Product User Manual - H-SAF
Contents
1. Ir Imagery Monthly Weather Review vol 103 11 p 1024 1026 ee Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite pales n P M 1 a Facies a H SAF Product User Manua i Issue Revision Index 1 1 tyler and Water Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 9 24 METEOSAT EUMETCast 4 j ore Land SAF SEVIRI pre processed images and snow cover SEVIRI pre processed Ws Pa fz z EUMETCast reception EUMETCast reception EUMETCast TSMS Snow detection in mountainous areas Figure 4 Conceptual architecture of the SN OBS 1 chain It is noted that the generation chain for flat forested areas developed and tested by FMI is actually run at the SAF for Land Surface Analysis LSA SAF in Portugal and data are disseminated by EUMETCast TSMS instead receives the SEVIRI image data via EUMETCast and performs the processing tuned to mountainous areas The TSMS data are delivered to FMI that implements the merging of the product according to the mask shown in Figure 5 Currently the products are held on the TSMS server mountainous areas and on the FMI and CNMCA servers both flat forested areas and merged Eventually only the merged product will be disseminated through EUMETCast ee Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 pa i Product User Manual PUM 10 rio a H SAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 Support to Operational P a Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 10 24 1 2 5 Product coverage and appearan2. e downscaling upscaling modelling from observed predicted fields to basin level e fusion of satellite derived measurements with data from radar and raingauge networks e assimilation of satellite derived products in hydrological models Te Seance ieee Pea Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie ro u C se r a n u a al G HSAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 iflogy ante Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 18 24 e assessment of the impact of the new satellite derived products on hydrological applications This document the PUM Product User Manual is concerned only with the satellite derived products The list of products to be generated by H SAF is shown in next table PR OBS 1 H 01 Precipitation rate at ground by MW conical scanners with indication of phase PR OBS 2 H 02 Precipitation rate at ground by MW cross track scanners with indication of phase PR OBS 3 H 03 Precipitation rate at ground by GEO IR supported by LEO MW PR OBS 4 4 04 Precipitation rate at ground by LEO MW supported by GEO IR with flag for phase PR OBS 5 H 05 Accumulated precipitation at ground by blended MW and IR PR OBS 6 Blended SEVIRI Convection area LEO MW Convective Precipitation PR ASS 1 4 06 Instantaneous and accumulated precipitation at ground computed by a NWP model SM OBS 2 H 08 Small scale surface soil moisture by radar scatterometer SM OBS 3 H 16 Large scale surface soil moisture by radar scatterometer SM DAS
3. assuming a defined dissemination mean The timeliness depends on the satellite transmission facilities the availability of acquisition stations the processing time required to generate the product and the reference dissemination means In the case of H SAF the future dissemination tool is EUMETCast but currently we refer to the availability on the FTP site For SN OBS 1 that results from multi temporal analysis disseminated at a fixed time of the day the time of observation may change pixel by pixel some pixel may have been cloud free early in the time window e g in the early morning thus up to 12 h old at the time of dissemination some very recently just before product dissemination in the late afternoon The average timeliness is therefore 6 6 h Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 haralar ar Wot Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 13 24 The EUMETSAT T e Product User Manual PUM 10 en ei H s AF 3 Product validation 3 1 Validation strategy Whereas the previous operational characteristics have been evaluated on the base of system considerations number of satellites their orbits access to the satellite and instrument features IFOV swath MTF and others the evaluation of accuracy requires validation i e comparison with the ground truth or with something assumed as true SN OBS 1 as any other H SAF product has been submitted to validation entrusted to a number of institutes
4. by EUMETSAT and the EUMETSAT SAF Data Policy applies They are available for all users free of charge Users should recognise the respective roles of EUMETSAT the H SAF Leading Entity and the H SAF Consortium when publishing results that are based on H SAF products EUMETSAT s ownership of and intellectual property rights into the SAF data and products is best safeguarded by simply displaying the words EUMETSAT under each of the SAF data and products shown in a publication or website Annex 3 AMSU Acronyms Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit on NOAA and MetOp AMSU A Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A on NOAA and MetOp AMSU B Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit B on NOAA up to 17 ATDD Algorithms Theoretical Definition Document AU Anadolu University in Turkey BfG Bundesanstalt f r Gewasserkunde in Germany CAF Central Application Facility of EUMETSAT CDOP Continuous Development Operations Phase CESBIO Centre d Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphere of CNRS in France CM SAF SAF on Climate Monitoring CNMCA Centro Nazionale di Meteorologia e Climatologia Aeronautica in Italy CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche of Italy CNRS Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique of France DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program DPC Dipartimento Protezione Civile of Italy EARS EUMETSAT Advanced Retransmission Service ECMWF European Centre for Medium range Weather Forecasts The EUMETSAT Network Sate
5. see next figure Germany BfG Figure 6 Structure of the Snow products validation team The accuracy of the snow detection product has been assessed by comparison with meteorological bulletins and in field measurements in properly equipped sites Detailed report of the product validation activity for product SN OBS 1 is provided as document e PVR 10 Product Validation Report for SN OBS 1 In this PUM 10 only summary results are provided mainly aiming at characterising the product quality under different geographical climatological conditions those in the countries of the participating validation Units 3 2 Summary of results Prototypes of SN OBS 1 have been available since winter 2006 2007 and validated by case studies The product has been regularly distributed starting from end 2007 for systematic validation The current release makes use of the Land SAF product available since April 2008 In next table the results from the last validation cycle winter 2009 2010 i e 1 October 2009 31 March 2010 are reported Comparisons are recorded separately for flat forested areas and mountainous areas Combined statistics of results averages weighed by the number of samples are provided for both flat forested and mountainous areas although this information mixing inhomogeneous situation is of doubtful use User requirements for snow detection have been stated in terms of POD and FAR Other auxiliary scores also are reported The tota
6. the nominal date of 1 January 2008 a substantial fraction of the products listed in Table 01 are released first as in development and then after as soon as some validation is performed as demonstrational e inthe next years the Hydrological validation programme builds up and grows At the end of CDOP1 all products should become operational or demonstrational Until the products are in the development status their distribution is limited to the so called beta users Demonstrational pre operational and operational products have open distribution Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 rvs clon Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 20 24 sete om Product User Manual PUM 10 G HSAF It is noted products can follow this schedule with different timeframes therefore the status of in development demonstrational pre operational and operational will apply differently to the different products Product coverage Figure of this section shows the required geographic coverage for H SAF products Se d h enk ee im bm nbl oa ee E L E I I I I 1 I F I I a i I I 1 I i I I I J m ier ee I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I si Figure 10 Required H SAF coverage 25 75 N lat 25 W 45 E This area is fully covered by the Meteosat image although the resolution sharply decreases at higher latitudes each 15 min For pol
7. 2 H 14 Liquid root zone soil water index by scatterometer assimilation in NWP model SN OBS 1 H 10 Snow detection snow mask by VIS IR radiometry SN OBS 2 H 11 Snow status dry wet by MW radiometry SN OBS 3 Effective snow cover by VIS IR radiometry SN OBS 4 H 13 Snow water equivalent by MW radiometry Table 8 H SAF Product List The work of precipitation products generation is shared in the H SAF Consortium as follows e Precipitation products pre fix PR are generated in Italy by the CNMCA in its premises at Pratica di Mare Rome e CNMCA also manages the Central Archive and the Data service e CNR develops and upgrades the algorithm Evolution of H SAF products One special requirement of the H SAF work plan was that the Hydrological validation programme that started downstream of products availability lasts for a sufficient time There was therefore a need to make available as soon as possible at least part of the products accepting that their status of consolidation was still incomplete the quality was not yet the best and the characterisation was still poor due to limited validation According to EUMETSAT definitions the status of development of a product is qualified as in next table The EUMETSAT Seacuerl M PUM 10 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite RoR ro u C S e r n z a s ve Zz H SAF ala Issue Revision Index 1 1 an Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 19 24 Products or software p
8. Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Product User Manual PUM 10 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 1 24 EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Support to Operational Hydrology and Water Management The EUMETSAT Network of Satellite Application Facilities H SAF Support to Operational Hydrology and Water Management Product User Manual PUM for product H10 SN OBS 1 Snow detection snow mask by VIS IR radiometry Reference Number SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Last Change 30 September 2011 Te E ee Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie ro u C se r a n u a al G HSAF Support to Operational Ww Issue Revision Index 1 1 oe Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 2 24 DOCUMENT CHANGE RECORD Baseline version prepared for ORR1 Part 2 16 05 2011 Obtained by PUM 10 delivered during the Development Phase 30 09 2011 Updates acknowledging ORR1 Part 2 review board recommendation Minor adjustments 16 01 2012 e Document reference number as PUM 10 instead of PUM e Document change record added Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 mya raver Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 3 24 The EUMETSAT ae Product User Manual PUM 10 G HSAF INDEX 1 Arodu q Reemee nnrane net oat ene trt NeneS ners coe ee ner retreat r eT A ee eee ee ere ee 5 1 1 POS co EIN CLOG NING eere
9. IFOV and 5 km sampling The observing cycle 15 min enables continuous monitoring of the cloud situation searching for time instants of cloud free conditions in a given time interval e g 24 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 mycin ard ware Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 6 24 sone nome Product User Manual PUM 10 G HSAF h However since short wave channels play an essential role in the retrieval algorithm the useful range of hours i e day light time depends on the time of year and location of observation The SN OBS 1 product for flat forested areas has been developed and integrated in the operational environment of FMI It has a long standing heritage over Scandinavia where it was extensively validated Over other European areas validation has started in late 2007 The product for mountainous areas has been developed by METU and thereafter transferred on the operational environment of TSMS in late 2007 Products have been available for validation starting from mid November 2007 The products from FMI and from TSMS both cover the full H SAF area but thereafter are merged at FMI by blending the information on flat forest areas from the FMI product and that one on mountainous areas from the TSMS product according to the mask shown in next figure Figure 1 Mask flat forested versus mountainous regions 1 2 2 Status of satellites and instruments The current status of Meteosat Seco
10. Microwave Imager on DMSP up to F 15 Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder on DMSP starting with S 16 Suomen ymp rist keskus Finnish Environment Institute the EUMETSAT Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite Application a S AF Product User Manual PUM 10 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Support to Operational e Product H10 SN OBS 1 Teg Equivalent Blackbody Temperature used for IR TKK Teknillinen korkeakoulu Helsinki University of Technology TMI TRMM Microwave Imager on TRMM TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission UKMO TSMS Turkish State Meteorological Service TU Wien Technische Universit t Wien in Austria U MARF Unified Meteorological Archive and Retrieval Facility UniFe University of Ferrara in Italy URD User Requirements Document UTC Universal Coordinated Time VIS Visible ZAMG Zentralanstalt f r Meteorologie und Geodynamik of Austria Date 30 09 2011 Page 24 24
11. NS oirasoedareesceascanet sarees soavtacoecadavesacans snes caneeasnrtuetsandusevancssueieiceseaucsantoenecedenis saan anmeaeae 13 POGUE AV OI OY so cere hensaterenaet ona scenes EE E elem niaaianod Gauidentena dace EA 14 4 1 SC o E O PE EA IE EA AN E E E E EA E E EAEE 14 4 2 FOMA UC SS a E EAEE EEEE E E E AEA EE 14 4 3 De DUONO NE EE ee a A E 14 Annex 1 SN OBS 1 Output description ccccsesecccossccesssecensvencusscceuseceesseceusseneueseneusscueuseseueseneueseneussens 16 Annex2 Introduction to H SA kiana resets ee vires tea rested an A E e iA aE A 16 Aner o ATON o r E A E EE EE E E T E ETNA 22 Te E ee Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie ro u C se r a n u a al G HSAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 iflogy ante Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 4 24 List of Tables Table 1 Current status of Meteosat Second Generation satellites as of March 2010 cccccccesesseeeeeeeees 6 Table 2 Main features of the SEVIRI instrument cccccceccceeececesececenecceesssceeecsceueceeeeceeeeeseeeseseueceseueceteneeeeens 6 Table 3 Comparison between H10 and H11 summary table cc ecccceessceeececeeecseeeeceeeeeeeeeeceseneceeeueseeeneeees 11 Table 4 Statistical scores for SN OBS 1 Winter 2009 2010 Threshold snow no snow for flat forested UG iss Ci CO CW atcesterecema eee eects E E E E 14 Table 5 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the CNMCA Site cccecccceeeesee
12. ackages that are in development and not yet available to In development ica Products or software packages that are provided to users without any commitment on the quality or availability of the service and have been considered by the relevant Steering Group to be useful to be disseminated in order to enabling users to test the product and to provide feedback Products or software packages with documented limitations that are able to satisfy Pre operational the majority of applicable requirements and or have been considered by the relevant Steering Group suitable for distribution to users Products or software packages with documented non relevant limitations that Operational largely satisfy the requirements applicable and or have been considered by the relevant Steering Group mature enough for distribution to users Table 9 Definition of the development status of a product according to EUMETSAT Demonstrational The need for early release of products to activate the Hydrological validation programme as soon as possible led to define a stepwise approach for H SAF products development This is shown in next figure __ Products Demonstration Pre Prototyp al nneraupna Special Limited Progressively Open Open T tian dietmihyptian Figure 9 Logic of the incremental development scheme The time reference for this work plan is as follows e after approximately 3 years from the start of the Project i e starting from
13. acs cciee conte ecaensieceeumtaunaenctiessaann asses eresueienepaa a teeanonsnaneteeeeess 5 1 2 introductionto product SN OBS I cesera 5 1 2 1 PEUN DIECIE E E e E E 5 1 2 2 Status of satellites and instruments eessessesssserserrrresrrresrrrresrreresrrressrereserressreresrrresrreresrrressne 6 1 2 3 Highlights of the algorit hiMiessessinn 7 1 2 4 Architecture of the products generation chain ssssssesssrsesesreresrrrsesrrreserereseeresererssreresereesseere 8 1 2 5 Product coverage and appearanCe sssssseesseessreesrerssrersrresrrresrersrressrresrerssressreesrersrreesrersrerne 10 1 3 Comparison between H10 SN OBS 1 and H11 SN OBS 2 eeeessseesessreresssrrrrresrrrrressrrrrresrrreres 11 2 Product operational characteristics cccccccssscccccsseccccesscceceesececceneccceeeeecessusececseeecesseeeceeseuecessuecessenas 11 2 1 Horizontal resolution and sampling sssessssessensssserssrrrssrrrresrrrresreressressseeresereessrereserersseeresereeeseeressre 11 2 2 Vertical resolution if applicable eseossssessensssrensssresesrrrssrreresrrressreressresssrrressrerssrereserereserreserersseeresene 11 2 3 Observing cycle and time sampling cccccccssseccccsecccceesececeesececceeceeseuseceeeuneceseueeceeseuecesseecesseges 12 LA VV ONES a E A ose see neauaute eae aceonateeoisant oeeniacetsseasssoieeodes 12 3 Produc valda UO oea S E aseentanneaeas 13 3 1 Ny NCCI OMS eC seit vtet Se ansswnccaduens T T T 13 3 2 SUEY Ol OS U
14. al Extraction Facility Data Centre Satellite Application Facilities SAFs CJ EUMETSAT HQ EUMETSAT HQ Figure 7 Conceptual scheme of the EUMETSAT Application Ground Segment Next figure reminds the current composition of the EUMETSAT SAF network in order of establishment e OSI SAF 03M SAF ee GRAS SAF LSA SAF Nowcasting amp Very Ozone amp Atmospheric i aasi Numerical Weather Operational Hydrology Short Range Forecasting Ocean and Sea Ice Chemistry Monitoring Climate Monitoring Prediction GRAS Meteorology Land Surface Analysis amp Water Management Figure 8 Current composition of the EUMETSAT SAF Network in order of establishment H SAF objectives and products The H SAF was established by the EUMETSAT Council on 3 July 2005 its Development Phase started on 1 September 2005 and ended on 31 August 2010 The SAF is now in its first Continuous Development and Operations Phase CDOP which started on 28 September 2010 and will end on 28 February 2012 The H SAF objectives are a to provide new satellite derived products from existing and future satellites with sufficient time and space resolution to satisfy the needs of operational hydrology identified products e precipitation e soil moisture e snow parameters b to perform independent validation of the usefulness of the new products for fighting against floods landslides avalanches and evaluating water resources the activity includes
15. ar satellites the area is covered by strips of swath approximately 1500 km conical scanners or 2200 km cross track scanners at about 100 min intervals Swaths intercepting the acquisition range of direct read out stations provide data in few minutes for swaths outside the acquisition range the delay may be several tens of minutes if the satellite instrument data are part of the EARS EUMETCast broadcast some hours otherwise e g by ftp The time resolution observing cycle is controlled by the number of satellites concurring to perform the observation and the instrument swath Data circulation and management Next figure shows the data circulation scheme in H SAF All products from the generating centres are concentrated at CNMCA except that certain can go directly to the user by dedicated links example GTS Global Telecommunication System connecting operational meteorological services From CNMCA the data are sent to EUMETSAT to be broadcast by EUMETCast in near real time ee eer rer Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 ele Zz ee SAF PEMA Tae a i Issue Revision Index 1 1 tyatoay ara Wok Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 21 24 SSOUMETSAT Figure 11 H SAF central archive and distribution facilities All data also go to the H SAF Archive where they can be accessed through the EUMETSAT Data Centre via a Client Therefore the H SAF products may be accessed e via EUMETCast in near real time primary access mode
16. ce Examples of SN OBS 1 products generated at FMI flat and forested areas at TSMS mountainous area and merged for the same day are here shown Meteosat projection No data Dark Water Bare ground Cloud Snow No data Dark Water Bare ground Cloud Snow No data Dark Water Bare ground Cloud Snow Merged product from FMI and TSMS Figure 5 Snow mask from SEVIRI Time composite maps from all observations in 24 hours from Meteosat 9 9 March 2010 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 The EUMETSAT Product User Manual PUM 10 i Network of Satelite Appication H SAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 Support to Operational i ald ald Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 11 24 1 3 Comparison between H10 SN OBS 1 and H11 SN OBS 2 This section present s a summary of accuracy and sampling limitations of H10 and H11 for short comparison between the two products The results here showed are obtained from the last validation cycle winter 2009 2010 i e 1 October 2009 31 March 2010 The score are presented as follows e POD Probability of Detection e FAR False Alarm Rate e CSI Critical Success Index needed to compare different POD FAR combinations e PODF Probability Of False Detection e ACC Fraction correct Accuracy e HSS Heidke Skill Score Scores refer only to non mountainous areas POD TO eS FAR csi ACC HSS Table 3 Comparison be
17. converted to ASCII and issue command cd SHSAF h10 FMI snobs1_hdf5_to_ascii_ FMI lt file_in H5 gt lt file_out txt gt where file_in H5 SN OBS 1a or SN OBS 1 HDF5 data file file_out txt filename to output the ASCII data For example snobs1 hdf5 to_ascii_ FMI h10 20080518 day _merged H5 h10 20080518 day_merged txt Processing multiple files Script is provided with the downloaded package for processing all the files in the current directory This script is installed in step 5 For example cd SHSAF H10 FMI snobs1_hdf5_to_ascii_FMI_all sh Annex 2 Introduction to H SAF The EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facilities H SAF is part of the distributed application ground segment of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites EUMETSAT The application ground segment consists of a Central Application Facility CAF and a network of eight Satellite Application Facilities SAFs dedicated to development and operational activities to provide satellite derived data to support specific user communities See next figure Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Product User Manual PUM 10 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Network of Satellite Application Facilities Support to Operational Management Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 17 24 EUM Geostationary ent EUM NOAA other data Systems Cooperation sources Data Processing Meteorological Products Archive amp Retriev
18. cover product generation at the Portuguese Meteorological Institute Unit 1 refers to production of instantaneous snow cover maps from 15 minutely imagery Unit 2 combines these 96 images from latest 24 hours to a single daily product which is available for use via EUMETCast the day after of the nominal date LSA SAF 2009a MSG SEVIRI radiance and brightness temperatures Land sea mask Land cover Elevation Derive snow cover Sun satellite viewing angles Land surface temperature Output data Snow cover at full temporal and spatial resolution SC at full temporal and spatial resolution for previous 24 h Output data Temporal Daily snow cover integration of map snow cover maps Figure 2 Flow chart of the Snow Recognition processing chain in flat and forested areas Next figure illustrates the flow chart of the SN OBS 1 processing chain at TSMS The EUMETSAT p d t U M PUM 10 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite EONA r r n z a s roche 2 H SAF ee ne Issue Revision Index 1 1 logy ena Weer Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 8 24 Raw Optical Satellite Images Preprocessing Step Y Y Converting Radiances Water Mask into Reflectances for VIS and NIR Bands Cloud Detection and Snow Recognition Model Through Multispectral Threshold Technique Binary Land pedel Cover Maps pees Cover Maps Cover Maps Figure 3 Flow chart of the Snow Recognition processing chain in mountainous reg
19. directory products only current data at least two months often more b Product from FMI on flat forested areas and merged product e URL ftp ftp fmi fi e directory HSAF e folder products all data from April 2008 up to date c Product from TSMS on mountainous areas e URL ftp hsaf meteoroloji gov tr e directory OUT all data from November 2007 up to date Quick looks of the last 3 days of SN OBS 1 maps can be viewed on the H SAF web site 4 2 Formats and codes Two type of files are provided for SN OBS 1 e the digital data coded in HDF5 e the image like maps coded in PNG The information to read the HDF5 is provided in the FMI site sub directory products folder utilities file snobs1_hdf5_to_ascii tar gz In addition the output description of SN OBS 1 is provided in Appendix 4 3 Description of the files In the three ftp sites the structure of the records is identical but the hierarchy is slightly different Next three tables respectively e summarises the instructions for accessing the data in the CNMCA site e refers to the FMI site e refers to the TSMS site The EUMETSAT peaduelt M l PUM 10 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite Pana r n z a s Ra H SAF E e ee Issue Revision Index 1 1 e a Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 15 24 is assword contact URL ftp ftp meteoam it contact Help it lo D k directory products folder h10 Desk K Product identif
20. e off line via the EUMETSAT Data Centre most common access mode for the scientific community It is noted that this scheme is valid only for pre operational and operational products For products in development disseminated to beta users only or demonstrational products the distribution ordinarily utilises the ftp servers of the product generation centres or the CNMCA server CNMCA also re disseminate the products generated in other centres therefore all products can be retrieved from the CNMCA server The ftp dissemination stream will continue to be active even after the EUMETCast dissemination becomes effective both for redundancy purpose and for users not equipped for EUMETCast reception The H SAF web site The address of the H SAF web site is http hsaf meteoam it The web site provides general public information on H SAF H SAF products description rolling information on the H SAF implementation status anarea for collecting updating information on the status of satellites and instruments used in H SAF anarea to collect Education and Training material anarea for forums on algorithms on validation campaigns etc indication of useful links specifically with other SAF s anarea for Frequently Asked Questions FAQ to alleviate the load on the Help desk The web site supports operations by providing daily schedule of H SAF product distribution administrative messages on changes of pr
21. eseeeeeeeeeeeees 15 Table 6 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the FMI Site ou cece ceecsceeecseeeseeeeeseeeeeeens 15 Table 7 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the TSMS Sit cccccceessceseseeeeecseeeseeeeeees 15 Table Se PO CS ea E E diunbiexoannsnoteiabeesiaivarteenimeteatoide 18 Table 9 Definition of the development status of a product according to EUMETSAT ccccceeeseeeeeseeeeeeens 19 List of Figures Figure 1 Mask flat forested Versus MOUNTAINOUS regions ssseesssssssessessssssssssesssesssssesesesseseeesseseeseseeeeeeeess 6 Figure 2 Flow chart of the Snow Recognition processing chain in flat and forested areas sesser 7 Figure 3 Flow chart of the Snow Recognition processing chain in MOUNTAINOUS FEBiONS cccceesececeeeeeeeeeees 8 Figure 4 Conceptual architecture of the SN OBS 1 Chain cccccccccssssececcceeseecececeesececeeeaeseceessuaasecesseuaaeeeeeeaas 9 Figure 5 Snow mask from SEVIRI Time composite maps from all observations in 24 hours from Meteosat SRA NAC Wha WO rains tans EE ean ian deinen toi E EE A E hes adeantences dotacane E A A 10 Figure 6 Structure of the Snow products Validation team cccccsssssccccceeseseccccseseccceseueseceeessaaeeceeseuaeeeeeeeas 13 Figure 8 Current composition of the EUMETSAT SAF Network in order of establishment essnee 17 Figure 7 Conceptual scheme of the EUMETSAT Application Ground Segment cccsseececee
22. ier h10 h10 cur _ mon data Folders under h10 h10_cur_mon_png h10_yyyymmdd_day_FMI H5 SOSSE h10 cur _mon data h10_yyyymmdd_day_merged H5 digital data Files description fio cu monon h10_yyyymmdd_day_FMI png E h10_yyyymmdd_day_merged png yyyymmdd year month day day indicates that the product results from multi temporal analysis over 24 hours in daylight Table 5 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the CNMCA site ia username contact password contact Helo l l l URL ftp ftp fmi fi Help Desk directory HSAF folder products h10 h10_yyyymm_data digital data monthly packages Product identifier h10 hi0_yyyymm_images image data monthly packages Fol h10 h10_yyyymm_data digital data monthly packages _ olders under h10 h10_ merged hi0_yyyymm_data digital data monthly packages hi0_yyyymm_images image data monthly packages h10 h10_ mm_data h10_ mmdd_day_FMI H5 digital data eyed hi0_yyyymm_images hi0_yyyymmdd_day_FMI ong image data Files description hi0_yyyymm_data hi0O_yyyymmdd day merged H5 digital data hi0_merged hi0_yyyymm_images hi0_yyyymmdd_day_merged png image data yyyymm year month yyyymmdd year month day day indicates that the product results from multi temporal analysis over 24 hours in daylight Table 6 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the FMI site oo R username contact password contact URL ftp hsaf meteoroloji gov tr Help Desk Help Desk di
23. ions The SEVIRI channels at 0 64 1 6 3 9 and 10 8 um were selected for the snow recognition algorithm and most important cloud discrimination The 0 64 um channel is most suitable to detect clouds because of their high reflectance Channels in this spectral region are commonly used for cloud detection e g Rossow and Garder 1993 Compared to the reflectivity of snow the reflectivity of clouds is substantially higher at 1 6 um The 10 8 um channel is suitable for detecting clouds due to their temperature which is generally lower than the temperature of the surface beneath Distinguishing low clouds from cold surfaces with the same temperature is very difficult when using only thermal information around 10 8 um Ernst 1975 For this task IR 3 9 provides an important additional information at daytime as well as at night time Comparing the algorithms for flat forested and mountainous areas it is noted that the second better exploits multispectral features Corrections for sun zenith angle are applied Atmospheric corrections are not applied 1 2 4 Architecture of the products generation chain The architecture of the SN OBS 1 product generation chain is shown in next figure t Rossow W B and L C Garder 1993 Cloud Detection Using Satellite Measurements of Infrared and Visible Radiances for ISCCP Journal of Climate vol 6 12 p 2341 2369 Ernst J A 1975 Fog and Stratus Invisible in Meteorological Satellite Infrared
24. ity in Turkey Laboratoire Atmospheres Milieux Observations Spatiales of CNRS in France Low Earth Orbit SAF on Land Surface Analysis Local Satellite Time if referred to time or Land Surface Temperature if referred to temperature National Meteorological Service of France Middle East Technical University in Turkey Microwave Humidity Sounder on NOAA 18 and 19 and on MetOp Meteosat Second Generation Meteosat 8 9 10 11 Meteosat Visible and Infra Red Imager on Meteosat up to 7 Micro Wave Net Radiation National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services National Meteorological Administration of Romania National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Agency and satellite SAF in support to Nowcasting amp Very Short Range Forecasting Numerical Weather Prediction SAF on Numerical Weather Prediction SAF on Ozone and Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring Hungarian Meteorological Service Operations Readiness Review SAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Probability Density Function Pilot Evaluation of High Resolution Precipitation Products Picture element Passive Micro Wave Project Plan Precipitation Radar on TRMM Product User Manual Product Validation Report Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium alternative of IRM Rain Rate Rapid Update Satellite Application Facility Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infra Red Imager on Meteosat from 8 onwards Slovak Hydro Meteorological Institute Special Sensor
25. l list is as follows for more information see PVR 10 e POD Probability of Detection e FAR False Alarm Rate e CSI Critical Success Index needed to compare different POD FAR combinations e PODF Probability Of False Detection e ACC Fraction correct Accuracy e HSS Heidke Skill Score Non mountainous areas Mountainous areas IRM FMI BfG IMWM METU Total IRM FMI BfG IMWM METU Total _ N samples 612 5803 207711 6205 0 220331 0 0 18760 2661 1221 22642 _ ost oso 075 080 75 0 60 055 0 93 oeo The EUMETSAT radu M PUM 10 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie r r n z a s roe H SAF ee ee Issue Revision Index 1 1 Management Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 14 24 ACC 097 0 90 0 86 0 82 086 061 0 59 0 91 0 62 _ HSS 07a 079 0 72 061 072 005 0 20 081 0 14 Table 4 Statistical scores for SN OBS 1 Winter 2009 2010 Threshold snow no snow for flat forested areas 1 cm depth 4 Product availability 4 1 Sites SN OBS 1 will be available via EUMETCast when authorized and via FTP after log in Currently SN OBS 1 is available on the following FTP sites to obtain user and password please contact the Help Desk a Product from FMI on flat forested areas and merged product e URL ftp ftp meteoam it to obtain user and password please contact the Help Desk e
26. llite Application Facilities EDC EUM EUMETCast EUMETSAT FMI FTP GEO GRAS SAF HDF HRV H SAF IDL IFOV IMWM IPF IPWG IR IRM ISAC ITU LATMOS LEO LSA SAF LST M t o France METU MHS MSG MVIRI MW NEAT NESDIS NMA NOAA NWC SAF NWP NWP SAF O3M SAF OMSZ ORR OSI SAF PDF PEHRPP Pixel PMW PP PR PUM PVR RMI RR RU SAF SEVIRI SHMU SSM I SSMIS SYKE HSAF Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Product User Manual PUM 10 Support to Operational Hydrology and Water Management Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 23 24 EUMETSAT Data Centre previously known as U MARF Short for EUMETSAT EUMETSAT s Broadcast System for Environmental Data European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites Finnish Meteorological Institute File Transfer Protocol Geostationary Earth Orbit SAF on GRAS Meteorology Hierarchical Data Format High Resolution Visible one SEVIRI channel SAF on Support to Operational Hydrology and Water Management Interactive Data Language Instantaneous Field Of View Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Poland Institut fur Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung of TU Wien in Austria International Precipitation Working Group Infra Red Institut Royal M t orologique of Belgium alternative of RMI Istituto di Scienze dell Atmosfera e del Clima of CNR Italy istanbul Technical Univers
27. nd Generation satellites is shown in next table Instrument used in H SAF Meteosat 8 MSG 1 28 Aug 2002 expected gt 2015 SEVIRI not used for SN OBS 1 Meteosat 9 MSG 2 21 Dec 2005 expected gt 2019 0 Operational SEVIRI Table 1 Current status of Meteosat Second Generation satellites as of March 2010 Next figure collects the main features of the SEVIRI instrument SEVIRI Spinning Enhanced Visible Infra Red Imager Satellites Meteosat 8 Meteosat 9 Meteosat 10 Meteosat 11 i e Meteosat Second Generation Operational Utilised in the period 2002 to 2021 Multi purpose imagery and wind derivation by tracking clouds and water vapour features Multi purpose imaging VIS IR radiometer 12 channels 11 narrow bandwidth 1 high resolution broad bandwidth VIS Resolution s s p 4 8 km IFOV 3 km sampling for narrow channels 1 4 km IFOV 1 km sampling for broad VIS channel Mass 260 kg Power 150 W Data rate 3 26 Mbps Table 2 Main features of the SEVIRI instrument Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 The EUMETSAT Product User Manual PUM 10 i Network of SoesteAppicatin H SAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 Support to Operational pee Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 7 24 1 2 3 Highlights of the algorithm The baseline algorithm for SN OBS 1 processing is described in ATDD 10 Only essential elements are highlighted here Next figure shows the flowchart of Land SAF snow
28. o provides common information on Objectives and products Evolution of H SAF products User service and Guide to the Products User Manual Although reasonably self standing the PUM s rely on other documents for further details Specifically e ATDD Algorithms Theoretical Definition Document for extensive details on the algorithms only highlighted here e PVR Product Validation Report for full recount of the validation activity both the evolution and the latest results These documents are structured as this PUM i e one document for each product They can be retrieved from the CNMCA site on HSAF web page at User Documents session On the same site to obtain user and password please contact the Help Desk it is interesting to consult although not closely connected to this PUM the full reporting on hydrological validation experiments impact studies e HVR Hydrological Validation Report spread in 10 Parts first one on requirements tools and models then 8 each one for one participating country and a last Part with overall statements on the impact of H SAF products in Hydrology 1 2 Introduction to product SN OBS 1 1 2 1 Principle of sensing Product SN OBS 1 Snow detection snow mask by VIS IR radiometry is based on multi channel analysis of the SEVIRI instrument onboard Meteosat satellites The SEVIRI IFOV at nadir is 4 8 km and sampling is performed at 3 km intervals These figures degrade over Europe to 8 km
29. oduct version new algorithms etc Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Issue Revision Index 1 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 22 24 The EUMETSAT Network of Satellite Application Facilities Product User Manual PUM 10 Support to Operational Ww pier doe Product H10 SN OBS 1 The web site contains some basic H SAF documents the ATDD Algorithms Theoretical Definition Document this Product User Manual However most working documents REP 3 Report of the Products Validation Programme REP 4 Report of the Hydrological Validation Programme etc programmatic documents PP Project Plan URD User Requirements Documents etc and engineering documents are to be found in the CNMCA ftp server restricted access see later for the URL The User Support For any question that cannot be solved by consulting the web site users have two different possibilities To send an email through the Contact Us functionality of the web site in charge of forwarding the request to an help desk This functionality is also available to unregistered users To compose a specific question request to the help desk available only to registered users in this case the user should specify in the Subject one of the following codes MAN management PRE precipitation SOM soil moisture SNO snow HYD hydrology ARC archive GEN general Condition for use of H SAF products All H SAF products are owned
30. rectory OUT Product identifier h10 YYYY folders of files from previous years and months Folders under h10 daily files of current month h10_yyyymmdd_day_TSMS H5 digital data YYYY year internally months JANUARY FEBRUARY etc yyyymmdd year month day day indicates that the product results from multi temporal analysis over 24 hours in daylight Table 7 Summary instructions for accessing SN OBS 1 data at the TSMS site Te E ee Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie ro u C se r a n u a al G HSAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 syccegy ond Waler Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 16 24 Annex 1 SN OBS 1 Output description How to read H10_merged HDF5 files based on Land SAF and TSMS products and to convert them to ASCII 1 You need HDF5 development libraries freely available from http hdf ncsa uiuc edu HDF5 2 C compiler tested with gcc versions 3 2 3 4 1 3 and 4 3 2 3 Download snobsi_hdf5 to_ascii_FMl tar gz from ftp ftp fmi fi 4 Uncompress the source code and compile the program with tar xzvf snobs1_hdf5_to_ascii_FMI tar gz cd snobs1_hdf5_to_ascii_FMI gcc Wall Ihdf5 o snobs1_hdf5_to ascii _FMI c 5 Install by typing install sh and follow the instructions The path where the program is installed has to be in or added to the users SPATH which tells where the operating system searches for executable programs Usage Change to the directory with the data wanted to be
31. rward reasonably independent information The vertical resolution descends from the exploited remote sensing principle and the instrument number of Te Seance ieee Pea Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 Satellite adie ro u C se r a n u a al H SAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 iflogy ante Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 12 24 channels or spectral resolution It is difficult to be estimated a priori it is generally evaluated a posteriori by means of the validation activity The only product in H SAF that provide profiles below surface is SM ASS 1 Volumetric soil moisture roots region by scatterometer assimilation in NWP model 2 3 Observing cycle and time sampling The observing cycle At is defined as the average time interval between two measurements over the same area In general the area is for GEO the disk visible from the satellite for LEO the Globe In the case of H SAF we refer to the European area shown in Figure 10 In the case of LEO the observing cycle depends on the instrument swath and the number of satellites carrying the addressed instrument For product SN OBS 1 SEVIRI images are available at 15 min intervals However in order to collect as many cloud free pixels as possible multi temporal analysis over 24 hours is performed Thus the observing cycle is At 24h 2 4 Timeliness The timeliness is defined as the time between observation taking and product available at the user site
32. seceeeeseeeeteeeeeeees 17 Figure 9 Logic of the incremental development SCHEME ccccccsssssecccceessecceccaessececcssuuseceeeeauaseeeessaaeeeeeeeas 19 Figure 10 Required H SAF coverage 25 75 N lat 25 W 45 F eecccccccsssssccceceeseceeceseeseceeeeeeuecessseaeeeeeeeas 20 Figure 11 H SAF central archive and distribution FacilitieS cccccecccccsssececeesececceescceseeseceseuaeceseeeeceeeeneeeeeas 21 Doc No SAF HSAF PUM 10 1 1 The EUMETSAT Product User Manual PUM 10 i Network of Satelite Appication a H SAF Issue Revision Index 1 1 Support to Operational e a Product H10 SN OBS 1 Date 30 09 2011 Page 5 24 1 Introduction 1 1 Purpose of the document Product User Manuals are available for each pre operational H SAF product for open users and also for demonstrational products as necessary for beta users Each PUM contains e Product introduction principle of sensing Satellites utilized Instrument s description Highlights of the algorithm Architecture of the products generation chain Product coverage and appearance e Main product operational characteristics Horizontal resolution and sampling Observing cycle and time sampling Timeliness e Overview of the product validation activity Validation strategy Global statistics Product characterisation e Basic information on product availability Access modes Description of the code Description of the file structure An annex als
33. tween H10 and H11 summary table 2 Product operational characteristics 2 1 Horizontal resolution and sampling The horizontal resolution Ax is the convolution of several features sampling distance degree of independence of the information relative to nearby samples To simplify matters it is generally agreed to refer to the sampling distance between two successive product values assuming that they carry forward reasonably independent information The horizontal resolution descends from the instrument Instantaneous Field of View FOV sampling distance pixel Modulation Transfer Function MTF and number of pixels to co process for filtering out disturbing factors e g clouds or improving accuracy It may be appropriate to specify both the resolution Ax associated to independent information and the sampling distance useful to minimise aliasing problems when data have to undertake resampling e g for co registration with other data In SEVIRI the IFOV at the s s p is 4 8 km that degrades moving away At average European coordinates becomes 8 km and the 3 km sampling rate becomes 5 km To simplify matters we quote as resolution Ax 8 km Sampling is made at 0 05 intervals i e 5 km close to the pixel size over Europe 2 2 Vertical resolution if applicable The vertical resolution Az also is defined by referring to the vertical sampling distance between two successive product values assuming that they carry fo
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