Trio 9R-59DS - User manual
Contents
1. 9R 59DS OPERATING MANUAL TRIO 9R 59DS TRIO ELECTRONICS INC makers of the finest professional testing equipment and com munication apparatus proudly presents the 9R 39DS a new de luxe receiver for today s amateur operator as well as discerning shortwave listener TRIO S most advanced engineering techniques and design are incorporated into this all purpose receiver which has many superior features found only in the most expensive communications equipment SPECIAL FEATURES 1 Main tuning and Band Spread readings are easily made on these easy to read separate dials The anti backlash mechanism is smooth and sure It provides close calibration ac curacy and makes tuning a real pleasure The receiver provides continuous coverage from 550 kHz to 30 MHz Band spread tuning with direct reading dial is available on amateur bands 3 Superb selectivity heretofore unattainable with ordinary IF Transformers is achieved through the use of a mechanical filter 10 11 12 LF AMPLIFIER SECTION De 7 SW 05 x2 Rectifier B L Figure 1 Block Diagram D2 D IN 60 SW 055 AVC Rectifier Unusually One RF and two audio stages of amplification ensure high sensitivity and selectivity stable operation is obtained through special design and shielding Clear SSB reception is achieved through the use of a Product Detector A large easy to read S meter provides ac c2. function switch At various positions this switch controls the functions of the receiver as follows OFF Turns off the AC power source to the receiver AM Receiver is set for reception of Amateur Bands broadcast band and short wave over seas broadcasts AM ANL Switch to this position when pulse type interference such as static or automobile ignition noise hampers reception SEND This switches off B voltage to the RF Amplifier stage and temporarily renders the receiver inoperative for transmission standby SSB CW Receiver is set for SSB and CW reception 2 BAND SELECTOR BAND SELECTOR SWITCH This is the Band Selector Switch which enables selection of four different bands at positions A B C and D 3 MAIN TUNING Main Tuning Knob This is the main tuning knob Dial calibration is accurate when the Band Spread indicator is set at 100 4 BAND SPREAD When Main tuning is set from A to E the Amateur Band is spread out over the entire face of the dial This permits extremely fine tuning 5 ANT TRIM Antenna Trimmer Adjust this knob for maximum deflection of the S meter while actually receiving a signal with the antenna connected to the receiver Be sure to readjust this trimmer for optimum reception whenever a band is changed 6 S METER The meter indicator swings in direct propor tion to signal intensity It rests at 0 to 1 when nothing is being received and there is no static
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4. 7 AF GAIN Volume Control Volume is increased when the knob is turned in a clockwise direction 8 RF GAIN Sensitivity Control Set this control at full clockwise direction for normal reception except when receiving especially strong local stations to prevent over loading 9 BFO FREQUENCY BFO Pitch Control Use this control when receiving CW or SSB stations 10 PHONES Headphone Jack Use this jack to switch out the speaker and receive through the headphones 6 DESCRIPTION OF REAR CHASSIS CONTROLS AND TERMINALS 11 ZERO ADJ S meter Zero Set Control Set this control so that the S Meter indicator reads 0 with the antenna left unconnected 12 A E TERMINALS These are the terminals for connecting the antenna and ground 13 REMOTE These are used when operating the receiver with any transmitter They are not used when the receiver alone is operated 14 OUTPUT Output terminals These are the audio output terminals available in 4 ohm and 8 ohm impedance matches Use the 8 ohm terminal when connecting the SP DD speaker 15 FUSE Be sure to replace a blown fuse with another rated at two amperes Avoid using wire or higher rating fuses to ensure protection of your re ceiver 16 AC LINE CORD INSTRUCTIONS 1 ZERO ADJUSTMENT OF S METER First bring the receiver into operating con dition Set the IF Gain control to maximum and short the Antenna and Ground Terminals A and E Adj
5. circuit which serves as an ideal filter because of its sharp selectivity and frequency resonance curve Details of the mechanical filter are shown in Figure 2 The IF stages to which AVC voltage is fed also ensure automatic volume control S METER CIRCUIT Adopted here is a stable system in which a bridge circuit is formed on the cathode side of the two IF amplifier tubes Gl of the first stage is grounded through a resistor but AVC voltage which is in direct ratio to signal intensity is applied to G1 of the second stage This results in imbalance between the two IF tubes and the resultant current flow is used to operate the S meter AVC CIRCUIT A half wave voltage doubler rectifier is used in the AVC circuit Its advantages are superb sensitivity to signal intensity fluctuations a completely independent AVC system which per mits operation during SSB reception and smooth adjustment of receiver gain It also enables receiver standby during transmission by feeding C bias to the AVC circuit from a remote terminal supply ANL CIRCUIT A silicon diode S 1 5 02 is used in an effective Automatic Noise limiter circuit Pulse type RF interferences cause a cut off of the diode operation resulting in elimination of audio noise at the diode output thus functioning as a very effective ANL circuit PRODUCT DETECTOR CIRCUIT Unlike AM detection SSB and CW detection requires the utilization of the nonlinear curve Although there a
6. ohm resistor between the coil and Gl is inserted to prevent over oscillation and parasitic oscillation at the maximum receivable frequency MIXER Pulling that is a change in Oscillator fre quency caused by tuning of the mixer grid cir cuit is normally a formidable problem en countered in SSB and CW reception This pro blem has been eliminated in this receiver by special attention to separate the oscillator and mixer circuits from any possibility of undesirable coupling A small capacitance is utilized to feed the oscillator signal to the mixer circuit More over an independent 6BE6 is used as a grid excited mixer to attain high conversion efficiency and low mixer tube noise The 150PF capacitor and the 1M ohm resistor leading to G3 achieves protection of the mixer tube against overload peaks AVC is not applied to this stage as the receiver is designed primarily for sensitivity and stability IF AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT The IF Amplifier circuit has two main func tions The first is the amplification of the inter mediate frequency signal and the second is to 3 separate closely adjacent signals The first func tion is achieved with two stages of 6BA6 amplifi cation while the second is achieved through the use of a mechanical filter The construction and operation of the mechan ical filter differs from ordinary LC operated IF transformers The IF input signal is first sent through a 455 kHz mechanical resonant
7. the circuit function A simple untuned circuit can be easily built into this receiver utilizing a 3 5 MHz crystal which all amateur operators have Crystals of any other frequency can also be used since the circuit is untuned and will assure oscillation over a wide frequency range A schematic diagram and the parts required are shown in Figure 4 Holes are already made in the chassis for the crystal and tube sockets 9g Cut lead with wire cutter E d N Solder E r Printed Boa Push lead down while melting solder Figure 5 How to remove condensers and resistors The auxiliary switch on the RF GAIN control can be used for the calibrator ON OFF switch After the circuit has been wired in insert a 3 000 kHz crystal and turn the switch on A strong unmodulated carrier will be heard when the receiver is tuned to 3 5 MHz This dial in dication is the 3 500 kHz point Since you can tune in the harmonics in the same manner at 7 0 MHz 14 0 MHz and 21 0 MHz you can thus ascertain accurate locations of the amateur bands You may also use crystals of any other fre quency for various other functions For ex ample the circuit will be handy for calibrating a test oscillator or VFO Also by inserting a 455 kHz crystal you will have a crystal con trolled BFO circuit 3 CHANGING THE LEGS By changing the legs the front panel height can be adjusted to provide a choice of two levels w
8. the dial cord If the above tests prove that all the circuits are working properly look for trouble in the RF or antenna circuit Remember that improper tracking alignment will result in considerable sensitivity loss and this can often lead to a mistaken analysis that miswiring or a defective part is at fault MAINTENANCE 1 REPLACING THE DIAL CORD When replacing a dial cord string it accord ing to the order shown in Figure 7 Always use a special radio dial cord for replacement pur poses 2 FUSE REPLACEMENT A 1 ampere glass tube fuse should be used in replacing a blown fuse The blown fuse can be removed by turning the fuse holder in a counter clockwise direction Before replacing a fuse always be sure to check for possible causes of failure and make repairs when necessary 3 PILOT LAMP Use a swan base type 8 volt pilot lamp for replacement purposes 4 REPLACEMENT OF RESISTORS Replacement of resistors can be made when necessary with one within plus or minus 10 in value of the original resistor For example a 330 ohm resistor can be replaced with one of 300 ohms if necessary without adversely af fecting receiver performance Main Dial Pulley Image Ratio dB Frequency MHz Figure 8 Image Ratio Characteristics Frequency MHz Figure 9 Selectivity Characteristics Curve SPECIFICATIONS FREQUENCY RANGES 550 160
9. 0 kHz 1 6 48 MHz 4 8 14 5 MHz 10 5 30 MHz BANDSPREAD Direct Reading on Ham Bands 3 5 MHz 80m 7MHz 40m 14 MHz 20m 21 MHz 15m 28 MHz 10m SENSITIVITY A B C BANDS Less than 6 dB for 10 dB S N ratio D BAND 13 MHz Less than 18 dB for 10 dB S N ratio 28 MHz Less than 10 dB for 10 dB S N ratio SELECTIVITY 5 kHzat 50 dB AUDIO POWER OUTPUT 1 5 watts POWER SUPPLY AC 110 120 220 240 V 50 60 Hz POWER CONSUMPTION 45 watts TUBES amp DIODES USED 6BA6 RF Amplifier 6BE6 Mixer 6AQ8 Oscillator 6BA6 I F Amplifier 1N60 Detector S 1 5 02 ANL S 1 5 02 1N60 AVC Ye 6AQ8 BFO lo 6AQS Audio Amplifier 6AQ5 Audio Power Output S 05 08 x 2 Rectifier 1N60 For S Meter RECOMMENDEDSPEAKER TYPE 4 or 8 ohm permanent magnet dynamic speaker requires no output transformer DIMENSIONS 77 H 15 W 10 D WEIGHT 18 8 lbs BUILT IN CIRCUITS Bandspread Automatic Noise Limiter ANL Automatic Volume Control AVC Head phone Jack 12 SQ6S u6 ger A CER AOZZ Tors S3NOHd MD 855 S 2 ON3S p ZHW O Gord B 8 INY WW E ZHW SHi8b 9 P AV 2 ZHN 8 b 91 8 A 330 YIMOS ZHX 0091 0SS y NG LLLLLL L _ JA NIVA _ aS DIS MS NOILONN JES DES MS ONVG L 2A Gvauds ONE A 9nd sn T T T O zz a ml l T WIL N LNY NAAA td WOVd Il T A E A eee A aw EEE es eee eee ee a O i 119 a OO
10. RECEIVER FAILS TO OPERATE When the receiver fails to operate trouble shooting should be carried out starting from the audio stage and proceeding toward the front end AUDIO STAGE CHECK A low hum should be heard when the end of the lead from the AF VR terminal of the printed board is touched indicating that the audio stage is working pro perly If nothing is heard check for defective tubes or an open output transformer IF STAGE CHECK Feed a modulated 455 kHz signal to the V2 mixer tube If the modulat ed signal is heard through the audio stage it means that the IF stage and thereafter are work ing properly Another way to check the IF stage is to touch the grid circuits with a screw driver A click response indicates it is working properly It should be noted that if the IF transformers are grossly misaligned no response will be heard even if there happens to be no miswiring or defective parts A frequent trouble is failure of the oscillator stage Failure to oscillate may occur on all bands or on just one single band In such a case locate the oscillator grid and the 22 K ohm resistor connected to it Insert a milliameter in series with the lead from this 22 K ohm resistor to the chassis No reading indicates the oscillator is not functioning More than 0 1 milliampere current flow indicates it is working properly Band Spread Pulley Rear view Spring a Revolution Turns Figure 7 How to string
11. desired SSB signal will assure smooth de modulation AF GAIN to extreme clockwise position The above settings should enable normal SSB reception However when difficulty is encoun tered in demodulation switch BFO and manipu late the BFO FREQUENCY control from LSB TO USB and vice versa This should be done only after you have ascertained that the desired SSB signal is accurately tuned in It should be remembered that any adjustment of the BFO FREQUENCY should be slight and limited only to improve upon delicate BAND SPREAD tuning 4 CW OPERATION The control settings for the reception of code signals are essentially the same as for SSB However there is no necessity of setting BFO to one position or another for certain bands Just adjust the BFO trimmer for desired pitch 5 ANT TRIM Antenna Trimmer This control enables optimum tracking on all bands that is it matches the receiver to the antenna at all frequencies Adjust ANT TRIM control for maximum deflection of the S meter after the desired signal has been tuned in AUXILIARY CIRCUITS WHICH MAY BE ADDED TO YOUR RECEIVER The following auxiliary circuits may be added to your receiver if so desired Parts are not included in this unit They must be purchased separately 1 ADDITION OF A VOLTAGE REGULATOR TUBE Although the plate voltage supply to the Oscillator BFO and Product Detector circuits are quite stable due to separation of the B suppl
12. fficient amplification for improved signal to noise ratio as well as good image ratio The 47 ohm resistor in the lead to G1 prevents os cillation and ensures stable RF amplification AVC voltage is parallel fed to the cathode bias of the controlled tubes the RF and IF amplifiers The main Gain Control also varies the bias of the receiver s front end AVC is not available for SSB and CW reception OSCILLATOR The performance stability of a receiver is determined to a great extent by the stableness of the local oscillator Thus a triode oscillator with low inter electrode capacity is utilized here in a Hartley circuit which is preferably used in all band receivers because of its stable oscilla tion over a wide frequency range Frequency drift is practically nil This is true even after the receiver has been left in standby position during transmission intervals of amateur communication as oscillation is maintained at Metal elinver To 800 ohm Matching Transformer Piezo Transducer Matching Transtormer Transducer SS Output j Coupler Soldered lead Figure 2 Mechanical Filter all times Another contributing factor is a new improved core in the oscillation coil A plate reaction coil is used to maintain stable oscillation in the range above 20 MHz at which high fre quencies oscillation instability is prone to be en countered with tapped coil oscillators due to loss in conversion gain The 68
13. hichever best suits your operating conditions These legs can be changed easily as follows The receiver is shipped equipped with the shorter 9 16 inch Hyzex legs Replacement 1 3 8 inch legs which are longer also come with the receiver as accessories 9 16 inch legs can be removed by turning them counterclockwise The longer replacement legs can then be attached by turning them clockwise 4 CATHODE FOLLOWER OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT Since the 14 6AQ8 in the local oscillator circuit has been left unused it may be interesting to use it as a cathode follower to feed the mixer The above are some auxiliary circuits which can be added to the receiver You may perhaps have other ideas for interesting experiments 5 TROUBLE SHOOTING When it is found necessary to replace a con denser or resistor mounted on the printed board care must be taken not to damage the circuit pattern Never attempt to pull them out force fully Cut off the leads with a wire cutter as shown in Figure 5 to remove them REVISING A PART OF THE PRINTED PATTERN When it is desired to revise part of a printed pattern do so as follows How to cut off a pattern path Use a razor blade and pressing it down firmly cut off the desired pattern path as shown in Figure 6 The path can be cut with one stroke When it is desired to join two paths solder a jumper lead across the paths Figure 6 How to cut away a printed pattern lead lO WHEN THE
14. re various detector circuit schemes to accomplish this adopted here is a 6BE6 product detector which has proved to be most efficient and widely used Mixing occurs within the 6BE6 between the SSB signal and the BFO carrier which are fed to its respective grids resulting in demodulation It is necessary that the BFO carrier frequency is identical to the suppression carrier frequency of the transmitter BFO CIRCUIT This circuit which enables SSB CW operation requires a very stable oscillator so a tuned grid type has been adopted BFO pitch is achieved through a front panel controlled midget variable condenser DETECTOR AND AUDIO AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT Detection is achieved by the use of a diode detector One half of a 6AQ8 is used for first stage audio amplification Second stage audio amplification is achieved by a 6AQ5 A decoupling circuit is used in the plate circuit to eliminate hum POWER OUTPUT AND RECTIFIER CIRCUIT A single 6AQ5 provides a maximum power output of 1 5 watts for speaker operation Full wave rectification in the power supply is achiev ed by the use of two silicon diodes The local oscillator B plus plate supply voltage is separated from the B plate supply to the IF and AF stages This minimizes fluctuation of the oscil lator plate voltage even when the IF stage B supply voltages may fluctuate over a wide range during adjustment of the RF Gain Control _ 4 TERMINAL CONNECTIONS 1 ANTENNA It is of
15. ten said that a good antenna is more effective than a single stage of RF amplification In a communications receiver especially the choice of the antenna determines whether you will get 100 performance from your receiver or not Begin therefore by erecting a good antenna a Inverted L antenna An Inverted L antenna is the easiest to erect and is quite effective not for any single band but generally for the entire short wave range of frequencies A 1 2 to 1 6 mm wire either twisted or solid will do and it should be erected as high as possible Each end of the antenna wire should be terminated by insulators and care should be taken to keep the lead in wire away from the roof or a tree Connect the lead in to terminal A and a good ground to terminal E b Doublet Antenna Most amateur radio stations use a single anten P Freq MHz gt BOC lt Insulator 8 10m 8 10m b Simple doublet antenna Figure 3 Erecting the Antenna na both for transmission and reception An efficient transmitting antenna may be considered a good receiving antenna Since the doublet antenna is also easy to erect it is in wide use among ham operators The overall length of a doublet antenna can be determined by using the following formula 468 L Length in feet _ _ ___ Length in feet Frequency in Mega Hertzes For example the overall length of a doublet antenna for use in
16. the 7 MHz amateur band would be as follows E 66 8 feet Since the overall length is 66 8 feet each element on both sides of the center insulator would be 33 4 feet A coaxial cable such as a 3C 2V is connected to the elements at the center and brought in to the receiver Fig 3 a shows such an antenna which is widely used Fig 3 b illustrates the simplest form of a doublet antenna which is made of a necessary Sect _ 13 _ F MHz c Folded Antenna t Maximum gain direction Antenna Element d Directional characteristic of a doublet length of a twin lead type vinyl chloride coated cord for electric lighting Fig 3 c shows a folded dipole type which can be made from a TV feeder It is light and provides a wider band coverage than an ordinary doublet Since the doublet antenna displays directional properties it should be oriented for maximum gain from the desired direction as shown in Fig 3 d 2 SPEAKER Use a permanent magnet dynamic speaker without a power transformer Connect it to the 8 or 4 ohm output terminals of the receiver depending on the impedance of the available speaker A 16 ohm speaker should be connected to the 8 ohm terminal Headphones should be connected to the 8 ohm terminal to disable the speaker 3 HEAD PHONES Although low impedance magnetic head phones are preferable other types can also be used DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS 1 FUNCTION
17. urate S readings at all times including during CW and SSB reception Pre mounted and pre aligned printed board circuits are utilized in the front end This permits successful kit form assembly even by beginners The ANL circuit Automatic Noise Limiter effectively limits interference from pulse type noise The receiver is equipped with a stand by switch enabling it to be used with any transmitter or it can be used alone for listening purposes A phone jack is provided so that the receiver may be operated late at night without dis turbing others n antenna trimmer ensures optimum sen sitivity on all bands DETECTOR AND AUDIO SECTION IL Product Detector Ds SW O5S Noise Limiter 13 Bandspread on the 3 5 MHz band covers the 500 kHz between 3 5 and 4 0 MHz enabling the use of this receiver in conjunction with a separate converter 14 A dial calibrating circuit can be readily added DESCRIPTION OF CIRCUITS As shown in Figure 1 the 9R 59DS is a 550 kHz 30 MHz continuous coverage super heterodyne receiver employing one stage of RF and two stages of Intermediate Frequency am plification The following is a simple explana tion of the various circuit functions and features RF AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT A remote cut off characteristic 6BA6 is em ployed in the RF amplifier stage In designing the RF tuning and amplifier circuit special em phasis was placed on obtaining good selectivity and su
18. ust the rear chassis ZERO ADJ control for O reading of the S meter 2 ORDINARY RECEPTION For ordinary medium or short wave reception the various front panel controls should be set as follows FUNCTION to AM BAND SELECTOR to the desired frequency band MAIN TUNING to receive desired broadcast Tune for Maximum deflection of the S Meter BAND SPREAD so that indicator reads 100 on the dial For short wave reception set the MAIN TUNING POINTER at a frequency a little higher than the desired one Then manipulate the BAND SPREAD knob for ease in tuning RF GAIN Sensitivity in accordance with strength of incoming signal Turning clock wise increases receiver sensitivity AF GAIN Volume Control for desired volume level AM ANL Noise Limiter when pulse type interference disturbs reception 3 FOR SSB RECEPTION Set controls as follows FUNCTION to SSB CW BFO FREQUENCY for 3 5 MHz to 7 MHz re ception set control to LSB position For 14 MHz and higher frequency range set control to USB For reception of commercial SSB stations always set control to LSB BAND SPREAD Tuning is the same as for AM However this knob should always be used for SSB tuning It should be turned slowly until the desired station comes into resonance which will result in smooth demodu lation RF GAIN Setting this control for the mini mum sensitivity required for the reception of a
19. y circuits a further improvement is pos sible through the addition of a Voltage Regulator Tube such as an OA2 VR 150 MT 150 Volt Type If it is inserted in the empty socket next to the Electrolytic condenser block on the chassis side it will light up with a faint purplish glow indicating that it is functioning as a voltage regulator If it fails to light look for a de fective tube or a miswired circuit if a kit was purchas ed An insufficient B plate voltage will also DC 3v CRYSTAL lt I00P INGO to RE CIRCUIT 22K 33MHz 1250733 IOP PARTS REQUIRED e CRYSTAL 3 500 MHz HC 6U TYPE e RESISTORS ko e SOCKET FOR CRYSTAL 22k x 2 TRANSISTOR 250733 e DIODE 1N60 b CONDENSERS Ceramic OluF F M 10P 100P 150P e FERRI INDUCTOR 3 3mH Figure 4 Transistorized crystal calibrator cause failure of a voltage regulator tube to function The stability of your receiver will further be improved by the use of a Voltage Regulator Tube 2 CALIBRATOR CIRCUIT A built in crystal calibrator circuit can be added to this receiver It can be useful during receiver alignment and also during its operation to check the accuracy of your dial readings at all times This of course will further enhance the reliability of your receiver and increase your pride in it Although a 100 kHz or 1 MHz crystal is normally used in built in crystal calibrator circuits other frequency crystals can be used depending on
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