USER GUIDE TO OPERATING CODE A Report for PPC
Contents
1. gt does not agree schedule TO Revises Reauirements Figure 14 Overview of procedure for transmission Outage Maintenance part 1 ESB INTERNATIONAL 34 TO judges alternatives are feasible TO judges alternatives are infeasible TO Proposes Alternatives TO proposed alternatives A not acceptable TO propose alternatives A TO Accept Figure 14 part 2 Overview of procedure for transmission Outage Maintenance ESB INTERNATIONAL nera 35 15 2 Contents of Operating Code OC9 OC9 1 Introduction OC9 2 Objective OC9 3 Scope OC9 4 Outage scheduling OC9 5 Changes to the committed transmission outage schedule CTOS within the implementation year OC9 6 Other information to be notified 15 3 Other Documents referenced e Transmission Planning Criteria Es eese 5 ESB INTERNATIONAL 36 16 OC10 MONITORING TESTING AND INVESTIGATION 16 1 Description As part of its responsibilities in respect of the safe secure and economic operation of the transmission system and in respect of generation dispatch the HTSO will need to carry out certain monitoring testing and investigation in respect of the performance of users plant The primary objective of OC10 is to establish procedures for testing that users are operating within their desi2. Dispatch SDC3 Special Scheduling Provisions x amp X X X X 14 xX lt Glossary amp X amp amp X X X amp X amp amp amp X amp amp X lt ESB INTERNATIONAL n 3 GLOSSARY It is fundamental to the implementation of the Operating Code that there is a common understanding of all terminology used To achieve this the Glossary is included as an important section of the Operating Code that clearly and unambiguously defines all the important terms of the Operating Code For clarity terms that are defined in the Glossary section of the Operating Code are in bold typeface throughout the Code Where the Glossary refers to any word or term that is more particularly defined in a part of the Operating Code the definition in that part of the Operating Code will prevail over the definition in the Glossary in the event of any inconsistency ESB INTERNATIONAL 4 GC GENERAL CONDITIONS 41 Description While each individual code in the Operating Code contains the rules and provisions relating specifically to that code there are provisions of more general nature which need to be included in the Operating Code Such provisions are included in a section entitled General Conditions These General Conditions GC ensure that the various sections of the Operating Code form a cohesive document for the successful operation of the transmission system and for the
3. Bl ee ee TE Then Ff es UE IE E lomo arma OC 11 8 3 4 Approval for OPERATIONALLY OPerational Test AFFECTED USERS _ ASSeSS impact appeal to HTSO if unacceptable HE Re HH s Hs B H E s HH B E n HH n E HR Figure 23 Summary of processes when HTSO rejects test proposal ESB INTERNATIONAL 49 18 OC12 EMERGENCY CONTROL AND POWER SYSTEM RESTORATION 18 1 Description Normal operation of the transmission system by the HTSO is in accordance with the principles and procedures as set out in the Operating Code and other authorisation obligations However there may be emergency situations when security of the transmission system is subject to abnormal levels of risk e g during major lightning storms OC12 provides for specific procedures to address such situations In extreme cases electricity supply systems have suffered partial or total shutdown Collapses can result from a number of root causes for example due to a high number of plant failures generation and or transmission from severe weather conditions and or maloperation of protection systems It is therefore necessary in the Operating Code to provide for procedures to deal with a partial or total shutdown of the transmission system and to ensure that the necessary procedures and facilities are in place to support rapid re establi
4. Introduction Figure 16 Procedure for scheduling Test at User s site OC10 5 6 Testing Dispatch instruction OC10 3 Scope OC10 2 Objective OC10 1 Introduction Figure 17 Non compliance with dispatch instruction Figure 18 Procedure for investigation 17 OC11 OPERATIONAL TESTING 17 1 Description OC11 deals with the responsibilities and procedures for arranging and carrying out operational tests that may have an effect on the systems of the HTSO and users The primary objective of OC11 is to establish procedures for central co ordination and control of an operational test reguired by the HTSO or a user where such test will or may Affect the secure operation of the transmission system Have a significant effect on the operation of the transmission system or a user s system e Affect the economic operation of the transmission system or a user s system Affect the quality or continuity of supply of electricity to users Examples of operational tests that a generator may wish to carry out are e Load rejection tests Simulated overspeed tests Examples of operational tests that the 5 may wish to carry out are Tests involving the controlled application of Frequency and or Voltage variations aimed at gathering information on Power System behaviour Power System Restoration Tests e Testing of standing procedures for System Emergency Conditions and Alert conditions and Testing or monitoring
5. Operational Test Assess if operationally affected users have reasonable grounds for rejection of eh i aC E Bie a EE n EI s E EF s E E n E ee EET FE ee 51 ee PE FE n Ele EG T s ET 801 SIT BT EE ES ee ES EE ee ee FE Edna B 11 8 3 4 Approval for OPERATIONALLY Operational Test AFFECTED USERS Assess impact Reject appeal to HTSO if unacceptable Man EE HE Rm s HH Rm HE TEL EI Be E E E Bee DR ET EE es E __ FE oes E 6 zs E E Bs EU Pn ena Fm E El IE Hem 18 mu IB Das T Figure 22 mar by Operationally Affected Users LOK wera ess Gen INTERNATIONAL 48 TEST PROPOSER 1 OC 11 8 4 Approval for resubmit as i Bud RUE Figure 19 mend proposal or appeal to i E B HH B EH B D L Ho HH o BNR B Ro HUD UU HS UD HUU UU So UDD EN NS RHI EU i FE FE a E a Appeal to RAE OC 11 8 4 Approval Reject from Fig 19 Reject Test 11 8 3 4 Approval for Operational Test amp Assess if operationally affected users have Yes Proposer reasonable grounds for rejection of proposed test M n
6. Operational Test Reject Discuss alternative with HTSO Accept or reject proposed dispatch procedure amp schedule for test OC 11 8 4 Approval for Operational Test Amend proposal or appeal to RAE Mn HB Dj HD HE Re RN Accept Grom OC 11 8 3 A ea 8 3 Approval Figure 195 for Operational Test Send proposed dispatch procedure and schedule for test to test proposer and operationally affected Amend and resubmit as in Figure 19 Appeal to RAE users anan ls sl ms ns B ns ER n BI I OPERATIONALLY AFFECTED USERS Figure 21 Procedure when Test Proposer rejects schedule and dispatch of HTSO ESB INTERNATIONAL cose iz 47 TEST PROPOSER I I Amend and OC 11 8 4 Approval for resubmit as in MN DH aie feud mend proposal or appeal to Accept S OC 11 8 3 Approval from Fig 4 for Operational Test OC 11 8 3 3 5 Send proposed Approval for amp dispatch procedure Operational Test Notify operationally affected users of acceptance by test proposer and schedule for test HTSO to test proposer and operationally affected users OC 11 8 4 Approval Reject Test amp notify Test Proposer OC 11 8 3 4 Approval for
7. be affected by demand control exercised by the network operator The contractual arrangements of suppliers with their Customers may accordingly need to reflect this This will have to reflect any relevant provisions of the energy market It will be necessary to define certain customers e g hospitals emergency services etc who are exempt from demand control and to ensure that the physical arrangements necessary to effect this exemption are in place 11 2 Contents of Operating Code OC1 OC5 1 Introduction OC5 2 Objective OC5 3 Scope OC5 4 Procedure for the implementation of demand control on the instructions of the HTSO OC5 5 Automatic low frequency demand disconnection OC5 6 Automatic demand restoration OC5 7 Automatic low voltage demand disconnection OC5 8 Exemptions from demand control 11 3 Other documents referenced Rota Load Shedding Plan ESB INTERNATIONAL 22 Demand Control HTSO Instructed Automatic Low Automatic Low Demand Freguency Demand Voltage Demand Control Disconnection Disconnection OC5 4 OC5 5 OC5 7 Rota Load Alternative Automatic Shedding Plan Plan Frequency If sufficient If insufficient Restoration notice notice OC5 6 Figure 7 _ Summary of Demand Control gt 24 hours notice Figure 8 Demand Control ESB INTERNATIONAL 23 12 OC6 SYSTEM SERVICES 12 1 Description OC6 describes the system services reguired on the transmission system and defines the standard of servi
8. benefit of the HTSO and all users These conditions provide a set of principles governing the status and development of the Operating Code and related issues The reguirement for the HTSO to establish and maintain the Operating Code Review Panel OCRP is included in the General Conditions The General Conditions also address the procedure for dealing with Operating Code revision reguests It is acknowledged that some existing generation plant or sections of the transmission system will in part or in whole be unable to comply with some of the minimum standards specified in the Operating Code This may be either because the plant system was designed to different standards or because of deterioration over time against design specification The General Conditions provide for applications for derogation from the Operating Code rather than reguiring modification to the plant to meet the current minimum standards in many cases to do so would be technically infeasible The RAE will be responsible for approval of derogation reguests and derogation reviews It is envisaged that the HTSO would have a duty to implement and comply with the Operating Code as approved by the Minister of Development In order to fulfil its duty to implement the Operating Code the HTSO may in certain cases need access across the HTSO user boundaries or may need services and or facilities from users It is hoped that these cases would be exceptional and it is not therefor
9. establishes procedures whereby the necessary information is made available to the HTSO SDCI also specifies the procedures to be followed by the HTSO when issuing a generation schedule for the trading day and the responsibility to issue a demand forecast The objectives of SDC1 are to provide generators with indicative dispatch levels for the following day so that units will be available in the correct time scale to enable the HTSO to dispatch them pursuant to SDC2 whilst maintaining the operating margin and the desired flows on the interconnectors Any changes to the market rules will impact on SDC1 and require appropriate revision Figure 25 gives an overview of the scheduling process 20 2 Contents of SDC1 SDC1 1 Introduction SDC1 2 Objectives SDC1 3 Scope SDC1 4 Demand forecast SDC1 5 Declarations by generators SDC1 6 Daily nominations SDC1 7 Communication of declarations SDC1 8 Communication of daily nominations SDC1 9 Available transfer capability ATC for the interconnector SDC1 10 Production of generation schedule GS SDC1 11 Procedure to be followed in the absence of a daily nomination 20 3 Other documents referenced Power Exchange Code ESB INTERNATIONAL nera Sess AAKE 53 SDC1 4 The HTSO publishes demand forecast for next dispatch day by 11 00 HTSO informs generator by 12 30 SDC1 10 The HTSO issues provisional running orders and publishes forecast system marginal price for
10. manage the day to day operation of the interconnector for the purpose of trade across the interconnector between Greece and neighbouring systems Arrangements such as reserve sharing and mutual power system restoration agreements are more appropriately dealt with in bilateral agreements between the HTSO and neighbouring system operators SDCI and SDC2 address scheduling and dispatch of energy across the interconnectors provides and overview of OC7 13 2 Contents of Operating Code OC7 OC7 1 Introduction OC7 2 Objective OC7 3 Scope OC7 4 Available transfer capacity ATC determination and posting OC7 5 User access and trading OC7 6 Interchange schedule 13 3 Other documents referenced Power Exchange Code The HTSO Statement of Charges and Payments ESB INTERNATIONAL 27 D 2 Figure 10 Overview of Interconnector Management ESB INTERNATIONAL D 1 User follows 29 14 OC8 GENERATOR MAINTENANCE SCHEDULING 14 1 Commentary Timely notification of scheduled generation outages is necessary to permit the HTSO to finalise the transmission outage programme prior to the implementation timeframe The HTSO should approve the proposed outage schedule from a security standpoint and during implementation of the outage programme there will be an obligation on generators to endeavour to move outages in response to unscheduled events such as other generator outages or transmission outages There is a need to deve
11. the reduction of demand This may be necessary in the event of available generating plant and transfers from external interconnections being insufficient to meet demand or in the event of plant breakdown or operating problems Provision will be made for e Customer Demand reduction instructed by the HTSO e Automatic low Frequency Demand Disconnection e Automatic low Voltage Demand Disconnection e Automatic Demand Restoration Demand control is exercised through operation of the network or of the transmission system in the case of transmission connected customers In general when performed demand control will be based on the physical organisation of the total system and not on any contractual arrangements that may exist Where demand control is needed in a particular area the HTSO would not know which supplier or combination of suppliers to contact to effect the demand controls required This is because of the diversity of contracts that may be held by customers in a region However there may be cases where customers have made explicit contracts that entitle them to a lower tariff in return for a higher risk of disconnection This will be reflected on the settings applied at the customer s plant Therefore in most instances demand control will be exercisable by the network operator Suppliers should note however that although implementation of demand control in respect of their customers may not be exercisable by them their customers may
12. Confidential USER GUIDE TO OPERATING CODE A Report for PPC ESB INTERNATIONAL eLDK eeee AAK TABLE OF CONTENTS ESB INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Operating Code defines the technical rules for licensed users to access the transmission system and establish the responsibilities and operational procedures for the Hellenic Transmission System Operator HTSO to perform its authorised role The Operating Code is a large document and this User Guide provides an overview of the different sections illustrating some of the key features by means of flow charts Some background information outlining the purpose of the Operating Code its relation to other documents such as licenses and agreements the need for operation and test procedures to give effect to the Operating Code is first presented The structure of the Operating Code is then discussed and a brief guide to the key issues of each section of the Operating Code is presented The main sections of the Operating Code are summarised as follows Glossary GC General conditions PC Planning code CC Connection conditions OCI Safety co ordination OC2 Information exchange OC3 Metering code OC4 Demand forecasts OC5 Demand control OC6 System services Interconnector management OCS Generator maintenance scheduling OC9 Transmission maintenance scheduling OC10 Monitoring testing and investigation OC11 Operational testing OC12 Emerge
13. SO e g where total generation capacity from units on a single site is less than 5MW In some sections of the transmission system deemed in the sole opinion of the HTSO to be critical the threshold capacity to gualify as a small scale generator may be reduced to 2MW This code OC13 replaces some of the other sections with which such small scale generators would not be reguired to comply and OC13 also indicates the clauses of the remaining sections that are relevant for all generators regardless of size An example of this is OC8 Generator Maintenance Scheduling The HTSO needs information regarding seasonal load factors and running patterns from a small wind generator for example but does not need the level of detail reguested in 8 19 2 Contents of Code OC13 The items included in OC13 are OC13 1 Introduction OC13 2 Objective OC13 3 Scope OC13 4 Outage scheduling OC13 5 Changes to the committed outage programme within the implementation time frame OC13 6 Other information to be notified OC13 7 Network control 19 3 Other documents referenced Connection Agreement e Operation Agreement ESB INTERNATIONAL nera Sees AAKE 92 20 SDC1 GENERATION SCHEDULING 20 1 Description In order for the HTSO to fulfil its obligations with respect to the scheduling and dispatch of generators the HTSO reguire timely and accurate information relating to generation and supply arrangements SDC1
14. Summary In order to match generation with demand for electricity it is necessary to undertake forecasting of real and reactive power demand This enables the HTSO to fulfil its obligation to engage in effective production planning thereby ensuring the real time security of the system and the provision of accurate indicative information to generators To fulfil this role it is necessary for the HTSO to receive information from other parties The HTSO may request profiles of active and reactive power demand and demand control as well as distribution embedded generation on an hourly and Grid Supply Point basis from the network operator and suppliers This forecast information is required in different timescales as summarised in Table 2 The HTSO also reguires information in the Post Control Phase data for the previous dispatch day for forecasting purposes Information reguired includes e Profiles of Demand reduction from the network operator Suppliers and Grid Connected Customers e Details from network operator regarding output of embedded generation plant e Demand for reactive and active power across the interconnectors The HTSO may also request MW and MVAr information for the previous schedule day from any Generator Pumped storage units are treated as negative generation when pumping rather than as demand in order to provide more flexibility to the HTSO to operate the system It is not the intention of OC4 to place additional overhea
15. ating margin Ta on r a 27 ESB INTERNATIONAL 24 OC6 6 1 Introduction OC6 6 2 Objective OC6 6 3 Constituents of operating margin OC6 6 4 Definitions associated with an operating reserve incident OC6 6 5 Operating margin policy OC6 6 6 X Responsibilities of the HTSO in respect of operating reserve OC6 7 Black start OC6 7 Introduction OC6 7 2 Objective OC6 7 3 Requirements of Black Start Stations 12 3 Other documents referenced Connection Agreement Operating Agreement Ancillary Services Agreements nena Sses Wag ESB INTERNATIONAL 25 Primary Secondary Control Actions Network Switching De energisation of Users Transmission Plant Outages Primary Secondary Tertiary Op Reserve Contingency Reserve Replacement Reserve Figure9 Summary of System Services ESB INTERNATIONAL 13 MANAGEMENT 13 1 Description It is considered that normal operation of the transmission system by the HTSO is in accordance with the principles and procedures as set out in the Operating Code and other authorisation obligations OC7 addresses the operational reguirements of interconnections with respect to system security and defines certain rights obligations and procedures in respect of trading across the interconnections between Greece and neighbouring utilities The primary objective of OC7 is to
16. ce reguired from providers System services refers to the services essential to the proper and stable functioning of the power system in addition to the provision of electrical energy These services include but are not limited to e Frequency Control e Voltage Control e Network Control e Operating Margin e Power system restoration In order to ensure secure operation the HTSO will have control over all system services i e the HTSO will specify what system services are to be provided when and by whom Generator authorisations include a provision reguiring generators to offer reasonable terms for the provision of system services including operating reserve and reactive power 12 2 Contents of Operating Code OC6 OC6 1 Introduction OC6 2 Scope OC6 3 Freguency control OC6 3 1 Introduction OC6 3 2 Objective OC6 3 3 Description of frequency control OC6 3 4 Requirements of generation unit governor systems OC6 3 5 Automatic Generator Control AGC OC6 4 Voltage control OC6 4 1 Introduction OC6 4 2 Objective OC6 4 3 Description of voltage control OC6 4 4 X Voltage control policy OC6 4 5 X Methods utilised in exercising voltage control OC6 4 6 Emergency or exceptional voltage control OC6 5 Network control OC6 5 Introduction OC6 5 2 Objective OC6 5 3 Network control actions OC6 5 4 Notification to users of network control OC6 5 5 Control under fault or emergency conditions OC6 5 6 De energisation of users by the HTSO OC6 6 Oper
17. ditions Power Quality Tests ESB INTERNATIONAL 44 TEST PROPOSER OPERATIONALLY AFFECTED USERS OC 11 8 Approval for Operational Test Reject or accept To Figure 20 To Figure 20 45 TEST PROPOSER Accept from Fig 19 HTSO Reject from Fig 198 OC11 8 3 1 1 11 8 3 Roc OC11 11 OC 11 8 3 3 Test Approval for proposed dispatch of acceptance OC 11 8 3 Approval for Operational 11 8 3 3 Send proposed Approval for Appeal to RAE dispatch procedure and schedule for test Tum to test proposer and 5 operationally OC 11 8 4 operationally affected users affected users of acceptance by test proposer Approval OC 11 8 3 4 Approval for Operational Test Assess if operationally affected users Reject Test amp notify Test Proposer OC 11 8 3 4 OPERATIONALLY Approval for AFFECTED USERS Operational Test Assess impact appeal to HTSO if unacceptable Figure 20 flowchart part 2 ESB INTERNATIONAL Operational mm Approval a Reporting Operational Test Test P Sendto Discuss alternative Accept or reject Notify HTSO HTSO with HTSO procedure amp OC 11 8 4 Approval for schedule for test Operational Test Amend proposal or appeal to RA OC 11 8 3 3 Approval for TEST OC11 8 3 1 Approval Operational Test PROPOSER 3 for
18. documents include planning standards such as transmission planning criteria and operating policy documents on issues including transmission system security power guality transmission system emergencies operational communications transmission system connected eguipment dispatch outage co ordination and interconnection Other policy documents may cover issues including environmental safety and confidentiality matters These standards and policies are separate as a matter for the HTSO but the information in some cases will be available to the public since it relates to market operation and the Operating Code Similarly detailed procedures which give effect to what is in the Operating Code are separate from the Code These detailed procedures include operating procedures such as action during a capacity deficiency emergency operations load forecasting reactive power reserve policy transmission ESB INTERNATIONAL system restoration and transmission operations and test procedures such as testing compliance with registered generation unit operating characteristics and ancillary service capabilities compliance with Operating Code system tests Legislation Other documentation Figure 1 Hierarchy of Documents 2 3 Governance The Operating Code is approved by the Minister of Development and similarly all modifications updates and derogation reguests need to be also approved by the Minister of Development The sect
19. ds upon users of the transmission system Data obtained to the satisfaction of the HTSO through the metering and settlement process or information provided to the HTSO under other sections of the Operating Code may reduce some of the requirements placed upon users in OC4 For example some information in respect of centrally dispatched embedded generators or non centrally dispatched generators over a minimum threshold size will be provided under the Scheduling and Dispatch Code SDC1 Generation Scheduling It is intended that there is no unnecessary duplication but that all information needs are adequately addressed The HTSO will be required to publish demand forecasts perhaps in a range of time scales including the Programming Phase 1 week down to 1 day ahead of real time and the Control Phase 1 day ahead down to real time The HTSO will consider multiple factors including user information when conducting load forecasts The requirements in this area including the means and timing of publication should be reviewed when the HTSO s responsibilities in this area are clarified The code avoids making interconnected network operators subservient to the Operating Code of the Greek power system 10 2 Contents of Operating Code OC4 OC4 1 Introduction OC4 2 Objectives OC4 3 Scope OC4 4 Data required by the HTSO in the operational planning phase ESB INTERNATIONAL OC4 5 Data reguired by the HTSO in the programming phase control
20. e possible to envisage precisely or comprehensively what the HTSO might reasonably reguire in order to put it in a position to be able to carry out its duty to implement the Operating Code in these circumstances Accordingly the General Conditions reguire all users not only to abide by the letter and spirit of the Operating Code but also to provide the HTSO with such rights of access services and facilities as provided for in appropriate agreements and to comply with such instructions as the HTSO may reasonably reguire in implementing the Operating Code The General Conditions address exceptional circumstances that may arise which the provisions of the other sections of the Operating Code have not foreseen It would be intended that the HTSO would to the extent reasonably practicable in the circumstances consult promptly and in good faith all affected users in an effort to reach agreement as to what should be done The General Conditions reguire the HTSO to act reasonably and in accordance with Prudent Utility Practice in all circumstances In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Operating Code and any contract agreement or arrangement between the HTSO and a user the provisions of the Operating Code shall prevail unless the Operating Code expressly provides otherwise The General Conditions also provide that if any part of the Operating Code should be found to be unlawful or partially invalid for any reason the validity of a
21. e HTSO by users or in the event of minimum demand conditions HTSO will endeavour to reschedule of generators to alleviate any subseguent problems Rescheduling will be done taking into consideration the daily offers submitted by the generators and the integrity of the transmission system The process for issuing instructions pursuant to SDC3 shall be in accordance with the provisions of SDCI and SDC2 The provisions of SDC3 do not in any circumstances supersede the provisions in SDC1 and SDC2 Figure 27 and summarise the processes for generators with irrigation constraints and generators with hydro generation units that they wish to be considered as a single group for dispatch purposes by the HTSO 22 2 Contents of SDC3 SDC3 1 Introduction SDC3 2 Objectives SDC3 3 Scope SDC3 4 Data and process SDC3 5 Congestion relief SDC3 6 Irrigation constraints SDC3 7 Hydro dispatch groups SDC3 8 Minimum demand SDC3 9 Priority dispatch for renewable generators SDC3 10 Priority dispatch for indigenous generation unit nera n AAR ESB INTERNATIONAL 57 IRRIGATION CONSTRAINTS Schedule and dispatch SDC1 amp SDC2 Figure 27 Irrigation constraints HYDRO DISPATCH GROUP CONSTRAINTS Schedule and dispatch SDC1 amp SDC2 Figure 28 Hydro Dispatch Group Constraints ESB INTERNATIONAL nera Sees 4 era AAKE uS 58 23 CONCLUSION The sections of the Operating Code that d
22. e is not intended to describe aspects of market operation or the rules for trading and settlement which are contained in the Power Exchange Code For the purposes of this document a user is any party that impacts on the operation of the transmission system and will include transmission connected generators distribution embedded generators network operators transmission connected customers and interconnected systems It is necessary to clearly specify these rules as they may result in significant financial and technical implications for users 2 2 Relation of Operating Code to other documents It is essential that the Operating Code is consistent with other key documents including authorisations the Power Exchange Code HTSO network operator agreements and Ancillary Services agreements The HTSO authorisation and user authorisations take precedence over the Operating Code if there is inconsistency between the conditions therein In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Operating Code and any other contracts agreements or arrangements between the HTSO and a user the provisions of the Operating Code shall prevail unless the Operating Code expressly provides otherwise The Operating Code sets out in broad terms the rules governing operation maintenance and development of the transmission system The Operating Code will refer to separate documents that are not part of the Operating Code itself as illustrated in Figure 1 These
23. e of information at the interface CC15 Responsibility for safety CC16 Commissioning and notification 6 3 Other documents referenced Connection Agreement PPC Safety Rules ESB INTERNATIONAL CONNECTION CONDITIONS Transmission System Performance HTSO CC 8 HTSO Figure 4 Overview of Connection Conditions ESB INTERNATIONAL ra 9b wera 7 SAFETY CO ORDINATION 71 Description In order to adeguately maintain test operate and repair damage to plant and or apparatus resulting from faults it will be necessary for personnel to work on or in close proximity to transmission system plant and apparatus or in close proximity to user s plant and apparatus It will also be necessary for users and or their agents to similarly work on or in close proximity to user s plant and apparatus which is capable of being connected to the transmission system and from time to time to work in close proximity to transmission system plant and apparatus The objective of OC1 is to establish the requirement on HTSO or their agents and users or their agents to operate in accordance with approved safety rules It is assumed that PPC s safety rules will be the default for all parties However it is possible that another party will be allowed by the HTSO to use their own safety rules provided that it can be demonstrated that these comply with all relevant international and national legislative reguirem
24. each dispatch hour of next dispatch day SDC1 10 The HTSO produces schedule between 13 00 and 16 00 for next dispatch day Figure 25 Overview of Generator Scheduling 54 21 SDC2 GENERATION DISPATCHING 21 1 Description In order for the HTSO to meet its authorisation obligations with respect to scheduling and dispatch of generation such that available generation is matched to demand it is necessary to have a structured process of dispatch for all users that may be reguired to respond to instructions from the HTSO SDC2 details the process whereby the HTSO uses the generation schedule and data provided by users to decide upon which generation to dispatch SDC2 also outlines procedures to be followed by the HTSO and users when communicating on the dispatch instructions It should be noted that OC2 specifies information exchange reguirements and procedures between the HTSO and generators The appendix to SDC2 gives the form of words to be used when issuing a dispatch instruction The overall structure of SDC2 is summarised in 21 2 Contents of SDC2 SDC2 1 Introduction SDC2 2 Objective SDC2 3 Scope SDC2 4 Data and process SDC2 5 Dispatch instruction to generators SDC2 6 Generation synchronising and de synchronising times SDC2 7 Generator active power dispatch SDC2 8 Generator reactive power dispatch SDC2 9 Generator operating mode dispatch SDC2 10 System alerts SDC2 11 System emergency conditions SDC2 12 Failure to c
25. efine the technical rules for licensed users to access the transmission system operated by the HTSO have been presented The Operating Code relates to other documents including authorisations the Power Exchange Code agreements between the HTSO and network operators agreements with interconnected system operators etc A number of documents are also needed to implement the provisions of the Operating Code These include operational policies and procedures test procedures and operational and planning standards The Operating Code is a technical document and does not address commercial issues such as penalties for non performance of generators violation of dispatch instructions failure to meet ancillary service reguirements etc These are dealt with in the Power Exchange Code ancillary service agreements connection agreements and other agreements sees n AAKE ESB INTERNATIONAL 59
26. ents and relevant industry standards This is necessary to ensure safe working conditions for personnel working on or in close proximity to transmission system electrical plant and apparatus or personnel who may have to work at or use the eguipment at the interface Interconnected systems may have their own sets of safety rules and it should be demonstrated that these comply with all relevant international legislative reguirements and relevant industry standards 7 2 Contents of Operating Code OC1 OCI 1 Introduction OC1 2 Objective OC1 3 Scope OC1 4 The safety rules OCI 5 Safety at the interface 7 3 Other documents referenced PPC Safety Rules ESB INTERNATIONAL 8 OC2 INFORMATION EXCHANGE 81 Description The objective of OC2 is to provide for the exchange of information so that the implications of an operation and or an event can be considered This facilitates possible risks arising to be assessed and appropriate action to be taken by the relevant person in order to assist in maintaining the integrity of the power system The general procedures for all forms of communication of operational information between the HTSO and users are also described However pre connection communication is dealt with in the Connection Conditions and is not discussed in this code Similarly data relating to commercial energy metering is specifically not covered by OC2 8 2 Contents of Operating Code OC2 OC2 1 Notification of events and
27. event reporting OC2 1 1 Introduction OC2 1 2 Objective OC2 1 3 Scope OC2 1 4 Requirement to notify OC2 1 5 Notification of an operation OC2 1 6 Form of notification of an operation OC2 1 7 Recording of an operation OC2 1 8 Timing in respect of an operation OC2 1 9 Notification of events OC2 1 10 Form of notification of an event OC2 1 11 Provision of further information OC2 1 12 Recording of an event OC2 1 13 Timing in respect of an event OC2 2 Operational communication and data retention OC2 2 1 Introduction OC2 2 2 Objective OC2 2 3 Scope OC2 2 4 Contact locations OC2 2 5 Communication facilities OC2 2 6 Communication between the HTSO and the user OC2 2 7 Data and notices OC2 2 8 retention 8 3 Other documents referenced Connection Agreement L D K reb i es 7 ESB INTERNATIONAL Figure 5 Overview of Information Exchange OC2 INFORMATION EXCHANGE HTSO OC2 2 4 1 HTSO ESB INTERNATIONAL 9 OC3 METERING CODE 91 Introduction This code sets out the minimum standards for the measurement and recording of metered quantities of electricity for the purposes of electricity trading in Greece from the establishment of the competitive electricity market in February 2001 as further defined in the Power Exchange Code For settlement purposes the quantities of electricity MWh and MVArh exported or imported at each defined metering point must be measured and recorded thr
28. gn operating and connection requirements Thus the HTSO can ensure compliance with the Operating Code connection agreements ancillary services agreements and system support agreements between users and the HTSO It is required that detailed procedures and systems are prepared and agreed to underpin monitoring testing and assessment of compliance These procedures will be separate to the Operating Code Ancillary Service and other bilateral agreements will address test procedures for performance assessment in more detail Performance penalties may apply in the event of non compliance of a generator to a dispatch instruction declared ancillary services declared operating reserve or declared operating characteristics Suppliers are included in the scope of OC10 and although they may not be monitored tested etc directly the effects of their actions shall be e g Demand control activities If tests involve interconnected parties these should be enforced through placing obligations on the HTSO to put the necessary procedures in place The principle behind this is to avoid making ESOs subject to Greek Operating Code OC10 does not apply to operational tests which may be required by the HTSO or by users Such operational tests may include tests to monitor system behaviour during low voltage conditions and power system restoration test The procedures by which such operational tests are notified approved executed and reported are covered under
29. ied 14 3 Other documents referenced Power Exchange Code e Ancillary Services Agreements System Support Agreements Generator Outage Programme Years 1 5 Figure 11 Overview of generation outage programme Generator accept Generator has reasonable case for declining request conditions conditions 2 o 8 a I HTSO does not Figure 12 Change request to COP by the HTSO ESB INTERNATIONAL 31 Generator prepares new proposal for change to COP Capacity adeguacy not OK oc x 5 O 5 gt o o ess 5 85 Generator o 8 oo takes forced 5 outage for unit COP not amended Amend COP Figure 13 Change request to COP by Generator ESB INTERNATIONAL 32 15 OC9 TRANSMISSION MAINTENANCE SCHEDULING 15 1 Introduction The HTSO shall be obliged to schedule maintenance of transmission plant to fulfil its obligations under its authorisation relating to secure operation of the transmission system The agreement between the HTSO and the transmission owner Transmission Control Agreement will have to address issues such as definition of transmission maintenance requirements scheduling and consequence of changes to the transmission maintenance programme Transmission maintenance scheduling in the Greek deregulated electricity market will be facilitated by three separate documents referred to directly or indirectly in the Opera
30. ions of the Operating Code are Glossary GC General conditions CC Connection conditions PC Planning code Safety co ordination OC2 Information exchange ESB INTERNATIONAL neva 2595 8 ix Wag OC3 Metering code OC4 Demand forecasts OC5 Demand control OC6 System services OC7 Interconnector management OCS Generator maintenance scheduling OC9 Transmission maintenance scheduling OC10 Monitoring testing and investigation OC11 Operational testing OC12 Emergency control and power system restoration OC13 Small scale generator conditions SDC1 Generation scheduling SDC2 Generation dispatching SDC3 Special scheduling provisions Table 1 Scope of Operating Code Transmission Owner PPC Network Operator Small Scale Generators Special Units External System Operator GC General Conditions Conditions OC2 Information Exchange u OC3 Metering Code OC4 Demand Forecasts OC5 Demand Control OC6 System Services OC7 Interconnector Management OC8 Generator Maintenance Scheduling OC9 Transmission Maintenance Scheduling OC10 Monitoring Testing and Investigation OC11 Operational Testing OC12 Emergency Control amp Power System Restoration OC13 Small Scale Generator Conditions lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt amp SDC1 Generator Scheduling 0 2
31. lanning code also envisages that a user may be provided with a connection that exceeds standards in certain circumstances This is anticipated in the case of for example some large industrial loads that have critical processes reguiring a high continuity of supply In this event a higher standard supply may be provided if it is technically reasonable to do so and subject to agreement of terms 5 2 Contents of Planning Code PC1 Introduction PC2 Objectives PC3 Scope PC4 Planning procedures for connection PC5 System planning PC6 Data PC7 Planning standards ESB INTERNATIONAL PC8 Validation and verification of data 5 3 Other documents referenced e Transmission Planning Criteria e Forecast Statement Connection Agreement Interconnector Agreement ESB INTERNATIONAL HTSO publishes Forecast Statement and Use of system Tariffs HTSO sends Connection Offer to User HTSO reguests more HTSO carries out data from User further analyses Complex Connection HTSO sends revised Connection Offer to User accepts offe before Connection Offer Expiry date Yes Figure 3 Overview of Planning Code ESB INTERNATIONAL nera sees is AAKE Wu 11 6 CC CONNECTION CONDITIONS 61 Description To protect the transmission system and all apparatus connected to it it is necessary that certain minimum technical design and operational criteria are met by users plant and appa
32. ll remaining provisions of the Operating Code would not be affected ESB INTERNATIONAL 4 22 Contents of General Conditions GC1 Introduction GC2 Objective GC3 Scope GC4 Purpose GC5 Operating Code Review Panel GC6 Operating Code revisions GC7 Operating Code interpretation 8 Derogation GC9 Plant failures GC10 Assistance in implementation Unforeseen circumstances GC12 Hierarchy GC13 Ownership of plant and or apparatus GC14 System control GC15 Illegality and partial invalidity GC16 Standards If proposed revision accepted Minister notifies HTSO amp Users at least 14 business days before publication of revision in Official Gazette Operating Code revision published in Official Gazette Figure2 _ Procedure for revising Operating Code ESB INTERNATIONAL 5 PLANNING CODE 51 Description Development of the transmission system involving its reinforcement or extension becomes necessary for a number of reasons including demand growth development or extension of a user system or the introduction of a new connection site The time reguired for the planning and development of the transmission system will depend upon the type and extent of the necessary reinforcement and or extension work and the time reguired for obtaining necessary authorisations The planning code provides for the HTSO user interaction in respect of any proposed development on the user system that may impact on the perf
33. lop mechanisms to resolve conflicts should any arise in the scheduling of generator outages so that capacity adequacy is maintained OCS is based on the assumption that HTSO may impose a solution It is expected that the HTSO will play a role in providing incentives to generators to adhere to the agreed outage programme in the context of ongoing developments to market rules The HTSO will require mechanisms to ensure system security such as the moving of generator outages This may take the form of negotiated bilateral contracts between the HTSO and generators This may be necessary for example following the unscheduled outage of another item of plant line or generator For generators in constrained regions e g the south of Greece where there may be problems with voltage control special negotiated contracts between the HTSO and generators may provide terms for these arrangements The HTSO will also require a mechanism s to acquire ancillary services to support power system operation The HTSO will approve the committed outage programme COP from a security standpoint and during implementation of the COP there will be an obligation on Generators to endeavour to move outages in response to unscheduled events such as other Generator outages or transmission outages If after the COP has been finalised a Generator wishes to move away from a scheduled outage then the HTSO upon notification will endeavour to facilitate the requested change I
34. n the event that this does not adversely affect system security nor require rescheduling of other outages the COP will be amended accordingly and the generator will be granted firm financial access to the transmission system This is outlined in Figure 13 In the event that this requires rescheduling of other outages the HTSO upon notification will contact the other users affected and endeavour to facilitate the requested change The COP will be amended accordingly if possible and the generator will be granted firm financial access to the transmission system In the event that this adversely effects system security the COP will not be amended accordingly and the generator will not be granted firm financial access to the transmission system during the time period for which the unit s was were scheduled out OCS currently provides for issuing of an availability forecast a demand forecast and a capacity adequacy indicator for each day during the programming phase This may be revised at a future date to provision of an availability forecast a demand forecast and a capacity adequacy indicator for each hour 14 2 Contents of Operating Code OC8 OC8 1 Introduction nera 2595 9 ix AAKE 2 ESB INTERNATIONAL 30 OC8 2 Objective OC8 3 Scope OC8 4 Outage scheduling OC8 5 Assessment of capacity adequacy OCS 6 Changes to the committed outage programme within the implementation time frame OC8 7 Other information to be notif
35. ncy control and power system restoration OC13 Small scale generator conditions SDCI Generation scheduling SDC2 Generation dispatching SDC3 Special scheduling provisions This user guide will outline some of the relevant assumptions made in preparation of the Operating Code A glossary forms part of the Operating Code and unambiguously defines important terms used in the code ESB INTERNATIONAL 1 DISCLAIMER The User Guide to the Operating Code is not part of the Operating Code per se but is intended to outline some of the assumptions considered and issues arising in preparation of the relevant sections of the Code This guide is only intended to give an overview of the Operating Code Great care has been exercised to ensure that the guide gives an accurate reflection of the Operating Code Nevertheless readers should be aware that in the event of any discrepancies between this guide and the Operating Code the Operating Code shall prevail 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 2 1 Purpose The Operating Code is a document critical to the operation of the power system in a liberalised market environment It is fundamentally a technical document containing the rules governing the operation maintenance and development of the transmission system and co ordination of the actions of all users of the transmission system It is envisaged that it will give all users an understanding of the rules and provide for eguitable treatment of all users The Operating Cod
36. nsmission maintenance schedule This is developed by the HTSO in consultation with the transmission owner It will give a specific outage time date and duration for specific eguipment e g Breaker XYZ will be on outage from 0700hrs Monday week 23 to 1700hrs Friday week 26 The maintenance schedule will try to balance the reguirements of the transmission asset owner to maintain his asset and preserve its integrity and hence the overall long term reliability of the transmission system with the short term security requirements of the transmission system In the event of a dispute with respect to the transmission schedule the RAE will be called to arbitrate Following the production of the maintenance schedule the actual maintenance work will be carried out by the transmission owner Maintenance work will be subject to audit by the HTSO OC9 details a scheme whereby indicative provisional and committed programmes and schedules are produced by various parties 3 2 and 1 years ahead of the maintenance year respectively A graphical representation of the iterations and consultation the committed program and schedule go through is shown in Figure 14 hind p ESB INTERNATIONAL 33 Arbitration possible following first iteration TO Submits Maintenance Programme Requirements Disagree Agree Feasible Schedule Available Yes TO Review Schedule No TO agrees schedule
37. of Power Quality under various Power System conditions and Dispatch configurations Scheduling and dispatch of tests are done in accordance with SDC1 and SDC2 Figure 19 hnd 20 summarise the processes in OC11 Figure 21 is a subsection of Figure 20 and highlights the relevant parts of OC11 when the test proposer rejects the proposed schedule and dispatch of HTSO Figure 22 is also a subsection of Figure 20 illustrates the role of other users in OC11 when test is proposed by a user that will have an operational effect on them Finally Figure 23 outlines what happens when the HTSO rejects a test proposal 17 2 Contents of Operating Code OC11 OC11 1 Introduction OC11 2 Objective OC11 3 Scope OC11 4 Tests required by the HTSO OC11 5 Tests required by users 11 6 Procedure for reguesting operational tests OC11 7 Evaluation of proposed operational tests OC11 8 Approval for operational testing 11 9 Scheduling of operational tests OC11 10 Dispatching of operational tests Es ir zm ten i ESB INTERNATIONAL sees n AAKE 43 OC11 11 Test reporting OC11 12 Disputes 17 3 Other documents referenced Ancillary Services Agreement Connection Agreement Power Exchange Code Operational test procedures Application of frequency and voltage variations Power system restoration test Tests for standing procedures for system Alerts and system Emergency Con
38. omply with dispatch instructions 21 3 Other documents referenced Power Exchange Code nera n AAR ESB INTERNATIONAL 55 he HTSO forecasts Demand sets reserve level and agrees ATC on interconnectors with External System Operators HTSO issues dispatch instructions up to real time The HTSO issues dispatch instructions up to real time Revise instruction Instruction in line with operating characteristics No Accepted by generator Yes Synchronising desynchronising times Active Reactive Operating Power Power Mode Dispatch Dispatch Dispatch synchronis within 10 synchronise between 10 mins amp 4 hrs instructed System Emergency Conditions Figure 26 Overview of Generator Dispatching nera seve b d ESB INTERNATIONAL 56 22 SDC3 SPECIAL SCHEDULING PROVISIONS 22 1 Introduction In order for HTSO to fulfil its obligations with respect to the scheduling and dispatch of generators HTSO shall follow the procedures of SDC3 in the event of certain particular circumstances These include congestion relief irrigation constraints minimum demand provisions scheduling of hydro dispatch groups and priority scheduling of renewable generation and indigenous generation units In the event of congestion occurring or being anticipated by the HTSO on the transmission system notification of irrigation constraints to th
39. operational testing OC11 16 2 Contents of Operating Code OC10 OC10 1 Introduction OC10 2 Objective OC10 3 Scope OC10 4 Monitoring OC10 5 Testing OC10 6 Investigation OC10 7 Consequences of monitoring testing and investigation OC10 8 Disputation of assessment of non compliance by a user 16 3 Other documents referenced Ancillary Services Agreements Connection Agreement e System Support Agreements Power Exchange Code e Black Start Test procedures sik J CJ ESB INTERNATIONAL 37 OC10 5 8 Testing Accept or reguest change to Test Conditions 24 Ea nm P a 3 S RE OC10 5 6 OC10 5 8 Testing OC10 7 Testing Give notice for Test 0 10 5 8 Access user objections Proceed with on user s site Testing modify as determined Test Notify user of necessary by HTSO Test procedures 1 OC10 5 6 Testing Dispatch instruction OC10 5 6 Testing o Induce system test DN E OC10 3 Scope OC10 2 Objective OC10 1 Introduction Figure 15 Overview of OC10 OC10 5 8 Testing Accept or reguest change to Test Conditions OC10 5 6 Give notice for 10 5 8 Testing OC10 5 8 Testing Notify user of Access user Test procedures objections modify as determined necessary by HTSO 10 7 Test on user s Testing site Proceed with Test OC1 0 3 Scope OC10 2 Objective OC10 1
40. ormance of the transmission system or the direct connection with the transmission system It will also provide for the supply of information reguired by the HTSO from users in order for the HTSO to undertake the planning and development of the transmission system in accordance with the planning criteria and other relevant standards and to prepare the forecast statement The transmission system is currently planned in accordance with transmission planning criteria as approved by RAE The relevant standards as referred to in section PC7 1 will include the transmission planning criteria and may include further relevant standards e g as prescribed in authorisation obligations There will continue to be a separate document addressing the detail of the connection process There is a need to provide for efficient planning of the Transmission System and the Network taken together This will be addressed in an interface document between HTSO and the network operator The planning code addresses a number of necessary circumstances where HTSO can instruct a user to make certain modifications to plant and apparatus It is anticipated that these will mainly deal with auxiliary plant e g power system stabilisers and control systems etc refer PC5 3 Commercial conseguences which may arise from this and remuneration to the user if any is not a matter for the Operating Code and will be addressed in bilateral agreements between HTSO and users The p
41. ough metering equipment installed operated and maintained as set out in OC3 The Metering Code specifies the minimum technical design and operational criteria to be complied with for metering and data collection equipment and associated procedures as required under the Power Exchange Code A settlement system will provide for the calculation of any payments due to or owing by the market entities in respect of sales and purchases of electricity under the terms of the Power Exchange Code Metering Equipment shall be provided by the transmission system owner and the network operator and shall be registered in the appropriate registration system and shall comply with the provisions of the Metering Code 9 2 Contents of Operating Code OC3 OC3 1 Introduction OC3 2 Scope OC3 3 Objective OC3 4 General requirements of metering equipment OC3 5 Meter approval certification and testing 4 OC3 6 Market settlement OC3 7 Meter provision and registration OC3 8 Meter data management OC3 9 Revenue protection OC3 10 Access OC3 11 Disputes OC3 12 Information OC3 13 Notices OC3 14 References OC3 15 Metering point OC3 16 Main and check metering OC3 17 Measurement parameters OC3 18 Metering equipment standards OC3 19 Equipment accuracy and error limits OC3 20 Data storage OC3 21 Timekeeping OC3 22 Metering access and sealing 9 3 Other documents referenced Power Exchange Code ESB INTERNATIONAL 10 OC4 DEMAND FORECASTS 10 1
42. phase and post control phase OC4 6 The HTSO Demand forecasts Table 2 Overview OC4 Demand Forecast Pase Operational Programming Contro for which information required Time for submitting information Week 22 of esday 11 00 each Thursday 10 00 each day SOU Demand at Supply points ur Anticpated demand control gt 10MW Hour lou generation units gt 10MW Da Hourl Hourly MW profiles for embedded uv generation sites gt 5MW Weel Hourly MW profiles for critical embedded generation sites gt 2MW uppliers Demand at Supply points Anticpated demand control gt 10MW nergy Trading to from Greece Generators 10 3 Other documents referenced Agreements between HTSO and network operators sees AAR ESB INTERNATIONAL 20 Post Control Phase User Information Operational Planning Phase User Information Transmission losses System Events Historic Data HTSO conducts demand forecasting Other User information information Programming Phase Control Phase User Information User Information Figure 6 Overview of Operational Planning ESB INTERNATIONAL nera 21 11 OC5 DEMAND CONTROL 11 1 Description OC5 is concerned with the provisions to be made by the network operator and in certain circumstances by the HTSO for transmission connected customers to permit
43. ratus This is also necessary to permit stable and secure operation of the transmission system for the benefit of all users The Connection Conditions define the technical design and operational standards that must be complied with by any user connecting to the transmission system The performance characteristics of the transmission system at the connection point are also specified This will enable users and prospective users to design their plant and apparatus and to provide appropriate control systems and plant protection schemes These conditions define the specifications for prospective new entrants In a case where existing plant or apparatus can not reasonably be made perform to these specifications derogation should be sought as provided for in the General Conditions This is a more appropriate mechanism than diluting the condition for all users It is necessary to secure RAE approval for any derogation to be awarded An overview of the Connection Conditions is illustrated in 6 2 Contents of Connection Conditions Introduction CC2 Objective CC3 Scope CC4 Transmission station compound CC5 Plant designations CC6 Relevant technical standards applying to user plant and apparatus CC7 Specific design and performance standards CCS8 Transmission system performance CC9 Metering CC10 User protection and power guality CC11 Communication facilities CC12 Signals to be provided by users CC13 Power supplies CC14 Necessary exchang
44. shment of the shutdown parts and restore supply to customers The objective of OC12 is to ensure that in the event of a partial or total shutdown of the transmission system normal supply is restored to all customers as guickly and as safely as practicable in accordance with prudent utility practice Generator authorisations include a provision reguiring generators to offer reasonable terms for provision of black start capability when so reguested by the HTSO The HTSO may test the compliance of parties to the provisions of OC 12 under the procedures defined in OC10 Figure 24 Rhows the overall structure of OC12 18 2 Contents of Operating Code OC12 OC12 1 Introduction OC12 2 Objective OC12 3 Scope OC12 4 System alerts OC12 5 Power system restoration OC12 6 De energisation of the user s plant by the HTSO 18 3 Other documents referenced Power System Restoration Plan ESB INTERNATIONAL nera n AAR 50 Emergency Control amp Power System Restoration OC12 System Alerts Power System De energisation OC12 4 Restoration of User s Plant 0012 5 by HTSO 0C12 6 Figure 24 Overview of Emergency Control and Power System Restoration 5886 AAKE ESB INTERNATIONAL 51 19 OC13 SMALL SCALE GENERATOR CONDITIONS 19 1 Description It is acknowledged that some sections of the Operating Code may not be relevant to some small scale generators Small scale generators are defined by the HT
45. ting Code 1 Specification of transmission maintenance criteria 2 Statement of transmission maintenance programme requirements 3 The transmission maintenance schedule To avoid confusion a brief description of the nature of each of these documents is given below Transmission maintenance criteria These are developed by the HTSO in consultation with the transmission owner and approved by the regulator RAE They specify the general standards to which the transmission system must be maintained They can be proscriptive e g each 400kV breaker must have a complete overhaul every 12 15 years an inspection every 3 years and a test every year or they can be built around more advanced maintenance philosophies such as condition monitoring e g SF6 breakers will have a complete overhaul when circuit breaker timing pole synchronism and operating time have degraded to All subsequent documents programme and schedule are based on this important document Transmission maintenance programme This document is developed by the transmission owner based on the transmission maintenance criteria in consultation with the HTSO If there is a dispute about how the criteria are interpreted and implemented in the programme this will be arbitrated by the RAE This document lists the nature of maintenance that will be carried out on an element and the reguired outage duration e g Breaker XYZ needs an outage of 3 weeks for an overhaul Tra
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