UltraScan User's Guide Standard Series
Contents
1. aa I HARDWARE DESCRIPTION cdta ex c ocukevbn ee eee eoe sYeeivev ee NAN seb R ae UR I Al SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS creer anus I A2 DESCRIPTION M Ban II AS INSTALLATION sein Airin PRA BANGTAN NN NN NB ER V ASL Pressure TWIOSum e hoe dee te tete treten ure Slee E i deu ne an iie B VI 43 2 Mounting the c mera o ted e RI Reti debe I e eu Pe o etel VIII 23 3 Water dines ome men AE t Or Me RUD a n a alk ata la feline Led oe an IX a3 Electricalconhecliong es eet tete eer team ette e a eset eedem e M mri e o XII 43 5 Shutterscontrol output zio no eme eit epe bete t c nette etes XIII AJO Sh tter override Output ii ttt EN XIII APPENDIX c E XIV CECERTIF CA TON ten ana en ANE an De en H XIV DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY A ia dai XV IND EK A ana XVI UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 v List of Figures FIGURE 2 1 FIGURE 2 2 FIGURE 2 3 FIGURE 2 4 FIGURE 2 5 FIGURE 2 6 FIGURE 2 7 FIGURE 2 8 FIGURE 2 9 FIGURE 2 10 FIGURE 2 11 FIGURE 2 12 FIGURE 2 13 FIGURE 2 14 FIGURE 3 1 FIGURE 3 2 FIGURE 3 3 FIGURE 3 4 FIGURE 3 5 FIGURE 3 6 FIGURE 3 7 FIGURE 3 8 FIGURE 3 9 FIGURE 3 10 FIGURE Al FIGURE A2 FIGURE A3 FIGURE A4 FIGURE A5 FIGURE A6 FIGURE A7 DIGITALMICROGRAPH WORKPLACE csssssscssssssssssvsssscssocs2. Fax 0424 38 7228 Gatan France Tel 33 0 1 30 59 59 29 Fax 33 0 1 30 59 59 39 Gatan Singapore Tel 65 6235 0995 Fax 65 6235 8869 Gatan Online http www gatan com Info gatan com help gatan com UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 iii Table of Contents ULTRASCAN USER S GUIDE STANDARD SERIES oooocoooooo ooooooooooooooocooooooocoooocooconeccemmnnatnannan 1 PRE BA CEB D P H I ABOUT THIS GUIDE Gee Ai NN NN I PREVIEW OE THIS GUIDE 2 RESES E Erbe ee e tee BREMEN Ct viv Re ees I DISCLAIMER bani O II COPYRIGHT AND TR ADEMARKS 5 eret iret NN EN AA La dde ta aS II SUPPORT aa SANAK NBA BNN ANN naa ne III CONTACTING GATAN TECHNICAL SUPPORT eese nenen kanan kanan ena III 1 INTRODUCTION POPE Mede dase 1 1 2 GELIING STARTED BIN pi erbe ko ANN NE EBN RN NN EN NAN BR NG E TEA 2 1 2 1 THE WORKPLACE 251 ere INTR DE HE D ERE Ue RH C E EE E REED ERIT i ke 2 1 2 2 CAMERA CONFIGURATION iii SNN SNN NBA 2 2 2 3 GAIN NORMALIZATION 35 iii BEE NN e e dee NN Ue rH eH e D UIDERI Tere 2 4 24 MAGNIFICATION CALIBRATION nii nere NE SNN 2 5 241 iLowmagnificalion i esed ein AN ain 2 7 2 4 2 BEA MANA OMY RI NEU ERE Cu M 2 9 3 IMAGE ACQUISITION EE M
3. 1 Image rotation 2 3 insert retract 5 5 linearity 1 1 M magnification 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 10 Magnification i 2 5 2 6 2 8 magnification table 2 8 Microscope menu 2 5 2 6 3 4 N Name field 2 3 noise 1 1 II XVI P Peltier 2 1 4 1 5 1 5 2 5 3 print 3 8 3 9 4 2 Reference i 1 1 2 4 4 1 region of interest 3 1 Report Options 3 6 3 8 resolution 1 1 2 9 3 1 3 4 5 3 II retraction 1 1 5 4 II S saturation 5 2 5 3 Saving 2 1 3 3 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 9 4 2 scintillator 5 2 5 3 5 5 II UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 A3 Installation Search mode 3 1 3 2 4 1 sensitivity 1 1 Set up 3 5 shutter 2 3 5 3 5 4 5 5 speed of operation 1 1 Standard 1 1 1 I I III Start Acguire 3 4 4 1 Start View 3 2 4 1 T TEM 1 1 2 5 2 8 3 4 3 7 3 8 4 1 5 1 5 2 5 4 5 5 II III transmission electron microscope 1 1 V vacuum 2 1 4 1 5 2 5 3 5 5 view mode 3 1 XVII
4. The Peltier cooler is cooled by water from the TEM chiller If the Chiller is turned off or fails for a long period there could be severe damage to the camera Be aware that for some microscopes the cooling system turns off in the Stand By mode Be sure the cooler of the camera is also turned off in that situation e Turn off the Peltier cooler if the microscope viewing chamber is to remain at air pressure for a long period more than 30 minutes to an hour When isolated by the gate valve the CCD vacuum is good for about half an hour after which some frosting on the CCD may occur if the CCD is kept cold A small amount of ice will sublimate away once high vacuum is restored in the viewing chamber and the CCD gate valve opens Removing large amounts of condensation will require the electronics to be switched off for about 30 minutes after the vacuum in the viewing chamber is restored so that the CCD warms up while it is in a good vacuum 5 1 2 Scintillator maintenance and precautions e Minimize exposing the scintillator to the electron beam when the camera is not in use It is particularly important to protect the camera from being unnecessarily exposed to an intense unscattered beam As a general rule if you avoid conditions which would saturate any part of the sensor area in less than 0 1 sec about 10 nA cm at the sensor the scintillator lifetime will probably exceed the lifetime of the rest of the system On the other hand ea
5. Ts are used their perpendicular fittings must also fit tubes 4 through 6 e Connect tube 6 to the perpendicular fitting of the T along the compressed air line UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 VI A3 Installation e Cut the open line to the diffusion pump gate valve of the microscope s pneumatic system in two places The cuts must be made as cleanly as possible They can be made anywhere along the Open air line but it is ideal for the first cut to be made one third of the line s length from the diffusion pump gate valve and the other cut two thirds of the line s length away from the valve e Connect the three sections of the Open line together in series with two Ts Figure A5 Camera Interface details To viewing chamber S Diffusion pump Diffusion pump gate Valve Drive assembly aj Preamp assembly Pressure E E 2 regulator CL IN Pneumatic md inlets L 6 MUN _ red 9 1 green yellow f A yellow air line UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 vil A3 Installation e Connect tubes 4 and 5 to the remaining two fittings on the Ts along the open line e Connect tubes 2 and 3 to tube 5 and 6 respectively through their quick disconnect fittings e Connect the male quick disconnect fitting of tube 1 to the outlet on the backside of the controller labeled Air Out Figure 2 3 e Snap the male quick disconnect fitting of tube 4 into the inlet on
6. camera e Connect line 1 to the pressure regulator end of line 2 e Connect line 2 flow meter end to line 3 and the other end of line 3 to the water inlet on the camera head e Connect one end of line 4 to the water outlet on the camera head and the other end to line 5 to complete the loop The quick disconnect fittings automatically seal the lines off when not connected to anything so that they may be connected and disconnected from the camera without affecting the flow of cooling water to the diffusion pump UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 X Figure A6 A3 Installation Water lines Water intake line Water exhaust line Flow meter a To Fen 9 0 T LJ my Pressure From regulator T microscope we From water chiller To water chiller UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 XI A3 Installation A3 4 Electrical connections The diagram in Figure 2 7 shows the electrical connections in the system Figure A7 Electrical diagram Shutter cable rd Firewire connection Shutter Interface utter Shutter gt override Override cable Interface Firewire Power cable cord Camera Multiple outlet strip Pneumatic inlets Connect green ground wire to microscope ground e Connect the controller and the computer to the multiple outlet strip e Run the camera cable between the camera and the controller Always make sure that the controller is switched off whe
7. 3 1 3 1 RAICES 3 1 3 2 IMAGE NOTE an TL dama tes ena uate 3 3 3 3 TEM SESSION INFORMATION GLOBAL INFO ccesseesceesecesecesecesecesecaeecseeeaeeeneceeseeeseesseesaeesaecaecaeensecaecaeeenes 3 4 3 4 IMAGE ACQUISITION cccsessccecececsessssececececsesssaececececeesuaaececececseaaeeecececeeeaaeceeececsesaaeeeeececeeseaaecececeeseneaeeeeeeeceene 3 4 3 5 IMAGE SAVING AND PRINTING cccessssccececsessssececececsessssececececsesaaeeeeececseeaaececececsensaaeeeeececseneaasaeeecseseneaeaeeeeeeeenea 3 5 33a Choosing CIV CO SEE NN NB Nun uni Bs eer eroe depen 3 5 3 5 2 Construct Image File Name sese eee anni 3 6 333 Report ODIO cx o ote aet red A Redeem e ep ean Rus eta ss NN 3 7 S n MEME 77 CE E 3 9 3 5 5 Printing dimensions sese ien i a trente reine triente trente entren teen 3 10 4 QUICK REFERENCE kesini ka sre nana Serou ostes Essor ERE RERER ENS EENES ESSEE SKE SUE eo RE See UNE FN ERR Se EFE Se EN Ve EEOAE TV Da REEF RENS 4 1 5 CARE AND MAINTENANCE ooe ie ieee esos O 5 1 5 1 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 4d eee it to eo ee BSA ie vec eet a e SUNAN BN Pr e Eu o 5 1 5 1 1 Peltier cooler maintenance xi ee ah ts ss susunan 5 1 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 iv 5 1 2 Scintillator maintenance and precautions eese reete etre rennen etre ener 5 2 5 2 MOST OFTEN ASKED QUESTIONS terit te ertet tt NS ce ehe Ld ae Ce e age awe clou o eR Pe un 5 4 APPENDED e
8. 7 You can choose to have any parameters listed to be included in your report You can also add a logo file and image notes to the report Figure 3 7 Saving Data Bar UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 7 Image Saving and Printing M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Custom item allows user to add text information to every report page This feature is useful to add the name of your institution or the name of your TEM lab Click Edit to get the Custom items dialog box as shown below Figure 3 8 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 8 Image Saving and Printing Figure 3 8 Custom Items fra Custom Items E xi Single line items Type the name of your TEM lab here Add Multi line text Enter text in field below Type the text in the Single line item for example the name of your TEM lab and then click the Add button Now the text is entered in the window of the Single line item Click OK The style of the Custom item can be easily changed in the Report page next section 3 5 3 Report The report button the one with a page and a magnifier on the Save palette in Figure 5 5 will toggle between report view Figure 5 8 a and image view Figure 5 8 b In the report view an image is displayed of the print preview mode with parameters as specified in the Report Options UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 9 Image Saving and Pri
9. UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Gatan Inc 5933 Coronado Lane Pleasanton CA 94588 Tel 925 463 0200 FAX 925 463 0204 May 2004 890 MANUAL Revision 2 0 gatan Preface About this Guide This UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series is written to provide a brief description of the camera s operating principles instructions on how to install the camera and an introduction to imaging in DigitalMicrograph For additional discussion of image processing refer to the DigitalMicrograph User s Guide Preview of this Guide The UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series includes the following chapters Chapter 1 Introduction summarizes the features of the UltraScan family cameras Chapter 2 Getting Started shows the first steps necessary to start the DigitalMicrograph software and prepare for the acquisition of an image Gain Normalization and Magnification Calibration Chapter 3 Image Acquisition shows the user the most often used floating windows in DigitalMicrograph and a brief description on how to use them to view acquire and save an image Chapter 4 Quick Reference is a brief summary of the steps necessary to operate a Gatan CCD camera Chapter 5 Care and Maintenance contains some general tips on the care and maintenance of the UltraScan camera It also contains a list of questions that are often asked by users Appendix Hardware description provides the
10. alMicrograph Print width W Print height H UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 11 4 Quick Reference The steps necessary for operating Gatan CCD camera are summarized here e Make sure that the viewing chamber is at the proper vacuum e Make sure the water and the three color coded pressure lines are correctly connected to the camera and proper water pressure is maintained e Switch on the CCD camera controller e Flip the Peltier Cooler switch to the COOL position For best results it is recommended waiting 2 hours or more for the system to stabilize e Turn the computer on if it is not on yet and double click in the DigitalMicrograph icon to launch the application e Check the TEM session information by clicking on the Global Info button on the Image Info palette Figure 3 3 e Prepare a gain reference image by choosing Preparing Gain Reference under the Camera menu Figure 2 3 e Click on Start View on the View palette in Search mode Figure 3 1 to position sample area of interest disable Auto Exposure e Click on Focus Loupe on the View palette Figure 3 1 to check the final focus Make sure Auto Survey is checked e Click on Start Acquire button in the Image Acquire palette Figure 3 4 disable Auto Exposure UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 4 1 Image Saving and Printing e Click on Report View button on the Saving window Figure 3 5 to view image
11. amera S Pneumatic inlets Model US4000 SP la a lt 10 Preamp assembly Hd Om 11 UltraScan camera module E e e e 12 Coolant connections 13 X ray shielding 14 Blanking flange 15 Accessory port 16 Charge coupled device 17 Fiber optic plate B 18 Electron scintillator 19 Peltier cooler 20 Electron microscope 21 Microscope vacuum eae 22 UltraScan flange E Wu NX A 17 10 8 419 11 A3 Installation The following steps will enable the first time users to install the camera with ease and safety e Unpack the camera the camera electronics and the computer e Place the controller within 10ft 3m of the column e Place the computer anywhere that is convenient UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 V A3 Installation e Place the gray camera cable between the controller and the knee well of the microscope Place with the female end towards the camera A3 1 Pressure lines The camera needs to be connected to the microscope s pneumatic system Figure 2 5 This will allow controlling the insertion and retraction of the camera The camera head can be Positioned fully in with the scintillator exposed to the electron beam and the CCD insid
12. ch time any CCD pixels are intensely saturated the scintillator efficiency may be permanently impaired for those pixels resulting in a variation of the scintillator efficiency across the image field If you are not using the camera keep the viewing screen down or retract the camera to protect the scintillator from beam damage Also a retracted camera will not collect debris or abrasive particles that may fall down from the TEM s film transport mechanism e Minimize exposing the scintillator CCD to high beam intensity when acquiring diffraction patterns There is no defined cutoff where the scintillator will be damaged Rather damage can result from prolonged exposure of the scintillator to a very high beam intensity above 4 000 counts in binned by 1 mode and 15 000 counts in binned by 2 and higher modes If you have no saturation with a short exposure then there is no danger You can then increase the exposure time and still not harm the scintillator as it is the beam intensity on the scintillator that causes the problem and not the accumulated signal in the CCD It is recommended to use beam stop to block the central spot when acquiring SAED diffraction patterns UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 2 General Precautions If you think you have damaged the scintillator take an unprocessed image of uniform illumination If the spot turns out dark you have damaged the scintillator If it is bright spread out the bea
13. d due to old age so it is hard to answer So far there are no known mechanisms for aging 10 How often and for how long should the camera be warmed If you have a clean vacuum in the camera chamber area between once or twice a month is enough But if you have backstreaming from your diffusion pump you will need to do it more frequently The camera should only be warmed for several hours or overnight but not longer A quick way to see if oil is accumulating is to take a uniform illuminated image at 40 or 60 kV 11 The camera takes a long time to insert retract what should I do Check your compressed air pressure It should be between 30 60 N cm Then the pressure regulator on the red retract line should be adjusted so that insert and retract times are equal 12 Why can t I expose photographic film with the camera on and inserted When the camera is on and inserted the TEM shutter is controlled by the CCD camera software In order to protect the CCD the software default UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 5 Most Often Asked Questions setting shutter normally closed closes the TEM shutter if the CCD is not set to acguire any images In this case one cannot expose the photographic film To expose the film one should 1 simply retract the CCD camera or 2 force the shutter open with the switch on the front panel or 3 set the shutter configuration to shutter normally open 13 I se
14. e a ghost image that won t go away what should I do Itis possible that the dark or gain reference has a ghost image Try clearing and re acguiring the reference images You can remove the dark reference image by choosing Remove dark references under the Camera menu If the ghost image still exists it is likely caused by exposing intense beam on the CCD Spread out the beam and set the illumination so you have about 10 000 counts sec in 2 times binned mode and switch the shutter switch on the controller to Open Expose the scintillator for 2 3 min switch back to Auto and take another image UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 6 Appendix 1 Hardware description A1 System Requirements To use the UltraScan Standard series CCD cameras the following hardware and software systems are required Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP Professional Minimum 512 MB RAM 1GB RAM preferred 40GB 1GHz Hard drive or better Pentium III or later Available microscope s bottom port Water connections Air connections Gatan Microscopy Suite GMS software 1 1 or later UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 I Most Often Asked Questions FireWire capability A2 Description An UltraScan Standard Series camera acquires an electron microscope image into a computer in four stages First a scintillator converts the electron image into a high resolution light image Then a fused fiber optic plate captures t
15. e camera is switched on e Once a week if the camera is always on or e Before acquiring any important images UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 4 Figure 2 3 Magnification Calibration Camera menu Camera Microscope DIFPACK Custom Camera Temperature Post Processing Configure Camera Acquisition Parameters k Camera Setup Ctrl J Insert Camera View Selected Area Ctrl L Restart View Ctrl R Prepare Gain Reference Prepare Dark Reference Reference Images Remove Reference Images Remove Dark References Search Focus Record Acquire Series Point Blemish 2 4 Magnification Calibration The displayed nominal magnification on TEM is for photographic film and has an accuracy of 5 10 The CCD camera is located on a different plane height wise respect to the film camera As a consequence the magnification must be calibrated The calibration is done using standard calibration samples At Low magnifications e Use cross grating sample or any sample having known spacing At High magnifications e Use graphite or any crystalline samples having known lattice spacing e Use the FFT method It is very important to make sure DigitalMicrograph software correctly reads the TEM magnification If the communication between the computer and the TEM is established the magnification is read automatically Otherwise please UltraScan User s Guide Standard Se
16. e the microscope vacuum Partially retracted with the scintillator out of the beam but the CCD still under the microscope vacuum Fully retracted with both the scintillator and the CCD sealed inside a separate vacuum enclosure The air kit supplied with the camera consists of three sets of tubes two per set numbered 1 through 6 in Figure 2 5 Tubes 1 and 4 are green 2 and 5 are yellow and 3 and 6 are red Tubes 1 through 3 are thinner than tubes 4 through 6 All tubes have male quick disconnect fittings except for 5 and 6 which have female quick disconnect fittings Tube 6 has a pressure regulator along its length Three Ts are used to attach the tubes to the microscope s pneumatic system e Attach tubes 1 through 3 to the pneumatic inlets on the camera head Going clockwise the order of the tubes is 1 2 and 3 e Cut the compressed air line going to the diffusion pump gate valve of the microscope pneumatic system The cut must be made as cleanly as possible It can be made anywhere along the compressed air line e Connect the two parts of the compressed air line together in series with aT The two inline fittings of the T must be of a compatible size to the air line As the lines of different microscopes may have different diameters it is a good idea for the installer to have his own Ts at hand in case the supplied Ts do not fit The perpendicular fittings of the supplied Ts fit tubes 4 through 6 If the installer s
17. ective 73 23 EEC EMC Directive 89 336 EEC As modified by Directive 93 68 EEC Supplementary Information Safety EN 61010 1 1991 A2 1995 EMC EN 55022 Class A Class B EN 55082 1 1992 EN 55081 1 1992 I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the above Directives and Standards Place Pleasanton CA Signature A a Date September 1999 Full Name Robert Buchanan Position President and CEO UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 XV Index A arrows 3 3 Auto Exposure 3 2 3 4 4 1 Auto Survey 3 2 4 1 binning 5 3 5 4 C Calibrate image 2 7 2 9 calibration 2 5 2 7 2 8 2 10 Camera menu 2 3 2 4 4 1 5 5 CCD i 1 1 2 1 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 8 3 1 3 2 3 4 3 9 4 1 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 I II CE certification XIII XV Configure Camera 2 3 Custom item 3 7 3 8 3 9 customization 2 1 defect correction 2 3 diffraction patterns 5 2 digital camera 1 1 2 1 DigitalMicrograph i ii 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 5 3 9 4 1 dynamic range 1 1 5 3 E exposure time 3 2 5 2 5 4 FFT 2 5 fiber optic plate II UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 film 1 1 2 5 5 2 5 4 5 5 II Focus Loupe 3 2 3 3 4 1 Focus mode 3 1 G gain reference 2 4 4 1 5 4 5 5 ghost image 5 5 Global Info 3 4 4 1 Global Microscope Info 2 5 2 6 H hardware I I Image Acquisition 1 2 1 3 1 3 4 Image Info 3 3 3 4 4
18. es Rev 1 0 I Most Often Asked Questions Figure A1 UltraScan Standard Series camera mounted on a TEM column Water line Air lines Figure A2 Controller s front panel UltraScan Camera gatan Model US4000 SP COMPUTER PELTIER n COOLER OFF CAMERA WARM OUT UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 Ill Most Often Asked Questions Figure A3 Controller s back panel Nee 20000 MI usse ALTERNATE TEA DUO P SHUTTER OVERRIDE SHUTT CAMERA BIER Nu maT TEE 1 5A 200V Y SLO BLO 1 f gt 7 Sma cs Pi 6 m POLA LOSS VU B 0 5 0 4 Amps Figure A4 is a schematic illustrating the UltraScan Standard Series system The system is composed of a retractable CCD camera coupled to an electron scintillator through a fiber optic plate a controller digitizer unit a computer for image storage and processing cables and application software The camera can be cooled down to 20 C and can be inserted into or retracted from the electron beam by a software command or by a switch onto the controller s front panel Figure A2 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 IV A3 Installation Figure A4 US 4000 SP block diagram UltraScan System Computer TEM interface cable optional Controller Camera interface cable Shutter interface cable Camera interface cable UltraScan vacuum chamber Drive assembly OONDOPRONA ouis E UltraScan C
19. g in the Name field e Image rotation can be specified in the Rotation pull down menu e The coordinates for column defect correction are entered in the Defects field For example entering the following r0 8 14088 4095 c0 8 c4088 4095 r and c indicates row and columns respectively corrects for the 8 pixels wide edge which does not contain active CCD pixels e Itis important to specify the Primary and Alternate if there is one set up shutter available to the camera e Finally you should specify the shutter status i e the state of the shutter when the CCD camera is not acquiring any images Shutter Normally Closed is the default setting UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 3 Gain Normalization 2 3 Gain Normalization It is important to prepare a new gain reference image after the CCD has reached the eguilibrium temperature normally this takes about 1 2 hours The gain reference image should be checked regularly To prepare gain reference image remove specimen from the field of view evenly spread the illumination across the CCD sensor Under the Camera menu Figure 2 3 choose Prepare Gain Reference Set the target intensity to the value of 3000 4000 Normally it is sufficient to set the frames to average to 4 Then simply follow the instructions on the screen It is recommended to perform this operation when e The camera temperature is stable after at least two hours of cooling e Every time th
20. he light from each point in the image and channels it to the CCD The CCD then converts the transferred light image into a second electron image Finally the CCD shifts that image charge row by row to the low noise output amplifier readout electronics and digitizer Sensitivity is achieved by maintaining high efficiency at each stage of the image signal chain light generation in the scintillator optical coupling by the fiber optic plate image detection by the CCD pixel and also by cooling and low noise readout Resolution is achieved by minimizing light scatter in the scintillator and light leakage amongst fibers in the fiber optic plate and by optimized proximity focus at the end of the fiber plate through ultra thin bonding technology In addition since the signal chain contains no moving or flexible parts the detection efficiency has very high stability over time These techniques together constitute the HCR technology which is at the heart of the UltraScan family Figure Al shows the placement of an UltraScan Standard Series camera on a TEM column The camera is mounted below the viewing and film chamber The camera controller shown in Figure A2 front panel view and Figure A3 back panel view and an image acquisition computer are linked to the camera by supplied cables Compressed air for controlling the camera insertion and retraction is taken from the microscope as is the cooling water UltraScan User s Guide Standard Seri
21. ill be pushed into the water intake line so that the water can cool the camera e Insert a supplied T into the previously cut hose Choose the size of T that best fits the water chiller hose Screw type hose clamps can be used to secure the T to the two ends of the hose e Cut the water chiller hose that runs from the microscope to the water chiller The cut must be made after any pressure regulation or flow restriction in the microscope plumbing This will insure that once the water exhaust line is installed the thermally degraded cooling water will be pushed out of the water exhaust line so that the water will not return to the camera e Insert a supplied T into the water chiller hose that runs from the microscope to the water chiller Choose the size of T that best fits the water chiller hose Screw type hose clamps can be used to secure the T to the two ends of the hose e Connect line 5 to the inserted T UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 IX A3 Installation A screw type hose clamp can be used to secure the line to the hose e Set the pressure regulator to obtain a flow of 10 12 L hr within the limits imposed by the microscope water chiller and the flow needed by the diffusion pump e Set the chiller temperature regulator around 20 23 C Note that temperatures lower than 20 C may result in condensation accumulating in the CCD camera head electronics This may interfere with normal functioning of the
22. image of uniform illumination with no specimen in the beam and look for any spurious pattern If you see one update the gain reference 4 What is the shortest and or the longest exposure time I can use UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 4 Most Often Asked Questions The shortest time is actually determined by the shutter speed of the TEM shutter about 0 025 sec Exposures over 1 minute are unusual 5 My images are noisy what can I do Try increasing the exposure or current density of the beam 6 My images are slowly deteriorating what should I do Determine if the CCD is warming up Check that the water lines are not clogged Check the water temperature of the chiller should be approximately 20 23 C Be sure to acquire a new gain reference image 7 The image is brighter or darker on the top than on the bottom what should I do Check that the CCD has been cooled for at least 2 hours Check that the shutter switch on the controller is set to AUTO It could be a bad reference image Retake another one Check that the shutter is functioning correctly If it is the shutter indicator light on the controller would go on and off as you take an image 8 When viewing the image sometimes gets suddenly bright dark what is happening Sudden changes in the contrast may be due to stray x ray photons that saturate some of the pixels 9 How long is the lifetime of the CCD None of Gatan s CCDs has faile
23. in print preview mode e Click on Save button diskette icon on the Saving window Figure 3 5 to save image in the designated folder e Click on Print Figure 3 5 button printer icon on the Saving window to send image to printer UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 4 2 5 Care and Maintenance This chapter contains some general tips on the care and maintenance of your UltraScan camera It also contains a list of guestions that are often asked by users 5 1 General Precautions The following are some general precautions users should adhere to in the care and maintenance of their camera 51 1 Peltier cooler maintenance e The Peltier cooler should not be switched on if the cooling water is not flowing The Peltier cooler consumes about 12 W of power If this heat is not removed by the cooling water there 1s a possibility that damage to the Peltier cooler and or the CCD may occur e Check the flow of cooling water periodically If the flow rate of the cooling water deviates significantly from the value originally set make sure the lines are not obstructed and adjust the pressure regulator to bring the flow back to the original level Remember if the water flow stops while the Peltier cooler is on damage to the camera head may result e The Peltier cooler should not be left on when the TEM cooling water is turned off or fails UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 1 General Precautions
24. ing the electron beam can harden the trapped oil making the scintillator difficult to clean Switch the Peltier cooler to the Warm position It is OK to run the Peltier cooler in the warm position overnight but do not run it when the camera is at air pressure or if the cooling water is not flowing Check the vacuum system If oil accumulates even with regular warming of the scintillator it is recommended that the vacuum system be checked Note that the oil will not be imaged as soon at 120 kV as at a lower voltage 40 kV so that a problem can exist for some time before it is noticed by which time the beam might already have hardened the film That fact can be used to diagnose the presence of oil if the user takes an image at a low kV periodically to check for the presence of oil Examine the surface of the scintillator If the surface of the scintillator becomes dirty or scratched ship the camera to Gatan for service Do not attempt to clean the scintillator yourself as damage can result UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 5 3 Most Often Asked Questions 5 2 Most Often Asked Questions The following are some of the questions most frequently asked by camera users If you are having a problem with your camera check and see if the tips listed below are helpful 1 Why does the US4000 SP camera saturate far below the 16 000 value 14 bit dynamic range in 1x binning mode For US4000SP camera the satu
25. m and set the illumination so you have about 10 000 counts sec in binned by 2 mode and switch the shutter switch on the controller to Open Expose the scintillator for 3 min switch back to Auto and take another picture The bright area should be gone and the scintillator should operate normally e Warm the scintillator periodically Some microscopes have a significant vapor pressure of diffusion pump oil in the viewing chamber Since the camera is maintained at temperatures below 20 C during use it can act as a cold trap and accumulate an oil film While thin this film does not affect imaging but if it becomes thicker or coalesces into droplets stronger and stronger gain correction will become necessary Other problems caused by the oil film are charging and the sticking of dirt which could otherwise be blown off easily If left for too long the hydrocarbons chains in the oil will be cracked by the electron beam making them non volatile and un dissolvable Then it is necessary to send the camera back to have the scintillator serviced by Gatan Fortunately these problems can be avoided by adhering to the practice described below If you have a clean vacuum in the camera chamber area warm the scintillator once or twice a month But if you have backstreaming from your diffusion pump you will need to do it once a week The camera should only be warmed for 15 hours or overnight but not longer If the camera is used sufficiently without warm
26. mera partially retracted when the viewing chamber pump down cycle is complete and the diffusion pump gate valve reopens UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 VIII A3 Installation e Start the evacuation of the viewing chamber Follow the instructions given by the manufacturer e When the pump down cycle is complete restore the configuration of the pressure lines to the normal configuration as shown in figure 2 5 Plug tube 1 into Air Out on the backside of the controller and tube 3 into tube 6 The camera will remain in the partially withdrawn position until the CAMERA switch Figure 2 3 is set to Computer and INSERT CAMERA is selected from the Camera menu in Digital Micrograph Thereafter the camera will automatically be kept at high vacuum A3 3 Water lines Figure 2 6 shows how the camera is connected to the microscope s water cooling system The line used to expel used cooling water from the camera is called the water exhaust line and the line used to intake cooling water into the camera is called the water intake line Lines 1 2 and 3 are in series and take cooling water to the camera Lines 4 and 5 return the water to the microscope water chiller e Cut the water chiller hose that runs from the water chiller to the microscope The cut must be made before any pressure regulation or flow restriction in the microscope plumbing This will insure that once the water intake line is installed the cooling water w
27. n installing or removing this cable e Connect the green ground wire on the outlet strip to the microscope ground e Run the Firewire cable between the controller and the computer UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 XII A3 Installation A3 5 Shutter control output The Shutter Control output shown in figure 2 7 is on a BNC connector on the back panel of the controller Figure 2 3 e Connect one end of the Shutter Interface cable to the Shutter Control output on the controller e Connect the other end to the Shutter Interface provided by Gatan or microscope vendor A3 6 Shutter override output The shutter override output shown in figure 2 7 is on a BNC connector on the back panel of the controller Figure 2 3 e Connect one end of the shutter override interface cable to the shutter override output on the controller e Connect the other end to the shutter override interface provided by Gatan or microscope vendor UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 XIII Appendix 2 CE certification UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 A3 Installation DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO IEC GUIDE 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer s name Gatan Inc Manufacturer s Address 5933 Coronado Lane Pleasanton CA 94588 U S A DECLARES THAT THE PRODUCT Products name UltraScan 4000 SP Model Number 890 CONFORMS TO THE FOLLOWING EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES Low voltage Dir
28. n type in notes in the Image Info window shown in Figure 3 3 Saving an image will automatically save the image notes with the image file The Up down arrows allow user to browse through the images saved in a session when using the AutoSave function Section 3 5 below UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 3 TEM Session Information Global Info Figure 3 3 Image Info Na Ht Y Image Info Image 1 1 Specimen specimen Operator user Voltage 200kV Magnification 15000x This is my image note A Image Info Global Info 3 3 TEM Session Information Global Info Before acguiring any images it is recommended to enter the correct information about the sample operator TEM name etc Click on the Global Info button Figure 3 3 to type in all these information This function can also be accessed under the Microscope menu The global information is saved automatically with every image that is acguired 3 4 Image Acguisition To record the final image click on the Start Acguire button in the Camera Acguire palette shown in Figure 3 4 This mode is preset to acguire a full resolution CCD image As explained previously it is recommended to turn off the Auto Exposure feature for 4kx4k CCD UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 4 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Image Saving and Printing Camera Acguire window Na 4 Intensity Camera Acguire Setup Record Y Auto Expo
29. ne press OK to continue Cancel o A red line will appear on the image e Position it on a feature of known size e Press OK on the Calibrate image window UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 7 Magnification Calibration e Enter the correct distance for the selected feature for example 10 line pairs of cross grating sample where the distance 10 x 0 463um in the Calibration window and select the units see Figure 2 8 Figure 2 8 Calibration window xi Units e B Line Length 97 63 pixels c pe 97 6934 um 2 nm Geometric correction C 14 o C tnm 1 0 r 1 ura Pixel Size C Other Pic Size 1 x 1 um um e Press OK e Choose YES in the next window see Figure 2 8 to complete the magnification calibration Figure 2 9 Choose YES to complete the calibration DigitalMicrograph E xl Do you wish to calibrate the parent device based on this image No yes The calibration can be checked on the calibration table containing pairs of value the nominal microscope magnification and the calibrated value To view the magnification table e Select Magnification table Figure 2 10 from the Microscope menu Figure 2 5 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 8 Magnification Calibration Figure 2 10 Magnification table Magnification Table Device Name UltraScan 4000 5000 7832 58 d E dit 8000 13603 8 12000 gt 15973 5 Remo
30. ng it The Auto Survey updates the image display in real time Auto Exposure is enabled and disabled by clicking on the Auto Exposure selection box Since a test exposure must be made regularly to ensure proper exposure time for the beam intensity on the CCD and for 4kx4k CCD this means 16million pixels must be read out each time it is recommended to turn off this feature When the box is not selected the user is in control of the exposure time that can be changed by either typing in the exposure time box and then pressing the Enter key or by hitting the up and down arrow keys to respectively double or halves the exposure time To view a continuous image of the sample e Select the Camera inserted box or make sure it is selected e Setup Search mode e Press Start View to start the image acquisition If you need to better adjust the microscope focus on the sample e Click Focus Loupe in the Camera View window Only the selected area see Figure 3 2 will be imaged at a fast rate allowing to set a more precise focus on the area of interest Figure 3 1 Image window ME 2 NT Camera View Setup Search Y Auto Exposure Exposure s for e Start View Focus Loupe IV Auto Survey v Camera Inserted p UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 2 Image Notes Figure 3 2 Focus Loupe The acguisition can be stopped by e Pressing Stop View or e Pressing the Spacebar 3 2 Image Notes The user ca
31. nting Figure 3 9 a Report view b Image view Frame with Montage image 3 BEE 1300 x 1030 pixels J Exposure 0 48 sec i Beam Energy 100 keV Recorded by Ming Pan Camera Gatan 780 DualView Recorded on 10 07 00 at 13 17 19 i Commen it EPSON900 and Labelon Filename Frame with Montage image 3 i CG 270 Photo Paper Users can customize the layout and selection of parameters on the page for example using pointer to move the text around and then save the setting as a report template This is done by clicking the Save As Default Layout button in the Save setup dialog The Custom item on the page can be changed to different text style to make it more visible First position it on the Report page and then choose the font and size of your liking Click 3 5 4 Printing dimensions Digital images can not be magnified indefinitely since Pixelation may occur To print non pixelated images ppi pixel per inch must be at least 144 For Ik x 1k CCD images 144ppi means the images will be printed 7 x 7 inch To find out the good printing dimensions for your image use the Control palette in DigitalMicrograph Figure 5 9 e Select the image click on it e Read the printing dimensions on the Control palette e Click on the printer icon in the Saving window Figure 5 5 to print UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 10 Image Saving and Printing Figure 3 10 Control palette ira Digit
32. r guide is written for the Standard series The intent of this guide is to e Make the user become proficient with the Gatan DigitalMicrograph software to correctly acquire images from the CCD camera e Give the user a brief understanding of the working principles of the camera e Allow easy troubleshooting UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 1 1 2 Getting Started The following steps will enable the first time user to switch on the digital camera launch DigitalMicrograph and prepare for the acguisition of an image e Make sure that the viewing chamber is at the proper vacuum e Make sure the water and the three color coded pressure lines are correctly connected to the camera and proper water pressure is maintained e Switch on the CCD camera controller e Flip the Peltier Cooler switch to the COOL position For best results it is recommended waiting 2 hours or more for the system to stabilize e Turn the computer on if it is not on yet and double click in the DigitalMicrograph icon to launch the application 2 1 The Workplace When DigitalMicrograph is launched you will see the commonly used tools left side the Image Acquisition and Saving tools right side and the Result window as shown in Figure 2 1 These tools are composed by floating windows fully stackable to allow customization UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 1 Camera configuration Figure 2 1 DigitalMicrog
33. raph Workplace Commonly used tools Image display Image acguisition and saving tools Camera registered Results window 2 2 Camera configuration If the camera is already configured by a Gatan service engineer this section can be ignored Before starting acquiring images it is necessary to configure the camera This process is shown in Figure 2 2 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 2 Camera configuration Figure 2 2 a Camera Menu b Camera configuration Camera Microscope DIFPACK Custom ira Camera Configuration EE x Camera Camera us4000 y US40001 Temperature Name US4000 Past Processing Configure Camera Location High Resolution Acquisition Parameters k Rotation None y a on na Flip around vertical axis Insert Camera ES View Selected Area Ctrl L AG Restart View Ctrl R M Prepare Gain Reference Prepare Dark Reference Reference Images r Remove Reference Images Remove Dark References Shutter Insertion Primary Shutter sf eee Alternate Shutter Unspecified y Default Shutter State Search C Both Shutters Normally Open Focus Primary Shutter Normally Closed Record Altemate Shutter Normally Closed Acquire Series Paint Blemish k e Select Configure Camera in the Camera menu Figure 2 2a e In the Camera configuration dialog box Figure 2 2b you can change the name of the camera by typin
34. ration of 2x binning readout is set to 14 bit i e 16 000 value The higher resolution 1x binning readout mode does not make full use of the full range of the output amplifier because of the smaller pixel size The US4000SP saturates at roughly 1 3 of the full digitization range by intent 2 There is no image on the CCD what should I do Check if the cable from the UltraScan controller to the camera is properly connected Check the Camera View floating window to see if the Camera Inserted box is checked camera inserted Check if the Shutter switch on the UltraScan controller is set to AUTO Check if the beam has drifted Check if the TEM viewing screen is lifted Check if you have a film plate stuck above the camera in the TEM You may have an image and not being able to see it Move the pointer around to get an idea of the counts If the value is over 4 000 counts in 1x binning mode the CCD is saturated Reduce the beam intensity or shorten the exposure time Why do I have to blank the beam when the CCD is reading out You do not want to expose the CCD to a signal when it is reading out It is like continuing to expose the film during its retraction Blanking the beam will prevent any electrons from reaching the CCD 3 How often do I have to acquire a gain reference Whenever the image quality seems to be deteriorating The most reliable way to see if a new gain reference is advisable is to take a gain normalized
35. ries Rev 1 0 2 5 Magnification Calibration make sure DigitalMicrograph is set to prompt the user to enter a value for TEM magnification every time an image is to be acguired This can be set by choosing the Global Microscope Info window shown in Figure 2 4 under the Microscope menu Figure 2 5 Figure 2 4 Global Microscope Info window Global Microscope Info E xl Info Specimen Rat kidney Operator operator Microscope Tecnai 20 Parameter Magnification 15000 0 X Cs 1 0 mm Beam Energy 200 0 kV Magnification 1 Source from User Y Ask User Figure 2 5 Microscope menu Microscope DIFPACK Custom Montage Global Microscope Info Image Microscope Info Magnification Table Calibrate Image Calibrate Image from Diffractogram Setup In the Magnification section in the Global Microscope Info window Figure 2 4 choose e Source from User UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 6 Magnification Calibration e Ask User Always e Click OK 2 4 1 Low magnification e Record an image of a cross grating sample Figure 2 6 Figure 2 6 Cross grating sample e Choose Calibrate image under the Microscope menu Figure 2 5 Follow the on screen instructions Figure 2 7 Figure 2 7 Instructions window Calibrate image X Position the red line on a feature of known size When you are do
36. roduction The Gatan UltraScan family of cameras is designed to deliver the ultimate quality in transmission electron microscope images It is the first digital camera system with the potential to replace film as a recording medium in the TEM New technology has been introduced at every stage of the imaging process to improve resolution sensitivity dynamic range linearity and speed of operation The UltraScan family shares a compact mechanical design for bottom mount CCD charged coupled device cameras with full retraction capability and complete compatibility with GIF and ENFINA spectrometers The UltraScan family of cameras is available in two series Reference and Standard series The common feature to these two series is the utilization of the patented High Contrast Resolution HCR optical technology HCR technology results in images with higher resolution and higher contrast than images acquired with traditional optics and takes digital imaging resolution to a level that challenges film The Reference Series UltraScan cameras incorporate the First Light readout electronics which reads out all four CCD output channels in parallel for increased speed while maintaining low noise performance The Standard Series UltraScan cameras read the CCD through a single ultra clean low noise channel The Reference series features 2k x 2k and 4k x 4k CCD format and the Standard series features only the 4k x 4k format This use
37. sessssssvoosscssssssesessessscensssueessensernnssusevessees 229 A CAMERA MENU B CAMERA CONFIGURATION cette 2 3 CAMERA MENU ie e d acd aE ich te eth E D E E 2 5 GLOBAL MICROSCOPE INFO WINDOW cttttete ttt ttt titt ttt 2 6 MIC ROSCOPE MENU ce Cans tekst toit Sob usus un 2 6 CROSS GRATING SAMPLE dni vr INSTRUCTIONS WINDOW dadas vt CALIBRATION WINDOW Senat iesu Rt ERE tA SUA P E aM dp SEA dal 2 8 CHOOSE YES TO COMPLETE THE CALIBRATION weeoooooooooooooooooooooooooo oom 2 8 Aa NA ON TAUB D S 2 9 HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGE OF A CRYSTALLINE SAMPLE et 2 9 DIBERACTOGRANE LS eee cee asses a B LIP S EL M E eL E EM DH EE 2 10 HIGH MAGNIFICATION CALIBRATION INSTRUCTIONS oo oooooooooooooooooooooooo oo 2 10 CALIBRATION WINDOW Ls dle diia 2 11 IMAGE e 3 2 FOCUS LOUPE ou ccu RD Un M A M DI D EE 3 3 IMAGE A d a DEM E E Ana 3 4 GAMERA ACOUIRE WINDON bea BBB BER 3 5 O an na f 3 5 SAVING SET UP WIND tro asen 3 7 A O eh Mf 3 7 GUSTORPITENSS O O M DEM M e M Uf 3 9 A REPORT VIEW B IMAGE VIEW eeeeeettttee tentent ttt ttt ttt ttt ttt ttes 3 10 DCONINODPADLIIEA akt te oe coeur KM MUT E eR iaa 3 11 ULTRASCAN STANDARD SERIES CAMERA MOUNTED ON A TEM COLUMN m CONTROLLER S PRONTA NAN intuition m CONTROLLER S BACK PAINE A nu IV US 4000 SP BLOCK DIAGRAM E V CAMERA INTERFACE DE PAILS Nas tu at Mir VII WATER DINES A E f ru M XI ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM ata ta XII UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 vi 1 Int
38. sure Exposure s f2 0 Start Acquire 3 5 Image Saving and Printing 3 5 1 The recorded images are displayed on the monitor Pressing on the floppy disk icon or on the printer icon in the Saving palette Figure 3 5 the image can be saved or printed respectively Images can be easily saved in any user specified directory with a common root name Saving window Y Saving In C Documents and Settings pan 1000 0001 unsaved Saving Set up button Reset image counter Choosing directory Click on the Set up button in the Saving window Figure 3 5 The Saving Set up dialog box will be displayed as shown in Figure 3 6 In the Save in directory Figure 3 6 click on the Browse button Select or create a directory for saving images UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 5 Image Saving and Printing 3 5 2 Construct Image File Name In the File Name Options field specify the way you want the image file name to be constructed UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 6 Image Saving and Printing Figure 3 6 Saving Set up window Saving Settings Dialog xi Save in directory cu Sers Browse File Name Options s 16 Voltage V Magnification Separator Save As Default Layout Report Options Cancel Report Options Click on the Report Options button to view the dialog box shown in Figure 3
39. system requirements and a checklist A brief description of the basic working principles of a CCD camera is also given The pictures of different parts of the camera camera head back and front of the controller etc are shown CE Requirement UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 i Disclaimer Gatan Inc makes no express or implied representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this manual and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose Gatan Inc further reserves the right to revise this manual and to make changes to its contents at any time without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes Copyright and Trademarks O 2002 All rights reserved DigitalMicrograph is a registered trademark of Gatan Inc registered in the United States UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 Support Contacting Gatan Technical Support Gatan Inc provides free technical support via voice Fax and electronic mail To reach Gatan technical support call or Fax the facility nearest you or contact by electronic mail Gatan USA West Coast Tel 925 463 0200 Fax 925 463 0204 Gatan USA East Coast Tel 724 776 5260 Fax 724 776 3360 Gatan Germany Tel 089 352 374 Fax 089 359 1642 Gatan UK Tel 01865 253630 Fax 01865 253639 Gatan Japan Tel 0424 38 7230
40. the backside of the controller labeled Air In Figure 2 3 The quick disconnect fittings automatically seal the lines off when not connected to anything so that they may be connected and disconnected from the controller or the microscope without affecting the operation of the microscope A3 2 Mounting the camera If you are mounting the camera to the microscope e Vent the microscope s viewing chamber following the microscope manufacturer s instructions e Remove the blanking flange on the microscope s on axis camera port beneath the film chamber Follow the instructions given by the microscope manufacturer e Inspect the o ring seal to the microscope for dust and fibers The seal must be clean in order to maintain the vacuum If necessary clean and lightly coat the o ring with vacuum grease e Mount the camera to the microscope Make sure that the sealing surfaces are clean e Reverse the end point connections for tubes 1 and 3 from the normal configuration shown in figure 2 5 Plug tube 3 into the Air Out outlet on the backside of the controller Figure 2 3 and plug tube 1 into tube 6 pressure regulator line This is a reversal of the normal configuration but will ensure that when the diffusion pump gate valve is closed during the rough pump down the camera will be in the inserted open position e Put the CAMERA switch on the front side of the controller in the Out position Figure 2 2 This will keep the ca
41. tion Figure 2 14 Calibration window xi Units Line Length 128 00 pixels E Je nm 017 nm rm Geometric correction CAR C 1 nm 1 0 P m Pixel Size C Other Pixel Size 1 x 1 nm nm Al Cancel UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 Image Acquisition This chapter contains some instructions on how to acguire an image and a description of the most freguently used floating windows Now you are ready to e Insert the sample e Find a region of interest e Start using the CCD camera to view your specimen 3 1 View The view mode shown in Figure 3 1 allows user to observe Live continuous images on the monitor The setup has two operation modes which are preset for easy use e The Search mode displays a continuous low resolution image with the entire CCD field of view This is to allow the user to quickly conduct a sample search using the CCD camera e The Focus mode displays a continuous image at higher resolution than the Search image Fine adjustment of focus setting can be done with this operation mode UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 3 1 View In addition there is another way to adjust the image focus Click on the Focus Loupe This allows the user to focus the image by using a small image area with high speed The size of the box can be resized by dragging its corner and its location can be easily changed by putting the pointer inside the box and draggi
42. ve 20000 25999 2 Add The first column represents the nominal TEM magnification and the second column is the actual magnification at the CCD 2 4 3 High magnification e Record a lattice image of the crystalline sample Figure 2 11 Figure 2 11 High resolution image of a crystalline sample e Choose Calibrate image from Diffractogram under the Microscope menu Figure 2 5 UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 9 Magnification Calibration A diffractogram will be calculated Figure 4 12 Figure 2 12 Diffractogram e Follow the on screen instructions Figure 2 13 A red line will appear on the diffractogram e Position the endpoints of the red line on two symmetrical diffraction peaks Figure 2 12 e Press OK to specify the reciprocal unit and the d spacing in the corresponding real units in the next window Figure 2 14 Figure 2 13 High magnification calibration instructions Calibrate from diffractogram E Position the endpoints of the red line on two symmetrical diffraction peaks Press OK to specify the reciprocal unit and the d spacing in the next window NOTE 1 Enter the REAL SPACE DISTANCE in the Enter d spacing field 2 If you connected 2 symmetric peaks then enter the d spacing 2 Common d spacings graphitized carbon 0 34nm gold 111 0 23nm Cancel x UltraScan User s Guide Standard Series Rev 1 0 2 10 Magnification Calibra
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