Chapter 1
Contents
1. meaih 3 14 Didi c 3 14 Statisti CS M He iiS 3 15 System PerToLmiglioe osos eme QU cn ati dta p pd Uia 3 17 OBT 954 V Orbitel Telecom Network CN LO o ose Posie deat che tn adest ebnuu au EP esos Rab DE uade btdE 3 18 liso cc nE 3 18 Router ror 3 19 DHCP C Om rear AN aoi as pig ana ERO PRIN EE a EN DIM NM E NEN 3 21 IP ROUINO TCR 3 22 Quality of Service Configuration QoS 3 23 Port Forwarding latte cet a ETE 3 24 Port Pi lei der adadensa 3 25 Appendix A Grounding and Lightning Protection Information A 1 Appendix B Quality of Service Configuration QoS B 1 Appendix C Protocol SY iiie eoi nite uiae a cineris arae chu C 1 Appendix D Common TCP Ports ceres D 1 Appendix E Channel Allocations eese E 1 Appendix F Wiring Standard F 1 OBT 954 Table of Contents vi Orbitel Telecom Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 1 Overview Introduction This next generation wireless LAN device the Orbitel OBT 954 brings Ethernet like performance to the wireless realm Fully compliant with the IEEE802 11a standard the OBT 954 also provides powerful features such as the Internet based configurati2. 2 1 Site Selection M 2 1 Polarity M Q 2 2 Power SupDiv artnet pho ntm da ete tob LEE 2 2 Installing the Ethernet Cable ssi ettet pbi odis ert pesa pip a ocu dpde qutd 2 3 Mounting the RadiO E 2 5 Grounding the Antenna M 2 5 Conmjc pp the REO side bebo aa XE as E E ERE R 2 6 Best Practices T 2 7 Chapter 3 Configuration sssusseesununennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnne 3 1 Connecting to the Radio s ccisasissscceiostssaseisdandaaanasacsashdgansaasendesionsseasasbesaenianionnsass 3 1 Changing the IP Address Windows XP esee 3 1 Changing the IP Address Using the Orbitel Locator 3 2 Login into the Configuration Interface eese 3 3 Information Pase oiii ie ito esc diea aeu uniin Minima a cat fes NG d EE 3 4 Setup DVM aga a cars gates se cae P 3 5 Wireless SOU 29 M 3 5 Administrative Settings oc biete iere ta iai b duces sedbedeasliesdeese 3 8 WDD c gta 3 9 cerra 3 10 Basic S curity oir omm 3 10 Advanced Security Settings eda pen UP ERHUA UR mA PIER CU n mu Ra eq t a E 3 11 PCCOSG A OMI dM 3 12 viri ep 3 13 Dub
3. Orhitel REDES INTEGRADAS Orbitel OBT 954 User Guide Revision 1 0 Firmware 2 0 18 Date 31 08 06 Document Revisions Version 1 0 December 2006 Orbitel Telecom e Inform Ltda SIG QUADRA O23 BI B No 99 Sala 101 Bras lia DF Brasil 70610 400 Tel 61 3031 4100 Fax 61 3344 4101 General Inquiries mailto comercial Q orbitel com br Sales comercial orbitel com br Technical Support suporte orbitel com br Orbitel Telecom Safety Information Safety Information FCC Compliance This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the device is operated in a residential environment This device generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy If not installed and used in accordance with the user guide may cause harmful interference to radio communication In case of harmful interference the users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense The users should not modify or change this device without written approval from Orbitel Wireless Modification will void warranty and authority to use the device For safety reasons people should not work in a situation where RF exposure limits could be exceeded To prevent this situation the users should consider the following rules Install the antenna s
4. Information Page AP Information Page Information Page CPE Information Page OBT 954 3 4 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Setup Menu In this section you would be able to configure wireless and administrative settings for the OBT 954 radio Wireless Settings This window displays the wireless configuration of the device The contents are slightly different for access point and CPE Wireless Settings Wireless Settings R900Rt Quarter BMHz v pure b mode lh Best automatic i i ooi Apply __BackiolnormatonPage Jum CM E n a a foooooonooooo HEL US Unea Staes v Looe LONG Back to inormaton Pag i Wireless Mode Define if your device will operate as Infrastructure Station CPE or Access Point SSID The Service Set Identifier SSID is the name that identifies a specific wireless LAN Devices must have the same SSID to communicate with each other In Infrastructure Station mode CPE you can enter primary and secondary SSIDs when using two access points in the network Clients will connect to the secondary access point when the primary is unavailable or goes down Visibility Status You can set your access point to be Visible or Invisible to clients Channel Width Select the Channel Width you will be using Channel Mode Select the mode that the channel will use Pure b mode pure g mode or mixed b g mode Channel Select the channe
5. gasket Secure with 4 keps nuts Tighten with a 3 8 wrench until the gasket is at least 50 compressed Step 8 Make sure the cap nut of the strain relief is tightened properly to ensure a weather proof seal IMPORTANT Hand tighten only Do not over tighten as you may damage the weather tight seal of the strain relief 2 4 Orbitel Telecom Mounting the Radio Grounding OBT 954 Step 9 Attach the mounting bracket to the pole using the U bolt Secure the U bolt with the lock washers and the nuts Align if necessary and then tighten the nuts enough to prevent any movement Step 10 Fit the radio to the mounting bracket Secure the radio with keps nuts IMPORTANT The strain relief must be always facing the ground the Antenna Step 11 Using a 6 green grounding wire connect the grounding lug on the radio to a proper ground See Appendix A Grounding and Lighting Protection Information Chapter 2 Hardware Installation IMPORTANT This device must be grounded Connect the green grounding wire to a known good earth ground as outlined in the National Electrical Code See Appendix A Grounding and Lightning Protection Information for details 2 5 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Connecting the Radio Step 12 Connect the Cat 5 cable from the radio into the RJ 45 jack marked CPE on the POE adapter The POE adapter is not weather Buildin proof and
6. Never install radio equipment surge suppressors or lightning protection during a storm Lightning Protection The key to lightning protection is to provide a harmless route for lightning to reach ground The system should not be designed to attract lightning nor can it repel lightning National state and local codes are designed to protect life limb and property and must always be obeyed When in doubt consult local and national electrical codes or contact an electrician or professional trained in the design of grounding systems Professional Installation Required The product requires professional installation Professional installers ensure that the equipment is installed following local regulations and safety codes To reduce potential radio interference to other users the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power e i r p is not more than that permitted for successful communication OBT 954 iv Orbitel Telecom Table of Contents Table of Contents rider Aen ee oe ee eee ee 1 1 Tntrod ctiot mE 1 1 POUT e OS 1 1 Product Description P 1 1 LED Panel HGH CAGES sit tesiemodeM nu ni ae Rhein Fe edits EH Ern qd 1 2 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 2 1 Getting Gon M S 2 1 NGG US REQUIRE
7. below to wire the Cat 5 cable during installation of the Orbitel radio see Step 3 in Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Installing the Ethernet Cable Pair 3 Standard EIA TIA T568B Wiring Diagram OBT 954 F 1
8. should be installed indoors 9 Step 13 Step 13 n Connect the power adapter to the POE adapter and plug the other end to an outlet The POE adapter will be powered on and the power indicator on the top panel will turn on We recommend to connect the power adapter to an outlet with surge suppression capability with an uninterrupted power supply UPS for reduced outages IMPORTANT Use the power adapter supplied with the radio Otherwise it may be damaged Step 14 To configure the OBT 954 radio connect the Ethernet cable to the POE adapter and to a computer Ensure that the distance between the computer and the radio does not exceed 300 ft 90 m Note If connecting to a hub or switch a crossover cable may be required OBT 954 2 6 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Best Practices Follow these practices to ensure a correct installation and grounding Always try to run long Cat 5 and LMR cables inside of the mounting pole This helps to insulate the cable from any air surges Keep all runs as straight as possible Never put a loop into the cables Test all grounds to ensure that you are using a proper ground If using an electrical socket for ground use a socket tester such as Radio Shack 22 141 Keep a copy of the National Electrical Code Guide at hand and follow its recommendations If you are in doubt about the grounding at the location drive your own rod and bond it to the house ground At
9. the IP address for your device Note The Locator cannot locate radios through routers a Locator Jog File Edit Help a d m Scan Configure Upgrade Web Name Type 0 0 0 lPAddes iD TRMulti TRMulti 192 168 100 1 00 60 B3 5D 61 74 The Orbitel Locator displays the following options Scan Locates Orbitel radios connected to the network A yellow icon appears before the name when the radio is not in the same subnet Configure Used to set a static IP address or set the radio into DHCP mode Upgrade Under development Web Opens a browser to access the configuration interface Auto IP To automatically set the radio to an IP address one number higher than the IP address of the computer Find the latest version of the Orbitel Locator at www Orbitel com br under Orbitel Suporte gt Download de arquivos gt Utilitarios OBT 954 3 2 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Login into the Configuration Interface After defining the network settings follow these steps to login into the Orbitel Configuration Interface 1 Open your Internet browser Internet Explorer Netscape or Firefox 2 Inthe address bar type your IP address default IP http 192 168 1 100 3 In the login dialog enter your Username and Password if you re a first time user follow the instructions below 4 Click OK You will then access the configuration interface onnect to 192 168 1 100 E The serve
10. would apply To cover all LAN IPs enter 0 0 0 0 For a single IP enter the IP in both boxes Enter the range of ports on the LAN side where the rule would apply To cover all ports enter 0 For a single port enter this port in both boxes Enter the range of IP addresses on the WAN side where the rule would apply Enter the range of ports on the WAN side where the rule would apply 3 23 Orbitel Telecom Port Forwarding Chapter 3 Configuration This feature allows the radio to forward requests for certain ports to devices behind a router For example you have a web server on a private IP that you want to be accessible to the world You can forward all requests on port 80 to 192 168 1 2 For this to work you have to change the management port of the radio from port 80 on the Network Configuration window In this window you can create edit delete and manage rules for port forwarding A list of port forwarding rules appears at the bottom Enable Port Forwarding Forward Rule ID Edit Delete Enabled Disabled External Port Internal Port Internal Address Protocol New Add Update OBT 954 Port Management Port Forwarding a Bit Delete Click to apply rules from the Rules list Enter the rule ID here to retrieve its information Click to modify or remove the selected rule Activate or deactivate the selected rule Enter the port to which requests will be forwarded Enter your port he
11. 5 0 192 168 100 1 192 168 1 1 MTU Allow Pinging Allow Access to Web Server Cloning MAC Address IP Mode Apply C Backio miomaton ege The Maximum Transmission Unit MTU refers to the size of the largest packet that the router can pass The default value is 1500 bytes If PPPoE is used you should change the MTU to match the PPPoE server typically 1492 bytes Enables ping responses on WAN interface Allows access from WAN interface or change the port the WAN server responds to web server requests Note Access to web server from LAN interface is always enabled and set at port 80 See description in Bridge Mode You can select to use Static IP DHCP Client dynamic or PPPoE Note If a PPPoE server is not available the device will try to get an IP If has no success it will use a fallback IP address 3 19 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 WAN LAN DHCP Server Routing Port Management Ethernet Port Speed Note Chapter 3 Configuration Enter the information related to the WAN interface IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway DNS1 DNS2 and Domain Name Enter the information related to the LAN interface IP address and subnet mask Check the box and click Apply to enable this feature Click on the item which now appears as a link to open the DHCP Server configuration window Enables NAT QoS and Static Routes NAT should always be enabled when using private addressing Cli
12. ake changes with extreme caution OBT 954 3 22 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Quality of Service Configuration QoS In this window you can use the QoS features and set rules to prioritize the traffic Quality of Service Configuration a Uplink Speed Dynamic Fragmentation Automatic Classification Enabled Priority Name Protocol Source IP Range Source Port Range Destination IP Range Destination Port Range OBT 954 0000 0000 0000 a kooo Oo om fai Milo o aao Mio Mis Co oO Cc a URN C O o joo Eo c nono o EO ntormeton Fe i This is the maximum speed of the uplink from the source to the destination The order and size of traffic is determined based on this value Check to reduce delay for high priority traffic and adaptive fragmentation where the fragmentation is determined by the uplink speed This feature greatly improves the gaming and VOIP experience This feature automatically classifies traffic and gives priority to certain applications Applications such as VOIP and gaming are automatically given priority Check to activate a rule Enter the priority of the rule between 0 and 255 Enter the name of the rule here Enter the protocol number here Common options are 0 for ANY 1 for ICMP 6 for TCP and 17 for UDP See Appendix C for Protocol List Enter the range of IP addresses on the LAN side where the rule
13. apter 3 Configuration The UMAC functions occur in the unit s processor The UMAC statistics are likely the most useful for radio troubleshooting This window breaks down the statistics into clean and failed packets The failed packets should be less than 10 in a normal operating environment In the TX statistics there should be little to no Retransmits at Series 2 3 or 4 Life Statistics are reset on each reboot UMAC Statistics Select Refresh Rate 6 10 O15 20 s Sample Period n sac Byes Packets Chean Pockets Failed Packets Dres Packets Clean Packets Retransm Series 0 Retrarsmit Sevies 1 Retr anisrmit Series 3 Total Failed Packets Ethernet Statistics Previous Statistics 18 000 1238 5698 96 100 0 om 90m em os 9G Life Statistics 2260 378 516 956 KB sree 5352 944 215 5 201 708 KB Moss 24042 108 95 eg 0 0 0 reran se 010 0 In this window excessive collisions are usually a sign that the radio and the device it is linked to are not on the same duplex settings One is at full while the other is at half Try locking both to the same valu es Collisions do normally occur on an Ethernet network and are generally handled by the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect CSMA CD mechanism Alignment length and excessive FCS errors could the result of a bad radio link or a bad Ethernet cable Ethernet Stati
14. ators Here you set the Read Community string and Contact Location information It s highly recommended that you change the Read Community string immediately to prevent unauthorized scanning of your network 3 8 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Chapter 3 Configuration WDS AP only The Wireless Distribution System WDS is a modification to the 802 11 stan dards that allows access points to communicate directly with each other WDS allows users to spread out coverage to a larger area without the need for a backhaul link The tradeoff is that overall throughput is greatly affected for all users of the access points linked WDS is not recommended for use with large numbers of clients or when throughput needs to be maximized In both cases a dedicated PxP link should be used However in areas of low density WDS can allow an ISP to extend coverage into an area at very low cost Apply BacktointomretonPege To set up WDS 1 Select Enabled to activate WDS and click Apply 2 Goto the Administrative Settings window and change the settings to Defaults 3 Goto the Wireless Settings window and set the same Channels for both access points 4 Inthe WDS settings window enter the Mac address of the peer Do not insert colons or commas 5 Click Apply Note WDS links don t appear in the Station List or Performance windows To monitor the link s strength and performance use PxP mode gt Throughput is cu
15. ccess point 4 On both radios enter the Mac address of the opposite radio in the PxP Mac Address field no colons 5 Check off PxP Mode Enabled Note gt In PxP mode the LEDs on the radios will operate the same as in Infrastructure Station mode with LEDs proportional to signal strength 3 7 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Administrative Settings Use this window to upgrade the software change your password and define SNMP parameters Administrative Settings Upgrade Software Defaults Reboot Rollback Device Name User Name Password Confirm Password Extended Wireless Information Signal Status LEDs SNMP Parameters OBT 954 Enter the location of the software update file or Browse to locate it in your computer Click Upgrade Software If the radio does not refresh the Information Page after 1 minute press Refresh Reload or F5 Verify the new firmware is installed correctly Returns all settings to factory defaults including passwords Restarts the system without changing settings To undo the most recent change Itis the network name of the device This name appears in the Locator and on the Orbitel stations list This is the login username Enter a new password if you want to change it Re type the new password Enables extended information name and IP address which is only displayed with Orbitel access points Un check to turn off the LED panel indic
16. ck on QoS or Static Routes to configure Check the box and click Apply to enable port filtering and port forwarding Click on any item to open the configuration window Set as Auto by default Many Ethernet devices do not auto negotiate properly If you see large numbers of dropped pings you may have collisions Try locking the device at 10 Half as a troubleshooting step If the packet losses stop step up to 100 Full If the device the radio is connecting cannot support 100 Full you should replace the device or place a switch in line 3 20 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration DHCP Configuration This window shows the configuration of the DHCP server DHCP Configuration 192 168 100 100 mo o ZE 0 000 0 0 00 IP Parameters Subnet Mask Enter your subnet mask in this field Address Starting from Indicates the first address in the DHCP pool Number of Addresses Indicates the number of addresses in the DHCP pool Gateway Select This Unit to use the gateway set on the WAN interface Select Other to use a different gateway Lease Time Indicates the expiration time for the IP address assigned by the DHCP server DNS Server IP Address Select WAN Assigned to use the DNS server IP addresses assigned on the WAN side To use different DNS servers select Static in which case you must enter the Primary and Secondary IP addresses Domain Name Apply the same configuration as for Server IP Address WINS App
17. he INT internal statistics are intended for use by Orbitel Wireless Technical Support You can click onto each speed level and see how the traffic breaks down In the TX statistics there should little to no Tries at Series 2 3 or 4 The radio will try to send a packet 4 times at Series 1 and then will try the next series 4 times In the RX statistics you should look for bad CRCs and bad decrypts for signs of RF interference or Fresnel interference links Bad PHYs generally are caused when the radio is unable to decode the packets due to noise LMAC Statistics Select Refresh Rate Gs O 45 C s s 5 30 45 oU Sample na TE Rate Total 1 Mbps E 2 Mups D 5 Mbps 11 Mbps 6 Mops 9 Mbps 12 Mnps q Mops 24 Mbps 36 Mhps Mops 54 Mbps T Beacon E 3 R88 ET 0 2 ee eo eo B E eo eo eo eo ee z a o a o a 0 TY Rate Bad Tries Dad Underrun Bad fitered Deacon Rates Good at genes 1 Good at Series 2 Good at Senes 3 Good at Series 4 Tries at Serien 1 Tries at Series 2 Tries al Serios 3 Tries al Series 4 Please click on a rate to check the detailed statistics Back to Information Page Back to Statistics Summary Page Note Communication between access points and CPEs always occurs at the lowest rate In a normal link you should see a fair number of transactions at the lowest rate OBT 954 3 15 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 UMAC Siatistics Ch
18. he entire downstream Ee VOIP Shaped to 1 MB amp 6000 CPE Computer 6000 AP Computer 6000 CPE OBT 954 B 3 Orbitel Telecom Dec Keyword 0 HOPOPT 1 ICMP 2 IGMP 3 GGP 4 IP 5 ST 6 TCP 7 CBT 8 EGP 9 IGP 10 BRM 11 NVP II 12 PUP 13 ARGUS 14 EMCON 15 XNET 16 CHAOS 17 UDP 18 MUX 19 DCN MEAS 20 HMP 21 PRM 22 XNS IDP 23 TRUNK 1 24 TRUNK2 25 LEAF 1 26 LEAF2 27 RDP 28 IRTP 29 SO TP4 30 NETBLT 31 MFE NSP 32 MERIT INP 33 SEP 34 3PC 35 IDPR 36 XTP 37 DDP 38 IDPR CMTP 39 TP 40 IL 41 IPv6 42 SDRP 43 Pv6 Route 44 Pv6 Frag 45 DRP 46 RSVP 47 GRE 48 MHRP 49 BNA 50 ESP OBT 954 Protocol IPv6 Hop by Hop Option Internet Control Message Internet Group Management Gateway to Gateway IP in IP encapsulation Stream Transmission Control CBT Exterior Gateway Protocol private interior gateway BBN RCC Monitoring Network Voice Protocol PUP ARGUS EMCON Cross Net Debugger Chaos User Datagram Multiplexing DCN Measurement Host Monitoring Packet Radio Measurement XEROX NS IDP Trunk 1 Trunk 2 Leaf 1 Leaf 2 Reliable Data Protocol Internet Reliable Transaction ISO Transport Class 4 Bulk Data Transfer MFE Network Services MERIT Intemodal Protocol Sequential Exchange Third Party Connect Inter Domain Policy Routing Protocol XIP Datagram Delivery IDPR Control Message Transport Proto TP Transport Protocol IL Tra
19. he way individual streams are handled at any point in time This enables latency sensitive traffic such as voice games or even web page requests to be given a relatively high priority As a result these packets are sent to their destination first reducing delay and jitter Less time sensitive traffic such as email or file transfers are sent at lower priority Since Intelligent Stream Handling operates automatically without the need for user configuration it is able to effectively use 255 priority levels for fine grained control of the packet streams Rate Matching A process called rate matching determines the bandwidth of the broadband uplink automatically so that it can shape the traffic to smooth the flow between the router and the Internet This eliminates the potential bottlenecks and delays that can be caused by bursty data traffic Dynamic and Adaptive Link Fragmentation Low priority traffic is also fragmented to reduce the latency and jitter that can be introduced by long packets Intelligent Stream Handling adjusts the fragment size based on the uplink speed and also stops fragmenting long packets when no latency sensitive traffic is waiting to be sent to improve the overall efficiency of the broadband link and ensure voice can sustain a high MOS rating OBT 954 B 1 Orbitel Telecom QoS Block Diagram Orbitel software has the capability of continually monitoring and classifying traffic on the Internet connectio
20. ilable Bridge Mode Network Configuration 192 168 1 100 255 255 255 0 182 168 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amo w Apply J Back to Information Page J Cloning MAC Address This feature allows the radio to copy the MAC address of the device you have connected to the network This is useful when you change your device and don t want to register a new MAC address or when dealing with some PPPoE and Radius implementations When the device is cloning a MAC address it can only be managed from the LAN side To clone a MAC address check the MAC Address box and enter the MAC address in the field Cloning into Uncheck to restore the original MAC address IP Mode You can select to use Static IP or DHCP Client dynamic Note If a DHCP server is not available the device will try to get an IP If has no success it will use a fallback IP address WAN Enter the information related to the WAN interface IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway DNS1 DNS2 and Domain Name Ethernet Port Speed Set as Auto by default OBT 954 3 18 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Router Mode Chapter 3 Configuration From this window you can access specific windows to configure the DHCP Server QoS Static Routes Port Filtering and Port Forwarding If the feature is available it will appear like a link To open an item just click on it These features are described in the next pages Network Configuration DHGASEWVET v 192 168 1 100 255 255 25
21. ith the OBT 954 radio Otherwise the product may be damaged and will not be covered by the Orbitel warranty 2 2 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Installing the Ethernet Cable Step 1 Insert the strain reliefinto the port opening of the boot cover Step 2 Using a 3 4 wrench tighten the strain relief until it touches the boot cover IMPORTANT Use hand tools only Do not over tighten Step 3 Put the cap nut back over the strain relief and insert the Cat 5 cable through it Wire the cable following the EIA TIA T568B standard and attach the RJ 45 connectors to each end of the cable See Appendix F Wiring Standard Step 4 If you purchased the device with a dual port cover repeat steps 1 2 and 3 for the second port IMPORTANT If you are not going to use the second port insert the strain relief into the boot cover and tighten the cap nut to ensure a weather tight seal as shown in the picture OBT 954 2 3 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Step 5 Place the gasket with the adhesive side facing up over the 4 studs around the port of the radio Flatten the gasket ensuring there are no gaps Remove the backing Step 6 Plug the Cat 5 cable inserted in the boot cover into the port Remember to place the boot cover according to the desired polarization so that the strain relief faces the ground Step 7 Fit the boot cover over the 4 studs and the
22. l that the access point and clients use TX Rate The transmission speed at which the radio and access point communicate with each other Note Setting this rate below the maximum possible does not limit bandwidth and often has a negative impact on the operation of your network Feature available only ih access point wireless mode OBT 954 3 5 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 RTS Threshold Fragmentation Threshold Link Distance ACK Timeout Tuning Beacon Interval DTIM Interval Burst Time 802 11d Enabled PxP Mode PxP Mac Address Block Inter Client Traffic Power Cap Country Antenna Gain Preamble Chapter 3 Configuration This is the maximum size for a packet to be sent automatically When it exceeds the RTS threshold the CPE sends first a request to send RTS to the access point before sending the packet Note The more clients you have the lower the value should be set This is the size at which packets are fragmented in order to be transmitted Setting this value too low decreases the amount sent on each transmission In noisy areas this can improve performance However in quiet areas this will decrease throughput This is the distance between the CPE and access point This setting is necessary to define the correct ACK timing Setting this value too low or too high will result in low throughput and high retries The time that the radio waits for an acknowledgmen
23. least you will know that one rod is correct in the system OBT 954 2 7 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Chapter 3 Configuration The OBT 954 radios can be configured through an HTML configuration interface accessible using any Internet browser The configuration interface allows you to define and change settings and also shows information about the performance of the device In this chapter we ll cover how to access the configuration interface configure the OBT 954 radio and interpret the information displayed in the interface Depending on whether the device is defined as an AP or CPE infrastructure station some menu options windows and fields in the interface may vary or may not appear at all We ll indicate so when describing each window Connecting to the Radio Before accessing the configuration interface you have to change the network connection settings in your computer to be on the same subnet as the radio Changing the IP Address Windows XP 1 In your computer open Control Panel gt Network Connections gt Local Area Connection 2 In Local Area Connection Status General click Properties 3 In Local Area Connection Properties gt General select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click Properties 4 In Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties gt General select Use the following IP address 5 Enter your IP address and Subnet Mask The default IP address of the radio is 192 168 1 100
24. ly the same configuration as for Server IP Address OBT 954 3 21 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration IP Routing This window is intended for those users who have a strong understanding of IP routing Here you can see the System Routes create your User Routes and set the Default Route e result in serious network problems and even the loss of functionality IMPORTANT Be careful when making changes since misconfiguration could IP Routing System Routes User Routes E m 5 IE Interface Specify if the interface is WAN or LAN Select Off to disable the route IP Address This is the IP address or network that the packets will be attempting to access Subnet Mask Specifies the part of the destination IP that represents the network address and the part that represents the host address Note 255 255 255 255 represents only the host entered in the Destination IP field Gateway Indicates the next hop if this route is used A gateway of 0 0 0 0 means there is no next hop and the IP address matched is directly connected to the router on the interface specified Metric This is the number of hops it will take to reach the destination A hop occurs each time data passes through a router from one network to another If there is only one router between your network and the destination network then the metric value would be 1 Default Route This option allows you to change the default route of the radio M
25. making this applicable in a WISP environment is the Intelligent Stream Handling a patent pending algorithm that autonomously manages the flow of traffic going to the Internet without the need for user configuration As a result real time interactive traffic such as gaming VoIP and video teleconferencing is automatically given the appropriate priority when other users and applications use the connection In addition Intelligent Stream Handling minimizes the impact of large packet lower priority traffic on latency sensitive traffic and eliminates delays Orbitel software effectively eliminates the lag and breakup problem in online gaming and other voice and video applications In today s broadband environment the impact of just one data stream running in parallel with a real time application can be quite dramatic Using NetIQ s Chariot VoIP test measurement over a connection it can be demonstrated that introducing a single FTP transfer in the upstream direction will reduce the Mean Opinion Score MOS for a G 729 VoIP codec from a very good 4 4 to a completely unacceptable level of 1 immediately Using the same scenario with Orbitel s QoS enabled the voice quality remains consistently high with an MOS of 4 4 and maintains that level even with multiple FTP streams Automatic Traffic Classification Orbitel software has the capability of continually monitoring and classifying traffic on the Internet connection and dynamically adjusting t
26. n and dynamically adjusting the way individual streams are handled at any point in time This enables latency sensitive traffic such as voice games or even web page requests to be given a relatively high priority As a result they are sent to their destination first reducing delay and jitter Less time sensitive traffic such as email or file transfers are de prioritized Intelligent Stream Handling adjusts the fragment size based on the uplink speed and also stops fragmenting long packets when no latency sensitive traffic is waiting to be sent to improve the overall efficiency of the broadband link and ensure voice can sustain a high MOS Mean Opinion Score rating Appendix B A process called rate matching determines the bandwidth of the broadband uplink automatically so that it can shape the traffic to smooth the flow between the router and the Internet This eliminates the potential bottlenecks and delays that can be caused by bursty data traffic High Priority Bb High Priority Es High Priority Es High Priority OBT 954 Orbitel Telecom Appendix B Network QoS Example In this case no user is ever able to draw more than their fair share of the available up stream bandwidth even if the communication is between two stations on the same 30 MB access points 5A PxP 5A PxP In this case the head end shaper is limiting the incoming demand based on the end user to ensure no user is taking t
27. nsport Protocol Ipv6 Source Demand Routing Routing Header for IPv6 Fragment Header for IPv6 Inter Domain Routing Reservation Protocol General Routing Encapsulation Mobile Host Routing Protocol BNA Encap Security Payload for IPv6 Appendix C Appendix C Protocol List Dec 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 TT 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Keyword AH I NLSP SWIPE NARP MOBILE TLSP SKIP IPv6 ICMP IPv6 NoNxt IPv6 Opts CFTP SAT EXPAK KRYPTOLAN RVD IPPC SAT MON VISA IPCV CPNX CPHB WSN PVP BR SAT MON SUN ND WB MON WB EXPAK ISO IP VMTP SECURE VMTP VINES TTP NSFNET IGP DGP TCF EIGRP OSPFIGP Sprite RPC LARP MTP AX 25 IPIP MICP SCC SP ETHERIP ENCAP GMTP Protocol Authentication Header for IPv6 Integrated Net Layer Security IP with Encryption NBMA Address Resolution IP Mobility Transport Layer Security using Kryptonet key management SKIP ICMP for IPv6 No Next Header for IPv6 Destination Options for IPv6 any host intemal protocol CFTP any local network SATNET and Backroom EXPAK Kryptolan MIT Remote Virtual Disk Internet Pluribus Packet Core any distributed file system SATNET Monitoring VISA Protocol Internet Packet Core Utility Computer Protocol Network Executive Computer Protocol Heart Beat Wang Span Network Packet Video Pro
28. o that there is a minimum of 23 cm 9 06 in of distance between the antenna and people Do not turn on power to the device while installing the antenna Do not connect the antenna while the device is in operation Do not collocate or operate the antenna used with the device in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter In order to ensure compliance with local regulations the installer MUST enter the antenna gain at the time of installation See Chapter 3 Wireless Settings for details Nota ANATEL Este equipamento opera em car ter secund rio isto n o tem direito a prote o contra interfer ncia prejudicial mesmo de esta es do mesmo tipo e n o pode causar interfer ncia a sistemas operando em car ter prim rio OBT 954 iii Orbitel Telecom Safety Information Safety Instructions You must read and understand the following safety instructions before installing the device This antenna s grounding system must be installed according to Articles 810 15 810 20 810 21 of the National Electric Code ANSI NFPA No 70 1993 If you have any questions or doubts about your antenna s grounding system contact a local licensed electrician Never attach the grounding wire while the device is powered If the ground is to be attached to an existing electrical circuit turn off the circuit before attaching the wire Use the Orbitel Power over Ethernet POE adapter only with approved Orbitel models
29. on about the status and performance of your radio Most options and information cannot be modified in this section Stations List AP only This window displays a list of the stations associated with the access point and their connection statistics Stations List Name This information appears here when the device is a Orbitel 6000 and the Extended Wireless Information option in the Administrative Settings window is checked Otherwise the field will be blank You can manually enter a name by left clicking on the field and typing in However if the Extended Wireless Information option is turned on at the client the name you entered will be overwritten with the name on the client Mac Address The Mac addresses of the associated stations IP Address Works as with the Name It appears when the Extended Wireless Information option in the Administrative Settings window is checked Status Indicates if the station is associated or WDS BSSID Signal This is the radio frequency power in dBm as detected at the access point A strong link is defined by both the AP signal and the client signal Links should also be at least 10 dB higher than the receive sensitivity of the weakest element or the noise floor whichever is higher on both sides Speed This is the radio speed of the link Speed is based on both signal strength and the quality of the link If the link is losing a lot of packets due to poor Fresnel zones or interference
30. on utility as well as WEP and WPA security Product Kit The OBT 954 product kit contains the items shown below If any item is missing or damaged contact your local dealer for support OBT 954 device x 1 Ethernet boot cover x 1 Mounting bracket x 1 Gasket x 1 Strain relief x 1 U bolt w 2 nutsx 1 Lock washers x 2 Keps nuts x 8 POE adapter x 1 DC power Mrs adapter x 1 Product Description The LEDs ports and product information are located at the back of the TR 900 Series radio as shown in the picture E LED Panel indicators Perse pone Studs for the boot Serial number cover MAC address Studs for the mounting bracket OBT 954 1 1 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 1 Overview LED Panel Indicators Indicators Red OP Mar n On Ethernet link O Green Flashing Ethernet traffic Off No Ethernet link On Radio link Radio Amber Flashing Radio activity Off No radio link Signal Knee In CPE mode Client Premises Equipment CPE Mode Amber light up in sequence to indicate signal strength On WEP 128 enabled Flashing WEP 64 enabled Off WEP off On WPA AES enabled Amber Flashing WPA TKIP enabled Off WPA off Signal o aen eee ET OBT 954 1 2 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Chapter 2 Hardware Installation The OBT 954 radios are easy to install as you ll see in this chapter Before starting you will need to ge
31. ows you to block certain types of ICMP as a prevention against port scanning and some viruses Protocol Select the protocol used for this rule Update Click to apply changes after editing or deleting a filter OBT 954 3 25 Orbitel Telecom Appendix A Appendix A Grounding and Lightning Protection Information What is a proper ground This antenna must be grounded to a proper earth ground According to the National Electrical Code Sections 810 15s and 810 21 the grounding conductor shall be connected to the nearest accessible locations of the following The building or structure grounding electrode The grounded interior metal water piping system The power service accessible means external to enclosure The metallic power service raceway The service equipment enclosure The grounding electrode conductor Why is coiling the LMR or Cat 5 bad The myth is that lighting follows the path of least resistance It actually follows the path of least impedance Coiling cables creates an air wound transformer which lowers the impedance This means you are in fact making your radios a more appealing target for surges What standard does Orbitel Wireless equipment meet This radio exceeds International Standard IEC 61000 4 5 when properly grounded For a copy of the full testing report see Report Number TRL090904 Orbitel Surge Protection board located on the Orbitel website www Orbitel com Is lightning damage covered by the wa
32. r 192 168 1 100 at Login requires a username and assword Warning This server is requesting that your username and in an insecure manner i password be sent basic authentication Without a secure connection i iM C Remember my password If you re a first time user Enter the default username admin and the default password default 2 Inthe Password Set Reset window change the Administration and Recovery passwords They cannot be left as default and must be different from each other You can change the usernames too Click Apply to save the changes 4 You will be prompted to enter your new username and password in the login dialog You will then access the configuration interface Password Set Reset Administration Password admin A Recovery Password ca ae c c ca The recovery username and password are used to access the Password Set Reset window if the administration password is lost OBT 954 3 3 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Information Page This is the first window of the configuration interface It shows the main menu and information about the device settings like wireless network and security settings The menu is divided in four sections Setup Menu Security Status Network Each section contains navigation links to the configuration windows some of which may be different for access points and CPEs
33. re Enter your IP address Select the protocol used for this rule Click to create a new rule Fields will be cleared After creating a rule click this button to include the new rule in the Port Forwarding Rules list Click to apply changes after editing or deleting a rule 3 24 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Port Filtering This feature allows the radio to block requests to and from devices behind the router A list of the devices filtered appears at the bottom of the window Port Management Port Filtering a Enable Port Filtering Click to apply the rules enabled from the Filter list WAN LAN Select the network Filter Rule ID Enter the filter rule ID here to retrieve its information Edit Delete Click to modify or eliminate the selected filter Allow Deny The rule can either allow or deny ports New Click to create a new filter Fields will be cleared and you may enter the information for the new filter Add After creating a filter click this button to include the new filter in the Filter list Source IP Range Enter the range of IP addresses on the LAN side where the rule would apply Destination IP Range Enter the range of IP addresses on the WAN side where the rule would apply Source Port Range Enter the range of ports on the LAN side where the rule would apply Destination Port Enter the range of ports on the WAN side where the Range rule would apply ICMP Type This all
34. rotocol Simple Message Protocol SM Performance Transparency ISIS over IPv4 Combat Radio Transport Combat Radio User Datagram Secure Packet Shield Private IP Encapsulation within IP Stream Control Transmission Fibre Channel RSVP E2E IGNORE UDPLite MPLS in IP Mobility header Unassigned Use for experimentation and testing Use for experimentation and testing Reserved Orbitel Telecom Appendix D Appendix D Common TCP Ports Visit http www iana org assignments port numbers for a full list of well known port numbers Keyword Port Description ECHO 7 Echo SYSTAT 11 Active Users QOTD 17 Quote of the day MSP 18 Message Send Protocol FTP DATA 20 File Transfer Data Channel FTP 21 File Transfer Control TELNET 23 Telnet SMTP 25 Simple Mail Transfer NAME 42 TCP Nameserver BOOTPS 67 Bootstrap Protocol Server BOOTPC 68 Bootstrap Protocol Client TFTP 69 Trivial File Transfer WWW 80 World Wide Web KERBEROS 88 Kerberos POP3 110 TCP post office NNTP 119 USENET NFS 2049 Network File System SIP 5060 5061 SIP OBT 954 D 1 Orbitel Telecom Appendix E Appendix E Channel Allocations This Table shows the channels available with the OBT 954 radios and the frequencies that they are on OBT 954 E 1 Orbitel Telecom Appendix F Appendix F Wiring Standard TIA EIA 568 B is a set of standards for cabling telecommunications products and services Follow these standards as described in the diagram
35. rranty No Lightning is not covered by the warranty If you follow the instructions your chances of lightning damage are greatly reduced but nothing can protect a radio from a direct lightning strike OBT 954 A 1 Orbitel Telecom Appendix A Where to ground the device This radio must be grounded at the pole and at the POE This is because the radio is between the exterior antenna and the POE ground See the examples below Grounded Radio A grounded radio causes the surge to pass directly to ground bypassing the radio Ungrounded Radio An ungrounded radio causes the surge to pass through the radio In this case the radio most likely will be damaged G em ORTHO T OBT 954 A 2 Orbitel Telecom Appendix A Grounded POE In this case the surge will be picked up by the Cat 5 cable and since the POE is grounded the route for the surge is through the POE to ground Mounting Pale Cat 5 Cable Ungrounded POE In this case the surge will be picked up by the Cat 5 cable and since the POE is not grounded the route for the surge is through the radio to the antenna and out through the building Fe S Mounting Pole Cat 5 Cable OBT 954 A 3 Orbitel Telecom Appendix B Appendix B Quality of Service Configuration QoS Orbitel Telecom s software ensures a consistently high quality online experience through the use of powerful Quality of Service QoS mechanisms The key to
36. rver from your Internet Service Provider Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Access Control AP only This feature allows you to control the accessibility from wireless devices in other words to allow or deny access from other radios It applies only to devices working as access points Access Control Copy All Copy Selected Delete Delete lete Deeuthorize Deeuthorize Authorize Authorize Apply Back to Information Page Enable Access Enable to control accessibility from wireless devices Control Edit Mode Check to make changes in access control settings Authorized Station This is the list of the authorized devices To change Devices current settings check the devices and click Copy All or Copy Selected The devices will appear in the Mac Address box on the right Note If you are working via a radio link add first the address of the station you are connecting from Otherwise you will be locked out of the radio Available Station This list contains the devices available but not Devices authorized To authorize them check the devices and click Copy All or Copy Selected The devices will appear in the Mac Address box on the right Manually Authorize In this box you can perform different actions like Stations authorize deauthorize and delete devices listed here OBT 954 3 12 Orbitel Telecom Status OBT 954 Chapter 3 Configuration This section displays informati
37. stics Select Refresh Rate 5 30 45 Sample Ethernet 2 Total Dropped by Software Dropped by Link Collision Late Collision Excessive Collision Total Dropped by HRT Dropped by DSR Dropped by Software vx Frames over 2048 bytes Frames over 1510 and less than 2040 bytes FCS Error Length Error Alignment Error eeseee2 82888 3 16 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 System Performance Chapter 3 Configuration This window shows information about the memory usage and the CPU Many browsers do not allow infinite refreshes of a page through scripts so this window may stop updating If it does simply change the refresh rate to another value to restart the process System Performance L L o Select Refresh Rate Net Pages Memory Stack Set the time for automatic refreshes This is the memory used for data transmission This is the total memory of the system This section displays the memory used and available for each stack App applications DSR and PCI This information is relevant for programmers 3 17 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Network Configuration In this window you can control the network configuration of the device First you must define if your radio will operate as a bridge or router The content of the window varies depending on your selection When changing modes the radio may need to reboot before certain features become ava
38. t ACK from the access point accepting transmission before re attempting to send the data This is an offset from the ACK timing set by the link distance This is the rate at which the access point broadcasts its beacons The DTIM interval Delivery Traffic Indication Message helps to keep marginal clients connected by sending wake up frames This allows to send data without stopping Note that other wireless devices in the network will not be able to transmit data for this number of microseconds Check to operate in 802 11d mode This mode is not used in USA or Canada Follow the instructions in next page Follow the instructions in next page Check to block wireless communications between clients on the access point It is the maximum output power of the radio Select the country where the device is located Setting an incorrect country may be considered a violation of the applicable law as rules differ in each country Select the gain of the antenna This information must be set by the installer at the time of installation Select type Long uses long preamble only Auto recommended tries short preamble first then long Feature available only in access point wireless mode 3 6 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Chapter 3 Configuration To operate the radio in PxP mode 1 Set one radio to Access Point and the other to Infrastructure Station 2 Enter the same SSID on both radios 3 Set the Channel on the a
39. t by 50 per link WDS does not support WPA encryption gt All links need to be on the same channel 3 9 Orbitel Telecom Security OBT 954 Chapter 3 Configuration In this section you can configure both basic and advanced security settings for your device Basic Security Settings In this window you can define WEP parameters WEP provides security by encrypting data so that it s protected when transmitted from one point to another Basic Security Settings Enabled Check to turn on WEP security protocol Authentication Select your system to be open or shared Open is always recommended Key Length This is the level of encryption Note that 64 bit is referred to as 40 bit on some systems Default Key Select the default WEP key from the list Activate Keys Enter the four WEP keys you want to activate Keys must be entered in HEX only 3 10 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Advanced Security Settings In this window you can enter WPA parameters WPA provides a higher level of security enhancing the security features of WEP Advanced Security Settings Enabled Cipher Type PSK Update Interval Authentication OBT 954 Check to turn on WPA Select the level of encryption Enter your PSK password This is the interval at which the PSK password will be updated Ensures that only authorized network users can access the network Enter the information about the RADIUS se
40. t the tools listed below and decide about the site and orientation of the device Once ready follow the instructions about how to install the Ethernet cable mount the device ground the antenna and make the connections in order to get a proper installation Getting Ready Tools Required To install your OBT 954 radio you will need the following tools 1 2 wrench x 1 3 8 wrench x 1 Cat 5 cable stripper x 1 Cat 5 cable to connect the radio to the POE adapter RJ 45 patch cable RJ 45 crimper x 1 RJ 45 connectors x 4 6 green grounding wire Site Selection Determine the location of the radio before installation Proper placement of the device is critical to ensure optimum radio range and performance You should perform a site survey to determine the optimal location Ensure the CPE is within line of sight of the access point The line of sight is an ellipse called Fresnel zone This zone should be clear of obstacles since obstructions will impede performance of the device d distance Fresnel zone OBT 954 2 1 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Polarity Determine if the antenna s polarization will be horizontal or vertical before installation The TR 900 radios can be used in either polarity The Ethernet boot cover should always be placed so that the cable runs toward the ground for maximum environmental protection Power Supply Only use a power adapter approved for use w
41. the speed will be lower than the strength can support 3 13 Orbitel Telecom OBT 954 Chapter 3 Configuration AP List CPE only This window displays information about the access points associated with the CPE and the connection statistics You can set an access point s SSID as your primary SSID by clicking on the MAC address when it s displayed as a link This will automatically reboot the radio AP List ARP Table This table lists the devices that have communicated with your device via TCP There should be a limited number of entries in this table especially if the interstation blocking is turned on at the access point ARP Table 3 14 Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Statistics This section is divided in 3 windows LMAC Lower Mac UMAC Upper Mac and Ethernet which can be accessed from the Statistic Summary Page Statistics Summary Page Runtime Statistics Settings Enable LMAC TXRX Statistics Enable LMAC Inter upt Statistics v Enable LMAC Rediu Media Statistice Frialidos Filwr tre SI atanta Notes When LMAC TARA statistics is disabled several SNMP attributes will not be available Back to information Page LMAC Statistics The LMAC functions occur in the radio chipset While the UMAC divides the statistics into clean and failed packets LMAC defines why packets failed This window contains three tabs TX RX and INT TX and RX values are useful to ISPs and other users T
42. tocol Backroom SATNET Monitoring SUN ND PROTOCOL Temporary WIDEBAND Monitoring WIDEBAND EXPAK ISO Internet Protocol VMTP SECURE VMTP VINES TTPord Protocol NSFNET IGP Dissimilar Gateway Protocol TCF EIGRP OSPFIGP Sprite RPC Protocol Locus Address Resolution Multicast Transport Protocol AX 25 Frames P within IP Encapsulation Mobile Internetworking Control Semaphore Communications Sec Ethernet within IP Encapsulation Encapsulation Header any private encryption scheme GMTP C 1 Orbitel Telecom Dec Keyword 101 IFMP 102 PNNI 103 PIM 104 ARIS 105 SCPS 106 QNX 107 AN 108 IPComp 109 SNP 110 Compaq Peer IPX in IP VRRP PGM x x x x L2TP DDX IATP STP SRP UTI x x x x x x co Co I O2 01 C5 82 gt x x x x x N e OBT 954 Protocol Ipsilon Flow Management PNNI over IP Protocol Independent Multicast ARIS SCPS QNX Active Networks IP Payload Compression Sitara Networks Protocol Compaq Peer Protocol IPX in IP Virtual Router Redundancy PGM Reliable Transport any 0 hop protocol Layer Two Tunneling Protocol D II Data Exchange DDX Interactive Agent Transfer Schedule Transfer Protocol SpectraLink Radio Protocol UTI Dec 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 252 253 254 255 Keyword SMP SM PTP ISSIS FIRE CRTP CRUDP SSCOPMCE IPLT SPS PIPE SCTP FC Appendix C P
43. which cannot be used here 6 Click OK and Close L Local Area Connection Properties Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General Authentication Advanced General Connect using You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for EB Realtek ATL8139 810x Family Fast the appropriate IP settings This connection uses the following items Obtain an IP address automatically w E Client for Microsoft Networks NEZ Use the following IP address M JE File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks IP adit 192 168 1 188 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Default gateway Description Transmission Control Protocol Intemet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks Preferred DNS server Use the following DNS server addresses UNE E Altemate DNS server Show icon in notification area when connected v Notify me when this connection has limited or no connectivity Orbitel Telecom Chapter 3 Configuration Changing the IP Address Using the OrbitelLocator The Orbitel Locator is a utility that allows users to quickly change the IP address of the Orbitel radios It sends out a broadcast on the network and displays a list of other Orbitel radios connected from which you can configure
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