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Comet 3356 User's Manual

1. Voice to Data If the modem is in the Online Voice Command Mode the DTE can attempt a data handshake by setting CLS 0 followed by the A or D command This has the effect of beginning a Data Mode handshake according to the current Data Mode S register and command settings Unsuccessful Data Connection Attempt to Voice A data handshake which does not succeed attempted as the result of the DTE modifying the CLS setting from voice 8 to data 0 does not result in the modem hanging up allowing the DTE the flexibility of commanding a switch back to Voice Mode with CLS 8 9 2 10 Caller ID The modem supports Caller ID by passing the information received in Bell 202 FSK modulation to the DTE after the first RING detect The modem supports both formatted and unformatted reporting of Caller ID information received in ICLID Incoming Call Line ID format as supported in certain areas of the U S and Canada The DTE enables this feature via the CID command Voice AT Command Set Command Options Function amp Description Ref FCLASS n Service Class ID n 0 Select Data Mode n 1 Select Facsimile Class 1 n 2 Select Facsimile Class 2 n 8 Select voice mode 66 Voice Operation V lt command gt 9 Report Active Configuration V lt command gt Report Operating Capabilities A Answering command in voice mode D Dial command in v
2. BUSY NO ANSWER V CONNECT 600 CONNECT 2400 CONNECT 4800 CONNECT 9600 CONNECT 7200 CONNECT 12000 CONNECT 14400 16 CONNECT 19200 17 CONNECT 38400 V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 18 CONNECT 57600 Status Registers amp Result Codes 45 19 CONNECT 115200 20 CONNECT 230400 22 CONNECT 1200RX 75TX 23 CONNECT 75RX 1200TX lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 24 DELAYED 32 BLACKLISTED 33 FAX 35 DATA 40 CARRIER 300 44 CARRIER 1200TX 75RX V 23 45 CARRIER 75TX 1200RX V 23 46 CARRIER 1200 47 CARRIER 2400 48 CARRIER 4800 49 CARRIER 7200 50 CARRIER 9600 5 CARRIER 12000 52 CARRIER 14400 53 CARRIER 16800 54 CARRIER 19200 55 CARRIER 21600 56 CARRIER 24000 57 CARRIER 26400 58 CARRIER 28800 lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 59 CONNECT 16800 61 CONNECT 21600 62 CONNECT 24000 63 CONNECT 26400 64 CONNECT 28800 66 COMP
3. telephone line is selected a physical connection with another station must occur before entering this mode 9 1 2 Voice Receive Mode Voice Receive Mode is entered when the DTE issues the VRX command in order to receive voice data This typically occurs when either recording a greeting message or when recording voice messages from a remote station In Voice Receive Mode voice samples from the modem analog to digital converter ADC are sent either to the ADPCM coder for compression or to the PCM coder for linear PCM coding and can then be read by the host AT commands control the voice sampling rate as well as codec bits per sample rates and can also be used to select adjustment of the silence detection period and sensitivity level when ADPCM compression is selected In this mode and when the sampling rate is 7 2 kHz the modem detects and reports DTMF dial tone and busy tone cadence as enabled by the VTD command additionally the modem detects and reports inactivity periods of silence as enabled by the VSS command The modem can exit the Voice Receive Mode only via a DTE Key Abort or via Disconnect Inactivity timer S30 expiration 9 1 3 Voice Transmit Mode Voice Transmit Mode is entered when the DTE issues the VTX command in order to transmit voice data In this mode when the sampling rate is 7 2 kHz the modem continues to detect and report DTMF and calling tones if enabled by the VTD Voice Operation 55 command Th
4. 12000 selects V 32 bis 12000 bps fixed mode same as N0S37 10 For lt automode gt 1 automode enabled i e automatically selected speed and modulation 36 MS Modulation Commands The modem connects at the highest possible rate in accordance with V 8 bis V 8 or V 32 bis Annex A if V 8 bis V 8 is not supported by the remote modem a If lt max_rate gt is greater than the highest rate supported by the modulation specified by lt mod gt the modem automodes down from the highest rate of the selected modulation For example MS 10 1 1200 24000 selects automoding down from V 32 bis 14400 bps b To emulate issuance of the N1S37 x sequence command specify the modulation and the rate to start automoding down from using lt mod gt and lt max_rate gt respectively Set lt min_rate gt to 300 to allow automoding all the way to V 21 300 bps For example MS 11 1 300 16800 selects automodestarting at V 34 16800 bps no comparable 597 command MS 9 1 300 12000 selects automode starting at V 32 bis 12000 bps same as N1S37 10 3 lt min_rate gt is an optional number specifies the lowest rate at which the modem may establish a connection The value is decimal coded in units of bps e g 2400 specifies the lowest rate to be 2400 bps The default is 300 for 300 bps 4 lt max_rate gt is an optional number specifies the highest rate at which the modem may establish a connection The value is decimal coded in unit
5. 16C550A UART compatible interface in the MCU hardware is required to support Voice Audio Mode operation in the Microsoft Windows environment Table 9 1 DTE Speeds a 9 2 kHz Sample Rate Modem Samples per 8 bit Byte Required Asynchronous DTE Speed 8N1 Format Implied DTE Speed Supported 1 8 bits 58 Voice Operation 72 000 bps 115 2 kbps 2 4 bits 36 000 bps 38 4 kbps 4 2 bits 18 000 bps 19 2 kbps b 11 025 kHz Sample Rate Modem Samples per 8 bit Byte Required Asynchronous DTE Speed 8N1 Format Implied DTE Speed Supported 1 8 bits 110 250 bps 115 2 kbps 9 2 4 Tone and Status Monitoring Shielded lt DLE gt Statuses The modem can detect specific tones and other status information and report these to the DTE while in any of the three voice submodes The modem simultaneously looks for 1300 and 1100 Hz calling tones when answering and for CCITT and Bell answer tones when originating The modem can also detect dial or busy tones in any of the three voice submodes All detected tones as well as certain other statuses addressed in Table 9 2 such as silence and telset off hook i e handset off hook are reported as shielded codes When in Online Voice Command Mode or Voice Transmit Mode the codes in Table 9 2 are sent to the DTE immediately upon verification by the modem of the associated tone status or cadence In this mode the 2 character code is not buffered nor does the Voice Operation 59 DTE have
6. 200 V 34 28 800 2 400 V 32bis 14 400 12 000 7 200 V 32 9 600 4 800 V 22bis 2 400 1 200 V 22 1 200 V 21 300 V 23 1 200 K56flex is upgradable to ITU T 56Kbps In the USA Bell Systems used to create de facto standards such as Bell 212A for 1200 bps modems and Bell 103 for 300 bps modems The Comet supports all the above mentioned modem standards and are compatible with existing modems Universal Protocol Compatibility Universal compatibility covers a broad range of ITU T and BELL standards and provides data compression Various operation modes that can be achieved are as follows Standard BPS rate Baud rate Modulation Carrier Freq 0 01 0 01 Hz K56flex 56 000 32 000 multiple PCM multiple V 34bis 33 600 31 200 2 400 TCM 1 800 V 34 28 800 2 400 multiple multiple multiple 20 Advanced Data Communications Standard BPS rate Baud rate Modulation Carrier Freq 0 01 0 01 Hz K56flex 56 000 32 000 multiple PCM multiple V 34bis 33 600 31 200 2 400 TCM 1 800 V 32bis 14 400 2 400 128 TCM 1 800 V 32bis 12 000 2 400 64 TCM 1 800 V 32bis 7 200 2 400 16 TCM 1 800 V 32 9 600 2 400 32 TCM 1 800 V 32 uncoded 9 600 2 400 16 QAM 1 800 V 32 4 800 2 400 4 DPSK 1 800 V 29 9 600 2 400 16 QAM 1 700 V 29 7 200 2 400 8 QAM 1 700 V 29 4 800 2 400 4 DPSK 1 700 V 27bis 4 80
7. 7200 7200 Hz sampling rate for ADPCM or PCM n 11025 11025 Hz sampling rate for PCM only VSS Silence detection tuner voice receive n 0 Disables silence detection in Voice Receive Mode n 1 Least sensitive setting n 2 Midrange setting n 3 Most sensitive setting VTD DTMF tone reporting VTM Enable timing mark placement n 0 Disabled n 10 1 second interval VTS Generate tone signals VTX Voice transmit mode FPP Select packet protocol VGR Voice Receive gain Voice Operation 69
8. appears in the Connect Using field Then click on the Server Type Tab 8 Installation Server Types Type of Dial Up Server 3 5 Internet Advanced options Log on to network IV Enable software compression m Require encrypted password m Allowed network protocols M NetBEUI M IPX SPX Compatible M ICPAP TCP IP Settings These options are mostly host or server specific If you are using PPP use the default settings shown above If you are logging on to an Internet connection then select TCP IP If you are connecting to aLAN then select Log on to network If you are logging on to a Microsoft Windows network select NetBEUI If you are logging on to a Novell network then select IPX SPX Compatible Once complete click on TCP IP Settings TCP IP Settings 12 x Server assigned IP address Specify an IP address Rzddfess C Server assigned name server addresses Primary DNS 0 0 0 0 Secondary DNS 0 Primary WINS 0 Seconda WINS 0 0 0 0 IV Use IP header compression IV Use default gateway on remote network OK Cancel If your host requires you to specify an IP address Static IP then click on the Specify and IP address option button and enter your IP address If your host Installation 9 assigns an IP when you log in Dynamic IP then leave the Server assigned IP address option button checked Most servers assign an IP
9. available by specifying the lowest and highest rates see lt min_rate gt and lt max_rate gt below 2 lt automode gt is an optional numeric value which enables or disable automatic modulation negotiation using V 8 bis V 8 or V 32 bis Annex A The options are lt automode gt Option Selected Notes 0 Automode disabled 1 Automode enabled using V 8 bis V 8 or V 32 default Annex A The default value is 1 which enablesautomode Note however there are modulations for which there is no automode negotiation e g Bell 212 lt mod gt 69 For lt automode gt 0 automode disabled i e fixed modulation a If lt max_rate gt is within the rates supported by the selected modulation the selected rated is that specified by lt max_rate gt For example MS 10 0 1200 4800 selects V 32 bis 4800 bps fixed rate b If lt max_rate gt is greater than the highest speed supported by the modulation specified by lt mod gt the starting rate is the highest rate supported by the selected modulation For example MS 10 0 2400 14400 selects V 32 bis 14400 12000 9600 7200 or 4800 bps c To emulate issuance of the NOS37 x command sequence to select fixed mode operation specify the lt max_rate gt and lt min_rate gt both to be the same requested speed and lt mod gt to be the modulation for that speed For example MS 11 0 16800 16800 selects V 34 16800 bps fixed mode no comparable S37 command MS 10 0 12000
10. for carrier after dial seconds 1 255 50 58 Pause time for comma seconds 0 255 2 59 Carrier detect response time 1 10 seconds 1 255 6 510 Delay between loss of carrier and hang up 1 10 seconds 1 255 14 s l DTMF Touch tone tone duration 1 1000 seconds 50 255 95 12 Escape guard time 1 50 seconds 0 255 50 518 Test timer seconds 0 255 0 924 Sleep inactivity timer seconds 0 255 0 S25 Delay to DTR 1 second for sync mode 1 0 01 for otherwise 0 255 5 926 RTS to CTS delay interval 0 01 seconds 0 255 1 929 Flash dial modifier time 0 1 seconds 0 255 0 530 Inactivity disconnect timer 10 seconds 0 255 0 532 XON character 0 255 17 533 character 0 255 19 536 LAPM failure control 7 537 Desired line connection speed 0 538 Delay before forced disconnect seconds 0 255 0 S46 Data compression protocol Selection 136 138 138 S48 V 42 negotiation action 0 7 128 7 S86 Call failure reason code S91 PSTN transmit attenuation level dBm 0 15 10 902 Fax transmit attenuation level dBm 0 15 10 S95 Extended result codes S Register Definitions S0 Number of Rings to Auto Answer Sets the number of the rings required before the modem automatically answers a call Setting this register to zero disables auto answer mode S1 Ring Counter S1 is incremented each time the modem detects a ring signal on the telephone line S1 is cleared if no rings occur over an eight s
11. in its facilities equipment operations or procedures that could affect the proper functioning of your equipment If they do you will be notified in advance to give you an opportunity to maintain uninterrupted telephone service If you experience trouble with this telephone equipment please contact the Address and Phone number listed in the warranty card for information on obtaining service or repairs The telephone company may ask that you disconnect this equipment from the network until the problem has been corrected or until you are sure the equipment is not malfunctioning The user is not authorized to repair or modify the equipment This equipment may not be used on coin service provided by the telephone company Connection to party lines is subject to state tariffs You will find also this information on a sticker on the bottom of the modems case The modem is connected to a public switched line using a USOC Universal Service Order Code RJ 11C modular jack Contacting ZyXEL If you have questions about your ZyXEL product or desire assistance contact ZyXEL Communications Corporation in one of the following ways e Phone In North America call between 8 00 AM and 5 00 PM PST at 714 693 0808 iii iv Outside North America you can dial 886 3 5783942 EXT 252 between 8 00AM and 5 00PM Taiwan time GMT 8 00 Fax ZyXEL in North America 714 693 8811 or Taiwan 886 3 5782439 E mail Sales inquiries sales zyx
12. in the data stream for the actually occurring character in an attempt to send fewer than 8 bits for each character The token is generated from a dynamic tabulation of character appearance frequency The total number of available tokens is 256 of which only the first 32 tokens are smaller than 8 bits so random data will gain no advantage from this technique String Coding Instead of sending each data character individually a token for a character string is sent The modem adaptively builds a dictionary of string tokens according to data that appears Comet modems support a dictionary size up to 2K string tokens The input data characters are combined and checked for a matching string in the dictionary The token is sent for the longest matched string Compressibility is high if there are some regularities of character pattern in the data AT amp K4 enables data compression negotiation For some applications like BBSs where transmission of compressed files is common the MNP5 data compression process actually produces more redundant data and slows down transmission 22 Advanced Data Communications Hardware or Software Flow Control Flow control determines how data will be transferred between your computer and modem Your modem supports two flow control methods But regardless of which flow control method you use make sure your communications software is configured to use the same flow control method that your modem is using Otherwise you
13. is MS lt mod gt L lt automode gt lt min_rate gt lt max_rate gt lt x_law gt lt rb_signaling gt lt CR gt Notes 1 For 14400 bps and lower speeds the Nn command and 537 register can alternatively be used in which case the MS subparameters will modified to reflect the Nn and S37 x settings Use of the Nn and S37 x commands is not recommended but is provided for compatibility with existing communication software S37 is not updated by the MS command 2 Subparameters not entered enter a comma only or lt CR gt to skip the last subparameter remain at their current values Reporting Selected Options The modem can send a string of confirmation to the DTE consisting of selected options using the following command MS The response is MS lt mod gt lt automode gt lt min_rate gt lt max_rate gt lt x_law gt lt rb_signaling gt For example MS 56 1 300 56000 0 0 RC56 default values Reporting Supported Options The modem can send a string of information to the DTE consisting of supported options using the following command MS The response is 34 MS Modulation Commands MS list of supported lt mod gt values list of supported lt automode gt values list of supported lt min_rate gt values list of supported lt max_rate gt values list of supported lt x_law gt values list of supported lt rb_signaling gt values For example MS 0 1 2 3 9 1
14. is powered up The AT amp W amp Y command selects the current settings as the power on profile There are two profiles that can be changed by the user The following table lists the syntax for the command involved in storing recalling and viewing the profile settings AT amp V Views the settings in profile AT amp Wn Stores the current settings in user profile n n 0 or 1 ATZn Resets the current settings with the settings in profile n n 0 or 1 AT amp Fn Resets the current settings with the factory settings n 0 or 1 Default Modem Settings for PC s The Comet factory settings are configured for operation with PC type computers and communications software In most cases no additional settings will be required The following are some of the default settings that are used for operation with PC computers and software AT Command Description El Echoes command characters amp Cl Carrier detect follows remote carrier amp D2 Modem disconnects on DTR on to off transition Use both V 42bis and MNP 5 data compression Basic Modem Operation 17 18 Basic Modem Operation 4 Advanced Data Communications This chapter is included as a general reference to the connectors interfaces protocols and standards used by the Comet including definitions of many of the communications related terms used in this manual Front Panel LEDs The Comet has 9 front panel LEDs Refer to
15. modem checks every block received for error s Advanced Data Communications 21 Data Compression The Comet supports both V 42bis and MNP5 data compression protocols Data compression works by representing the original data information in less bits and transmitting the reduced data bits through the data link The receiver recovers the original information by reversing the representing process The process of representing original data in less bits is called redundancy removal Data compression needs an error free data link to work correctly MNP5 is used with MMNP4 error control and V 42bis is used with V 42 error control MNPS data compression utilizes the run length encoding and adaptive frequency encoding techniques V 42bis uses a string coding algorithm The compression efficiency of V 42bis is generally higher than that of In some cases it can be 50 to 100 higher and in other cases it is just slightly higher In general it is about 50 more efficient Run Length Encoding Run length encoding is applied in an attempt to avoid sending long sequences of repeated characters data When three or more repeated characters appear in succession only the first three tokens representing the compressed format of that character and a repetition count will be sent Adaptive Frequency Encoding Adaptive frequency encoding is applied after removing repeated characters data In adaptive frequency encoding a token is substituted
16. n 1 Select Facsimile Class 1 n 2 Select Facsimile Class 2 n 8 Select voice mode F lt command gt Report Active Configuration 9 F lt command gt Report Operating Capabilities FAE n Data Fax Auto Answer n 0 Disable data fax auto answer mode n 1 Enable data fax auto answer mode FRH n Receive Data with HDLC Framing n 3 V 21 channel 2 300 bps n 24 V 27 ter 2400 bps n 48 V 27 ter 4800 bps n 72 V 29 7200 bps n 73 V 17 7200 bps long n 74 V 17 7200 bps short n 96 V 29 9600 bps n 97 V 17 9600 bps long n 98 V 17 9600 bps short n 121 V 17 12000 bps long n 122 V 17 12000 bps short n 145 V 17 14400 bps long n 146 V 17 14400 bps short FRM n Receive data n Same as FRH FRS n Receive silence Report with an OK result code after n 10 ms intervals of silence FTH n Transmit data with HDLC framing n Same as FRH FTM n Transmit data n Same as FRM FTS n Stop transmission and wait Terminate and wait for n 10 ms intervals before responding OK Ref FCLASS n Service Class ID 50 Fax Operation n 0 Select Data Mode n 1 Select Facsimile Class 1 n 2 Select Facsimile Class 2 n 8 Select voice mode F lt command gt Report Active Configuration 9 F lt command gt Report Operating Capabilities FAE n Data Fax Auto Answer n 0 Disable data fax auto answ
17. order to get your Comet up and running with communication software and to start making connections with your Comet Understanding AT Commands The Comet communicates asynchronously with computers using AT commands AT commands are used to configure and control the Comet Commands are usually sent to the modem by way of communication software but can also be entered manually with the computer keyboard Command statements must be written in a specific form in order for the Comet to recognize them A command statement always begins with the letters AT or at It is then followed by one or more commands and the lt Enter gt key AT commands can only be issued when the Comet is in command mode or off line Once the Comet has established a connection with another modem it is said to be on line or in data mode In this mode the characters sent to the Comet by your computer are transmitted to the remote modem rather than being interpreted by the Comet as commands Using the Windows 95 Hyper Terminal Program In order to issue an AT command statement you first need to run a communication program such as the Microsoft Windows Hyper Terminal program This program provides a simple method to manually enter AT commands so you can do such things as customize the settings of your Comet or store phone numbers you will commonly connect to Once the Comet is connected to your computer s serial port and telephone l
18. the ability to stop the code with flow control If the DTE has started but not completed sending any AT command the Tone Monitoring function is disabled until the command has been received and processed The modem can discriminate between single and multiple DTMF tones received If calling tone dial tone busy tone or answer tone is detected this detection is reported repeatedly at reasonable intervals if the DTE takes no action and the tone continues to be detected Table 9 2 Codes Sent to the DTE Code Sent to DTE Meaning lt DLE gt 0 lt DLE gt 9 lt DLE gt lt DLE gt lt DLE gt A D lt DLE gt D DTME Digits 0 through 9 or A through D detected by the modem i e user has pressed a key on a local or remote telephone The modem sends only one lt DLE gt code per DTMF button pushed lt DLE gt a Answer Tone CCITT Send to the DTE when the V 25 T 30 2100 Hz Answer Tone Data or Fax is detected If the DTE fails to react to the code and the modem continues to detect Answer tone the code is repeated as often as once every half second lt DLE gt b Busy Sent in Voice Receive Mode when the busy cadence is detected after any remaining data in the voice receive buffer The modem sends the busy lt DLE gt b code every 4 seconds if busy continues to be detected and the DTE does not react This allows the DTE the flexibility of ignoring what could be a false busy detection lt DLE gt c Calling Tone Se
19. 0 1 600 8 PSK 1 800 V 27bis 2 400 1 200 4 DPSK 1 800 V 26bis 2 400 1 200 4 DPSK 1 800 V 23 1 200 75 1 200 75 FSK V 23 600 75 600 75 FSK V 22bist 2 400 600 16 QAM 1 200 Orig 2 400 Ans V 22t 1 200 600 4 DPSK 1 200 Orig 2 400 Ans V 21 300 300 FSK BELL 103 300 300 FSK G3 FAX Implemented according to T 30 V 17 V 29 and V 27ter Error Control Error control keeps the modem data link error free by detecting and re transmitting erroneous data ZyXEL modems support both MNP and V 42 error control protocols The MNP protocol was an industry de facto standard developed and licensed by Microcom Inc ZyXEL modems support level 4 and 3 error control protocols commonly denoted as MNP4 and MNP3 V 42 is a standard developed by ITU T V 42 supports both LAPM Link Access Procedure for Modem and MNP4 A V 42 handshake will try an LAPM connection first and if not successful it will try MNP4 The error control MNP4 LAPM methods in modem to modem connections are based on techniques utilized by both modems They are explained below CRC Cyclical Redundancy Check Error Detection At the end of every data block a 16 bit number CRC which is calculated through a polynomial function is sent The receiving modem receives the block calculates its own CRC through the same polynomial function then compares the numbers If it matches the received CRC everything is all right If not an error s has occurred somewhere in the block The
20. 0 11 56 64 69 0 1 300 33600 300 56000 0 1 0 1 Subparameter Definitions 1 lt mod gt A decimal number which specifies the preferred modulation automode enabled or modulation automode enabled to use in originating or answering a connection The options are lt mod gt Modulation Possible Rates bps Notes 0 V 21 300 1 V 22 1200 2 V 22 bis 2400 or 1200 3 V 23 1200 See Note 2 9 V 32 9600 or 4800 10 V 32 bis 14400 12000 9600 7200 or 4800 11 V 34 33600 31200 28800 26400 24000 default 21600 19200 16800 14400 12000 9600 7200 4800 or 2400 56 K56flex 56000 54000 52000 50000 48000 46000 44000 42000 40000 38000 36000 34000 32000 64 Bell 103 300 69 Bell 212 1200 Notes 1 See optional lt automode gt lt min_rate gt and lt max_rate gt subparameters 2 For V 23 originating modes transmit at 75 bps and receive at 1200 bps answering modes transmit at 1200 bps and receive at 75 bps The rate is always specified as 1200 bps The modem may also automatically switch to another modulation automode subject to the following constraints a The modem may not be able to automatically switch from the current modulation specified by lt mod gt to some other modulation For example there is no standard way to automode from Bell 103 to V 23 MS Modulation Commands 35 b The DTE may disable automode operation see lt automode gt below c The DTE may constrain the range of modulations
21. Comet 3356 User s Manual ZyXEL ACCESSING THE INTERNET AND INTRANET Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user purchaser that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two 2 years from the date of purchase During the warranty period and upon proof of purchase should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and or materials ZyXEL will at its option repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition Any replacement will consist of a new or remanufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value and will be solely at the option of ZyXEL This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified misused tampered with damaged by an act of God or subjected to abnormal working conditions Note Repair or replacement as provided under this warranty is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties express or implied including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind or character to the purchaser Acknowledgments The trademarks and brand names mentioned in this manual are used for plain informational purposes Tra
22. Comet to flow control the DTE When the modem turns CTS off the buffer inside the modem is full and cannot accept any more data The computer should send data only when CTS is ON e RTS is used by the computer to signal the Comet that the fax message is finished As soon as RTS off is detected the modem starts the post message handshaking to make sure that the remote facsimile has received the fax message successfully Then it hangs up the phone and sends a status report to the DTE If you want to send a multi page fax just add the RTC signal between the fax message of two pages The modem detects the RTC signal automatically handshakes the multi page procedure with the remote facsimile and sends the next page message The following flow control signaling is used while receiving a fax e CTS is not used when receiving fax e RTS is used to inform the Comet that the computer cannot accept data at this moment The modem will not pass received data to the DTE if RTS is turned off When finished receiving the fax message the Comet will turn off CD then send a status report result code to the DTE FAX Class 1 AT Command Set Command Options Function amp Description Ref Fax Operation 49 FAX Class 2 AT Command Set Command Options Function amp Description FCLASS n Service Class ID n 0 Select Data Mode
23. N at all times amp Cl default DCD follows carrier state amp DO DTR is ignored amp D1 DTR drop causes the modem to return to the command state without disconnecting amp D2 default DTR drop causes the modem to hang up inhibit auto answer amp D3 DTR drop causes the modem to perform a soft reset to profile set with amp Y amp Fn Restore factory default profile n n 0 or 1 amp GO default Disable guard tone for US models amp Gl Disable guard tone amp G2 Select 1800Hz guard tone amp KO Disable flow control amp K3 Enable RTS CTS flow control amp K4 Enable XON XOFF flow control amp K5 Enable transparent XON XOFF flow control amp K6 default Enable both RTS CTS and XON XOFF flow control amp PO default 10 pulses sec 39 61 make break ratio amp Pl 10 pulses sec 33 67 make break ratio amp P2 20 pulses sec 39 61 make break ratio amp P3 20 pulses sec 33 67 make break ratio AT Command Set Summaries 29 Command Function Asynchronous mode selection amp Q0 Select direct asynchronous operation amp Q5 default Try to negotiate an error corrected link using S36 amp Q6 Select asynchronous operation in normal mode speed buffering amp SO default DSR is always ON amp S1 DSR is active from answer tone detected to carrier drop amp TO Terminate test in progress amp Tl Initiate a local analog loopback test amp T8 Initiate a local analog
24. RESSION CLASS 5 67 COMPRESSION V 42BIS 69 COMPRESSION NONE 76 PROTOCOL NONE TT PROTOCOL LAPM 78 CARRIER 31200 79 CARRIER 33600 80 PROTOCOL ALT 81 PROTOCOL ALT CELLULAR lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 84 CONNECT 33600 91 CONNECT 31200 150 CARRIER 32000 151 CARRIER 34000 152 CARRIER 36000 153 CARRIER 38000 154 CARRIER 40000 155 CARRIER 42000 156 CARRIER 44000 157 CARRIER 46000 lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt
25. Receive silence FTH n Transmit data with HDLC framing FTM n Transmit data FTS n Stop transmission and wait for n 10ms FCLASS n Set fax service class n 0 data mode default n 1 Fax Class 1 n Fax Class 2 FAA n Adaptive answer FAXERR Fax error value FBOR Phase C data bit order AT Command Set Summaries 31 Command Function FBUF Report buffer size FCFR Report confirmation to receive FCON Fax connection response FCIG Set polled station identification FCIG Report polled station identification FCR Capability to receive FCR Capability to receive FCSI Report called station ID FDCC DCE capabilities parameters FDCS Report current session FDCS Current session results FDIS Report remote capabilities FDIS Current session parameters FDR Begin or continue phase C receive data FDT Data transmission FDTC Report polled station capabilities FET Post page message response FED n Transmit page punctuation FHNG Call termination with status FK Session termination FLID Local ID string FLPL Document for polling FMDL Identify model FMFR Identify manufacturer FPHCTO Phase C time out FPOLL Polling request FPTS Page transfer status FPTS Page transfer status FREV Identify revision FSPL Enable polling FTSI Report transmit station ID BDR Selec
26. Voice submode entered when the CLS 8 command is issued and may also be entered from Voice Receive Mode or Voice Transmit Mode Entry into Online Voice Command Mode is indicated to the DTE via 54 Voice Operation the VCON message after which AT commands can be entered without aborting the telephone line connection If the modem is the answerer it enters Online Voice Command Mode immediately after going off hook and can report instances of DTMF tones and calling tones to the DTE If the modem is the originator it enters Online Voice Command Mode based on detection of the ringback cadence going away upon expiration of the ringback never came timer or upon detection of answer tone and the modem can report DTMF tones answer tones busy tone and dial tone to the DTE Note that DTMF tone reporting is supported in this mode if DTMF reporting is enabled via the VTD command When this mode is entered as a result of going off hook with the D or A command VCON is always sent to the DTE after which the modem accepts commands If this mode is entered from Voice Transmit Mode the DTE has issued the lt DLE gt lt ETX gt and the modem responds with VCON If this mode is entered from the Voice Receive Mode because of a key abort the modem issues the lt DLE gt lt ETX gt followed by VCON If the VLS command has switched in a handset or other device in place of the telephone line Online Voice Command Mode is immediately entered whereas if the
27. a temporary carrier loss without causing the local modem to disconnect S11 DTMF Tone Duration Sets the duration of tones in DTMF dialing This value has no effect on pulse dialing S12 Escape Prompt Delay EPD Defines the maximum period in fiftieths of a second allowed between receipt of the last character of the three escape character sequence from the DTE and sending of the OK result code to the DTE If any characters are detected during this time the OK will not be sent Note that sending of the OK result code does not affect entry into command mode S18 Test Timer Sets the length of time in seconds that the modem conducts a test commanded by amp Tn before returning to the command mode If this register value is zero the test will not automatically terminate the test must be terminated from the command mode by issuing an amp TO or H command When S18 is non zero the modem returns the OK message upon test termination 924 Sleep Inactivity Timer Set the length of time in units of 10 seconds that the modem will operate in normal mode with no detected telephone line or DTE line activity before entering low power sleep mode 925 Delay To DTR Sets the length of time that the modem will ignore DTR for taking the action specified by amp Dn Its unit is one hundredth of a second S26 RTS to CTS Delay Sets the time delay in hundredths of a second before the modem turns CTS ON after detecting an OFF to ON tra
28. aker volume L3 High speaker Volume MO Speaker is always off M1 default Speaker is off while receiving carrier but on during handshaking M2 Speaker is always on M3 Speaker is off during dialing and receiving carrier but on during answering NO Automode detection is disabled N1 default Automode detection is enabled 00 Return to on line data mode without a retrain Ol Return to on line data mode with a retrain P Set pulse dialing as the default QO default Allow the modem to send result codes to the DTE Prohibit the modem from sending result codes to the DTE Sn Read the contents of the S register specified by n Sn v Set S register n to value v T Set DMTF tone dialing as the default 28 AT Command Set Summaries Command Function vo Display result code in digital format V1 default Display result code in verbose format WO default Connect message report only the DTE speed wi Connect message report the line speed the error correction 2 protocol and the DTE speed Connect message report only the DCE speed Xn Select extended result code X X3 X4 default 2 Connect Partial Full F Full Full Message ul 1 Dialtone Off Off O Off On Monitor n Busy Tone Off Off O On On Monitor ff YO default Disable long space disconnect Enable long space disconnect Zn Perform a soft reset and load user profile n n 0 or 1 amp CO DCD remains O
29. ated in the Hyper Terminal program to dial the ZyXEL BBS If you are using a different terminal program run the program according to the instructions provided with it Start the terminal program by double clicking the Test Connection icon When the terminal window appears enter the dial command with ZyXEL s BBS 88635776274 asthe phone number Type ATDT lt Phone number gt lt enter gt The modem will go off hook dial the number and after a few seconds of negotiation tones you should be connected to our BBS You will receive a login message asking for your name For the purposes of this example you need not continue Just click the disconnect icon on the toolbar Quick Tips when issuing AT Commands e The ENTER or RETURN key must be pressed to execute command e Multiple AT commands can be combined into one line For example AT amp D2 and AT amp KO can be combined into one line AT amp D2 amp K0 14 Basic Modem Operation The Comet processes commands from left to right The AT command that appears to the right might over write the command to the left if they are trying to accomplish tasks or set modes that cannot coexist e Ifyou see duplicated characters for each one you type your Comet and software both have their echo feature turned The Comet command echo state is switched off using ATEO and on using default To eliminate the double characters turn off the software s command echo rather tha
30. ations not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Shielded RS 232 cables are required to be used to ensure compliance with FCC Part 15 and it is the responsibility of the user to provide and use shielded RS 232 cables FCC Requirements This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules On the base unit of this equipment is a label that contains among other information the FCC Registration Number and the Ringer Equivalence Number REN for this equipment IF REQUESTED THIS INFORMATION MUST BE GIVEN TO THE TELEPHONE COMPANY The REN is useful to determine the quantity of the devices you may connect to your telephone line and still have all of those devices ring when your telephone number is called In most but not all areas the sum of the RENs of all devices connected to one line should not exceed five 5 0 To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your line as determined by the total RENs you should contact your local telephone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area If your equipment causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may discontinue your service temporarily If possible they will notify you in advance But if advance notice isn t practical you will be notified as soon as possible You will be informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC Your telephone company may make changes
31. blished default S37 Desired Line Connection Speed Sets the value of the line connection speed bit 0 4 Desired line connection speed This is interlinked with the Fn command If an invalid number is entered the number is accepted into the register but 537 will act as if the default value has been entered 0 Attempt auto mode connection default 1 3 Attempt to connect at 300 bps 4 Reserved 5 Attempt to connect at V 22 1200 bps 6 Attempt to connect at V 22bis 2400 bps 7 Attempt to connect at V 23 8 Attempt to connect at V 32 bis V 32 4800 bps 9 Attempt to connect at V 32 bis V 32 9600 bps 10 Attempt to connect at V 32 bis 12000 bps 11 Attempt to connect at V 32 bis 14400 bps 12 Attempt to connect at V 32 bis 7200 bps bit 5 7 Reserved S38 Delay Before Forced Hang Up Status Registers amp Result Codes 43 This register specifies the delay between the modem s receipt of the H command to disconnect or ON to OFF transition of DTR if the modem is programmed to follow the signal and the disconnect operation Applicable to error correction connection only This register can be used to ensure that data in the modem buffer is sent before the modem disconnects 1 If S38 is set to a value between 0 and 254 the modem will wait that number of seconds for the remote modem to acknowledge all data in the modem buffer before disconnecting If time expires before all data is sent the NO CARRIER result code wil
32. box will appear Click Finish You should see a window similar to the one below Modems Properties 2 x General Diagnostics B The following modems are set up on this computer Dialing Preferences Dialing from Default Location Use Dialing Properties to modify how your calls are dialed Dialing Properties Close Cancel 9 Click Close This completes the installation of your Comet modem driver You may now use programs such as Dial Up Networking with your ZyXEL modem Windows 95 Dial up Networking If you have not installed the Dial Up Networking feature in Windows 95 please install it before you continue 6 Installation 1 From the Windows 95 desk top click the Start button then click Programs Accessories and Dial up Networking 2 From the Welcome to Dial Up Networking dialogue box click Next Make New Connection 3 Choose a name for your connection and select your modem type from the drop down window Then click on the Next button Make New Connection 4 Enter the phone number to your ISP or whatever host you are calling Then click the Next button Installation 7 Make New Connection 5 Click on the Finish button A new icon is created in the Dial up Networking folder 6 Right click on the new icon Then select Properties from the menu My Connection United States of America 1 M 7 Make sure your Comet modem
33. ce call the DTE must configure the modem for Voice Mode CLS 8 and select the proper relay setup VLS to instruct the modem whether to use the handset or speaker The modem responds to the VLS command by issuing a relay activate command to select the input device The hardware must provide a means of selecting a handset and or microphone instead of the telephone line as this input device When a device other that the telephone line is selected the modem immediately enters Online Voice Command Mode indicated by VCON DTMF detection is thus enabled as soon as the DTE selects the device such as a handset although the user still needs to physically pick up the telephone before he can issue DTMF tones Once selected however the user can indeed pick up the telephone and press buttons Even if the DTE has not entered Voice Receive or Transmit Modes VTX or VRX these DTMF tones are delivered via shielded codes identically to when a physical telephone connection exists but the DTE has not yet commanded receive nor transmit When the DTE decides to play the message it issues the VTX command and the modem immediately switches to Voice Transmit Mode Since the speaker or handset is already switched in the modem immediately issues the CONNECT message indicating that the modem is in Voice Transmit Mode and is expecting voice data from the DTE A subsequent lt DLE gt lt ETX gt has to be issued to switch back to Online Voice Command Mode Vo
34. ch as the NS16550A type device Serial Port A serial port is the serial data connector together with its internal circuit on the DTE or DCE with electrical and mechanical characteristics according to RS 232C Since some signals travel from the DTE port to DCE port and some signals travel in the opposite Advanced Data Communications 19 direction the signal pin is a transmitter on one port and a receiver on the other The DTE serial port is different from the DCE serial port in terms of signals on the connector pins There are also mechanical differences in terms of male with pins or female with holes connectors Serial RS 232C Cable A serial RS 232C cable is used to connect a DTE port to aDCE port Do not use a null modem cable which may be used to connect two DTEs directly with each other through their serial ports A normal RS 232C connector has 25 pins and a normal RS 232C cable has 25 wires Many signals in the RS 232C are not used in common applications and a 9 wire RS232C cable is sufficient in most applications The PCAT s serial port has only 9 connector pins thus eliminating unnecessary pins For high speed DTE DCE communication use a low capacitance cable as short as possible Communication Protocols and Speeds The most commonly used ITU T modem standards for 2 wire dial up lines are summarized in the chart below Standard Speed bps K56flex 56 000 32 000 V 34bis 33 600 31
35. d Mode indicated by VCON DTMF detection is therefore enabled as soon as the DTE selects the device such as a handset although the user still needs to physically pick up the telephone and press buttons Even if the DTE has not entered Voice Receive or Transmit Modes VTX or VRX these DTMF tones are delivered via shielded codes identically to when a physical telephone connection exists but the DTE has not yet commanded receive or transmit When the DTE decides to record the message it issues the VRX command and upon command receipt the modem immediately switches to Voice Receive Mode Since the microphone or handset is switched in the modem immediately issues the CONNECT message indicating that the modem has switched to Voice Receive Mode and is beginning the transfer of ADPCM voice or PCM audio data as well as shielded DTMF tones and other tones and statuses In this recording state the modem if so configured monitors for line silence If the VSP period expires the modem sends the lt DLE gt q or lt DLE gt s code to the DTE 64 Voice Operation Recording can be canceled only via two events 1 The DTE sends any character to the modem This is the key abort and is the normal method of terminating the receive mode 2 The S30 Disconnect Inactivity timer expires which is generally an undesired event 9 2 7 Voice Playback To effect playback of a message recorded via a handset or microphone or of a message recorded during a voi
36. de the modem automatically resets its timer and sends the code again if the VSP time period again expires This allows the DTE time to react to what may be a false silence detection Table 9 2 Shielded Codes Sent to the DTE Contd Voice Operation 61 Code Sent to DTE Meaning lt DLE gt s Silence Sent in Voice Receive Mode after the silence detection timer VSP expires and if valid voice has not been detected VSS In general lt DLE gt s is sent if no sound was detected at all This differs slightly from Quiet lt DLE gt q in that it can be used by the DTE in its discrimination algorithms as a means of determining if anything at all is coming from the remote station If the DTE ignores the lt DLE gt s code the modem automatically resets its timer and sends the code again if the VSP time period again expires This allows the DTE time to react to what may be a false detection of silence lt DLE gt t Handset Off Hook Sent one time when the local handset transition from on hook to off hook is detected in any of the three voice submodes lt DLE gt u Underrun Sent in Voice Transmit Mode when the voice transmit buffer becomes empty without receiving a lt DLE gt lt ETX gt or lt DLE gt lt CAN gt command first The modem remains in transmit mode but issues the lt DLE gt u to indicate that silence is being generated When the DTE resumes sending bytes the modem allows a small number of bytes to build up in the buffer bef
37. dem at the other end 586 9 The modems could not find a common protocol 586 12 Normal disconnect initiated by the remote modem S86 13 Remote modem does not respond after 10 retransmission of the same message S86 14 Protocol violation S91 PSTN Transmit Attenuation Level 44 Status Registers amp Result Codes Sets the transmit attenuation level from 0 to 15 dBm for the PSTN mode resulting in a transmit level from 0 to 15 dBm S92 Fax Transmit Attenuation Level Sets the transmit attenuation level from 0 to 15 dBm for the fax mode resulting in a transmit level from 0 to 15 dBm S95 Extended Result Codes This register can override some of the W command options Set the appropriate bit to 1 to enable the corresponding result code regardless of the W command setting Set the bit to 0 to disable the result code Bit Description CONNECT indicates DCE speed Append ARQ to the CONNECT result code if the protocol is other than NONE CARRIER result code PROTOCOL result code Reserved COMPRESSION result code Reserved Reserved NOV POD O Result Code Options ATXn Result Code Option Table The following table shows the different options available when setting the ATXn command ATVO X0 OK 3 X4 CONNECT NO CARRIER Vv Vv RING Vv V ERROR V lt lt lt lt lt CONNECT 1200 lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 1 NO DIALTONE
38. demarks and brand names are the property of their respective owners FCC Part 15 Information This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operations This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a CLASS B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help ii Changes or modific
39. diately send Immediately send mode break to remote break to PC 30 AT Command Set Summaries Command Function K3 Immediately Immediately send Immediately send send break to break to remote break to PC remote K4 Enter command Send break to Send break to PC in mode remote in sequence sequence K5 default Send break to Send break to Send break to PC in remote in remote in sequence sequence sequence NO Select normal speed buffering mode N1 Select direct pass through mode N2 Select reliable link mode N3 Select auto reliable mode N4 Select LAPM error correction mode N5 Select NMP error correction mode VO Connect messages are controlled by the command settings X W and S95 V1 Connect messages are displayed in the single line format Download to flash memory at last sensed line speed Download to flash memory at 38 4 kbps Download to flash memory at 57 6 kbps CID 0 Disable caller ID default CID 1 Enable caller ID with formatted presentation CID 2 Enable caller ID with unformatted presentation CID Retrieve the current Caller ID mode CID Return the mode capabilities FCLASS n Set fax service class n 0 data mode default n 1 Fax Class 1 n Fax Class 2 FAE n Fax data auto answer n 0 fax modem only n 1 fax or data auto detection FRH n Receive data with HDLC framing FRM n Receive data FRS n
40. ding data Modems will not send these characters received from the local DTE to the remote modem Advanced Data Communications 23 5 Special Functions This chapter describes the special features of the Comet and offers instructions on how each is used Caller Number Delivery Caller ID Caller Number Delivery CND commonly called Caller ID is a new kind of phone service that may be offered by your local phone company Check your phone company for availability With CND service the phone company s central office will send the coded caller information to the called station This information is sent once between the first and second rings The Comet modem can decode this caller information and present it to the connected computer terminal during the second ring period as part of the call progress ring message There are two kinds of caller information message formats sent by the phone company e One is the single message format which includes date time and caller ID e The other is the multiple message format which also includes the caller name as registered with the phone company Use the Caller ID commands listed below to configure your modem Command Function amp Description CID 0 Disables caller ID default CID 1 Enables caller ID with formatted presentation to the DTE The modem will present the data items in a lt Tag gt lt Value gt pair format The expected pairs are data time caller code telephon
41. ducts The Comet is world renown for its ability to maintain ultra high speeds and clear quality connections while communicating around the globe Unpacking Your Modem Before you proceed check all items you received with your modem against this list to make sure nothing is missing The complete package should include e One 1 Comet 3356 modem e One 1 AC power adapter external model e One 1 RJ 11 modular telephone cable e One 1 Comet 3356 User s Manual e One 1 ZyXEL modem driver diskette with Windows 95 INF file and Comet 3356 User s Manual e One 1 Data Fax software for Windows environments e One 1 warranty registration card e One 1 ZyCD e One 1 standard RS 232 cable Contact your dealer or the store where you bought the modem if anything is missing Check the modem for shipping damages If you find any damage contact the shipping agency immediately Retain shipping and packaging materials for future storage or shipping needs Becoming a Registered Owner Complete the pre addressed Warranty Registration Card and place it in the mail Registered owners will receive future product information and update announcements Warranty registration is not necessary for product repair or replacement please also save your dated invoice as proof of purchase Introduction 1 2 Introduction 2 Installation This chapter covers the steps required to install your modem and install and configure the Windows 95 driv
42. e data to the selected output device s Any data currently in the voice transmit buffer is saved until either a resume lt DLE gt r or cancel lt DLE gt lt CANS gt is received in which case the data is lost If a lt DLE gt lt ETX gt is received during the paused state the modem processes it normally and also automatically resumes transmission of the data left in the buffer appended with lt DLE gt lt ETX gt Any other data received from the DTE while in this paused state is placed in the transmit buffer according to available space with flow control active This command is ignored in other voice submodes lt DLE gt r Resume Sent during Voice Transmit Mode to force the modem to resume sending voice data to the selected output device s Any data currently in the voice transmit buffer is now played This command is ignored in other voice modes The pause and resume commands are different than a simple suspension of data data in the buffer is frozen and not played when the DTE pauses lt DLE gt E Purge DCE Buffer Sent during the transmission or reception of voice audio data by embedding the command in the voice data stream to purge the corresponding DCE buffer See the lt DLE gt lt EOT gt code lt DLE gt u Increment Playback Volume Sent during audio mode to increment the playback volume The lt DLE gt u action command allows the application to increase the playback volume of the headphone and speaker outputs d
43. e Modem icon 3 From the Modem Properties dialogue box click the Add button Install New Modem Windows will now try to detect your modem Before continuing you should 1 If the modem is attached to your computer make sure it is turned on 2 Quit any programs that may be using the modem Click Next when you are ready to continue 4 Select Don t connect my modem I will select it from a list Then click Next 4 Installation Install New Modem Standard 300 bps Modem Standard 1200 bps Modem Standard 2400 bps Modem Standard 9600 bps Modem Standard 14400 bps Modem Standard 19200 bps Modem 5 Click the Have Disk button Install From Disk c 6 Insert the ZyXEL Windows 95 driver disk into your floppy drive and click OK If you have downloaded an updated INF file from ZyXEL s FTP Website or BBS click the Browse button to find the location of the updated INF file then click Open Then click OK i Install New Modem Plug amp Play Modem 7 Select ZyXEL Comet 3356 from the list Then click Next Installation 5 Install New Modem You have selected the following modem L Comet 3356 Select the port to use with this modem Communications Port COM2 Communications Port COM3 Communications Port COM3 Communications Port COM4 Printer Port LPT 1 8 Select the COM port your modem is connected to and click Next A final dialog
44. e number and name CID 2 Enables Caller ID with unformatted presentation to the DTE The Modem will present the entire packet of information excluding the leading U s in ASCII printable hex numbers Caller ID Result Codes n 0 2 OK Otherwise ERROR Caller ID Inquiries CID Retrieves the current Caller ID mode from the modem CID Returns the mode capabilities of the modem in a list with each element separated by commas 24 Special Functions Caller ID Formatted Form Reporting The modem presents the data in the lt tag gt lt value gt pair Spaces are present on both sides of the equal sign Tag Function amp Description DATE DATE MMDD where MM is the month number 01 to 12 and DD is the day number 01 31 TIME TIME HHMM where HH is the hour number 00 to 23 and MM is the minute number 00 to 59 NMBR NMBR lt number gt or P or O where lt number gt is the telephone number of the caller where P indicates that the calling number information is not available since the originating caller has requested private service and where indicates that the calling number information is not available or out of service at the calling location NAME NAME lt listing name gt where lt listing name gt is the subscription name MESG MESG lt data tag gt lt length of message gt lt data gt lt checksum gt in printable ASCII hex numbers This tag indicates a data item n
45. econd interval 40 Status Registers amp Result Codes 92 Escape Character S2 holds the decimal value of the ASCII character used as the escape character The default value corresponds to an ASCII A value over 127 disables the escape process i e no escape character will be recognized S3 Carriage Return Character Sets the command line and result code terminator character Pertains to asynchronous operation only S4 Line Feed Character Sets the character recognized as a line feed Pertains to asynchronous operation only The Line Feed control character is output after the Carriage Return control character if verbose result codes are used S5 Backspace Character Sets the character recognized as a backspace Pertains to asynchronous operation only The modem will not recognize the Backspace character if it is set to a value that is greater than 32 ASCII This character can be used to edit a command line When the echo command is enabled the modem echoes back to the local DTE the Backspace character an ASCII space character and a second Backspace character this means a total of three characters are transmitted each time the modem processes the Backspace character S6 Wait Time for Dial Tone Before Blind Dialing Sets the length of time in seconds that the modem will wait before starting to dial after going off hook when blind dialing This operation however may be affected by some ATX options according to coun
46. el com in North America sales zyxel hinet net outside North America e Technical support support zyxel com in North America support zyxel hinet net outside North America Product information Visit our site on the World Wide Web http www zyxel com FTP Information such as ZyXEL software and ROM updates for North America can be found at this FTP address ftp zyxel com For European versions and related files use the address ftp zyxel co at Postal Service You can send written communications at the following address ZyXEL Communications Corporation 6 Innovation Road II Science Based Industrial Park Hsinchu Taiwan 300 ROC or ZyXEL Communications Inc 4920 E La Palma Avenue Anaheim CA92807 USA Table of Contents Limited Warranty ii FCC Part 15 Information ii FCC Requirements iii Contacting ZyXEL iii 1 Introduction 1 Unpacking Your Modem 1 Becoming a Registered Owner 1 2 Installation 3 Optional Steps for Comet Installation 3 Telephone Jack 4 Microphone 4 Speaker 4 Driver and Software Installation 4 Windows 95 Driver Installation 4 Windows 95 Dial up Networking 6 Setup for DOS Fax Modem Software 10 3 Basic Modem Operation 12 Understanding AT Commands 12 Using the Windows 95 Hyper Terminal Program 12 Dialing and Answering Techniques 13 Dialing using the ATD Command 13 Auto Answer and Hook Controls 14 Making Your First Connection 14 Quick Tips when issuing AT Commands 14 Modem Res
47. em s interface with the computer is the standard serial RS 232 interface this interface is used for both modem and fax operations Fax image coding and decoding must be done in the computer Modem Fax also called fax modem can be either an external stand alone unit or a plug in card External stand alone units can be connected to any computer with a standard RS 232 serial port The Comet supports Group 3 send and receive facsimile functions For normal fax operation you must connect the modem to a computer usually a PC The computer serves as the input output device for the fax function The RS 232 serial connection or the ZyXEL serial port interface connects the Comet to the computer The Comet uses the same interface for both data and fax applications In fax operations the modem performs protocol handshaking and image data transfer The computer handles image data creation capturing conversion compression decompression retrieving and storing ITU T T 30 Fax Protocol The ITU T T 30 fax protocol is known as the G3 fax handshake signals and procedures The modem takes full control of this protocol initiating and terminating fax calls managing the communication session and transporting the image data Therefore the modem relieves the computer fax software of the T 30 protocol handling The Comet allows for fax speeds up to 14400 bps when transmitting to a fax machine which complies with the V 17 fax standard Speeds will fall back t
48. er 1 Turn off your computer 2 Open the rear panel on the back of your modem 3 Connect the power adapter Plug one end of the power adapter to the round POWER JACK on the back of the modem Plug the other end to an AC wall outlet You can leave the power adapter plugged in when you are not using the modem To prevent power surges from damaging your modem and computer it is recommended that you connect the power adapter to a surge protector 4 Connect the serial cable Plug one end of the serial cable into the SERIAL PORT connector on the back of the modem Plug the other end of the serial cable to the back of your computer Your Comet comes with a high speed serial interface capable of reaching DTE speeds of 115 2Kbps Be sure that your PC serial port has a high speed 16550 compatible Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UART 5 Connect the telephone cord Plug one end of the supplied telephone RJ 11 cord into the LINE jack on the back of the modem Plug the other end into a telephone wall jack just as you would a standard telephone 6 Turn the Comet on by raising the blue power switch The PWR LED should come on and the modem performs a self test procedure 7 Turn the computer back on Caution Use only the power adapter supplied with your modem Never use a power adapter designed for a different product Note Many older computers use a slow 16450 UART This UART was not designed for high speed communications and
49. er mode n 1 Enable data fax auto answer mode FAA n Adaptive answer n 0 Constrains the DCE to answer as set by FCLASS n 1 Auto answer as a facsimile or a data modem depending on the call FAXERR Fax error value FBOR Phase B data bit order FBUF Buffer size read only FCFR Indicate confirmation to receive FCON Facsimile connection response FCIG Set the polled station identification FCIG Report the polled station identification FCR Capability to receive FCR Capability to receive FCSI Report the called station ID FDCC DCE capabilities parameters FDCS Report current session FDCS Current session results FDIS Report remote capabilities FDIS Current sessions parameters FDR Begin or continue phase C receive data FDT Data transmission FDTC Report the polled station capabilities FET Post page message response FET N Transmit page punctuation FHNG Call termination with status FK Session termination FLID Local ID string FLPL Document for polling FMDL Identify model FMFR Identify manufacturer Fax Operation 51 FPHCTO Phase C time out FPOLL Indicates polling request FPTS Page transfer status FPTS Page transfer status FREV Identify revision FSPL Enable polling FTSI Report the transmit station ID FBADLIN of consecutive bad line FBADMUL Error rate multiplier FBUG Ses
50. for multiple uses such as one number for both data and fax Special Functions 25 The ring types supported and the corresponding ring cadence detect criteria are Type Ring Sequence 1 2s on 4s off 2 0 8s on 0 4s off 0 8s on 4s off 3 0 4s on 0 2s off 0 4s on 0 2s off 0 8s on 4s off The ring indicate RI output does not toggle on the first ring if AT SDR 0 The RI output waveform is the same for all ring types detected e g RI is on for the total duration of the ring period 26 Special Functions Special Functions 27 6 AT Command Set Summaries Command Function A Go on line in answer mode BO Select ITU T 300bps or ITU T V 22 1200bps protocol B1 default Select Bell 300bps or Bell 212A 1200bps protocol Cl Normal transmit carrier switching D Go on line in originate mode Dial the number contained in the following dial string DL Dial the last dialed number DS n Dial the number stored in NVRAM at location n 0 3 EO Disable command echo E 1 default Enable command echo HO Go on hook hang up Hl Go off hook ready to dial 10 Report the product code Il Report firmware checksum and product information 19 Report firmware revision 14 Report manufacturer information I5 Report the country code 16 Report data pump model and code revision 17 Report the DAA code LO Low speaker volume L1 default Low speaker volume L2 Medium spe
51. he telephone line handset circuit selects telephone emulation mode while in CLS 8 mode Speakerphone operation is entered during Voice On line VCON mode after completing dialing ATD or answering ATA n 6 Selects speakerphone mode while in CLS 8 mode Telephone emulation operation is entered during Voice On line VCON mode after completing dialing ATD or answering ATA valid after Voice On line mode mutes the local handset by switching the handset or speakerphone out of the telephone line path if in VLS 0 or VLS 6 mode n 8 Valid after Voice On line mode Engages the Caller ID relay to allow recording of conversation when using a handset by routing the signal to the audio codec if populated n 9 Routes the handset to the sound codec to allow recording playback of audio through the local handset VRA Ringback goes away timer originate n 0 255 0 2 55 sec default 70 VRN Ringback never came timer originate n 0 255 0 2 55 sec default 100 VRX Voice receive mode VSD Enable silence deletion no function command response only n 0 1 Provide no function other than command respond compatibility VSK n 255 Buffer skid setting 68 Voice Operation VSP Silence detection period voice receive n 0 255 0 2 55 sec default 55 VSR Sampling rate selection n
52. hing to Class 1 or Class 2 answer mode by virtue of the CLS 1 or CLS 2 command and if such a switch is made and fails the modem reports the failure but does not hang up allowing the DTE further experimentation time If the user wishes to switch to Class 1 or Class 2 but also wants the DTE to indeed hang up the line if the fax fails the FCLASS command should be used instead of the CLS command The only difference between these commands is that issuing FCLASS cancels the modem s memory of voice whereas CLS causes the modem to remain off hook even if a fax or data handshake fails until it receives an H command Voice Data Fax Discrimination The DTE can try data modem operation after an answer by changing the CLS setting to 0 A data handshake attempt can be added based upon DTMF responses or lack thereof 9 2 3 Voice Audio Data Transfer A significant area of concern when handling the transfer of voice audio data is the data transfer rate on the modem DTE interface Data transfer rates can be expressed as the number of interrupts which must be serviced per time period to keep up This is a function of the sampling rate and compression method if any used by the modem and the DTE interface speed required to handle the data flow on the telephone line side Tables 9 1a and 9 1b demonstrate the relationship between the sampling rate interrupt rate and DTE speed necessary for the modem to support various compression ratios The built in
53. ine Open the Windows 95 Accessories program group and open the Hyper Terminal Program The program will prompt you for aname and Icon to use for your new connection Type the name Test Connection and press lt Enter gt Next you will be prompted for country information area code and phone number and the device used to make the connection For this test purpose do not enter aphone number simply choose the COM port your Comet is connected to from the Connect Using list Click when finished The next window sets the COM port settings The settings used for The Comet should be as follows Bits per second 115200 12 Basic Modem Operation Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow Control Hardware Click OK when finished After you have done this save your new connection by selecting Save from the File menu and click OK A new connection icon will be added to your Hyper Terminal folder You are now ready to start entering AT commands In the terminal window type AT lt Enter gt Comet responds OK This confirms that the modem and your computer are communicating correctly To test the telephone line connection issue the manual answer command Type ATA lt Enter gt The Comet will pick up the phone line and try to communicate Normally this command is only used to answer an incoming call made from another modem Thus
54. ioned from off hook to on hook while in any of the three voice submodes lt DLE gt o Overrun Sent in Voice Receive Mode if the voice receive data buffer overflows in which case the latest data is lost in favor of retaining the oldest data in the buffer The DTE may not have been reading data from the modem lately The modem inserts the lt DLE gt o at the end of the buffer thus marking the location where data was lost by the DTE The modem does not append lt DLE gt o codes to the buffer contiguously If more than one data byte is lost before the DTE begins reading again there is only on lt DLE gt o code in the data stream However if the DTE resumes reading and then once again allows the buffer to overflow a new lt DLE gt o is appended to the data by the modem Thus the lt DLE gt o does not indicate how many bytes of contiguous data has been lost but may report multiple gaps of lost data in the data stream lt DLE gt q Quiet Sent in Voice Receive Mode following any remaining data in the receive voice buffer when the silence detection timer VSP expires and there has been voice data passed to the DTE Note that with VSS 0 the Quiet message never occurs In general lt DLE gt q is sent if first there was sound and now there is no sound and means that somebody has stopped talking and according to the criteria selected in the VSP and VSS settings is probably not going to start again If the DTE ignores the lt DLE gt q co
55. is mode is typically used when playing back greeting messages or previously received recorded messages In this mode 1 If the Voice Sub configuration is in operation voice decompression is provided by the ADPCM codec and the decompressed ADPCM voice data is then reconstituted into analog voice by the DAC at the original compression quantization sample per bits rate 2 If the Audio Sub configuration is in operation PCM decoding is provided by the linear PCM decoder and the decoded audio data is then reconstituted into analog voice by the DAC at the original 1 sample 8 bits rate 92 VOICE AUDIO CAPABILITIES 9 2 1 Call Establishment Originate Directed Originate Dial as a specific modem type For most call originations it is known ahead of time what type of call is being attempted and it is acceptable to disconnect if the remote side of the connection does not cooperate In this case the modem can be configured ahead of time with the existing FCLASS and FAE 0 or FAA 0 or the CLS command to be a data fax or voice audio modem For Data and Fax Modes the modem subsequently either succeeds with the desired type of connection or eventually hangs up For the Voice Audio Mode the DTE has the option of hanging up if there are indications that the remote station has not answered in voice thus implementing a directed originate for voice The following are the three connection type choices Voice Audio The modem dials and report
56. it buffer The modem immediately purges its buffer and then responds with the VCON message entering Online Voice Command Mode This command is ignored by the modem when not in Voice Transmit Mode lt DLE gt lt EOT gt Voice Bytes Buffered Query Sent during the transmission or reception of voice audio data by embedding the command in the voice data stream to learn the number of corresponding bytes buffered by the DCE at the moment the lt DLE gt lt EOT gt command is received by the DCE lt DLE gt XZBBC n lt DLE gt is returned by the DCE in which n represents the number of bytes buffered as a two byte hexadecimal value lt DLE gt lt ETX gt Terminate Sent during Voice Transmit Mode to indicate that the DTE has finished transmitting a voice message The modem completes transmission of any remaining data in the voice transmit buffer before responding with the VCON message and entering Online Voice Command Mode This command is ignored by the modem when not in Voice Transmit Mode 9 2 6 Voice Record To effect recording of a message received via a handset or microphone the DTE must configure the modem for Voice Mode CLS 8 and select the proper relay setup VLS to instruct the modem whether to use the auxiliary device The modem responds to the VLS command by issuing a relay activate command to select the input device When a device other than the telephone line is selected the modem immediately enters Online Voice Comman
57. l be issued to indicate that data has been lost If all data is transmitted prior to time out the response to the HO command will be OK 2 If S38 is set to 255 the modem does not time out and continues to attempt to deliver data in the buffer until the connection is lost or the data is delivered S46 Protocol Selection This register controls whether the modem tries to use data compression when the modem establishes an error corrected link The default is for the modem to use data compression 138 Value Description 136 Execute error correction protocol with no compression 138 Execute error correction protocol with compression default S48 V 42 Negotiation Action The V 42 negotiation process determines the capabilities of the remote modem However when the capabilities of the remote modem are known and negotiation is unnecessary this process can be bypassed Value Description 0 Disable negotiation bypass the detection and negotiation phases 7 Enable negotiation default 128 Disable negotiation bypass the detection and negotiation phases S86 Call Failure Reason Code When the modem issues aNO CARRIER result code a value is written to this S Register to help determine the reason for the failed connection S86 records the first event that contributes to a NO CARRIER message 586 0 Normal disconnect no error occurred S86 4 Loss of carrier 586 5 V 42 negotiation failed to detect an error correction mo
58. le if a fax machine answers The modem can facilitate this type of adaptive originate by extending what it does for the directed originate modes After determining that the remote station has picked up the line the modem goes back to Online Voice Command Mode thus terminating the connecting state Once in this mode the modem reports what it receives from the answerer via specific result codes to the DTE The DTE can then have the option of pursuing a data fax or voice audio connection 9 2 2 Call Establishment Answer Directed Answer Answer as a specific modem type If the DTE wants to be only one kind of answerer i e voice audio fax or data it can configure the modem to answer exclusively in the chosen mode Voice Audio The modem is configured to answer in Voice Audio Mode only and assumes the caller will cooperate After going off hook the voice VCON is issued no answer tone is generated and the modem is immediately placed in Online Voice Command Mode The DTE typically responds by sending a greeting message of some type and DTMF tone recognition reporting can be enabled Eventually an incoming voice message can be recorded by the host Unpredictable results occur if the caller is not prepared for a voice call Fax The modem is configured to answer in Fax Class 1 or Fax Class 2 Mode only and it assumes the caller is going to cooperate This configuration has the effect of disabling Voice Audio Mode forcing FCLASS to ei
59. loopback with self test amp V Display current configuration and saved profiles amp Wn Store the active profile as NVRAM profile n n 0 or 1 amp Yn Set power up default profile to n 0 or 1 amp Zn x Store dial string x up to 35 digits to NVRAM n 0 to 3 CO Disable data compression C1 Enable 5 data compression negotiation C2 Enable V 42bis data compression C3 default Enable both V 42bis and 5 data compression EO Disable line quality monitor and auto retrain E1 Enable line quality monitor and auto retrain E2 default Enable line quality monitor and fallback fall forward E3 Enable line quality monitor and auto retrain but hang up immediately when EQM reaches hang up threshold KL Report received line signal level PQ Report line signal quality AO 64 characters maximum MNP block size Al default 128 characters maximum MNP block size A2 192 characters maximum MNP block size A3 256 characters maximum MNP block size Bn Send break of length n 100ms n 1 to 9 default 3 GO default Disable modem to modem flow control XON XOFF Gl Enable modem to modem flow control XON XOFF Kn Set break handling Break B command Break received from transmitted from received remote PC KO Enter command Clear buffers and Clear buffers and send mode send break break to PC Clear buffers and Clear buffers and Clear buffers and send send break send break break to PC K2 Enter command Imme
60. lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt 46 Status Registers amp Result Codes 158 CARRIER 48000 V V V V V 159 CARRIER 50000 V V V V V 160 CARRIER 52000 V V V V V 161 CARRIER 54000 V V V V V 162 CARRIER 56000 V V V V V 165 CONNECT 32000 V V V V 166 CONNECT 34000 V V V V 167 CONNECT 36000 V V V V 168 CONNECT 38000 V V V V 169 CONNECT 40000 V V V V 170 CONNECT 42000 V V V V 171 CONNECT 44000 V V V V 172 CONNECT 46000 V V V V 173 CONNECT 48000 V V V V 174 CONNECT 50000 V V V V 175 CONNECT 52000 V V V V 176 CONNECT 54000 V V V V 177 CONNECT 56000 V V V V F4 FCERROR V V V V V Status Registers amp Result Codes 47 Q Fax Operation The Comet can be used as a fax machine and this chapter explains how In the sections below we will describe how the modem works as a fax machine the ITU T T 30 fax protocol and the Class 1 and 2 fax commands The instructions for using the included modem fax voice utility program are included on the software disk Some distributors and dealers also include other software with the Comet For help with such software refer to the documentation that came with it Modem as Fax Machine Modems can also be designed to include a fax transmitting and receiving function similar to a fax card Since the mod
61. lume Adjustment During Record The record volume is adjusted automatically by an automatic gain control AGC circuit Volume Adjustment During Playback The playback volume of the headphone and speaker outputs and handset can be adjusted by the TL command Section 9 3 2 9 2 8 Voice Call Termination Local Disconnect The DTE can disconnect from a telephone call by commanding a mode change to Online Voice Command Mode if not already in it and by issuing the H command Remote Disconnect Detection Voice Operation 65 When in Voice Receive Mode the modem sends the proper shielded lt DLE gt code when dial tone or busy tone is detected The modem stays in Voice Receive Mode however until the DTE issues a key abort to force Online Voice Command Mode The DTE must issue the H command if it wishes to hang up 9 2 9 Mode Switching Voice to Fax If the modem is in Online Voice Command Mode 1 6 it has gone off hook with CLS 8 in effect the DTE can attempt a fax handshake by setting CLS 1 followed by the A or D command corresponding to fax receive or send This has the effect of beginning a fax Class 1 handshake see CLS command Unsuccessful Fax Connection Attempt to Voice A fax handshake which does not succeed attempted as the result of the DTE modifying the CLS setting from voice 8 to fax 1 does not result in the modem hanging up allowing the DTE the flexibility of commanding a switch back to Voice Mode with CLS 8
62. may experience erratic data transfer where portions of received data are lost or you will receive frequent errors during data transfers The flow control option is set by AT amp Kn as follows amp K0 Disables flow control amp K3 Enables CTS RTS flow control amp K4 Enables XON XOFF DTE DCE flow control amp K5 Enables transparent XON XOFF DTE DCE flow control amp K6 Enables CTS RTS and XON XOFF DTE DCE flow control default Hardware CTS RTS This is a bi directional flow control where CTS and RTS are RS232 signals which must be available on your computer When the modem s transmission buffer is almost full the modem will drop CTS to signal the DTE that it cannot accept any more data Turn ON the CTS to notify the DTE that it can keep sending data to the modem On the computer software side when the receiving buffer of the software is almost full it will drop RTS to signal the modem to stop sending data to the DTE Turn ON the RTS and the modem will start sending data again to the DTE In asynchronous full duplex applications the Comet always responds to the RTS signal as a flow control signal The Comet defaults automatically to this hardware flow control setting and it is a better choice Software XON XOFF This is a bi directional flow control XON and XOFF character defaults are decimals 17 and 19 Both the modem and the DTE will treat XOFF as a signal to stop transmitting data and will treat XON as a signal to restart sen
63. n using the ATEO command If you see no characters in your terminal window when you type the modem s echo setting is probably set to off In this case issue the command e When acommand is successfully issued and accepted a modem responds with what is called a Result Code The Comet supports both verbose result codes i e OK and numerical result codes i e 0 You can use the ATV command to set it one way or the other as follows Command Description ATVO Select numerical result code ATV1 Select verbose result code There are a few basic commands that do not require the AT command prefix These are as follows Command A lt any key gt Description Repeats the last issued AT command once Terminates the current connection attempt if pressed while modem is handshaking Escape code sequence Entered while the modem is in Data Mode Returns modem to Command Mode Modem Result Codes When you execute or try to execute an AT command your modem sends a result code to let you know whether the command was executed An OK result code means the AT command you sent was executed If you receive an ERROR code it means the command was invalid The Comet also provides result codes that show e Whether or not a Dial Tone was detected when the modem originated a call e Ifa busy signal was detected when the modem originated a call e The speed pro
64. need assistance refer to the manual that came with the software 2 Select the following communication settings 10 Installation Setting Value Baud rate 115 200bps Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow control Hardware Initialization string AT amp F Port COMn Note When specifying a port assignment the n indicates the computer serial port to which your modem is attached For example if your modem is connected to serial port 2 you would select COM2 Place your communications software in terminal or direct connect mode your communications software manual will explain how Look at the modem s front panel and verify the TR LED is ON If this LED is OFF your communications software is not addressing your modem at the correct COM port Make sure your software is set up for the same COM port to which your modem is connected Type AT and press the Enter key You should see the AT characters you typed followed by an OK result code If you do not see an OK result code turn the modem off and on then repeat this step Type ATDT number and press Enter where number is your modem s telephone number You should see a BUSY result code If you do not see a BUSY result code contact ZyXEL technical support Installation 11 3 Basic Modem Operation This chapter covers the basic commands and techniques involved in modem operation In many cases this is the only information you will need in
65. nsition on RTS when amp RO is commanded S29 Flash Dial Modifier Time Sets the length of time in units of 10ms that the modem will go on hook when it encounters the flash dial modifier in the dial string The time can be limited as it is a country dependent parameter 42 Status Registers amp Result Codes S30 Disconnect Inactivity Timer Sets the length of time in tens of seconds that the modem will stay online before disconnecting when no data is sent or received In error correction mode any data transmitted or received will reset the timer In other modes any data transmitted will reset the timer Set S30 0 to disable the timer 532 XON Character Sets the value of the XON character S33 XOFF Character Sets the value of the XOFF character S36 LAPM Failure Control This register is read when the S48 register contains the value 128 or if an attempted error correction link fails These fallback options are initiated immediately upon connection if S48 128 Bit Value Action bit 0 1 2 000 Modem disconnect 001 Modem stays on line and Direct mode connections established 010 Reserved 011 Modem stays on line and a Normal mode connection is established 100 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails the modem disconnects 101 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails a direct mode connection is established 110 Reserved 111 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails the normal mode connection is esta
66. nt when the T 30 1100 Hz Calling Tone Fax Modem is detected in any of the voice operating modes The modem assumes that the calling tone is valid and sends this code only after 4 seconds of proper cadence has been detected If the DTE does not react to the lt DLE gt c and calling tone continues the code is sent again as often as once every 4 seconds lt DLE gt d Dialtone Sent in Voice Receive Mode when dial tone is detected after any remaining data in the voice receive buffer The modem sends the lt DLE gt d code every 3 seconds if 60 Voice Operation dial tone continues to be detected and the DTE does not react This allows the DTE the flexibility of ignoring what could be a false dial tone detection lt DLE gt e European Data Modem Calling Tone Sent when the V 25 1300 Hz Calling Tone Data Modem is detected in a voice submode The modem assumes that the calling tone is valid and sends this code only after 4 seconds of proper cadence has been detected If the DTE does not react to the lt DLE gt e and calling tone continues the code is sent again as often as once every 4 seconds lt DLE gt f Bell Answer Tone Sent when Bell 2225 Hz Answer Tone Data is detected If the DTE fails to react to the code and the modem continues to detect Answer tone the code is repeated as often as every 1 2 second lt DLE gt h Hung Up Handset Sent immediately when the modem detects that the local handset has hung up i e has transit
67. o 12000 9600 or 7200 bps in poor line conditions When connecting to a G3 fax device the Comet allows for fax speeds up to 9600 bps and will automatically fall back to 7200 4800 and 2400 bps if the line quality is poor Fax Command sets The Comet supports four command sets for fax operation Class 1 command set 48 Fax Operation e TIA PN 2388 Class 2 command set Defining the Fax Command Sets The EIA Class 1 and Class 2 fax commands are a set of AT fax commands defined by Telecommunications Industry Association for controlling fax modems from a computer through the serial RS 232 interface All fax modems and fax software supporting this standard will be compatible with each other Class 1 commands control how the modem does on line negotiation while Class 2 commands allow the modem to do many negotiations at once The Class 1 protocol uses the modem to transmit fax data only The complete organizational overhead for this protocol is handled by the connected computer The Class 1 command set is also called the TIA 578 standard Several revisions of the class 2 standard exist Implementations conforming to different revisions may not work together A formally approved version is the Class 2 0 command set also called the TIA 592 standard Flow Control In extended fax AT command mode the Comet always uses hardware CTS RTS flow control The flow control signaling used sending a fax is e CTS is used by the
68. oice is accomplished with a 7 2 kHz sampling rate and 2 or 4 bits sample quantization and supports efficient compression and decompression of digitized voice Additionally the Voice Configuration supports concurrent tone generation detection capabilities b Audio Sub Configuration Available Only for Modem Models Supporting Business Audio Linear PCM coding and decoding of analog audio is accomplished with 7 2 kHz or 11 025 kHz sampling rates and 8 bits sample quantization and supports superior sound quality as compared to ADPCM With a sampling rate of 7 2 kHz the Audio Sub configuration supports concurrent tone generation detection capabilities With a sampling rate of 7 2 kHz or 11 025 kHz this sub configuration can be used to record and playback monophonic data in 8 bit unsigned linear PCM format Note The term voice is used to refer to both voice and audio functions except where otherwise noted The Voice Audio Mode i e either sub configuration supports three submodes once a voice connection has been established refer to the descriptions of the CLS command Online Voice Command Mode Voice Receive Mode and Voice Transmit Mode Determination of whether operation takes place in the Voice sub configuration or the Audio sub configuration is made by use of the VBS and VSR commands refer to the descriptions of these commands 9 1 VOICE AUDIO SUBMODES 9 1 1 Online Voice Command Mode Online Voice Command Mode is the default
69. oice mode H Hang up in voice mode Z Reset from voice mode BDR Select baud rate turn off autobaud CLS Select data fax or voice n 0 Data n 1 Class1 Fax n 2 Class 2 Fax n 8 Voice mode MDL Identify model MER Identify manufacturer REV Identify revision level SPK mu sp Speakerphone setting mic mu sp mic TL Audio output transmit level n 0000 7FFF VBQ Query buffer size VBS Bits per sample n 2 Select 2 bits per ADPCM valid for VSR 7200 n 4 Select 4 bits per ADPCM valid for n 8 VSR 7200 Select 8 bits per ADPCM valid for VSR 7200 VBT Beep tone timer Disable the tone generation capability Set tone duration time VCI Identify compression method VGT Set playback volume in the command state N 128 228 Default 153 VLS Voice line select n 0 The telephone line interface should be routed through the modem The OK response is sent to the DTE and any previous connection is lost Voice Operation 67 Route only the handset through the modem Can be chosen before recording a greeting message n 2 route only the speaker through the modem Can be chosen before playing back any message n 3 only the auxiliary input device microphone should be routed through the modem Can be chosen before recording a greeting message n the same as VLS 0 except that the modem enables the internal speaker as well as t
70. ore re enabling the transmitter to avoid repeated underruns However with the underrun condition the modem does not wait for the XOFF threshold or timer to be met before resuming as it does on an initial transmit or resume operation because the remote listener may be unaware of the underrun and keeping the silence short may serve to mask the underrun altogether lt DLE gt T Timing Mark Sent in Voice Receive Mode and placed in the data stream at 1 second intervals when enabled by VTM 10 lt DLE gt lt ETX gt End of Stream lt DLE gt lt ETX gt is sent to denote the end of a voice data stream similar to fax Class 1 and 2 This occurs in Voice Receive Mode only after the DTE issues the key abort 9 2 5 Shielded lt DLE gt Commands from the DTE Most commands issued for voice are implemented as extensions to the AT command set and are accepted only if the modem is in a valid command mode such as Online Voice Command Mode However there are some operations which are available to the DTE without necessitating a switch to Online Voice Command Mode The most obvious of these is the lt DLE gt lt ETX gt which the DTE issues during Voice Transmit Mode to terminate an output message Table 9 3 lists shielded lt DLE gt commands recognized by the modem 62 Voice Operation Table 9 3 Shielded DTE Codes Code Sent to Modem Meaning lt DLE gt p Pause Sent during Voice Transmit Mode to force the modem to suspend sending voic
71. ot listed above The message is only possible for Multiple Message Format The modem does not present any Caller ID information if the DCE detects a checksum error in the Caller ID packet In the event of an unrecognized data tag the modem will present the data in ASCII hex numbers following the MESG tag Setting AT CID 2 will cause the modem to report CND information in its ASCII coded hexadecimal raw data format The DTE software is responsible for explaining the data Distinctive Ring Distinctive Ring is a phone service that may be offered by your phone company Check your phone company for availability With this service you can have several phone numbers assigned to the same phone line The phone company will send a different type of ring signal for each phone number being called The subscriber can distinguish which number is called by which type of ring is received A simple use of this feature is that you can have three numbers on the same line and you can list the three numbers for voice data and fax respectively You can then have your fax machine answer only the ring corresponding to the fax number and have your modem answer only the ring corresponding to the data number The voice call will not be answered by either fax machine or data modem and it will only be answered when someone picks up the phone Or you can have the answering machine answer only the voice ring A more complicated use is that you can have one number
72. ou use your modem to call a variety of different locations that require different settings For this reason the Comet provides a number of user Profiles that can be accessed through simple AT commands This section covers the topics of storing phone numbers and saving default settings in the power on profile Storing Phone Numbers The AT command to store a phone number is in the format AT amp Zs n The s is a number from 0 to 3 that represents the location in memory that the phone number is to be stored and the n is the phone number itself Example To store the number 1 714 555 1212 in memory location 2 type AT amp Z2 17145551212 lt Enter gt You can store up to 4 telephone numbers Dialing Stored Phone Numbers The AT command syntax used to dial a store number is ATDS n 16 Basic Modem Operation The n is the memory location of the stored number you want to dial Note As a general rule when a letter in an AT command definition is shown in italic type the letter is not to be entered as part of the command but rather is representative of a number or string expected as input For example The letter S in the ATDS 7 command is actually typed unlike the s in the AT amp Zs command which represents a number Saving Settings and User Profiles There are some cases where you may wish to save the settings you have made as the default settings that are recalled when the Comet
73. s call progress to the DTE which reduces to reporting NO DIALTONE BUSY or NO ANSWER The modem allows the DTE to program a time period which if elapsed after any ringback is detected forces the modem to assume the remote has gone off hook A secondary time period safety valve can define a maximum elapsed time after dialing for receiving no ringback before the modem assumes that the remote has gone off hook This safety valve is devised in case the remote picks up the telephone before any ringback is generated and no other tones are detected In this mode the modem is attempting to make a voice connection only and therefore while waiting for ringback to disappear it is also feasible to disconnect upon detection something which is definitely not voice from the remote such as any answer tone The modem provides detection of ringback went away or never came Fax The modem dials and reports call progress to the DTE as in all modes A Fax Class 1 or Fax Class 2 handshake is pursued according to the current configuration 56 Voice Operation Data The modem dials and reports call progress to the DTE as in all modes A data handshake is pursued according to the current configuration Adaptive Originate Dial with Voice Data Fax Discrimination The DTE may wish to originate a call which adapts to the remote answerer For instance the user may wish to send a voice message if a human picks up the telephone but a facsimi
74. s of bps e g 14400 specifies the highest rate to be 14400 bps The default is 28800 for 28800 bps 5 lt x_law gt is an optional number which specifies the codec type The options are O u Law 1 A Law Note that ATZ will reset the lt x_law gt selection to 0 u Law 6 lt rb_signaling gt is an optional number which enables or disables robbed bit signaling generation in a server modem or enables or disables robbed bit signaling detection in a client modem The options are 0 Robbed bit signaling generation server modem or detection client modem disabled default MS Modulation Commands 37 1 Robbed bit signaling generation server modem or detection client modem enabled Note that ATZ will reset the lt rb_signaling gt selection to 0 default Result Codes Valid subparameter string ERROR Otherwise 38 MS Modulation Commands MS Modulation Commands 39 8 Status Registers amp Result Codes S Registers ATSn x Command Function amp Description Range default so Number of rings before Auto Answer 0 value disables auto 0 255 0 answer S1 Ring counter 0 255 0 S2 ASCII value of Escape character 0 255 43 53 ASCII value of Carriage Return character 0 127 13 S4 ASCII value of Line Feed character 0 127 10 S5 ASCII value of Backspace character 0 32 8 56 Waiting time before blind dialing seconds 2 255 2 S7 Wait
75. sion message reporting FCQ Copy quality capability FCTCRTY CTC retry value FDFFC Data compression format conversion FECM Error correction mode FLNFC Page length format conversion FLO Flow Control FMINSP Minimum phase C speed FRBC Phase C data byte count FREL Phase C EOL alignment FTBC Phase C xmit byte count FVRFC Vertical resolution format conversion FWDFC Page width format conversion 52 Fax Operation Fax Operation 53 10 voice Operation Voice mode refers to the Comet s ability to digitize incoming voice messages which the computer stores and forwards It also means the modem can playback the recorded digitized voice either off line for local message listening or on line for a message announcement For interactive voice applications DTMF tone detection capability is important so a computer can react according to the remote caller s touch tone input The modem is configured into Voice Mode modem models not supporting business audio or Voice Audio Mode modem models supporting business audio in response to the AT CLS 8 command and this mode is composed of the Voice and Audio sub configurations as described in this section Additional voice audio AT commands are available to support selection of operational parameters from both inside and outside the Voice Audio Mode a Voice Sub Configuration Enhanced Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation ADPCM coding and decoding of analog v
76. t baud rate turn off autobaud CLS Select data fax or voice MDL Identify model MFR Identify manufacturer REV Identify revision level TL Audio output transmit level VBQ Query buffer size VBS Bits per sample VBT Beep tone timer VCI Identify compression method 32 AT Command Set Summaries Command Function VGT Set playback volume in command state VLS Voice line select VRA Ringback goes away timer originate VRN Ringback never came back timer originate VRX Voice receive mode VSD Enable silence deletion VSK Buffer skid setting VSP Silence detection period voice receive VSR Sampling rate selection VSS Silence deletion tuner voice receive VTD DTMF tone reporting VTM Enable timing mark placement VTS Generate tone signals VTX Voice transmit mode Fax commands are located in Chapter 9 of the floppy disk edition of the Comet 3356 User s Manual Voice commands are located in Chapter 10 of the floppy disk edition of the Comet 3356 User s Manual AT Command Set Summaries 33 T MS Modulation Commands This extended format command selects the modulation and optionally enables or disables automode specifies the lowest and highest connection rates selects u Low or A Low codec type and enables or disables robbed bit signaling generation server modem or detection client modem using one to five subparameters The command format
77. the high pitched noise you will hear from the speaker To abort the operation press any key or select Disconnect from the Call menu Dialing and Answering Techniques Depending on what communications software you use to make modem connections you may not have as much control of how the modem dials the telephone number This section shows some useful examples of the AT commands used for dialing and answering operations The command characters specific to each function are shown in bold type Dialing using the ATD Command Touch Tone Dialing Pulse Dialing Tone and Pulse Dialing Pausing During Dialing Dialing Without Waiting for Dial Tone Originating a call using an Answer Tone ATDT 555 1212 ATDP 555 1212 ATDP 555 1212 WT 24 ATDT 9 555 1212 ATXOD 555 1212 ATDT 555 1212 Basic Modem Operation 13 Redialing the Last Number Called ATDL Waiting for Five Seconds of Silence ATDT 800 555 1212 123456 1 714 555 1212 Transferring a Call using flash hook ATDT 2468 Auto Answer and Hook Controls Enabling Auto Answer ATS0 n Note In this example n is a number from 1 to 255 that corresponds to the number of rings after which your modem answers an incoming call Disabling Auto Answer ATS0 0 Manually Answering a Call ATA Take modem off hook ATH1 Hang up modem on hook ATHO Manually Disconnecting a Call ATH Making Your First Connection For this example we will use the connection you cre
78. the following tables for details on the LED status indicators and their meanings LED State Indicates Status MR Modem Ready Modem is ready for data communications or Self Test in progress HS High Speed Modem is operating at 2400bps or higher CD Carrier Detect Modem has detected a valid carrier signal or amp CO is set OH Off Hook Modem is accessing telephone line SD Send Data Flashes on off rapidly when data is being transmitted from modem to your computer RD Receive Data Flashes on off rapidly when data is being transmitted from computer to your modem TR Terminal Computer is ready for data communications Ready AA Auto Answer Modem will automatically answer incoming calls PWR Power The modem is on and has power to operate DTE Interface DTE and DCE are terms used in data communication DTE stands for Data Terminal Equipment and DCE stands for Data Communication Equipment The computer or terminal is the DTE and the modem is the DCE The DTE interface used by the Comet is an RS 232 with throughput speeds up to 115 2 Kbps UART A UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter is the device used in a DTE or DCE for asynchronous data reception and transmission The standard UART device used in PCs is of the NS16450 type For high speed serial data transfers 38400 bps and up the PC may not serve the UART fast enough and data may be lost In this case a UART with data buffer is needed su
79. ther 1 or 2 and forcing both FAA and FAE to 0 Data The modem is configured to answer in Data Mode only and assumes the caller is going to cooperate This configuration has the effect of disabling Voice Audio Mode forcing FCLASS 0 and forcing both FAA and FAE to 0 Adaptive Answer Answer with Voice Data Fax Discrimination In normal operation it is desirable for a modem supporting fax and voice to provide the ability to discriminate between the two when answering unsolicited or unattended calls It is most often the case that a fax is received or a voice message recorded when nobody is present Voice Operation 57 Data Fax Discrimination If the DTE wishes to allow for a data or fax call the FCLASS and FAA or FAE commands can be configured for adaptive answer between data and Class 1 or Class 2 fax Voice Fax Discrimination This is the most important discrimination capability needed from the user s standpoint The modem must be configured for Voice Audio CLS 8 causing the modem to enter Online Voice Command Mode immediately upon going off hook In Voice Audio Mode the DTE automatically receives indications of DTMF tones and Calling Tones The DTE can now switch to Voice Transmit Mode in order to play a greeting message perhaps one which instructs the caller how to enter specific DTMF sequences to switch modes The DTE can then react to the response or the lack thereof to such a message The modem supports switc
80. to you when you log in 8 Click the Specify name server addresses option button and enter your primary and secondary DNS Domain Name Server IP In most cases you should leave Use IP header compression and Use default remote gateway checked When all of the selections have been made click the OK buttons on all three opened dialog boxes This completes the remote connection definition Locate the new connection icon in your Dial up Networking folder and double click on it z Connect To i 1x Mm ao My Connection User name sername Password Save password Phone number 002 1 417 5551234 De Kon Defaut Location Dial Properties If the User name and Password are incorrect or missing type them in Click on the Connect button and your Comet will dial the number and establish a connection to your Internet Service Provider Note The default protocol for Dial up Networking is Point to Point Protocol PPP If your ISP requires you to use Serial Line Interface Protocol SLIP you may need to create a special logon script file Because the procedures for logging on with SLIP accounts vary greatly from ISP to ISP you should consult the technical support department of your service provider for this information Setup for DOS Fax Modem Software After installing the Comet use the following procedures to verify your modem connections 1 Install and load your communications software If you
81. tocol and error control data compression method used e If your modem has detected an incoming ring Basic Modem Operation 15 Result codes can originate from any of eight result code sets The ATXn command lets you choose which set of result codes your modem uses By default your modem uses result codes equivalent to the ATX4 command Viewing S Register Values Status registers or S registers contain values that determine the modem s operating characteristics Whenever you send an AT command to your modem you are actually changing the value of an S register You can use the Sr command to view the value of S register r For example to view the value of S register SO which controls auto answering type ATSO and press Enter The modem responds with a three digit character showing the value of this register followed by OK A value of 002 for example means your modem will auto answer incoming calls after the second ring Changing S Register Values You can use the ATSO n command to change the value of an S register For example to have your modem auto answer an incoming call after two rings set S register 0 to 2 Be sure the n value is between 1 and 255 If n is set to 0 your modem will not answer incoming calls Non Volatile Memory The Comet has non volatile memory set aside for storing user information such as frequently used phone numbers and default command settings This latter is particularly useful when y
82. try restrictions The wait for Dial Tone call progress feature W dial modifier in the dial string will override the value in register S6 The modem always pauses for a minimum of 2 seconds even if the value of S6 is less than 2 seconds S7 Wait Time For Carrier After Dial For Silence or For Dial Tone After W Dial Modifier US Models 1 Sets the length of time in seconds that the modem will wait for carrier before hanging up The timer is started when the modem finishes dialing originate or 2 seconds after going off hook answer In originate mode the timer is reset upon detection of answer tone if allowed by country restrictions 2 Sets the length of time in seconds that modem will wait for silence when encountering the dial modifier before continuing with the next dial string parameter S8 Pause Time For Dial Delay Sets the time in seconds that the modem must pause when the dial modifier is encountered in the dial string Status Registers amp Result Codes 41 S9 Carrier Detect Response Time Sets the time in tenths of a second that the carrier must be present before the modem considers it valid and turns on RLSD As this time is increased there is less chance to detect a false carrier due to noise from the telephone line S10 Lost Carrier To Hang Up Delay Sets the length of time in tenths of a second that the modem waits before hanging up after a loss of carrier This allows for
83. ult Codes 15 Viewing S Register Values 16 Changing S Register Values 16 Non Volatile Memory 16 Storing Phone Numbers 16 Dialing Stored Phone Numbers 16 Saving Settings and User Profiles 17 Default Modem Settings for PC s 17 4 Advanced Data Communications 19 Front Panel LEDs 19 DTE Interface 19 UART 19 Serial Port 19 Serial RS 232C Cable 20 Communication Protocols and Speeds 20 Universal Protocol Compatibility 20 Error Control 21 CRC Cyclical Redundancy Check Error Detection 21 Data Compression 22 Run Length Encoding 22 Adaptive Frequency Encoding 22 String Coding 22 Hardware or Software Flow Control 23 Hardware CTS RTS 23 Software XON XOFF 23 5 Special Functions 24 Caller Number Delivery Caller ID 24 Caller ID Result Codes 24 Caller ID Inquiries 24 Caller ID Formatted Form Reporting 25 Distinctive Ring 25 6 AT Command Set Summaries 28 7 MS Modulation Commands 34 vi 8 Status Registers amp Result Codes 40 S Registers ATSn x 40 S Register Definitions 40 Result Code Options 45 ATXn Result Code Option Table 45 9 Fax Operation 48 Modem as Fax Machine 48 ITU T T 30 Fax Protocol 48 Fax Command sets 48 Defining the Fax Command Sets 49 Flow Control 49 FAX Class 1 AT Command Set 49 FAX Class 2 AT Command Set 50 10 Voice Operation 54 Voice AT Command Set 66 Vii 1 Introduction Congratulations on the purchase of your Comet 3356 modem one of ZyXEL s premier high performance pro
84. uring playback while in the data state Each lt DLE gt u will increment the transmit level by 1 unit Adjustment by a value greater than 1 may be achieved by transmitting a string of lt DLE gt u codes For example a string consisting of lt DLE gt u lt DLE gt u lt DLE gt u lt DLE gt u lt DLE gt u increases the playback volume by a value of 5 units The lt DLE gt u code can be used to adjust the volume within the range of 128 228 See lt DLE gt lt u gt and lt DLE gt lt d gt in Section 9 3 2 lt DLE gt d Decrement Playback Volume Sent during audio mode to decrement the playback volume The lt DLE gt d action command allows the application to decrease the playback volume of the headphone and speaker outputs during playback while in the data state Each lt DLE gt d will decrement the transmit level by 1 unit Adjustment by a value greater than may be achieved by transmitting a string of lt DLE gt d codes For example a string consisting of lt DLE gt d lt DLE gt d lt DLE gt d lt DLE gt d lt DLE gt d decreases the playback Voice Operation 63 volume by a value of 5 units The lt DLE gt d code can be used to adjust the volume within the range of 128 228 See lt DLE gt lt u gt and lt DLE gt lt d gt in Section 9 3 2 lt DLE gt lt CAN gt Cancel Sent during Voice Transmit Mode to indicate that the DTE has finished transmitting a voice message and wants the modem to discard any remaining data in the voice transm
85. will significantly impede the performance of the Comet To check whether your computer has a 16550 compatible UART use a utility such as Microsoft Diagnostics MSD to verify the type of UART installed in your computer If your computer has a 16450 UART either replace it with a 16550 UART or add a serial card with a 16550 UART to your system Optional Steps for Comet Installation The Comet is equipped with a telephone jack and speaker and microphone jacks on the back panel The following sections briefly describe how to take advantage of these features Installation 3 Telephone Jack Connect a telephone to the PHONE jack on the back panel of the modem to manually dial and answer calls when the modem is not exchanging data Microphone To connect an external microphone connect it to the modem s MIC jack on the back of the modem Speaker To connect an external speaker connect it to the modem s SPK jack found on the back of the modem To connect two speakers obtain a dual plug adapter that allows the modem speaker jack to drive both speakers This adapter can be found at most electronics stores Driver and Software Installation This section contains step by step procedures for installing the Windows 95 and NT drivers and configuring Dial up Networking for the Comet Windows 95 Driver Installation 1 From the Windows 95 desk top click the Start button then choose Settings then click Control Panel 2 Double click on th

Comet 3356 User's Manual

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