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FluxManual_Ver1.10_07

1. e 9 mm mm mm kgkg m kgm CO kgm mgm CO gt kgm mgm Stefan Boltzmann 5 67051 lt 10 Wm K w ms kgm F Pa 27 365 27 366 h molmol mn 163
2. PAR umolm lt s_ PAR umolm Ss kgkg_ Wm Wm 0C Q 100 Q Wm Wm Wo Wm s s h s BER ICE It SARI h K 273 16 K K K K K K K ms ms ms Im Im 762 Zd Zf Yo Ca Gs Osat a Ci C2 j k kp ks a HHHHHH m ms g g kgkg kgkg m m m RAA EE
3. 132 136 OOOO dQ999p HHHHHHHH HHHHHHH HHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHH ed 284pp O O 124 127 Ohtani Y Mizoguchi Y Watanabe T Yasuda Y Okano M 2001 Seasonal change of CO flux above an Ea Ea JE eg evergreen needle leaf forest in temperate region Fujiyoshida Japan GER Report CGER M 011 2001 129 132 HHHHHUHHHHHHHHHHHHH 2005 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH H HHCOHHHHHHHHHUHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHH7HH 200500000 HHHH 88 O0 2002 000000000 HHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHH 22 26 0 0 0000 0000 000 0000 0000 00 VOUUOOU0U00U0U0000UD HHHHHHCO2HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHH 63 139 155 Ono K Mano M Hirata R and Miyata A 2009 A validation study of the practical corrections for sensor heating at Open path IRGA surfaces using computational fluid dynamics Proceedings of AsiaFlux Workshop 2009 Integrating Cross scale Ecosystem Knowledge Bridge and Barriers 92 HHHH HHH HHH HHHH 003 Open pathIRGAHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHH 83 339 158 HHHH Ono K Miyata A and Yamada T 2008 Apparent downward CO flux observed with open path eddy covariance over a non vegetated surface Theoretical and Applied Climatology 92 195 208 Pearman G I 1977 Further studies of the comparability of baseline atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements Tellus 29 171 181 Pearman G I Garratt J R 1975 Errors in atmospheric CO concentration measurements arising
4. CO mgm s Fy vertical flux of a trace gas mgm s F CO storage change mgm s_ Fr PAR Wm FE 4 Wm Fo PAR moms Fa moms h 6 62610 Js SAT Wm Hroay Wm Hop Wm AH SAT H Ho Wm J 1 1 1 1 12 00 J 0 5 k mV Wm ka Lt Wm 161 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH ver1 1H Ll Pc PART shave PAR teow PAR wove PAR veiow q Q Qb Ro Rioo Ra Rret ST Sl Ty u Va Wm CO kgmol kgmol kgmol Pa CO OSE Pa PAR umolm s PAR umolm lt s_
5. from the use of reference gas mixtures different in composition to the sample air Tellus 27 62 65 Rannik U Aubinet M Kurbanmuradov O Sabelfeld K K Markkanen T and Vesela T 2000 Footprint analysis for the measurements over heterogeneous forest Boundary Layer Meteorology 97 137 166 Rinne H J I Delany A C Greenberg J P and Guenther A B 2000 A true eddy accumulation system for trace gas fluxes using disjunct eddy sampling method Journal of Geophysical Research 105 24791 24798 HHHHHHHHHHHH G00 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHH HHHHH HHHHHHHH 2007HHHHHHHHH 118 119 Schmid H P 1997 Experimental design for flux measurements matching scales of observations and fluxes Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 87 2 3 179 200 Schuepp P H Leclerc M Y MacPherson J L and Desjardins R L 1990 Footprint prediction of scalar fluxes from analytical solutions of the diffusion equation Boundary Layer Meteorology 50 355 373 Serrano Ortiz P Kowalski A S Domingo F Ruiz B and Alados Arboleda L 2008 Consequences of uncertainties in CO density for estimating Net Ecosystem CO Exchange by open path eddy covariance Boundary Layer Meteorology 126 209 218 Shimizu T Suzuki M and Shimizu A 1999 Examination of a correction procedure for the flow attenuation in orthogonal sonic anemometers Boundary Layer Meteorology 93 227 236 Suyker A E and Verma S B 1993 Eddy correlation measurement of CO flux usin
6. gas analyzer wetness on eddy covariance flux measurements A proposed solution Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 148 1563 1573 155 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHYver1 1H Hignett P 1992 Corrections to temperature measurements with a sonic anemometer Boundary Layer Meteorology 61 175 187 0000 0000 2003 3 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHUHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHH AsiaFlnxHHHHHH 9 24 Hirata R Hirano T Mogami J Fujinuma Y Inukai K Saigusa N and Yamamoto S 2005 CO flux measured by an open path system over a larch forest during snow covered season Phyton 45 347 351 HOO OO 02000HHHHHHHHHHPRHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHH HH 60 25 34 Horst T W and Oncley S P 2006 Corrections to inertial range power spectra measured by CSAT3 and Solent sonic anemometers Path averaging errors Boundary Layer Meteorology 119 375 395 HOUU UUU 00U00U 0U0U0U0U 00U0U 000 0U0U00 000 0U000 0000 00 HH HHHH HHHH HHHHH 2004 2001HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CERO O HHHHHHHHHHHiHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHH 17 43 60 0000 000 0000 G00DHHHHHHHH TR 614120 00 O 000000000 0000 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH12HHHHH 1 9 Kaimal J C and Finnigan J J 1994 Atmospheric boundary layer flows Oxford Univ Press 289pp Kaimal J C Gaynor J E Zimmerman H A and Zimmermann G A 1990 Minimizing flow distortion errors in a sonic anemometer Boundary Layer Meteorology 53 103 115 Kainal J C and Gaynor J E 1991 Another look at sonic thermometry
7. 3 Horizontal and vertical advection in a sloping forest Boundary Layer Meteorology 108 397 417 Baldocchi D Falge E Gu L Olson R Hollinger D Running S Anthoni P Bernhofer Ch Davis K Evans R Fuentes J Goldstein A Katul G Law B Lee X Malhi Y Meyers T Munger W Oechel W Paw K T Pilegaard K Schmid H P Valentini R Verma S Vesala T Wilson K and Wofsy S 2001 FLUXNET a new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem scale carbon dioxide water vapor and energy flux densities Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 82 2415 2434 Baldocchi D Finnigan J Wilson K Paw U K T and Falge E 2000 On measuring net ecosystem carbon exchange over tall vegetation on complex terrain Boundary Layer Meteorology 96 257 291 Baldocchi D Valentini R Running S Oechel W and Dahlman R 1996 Strategies for measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems Global Change Biology 2 3 15 168 Burba G G Anderson D J Xu L and McDermitt D K 2005 Solving the off season uptake problem correcting fluxes measured with the LI 7500 for the effects of instrument surface heating Progress report of an ongoing study PART 1 THEORY Poster presentation AmeriFlux 2005 Annual Meeting Boulder Colorado Burba G G McDermitt D K Grelle A Anderson D J and Xu L 2008 Addressing the influence of instrument surface heat exchange
8. 8 Grelle A and Burba G G 2007 Fine wire thermometer to correct CO fluxes by open path analyzers for artificial density fluctuations Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 147 1 2 48 57 Griffith D W T 1982 Calculation of carrier gas effects in non dispersive infrared analyzer I Theory Tellus 34 376 384 Griffith D W T Keeling C D Adams J A Guenther P R and Bacastow R B 1982 Calculation of carrier gas effects in non dispersive infrared analyzer II Comparisons with experiments Tellus 34 385 397 HHH HHHH HHHH HH 008 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHH HHHHHH2008HHHHHHHHHH 36 0000 000 000 005 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHUHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HiHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 6 11 15 Hanafusa T Fujitani T Kobori Y and Mitsuta Y 1982 A new type sonic anemometer thermometer for field operation Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics 33 1 19 Harazono Y Miyata A Ota N and Oechel W C 2000 Greenhouse gas flux at Arctic tundra ecosystem in winter and thawing period Proceedings of 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 193 194 Haslwanter A Hammerle A Wohlfahrt G 2009 Open path vs closed path eddy covariance measurements of the net ecosystem carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange A long term perspective Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149 291 302 HHHH 0988 ODD HHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHH ed HHHH 51 81 Heusinkveld B G Jacobs A F G and Holtslag A A M 2008 Effect of open path
9. Boundary Layer Meteorology 56 401 410 Karl T G C Spirig J Rinne C Stroud P Prevost J Greenberg R Fall and A Guenther 2002 Virtual disjunct eddy covariance measurements of organic compound fluxes from a subalpine forest using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2 279 291 Kelliher F M Leuning R Raupach M R and Schulze E D 1995 Maximum conductances for evaporation from global vegetation types Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 73 1 16 Kohsiek W 2000 Water vapor cross sensitivity of open path H O CO sensors Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 17 299 311 HUHHHHHU 2005 0 O 0O O 2006 1015pp U0 Komori D Aoki M Ishida T Suzuki S Satou T and Kim W 2004 Development of an air Sampling system for true eddy accumulation technique Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 60 4 263 272 Kondo J and Sato T 1982 The determination of the von Karman constant Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 60 461 471 Kormann R and Meixener F X 2001 An analytical footprint model for non neutral stratification Boundary Layer Meteorology 99 207 224 Kristensen L and Fitzjarrald D R 1984 The effect of line averaging on scalar flux measurements with a sonic anemometer near the surface Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 1 138 146 Laubach J Raschedorfer M Kreilein H and Gravenhorst G 1994 Determination of heat and
10. HHHHHHHHHHHHHH ver1 1H Xu L K Matista A A and Hsiao T C 1999 A technique for measuring CO and water vapor profiles within and above plant canopies over short periods Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 94 1 12 Yang B Hanson P J Riggs J S Pallardy S G Heuer M Hosman K P Meyers T P Wullschleger S D and Gu L H 2007 Biases of CO storage in eddy flux measurements in a forest pertinent to vertical configurations of a profile system and CO density averaging Journal of Geophysical Research 112 D20123 Yang P C Black T A Neumann H H Novak M D and Blanken P D 1999 Spatial and temporal variability of CO concentration and flux in a boreal aspen forest Journal of Geophysical Research 104 D22 27653 27661 160 HHHHHH IlHHHHH 4 6 023x10 mol APAR umolm s b empirical coefficient in REA method c 2 9979x108 ms Cs ms Ct ms C C Ca C Cap C C Jm C Cy C d m dP Pa Danin 2000 1 1 0 2000 0 4416 e Pa ea Pa es Pa AE mV F
11. HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHYver1 H OOOO ADC 2003 OP 2 Open path CO H20 Analyser Instruction Manual ADC BioScientific Ltd 25pp HHHHHH 0999 HHHHHHHHHHH E0098 QOUUU 0 10 13pp Albrecht B Poellot M and Cox S K 1974 Pyrgeometer measurements from aircraft Review of Scientific Instruments 45 33 38 Amiro B 2010 Estimating annual carbon dioxide eddy fluxes using open path analysers for cold forest sites Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 150 1366 1372 AsiaFlux O0 0 O O O 2003 U gt CGER M015 2003 116pp O00 000000000000000 Aubinet M Berbigier P Bernhofer Ch Cescatti A Feigenwinter C Granier A Gr nwald Th Havrankova K Heinesch B Longdoz B Marcolla B Montagnani L and Sedlak P 2005 Comparing CO storage and advection conditions at night at different CARBOEUROFLUX sites Boundary Layer Meteorology 116 63 94 Aubinet M Grelle A Ibrom A Rannik U Moncrieff J Foken T Kowalski A S Martin P H Berbigier P Bernhofer C Clement R Elbers J A Granier A Gr nwald T Morgenstern K Pilegaard K Rebmann C Snijders W Valentini R and Vesala T 2000 Estimates of the annual net carbon and water exchange of forests the EUROFLUX methodology Advances in Ecological Research 30 113 175 Aubinet M Heinesch B and Yernaux M 200
12. OR Inc LI COR 2003 Using CO and H O Scrubbers with LI COR Gas Analyzers Publication Number IRG4 101 LI COR Inc LI COR 2004 LI 7500 CO H 0 Analyzer Instruction Manual LI COR Inc LI COR 2011a LI 7500A Open Path CO HzO Analyzer Instruction Manual LI COR Inc LI COR 2011b Transitioning from an LI 7500 to an LI 7500A or LI 7200 A comparison Tcehnical Note 130 1 7 Liu H Peters G and Foken T 2001 New equations for sonic temperature variance and buoyancy heat flux with an omnidirectional sonic anemometer Boundary Layer Meteorology 100 459 468 Massman W J 2000 A simple method for estimating frequency response corrections for eddy covariance systems Agricultural Forest Meteorology 104 185 198 OOOO 2005 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHUHHH HHHUHHHHHHHHHHHH 68 85 96 000 000 2005HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHH E Journal 5 11 Mauder M Oncley S P Vogt R Weidinger T Ribeiro L Bernhofer Ch Foken T Kohsiek W De Bruin H A R and Liu H 2007 The energy balance experiment EBEX 2000 Part II Intercomparison of eddy covariance sensors and post field data processing methods Boundary Layer Meteorology 123 29 54 McCree K J 1972 Test of current definitions of photosynthetically active radiation against leaf photosynthesis data Agricultural Meteorology 10 443 453 Miyata A and Mano M 2002 Influence of subzero temperature on sensitivities of three open path infrared gas analyzers Procee
13. dings of the 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Flux Network and Flux Evaluation 3 4 1357 HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHYver1 1H Mkhabela M S Amiro B D Barr A G Black T A Hawthorne I Kidston J McCaughey J H Orchansky A L Nesic Z Sass A Shashkov A and Zha T 2009 Comparison of carbon dynamics and water use efficiency following fire and harvesting in Canadian boreal forests Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149 783 794 OOOO 200 HHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHH 000000 OMUP 85 124 Moore C J 1986 Frequency response corrections for eddy correlation systems Boundary Layer Meteorology 37 17 35 OOOO 001 0 WOU 100 20 20HU000000U00U000U00OU00U0UUUUUUOOO 130 151 Nakai T Iwata H and Harazono Y 2011 Importance of mixing ratio for a long term CO flux measurement with a closed path system Tellus 63B 302 308 Nakai T van der Molen M K Gash J H C and Kodama Y 2006 Correction of sonic anemometer angle of attack errors Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 136 19 30 HHH dQ982HHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHH 16 63 77 00000 HHHH HSZ 8806 2001 2001 O00000 0000000000 000 0000 2009HHHHHUHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHH 68 37 41 HHH HHHHHHHHHHHH 2009 AsiaFlux Workshop 2009 Integrating Cross scale Ecosystem Knowledge Bridge and Barriers 9 D 2H OOOO 999j5 HHHHHHHH HHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHH ed 284pp
14. g a closed path sensor Theory and field tests against an open path sensor Boundary Layer Meteorology 64 391 407 Tsukamoto O 1986 Dynamic response of the fine wire psychrometer for direct measurement of water vapor flux Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 3 453 461 van der Molen M K Gash J H C and Elbers J A 2004 Sonic anemometer co sine response and flux measurement II The effect of introducing an angle of attack dependent calibration Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 122 95 109 van Dijk A Kohsiek W and de Bruin H A R 2003 Oxygen sensitivity of Krypton and Lyman alpha hygrometers Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 20 143 151 Watanabe T Yamanoi K and Yasuda Y 2000 Testing of the bandpass eddy covariance method for a long term measurement of water vapour flux over a forest Boundary Layer Meteorology 96 473 491 Webb E K Pearman G I and Leuning R 1980 Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 106 85 100 Wieser A Fiedler F and Corsmeier U 2001 The influence of the sensor design on wind measurements with sonic anemometer systems Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 18 1585 1608 Wyngaard J C and Zhang S F 1985 Transducer shadow effects on turbulence spectra measured by sonic anemometers Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 2 548 558 159 HH
15. on the measurements of CO flux from open path gas analyzers Global Change Biology 14 1 23 Businger J A and Oncley S P 1990 Flux measurement with conditional sampling Journal of Atmospheric and 154 HHHH Oceanic Technology 7 349 352 Campbell Scientific Inc 2006 Open Path Eddy Covariance System Operator s Manual CSAT3 LI 7500 and KH20 Campbell Scientific Inc Christen A van Gorsel E Vogt R Andretta M and Rotach M W 2001 Ultrasonic anemometer instrumentation at steep slopes Wind tunnel study field Intercomparison measurement MAP Newsletter 15 164 167 http pages unibas ch geo mcr Crew AC pdfs christen_map pdf Clement R Burba G Grelle A Anderson D and Moncrieff J 2009 Improved trace gas flux estimation through IRGA sampling optimization Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149 3 4 623 638 Finnigan J 2006 The storage term in eddy flux calculations Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 136 108 113 Fluxnet CANADA ed 2003 Fluxnet Canada Measurement Protocols Working Draft Version 1 3 109pp Fluxnet Canada Network Management Office Giasson M A Coursolle C and Margolis H A 2006 Ecosystem level CO fluxes from a boreal cutover in eastern Canada before and after scarification Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 140 23 40 Grelle A and Lindroth A 1996 Eddy correlation system for long term monitoring of fluxes of heat water and CO gt Global Change Biology 2 297 30
16. water vapour fluxes above a spruce forest by eddy correlation Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 71 373 401 156 HHHH Lee X 1998 On micrometeorological observations of surface air exchange over tall vegetation Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 91 39 49 Lee X and Massman W J 2011 A perspective on thirty years of the Webb Pearman and Leuning density corrections Boundary Layer Meteorolgu 139 37 59 Lee X Massman W J and Law B E ed 2004 Handbook of Micrometeorology A Guide for Surface Flux Measurements and Analysis Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston Leuning R and Judd M J 1996 The relative merits of open and closed path analyzers for measurement of eddy fluxes Global Change Biology 2 241 253 Leuning R and King K M 1992 Comparison of eddy covariance measurements of CO fluxes by open and closed path CO analysers Boundary Layer Meteorology 59 297 311 Leuning R and Moncrieff J 1990 Eddy covariance CO flux measurements using Open and Closed path CO analysers Corrections for analyser water vapour sensitivity and damping of fluctuation in air sampling tubes Boundary Layer Meteorology 53 63 76 Leuning R Zegelin S J Jones K Keith H and Hughes D 2008 Measurement of horizontal and vertical advection of CO within a forest canopy Agricultural Forest Meteorology 148 11 1777 1797 LI COR 2002 LI 7500 and direct solar radiation LI 7500 Field Note 1 Publication Number 75H102 LI C

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