V8486A Power Sensor User's Guide
Contents
1. HP YHP Agilent cl ZW o IT HP 4294A Agilent 4294A Go User s Guide V8486A Power Sensor Serial Number Prefix US3901 RE Agilent Technologies Part Number 08486 90131 Printed in USA Print Date June 2001 Supersedes J anuary 1999 Copyright 1999 2001 Agilent Technologies Inc 1 V8486A Power Sensor General MAO aa ines ea 96a deen sa do baee ES pb dates d pod 3 Ct i eee ee eee ee ROC d XR ROSSO QR IC XR GIU PER RR 3 BIA SM ee ee ee DLL ee ee ek 52501012520 2 ea er eee ee eee ee 3 ACCOSSOK IOS pec bees gp A ttr OS Oe eS ER ESO ESE RO RE RR E 4 SPECIMENE aa vec ra i edd 3 4000 9 3000P 0 320 eb Ea2. Produkte mit dem Namen Nummer HP XXXX lauten nun mehr Agilent XXXX Z B das Modell HP 8648 hei t nun Agilent 8648 Questo manuale potrebbe contenere riferimenti ad HP o Hewlett Packard Si noti che le attivit precedentemente gestite da Hewlett Packard nel campo di Test amp Misura Semiconduttori ed Analisi Chimica sono ora diventate parte di Agilent Technologies AI fine di ridurre il rischio di confusione l unica modifica effettuata sui numeri di prodotto e sui nomi ha riguardato il prefisso con il nome dell azienda dove precedentemente compariva HP XXXX compare ora Agilent XXXX Ad esempio il modello HP8648 ora indicato come Agilent 8648 Este manual puede hacer referencias a HP o Hewlett Packard Las organizaciones de Prueba y Medici n Test and Measurement Semiconductores Semiconductor Products y An lisis Qu mico Chemical Analysis que pertenec an a Hewlett Packard ahora forman parte de Agilent Technologies Para reducir una potencial confusi n el nico cambio en el n mero de producto y nombre es el prefijo de la compa a Si el producto sol a ser HP XXXX ahora pasa a ser Agilent XXXX Por ejemplo el modelo HP8648 es ahora Agilent 8648 AFRENTA AREARE UEERERRE GTC E b 23 ag di i ees En jns Mogae XXXX m ELI uri RUS Bett 58648 NM Es Document Part Number 5971 2668 Printed in the UK September 2004 Agilent Technologies
3. Sensitivity TEMPERATURE C 20 30 40 eo Fs 2 ul oz rip ao The sensitivity of the power sensor is influenced by ambient temperature The sensor should be calibrated at the temperature of operation to obtain the most accurate results Typical temperature sensitivity variations are shown in Figure 1 3 Operating Instructions To operate the Power Sensor refer to the operating instructions in of the power meter operating and service manual If having an open RF connection on your system is a concern terminate the sensor Type N calibration port with a 50Q load Modulation Effects When measuring microwave sources that are modulated at the chopper frequency nominally 220 Hz for the 43X family and 217 Hz for the E4418A B and E4419A B or at the first or second harmonic or submultiples of the chopper frequency beat notes will occur Unless the modulation rate is exactly the chopper frequency they can usually be eliminated by averaging since the amplitudes are centered on the actual power These frequencies may also be avoided by changing the modulation frequency slightly if possible If you are using an 437B E4418A B or E4419A B Power Meter a filter setting of 128 will minimize most beat note interference To minimize beat note interference using a 438A Power Meter select a filter number of at least 7 14 Chapter 1 NOTE V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Linearity Correction For most 8480 series power se
4. of Agilent Technologies sales and service offices is located at the end of this manual Repair and Adjustments Do not attempt to repair or adjust the Power Sensor Due to the extreme static sensitivity of the Power Sensor customer repair is not recommended If your Power Sensor should fail or need calibration return it to Agilent Technologies Do not disassemble the Power Sensor The Power Sensor is extremely static sensitive and can be easily damaged f the Power Sensor shows evidence of attempted customer repair the warranty may be voided Chapier 1 17 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide By internet phone or fax get assistance with all your test and measurement needs Table 1 5 Contacting Agilent Online assistance www agilent com find assist tel 0 800 738 378 fax 464 4 495 8950 tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 481 426 56 7840 United States Latin America Canada Europe tel 1 800 829 4444 tel 305 269 7500 tel 1877 894 tel 481 20 547 fax 305 269 7599 4414 2323 fax 905 fax 431 20 547 282 6495 2390 New Zealand J apan Australia tel 1 800 629 485 fax 461 3 9210 5947 Asia Call Center Numbers Country Phone Number Fax Number Singapore 1 800 375 8100 65 836 0252 Malaysia 1 800 828 848 1 800 801664 Philippines 632 8426802 632 8426809 1 800 16510170 PLDT 1 800 16510288 PLDT Subscriber Only Subscriber Only Thaila
5. Errata This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett Packard Please note that Hewlett Packard s former test and measurement semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies To reduce potential confusion the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix where a product number name was HP XX XX the current name number is now Agilent XXXX For example model number HP8648 is now model number Agilent 8648 Ce manuel peut contenir des r f rences 4 lt lt HP gt gt ou lt lt Hewlett Packard gt gt Veuillez noter que les produits de test et mesure de semi conducteur et d analyse chimique qui avaient fait partie de la soci t Hewlett Packard sont maintenent une partie de la soci t Agilent Technologies Pour reduire la confusion potentielle le seul changement aux noms de reference a t dans le pr fixe de nom de soci t 14 ou un nom de r f rence tait HP XXXX le nouveau nom de r f rence est maintenant Agilent XX XX Par example le HP 8648 s appelle maintenent Agilent 8648 Diese Gebrauchsanweiseung kann Bezug nehmen auf die Namen HP oder Hewlett Packard Bitte beachten Sie dass ehemalige Betriebsbereiche von Hewlett Packard wie HP Halbleiterprodukte HP chemische Analysen oder HP Test und Messwesen nun zu der Firma Agilent Technology geh ren Um Verwirrung zu vermeiden wurde lediglich bei Produktname und Nummer der vo laufende Firmenname ge ndert
6. TOR data during power measurements see Power Measurements in this manual Table 1 2 Calibration Factor Uncertainty at 1 mW 0 dBm Frequency GHz 150 Expanded Uncertainty 9 50 4 8 51 6 1 52 5 9 53 5 9 54 5 9 55 4 6 56 6 1 57 6 1 58 6 2 59 6 2 60 4 7 61 6 2 62 6 1 63 6 64 6 65 4 5 66 6 6 67 6 7 68 6 7 69 6 6 70 4 4 6 Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Frequency GHz 50 Expanded Uncertainty 7 71 6 7 72 6 8 73 7 0 74 7 3 75 5 1 1 Refer toApplication Note 64 1A literature number 5965 6630E Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements for more information regarding ISO expanded uncertainty Chapter 1 CAUTION V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Installation Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping container for damage If the shipping container or packaging material is damaged it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked mechanically and electrically If thereis mechanical damage or if the instrument does not pass the performance tests notify the nearest Agilent Technologies office Keep the damaged shipping materials if any for inspection by the carrier and a Agilent Technologies representative Interconnections The V8486A Power Sensor has two inputs a Type N connector and a waveguide flange During calibration the Type N connector is connected to the calibration port of the power meter During meas
7. atible with the following power meters 435B E1416A 436A E4418A B 437B E4419A B 438A 70100A To obtain optimum accuracy for power measurements above 10 dB m when used with the E4418A and E4419A power meters a firmware upgrade will be required Refer to your E4418A and E 4419A power meter s user s guide for instructions on how to obtain the revision of the firmware currently installed in the unit The firmware revision required is A1 03 00 or above for the E4418A and A2 03 00 or above for the E4419A Contact your local Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office for more information In application the Power Sensor is connected between a microwave source and a compatible power meter The Power Sensor provides a matched load for the microwave source for very low SWR The power meter indicates the power dissipated in the load in uW mW or in dBm Do not disassemble the Power Sensor The Power Sensor is extremely static sensitive and can be easily damaged Accessories Induded is a hex ball driver plus the waveguide mounting screws Refer toFigure 1 1 for a visual check of what should be included with your power sensor 4 Chapter 1 Specifications The specifications listed in Table 1 1 are the performance standards or limits against which the Power Sensor may be tested V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Table 1 1 Specifications Characteristics and Limits Comments Conditions Frequency Range 50 to 75 GHz Pow
8. cations 5 standing wave ratio 5 storage 9 1 temperature operating range 5 tests performance 16 U uncertainty calibration factor 6 V V band interface 11 W warranty 3 19 worst case power linearity 5 Index
9. e N connector plastic bead deteriorates when contacted by any chlorinated or aromatic hydrocarbons such as acetone trichlorethylene carbon tetrachloride benzene etc Clean the connector face with a cotton swab saturated in isopropyl alcohol Chapter 1 11 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Power Meter Calibrations The procedure for calibration may be different for each compatible power meter Follow the calibration directions given in your power meter manual Power Measurements To correct for varying responses at different frequencies a cal factor chart is included on the Power Sensors To usethe cal factor at the frequency of interest adjust the power meter s CAL FACTOR control according to the instructions in the power meter s operating and service manual This will automatically correct the power readings If you are using a 435B or 436A the minimum cal factor setting is 8596 and the maximum is 100 If the cal factor setting for your frequency of interest is below the meter s minimum or above the meter s maximum set the cal factor control to 10096 and divide the reading in watts units by the decimal equivalent of the cal factor For example if the cal factor is 75 divide the reading by 0 75 This will result in a larger value of power than that displayed by the meter If the cal factor is 104 divide the reading by 1 04 This will result ina smaller value of power than that displayed by the meter If reading in dB
10. easuring against instrument specifications to determine a pass or fail condition To measure the SWR across the waveguide band use a directional coupler and detector selected for the band of interest The directional coupler should have a directivity greater than 36 dB such as the V752C D The detector should have greater than 0 4 mV uW sensitivity and should be calibrated with a rotary vane attenuator with an accuracy of 2 Incident power should be less than 20 dBm A convenient source is a frequency multiplier driven by an 8360 B Series swept signal generator To check the calibration factor the Power Sensor should be compared with another recently calibrated power sensor The source should be leveled with a reference coupler that has low SWR and high directivity to monitor or level the incident power For calibration factor and error analysis we suggest Application Note 64 1A literature number 5965 6630E Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements 16 Chapter 1 Table 1 4 CAUTION V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Replaceable Parts The part numbers of the hex ball driver and the hardware are listed in Figure 1 In addition the following protective parts are replaceable Replaceable Parts Part Number Description Usage 1401 0214 protective cap Type N connector 08486 40103 protective cover V band waveguide flange There are no other replaceable parts for this product A listing
11. ection and operation of the V8486A Power Sensor Warranty The Power Sensor is warranted and certified as indicated on the last page of this manual Do not open the Power Sensor Any attempt to disassemble the Power Sensor will void warranty Description The V8486A is a diode based power sensor It measures power levels in a range from 30 dBm to 20 dBm Specifications for the Power Sensor are in Table 1 1 The V8486A measures at frequencies from 50 GHz to 75 GHz The power is determined from the ac voltage developed across the waveguide termination from the microwave source The diodes convert this ac voltage to dc The dc voltage produced is proportional to the square of the ac voltage The dc voltage thus generated is a very low level voltage and requires amplification before it can betransferred via the sensor cable to the power meter The amplification is provided by an input amplifier assembly which consists of a chopper sampling gate and an input amplifier The dc voltage is routed to the chopper circuit which converts the low level dc voltage to an ac voltage The chopper is driven by a square wave generated by the power meter The result is an ac output signal proportional to the dc input The acsignal is then amplified by the input amplifier The relatively high level acsignal output can now be routed by standard cables Chapter 1 3 NOTE CAUTION V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide The V8486A Power Sensor is comp
12. er Range Nominal Impedance Connectors 50 MHz Calibration Port Waveguide Flange Maximum Standing Wave Ratio SWR and Reflection Coefficient Rho V8486A Maximum Power Worst Case Power Linearity Operating Temperature Range Net Weight Dimensions 1 uW to 100 mW 30 dBm to 20 dBm N A Type N Male UG 385 U Flange Modified SWR Rho 1 06 0 029 200 mW average 40 W peak 10 mW to 100 mW 10 dBm to 20 dBm 2 for EPM power meters 1 3 for all other power meters 0 to 559C 0 4kg Width 38 mm Length 199 mm Height 60 mm Waveguide impedance varies with frequency 50Q nominal impedance EIA WR 15 When mated to UG 385 U flange Any port lt 1 deviation except for those power ranges noted 1 Reflection coefficient Rho or p relates to SWR according to the following formula U p SWR 1 p 2 10 micro second pulse 0 596 duty cyde or equivalent such that 200 mW maximum average power and 40W peak power are not exceeded Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Calibration Factor CF The CAL FACTOR compensates for the frequency response of the sensor CAL FACTOR data is provided on a label attached to the sensor cover Uncertainties of the CAL FACTOR data are listed in Table 1 2 1SO expanded uncertainties are calculated based on an NIST traceable transfer standard and an analysis of factory test system uncertainties To use CAL FAC
13. m usethe chart in Table 1 3 to convert the cal factor to dB and add this value to the reading Interpolate for values between those shown As above the cal factor control should be set to 100 If the cal factor is 75 add 1 25 dB to the displayed value On the other hand if the cal factor is 10496 subtract 0 17 dB from the displayed reading 12 Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide NOTE The above procedure has eliminated some mathematical steps the following formula may be of some use Correct dBm Reading dBm 10 x Logj Cal Factor decimal Table 1 3 Cal Factor Boat dB its de PM eB 7096 1 549 8596 0 706 11596 0 607 7196 1 487 10196 0 043 11696 0 645 7296 1 427 10296 0 086 11796 0 682 7396 1 367 10396 0 128 11896 0 719 7496 1 308 10496 0 170 11996 0 755 7596 1 249 10596 0 212 12096 0 792 7696 1 192 10696 0 253 12196 0 828 7196 1 134 10796 0 294 12296 0 864 7896 1 079 10896 0 334 123 0 899 79 1 024 109 0 374 12496 0 934 8096 0 969 11096 0 414 12596 0 969 8196 0 915 11196 0 453 12696 1 004 8296 0 862 11296 0 492 12796 1 038 8396 0 809 11396 0 531 128 1 072 8496 0 757 11496 0 569 12996 1 106 13096 1 139 Chapter 1 13 Figure 1 3 NOTE V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Typical Influence of Temperature on
14. nd 088 226 008 outside 66 1 661 3714 Bangkok 662 661 3999 within Bangkok Hong Kong 800 930 871 852 2506 9233 Taiwan 0800 047 866 886 2 25456723 People s 800 810 0189 preferred 10800 650 0121 Republic of 10800 650 0021 China India 1 600 11 2929 000 800 650 1101 18 Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Warranty This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of shipment During the warranty period Agilent Technologies will at its option either repair or replace products which prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or software or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from im
15. nsors the correct A type or D type linearity correction table is automatically selected However when you use the V8486A power sensor with EPM power meters you must override the automatic selection and select the D type correction This procedure provides optimum accuracy when making power measurements gt 10dBm Subsequent connection of another A type sensor will result in a warning message stating the Linearity Override May be Required To select the linearity type to be applied E4418B Press System I nputs Tables Linearity ATyp DTyp E4419B Press System I nputs Tables A Linearity ATyp DTyp or B Linearity ATyp DTyp For use with the E 4418A and E4419A power meters a firmware upgrade will be required Refer to your E4418A and E4419A power meter s user s guide for instructions on how to obtain the revision of the firmware currently installed in theunit Thefirmware revision required is A 1 03 00 or above for the E4418A and A2 03 00 or above for the E4419A Contact your local Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office for further information Chapter 1 15 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Performance Tests This section does not establish SWR test procedures since there are several test methods and different equipment available for testing the SWR or reflection coefficient Therefore the actual accuracy of the test equipment all source match corrections and all harmonics must be accounted for when m
16. omponent in which theinterface dimensions are not accurately controlled can lead toincreased SWR inaccurate Cal Factor correction and or repeatability 1 10 micro second pulse 0 5 duty cycle or equivalent such that 200 mW maximum average power and 40W peak power are not exceeded 10 Chapter 1 CAUTION Figure 1 2 914 288 Bolt Circle V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide problems In addition connections to a well manufactured but dirty part can lead to any of the above measurement problems Conversely always insuring connections to parts with clean high quality waveguide interfaces will lead to accurate power measurements over the life of the product Connection to a V band waveguide component with a dirty or damaged flange eg loose particulates raised metal burrs or bent alignment pins can damage the precision interface of the power sensor Always inspect and clean the mating part prior to connection Precision V band Interface on Front of Power Sensor 2X Alignment Pins 4X 4 40 UNC 2B 2X 01588 EX Threaded Holes n Eu 1660 2X Alignment Holes 3 810 units in mm Usethe protective packaging provided with the sensor to protect the waveguide connector from dirt and mechanical damage whenever it is not in use Any burn dents or dirt on the flange or waveguide surface will increase the SWR and change the Cal Factor The Typ
17. proper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE Exclusive Remedies THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY Chapter 1 19 Index A adjustments 17 C cal factor 13 calibration factor 6 calibration factor uncertainty 6 calibrations power meter 12 CF 6 connections 8 connectors 5 D dimensions 5 F frequency range 5 interface V band 11 L linearity correction 15 M marker 4 maximum power 5 measurements power 12 modulation effects 14 net weight 5 nominal impedance 5 20 O operating environment 10 precautions 10 temperature range 5 operating environment 10 operating precautions 10 operating temperature range 5 P packaging 9 performance tests 16 power maximum 5 worst case linearity 5 power measurements 12 power meter calibrations 12 power range 5 R repair 17 replaceable parts 17 Rho 5 S specifi
18. rd doe dor 5 Cab on FSELOF TG P aic a dress EORR REC CFR doc DER codon CIC EN 6 Ne ei REIR EEa x a 8 Initial epectiOt iso ein e io HERR ERAT RI RR P RERO PERS RE RE 8 SOAS and SIMONE ouo us xa eee 00 pb d dore RN peewee Xa Eee ud ee ee 9 Operation p22 vase E RREFRERERRORERRRERRTXG RERWISKCUOXINEAuX Sd Ka bse Saeed ERRARE 10 Operating EPFRVIFORITIBTME aa eua dcs dd Rp e EE adobe EE aguas ERA 10 Operating Precautions nas su kc ionni des so 1G hed Heed PEN RERA ea awed IE 10 Power Meter Cal BEStolS serratert paa esed HX d baces qo bb Ere ha RE dora 12 Powa METUS AKO AA X dedos 12 Operatind Inst PUc IO IB 245 aue erbe Xia d jal Ei iio aod Eod acd ada 14 Modulation ETfects ci 90ci gee bse ees ERE RE TR iW eee P EAR iees HER EE Ree E PEE 14 Linea ty CATE is 2c6s cada cese EEA eodd dodcac tienen adage 15 Performance Tests ans ea yee ee ee eke RG Y bee a dees TERRE Adee REE Ra 16 Replace RPS Lucae wai dca Xunta AUS E acaba d aea main acd a dia 17 Repair and Adjustments cisasosssecintes kB ERR dew ES AMEE REGIA AREE RE 17 WU bt EC tt c DRE SE do X EROR e d Pb CDS o E e d 19 1 V8486A Power Sensor V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Figure 1 1 V8486A Power Sensor with Accessories and Hardware V8486 POWER SENSOR FLANGE SCREWS 1390 0671 HEX BALL DRIVER 8710 1539 2 Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide General Information This Operating M anual contains information about initial insp
19. urement the waveguide flange is connected to the device under test Connect the Power Sensor by turning only the nut on the Type N connector Damage can occur if torque is applied to the Power Sensor body The waveguide flanges can be damaged if the flange screws are over tightened Do not fully tighten one flange screw without tightening the one opposite First insert screws and tighten until finger tight If you are using the hex ball driver hold the driver between thumb and forefinger while incrementally tightening screws opposite each other until reaching a maximum torque of 0 42 N x m Usethe protective packaging provided with the power sensor to protect it from dirt and mechanical damage whenever it is not in use Any burrs dents or dirt on the flange or waveguide surface will increase the SWR and change the Cal Factor Refer to the power meter operating and service manual for interconnecting instructions 8 Chapter 1 V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Storage and Shipment Environment The instruments should be stored in a clean dry environment The following limitations apply to both storage and shipment Temperatures oi cewek e ua hen 40 to 75 C Relative Humidity 9596 40 C Altitude uer ebix hed RR GAR a edt 7 600 meters Original Packaging Containers and materials identical to those used in factory packaging are available through Agilent Technologies offices If the instrument is being ret
20. urned to Agilent Technologies for servicing attach a tag indicating the type of service required return address model number and serial number Also mark the container FRAGILE to assure careful handling In any correspondence refer to the instrument by model number and serial number Chapter 1 9 WARNING CAUTION V8486A Power Sensor User s Guide Operation BEFORE CONNECTING THE POWER SENSOR TO OTHER INSTRUMENTS ensure that all instruments are connected to the protective earth ground Any interruption of the protective earth grounding will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in personal injury Operating Environment The operating environment for the Power Sensors should be within the following limits Temperature uus eere a Be hee e RR 0 to 55 C Relative Humidity 00 000 cee eee eee lt 95 Altitude acaso ineme amd Ao RR Ro ehe 4550 meters Operating Precautions If thefollowing energy and power levels are exceeded the power meter system may be damaged Q Maximum Average Power 200 mW Q Maximum Peak Power 40 W The power sensor has a precision machined V band waveguide interface Thesize and position of the aperture the alignment holes and pins and the flatness of the mating faces are all very tightly controlled Refer to Figure 1 2 In order to get the best possible measurement results the mating part must be of similar quality Connection to a V band waveguide c
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