uBug12JE User Manual
Contents
1. Aa 10 11 12 13 uBug12 interaction and set the baud rate that is used by the SCI port selected Once this is done save the source and assemble it to generate an S record file You can go to http mamoru tbreesama googlepages com to get an IDE that will explain how to set up a freeware assembler and IDE to work with the Adapt board With power off the module connect the BDM pod to the board using the 10 pin BDM connector Connect the BDM serial interface to your computer serial port Start up Hyperterminal or some similar terminal program to communicate with the BDM pod over its serial interface The program will have to have XON XOFF enabled on it for flow control Hyperterminal allows this to be selected when the connection is first set up Connect power to the board This will also power the BDM pod via the BDM interface The terminal screen should show the startup message for the D BUG12 program Type the command STOP to stop the serial monitor from running Type FBULK to erase all Flash contents This will also clear out any user application stored into Flash memory Type FLOAD B The B extension to this command is important On Hyperterminal go to the top of the window and select Transfer gt Send Text File Hyperterminal will now prompt for the filename to transfer Select the correct S record file with the adaptation of the Serial Monitor you need to install The BDM pod will respond with a character for each segm2. Syntax MEMINFO Name Show device memory information Description Displays the memory parameters for this MCU such as ranges for PPAGE RAM and other memory as applicable for this device Other Considerations None Syntax MM address data8value Name Memory Modify byte Description The byte in memory at address is written to have the value of data8value Other Considerations If address is in RAM then the MM command is automatically re entered on the command line with the next sequential address All that is needed is the new value for that location to be entered This allows small routines to be entered quickly into RAM for testing The repeat mode is exited by just pressing the Enter key without inputting a value to write to the prompted location WARNING It is not recommended to use MM to program Flash or EEPROM memory These memories are best programmed by word values rather than byte values MMW Syntax MMW address data16value Name Memory Modify Word Description The word in memory at address is written to have the value of data16value Other Considerations It is best to use this command at an even word boundary i e Address Bit 0 has a value of 0 WARNING Flash and EEPROM should only be programmed on even word boundaries with 16 bit values PC Syntax PC data16value Name Set Program Counter value Description Changes the current value of the Program Counter register to data16value Other Considerations Chang
3. This script does xxx The comment will print to the uBug12 output window when it is encountered as will each command in the script as it is run However comments do not cause any communication with the S12 board uBug12 Miscellaneous Features The uBug12 Menu bar provides a few extra features that allow you to tailor your usage of the program First File gt Save Transcript will prompt you for a filename to save a copy of your session on This is great if you want to automatically record disassembler output memory dumps or just troubleshooting steps taken Selecting the option again will turn off the recording session Second File gt Load S Record provides a shortcut to burning Flash If all you need to do is burn in an S record just select this function after the program starts It will automatically do the following Prompt for an S record filename to burn to Flash If it exists it will then continue Use CON to search for the serial port and connect to the board Use FBULK to erase the Flash memory Use FLOAD to load in the S Record to Flash The Help Menu provides options to Provide an alternate method of generating the output to the HELP command Initiate a browser session to the Technological Arts website Provide an About box that shows the uBug12 Java Edition version and other information related to contacting Technological Arts Another feature is that of History You can use the keyboard arrow keys to scroll through
4. Using TRACE clears out all previously set breakpoints It can not be used to single step through the serial monitor itself It must not be used to single step through any code that is setting the CPU clock even if it is to the same value as the serial monitor as this will cause communication to break between uBug12 and the serial monitor VERF Syntax VERF filename Name Verify memory contents with S record Description This command compares the contents of an S record file with the current contents of Flash EEPROM RAM memory There is no distinction between the memory types when doing the comparison S1 and S2 records can both be used Other Considerations If a filename is not given with the command uBug12 will prompt for one Execution of this command can take a long time with large S record files The output will also be lengthy if the S record is completely different from memory VERSION Syntax VERSION Name Show current Serial Monitor Version in Flash Description This reads a fixed location in the serial monitor code where the version numbers are recorded It prints to the screen the version number along with the date of that version Sample output is Serial Monitor Version 2 3 5 19 9 Other Considerations None X Syntax X data16value Name Set X register value Description Changes the current value of the X register to data16value Other Considerations None Y Syntax Y data16value Name Set Y register
5. a clean way Other Considerations On commands that are expected to run quickly ABORT has no affect Instead internal timeout counters will abort the thread if it does not complete in a timely fashion B Syntax B data8value Name Modify B Register Description Changes the current value of the B register to data8value Other Considerations None BF Syntax BF startAddress endAddress data8value Name Block Fill with byte values Description Fills each byte in the specified data range inclusive with the value of data8value Other Considerations WARNING It is not recommended to use BF to program Flash or EEPROM memory These memories are best programmed by word values rather than byte values BFW Syntax BFW startAddress endAddress data16value Name Block Fill with Word value Description Fills each 16 bit word in the specified data range inclusive with the value of data16value Other Considerations It is best to use this command starting at an even word boundary i e Address Bit 0 has a value of 0 WARNING Flash and EEPROM should only be programmed on even word boundaries with 16 bit values BR Syntax BR address12 gpage BRB address12 gpage BRC address12 gpage BRD address12 gpage Name Define Breakpoint A B C or D in the MCU Debug module Description Sets the hardware debug module with a breakpoint to a memory location That breakpoint is triggered when it is accessed either by an instructio
6. available so if one does not work uninstall uBug12 and reinstall with another version If none of these work try installing it manually onto your system You can deselect installation of the library in the installer to do this Linux installation may require RXTX be installed manually by the root account For Ubuntu installing the librxtx java package should be enough uBug12 also uses the Serial library from Processing Copyright c 2004 Ben Fry amp Casey Reas This is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation The modified source code has been included so you can see what was changed and are free to change it further if you wish for your platform Windows ALL If USB to Serial is being done first plug in the USB cable between the computer and the S12 board Windows will prompt that it has found new hardware and is searching for a driver On Vista this Microsoft Update for the driver will seem to take forever Be patient XP Works well with standard RXTX install Vista Works with RXTX 2 2 Prerelease Windows 7 Starter Works with RXTX 2 2 Prerelease Windows 7 for 64 bit Works best with the default 32 bit version of the Java JRE installed and 32 bit RXTX drivers such as the Prerelease 2 2 version The default JRE is 32 bit because the default browser used is the 32 bit version of IE Reliability issues have occurred with the 64 bit JRE and 64 bit RXTX on some syste
7. previously executed commands This makes it easy to repeat or modify any command line already run without having to retype the entire line Command Glossary This section lists all the commands used by uBug12 The commands fall into several categories Registers RD RM D X Y SP PC A B CCR CCH PP EP RP GP Memory BF BFW MD MDW MM MMW Flash EEPROM FBULK EBULK FPERASE FLOAD ELOAD RLOAD VERF FVERF FSAVE Informational DEVICE MEMINFO VERSION Debugging GO HALT RESET TRACE BR BRB BRC BRD DISASM GUI CON DISCON ABORT EXIT HELP DOS TERM CLEAR Each of the uBug12 commands will now be listed in ASCII order Command options will be shown in curly braces like filename Required parameters will be in italics such as data8value All numbers are assumed to be in hexadecimal by the parser For 8 bit values if a number is provided larger than 8 bits then only the lower 8 bits are used For 16 bit values if a number is provided larger than 16 bits then only the lower 16 bits are used A Syntax A data8value Name Modify A Register Description Changes the current value of the A register to data8value Other Considerations None ABORT Syntax ABORT Name Abort the currently running command thread Description When a command is executed it is forked off as another process ABORT can be used on only potentially long running commands such as VERF FLOAD FSAVE MD MDW etc to end that process in
8. results of running commands At the bottom of the window is a one line text input box This is where you type commands for uBug12 to execute The program can be terminated by one of the following actions 1 Clicking on the red X in the upper right corner 2 Selecting File on the Menu bar and then Exit 3 Typing EXIT on the command line followed by the Enter key Connecting to the Module WARNING The MCU board contains electrostatic sensitive components and it is recommended that standard electrostatic precautions be taken when handling the module There does not have to be a visible spark for a dangerous voltage to affect the electronics Just walking accross a carpet on a dry day is enough to build up a potentially damaging amount of static charge Recommended precautions include using a wrist grounding strap and or a grounded workstation The module can also be installed in a protective housing to keep it isolated from undesired external voltage sources You will need a Freescale MCU board with a variant of the HCS12 or S12X processors such as one of the processor boards available from Technological Arts with an available serial port Some boards come with a built in serial port to USB adapter which can also be used The on chip Flash memory must also be programmed with a serial monitor compatible with the one described in the Freescale document AN2548 Next the board must be connected to your computer via a cable for commu
9. you NOT write the EEPROM write protect byte Location 0FFD for S12X devices Check your MCU documentation to get the location for your board This will set write protection for the EEPROM which includes that location This means the module will prevent further erasing or programming of the specified section by the serial monitor If this is done the possibility exists that a value could be accidentally written into this memory location that will disable the entire EEPROM from any further writing or erasure Should that occur the only way to reset the EEPROM memory will be with the use of a BDM pod After memory is programmed uBug12 will report how long it took to accomplish If there is a time of zero reported it most likely means that uBug12 found the S2 record was not formatted as expected l e Incorrect address range Script Command Buttons At the top of the uBug12 program window above the text boxes there are four buttons These are provided for user defined functions The first one is already defined with a sample script that executes the help start command You can change this to your own defined function For example instead of having to type CON 5 every time you need to reconnect to the board a button can be set up to do this automatically uBug12 can also be set up to run a command or commands at start up To do this you will have to manually create a text file listing the commands you want run one command per line As a
10. Description Show assembler source for num_instr lines specified in decimal and starting at address given in hexadecimal If address is absent the current PC value is used If the number of instructions to decode is not specified then only the next instruction will be done Other Considerations Some indexed instructions may appear in a non standard format Also if decoding in the PPage area of Flash it will use the current PPage value DISCON Syntax DISCON Name Disconnect from target board Description Terminates the serial communication between uBug12 and the Technological Arts module uBug12 will respond with DISCONNECTED The CON command will be needed to establish the connection again if needed Other Considerations This is only useful if you want to have another application use the same serial port to talk to the target board and don t want to terminate uBug12 while that communication is taking place DOS Syntax DOS Native_OS_command Name Native Operating System command execution Description This is designed to be used in a command script to allow automation of the troubleshooting process For example to start up a text editor a command line in Windows could be set up as DOS C Program Files WinEdit WinEdit exe C S12XIDE IDE Fcode asm Other Considerations For Windows it is best to enclose command components in double quote characters particularly if pathnames have spaces in them It is also recommended us
11. ault RPAGE value of FD for the S12X series S2 files are assummed to be in a banked format This means that the most significant byte of the 24 bit address in each record line is used to program the associated RPAGE register on the S12X The other 16 bits in the address must be in the bank area for that memory RAM S2 records must have the 16 bit address between 1000 and 1FFF What this means is that to use an S2 file to program RAM starting at 2000 the S record will have its start address as FE1000 RM Syntax RM registerName data8 16value Name Register Modify Description Updates the specified register with the value provided Valid register names are A B D CCH CCR SP PC X Y PP EP RP and GP Other Considerations This command is included for compatibility as usually one would just reference the register itself to modify its contents RP Syntax RP data8value Name Set RPAGE register value Description This is an S12X command and sets which 4K page of RAM memory is visible in the CPU memory space from 1000 through 1FFF Other Considerations If the PC register is currently pointed to somewhere in this range unpredictable results will occur when a TRACE or GO instruction is used Only valid values will be accepted uBug12 will reject any other values SP Syntax SP data16value Name Set Stack Pointer register value Description Changes the current value of the Stack Pointer register to data16value Other Conside
12. cord line is used to program the associated EPAGE register on the S12X The other 16 bits in the address must be in the bank area for that memory EEPROM S2 records must have the 16 bit address between 0800 and 0BFF What this means is that to use an S2 file to program EEPROM starting at 0C00 the S record will have its start address as FFO800 WARNING If you are planning planning to use the serial monitor to program and erase the EEPROM it is recommended that you NOT write the EEPROM location at 0FFD for S12X devices etc Check the documentation for your MCU for the precise memory location used to set write protection This will set write protection for the EEPROM which includes that location This means the module will prevent further erasing or programming of the specified section by the serial monitor If this is done the possibility exists that a value could be accidentally written into this memory location that will disable the entire EEPROM from any further writing or erasure Should that occur the only way to reset the EEPROM memory will be with the use of a BDM pod EP Syntax EP data8value Name Set EPAGE register to value Description This is an S12X series command Setting the EPAGE register determines which EEPROM 1K bank is visible in the CPU address space from 0800 to OBFF Usually EEPROM size is 4K so there are only four banks available Other Considerations If the PC register is currently pointed to somewhere in this
13. e value for S12X series Description This sets the upper byte of the 16 bit Condition Code register in the S12X CPU The lower three bits are the only ones used and they hold the Interrupt Priority Level IPL value IPL can only have values between 0 and 7 inclusive This is a way of prioritizing interrupts so that no interrupts at this level or below will be serviced Other Considerations If IPL is set to 7 no maskable interrupts will be serviced even if the bit is cleared in standard Condition Code register Lower 8 bits of Condition Code register CCR Syntax CCR data8value Name Change Condition Code Register value Description This changes the flags in the Condition Code Register which is used to control program flow arithmetic operations and interrupt handling The bits correspond to the following flags Bit 7 Stop enable Bit 6 XIRQ mask Bit 5 Half Carry Bit 4 Interrupt mask Bit 3 Negative Bit 2 Zero Bit 1 Overflow Bit 0 Carry Borrow Other Considerations Changing the CC register can cause the user program behavior to become unpredicable CLEAR Syntax CLEAR Name Clear the screen display Description Clears the text area on the screen Other Considerations None CON Syntax CON comport baudrate Name Connect to target board Description This sets up the communication between uBug12 and the serial monitor in the Flash memory It will search for the Serial port if it is not specified Otherwi
14. ent of the file that it burns into memory Once completed D BUG12 will present the command prompt again Disconnect power from the module at this point and remove the BDM pod Terminate the terminal program You are now ready to use the board with uBug12 Java Edition Last Updated Tuesday 08 May 2012 07 17
15. gram is running you will see two text sections that occupy most of the program window The upper box is where the program prints its output The one line lower text box is where you type in commands For your first command type HELP followed by the Enter key on your computer All commands are completed by use of the Enter key The upper output box should then show a summary of the commands uBug12 understands at that point The list of available commands will change based on whether or not uBug12 is communicating with a board and the type of MCU on that board The second command to type in uBug12 is CON which is shorthand for CONnect to connect to the board via the serial connection Just typing CON will cause the program to search for the connected serial port If you specify a Windows COM port this will need to be specified as in CON 5 for COM port 5 If the connection is successful the program will report that the connection is established by printing CONNECTED Otherwise you will get Connection Error Unable to open COM1 The port number will be replaced by the actual port number you specify The port name can also be specified completely for all OS types Port names are case sensitive though even for Windows So COMS is legal but com5 isn t On some systems the port search variation of the CON command may not work This is not an issue with uBug12 but is due to the Operating system and its interaction with its native serial
16. ing the PC register will change what the next instruction executed will be when TRACE or GO are used if GO does not have an address specified PP Syntax PP data8value Name Set PPAGE register value Description This changes the Flash page visible in the CPU address space from 8000 through BFFF Other Considerations If the PC register is set to an address in this region changing PPAGE will cause unpredictable results if user program execution resumes with TRACE or GO Only valid values are accepted uBug12 will reject any other values RD Syntax RD Name Register Display Description Displays the contents of the S12 X CPU registers along with PPAGE and other related registers A typical result would look like this PP PE SP x Y D A B CCR SXHI NZVC IPL EP RP GP FE FFFF 4000 0000 0000 00 00 1101 0000 00 FE FD 00 Other Considerations The register values are as the application program sees them not as the serial monitor is currently using them RESET Syntax RESET Name Reset target board Description Forces a hardware reset of the module Other Considerations This command causes a COP timeout to force a hardware reset on the board RLOAD Syntax RLOAD filename Name Load S record into RAM memory Description Programs RAM memory with an S1 or S2 S record file Other Considerations If a filename is not provided uBug12 will present a dialog box for the user to select the S record file S1 files will use the def
17. ing the full pathname for the executable and any parameters that need it as in the example above This command is intended mainly for use in command script text files rather than manual use with the input text box Windows built in commands must be entered as in this example dos cmd c dir EBULK Syntax EBULK Name Erase Full EEPROM Description Erases all of the on chip EEPROM memory except protected memory at the top of EEPROM if that has been set up Other Considerations WARNING If you are planning to use the serial monitor to program and erase the EEPROM it is recommended that you NOT write protect the EEPROM This means the module will prevent further erasing or programming of the specified section by the serial monitor Be careful as the possibility exists that a value could be accidentally written into the memory location that will disable the entire EEPROM from any further writing or erasure Should that occur the only way to reset the EEPROM memory will be with the use of a BDM pod ELOAD Syntax ELOAD filename Name EEPROM program of S record Description Programs EEPROM memory with an S1 or S2 S record file Other Considerations If a filename is not provided uBug12 will present a dialog box for the user to select the S record file S1 files will use the default EPAGE value of FE for the S12X series S2 files are assummed to be in a banked format This means that the most significant byte of the 24 bit address in each re
18. ms Again this is not an issue with uBug12 itself Mac You may need to install RXTX manually Linux Be sure there are native drivers installed first for the serial port especially if it is a USB to serial port Also you will need to manually set the execution bit on the shortcut for it to be able to run the program when clicked The program can be started without a module connected to the computer and it can be useful to do this just to see the program run With the shortcut as explained above just double click on the icon to start the program You will see a flash page with the Technological Arts logo for a couple of seconds before the main program starts up If it starts correctly you should see a program window as shown below Otherwise you will need to review the steps taken previously to install the program If there is a problem try uninstalling the program redownloading it and reinstalling This should take care of most issues uBugi2 Java Edition File Help Welcome to uBugl2 Java Edition Copyright 2012 by Technological Arts The program screen has four sections At the top is the Menu bar containing the Released under the GNU General Public License Ver 3 menu words File and Help Underneath that are four buttons that can be configured For initial help with this program type help start to run user defined command scripts This is described later The main part of the window is the text output box where uBug12 types the
19. n execution or a read or write of data at that location Other Considerations It is possible to enter up to either two or four breakpoints depending on the MCU type However there are several rules to keep in mind when using Breakpoints 1 You must use the BR command to enter the first breakpoint Doing so will clear out any other breakpoints that have been set 2 Never set a breakpoint on an instruction that changes the system clock even if it is to the same value If you do when the breakpoint is hit uBug12 will drop the connection 3 The BR command can be followed by BRB BRC and or BRD It is recommended that they be set in this order 4 Since the S12X series uses a 23 bit physical address space the actual address used by the S12X type Debug module is a Global Address which is why the GPage for the breakpoint can be entered as part of the command If this is left out the program assumes a value of 7F which will work for any standard Flash location in that series PPAGE FE 5 Ifa breakpoint is set for any other location for the S12X series i e RAM or EEPROM You will need to set GPAGE value AND adjust the address accordingly to be in the Global address space 6 Use of the TRACE command clears out all breakpoints 7 Once a breakpoint is triggered the Debug module is disarmed You will need to re enter at least one breakpoint to rearm the module CCH Syntax CCH data8value Name Change Condition Code Register High byt
20. nication to occur For Adapt style boards and other boards with RS 232C interface this will require an RS 232C serial connection between the two systems If your computer does not have a serial port available you can use a USB to serial converter to provide the necessary interface The Technological Arts USB2COM or USB232 USB to serial converter interface products will work should you need one The serial cable should go to the 9 pin D connector on the module which is mapped to SCIO on the MCU If the S12 module you are using has a built in USB interface e g Esduino just connect it to your computer via a USB cable Once the serial cable is in place check to make sure the Load Run switch is in the Load position and then power can be applied to the module That s all that is required to get the two systems physically connected You are then ready to have uBug12 communicate with the board It is also possible that your Technological Arts Adapt module has been programmed with a version of the serial monitor that uses SC11 if it exists rather than SCIO This may be the case if the module was either received from or set up by another party If so you will need an adapter that plugs into the 4 pin header next to SCIO on the board Technological Arts provides a cable SCPC9 for SCI1 that plugs into the header and provides a standard 9 pin D connector just like SCIO Once the hardware connection is made start up the uBug12 program After the pro
21. o use a banked S2 file to program S12X Flash starting at 4000 the S record will have its start address as FD8000 FPERASE Syntax FPERASE data8value Name Erase specific PPAGE in Flash memory space Description Erases the specified 16K page in Flash memory Other Considerations Only valid values for the MCU type are allowed All others are rejected If no value is given the default reset value will be used FSAVE Syntax FSAVE filename Name Save Flash contents to file Description The entire contents of the MCU Flash is written to disk using the provided filename If a filename is not provided you will be prompted for one Other Considerations The S record file is in banked S2 format FVERF Syntax FVERF filename Name Fast Verify Flash memory contents with S record Description This is an optimized compare for an S record file with the current contents of Flash memory ONLY S1 or S2 records can be used Other Considerations If a filename is not given with the command uBug12 will prompt for one The output will also be lengthy if the S record is completely different from memory GO Syntax GO address Name Start User application execution Description This starts the user application code at address Other Considerations Internally this does an RTI assembly instruction If the address is not specified the current value of the PC register is used GP Syntax GP data8value Name Set GPAGE register val
22. port drivers Instead first EXIT uBug12 restart the program then specify the port explicitly with CON It may be possible that the version of the serial monitor programmed into your module is modified to communicate using a different baud rate This will not generally be the case as all boards from Technological Arts are programmed to use the default baud rate of 115200 However if your serial monitor program has been changed for baud rate you will have to use the CON command with both a port number and baud rate specified Example CON 5 9600 At this point the module should be communicating with the uBug12 program If reset is pressed on the board most likely you will need to enter the same CON command again to reconnect If there are problems check your serial cable make sure the board has power applied and the green LED is on and make sure the Load Run switch is in the Load position Then press the Reset button on the board again and retry the CON command The next command to use is VERSION This will check the version of the serial monitor currently installed in Flash uBug12 requires that the microcontroller have a serial monitor programmed into the top 2K of Flash memory The serial monitor is based on the popular AN2548 version originally developed for the HCS12 processor series but is adapted to the particular CPU environment If your flash does not have a serial monitor programmed into it you will need to program it into the fla
23. range unpredictable results will occur when a TRACE or GO instruction is used The standard valid values are from FC through FF uBug12 will reject any other values EXIT Syntax EXIT Name Exit uBug12 program Description This terminates the uBug12 program Other Considerations Aliases of BYE and QUIT are also accepted FBULK Syntax FBULK Name Erase all Flash and EEPROM memories Description This will erase all Flash and EEPROM memory on the MCU except for any protected areas Other Considerations If the protected area of EEPROM needs to be reprogrammed a BDM pod will be required to do this FLOAD Syntax FLOAD filename Name Load Flash memory from S record Description Programs Flash memory with an S1 or S2 S record file in either banked or linear format Other Considerations If a filename is not provided uBug12 will present a dialog box for the user to select the S record file S1 files will use the default PPAGE value of FE 3D or 3E as appropriate for the MCU type S2 files are determined to be in either banked or linear format based on MCU type and address range in the S record This means that for the banked format the most significant byte of the 24 bit address in each record line is used to program the associated PPAGE register on the MCU The other 16 bits in the address must be in the bank area for that memory Flash S2 records must have the 16 bit address between 8000 and BFFF What this means is that t
24. rations If this is changed and the user application is currently in a subroutine when an RTS is done the program will return to whatever value is on the top of the stack Also since the serial monitor keeps all the CPU register values on the stack when it is running changing the Stack Pointer here will change all the values shown for the other registers It is best to only let the application program change the SP value TERM Syntax TERM terminal program path Name Terminal program Description Calls the terminal program By default this is TeraTerm Pro on Windows systems which you can obtain for free at http support technologicalarts ca docs Third 20Party TeraTermPro However you can choose to specify a path to your own terminal program You can also change the default program called by going to the Menu bar to File gt Script Paths Other Considerations The program will first close the serial connection from uBug12 to the board before calling the terminal program which is assumed will reopen the same serial connection when it is opened TRACE Syntax TRACE Name Trace Single instruction of user application Description This executes one CPU instruction of the user s application pointed to by the PC register Immediately after using TRACE the Enter key can be hit repeatedly to single step through the subsequent instructions The mode can be exited by simply entering a different command on the text line Other Considerations
25. se it must be given the OS name for the port The default value for baudrate is 115200 and need only be specified here if there is a modification to the serial monitor in Flash that requires a different value Other Considerations CON will report a failure if the cable is not physically making a connection the port name listed is incorrect or if the baud rate is not matching between uBug12 and the serial monitor If using CON to search for the port causes uBug12 to hang then you will need to EXIT uBug12 restart the program and specify the port explicity with CON Also incorrect parameters will put uBug12 in a state that will require a restart of the program Port names are case sensitive even with Windows e g COM5 You may also use a shortcut for Windows of only specifying a port number i e 5 for COM5 uBug12 will then prepend the COM string D Syntax D data16value Name Change D register to value Description Changes the current value of the D register to data16value Other Considerations Remember that D is a concatenation of the A and B registers with A being the most significant byte DEVICE Syntax DEVICE Name Print out device type connected to uBug12 Description This checks the Device ID register on the chip and prints out the device type Sample output is MC9S12XDP512 Rev 1 0 Other Considerations None DISASM Syntax DISASM num_instr address Name Disassemble instruction s in memory
26. sh memory However to do this will require the use of a BDM pod See the Appendix for the upgrade procedure Programming the Module The most common use for uBug12 will be to program the Flash and or EEPROM memory if it exists This can easily be done with the FBULK FLOAD and ELOAD commands FBULK will clear both Flash and EEPROM memory FLOAD will program Flash and ELOAD will load an S record into EEPROM Both FLOAD and ELOAD when run will prompt for you to select the S record file to load into memory uBug12 will accept both S1 and S2 type S record files S2 files are interpreted to be in a banked or linear format The software figures this out from the address field and the memory type being programmed Banked format means that the most significant byte of the 24 bit address in each record line is used to program the associated PAGE register for the memory The S12X series for example has multiple PAGE registers PPAGE for Flash and EPAGE for EEPROM The other 16 bits in the address must be in the bank area for that memory For Flash this mean between 8000 and BFFF EEPROM S2 records must have the 16 bit address in the range for your MCU type What this means is that to use an S2 file to program Flash on an S12X series device starting at 4000 the S record will have its start address as FD8000 Standard S12 devices would use 3D8000 WARNING If you are planning to use the serial monitor to program and erase EEPROM it is recommended that
27. terrupts correctly when troubleshooting The serial monitor then uses a pseudo vector table at F710 F7FF for user applications which mirror the default locations at FF10 FFFF Your application can not use the same SCI port as the serial monitor By default the serial monitor uses SCIO If you need SCIO for your application the serial monitor in Flash will have to be reprogrammed with a version that uses a different serial port such as SCI1 If you need to use the HALT command when debugging the application has to leave interrupts enabled as often as possible This is because the serial monitor uses the SCI interrupt when HALT is done If interrupts are masked when you need to HALT then HALT will have no effect Appendix How to Use a BDM Pod to Upgrade the Serial Monitor You may also choose to reinstall the serial monitor if you need a different option like different baud rate serial port or CPU clock speed To reinstall the serial monitor program you will need to follow the procedure below This assumes that the Technological Arts UBDM12XG5 BDM pod is being used with Hyperterminal on a Windows computer to communicate with the BDM pod A Download the current version of the serial monitor assembly source from the Technological Arts web site at http support technologicalarts ca docs 2 You will need to modify the assembly code to implement the options you want This is documented in the source You can choose to use SCIO or SCI1 for
28. test create a text file called connect txt and have it contain the following two lines CON 5 lt Replace the number here with whatever COM port you use VERSION Now at the top of the uBug12 window click on File Under this will be an option for Script Paths Click on this option Once selected a new dialog box will appear This will allow you to set up the name for each of the four buttons as well as enter the path to the command script text file to parse when the associated button is clicked The first path name text box will not have a button name text box to go with it This is because this first entry is for the command script to use when the program is first started Go ahead and enter a name of Connect for the first button name text box Use the Browse button at the end of the line to browse to where you have saved the connect txt file created above After the file is accepted you will see the file path in the path text box Finally press on OK to accept these changes The main screen will now be updated with the first button showing Connect as its label Clicking on this button will now run the connect command followed by VERSION The other script buttons can be set up similarly A typical setup could be for Connect Erase Program and Debug for the four button names One other command available with command scripts is the apostrophe character This is used to denote the start of a comment as in this example line
29. uBug12JE User Manual Introduction Welcome uBug12JE is a Java based multi platform program designed specifically to interact with the serial monitors programmed into the Flash of most Technological Arts HCS12 and S12X microcontroller modules It is able to program and erase memory disassemble a range of program memory and assist in debugging user developed applications This manual provides the information needed to use all the capabilities that uBug12JE has to offer We ll start by explaining how to install the program onto your computer Next we will outline how to connect your computer to your MCU module target so that uBug12JE can communicate with it Then you ll be shown how to use uBug12JE to program the target with an S record file You will next learn how to take advantage of the user defined buttons to make the development cycle easier along with some miscellaneous features We then provide a Glossary listing all of the commands available in uBug12JE This is followed by a short list of essential rules to follow when developing software with uBug12JE The manual concludes with an Appendix describing the procedure if needed to program the serial monitor into your target MCU as required by uBug12JE uBug12JE provides a means to program S12 and S12X targets and troubleshoot most user developed code issues without the use of an external BDM pod This includes capabilities to examine and change memory locations register values single step thro
30. ue Description This is an S12X command This sets the GPAGE register with the lower 7 bits of data8value GPAGE can not have bit 7 set so the command will always keep this bit at zero Other Considerations The GPAGE register is only used by instructions made for Global Addressing like GLDAA HALT Syntax HALT Name Halt user application execution Description This command is used when a user application is running to stop program execution immediately and force the serial monitor to take over Other Considerations HALT is generally used to troubleshoot when an application is stuck in a loop or not behaving properly HELP Syntax HELP command Name List uBug12 commands to screen Description List uBug12 commands that are currently allowed based on current connection status to MCU and type of MCU or show detailed help for the stated command Other Considerations None MD Syntax MD startAddress endAddress Name Memory Display byte Description Displays the memory locations from startAddress to endAddress inclusive If endAddress is not provided MD will display eight bytes starting at startAddress Other Considerations None MDW Syntax MDW startAddress endAddress Name Memory Display Word Description Displays the memory locations from startAddress to endAddress inclusive If endAddress is not provided MDW will display eight words starting at startAddress Other Considerations None MEMINFO
31. ugh code and set multiple breakpoints at any point in memory For debugging capabilities beyond this a BDM pod will be needed The Technological Arts UBSDMLT pod is a good low cost choice for this Installation The uBug12JE installer can be downloaded from the Technological Arts archive site at http support technologicalarts ca docs uBug12 20JE The installer program will need to be saved to your computer hard drive and then run On Windows systems it will install uBug12 under Program Files on the C drive by default It will also install in the corresponding default directories for Mac and Linux systems Once the program is installed a shortcut to the program will be added to your desktop This will make starting it up easier uBug12 works best with the latest version of the Java JRE installed i e Java 6 Update 30 or later When you upgrade your JRE you MUST uninstall all older JRE versions first uBug12 requires the use of the RXTX library to function This library allows uBug12 to use a Serial Port to communicate with an S12 MCU Your system must already have its native drivers installed to use the serial port for general communication RXTX just allows Java to access that native OS driver If there is an issue getting connected you may need to install this library manually onto your system See http rxtx qbang org wiki index php Main_Page The installer can attempt to install the RXTX library for you There are several variations
32. value Description Changes the current value of the Y register to data16value Other Considerations None Writing Compatible Applications There are several points to keep in mind when writing applications if you plan to use uBug12 and the serial monitor for debugging If these rules are not followed the serial monitor will not be able to be used for troubleshooting Instead a BDM pod will be required 1 The S12 X CPU clock speed must match between the serial monitor and the application Since the serial monitor sets the SCI port values for baud rate based on clock speed changing the clock rate will cause uBug12 and the serial monitor to lose communication This also means that if the application has code to configure the CPU clock even if it is to the same rate as the serial monitor you will not be able to use breakpoints or single step through that piece of code The serial monitor fixes the Direct Page register on the S12X type MCUs at the default value of 00 Since this is a write once register an application will not be able to change it if the serial monitor is running Furthermore if it is changed the serial monitor will no longer function correctly since it uses direct addressing for code accessing the registers from 0000 through 00FF The S12X serial monitor fixes the write once IVBR register to the default value of FF This sets up where the interrupt vectors are held The monitor has to do this so that it can handle SCI in
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