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SES Software User's Guide

1. EG Figure 17 The File Options dialog 3 5 4 Interface Libraries The File Interface Libraries box lists available experiment file libraries and their respective formats Experiment file libraries can be added and deleted with the Add and Delete buttons respectively 3 5 5 File Type The File Type box defines the file type used for saving experiment files By default three file types are available e Igor Packed Experiment Files pxt e Igor Binary Wave ibw e text file format txt SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 16 62 3 5 6 Save Directory The Save Directory box defines the base directory and where to save experiment files e If the Sort by Sample or Sort by User box is checked experiment files will be saved in subdirectories to the base directory based on the information in the Sample and User boxes in the Sequence Editor e If the Autosave box is checked experiment data will be saved after each time that the sequence has completed an execution Experiment data will then also be saved when the sequence is stopped by the user 3 5 7 File Naming Method File Naming Method defines whether experiment file names should be constructed from the date and time of the acquisition or from an incremental number The file names generated from date and time have the format base mmddhhnn ext while the file names generated from an incremental number have the format base xxx ext 3 5 8 Spectrum Naming Format
2. 4 6 4 Instrument Parameters Instrument Parameters Lens Mode Pass Energy Transmission 10 Figure 42 Instrument Parameters for the spin detector calibration Basic acquisition parameters of the instrument are specified in this frame SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 32 62 4 6 5 Sweep Parameters Sweep Parameters f Kinetic C Binding kinetic Energy 1 0 0000 Width ev 000 Step Size mev i OO000 0000 Step Tire z 1 000 Figure 43 The sweep parameters for the spin detector calibration dialog This frame manages the sweep settings to be used for sweep mode acquisitions during the spin detector calibration 4 6 6 Energy Calibration Energy Calibration e Energy Offset 0 0000 Calibrate Figure 44 The Energy Calibration frame for the Spin Detector Dialog The energy offset can be automatically calibrated by clicking the Calibrate button This calibration will set the energy offset for all spin channels The procedure is to first set the Kinetic Energy in the Sweep Parameters frame whereupon the desired peak should be visible in the spectrum view Clicking Calibrate will then move the peak to match the correct kinetic energy 4 6 7 Multiple Counting Factors Multiple Counting Factors Dev ctrO_in Calibrate Figure 45 The Multiple Counting Factors frame for the Spin Detector Dialog The MCF values are determined individually for each spin channel To get the best result the ene
3. Add Rename Delete Administrator E inetic Elements Association A Ly ba Supplies Analyser Element bi AVecan 4M4 L A L LBias LY Add Rename Delete Administrator Security Level Acceleration Element Acceleration Element Supplies Offset Ep Offset AM scan 4V L Ay L Element Set Add Rename Delete Figure 72 The Element Installation dialog Note This dialog should only be used only by the system administrator e The tabs specify the different element sets available to the instrument e The Fix Elements frame defines elements which are neither dependent on pass energy nor kinetic energy e The Pass Elements frame defines elements which are dependent on pass energy but not kinetic energy e The Kinetic Elements frame defines elements which are dependent on both pass energy and kinetic energy SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 56 62 e Acceleration Element frame defines the acceleration element 7 4 4 Modifying Elements and Element Sets Elements in all the different frames described above can be e Added by clicking the Add button e Deleted or renamed by clicking the Delete or Rename buttons e Linked to an element further up in the list by clicking the Link button e The supplies linked to an element can be changed by clicking the Supplies button e The association for an element can be changed using the Assosiations drop down list Available values
4. e To edit the file options for this sequence click the File Options button 5 3 4 Saving Experiments e With the exception of the File Name box all information entered in the Info frame will be saved with the experiment The text in the File Name box will be used as a base file name for the saved experiments e If the Sort by User option is used experiments will be saved in a subdirectory named as User e If the Sort by Sample option is used experiments will be saved in a subdirectory named as Sample e If both Sort by User and Sort by Sample options are used experiments will be saved in subdirectories of the form User Sample 5 3 5 Region Management The File and Edit menus contain commands for for adding editing copying and deleting regions In addition several shortcuts exist to speed up region management SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 39 62 e Create a new acquisition region CTRL R through the Region command in the New submenu of the File menu or click the New button e Copy CTRL C cut CTRL X paste CTRL V or delete DEL a region select the corresponding row in the region table and click the appropriate command in the Edit menu or press or click the corresponding button in the Region group e To edit a region double click the corresponding row in the region table to bring up the Region Editor or edit the cells in the region table directly e To move a region click and hold on any of the read only colum
5. 5 5 1 Description A run mode is a set of rules that defines how the SES should perform acquisitions and how it should save the data resulting from these acquisitions 5 5 2 Access Run modes are selected and configured in the Run Mode frames of the Sequence Editor and the Region Editor for the sequence and regions respectively 5 5 3 Run Mode Aun Mode Normal 1 f Number of iterations f Repeat until stopped Confirm after each iteration Figure 55 Detail of the Run Mode frame SES comes with two built in run modes Normal and Add Dimension Each of these run modes can be selected and configured for the whole sequence and for each region individually SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 43 62 e Inthe Normal run mode consecutive acquisitions are summed together to yield higher intensity and a better signal to noise ratio e Inthe Add Dimension run mode each consecutive acquisition is stored separately to form an extra dimension in the experiment file If both the sequence and a region make use of the Add Dimension run mode the result will be two extra dimensions in the experiment file e By selecting the Number of iterations option the number of consecutive executions of the sequence or the region can be specified e By selecting the Repeat until stopped option the execution of the sequence or the region can be repeated indefinitely e If Confirm after each iteration is checked a
6. ADC 1 000 Pulse 1 000 Optimize Stop Figure 39 Detail of the Multiple Counting Factors frame The Multiple Counting Factors frame specifies the multiple counting factor s for the current pass energy Pulse Counting mode and ADC Mode have individual multiple counting factors SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 30 62 4 5 10 Calibration Parameters Calibration Parameters fe Kinetic C Binding Kinetic Energy e 40 0000 width eV 02541 Step size me 5 1849 Swept Time z O33 5 Fixed Time 3 1 000 am air 4 gt Figure 40 Detail of the Calibration Parameters frame The Calibration Parameters frame specifies the instrument settings for the continuous acquisition the basic energy scale calibration and calibration of the energy correction curve The Kinetic and Binding buttons specify whether to use kinetic or binding energy for the enerey scale The Kinetic Energy box specifies the centre energy of the acquisitions The Width field specifies the width of the energy window used for the sweeps when calibrating energy correction curves The Swept Time box specifies the step time used for the sweeps when calibrating energy correction curves The Fixed Time box specifies the acquisition time for the continuous acquisition and for the basic energy scale calibration 4 5 1 Energy Correction Curve The energy correction curve for the current pass energy can be cleared by clicking the Clear button A new energy corr
7. The Spectrum Naming Format box defines how the spectra are named in the experiment files There are three format parameters e R represents the region name e F represents the experiment file name e AN represents the incremental number or date and time of the experiment file name Example oR_ N would name the spectrum Region1_001 for a region with name Region1 and incremental number 001 3 6 User Interfaces Dialog 3 6 1 Description The User Interfaces dialog is used to load and unload plugins or user interface libraries for auxiliary equipment such as sample manipulator monochromator flood gun and ion gun Loaded plugins are listed in the Loaded User Interfaces frame 3 6 2 Access From the Setup menu select the User Interfaces command Setup gt User Interfaces SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 17 62 3 6 3 User Interfaces User Interfaces Loaded User Interhaces Figure 18 The User Interfaces dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator 3 6 4 Add Delete and Setup Buttons e New plugins can be loaded by clicking the Add button and browse for the desired plugin e A plugin can be unloaded by selecting it in the list and clicking the Delete button e If the selected plugin has a setup dialog it can be opened by clicking the Setup button 3 7 Excitation Energies Dialog 3 7 1 Description The Excitation Energies dialog is used to define excitation energies
8. specify default excitation energy and to change the current excitation energy 3 7 2 Access From the Setup menu select the Excitation Energies command Setup gt Excitation Energies SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 18 62 3 7 3 Excitation Energies Excitation Energies Excitation Energy File DS es 1 2 5Min Energies ini Browse Energy List Slka 1 406 600 Add Mgka 1 253 700 Crka 5946 000 He l 21 218 Rename He ll 40 813 Delete Move Down Excitation Energy e4 1 436 600 Default Excitation Energy ev Alka 1456 600 Current Excitation Energy e He l 21 218 Cancel Figure 19 The Excitation Energies dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator 3 7 4 Excitation Energy File The file where the defined excitation energies are stored is specified in the Excitation Energy File frame A different file can be loaded by clicking the Browse button and browse for the desired file 3 7 5 Energy List e New excitation energies can be defined by clicking the Add button e The selected excitation energy can be renamed or deleted by clicking the Rename or Delete buttons respectively e Excitation energies can be moved further up or down the list by clicking the Move Up or Move Down buttons The actual energy for the selected excitation energy can be changed in the Excitation Energy field SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 19 62 3 7 6 Default Excitation Energy The
9. 2 9 Background Removal w Show Coordinates w Integrate Slices Show Spectrum Image w Use Range Markers w Show Peak Information Show Background Show Subtracked Spectrum cis l gt Color Scheme Background removal None i Linear w Shirley Figure 65 The menu for background removal of the displayed spectrum The spectrum display can be modified through background removal of the acquired spectrum This is done through right clicking on the spectrum display and selecting which background shape to use Available shapes are None Linear or Shirley This visualization is only applied to the current display and will not be stored in the result file 6 3 The Sequence Tree 6 3 1 Description The sequence tree keeps track of produced spectra during and after acquisition 6 3 2 The Sequence Tree During Acquisition D i O Region Figure 66 Sequence tree during acquisition During acquisition the tree contains a list of all regions enabled for the acquisition and displays icons whose colours specify the status of the region e If the icon is red the region is currently being executed e If the icon is white region has not yet been executed or there is no data to save e If the icon is green the region has successfully been acquired and data has been saved SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 51 62 6 3 3 The Sequence Tree After Acquisition Region wh iy 4 E Region Figu
10. Ctrl Faste Ctril Tranemissinr Figure 51 Detail of the Edit menu The Edit menu provides commands to copy cut paste and delete regions SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 38 62 5 3 3 3 Acquisition Region The regions marked as active will be executed sequentially when an experiment is started e To activate a region click the centre of the cell of the first column so that it turns green and the Y symbol appears e To deactivate a region click the cell so that it turns red and the symbol appears Shaded columns are read only and can be used to move regions up and down in the table The second column of the region table defines the type of acquisition for the corresponding region e D acquisition using detector e r acquisition using local detector settings e S acquisition using signals e U user interface region Note The Total Time column displays the estimated time to complete one acquisition of the region This includes the number of repetitions defined in the region in the calculation but not analyser delays 5 3 3 4 Experiment Information The Info frame allows for miscellaneous experiment information to be entered including the base file name for saving experiment data 5 3 3 5 Run Mode The Run Mode frame defines how the software should perform the acquisitions and save the data 5 3 3 6 Buttons e To edit the global detector settings click the Setup Detector button
11. acquisition SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 52 62 7 Section G Installations Dialogs 7 1 Introduction This section describes the installation dialogs that are used for the initial setup of a new system 7 2 Instrument Installation Dialog 7 2 1 Description The Instrument Installation dialog is used to change basic settings of the instrument such as which detector and supply libraries to use 7 2 2 Access From the Installation menu select the Instrument command Installation gt Instrument 7 2 3 Instrument Installation Instrument Installation Instrument Identification Model HEA Serial Number 4E5204 Delays AM Delap 5 Region Delay 2 0 Detector Interface DAS ES 1 2 6 5 dl Detector DCAM dll Browse Supply Interace 7046 Serial Supply Library v1 2 5 Setup DASES 1 2 6rSidikSupply f04e Sen Browse 10 Interface Externallo NIDAQ DASES 1 2 615 dIsExtemall_NIDAG W Configure as Spin Detector Setup Detector Ok Cancel Figure 69 The Instrument Installation dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator e The Model and Serial Number fields specify the model and serial number of the instrument SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 53 62 e The AV Delay specifies the delay used when the voltage of a high voltage supply is changed The Region Delay specifies the delay used between the regions in a sequence e The Detector Interface frame specifies
12. frame The Offsets frame specifies the Energy Offset of the analyser and the pass energy offset for the currently selected pass energy The Ep Offset parameter is calibrated and should not be changed The Energy Offset parameter can be used to compensate for energy drift in the experiment setup and it can also be used for defining the work function The Calibrate buttons perform automatic calibrations for the corresponding energies When clicking on a Calibrate button SES attempts to locate the highest peak shown on the image and shift it to the Kinetic Energy specified in the Voltages frame see above SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 25 62 4 2 8 Lens Curve The Lens Curve graph displays the lens table for the currently selected Element if it depends on kinetic energy 4 2 9 Table Entry The Table Entry frame provides means to navigate through the discrete kinetic energy voltage pairs of the lens table for the currently selected element if it depends on kinetic energy 4 2 10 Spectrum Display The spectrum display presents the spectrum of the current acquisition as a graph or as an image representation 4 2 11 Signal Display The signal display presents the signal data of the current acquisition 4 2 12 Peak Information The information displayed in the Peak Information Bar of the spectrum display can be used when maximizing intensity and resolution for desired analyser settings 4 3 How to Optimize the Lens Deflection
13. represent one electron hitting the MCP If two such events occur close enough to make their two areas merge into one spot the pulse counting algorithm will not be able to distinguish between them and report only one pulse It is therefore only viable when you are fairly certain that no events ever merge in the image i e only when doing low intensity measurements Note For FireWire cameras the Discriminator Level value is not used 3 2 10 Show Detector Image Detector Image W Show Detector Image Lens Mode Transmission Pass Energy 50 fe Kinetic f Binding kinetic Energy ev 40 000 Time s 1 000 Slices 256 r Figure 15 Detail of the Detector Image frame Checking Show Detector Image displays a teal time image of the detector Controls for selecting acquisition parameters then become visible SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 13 62 The acquisition parameters used for displaying the detector image are similar to those in Voltage Calibration The full range of Energy Channels are used and as many of the Y Channels as the choice of Slices allows starting from one Selecting Show Countrate will open a window monitoring the current countrate Note The Slices parameter in the Detector Image frame pertains to the acquisition of the detector image in this window only and is not related to the parameter in the Slices frame 3 2 1 1 Detector Range Markers The detector area used for acquisitions can be defined b
14. shows the available energy ranges for each lens mode and pass energy The External Image command opens a window displaying an image representation of the spectrum This command is available for Angular Spatial and Spectrum Image display modes Selecting Show Supply Information will open the supply dialog me FWHM Max 33 1382 meV Figure 23 The FWHM number display window The Position Height FWHM and Area windows can be resized for viewing at a distance when performing optimization away from the computer 4 2 4 3 Display Mode Menu Voltage Calibration File view RIE Epo fare Instrumel y Energy Distribution Curve EDC Lene Mo Angular Spatial Spectrum Image Fass Ente Signals Element w Intensity as counts s Time 3 add Intensity until Restarted Figure 24 The Display mode menu The first four commands of the Display Mode menu represent different display modes The last two commands decide how to present and accumulate data Energy Distribution Curve cotresponds to a one slice acquisition presented as kinetic or binding energy vs counts or count rate in the Spectrum Display SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 23 62 Angular Spatial corresponds to an acquisition using the maximum number of slices available for current selection of Y Channels in the global detector settings The data is summed over all Energy Channels and then presented as Y channel vs counts or count rate in the Spectrum D
15. Area 16 109 Restart Cancel Figure 31 Detail of the Peak Information bar showing important parameters when optimizing intensity and resolution Height 645 4 4 How to Edit Lens Tables 4 4 1 Description When optimal voltages for a lens deflection element have been found the lens table needs to be changed to reflect this This can be carried out either by using the Table Entry frame or the Edit Lens Tables dialog Note Users should never change the lens tables for elements other than the Up Down and Left Right lens deflection elements 4 4 2 Using Table Energy Table Entry H Re gt ot Insert Clea Figure 32 Detail of the navigation buttons in the Table Entry frame e To change the element voltage of a lens table point navigate to it using the navigation buttons and enter the desired value in the Element Voltage box e To delete a point navigate to it and click the Delete button SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 27 62 e To insert a new point at the current kinetic energy enter the desired value in Element Voltage and click the Insert button 4 4 3 Using Edit Lens Table Figure 33 Detail of the Edit Lens Tables dialog showing the lens table for the Up lens deflection element Open the Edit Lens Tables dialog from the Edit menu To change element voltage for a point edit the cell in the Voltage column for the corresponding kinetic energy To delete a point select a cell in the Ek or Voltage col
16. Default Excitation Energy frame specifies which excitation energy to use when creating new regions The default excitation energy can be changed either by selecting a predefined energy from the drop down list or by entering a new value 3 7 7 Current Excitation Energy The Current Excitation Energy frame specifies the excitation energy currently assigned to the instrument The current excitation energy can be changed by either selecting one of the predefined excitation energies from the drop down list or by entering a new value and clicking the Set button Note If a monochromator plugin is loaded the Current Excitation Energy frame will display the current photon energy of the monochromator When the current excitation energy is changed the new value is assigned to the monochromator SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 20 62 4 Section D Calibration Dialogs 4 1 Introduction This section describes how to use Calibration dialogs 4 2 Voltage Calibration Dialog 4 2 1 Description The Voltage Calibration dialog is mainly used for optimizing intensities by changing the Pass Energy and the lens deflection elements calibrating the Energy Offset to compensate for drift and general troubleshooting 4 2 2 Access From the Calibration menu select the Voltages command Calibration gt Voltages SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 21 62 4 2 3 Voltage Calibration Voltage Calibration File View Display Mode Edit Instrument Pa
17. Elements 4 3 1 Description The two lens deflection elements called Up Down and Left Right can be used to optimize the sample position with regard to intensity or resolution 4 3 2 Select Element Step Element Up tines M Fee Lett Figure 29 Element selection detail Select the lens deflection element that you wish to optimize in the Element box The lens table for the element will become visible in the Lens Curve graph 4 3 3 Adjust Voltage Step 2 Element Voltage 0 0000 Figure 30 Element voltage detail SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 26 62 Next use the Element Voltage box to adjust the voltage for the lens deflection element while watching the Peak Information bar Note Changing settings related to the acquisition will force it to restart and the Element Voltage for the lens deflection element will revert back to its initial value Refer to the How to Edit the Lens Tables for instructions on how to save the new lens deflection voltages in the Lens Table 4 3 4 Optimize Step 3 When optimizing for intensity watch for an increase in peak height or spectrum area when optimizing for energy resolution watch for a decrease in peak FWHM while maintaining good peak height Note Instrument operation is best when the lens deflection elements are at 0 V It is better to optimize the intensity by changing experiment geometry 4 3 5 Peak Information Position 9 46870 ev Fw HM 32 5500 me I
18. I AE a acne chang alt E teal bapa A E E E E A ty 58 OZ DES OpUois DD alO issis ctsscaiss senses A A A A E VN 58 8 9 Supply Information Window opsirni nn nE Mansy ca Geacenco deus seesbisa A 61 84 Detect t Inlormaton Windowsen eee ne ale A E A ia 62 SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 3 62 2 Section A General Software Description 2 1 Introduction This section describes the system requirements the recommended access control set up and how to get started in the software 2 2 About the Software 2 2 1 System Requirements The SES software operates under Windows 2000 or Windows XP 2 2 2 Access Control The software enables a strict access control to sensitive calibration data by enabling a Privilege Level mechanism for individual voltage elements The three levels available are Administrator Privileged User and User The level is determined from the current Windows account and the element access level is configured from the Element Installation dialog 2 3 How to Get Started with the Software 2 3 1 Starting Program The SES program is started by double clicking on its icon A click sound from the High Voltage should be noticeable 2 3 2 Check Cables for Low or High Pass The SES program begins with a pop up window that reminds you to check cable connections for either Low Pass or High Pass 2 3 3 Prior Runs If the SES program has inadvertently shut down during prior acquisition and there is still usable data in the work
19. It provides means of changing the energy range either by low and high energy or by centre energy and energy width The values in the Energy frame are either in binding energy or kinetic energy depending on the selected Energy Mode If fixed acquisition mode is selected in Acquisition Mode only the centre energy can be changed 5 4 3 8 Step Step Frames 3 Frames s tine 0 100 Min Time s 0 0 Size mev 200 000 Min Size meV U Total Time z L Total Steps Figure 53 Detail of the Step frame The Step frame defines the step time and step size of the region e For detectors that have a fixed frame rate such as CCD and FireWire cameras both the Frames and the Time boxes can be used to select the desired step time The step time defines the amount of time the detector should spend acquiring data for each energy step e For detectors with a fixed frame rate the value in the Time box is always adjusted to define a whole number of frames e For swept mode acquisitions the energy step defines the distance in energy between each point of the spectrum The energy step in conjunction with the energy range defines the number of steps and thus the number of spectrum points of a swept mode acquisition e The Step frame displays frame rate for detectors with a fixed frame rate minimum step time and minimum energy step for the selected pass energy It also displays the total number of steps and estimated total time
20. Note The user should not change the values in the Edit Lens Tables dialog except for the lens deflection elements SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 24 62 4 2 5 Instrument Parameters Instrument Parameters Lene Mode Angulard Pass Energy 20 Element IS E Time 3 ooo f Kinetic C Binding Figure 26 The Instrument Parameters frame The Instrument Parameters frame specifies the setup of the continuous acquisition as well as the current element selection When the Voltage Calibration dialog is opened it immediately starts a continuous fixed mode acquisition using default parameters For the detector it uses the full range of Energy Channels It uses a Slices setting dependent on Display Mode and for the remaining parameters it uses values from the global detector settings Note If the user does not have write permission to Instrument dat changes can not be made to element voltages including the lens deflection elements Likewise if the user does not have write permission to RunVar dat changes can not be made to Energy Offset 4 2 6 Voltages Yoltages e Kinetic Energy 7 42652 Element Voltage 1223 7 D06 step 1 0 00000 Figure 27 The Voltages frame The Voltages frame specifies the current kinetic or binding energy and displays the voltage of the selected element 4 2 7 Offsets Offsets eV E nergy Offset 0 0000 Calibrate Ep Offset 0 0000 Calibrate Figure 28 The Offsets
21. SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 1 62 SES Software User s Guide Overview I I Introduction The SES software is a Windows based application that manages most of the user interaction with the SCIENTA spectrometer The SES software controls the analyser and provides a plug in interface for auxiliary equipment This guide describes how to use the SES software version 1 2 6 1 2 Table of Contents SES Sofware Sek SCG Ae saceccs statin casiiespeeiad anaa a a a a a a aaa aaa i 1 EON A E a T T T TA TA T 1 BETO dU Onara aa a a e A EA 1 ETDE OC O a a E A E E RETN 1 2 Section A General Software Description siesctisatarsuehassewsasaaucanphatabooutenduenaencahedouesebeatedinatatesacansbedtts 3 Die SA NM O eea A EE E S 3 DZ ADOUSI NA Ee enaa a ous A bun daenacsedicalaustotecbadebraunedaeedbttaed 3 2o Howto Get Started vith the SONWANE nanan eA NOEC TOCO ORGANE 3 N A EE E E ETEN 4 J Secon C Semp Dlo ianiai aer AE EENE EOE EON OENE EAER 10 CREE a a ET 5 6 EE E E EA E EA E EA E E A E E E EE SS E ts A E ES 10 EDE rE o DT P E E E E O E T E E E E 10 5 Globadand Local Derector StU Sa N A AN 13 A we T A D a E E E O es renee cn trey 13 APIE ODTOD AUO ara NEN T E N E 14 KOU Ser Mater Ac eo WIA OO onare E E O A 16 Fr CATION Tet es Dalon usiana a a T A T AO A N 17 A Son De aibri non TIAN GS ac tee one E NA E E ANON 20 E TO O a a E E AAA OE T E E 20 4 2 Voltage Calibration Dialog oe ea carseat catia tee ean nts ce iokdtagiae butane nua tcheadl
22. Total Count box SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 48 62 6 2 6 Displaying Signals and Spectrum Simultaneously 1400 1200 1000 200 600 400 200 Courts fa u z9 30 31 32 Kinetic Energi 160 140 120 a4 100 30 g 29 30 31 32 Figure 61 Signal and spectrum data from a swept mode acquisition For swept mode acquisitions signal and spectrum data are displayed in separate spectrum displays If the Correlate scales for signals and detector option is checked in the SES Options dialog the energy scales for the signal and spectrum data are correlated Total Count 10690 Inpo 1000 Input 1 Input 2 ee ee Input 3 100 6 05 6 10 6 15 6 20 6 25 6 30 Kinetic Energy ev Figure 62 Signal and spectrum data from a fixed mode acquisition For fixed mode acquisitions spectrum data is displayed in a spectrum display and signal data in a sional display 6 2 7 Spectrum Normalization w Show Coordinates Integrate Slices Show Spectrum Image w Use Range Markers J Show Peak Information H cis a Signals a P bev ctro_in C Deve ctrl_in Deve ochre in Background removal HE bev ctr3_in Ls Color Scheme Ce Normalize with Deve _ctrO_in Normalize with Deve _ctri_in Normalize with Dey chre_in Normalize with Deve _ctr3_in Figure 63 Spectrum plot menu as shown when using both detector and signals SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 49 62 When both detector and signals are acquired
23. are Analyzer Element Detector Element or External I O Element e The security level for an element can be changed using the Security Level drop down list Available values are Administrator Privileged User and User where Administrator is the highest level e Element sets can be added deleted or renamed by clicking the corresponding buttons in the Element Sets frame Note Associations are important when using an instrument which has both signals and a detector and where elements associated with each input interface should be turned off when that interface is not used 7 5 Lens Mode Installation Dialog 7 5 1 Description The Lens Mode dialog is used to add and remove lens modes and to add and remove pass energies 7 5 2 Access From the Installation menu select the Lens Modes command Installation gt Lens Modes SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 57 62 7 5 3 Lens Mode Installation Lens Mode Installation Lens Modes Transmission Add Rename Delete Y 5cale Unit mn Pass Energies Add Delete Magnification Dispersion 5 000 Offset 0 000 Cancel Figure 73 The Lens Mode Installation dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator Note For the first lens mode all pass energies must be activated Lens modes can be added by clicking the Add button in the Lens Mode frame The selected lens mode can be deleted or renamed by clicking the Delete or Rename butt
24. ble when using multiple sequences Cancel Sto Cancels the current stop request This p p req command is available only after one of the above stop requests has been issued Force Stop Forces the current acquisition to stop immediately Incomplete data from the current sweep is discarded but data from earlier sweeps is kept SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 8 62 When using multiple sequences opens the Sequence List Editor for acquisition setup Otherwise opens the Sequence Editor Table 6 The Run menu items Note If the Autosave option is checked in the File Options dialog all stop commands will save acquired data Note If the Zero voltages option is checked in the Acquisition tab of the SES Options dialog Force Stop works effectively as an emergency button resetting all supplies to zero This is important when working with experiments which might damage the detector 2 4 7 2 Controlling the Number of Sweeps Number of Sweeps 1 D 5es 1 2 54data Sequence seg D Ses 1 2 54data Sequence seq D Ses 1 2 54data Sequences seq Cils Figure 7 The Number of Sweeps dialog It is possible to adjust the number of sweeps of the current region during acquisition To do this select Run Number of Sweeps which opens the Number of Sweeps dialog that allows the total number of sweeps to be changed for the region being acquired and for subsequent regions 2 4 8 Help Menu Fie iew Installation Setup Ca
25. confirmation to continue will be displayed after each successful execution of the sequence or the region SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 44 62 6 Section F Operations during Acquisition 6 1 Introduction This section describes the operations and information during data acquisition 6 2 Operating the Spectrum Display 6 2 1 Description The Spectrum Display is used to display acquired spectra and can be configured to display data in several ways During acquisition it scales automatically to the acquired data and it also has zooming capabilities and can display basic peak information 6 2 2 Spectrum Display i i w Show Coordinates Integrate Slices Show Spectrum Image Use Range Markers Show Peak Information cis Ls Color Scheme eh Mm wi E a m m T m r il Background removal 285 0 Kinetic Energy e Figure 56 Displaying the first slice of a multiple slice spectrum The Spectrum Display context menu is opened by right clicking in the spectrum area and has the following menu items e The Show Coordinates menu item specifies whether the information about the coordinates of the mouse pointer s current position should be displayed e The Integrate Slices menu item is only available with multiple slice spectra If Integrate Slices is checked the spectrum data for all slices will be summed and displayed as a single slice spectrum SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 45 62 e The Show Sp
26. ection curve can be calibrated for the current pass energy by clicking the Calibrate button 4 6 The Spin Detector Calibration Dialog 4 6 1 Description The Spin Detector Calibration dialog is used to calibrate the spin channel energies 4 6 2 Access Note This dialog will only show up if there is an External I O module installed and that module has also been configured as Spin Detector see 7 2 From the Calibration menu select the Spin Detector command Calibration gt Spin Detector SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 4 6 3 Spin Detector Calibration Spin Detector Calibration Spin 1 Instrument Parameters Lens Mode Transmission T Fass Energy 10 Sweep Parameters f Kinetic C Binding mao Fo0000 0000 a 9 4999783 Y 2 OE 4 Kinetic Energy Width ev Step Size me Step Time Prasition 9 50000 0 Restart Height 26 830 Figure 41 The Spin Detector Dialog 31 62 Beli Energy Calibration e Energy Offset 0 0000 gt Calibrate Multiple Counting Factors Dev2_ctrO_in Calibrate Area 26 830 1 Step ii Cancel PYHM H A Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator The Spin Detector Calibration dialog is capable of handling multiple spin detectors shown in different tabs at the top of the dialog When opening the dialog a measurement is automatically started and can subsequently be restarted by clicking on the Restart button
27. ectrum Image menu item is only available with multiple slice spectra If Show Spectrum Image is checked the spectrum data will be displayed as an image representation of the spectrum e The Use Range Markers menu item specifies whether only data within the area of the range markers should be displayed e The Show Peak Information menu item specifies whether basic peak information should be displayed at the bottom of the spectrum display e The Cls menu item is named after the region that is being displayed and is only visible if the spectrum has as a graph Its sub menu specifies whether the graph should be drawn using lines or points as well as the colour of the graph The sub menu also allows more detailed modification of the curve by opening a Customize dialog e The Colour Scheme item specifies what colours to use for the background of the spectrum display as well as for the axes and the text When selecting a colour scheme the colour of the graph will be reset to the default value for that colour scheme Note The Integrate Slices and Show Spectrum Image commands are mutually exclusive By checking either one of them the other will automatically be unchecked If either one of them is checked the Slice box will not be visible 6 2 3 Customize Curve Dialog Customize Curve Draw Line Solid iw Draw Point Circle Gzell Filled bul Cancel Figure 57 The Customize Curve dialog The Customize Curve dial
28. ectrum display during acquisitions e If the Correlate Scales option is checked spectrum displays showing signal and detector data will use the same energy scale 8 2 5 Acquisition Tab SES Options Spectrum Correlation Spectrum Display Messages Appearance Acquisition iw Always use delay before region iw ero voltages when exiting dialogues and when sequence i stopped or finished v Allow acquisitions of both Signals and Detector Adjust energy window for both Signals and Detector Use multiple sequences Figure 76 The Acquisition tab The Acquisition tab contains options pertaining to acquisitions and applies to the setup and calibration dialogs that have acquisition capabilities as well as experiment acquisitions The administrator will setup these options e If the Always use delay option is checked a region delay of usually one second will always precede the execution of an acquisition even if the high voltage power supplies have not changed since the last acquisition e If the Zero voltages option is checked all supplies will be zeroed when a sequence is completed or stopped by the user and when a calibration or setup dialog with acquisition capabilities is closed e Ifthe Allow acquisitions option is checked acquisitions using the detector and signals simultaneously are possible e If the Use multiple sequences option is checked the Sequence List Editor is available through clic
29. external window Delay drawing of swept regions Image Scale Factor 2 100 W Update on the fly Y Figure 78 The Spectrum Display tab SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 61 62 The Spectrum Display tab contains options pertaining to displaying spectra and in particular to displaying of image representations of spectra e If the Spectrum Image option is checked the image representation of a multiple slice acquisition will be displayed in an external window e If the Delay drawing option is checked the spectrum display in the SES main window delays displaying of an acquisition until data is available This allows a completed spectrum to be viewed while the subsequent acquisition performs its preparation steps e The Image Scale Factor frame pertains to the external image in the SES main window and in the Voltage Calibration dialog e If the Update on the fly option is checked changes to the scale factor will take effect immediately 8 3 Supply Information Window 8 3 1 Description The Supply Information window is used to display the voltages assigned to specific supplies during instrument operation This window is mainly used for troubleshooting e g to check whether certain instrument settings brings any of the supplies out of range 8 3 2 Access From the main View menu select the Show Supply Information command View gt Show Supply Information 8 3 3 Supply Information a E Supply Informatio
30. f the slices and this is handled automatically by the Detector Setup dialog The spin edits and the range markers for Y Channels behave differently in this context 3 2 Detector Modes Detector Mode defines whether the detector system should use Pulse Counting or ADC mode The detector systems based on the VG Scienta 7059 processor cards and newer detector systems based on FireWire cameras have two detector modes ADC and Pulse Counting mode Older detector systems may have either Pulse Counting mode or no modes SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 12 62 3 2 8 ADC Mode Detector Mode f ADC f Pulse Counting ADC Mask E gt Figure 13 Detail of the Detector Mode frame for ADC mode In ADC mode which is the most commonly used mode each camera pixel is counted as an event and added to the total intensity during a measurement Noise reduction is performed before making the accumulation Since one event often occupies more than one pixel the Multiple Counting Factor is of importance Note For FireWire cameras the ADC Mask value is not used 3 2 9 Pulse Counting Mode Detector Mode ADC f Pulse Counting Discriminator Level 1 Figure 14 Detail of the Detector Mode frame for Pulse Counting mode Pulse Counting is only useful for very low intensities The idea behind it is to replace an event containing several pixels distributed in a spot like shape with a single pixel with intensity one One such spot is considered to
31. folder a query to save the data to an experiment file before continuing is displayed Click Yes or No to continue 2 3 4 Start Guide e Experiments are defined and started from the Setup and Run commands in the Run menu Run Setup and Run gt Run e Energy calibration and lens deflection calibration is done in the Voltage Calibration dialog Calibration gt Voltages e Global detector settings are defined through the Setup Global Detector command in the Setup menu Setup gt Global Detector SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 4 62 2 3 5 Before Turning HV On e Make sure the pressure is below 1 10 mbar e Open the Voltage Calibration dialog to check that the running parameters are reasonable Calibration amp Voltages e Go to Chapter 3 System Operation 2 4 Main Menu 2 4 1 Introduction This section gives an overview of the main menu commands 2 4 2 File Menu View Installation Setup Calit Open Spectrum Chrl a Mew Instrument Open Instrument Save Instrument s Reset Chrl T zero Supplies Chrl 2 Options Exit Figure 1 File Menu 2 4 2 1 File Menu Commands Open Spectrum Open a previously saved spectrum which is then displayed in a separate window New Instrument Create a new instrument calibration file Open Instrument Open a different instrument calibration file Save Instrument As Save the currently open instrument calibration file under a different name Reset Ab
32. for one acquisition of the region 5 4 3 9 Detector The Detector frame defines the detector settings for the region e The Configuration combo box determines if acquisition should be made through the detector and or the Signals I O e If the Use Region Defined Detector box is unchecked the region will use the global detector settings SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 42 62 e If the Use Region Defined Detector box is checked it will use local detector settings specific to the region The local detector settings can be changed by clicking the Setup button 5 4 3 10 Excitaion Excitation Energy e P Me lonoch AlKa 1 486 600 Figure 54 Detail of the Excitation Energy frame The Excitation energy frame defines the excitation energy or photon energy for the region e An excitation energy can be entered either by selecting one of the predefined energies or by typing a new value in the excitation energy box e The predefined excitation energies and the default excitation energy for new regions can be modified in the Excitation Energies dialog This dialog is accessed from the main Setup menu by selecting the Excitation Energies command e Ifa monochromator plugin is being used the monochromator can be moved to the selected excitation energy by checking the Move Monochromator box To use the current photon energy of the monochromator as the excitation energy for the region click the Get Energy button 5 5 Run Modes
33. g 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 266 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Transmission 1486 0000 Binding 284 0000 286 0000 200 00 Region Active Regions gt Special Region Sequence Run Mode New Edit Copy Delete 8 l New Normal Info Number of iterations 1 2 me Comments Location Scienta Repeat until stopped User Scienta Confirm after each iteration Sample xe File Name Test Initial Offset Calibration Setup Detector File Options Cancel Figure 49 The Sequence Editor 5 3 3 1 Title Bar The title bar displays the file name of the active sequence 5 3 3 2 Menu Sequence Editor C lTemp Ses 1 7 4 data Seque Region Ctrl F pen Sequence Cbtrl c y o i EgUEnNCE Save Sequence Chrl 5 a TT Trang MIESO Save Sequence 45 ansmniesior 10 Exit lansmission 10 Figure 50 Detail of the File menu The File menu provides commands to open save and create new sequences It also provides commands to create new regions Sequence Editor C lemp Ses 1 2 4 d Transmission Copy Ctrl g Cut
34. ge to the central part of the detector mainly improves angular resolution Note The channels can be changed either by the spin edit boxes or by the range markers in the detector window 3 2 5 Y Channels YT Channels Ab to 3I S r Tt Figure 11 Detail of the Y Channels frame Y Channels define the channel range in the angular or spatial direction of the detector When only one slice is used there are no restrictions on how to select the range of Y Channels Note The channels can be changed either by the spin edit boxes or by the range markers in the detector window 3 2 6 Slices Slices 20 of max 300 Figure 12 Detail of the Slices frame Slices define the number of partitions of equal height into which Y Channels should be divided Unless the detector system has only Energy Channels the Y Channels can be divided into a number of Slices When only one slice is used data is summed over all Y Channels and presented as a one dimensional spectrum in the energy dispersion direction When more than one slice is used data is instead presented either as 2 one dimensional spectrum summed over all Y Channels as above e several one dimensional spectra for each slice respectively or e an image representation of the two dimensional spectrum Note When choosing a value for Slices other than one there are enforced restrictions on the range of Y Channels The number of Y Channels must be an even multiple o
35. ged by entering a new value and pressing the Enter key E Control Supplies voltages zero All L Spl Send Repeatedly noo dan irnn Ahi Figure 47 Detail of the Voltages manu SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 34 62 e The Zero All command in the Voltages menu sets all supplies to their zero values e The Send Repeatedly command in the Voltages menu forces the assigned voltages to be sent to the supplies repeatedly with a 100 ms delay SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 35 62 5 Section E Run Dialogs 5 1 Introduction This section describes how to use the Sequence and Region Editors explains the Run Modes and how to compensate for energy drifts during data acquisition 5 2 Sequence List Editor 5 2 1 Desciption The Sequence List Editor defines sequences to be run in an experiment batch Each sequence in the sequence list uses individual settings 5 2 2 Access From the Run menu select the Setup command Run gt Setup Note The Sequence List Editor is only available if the Use Multiple Sequences option in the SES Options dialog is checked 5 2 3 Sequence List Editor lt Sequence List Editor Seles 1 O NSes 1 2 S data Sequence seq 0 DcSes 1 2 5 data Sequences seq 0 DcNSes 1 2 5 data Sequences seq Figure 48 The Sequence List Editor 5 2 3 1 Sequence List The sequence list displays the sequences available for execution e The right column displays the file names of added se
36. isplay Spectrum Image corresponds to an acquisition using the maximum number of slices available for the current selection of Y Channels in the global detector settings The data can be presented either as an image or as kinetic or binding energy vs counts or count rate for each slice individually or summed over all slices Note The Spectrum Image item will have a submenu only if the detector system has a setting for Data Bytes Signals If this command is checked signal data will be displayed instead of spectrum data If the Allow acquisition of both Signals and Detector option has been enabled in the SES Options dialog both signal and spectrum data will be displayed simultaneously Note Signals are only available if an I O interface library has been defined in the Instrument Installation dialog Intensity as counts s If this command is checked the intensity of the acquired data will be displayed as count rate rather than as counts Add Intensity until Restarted If this command is checked the intensity of subsequent acquisitions are added until either the Restart button is clicked or changes made to the acquisition parameters forces the acquisition to restart 4 2 4 4 Edit Menu E Voltage Calibration File view Display Mode Maali Instrument Parameters ens Tables zara Figure 25 The Edit menu The Lens Table item opens the Edit Lens Tables dialog for the currently selected Lens Mode and Pass Energy
37. king the Setup command from the Run menu SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 60 62 Note It is highly recommended that the Zero voltages option remains checked at all times to minimize the risks of detector overload Note If the detector and signals operate on disparate intensity levels checking the Allow acquisitions option increases the risk for a detector overload by allowing users to use detector and signals simultaneously 8 2 6 Spectrum Correlation Tab Ses Options Messages Appearance Acquisition Spectrum Correlation Spectrum Display Spectrum Type f Eemi edge f Peak Smooth Points Figure 77 The Spectrum Correlation tab The Spectrum Correlation tab contains options pertaining to spectrum correlation When using the Drift Region Spectrum correlation is performed using Fast Fourier Transform routines for both XPS and UPS peaks and Fermi edges e If the Peak option is selected the spectra from the Drift Region will be assumed to contain an XPS or a UPS peak e If the Fermi edge option is selected the spectra from the Drift Region will be assumed to contain a Fermi edge The Drift Region spectra will then be smoothed and differentiated once using a Savitzky Golay filter prior to correlation The number of smooth points can be specified using the Smooth Points box 8 2 7 Spectrum Display Tab Ses Options Messages Appearance Acquisition Spectrum Correlation spectrum Display W Spectrum Image in
38. libration Fun PY vy 0 fre yf 0 5 About SES Figure 8 The Help menu 2 4 8 1 Help Menu Commands SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 9 62 About SES Opens the About SES information window Table 7 The Help menu items SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 10 62 3 Section C Setup Dialogs 3 1 Introduction This section describes how to use the Setup dialogs 3 2 Detector Setup Dialog 3 2 1 Description The Setup Detector dialog defines the active window of the detector and how this window is divided into slices for image acquisition 3 2 2 Access e From the Setup menu select the Global Detector command Setup gt Global Detector e Inthe Sequence Editor click the Setup Detector button e Inthe Region Editor s Detector tab check the Use Region Defined Detector box and then click the Setup button 3 2 3 Detector Setup Global Detector Setup Energy Channels iso to YT Channels e0 2 gg l ey in a00 Slices 290 oof max 870 Detector Mode f ADC i Pulse Counting ADC Mask Y Channels Detector Image Show Detector Image 400 600 Energy Channels Cancel Figure 9 The Detector Setup dialog for global detector settings Energy Channels fs to s a Figure 10 Detail of the Energy Channels frame 3 2 4 Energy Channels SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 11 62 Energy Channels define the channel range in the energy direction of the detector Reducing the energy ran
39. mized from the Element Installation dialog Table 4 The Setup menu items Note The user only has to use the Global Detector and File Options commands The remaining commands should only be used by the system administrator 2 4 6 Calibration Menu Fie View Inskallation Setup Run Help i Volkages Detector Control Supplies Figure 5 The Calibration menu 2 4 6 1 Calibration Menu Commands Open the Voltage Calibration dialog SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 7 62 Open the Detector Calibration dialog Control Supplies Open the Control Supplies dialog Table 5 The Calibration menu items 2 4 7 Run Menu File View Installation Setup Calibration Help O12 Y Ctrl g Ctrl U Figure 6 The Run menu 2 4 7 1 Run Menu Commands Run Starts an acquisition with the current sequence and region settings Stop after Region Stops the acquisition after the region has finished each of its sweeps Stop after Sequence Stops the acquisition after the sequence has finished each of its regions Stop after Sweep Stops the acquisition after the current sweep Number of Sweeps Control the number of sweeps for the current region Jump to next Region Finishes the acquisition of the current sweep and starts the next region ump to next Sequence inishes the current region and starts the pt t Seq Finishes th t region and starts th next sequence This command is only applica
40. n Seles A H L 2L SphiH gt L 4L SphOH L 2H LY4H L 3 L 5H AV L SphiL SphoOL L 5L A FocOS LBias L 1 MCP SCREEN DRET AY scan LDup o o000 LDleft DellS AW H Figure 79 The Supply Information window The supply voltage indicators can be dragged and dropped to resemble the layout of the high voltage cabinet If a supply is within its operational range this is indicated by the green colour of the numbers in the voltage indicator If not this is indicated by the red colour SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 62 62 8 4 Detector Information Window 8 4 1 Description The Detector Information window is used to display the current detector settings This dialog can be used to verify that the correct detector settings for different regions in a sequence are selected 8 4 2 Access From the main View menu select the Show Detector Information command View gt Show Detector Information 8 4 3 Detector Information Detector Information Detector Regiorr First Channel Last Channel First Chanrnel Last y Channel Number of Slices i Using 400 Mode Discriminator Level ADC Mask Figure 80 The Detector Information window
41. nals Once a channel has been selected for one tab that channel is disabled for the other tabs 7 3 Supply Installation Dialog 7 3 1 Description The Supply Installation dialog is used to add and remove supplies and to change their settings and calibration parameters SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 54 62 7 3 2 Access From the Installation menu select the Supplies command Installation gt Supplies 7 3 3 Supply Installation Supply Installation File Edit Min Limit hax Limit Scale Period Offset MaxUut FRampstep Ramplelay A KODO 0 047 70 100 0 2 p000 0196 0 12140 6257 47 100 0 B00 0196 O O0050 625 5750 100 0 B00 0196 0 09520 621 05950 100 0 BO 0196 0 04450 617 7270 100 0 100 0196 0 01240 102 8390 100 0 100 0196 0 01450 102 9750 100 0 e000 0196 0 45090 61858 51 100 0 1500 0196 0 04130 1545 76 100 0 ennn o7o0c CACEN Ciac CC mann l Min Limit E0 Offset 0047 Ramp Step tv 100 0 Period 8196 Max Limit 6000 Max Output 6184 515 Ramp Delay ms 20 H Add Delete Calibrate DAC Calibration DASES 1 2 Bnei Browse Load Ok Cancel Figure 71 The Supply Installation dialog Note This dialog should only be used only by the system administrator e The supply list displays the supplies for the instrument By selecting one specific supply its calibration parameters and settings can be edited e New supplies can be added by selecting the proper type and clicking the Add b
42. nin a a 20 4 3 How to Optimize the Lens Deflection Elements ca csucs sssvavssudocsis caboeaeeseudaus sacsatvcraaveesesewdeues 25 A Howto Edi Gils TIDES creron E EA Rectteteeeentakeaee 26 HD Decor Caira on Dial O iici i E ESE EE O ETE EENE OOE 27 AGA LOMO SUP pies PDOT arri i e EE ERTO ATOE TO NONTON 30 S Secon E R n LD alO Os saian A E E T AA 35 LAOU CHON aa a a a sctenacGateencnettcsuauecteiseateasae hie naan A Gokerseaceasee 35 D2 Sequence List EANO Feren aa aa e a N AONE ON E 3 Di DCGUCNCE BAOT erre na canadien se atu eosin sua avi coma tals dade ooo aa EE 36 TERO ON mi ehh de ceRe Ne err eR NN ERTS Soe nee rene re meen tenner no ner TT ene TTT reer rear rrr 39 Oi RUN IOC Serian aa a a tu kae a bee seaatea hs aa acotnd a cus baeteantheatcnustesncay 42 6 Section O pertions durin A cgus NOn E E A O E 44 Oe TAOCA O aen EO O E TA OA O 44 G2 Opetating the Spectron 11551 Ay ern Dende a T a teal ceuee 44 Ge WG SEGU CCS Wee aise E seta indians osauct ates A E E T 50 CP es Moa nc tng ceincata sh E edocs ba asnsats accu acsic nee stee deat savas ipa E AN 51 Tocci Gelman LIA OOS eaea eR EAE R EARNE 52 SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 2 62 T TAOCE C Oisian ter a errrcerrrr rename tiers NOTNO 52 T2 WSCC nst lanon Dalo o aana a R E EA SaS 52 fee ratio 6 Wig oala on D AOE a E AAO 53 P A a A DI O a eer A E E E E E E R 54 RS Lens Mode Viistall ation Dilog csesare nuien A E 56 9 Section H SES Options and Information Dialog Seeerei 58 Se UAT CN
43. ns of the region table with the mouse or hold the CTRL key and use the Up and Down keys 5 4 Region Editor 5 4 1 Description The Region Editor is used to define acquisition regions The most basic settings for a region are lens mode pass energy and energy range In addition to this there are more advanced settings such as using a region specific detector setting and run mode 5 4 2 Access In the Sequence Editor double click a row in the region table SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 40 62 5 4 3 Region Editor Region Editor Hame Cls Lens Mode Pass Energy Transmission 700 Aun Mode Acquisition Mode Moral f Swept C Fired Number of iterations 1 Energy Mode f Kinetic f Binding f Repeat until stopped Confirm after each iteration Energy e Low 234 0000 Center 295 0000 High 296 0000 width 2 0000 Step Frames 3 Frarnes s Time 3 0 1 0g Min Time 3 Size me 200 000 Min Size me Total Time s Total Steps Detector Configuration Detector Signals Use Region Defined Detector Excitation Energy e y 1 496 0000 Figure 52 The Region Editor Note Changes made to a region in the Region Editor will be saved when the Sequence Editor is closed or the Save Sequence or Save Sequence As commands are used 5 4 3 1 Name This text box provides a means to rename the currently selected region as well as changing which region in the cu
44. nsity of that position will also be displayed Note When a large detector area with many slices is selected this might result in a decreased sweep speed due to computer performance but data is still collected correctly For optimal performance do not display the spectrum in image mode when acquiring swept spectra 6 2 5 Displaying Signals Signals are treated as detectors with no dimension For fixed mode acquisitions the signal data will consist of one value for each channel whereas for swept mode acquisitions there will be one cutve for each channel SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 47 62 6 2 5 1 Displaying Signals in Swept Mode 160 140 120 100 m Show Coordinates BO 40 Signals j la Color Scheme ika 0 B inputs i zo 2g 30 al Kinetic Energy e Figure 59 Spectrum display showing signal data from a swept mode acquisition For swept mode acquisitions each channel is displayed as an individual curve in a separate spectrum display The x axis represents Kinetic Energy and the y axis the measured channel values Each channel has individually configurable colour and drawing configurations 6 2 5 2 Displaying Signals in Fixed Mode Total Count 10690 InputO E 1000 inputi Jeo Input 2 Input 3 Figure 60 Display showing signal data from a fixed mode acquisition For fixed mode acquisitions each channel is displayed as a value and a bar The sum of all channels is also shown in the
45. og lets the user modify how the spectra will be displayed By selecting the Draw Line and or Draw Point checkboxes the curve can be visible in different forms and colors e The curve can be drawn with Solid Dash Dot Dash Dot and Dash Dot Dot shapes and the color can be selected by clicking on the color square next to the selection box e The individual points can be shown as Points Squares Diamonds Circles or Crosses The size of the points is also adjustable through the Size text box The Size and Fill attributes are not applicable for Point shapes which only draw individual pixels As for the Draw Line option Draw Point also allows for customization of the color SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 46 62 6 2 4 Displaying Spectra as Images a af jne i Scale Factor 2 0 Scale mm gt th th 5 55 068 9006 595 O00 90S 5 10 9 15 820 9325 930 9 35 Kinetic Energy e Figure 58 Image representation of a multiple slice spectrum When displaying the spectrum image the Scale Factor box will be visible The scale factor specifies how the body of the spectrum data should be scaled with respect to the maximum e Decreasing the Scale Factor yields more detail in the low intensity areas of the spectrum such as noise e Increasing the Scale Factor yields more detail in the high intensity areas of the spectrum If the Show Coordinates item is checked in addition to the position of the mouse pointer the inte
46. on respectively in the Lens Mode frame The Y Scale Unit field specifies the dimensional unit used for the angular or spatial dimension The check list in the Pass Energies frame specifies the available pass energies for the selected lens mode Pass energies can be added by clicking the Add button and the selected pass energy can be deleted by clicking the Delete button For specific lens modes a pass energy can be activated or deactivated by checking the appropriate entry in the check list The Maenification Dispersion field specifies the dispersion for angular lens modes and the magnification for spatial lens modes for the selected pass energy The Offset field specifies the angular or spatial scale offset for angular and spatial lens modes respectively for the selected pass energy SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 58 62 8 Section H SES Options and Information Dialogs 8 1 Introduction This section describes how to customize the software appearance and information 8 2 SES Options Dialog 8 2 1 Description The SES Options dialog is used to define general aspects of appearance and behaviour of the SES software An important option in the Acquisition tab is the choice to zero all supplies after a completed acquisition This is useful when working with experiments which might damage the detector 8 2 2 Access From the File menu select the Options command File gt Options 8 2 3 Messages Tab Ses Options Spectr
47. ort ongoing acquisition and send a reset to the supply and the detector hardware Zero Supplies Set all supplies to zero voltage Open the SES Options dialog SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 5 62 Table 1 The File menu items 2 4 3 View Menu File Installation Setup Calibration Run Help Error List Y 0 006 w Sequence Tree Show Supply Information Show Detector Information Figure 2 The View menu 2 4 3 1 View Menu Commands spectrum display is shown Table 2 The View menu items 2 4 4 Installation Menu File view Setup Calibration Run Help Instrument 154 Supplies Elements Lens Modes Figure 3 The Installation menu 2 4 4 1 Installation Menu Commands Open the Instrument Installation dialog Supplies Open the Installation dialog Open the Element Installation dialog Lens Modes Open the Lens Mode Installation dialog Table 3 The Installation menu items SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 6 62 2 4 5 Setup Menu Fie View Installation Calibration Run Help Global Detector nz Signals File Options User Interfaces Excitation Energies w Low Pass High Pass Figure 4 The Setup menu 2 4 5 1 Setup Menu Commands Menu Tem Global Detector global detector settings User Interfaces Excitation Energies Low Pass High Pass Select a set of elements depending on instrument for high or low pass ranges This group of menu items is custo
48. quences e The left column displays the number of enabled regions in the corresponding sequence SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 36 62 5 2 3 2 Edit Buttons The following buttons are available for editing the sequence list e To create a new sequence click the New button The new sequence is added to the end of the list e To open one or more existing sequences click the Open button The selected sequences are added to the end of the list e To edit the selected sequence in the Sequence Editor Dialog click the Edit button e To create a copy of a selected sequence click the Copy button e To delete the selected sequence s from the list click the Delete button e To move the selected sequence s up or down in the queue use the Up and Down buttons Note Deleting a sequence from the sequence list does not delete the corresponding sequence file 5 3 Sequence Editor 5 3 1 Description The Sequence Editor defines the regions to be run in an experiment which run mode to use and where to save resulting data 5 3 2 Access e When using multiple sequences double click a sequence file or click the Edit button in the Sequence List Editor e Otherwise from the Run menu click the Setup command Run gt Setup SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 37 62 5 3 3 Sequence Editor Sequence Editor D Ses 1 2 5 data Sequence seq File Edit ee ae Transmission 1486 0000 Bindin
49. rameters Lens Mode Transmission Pass Energy 10 k Element Time 2 1 000 f Kinetic f Binding Voltages e Kinetic Energy 10 0000 Element Voltag 57 3247 Optimize fren 1 00000 Oo 200 400 BOO s 61000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Offsets e Kinetic Energy ev Energy Offset 0 0000 Calibrate Table Entry En Offset 0 0000 j Calibrate m gt m Delete Clear aN B7326 Y 00 80 Area 2 766 Fw HM MA Height 12 Position 9 60867 ew Restart Figure 20 The Voltage Calibration dialog 4 2 4 Voltage Calibration Menus The menu bar in the Voltage Calibration dialog includes File View Display Mode and Edit menus 4 2 4 1 File Menu E Voltage Calibration View Display Mode Edit Import Parameters Export Angular Exit z0 Figure 21 The File menu The File menu is used for importing and exporting lens tables and for exiting the Voltage Calibration dialog SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 22 62 Note The user only has to use the Exit command in this menu The remaining commands should only be used by the system administrator 4 2 4 2 View Menu SEWE Display Mode Edit Position Height Fuh Ares Energy Range Show Supply Information Figure 22 The View menu The first four commands of the View menu open number display windows corresponding to data in the Peak Information bar The Energy Range menu button opens a dialog that
50. re 67 Sequence tree after acquisition After acquisition the spectra of the individual regions can be displayed by selecting the region in the sequence tree If the Add Dimension run mode is used the individual spectra of the region can be displayed by selecting the relevant iteration count 6 4 The Status Bar 6 4 1 Description The Status Bar of the main window displays information pertaining to the current acquisition Depending on which options are checked in the Appearance tab of the Options dialog the appearance of the status bar will be different 6 4 2 Status Bar Region Iteration 1 3 DySes 1 2 5 Factory Test0015 pxt D 5es 1 2 5 work00 0000 0000 dat Transmission 200 00 ew Ek 1180 7373 eY Remaining Time 9m 585 Figure 68 Detail of the Status bar displaying information for a regionusing the Add Dimension run mode with three iterations The information shown in the status bar from left e The current and total number of additive iterations of the region e The name of the experiment file in which spectrum data is saved If the Autosave option in the File Options dialog is unchecked the text No Autosave will be displayed e The name of the temporary file where the acquired data is saved as long as the spectrum is shown in the Spectrum Display plot e The Lens Mode and Pass Energy of the acquisition e The current Kinetic Energy of the analyser during acquisition e The estimated remaining time of the
51. rgy Channel es Al fe Y A134 Clear Calibrate Muti Calibrate Cancel Figure 34 The Detector Calibration dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator 4 5 4 Dialogs Menu Detector Calibration Dialogs Detector Linearity Leng Mode Transmissio Pace EPrearci An Figure 35 Detail of the Dialogs menu e The Detector Linearity command is used to investigate the saturation level when using Pulse Counting mode and ADC Mode respectively SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 29 62 4 5 5 Calibration Mode Calibration Mode Lens Mode Angular Pass Energy 20 Figure 36 Detail of the Calibration Mode frame The basic acquisition parameters of the instrument are specified in the Calibration Mode frame 4 5 6 Energy Correction Diagram The Energy Correction Diagram displays the calibration curve for the current pass energy 4 5 7 Energy Scale Energy Scale me channel a 037 Optimize Figure 37 Detail of the Energy Scale frame The Energy Scale frame specifies the basic energy scale of the detector Basic energy scale calibration can be started by clicking the Optimize button and stopped by clicking the Stop button 4 5 8 Y scale Y Scale mm channel 0 022000 Figure 38 Detail of the Y scale frame The Y scale frame specifies the basic angular or spatial scale of the detector 4 5 9 Multiple Counting Factors Multiple Counting Factors
52. rgy calibration should be done before starting this The peak should be at the center of the graph and when clicking Calibrate the peaks from all spin channels will be normalized to the same intensity 4 7 Control Supplies Dialog SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 33 62 4 7 1 Description The Control Supplies dialog is used to display and change the voltages assigned to specific supplies It is used solely for troubleshooting the operation of the supplies 4 7 2 Access From the Calibration menu select the Control Supplies command Calibration gt Control Supplies 4 7 3 Control Supplies E Control Supplies voltages AW H i LY2L75 phiH L 4L SphOH L H 0 0000 E ri _ 100 1500 l s lE oo o 6 o 1 BO00 Figure 46 Example of the Control Supplies dialog Note This dialog should only be used by the system administrator Note The zero value for high voltage supplies generally differ from 0 by a small amount e The supply voltage indicators can be dragged and dropped to resemble the layout of the high voltage e Ifasupply is within its operational range this is indicated by the green colour of the numbers in the voltage indicator If it is outside its operational range the colour will be red e A specific supply can be brought to its extreme max and min values by clicking the respective button at the bottom of the appropriate supply voltage indicator e The voltage assigned to a specific supply can also be chan
53. rrent sequence to edit 5 4 3 2 Lens Mode The Lens Mode box lists the lens modes available for the instrument 5 4 3 3 Pass Energy The Pass Energy box lists the pass energies available for the selected lens mode Choosing a higher pass energy results in higher intensity and a wider energy range at the expense of energy resolution 5 4 3 4 Run Mode The Run Mode frame defines how the software should perform the acquisitions and save the data Note that this is different from the run mode defined in the Sequence Editor 5 4 3 5 Acquisition Mode The Acquisition Mode frame defines whether the region should be measured using fixed mode or swept mode In fixed mode the energy is kept fixed for the duration of the acquisition so that a SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 41 62 snapshot of the selected detector area is produced The energy range is restricted by the energy width of the detector which is typically about 10 of the pass energy In swept mode the energy is incremented by the energy step starting with the low energy Each step in energy corresponds to one point of the spectrum and each step in energy is also integrated over the selected area of the detector 5 4 3 6 Energy Mode The Energy Mode frame defines whether binding energy or kinetic energy should be used for defining the low and high energies and for the energy scale of the spectrum 5 4 3 7 Energy The Energy frame defines the energy range of the region
54. simultaneously in swept mode options for normalizing the spectrum to the acquired signals are added to the plot menu It is also possible to view the signals in the same plot as the spectrum 6 2 8 Range Markers and Peak Information 6 2 8 1 Range Markers and Peak Display i i ed th rea a tH a Mm Yi E o o g f at mi J th 234 0 Kinetic Energy ey Position 284 99940 Height 3 256 FHE 14 2 44 Area F001 Figure 64 Range markers and peak information detail 6 2 8 2 Range Markers The range markers are used to specify which energy range of the spectrum should be displayed and used for calculation of peak information If a spectrum contains multiple peaks peak information pertaining only to the highest peak is displayed Information about another peak can be gained by moving the range markers to include only that peak By moving the range markers to include a certain region of interest the area is calculated using data within the range markers only 6 2 8 3 Peak Information The Peak Information bar displays information pertaining to the highest peak in the spectrum e Position describes the energy position of the highest point e Height describes the intensity of the highest point e FWHM describes the full width at half maximum of the peak e Area describes the total intensity over the whole spectrum SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 50 62 6
55. trl_ out Deve ctrl out Deve ctr out Dey ctr out Figure 16 The Signal Setup dialog 3 4 4 Input Signals The Input Signals frame lists the input channels defined in the I O interface library Input signals can be disabled individually by clicking the check boxes next to the corresponding signal name 3 4 5 Output Signals The Output Signals frame lists the input channels defined in the I O interface library Output signals can be disabled individually by clicking the check boxes next to the corresponding signal name 3 5 File Options Dialog 3 5 1 Description The File Options dialog is used for specifying available experiment file libraries and for defining parameters such as experiment file type save directory and file naming method SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 15 62 3 5 2 Access e From the Setup menu select the File Options command Setup gt File Options e Inthe Sequence Editor click the File Options button Note When using multiple sequences and accessing the File Options dialog from the Setup menu the file options for the first sequence in the list are displayed 3 5 3 File Options File Options File Interface Libraries D 5es 1 24 5 d11iiIgor dll D Ses 1 2 5 d11 Text dll Add Delete File Type Pt pxt Save Directory D Ses 1 2 5 Factory Browse Sort by Sample Sorby User w Autogave File Naming Method C Generate fram date and time Spectrum Naming Format
56. um Correlation Spectrum Display Messages Appearance Acquisition Error Level Warring Figure 74 The Message tab Note The Messages tab should only be used by the system administrator 8 2 4 Appearance Tab SES Options Spectrum Correlation Spectrum Display Messages Appearance Acquisition Expand sequence tree view Show name of temporary file in statue bar W Show Kinetic Energy in status bar W Show Lens Mode and Pass Energy in status bar We Show Progress Bar Correlate scales for signals and detector Figure 75 The Appearance tab SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 59 62 The Appearance tab contains general options for the appearance of the SES software The administrator will setup these options e If the Expand sequence tree view option is checked acquisitions using the Add Dimension run mode will be expanded automatically in the sequence tree view e Ifthe Show name of option is checked the name of the temporary file stored in the work folder will be displayed in the status bar This option is for advanced use e If the Show Kinetic Energy option is checked the current kinetic energy of the analyzer is displayed in the status bar during acquisition e If the Show Lens Mode option is checked the current lens mode and pass energy is displayed in the status bar during acquisition e If the Show Progress Bar option is checked the progress bar for swept modes is displayed below the sp
57. umn and press the Delete key To insert a new point select an empty cell in the Ek column enter the desired kinetic energy for the point press the Enter key and then edit the element voltage Note When using the Edit Lens Table a lens table must contain at least two points 4 4 4 Saving Lens Table Changes After a lens table has been edited changes should be saved by clicking the Ok button and confirming the changes 4 5 Detector Calibration Dialog 4 5 1 Description The Detector Calibration dialog is used to calibrate the basic energy and angular or spatial scales of the detector It is also used to calibrate an energy correction curve compensating for non linearities in the energy direction of the detector 4 5 2 Access From the Calibration menu select the Detector command Calibration gt Detector SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 28 62 4 5 3 Detector Calibration Detector Calibration Dialogs Calibration Mode Energy Scale me channel Lens Mode Transmission 0 1037 meee Pass Energy AL YT Scale mm channel 0 032000 Multiple Counting Factors 0 04 ADC 1 000 Pulse 1 000 0 03 O 02 Optimize Stop 0 01 Calibration Parameters Energy Cornection Diagram 0 05 ao f Kinetic f Binding 0 01 Kinetic Energy e 40 0000 0 02 Width eV 0 2541 ee Step size me 51 a49 0 04 Swept Time 2 0 033 0 08 0 100 200 300 400 S00 B00 700 s00 900 Fixed Time 3 1009 r Ene
58. utton By clicking the Delete button the selected supply is deleted The calibration curve for a DAC can be viewed by selecting it in the supply list and clicking the Calibrate button e The DAC Calibration frame specifies which DAC calibration file is used A new DAC calibration file can be selected using the Browse button and loaded using the Load button e Settings for all supplies and the calibration parameters for high voltage supplies can be exported and imported using the Import and Export commands from the File menu respectively File gt Export File gt Import e The Ramp Step and Ramp Delay settings are set to allow individual supply voltages to ramp up to the desired voltage with a delay given in ms between each step given in V 7 4 Element Installation Dialog SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 55 62 4 1 Description The Element Installation dialog is used to add and remove element sets add and remove elements in the element sets link supplies to elements and link elements to each other 7 4 2 Access From the Installation menu select the Elements command Installation gt Elements 7 4 3 Element Installation Element Installation Low Pass High Pass Fix Elements Association A Screen Supplies Analyser Element s SCREEN Security Level Add Rename Delete Administrator Pass Elements ae Association A Inner Sphere Supplies Analyser Element SphIL Security Level
59. which detector library to use for data acquisition To change library click the Browse button and to change library settings click the Setup button e The Supply Interface frame specifies which supply library to use to control the HV supplies To change library click the Browse button and to change library settings click the Setup button e The I O Interface frame specifies which I O library to use for external I O communication To change library click the Browse button and to change library settings click the Setup button e The Configure as Spin Detector check box enables the External I O interface to be used specifically for spin detectors Note Shipped with SES come dummy libraries for each interface They are named Detector_Dummy dll Supply_Dummy dll and ExternallO_NIDAQ_ Dummy dll respectively 7 2 4 Configuring the I O Interface as Spin Detector When the Configure as Spin Detector check box has been selected the Setup Detector button is enabled which will let you add and configure multiple spin detectors External Detector Installation Spin Detector Name Spin 1 Input Signals Devz _aill_in Devz _ail_in Devz _aiz_in Deve aidin Deve _aid_in Deve abin Deve abin Deve ain Deve ain Deve alin Deve all in Cancel Figure 70 The External Detector Installation for spin detector setup Each added tab represents one spin detector and each spin detector can be configured with different channels Input Sig
60. y dragging the range markers in the detector window 3 3 Global and Local Detector Settings 3 3 1 Global Detector Settings The detector settings are referred to as global when accessed from e the setup Global Detector command in the Setup menu or e th setup command in the Run menu and then in the Sequence Editor clicking the Setup Detector button Global detector settings are used for all spectrum acquisitions that do not have individual or local detector settings In addition they are also used as a base for all dialogs in which data acquisition occurs Note If the user does not have write permission to the RunVar dat file he will not be able to save changes made to the global detector settings 3 3 2 Local Detector Settings The detector settings are referred to as local when accessed from the Region Editor by checking the Use Region Defined Detector box and then clicking the corresponding Setup button 3 4 Signal Setup Dialog 3 4 1 Description The Setup Detector dialog defines the active window of the detector and how this window is divided into slices for image acquisition 3 4 2 Access From the Setup menu select the Signals command Setup gt Signals SES Software User s Guide v 1 9 14 62 3 4 3 Signal Setup Signal Setup Input Signals Dew ail in Dewl _ ctin Dewl ctr in Deve chr_in Deve ctin Dey ctz in Devz ctra in Output Signals Dey aol out DeyvT_ ctr out Deyv1_ ctrl out Deve c

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