TT31 Mode S Transponder Installation Manual
Contents
1. The TT31 provides two styles of mutual suppression interface on the 24 way connector The Suppress input on contact 9 is typically used in aircraft with simple DME systems and no other suppression requirements It is an input only and is active whenever the input is greater than approximately 5 Volts The Suppress I O on contact 4 is an ARINC compatible suppression bus interface which acts as both an input and an output The TT31 will assert this signal when it is transmitting and can be suppressed by other equipment that asserts the signal The TT31 will drive approximately 24 Volts on the output independently of supply voltage and will treat the input as active whenever the bus has greater than 10 Volts 5 5 4 Altitude Inputs and Output The TT31 can use either a parallel Gray code altitude input or serial RS232 altitude input Both of these interfaces are on the 24 way connector If the altitude encoder you are using offers both we recommend using the RS232 serial input Serial formats allow a higher resolution altitude representation that can be used by Mode S interrogations whereas parallel Gray code format can only represent altitude to the nearest 100 feet You must choose between serial or parallel formats you should NOT connect both If a parallel encoder is connected the TT31 will always use that as the altitude source even if a serial encoder is also connected The parallel encoder inputs are active when the voltage to groun2. 5 1 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT sscscccccceceesssneceeeee 52o MOUNTING synene da cono asias dean amp AE evden E tocas 5 3 COOLING REQUIREMENTS ccccccccecsessssececececsesesseaeseeceeceessaseeeees 5 4 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS ooccoocccnnonononinncnninnoncnanannoranonenininnencninos 5 4 1 Primary Interface Pinout 5 4 2 Secondary Interface Pinout 5 4 3 Orientation DIAgrOM oooonccincnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnncnnn cono cono cn nc cn nooo 5 5 INTERFACE DETAILS 3 scsscesssecesccksodesesees cuncevcevesedpongunssheetesegentevesets 5 5 1 Power Input ici iaa avec 3 9 2 Lighting Bus Mputa naaa aien E EA iae 5 5 3 Mutual Suppression oconicnicnnncnnoncnnnnnnnnannnan cnn cono cone cn nc cnn cons 5 5 4 Altitude Inputs and Output oononncnncnnnnonancnnnnanacona cono cncrnncnn 5 5 5 Ident Switch Input 5 5 6 Squat Switch INpUt onoonininnnnnnnocnnnnnnnnconacono cano rn corn ncnnncnn non 5 5 7 External Standby INpUt oononncnnnnoninnninncnnnncnancnn crac nnancnnncnnnos 5 5 8 Audio QUIPUL A iii ra 5 5 9 Altitude Alerter OUtput c sccscesccesessceseeeeeceseeeeeseeaeeseeneeees Trig Avionics Limited 1 February 2010 Issue AJ TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 5 3 10 GPS Position Input sicisacisccsas ca ssacsvsses savssaseitas ise sheesassasacvaceshussasegsestase shin Ranas da 11 DIAL TIS Traffic Qutp t sione a eh task ascii esa Wada tdi 12 5 6 MOLEX CRIMPSTERMINAL S i5
3. 2 4 GPS Interfaces dal A an 21 7 POST INSTALLATION CHECKS esseseseseesosossesesesoesosoroesesesoceososoesesosoroesesocoesosoroesesocoesorosoesesose 22 8 NORMAL OPERATION ooccocconconocnosnncnoconcnnonncnncnnnoncconcononnonncononcconccononncnnoncnncnnronoconcononronon nono conos 23 8 1 OVERVIEW oit aen EnA da atan cs bose gs la de id da EA a A Abed ta Cavan A ERARE 23 A A O RON 23 8 3 MODE SELECTOR KNOB 0 4 4 vesccusesesoiy os dances covcedepeseunsescoveeigy otee Ees ipe aaie ap Aei cheesey edetes 23 94 PUSH BUTTON Sa 24 8 5 CODE SELECTOR KNOB isiin rea ee a vaesteascuveuatavh eitsurongy dai 24 6 0 e FGAT DIMER tadas 24 ii Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 8 7 SIOP WATCH anto fte tdo dl ao el de elo lb 24 8 8 ADS B POSITION MONITOR sodio di td Oates id a 24 8 9 ATTITUDE MONTO dd Bs 25 8 10 FAULT ANNUNCIATION 00d it dd adios 25 8 11 Low TEMPERATURE OPERATION ocococoncccnonononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononenononeninininess 25 9 CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS sccccssssscssssscccssssccccssssccesssccccssssccccsssesssssecccessseccscssseecees 26 10 LIMITED WARRANTY sisiccssssccsccssessessssecssensvenseenssecsevendsssucessocsssoassedascosecdnccasestacsdbesseesssesdoosss 27 11 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM cssssccsssssccssssccscssscccsssscccessssccesssscesees 28 12 ADS B COMPLIANCE wssssscccssssseccssssenccocstccstoesacosseesecossbecd
4. Issue AJ 5 5 Interface Details 5 5 1 Power Input The power supply can be 11 33 Volts DC no voltage adjustment is required Contacts 11 and 12 on the 24 way connector are both available as power inputs This is for compatibility reasons only internally the two are connected together and in most installations only one need be connected to the power supply Use a 3 Amp circuit breaker for power supply protection to the TT31 5 5 2 Lighting Bus Input The TT31 will adjust the brightness of the front panel switch lighting according to the voltage on the lighting bus input Two lighting bus inputs are provided on the 24 way connector to accommodate aircraft with 14 Volt or 28 Volt lighting systems When the lighting bus operates at 28 Volts connect the bus input to contact 3 and leave contact 2 unconnected When the lighting bus operates at 14 Volts connect the bus input to contact 2 In this case contact 3 can be left unconnected but for backwards compatibility may also be grounded instead with no effect If no lighting bus input is detected the TT31 will automatically control the front panel lighting based on the ambient light sensor 5 5 3 Mutual Suppression Mutual suppression allows two or more transmitters on adjacent frequencies to inhibit the other transmitters when one is active to limit the interference effects It is commonly used between transponders and DME systems and between transponders and collision avoidance systems
5. NexNav GPS sensors the interface speed can be selected between 4800 9600 and 19200 bps 5 5 11 TIS Traffic Output The TIS traffic output supports the display of uplinked Traffic Information Service messages It is an RS232 output on the 12 way secondary connector The TT31 TIS output can drive the Trig proprietary traffic protocol and can also support the format used by certain Garmin handheld displays including the 495 496 695 and 696 Note TIS is a Mode S uplink service that is provided by some US approach radars TIS coverage is limited to the coverage areas of those radars There is no TIS provision outside the USA 5 6 Molex Crimp Terminals The Molex connector contacts should be wired with wire of 18 24 AWG The contacts are compatible with a wide range of crimp tools Ensure that the contact has been crimped using both the conductor crimp and the insulator crimp Conductor Crimp Insulator Retaining Crimp Tab Once crimped the contacts should be slotted into the rear of the connector shell Push the contact in until the retaining tab clicks into place Tug gently to confirm the contact is locked in place The contacts can be easily removed using the Molex removal tool or equivalent This is pushed gently into the connector shell from the side opposite from the wire entry and lifts the retaining tab from the stop allowing the contact to be eased out by pulling on the wire 5 7 Antenna Installation The anten
6. RG393 311601 6 42 21 1 0 23 311501 8 22 26 11 0 18 311201 12 59 4r 3 0 12 310801 Contact Electronic Cable Specialists on 1 414 421 5300 or www ecsdirect com for their data sheets When routing the cable ensure that you e Route the cable away from sources of heat e Route the cable away from potential interference sources such as ignition wiring 400Hz generators fluorescent lighting and electric motors Trig Avionics Limited Page 13 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ Allow a minimum separation of 300mm 12 inches from an ADF antenna cable Keep the cable run as short as possible Avoid routing the cable round tight bends Avoid kinking the cable even temporarily during installation Secure the cable so that it cannot interfere with other systems Page 14 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 5 7 2 BNC Connector This section describes the technique for attaching the antenna cable to the supplied blind mate BNC connector If a low loss cable is needed that has too large a dielectric diameter to fit the supplied blind mate BNC connector a short length up to 150mm or 6 inches of smaller cable may be used with suitable mating connectors to adapt to the transponder connector e Strip back the coax cable to the dimensions in the table as shown in the diagram below Slide 25 mm 1 inch of he
7. Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ the aircraft registration using the rotary knob and the ENT button Note that the aircraft registration is loaded as letters and numbers only There are no dashes or other punctuation marks and no spaces can be inserted When you enter a space it finishes the data entry and moves to the next item 6 1 4 Airspeed Category Mode S transponders can transmit their maximum airspeed characteristics to aircraft equipped with TCAS This information is used to help identify threats and to plan avoiding action by the TCAS equipped aircraft The airspeeds are grouped in ranges using the rotary knob select the range that corresponds to the aircraft 6 1 5 Aircraft Category To assist ATC tracking of aircraft an aircraft category can be transmitted by Mode S transponders Using the rotary knob select the aircraft category that most closely matches the aircraft the transponder is installed in 6 1 6 Squat Switch Source The Squat switch input allows the transponder to automatically switch between Airborne and Ground modes and to automatically start and stop the flight timer The sense of the squat switch input can be selected using the rotary knob If the squat switch input is not connected the Not Connected option must be selected 6 1 7 TIS Output If the aircraft has a Traffic Information Service TIS compatible display connected to the transponder select the appropriat
8. X no test required Magnetic Effect 15 0 Equipment tested to Category Z Power Input 16 0 Equipment tested to Category B Voltage Spike 17 0 Equipment tested to Category B Audio frequency conducted susceptibility 18 0 Equipment tested to Category B Induced signal susceptibility 19 0 Equipment tested to Category A Radio frequency susceptibility 20 0 Equipment tested to Category T Radio frequency emission 21 0 Equipment tested to Category B Lightning induced transient susceptibility 22 0 Equipment identified as Category XXXX no test required Lightning direct effects 23 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Icing 24 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Electrostatic Discharge 25 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Page 28 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 1 February 2010 Issue AJ Because the ETSO for ADS B was published later than the ETSO for transponders it refers to a later edition of the environmental standard ED 14E DO 160E rather than ED 14D DO 160D The following form provides the environmental data in DO 160E format The two tables are equivalent Nomenclature TT31 Mode S Transponder Part Number 00220 XX ETSO C166a Manufacturer Trig Avionics Limited Address Conditions Heriot Watt Research Park Riccarton Currie Scotland EH14 4AP DO 160E Description of Conducted T
9. interrogations are received by the transponder on 1030MHz and replies are transmitted on 1090MHz In the Mode S environment S stands for Select and a Mode S interrogator can selectively address a single transponder This allows accurate position plotting with lower reply rates which in turn reduces frequency congestion and interference As a side benefit power consumption by the transponder may be reduced and simple datalink services can be supported such as ADS B It is however crucial to the reliable operation of the system that each aircraft has a distinct Mode S address The Mode S address is allocated by the registration authority for the aircraft and must be set when the TT31 is installed 2 2 Interfaces At the rear the transponder has two Molex style connectors and a single antenna connector for blind mating with the corresponding connectors in the mounting tray The interfaces provide the following services Parallel altitude input Serial altitude input Serial altitude output Ident input Standby input On ground input Lighting bus input DME Suppression Input Suppression bus I O Audio output Audio mute input Altitude alert output GPS Input Page 2 Connection to an external altitude encoder using parallel Gray code Connection to an external RS232 altitude encoder Using serial altitude data allows the transponder to report altitude with 25 foot resolution Connection to a GPS or other d
10. maswpc A Ground B AliwdeBa Al deB2 D atitudect E AliwdeBI F ident switch in pH aliudecs J atitudeas K Aldeas L Aliwdec2 M AlideAr LN Do Not Connect The following diagram shows the connector orientation as it would be fitted to the mounting tray Wiring Side Transponder Side Page 8 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 5 4 2 Secondary Interface Pinout Pin Signal Direction Ground aa TIS Traffic Out GPS Position In Reserved 4 Audio Mute In 6 Altitude Alert A Ground Reserved LE Reserved r Reserved Wiring Side PinA 5 4 3 Orientation Diagram To assist in connector orientation the following example shows a typical set of connections This diagram shows the expected connector positions when viewed from the transponder side of the tray looking into the tray from the front In the example shown the aircraft uses a 14 volt lighting bus a parallel altitude encoder a DME with simple suppression output a GPS with serial position output and a simple lamp for the altitude alerter This example is representative of a simple fixed gear 14 volt aircraft DME Optional Antenna Power In Suppress D4 Lighting Altitude Alert GPS Position Ground Trig Avionics Limited Page 9 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00
11. might be Trig Avionics Limited Page 19 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ Equipment Transmitted Integrity Level VER only GPS or uncertified installation GPS installation certified for en route and terminal IFR Medium navigation GPS installation certified with augmentation such as High WAAS or LAAS 6 1 11 Aircraft Length and Width On the ground ADS B transmits encoded aircraft size information which is used by ATC to identify taxiing routes and potential conflicts When configured for ADS B the TT31 will ask for the aircraft length and width wingspan in metres and will calculate the appropriate size code for transmission 6 1 12 ADS B Test Message Options Because of limitations in the ATC radar computer systems in some airspace an ADS B equipped aircraft is required to periodically transmit the Mode A squawk code in an ADS B squitter message This allows the computer system to reconcile conventional radar traces with ADS B information in a mixed surveillance environment Because the Mode A code does not form part of the base ADS B message set the code is sent in a TEST message Because different regulatory authorities have not agreed on the behaviour of the TEST message the installer must select the local preferred behaviour For aircraft registered in the USA or otherwise relying on the FAA TSO approval for the TT31 the TEST message should always be transmitted For oth
12. the overall aircraft installation AMC20 24 has been adopted as a base standard for ADS B surveillance in other parts of the world and provides radar like separation capabilities between participating IFR aircraft Experimental ADS B ADS B trials have taken place in a number of countries which Surveillance because of the experimental nature have allowed deviations from the operational standards represented by AMC20 24 but which have been based on positional information with comparable integrity ADS B Information There are a number of non certified applications of ADS B technology such as fleet monitoring and traffic awareness which can be deployed using position sources of lower integrity which because the integrity is reported in the transmissions are also compatible with the ADS B surveillance environment There is also a widely publicised fourth level of service in discussion which is the US Next Generation plan but at the time of publication of this manual a number of key aspects of this are undefined and no compliance statement against that future plan is practical The TT31 is designed to provide all of the required parameters listed in AMC20 24 However in order to be used for separation services AMC20 24 sets additional criteria related to the position accuracy and integrity of the GPS position source used and the ability for the GPS to communicate those accuracy and integrity parameters to the ADS B output system in the
13. transponder At the publication date of this manual the only commercially available GPS receivers we are aware of that can be used with the TT31 to meet the system requirements of AMC20 24 are the Freeflight 1201 and the NexNav 3101 A wide range of other GPS receivers can be used as the position source for ADS B including ETSO 129a receivers and simpler VFR GPS receivers Whilst these receivers may be suitable for Informational or Experimental installations they generally lack one or more of the required integrity parameters for an operational IFR separation application 12 3 AMC 20 24 Compliance For installations seeking certification to AMC20 24 or other applicable standards additional compliance information is available on request from Trig Avionics Limited Trig Avionics Limited Page 31 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 13 Installation Drawings 187 10 o CUT OUT DIMENSIONS FOR gt BEHIND AIRCRAFT PANEL MOUNT o m 3 3S 2 160 30 i o XN CUT OUT DIMENSIONS FOR 3 FRONT AIRCRAFT PANEL MOUNT t top1 10 70 240 75 36 62 11 20 04 016 PLACES i IR R 2 N y 4 left front LL 200 177 80 5 0 ALLOWANCE FOR AIRCRAFT PANEL THICKNESS All dimensions in millimetres Page 32 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 14 Basic Interconnect Diagram TT31 TRANSPONDER Trig Avionics Limited Groune Li
14. tray and attach the washer combination in the following order e Wave washer p n 00317 00 e Plain washer p n 00241 00 e Circlip washer p n 00242 00 The Circlip washer should be fitted with a set of Circlip pliers The two Molex connectors should be passed through the openings in the rear of the tray and then mounted firmly to the tray from the inside using the four M3 screws supplied Trig Avionics Limited Page 17 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 6 Installation Setup and Test The TT31 uses a simple setup system to program important system parameters including the Mode S address In the original factory configuration the setup screen is the first thing that runs when you switch on the transponder If the transponder has already been configured and you want to access the setup screen again simply hold down the FUNC button while switching on the transponder and the setup system will run The script will prompt for the following configuration items e Mode S Address e VER Squawk Code e VFR Flight ID Registration e Aircraft Maximum Airspeed e Aircraft Category e Squat switch source if fitted e GPS position source if fitted and ADS B parameters e TIS output format if used e Audio Output Volume e LCD Dimming Settings It will then run some simple installation diagnostics including an external interface check a check of the altitude encoder interface and a check of the ligh
15. 33 2323 ost sev as a ios 12 5 1 ANTENNA INSTALLATION ereer ar Aene eean pee eak EE Sa ENEN AAEE EA EES OSTNE ap E EENET EESE ia 12 5 7 1 Antenna Cable ai detach Daria iii 13 5 7 2 BNE Connect BSS Ie E ka A GB RR ey 15 5 8 TRAY BNC CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY eoccccoccononnconnonocononannninnonanonannorononenononnonconnan nero vices bke ervi 16 6 INSTALLATION SETUP AND TEST scsscsscsscsssescsssnessssnsscsssssssssssnessssncssessessessessessosees 18 6 1 CONFIGURATION ITEMS miia a E E e E EE E EN 18 6 1 1 Aircraft Address Programming sssesssssseseessssesssesenesseseseeeesenesseseseeenensrseseseesenesssseseseeeenes 18 6 1 2 VER Squawk Code oi A A Gs 18 6 1 3 VEREDA de 18 6 1 4 Airspeed CACEROLA da 19 6 1 5 Aircraft Cate SOY voce iii a aora EE ae Ea EE REES ERES 19 6 1 6 Squat Switeh S OUNCE cece sieves ia A dl events RE EEE to 19 6 1 7 TS Outpt a A A as Gta hasan aes 19 6 1 8 GPSUINDUE ss tai dirias Apis le eateries deleted eae 19 6 1 9 GPS UIS Line Speed novia aria iedbeidesasssessostb eE ei ai ci 19 610 GPS System Integrity Level tai 19 6IL Aircraft Length and Widih a 20 6 1 12 ADS B Test Message Options oooooocnoonnonnnnnnonncnnnnnncnno cono cn neon no conc on nc nnnonnnrnn rra rra rra nannncn nes 20 6 pII Audio Vol da 20 OLLA AED Dim PON bie 20 OS LED Bri ghiness scsi AS A 20 602 PBST ITEMS ti aca 21 6 2 1 Unter faces Check rs riada tual dle id do lisis iia 21 6 2 2 EUA Cie Ck AAA E O NN 21 6 2 3 PLOWING BUS iaa 21 6
16. TRIG TT31 Mode S Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 AJ 1 February 2010 Trig Avionics Limited Heriot Watt Research Park Riccarton Currie EH14 4AP Scotland UK Copyright Trig Avionics Limited 2009 2010 This page intentionally left blank TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 CONTENTS 1 PREFACE ouint otat e Aira n N EE E NE 1 1 PURPOSE urea 1 2 SCOPE A e eed e e ca 1 3 CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS ISSUE cssessceceessececeeseecesseeeeenenaees 1 4 DOCUMENT CROSS REFERENCES cccsesceceeseececseseeeessseeeenenaees 2 INTRODUCTION cccsssssssssssessessesessessssessersesessersesessessssersesessens 2 1 TT31 DESCRIPTION ccccccccecececececececececececececececececececececeeesecess 2 2 INTERFACES iavatibilda 8 3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS cssccccssssscsssscccssssccessssceeess 3 1 REGULATORY oero etone E er re EESE EAE NEE EES 3 2 PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS IN TRAY cceccccesssscecseeeeeeseeeeeeenaees 3 3 INSTALLATION APPROVAL csescecesscessceceseeeentecesceeeneeceaceseneers 4 UNIT AND ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED sscsscssssssseseesesesees 4 1 TT31 MODE S TRANSPONDER TEMS ocooooccccononcnononnncnnnonnncnnnnnnos 4 2 INSTALLATION Kio ai 4 3 DOCUMENTATION KIT s 2 c2 fie dices aart eta a RE 4 4 REQUIRED TEMS cccccccessessececececeesenececeeccecsenssaeeeeseseeensaasaeeees 5 INSTALLATION eseis sesso esiosas sosise esoo siseosas assisas
17. Unit Description Part Number TT31 Mode S Transponder 00220 00 TT31 Mounting Tray 0023 1 00 TT31 Documentation Kit 00233 00 TT31 Installation Kit 00223 00 4 2 Installation Kit Your TT31 installation kit includes the following items Unit Description Qt Part Number 12 way double sided crimp housing 1 00032 00 connector 24 way double sided crimp housing 1 00033 00 connector Crimp Terminal Female 18 24 AWG 30 00236 00 Screw Pozidrive Pan Head M3x12mm lg 4 00422 00 Connector Co axial Panel Mount Right 1 00239 00 Angle Blind Mate Circlip 7 16 External 1 00242 00 Washer 7 16 Plain Stainless Steel 1 00241 00 Washer 7 16 Crinkle Beryllium Copper 1 003 17 00 4 3 Documentation Kit Your TT31 documentation kit includes the following items Unit Description Part Number TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 TT31 Pilots Operating Manual 00454 00 4 4 Required Items Additional items you will require but which are not in the TT31 package include e Antenna and fixing hardware The TT31 is compatible with any transponder antenna approved to ETSO C74 or 2C112 Trig Avionics Limited Page 5 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ e Altitude encoder You require an encoding altimeter or a blind encoder with either parallel Gray code or RS232 serial output For best results and simpler installation an encoder with a serial output is recommended e Cables You nee
18. adjacent to the altitude display on the transponder 8 10 Fault Annunciation If the transponder detects an internal failure the screen will indicate FAULT and a brief statement of the problem No replies will be made to interrogations when a fault is detected 8 11 Low Temperature Operation The TT31 is certified for correct operation at temperatures down to 20 Celsius At low temperatures however the display performance will be impaired The aircraft cockpit should be warmed to allow normal operation of the transponder before takeoff Trig Avionics Limited Page 25 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 9 Continued Airworthiness Other than for periodic functional checks required by the regulations the TT31 Mode S transponder has been designed and manufactured to allow on condition maintenance This means that there are no periodic service requirements necessary to maintain continued airworthiness and no maintenance is required until the equipment does not properly perform its intended function When service is required a complete performance test should be accomplished following any repair action Repairs should only be carried out in accordance with Trig Avionics Limited service procedures Page 26 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 10 Limited Warranty Trig Avionics Limited warrants our products to be free from defects in
19. an be adjusted at installation see Section 6 Note The audio pair is not a true transformer balanced output both pins are actively driven If the audio panel input is single ended then only one of the output pins should be used together with a local ground pin the other audio output should be left floating The Audio Output carries the traffic alert messages for TIS and the altitude audio annunciator used by the altitude monitor function 5 5 9 Altitude Alerter Output The TT31 includes an altitude monitor function that can alert the pilot to altitude deviations in cruise flight The altitude alerter output on the 12 way secondary connector is switched to ground when the altitude deviation is detected and can be connected to a warning light or sounder to warn the pilot The output is an open collector transistor and can sink up to 1 Amp DC The switched voltage should not exceed 60 Volts 5 5 10 GPS Position Input The GPS position input is required to support ADS B functionality The GPS position input is an RS232 input to the transponder and is on the 12 way secondary connector The ADS B features are optional no GPS is required for normal Mode S Elementary Surveillance Trig Avionics Limited Page 11 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ The TT31 GPS input can recognise the industry standard Aviation format the NMEA 0183 format or the format used by certain Freeflight and
20. ansponder replies to interrogations The pressure altitude is displayed as a Flight Level which is the pressure altitude in hundreds of feet When non standard atmospheric conditions apply this may not match the altimeter indicated altitude but will be correctly displayed by the ATC radar 8 3 Mode Selector Knob The left hand knob controls the power to the transponder and the operating mode OFF Power is removed from the transponder SBY The transponder is on but will not reply to any interrogations GND The transponder will respond to Mode S ground interrogations from surface movement radar ON The transponder will respond to all interrogations but altitude reporting is suppressed ALT The transponder will respond to all interrogations When airborne the transponder should always be set to ALT unless otherwise directed by Air Traffic Control When you are taxiing on the ground the transponder should be set to GND unless your installation includes a gear squat switch Aircraft installations that include a gear squat switch will automatically select GND on landing Trig Avionics Limited Page 23 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 8 4 Push Buttons IDENT Press the IDENT button when ATC instructs you to Ident or Squawk Ident This activates the SPI pulse in the transponder replies for 18 seconds IDENT will appear in the display FUNC Pressing the FUNC button provides access t
21. at shrink tubing over the cable Heat Shrink Tubing w p Dimension Cut size Cut size mm inches A 12 7 0 5 B 6 4 0 25 C 3 2 0 125 e Insert the cable into the connector the inner conductor should align with the centre contact the inner shield should be inside the body of the connector and the outer shield should be outside the body Outer Shield ee ES Inner Shield e Solder the centre conductor to the centre contact aligning the conductor with the slot in the contact Avoid excess solder heat on the centre BNC conductor pin e Solder the inner shield to the inside of the connector body by applying a soldering iron to the body and running solder into the gap Try to avoid excess solder heat on the connector body e Solder the outer shield to the outside of the connector body Avoid excess solder heat on the connector body Trig Avionics Limited Page 15 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ e Slide heat shrink tubing forward flush to connector and heat to shrink the tubing e Complete the assembly by installing the bushing over the centre contact and fitting the cap Solder the cap in place in at least two places 00317 00 00241 00 00242 00 Page 16 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ When the BNC is prepared feed it through the TT31 mounting
22. ceiver Sensitivity Characteristics ETSO 2C112b TSO C112 Class 1 Level 2es ETSO C166a Class BO VZI00220 EuroCAE ED 73B EuroCAE ED 14D RTCA DO 160D RTCA DO 181C RTCA DO 260A ED 12B RTCA DO 178B Level B 10 33 Volts DC Typical 6 3Watts E 14Volts 35 000 feet 95 50C for 6 hours 85 38C for 16 hours Tested to Category A in DO 160D 20C to 55C 1090MHz 1MHz 240 Watts nominal 125 Watts minimum at antenna after allowing for 0 5dB connector losses and 1 5dB cable losses 6M75 VID 1030 MHz 74dBm 3dB 3 2 Physical Specifications in Tray Specification 3 3 Installation Approval Characteristics 40mm 1 57 160mm 6 30 239mm 9 4 2 8lbs 1 35Kg The conditions and tests required for the TSO approval of the TT31 Mode S Transponder are minimum performance standards It is the responsibility of those desiring to install this transponder on or within a specific type or class of aircraft to determine that the aircraft operating conditions are within the TSO standards The transponder may be installed only if further evaluation by the user installer documents an acceptable installation that is approved by the appropriate airworthiness authority Page 4 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 4 Unit and Accessories supplied 4 1 TT31 Mode S Transponder Items Your TT31 Mode S transponder includes the following items
23. conds from the corresponding input report 5 5 5 Ident Switch Input The Ident switch input on the 24 way connector allows the IDENT function to be selected using a remote switch The input is active low and will be asserted when the voltage to ground is pulled below approximately 4 Volts 5 5 6 Squat Switch Input The Squat switch input allows the transponder to automatically switch between Airborne and Ground modes of operation The squat switch will also automatically start and stop the flight timer The input will be asserted when the voltage to ground is pulled below approximately 4 Volts The operating mode of the squat switch can be programmed during setup to allow for active low or active high logical behaviour For aircraft with no squat switch this input should be left open circuit and the setup mode programmed for Not Connected 5 5 7 External Standby Input This input when held low places the transponder in Standby mode It should be used to switch between transponders in an installation with two transponders The input is active low and will be asserted when the voltage to ground is pulled below approximately 4 Volts 5 5 8 Audio Output The Audio Output is on the 12 way secondary connector The Audio Output is a balanced two wire audio output that can be connected to an unswitched input on the aircraft audio panel Audio output is up to 10 Volts peak to peak across the pair when driving a 600 Ohm load actual level c
24. d is pulled below approximately 4 Volts The TT31 includes internal isolation diodes which prevent the unit from pulling the encoder lines to ground when the transponder is switched off The TT31 can therefore share the altitude inputs with other devices without needing external isolation Parallel output altitude encoders intended for operation below 30 000 feet may not have a signal connection for D4 In an aircraft with a service ceiling below 30 000 feet input D4 will never be active and can safely be left unconnected The serial encoder input uses RS232 input levels The communication should be 9600 bps no parity Page 10 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ The TT31 will correctly recognise either Icarus Trimble Garmin format altitude data or RMS format altitude data Refer to the encoder documentation to determine jumper settings as appropriate The TT31 includes a serial altitude output which repeats the altitude received on the encoded input either parallel or serial for connection to a GPS or other equipment The serial output supplies RS232 output levels and runs at 9600 bps no parity The output format is always Icarus Trimble Garmin format If the altitude source is a parallel encoder the serial output is reported every 0 5 seconds if the source is a serial encoder the output simply repeats the input reports each report delayed by up to 10 millise
25. d to supply and fabricate all required cables Guidance on cable types is given in section 5 below e Fixings To secure the transponder tray to the airframe you will need at least 6 flat head screws and six self locking nuts If the aircraft does not have existing mounting provisions you may need to fabricate additional brackets to support the transponder tray To support the optional ADS B features a GPS receiver with an appropriate serial output is required To support the optional TIS features a display with an appropriate serial input is required Page 6 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 5 Installation 5 1 Unpacking and Inspecting Equipment Carefully unpack the transponder and make a visual inspection of the unit for evidence of any damage incurred during shipment If the unit is damaged notify the shipping company to file a claim for the damage To justify your claim save the original shipping container and all packaging materials 5 2 Mounting The TT31 Mode S transponder must be mounted rigidly in the aircraft panel The following installation procedure should be followed remembering to allow adequate space for installation of cables and connectors e Select a position in the panel that is not too close to any high external heat source The TT31 is not a significant heat source itself and does not need to be kept away from other devices for this reason e Avo
26. e interface protocol using the rotary knob Note TIS is a Mode S uplink service that is provided by some US approach radars TIS coverage is limited to the coverage areas of those radars there is no TIS provision outside the USA 6 1 8 GPS Input If a GPS is connected for ADS B position reporting select the appropriate interface protocol using the rotary knob 6 1 9 GPS TIS Line Speed If a GPS input or TIS output has been configured you should select the appropriate line speed using the rotary knob Traffic displays using the Garmin protocol run at 9600 bps Panel mount GPS units with Aviation format outputs generally also run at 9600 bps NMEA GPS units generally run at 4800 bps Freeflight 1201 and NexNav 3101 GPS receivers generally run at 19200 bps Note The TIS output and GPS input speeds are not separately controlled on the TT31 Not all combinations of GPS input and TIS output will be usable if the external devices operate on fixed bit rates and are different to each other 6 1 10 GPS System Integrity Level An important metric for ADS B ground system behaviour is the SIL or System Integrity Level It is intended to reflect the probability that the GPS position source is providing erroneous information A detailed analysis of the contribution to system integrity is outside the scope of this manual and the installer may need to carry out a system safety analysis to determine the best value to set However a reasonable guideline
27. er airworthiness approval authorities the preferred behaviour is to apply a geographical filter so that these messages are only sent when the aircraft is visible to US radar systems Because it has a GPS position input the transponder already knows the geographic position of the aircraft and therefore in this case the recommended option setting for these messages is Only in America 6 1 13 Audio Volume The altitude alert function includes an audio alert This configuration item lets you adjust the audio volume output from the transponder using the rotary knob Whilst you are turning the volume control the transponder will periodically output a test signal to verify the settings 6 1 14 LCD Dim Point The LCD backlight illumination is controlled automatically by the ambient light sensor Depending on the amount of light spill in the cockpit and the brightness of other adjacent avionics displays it may be necessary to adjust the darkest setting of the backlight to best match other equipment and to improve the cockpit appearance Note it is only practical to do this in pitch darkness since that is the in flight environment that you are trying to reproduce If you are working in a hangar with any other lighting it may be better to leave the setting in the mid range 6 1 15 LCD Brightness The actual maximum brightness of the LCD cannot be increased with this control What it controls is the rate at which the lighting increases in br
28. ests Temperature and Altitude 4 0 Equipment tested to Categories A4 C4 Low temperature ground survival 4 5 1 55 C Low temperature operating 4 5 1 20 C High temperature operating 4 5 3 55 C High temperature short time operating 4 5 2 70 C High temperature ground survival 4 5 2 85 C Loss of Cooling 4 5 4 Cooling air not required 70 C operating without cooling air Altitude 4 6 1 35 000 feet Decompression 4 6 2 8 000 to 35 000 feet in 15 seconds Overpressure 4 6 3 15000 feet Temperature Variation 5 0 Equipment tested to Category C Humidity 6 0 Equipment tested to Category A Operational Shocks 7 2 Equipment tested to Category B Crash Safety 7 3 Equipment tested to Category B and extended to use test levels for Helicopters Vibration 8 0 Aircraft zone 2 type 3 4 5 to category S level M Equipment at strike off level 3 also tested for aircraft zone 2 type 1 Helicopters to category U level G Explosion 9 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Waterproofness 10 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Fluids Susceptibility 11 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Sand and Dust 12 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Fungus 13 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Salt Spray 14 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test
29. evice needing serial altitude data this allows the transponder to act as a repeater instead of requiring a second altitude encoder External IDENT switch input External standby input for dual transponder installations Allows automatic flight ground mode switching for aircraft with a squat switch Used to adjust the backlight and switch lighting intensity Input to limit interference between DME interrogations and transponder replies suppresses transponder whilst active ARINC compatible suppression bus signal used in aircraft with more sophisticated suppression needs both an input to and output from the transponder Optionally used by the altitude monitor function Toggle function to mute the audio output Output used to signal altitude deviations when optional altitude monitor function is used Connection to a GPS supplying position input for ADS B position reporting Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ TIS Output RS232 output for connection to traffic display Trig Avionics Limited Page 3 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 1 February 2010 Issue AJ 3 Technical Specifications 3 1 Regulatory Specification Compliance FCC Identification Applicable documents Software Power Requirements Altitude Humidity Operating Temperature Transmitter Frequency Transmitter Power Transmitter Modulation Receiver Frequency Re
30. ghting 14 Lighting 28V Suppress VO Squat Switch Serial Ait Out Senai Al in Suppress in Ext Standby o 1 _ gt 3A OTHER TRANSPONDER lt SEE NOTE 1 DDMUTUAL SUPPRESSION BUS o _ GPS RECEIVER SERIAL ALTITUDE ENCODER SEE NOTE 2 13 po CIRCUIT BREAKER PARALLEL ALTITUDE ENCODER SEE NOTE 2 AUDIO PANEL y Es ANTENNA 1 February 2010 Issue AJ NOTE 1 CONNECT ONLY ONE INPUT TO THE LIGHTING BUS DEPENDING ON THE LINE VOLTAGE NOTE 2 CONNECT EITHER A SERIAL ALTITUDE ENCODER OR A PARALLEL ENCODER BOTH SHOWN HERE ONLY TO ILLUSTRATE CONNECTIONS NOTE 3 LAMP SHOWN AS EXAMPLE OF POSSIBLE ALERTER INSTALLATION OTHER OPTIONS ARE POSSIBLE Page 33 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ This page intentionally left blank Page 34 Trig Avionics Limited
31. he second connector altogether The Molex edge connector used in the TT31 is similar to the connector used on the KT76A and KT78A transponders and the common signals on the primary connector use the same contact positions and are electrically compatible The antenna connector is also compatible Providing that the wiring is appropriately installed it is intended that you can upgrade a KT76A or KT78A installation to the TT31 without any connector rewiring Before doing that however you MUST check that the wiring for the existing transponder is in good condition Trig Avionics Limited Page 7 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 5 4 1 Primary Interface Pinout Pin Signal Direction Ground ES Lighting 14V Input Lighting 28V Suppress I O Bi directional Squat Switch In Serial Alt Out Serial Alt In Altitude D4 Suppress In Standby Switch 11 33V DC ESA 11 33V DC eo a Ground a Altitude B4 Altitude B2 Altitude C1 Altitude B1 Ident Switch In Altitude C4 Altitude A4 Altitude A2 Altitude C2 Altitude Al N Do Not Connect Saar These signals are different to the KT76A KT78A pinout on the KT76A and KT78A these signals are not usually connected in the aircraft a Ground 2 Lighting av 3 tighting29v a Suppress vo 5 Squat Switch n 6 seria Akou 7 seriataitn 8 AliudeDs 9 suppressin 10 standby Switch ju mssvpc e
32. id sharp bends and placing the cables too near to the aircraft control cables e Secure the mounting tray p n 00231 00 to the instrument panel via the six 6 mounting holes in the tray It is important that the tray is supported at the rear two mounting holes as well as the front four e Check that the locking mechanism is correctly oriented by unscrewing the locking screw if required e Slide the TT31 transponder into the secured mounting tray e Lock the TT31 transponder into the mounting tray using a 3 32 Allen key taking care not to over tighten the locking screw 5 3 Cooling Requirements The TT31 Mode S transponder meets all applicable ETSO requirements without forced air cooling Attention should however be given to the incorporation of cooling provisions to limit the maximum operating temperature of each unit when the TT31 is installed in a typical panel or rack The reliability of equipment operating in close proximity in a rack can be degraded if adequate cooling is not provided 5 4 Electrical Connections The TT31 has two Molex edge connectors one with 24 contacts which is the primary interface and a second connector with 12 contacts which carries signals to support ADS B and uplinked TIS traffic A single coaxial connector attaches to the antenna The only feature of the current TT31 that depends on the second Molex connector is the altitude alerter In simple installations it is therefore possible to omit wiring for t
33. ightness as the ambient light increases This allows the brightness to be matched to other avionics displays during light level changes as far as possible Page 20 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 6 2 Test items 6 2 1 Interface Check The Interface Check screen displays the current state of the external IDENT external STANDBY and external GROUND inputs Exercise these inputs to confirm the correct behaviour 6 2 2 Altitude Check The Altitude check displays the current state of the altitude inputs Individual Gray code lines are shown to assist in fault tracing 6 2 3 Lighting Bus The lighting bus check displays the voltage on the lighting bus to assist in verifying the correct operation of the lighting bus 6 2 4 GPS Interface The GPS interface check provides a simple confidence check that the transponder is receiving data on the RS232 input Note that this check does not attempt to decode the received data it is intended only to provide a quick wiring check in the hangar To assure that the interface is fully operable the aircraft should be tested with the transponder in normal operating mode with the GPS receiver operating correctly and a ramp test of the transmitted parameters completed Trig Avionics Limited Page 21 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 7 Post Installation Checks Post installation checks should be ca
34. l end it 8 6 Flight Timer The Flight Timer records the time for which the transponder has been powered on and operating in flight mode either ON or ALT Press the FUNC button to display the Flight Timer 8 7 Stopwatch The stopwatch can be used as a convenient timer Press the FUNC button to display the stopwatch Pressing ENT will reset and start the timer Pressing ENT again will stop the timer 8 8 ADS B Position Monitor The ADS B position monitor is available on aircraft equipped for ADS B position output It provides a convenient way of verifying that valid position information is being received by the transponder by displaying the current calculated position If a valid position is displayed the transponder will be transmitting that position to ADS B participants If no position is available the position will be Page 24 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ displayed as dashes and the transponder will NOT be transmitting ADS B position information 8 9 Altitude Monitor The Altitude Monitor activates an audio annunciator or annunciator light depending on installation when the aircraft pressure altitude differs from the selected altitude by more than 200 feet Press the FUNC button to display the altitude monitor enable screen Pressing ENT toggles the altitude monitor at the current altitude When altitude monitoring is in use a small deviation pointer appears
35. ll display the ADS position monitor With the aircraft outside the hangar for good GPS reception the aircraft position should be displayed on the transponder If the position indications are all dashes then either the GPS position is not valid or the GPS interface is not correctly configured Whenever a valid position is received by the transponder and the transponder is in any mode other than Standby ADS B Extended Squitters should be observed on the transponder test set Where installed verification of the TIS output A Mode S test set with TIS capability should be used with the transponder in ALT mode traffic should be shown on the attached display Page 22 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 8 Normal Operation 8 1 Overview On the front panel is an amber backlit LCD display flanked by a rotary mode selector knob OFF SBY GND ON and ALT and a continuously rotating knob used for code and data entry Ident Active Reported Reply Flight ID Enter Back Button Mode Altitude Indicator and Squawk Button Button Mode Function Light VFR Flight ID Squawk Code Knob Button Sensor Button Button Knob 8 2 Display The display shows the operating mode of the transponder the reported pressure altitude and the current squawk code and Flight ID The reply indicator is active when the tr
36. materials and workmanship for a period of two 2 years from the date of installation by an authorised dealer This warranty covers repair and or replacement at our option of any parts found to be defective provided such defects in our opinion are due to faulty material or workmanship and are not caused by tampering abuse or normal wear All warranties are F O B Trig Avionics Limited Heriot Watt Research Park Riccarton Currie EH14 4AP Trig Avionics will not accept or pay for any charges for warranty work performed outside our factory without prior written consent This warranty applies only to products in normal use It does not apply to units or circuit boards defective due to improper installation physical damage tampering lightning or other electrical discharge units with altered serial numbers or units repaired by unauthorised persons or in violation of Trig Avionics Limited service procedures Trig Avionics Limited assumes no responsibility for any consequential losses of any nature with respect to any products or services sold rendered or delivered Trig Avionics Limited Page 27 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 11 Environmental Qualification Form Nomenclature TT31 Mode S Transponder Part Number 00220 XX ETSO 2C112b Manufacturer Trig Avionics Limited Address Heriot Watt Research Park Riccarton Currie Scotla
37. na Excessive loss will degrade both transmitter output power and receiver sensitivity Allowing 0 25dB loss for the connector at each end of the antenna cable assembly leaves an allowance of 1 5dB maximum loss for the cable itself An acceptable cable e Has less than 1 5dB loss for the run length needed e Has a characteristic impedance of 50 Ohms e Has double braid screens or has a foil and braid screen Once the cable run length is known a cable type with low enough loss per metre that meets the above requirements can be chosen Longer runs require lower loss cable NOTE Low loss cable typically uses foamed or cellular dielectrics and foil screens These make such cables especially prone to damage from too tight bends or from momentary kinking during installation Once kinked these cables do not return to full performance when straightened The following table is a guide to the maximum usable lengths of some common cable types Actual cable loss varies between manufacturers there are many variants and the table is therefore based on typical data Use it as a guide only and refer to the manufacturer s data sheet for your specific chosen cable for accurate values Max Length Max Length Insertion Loss MIL C 17 Cables Electronic Cable in Metres in Feet dB metre at Specialists Type 1090MHz 2 54 8 4 0 59 M17 128 RG400 3 16 10 4 0 47 3C142B 3 81 12 6 0 39 M17 112 RG304 5 25 17 3 0 29 M17 127
38. na should be installed according to the manufacturer s instructions The following considerations should be taken into account when siting the Antenna e The antenna should be well removed from any projections the engine s and propeller s It should also be well removed from landing gear doors access doors or others openings which will break the ground plane for the antenna e The antenna should be mounted on the bottom surface of the aircraft and in a vertical position when the aircraft is in level flight e Avoid mounting the antenna within 3 feet of the ADF sense antenna or any COMM antenna and 6 feet from the transponder to the DME antenna Page 12 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ e Where practical plan the antenna location to keep the cable lengths as short as possible and avoid sharp bends in the cable to minimise the VSWR e To prevent RF interference the antenna must be physically mounted a minimum distance of 3 feet from the TT31 Mode S transponder Electrical connection to the antenna should be protected to avoid loss of efficiency as a result of the presence of liquids or moisture All antenna feeders shall be installed in such a way that a minimum of RF energy is radiated inside the aircraft 5 7 1 Antenna Cable The TT31 is designed to meet Class 1 requirements with an allowance of 2 dB for loss in the connectors and cable used to connect it to the anten
39. nd EH14 4AP Conditions DO 160D Description of Conducted Tests Section Temperature and Altitude 4 0 Equipment tested to Categories A1 C1 Low temperature ground survival 4 5 1 55 C Low temperature operating 4 5 1 20 C High temperature operating 4 5 3 55 C High temperature short time operating 4 5 2 70 C High temperature ground survival 4 5 2 85 C Loss of Cooling 4 5 4 Cooling air not required 70 C operating without cooling air Altitude 4 6 1 35 000 feet Decompression 4 6 2 8 000 to 35 000 feet in 15 seconds Overpressure 4 6 3 15000 feet Temperature Variation 5 0 Equipment tested to Category C Humidity 6 0 Equipment tested to Category A Operational Shocks 7 2 Equipment tested to Category B Crash Safety 7 3 Equipment tested to Category B and extended to use test levels for Helicopters Vibration 8 0 Aircraft zone 2 type 3 4 5 to category S level M Equipment at strike off level 3 also tested for aircraft zone 2 type 1 Helicopters to category U level G Explosion 9 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Waterproofness 10 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Fluids Susceptibility 11 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Sand and Dust 12 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Fungus 13 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Salt Spray 14 0 Equipment identified as Category
40. o the flight timer stopwatch and altitude monitor function When the aircraft is ADS B equipped pressing FUNC also provides access to the ADS B position monitor VFR Pressing the VFR button sets the transponder to the pre programmed conspicuity code Pressing the button again restores the previous squawk code FLT SQ Pressing FLT SQ alternates the primary display between squawk code and Flight ID ENT The ENT button enters a digit in the code selector BACK The BACK button goes back to the previous digit in the code selector 8 5 Code Selector Knob The right hand knob is used to set squawk codes and the Flight ID The FLT SQ button selects which will be updated Turning the knob will highlight the first digit on the display and the digit can be changed as required Press the ENT button to advance to the next digit When ENT is pressed on the last digit the new squawk code or Flight ID will replace the previous value If the code entry is not completed within 7 seconds the changes are ignored and the previous code restored 1200 VFR code in the USA 7000 VFR code commonly used in Europe 7500 Hijack code 7600 Loss of communications 7700 Emergency code The Flight ID should correspond to the aircraft call sign entered on your flight plan If no flight plan is active the aircraft registration should be used as your Flight ID Use only letters and digits If the Flight ID is less than 8 characters long entering a blank character wil
41. required Magnetic Effect 15 0 Equipment tested to Category Z Power Input 16 0 Equipment tested to Category B Voltage Spike 17 0 Equipment tested to Category B Audio frequency conducted susceptibility 18 0 Equipment tested to Category B Induced signal susceptibility 19 0 Equipment tested to Category AC Radio frequency susceptibility 20 0 Equipment tested to Category T Radio frequency emission 21 0 Equipment tested to Category B Lightning induced transient susceptibility 22 0 Equipment identified as Category XXXX no test required Lightning direct effects 23 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Icing 24 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Electrostatic Discharge 25 0 Equipment identified as Category X no test required Fire Flammability 26 0 Equipment identified as Category C Trig Avionics Limited Page 29 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 12 ADS B Compliance TT31 transponders with software version 2 3 and above include support for Extended Squitter ADS B out The TT31 is a DO 260A change 2 compliant category BO broadcast only participant which also meets the power output levels for category B1 12 1 ADS B Parameters Supported The following table lists the ADS B parameters that are transmitted by the TT31 transponder when connected to an appropriate GPS receiver Parameter BDS Register 0 5 Emergency Indicator Barometric Altit
42. rried out in accordance with your certification requirements These checks should include Mode S interrogations to verify correct address programming Verification of the reported altitude using a static tester For aircraft using parallel Gray code encoders the test should include a range of altitudes up to 6 800 feet 14 800 feet or 30 800 feet depending on the service ceiling of the aircraft these altitudes correspond to code changes which are not otherwise tested at lower altitudes Where installed verification of correct squat switch ground airborne indications In an aircraft with a squat switch setting the Mode switch to ALT when the aircraft is on the ground should leave the transponder in GND mode when the aircraft becomes airborne the mode should switch automatically to ALT Interrogations to verify the receiver sensitivity A Mode S transponder should have a minimum triggering level MTL of between 77 dBm and 71 dBm Failure to meet this requirement usually indicates antenna or coaxial cable problems Interrogations to verify the transmitted power A Class 1 installation should have no less than 125 Watts at the antenna and no more than 500 Watts Failure to meet this requirement is also generally due to antenna or wiring issues Where installed verification of the GPS position source and ADS B outputs In an aircraft with a configured GPS pressing the FUNC button on the transponder front panel in normal operation wi
43. sssbassesssaasosessaessvcssessescbsssessc esstencsoes 30 12 1 ADS B PARAMETERS SUPPORTED o coccccccncnononononononononononononononononononononononononononononononinininnnnanananes 30 12 2 ADS B SERVICE LEVELS ucar a a sens eversees cpeveeies Opemestecplev gins a e Cpevseies Gpesescvepersene 30 12 37 AMG 20 24 COMPLIANCE a 31 13 INSTALLATION DRAWINGS isicsessctessssccsvsscecescssestsovsccavennedesvonwssdevensssesusnscseeteceaseovescdsasessse 32 14 BASIC INTERCONNECT DIAGRAM ccssscscssssccecssscscssssccccssseccscssccccesseccscssssccscssceceees 33 Trig Avionics Limited iii TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ This page intentionally left blank iv Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ 1 Preface 1 1 Purpose This manual describes the physical and electrical characteristics and the installation requirements for a TT31 Mode S Transponder 1 2 Scope This document applies to the installation of the TT31 Mode S Transponder At the publication date of this manual the software version identifier for the TT31 is 2 5 and the FPGA version identifier is 231006a The software and FPGA versions are subject to change without notice 1 3 Changes from Previous Issue Change from Issue Al to Issue AJ comprises minor editorial changes plus Section 2 2 Interfaces Added reference to TIS traffic output Section 5 4 2 Secondary Ou
44. ting bus input All the programming is accomplished using the right hand rotary knob and the ENT BACK and FUNC buttons Make all input selections using the rotary knob Pressing the ENT button accepts the current input and advances to the next input item Pressing the BACK button allows you to change something you have already entered Pressing the FUNC button moves directly to the next screen 6 1 Configuration Items 6 1 1 Aircraft Address Programming The Mode S Address is a 24 bit number issued to the aircraft by the registration authority for the aircraft These addresses are usually written as a 6 digit hexadecimal number although you may also encounter one written as an 8 digit octal number The TT31 only understands the hexadecimal format so you must first convert an octal number to hexadecimal Enter the 6 digit aircraft address using the rotary knob and the ENT button 6 1 2 VFR Squawk Code When the pilot presses the VFR button a pre programmed code will replace the current squawk code The code is set up next the choice of code will depend on the normal location of the aircraft In the USA the VFR squawk code is 1200 In most parts of Europe the VFR squawk code should be set to 7000 Enter the 4 digit squawk code using the rotary knob and the ENT button 6 1 3 VFR Flight ID The default Flight ID for an aircraft not on an IFR flight plan should be the aircraft registration Enter Page 18 Trig Avionics Limited TT31
45. tput Specified TIS traffic output pin Section 5 5 8 Audio Output Clarification of output signals addition of TIS audio Section 5 5 11 TIS Output New section Section 6 1 2 VFR Code Removal of German 0021 code Section 6 1 7 TIS Configuration New section Section 6 1 12 ADS B TEST Message Changed to clarify preferred selection of TEST message behaviour Section 14 Wiring Diagram Added optional TIS display 1 4 Document Cross References 00454 00 TT31 Mode S Transponder Operating Manual AC Trig Avionics Limited Page 1 TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 00455 00 1 February 2010 Issue AJ 2 Introduction 2 1 TT31 Description The TT31 Mode S panel mount transponder is an ED 73B Class 1 compliant Mode S level 2es datalink transponder with support for extended squitter elementary surveillance and SI codes The TT31 is also a DO 260A change 2 Class BO compliant ADS B out participant which also meets the power output levels for Class B1 The TT31 meets the relevant environmental requirements of ED 14D and is certified to ETSO 2C112b ETSO C166a and TSO C112 The TT31 transmitter power output is nominally 240 watts and the transponder runs from either 14 volt nominal or 28 volt nominal DC power supply with no configuration changes required The TT31 transponder responds to both legacy Mode A C interrogations and to Mode S interrogations from both ground radar and airborne collision avoidance systems In all cases the
46. ude 0 5 Quality Indicator NIC Latitude os Airborne Position Longitude os Quality Indicator NIC 1 Latitude Surface Position Longitude Surface Ground Speed Surface Ground Track Aircraft Identification Airborne Ground Velocity Emergency Status Quality Indicator NACp Quality Indicator SIL 5 5 5 Version Indicator es Surface Length Width In addition the TEST message with 4096 squawk code information can also be transmitted to support coordination with ATC radar systems TEST message transmission status is an installation option 12 2 ADS B Service Levels ADS B forms part of the future plans for airspace management and is being deployed in certain limited applications The following summary of the ADS B service is current at the date of publication of this manual but you should be aware that regulatory changes are taking place in this area and the most recent regulatory information should be consulted There are currently three levels of service that an ADS B transmitter can provide Operational ADS B Surveillance EASA has published the certification requirements for using ADS B position information for Air Traffic Control services in a non radar environment AMC20 24 AMC20 24 includes both Page 30 Trig Avionics Limited TT31 Transponder Installation Manual 1 February 2010 00455 00 Issue AJ technical attributes of the individual components of an installation and system attributes for
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