorporated Model 3772 3771 Condensation Particle Counter Operation and Service Manual part number 1980529 TSI Incorporated Model 3775 Condensation Particle Counter Operation and Service Manual part number 1980527 TSI Incorporated Model 3776 Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter Operation a
77. fiers Figure B 1 Classifier Shown with Impactor Installed on Inlet Impaction Nozzle or Jet __ Stream Lines 4 Impaction Eo Plate SO Figure B 2 Cross Sectional View of an Inertial Impactor Hinds 1982 The impaction plate deflects the flow to form a 90 bend in the streamlines Particles with sufficient inertia are unable to follow the streamlines and impact on the plate Smaller particles follow the streamlines avoid contact with the plate and exit the impactor The impactor is used in the SMPS system to remove particles larger than a known aerodynamic size due to their contribution to multiply charged aerosols The aerodynamic particle size at which the particles are separated is called the cut point diameter The Theory of Operation B 3 cut point diameter is a function of the impactor flow rate and nozzle diameter Equation B 1 is used to calculate the cut point diameter 3 Da aie Equation B 1 4p CQ where Dg particle cut point diameter centimeter 50 cut efficiency Stk Stokes number 0 23 Pp particle density g cm Q volumetric flow rate cm s C Cunningham Slip Correction 1 Kn o D exp y Kn where Kn is the Knudsen number Kn 2 A Dp a 1 142 B 0 558 y 0 999 A gas mean free path u gas viscosity dyne s cm or g cm s W nozzle diameter cm The Stokes number is a dimensionless parameter that characterizes impaction
78. fitting on the DMA in Single Blower mode or to the Exhaust Flow fitting on the Classifier in Dual Blower mode The connection can be made with flexible conductive tubing or with Swagelok type connections and rigid tubing Sheath Flow Fitting The Sheath Flow fitting is a in straight fitting that allows connections for the sheath air used in all DMAs This fitting is connected to the Sheath Flow fitting on the DMA The connection can be made with flexible conductive tubing or with Swagelok type connections and rigid tubing Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Impactor High Low The impactor fittings are used to connect an internal pressure transducer to the tubes connected to the impactor on the inlet of the Classifier This allows you to display the aerosol flow rate on the front panel based on a calibration stored in the Classifier for each impactor nozzle High Voltage Out for DMA Only This is a specialized high voltage connector for use with all TSI DMaAs to connect the high voltage supply in the Classifier to the DMA Internal Components The main internal components are shown in Figure 3 5 For a more detailed explanation of these components refer to Chapter 5 Sheath Flowmeter High Voltage Heat Exchanger Power Supply and Cooling Fan Neutralizer Holder LCD Filter Display Manifold Sheath Flow Pump Bypass Flow PC Board Pump Figure 3 5 Main Internal Components
79. g a plastic dowel slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cone push with a press on the Dacron screen until the upper insulator comes free about 0 25 inches Remove the Dacron screen for cleaning and check it for damage If the screen has been damaged in the removal Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers process it should be replaced with the spare screen from the accessory kit 7 To clean the Dacron screen use tweezers to dip the screen into a clean beaker filled with isopropyl alcohol Repeat three times 8 The screen must be dry before the Electrostatic Classifier will operate correctly You can air dry the screen or use a very light flow of filtered compressed air 9 Reassemble unit Cleaning Kr 85 Bipolar Charger Neutralizer Do not use solvents that might corrode stainless steel or epoxy See the separately bound Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizers Instruction Manual for very important U S Nuclear regulatory commission limitations and regulations also consult your local radioactivity regulations The use of controls adjustments or procedures other than those specified in this manual may result in exposure to hazardous radiation Q Do not use water above 50 C Temperatures above 50 C can degrade materials that are a part of the Neutralizer 303 304 or 316 stainless steel copper silver solder or epoxy causing the Neutralizer to leak radioactive contamination Do not fill the Neutralizer with wa
80. gh Voltage Controller The Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier has a negative polarity high voltage HV controller by default for the Long or Nano DMA to select positively charged particles Researchers that are interested in negatively charged particles can order an optional positive HV controller P N 1030354 from TSI to size classify negatively charged particles The location of the HV controller in the Classifier is shown in Figure 6 11 and the optional positive HV controller is shown in Figure 6 12 Screws 3 N utralizer k Chamber amp HV Contro Connector Y j x li HV Controller Body DD Filter Assembly 4 Figure 6 11 Location of High Voltage Controller in 3080 Electrostatic Classifier Maintenance and Service 6 17 6 18 Figure 6 12 Positive High Voltage Controller The two different polarity HV controllers can be identified by their different model numbers Negative polarity HV controller 10A12 N4 M Default Positive polarity HV controller 10A12 P4 M Optional Follow the steps below to replace the negative HV controller with the positive HV controller physically in the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier 1 Turn off the power of the 3080 and disconnect the electrical power cable 2 Remove the cabinet cover of the 3080 by loosening the seven 7 screws securing the cover the screws do not have to be removed 3 Disconnect the long black HV controller connector by pulling i
81. he signal connections C 1 Figure C 1 Serial Port Pin Designations Table C 1 Signal Connections for RS 232 Configurations Pin Number RS 232 Signal Transmit Output Receive Input GND oo ooGog 5o 3 Figure C 2 Serial Port Connector on the Back of the Classifier Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Baud Rate Parity 7 Bits Commands The baud rate setting is the rate of communication in terms of bits per second baud The Classifier uses a baud rate setting of 9600 For proper communications make sure that all software used with the instrument is set at the appropriate rate Even Parity is the additional bit that accompanies the seven data bits to confirm that they are transmitted correctly It is set so that the number of 1 bits high in a transmitted character is always an even number The Classifier uses even parity as the only setting The Classifier uses an ASCII based communications protocol that uses the RS 232 port of a computer to transmit commands in the form of strings The two types of commands are Q Read commands in which the Classifier sends data in response to a specific request from the computer Q Set commands which set all the operating parameters for the Classifier Some things to keep in mind if you are writing your own interface software to communicate with the Classifier Q No line feed characters are transmitted Q A Set
82. hile keeping your back straight Keep the instrument close to your body as you lift D O0 0 0 0 UD Use the handles built into the left and right undersides of the base or the black handles attached to the back panel improved Poor Description of Caution Symbols The following symbols and appropriate caution statements are used throughout the manual and on the Model 3080 to draw attention to any steps that require you to take cautionary measures when working with the Model 3080 Caution Caution means be careful It means if you do not follow the procedures prescribed in this manual you may do something that might result in equipment damage or you might have to take something apart and start over again It also indicates that important information about the operation and maintenance of this instrument is included Safety xvii Warning Warning means that unsafe use of the instrument could result in serious injury to you or cause irrevocable damage to the instrument Follow the E procedures prescribed in this manual to use the instrument safely Caution or Warning Symbols The following symbols may accompany cautions and warnings to indicate the nature and consequences of hazards Warns you that uninsulated voltage within the instrument may have sufficient magnitude to cause electric shock Therefore itis dangerous to make any contact with any part inside the instrument Warns you that the instrum
83. icle sizing system the Electrostatic Classifier separates particles by size for high resolution measurements of particle size distribution When used in TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS spectrometers for example monodisperse aerosol exiting the Electrostatic Classifier passes to a Condensation Particle Counter CPC which measures particle number concentration By scanning quickly through a portion of the size range from 2 to 1000 nanometers size range varies by SMPS configuration the SMPS measures the size distribution of the aerosol precisely Some advantages of the 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers include Q Choice of two interchangeable DMAs and flexibility to use other custom DMAs Q Minimal diffusional broadening and particle loss for Nano DMA due to its short length and bypass inlet flow design Q Recirculating flow for precise match of sheath and excess flows Accurate microprocessor controlled volumetric flow Precision dynamic high voltage supply for fast accurate scanning Q Optional easy to install positive high voltage supply negative supply is standard Q Convenient front panel design with control knob and built in display Q Electronic control of flow voltage particle size gas type and instrument functions Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Applications When used in an aerosol generation system to produce highly monodisperse particles Q Aerosol research including studies of particle tra
84. in Appendix C The pane at the lower right corner of the front panel display shows the current DMA selected DMA 3081 DMA 3085 DMA No 1 DMA No 2 and DMA No 3 Impactor The impactor nozzle mounted on the inlet of the Classifier is selected with this menu item If no impactor is used Pressure Drop should be selected In this case the multipurpose pane in the main window will only show Impactor Pressure in cmH O The value shown here is close to zero because no impactor is installed For the selections 0457 cm 0508 cm and 0710 cm the calibrated flow rate will be displayed in the multipurpose pane under Sample Flow Rate The serial numbers SN of the nozzles calibrated are also shown in the selection menu Cabinet Temperature This temperature is an indication of the internal cabinet temperature This is useful for troubleshooting issues like clearance space around the fan inlet and exhaust holes in the cabinet If this temperature reads consistently 10 C above ambient temperature check for a dirty fan filter and proper clearance around the cabinet Power Up With This menu controls any settings that are enabled during power up For example if the sheath flow is set to 6 0 L min and current settings is selected the instrument will start up with the sheath flow set to 6 0 L min Selecting default settings will restore factory defaults Operating the Classifier Display Brightness Thi
85. ing Electrical Mobility Spectrometer SEMS B 2 schematic Electrostatic Classifier with Long DMA B 6 Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in dual blower mode B 8 Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in single blower mode B 7 Model 3081 Long DMA 4 3 Model 3085 Nano DMA 4 5 serial data commands C 1 baud rate C 3 combined set commands C 7 command quick reference C 4 commands C 3 making connection C 1 parity C 3 pin connectors C 1 read command C 4 definition C 5 read firmware version C 6 read flags C 7 read flow rates C 5 read measured values C 6 read model name C 7 read on time C 7 read pressure C 5 read temperature C 6 read user settings C 6 set auxiliary output C 11 set bypass flow rate C 8 set calibration bypass parameter A C 10 set calibration bypass parameter B C 11 set calibration impactor parameter A C 11 serial data commands continued set calibration impactor parameter B C 11 set commands C 4 set DMA parameter C 12 set flow calibration algorithm C 8 set flow calibration table C 8 set flow calibration table correct C 9 set flow mode C 8 set high voltage C 7 set offset bit value of flow sensor C 10 set or read impactor serial number C 9 set particle diameter C 7 set sheath flow calibration parameter A C 10 set sheath flow calibration parameter B C 10 set sheath flow rate C 8 set voltage mode C 7 troubleshooting input C 5 serial port 3 4 communication settings D 3 c
86. ion eeeeseeseeee n e D 7 Impactor Calibration 1 eer rer enn nie vee levees D 8 Working with Calibration Files eee D 10 Index Contents xi Figures xii S 1 l 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 5 1 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 Location of Warning and Information Labels xvi Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier shown with Model 3081 Long DMA and Model 3085 Nano DMA 1 1 Bottom View of Electrostatic Classifier Showing Location of Rubber Feet Feet can be removed to provide mounting points on cabinet Dimensions are in inches mm 2 3 Installation of Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer 2 5 Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer Installed showing pop up flag indicator eene 2 6 Impactor Inlet eere T rettet bett e dU Fus 2 7 Impactor Inlet Installed on Classifier esse 2 8 Installing Long DMA in Mounting Bracket Push down and toward cabinet until spring locks in place 2 10 Releasing the Long DMA Base Bracket ssss 2 10 Installing the Long DMA Side Support Bracket 2 11 Tubing Configuration for the Model 3081 Long DMA 2 12 Installing Nano DMA in Mounting Bracket Push down and toward cabinet until spring locks in place
87. isperse aerosol inlet Monodisperse aerosol outlet Sheath excess and bypass ports Nano DMA 20 3 cm 8 in 7 9 cm 3 1 in excluding ports 2 2 kg 4 9 Ib s in OD l4 in OD in OD Complete instrument Dimensions LWH Weight 45 7 cm x 41 4 cm x 40 6 cm 18 in x 16 3 in x 16 in 20 1 kg 44 3 Ib Specifications are subject to change without notice TSI and the TSI logo are registered trademarks of TSI Incorporated The design of the Model 3085 Nano DMA is covered under US patent No 6 230 572 Model 3080 Specifications History APPENDIX B Theory of Operation The principle of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier with any DMA is based on the monotonic relationship between electrical mobility and particle size with singly charged particles To ensure a fixed percentage of particles carrying one unit of charge the particles are introduced to a bipolar charge in a Model 3077A 3077 Neutralizer where they undergo frequent collisions with bipolar ions This process is known as bipolar charging or neutralization As a result an equilibrium charge state is obtained with known percentages of particles carrying no charge a single charge or multiple charges of both positive and negative polarities These aerosol particles are then classified with the differential mobility analyzer and measured by a Condensation Particle Counter or an Aerosol Electrometer The mobility distribution
88. itched Orne Hep e e th eins eee ew PNE EORR ORE 7 1 Testing for Leaks detestatur mr OU T Ei Dee 7 1 ISOLATE PEAKS iiss i cnet rer tren mer eee se ER Yero er eee dt 7 3 APPENDIX A Model 3080 Specifications A 1 APPENDIX B Theory of Operation cccscscessceeceeeseeees B 1 History ie betur ge rho Eee eevee eager SUR Er ni eet B 1 Impaction Theory and Operation sssssssesssesseseeeresresseseese B 2 Electrostatic Classifier ice gdh cites B 4 Charging Theory eere th dte dee edere n e nest ex ved aA B 8 Particle Mobility Theory eee B 12 Selected References ii tou eer PRAE eae B 15 APPENDIX C Using Serial Data Commands C 1 Making Connection seo tende trente ne rre per eet ranae C 1 Pin Connectors eere pere Ix Sede tiq dr genet np RYE ETT C 1 Baud Rate vcd GERE a EEG ES C 3 Parity 7 Bits Even aves ciere eR EO E eg C 3 Cornmards uU REEL LA es lee C 3 Command Quick Reference cceccecceceeceeeceeceseeseneenes C 4 Troubleshooting Input esee C 5 Definitions of Read Commands eee C 5 Definitions of Combined Set Commands C 7 APPENDIX D Classifier Calibration csccccsssssssssceseees D 1 Calibration Software Setup esee D 1 Using the Calibration Software sse D 3 Sheath Air Calibration 5 tones D 5 Bypass Air Calibrat
89. itting 3001903 2 7 in 178 mm Black fits 7 amp in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 3 9 5 in 241 mm Black fits in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 4 6 5 in 165 mm Black fits in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 5 75 to 4 in tubing adapter 1035992 6 in cap fitting 1611270 High Voltage Connection Each DMA has a high voltage cable and connector specially designed to connect to the Electrostatic Classifier cabinet You should never pull or tug on the high voltage cable always grip the plug to disconnect the cable You should never use the cable to carry or move the instrument If the cable breaks you could be exposed to dangerous high voltage A cut or damaged cable should be replaced immediately Always switch the instrument off before connecting or disconnecting the high voltage connector 1 When the Long or Nano DMA is secure plug the high voltage cord into the socket marked HIGH VOLTAGE OUT FOR DMA ONLY on the side of the Classifier The connector simply pushes together 2 To remove the high voltage connector grip the connector and pull straight out Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 17 Front Panel CHAPTER 3 Controls Indicators and Connectors Use the information in this chapter to familiarize yourself with the location and function of controls indicators and connectors on the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier This chapter is organized into four sections describing aspects of the instrument Front Panel Back
90. l Port Pin Designations eseeeeee cece eee eens C 2 C 2 Serial Port Connector on the Back of the Classifier C 2 D 1 Electrostatic Classifier Calibration Software Startup SCILCGCIb xn ties tea pias toss etse repo dete t tee ease Meat cus ae Ui m Pod SEDE D 2 Dz2 Connection EITO oso sks edente eren rrr re HIR eere ee Sorters D 2 D 3 Communications Settings for Serial Port D 3 D 4 Status Settings eee teh tute teen ne de ne hn o xS eR Ro ees D 4 D 5 Setup Tab eie eR ere Ree ti per eene tpe Peg ep Reste sectors D 5 D 6 Sheath Flow Calibration eee D 7 D 7 Bypass Flow Calibration Tab eeeeeseeeee D 8 D 8 Impactor Calibration Tab sese D 9 2 1 Classifier Packing List sisusse gninnan 2 1 2 2 Typical Flow Range for Each Impactor Nozzle 2 7 2 3 Tubing Connections for Model 3081 Long DMA 2 12 2 4 Tubing Connections for Model 3085 Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode eer pret tens E eet ces doen eg 2 15 2 5 Tubing Connections for Model 3085 Nano DMA in Dual Blower mode 2 e Cede ene ueri dy 2 17 5 1 Control Knob Functions essesssee HH 5 1 5 2 Classifier Menu Structure Quick Reference 5 5 Contents xiii xiv 5 3 6 1 A 1 A 2 B 1 B 2 C 1 C 2 Flow Range for Each Impactor Nozzle seees 5 7 Maintenance Schedule cece ece
91. l mobility their concentration is measured by a CPC or Electrometer Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Selected References The following list contains papers that are referenced in this chapter as well as other references that may be interesting to the reader Adachi M K Okuyama and Y Kousaka 1985 Electrical Neutralization of Charged Aerosol Particles by Bipolar Ions Journal of Chemical Engineering Japan 16 229 Agarwal J K and G J Sem 1978 Generating Submicron Monodisperse Aerosols for Instrument Calibrations TSI Quarterly May June p 5 TSI Incorporated St Paul MN Allen M D and O G Raabe 1985 Slip Correction Measurements of Spherical Solid Aerosol Particles in an Improved Millikan Apparatus Aerosol Science and Technology 4 269 286 Blackford D B and G Simons 1986 Particle Size Analysis of Carbon Black TSI Incorporated St Paul MN Presented at Fine Particle Society Annual Meeting San Francisco CA July Unpublished Chen D R D Y H Pui D Hummes H Fissan F R Quant and G J Sem 1998 Design and Evaluation of a Nanometer Aerosol Differential Mobility Analyzer Nano DMA Journal of Aerosol Science 29 5 497 509 Fissan H J C Helsper and H J Thielen 1983 Determination of Particle Size Distribution by Means of an Electrostatic Classifier Journal of Aerosol Science 14 354 Fuchs N A 1963 On the Stationary Charge Distributi
92. l vacuum or pressure sources and complex plumbing Although the Model 3080 Operating the Classifier 5 7 Neutralizer 5 8 Classifier can be set up this way the complexity of the system can be reduced dramatically if the sheath and excess flows are connected into a recirculating flow arrangement In this case the excess air flow is fed back into the DMA as sheath air The recirculating flow arrangement requires a pump to move the air filters to clean the air entering and leaving the pump a heat exchanger to remove heat added by the pump and a flowmeter to control the flow In a sealed system the sheath and excess flows are equal therefore the aerosol flow and monodisperse flows are also equal Thus when the sheath excess flow is set the remaining two flows are set by either the aerosol source or the particle detector This greatly simplifies setup and also allows the flows to be set more precisely Setting the sheath flow is simply a matter of dialing a flow from the front panel Generally you should set the sheath flow to a 10 1 ratio with the aerosol flow So if you are using a CPC witha 1 L min sampling flow you can connect the inlet of the CPC directly to the Monodisperse Flow fitting of the DMA This will give a polydisperse flow of 1 L min and you can set a sheath flow rate of 10 L min from the front panel To set the sheath flow 1 Turn on the Classifier and rotate the control knob to highlight the Sheath Flow Rate pan
93. n on the silkscreen 11 Slightly insert one row of pins then push the chip sideways to insert the other row 12 Once both rows of pins are slightly inserted press the EPROM firmly the rest of the way into the socket 13 Inspect the socket to make sure that all pins are inserted into the socket EPROM U104 sj II r IH mammana aa i ai gt jn GI I I Ao GU EP i lores LI mt c Is CL 2 J HO ng pjg E uo d E B LI rm J f e I gt E E Le mea oo b 1 EOS I a f o 9l 1 T 21 1 x O s rr 2 Figure 6 10 Location of the EPROM on the Main PC Board 14 Swing the front panel shut making sure that no cables or tubing are pinched 15 Tighten the three captive screws on the inside left of the front panel you may have to move the panel up or down slightly to get the screws to engage 16 Replace the cover on the instrument 17 Tighten the seven screws holding the cover in place 18 Insert the power cord into the power entry connector on the back of the instrument 6 16 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 19 Apply power to the instrument with the switch on the back panel 20 Check that the version shown under the menu screen near the bottom of the list matches the new version of the EPROM 21 Insert the small black bezel back to the hole around the sample inlet on the front panel Replace Negative High Voltage Controller with Positive Hi
94. n was in production from September 1976 to November 1992 In 1993 the Model 3071 Classifier received cosmetic updates and some minor engineering changes This brought the instrument up to date in terms of electrical compliance and replaced obsolete parts A new color scheme brought the Classifier inline with the family of TSI scientific particle instruments as the 3071A The Model 3071A was replaced by the newer Model 3080 The Model 3080 is a complete redesign of earlier Classifier models and began shipping in January of 1999 The modular instrument has two interchangeable DMAs with recirculating flow for precise match of sheath and excess flows It uses electronics to control volumetric flow voltage and particle size Instrument can be conveniently controlled using control knob and display on the front panel Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and Setting Up the System Use the information in this chapter to unpack and setup the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier Packing List As you unpack the shipping container make certain the shipment is complete Table 2 1 gives a packing list for the Classifier Table 2 1 Classifier Packing List Qty Description Part No 1 Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier 3080 1 Electrostatic Classifier Accessory Kit Including 1 Support Bracket for Long DMA w screws 1035991 1 Fitting Adapter 7s to 1 4 1035992 1 s in cap fitting 1602304 1 Cable Power Supply 1 Cable RS
95. nd Service Manual part number 1980522 TSI Incorporated Model 3782 Water based Condensation Particle Counter Operation and Service Manual part number 1930073 TSI Incorporated Model 3785 Water based Condensation Particle Counter Operation and Service Manual part number 1933001 TSI Incorporated Model 3786 Ultrafine Water based Condensation Particle Counter Operation and Service Manual part number 1930072 TSI Incorporated Model 3010 Condensation Particle Counter Instruction Manual part number 1933010 TSI Incorporated Model 3022A Condensation Particle Counter Instruction Manual part number 1933763 TSI Incorporated xix Q Model 3025A Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter Instruction Manual part number 1933762 TSI Incorporated Getting Help To obtain assistance with this product or to submit suggestions please contact TSI Incorporated Particle Instruments 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 USA Fax 651 490 3824 Telephone 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 E mail technical service tsi com Submitting Comments TSI values your comments and suggestions on this manual Please use the comment sheet on the last page of this manual to send us your opinion on the manual s usability to suggest specific improvements or to report any technical errors If the comment sheet has already been used please mail fax or email your comments on another sheet of paper to TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Roa
96. nnected by a tube on the outside of the Classifier Connect the Flowmeter Standard to the Sheath Flow port fitting on the Classifier Set Raw Sheath Flow on the Classifier front panel screen to 2 L min and wait for the flow to stabilize Take 5 samples and average them Record the raw flow Qraw and flowmeter Qcal readings Repeat step 7 for 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 L min Repeat step 7 for 20 L min if possible If this flow cannot be reached use 19 L min instead for a total of 10 data points Enter the data into the EC program Figure D 6 under Sheath Flow Calibration tab and click on the Set Calibration button which calibrates the instrument Exit the Sheath Calibration Screen on the Classifier and close the software window Recheck the sheath flow dialed in on the main Classifier display screen with an external flowmeter Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Electrostatic Classifier Software Status Setup Calibration Communications About Raw Measured Calculated Funng Sheath Flow Flow Flow Error __ pm Ip ipm 9 1 20 2 18 3 16 lat 14 i 5 12 4 L 6 10 7 8 r J 8 6 EmL 9 4 T T 10 2 4 gt Sheath Peres Presse ne impacto Flow Set Calbration Save Load Pret Figure D 6 Sheath Flow Calibration Bypass Air Calibration 1 Select MENU from the main screen on the fr
97. nput on the back panel or using a computer and the serial port From the front panel the voltage is set by following these steps 1 Turn on the Classifier and rotate the control knob to highlight the DMA Voltage pane on the display Click the control knob by pushing in 3 Scroll by rotating the control knob with your index finger until the correct voltage is indicated and then click the selection Traditionally a voltage was set to select a particle size for the output of the DMA The voltage was then converted to a particle size based on the voltage flow rate and other parameters see Chapter 5 However with the microprocessor in the Classifier the Particle Diameter can be set directly Simply set the particle diameter in the same way that DMA Voltage is set The corresponding voltage is calculated and set automatically Note that a sheath flow must be set before a particle diameter can be entered Otherwise an error message no flowrate selected comes up in the Particle Diameter pane This method is suitable for both the default negative HV controller and the optional positive HV controller See Chapter 3 High Voltage Controller for more information Differential Mobility Analyzer The Model 3080 Classifier can accommodate two different models of DMAs as well as three custom units Once the DMA has been mounted and the tubing and high voltage connections made the model has to be entered using the front panel displ
98. ns as the setup program runs When setup is complete you should read the readme htm file The readme htm file contains information that could not be included in this manual If you decide not to read this file immediately you can access the file later using a browser such as Windows Explorer 5 When the installation program finishes remove the CD ROM The calibration software requires that an unused serial port from your computer be connected to the Model 3080 Classifier using the serial cable and adapter if needed provided in the accessory kit Connect the cable power up the Classifier and then run the D 1 software by double clicking on the Electrostatic Classifier software icon Electrostatic Classifier Software Current Readings C Single Blower Dual Blower Status Setup Calibration Communications About Absolute Pressure 983 90 mbar Particle Diarneter Memo lend nur 235 Sheath Flow 9 dose 243 Bypass Flow Disabled orem ON 6 2855E 5 Voltage Mode Impactor Panel C Analog que Flow Sheath Flow Mode Size cm ss Serial No ES Figure D 1 Electrostatic Classifier Calibration Software Startup Screen When the software starts you should see a screen similar to that shown in Figure D 1 If you get an error message like that shown in Figure D 2 check the serial cable connection or try setting the software to another available serial port using the tab shown in Figure D 3
99. nsport diffusion coagulation nucleation and condensation Q Particle charge and electrical mobility studies OQ Filter media tests for filter efficiency Q Calibration of particle instruments such as optical particle counters enhancing the monodispersity of polystyrene latex PSL or other aerosols by removing residue particles and multiplets When used in a TSI SMPS spectrometer to offer high resolution sizing of submicrometer particles Q Aerosol research including nucleation and condensation studies Atmospheric and climate studies Nanotechnology research and materials synthesis Combustion and engine exhaust studies D D oO D Characterization of sprays powders and other generated aerosols and much more When used in tandem Measuring small and large changes in particle size due to coagulation evaporation condensation humidification and chemical reactions When used with a TSI Model 3068B Aerosol Electrometer Primary size and concentration calibration of Condensation Particle Counters and other aerosol instruments How the Classifier Operates The Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier consists primarily of a Kr 85 bipolar charger to neutralize the charges on particles a controller to control flows and high voltage and a Differential Mobility Analyzer DMA which separates particles based on their electrical mobility Product Overview 1 3 Polydisperse submicrometer aerosol passes through a radio
100. odel 3081 For the Model 3085 Dual Blower mode can also be used to boost the sheath flow rate up to 20 L min to narrow down DMA transfer function and reduce diffusion losses The maximum sheath flow rate is 15 L min in Single Blower mode for the Model 3085 Nano DMA Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Sheath Flow Rate This selection also available from the main screen allows you to set the sheath flow rate from O off to 15 L min in Single Blower mode and from O off to 20 L min in Dual Blower mode Note that it requires operating in Dual Blower mode to reach 15 L min with the Model 3081 Long DMA and 20 L min with the Model 3085 Nano DMA see above Bypass Flow Rate The bypass flow rate also viewable from the main screen is disabled in Dual Blower mode see above In Single Blower mode the range of bypass flows is from 0 off to 15 L min This flow is most useful with the Model 3085 Nano DMA for providing higher flow to the inlet of the DMA to reduce diffusion losses DMA Model The DMA models available from this menu include the standard TSI models Model 3081 Long DMA and Model 3085 Nano DMA Selection of these models corresponds to parameters that are included in the calculation of particle size vs flow rate and voltage Three other DMA models can be selected Custom DMA 1 Custom DMA 2 and Custom DMA 3 Parameters for these custom DMAs must be downloaded using the serial commands described
101. of the collector rod see Figure B 3 and Figure B 4 The location of the precipitating particles depends on the particle electrical mobility Z the Classifier flow rates and the Classifier geometry Particles with a high electrical mobility are precipitated along the upper portion of the rod particles with a low electrical mobility are collected on the lower portion of the rod Particles within a narrow range of electrical mobility exit with the monodisperse air flow q through a small slit located at the bottom of the collector rod These particles are transferred to a particle sensor to determine the particle concentration The remaining particles are removed from the Classifier via the excess air flow qe continued on next page Theory of Operation B 5 B 6 Sheath Air In Polydisperse Aerosol In Controller Platform High voltage Rod Sensor ALLTEL Flowmeter Monodisperse Aerosol Out Figure B 3 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Long DMA Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Controller Platform Polydisperse Aerosol In Polydisperse Fy ta In y Flow Straightener Flowmeter Monodis Aerosol Out Figure B 4 Flow Schematic for the Electrostatic Classifier with Nano DMA in Single Blower Mode continued on next page Theory of Operation B 7 Controller Platform Control disperse In J l Flow Straightener Monodisperse
102. ommands as well as signal connections DC Power Out The DC power connector is a quarter turn quick connect power connector It is intended to be used to power an external auxiliary device using 24 VDC at no more than 0 2 Amps Contact TSI for more information on using this connector to power an external device Analog Input This BNC connector is used to control the high voltage setting for the DMA using an external analog signal This signal is typically provided by a Condensation Particle Counter CPC in a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS system A 0 10V signal corresponds to a high voltage setting of 0 10 000V when the front panel is set for Analog Control The side panel shown in Figure 3 3 includes plumbing connections for the sheath and bypass air flows impactor pressure tap connections aerosol neutralizer output and high voltage connector for a DMA Polydisperse Flow Fitting The Polydisperse Flow fitting provides a 4 in tube connection from the exit of the neutralizer chamber This is where aerosol exits the neutralizer and is usually connected to the inlet of the DMA The connection can be made with flexible conductive tubing or with Swagelok type connections and rigid conductive tubing Control Indicators and Connectors 3 5 3 6 Exhaust Flow Fitting The Exhaust Flow fitting is a in straight fitting that allows connections for the bypass air exiting the Classifier for the Nano DMA or for the sheath air
103. on which interferes with high voltage For this reason TSI recommends the Dacron screen be thoroughly cleaned It is only necessary to clean or replace the screen if you have an arcing problem Arcing may happen at high voltages near 10 000 V If there is an arcing problem a particle size distribution shows particles at the upper size limit of a scan with a HEPA filter in front of the 3080 Classifier 1 To remove the collector rod follow the steps in Cleaning the Nano DMA Electrodes 2 Loosen the retaining ring with the tool provided in the Nano DMA accessory kit and separate the inlet cone sheath Maintenance and Service 6 9 6 10 assembly and outer housing Figure 6 6 Be careful not to damage the sharp edge at the bottom of the sheath assembly Retaining Ring Retaining Inlet Cone i Screw Sheath Assembly Upper Insulator Dacron Screen Sheath Cone M Figure 6 6 Replacing Cleaning the Dacron Screen 3 The sheath assembly must be separated to remove the Dacron screen Remove the retaining screw from the sheath cone using the opposite side of the same tool used in step 2 The upper insulator is pressed into the sheath cone to maintain good alignment of the center rod This means that the insulator has to be pressed out from below by pushing on the Dacron screen Orient the sheath cone so that the sharp edge is pointed upward Place the cone in a press and support it by the outer edges Usin
104. on B 5 P 2zVL ri and the mobility bandwidth AZ is da 7 AZ p Z Equation B 6 p GQ sh E where Z set mobility if q q then Z Z aerosol flow rate through the Classifier qs qp monodisperse flow rate and the polydisperse flow rate sheath air flow rate equal to excess air flow rate outer radius of annular space 1 961 cm for Long DMA 1 905 cm for Nano DMA inner radius of annular space 0 937 cm for Long DMA 0 937 cm for Nano DMA average voltage on the inner collector rod volts length between exit slit and polydisperse aerosol inlet 44 369 cm for Long DMA 4 987 cm for Nano DMA gap spacing between plates qa sh Nt noH ot Ti C xl T b Equations B 4 and B 5 can be combined to give an equation that relates the particle diameter to collector rod voltage number of charges on the particle Classifier flow rate and geometry for the Long DMA or Nano DMA Dp _ 2neV L 7 Equation B 7 34d sh In ry The length measurement is based on the geometrical value of the distance between the vertical midpoint of the inlet slit and the midpoint of the exit slit Traditionally a value of 44 44 cm has been used Kinney et al 1991 suggests using a value of 43 6 cm as an effective length to account for entrance and exit effects TSI firmware and software uses the value of 44 369 since this is a physically verifiable number Theory of Operation B 13 B 14 Figure B 7
105. on on Aerosol Particles in a Bipolar Ionic Atmosphere Geophys Pura Appl 56 185 Hewitt G W 1957 Trans Am Inst Elect Engrs 76 300 Hinds W C 1982 Aerosol Technology Properties Behavior and Measurement of Airborne Particles New York John Wiley amp Sons p 114 Hoppel W A 1978 Determination of the Aerosol Size Distribution from the Mobility Distribution of Charged Fraction of Aerosols Journal of Aerosol Sci 9 41 54 Hussin A H G Scheibel K H Becker and J Porstend rfer 1983 Bipolar Diffusion Charging of Aerosol Particles I Experimental Results Within the Diameter Range of 4 30 nm Journal of Aerosol Science 14 671 Theory of Operation B 15 B 16 Kim J H G W Mulholland S R Kukuck and D Y H Pui 2005 Slip Correction Measurements of Certified PSL Nanoparticles Using a Nanometer Differential Mobility Analyzer Nano DMA for Knudsen Number From 0 5 to 83 Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 110 1 31 54 Kinney P D D Y H Pui G W Mulholland and N P Breyer 1991 Use of the Electrostatic Classification Method to Size 0 1 pm SRM Particles A Feasibility Study Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 96 147 Knutson E O and K T Whitby 1975 Aerosol Classification by Electric Mobility Apparatus Theory and Applications Journal of Aerosol Science 6 443 Liu B Y H and D Y H
106. onnector on back of Classifier C 2 pin designations C 2 service 6 1 returning Classifier 6 21 set auxiliary output C 11 set bypass flow rate command C 8 set calibration D 6 D 9 set calibration button D 10 set calibration bypass parameter A command C 10 set calibration bypass parameter B command C 11 set calibration impactor parameter A command C 11 set calibration impactor parameter B command C 11 set command C 4 set DMA parameter C 12 set flow calibration algorithm C 8 set flow calibration table C 8 set flow calibration table correct C 9 set flow mode command C 8 set offset bit value of flow sensor C 10 set or read impactor serial number C 9 set particle diameter command C 7 set sheath flow calibration parameter A command C 10 set sheath flow calibration parameter B command C 10 set sheath flow rate command C 8 set voltage mode command C 7 setting up the Classifier 2 1 setup tab D 5 sheath air 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 sheath air flow controller 5 7 sheath flow A 1 D 6 calibration D 7 sheath flow calibration D 6 sheath flow controller 3 9 sheath flow fitting 3 6 sheath flow mode 5 2 sheath flow port 2 11 2 14 2 16 Index 5 sheath flow rate 5 3 5 5 sheath air calibration D 5 side panel 3 5 side support bracket 2 10 signal connections RS 232 configurations C 2 single blower mode 2 14 2 15 5 2 excess flow fitting 3 6 exhaust flow fitting 3 6 SMP
107. ont panel display of the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier Select Flow Calibration Select Bypass Flow Set Raw Bypass Flow to OFF 0 00 LPM and wait 60 seconds until flow has completely stopped 5 Make sure that Exhaust Flow and Excess Flow port fittings are connected by a tube on the outside of the Classifier 6 Connect the Flowmeter Standard to the Sheath Flow port fitting on the Classifier 7 Set Bypass Flow to 2 L min and wait for the flow to stabilize Take five 5 samples and average them Record the Pressure drop dP and flowmeter Qcal readings 8 Repeat step 7 for 4 6 8 10 12 14 and 16 L min for a total of 8 data points Classifier Calibration D 7 9 Enter the data into the EC program under Bypass Flow Calibration tab Figure D 7 and click on the Set Calibration button 10 Exit the Bypass Calibration Screen on the Classifier and close the software window Electrostatic Classifier Software gt 4 Status Setup Calibration Communications About Raw Ontice Measured Calculated Fanng Bypass Flow Pressure Drop Flow Flow Error ipm mmH20 ipm ipm 1 16 14 3 12 4 w 5 8 6 6 7 4 g 2 4 Kem Pypars Pow erect non Set Calibration Save Load Print Figure D 7 Bypass Flow Calibration Tab Impactor Calibration 1 Select MENU from the main screen on the front panel display of the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier 2 Select
108. or from the sheath core and then unscrew the sheath cone from the sheath core 6 The Dacron screen is located inside the lower portion of the sheath cone and is easily removed for cleaning 7 To clean the Dacron screen use tweezers to dip the screen into a clean beaker filled with isopropyl alcohol Repeat three times 8 The screen must be dry before the Electrostatic Classifier will operate correctly You can air dry the screen or use a very light flow of filtered compressed air 9 Reassemble unit Maintenance and Service 6 5 Retaining d Ring Sheath Sheath 9 Assembly 49 Upper Insulator Dacron Screen Sheath il i Cone 0 eZ Figure 6 3 Cleaning Replacing Model 3081 Dacron Screen Cleaning the Nano DMA Electrodes M High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source to the Classifier and unplug the high voltage cable from the Classifier to the DMA before disassembling the DMA or performing maintenance procedures To clean the inner rod and inside of the outer tube follow these steps and refer to Figure 6 4 1 Switch the Classifier off and unplug the power cord 6 6 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers 2 Disconnect the high voltage connector marked HIGH VOLTAGE OUT FOR DMA ONLY on the side of the Classifier 3 Disconnect all of the tubing between the Classifier and the DMA 4 Remove the DMA from the Classifier
109. ory 1 4 B 1 impactor theory B 2 in aerosol generation system 1 2 in particle sizing system 1 2 indicators 3 1 3 3 installation impactor 2 6 2 8 Kr 85 2 4 2 5 2 6 Model 3081 Long DMA 2 9 mounting bracket 2 10 Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 12 internal components 3 7 LCD display 3 2 5 2 maintenance 6 1 menu 5 1 5 2 bypass flow rate 5 3 cabinet temperature 5 3 diagnostic 5 4 3 8 Classifier menu continued display brightness 5 4 DMA mode 5 3 exit 5 2 firmware version 5 4 flow calibration 5 4 impactor 5 3 power up with 5 3 sheath flow mode 5 2 sheath flow rate 5 3 structure quick reference 5 5 Model 3081 Long DMA cleaning Dacron Screen 6 5 cleaning electrodes 6 3 Model 3085 Nano DMA cleaning Dacron screen 6 9 cleaning electrodes 6 6 tubing 2 14 mounting 2 2 Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 13 moving 2 2 multifunction pane 5 6 operation 1 3 5 1 overview 1 1 packing list 2 1 particle diameter 5 6 power connection 2 3 redesign 1 4 returning for service 6 21 schematic 3 8 service 6 1 setting up 2 1 sheath flow rate 5 5 side panel 3 5 specifications A 1 controller platform A 1 A 2 Model 3080N A 3 specifications for 3080L A 2 theory of operation B 1 B 4 tubing 2 11 unpacking 2 1 ventilation 2 3 weight xv cleaning Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer 6 11 Model 3081 Long DMA Dacron screen 6 5 Model 3081 Long DMA Electrodes 6 3 Model 3085 Nano DMA Dacron screen 6 9 Mo
110. pactor Nozzle Flow Range L min Nozzle Size cm 0 2 to 0 8 0 0457 0 3 to 1 0 0 0508 0 6 to 2 1 0 071 The nozzle size and flow rate determine the largest particle size that can be sampled within each SMPS measuring size range For best results use Table 5 3 to determine the correct nozzle to use for the flow you set Each nozzle is interchangeable and can be screwed into the impactor body with a gasket to seal the thread Using the Multifunction pane in the display you can view the sample flow rate directly from the pressure drop measured across the impactor The Classifier stores an internal calibration curve for each impactor size and serial number To change the impactor follow the steps below 1 Turn on the Classifier and rotate the control knob to highlight the Menu pane on the display 2 Click the control knob by pushing in This should bring up the menu 3 Scroll by rotating the control knob until Impactor is highlighted and then click the selection 4 Select the impactor size and serial number corresponding to the impactor physically installed and click the selection 5 Scroll the menu up or down to Exit and click When you have selected a nozzle size you need to physically install it see Chapter 2 Sheath Air Flow Controller Traditionally most DMAs have been set up with four flows polydisperse sheath excess and monodisperse Managing all of these flows can be a daunting task requiring severa
111. plug the power source before removing the covers or performing maintenance procedures Labels The Classifier Platform has the ten labels shown in Figure S 1 They are described below starting from the upper left and moving counter clockwise 1 Danger High Voltage Label interior on the high voltage feedback module 2 High Voltage Symbol Label above the high voltage output connector side of cabinet 3 Serial Number Label back of cabinet Caution No Serviceable Parts Label back of cabinet XV Customer Service Label back of cabinet High Voltage Symbol Label interior on power entry module Ground Symbol Label interior bottom next to ground stud on Oo a High Voltage Symbol Label interior on high voltage inverter for display 9 Flag up Label top outside cover 10 High Voltage Symbol Label interior on high voltage power supply l Figure S 1 Location of Warning and Information Labels xvi Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Lifting Caution The Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier is a heavy instrument The Classifier alone weighs 17 6 kg 38 9 Ibs and with a DMA attached can weigh as much as 23 2 kg 51 2 Ibs The weight can be unbalanced especially with a DMA attached To protect your back when lifting Get help from another person to move the instrument Transport the instrument on a cart whenever possible Carry the DMA and Classifier separately Lift with your legs w
112. power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures 6 12 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers There are three filters in the Classifier two in the Sheath Air line before and after the pump and one in the Bypass Air line before the pump The cartridges in both filters require periodic replacement see Periodic Maintenance earlier in this chapter To replace the filter cartridges refer to Figure 6 8 and follow the steps below 1 Disconnect the electric power cable and remove the cabinet cover by loosening the seven 7 screws on the side panels securing the cover the screws do not have to be removed 2 Remove the filter assembly support screw from the upper left strut in the cabinet 3 Loosen the two thumb nuts on the top of the filter assembly 4 Raise the upper assembly about 2 inch 12 mm 5 Replace the filter cartridges making sure that the O rings are in place on the top and bottom filter manifolds Observe the correct filter orientation arrows as shown in Figure 6 8 Figure 6 8 Replacing Classifier Filters 6 Push the top manifold back down over the filters and tighten the thumbnuts evenly 7 Replace the filter assembly support screw in the upper left strut in the cabinet 8 Replace the instrument cover Maintenance and Service 6 13 9 Leak test the instrument see Testing for Leaks in Chapter 7 Replacement filter cartridges can be reo
113. r B SCI2Ax Set Cal Impactor 2 Parameter A SCI2Bx Set Cal Impactor 2 Parameter B SCISAx Set Cal Impactor 3 Parameter A SCI3Bx Set Cal Impactor 3 Parameter B SAOx Set Auxiliary Output SFCx Set Flow Calibration Algorithm SCTw x y z Set Calibration Table SCTCx Set Calibration Table Correct SDMAx y z Set DMA Parameter SISx y Set Impactor Serial Number SOVx Set Offset Values Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Table C 2 Troubleshooting Input Use Table C 2 as a troubleshooting guide Troubleshooting Serial Commands Symptom Possible Problem Refer to Error message after pressing lt Enter gt An invalid command command does not exist An invalid parameter which includes too many parameters or a parameter that is out of range Incorrect syntax Detailed description of the commands in this section The command description shows the range and an example No response after pressing lt Enter gt Serial cable Check the cable and the cable connection See Chapter 2 Unpacking and Setting Up the System Incorrect COM port Check the COM port specified in the software Incorrect baud rate Software must be set at 9600 Baud 7E1 Also check computer hardware RS 232 chip on the Classifier Contact TSI Refer to Technical Contacts in Chapter 6 Classifier is locked up Remove power from the Classifier then apply power to the instrument If the
114. r otherwise damage the mobility analyzer assembly contact TSI to discuss repairs 11 Carefully reassemble the center rod and outer tube and leak test the unit see Testing for Leaks in Chapter 7 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Cleaning the Long DMA Dacron Screen The Dacron screen P N 1030389 located at the top of the annulus assembly can become contaminated and contribute to arcing An extra Dacron screen is included in the accessory kit for cases where the Dacron screen has been burned out from extensive contamination which interferes with high voltage For this reason TSI recommends the Dacron screen be thoroughly cleaned However it is only necessary to clean or replace the screen if you have an arcing problem Arcing may happen at high voltages near 10 000 V If there is an arcing problem a particle size distribution from an SMPS shows particles at the upper size limit of a scan with a HEPA filter in front of the 3080 Classifier 1 To remove the collector rod follow the steps in Cleaning the Long DMA Electrodes 2 Hold the center collector rod at the top and the bottom and unscrew the collector rod from the top portion Figure 6 3 Carefully separate the collector rod from the top 3 Remove the black top of the upper assembly by loosening the set screw in the top and then loosening knurled retaining ring 4 Remove the sheath assembly from the other components Carefully pull the upper insulat
115. rameter B Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCBBx Set Calibration Bypass B Parameter Set sheath flow calibration parameter SCBB1 234567e 12 Set bypass flow calibration parameter SCBB Return bypass flow calibration parameter Set Calibration Impactor Parameter A Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCIxAy Set Calibration Impactor Parameter A Set impactor flow calibration parameter A x can be 1 2 or 3 corresponding to 0 457 0 508 and 0 071 nozzles SCI1A1 234567e 12 Set impactor flow calibration parameter 1A SCIIA Return impactor flow calibration parameter 1A Set Calibration Impactor Parameter B Polynomial Flow Calibration Algorithm SCIxBy Set Calibration Impactor Parameter B Set impactor flow calibration parameter B x can be 1 2 or 3 corresponding to 0 457 0 508 and 0 071 nozzles SCIIB1 234567e 12 Set impactor flow calibration parameter 1B SCI1B Return impactor flow calibration parameter 1B Set Auxiliary Output SAOx Set Auxiliary Output SAOO Set auxiliary output to x 0 O volt x 1 5 volt SAO Return auxiliary input status 0 O volt 1 5 volt Using Serial Data Commands C 11 C 12 Set DMA Parameter SDMAxyz SDMAxSz SDMAxIz SDMAxOz SDMAxLz SDMAx Set DMA parameter Set Set Set Set Return style z for DMA x 1 lt x lt 5 z 0 DMA data not available z 1 cylindrical DMA inner diameter for DMA x in mm outer diameter for DMA x
116. ration Save Load Pret Figure D 8 Impactor Calibration Tab Classifier Calibration D 9 13 Repeat steps 6 to 12 for the 0 0508 and 0 071 cm nozzles by selecting those sizes from the Impactor Nozzle Type drop down box 14 The calibration file can be saved by pressing the Save button But saving the file is not required for this calibration procedure 15 Exit the Sheath Calibration Screen on the Classifier and close the software window Working with Calibration Files In the calibration screen there are four buttons that are used to work with the calibration files Set Calibration Save Load and Print The buttons are used as follows Set Calibration Use the Set Calibration button to send the calibration settings to the Classifier as discussed previously in this appendix Save Use the Save button to write out all of the calibration values for the Sheath Bypass or Impactor flows into a file Load Use the Load button to load a previously saved calibration from a file into the program Print Use the Print button to print the calibration tables on a single page in landscape mode D 10 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Index A AC power connector 3 3 AC power in connection 2 3 acetyl plastic spacer Black Delrin 4 1 advantages 1 2 aerosol A 1 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 aerosol electrometer 1 3 aerosol generation system 1 2 aerosol inlet 3 2 Ae
117. rdered under TSI P N 1602051 or directly from the manufacturer see filter case for current part number Flowmeters The flowmeter in the sheath air loop is protected by a HEPA filter at all times Therefore it does not require cleaning In the event the flowmeter becomes contaminated please contact TSI for service The flowmeter may require recalibration periodically See Appendix D for calibration instructions The Bypass flowmeter orifice also does not normally require maintenance It can be cleaned if necessary However this requires removing the filter assembly and is beyond the scope of this manual Please contact TSI for assistance The bypass orifice flowmeter also may require recalibration periodically See Appendix D for calibration instructions Replacing the EPROM Normally the EPROM should not need to be replaced However updates may be required to add functions features or to correct bugs in the firmware In this case EPROM replacement may be required This service should only be performed by a qualified electronics technician observing ESD precautions High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the power source before removing the cover or performing maintenance procedures Caution The electronic circuits within this instrument are susceptible to electro static discharge ESD damage Use ESD precautions to avoid damage Q Use only a table top with a ground
118. rom the DMA 7 1 7 2 Plug all ports on the DMA except for the Monodisperse Flow port Connect a pressure gauge or manometer between the Monodisperse Flow port and a leak tight valve The valve should be closed Connect the valve to a vacuum source or a vacuum pump capable of drawing 18 in Hg vacuum Turn on the vacuum pump or vacuum system and slowly open the valve Allow the vacuum gauge reading to become stable and then close the valve Observe the gauge reading The reading should not change by more than 0 1 in Hg in 5 minutes If the DMA does leak follow the steps below under Isolating Leaks It is much easier to leak check the Model 3080 Classifier by breaking the process down into three subsystems Sheath flow path the Bypass flow path and the aerosol flow path To leak check the Sheath flow path follow these steps 1 2 Plug the EXCESS FLOW port on the Classifier Connect a pressure gauge or manometer between the SHEATH FLOW port and a leak tight valve The valve should be closed Connect the valve to a vacuum source or a vacuum pump capable of drawing 18 in Hg vacuum Turn on the vacuum pump or vacuum system and slowly open the valve Allow the vacuum gauge reading to become stable and then close the valve Observe the gauge reading The reading should not change by more than 0 1 in Hg in 5 minutes If the Sheath air plumbing does leak follow the steps below under Isolating Leaks
119. rosol Neutralizer warning 2 5 aerosol pressure range A 1 aerosol research 1 3 aerosol temperature range A 1 analog control 3 5 analog input 3 5 5 9 analog input connector 2 4 applications 1 3 atmospheric studies 1 3 axisymmetric aerosol flow 4 4 B back panel 3 3 3 4 baud rate C 3 bubble flowmeter D 5 bypass 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 bypass flow 2 15 A 1 D 9 calibration tab D 8 bypass flow controller 3 9 bypass flow fitting 3 6 bypass flow port 2 11 2 15 2 16 bypass flow rate 5 3 bypass flowmeter 6 14 bypass air calibration D 7 c cabinet temperature 5 3 calibration bypass air D 7 Classifier D 1 sheath air D 5 using software D 3 calibration files working with D 10 calibration software setup D 1 calibration software continued startup screen D 2 caution xiii 2 2 6 4 6 8 6 9 description xv electronic circuits 6 14 high voltage cable 2 17 solvents 6 11 symbol xvi charging theory B 8 chemical reactions 1 3 Classifier AC power connector 3 3 advantages 1 2 aerosol inlet 3 2 analog input connector 2 4 back panel 3 3 3 4 bottom view 2 3 calibration D 1 bypass air D 7 sheath air D 5 calibration software D 1 using D 3 connecting computer 2 4 connectors 3 1 controls 3 1 DC power input 3 description 1 1 3 display 5 1 DMA 5 9 DMA using different 4 1 DMA voltage 5 6 front panel 3 1 high voltage connection 2 17 high voltage controller 5 9 hist
120. rst powered the bottom line of the 11 12 front panel display shows High Voltage Check In process The 3080 first looks for the default negative HV controller and a relay click indicates the 3080 is not able to find the negative HV controller and start to look for the positive HV controller After the 3080 finds and checks the positive HV controller the front panel display shows High Voltage Check Passed Now the 3080 Classifier is ready to be used to size classify negatively charged particles Note When 3080 Classifier is used as part of a TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS spectrometer and the Aerosol Instrument Manager software is used to collect particle size distribution data the corresponding HV controller should be selected in the properties tab in the software in order to use the correct charge efficiency file for the size distribution See the software manual for details The same procedures can be followed to install the default negative HV controller back to the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier Be sure to use the top slot on the electrical board and select the right HV controller in the software for the negative HV controller Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Technical Contacts O If you have any difficulty setting up or operating the Classifier or if you have technical or application questions about this system contact an applications engineer at TSI Incorporated 1 800 874 2811 USA or 65
121. rticle Counter in a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer SMPS system Computer Although normally only necessary for instrument calibration at the factory it is possible to communicate directly with the Classifier using a computer Refer to Appendix C for detailed information on communicating with the instrument Kr 85 Bipolar Charger The Kr 85 neutralizer is shipped separately because of regulations that govern packaging requirements for radioactive materials Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers The Model 3077A 3077 Aerosol Neutralizer which is installed inside the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier contains radioactive material that is subject to the regulations of the U S Nuclear Regulatory Commission and local regulations Carefully read the enclosed Model 3077 3077A Aerosol Neutralizers Instruction Manual to determine your legal responsibilities regarding the neutralizer Before the Classifier will operate the neutralizer must be installed according to the following steps 1 Remove the two screws securing the neutralizer outlet block on the top of the instrument and remove the block by lifting it up using the 4 in exit tube Figure 2 2 Installation of Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer 2 Inspect the 4 in tubes on the neutralizer to make sure that the ends do not have sharp edges If the outer edges of the ends are sharp they will cut the O ring seals in the Classifier and cause a leak
122. rypton 85 neutralizer can be used to neutralize the aerosol The Model 3077 has exactly the same dimensions as the Model 3077A so it fits in the neutralizer chamber as well The Model 3077 has five times less intensity 2 millicurie Control Indicators and Connectors 3 9 3 10 instead of 10 millicurie as that of the 3077A so it is sufficient enough to achieve charge equilibrium for low concentration aerosols for example ambient aerosols High Voltage Controller The High Voltage controller provides a charge on the center rod of the DMA This high voltage is controlled by the microprocessor based on the desired setting from the front panel and monitored by a sensitive high voltage divider The default High Voltage controller is with negative polarity so positive particles are selected by the DMA An optional positive polarity High Voltage controller is available through TSI part number 1030354 for selecting negative particles Refer to Chapter 6 Replace Negative High Voltage Controller with Positive High Voltage Controller for details Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers CHAPTER 4 DMAs Using Different Models with the Classifier This chapter describes the Differential Mobility Analyzers DMA that can be used with the Electrostatic Classifier These DMAs consist of the Model 3081 Long DMA and Model 3085 Nano DMA Custom DMAs can also be used with the 3080 Electrostatic Classifier but they are not described here
123. s allows you to adjust the brightness of the LCD display for best viewing The brightness may have to be adjusted if you alter the lighting in the room dramatically that is nighttime lighting vs bright daylight The setting varies from 1 to 10 and the display is immediately updated The brightness may also be reduced to increase the lifetime of the fluorescent backlight Flow Calibration This menu accesses further menus to aid in calibrating the Sheath Flow Bypass Flow and Impactor Flows This menu is addressed further in Appendix D Classifier Calibration Diagnostic The Diagnostic menu item toggles between normal display operation and a diagnostic display which shows additional troubleshooting information such as digital to analog converter values It is normally used only for troubleshooting and produces a cluttered main screen Firmware Version This read only item shows the current firmware version installed in the Classifier continued on next page Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Table 5 2 Classifier Menu Structure Quick Reference Exit Sheath Flow Mode Single Blower Dual Blower Sheath Flow Rate 0 off to 15 0 L min in Single Blower mode 0 off to 20 0 L min in Dual Blower mode Bypass Flow Rate Disabled in Dual Blower mode 0 off to 15 0 L min in Single Blower mode DMA Model Model 3081 Model 3085 Custom DMA 1 Custom DMA 2 Custom DMA 3 Impactor Pres
124. splay 7 Click the control knob by pushing in This should bring up the menu 8 Scroll by rotating the control knob until Impactor is highlighted and then click the selection 9 Select the impactor size corresponding to the impactor physically installed and click the selection 10 Scroll the menu up to Exit and click to exit the menu Installing Model 3081 Long DMA If your order included a Long DMA it will be shipped separately from the Classifier and must be assembled to the Classifier before use The following section describes how to mount the Long DMA and install plumbing Long DMA Mounting The Classifier uses a quick connect bracket to mount any of the two TSI DMAs This mount provides physical support for the DMA as well as electrical grounding for safety If for any reason you operate the Classifier with a DMA that is not installed in the mounting bracket you must connect the base of the DMA to the chassis of the Classifier with a ground strap or provide independent earth grounding to the DMA for safety The mounting bracket has a spring loaded locking mechanism that holds the base of the DMA securely To install the DMA use the following steps 1 Place the base of the DMA down into the middle of the mounting plate on the Classifier as shown in Figure 2 6 2 Slide the base toward the cabinet of the Classifier until you hear a click If you have trouble getting the plates to slide try wiggling the DMA pl
125. ss flow D 6 D 7 D 9 excess flow fitting 3 6 excess flow port 2 11 2 14 2 16 exhaust flow D 6 D 7 D 9 exhaust flow fitting 3 6 exhaust flow port 2 11 2 15 2 17 3 6 exit 5 2 F filter cartridges replacing 6 13 filter efficiency 1 3 firmware version 5 4 flow calibration 5 4 D 5 flow range for impactor 2 7 flow rate A 1 3080L A 2 3080N A 3 flowmeter 6 14 bypass 6 14 front panel 3 1 front panel display A 1 G ground wire location 6 9 H help xviii high voltage out for DMA only 3 7 high voltage supply 3 10 high voltage check 6 20 high voltage connection 2 17 high voltage out for dma only socket 2 17 high voltage controller 3 10 4 2 5 9 6 17 electrical board 6 19 installed 6 20 location in 3080 6 17 removing 6 19 replacing 6 18 history B 1 Classifier 1 4 humidification 1 3 HV controller see high voltage controller l J impactor 3 9 5 3 5 7 cleaning 6 2 cut point B 4 cylinder 2 9 flow range for each orifice 5 7 inlet 2 7 2 9 installation 2 6 2 8 orifice 2 7 theory B 2 tubing 3 2 impactor calibration tab D 9 impactor high low 3 7 impactor inlet D 9 impactor installed on inlet B 3 impactor size D 9 indicators 3 1 3 3 inertial impactor B 3 installation impactor 2 8 Kr 85 2 5 2 6 Model 3081 Long DMA 2 9 Model 3085 Nano DMA 2 12 mounting bracket 2 13 internal components 3 7 isolating leaks 7 3 K Kr 85 Bipolar Charger
126. step possible is 10 000 65535 0 1526 volt Particle Diameter The Particle Diameter is calculated based on voltage DMA type flow rate temperature pressure and a single charge assumption However a powerful feature of the Classifier controller is that you can directly enter a particle diameter and the nearest voltage setting will be appeared in the voltage pane and the DMA voltage will be controlled to this setting This allows you to easily set particle size without consulting curves or tables Multifunction Pane The multifunction pane as the name suggests provides a variety of read only secondary information By pressing on the control knob in this pane you can rotate through six different selections of information The information displayed can be locked by pressing on the control knob again The choices available are Q Bypass Flow Rate Q Absolute Pressure based on an internal pressure tap near Sheath Flow port Q Sample Flow Rate Impactor Pressure is displayed if Pressure Drop is selected from the menu Q Electrical Mobility Q Particle Size Range Q Sheath Flow Temperature Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Impactor The primary function of the impactor is to remove larger particles that carry more than a single charge However the impactor is also used as a flowmeter since the pressure drop across the impactor is proportional to the square of the flow rate Table 5 3 Flow Range for Each Im
127. sure Drop 0457 cm SN 103 0508 cm SN 125 0710 cm SN 118 Cabinet Temperature read only Power Up With Exit Current Settings Default Settings Display Brightness 0 to 10 Flow Calibration Exit Sheath Flow Bypass Flow Impactor Flow Diagnostic On Off Firmware Version read only Exit Sheath Flow Rate The Sheath Flow Rate is displayed in this pane and can be set by pressing and turning the control knob When you do this the Multifunction Pane will change to show the Particle Size Range that can be selected based on the full range of voltage setting 0 to 10 000 volts the type of DMA temperature pressure and the flow setting When you have finished setting the sheath flow the multifunction pane will return to its previous setting The sheath flow can be set to a maximum of 15 L min in Single Blower mode and 20 L min in Dual Blower mode The blower mode is set using the Menu as explained above However the Long DMA Operating the Classifier 5 5 is only able to reach 15 L min in Dual Blower mode due to the high pressure drop across it DMA Voltage The rod voltage is the primary setting that controls the particle size exiting the DMA This control can be set from O to 10 000 volts for any of the DMAs As you change the voltage setting the Particle Diameter pane is updated to reflect the calculated particle size based on voltage DMA type flow rate temperature and pressure The smallest internal digital voltage
128. t up and then loosen the two screws on the sides of the HV controller body from the mounting bracket as shown in Figure 6 11 and Figure 6 13 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Figure 6 13 Removing High Voltage Controller 4 Grab the sides of the HV controller body and pull it slowly away from the electrical board until it is fully removed Figure 6 14 shows the electrical board after the HV controller is removed Positive HV Controller Slot Figure 6 14 Electrical Board After High Voltage Controller is Removed 5 Push in the positive HV controller onto the electrical board with the line of seven pins seat in the bottom horizontal slot on the board and two side pins seat in the vertical slot on the board Note The default negative HV controller seats into the top horizontal slot while the optional positive HV controller seats into the bottom horizontal slot 6 Fix the HV controller onto the electrical board by fastening the two screws back into the mounting bracket 7 Connect the HV controller connector onto the white post on the left side of the electrical board Figure 6 15 shows the positive HV controller after it is installed Maintenance and Service 6 19 6 20 Figure 6 15 Optional Positive High Voltage Controller Installed 8 9 Put the instrument cover back on and tighten the seven 7 screws to fix the cover Plug in the power cable and turn on the instrument 10 When the instrument is fi
129. ter and then shake it This could cause sufficient mechanical shock to damage the krypton source causing it to leak Instead allow water to flow through the Neutralizer To clean the Model 3077A 3077 Neutralizer refer to Figure 6 7 and follow the steps below 1 Switch the Classifier off and unplug the power cord 2 Remove the two screws securing the neutralizer outlet block and remove the block by lifting it up using the 4 in Polydisperse Flow tube Maintenance and Service 6 11 Figure 6 7 Removal of Model 3077A 3077 Kr 85 Neutralizer 3 Remove the neutralizer by pulling up on the Polydisperse Flow neutralizer exit tube If the neutralizer does not move easily remove the cover on the Classifier loosen seven screws on the side panels and grip the Neutralizer body to remove it Never use pliers on the tube 4 Pour clean alcohol or water and detergent into the charger neutralizer Shake it gently Drain the liquid from the end with the longest exterior tube Repeat steps 4 and 5 several times as necessary Thoroughly rinse the inside with clean alcohol Poppy Thoroughly air dry the neutralizer by blowing through it with clean dry air 9 Finally reinstall it into the electrostatic Classifier see Installing the Kr 85 Bipolar Neutralizer in Chapter 2 Replacing the Filter Cartridges High voltage is accessible in several locations within this instrument Make sure you unplug the
130. the high voltage cord should be routed between the clamp and bracket but do not pinch the cable it should move freely Figure 2 8 Installing the Long DMA Side Support Bracket Tubing The Long DMA requires tubing to carry aerosol and sheath air between the Classifier and the DMA For the Long DMA two internal blowers are connected in series to provide clean sheath air up to 15 L min See Chapter 5 for more details Refer to Figure 2 9 and Table 2 3 as you follow the steps listed below to install the DMA tubing 1 The accessory kit contains flexible conductive tubing that allows you to quickly configure the Classifier for use Cut appropriate lengths of tubing as listed in Table 2 3 2 Connect tube 1 from the Classifier port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW to the DMA port marked POLYDISPERSE FLOW 3 Connect tube 2 from the Classifier port marked SHEATH FLOW to the DMA port marked SHEATH FLOW 4 Connect tube 3 from the Classifier port marked BYPASS FLOW to the DMA port marked EXCESS FLOW 5 Connect tube 4 from the Classifier port marked EXHAUST FLOW to the Classifier port marked EXCESS FLOW Unpacking and Setting up the System 2 11 Table 2 3 Tubing Connections for Model 3081 Long DMA Tube 1 2 3 4 Length 13 in 330 mm 23 in 584 mm 10 5 in 267 mm 6 5 in 165 mm Description Part No Black fits 4 in 6 35 mm fitting 3001903 Black fits in 9 5 mm fitting 3001904 Black fits
131. tions of the 3080L Electrostatic Classifier DMA included Long Model 3081 Particle type Solids and nonvolatile liquids Particle size range generation mode Adjustable from 10 to 1000 nm Maximum input concentration 10 particles cm at 10 nm Voltage 10 to 10 000 VDC Flow rates Sheath air 2 to 15 L min Dual Blower mode Aerosol 0 2 to 1 5 L min Bypass None Physical measurements Long DMA Height 61 cm 24 in Outside diameter 7 6 cm 3 in excluding ports Weight 5 4 kg 11 8 Ib Monodisperse and polydisperse aerosol ports Sheath and excess air ports l4 in OD s in OD Complete instrument Dimensions LWH 45 7 cm x 41 4 cm x 64 3 cm 18 in x 16 3 in x 25 3 in Weight 23 2 kg 51 2 Ibs Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Table A 4 Specifications of the 3080N Electrostatic Classifier DMA included Nano Model 3085 Particle type Solids and nonvolatile liquids Particle size range generation mode Adjustable from 2 to 150 nm Maximum input concentration 10 particles cm at 10 nm Voltage 10 to 10 000 VDC Flow rates Sheath air Aerosol Bypass 2 to 15 L min Single Blower mode 2 to 20 L min Dual Blower mode 0 1 to 2 L min O to 15 L min Single Blower mode with impactor inlet removed None Dual Blower mode Physical measurements Height Outside diameter Weight Polyd
132. uly 2000 C October 2000 D July 2002 E September 2002 F March 2005 G April 2006 H April 2008 J March 2009 In revision A changes were made to Chapters 3 5 and 6 Appendix B Particle Mobility Theory section and Tables B 1 and B 2 Appendix D and Appendix E schematics In Revision B TSI s Limitation of Warranty and Liability was updated In Revision C Appendixes B C and E were updated In Revision D TSI phone numbers were updated and changes were made in Chapter 4 and Appendix B In Revision E all mentions of the Model 3083 Radial DMA were removed from manual In Revision F Figure 1 1 was updated a minor error was fixed in Appendix B and Model 3080 Series was changed to Series 3080 In Revision G the word polynominal was changed to polynomial TSI customer service and technical telephone numbers were changed to 1 800 874 2811 and 490 2811 Figure 6 8 was corrected Numerous other updates were made to entire manual In Revision H the Model 3077 was changed to be optional with 3077A becoming the default The manual was also reformatted with the new TSI logo In Revision J Product Registration page was added to front of manual Part Number Copyright Address E mail Address Limitation of Warranty and Liability effective July 2000 Service Policy Warranty 1933792 Revision J March 2009 TSI Incorporated 1999 2009 All rights reserved TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 551
133. ure sensor and pressure sensor which are shown separately in Figure 3 6 The flow is monitored by the microprocessor and used to control the pump based on the desired flow rate set from the front panel The heat exchanger is used to remove heat added to the flow loop by the pump Readings from the temperature and pressure sensors are used to update the particle mobility and size displayed on the front panel display Bypass Flow Controller The bypass flow controller maintains a constant flow through the bypass flow path The flow path consists of a filter an orifice and a pump blower The pressure drop across the orifice is monitored to control the pump and maintain a constant flow For both Model 3081 Long DMA and Model 3085 Nano DMA the bypass flow loop can be connected in series with the sheath flow loop to provide higher sheath flow rate The flowmeter in the sheath flow controller loop is used for the feedback control of the total flow rate when two blowers are connected in series Neutralizer The neutralizer provides a known charge distribution on the aerosol entering the DMA The Classifier is made to accommodate a Model 3077A 3077 Krypton 85 neutralizer without having to remove the cabinet cover For more information on the neutralizer charger see Charging Theory in Appendix B The Model 3077A is a default neutralizer for the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier For aerosol at low concentrations an optional Model 3077 K
134. ve the gauge reading The reading should not change by more than 0 1 in Hg in 5 minutes If the Aerosol flow path plumbing does leak follow the steps below under Isolating Leaks Isolate the leak by wetting suspected joints with clean isopropyl alcohol while the system is under vacuum The alcohol will be drawn into a leaky joint and evaporate After isolating the leak repair it usually by greasing or replacing an O ring or by sealing a fitting Blow clean dry air through the repaired section to evaporate and remove any leftover alcohol If you cannot find the leak or cannot repair the leak please contact TSI for assistance Troubleshooting 7 3 TSI is authorized by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission to distribute these Aerosol Neutralizers If your location is within the United States no other federal license is required Check local regulations for your own protection Neutralizers are shipped separately from other system components End user name and address is required APPENDIX A Model 3080 Specifications The following specifications which are subject to change list the most important features of the Model 3080 Electrostatic Classifier and each of the DMAs Table A 1 Specifications of the 3080 Controller Platform Mode of operation Bipolar charge neutralization and differential mobility analysis requires installation of DMA Flow rates Aerosol She
135. your fingers inside the outer tube or use a soft rubber sheet to grip the polished surface do not scratch the inner finish b Pull the outer tube from the outside case 12 Wash the collector rod and the inside of the outer tube with a soft cloth soaked in alcohol or a mild solvent Avoid scratching or otherwise damaging the critical collector rod surface and the inside of the outer tube Also take care not to dent the cone edge near the top of the collector rod or the Dacron screen inside the cone If you dent scratch or otherwise damage the mobility analyzer assembly contact TSI to discuss repairs 13 Carefully reassemble the center rod and outer tube and leak test the unit see Testing for Leaks in Chapter 7 Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Grounding Figure 6 5 Location of Ground Wire Caution Make sure when you re assemble the base of the Nano DMA that the ground wire Figure 6 5 is secured by the ground set screw Figure 6 4 Use the 0 050 inch Allen wrench to tighten the set screw Failure to do this will result in improper grounding and can produce unpredictable measurements Cleaning the Nano DMA Dacron Screen The Dacron screen P N 1030389 located at the top of the annulus assembly can become contaminated and contribute to arcing An extra Dacron screen is included in the accessory kit for cases where the Dacron screen has been burned out from extensive contaminati

Series 3080 Electrostatic Classifiers Operation and Service Manual

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