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HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Cable TV Measurements User's Guide

1. SEE Leatteny 32K BYTE RAM HEWLETT PACKARD 85700A 32K BYTE RAM Write protect switch Front View Back View 219 Figure 3 18 A RAM Card Deleting All the Files from a RAM Card 1 Ensure the write protect switch is set so that the RAM card is not write protected 2 Insert the RAM card in the card reader 3 Press CONFIG MORE 1 of 3 Card Config 4 Press BLANK CARD BLANK CARD 5 If SYSTEM is still displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display you can press MODE MODE to return to the current cable TV measurements menu Deleting Individual Files from a RAM Card Ensure the write protect switch is set so that the RAM card is not write protected N Insert the RAM card in the card reader 3 Press or RECALL 4 Press INTERNAL CARD so that CARD is underlined 5 Press Catalog Card CATALOG ALL 6 Turn the large knob on the analyzer s front panel until the file that you want to delete is highlighted 7 Press DELETE FILE DELETE FILE oo If SYSTEM is still displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display you can press to return to the current cable TV measurements menu You may want to delete one or more files from the RAM card to make room for new files to be stored on the RAM card System Measurements Deleting Individual Files from a RAM Card If You Have a Problem If You Have a Problem The purp
2. FM DEVIATION E CENTER 71 739 MHz SPAN 0 Hz RES BW1 00 kHz VBW 100 kHz SWP 2 msec Figure 2 29 FM Deviation 2 47 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Hum test 1 Select a channel or tune directly to the carrier to be measured Make sure that the desired carrier is the highest on screen by adjusting the center frequency and or span as needed Turn off modulation optional then press Main 1 of 3 HUM See Figure 2 30 Video Modulation Present Note that after pressing HUM the first thing the analyzer does is determine if video modulation is present If the video modulation is found to be on and the test result is greater than 3 percent an additional message appears advising the operator to re test using a CW signal only 2 Pressing MORE INFO results in the analyzer performing a single sweep of 800 ms and performs a Fast Fourier Transform FFT on it to separate power line related components See Figure 2 31 60 Hz 120 Hz 180 Hz and 240 Hz are displayed This is intended to be used as a troubleshooting aid A relatively high 60 Hz level implies inadequate grounding or stray power utility neutral currents A relatively high 120 Hz level implies poor filtering of a full wave rectifier in a power supply 3 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press display gt card
3. 4 MKR 69 379 MHz REF 11 5 dBmvV AT 00B 51 88 dBmV SATE SMPL ON OFF LOG Ld i 10 dB AVERAGE ON OFF MARKER 69 379 M 51 88 mv INTGRTN FCC MEA MENT RANGE 4 MHz F RNG SET VA WB XREMOVE MODULATION of turm GATE ON SC FS More CORR MAIN N Muzi 6 wth dB MENU CENTER 68 749 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz RES BW 30 KHz VBW 300 Hz SWP 2 00 sec Figure 2 9 Carrier to Noise Modulation and Gating Off 2 15 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 13 57 31 JAN 25 1995 4 CHANNEL STD MKR 57 375 MHz REF 8 4 dBm AT 0 dB 44 87 dBmV GATE SMPL ON OFF 106 b AVERAGE ON OFF MORE INFO VA HB Z REMOVE MODULATION or turn GATE OM SC DE TEE RE CORR KNOB CONTROLS HARKER ore MAIN C N 4 MHz MENU START 53 745 MHZ STOP 59 745 MHz ARES BW 30 kHz WBW 488 Hz SWP 6 08 sec T Figure 2 10 See MORE INFO Screen 3 Perform the following steps if your analyzer has Option 107 installed and you want to perform a gated non interfering measurement modulation turned on Note that you will only have gotten to this point if GATING is set to NO a Press GATE ON OFF in the CARRIER NOISE menu to perform a gated non interfering measurement b The analyzer will search for a quiet line and depending on the setting of PAUSE it will either pause or automatically continue if it finds a quiet line If it does not End a quiet line it will display VIDEO SYNC NOT RECOGN
4. oo If Create TstPlan is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Press Create TstPlan to access the menu functions for creating a test plan Press ENTER BY CHANNEL If you want to delete a channel enter the channel number as a negative number To enter a negative number use the BK SP key to enter the minus sign then use the data keys to enter the channel number Press ENTER after the channel number has been entered If you want to change the scrambling status for the channel enter the channel number using the data keys Press ENTER You will be prompted for the scrambling status of the channel and the tests that you want performed on the channel Press DONE after all of the desired tests have been selected If you want to edit the tests enter the channel number using the data keys then press ENTER You will be prompted for the scrambling status of the channel and the tests that you want performed on the channel If you want to delete a test enter the test number as a negative number To enter a negative number use the key to enter the minus sign then use the data keys to enter the test number Press after the test number has been entered Press DONE after all of the desired tests have been selected If you want to edit another channel repeat steps 4 through 6 If you do not want to enter another channel press Prev Menu Save the edited
5. M FRH INT WA SB SE FU nei Lee eae RT eget ecard CORR t Prev E Menu START 54 0 MHz STOP 425 0 MHz RES BW 3 8 MHz VBW 4 MHz SWP 20 0 msec RT Figure 5 10 Trace B Saved 5 21 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions NOTE Another method of saving traces internally or to a memory card utilizes the functions under the SAVE key Refer to the analyzer user s guide for a description Hint When using this function to save reference traces be sure to record the trace register that each reference trace was saved under This precaution helps prevent restoring over useful reference traces and recalling the wrong register when using DO FRQ RESP TST 5 22 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions TAKE REF TRACE Description A reference trace measurement can be made at any point in the system that you want to use as the reference For example typical reference spectrums can be set up at the output of the headend or AML hub Thirty two or more reference traces can be stored 1 Press the following analyzer keys Main 1 of 3 Main 2 of 3 SYSTEM FRQ RSP 2 Set the start and stop frequencies of the analyzer to include all channels being tested in the system e Press ENTER STRT FRQ then enter the lowest chann
6. USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ and USR CH 0 SPAN The analyzer input configuration softkeys include EXT PAD YES NO 50 Q spectrum analyzers only EXT AMP YES NO and TOTL PWR INPUT The non interfering RF and video measurement configuration softkeys include GATING YES NO and PAUSE YES These softkey functions apply to channel measurement CHANNEL MEAS mode only The System Beats softkey is used to specify the channel you wish to use for testing beats The default measurement frequency for CTB is 6 MHz above the visual carrier the default measurement frequency for CSO is 4 75 MHz above the visual carrier These values can be changed using CT3 FREQ OFFSET and CSO FREQ OFFSET These settings are stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selections even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER to access Setup Descriptions for above mentioned softkeys in this chapter Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions SOUND ON OFF Description Allows you to turn the TV sound on and off This feature is the same as the TV RECEIVER mode of operation except that it is accessed from a front panel hardkey Press AUX CTRL Monitor TV to access SOUND ON OFF Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 STD Descripti
7. rrrr rr s r NOTE Large amounts of hum and low frequency disturbances may affect the measurement result If so use TV line NOTE This test must have a white level present during the vertical interval because program video may not always have white level available 2 31 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements YH i hi H Figure 2 20 Depth of Video Modulation Measurement 3 For spectrum analyzers with TV Sync Option 102 and Fast Time Domain Sweeps Option 101 the test can also be performed on an individual TV line a Press TV LINE st Line 17 appears as default line number NOTE Options 102 and 101 are standard with the HP 8591C analyzer Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 44 4 5 30NO 1993 CHANNEL STD MKA 56 000 psec REF 83 66 mV AT 10 dB 9 6421 mV FI SMPL INE LIN Tv TAIG ODD FLO TV TRIG EVEN FLD a TV TRIG VERT INT 8380 x I RESO 2 Bw Maz VBW MHz SWPSPAIBO us e d Figure 2 21 TV line Number b To change the TV line number either enter the new number and press ENTER or use the up and down arrow keys 0 and 0 to increment and decrement respectively the current line number by one Video average can be used to smooth a signal by pressing the fol
8. 10 11 12 System Measurements Making Timed System Measurements Press TIME INTERVAL then enter the time interval between measurements using the data keys then press ENTER Enter the time interval in an hour minute 24 hour format If you want the results to be printed press DUMP TO PRINTER For information about connecting the printer to the analyzer see Step 3 Install a printer in Chapter 1 If you want the results to be stored on the RAM card press DUMP TO RAM CARD You will be prompted for a file number under which the first data file will be stored Enter a starting file number then press ENTER If you want to stop the testing press ABORT It will take several seconds for the testing to stop 76109158 NOV 23 1993 START TIME Enters ta r t time STOP TIME Enter Stop tine TIME INTERVAL Entr tine between Stt times PRINTER Start timedtesting with results sent to printer RRM Start timedtesting with INTERVAL results stored on RAN Card Return to MainMenu OUMPT O PRINTER DUMPT O START DATE TIME 931123 at 15155 RAN CARD STOP DATE TIME 931123 at 15 57 TIME INTERVAL nin Main Menu RT Figure 3 12 Timed System Measurements 3 21 Creating a Test Plan A test plan consists of the channels that you want to measure and the tests you want to make on those channels This section contains the procedure used to create a test plan The procedure incl
9. 103 STD 6 0 MHz from CH57 carrier 4 75 MHz above CH57 carrier oft PS DATA FILE Tests Channel Number 43 44 45 46 Vis Lv dBm T 31 1 32 6 32 8 Aur Lvl 4dB Vis Freq MHz 12 8 14 4 61 67 24838 23998 14 5 83 26023 Aur Freq AMHz 50009 4 50003 4 50004 MOD DEPTH 73 4 85 6 HUM 0 9 0 7 cso 48 CIN LN FLD 32 5 47 6 12 8 CLD ns DG DP degrees LN FLD SIG FREQ RESP dB LN FLD SIG FM DEV kHz Figure 6 4 An Example Printout 6 11 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Table 6 2 Information Contained in a Printout Number Description Date and time the measurements were begun Time is given in a 24 hour format 1 2 e location code 3 e temperature 4 e analyzer serial number t 5 ether or not the spectrum analyzer had an oven reference The oven reference is available as ption Option 004 for HP 8590 E Series spectrum analyzers and is standard on the HP 8591C alyzer 6 e tune configuration 7 The results of the composite triple beat testing lif CTB testing was selected when the testing was performed 8 The file number of test data fi 9 The tests 10 The test results An entry with a dash indicates that the test was not performed 11 e channel number
10. 12 The asterisk indicates that the channel was selected as a scrambled channel The location code and temperature entry are entered by the operator The information for this entry is from the analyzer used to do the testing Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Recall Data to access DATA TO PRINTER See Also Step 3 Install a printer in Chapter 1 6 12 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DONE Description Allows you to indicate that you have finished making your selection The DONE softkey should not be confused with the DONE programming command DUMP TO PRINTER Description Allows you to have the test results sent to a printer when using Measure Now or Timed Measure The printer needs to be connected to the analyzer Figure 6 5 shows an example printout Table 6 3 explains the different items on a printout Press Measure Now Yes or No or Timed Measure to access DUMP TO PRINTER 6 13 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DATA FILE 5 PAGE f HP 85721A CABLE TV MEASUREMENT SYSTEM DATE OF MEASUREMENTS 11 24 83 TIME OF MEASUREMENT 17 30 LOCATION CODE 930025 ENTERED TEMPERATURE 70 SERIAL NUMBER 103 OVEN REF YES TUNE CONFIG STD 68 2 dB 6 0 MHz from CH57 carrier CSO 57 1 dB 4 75 MHz above CH57 carrier
11. 2 18 CTB Measurement 2 19 Cross Modulation Measurement 2 20 Depth of Video Modulation Measurement 2 21 TV Eine Number core nee wo hee ee eee 2 22 Depth of Video Modulation More Information 2 23 FCC Composite Test Signal 2 24 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal 2 25 Differential Gain Differential Phase Measurement 2 26 Differential Gain Differential Phase More Information 2 27 Tuned Digital Channel Display 2 28 Results of Digital Channel Power Test 2 20 EM Deviation og Loo a Oe de a we ee 2 30 Hum Measurement 2 31 Hum More Information 2 32 Ghost Cancellation Reference GCR 2 2 33 FCC Multi Burst Test Signal 2 34 NTC 7 Combination Multi Burst Test Signal 2 35 Sine X X Test 1 2 36 Results with GCR or Line Sweep Test Signal 2 37 Results with FCC Multi Burst Test Signal 0 Contents 8 2 19 2 23 2 24 2 29 2 29 2 30 2 32 2 33 2 34 2 38 2 39 2 40 2 41 3 1 3 2 WWW O2 WwW 1 1 gt WWW O9 O9 WD WwW WwW 1 1 1 1 1 1 CA tA More Information Multi Burst System Frequency Response Measurement View Ingress
12. 5149 56N0U 23 19 9 3 ENTER Temperature using the keypad ENTER number then press the ENTER key TEMPERATURE 76 5 RT Figure 3 6 Enter Temperature Menu 3 11 System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 5 Recall a test plan l Press Recall TstPlan 2 Press RECALL FRM INT to recall a test plan from the analyzer s internal memory or RECALL FRM CARD to recall a test plan from a RAM card NOTE If you have not created a test plan refer to Creating a Test Plan later in this chapter 3 If you selected RECALL FRM INT select the test plan number under which the test plan was saved then press DONE For example if the test plan was saved under test plan 1 press PLAN 1 You can recall a test plan that was previously saved in analyzer memory Recalling a test plan will overwrite the current test plan If you do not want the current test plan overwritten save the current test plan before recalling a test plan See 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory in this chapter for more information For information on recalling a test plan from a RAM card refer to Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card later in this chapter 3 12 Making 5158151N0U 23 1993 RECALL TEST FLAN RECALL FRM INT Recall test plan from internal memory RECALL FRN CR Recall test plan from Memory Card Prey n u Return to Previous Menu Figure 3 7 Recall
13. Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup to access Analyzer Input Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions CHANNEL SELECT Description Allows you to select a specific channel number to view in TV receiver or monitor TV mode In this mode you can view a TV picture and listen to the sound simultaneously Option 107 required Press TV RECEIVER or press AUX CTRL Monitor TV to access CHANNEL SELECT Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 Channel Tuning Description Allows you to select the channel tuning configuration for the channels in the test plan The channel tuning configurations that can be selected are as follows STD For a standard channel format AIR For off the air channel format IRC For incrementally related carriers HRC For harmonically related carriers T For upstream channels 7 8 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions The default value for the channel tuning configuration is the standard STD channel format In addition the USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ and USR CH 0 SPAN softkeys allow you to define the center frequency and span for a user defined channel This channel is then accessed by selecting channel O zero The default settings are for channel 2 STD These settings are stored in non volatile analyzer
14. lc rn s 7 13 PICTURE ON OFF Description 7 14 PIX amp SND ON OFF Description 27 414 Setup Description 7 15 SOUND ON OFF Description 2 a 7 16 STD Description a ee vex Cas a X E Ua A 7 16 SYS BTS TST CHNL Description 7 17 Contents 5 System Beats Description 2 7 18 T Descriptions cn Ge mcd eg ee MQ 7 19 TOTL PWR INPUT Description 7 20 TV RECEIVER Description o ll 7 20 USR CH 0 CMTR FRQ Description 7 21 USR CHO SPAM Description 7 21 8 Test Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter 8 2 Visual Carrier Level and Visual to Aural Level Difference Test Description 8 3 Visual Carrier Frequency and Visual to Aural Frequency Difference Test Description o Me 8 5 Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description D 8 7 Composite Second Order CSO Test Description inh an 8 16 Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description 8 18 Hum Test Description Pb unte a us 8 24 Depth of Modulation Test Description E s M cease 8 28 Digital Channel Power Measurement Description ae 8 30 Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay ass Differential Gain Differential Phase 8 33 In Channel Frequency Response Test Description 8 40 FM Deviation Test Description 2 2 8 43 Cross Modulation Test Description fy pu 8 44 System Freq
15. 3 Non interfering using Option 107 and measure over FCC range In the first method the peak carrier level is measured first then it continuously updates and reports the carrier to noise ratio for the marker position The marker can be moved as desired and the result is updated to reflect the most current test result At the end of each sweep the marker does a local minimum search as well as a local trace average Before executing the test the analyzer initially measures the total power of the entire cable system This is done to set the attenuator to avoid overload of the input mixer and noise floor lift due to internally generated distortion The analyzer then measures its own noise figure and uses this for calculating the final carrier to noise value The analyzer input attenuation is set to both prevent input mixer compression and minimize the noise level of the analyzer 8 7 Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description Initially the marker is placed at the lower channel boundary This provides an indication of the distribution system noise level without having to remove modulation The minimum noise level is measured and compared with the noise level of the analyzer If the difference between the minimum noise level and the noise floor is less than 10 dB the minimum noise value cannot be measured directly it is instead calculated by using the following formula System noise 10Log _ 1047 whe
16. eee View Co Channel Measurement Channel Tuning Menu Analyzer Input Configuration Menu Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector Connections for HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 RF Measurements 2 2 2 2 Enter Location Menu Enter Temperature Recall from Internal Analyzer Memory Dump Options Tests Results Screen Page 1 Tests Results Screen Page 2 Tests Results Screen Page 3 Timed System Measurements Enter by Channel Enter by Range First ChannelDQNumber Enter by Range Last Channel Number View Current Test Plan Catalog Analyzer Internal Memory ARAM Card poe tos Wo deben de dete ae W Channel Measurements Main Menu 1 of 3 2 Channel Measurements Main Menu 2 0f 3 Channel Measurements Main Menu 3 of 3 CIC us tools dedo unde Apes acie select Channel oscar ale x o6 m RO Hs Channel Display Line Delta lll system Frequency Response 2 2 Trace B Recalled Lrace B Ssaved m ky sls ae we Ble se Fast and Slow Sweep Conditioned Reference Spectrum Trace B Saved to Internal Memory Mew C
17. 10 Press MARKER ON to turn the marker on 1l Use MARKER A to determine the difference in frequency and amplitude relative to the first marker position 12 Press MARKER OFF to turn marker off 13 Press STOP TEST to stop the measurement 14 Press Prev menu MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 58 Procedure for System Flatness Measurement Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements The following is an outline for measuring system flatness using two points in the system For example a reference trace could be taken at the headend then compared to a flatness measurement made somewhere out in the system 1 Take a reference trace at point A as previously described for example at the headend or first trunk amplifier 2 Go to point B and make a measurement The result is the difference between points A and B 3 Use the FAST SWEEP function for real tune amplifier adjustments 4 Use the SLOW SWEEP for the most accurate results when scrambled channels are present View ingress test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 1 Select a channel then press VIEW INGRESS A marker is placed on the peak of the carrier and the delta marker is activated 2 After the displayed modulation and noise are reduced with minimum hold use the knob to position the delta marker on a signal appearing above the noise The frequency and amplitude differences between the peak carrier level and the marker appear in the act
18. AT MKR 100 kHz RES BW 38 kHz RES BW MAIN MENU CEHTER 177 808 MHz SPAN 6 888 MHz YRES BW 100 kHz VBW 1 kHz SNP 188 msec RT Figure 8 19 View Ingress 8 46 View Co Channel Test Description The view co channel test measures the frequency and level of two signals within the same channel and within pickup distance of each other If the co channel level is high enough the TV receiver will display two separate signals on one channel Note that this test is only available in Channel mode 03 29 56 JAN 12 1993 3 7 CHANNEL STD MKR a 10 00 kHz REF 22 7 dBmV ATTEN 10 dB 37 73 dB PEAK D MARKER 10 00 kHz 1 37 79 dB MAIN MENU CENTER 67 23675 MHz SPAN 58 88 kHz RES BM 1 0 kHz VBW 10 Hz SHP 15 8 sec Figure E 20 View Co Channel 8 47 Test Descriptions View Co Channel Test Description Specifications and Test Aids Specifications and Test Aids What You ll This chapter outlines the specifications and characteristics of the HP 85721A Find in This cable TV measurements and system monitor personality with supported analyzers In addition test aids are provided This chapter contains the Chapter following sections e cable TV measurement specifications and characteristics e channel identification plans e channel survey map 9 2 Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics Specifications describe the warranted performance of the HP 85721A cable TV measu
19. If you want to use a reference trace that was previously stored in the analyzer s internal memory and you know the trace register number of the reference trace press RECALL FRM INT See Chapter 5 for more information about using RECALL FRM INT 9 If you want to create a reference trace press CONTINUE TAKE REF TRACE See Chapter 5 for more information about using TAKE REF TRACE 6 After the reference trace appears on screen select FAST SWEEP or SLOW SWEEP then if you want to save the reference trace press SAVE TRB TO INT enter a register number then press ENTER T Press DO FRQ RESP TST to perform the measurement See Figure 2 39 Also see Chapter 5 for more information about using DO FRQ RESP TST 2 57 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements REF 48 BBaNOV 23 AT 910 dB MKR A 289 7 44 HJB CONTS PEAK SWEEP LOG x 2 dB CENTER FREG MARKER A e 289 4 MHz MARKER 49 dB ON 40 5 MARKER WA VB SC FC MARKER CORR OFF sm FREBUENC response STOP EASUREMENT IN PROGRESS TEST CENTE RE 239 GMHMHz VBW 1 MHZ 9 5037100 Misec Figure 2 39 System Frequency Response Measurement 8 Press CONTS SWEEP for continuous sweep or to restart the sweep 9 Press CENTER FREQ to specify the center frequency This is not normally needed but is useful to fine adjust the measurement data relative to the reference data to minimize ripple
20. Press SAVE TO INT MEM 5 Because there can be up to Eve different test plans saved in analyzer memory you need to select a number under which to save the test plan Press the softkey with the plan number under which you want the test plan saved For example press PLAN 1 to save the test plan in plan number 1 6 Press DONE You can save up to Eve different test plans in analyzer memory The test plans are stored in memory even if the analyzer is unplugged from a line power source The channel numbers tests scrambling status channel tuning configuration quiet line number frequency response line number color test line number test signal type and Eeld information are stored for each test number of each channel with the test plan Saving a test plan overwrites any previously saved test plan for the same test plan number System Measurements Creating a Test Plan Step 4 Save the current test plan to a RAM card optional 1 If SAVE TO MEM CARD is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan Save TstPlan 2 Press SAVE TO MEM CARD 3 Because there can be up to Eve different test plans saved in analyzer memory you need to select a number under which to save the test plan Press the softkey with the plan number under which you want the test plan saved For example press PLAN 1 to save the test plan in plan number 1 4 Press DONE Editing the Current Test Plan
21. SPECTRUM ANALYZER CABLE TV ANALYZER TV RECEIVER More 1 of 3 Setup CHANNEL MEAS SYSTEM MEAS Channel Tuning Analyzer Input System Beats 4 GATING YES NO PAUSE YES NO Prev Menu STO AIR IRC HRCT USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ USR CH O SPAN Prev Menu EXT PAD YES B EXT AMP YES NO EXT AMP cain T EXT AMP NZ TOTL PWR INPUT Prev Menu SYS BTS TST CHNL CSO FREQ OFFSET FREQ OFFSET Prev Menu pf71 6a Figure 7 2 Setup Configuration Menu Map The CHANNEL MEAS SYSTEM MEAS softkey menus are found in Chapters 5 and 6 respectively t These softkeys only appear when EXT AMP YES NO is set to YES i Only appears with 500 input analyzers 4 AUX CTRL Menu Map The following menu map shows the TV receiver softkeys found under the front panel hardkey BA RL Demod CHANNEL SELECT Track Gen Aux Conn Control Monitor TV PICTURE ON OFF SOUND ON OFF pf717a Figure 7 3 Menu Map 7 5 See Also Softkey Descriptions This section contains the descriptions of the TV RECEIVER AUX CTRL and Setup softkey functions The functions are listed alphabetically according to the softkey labels AIR Description Allows you to select the AIR tune configuration The AIR is also called off the air or over the air tune configuration It refers to signals that are broadcast over the air and received with an antenna The AIR frequency assign
22. Similarly press CSO FREQ OFFSET enter the frequency offset for measuring CSO from the carrier then press ENTER Entering an offset as negative will allow measurements below the channel s visual carrier Ensure that the measurement locations are in the clear relative to the SYS BTS TST CHNL 7 Connect the cable TV signal as shown in Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer 3 7 CAUTION System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer To prevent the analyzer input from being damaged the total power at the analyzer input must be less than 72 dBmV To prevent the analyzer input mixer from being overloaded the total power at the analyzer input mixer must be less than 37 dBmV except for CSO CTB for which 27 dBmv is the maximum total power input to the mixer For systems with unequal carrier levels system tilt the total power must be calculated by summing the individual carriers The TOTL PWR INPUT softkey function accounts for system tilt You can measure the input power by pressing Setup Analyzer Input TOTL PWR INPUT The total power is displayed at the bottom of the screen Total power at the input mixer can be reduced by increasing input attenuation Press AMPLITUDE ATTEN and make the adjustment The analyzer retains a manually selected attenuation until you either select a new value or reset the analyzer power on default conditions For al
23. VBH 3 MHz SWP 6 98 sec Figure 8 3 Carrier to Noise Measurement In channel measurement mode pressing More MORE INFO shows the raw data and all corrections used for this measurement 15 38 20 JAN 25 1995 REF 3 0 dBmV 18 dB C N CALCULATION Uncorrected marker on noise Correct to measurement BH prre LOG detect Noise IF Noise Equiv Pwr BW Analyzer Noise Correction 1 76 Ext Preamp Noise Correction 17 18 18 RE ENTER CIN Carrier Level Corrected Nois SINS TEST 29 28 18 18 Total Power HB Analyzer Input 2 OU PIT Carrier Level 8 Analyzer Input MAIN MENU START 179 744 MH2 STOP 185 744 MHz RES BW 30 kHz VBW 3 MHz SHP 6 90 sec T Figure 8 4 MORE INFO Screen 8 9 2 Disable modulation and measure over FCC range 3 Non interfering using Option 107 and Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description The second method is an interfering measurement of carrier to noise in which modulation is removed The marker is positioned within the displayed FCC measurement range Averaging can be selected to stabilize the noise measurement Before returning to the main menu the modulation must be turned back on The third method is called in channel non interfering carrier to noise measurements Option 107 required in which the gating function is used to measure over FCC range make the measurement with video modulation on This method is enabled with the GATE ON
24. resolution bandwidth The ability of an analyzer to display adjacent responses discretely hertz hertz decibel down This term is used to identify the width of the resolution bandwidth Elter of an analyzer at some level below the minimum insertion loss point maximum deflection point on the display Glossary 13 The 3 dB resolution bandwidth is specified for others it is the 6 dB resolution bandwidth RS 232 A means of communication between devices such as printers plotters computers modems and analyzers The devices need to have RS 232 interfaces Unlike the HP IB interface bus the RS 232 interface bus is used for serial not parallel transmission scale factor The per division calibration of the vertical axis of the display scrambled To alter an electronic signal so that a decoding device is necessary to receive the signal shape factor Refer to bandwidth selectivity single sweep mode The analyzer sweeps once when trigger conditions are met Each sweep is initiated by pressing an appropriate front panel key or by sending a programming command softkey Key labels displayed on a screen or monitor that are activated by mechanical keys surrounding the display or located on a keyboard Softkey selections usually evoke menus that are written into the program software Front panel key selections determine which menu set of softkeys appears on the display span Span equals the stop frequency minus the start fre
25. sss sss 6 30 Save TstPlan Description 6 30 START TIME Description o or t n 6 31 STOP TIME Description s e ee n n n 6 31 SYSTEM MEAS Description o t tes 6 32 Timed Measure Description gt s s t t 6 33 Contents 4 TIME INTERVAL Description 2 6 34 TODAY S DATE Description 6 35 TODAY S TEMEDATE Description 6 35 VIEW CH SEL Description 6 36 VIEW LAST Description 2 6 36 YES Description 6 37 7 TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu M aps and Softkey Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter 7 2 TV RECEIVER Menu Map 7 3 Setup Menu Map s sos e wis lt nepa a 7 4 AUX CTRL Menu Map 7 5 Softkey Descriptions s s t h 7 6 AIR Description ll len 7 6 Analyzer Input Description 7 7 CHANNEL SELECT Description 2 7 8 Channel Tuning Description 7 8 CSO FREQ OFFSET and CTB FREQ OFFSET Description s o a eros ye mr EPA d 7 9 EXT AMP GAIN Description 2 2 1 7 10 EXT NZ FIG Description a 7 10 EXT AMP YES NO Description 7 11 EXT PAD YES NO Description HRC Description 2 2 2 2 2 7 12 IRC Description s rr ns 7 13 Monitor TV Description
26. the Setup menu as described in Chapter 2 STD AIR HRC IRC or T The channel is displayed on screen in a 6 MHz span to show both the visual and aural carriers The visual carrier is positioned just below the reference level As an alternative to selecting T in Setup upstream T channels can be selected by entering negative channel numbers from any of the formats STD AIR HRC or IRC For example to select channel 7 enter 7 FM broadcast station frequencies can be tuned by selecting channels 201 through 300 These channel designations are defined in the Code of Federal Regulations Title 47 part 73 201 Valid channels for gated non interfering and color measurements are 2 through 134 standard tuning 16 24 53 NOV 23 1993 CHANNEL WE STO REF 48 8 dBm AT 10 dB CHRHNEL LISTEN ON VIEW INGRESS CARRIER LYL amp FRQ Main 1 of 3 SENTER9 00 MH2 SPAN1 800 GHz RES BW 3 8 MHz VBW1 MHz SHP 360 msec RT Figure 5 5 Select Channel 5 9 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Procedure 1 To select a channel after the analyzer is preset or powered on press the following analyzer keys CABLE TV ANALYZER CHANNELMEAS Enter the channel number then press lower right hand hardkey See Figure 5 5 2 Up and down arrow keys f and select the next higher or lower channel number respectively 3 The current channel number appears next
27. 10 6 25 Sea Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Prev Menu Description Allows you to access the previous system measurement menu PREV PAGE Description Allows you to select the previous page of on screen test results Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No DUMP TO SCREEN to access PREV PAGE Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 PRINT REPORT Description Allows you to print a report of the currently displayed test results Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No DUMP TO SCREEN to access PRINT REPORT Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 6 26 See Also Sea Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Recall Data Description Allows you to access DATA TO PRINTER and DATA TO SCREEN DATA TO PRINTER sends the test results from a file on a RAM card to a printer DATA TO SCREEN sends the test results from a file on a RAM card to the screen Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 to access Recall Data Recalling Test Data from the RAM Card in Chapter 3 RECALL FRM CRD Description Allows you to recall a previously saved test plan from a RAM card Recalling a test plan overwrites the current test plan If you do not want the current test plan to be overwrit
28. 3 33 Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card 3 34 Recalling Test Data from the RAM 3 35 Cataloging RAM Card 3 36 Formatting a RAM LoS a 3 37 Deleting All the Files from a RAM Card 8 38 Deleting Individual Files from a RAM 3 39 4 If You Have a Problem Error Messages s y a ee 4 3 AhREADYENIERED selesi d s a ee 4 8 CAUTION Recalled Test Plan Corrupted Selected Test Plan Cleared 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME ALREADYPASSED 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME LESS THAN STARTTIME SET STOP TIMEANDTRYAGAIN 2 2 2 4 5 CHECK CARD IN SLOT SAVE OFF 4 5 TEDEGAT COMMAND ul iere ries Ge Da ee i c ne nis Dee n D n ee ie n 4 6 INVALID SYMTAB ENTRY SYMTAB OVERFLOW 4 6 INVALID FILE NO ROOM 4 7 MUST BE gt FIRST 4 7 NOW CARD FOUNDs 02er nto ld le nl se ca mle de 4 8 NO TEST PLAN SELECTED lt s sk sh sy sk sk s 4 a OUTOFRANGE 4 wie wo ROS E ee 9 og 4 9 PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL aoaie 4 9 PRINTER IS NOT CONNECTED NOTTURNED ON OR A CONTROLLERCONFLICTEXISTS 4 10 CARD REQUIRED a Je nueces MU nns Je Sa islas Es ee 4 11 RAM CARD IS NOT FORMATTED FORMAT RAM CARD AND TRY AGEING ute e ew EU UR RT de 4 11 VIDEO SYNC
29. 50 Q impedance changing the input impedance with INPUT Z 50 75 minimizes the impedance mismatch but does not eliminate the impedance mismatch unless a 50 Q to 75 Q external matching pad is used Press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER to access SYSTEM MEAS Step 5 Start channel or system mode of operation in Chapter 1 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Timed Measure Description Allows you to access the functions that you can use to initiate the testing at a later time When you press Timed Measure you access a menu with the following softkeys START TIME STOP TIME TIME INTERVAL DUMP TO PRINTER DUMP TO RAM CARD and Main Menu Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS accesses Timed Measure Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 6 33 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Saftkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions TIME INTERVAL Description Allows you to specify the time interval between the starting of testing for a timed measurement The time interval is specified in 24 hour hour minute format The maximum time interval is 99 hours If you do not specify a time interval the time interval is set to zero When the time interval is set to zero testing will begin immediately after the previous tests have been completed When specifying a time interval you need to specify a time
30. 644 650 650 656 656 662 662 668 668 674 674 680 680 686 686 692 692 698 698 704 704 710 710 716 716 722 122 120 726 734 734 740 740 746 746 752 152 158 158 164 F a a 0 1 2 3 4 45 6 7 8 9 aw Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 1 FCC Numerical Designation of Television Channels Section 73 603 continued Channel Number Frequency Band MHz 764 770 770 776 776 782 782 788 788 794 794800 800 806 9 12 Channel Designation lt OD c 4 c r Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 Pictu N A 55 25 61 25 67 25 1135 83 25 175 25 181 25 187 25 193 25 199 25 205 25 211 25 121 2625 127 2625 133 2625 139 25 145 25 151 25 157 25 163 25 169 25 217 25 223 25 223 2625 235 2625 241 2625 2412625 253 2625 HRC 12 0036 54 0027 60 0030 66 0033 18 0039 84 0042 174 0087 180 0090 186 0093 192 0096 198 0099 204 0102 210 0105 120 0060 126 0063 B2 0066 138 0069 144 0072 150 0075 156 0078 162 0081 168 0084 216 0108 222 0111 228 0114 234 0117 240 0120 246 0123 252 0126 132625 55 2625 612625 67 2625 19 2625 85 2625 175 2625 181 2625 187 2625 193 2625 199 2625 205 2625 211 2625 121 2625 127 2625 133 2625 139 2625 145 2625 151 2625 157 2625 163 2625 169 2625 217 2625 223 2625 229 2625 235 2625 241 2
31. DATE Prev Menu Figure 8 1 System Measurements Menu 1 of 2 The CHANNEL MEAS softkey menus are found in Chapter 5 T The Setup softkey menu is found in Chapter 7 MAIN MENU p 714a 6 4 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Menu Map ENTER BY CHANNEL ENTER BY RANGE Create Tstplan Recal I Dota CATALOG CARD CLEAR TST PLAN VIEW LAST Sove Tstplan VIEW CH SEL VIEW CH SEL VIEW CH SEL More 2 of 2 Prev Menu Prev Menu DATA TO PRINTER SAVE TO INT MEM w PLAN 1 DATA TO SCREEN SAVE TO MEM CARD PLAN 2 T PLAN 3 PLAN 4 PLAN 5 Prev Menu Prev Menu DONE NEXT PAGE PREV PAGE GO TO PAGE PRINT REPORT STORE TO CARD Main Menu 1715 Figure 6 2 System Measurements Menu 2 of 2 6 5 System Measurements Softkey Function De scriptions This section contains the descriptions of the system measurements softkey functions The functions are listed alphabetically according to the softkey labels ABORT Description Allows you to stop the measurement It may take several seconds for the measurement to end after ABORT has been pressed ALL TESTS Description Allows you to select all tests for the currently selected channel Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan ENTER BY CHANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE YES or NO to access ALL TESTS 6 6 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Des
32. Enter by Range First Channel Number 6 14 98 0 23 19 9 3 ENTER LAST Channel in range using the keypad ENTER number then press the ENTER key CHANNEL 40 Figure 3 15 Enter by Range last Channel Number 3 21 System Measurements Creating a Test Plan Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory NOTE Test plans 1 through 5 are saved in trace registers 6 through 10 in the analyzer Do not save traces in trace registers 6 through IO or your test plans will be overwritten If Save TstPlan is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan 2 A title can be entered with each test plan The title can be used to differentiate between test plans The title is shown when cataloging analyzer memory See Cataloging Analyzer Memory in this chapter a If you want to create a title using the analyzer s keys press DISPLAY then CHANGE TITLE YZ SPC CLEAR CLEAR to clear the current title b Use the softkeys to create a new title For example press ABCDEF C ABCDEF A STUVWX STUVWX V to create the title CATV C Press to return to the Create TstPlan menu d If you want to create a title using an external keyboard press ESC ENTER on the external keyboard to clear the current title Press ESC then the keys to create the title the press ENTER System Measurements Creating a Test Plan 3 Press Save TstPlan 4
33. Find in This used in channel measurements mode This chapter contains the following sections Chapter e channel measurements menu map e channel measurements softkey descriptions 5 2 Channel Measurements Menu Map The following menu map shows all channel measurement mode softkeys and how they are accessed 5 3 SPECTRUM ANALYZER CABLE TV ANALYZER TV RECEIVER Moe 1 of 3 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Menu Map 5 4 Setup CHANNEL MEAS SYSTEM MEAS CHANNEL SELECT LISTEN ON FM DEV VIEW INGRESS CARRIER LVL amp FRO4 Mon 1 of 3 LISTEN OFF CYCLES MSMT MAIN MENU VIEW CO CHNL LISTEN OFF LISTEN AT MARKER DEMOD AM FM 100 kHzRES BW 30 kHzR ES BW MAIN MENU NEXT CHANNEL SCRAMBLD YES ON FREO ON OFF FREO RSLN 10 100Hz MAINMENU pf79a Figure 5 1 Channel Measurements Main Menu 1 of 3 Te SYSTEM MEAS softkey menus are found in Chapter 6 T the Setup softkey menu is found in Chapter 7 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel SELECT LINE FLD BOTH EVEN ODD GATE ON OFF AVERAGE ON OFF MORE INFO More L I NE SEARCH MAIN MENU E ENTER C N TEST CONTINUE OTL PWR INPUT AIN MENU MORE INFO MAIN MENU CARRIER NOISE r CROSSMOD MAIN MENU CSO CTB DEPTH MOD MAIN MENU SELECT LINE GATE ON OFF Main 2 of 3 FLD BOTH EVEN ODD RESTART
34. Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 2 Perform the self calibration routines Allow the analyzer to warm up for 30 minutes before performing the following steps For the analyzer to meat its specifications and characteristics the self calibration routines should be performed periodically or whenever the ambient temperature changes Sea the operating manual for the analyzer to determine how often the self calibration routines should be oarformed Attach the calibration cable from the CAL OUT connector to the INPUT connector with the appropriate adapters 1 8 Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Press CAL press CAL FREQ amp AMPTD or if the analyzer s amplitude calibration routine has bean performed recently press CAL F RI EQ instead of CAL FREQ amp AMPTD The analyzer s frequency and amplitude self calibration routine take about 1 5 or 9 minutes to complete respectively If an error massage is displayed refer to the Installation and Verification Manual for the analyzer CAL FREQ amp AMPTD PY210A Press CAL STORE CAL STORE 211 1 9 Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 3 Install a printer Steps 1 and 2 of
35. Input Levelxtoy dB This message may appear as an alternative to raising the input level It appears when it may be possible to reduce the input power a small amount but just enough to cause the analyzer to switch its internal 10 dB attenuator down by 1step This has the effect of raising the input level by 10 dBless the number of dBthe input level was reduced by Try this when raising the level is inconvenient or impossible for some reason Alternatively when this message appears it signals that it may be possible to not change the level at all but to re run the test and reduce the attenuator manually using the ATTEN keys on the 2nd C N menu Preselect Input Signal This message appears when there is no longer any headroom to raise the level before overload occurs but there is still need to raise the cable noise level and there is significant channel loading present Raise levell10 dB re entertest turncarrieroff reduce attenuator This message appears when a preselected signal requires increased noise level but the single carrier present will overload the analyzer This message suggests that you raise the input level above overload let the analyzer measure the carrier level then turn the carrier off to eliminate the overload while noise is being measured Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description More about the MORE INFO Screen continued Try raising level even more This message assumes the technique m
36. Measurements in Chapter 3 TODAY S TIMEDATE Description Allows you to select the current time and date as the start time and date for timed measurements When you press TODAY S TIMEDATE the analyzer uses the time and date setting of the analyzer If the date or time setting of the analyzer is incorrect see If the wrong date or time is displayed in Chapter 4 Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Timed Measure START TIME to access TODAY S TIMEDATE Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions VIEW CH SEL Description Allows you to view the selected channels of the current test plan VIEW LAST Description Allows you to view the last test results on the analyzer screen Upon being sent to the screen the following options are available e NEXT PAGE displays the next page of test results e PREV PAGE displays the previous page of test results e GOTO PAGE displays selected page number e PRINT REPORT prints a test results report e STORE TO CARD stores test results to a RAM card Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 to access VIEW LAST 6 36 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions YES Description Allows you to confirm that you want to perform the function If you press CLEAR TST PLAN and then press YE
37. Measurements Making Channel Measurements 5 Return to the full field display by pressing Prev Menu 6 To stop all measurement activity press STOP MEAS At this point the analog display mode can be activated by pressing ANALOG ON OFF in the menu The sweep time can then be adjusted and the knob used to control the dot density to obtain the desired display In addition the display line and display line delta functions may be used for measuring depth of modulation Press DISP LINE ON Use the knob to place the display line on top of the horizontal sync pulses located at the top of the display The delta display line can be activated by pressing More f of 2 DL DELTA ON OFF The delta display line is then positioned at the minimum white level Then the depth of modulation is displayed in the active function area For further information about the delta display line refer to the DL DELTA function description in Chapter 5 When finished turn Analog ON OFF OFF Press the mode key twice MODE MODE to return to the cable TV menu NOTE You cannot re start the depth of modulation measurement after pressing STOP MEAS You must press MAIN MENU then DEPTH MOD to re start the measurement 7 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press display gt card then press MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on for
38. OFF key after the carrier to noise test has been started A horizontal line with no test signals or data within the active line time is found quiet line Inchannel measurement mode the CONTINUE softkey is then pressed to execute the measurement The analyzer displays the in channel noise measured only during the quiet line The minimum level noise is not found Instead noise can be measured over a range to account for possible non flatness of the noise floor FCC 76 609 e requires a noise integration be made over the full range if the noise floor is not flat The outer markers in this test show the range over which the noise is integrated Because of the presence of the visual carrier integration over the full 4 MHz cannot be done However 85 of the entire range is integrated See Figure 8 3 The outer markers that are used to determine the range are set by pressing the INTGRTN RNG SET in channel measurements mode Gated carrier to noise shows in channel noise delivered in the video in addition to RF noise of amplifiers and headend equipment Troubleshooting can be done without interrupting service Advertisement insertion equipment may yield different results when active 8 10 More Discussion about the Carrier to Noise Test Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description The carrier to noise test is very flexible and can handle a wide variety of testing conditions It provides feedback messages to assist you in ac
39. Or press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Recall TstPlan RECALL FRM INT to access PLAN 1 Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory in Chapter 3 Step 5 Recall a test plan in Chapter 3 PLAN 2 Description Allows you to select test plan 2 as the test plan number for either saving the current test plan or recalling a previously saved test plan The operation of PLAN 2 is identical to PLAN 1 except that the test plan is stored in and recalled from trace register 7 6 24 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions PLAN 3 Description Allows you to select test plan 3 as the test plan number for either saving the current test plan or recalling a previously saved test plan The operation of PLAN 3 is identical to PLAN 1 except that the test plan is stored in and recalled from trace register 8 PLAN 4 Description Allows you to select test plan 4 as the test plan number for either saving the current test plan or recalling a previously saved test plan The operation of PLAN 4 is identical to PLAN 1 except that the test plan is stored in and recalled from trace register 9 PLAN 5 Description Allows you to select test plan 5 as the test plan number for either saving the current test plan or recalling a previously saved test plan The operation of PLAN 5 is identical to PLAN 1 except that the test plan is stored in and recalled from trace register
40. TST PLAN key 3 22 3 32 clock setting the time and date 4 15 composite second order test 8 16 composite tripe beat test 8 18 CONFIG key 1 11 3 37 connect cable TV signal 2 9 3 8 connecting analyzer to a printer 1 10 connecting cable TV signal 2 10 contents of a printout 6 10 CONTINUE key 2 17 2 24 2 27 2 40 2 52 2 57 5 17 control line B 8 19 CONTS SWEEP key 2 58 5 15 COPY key 2 12 2 19 2 25 2 28 2 30 2 35 2 41 2 46 2 48 correction constants 1 8 coupler 2 9 3 8 Create Tstplan key 3 22 Create TstPlan key 3 23 3 31 creating a test plan 3 22 CROSSMOD key 2 30 cross modulation test 8 44 Index 4 CSO beats improve presentation 2 27 CSO CTB gated version 2 26 CSO CTB key 2 26 CSO FREQ OFFSET description 7 9 CSO FREQ OFFSET key 3 7 3 14 CTB FREQ OFFSET description 7 9 CTB FREQ OFFSET key 3 7 3 14 CTB STEP DN key 2 27 CTB STEP UP key 2 27 CYCLES MSMT key 2 46 D data fields if a appears 4 13 DATA TO PRINTER description 6 10 DATA TO PRINTER key 3 35 DATA TO SCREEN key 3 35 data type 6 7 date setting the date 4 15 default configuration 7 15 default fields 2 7 3 7 default line numbers 2 7 3 7 default test signal line CLDI 2 22 definitions characteristics 9 3 specifications 9 3 DELETE FILE key 3 39 delete files from a RAM card 3 38 delete HP 85721A personality 1 15 delete individual files from RAM card 3 39 deleting a channel from the test plan 3 3
41. TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics Precision Frequency Reference Standard Resolution Accuracy 55 25 M Hz Ch 21 2325 25 MHz Ch 411 0643 25 MHz Ch 941 Option 704 Frequency Reference Resolution Accuracy 55 25 M Hz ICh 2 2325 25 M Hz ICh 411 0643 25 MHz Ch 941 Will not meet FCC frequency accuracy requirements Visual to Aural Carrier Frequency Difference Difference Range Resolution Accuracy Visual Carrier Level Amplitude Range Resolution Absolute Accuracy Relative Accuracy Visual to Aural Carrier level Difference Difference Range Resolution Accuracy 9 4 100 Hz 31 2 1077 x carrier frequency 110 Hal 411742 f149 Hz 187 Hz 1 kHz 07 5 x 107 x carrier frequency 110 Hz 524 Hz f2 55 kHz 34 93 kHz Frequency difference between visual end aural carriers is counted 4 1to 4 9 MHz 100 Hz 221 for precision frequency ref std 254 uz for Option 704 frequency ref The peek amplitude of the visual carrier is measured to en absolute standard traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology 15 to 70dBmV 0 1 dB 2 0dBfor S N gt 30 dB 1 0 dB relative to adjacent channels in frequency 1 5 dB relative to all other channels The difference between peak amplitudes of the visual and aural carrier is measured 0 to 25 dB 0 1 dB 10 75 dBfor S N gt 30 dB Specifications and Test Aids Cable TV Measurement Specifications a
42. The analyzer defaults to line 12 but any quiet line can be used Line 12 is quiet on most channels Measuring noise on a quiet line is called a gated measurement That is the analyzer gates its frequency domain measurement during a specific time slot that slot being during the selected quiet line Option 107 is required to make this measurement 8 13 Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description Pressing CARRIER NOISE can have different results depending on 2 keys in the setup menu GATING YES NO and PAUSE YES NO GATING set to NO and PAUSE set to YES are the best settings for initially becoming familiar with carrier to noise test GATING set to NO causes the carrier to noise test to initially enter the first variation of the test as described above At this point you can observe the noise at the lower channel boundary If there is a composite second order product at the lower channel boundary the marker will move slightly above it This noise value is the system noise from the output of the headend to the point of measurement It does not include noise contributed by headend active components or converters Thus noise measured the lower channel boundary must be added to the noise contributions of headend components and converters if used To move from the non gated to the gated test press CONTINUE Now depending on the setting of PAUSE and option 107 being present the test will either stop with
43. This can be done with individual channel filters a high pass filter a low pass filter or an adjustable bandpass filter When the attenuator switches to the next higher value the noise floor raises 10 dBwhich degrades the signal to noise ratio by 10 dB For C N the attenuator switches from 0 dB to 10 dB at 37 dBmV Keeping the total power just below that will obtain the best signal to noise A 1dBfor smaller than 10 dB step attenuator used in conjunction with a filter will provide the best coverage of signal range for optimizing the total power at the input Optimizing the Total Power at the Input If the analyzer correction value dictates that it is necessary to optimize the analyzer noise floor for a particular configuration press the following keys CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input TOTL PWR INPUT For carrier to noise the attenuator switch point from 0 dB to 10 dB attenuation is at 37 dBmV It follows that the attenuator switch point from 10 dBto 20 dBis at 47 dBmV and increments proportionately with each 10 dB step in attenuation For distortion measurements of CSO and CTB the attenuator switch point is 27 dBmV Then it follows that the attenuator switch point from 10 dB to 20 dB is at 37 dBmV and increments proportionately for each 10 dB attenuator switch point 2 21 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Chroma luma delay 1 Select a channel then press Main 1 of 3 Main 2 of 3 inequality
44. To exit this mode press any softkey Press to access TV RECEIVER Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ Description Allows you to define the center frequency for a user defined channel This channel is then accessed by selecting channel 0 zero The setting defined here is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the setting even when power is turned off until a new setting is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access CHNL 0 CNTR FRQ Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 USR CH O SPAN Description Allows you to define the span for a user defined channel This channel is then accessed by selecting channel 0 zero The setting defined here is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the setting even when power is turned off until a new setting is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access CHNL 0 SPAN Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions Test Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter Test Descriptions This chapter describes the cable TV tests found in the Channel and System modes of operation The test descriptions are as
45. YES NO FREQ ON OFF FRQ RSLN 10 100Hz MENU CENTER 57 088 MHz WRES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SHP 75 8 msec RT Figure 2 8 10 Hz Resolution Hints For best results the carrier to noise ratio in 4 MHz BW of the system should be 40 dB or greater and the measured signal level should be 30 dB or greater above the displayed noise during the test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Carrier to noise test 1 Select a channel then press Main 1 of 3 CARRIER NOISE 2 Perform the following steps for analyzers both without and with Option 107 when GATING is set to NO a The marker defaults to the minimum system noise near the lower channel boundary Wait for the analyzer to return an answer b To perform the carrier to noise test according to FCC requirements unless using the component summation method remove the modulation c Using the knob move the marker to the desired position in the indicated FCC MEASUREMENT RANGE see Figure 2 9 Note that the test compares the noise level at the analyzer input to that of the analyzer itself If these levels are within 3 dB of each other the analyzer will display the message See MORE INFO next to the measurement result See Figure 2 10 If the difference is less than 2 2 dB the message is in inverse video Refer to Chapter 8 for more detailed information about the carrier to noise measurement 12 05 12 NOV 23 1993
46. a RAM card Pressing Measure Now will display a screen that allows the option of selecting CTB testing Then the DUMP TO SCREEN DUMP TO PRINTER DUMP TO CARD and Main Menu softkeys are accessed Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS accesses Measure Now Step 3 Install a printer in Chapter 1 NEXT PAGE Description Allows you to select the next page of on screen test results Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No DUMP TO SCREEN to access NEXT PAGE Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 6 22 Saving the current test plan in plan 1 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions NO Description Allows you to select not to do the function If you press CLEAR TST PLAN and then press NO you have selected not to clear the current test plan from analyzer memory If you enter a channel by using ENTER BY CHANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE and then press NO the channel or range of channels will be treated as channels that are not scrambled NO is accessed either by pressing CLEAR TST PLAN or by entering a channel number with ENTER BY CHANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE PLAN 1 Description Allows you to select test plan 1 as the test plan number for either saving the current test plan or recalling a previously saved test plan Saving the current test plan overwrites any test plan previously saved in plan 1 When you save the current te
47. a preamplifier to boost the input signal ensure that the voltage and power of the input signal does not exceed the specified input limits for the analyzer See Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics in Chapter 9 for more information about the minimum carrier level needed a The wrong tune configuration was selected e Ensure that the correct tune configuration has been selected The external pad function was selected but an external pad was not used e If you are not using an external pad ensure that EXT PAD YES NO softkey label has NO underlined See Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 3 for more information If You Have a Problem Other Problems If the wrong date or time is displayed The analyzer has a real time clock that is powered by an internal battery If the real time clock is set to the wrong time or date use the following procedure to reset the time and date 1 Press CONFIG TIMEDATE 2 If the time and date are not displayed in the upper left corner of the analyzer screen press TIMEDATE ON OFF so that ON is underlined 3 To reset the time press SET TIME enter the time in 24 hour format in the hour minute second format using the data keys then press ENTER For example entering 133010 corresponds 1 30 10 PM 4 To reset the date press SET DATE enter the date in the year month day format then press ENTER For example entering 910305 corresponds to Marc
48. are held for the number of sweeps set in CYCLES MSMT The peak to peak result is calculated then divided by 2 to get peak deviation If a test signal were used the peak deviation could be measured in one sweep Live audio is normally used with CYCLESIMSMT set to 25 or more to ensure that peak deviations are found and results are consistent The peak FM deviation result is the sum of all the components of the FM signal at an instant in time This is controlled by the program material and whether it is mono stereo second audio program etc Cross Modulation Test Description The cross modulation test measures the first 15 7 kHz cross modulation sideband relative to the visual carrier of the channel Note that this test is only available in Channel mode 16 56 38 DEC 06 1993 q CHANNEL STD MKR 4 300 kHz REF 25 5 dBaV AT 10 dB 66 60 dB O Hz 25 31 dBnV CENTER 433 258 MHz SPAN Hz YRES BW 100 kHz VBW 100 kHz SHP 20 0 msec Figure 8 18 Cross Modulation Modulation must be turned off in order to perform this test The analyzer is tuned to the carrier frequency and put in zero span A fast fourier transform is performed on the signal and the magnitude of the 15 7 kHz incidental modulation is measured relative to the carrier 8 44 System Frequency Response Test Description This test is used to compare the frequency response at a reference point in the system to any other points in the system It can also be u
49. cases or if YOU are lost in the CABLE TV ANALYZER mode press to reenter the CABLE TV ANALYZER mode then enter a channel number If you want to set the analyzer to the power on default conditions after using the cable TV functions you can either cycle the power or press PRESET 5 After exiting any test you can step up or down to an adjacent numbered channel by pressing step up or TL step down 6 Appropriate vertical interval test signals VITS must be present for meaningful results in in channel frequency response differential gain and phase and chromalluma delay inequality tests Advertisement insertion equipment may cause the signals to be deleted during their active time Note that if a channel is not selected before executing a test the message PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL will be displayed A channel must be entered before continuing with the test Carrier level and frequency test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Select a channel then press CARRIER LVL amp FRQ The peak visual carrier level and visual to aural carrier difference appear on the screen See Figure 2 6 Press FREQ ON OFF to underline ON The visual carrier frequency and visual to aural carrier frequency difference appear on the screen See Figure 2 7 Press FRQ RSLN 10 100 Hz to select between the readout resolution of 100 Hz or 10 Hz 100 Hz is the default setting as 10 Hz significantly slows down the m
50. descriptions for each test 9 6 Specifications and Test Aids Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Char acteristics Analyzer Noise CSO and CTB Characteristics Correction 7dB 80 C N Characteristics Accuracy 3 548 Out Of Measurement o o OUT OF RANGE o 2 o o Noise Correction 3dB Accuracy 208 wo C N Ratio with Preselector CSO and CTB Range dBc 1 50 Accuracy Input LL 1 11 attenuator 10 10 17 20 2730 096 1 527 30 Peak Vi ie i Li 37 Visual Carrier Peak dBmV 27 _ 37 1068 Visua Carrier evel 37 E 20dB C N Accuracy of o Single Channel 47 i 0 7210 CSO Accuracy CTB Accuracy Out of Measurement Ronge B Accuracy 5 2 Out of Mecsurement Range CSO Ronge dB without Presetector Range without Preselector F 1 54 pee he asas 5 0 l D 35 20 Visto Cover 10 15 20 25 30 35 10 Visual Carrier dBm at Spectrum Analyzer 20 25 30 35 40 45 2008 at Spectrum 25 50 35 Input input Measurement Range Range for for 77 Channels 77 Channels un o Crossmodulation Horizontal line 115 7 kHz related AM is measured on the unmodulated visual carrier Range 60 dB usable to 65 dB R
51. information for this entry is from the analyzer used to do the testing See Also Step 3 Install a printer in Chapter 1 Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 6 15 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DUMP TO RAM CARD Description Allows you to store the test results on a RAM card when using Measure Now or Timed Measure The RAM card must be formatted and ready for use to store the test data A test data file is stored on the RAM card for each instance of a measurement set for Timed Measure Up to 34 files of test data can be stored on a 128 kilobyte or 8 files on a 32 kilobyte RAM card A file name is created for each file of test data stored on a RAM card The file name for the test data consists of a t FILE an underscore _ and a number between 1 and 40 that you enter If you use the same number as an existing file stored on a RAM card it overwrites the file on the RAM card For Timed Measure file numbers begin with the number you enter and are automatically incremented with each measurement set Overwriting a file does not change the time and date entry shown when the RAM card is cataloged If you want the time and date to reflect when the new file was written to the RAM card you need to delete the existing file then save the new file If there is not e
52. key 2 23 2 39 fields default 2 7 3 7 file length 6 8 file name 6 7 Ele name for test data 6 16 Ele number 3 21 files if RAM card Eles are missing 4 12 file title entering 3 28 file title using external keyboard 3 28 file type 6 7 finding the beat products CTB testing 8 19 firmware analyzer xiv firmware date xiv flatness 8 45 FLD BOTH EVEN ODD key 2 16 2 52 5 17 FM deviation test 8 43 FM DEV key 2 46 format a RAM card 3 37 Index 7 FORMAT CARD key 3 37 FREQ ON OFF key 2 12 FREQ RSLN 10 100 Hz key 2 12 frequency allocations Q 10 FREQUENCY key 5 14 5 23 frequency response setup 8 45 frequency response using two points 2 59 FRQ RSLN 10 100 Hz key 2 12 G gain amplifier 7 10 gated measurement channel meas setup 2 6 gated measurement setup 1 12 GATE ON OFF description 5 17 GATE ON OFF key 2 16 2 26 5 17 GATING YES NO key 2 6 2 16 2 26 5 17 GCR key 2 52 GCR test signal 2 51 general safety considerations ix getting started 1 2 Ghost Cancellation Reference signal 2 52 GO TO CSO CTB key 2 20 GOTO PAGE description 6 21 GOTO PAGE key 3 17 grounding problems troubleshooting 2 48 guide conventions xiii H harmonically related carrier tune configuration selecting 7 12 hints carrier level and frequency test 2 14 carrier to noise measurements 2 20 CHANNEL SELECT 5 10 cross modulation measurement 2 30 CSO CTB measurement 2 28 depth of modulation measurement 2 3
53. location code is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory however Storing the location code in nonvolatile memory means that once a location code is entered it will be used as the location code until a new location code is entered or the HP 85721A personality program is deleted from analyzer memory Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS accesses ENTER LOCATION Step 3 Enter the location code in Chapter 3 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions ENTER TEMP Description Allows you to enter the temperature You can enter a number from 999 to 999 The temperature is entered without Celsius or Fahrenheit units The analyzer does not measure the temperature You must provide the temperature reading You do not have to enter a temperature it is only for your convenience If you do not enter a temperature the default temperature entry will either be the temperature that was previously entered or if a temperature reading was not previously entered a 0 On the RAM card the temperature entry is stored in the test data file The temperature entry is printed when the test data is printed In analyzer memory the temperature entry is not stored with the current test plan in plans 1 through 5 The temperature entry is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory however Storing the temperature entry in nonvolatile memory means that once a temperature is entered
54. lower than the actual signal level For example if the marker displays 50 dBc the actual signal level is closer to 47 dBc 2 61 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Step 4 Access the spectrum analyzer mode 1 Press the desired spectrum analyzer front panel hardkey function or 2 Press PRESET 3 To use the spectrum analyzer operating mode while in the cable TV analyzer operating mode select a front panel hard key for example AMPLITUDE FREQUENCY then make adjustments and measurements as needed Then press to return to the cable TV analyzer operating mode When the analyzer is in the spectrum analyzer operating mode CHNL is no longer displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display 2 62 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode optional 1 Press MODE TV RECEIVER 2 Press CHANNEL SELECT enter the channel you want to view with the numeric keypad then press ENTER You can also select channels by using the large knob or arrow keys on the front panel 3 Press PIX amp SND ON OFF to turn the picture and sound on 4 Adjust the volume and intensity knobs for the desired volume level and picture intensity 5 To exit TV picture and sound press any of the following WINDOWS oN AUX CTRL MODE or any softkey 6 Additionally the TV picture and sound can be accessed from within the channel measurements mod
55. mode the frequency counter resolution can be changed to 10 Hz without affecting measurement accuracy Refer to the specifications in the HP 8591C Calibration Guide Figure 8 2 shows the analyzer measuring the visual and aural carriers 16135122 OEC 1993 fe CHANNEL B STO CNTR 55 2608 miz REF 34 6 dBmV AT 10 dB 34 64 dBmY NEXT PEAK CHANNEL gt SCRAMBLO YES NQ FREQ ON off FRO RSLN 10 190Hz E MENU CENTER 57 888 MHz SPAN 6 088 MHz WRES BW 300 kHz WUBH 3 MHz SHP 75 0 msec RT Figure 8 2 Measuring the Visual Frequency and Aural Frequency Difference 8 5 Test Descriptions Visual Carrier Frequency and Visual to Aural Frequency Difference Test Description The aural carrier needs to be within 4 5 MHz 0 4 MHz of the visual carrier to be detected as the aural carrier If the aural carrier cannot be detected the visual to aural frequency difference measurement cannot be done and a will appear in the system measurement test data for the channel 8 6 1 In between channels Carrier to N oise Ratio Test Description The result of the carrier to noise measurement is the ratio of the peak visual carrier level modulated or unmodulated to the noise measured in one of the manners described below This ratio is normalized to a 4 MHz noise power bandwidth There are three methods of measuring carrier to noise 1 In between channels 2 Disable modulation and measure over FCC range
56. modulation off to make the measurement The gated measurement has the added flexibility of being able to measure over a much wider frequency range This is necessary when measuring with a video signal present because the noise floor is very often not flat Therefore measuring at a single point and converting to a 4 MHz bandwidth can give incorrect results The FCC rules stipulate that when the noise floor is not flat that it must be integrated or summed The gated carrier to noise test integrates over as wide a range as it can It defaults to 85 of the 4 MHz range It cannot be 100 because the carrier is always present and cannot be gated away However the noise below the carrier is almost always equal to or less than the noise in the rest of the channel so it is conservative to assume the integrated value also applies to the noise under the carrier You can change the range of 85 Entering 1 replicates the non gated noise measurement range Refer to Carrier to noise test in Chapter 2 for information on how to make a measurement 8 15 1 Channel CSD 2 CSD using gating function Composite Second Order CSO Test Description Three methods of measuring CSO are described here e channel CSO e CSO using gating function e system CSO The analyzer measures the total cable TV system power and adjusts its input attenuation for optimum performance refer to the graphs in Chapter 9 Distortion near noise corrections are used to
57. of operation except that it is accessed from a front panel hardkey Press AUX CTRL to access Monitor TV Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions PICTURE ON OFF Description Allows you to turn the TV picture on and off This feature is the same as the TV RECEIVER mode of operation except that it is accessed from a front panel hardkey Press AUX CTRL Monitor TV to access PICTURE ON OFF Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 PIX amp SND ON OFF Description Allows you to view the TV picture and listen to the sound simultaneously This feature allows you to quickly identify picture quality problems such as noise distortion hum and ingress Select a channel by pressing CHANNEL SELECT entering a TV channel number then pressing PIX amp SND ON OFF To exit this mode press any softkey Press TV RECEIVER to access PIX amp SND ON OFF Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode in Chapter 2 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions Setup Description Allows you to access the softkeys used to set up defaults for channel tuning configuration input configuration non interfering RF and video measurement configurations and channel to test for system beats The channel tuning configuration softkeys include STD AIR IRC
58. of testing the CTB of each channel The marker does a local peak search to assure it is measuring the peak of the beat The composite triple beat CTB test measures the relative level of third order inter modulation products that align in frequency with the carrier under test System CTB testing is intended to be performed on only one channel and is performed at an offset from the channel specified using the SYS BTS TST CHNL softkey in the Setup menu The offset is specified by CTB FREQ OFFSET the default value is 6 MHz Setting CTB FREQ OFFSET to 6 MHz will allow testing 6 MHz below the beats test channels The default location for measuring beats with the analyzer is in the unused frequency band between channels 4 and 5 In system measurement mode the analyzer Erst measures the peak level of the test channel channel 4 and then measures any composite triple beat products in the frequency gap between channels 4 and 5 Zf there is a signal within 200 kHz Of the CTB test channel the CTB results will be inaccurate If you are broadcasting a signal between channels 4 and 5 you must either turn off the signal or change the frequency at which CTB is tested The CTB measurement is done as follows The visual carrier peak level of the test channel is measured Test Descriptions Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description The visual carrier peak level of the test channel default is channel 4 is measured 2 Contr
59. or modulation according to FCC rules Relative measurements showing cable TV equipment contributions may also be helpful in meeting FCC requirements T cannot perform on scrambled channels Option 107 required 3 2 Making System Measurements The system measurement mode of operation allows you to create and save test plans that contain the following setup information e channel numbers e tests to run e scrambling status If Option 107 is installed e vertical interval test signal VITS e VITS line number e Eeld odd even or both NOTE Appropriate vertical interval test signals VITS must be present for meaningful results in Option 107 based tests Advertisement insertion equipment may cause these signals to be deleted during their active time Once all test plans have been created and saved to internal memory or RAM card the measurement process is a simple six step operation Configure the test system Connect the signal to the analyzer Enter the location code 1 2 3 4 Enter the temperature 5 Recall a test plan from internal memory or RAM card 6 Make the measurement select between immediate or timed measurements Optional steps include accessing the spectrum analyzer mode and accessing the TV receiver mode Option 107 required 3 3 System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 1 Configure the test system The Setup menu is used to set up channel tuning a user
60. or system mode of operation Deleting the HP 85721A Personality from the Analyzer 2 Channel Measurements What You ll Find in This Chapter Making Channel Measurements Step 1 Configure the test system Step 2 Connect the signal to the ahalyzer Step 3 Make the measurements Method 1 Tune by center and frequency span Method 2 Tune by start and stop frequencies Step 4 Access the spectrum analyzer mode Step 5 Access the TV receiver mode optional 3 System M easurements What You ll Find in This Chapter Making System Measurements Step 1 Configure the test system Step 2 Connect the signal to the Step 3 Enter the location code Step 4 Enter the temperature Step 5 Recall a test plan i Step 6 Make the measurements now E Step 7 Access the spectrum analyzer mode Step 8 Access the TV receiver mode optional 1 5 1 8 1 10 2 42 2 63 Contents 1 Making Timed System Measurements 3 20 Creating a Test Plan 3 3 22 Step 1 Select an individual channel our Se ae 3 23 Step 2 Select a range of channels optional 3 25 Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory 3 28 Step 4 Save the current test RA to a RAM card optional Np NES 3 30 Editing the Current Test Plan AC NT 3 31 Clearing the Current Test Plan 3 32 Cataloging Analyzer Memory TIE
61. receiver 7 3 menus maps system measurement mode 6 4 messages CHANNEL TURNED ON 2 28 ENTER 0 5 or 11 THRU MAX REG 5 21 FCC MEASUREMENT RANGE 2 15 Index 10 PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL 2 15 2 26 REGISTER 5 20 See MORE INFO 2 15 SETUP FINISHED SAVE THIS REFERENCE TRACE 5 24 TRACE B SAVED 5 25 minimum hold function 2 61 missing files 4 12 MODE key 1 14 5 23 modulated staircase diff gain phase 2 38 Monitor TV description 7 13 MORE INFO key 2 19 2 34 2 41 2 48 2 52 More key 2 27 MULTI BURST key 2 52 MUST BE gt FIRST error message 4 7 N NEXT BEAT key 2 27 NEXT CHANNEL key 2 12 NEXT PAGE description 6 22 NEXT PAGE key 3 17 NO CARD FOUND error message 4 8 NO description 6 23 noise figure amplifier 7 10 noise level 2 15 non interfering carrier to noise 2 16 CSO CTB measurement 2 26 measurement setup 1 12 select from Setup menu 2 6 select pause before measuring 2 7 notes frequency response without recalling reference 5 16 STOP TEST to exit frequency response 5 16 NO TEST PLAN SELECTED error message 4 8 NTC 7 CMBNTN key 2 52 NTC 7 composite test signal 2 38 NTC 7 COMPOSIT key 2 39 NTC 7 test signal 2 51 NTSC 8 35 number of records 6 7 Index 11 OF AVERAGES key 2 40 offset CTB testing 8 19 offset CLDI 2 24 off the air tune configuration selecting 7 6 option 101 Fast Time Domain Sweeps 2 32 option 102 2 46 option 102 TV Sync 2 32 option 301 2 4
62. reference level of the analyzer is changed to the level of the visual carrier Changes the amplitude scale and span of the analyzer Measures the minimum level and the maximum level and calculates the percentage of AM modulation depth Test Descriptions Depth of Modulation Test Description The amplitude scale is changed from logarithmic dB to linear volts and the span is set to 0 Hertz to demodulate the signal and display time domain characteristics The analyzer measures the minimum level and the maximum level The minimum level corresponds to the vertical interval test signal VITS white level and the maximum level corresponds to the horizontal synchronization pulse H sync level The ratio of the minimum level the VITS white level to the maximum level the H sync pulse level subtracted from a value of 1 and multiplied by 100 gives the percentage of modulation 1 minimum maximum 100 Figure 2 27 shows the analyzer measuring the minimum and maximum levels 14 44 51 NOV 23 1993 47 CHANNEL 4 STD MKR 3 9750 msec REF 83 86 mV AT I0 dB 10 314 mV X CENTER 67 275 MHz SPAN 0 Hz RES BW 1 0 MHz VBW 1 MHz SWP 30 0 msec Figure 8 9 Measuring the Depth of Modulation The depth of modulation result is displayed at the
63. set to NO and PAUSE set to YES are the best settings for initially becoming familiar with carrier to beats test GATING set to NO causes the carrier to beats test to initially enter the first variation of the test as described above At this point you can observe the 1 25 MHz beat at the lower channel boundary To move from the non gated to the gated test press CONTINUE Now depending on the setting of PAUSE and option 107 being present the test will either stop with line 12 displayed or move directly into the gated carrier to noise test When PAUSE is set to YES line 12 is displayed giving you the opportunity to explore the vertical interval by changing the line and Eeld values A different line from 12 can be selected If PAUSE is set to NO this step is skipped unless the analyzer Ends it cannot recognize a quiet line It begins looking for a quiet line on line 12 but if it Ends line 12 to be not quiet it moves to line 10 searches both Eelds there and moves up through the lines to 20 looking for a quiet line Therefore when PAUSE is NO it will still pause if it cannot End a quiet line When GATING is set to YES pressing 50 results in bypassing of variation 1 Then if PAUSE is set to NO the analyzer will move directly to the gated test It is intended that you will select this configuration of GATING and PAUSE after becoming familiar with the operation of the test 8 23 Hum Test Description The hum test measure
64. single measurement point the INTGRTN RNG SET softkey allows you to specify a range over which the measurement will be made This accounts for the non flatness of the noise floor Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions LISTEN ON OFF Description The listen on function is available in analyzers with demodulation capability Option 102 The listen on function demodulates the aural carrier so that it is audible through the built in speaker 1 Select a channel then press LISTEN ON 2 Adjust volume with the front panel volume knob 3 Press LISTEN OFF to exit the function Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions RECALL FRM INT Description The recall from internal memory function recalls a trace into trace B for use as a reference trace or to recall a system frequency response trace This function simplifies recalling a trace from the analyzers internal memory A trace can also be recalled from a memory card using procedures provided in the analyzer user s guide 1 To recall a trace into trace B press RECALL FRM INT 2 After the message REGISTER appears enter the trace number the trace was stored under in SAVE TRB TO INT then press ENTER The trace is recalled to trace B in view mode It is complete when the message MAX REG 52 is added to the display as sh
65. test NOTE Option 107 is required for the Chromalluma delay inequality test 2 The line number of a test signal is found automatically if a test signal exists The search starts at the default line number line 18 If a test signal is not found the search routine will stop at the first NTC 7 or FCC composite test signal it finds while counting down from line 22 to line 10 Figure 2 14 shows the FCC composite test signal Figure 2 15 shows the NTC 7 composite test signal 14 22 59 NOV 23 1993 20 39 200 REF 142 6 mV AT 10 dB 84 242 mV SELECT TV LINE LIN FIELD 000 EVEN AUTO SIG SEARCH Select Test Sig CONTINUE CENTER RE S67 BW249300MH Zk HZ VBW 3 MHz SWPSPAN80 pS GHZ Figure 2 14 FCC Composite Test Signal 2 22 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 12 23 23 NOV 23 1993 REF 119 5 mV AT 1008 SELECT LINE Ein FIELD ODD EVEN OF AVERAGES AUTO SIG SEARCH WA SB sc TC Select CORRI Test Sig CONTINUE CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN O HZ RES BW300 kHz VBW 3 MHZ SWP BO psec Figure 2 15 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal NOTE Chromalluma delay inequality measurements cannot be performed without a test signal line containing a 12 5T pulse Non standard test signal timing will affect results The analyzer s internal frequency cal
66. tests Q Q cross modulation Q 7 CSO CTB distortion 9 6 depth of modulation 9 5 Digital Channel Power 9 5 FM deviation 9 5 frequency response setup 9 8 frequency response test 9 8 hum 9 5 input configuration 9 3 non interfering gate on Q Q Option 704 freq reference 9 4 precision freq reference 9 4 visual carrier freq 9 3 visual carrier level 9 4 visual to aural carrier freq difference 9 4 visual to aural carrier level difference 9 4 SPECTRUM ANALYZER key 3 18 spectrum analyzer mode how to access 2 62 3 18 staircase packet 5th exclude from measurement 2 39 standard tune configuration selecting 7 16 starting address 6 7 START TIME description 6 31 START TIME key 3 20 STD description 7 16 STD key 2 4 3 4 stopping a measurement 6 6 STOP TEST key 2 58 STOP TIME 3 20 STOP TIME description 6 31 store data to RAM card 6 30 Index 15 STORE TO CARD description 6 30 STORE TO CARD key 3 17 storing calibration results 1 8 storing test results 6 16 supported analyzers 1 2 support information 9 2 survey map 9 23 survey system 3 22 swept in channel freq response 2 51 SWP TEST SETUP key 2 51 SYS BTS TST CHNL description 7 17 SYS BTS TST CHNL key 3 7 3 14 System Beats description 7 18 System Beats key 3 7 system beats measurement setup 3 7 system carrier to noise 2 15 system flatness 8 45 system frequency response 8 45 SYSTEM FRQ RESP key 2 57 SYSTEM MEAS description
67. that contains the limit line table entries Limit lines are composed of frequency and amplitude components that make up a trace array and this data is stored in the Ele The limit line Ele feature is available on analyzers that are capable of limit line operation Refer also to limit line limit line table The line segments of a limit line are stored in the limit line table The table can be recalled to edit the line segments then restored in the limit line file Refer also to limit line log display The display mode in which vertical deflection is a logarithmic function of the input signal voltage Log display is also referred to as logarithmic mode The display calibration is set by selecting the value of the top graticule line reference level and scale factor in volts per division On Hewlett Packard analyzers the bottom graticule line represents 0 volts for scale factors of 10 dB division or more The bottom division therefore is not calibrated for those analyzers Analyzers with microprocessors allow reference level and marker values to be indicated in dBm dBmV dByV volts and occasionally in watts Nonmicroprocessor based analyzers usually offer only one kind of unit typically dBm marker A visual indicator we can place anywhere along the displayed trace A marker readout indicates the absolute value of the trace frequency and amplitude at the marked point The amplitude value is displayed with the currently selected units m
68. the cable noise level and there is significant channel loading present The messages above are the analyzer best guess as to what to do given the conditions it can determine They are not foolproof and are intended to be taken as suggestions only not concrete rules for what to do Test Descriptions Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description Once the optimum input power level is achieved it does not need to be readjusted for each channel All channels can be measured without further adjustments to the input level The CSO CTB test has 2 variations The Erst is the traditional method where the video modulation is either left on and the 1 25 MHz CSO beat is measured at the lower channel boundary or the carrier is turned off and the CTB amp CSO beats are measured The second variation is measuring the CSO beats during the vertical interval on a single horizontal line that has no modulation This is referred to as a quiet line The analyzer defaults to line 12 but any quiet line can be used Line 12 is quiet on most channels Measuring CSO beats on a quiet line is called a gated measurement That is the analyzer gates its frequency domain measurement during a specific time slot that slot being during the selected quiet line Note that Option 107 is required to make this measurement Pressing CSO CTB can have different results depending on 2 keys in the setup menu the GATING YES NO and the PAUSE YES NO keys GATING
69. then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 4 If you want to print the results press COPY 5 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 48 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements s 57 00 NOV 23 1993 27 MKR A 29 850 msec REF82 70 mV AT 10 dB 996 x LIN D HUM LOW FREQ pane DR 3 CENTER 67 23 5 MHz SPAN 0 Hz BESBW1 0 MHz VBW 30 0 msec Figure 2 30 Hum Measurement 18 04 33DEC 13 1 9 9 3 47 CHANNEL STD MKR a 12D Hz REF 38 8 dBmV AT 18 dB 58 70 dB 0 206542 CENTER 67 248 MHz SPAN BHz YRES BH1 0MHz VBWIM Hz YSWP 800 msec Figure 2 31 Hum More Information 2 49 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Hints 1 For best results the channel carrier to noise ratio should be 40 dB or greater in a 4 MHz noise bandwidth 2 The hum test requires a carrier wave or NTSC signal It cannot give meaningful results when a channel uses sync suppression scrambling unless the measurement is made at the subscriber terminal output of a descrambler Measuring hum with video modulation present requires that all sync tips have the same general level in order to measure their variation When the hum test is performed on channels with sync suppression scrambling it gives completely meaningless numbers 2 5
70. there is not enough space available on the RAM card to save the file To solve this problem you can delete one or all unwanted files from the RAM card e To delete files individually from the RAM card follow the procedure in Deleting Individual Files from a RAM Card in Chapter 3 e To delete all the files from the RAM card follow the procedure in Deleting AII the Files from a RAM Card in Chapter 3 MUST BE gt FIRST This message indicates that the last channel number entered for a range of channel numbers is less than the first channel number To solve this problem e Enter a channel number for the last channel number that is greater than the first channel number 4 7 If You Have a Problem Error Messages NO CARD FOUND This message indicates that a memory card has not been inserted into the analyzer s memory card reader To solve this problem insert the appropriate RAM or ROM card into the memory card reader e If you want to load the HP 85721A personality insert the HP 85721A personality s ROM card into the memory card reader e If you want to store or recall data insert a RAM card into the memory card reader NO TEST PLAN SELECTED This message indicates that there is not a current test plan to test To solve this problem you need to create a test plan or recall a saved test plan e For information about creating a test plan see Creating a Test Plan in Chapter 3 e For in
71. to the channel format at the top of the screen in the title line See Figure 5 6 15 19 00 NOV 23 1993 CHANNEL 2 STD REF 15 8 dBmv AT 10 dB ANNE PEAK meg LOG 10 d8 LISTEN ON CHANNEL 2 FM DEV VIEW INGRESS CARRIER LVL amp FRQ Main 1of 3 CENTER 57 000 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz RES BW 30 kHz VBW 30 kHz SwP 20 O msec Figure 5 6 Channel Selected 5 10 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Hints 1 The visual carrier of a channel must be on before the CHANNEL SELECT function can correctly center the channel 2 Do not use the data knob for selecting channels 5 11 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DL DELTA ON OFF Description The display line delta function displays the change in percent between a reference display line and the display line activated by pressing DL DELTA ON OFF The percentage is displayed in the active function block 1 Set up the desired measurement 2 Press DISPLAY then DSP LINE ON OFF to activate the display line to be used as the reference 3 Use the knob to position the display line 4 Press More 1 of 2 then DL DELTA ON OFF to activate the display line delta function 5 Position the display line delta using the knob 6 Read the percent change in
72. 0 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements In channel frequency 1 Select a channel then press Main 1 of 3 Main 2 of 3 response test IN CHAN FRY 2 Press SWP TEST SETUP if you will be using a manually swept signal or line sweep as a test signal See Figure 8 16 This setup puts Trace A into max hold with 2 markers and with Trace B active a After Trace A achieves sufficient data the markers can be placed on the peak and the valley using the keys MARKER 1 and MARKER 2 b Pressing CALC FRQ RESP calculates the frequency response using the positions of the 2 markers C Pressing RESTART MAX HOLD resets Trace A Hints a Press the NEXT HOLD key to clear the active area to make markers more visible if placed there b Try using line sync when the sweep signal is sweeping at a rate near the vertical sync rate Press TRIG LINE If Option 107 is installed press VITS TEST to select a vertical interval test signal for testing a The analyzer automatically defaults to line number 19 An appropriate test signal may or may not be present at this line number Test signals can be GCR FCC multiburst NTC 7 combination multiburst or sin X X Refer to Figure 2 32 Figure 2 33 Figure 2 34 and Figure 2 35 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE Test signals for in channel frequency response measurements must be found and selected manually Multiburst and NTC 7 combination frequency pa
73. 0 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 STD 889 2500 895 2500 9012500 907 2500 913 2500 919 2500 925 2500 931 2500 937 2500 943 2500 949 2500 955 2500 961 2500 967 2500 973 2500 979 2500 985 2500 991 2500 997 2500 Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 continued Picture Carrier Frequency MHz HRC 888 0444 894 0447 900 0450 906 0453 912 0456 918 0459 924 0462 930 0465 936 0468 942 0471 948 0474 954 0477 960 0480 966 0483 972 0486 978 0489 984 0492 990 0495 996 0498 889 2625 895 2625 9012625 907 2625 913 2625 919 2625 925 2625 9312625 931 2625 343 2625 949 2625 955 2625 961 2625 961 2625 913 2625 919 2625 985 2625 991 2625 997 2625 Historical Reference Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 3 FM Broadcast Channels Channel No Frequency MHz Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 3 FM Broadcast Channels continued Channel No Frequency MHz 9 20 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 3 FM Broadcast Channels continued Channel No Frequency MHz Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 4 T Channels Standard Channel Channel Survey Map The following channel survey map is intended to be used as a test aid Line numbers of quiet lines and test s
74. 000 MHz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 6 90 sec Figure 2 36 Results with GCR or line Sweep Test Signal 2 55 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements WS 04 5 1993 CHANNEL 4 STD MKR 70 875 MHz REF 23 0 dBmv dB 5 70 dBmV MARKER 1 MARKER 2 FREG RESP dB M B ZENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 6 90 sec Figure 2 37 Results with FCC Multi Burst Test Signal 05 5523 V 1993 CHANNEL 4 STD MKR 70 850 MHz REF 23 0 dBmV___ AT O dB 15 76 OBnV MARKER 4 GTPOS LOG 4 dB MARKER 2 oe Bee MEASUREMENT du MKA 1 17 1 MKA 2 15 7 7 os wa CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 6 90 sec Figure 2 38 More Information Multi Burst Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements System frequency 1 To perform a cable TV overall system frequency response press the response test following analyzer keys Main of 3 Main 2 of 3 SYSTEM FRQ RESP 2 Press ENTER STRT FRQ enter the start frequency of your system then press ENTER 3 Press ENTER STOP FRQ enter the stop frequency of your system then press ENTER NOTE The start and stop frequencies for the measurement should be the same as the reference trace for meaningful results 4
75. 1 deleting a test for a channel 3 31 deleting the current test plan 3 32 deleting the test plan 6 9 delta marker 2 61 depth mod disturbances when measuring 2 31 DEPTH MOD key 2 31 depth of modulation test 8 28 DIF GAIN DIF PHAZ key 2 37 DIGITAL CH POWER Key 2 42 DIP switches 1 11 display analog mode 2 35 display gt card key 2 12 2 19 2 25 2 28 2 30 2 35 2 41 2 46 2 48 DISPLAY key 3 28 display results on screen system mode 3 14 DISP LINE ON key 2 35 Dispose User Mem key 1 6 disposing of programs 1 6 Index 5 DL DELTA ON OFF description 5 12 DL DELTA ON OFF key 2 35 DO FRQ RESP TST description 5 14 DO FRQ RESP TST key 2 57 5 14 DONE description 6 13 DONE key 3 24 3 26 DSP LINE ON OFF key 5 12 DUMP TO PRINTER description 6 13 DUMP TO PRINTER key 3 14 3 2 1 DUMP TO RAM CARD description 6 16 DUMP TO RAM CARD key 3 15 3 21 DUMP TO SCREEN description 6 17 DUMP TO SCREEN key 3 14 dynamic range optimizing 2 6 3 6 E edit a test plan 3 31 ending a measurement 6 6 ENTER BY CHANNEL description 6 18 ENTER BY CHANNEL key 3 23 3 31 ENTER BY RANGE description 6 18 ENTER BY RANGE key 3 25 entering a channel 6 18 entering a range of channels 6 18 entering the location 6 19 entering the start time 3 20 6 31 entering the stop time 3 20 6 31 entering the temperature 6 20 entering the time interval for timed testing 6 34 ENTER LOCATION description 6 19 ENTER L
76. 23 1993 7 CHANNEL 4 STD MKR 70 875 MHz REF 23 0 dBmV 15 70 dmv MARKER 1 MARKER 2 WA 58 sc Fy MORE CORR INFO FRHQ RESP QO A as we MENU CENTER 69 000 MHZ SPAN 6 000 MHz AES BW3 0 0 kHz VBW 3 MHZ SWP6 9 0 sec Figure g 17 Multi Burst Response Single line VITS Testing Single line vits testing can be performed on multiburst sin X X Philips ghost canceling reference GCR or NTC 7 combination GCR provides the best results because it has the most signal level and it is a swept frequency over the range of interest The sin X X is also a continuous signal in the frequency domain when using 100 kHz resolution bandwidth for detection Its lower energy content requires higher signal levels or averaging to be used to get equivalent results to the GCR Multiburst can be used but it does not provide a continuous display across the channel as does GCR and sin X X The NTC 7 combination signal is the least ideal It would be useful for relative measurements The frequency burst s lengths are not equal and too short in duration for the 300 kHz resolution bandwidth to capture them accurately Some modified NTC 7 combination test signals have near equal pulse widths and are more suitable for this test Refer to In channel frequency response test in Chapter 2 for illustrations of the various test signals 8 41 Relative Measurem
77. 5 667 2500 666 0333 667 2625 613 2500 672 0336 673 2625 619 2500 618 0339 679 2625 685 2500 684 0342 685 2625 691 2500 690 0345 691 2625 697 2500 696 0348 697 2625 703 2500 702 0351 103 2625 109 2500 108 0354 109 2625 This frequency deviates from the pattern Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 continued Channel Picture Carrier Frequency Historical Designation MHz Reference 115 2500 114 0357 115 2625 121 2500 120 0360 1212625 121 2500 126 0363 121 2625 133 2500 132 0366 1332625 139 2500 138 0369 139 2625 145500 144 0372 145 2625 151 2500 150 0315 1512625 151 2500 156 0378 151 2625 163 2500 162 0381 1632625 169 2500 168 0384 169 2625 115 2500 114 0387 115 2625 781 2500 780 0390 781 2625 787 2500 186 0393 1812625 193 2500 192 0396 193 2625 199 2500 198 0399 199 2625 805 2500 804 0402 805 2625 811 2500 810 0405 811 2625 817 2500 816 0408 817 2625 823 2500 822 041 8232625 829 2500 828 0414 829 2625 835 2500 834 0417 835 2625 841 2500 840 0420 841 2625 847 2500 846 0423 847 2625 853 2500 852 04 853 2625 859 2500 858 04 859 2625 865 2500 864 0432 856 2625 871 2500 870 04 8712625 877 2500 876 04 877 2625 883 2500 882 04 883 2625 9 17 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Channel Designation FE co c BR CO r Ee c 15
78. 5 FAST SWEEP for systems with channels not scrambled 5 26 frequency response 5 15 hum measurement 2 49 recover from wrong keys 2 11 reenter CABLE TV ANALYZER mode 2 1 I return to last used menu 2 1 1 save trace B to internal mem 5 22 set power on default state 2 11 SLOW SWEEP to measure vertical sync pulse 5 26 step to adjacent channel 2 11 system freq response 5 24 horizontal lines multiple 2 33 horizontal sync suppression scrambling 8 45 how to contact Hewlett Packard 4 16 Index 8 HP IB interface Option 021 1 10 HRC description 7 12 HRC key 2 4 3 4 HUM key 2 48 hum percentage 2 48 8 24 hum test 8 24 if a appears in the data fields 4 13 if files are missing from a RAM card 4 12 if the test results are not what you expected 4 14 ILLEGAL COMMAND error message 4 6 immediate testing 3 14 impedance matching 7 11 IN CHAN FRQ RSP key 2 51 in channel freq response test 8 40 in channel frq test using VITS 2 51 incrementally related carrier tune configuration selecting 7 13 initiating testing 3 14 initiating testing later 6 33 input configuration 2 10 7 7 input level maximum 2 9 3 8 input power measure 2 9 3 8 input voltage excessive 2 5 inserting the card 1 4 INTERNAL CARD key 3 33 3 39 selecting the memory card 1 6 internal preamplifier 2 5 INTGRTN RNG SET key 5 18 INVALID FILE NO ROOM error message 4 7 INVALID SYMTAB ENTRY SYMTAB OVERFLOW error message 4 6 IR
79. 5 90 sec MKR 49 268 MHz 34 24 dBm ATTEN 5 STEP UP ATTEN STEP DN STEP UP STEP DOWN 80 TO C N Prev Menu SPAN 6 880 MHz SWP 6 98 sec RT Figure 2 18 CTB Measurement Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Cross modulation test 1 Select a channel turn off modulation then press Main 1 of 3 CROSSMOD 2 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 3 If you want to print the results press COPY 4 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 16156138 Oft 1993 m r CHANNEL STO MKR 4 388 kHz 26 5 dBm AT 18 dB 65 60 dB CENTER 433 259 MHz SPAN Hz RES BH 108 kHz VBW 100 kHz SUP 20 8 msec Figure 2 19 Cross Modulation Measurement Hints For best results the carrier to noise ratio of the system should be 40 dBc or greater in a 4 MHz noise bandwidth 2 30 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Depth of video 1 Select a channel then press Main 1 of DEPTH MOD modulation test da X 2 The result is displayed at the bottom of the screen This result is updated every 10 analyzer sweeps approximately every 3 seconds and continues until STOP MEAS or MAIN MENU is pressed See Figure 2 20
80. 6 1995 f CHRNNEL MES CSTD 26 46 mV AT 10 dB 5th packet FCC uc STOP 183 000 MHz SWP 20 psec Figure g 15 Differential Gain Differential Phase In Channel Frequency Response Test Descrip tion The in channel frequency response test sets the analyzer to view full field test signals such as multi burst sinX X or line sweep In addition it can view an in channel sweep signal The sweep signal can either be continuously or manually swept Figure 8 16 is the result of manually sweeping a signal generator across the measurement range Multi burst is a popular signal but it has some limitations Figure 8 17 shows full field FCC multi burst Note that the 0 5 MHz burst packet cannot be resolved in a resolution bandwidth of 300 kHz However 300 kHz is the minimum bandwidth required for the analyzer to accurately measure burst packets greater than 4 25 If all the burst packets were the same time duration a resolution bandwidth of 100 kHz could be used The burst height would not be accurate but they all have the same relative amplitude 7 CHANNEL T MKR 184 545 MHz PEAS 347 SdBmv 25 P 10 dB 20 64 dBmUMARKER 1 MARKER 2 RESTRRT MX HOLD CALC FRQ RESP MAIN MENU START 180 000 MHZ STOP 186 707 MHZ WRES BM 100 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 20 0 msec Figure E 16 In Channel Frequency Response 8 40 Test Descriptions In Channel Frequency Response Test Description 15 04 58 NOV
81. 6 options analyzer 1 3 other problems 4 12 15 OUT OF RANGE error message 4 9 P packet 5th exclude from measurement 2 39 PAL 8 35 pause before gated meas 2 7 pause before video meas channel mode 2 7 PAUSE YES NO key 2 7 5 17 peak sync pulse level 2 31 personality description of x picture and sound 7 14 PICTURE ON OFF description 7 14 PIX amp SND ON OFF description 7 14 PIX amp SND ON OFF key 2 63 PLAN 1 description 6 23 PLAN 2 description 6 24 PLAN 3 description 6 25 PLAN 4 description 6 25 PLAN 5 description 6 25 PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL error message 4 9 power line components 2 48 power measure input 2 9 3 8 preamplifier default gain 2 6 default noise figure 2 6 enter gain 2 6 enter noise figure 2 6 external 2 6 2 19 3 6 internal HP 8591C 2 19 3 6 needed for carrier to noise 2 15 Prev Menu description 6 26 PREV PAGE description 6 26 Print Config 1 1 1 PRINT CONFIG key 1 11 printer connecting a printer 1 10 copy results 2 25 2 28 2 30 2 35 2 41 2 46 2 48 dump to from system mode 3 14 Index 12 dump to printer system mode 3 21 HP IB interface 1 10 print results 2 12 2 19 print results system mode 3 17 RS 232 interface 1 11 setting the baud rate 1 11 setting the HP IB address 1 11 PRINTER ADDRESS key 1 11 PRINTER IS NOT CONNECTED error message 4 10 printing the test data stored on a RAM card 6 10 PRINT REPORT description 6 26 PRINT REP
82. 6 32 system menu map 6 3 system mode 3 2 TAKE REF TRACE description 5 23 TAKE REF TRACE key 2 57 5 14 T description 7 19 Television Broadcast Station Identification 9 10 Television station assigned frequencies 9 10 temperature entering 3 11 test and functions Digital Channel Power Measurement 2 42 test channel CTB testing 8 19 test descriptions 8 2 carrier to noise ratio 8 7 chroma luma delay inequality 8 33 cross modulation 8 44 cso 8 16 CTB 8 18 depth of modulation 8 28 differential gain 8 33 differential phase 8 33 FM deviation 8 43 hum 8 24 in channel freq response 8 40 system freq response 8 45 view co channel 8 47 Index 16 view ingress 8 46 visual carrier frequency 8 5 visual carrier level 8 3 visual to aural carrier frequency difference 8 5 visual to aural level difference 8 3 testing system mode 3 14 test list system mode 3 2 test plan creating 3 22 definition 3 22 recalling test plan from analyzer memory 3 12 what is recalled with the test plan 6 24 test plan contents 6 23 Test Plan description 6 10 test plan recall 6 29 test plan recall from card 6 27 test plan stored parameters 3 29 test results not what you expected 4 14 test results view last 6 36 tests and functions abort measurement 6 6 analyzer input setup 7 7 carrier level 2 12 carrier to noise 2 15 channel select 5 9 channel tuning 7 8 chroma luma delay 2 22 clear al
83. 625 247 2625 253 2625 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans A 7IHRC IRC A BIHRC IRC m c gt woZzBerxne e Carrier Frequency Historical MHz Reference Sa Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 continued Designation MHz Reference k n 259 2625 258 0129 259 2625 265 2625 264 0132 265 2625 271 2625 270 0135 21 12625 271 2625 276 0138 2112625 2832625 282 041 283 2625 289 2625 288 0144 289 2625 295 2625 294 047 295 2625 3012625 300 0150 3012625 307 2625 306 0153 307 2625 313 2625 312 0156 313 2625 319 2625 318 0159 319 2625 3252625 324 0162 325 2625 3312750 330 0165 3312750 3312625 336 0168 3312625 343 2625 342 0171 343 2625 3492625 348 0174 3492625 355 2625 354 0177 355 2625 3612625 360 0180 3612625 367 2625 366 0183 367 2625 373 2625 312 0186 3132625 319 2625 318 0189 319 2625 3852625 384 0192 3852625 3912625 390 0195 3912625 397 2625 396 0198 397 2625 40325 402 0201 403 2625 409 25 408 0204 409 2625 This frequency deviates from the pattern Sr x x Z lt gt onm ro mm 9 14 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 continued Channel Picture Carrier Frequency Designation MHz Refere
84. 7 System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 7 Access the spectrum analyzer mode 1 Press MODE SPECTRUM ANALYZER or 2 Press PRESET If you want to use the spectrum analyzer functions after using the cable TV measurement system you need to access the spectrum analyzer mode When the analyzer is in the spectrum analyzer mode SYSTEM is no longer displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display To reaccess the cable TV measurement system press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 8 Access the TV receiver mode optional 1 Press MODE TV RECEIVER or 2 Press followed by TV RECEIVER 3 Press CHANNEL SELECT enter the channel you want to view with the numeric keypad then press ENTER You can also select channels by using the large front panel knob or front panel arrow keys 4 Press PIX amp SND ON OFF to turn the picture and sound on 5 Adjust the volume and intensity knobs for the desired volume level and picture intensity 6 To exit TV picture and sound press any of the following WINDOWS ON RUX CTRL MODE or any softkey 7 Additionally the TV picture and sound can be accessed from within the system measurements mode by pressing WINDOWS ON 8 Channels can then be selected with the numeric keypad then pressing ENTER You can also use the knob or arrow keys for channel selection 9 Ib exit TV picture and so
85. 7 06 E B MARKER a 10 00 kHz 937 79 dB ENTER 67 23675 MHZ SPAN 50 00 kHz RES 1 0 kHz VBW 10 Hz SWP 15 8 sec Figure 5 14 View Co Channel 5 27 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions This chapter contains the menu map and descriptions of the softkey functions used in system measurements mode This chapter contains the following sections e system measurements menu map System measurements softkey descriptions 6 2 System Measurements Menu Map The following menu maps are a graphic representation of all system measurement softkeys and how they are accessed 6 3 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Menu Map SPECTRUM ANALYZER Setup t ENTER LOCATION CABLE TV ANALYZER CHANNEL MEAS ENTER TEMP TV RECEIVER SYSTEM MEAS Recall Tstplan Measure Now a Timed Meosure MORE 1 OF 3 CES More 1 of 2 YES 3 DUMP TO SCREEN NEXT PAGE DUMP TO PRINTER PREV PAGE DUMP TO RAM CARD GO TO PAGE PRINT REPORT STORE TO CARD NO Moin Menu Moin Menu RECALL FRM INT T RECALL FRM CRD Prev Menu START TIME STOP TIME TIME INTERVAL DUMP TO PRINTER DUMP TO RAM CARD TODAY S DATE TODAY S TIMEDATE Main Menu TODAY S
86. A maximum of 158 channels channel numbers 0 2 through 158 can be entered into a test plan Valid channels using Option 107 include 2 through 134 Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan to access ENTER BY CHANNEL Step 1 Select an individual channel in Chapter 3 ENTER BY RANGE Description Allows you to enter channels as a range of channel numbers Unlike ENTER BY CHANNEL you cannot use ENTER BY RANGE to edit or delete a channel A maximum of 158 channels channel numbers 0 2 through 158 can be entered into a test plan Press Test Plan to access ENTER BY CHANNEL Step 2 Select a range of channels in Chapter 3 Sea Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions ENTER LOCATION Description Allows you to enter a location code You do not have to enter a location code it is only for your convenience to help you keep track of where the test data originated The location code can be up to seven digits long If you do not enter a location code the default location code will be either the location code that was previously entered or if a location code was not previously entered a 0 On the RAM card the location code is stored in the test data file The location code is printed when the test data is printed In analyzer memory the location code is not stored with the current test plan in plans 1 through 5 The
87. AL CH POWER Main 8 of 8 RES BW 100 kHz VBW 38 kHz SHP 20 0 msec RT Figure 2 27 Tuned Digital Channel Display When tuning in the channel mode there are two methods which allow manual setting of the center frequency and span 1 Press the FREQUENCY CENTER FREQ and enter the center frequency setting 2 Press the front panel key select SPAN and enter the frequency span setting then press Enter 2 42 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Method 2 Tune by start 1 Press the Frequency front panel key and stop frequencies 2 Select START FREQ and enter the start frequency setting then Enter 3 Select STOP EREQ and enter the stop frequency setting then Enter Use the Jampuitupe front panel key REF LVL to set the reference level so the peak of the signal falls approximately 10 to 20 dB below the top of the display 1 Press MODE once the amplitude and frequency are set 2 Select Menu 3 of 3 3 Press DIGITAL CH POWER to enter the digital power measurement NOTE If you have selected TUNE BY FRQ i the Tune Config menu the visual carrier frequency will be used as the center frequency in the channel power measurement If you try to manually set the center frequency to a value other than the visual carrier it will be reset to the value of the visual carrier when running the test The markers are automatically placed at the estimated left and right edges of the selected chann
88. AVERAGING ZOOM MEASURE GATE ON OFF e NEXT BEAT AVERAGE ON OFF LINE SEARCH More ZOOM MEASURE CONT INUE MAIN MENU NEXT BEAT Measurements Menu Map GATE ON OFF AVERAGE ON OFF INTGRTN RNG SET More MAIN MENU ATTEN STEP UP ATTEN STEP ON INTGRTN RNG SET GO TO CSO CT8 MAIN MENU ATTEN STEP UP ATTEN STEP DN CTB STEP UP CTB STEP DOWN MORE INFO Prev Menu More MAIN MENU ATTEN STEP UP ATTEN STEP DN CTB STEP UP TB STEP DOWN ORE INFO TV LINE f TV TRIG ODD FLO TV TRIG EVEN FLD TV TRIG VERT INT TV LINE rev Menu STOP MEAS MORE INFO MAIN MENU Prev Menu RETURN Figure 5 2 Channel Measurements Main Menu 2 of 3 RE ENTER TEST OTL PWR INPUT AIN MENU pf725a 5 5 SYSTEM FRQ RSP IN CHNL FRQ RSP DIF GAIN DIF PHAZ CLDI DIGITAL CH POWER Main 3 of 3 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Menu Map ENTER STRT FRQ ENTER STOP FRQ RECALL FRM INT CONTINUE MAIN MENU o ty mE SWP TEST SETUP VITS TEST Prev Menu 00 FRQ RESPAT TAKE REF TRACE SAVE TRB TO INT RECALL FRM INT Prev Menu MARKER 1 MARKER 2 RESTART MAX HOLD CALC FRQ RESP MAIN MENU LINE FIELO ODD EVEN of AVERAGES AUTO SIG SERCH Select Test Sig CONTINUE SELECT LINE FIELD ODD EVEN AUTO SIG SERCH Select Test Sig CONT I NUE MARKER 1 MA
89. About this Manual We ve added this manual to the Agilent website in an effort to help you support your product This manual is the best copy we could find it may be incomplete or contain dated information If we find a more recent copy in the future we will add it to the Agilent website Support for Your Product Agilent no longer sells or supports this product Our service centers may be able to perform calibration if no repair parts are needed but no other support from Agilent is available You will find any other available product information on the Agilent Test amp Measurement website www tm agilent com HP References in this Manual This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett Packard Please note that Hewlett Packard s former test and measurement semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies We have made no changes to this manual copy In other documentation to reduce potential confusion the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix where a product number name was HP XXXX the current name number is now Agilent XXXX For example model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A Notice Hewlett Packard to Agilent Technologies Transition This documentation supports a product that previously shipped under the H ewlett Packard company brand name The brand name has now been changed to Agilent Technologies The two products are fun
90. C description 7 13 IRC key 2 4 3 4 key guide conventions xiii line numbers default 2 7 3 7 LINE SEARCH key 2 16 5 17 LISTEN AT MKR key 2 60 LISTEN ON OFF description 5 19 LISTEN ON OFF key 2 60 LOAD FILE key 1 7 loading the HP 85721A personality 1 4 location code entering 3 10 range 6 19 Index 9 M Main Menu description 6 21 MAIN MENU key 2 60 map channel survey 9 23 MARKER DELTA key 5 15 MARKER OFF key 2 58 5 15 MARKER ON key 2 58 5 15 MARKER A key 2 58 matching impedance 7 11 matching pad 50 ohm analyzers 2 5 MAX HOLD ON OFF key 2 12 maximum input level 2 9 3 8 measurements carrier level and frequency 2 12 carrier to noise 2 15 channel mode 2 2 chroma luma delay inequality 2 22 cross modulation 2 30 CSO CTB 2 26 differential gain phase 2 37 Digital Channel Power Measurement 2 42 FM deviation 2 46 hum 2 48 in channel freq response 2 51 modulation and noise reduction 2 60 system CSO CTB system mode 3 14 system frequency response 2 57 system measurement mode 3 2 white noise of channel relative to peak sync pulse level 2 31 measurement steps system mode 3 3 measurement trace 5 14 Measure Now description 6 22 Measure Now key 3 14 memory card inserting 1 4 store results 2 12 2 19 2 25 2 28 2 30 2 35 2 41 2 46 2 48 store results system mode 3 17 3 21 menu map 6 3 menu maps AUX CTRL 7 5 channel measurement 5 3 DISPLAY 5 6 setup 7 4 TV
91. DATA FILE Tests Channel Number 43 44 46 Aur_LF rd BAM H z 1182 61 44 14 3148 83 Aur Freq AMHz 4 25996 4 24838 4 50003 4 25997 4 26023 MOD DEPTH 89 6 734 89 7 85 6 HUM 6 0 9 12 0 7 5 E A CSO dB 5 CIN dB LN FLD 12 8 CLOI ns 32 OG 4 6 DP degrees 1 2 LN FLD SIG 18 E F FREQ RESP OB LN FLD SIG FM DEV kHz Figure 6 5 An Example Printout 6 14 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Table 6 3 information Contained in a Printout Number Description Date and time the measurements were begun Timeis given in a N hour format 1 e location code e temperature e analyzer serial number T ether or not the spectrum analyzer had en oven reference t The oven reference is available as a ption Option 0041 for HP 8590 E Series spectrum analyzers and is standard on the HP 8591C alyzer e tune configuration e results of the composite triple beat testing lif CTB testing was selected when the testing was performed The file number of test data file The tests The test results An entry with a dash indicates that the test was not performed The channel number The asterisk indicates that the channel was selected es a scrambled channel The location code and temperature entry are entered by the operator The
92. Description 2 6 9 Create TstPlan Description 2 6 10 DATA TO PRINTER Description 6 10 DONE Description 6 13 DUMP TO PRINTER Description 6 13 Contents 3 DUMP TO RAM CARD Description 6 16 DUMP TO SCREEN Description sss rns 6 17 ENTER BY CHANNEL Description lt 618 ENTER BY RANGE Description gt s sss sss s s 6 18 ENTER LOCATION Description t t 6 19 ENTER TEMP Description gt s s sss ee t tee 6 20 GOTO PAGE Description gt o t tte 6 21 Main Menu Description t t or or n x 6 21 Measure Now Description t t t t 6 22 NEXT PAGE Description c s t t t tte 6 22 wein err mot uh B y 77 PLAN 1 Description gt s o on t n n 6 23 PLAN 2 Description lt Prater s tot teat d 6 24 BAN d Description eed eee ae ase B PLAN 4 Description ss 6 25 PLAN 5 Description o t n n 6 25 Prev Menu Description gt t t or or n s 6 26 PREV PAGE Description gt s sso t t t t n n 6 26 PRINT REPORT Description or te 6 26 Recall Data Description gt e e 6 27 RECALL FRM CRD Description gt lt s s cssc tte 6 27 RECALL FRM INT Description sss scc ss 6 28 Recall TstPlan Description s 5s 629 SAVE TO INT MEM Description s 629 SAVE TO MEM CRD Description gt
93. EM key 3 28 SAVE TO MEM CARD key 3 30 SAVE TRB TO INT description 5 21 SAVE TRB TO INT key 2 57 5 20 5 25 Save TstPlan description 6 30 Save TstPlan key 3 28 saving a test plan 3 28 saving a test plan in analyzer memory 6 29 SCRAMBLD YES NO key 2 12 scrambled channel system mode 3 23 scrambled status over a range 3 25 scrambling 8 45 screen send results to 6 17 screen text font guide conventions xiii select a channel individually 3 23 select all tests 6 6 select a range of channels 3 25 select channel 7 8 selected channels view 3 24 3 26 selecting all the tests 3 23 3 25 selecting the tune configuration 7 8 SELECT LINE key 2 16 2 23 2 39 select next page 3 17 Select Test Sig key 2 39 2 52 Select Test Sig key CLDI 2 24 self calibration routines 1 8 Set B amp W Printer key 1 1 1 setting the start time 6 31 setting the stop time 6 31 setting the time and date 4 15 setting the time interval for timed testing 6 34 Setup description 7 15 Index 14 setup gated meas channel mode 2 6 Setup key 2 4 3 4 signal connections to analyzer 2 9 3 8 SIN X X key 2 52 sin X X test signal 2 51 SLOW SWEEP key 2 57 5 24 smoothing trace 2 18 softkey guide conventions xiii softkeys system menu map 6 3 software product license agreement 111 7 SOUND ON OFF description 7 16 span user defined channel 7 21 specifications 9 2 9 3 carrier to noise ratio 9 5 channel selection 9 3 color
94. ISE Chroma Luma Delay Inequality CLDI Composite Second Order Composite Triple Beat CSO CTB Cross Modulation CROSSMOD Depth of Video Modulation DEPTH MOD Differential Gain Differential DIF GAIN DIF PHAZ Digital Channel Power DIGITAL CH POWER FM Deviation FM DEV Hu HUM In Channel Frequency Response IN CHNL FRQ RSP System Frequency Response SYSTEM FRQ RESP View Ingress VIEW INGRESS Option 107 required for non interfering and video measurements 2 2 Making Channel Measurements This section explains the steps that are necessary to make channel measurements The steps are as follows 1 Configure the test system 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer 3 Make the measurements 4 5 Access the TV receiver mode optional Access the spectrum analyzer mode 2 3 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Step 1 Configure the test system The Setup menu is used to set up channel tuning a user defined channel an external preamplifier and an external matching pad 50 analyzers only In addition gated non interfering measurements can be configured Option 107 required The information is stored in non volatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the information even when power is turned off until you access the Setup menu again and change it 1 1f the Setup softkey is displayed press it now Otherwise press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup 2
95. IZED At this point you can remedy the reason or if a quiet line was not found because of noise you can press LINE SEARCH to reinitiate a quiet line search Another possible reason for failure to End a quiet line if that the input coupler is not in place with its coupled leg connected to TV IN c Entering line numbers and the softkey FLD BOTH EVEN ODD can be used to manually search the vertical interval for a quiet line 2 16 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE Non inter fering carrier to noise cannot be measured without a quiet line See Figure 2 11 86 24 27 MAR 85 1995 CHANNEL STD 1 MKR 4 8000 psec REF 533 4 10 dB 116 34 FLO BOTH EVEN 000 LINE HUMBER 12 LINE SEARCH MAIN MENU CONTINUE START 224 7520 MHz STOP 224 7520 MHz RES 30 kHz VBW MHz SWP 80 psec T Figure 2 11 Example of a Quiet line d Press CONTINUE to complete the measurement and display the test results on the screen See Figure 2 12 e The default center marker setting is 2 25 MHz above the visual carrier The default integration range of 85 then places the outer integration range markers are then placed to measure the entire FCC measurement range excepting the carrier itself The center marker can be moved using the front panel knob 2 17 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE Spurious signals in the integration range can
96. MEAS mode This may involve disabling carriers or modulation according to FCC rules Relative measurements showing cable TV equipment contributions may also be helpful in meeting FCC requirements If files are missing from a RAM card A RAM card is able to store files because the RAM card s memory is refreshed by a battery The battery needs to be replaced periodically or the RAM card can forget the files a Check that the battery in a 128 kilobyte RAM card has been replaced within the last year Check that the battery in a 32 kilobyte RAM card has been replaced within the 2 last years See the analyzer documentation for information about the replacement date of the RAM card s battery If the battery has not been replaced within the recommended time period change the battery To change the battery e See the analyzer documentation for information about replacing the battery 4 12 If You Have a Problem Other Problems If a appears in the data fields A appears in the data field if the test was not selected a If the test data for a channel is missing check that the test has been selected To check that the test has been selected 1 If necessary recall the test plan 2 Press ENTER BY CHANNEL enter the channel number and select the scrambling status The tests selected for the channel will be displayed 3 If necessary enter the test number for the test that you want to select and repeat the testi
97. MHz RES BW 5 0 MHz VBW 1 MHz SPAN 371 0 MHz SWP 8 00 Figure 5 8 System Frequency Response sec CONTS SWEEP CENTER FREG MARKER ON MARKER MARKER OFF STOP TEST 4 Pressing MARKER ON or MARKER DELTA assists the operator to End the peak to valley values using the marker For ease of use it is recommended to press hardkey before using these keys 5 Pressing CONTS SWEEP restarts the sweep after having pressed the hardkey 6 Pressing MARKER OFF turns the marker off T To stop the test press STOP TEST This will stop the measurement and display the frequency response trace 8 The results can now be stored to internal memory memory card or printed 5 15 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Notes 1 Do not press DO FRQ RESP TST without first recalling the reference to trace B Using RECALL FRM INT automatically puts the trace into trace B 2 Always press STOP TEST to exit the DO FRQ RESP TST function otherwise the display will be left in 2 dB per division and the traces will likely be off the bottom of the screen 5 16 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions GATE ON OFF Description The gating function allows you to make carrier to noise and composite second order CSO distortion measurements without turning off modulation Op
98. NO to underline YES Press EXT AMP GAIN then enter the gain value of the external amplifier The default value is 20 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier Press EXT AMP NZ FIG then enter the noise figure value of the external amplifier The default value is 7 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu The TOTL PWR INPUT function measures the total RF power into the analyzer Use this function to externally adjust the total power into the analyzer or preamplifier for optimization of measurement dynamic range 16 32 18 DEC 86 1993 REF 37 5 dBnV AT 10 dB PERK n n EXT AMP YES NO EXT AMP I INPUT Prev Menu AN 6 0800 MHz RES BU 30 kHz VBR 30 kHz SWP 28 8 msec RT CENTER 57 888 MHz SP Figure 3 2 Analyzer Input Configuration Menu System Measurements Making System Measurements 6 If the system CSO CTB test is desired specify a channel to be tested Press System Beats SYS BTS TST CBNL then enter the channel number The default is channel 4 The default measurement frequency for CTB is 6 MHz above the visual carrier The default measurement frequency for CSO is 4 75 MHz above the visual carrier The results will appear on the first page of the measurement data If you want to change the offset for CTB and CSO relative to the channel selected with SYS BTS TST CHNL press CTB FREQ OFFSET enter the frequency offset for measuring CTB from the carrier then press ENTER
99. NOT RECOGNIZED 4 11 Other Problems lr n 4 12 Contents 2 If a test fails in SYSTEM MEAS mode 4 12 If files are missing froma RAM card 4 12 If a appears in the data fields 4 13 If the test results are not what you expected 4 4 14 If the wrong date or time is displayed 4 15 How to Contact Hewlett Packard 4 16 5 Channel Measurements Menu Map and md Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter 5 2 Channel Measurements Menu Map ee 5 3 Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions 5 8 CHANNEL SELECT Description s 5 9 DL DELTA ON OFF Description 5 12 DO FRQ RESP TST Description 2 2 5 14 GATE ON OFF Description 5 17 LISTEN ON OFF Description 5 19 RECALL FRM INT Description 2 2 5 20 SAVE TRB TO INT Description 5 21 TAKE REF TRACE Description 2 2 2 sls 5 23 VIEW CO CHNL Description 5 27 6 System Measurements M enu Map and dni Descriptions What You ll Find in This Chapter Niet dae s 6 2 System Measurements Menu Map fed 6 3 System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions wb us 6 6 ABORT Description 6 6 ALL TESTS Description 24 6 6 CATALOG CARD Description 2 2 6 7 CLEAR TESTS Description 6 9 CLEAR TST PLAN
100. NOW 23 1993 DATA FILE 0 PGE 1 HP8S 24ACABLE TUMEASUREMENT SYSTEM DATEO F MEASUREMENTS 11 23 93 PREV TIME OF MEASUREMENTS315 55 la LOCATION CODE GOTO PAGE ENTERED TEMPERATURE 0 SERIAL NUMBER 103 PRINT REPORT OVEN REF YE6 TUNE CONFIG STD STORE TO CARD Main Menu Select NEXT PAGE or GOTO PAGE RT Figure 3 8 Tests Results Screen Page 1 16 07 11 NOV 23 1993 DATA FILE 0 PAGE gt 2 Channel Number NEXT Tests 9 10 PAGE VisL vl dBm E 2 3 BA m9 fur Lv ad E dl PRE VisFreq MHz p181 3187 193 1199 PAGE KH 24178 24445 25995 24576 24911 eg MHz 43 50003 3 50005 4 43397 4 50803 4 49996 MOD DEPTH 2 LAS 8688 PAGE HUM Z PRINT REPORT STORE TO CARD Main Menu IM DEV kHz 29 4 i i PLE 18 5 RT Figure 3 10 Tests Results Screen Page 2 System Measurements Making System Measurements 16 08 01N0Y23 1993 DATA FILE 9 PAGE 3 Channel Number Vis Lvl dBm Vis Freq MHz ik PRINT REPORT LN FLD CLDI ns STORE 06 4 DP deg LN FLD PTRN FREQ RESP dB Main LN FLD P T RN Menu FM DEV kH2 RT Figure 3 11 Tests Results Screen Page 3 5 Press NEXT PAGE to view the next page or PREV PAGE to view the previous page 6 Press GOTO PAGE to go to a specified page of test results 7 Press PRINT REPORT to print the test results 8 Press STORE TO CARD to store test data to a formatted RAM card 3 1
101. OCATION key 3 10 6 19 ENTER STOP FRQ key 2 57 5 23 ENTER STRT FRQ key 2 57 5 23 ENTER TEMP description 6 20 ENTER TEMP key 3 11 enter the location code 3 10 enter the temperature 3 11 error messages 4 3 11 ALREADY ENTERED 4 3 CAUTION Recalled Test Plan Corrupted 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME ALREADY PASSED 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME LESS THAN START TIME 4 5 CHECK CARD IN SLOT 4 5 if a appears in the data fields 4 13 ILLEGAL COMMAND 4 6 INVALID FILE NO ROOM 4 7 INVALID SYMTAB ENTRY SYMTAB OVERFLOW 4 6 MUST BE gt FIRST 4 7 NO CARD FOUND 4 8 Index 6 NO TEST PLAN SELECTED 4 8 OUT OF RANGE 4 9 PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL 4 9 PRINTER IS NOT CONNECTED 4 10 RAM CARD IS NOT FORMATTED 4 11 RAM CARD REQUIRED 4 11 test results not what you expected 4 14 VIDEO SYNC NOT RECOGNIZED 2 16 4 11 excessive analyzer input voltage 2 5 EXT AMP GAIN description 7 10 EXT AMP GAIN key 2 6 3 6 EXT AMP NZ FIG description 7 10 EXT AMP NZ FIG key 2 6 2 19 3 6 EXT AMP YES NO description 7 11 EXT AMP YES NO key 2 6 2 19 3 6 external pad 2 5 3 5 7 11 external preamplifier 2 5 3 5 EXT PAD YES NO description 7 11 EXT PAD YES NO key 2 5 3 5 FAST SWEEP key 2 57 5 24 fast time domain sweeps 2 31 FCC composite test signal 2 37 FCC COMPOSIT key 2 24 2 39 FCC measurement range carrier to noise 2 15 FCC multiburst test signal 2 51 Eeld entry system mode 3 23 3 25 FIELD ODD EVEN
102. ON OFF is OFF the message CHANNEL TURNED ON will be displayed Be sure the channel modulation is turned back on then press MAIN MENU again Pressing MORE INFO displays the carrier to noise calculation See Figure 2 13 Pressing RE ENTER TEST restarts the test from the beginning Pressing TTL PWR INPUT calculates the total input power making input level adjustments more convenient Pressing MAIN MENU exits the test 14 88 54 JAN 25 1995 7 CHANNEL STD REF 4 3 dBm AT 10 dB CZN CALCULATION Uncorrected marker on noise Correct to measurement BW 21 25 LOG detect Noise 2 58 IF Noise Equiv Pwr BW 52 Analyzer Noise Correction 2 91 RE ENTER Carrier Level Corrected Noise Ch Mo TEST 20 41 TOTL PHR Total Power Analyzer Input INPUT Carrier Level Analyzer Input MAIN MENU START 221 752 MHZ STOP 227 752 MHz RES BW 38 kHz VBH 3 MHz YSWP 6 98 sec T Figure 2 13 Carrier to Noise More Information 2 19 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Note that when an external preamplifier is used and EXT AMP YES NO is activated YES is underlined the noise contribution of the preamplifier is also calculated and corrected for The values for external preamplifier gain and noise figure are used for this calculation This is the only use made of the values entered with the external preamplifier softkeys EXT AMP YES NO EXT AMP GAIN or EXT AMP NZ FIG Hints 1 When using a
103. ORT key 3 17 Q quiet line entry system mode 3 23 3 25 quiet line search auto 2 16 R RAM card if files are missing 4 12 printing the test data 6 10 RAM CARD IS NOT FORMATTED error message 4 11 RAM CARD REQUIRED error message 4 11 real time clock setting the time and date 4 15 recall a test plan from analyzer memory 3 12 recall a test plan from RAM card 3 34 Recall Data description 6 27 Recall Data key 3 35 RECALL FRM CRD description 6 27 RECALL FRM CRD key 3 34 RECALL FRM INT 6 28 RECALL FRM INT description 5 20 6 28 RECALL FRM INT key 2 57 3 12 5 14 recalling what is recalled with the test plan 6 24 recalling a test plan from analyzer memory 6 28 recalling test data from a RAM card 6 27 RECALL key 3 33 3 39 recall test data from RAM card 3 35 Recall TstPlan description 6 29 receiver mode select 7 20 reference 5 23 reference measurement 5 23 reference noise level 2 15 reference point 5 14 reference spectrum 8 45 reference trace 5 14 5 21 8 45 register number 5 14 5 25 requirements analyzer 1 2 Index 13 resolution bandwidth 2 60 RESTART AVERAGING key 2 27 results print 2 12 results to screen 6 17 ripple 5 14 RS 232 interface Option 043 1 11 run a test later 3 20 run a test now 3 14 S safety ix safety symbols viii sales and service office 4 16 sales and service office table 4 17 SAVE key 3 33 3 39 5 22 SAVE TO INT MEM description 6 29 SAVE TO INT M
104. Press Channel Tuning then press STD AIR HRC IRC T until the desired format is underlined The tune configuration menu allows you to select channel format STD Standard Cable AIR Broadcast Channel HRC HRC Cable IRC IRC Cable T Upstream Channels USR 0 CNTR FRQ channel 0 center frequency USR CH 0 SPAN channel 0 span These keys allow you to define the center frequency and span for a user defined channel This channel is then accessed by selecting channel 0 zero 3 Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu 2 4 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 16 31 03 OEC 86 1993 REF 37 5 dBnmV AT 18 dB PEAK Menu CENTER 57 888 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz E SHP S BH 30 kHz VBW 30 kHz 20 0 msec RT Figure 2 1 Channel Tuning Menu 4 For spectrum analyzers with a 50 input Use an external 50 Q to 75 matching pad dc block to compensate for the impedance mismatch between a 75 Q impedance system and the spectrum analyzer s 50 Q input impedance If you use an HP 11981A external pad the external pad causes approximately 5 8 dB of amplitude loss The external pad function EXT PAD YES MO can be used to compensate for this amplitude loss e Connect the matching pad to the spectrum analyzer input e Press Analyzer Input EXT PAD YES NO to underline YES e Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu If you are using a spectrum analyzer with 50 Q input impedance but are not using an external matchi
105. Printing and Plotting chapter of the User s Guide for your spectrum analyzer for information about Thinkjet switch settings Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 4 Connect cables for non interfering measurements Perform this procedure if you have Option 107 installed in your analyzer Option 107 is required for video and non interfering measurements and TV receiver mode of operation Otherwise proceed to the next step Attach one right angle BNC adapter to the TV TRIG OUTPUT TTL connector and another rightangle BNC adapter to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT TTL tv mie mae wre omer trny Que 0790 006095 Gat CR Connect a short BNC cable between the two adapters 75 SPUR ho e IRI Re cro o 9 00 eir tro p Q9 gc Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements NOTE e The above procedure is not required when the HP 8591C analyzer is purchased with Option 107 because the cable is pre installed e When performing non interfering measurements the external coupler must also be connected See Chapter 2 Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 5 Start channel or system mode of operation Press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER tp access the cable TV analyzer mode Press CHANNEL MEAS to select measurements on a particular channel Press SYSTEM MEAS to select measure
106. R 57 888 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHz YRES BH 388 kHz VBU 3 MHz SWP 30 0 msec RT Figure 8 1 Measuring the Visual Level and Aural Carrier Difference In channel measurement mode the test runs continually and test results are updated after each test cycle after each sweep 8 3 Test Descriptions Visual Carrier Level and Visual to Aural Level Diff erence Test Description The aural carrier needs to be within 4 5 MHz f0 4 MHz of the visual carrier to be detected as the aural carrier If the aural carrier cannot be detected the visual to aural frequency difference measurement cannot be done and a will appear in the system measurement test data for the channel The SCRAMBLD YES NO softkey when set to YES does a max hold function to catch and hold the values in non suppressed sync tips 8 4 Visual Carrier Frequency and Visual to Aural Frequency Difference Test Description The visual carrier frequency test measures the frequency of the visual carrier as well as the visual to aural frequency difference In channel measurement mode this test is executed by pressing the FREQ ON softkey after one cycle of a visual carrier level and visual to aural level difference test has been completed To perform the visual carrier frequency and visual to aural frequency difference test the analyzer does the following 1 Enables counting of the visual and aural carriers and calculates the aural carrier difference 2 In channel measurement
107. RKER 2 Average ON OFF of Averages MAIN MENU FCC COMPOSIT NTC 7 COMPOSIT 5TH PKT YES NO DP TEST NTC FCC Prev Menu MORE INFO MAIN MENU TONTS FLO BOTH EVEN ODD CONT NUE MORE INFO MAIN MENU SWEEP CENTER FREQ MARKER ON MARKER MARKER OFF STOP TEST FAST SWEEP SLOW SWEEP SELECT LINE GCR MULT I BURST NTC 7 CMBNTN SIN X X Seiect Test Sig Prev Menu MARKER 1 MARKER 2 MORE INFO MAIN MENU r COMPOSIT NTC 7 COMPOSI E Prev Menu p 726b Figure 5 3 Channel Measurements Main Menu 3 of 3 5 6 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Menu Map HOLD DSP LINE ON OFF Change Title LimitLines ANALOG ON OFF MORE 1 OF 2 pf719a Figure 5 4 Menu 5 7 Channel Measurements Softkey Function De scriptions This section contains the descriptions of the channel measurements softkey functions The functions are listed alphabetically according to the softkey labels 5 8 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions CHANNEL SELECT Description Channel select is a function used in conjunction with measurements It sets up the analyzer state for cable TV tests lets you select a specific channel number and centers the specific channel on the analyzer screen The channel is selected based on one of the Eve channel formats available in
108. S you have selected to clear the current test plan from analyzer memory If you enter a channel by using ENTER BY CHANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE and then press YES the channel or range of channels will be treated as scrambled channels If you press Measure Now and then press YES CTB testing will be performed YES is accessed by pressing CLEAR TST PLAN or entering a channel number with ENTER BY CHANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE or by pressing Measure Now System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions What You ll This chapter contains the menu maps and descriptions of the TV receiver and Find in This default configuration softkeys as well as the monitor TV softkeys under the hardkey This chapter contains the following sections e TV RECEIVER menu map e setup menu map e AUX CTRL menu map e softkey descriptions Chapter 7 2 TV RECEIVER Menu Map The following menu map shows the TV receiver softkeys and how they are accessed SPECTRUM ANALYZER CABLE TV ANALYZER TV RECEIVER CHANNEL SELECT PIX amp SND ON OFF More 1 of 3 Prev Menu pf718a Figure 7 1 TV RECEIVER Menu Map 7 3 Ts Setup Menu Map The following menu map shows the default configuration softkeys and how they are accessed
109. Signal Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 72 23 23 NO 23 1993 REF 119 5 mV AT 10dB SELECT TV LINE LIN 4 4 FIELD ODD EVEN OF AVERAGES AUTO SIG SEARCH WA SB sc TC Select CORR Test Sig CONTINUE CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN 0 HZ RES BW3 0 0 kHz VBW 3 MHZ SWP8 0 psec Figure 2 24 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal NOTE These measurements cannot be performed without a test signal containing a modulated staircase The 5 step riser start and stop timing can affect measurement results if the timing is different from the defined standard 2 38 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Improving Accuracy Use the External 75 Ohm Preamp 85905A for the Oifferential Gain and Oifferential Phase tests when measuring peak visual carrier levels equal to or less than 10 This improves the repeatability of the measurement Repeatability is one of the components of accuracy Accuracy is improved from 6 and 4 degrees to 4 and 3 degrees The external preamp must be located ahead of the coupler so the TV input can take advantage of the preamplifier s gain 3 If the desired test signal is not displayed press SELECT LINE then enter a line number or press AUTO SIG SEARCH to execute an automatic search routine 4 Press FIELD ODD EVEN if you need to change the field 9 Press Select Test Sig if you need to change the test signa
110. T 310 00 MHz STOP 318 08 MHz YRES BW 190 kHz VBW 1 MHz SHP 20 0 msec RT Figure 2 28 Results of Digital Channel Power Test 2 44 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE The analyzer has been configured for maximum accuracy Adjustment of VBW or RBW may degrade the measurement performance Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 45 FM deviation test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE Option 102 or 301 is required to perform the FM deviation measurement using HP 8590 E Series Spectrum analyzers This option is standard with the HP 8591C analyzer 1 To use the FM deviation function press FM DEV The markers are placed on the largest peak to peak extreme found during the measurement time 2 If desired change the number of cycles per measurement by pressing CYCLES MSMT The default is 25 cycles per measurement 3 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 4 If you want to print the results press COPY Press MAIN MENU to exit the test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements p 35 42 NOV 28 1993 7 MKR A 750 00 REF 1 5 dBmV AT 10 dB 60 050 KHZ CYCLES MSMT
111. TEM MEAS Recall TstPlan accesses RECALL FRM INT Step 5 Recall a test plan in Chapter 3 6 28 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Recall TstPlan Description Allows you to access the softkeys used to recall a previously saved test plan from analyzer memory or from a RAM card Recalling a test plan overwrites the current test plan If you do not want the current test plan to be overwritten save the current test plan before recalling a new one Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS to access Recall TstPlan Step 5 Recall a test plan in Chapter 3 Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card in Chapter 3 SAVE TO INT MEM Description Allows you to save the current test plan in analyzer memory Saving a test plan overwrites any previously saved test plan of the same test plan number Up to five test plans can be saved in analyzer memory The test plans are saved in nonvolatile analyzer memory in trace registers 6 through 10 The channel numbers tests scrambling status channel tuning configuration quiet line number frequency response line number test signal line number and Eeld selection are saved in the test plan 6 29 See Also See Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions The location code the temperature the selection of CTB testin
112. TRACE SAVE TRB bee bem pe be bee ibus er AREE E E Ferro iud jessrhraeneesyastbbsyseeeo e surrryssrp oss ovoposssespvesesqodEusvoostuserecv sseeeeeisbuovtvteeveccoerie FRM INT SA VB SCOP u atre tta da aes CORR U Prev Menu START 54 0 MHz STOP425 8 MHz amp RES 5 8 MHz VBU MHz SWP 8 00 sec RT Figure 5 13 Trace B Saved to Internal Memory Hints 1 FAST SWEEP is used for systems that do not have scrambled channels However the fast Sweep is useful in making rough measurements and adjustments on systems with scrambled Channels More accurate results can be obtained in a following test with the slow sweep SLOW SWEEP allows the analyzer to measure the vertical sync pulse level when the horizontal Sync pulse has been suppressed An H second sweep normally is optimum for this measurement but for analyzer spans greater than 300 MHz a slower sweep time may be necessary to reduce trace fluctuations caused by the scrambling 5 26 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions VIEW CO CHNL Description This function allows the user to measure the relative power of any co channel signal that is present Observe the co channel carrier in 10 kHz increments on either side of the main carrier by pressing the following analyzer keys VIEW INGRESS VIEW CO CHNL 93129166 JAN 12 1993 CHANNEL STD MKR a 10 00 kHz EF 22 7 dBm ATTEN 10 dB 137179 dB EAK 2 z 7
113. Y markers MAIN MENU START 318 88 MHz STOP 318 88 MHz ARES 6W 108 kHz 1 MHz 28 8 msec RT Figure E 11 Results of Digital Channel Power Test 8 32 Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Differential Gain Differential Phase The color tests measure the chrominance to luminance delay inequality differential gain and differential phase Option 107 required The following steps must be considered when performing these measurements 1 An appropriate test signal must be present or the test will not return meaningful results Refer to Figure 8 12 and Figure 8 13 Multiple test signals may be present and may return different results due to their point of origin Commercial insertion equipment may cause test signals to not be transmitted If this occurs during a test the results will not be valid Visual signal levels greater than 20 dBmV will provide best results Non standard timing in signal composition may not yield specified accuracy Large amounts of non linear distortion group delay or ghosting may yield results different from other test methods Surveying your system for test signal types and locations for each channel will simplify test plan generation Blank charts are located in Appendix A Copy these charts and fill in appropriate information using channel measurement mode Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequ
114. You can enter channels into the test plan as individual channels or as a range of channels This procedure describes how to enter channels individually into the test plan The next procedure describes how to enter a range of channels into the test plan 1993 ENTER Channel number using the keypad Press PravMenu when done enteringchannels To DELETE a Channel ENTER as negative CHANNEL 23 To EDIT tests or sorambling status of already 8 elected CffFaamvels ENTER Channel number Figure 3 13 Enter by Channel 3 24 System Measurements Creating a Test Plan Step 2 Select a range of channels optional 1 If ENTER BY RANGE is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan 2 Press ENTER BY RANGE 3 Enter the number of the first channel in the range of channels you want to measure Use the data keys to enter the first channel number then press ENTER 4 Enter the number of the last channel in the range of channels you want to measure Use the data keys to enter the last channel number then press ENTER 5 After the channel range has been entered you need to press YES if the range of channels is scrambled or press NO if the range of channels is not scrambled NOTE The scrambled or unscrambled channel status applies to the range of channels that you have just entered 6 Select the tests for the range of channels e If you want to delete all
115. a by 178 n i 3 MATh MEN CENTER 78 829 MHz SPAN Hz YRES BW 30 3 kHz 8VBMH 3 MHz SHP 20 psec RT Figure 2 16 Chrominance to luminance More Information 2 24 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 8 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 9 If you want to print the results press COPY 10 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 25 Composite Second Order Composite Triple Beat Test Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 1 Select a channel then press Main 1 of 3 CSO CTB 2 Perform the following steps for analyzers both without and with Option 107 when GATING is set to NO a The marker defaults to the 1 25 MHz CSO beat at the lower channel boundary Wait for the analyzer to return an answer If your analyzer does not have Option 107 installed turn off the carrier to measure CSO and CTB or turn off the modulation to measure CSO only To perform the carrier to beats test according to FCC requirements remove the carrier Using the knob move the marker to the desired beat see Figure 2 17 Note that if the marker is not active you will need to press MARKER Alternatively use the NEXT BEAT key Press Z00M MEASURE to zoom in on the c
116. adband communications system that provides multiple channels from centralized antennas Glossary 3 character set The set of elementary symbols These normally include both alpha and numeric codes plus punctuation or any other symbol that may be read stored or written and used for organization control or representation of data chroma luma delay inequality This is the tune delay between the low frequency luminance component and the high frequency chrominance component of the 12 5T pulse in the test signal Positive chroma luma delay is when chroma lags luma in time command A set of instructions that are translated into instrument actions The actions are usually made up of individual steps that together can execute an operation Generally for analyzers it is a sequence of code that controls some operation of an analyzer These codes can be keyed in via a controller or computer Refer also to function composite second order beat Composite second order beat CSO is the ratio of the composite second order beat products to the peak level of the visual carrier For a system using the standard tune configuration the composite second order beat products are the distortion products that occur at 750 kHz and 1 25 MHz around the visual carrier composite triple beat Composite triple beat CTB is the ratio of the composite triple beat products to the peak level of the visual carrier The composite triple beat products are distortion p
117. ality Differential Gain Differential Phase 1422 58NOV2 3 1993 27 MKR 38 200 psec REF 142 6 mV AT 10 dB 84 242 mV SELECT LINE LIN FIELD EVEN AUTO SIG SEARCH we SB sc TC Select CORR Test Sig ICONTINUE CENTER 67 249 MHZ SPAN 0 Hz RESBW3 0 0 kHz VBW3 MHZ SWP psec Figure 8 12 FCC Composite Test Signal 12 23 23 NO 23 1993 LA REF 119 5 mV AT 10 i SELECT TV LINE LIN FIELD 000 EVEN OF AVEHAGES AUTO SIG SEARCH Select Test Sig CONTINUE CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN 0 Hz RESBW3 0 0 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP6 0 psec Figure 8 13 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Differential Gain Differential Phase Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Test Description NOTE The analyzer internal frequency calibration routine should be done at the temperature the test will be performed for best accuracy Non standard timing between the 2T and 12 5T pulses will return values that are offset by up to 25 ns The T in NTSC systems is 125 ns A 2T pulse has a half amplitude duration of 250 ns for NTSC 12 5T pulse has a half amplitude duration of 1 5625 ys The chroma luma delay inequality test measures the time delay between the low frequency luminance component and the high frequency chrominance componen
118. analyzer or preamplifier for optimization of measurement dynamic range 16 32 15 OEC 06 1993 AT 10 dB EXT AMP YES NO EXT AMP GAIN EXT AMP NZ FIG TOTL PWR 8 INPUT Prev Menu CENTER 57 000 MHz SPAN 6 888 MHz RES BW 30 kHz VBW 30 kHz SHP 20 0 msec RT Figure 2 2 Analyzer Input Configuration Menu 6 For analyzers with Option 107 Press GATING YES NO to enable immediate gated YES or non gated NO measurements This function applies to the carrier to noise and CSO measurements only 2 6 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements If GATING YES NO is set to YES upon executing the carrier to noise or CSO measurements the analyzer automatically searches for a quiet line a line with no video modulation starting at the default line NOTE The default quiet line number for carrier to noise and CSO is 12 and both fields The default line number for the in channel frequency response test is 19 and both fields For differential gain differential phase and chroma luma delay inequality the default test signal line number is 18 and the field is odd If the analyzer Ends a quiet line and if PAUSE YES NO is set to NO the analyzer will automatically execute the measurement without requiring the channel s video modulation to be turned off non interfering If PAUSE YES NO is set to YES the analyzer will pause upon Ending a quiet line At this point if a quiet line is displayed press CONTINUE to
119. and is not stored with the test plan The analyzer retains the channel tuning configuration selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access T Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 3 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions TOTL PWR INPUT Description Allows you to measure the total power at the input of the analyzer This function is primarily used automatically by tests to determine total input power to the analyzer so that the optimum input range for carrier to noise and CSO CTB testing can be set to avoid analyzer internally generated inter mods Then if using a filter during these tests the analyzer automatically can increase its dynamic range This function can also be used in conjunction with an external preamplifier By measuring the total input power you ensure that the preamplifier s specifications are not exceeded which could contribute to distortion products when measuring CSO CTB Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input to access TOTL PWR INPUT Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 TV RECEIVER Description Allows you to access the TV receiver mode In this mode you can view a TV picture and listen to the sound simultaneously by pressing CHANNEL SELECT entering a TV channel number then pressing PIX amp SND ON OFF
120. aximum input level The maximum signal power that may be safely applied to the input of an analyzer Typically 1 W 30 dBm for Hewlett Packard analyzers Glossary 10 measurement range The ratio expressed in dB of the maximum signal level that can be measured usually the maximum safe input level to the lowest achievable average noise level This ratio is almost always much greater than can be realized in a single measurement Refer also to dynamic range memory A storage medium device or recording medium into which data can be stored and held until some later time and from which the entire original data may be retrieved memory card A small credit card shaped memory device that can store data or programs The programs are sometimes called personalities and give additional capabilities to your instrument Typically there is only one personality per memory card Refer also to personality menu The analyzer functions that appear on the display and are selected by pressing front panel keys These selections may evoke a series of other related functions that establish groups called menus modem A device that enables a computer to interface with another computer or analyzer over the telephone connection Modem is an acronym for modulator and demodulator non interfering measurements Measurements made without turning off modulation or the carrier Option 107 required nonvolatile memory Memory data that is retained in the abse
121. be defective during the warranty period Customer s remedy shall be to return the media to Hewlett Packard for replacement Should Hewlett Packard be unable to replace the media within a reasonable amount of time Customer s alternate remedy shall be a refund of the purchase price upon return of the product and all copies Notice of W arranty Claims Customer must notify Hewlett Packard in writing of any warranty claim not later than thirty 30 days after the expiration of the warranty period Limitation of W arranty Hewlett Packard makes no other express warranty whether written or oral with respect to this product Any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness is limited to the 1 year duration of this written warranty This warranty gives specific legal rights and Customer may also have other rights which vary from state to state or province to province vi Exclusive Remedies The remedies provided above are Customer s sole and exclusive remedies In no event shall Hewlett Packard be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages including lost profit whether based on watranty contract tort or any other legal theory Warranty Service Warranty service may be obtained from the nearest Hewlett Packard sales office or other location indicated in the owner s manual or service booklet CAUTION WARNING Safety Symbols The following safety symbols are used throug
122. bottom of the screen Digital Channel Power Measurement Descrip tion The digital channel power measurement computes the total power within the specified bandwidth between markers of the selected channel The result is recomputed after each sweep if averaging is off and displayed in current measurement units With averaging on the result is displayed after the number of specified sweeps has been reached The user must Erst tune to the desired channel before executing the test The channel edges must reside within the display limits and occupy at least 75 of the selected span for best results The reference level should also be set so that the peak of the signal falls approximately 10 to 20 dB below the top of the display Refer to the digital channel power test description in the channel measurement section for operating instructions 16 35 27 SEP 12 1996 d CHANNEL STD REF 29 3 dBm 10 dB SYSTEM z gt a gt F FRQ R P N CHNL FRQ RSP D GAIN IF DIF PHAZ CLDI DI GI TAL CH POWER Main 3 of 3 CENTER 314 88 MHz SPAN 8 08 MHz RES GW 100 kHz VBW 30 kHz SHP 20 0 msec Figure E 10 Tuned Digital Channel Display The test automatically locates the estimated left and right edges of the channel using the marker minimum peak function If the automatic marker placement is not ideal the markers may be repositioned by the user The resolution and video bandwidth settings are automatica
123. certainty with which the frequency of a signal or spectral component is indicated either in an absolute sense or relative to some other signal or spectral component Absolute and relative frequency accuracies are specified independently frequency range The range of frequencies over which the analyzer performance is specified The maximum frequency range of many microwave analyzers can be extended with the application of external mixers frequency resolution The ability of an analyzer to separate closely spaced spectral components and display them individually Resolution of equal amplitude components is determined by resolution bandwidth Resolution of unequal amplitude signals is determined by resolution bandwidth and bandwidth selectivity frequency response The peak to peak variation in the displayed signal amplitude over a specified center frequency range Frequency response is typically specified in terms of dB relative to the value midway between the extremes It also may be specified relative to the calibrator signal frequency span The magnitude of the displayed frequency component Span is represented by the horizontal axis of the display Generally frequency span is given as the total span across the full display Some analyzers represent frequency span scan width as a per division value frequency stability Stability is the ability of a frequency component to remain unchanged in frequency or amplitude over short and long te
124. cket pulse widths are critical to measurement results b To change the line number either enter the new number and press ENTER or use the f or II arrow keys to increment and decrement respectively the current line number by one C Press FLD BOTH EVEN ODD to change the field as required d press Select Test Sig to select the displayed test signal The selections are GCR Ghost Cancellation Reference MULTI BURST FCC multi burst NTC 7 CMBNTN NTC 7 combination multi burst or SIN X X sine x x Refer to Figure 2 32 Figure 2 33 Figure 2 34 and Figure 2 35 4 Press CONTINUE to execute the measurement The peak and valley in the measurement range will be found and used to calculate the result See Figure 2 36 and Figure 2 37 Pressing MARKER 1 or MARKER 2 allows manual placement of the markers After either of these keys is pressed the automatic peak to valley search is stopped so the markers stay where they are manually placed 5 Press MORE INFO to display the marker amplitudes See Figure 2 38 6 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 52 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 1 59 36 NO 23 1993 CHANNEL 4 STD REF 40 9 dBmV AT MULTI BURST NTC 7 CMBNTN SIN X X CENTER 69 000 MHZ SPAN O Hz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 60 psec Figure 2 32 Ghost Cancellation Reference GCR NOTE The function that views test signals is in
125. criptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions CATALOG CARD Description Allows you to view a listing of the files stored on a RAM card or a ROM card Figure 6 3 shows the catalog listing of a RAM card with test data files stored on it Table 6 1 explains the different items in the catalog listing 16 47 28 NOV 29 199 REF 49 0 d LORD PEAK HFS FILE OELETE FILE SELECT PREFIX Exit CORR Catalog Previous Mer START 54 8 MHZ STOP 425 8 MHz amp RES 5 8 MHz amp VBM 1 MHz ASUP 8 00 sec RT Figure 6 3 An Example of Cataloging a RAM Card System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Table 6 1 Cataloging a Memory Card Number Wem Desi O 1 File type A file type is assigned to every file that is saved on a RAM card t indicates the file is a trace data file test data and plans are stored as trace data files 1 The d indicates the file a downloadable program file The HP 85721A personality is ed as a downloadable program file File name ry fileont has a file i onsists he file type i d the file e test a the pr efix LE isplays the total number of records o d The ber of records times 256 bytes pe by 1024 ytes par kilobyte yields the size of t kilobytes 4 Data type is field describes the file type as fo AMP is for the plitude correction factor file type DLP is for the downloadab
126. ctionally identical only our name has changed The document still includes references to Hewlett Packard products some of which have been transitioned to Agilent Technologies 2 Agilent Technologies Printed in USA March 2000 User s Guide HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Cable TV Measurements HP part number 08591 90176 Supersedes 08591 90124 Printed in USA October 1996 Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material Regulatory Information The regulatory information is in the calibration guide for your analyzer Copyright 1996 Hewlett Packard Company All Rights Reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation without prior written permission is prohibited except as allowed under the copyright laws 1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95403 1799 USA Hewlett Packard Software Product License Agreement and Limited Warranty Important Please carefully read this License Agreement before opening the media envelope or operating the equipment Rights in the software are offered only on the condition that the Cust
127. de can be up to seven digits long If you make a mistake you can use the back space key to correct the location code The back space key BK SP is on the lower right corner of the analyzer s front panel next to the key 4 Press ENTER when the location code has been entered ENTER LOCATION allows you to enter a location code The location code is only for your convenience it is meant to help you keep track of where the data originated The location code you enter will be stored and printed with the data 15149112 23 1993 ENTER Location Code using the keypad ENTER number then press the ENTER key LOCATION 330024 Figure 3 5 Enter location Menu System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 4 Enter the temperature 1 Press ENTER TEMP 2 Press the data keys to enter the temperature If you make a mistake you can use the back space key to correct the location code The back space key BK SP is on the lower right corner of the analyzer s front panel next to the key 3 Press ENTER when the temperature has been entered ENTER TEMP allows you to enter the ambient temperature without the Celsius or Fahrenheit units This function is only for your convenience it is not necessary to enter the temperature when making a measurement The temperature you enter will be stored and printed with the data The analyzer does not measure the temperature you must provide the temperature reading
128. defined channel an external preamplifier and an external matching pad 50 Q analyzers only The information is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the information even when power is turned off until you access the Setup menu again and change it 1 If the Setup softkey is displayed press it now Otherwise press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup 2 Press Channel Tuning then press STD AIR HRC IRC T until the desired format is underlined The tune configuration menu allows you to select channel format STD Standard Cable AIR Broadcast Channel HRC HRC Cable IRC IRC Cable T Upstream Channels 3 Press Prev Menu to return to the main menu 3 4 System Measurements Making System Measurements 16 31 03 0 06 19 9 3 REF 37 5 dBm AT 10 dB STDA R PERK n HRCT LOG gt 10 COLETTE TOC TE TELE T usd emu RI Ta dB des aee ir notae A USR CH 8 DE CNTR FRQ cente iem e rene peso bon ITI me 7 SPAN WA SB SC FOL cesses HAT MENT AA CORR Prey Menu CENTER 57 888 MHz SPAN 6 800 MHz RES BH38 kHz VBH3 8 kHz SHP 20 0 msec RT Figure 3 1 Channel Tuning Menu 4 For spectrum analyzers with a 50 Q input Use an external 50 Q to 75 Q matching pad dc block to compensate for the impedance mismatch between a 75 Q impedance system and the spectrum analyzer s 50 Q inpu
129. e by pressing WINDOWS oN 7 Channels can then be selected with the numeric keypad then pressing ENTER You can also use the knob or arrow keys for channel selection 8 To exit TV picture and sound press any of the following WINDOWS ON AUX CTRL MODE any softkey 9 To exit this mode press Prev Menu NOTE Option 107 is required to access TV receiver mode Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements System Measurements What You ll Find in This Chapter System Measurements This chapter describes how to make cable TV measurements using the system measurements mode of operation SYSTEM MEAS This chapter contains the following sections making system measurements making timed system measurements creating a test plan editing the current test plan clearing the current test plan cataloging analyzer memory recalling a test plan from a RAM card recalling test data from the RAM card cataloging a RAM card formatting a RAM card deleting all the files from a RAM card deleting individual Eles from a RAM card The following tests can be performed in SYSTEM MEAS mode e visual aural carrier levels e visual aural carrier frequencies e depth of modulation hum csot e carrier to noise ratio e DG DP CLDI e in channel frequency response e FM deviation If a test fails in the SYSTEM MEAS mode confirm the failure using CHANNEL MEAS mode This may involve disabling carriers
130. e lower right hand corner of the screen This message occurs when the cable noise floor is within 3 dB or the analyzer noise floor It is intended to alert the operator that the analyzer noise near noise correction is kicking in In addition the message is presented in inverse video when the cable noise floor is within 2 2 dB of the analyzer noise This indicates the analyzer is correcting the result by more than 3 dB and measurement uncertainty of the result is rising It is intended that you raise the input level and preselect if necessary 8 11 Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description More about the MORE INFO Screen The MORE INFO screen is intended to explain how the carrier to noise result is calculated and to assist you in making sure this result reflects the actual carrier to noise on the signal being measured To assist you in adjusting the input level the MORE INFO screen has several messages instructing you to raise or lower the input level and try the test again In addition when conditions warrant it other message prompts suggesting preselection or other actions can appear on this screen These messages only occur when the analyzer noise near noise correction is correcting more than 3 dB The messages are as follows Raise Input Level x to y GB This message appears when there is a need to raise the cable noise level and more input power can be tolerated without overload or Reduce
131. e of the chrominance subcarrier as the luminance changes from a blanking level towards white level The five step riser portion of the test signal is used to perform this measurement The test signal is selected automatically Again a Fast Fourier transform is performed on the reference burst and each step in the five step riser Each step is normalized to the reference burst The differential phase test can be configured for each of the two common definitions for this test For the NTC definition the largest phase difference between any two riser steps including the reference is calculated and displayed For the FCC NCTA definition the largest phase difference between the reference and any riser step is calculated and displayed If 5th PKT YES NO is set to NO then the calculation is based on the first four steps in the five step riser in channel measurement mode The 5th packet is never used in system measurement mode MORE INFO shows the normalized values for each packet This is useful for relative measurements See Figure 8 15 The FCC differential phase is equal to the largest packet value in degrees from the phase of the reference packet The NTC differential phase calculation is as follows where max largest packet value in degrees and min smallest packet value in degrees DP max min Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Differential Gain Differential Phase 15 29 12 MAR 8
132. easurement See Figure 2 8 Press SCRAMBLD YES NO YES when measuring sync suppressed scrambled channels The analyzer performs a max hold Press NEXT CHANNEL to measure the next channel If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 7 If you want to print the results press COPY 8 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 12 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 15134136 DEC 06 1993 7 CHANNEL STD MKR 55 275 MHz REF 34 4 dBnV a AT 10 dB 34 59 dBm NEXT PEAK CHANNEL J SCRAMBLD YES NO FREG on OFF FRO RSLN 10 100Hz MAIN MENU CENTER 57 888 MHz SPAN 6 0808 MHz WRES BW See kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 30 0 msec RT Figure 2 6 Carrier level Measurement 15135122 DEL 96 1993 z 7 CHRNNEL MID STD CNTR 55 REF 34 6 AT 10 dB V NEXT CHANNEL PERK SCRAMBLO YES NO FREQ QN OFF FRQ RSLN 10 100Hz MAIN MENU TELE CENTER 57 888 MHZ SPAN 6 080 MHz yres BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SHP 75 0 msec RT Figure 2 7 Carrier Frequency Measurement 100 Hz Resolution Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 16 35151 DEC B6 1993 CHHL 7 CHANNEL STD CNTR 59 76008 MHz 480 REF 34 4 dBm AT 10 dB 19 01 dBmV NEYT A CHANNEL SCRAMBLD
133. ed with the level of the analyzer noise If the difference between the beat level and the analyzer noise is less than 10 dB the beat value cannot be measured directly it is instead calculated by using the formula Beat Level 10Log 108 102 where BP Beat product 10 NL Analyzer noise level 10 With this method of measuring CTB a preamplifier is not generally needed for accurate testing To find the value for CTB the beat level is subtracted from the visual carrier peak level The carrier to beats test is very flexible and can handle a wide variety of testing conditions It provides feedback messages to assist you in achieving the optimum test setup Like any cable TV active device a spectrum analyzer has an ideal operating point which balances C N and C Beats When a spectrum analyzer is operating at its optimum point it has its greatest testing dynamic range However to achieve acceptable results it is not always necessary to operate the spectrum analyzer exactly at its optimum point To achieve acceptable results only 2 conditions are needed 1 The total power at the analyzer input is below overloading the analyzer 2 The beat being measured is equal to or greater than 3 dB above the noise floor of the analyzer Channel loading forces down the highest acceptable level of each individual channel carrier which gives rise to the need to preselect the channel of interest This is necessary when the cable system noi
134. edance input The external pad function compensates for the 5 8 dB amplitude loss of the external pad by setting the spectrum analyzer s reference level offset to 5 8 dB If you are using a spectrum analyzer with 50 Q input impedance but are not using an external matching pad the cable TV analyzer mode will compensate for most of the impedance mismatch but amplitude measurements can have up to 2 dB error caused by the uncompensated mismatch over the frequency range This function is set to NO when the HP 85721A personality is loaded into analyzer memory See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions In spectrum analyzer memory the setting of the external pad function entry is not stored with the current test plan in plans 1 through 5 The setting of the external pad function is stored in nonvolatile spectrum analyzer memory however Storing the setting in nonvolatile memory means that once the external pad function is set to YES it will remain set to YES until you change the setting or delete the HP 85721A personality program from analyzer memory Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input to access EXT PAD YES NO Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer in Chapter 2 HRC Description Allows you to select the harmonically related carriers HRC tune configuration HRC is the channel tuning configuration in which the frequency of each video carr
135. ee Figure 2 26 15129112 MAR 05 1995 m 47 CNRNNEL BY STO a REF 26 46 mV AT 10 dB TV DIF GAIN DIF PHASE IN 8 08 80 00 eph DIFFERENTIAL GAIN Mee MORE DIFFERENTIAL PHASE PONE E INFO 3A VB Toth packet YM 3C TC eI M ETITI UT LLA CORR ADF WAWATA i MRIN S MENU START 183 808 MHz STOP 183 888 MHz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 20 psec Figure 2 26 Differential Gain Differential Phase More Information 11 Press MAIN MENU to exit the test 2 41 Digital Channel Power Measurement Method 1 Tune by center frequency and frequency span Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements The digital channel power measurement computes the total power within the specified bandwidth between markers of the selected channel Before the digital channel power measurement can be accessed the channel measurement mode must be active with a channel selected Press the CHANNEL MEAS key in the main menu to select the channel measurement mode Next press the CHANNEL SELECT key and enter any channel When tuning the channel to be measured the channel edges must be within the display limits for accurate results The default RBW and VBW assumes the channel bandwidth occupies at least 75 of the selected span 15135127 SEP 12 1996 7 CHANNEL STD HHL REF 29 3 dBmV AT 10 dB SYSTEM FRQ RSP 1N CHNL FRQ RSP DIF GRIN DIF PHAZ CLDI DIGIT
136. el The total power between the two markers is calculated and the result displayed in current units If the automatic marker placement is not ideal the markers may be moved Press MARKER 1 to change the position of the left marker Press MARKER 2 to change the position of the right marker The marker frequency position may be entered directly using the numeric keypad or adjusted using the knob control and step keys Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE If the left marker is placed to the right of the right marker the message MKR 2 gt 1 is displayed The measurement will not be performed until the markers are repositioned properly Use the AVERAGE key to turn averaging on or off When averaging is enabled the previous measurement result is erased Use the OF AVERAGES key to set the number of sweeps to be averaged to produce the final result The input range is from 1 to 999 and the default is 10 If averaging is off the total power is recalculated and displayed automatically at the end of each sweep With averaging on the result is displayed after the number of specified sweeps have been reached All results are displayed in current measurement units 16141138 SEP 12 1996 7 CHANNEL STD MKR 317 58 MHz REF 29 3 dBnU AT 10 dB 29 53 dBmVMARKER 4 MARKER 2 AVERAGE ON OFF Y OF AVERAGES AVG a 6 of 18 DI GI TAL qe between CHANNEL POWER dBnV pA MAIN MENU STAR
137. el Line Number Number 9 31 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Number 9 32 Glossary Glossary active function The active function is the instrument s feature currently selected for use It may be a key selection or remote programming command active function readout The area of a display screen where the active function and its state are displayed The active function is the one that was completed by the last key selection or remote programming command active marker The marker on a trace that can be repositioned by front panel controls or programming commands active trace The trace commonly A B or C that is being swept updated with incoming signal information air See off the air tune configuration amplitude accuracy The general uncertainty of an analyzer amplitude measurement whether relative or absolute ASCII The acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange It is an eight part code 7 bits plus parity check used for data information interchange An ASCII value is a specific combination of bits ranging from 0 to 255 that represent characters in machine language that computers and controllers can understand attenuation A general term used to denote a decrease of signal magnitude in transmission from one point to another Attenuation may be expressed as a scalar ratio of the input to the output magnitude in decibels Glossary 2 aural carrier The carrier that has
138. el frequency e Press ENTER STOP FRQ then enter the highest channel frequency For your convenience when repeating this setup save this analyzer state for later recall 16 43 20 NO J 23 1993 REF 49 0 dBmU AT 29 dB FAS FAST SWEEP 2 SEC GENERAL USE SLOW SWEEP 8 SEC HELPS SMOOTH SCRAMBLING SLO SWEE SWEEPTIME START 54 8 MHz STOP 425 0 MHz ARES BM 5 8 MHz VB 1 MHz WSUP 2 00 sec RT Figure 5 11 Fast and Slow Sweep Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions 3 Sweep time is now the active function if desired adjust the sweep time before continuing the frequency response setup If sweep time is not changed the analyzer uses the default values Continue the frequency response setup by selecting FAST SWEEP or SLOW SWEEP See Figure 5 11 e If FAST SWEEP is pressed the analyzer sweeps at the selected sweep time or at the 2 second default value If SLOW SWEEP is pressed the analyzer sweeps at the 8 second default value During this setup step the analyzer converts the reference spectrum into a reference trace which connects the carrier peaks into a continuous line When the setup is finished the conditioned reference spectrum appears as shown in Figure 5 12 along with the message SETUP FINISHED SAVE THIS TRACE Hints A less accurate but more real time response can be obtained by entering a faster sweep time such as 0 1
139. en the smallest and largest signals simultaneously present at the input of an analyzer that can be measured with some degree of accuracy Dynamic range generally refers to measurement of distortion or inter modulation products end of line EOL readings Measurements taken at the last tap on the distribution cable error message A message displayed on the screen indicating missing or failed hardware improper user operation or other conditions that require additional attention Generally the requested action or operation cannot be completed until the condition is resolved FFT The abbreviation for Fast Fourier transform It is a mathematical operation performed on a time domain signal to yield the individual spectral components that constitute the signal file An electronic means of storing data The data is stored as a collection of related records The records are organized in a Ele firmware An assembly made up of hardware and instruction code that are integrated to form a functional set that cannot be altered during normal operation The instruction code permanently installed in the circuitry of Glossary 6 the instrument is classified as ROM read only memory The Ermware determines the operating characteristics of the instrument or equipment Each firmware version is identified by a revision code number or date code FM deviation Peak deviation of the audio FM signal of a cable TV channel frequency accuracy The un
140. ent date is used If the date or time setting of the analyzer is incorrect see If the wrong date or time is displayed in Chapter 4 Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Timed Measure accesses START TIME Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 STOP TIME Description Allows you to specify the time and the date to end the testing for a timed measurement The time is specified in 24 hour hour minute format the date is specified in year month and day format If you enter a stop time that is 24 hours or greater the stop time will be set to 23 hours and 59 minutes Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Timed Measure accesses STOP TIME Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions SYSTEM MEAS Description Accesses the system measurement mode When the analyzer is in the system measurement mode SYSTEM is displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display Pressing SYSTEM MEAS accesses the following ENTER LOCATION ENTER TEMP Recall TstPlan Measure Now Timed Measure Create TstPlan Recall Data CATALOG CARD VIEW LAST and VIEW CR SEL Accessing the system measurement mode automatically changes the input impedance setting of a spectrum analyzer to 75 Q The setting of the input impedance is usually controlled by INPUT Z 50 75 For spectrum analyzer s with
141. entioned just above was followed but even more dynamic range is desired It suggests following the above technique but raising the level 20 30 or more dB Try reducing the internal attenuator This message appears instead of the message just above when the attenuator is gt 0 dB The messages above are the analyzer best guess as to what to do given the conditions it can determine They are not foolproof and are intended to be taken as suggestions only not concrete rules for what to do Once the optimum input power level is achieved it does not need to be readjusted for each channel All channels can be measured without further adjustments to the input level The internal preamp is controlled automatically It is only turned on at levels low enough to prevent overload Under some conditions the internal attenuator is set to 10 dB to prevent preamplifier overload When the internal preamplifier is turned on a message to that effect is displayed at the lower right hand comer of the screen The carrier to noise test has 2 variations The first is the traditional method where the video modulation is either left on and the noise is measured at the lower channel boundary or the video modulation is turned off and the noise is measured in the frequency range specified by the FCC The second variation is measuring the noise during the vertical interval on a single horizontal line that has no modulation This is referred to as a quiet line
142. ents Test Descriptions In Channel Frequency Response Test Description The following steps must be considered when performing these measurements 1 An appropriate test signal must be present or the test will not return meaningful results 2 Multiple test signals may be present and may return different results due to their point of origin 3 Commercial insertion equipment may cause test signals to not be transmitted If this occurs during a test the results will not be valid 4 Visual signal levels greater than 20 dBmV will provide best results 5 Non standard timing in signal composition may not yield specified accuracy Surveying your system for test signal types and locations for each channel will simplify test plan generation Blank charts are located in Chapter 9 Copy these charts and fill in appropriate information using channel measurement mode A channel could be measured coming into the headend processing equipment and compared to that leaving the headend to determine the headend equipment s effect 8 42 FM Deviation Test Description Note that to perform this measurement Option 102 is required on HP 8590 E Series cable TV analyzers This option is standard for the HP 8591C analyzer The FM deviation test reports the maximum peak deviation found during 25 sweeps or cycles The number of cycles per measurement can be adjusted by pressing CYCLES MSMT in Channel mode The maximum and minimum deviations
143. eo measurements 3 If your analyzer has Option 107 installed ensure that the rear panel TV TRIG OUT is connected to GATE IN as shown in Chapter 1 Step 4 Connect cables for non interfering measurements Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE The TV IN connector on the HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 is located on the front panel However on HP 8590 E Series spectrum analyzers with Option 107 the TV IN connector is located on the rear panel CABLE TV SIGNAL pf76a Figure 2 4 Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector CABLE TV SIGNAL pf77a Figure 2 5 Connections for HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 Hints You can return to the channel measurements softkeys by pressing MODE MODE Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Step 3 Make the measurements Most measurements update the result at the end of a sweep or at the end of multiple sweeps Refer to each measurement type Hints 1 f you accidentally use the wrong key sequence reenter the channel f CHANNEL SELECT is the active function enter the channel number then press ENTER Otherwise press CHANNEL SELECT enter the channel number then press ENTER If you leave the cable TV softkeys to use markers for example or exit a test incorrectly you can return to the last used cable TV menu by pressing the mode key twice MODE MODE In either of the above
144. er going too far into roll off can compromise the measurement results 3 You can select whether results are to be printed if you have a printer connected to the analyzer stored on a RAM card or sent to the screen If you want the data sent to the screen press DUMP to SCREEN 3 14 System Measurements Making System Measurements b if you want the data printed press DUMP to PRINTER For information about connecting the printer to the analyzer see Step 3 Install a printer located in Chapter 1 c If you want the data to be saved on a RAM card insert a RAM card in the card reader ensure that the RAM card has been formatted and the write protect switch is set so the RAM card is not write protected then press DUMP TO RAM CARD See Formatting a RAM Card later in this chapter for information about formatting a RAM card 15 54 59 N0V23 1993 m DUMP TO HEASWRE HH HEU SCREEN DUMP TO SCREEN Test now withresults sentit screen DUMP TO DUMP TO PRINTER Test now with results PRINTER sent to printer DUMPTO CARD Test now with results DUMP TO stored Card RAMCARD Main Menu Return to Main Menu Figure 3 8 Dump Options Menu 4 If you want to stop the testing press ABORT It takes a few seconds for the testing to stop after ABORT is pressed After measurements are completed the following screen is displayed 3 15 System Measurements Making System Measurements 16 03 09
145. er 2 EXT AMP NZ FIG Description Allows you to select the noise figure value of an external preamplifier for the carrier to noise test The default value is 7 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier The preamplifier selection is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input to access EXT AMP NZ FIG Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions EXT AMP YES NO Description Allows you to select an external preamplifier for the carrier to noise test The preamplifier selection is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made When EXT AMP YES NO is set to YES the carrier to noise test uses the values entered using the EXT AMP GAIN EXT AMP NZ FIG for the calculation Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input to access EXT AMP YES NO Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 EXT PAD YES NO Description EXT PAD YES NO can be used to compensate for the amplitude loss caused by using a 50 Q to 75 Q external matching pad A 50 Q to 75 Q external matching pad is used to match the signal from a 75 Q impedance system to a spectrum analyzer with a 50 Q imp
146. er many 49 61721 16 0 Colorado Hewlett Packard Co 24 Inverness Place East Englew ood CO 80112 1303 649 5512 Texas Hewlett Packard Co 930 E Campbell Rd Richardson TX 75081 12141 231 6101 Great Britain Hewlett Packard Ltd Eskdale Road Winnersh Triangle Wokingham Berkshire RG415Dz England 44 7341 696622 INTERCON FIELD OPERATIONS Headquarters Hewlett Packard Company 3495 Deer Creek Road Palo Alto California USA 94304 1316 415 857 5027 Japan Hewlett Packard Japan Ltd 127 15 Yabe Sagamihara Kanagawa 229 J apan 181 4271 59 1311 Australia Hewlett Packard Australia Ltd 31 41 Joseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 161 31 895 2895 Singapore Hewlett Packard Singapore Pte Ltd 150 Beach Road 29 00 Gateway West Singapore 0718 1651 291 9088 Canada Hewlett Packard Canada Ltd 17500 South Service Road Trans Canada Highway Kirkland Quebec H9J 2X8 Canada 5141 697 4232 Taiwan Hewlett Packard Taiwan 8th Floor H P Building 337 Fu Hsing North Road Taipei Taiwan 1886 21 712 0404 China China Hewlett Packard Company 38 BeiSan Huan XI Road Shuang Yu Shu Hai Dian District Beijing China 186 1 256 6888 If You Have a Problem How to Contact Hewlett Packard Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions What You ll This chapter contains the menu map and descriptions of the softkey functions
147. er multiple channels with multiple tests performed on each channel Refer to Chapter 1 for supported analyzer information With the Option 107 TV receiver the analyzer provides video testing and TV receiver capability The HP 85721A with supported analyzer has three operating modes 1 Spectrum analyzer 2 Cable TV analyzer 3 TV receiver 1 The analyzer is a full featured spectrum analyzer Some key spectrum analysis features include the following Zoom window Analog display digital implementation of an analog display Peak zoom Title execute remote commands and edit DLPs with a PC keyboard Adjacent channel power occupied BW and channel power Multiple markers and marker table Peak table AM TOI and N dB bandwidth AM measurements with FFT menu Gate driver Option 105 or 107 required 2 The HP 85721A with supported analyzer is a cable TV analyzer With the Option 107 added the analyzer can also perform three video measurements differential gain differential phase and chrominance to luminance delay inequality In addition the Option 107 allows the analyzer to perform previously interfering RF measurements in a non interfering manner That is carrier to noise ratio composite second order distortion and in channel frequency response tests can be performed without disrupting service There are two measurement modes within the cable TV analyzer mode of operation e Channel measurement mode e System measuremen
148. erential Gain Differential Phase The differential gain test measures the change in amplitude of the chrominance subcarrier as the luminance changes from a blanking level towards white level The five step riser portion of the test signal is used to perform this measurement The test signal is automatically selected A fast fourier transform is performed on the reference burst and each step in the five step riser Each step is normalized to the reference burst Averaging is employed to minimize noise contribution to the reading The peak to peak amplitude of the largest riser step is found Then the riser step with the smallest peak to peak amplitude is found The difference between the two amplitudes is computed and expressed as a percentage of the largest amplitude Differential gain calculation where max largest packet value in and min smallest packet value in follows E 100 min 100 100 DG maz 100 I If 5th YES NO is set NO then the calculation is based the first four steps in the five step riser in channel measurement mode The 5th packet is always used in system measurement mode The MORE INFO softkey shows the normalized values of each packet This is useful for relative measurements Differential Phase Test Description Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Differential Gain Differential Phase The differential phase test measures the change in phas
149. escribed in Step 3 Install a printer located in Chapter 1 2 If Recall Data is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER More 1 of 2 3 Press Recall Data 4 Use the large knob on the analyzer s front panel to select the file that you want To select a file turn the knob until the file that you want is highlighted 5 Press DATA TO PRINTER to print the test data 6 Press DATA TO SCREEN to display test data on the screen Cataloging a RAM Card 1 If CATALOG CARD is not displayed press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 2 Press CATALOG CARD CATALOG CARD displays a catalog listing of all the files on a RAM or ROM card 3 36 Formatting a RAM Card Check that the switch on the RAM card to be formatted is set so the card is not write protected 2 Insert the RAM card into the analyzer with the card s arrow matching the raised arrow on the bezel around the card insertion slot 3 Press CONFIG MORE 1 of 3 Card Config 4 Press FORMAT CARD FORMAT CARD This formats the RAM card 5 If SYSTEM is still displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display you can press MODE MODE to return to the current cable TV measurements menu Before you use the RAM card for the first time you must format the RAM card Once the RAM card has been formatted the test plan and test data can be saved on it Switch is set so that the memory is not write protected
150. escription 6 35 TODAY S TIMEDATE key 3 20 total hum percentage 2 48 8 24 total input power measure 2 6 3 6 total power input 7 20 TOTL PWR INPUT description 7 20 TOTL PWR INPUT key 2 6 2 9 3 6 3 8 TRACE key 2 33 trace number 5 20 trace register 5 21 trace register number 5 25 trace registers 3 33 T tune configuration 7 19 tune configuration 2 4 3 4 tune configuration AIR 7 6 tune configuration HRC 7 12 Index 19 tune configuration IRC 7 13 tune configuration selecting 7 8 tune configuration STD 7 16 TV frequencies 9 10 TV IN connector 2 9 TV line 2 31 TV LINE key 2 32 TV RECEIVER description 7 20 TV RECEIVER key 2 63 3 19 TV receiver mode how to access 2 63 3 19 TV sync 2 31 TV TRIG EVEN FLD key 2 34 TV TRIG ODD FLD key 2 34 TV TRIG VERT INT key 2 34 U updating firmware xiv user defined center freq 7 21 user defined channel 2 4 user defined span 7 21 USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ description 7 21 USR CH 0 CNTR FRQ Key 2 4 LJSR CH 0 SPAN description 7 21 USR CH 0 SPAN key 2 4 V valid channel numbers 3 23 VID AVG ON OFF key 2 33 video average depth mod 2 33 VIDEO SYNC NOT RECOGNIZED error message 4 11 view channel selection 6 36 VIEW CH SEL description 6 36 VIEW CH SEL key 3 24 3 26 view co channel test 8 47 VIEW CO CHNL description 5 27 VIEW CO CHNL key 2 60 VIEW INGRESS key 2 60 527 view ingress test 8 46 VIEW LAST description 6 36 view last test res
151. esolution 0 1 dB Accuracy 2 0dBfor xmod 40dB N gt 40dB 2 6dBfor xmod lt 50dB C N gt 40dB 46dBfor xmod lt 60dB C N gt 40dB 9 1 Specifications and Test Aids Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics System Frequency Response flatness System amplitude variations are measured relative to a reference trace stored during the setup Frequency Response Setup Fast Sweep Time 2 s default for no scrambling Slow Sweep Time 85 default for fixed amplitude scrambling Reference Trace Storage 50 traces that include analyzer states Frequency Response Test Range 1 0 dB Divto 20 dB Div 2 dB default Resolution 0 05 dB 30 1 dB per dB deviation from a flat line and 0 75 dB maximum cumulative error 0 0 dB for equal temperature at test locations and f0 4 dB mex for different ambient temoeratures Trace flatness Accuracy Trace Position Accuracy 9 8 Specifications and Test Aids Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics Video Measurements Option 107 required appropriate TV line must be selected Non interfering color requires FCC composite or NTC 7 composite test signall Differential Gain Accuracy 6 50 averages default 4 Differential Phase Accuracy 4 50 averages default 3 Chroma Luminance Delay Inequality Accuracy 45ns Frequency Range 50 MHz to 850 MHz Amplitude Range 10 dBmV to 50 dBmV at coupler input 10 dB loss Coupler HP part number 095507041 Inserti
152. evel of a visual carrier that corresponds to the maximum level of the white area for a picture signal Glossary 17 zero span The case in which an analyzer s local oscillator remains fixed at a given frequency so that the analyzer becomes a fixed tuned receiver In this state the bandwidth is equal to the resolution bandwidth Signal amplitude variations are displayed as a function of time To avoid loss of signal information the resolution bandwidth must be as wide as the signal bandwidth To avoid any smoothing the video bandwidth must be set wider than the resolution bandwidth Glossary 18 video A term describing the output of an analyzer s envelope detector The frequency range extends from 0 Hz to a frequency that is typically well beyond the widest resolution bandwidth available in the analyzer However the ultimate bandwidth of the video chain is determined by the setting of the video filter Video is also a term describing the television signal composed of visual carriers modulation video average The digital averaging of analyzer trace information It is available only on analyzers with digital displays Each point on the display is averaged independently and the average is computed based on the number of sweeps selected by the user The averaging algorithm applies a factor to the amplitude value of a given point on the current sweep 1 n where is the number of the current sweep applies another factor to the pr
153. eviously stored average N I n and combines the two for current average After the designated number of sweeps are completed the factors remain constant and the display becomes a running average video bandwidth The cut off frequency 3 dB point of an adjustable low pass filter in the video circuit When the video bandwidth is equal to or less than the resolution bandwidth the video circuit cannot fully respond to the more rapid fluctuations of the output of the envelope detector The result is a smoothing of the trace or a reduction in the peak to peak excursion of broadband signals such as noise and pulsed RF when viewed in broadband mode The degree of averaging or smoothing is a function of the ratio of the video bandwidth to the resolution bandwidth video filter A post detection low pass Elter that determines the bandwidth of the video amplifier It is used to average or smooth a trace Refer also to video bandwidth visual carrier The visual carrier is the portion of a television signal that contains the picture A television signal contains both a visual and an aural carrier white level The level of a visual carrier that corresponds to the maximum level of the white area for a picture signal Glossary 17 Index Index 1 100 kHz RES BW key 2 60 12 5T pulse 8 35 2 2T pulse 8 35 3 30 kHz RES BW key 2 60 5 50 ohm input analyzer 2 5 3 5 5th PKT YES NO key 2 39 A ABORT description 6 6 ABORT k
154. execute the measurement If a quiet line was not found you must search for it using the fr step up and I step down keys If GATING YES NO is set to NO upon executing the carrier to noise or CSO measurements you will be prompted to turn off modulation to execute the measurement in an interfering manner 7 For analyzers with Option 107 Press PAUSE YES NO to select between pausing YES before executing a gated non interfering or video measurement or upon Ending a quiet line or test signal execute the measurement immediately NO This function applies to carrier to noise and CSO when performing these measurements in a gated non interfering manner This function also applies to the video measurements differential gain differential phase and chroma luma delay inequality When executing the video measurements the analyzer automatically searches for the appropriate test signal Refer to each test s description to see how each test operates 2 7 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 16 32 57 OEC 85 1993 Channel a REF 37 5 dBnV AT 18 dB s Tuning PEAK finalyzer Input System Beats GATING YES NO PAUSE YES NO Prev Menu ZENTER 57 880 MHz SPAN 6 888 MHz RES BM 30 kHz VBW 30 kHz SWP 20 0 msec RT Figure 2 3 Tests Configuration Menu 8 Connect the cable TV signal as shown in Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer 2 8 CAUTION Channel Measurements Maki
155. ey 3 15 access cable TV analyzer mode 1 14 accessing spectrum analyzer mode 2 62 3 18 accessing the memory card 1 6 accessing the TV receiver mode 2 63 3 19 AIR description 7 6 AIR key 2 4 3 4 ALL TESTS description 6 6 ALL TESTS key 3 23 3 25 ALREADY ENTERED error message 4 3 amplifier adjust real time 2 59 amplifier select external 7 1 1 amplitude ripple 5 14 amplitude slope 5 14 ANALOG ON OFF key 2 35 analyzer description of x Analyzer Input description 7 7 Analyzer Input key 2 5 3 6 analyzer operation xiv ATTEN STEP DN key 2 27 ATTEN STEP UP key 2 27 attenuation selection 2 9 audio volume 5 19 aural carrier 5 10 auto quiet line search 2 16 auto search test signal 2 22 AUTO SIG SEARCH key 2 23 2 39 auto test signal search diff gain phase 2 37 AUX CTRL key 2 63 3 19 Index 2 auxiliary interface 8 19 AVERAGE ON OFF key 2 18 5 18 B back space key 3 10 BAUD RATE key 1 11 beat level changes with attenuation 2 27 beats measure between standard offsets 2 27 BK SP key 3 10 3 22 3 31 BLANK CARD key 3 38 C cable TV analyzer how to access 1 14 CABLE TV ANALYZER key 2 11 5 10 cable TV signal connect 2 9 cable TV signal connecting 2 10 CAL FREQ amp AMPTD key 1 8 CAL FREQ key 1 8 calibration frequency 1 8 frequency and amplitude 1 8 storing the results 1 8 CAL STORE key 1 8 Card Config key 3 37 CARRIER LVL amp FRQ key 2 12 CARRIER NOISE key 2 15 carr
156. follows visual carrier level and visual to aural level difference test visual carrier frequency and visual to aural frequency difference test carrier to noise test composite second order CSO test composite triple beat CTB test hum test depth of modulation test digital channel power test color tests chroma luma delay inequality differential gain differential phase in channel frequency response test FM deviation test cross modulation test system frequency response test view ingress test view co channel test NOTE The Cross Modulation System Frequency Response View Ingress and View Co Channel tests can only be done in Channel mode 2 Visual Carrier Level and Visual to A ural Level Difference Test Description The visual carrier level test measures the peaks of the visual carrier as well as the visual to aural level difference To perform the visual carrier level and visual to aural level difference test the analyzer does the following 1 Changes the resolution bandwidth video bandwidth and sweep time of the analyzer to capture the levels accurately 2 Measures the visual amplitude level and aural carrier difference Figure 8 1 shows the analyzer measuring the visual carrier level and aural carrier difference 16 34 36 DEC 06 1993 PERK CHANNEL STD MKR 55 275 MHz REF 34 4 dBm o N 10 dB 34 59 dBaV NEXT CHANNEL SCRRMGLO YES NO FREQ ON OFF FRQ RSLN 10 i00Hz CENTE
157. formation about recalling a previously saved test plan see Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card in Chapter 3 4 8 If You Have a Problem Error Messages OUT OF RANGE The message OUT OF RANGE indicates that the value that you entered was not within the range for the function To solve this problem e Enter values within the range for the function See Chapter 3 for more information about using the cable TV analyzer functions See Table 4 1 for information about the range of values for the cable TV analyzer functions Table 4 1 Ranges for the Cable TV System Monitor Functions Function ENTER LOCATION Up to seven digits long ENTER TEMP 999 to 4999 Test number 1 to 9 or 1 to 9 for deleting a test number Channel number 1 to B8 or lto 158 for deleting a channel number File number 10 PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL This message indicates that a channel was not selected before executing a measurement To solve this problem e Press CHANNEL SELECT in the CHANNEL MEAS Main 10f 3 menu enter a channel number using the data keys then press ENTER 4 9 If You Have a Problem Error Messages PRINTER IS NOT CONNECTED NOT TURNED ON OR A CONTROLLER CONFLICT EXISTS This message indicates that the analyzer cannot talk to the printer NOTE Plotters are not supported To solve this problem 1 Make sure that the printer is turned on 2 Make sure that the analyzer is connected to the printer correc
158. from Internal Analyzer Memory System Measurements System Measurements RECALL FRM INT RECRLL FRM CRD 3 13 System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 6 Make the measurements now This procedure describes how to initiate immediate testing For information on making measurements at a later time refer to Making Timed System Measurements later in this chapter l Press Measure Now 2 Press Yes if you want to measure system CTB CSO or No if not If Yes is selected system CTB CSO will be measured using the channel specified using the SYS BTS TST CHNL softkey located in the Setup menu The default is channel 4 System CTB will be measured using the offset specified by the CTB FREQ OFFSET softkey located in the Setup menu The default value is 6 MHz above the test channel s visual carrier System CSO will be measured using the offset specified by the CSO FREQ OFFSET softkey located in the Setup menu The default value is 4 75 MHz above the test channel s visual carrier Alternatively set the SYS BTS TST CHNL to the highest channel in the system If there are no signals just above the top channel set the CSO FREQ OFFSET to 7 25 MHz These settings will measure the CTB and 1 25 MHz CSO beats in the clear just above the top channel If there are signals just above the top channel such as digital music signals add increments of 6 MHz to the CTB and CSO offsets until a spot in the clear is found Howev
159. g and the setting for an external pad EXT PAD YES NO are not stored with the test plan but are stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory and are retained until changed Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Save TstPlan accesses SAVE TO INT MEM Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory in Chapter 3 SAVE TO MEM CRD Description Allows you to store the on screen test results to a RAM card Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No DUMP TO SCREEN to access STORE TO CARD Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 Save TstPlan Description Allows you to access SAVE TO INT MEM and SAVE TO MEM CRD Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan accesses Save TstPlan Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory in Chapter 3 See Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions START TIME Description Allows you to specify the time and the date when testing is to begin for timed measurements The time is specified in 24 hour hour minute format the date is specified in year month and day format If you do not specify a time the current time is used If you do not specify a date the current date is used If you specify a time earlier than the current time the current time is used If you specify a date earlier than the current date the curr
160. g a RAM Card in Chapter 3 for more information 4 5 If You Have a Problem Error Messages ILLEGAL COMMAND If you see this message while loading the HP 85721A personality into analyzer memory it indicates that the analyzer s firmware must be updated before the personality can be used a Check the Ermware date for your analyzer e Turn on the analyzer The Ermware date is displayed on the analyzer s display when the analyzer is Erst turned on The date is displayed in a year month day format For example if rev 93 09 23 is displayed the release date of the Ermware was September 23 1993 To solve this problem e If the release date for the analyzer s firmware was prior to September 23 1993 the firmware must be updated to use the HP 85721A personality Contact your HP sales office for more information about updating analyzer Ermware INVALID SYMTAB ENTRY SYMTAB OVERFLOW This error message indicates that there was not enough available analyzer memory To solve this problem you must delete the other programs in the analyzer memory as follows 1 Press PRESET 2 Press CONFIG MORE 1 of 3 DISPOSE USER MEM ERASE DLP MEM ERASE DLP MEM PRESET 3 Reload the HP 85721A personality using the procedure Step 1 Load the HP 85721A personality into analyzer memory in Chapter 1 4 6 If You Have a Problem Error Messages INVALID FILE NO ROOM The message INVALID FILE NO ROOM indicates that
161. ged by pressing DP TEST NTC FCC again The status of this key is reported on the results screen just below the results box The system mode differential phase test uses the current setting of this switch when the test plan was created Which test was used is reported on the results table d Press Prev menu 6 Press OF AVERAGES enter the desired number of averages then press ENTER The default is 50 averages The higher the number of averages the more consistent results when measuring low level signals This value is always returned to 50 when the test is entered 7 Press CONTINUE to perform the test The result of the measurement is displayed on the analyzer display See Figure 2 25 06 29 53 MAR B6 1995 CHANNEL MB STD EF 27 10 RV AT 18 dB V IN DIFFERENTIAL GAIN TART 183 000 MHz 183 080 MHz SHP 20 psec RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz Figure 2 25 Differential Gain Differential Phase Measurement Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 8 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 9 If you want to print the results press COPY 10 Press MORE INFO to display the averaged results of the individual packets This will be useful for relative measurements S
162. h 5 1991 4 15 How to Contact Hewlett Packard In the unlikely event something goes wrong with your analyzer refer to the documentation for the analyzer about returning it for service If you need to contact Hewlett Packard for a problem with the HP 85721A personality you can call your nearest Hewlett Packard Sales and Service office listed in the following table 4 16 Headquarters Hewlett Packard Co 19320 Pruneridge Ave Cupertino CA 95014 800 752 0900 Atlanta Annex Hewlett Packard Co 24 Barrett Park Drive Kennesew GA 30144 14041 648 0000 Headquarters Hewlett Packard S A If You Have a Problem How to Contact Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Sales and Service Offices US FIELD OPERATIONS California Northern Hewlett Packard Co 301 E Evelyn Mountain View CA 94041 14151 694 2000 Illinois Hewlett Packard Co 5201 Tollview Drive Rolling Meadows IL 60008 708 255 9800 California Southern Hewlett Packard Co 1421 South Manhattan Ave Fullerton CA 92631 17141 999 6700 New Jersey Hewlett Packard Co 150 Green Pond Rd Rockaway NJ 07866 201 586 5400 EUROPEAN FIELD OPERATIONS France Hewlett Packard France 150 Route du Nant d Avril 1 Avenue Du Canada 1217 Meyrin 2 Geneva Switzerland 41221 780 8111 Zone D Activite De Courtaboeuf F 91947 Les Ulis Cedex France 133 1169 82 60 60 Germany Hewlett Packard GmbH Hewlett Packard Strasse 61352 Bad Homburg v d H G
163. hieving the optimum test setup Like any cable TV active device a spectrum analyzer has an ideal operating point which balances carrier to noise and carrier beats When a spectrum analyzer is operating at its optimum point it has its greatest testing dynamic range However to achieve acceptable results it is not always necessary to operate the spectrum analyzer exactly at its optimum point To achieve acceptable results only 2 conditions are needed 1 The total power at the analyzer input is below overloading the analyzer 2 The noise floor being measured is equal to or greater than the noise floor of the analyzer Channel loading forces down the highest acceptable level of each individual channel carrier which gives rise to the need to preselect the channel of interest This is necessary when the noise floor being measured is less than the analyzer noise floor when the total input power is near overload The only way to raise the noise floor without overloading the analyzer is to reduce channel loading through preselection When CARRIER NOISE is pressed the analyzer measures the total power at the input the level of the channel to be measured and the analyzer noise floor Based on this information it decides whether to turn on the internal preamp and what the analyzer attenuator setting should be In addition it alerts you when it thinks additional attention is needed This is indicated by the presence of message See MORE INFO in th
164. hout this manual Familiarize yourself with each of the symbols and its meaning before operating this instrument The caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met The warning sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met WARNING CAUTION General Safety Considerations Before the analyzer is switched on make sure it has been properly grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a socket outlet provided with protective earth contact Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor inside or outside the instrument or disconnection of the protective earth terminal can result in personal injury Before the analyzer is switched on make sure its primary power circuitry has been adapted to the voltage of the ac power source Failure to set the ac power input to the correct voltage could cause damage to the instrument when the ac power cable is plugged in The HP 85721A with Supported Analyzer The HP 85721A with supported analyzer can perform tests channel by channel or ov
165. ibration routine should be run at the temperature testing is to be performed 3 If the desired test signal is not displayed press SELECT LINE then enter a line number or press AUTO SIG SEARCH to execute the automatic search routine 4 Press FIELD ODD EVEN if you need to change the field 2 23 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 5 Press Select Test Sig if you need to change the test signal selection 4 Press FCC COMPOSIT to select the FCC composite test signal or NTC 7 CUMPOSIT to select the NTC 7 composite test signal To assist in test signal identification a small schematic diagram of the test signal is displayed at the top of the screen b Press Prev menu 6 Press CONTINUE to perform the test The result of the measurement is displayed on the analyzer display An offset of 170 ns is added to the result so that it will agree with tests done using a demodulator with 170 ns of delay Modulators should be set for 170 ns precorrection FCC requires measurements relative to this precorrection The FCC tolerance is 170 ns 7 Press MORE INFO to display chrominance to luminance response information See Figure 2 16 14137158 NOV 23 1993 s 27 CHANNEL STD REF 6 903 mY AT 10 dB SMPL E a LIN MORE 158 INFO VA VB l J SC TC This result assumes the NTSC CORR 170 n pre correction is f present in the signal Thus CHROMA 0 nS results when chroma leads lum
166. ier is a multiple of 6 MHz If you do not select a channel tuning configuration the default configuration is the standard STD configuration The choices for the channel tuning configuration are standard STD off the air AIR incrementally related carriers IRC harmonically related carriers HRC and T format The analyzer retains the channel tuning configuration selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access HRC Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 3 7 12 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions IRC Description Allows you to select the incrementally related carriers IRC channel tuning configuration If you do not select a channel tuning configuration the default configuration is the standard STD configuration The choices for the channel tuning configuration are standard STD off the air AIR incrementally related carriers IRC harmonically related carriers HRC and T format The analyzer retains the channel tuning configuration selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access IRC Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 Monitor TV Description Allows you to access the TV receiver mode This feature is the same as the TV RECEIVER mode
167. ier to noise display calculation 2 19 preamplifier needed 2 19 carrier to noise ratio test 8 7 CATALOG ALL key 3 39 catalog analyzer memory 3 33 catalog a RAM card 3 36 CATALOG CARD description 6 7 Catalog Card key 3 39 CATALOG CARD key 3 36 cataloging the RAM or ROM card 6 7 Catalog Internal key 3 33 CATALOG REGISTER key 3 33 catalog the saved test plans 3 33 caution the caution symbol viii CAUTION Recalled Test Plan Corrupted error message 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME ALREADY PASSED error message 4 4 CAUTION STOP TIME LESS THAN START TIME error message 4 5 CENTER FREQ key 2 58 5 14 center frq user defined channel 7 21 CHANGE TITLE key 3 28 channel format Index 3 AIR 2 4 3 4 5 9 displayed position 3 4 HRC 2 4 3 4 5 9 IRC 2 4 3 4 5 9 STD 2 4 3 4 5 9 T 2 4 3 4 5 9 channel measurements list of 2 2 channel number range 6 18 channel numbers 5 10 channel numbers entering 5 10 channel numbers valid 3 23 CHANNEL SELECT description 5 9 7 8 channel selection view 6 36 CHANNEL SELECT key 2 11 2 63 channel survey map 3 22 9 23 Channel Tuning description 7 8 Channel Tuning key 2 4 3 4 characteristics 9 3 carrier to noise 9 6 CSO CTB 9 6 CHECK CARD IN SLOT error message 4 5 chroma luma delay 2 22 CLDI key 2 22 clearing the test plan 6 9 CLEAR TESTS description 6 9 CLEAR TESTS key 3 23 3 25 clear the current test plan 3 32 CLEAR TST PLAN description 6 9 CLEAR
168. ifferent tune configurations STD AIR IRC and HRC units Dimensions on the measured quantities Units usually refer to amplitude quantities because they can be changed In analyzers with microprocessors available units are dBm dB relative to 1 mW dissipated in the nominal input impedance of the analyzer dBmV dB relative to 1 mV dByV dB relative to 1 pV volts and in some analyzers watts unscrambled A signal that has not been scrambled An unscrambled signal does not need a decoder to receive the signal correctly update To make existing information current to bring information up to date variable A variable can be assigned a value The value assigned to a variable can be changed vertical interval test signal The vertical interval test signal VITS is a signal that may be included during the vertical blanking interval to permit in service testing and adjustment of video transmission Glossary 16 video A term describing the output of an analyzer s envelope detector The frequency range extends from 0 Hz to a frequency that is typically well beyond the widest resolution bandwidth available in the analyzer However the ultimate bandwidth of the video chain is determined by the setting of the video filter Video is also a term describing the television signal composed of visual carriers modulation video average The digital averaging of analyzer trace information It is available only on analyzers with digi
169. ignals should be documented for each channel in your system This is especially useful when creating test plans in system measurement mode Make photocopies of a blank channel survey map and enter the line numbers and channel numbers corresponding to your system Use the channel measurement mode of operation to gather this information by conducting the individual tests with PAUSE YES NO in the Setup menu set to YES then noting where the proper test signals are found Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map Channel Number 5 se m s m O 5 e 9 24 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map Line Number 9 25 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map k E B o 9 26 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map 9 27 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map as s 2 ES e 28 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map Line Number Even Even Even Even c c 3582885 s 5 5 s s Gam Gas di 5 ia m Xu 9 29 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map S gt Sia Sis S gt Sia S gt S gt Sis Sio gt Sio So S S D Sis O uj O 1 O O O om e uri o ws owl co uj O o o uj 9 30 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Survey Map Chann
170. interval that is at least long enough to allow the analyzer to complete the testing before beginning testing again Here are some general guidelines for estimating how long it takes the analyzer to test one channel e It takes approximately 5 minutes to test a channel that is not scrambled with all of the tests selected for that channel e It takes approximately 2 minutes to test a scrambled channel with tests 1 2 3 6 and 9 selected for that channel So the time interval that you specify in minutes should at the least exceed the number of channels that you are testing plus 10 minutes Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Timed Measure to access TIME INTERVAL Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 6 34 See Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions TODAY S DATE Description Allows you to select the current date as the start date or stop date for timed measurements When you press TODAY S DATE the analyzer uses the date setting of the spectrum analyzer If the date or time setting of the analyzer is incorrect see If the wrong date or time is displayed in Chapter 4 Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Timed Measure START TIME to access TODAY S DATE as the start date for the timed measurement Press Timed Measure STOP TIME to access TODAY S DATE as the stop date for the timed measurement Making Timed System
171. inversely proportional to its bandwidth and if the proportionality constant k is included then we can make the rise time equal k divided by resolution bandwidth Mathematically this is represented as resolution bandwidth Time in Passband spansweep time _ resolution bandwidth x sweep time i span k Rise Time ne resolution bandwidth Solving for sweeptime k x span resolution bandwidth Sweep Time synchronization pulse A transmitted pulse that is used to synchronize the electron beam of a picture monitor with the modulation of the transmission source Glossary 15 syntax The grammar rules that specify how commands must be structured for an operating system programming language or applications system frequency response Frequency response test that measures the flatness of the entire system trace A trace is made up of a series of data points containing frequency and amplitude information The series of data points is often referred to as an array Traces A B and C are the typical names of traces that the analyzer displays The number of traces is specific to the instrument tune configuration Tune configuration refers to the correlation between the channel numbers and the frequency to which a channel is assigned For example the frequency at which channel 1 is broadcast differs between the HRC and IRC tune configurations The HP 85721A can be configured for four d
172. it will be used as the temperature until a new temperature is entered or the HP 85721A personality program is deleted from analyzer memory Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS accesses ENTER TEMP Step 4 Enter the temperature in Chapter 3 6 20 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions GOTO PAGE Description Allows you to select a specific page of on screen test results to view Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No DUMP TO SCREEN to access GOTO PAGE or press More 1 of 2 VIEW LAST if a measurement was previously made Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 Main Menu Description Allows you to access the main menu of the system measurement mode The main menu contains the following softkeys ENTER LOCATION ENTER TEMP Recall TstPlan Measure Now Timed Measure Create TstPlan Recall Data CATALOG CARD VIEW LAST VIEW CH SEL The main menu of the system measurement mode can also be accessed by pressing MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS 6 21 Sea Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Measure Now Description Accesses the functions that allow you to initiate the testing immediately instead of initiating testing at a later time and send the test results to the screen a printer or to
173. ive function block See Figure 2 40 17103 500EC 06 1993 7 CHANNEL STO MKR a3 000 MHz REF 368 dBm AT 48 dB 60 39 dB VIEW SMPL CO CHNL LISTEN AT MKR CENTER 177 000 MHz SPAN 6 008 MHz YRES 100 kHz VBW 1 kHz SWP180 msec Figure 2 40 View Ingress 3 During the test you can change the default 100 kHz resolution bandwidth RBW For example you might select 30 kHz RES BW to improve resolution of signals close to the visual carrier Return to 100 kHz RBW by selecting 100 kHz RES BW Selecting either resolution bandwidth resets the minimum hold function used in the test to improve viewing of ingress 4 Demodulate the ingress signal in AM or FM by pressing the LISTEN AT MKR then DEMOD AM FM Press LISTEN OFF to return to the previous menu 5 Press VIEW CD CHNL to set the analyzer to see co channel interference See Figure 2 41 Also see Chapter 5 for more information about VIEW CO CHNL Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 6 Press MAIN MENU v exit the test 83 29 56 JAN 12 1993 a CHRNNEL STD M K R 210 08 REF 22 7 demVATTEN1OdB 37 73 dB PEAK h gt n MARKER 19 00 kHz 37 79 dB MAIN 5 I MENU CENTER 67 23675 MHZ SPAN 50 00kHz RES BMH1 0kHz VBW 10 Hz SWP15 8 sec Figure 2 41 View Co Channel Measurement NOTE Because of the minimum hold function used in this measurement the delta marker display is approximately 3 dB
174. l selection 8 Press FCC COMPOSIT to select the FCC composite test signal or NTC 7 COMPOSIT to select the NTC 7 composite test signal To assist in test signal identification a small schematic diagram of the test signal is displayed at the top of the screen b Press 5th PKT YES NO to determine whether the 5th riser of the staircase is included in the measurement The default is NO NO is underlined and the changes are permanent until changed again by pressing this key The status of this key is reported on the results screen just below the results box In system mode the 5th packet is never measured Most modulators have 9096 limiting which causes the 5th packet to be clipped on an NTC 7 composite test signal because the 5th step exceeds the white bar by more than 1 596 Under these conditions it is recommended that you do not use the 5th packet in your measurement This will calculate the differential gain and differential phase result based on the reference and the Erst four packets Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements C Press DP TEST NTC FCC to determine whether the test meets the FCC or NTC definitions The FCC definition of differential phase and that of the NCTA measures only the largest phase deviation from the phase of the reference packet The NTC definition measures the peak to peak deviation of phase from that of the reference packet The default is FCC FCC is underlined and changes are permanent until chan
175. l tests 6 9 clear current test plan 6 9 co channel interference 5 27 composite second order 2 26 composite triple beat 2 26 create test plan 6 10 cross modulation 2 30 data to printer 6 10 default setup configuration 7 15 depth of modulation 2 31 differential gain phase 2 37 display line delta 5 12 done 6 13 enter channel number 6 18 enter location 6 19 enter range of channels 6 18 enter temperature 6 20 external internal amplifier gain 7 10 external internal amp noise figure 7 10 FM deviation 2 46 frequency offset CSO CTB 7 9 Index 17 frequency response 5 14 frequency response setup 5 23 gated measurements 5 17 HRC tune configuration 7 12 hum measurement 2 48 inchannel frequency response 2 51 initiate immediate measurement 6 22 IRC tune configuration 7 13 listen on off 5 19 list files on RAM card 6 7 main menu 6 21 no 6 23 off the air 7 6 picture and sound 7 14 picture on off 7 14 print report 6 26 recall data from RAM card 6 27 recall test plan 6 28 6 29 recall test plan from RAM card 6 27 recall trace B from internal 5 20 results to printer 6 13 results to RAM card 6 16 save data to RAM card 6 30 save test plan 6 29 6 30 save to plan number 6 23 6 24 6 25 save trace B to internal memory 5 21 select all tests 6 6 select channel 7 8 select external internal amp 7 1 1 select external pad 7 1 1 select next page of results 6 22 select page of
176. l tests provided by the HP 85721A personality the analyzer automatically selects the attenuator setting to meet the above requirements 1 Use the necessary adapters to connect the cable TV signal to the analyzer See Figure 3 3 2 If your analyzer has Option 107 installed you must use the coupler provided and connect the cable TV signal to the TV IN and analyzer input connectors as shown in Figure 3 4 Figure 3 4 shows the connections for RF and video measurements 3 If your analyzer has Option 107 installed ensure that the rear panel TV TRIG OUT is connected to GATE IN as shown in Chapter 1 3 8 System Measurements Making System Measurements NOTE The TV IN connector on the HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 is located on the front panel However on HP 8590 E Series spectrum analyzers with Option 107 the TV IN connector is located on the rear panel oooog DO ooo CABLE TV SIGNAL pf76a Figure 3 3 Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector CABLE TV SIGNAL pt77a Figure 3 4 Connections for HP 8591 C analyzer with Option 107 RF Measurements Hints You can return to the system measurements softkeys by pressing MODE MODE 3 9 System Measurements Making System Measurements Step 3 Enter the location code Press SYSTEM MEAS 2 Press ENTER LOCATION 3 Press the data keys to enter the location code The location co
177. lans that have been saved in analyzer memory plans 1 through 5 e Delete any of the test plans that have been saved on a RAM card e Delete the location code if one was entered e Delete the temperature entry if one was entered Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan to access CLEAR TST PLAN Clearing the Current Test Plan in Chapter 3 6 9 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Create TstPlan Description Allows you to access the functions used for building a test plan Pressing Create TstPlan accesses ENTER BY CHANNEL ENTER BY RANGE Save TstPlan VIEW CH SEL and Prev Menu Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 accesses Create TstPlan DATA TO PRINTER Description Allows you to retrieve the test data from a RAM card file and send it to a printer to be printed The printer needs to be connected to the analyzer Figure 6 4 shows an example printout Table 6 2 explains the different items on a printout DATA FILE 5 System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions PAGE HP 85721A CABLE TV MEASUREMENT SYSTEM DATE OF MEASU LOCATION CODE ENTERED TEMPE SERIAL NUMBER OVEN REF YES TUNE CONFIG CTB 68 2 dB CSO 57 1 dB 7 REMENTS 11 24 93 TIME OF MEASUREMENT 17 30 930025 RATURE 70
178. le ogram file type LIMIT is for the limit line file type STATE is the instrument state file type end TRACE is for the trace data ile type Starting address H File length Time of creation The time and date that the file was created gth number represents the nu of records in the file ine the available space left on a ory card subtract this column from the total nu of records For e sum of the number of records for the 3 files that are igure 86 115 187 The total number of records for the d is 512 so the available number of records on the d is approximately 325 Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 to access CATALOG CARD See Also Cataloging a RAM Card in Chapter 3 6 8 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions CLEAR TESTS Description Allows you to clear all selected tests for the current channel Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan ENTER BY CBANNEL or ENTER BY RANGE YES or NO to access CLEAR TESTS CLEAR TST PLAN Description Allows you to clear the current test plan CLEAR TST PLAN clears the current test plan by removing the channel numbers and the tests for those channels from the current test plan CLEAR TST PLAN does not do any of the following e Delete any of the test p
179. line 12 displayed or move directly into the gated C N test When PAUSE is set to YES line 12 is displayed giving you the opportunity to explore the vertical interval by changing the line and field values A different line from 12 can be selected If PAUSE is set to NO this step is skipped unless the analyzer finds it cannot recognize a quiet line It begins looking for a quiet line on line 12 but if it finds line 12 to be not quiet it moves to line 10 searches both fields there and moves up through the lines to 20 looking for a quiet line Thus when PAUSE is NO it will still pause if it cannot find a quiet line When GATING is set to YES pressing CARRIER NOISE results in bypassing of variation 1 Then if PAUSE is set to NO the analyzer will move directly to the gated test It is intended that you will select this configuration of GATING and PAUSE after becoming familiar with the operation of the test Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description Another difference between the non gated and the gated variations of the test is the frequency range over which the noise is measured The non gated test measures the noise at the current marker position averaged with 1 position on either side In a 6 MHz span 3 measurement buckets is a range of 45 kHz This range is then mathematically converted to the 4 MHz reporting bandwidth This assumes the noise floor is flat which is almost always true when using the method of turning
180. lling the degree of internally generated distortion For some analyzers changing the input attenuator settings changes the vertical position of the signal on the display which then changes the reference level accordingly In Hewlett Packard microprocessor controlled analyzers the IF gain is changed to compensate for changes in input attenuator settings Because of this the signals remain stationary on the display and the reference level is not changed input impedance The terminating impedance that the analyzer presents to the signal source The nominal impedance for RF and microwave analyzers is usually 50 Q For some systems such as cable TV 75 Q is standard The degree of mismatch between the nominal and actual input impedance is called the VSWR voltage standing wave ratio integer number A whole number with no decimal or fractional part IRC See incrementally related carriers Glossary 9 limit line A test limit made up of a series of line segments positioned according to frequency and amplitude within the analyzer s measurement range Two defined limit lines may be displayed simultaneously One sets an upper test limit the other sets a lower test limit Trace data can be compared with the limit lines as the analyzer sweeps If the trace data exceeds either the upper or lower limits the analyzer displays a message or sounds a warning indicating that the trace failed the test limits limit line file The user memory Ele
181. lly set according to the frequency span setting when the test is entered 8 30 Test Descriptions Digital Channel Power Measurement Description We assume that the channel BW is at least 75 of the selected frequency span Table 8 1 Auto Resolution Bandwidth RBW and Video Bandwidth VBW selection RBW kHz VBW kHz 3000 QWHz gt SPAN gt l2MH2 30 w L2 MHz gt span gt o 4 mde m SPAN lt 0 4 MHz Please note the analyzer has been configured for maximum accuracy Adjustment of VBW or RBW may degrade measurement performance The following steps are performed to determine channel power The logarithmic trace is converted to linear units volts and the RMS average is computed The value is then converted back to logarithmic measurement units The power result is then normalized to a power spectral density in a 1 Hz bandwidth and scaled to the desired channel bandwidth The formula is Channel power Noise equivalent BW x RMS power spectral density in a 1 Hz BW Where Noise equivalent BW IBW 1 128 x RBW Power spectral density in a 1 Hz BW total power total BW IBW Channel BW or integration BW RBW Resolution bandwidth Test Descriptions Digital Channel Power Measurement Description 16141138 SEP 12 1996 dg CHANNEL STD MKR 317 58 BUB REF 29 3 dmy AT ie dB 29 53 GBmYMARKER 1 MARKER 2 AVERAGE ON off Y OF AVERAGES DIGITAL W Cpower between CHANNEL POWER dBm
182. lowing keys MORE 1 of 3 VID AVG ON OFF ON is underlined c To return to the cable TV menu turn video average off OFF is underlined press Detector PK SP NG until SP is underlined then press MODE MODE d To view multiple horizontal lines change the sweep time press SWEEP enter the new number and press ms or gs Press the mode key twice MODE MODE to return to the cable TV menu 2 33 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE The displayed video is inverted from how it would appear on a waveform analyzer that is sync is displayed at the top in this test and would be displayed at the bottom with a waveform analyzer e Press TV TRIG ODD FLD to change to odd field or TV TRIG EVEN FLD to change to even field Press TV TRIG VERT INT to trigger on both fields 4 Press MORE INFO to display the test results ideal value and other measurement considerations See Figure 2 22 Press RETURN when finished 14 46 48 NOV 23 1993 pA MKR 7 3000 msec REF 83 86 mV AT 10 dB 10 230 mV SMPL LIN DEPTH OF MODULATION TEST The current test result is 880 The ideal value 15 87 5 NOTE Thistest requiresthat a white reference inat least one horizontallineand that the signal 1S not scrambled RETURN CENTER 67 275 MHZ SPAN 0 Hz RES BW1 0 MHz VBW 1 MHz SWP 20 0 msec Figure 2 22 Depth of Video Modulation More Information 2 34 Channel
183. matting a RAM card 8 If you want to print the results press COPY 9 To stop the test press MAIN MENU Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Hints 1 For best results the carrier to noise ratio of the system should be 40 dBc or greater na 4 MHz noise bandwidth 2 For this measurement to work correctly the Vertical Interval Test Signals VITS must include a white signal level In addition you may need to turn off channel scrambling 2 36 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Differential 1 Select a channel then pressMain 1 of 3 Main 2 of 3 gain differential phase DIF GAIN DIF PHAZ test NOTE Option 107 is required for the differential gain differential phase test 2 The test signal is found automatically if a test signal exists The search starts at the default line number line 18 If a test signal is not found the search routine will stop at the first 7 or FCC composite test signal it finds while counting down from line 22 to line 10 Figure 2 23 shows the FCC composite test signal Figure 2 24 shows the NTC 7 composite signal 14 22 59 NO 23 1993 A MKA 39 200 psec REF 142 6 mV 10 84 242 mV SELECT TV LINE LIN FIELD ODD EVEN AUTO SIG SEARCH Select Test Sig CONTINUE CENTER 67 249 MHz SPAN 0 Hz RES 00 kHz VBW 3 MHZ SWP BO psec Figure 2 23 FCC Composite Test
184. memory This means that the analyzer retains the selections even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup to access Channel Tuning Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 CSO FREQ OFFSET and CTB FREQ OFFSET Description Allows you to specify the location above or below a visual carrier to measure system CSO and system CTB The defaults are channel 4 CTB 6 MHz above the visual carrier and CSO 4 75 MHz above the visual carrier Simply press CSO FREQ OFFSET CSO and or CTB FREQ OFFSET CTB enter a positive frequency to measure above the visual carrier or a negative frequency to measure below the visual carrier then press ENTER Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup System Beats to access CSO FREQ OFFSET and CTB FREQ OFFSET Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 3 See Also See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions EXT AMP GAIN Description Allows you to select the gain value of an external preamplifier for the carrier to noise test The default value is 20 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier The preamplifier selection is stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Analyzer Input to access EXT AMP GAIN Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapt
185. ments are defined in the Federal Communications Commission s FCC channel identification plan part 76 612 If you do not select a tune configuration the default tune configuration is the standard STD configuration The choices for the tune configuration are standard STD off the air AIR incrementally related carriers IRC harmonically related carriers HRC and T format The analyzer retains the tune configuration selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access AIR Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 7 6 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions Analyzer Input Description Allows you to select an external pad an external preamplifier and measure total power at the input to the analyzer An external 50 Q to 75 Q pad is used for analyzers with 50 Q input impedances The EXT PAD YES NO function compensates for amplitude loss caused by an external pad An external preamplifier or the internal preamplifier in HP 8591C analyzer is used for the carrier to noise test The external pad and preamplifier settings are stored in non volatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made The TOTL PWR INPUT measures the total input power and displays the result on the screen
186. ments on groups of channels Note that when the analyzer is in channel mode CHNL is displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display SYSTEM is displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display when in system mode The softkeys accessed by pressing Set up X allow you to customize the HP 85721A personality to your equipment and system Chapters 2 and 3 contain information on how to use the Setup softkeys CABLE TV ANALYZER Deleting the HP 85721A Personality from the Analyzer The steps outlined below remove the HP 85721A personality tests and functions added to the analyzer by the ROM measurements card 1 Press PRESET Wait for the preset routine to finish 2 Press More 1 of 3 3 Press Dispose User Mem ERASE DLP MEM ERASE DLP MEM 4 Press PRESET 1 15 Getting Started Channel Measurements Channel Measurements What You ll This chapter describes how to make cable TV measurements using the Find in This channel measurements mode of operation CHANNEL MEAS This chapter Chapt er contains information on making channel measurements The tests are listed below along with the softkey that activates them Table 2 1 Channel Measurements To activate Carrier Level and Frequency CARRIER LVL FRQ Carrier to Noise CARRIER NO
187. more accurately measure distortion products less than 10 dB above the analyzer noise The composite second order CSO test measures the relative level of second order inter modulation products that are offset from the carrier under test by 750 kHz or 1 25 MHz The CSO beat at 1 25 MHz falls on the lower channel boundary and can be measured without turning the channel off This beat only appears on lower channel numbers The trace is a time averaged display appropriate for measuring beats The marker does a local peak search to assure it is measuring the peak of the beat With the Option 107 installed the carrier modulation does not have to be turned off After initiating the CSO CTB test and after the gate function has been selected with the GATE ON OFF key a quiet line horizontal line without modulation is selected The CONTINUE softkey is then pressed to perform the measurement The analyzer displays the in channel noise and CSO beats measured only during the quiet line In this way measurements can be made without interrupting service A special case occurs for channels 5 and 6 in a standard channel plan These channels are placed 4 MHz above where they would be if they followed the normal placement as in IRC This allows for measurement of CTB on these channels with the gating function Refer to Composite Second Order Composite Triple Beat Test in Chapter 2 8 16 3 System CSO Test Descriptions Composi
188. nce Sm m jJ m J 415 25 414 0207 415 2625 42125 420 0210 421 2625 421 25 426 0213 421 2625 433 25 432 0216 433 2625 439 25 438 0219 439 2625 44525 444 0222 445 2625 45125 450 0225 4512625 457 25 456 0228 451 2625 463 25 462 0231 463 2625 469 25 468 0234 469 2625 475 25 414 0237 415 2625 481 25 480 0240 48 12625 487 25 486 0243 487 2625 493 25 492 0246 493 2625 499 25 498 0249 499 2625 505 25 504 0252 505 2625 511 25 510 0255 511 2625 517 25 516 0258 517 2625 523 25 522 0261 523 2625 529 25 528 0264 529 2625 535 25 534 0267 535 2625 54125 540 0270 541 2625 541 25 546 0273 541 2625 553 25 552 0276 553 2625 559 25 558 0279 559 2625 565 25 564 0282 565 2625 57125 570 0285 5112625 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 continued Designation MHz Reference s cc J Cd 577 25 576 0288 577 2625 583 25 582 0291 583 2625 589 25 588 0294 589 2625 595 25 594 0297 595 2625 601 25 600 0300 601 2625 607 25 606 0303 607 2625 613 25 612 0306 613 2625 619 25 618 0309 619 2625 625 25 624 0312 625 2625 631 25 630 0315 631 2625 637 25 636 0318 637 2625 643 25 642 0321 643 2625 9125 90 0045 912625 97 25 96 0048 97 2625 103 25 102 0051 103 2625 109 2750 108 0250 109 2750 115 2750 114 0250 115 2750 649 2500 648 0324 649 2625 655 2500 654 0327 655 2625 661 2500 660 0330 661 262
189. nce of an ac power source This memory is typically retained with a battery Refer also to battery backed RAM normalized reference level An amplitude level representing 0 dB deviation from a calibrated system s response It is obtained by subtracting the system s response from itself Glossary 11 normalized reference position The position on a network analyzer s display of the normalized reference level off the air tune configuration The tune configuration for signals that are broadcast over the air and received with an antenna over the air tune configuration See off the air tune configuration oven reference An analyzer that has an oven reference has increased absolute frequency reference accuracy because the internal oscillators are phase locked to an internal precision frequency reference parameter units Standard units of measure which include the following Unit Unit Name Abbreviation frequency hertz power level decibel relative to milliwatts Measured Parameter power ratio decibel voltage volt time Second electrical current ampere impettanee resistance ohm personality Applications available on a memory card or other electronic media that extends the capability of an instrument for specific uses Examples include digital radio personalities and cable TV personalities preamplifier An external low noise Egure amplifier that improves system preamplifier l analyzer sensitivity
190. nd Characteristics Depth of Modulation characteristic Percent AM is measured from horizontal sync tip to maximum video level measurement requires a white reference VITS and may not be valid for scrambled channels AM Range 50 to 93 Resolution 0 1 Accuracy 2 0 for C N gt 40 dB Digital Channel Power Measurement Characteristic Accuracy 1 0dBfor 6 MHz channel bandwidth and 10 averages FM Deviation characteristicl Peak reading of FM deviation Range 100 kHz Resolution 100 Hz Accuracy 1 5 kHz Hum Low Frequency Disturbance Power line frequency and low frequency disturbance measured on modulated and or unmodulated carriers May not be valid for scrambled channels AM Range 0 5 to 10 Resolution 0 1 Accuracy 0 4 for hum lt 3 0 7 for hum lt 5 1 3 for hum lt 10 The C N is calculated from the visual carrier peak level end the minimum oise level normalized to 4 MHz noise bandwidth See Graphs nput level dependent See graphs 0 1 dB nput level and measured C N dependent 1 0 to 3 5 dBover optimum input range Visual Carrier to Noise Ratio CIN Optimum Input Range Maximum C N Range C N Resolution C N Accuracy A preamplifier and preselector filter may be required to achieve specifications Optimum input range is determined at the time of measurement since a total input power measurement is first done to automatically set the attenuator 9 5 CSO and CTB Distortion Optim
191. negatively affect the result because the power in the Spurious signal is added into the noise level It is best to find the reason for the spurious signal and eliminate it But if this is not possible it is best to reduce the integration range and adjust its position 0 it does not include the spurious signal NOTE 14 05 54 JAN 25 1995 7 CHANNEL STD 225 582 MHz REF 4 3 dBmU AT 10 dB 39 72 dBnmV GATE ON OFF AVERAGE ON OFF OUTER MARKERS DEFINE ACTUAL NOISE INTEGRATION RANGERF START 221 752 MHz STOP 227 752 MHz YRES BW 30 kHz VBH 3 MHz XSWP 6 96 sec Figure 2 12 Carrier to Noise Modulation and Gating On The AV ERAGE ON OFF key defaults to ON for the gated test because it is done with a wide video bandwidth The non gated test is done in a narrow video bandwidth so this key has less obvious effect in this mode Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press MODE MODE to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card If you want to print the results press COPY Press MAIN MENU or More GO TO CSO CTB to exit the test a If GO TO CSO CTB is pressed the CSO CTB test is entered without having to remeasure the carrier level b If MAIN MENU is pressed and GATE
192. ng a If the test data for a channel is missing and the test had been selected check that the test could be performed on the channel e For example if the test measures both the visual and aural carriers check that there is an aural carrier present a If the system composite second order CSO and composite triple beat CTB test data is missing ensure that YES was selected when the CSO and CTB testing prompt appeared The selection for CSO and CTB testing is not saved with the test plan To check and select CSO and CTB testing 1 Press Measure Now YES CSO and CTB testing will be performed on the channel specified by the SYS BTS TST CHNL softkey in the Setup menu 2 If NO is selected after pressing Measure Now CSO and CTB testing will not be performed 4 13 CAUTION If You Have a Problem Other Problems If the test results are not what you expected If the test results are not what you expected it could be because of one of the following Do not exceed the specified power input limit for the analyzer el The input signal was not connected e Ensure that the signal is present at the analyzer input e Ensure that the coupler connections and rear panel connections are made See Chapter 2 for more information e Ensure proper test signals line location and field number were specified for the Option 107 required tests a The input signal is too low to be measured e If the input signal is too low use
193. ng Channel Measurements Step 2 Connect the signal to the analyzer To prevent the analyzer input from being damaged the total power at the analyzer input must be less than 72 dBmV To prevent the analyzer input mixer from being overloaded the total power at the analyzer input mixer must be less than 37 dBmV except for CSO or CTB for which 27 dBmv is the maximum total power input to the mixer For systems with unequal carrier levels system tilt the total power must be calculated by summing the individual carriers The TOTL PWR INPUT softkey function accounts for system tilt You can measure the input power by pressing Setup Analyzer Input TOTL PWR INPUT The total power is displayed at the bottom of the screen Total power at the input mixer can be reduced by increasing input attenuation Press ATTEN and make the adjustment The analyzer retains a manually selected attenuation until you either select a new value or reset the analyzer power on default conditions For all tests provided by the HP 85721A personality the analyzer automatically selects the attenuator setting to meet the above requirements 1 Use the necessary adapters to connect the cable TV signal to the analyzer See Figure 2 4 2 If your analyzer has Option 107 installed you must use the coupler provided and connect the cable TV signal to the TV IN and analyzer input connectors as shown in Figure 2 5 Figure 2 5 shows the connections for RF and vid
194. ng pad dc block the analyzer will compensate for most of the impedance mismatch but amplitude measurements can have up to 0 2 dB additional error caused by the uncompensated mismatch over the frequency range CAUTION dc voltages in excess of 25 V and ac power line voltages in excess of 100 Vpeak can permanently damage the analyzer input 5 For using an external amplifier preamp An external amplifier may be required for the carrier to noise test See Chapter 8 for more information about when a preamplifier is required for the carrier to noise test The 2 5 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements carrier to noise test calculates the noise contribution of the external amplifier and reports that correction on the MORE INFO screen of the carrier to noise test Connect the output of the external amplifier to the analyzer input or input of coupler Connect the cable TV signal to the input of the external amplifier Press Analyzer Input EXT AMP YES NO to underline YES Press EXT AMP GAIN then enter the gain value of the external amplifier The default value is 20 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier Press EXT AMP NZ FIG then enter the noise Egure value of the external amplifier The default value is 7 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu The TOTL PWR INPUT function measures the total RF power into the analyzer Use this function to externally adjust the total power into the
195. not true That is when adding modulation to a carrier wave signal results will increase not decrease For example if the results are less than 3 percent with modulation on FCC rule 76 605 a 10 is satisfied If a channel does exceed 3 percent it may still pass by testing again without video modulation When video modulation is not present the test sets the analyzer to the conditions set forth in the NCTA Recommended Practices See Figure 8 7 A setting of zero span with a sweep time of 5 ms div acts as a signal level meter and oscilloscope display and a video bandwidth of 1 kHz functions as a 1 kHz low pass Elter Several peak to peak measurements are taken then the average measurement is reported 8 24 Test Descriptions Hum Test Description Selecting the MORE INFO softkey displays the low frequency spectrum around the visual carrier The marker can be used to identify the frequency and level of interference relative to the carrier Obtaining meaningful results even in the presence of video modulation is a great benefit No one needs to be present at the headend to temporarily insert a carrier wave signal and subscribers are not deprived of service On a properly operating system results with video modulation present will usually be under the 3 percent limit Low frequency disturbances on channels above the limit are often a combination of video Eeld time distortion on the received signal and cable system hum The dominant contribut
196. nough room on the RAM card you need to delete unwanted files from the RAM card To delete files from the RAM card use DELETE FILE deletes a single file from the RAM card DELETE FILE is found under the hardkey The RAM card can be cataloged by using CATALOG CARD Press Measure Now Yes or No or Timed Measure to access DUMP TO RAM CARD Formatting a RAM card in Chapter 3 Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 The description of Recall Data in this chapter Making Timed System Measurements in Chapter 3 6 16 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DUMP TO SCREEN Description Allows you to send test results to the analyzer screen If data is sent to the screen the following options are available e NEXT PAGE displays the next page of test results e PREV PAGE displays the previous page of test results e GOTO PAGE displays selected page number e PRINT REPORT prints a test results report e STORE TO CARD stores test results to a RAM card Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Measure Now Yes or No to access DUMP TO SCREEN Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 6 17 Sea Also See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions ENTER BY CHANNEL Description Allows you to enter channels individually or to edit the test plan
197. ns have been saved in analyzer memory If a test plan has been saved in analyzer memory the trace register s catalog entry shows the date that the test plan was saved The date is displayed after the trace register TR number and TL If the test plan was saved with a title the title will be displayed also 16 16 39N0 23 1993 RE HIN CF 388 MHz SP 8 Hz ST2 CF 908 MHz SP 108 0 kHz ST3 CF 1 506Hz SP iQ0 0 kHz ST4 CF 980MHz SP 1 808 GHz ST5 CF 380M Hz SP 1 800 GHz ST6 CF 900 MHz SP 1 800 GHz Setite ST7 CF 908 2 SP 100 0 kHz FILE ST8 CF 213 MHz SP 6 088 MHz TRO TL 21 20 27 AUG 31 1993 TR TL 21 20 27 AUG 31 1993 SEDET TR2 TL 15131122 NOV 23 1993 BRE EIE TR3 TL 21 20 27 AUG 31 1993 TRA TL 21 28 28 AUG 31 1993 TR5 TL 21 20 28 AUG 31 1993 Exit TR6 TL 16 05 04 NOV 16 1993 Catalog TR7 TL 19 46 34 NOV 83 1993 TRE TL 04 37 43 SEP 01 1993 TRO TL 21 20 28 AUG 31 1993 Previous Menu RT Figure 3 17 Catalog Analyzer Internal Memory 3 33 Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card 1 If RECALL FRM CRD is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER Recall TstPian 2 Press RECALL FRM 3 Press the softkey with the plan number you want to recall For example press PLAN 1 to recall the test plan in plan number 1 4 Press DONE Recalling Test Data from the RAM Card 1 If you have not done so already connect the printer to the analyzer as d
198. ns in the channel measurement mode Chapter 6 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functions in the system measurement mode Chapter 7 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functions in the Setup menu Chapter 8 provides descriptions of all tests Chapter 9 contains specifications and characteristics of the HP 85721A Cable TV Measurements and System Monitor Personality with supported analyzer In addition channel identification plans and a channel survey map for characterizing your system are provided as test aids xii Conventions This guide uses the following conventions Front Panel_ Key Softkey Softkey ON OFF ON Softkey AUTO MAN AUTO Screen Text A boxed uppercase name in this typeface represents a key physically located on the instrument A boxed word written in this typeface indicates a softkey a key whose label is determined by the instrument s firmware A boxed word written in this typeface with the words ON and OFF can turn a function on or off The underlined function is shown in parenthesis A boxed word written in this typeface with the words AUTO and MAN can either be auto coupled or have its value manually changed The underlined function is shown in parenthesis Text printed in this typeface indicates text displayed on the spectrum analyzer screen x111 Analyzer Operation NOTE If you are not familiar with your analyzer refer to the analyzer s ins
199. nt to a spectrum at any other point in the system where you want to evaluate the frequency response The signal level and amplitude slope should be approximately the same as the reference trace 1 Take a reference trace using TAKE REF TRACE or recall a trace from internal memory by using RECALL FRM INT Refer to the TAKE REF TRACE or RECALL FRM INT descriptions for more information about these functions 2 After the reference trace appears on screen press CONTINUE then press DO FRQ RESP TST 3 To align the frequency of the measurement trace with that of the reference trace press CENTER FREQ and use the f step up and TD step down keys do not use the data knob to minimize amplitude ripple that may occur over the entire trace small variations spaced by 6 MHz Best results occur when the keys are pressed when the sweep is in the last division to the right This adjustment is not necessary unless the ripple is annoying or your measurement must be very precise At this point you can use the marker functions to evaluate the data while the measurement is in progress See Figure 5 8 15 34 37 NOV 23 1993 hy Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions REF 48 5 dBmV AT 10 dB MKR A 289 4 MHZ 49 d8 PEAK LOG 2 dB MARKER A 289 4 MHz 49 dB MERE EE RESPONSE EASUREMENT IN PROGRESS CENTER 239 5
200. o Channel System Measurements Menu lof2 System Measurements Menu 2 of 2 An Example of Cataloging a RAM Card An Example Printout Contents 2 56 Contents 9 Contents 6 5 An Example Printout gt lt c t t to tot ee eee 6 14 7 1 TV RECEIVER Menu Map ee ee eee 7 3 7 2 Setup Configuration Menu Map 7 4 7 3 CTRL Menu 73 8 1 Measuring the Visual Level and Aural Carrier Difference 8 3 8 2 Measuring the Visual Frequency and Aural Frequency Difference s ll ssl 8 5 8 3 Carrier to Noise Measurement gt gt ees 8 9 8 4 MORE IMFO Screen 8 9 8 5 Determining the Level of the Beat Product and Noise Level 8 17 8 6 HUM Video Modulation On 8 26 8 7 HUM Video Modulation OFF 8 26 8 8 HUM More Information gt 8 27 8 9 Measuring the Depth of Modulation 8 29 8 10 Tuned Digital Channel Display 8 30 8 11 Results of Digital Channel Power Test t t 8 32 8 12 FCC Composite Test Signal 8 34 8 13 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal gt gt gt o gt o 8 34 8 14 Chrominance to Luminance 8 35 8 15 Differential Gain Differential Phase 8 39 8 16 In Channel Frequency Response es 8 40 8 17 Multi Burst Response a 2 ee ens 8 41 8 18 Cro
201. of the tests press CLEAR TESTS If you want to select all the tests press ALL TESTS e If you want to specify which tests are to be performed use the data keys to enter the number of the test then press ENTER Repeat this step for all of the test numbers that you want to select System Measurements Creating a Test Plan e If you selected the carrier to noise and or CSO test enter the quiet line number and odd even or both fields when prompted e If you selected the in channel frequency response test enter the frequency response line number odd even or both fields and the desired test signal type when prompted e If you selected a video test differential gain differential phase and or chroma luma delay enter the line number of the test signal odd or even field and the desired test signal type when prompted NOTE The same quiet line and test signal numbers selected here will be used for all selected channels when using ENTER BY RANGE 7 After you have selected the test or tests press DONE 8 If you want to view the selected channels press VIEW CH SEL You can enter channels into the test plan as individual channels or as a range of channels This procedure described how to enter a range of channels into the test plan System Measurements Creating a Test Plan 6 13 24N0V23 1 9 9 3 ENTER FIRST Channel in range using the keypad ENTER number then pressthe ENTER key CHANNEL 23 Figure 3 14
202. ol line B of the analyzer auxiliary interface is set to a TTL high level 3 The center frequency of the analyzer is increased to the frequency of the test channel plus the CTB offset of 6 MHz default setting of FREQ OFFSET 4 The beat level is measured 5 The beat level is subtracted from the visual carrier peak level 6 Control line B of the analyzer auxiliary interface is set to 0 volts dc To End the beat products the analyzer center frequency is changed so that any beat products in the gap between channels 4 and 5 can be measured To avoid measuring the skirts of the visual carrier the resolution bandwidth and frequency span of the analyzer are decreased To optimize the distortion measurement capability of the analyzers the reference level is decreased to bring the noise level within the Erst six divisions of the graticule and input attenuation is adjusted for the best dynamic range At this point in the CTB test the control B line of the analyzer auxiliary interface is set to a TTL high level If you wish to momentarily turn off the carrier you may End it useful to use control line B with additional circuitry to turn off the carrier The beat level is measured The beat level is subtracted from the visual carrier peak level More Discussion about the CSO CTB Tests Test Descriptions Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description To accurately determine beat amplitude the beat level is measured and compar
203. omer agrees to all terms and conditions of the License Agreement Opening the media envelope or operating the equipment indicates your acceptance of these terms and conditions If you do not agree to the License Agreement you may return the unopened package for a full refund 111 License Agreement In return for payment of the applicable fee Hewlett Packard grants the Customer a license in the software until terminated subject to the following Use e Customer may use the software on one analyzer instrument e Customer may not reverse assemble or decompile the software Copies and Adaptations e Customer may make copies or adaptations of the software a For archival purposes or a When copying or adaptation is an essential step in the use of the software with a computer so long as the copies and adaptations are used in no other manner e Customer has no other rights to copy unless they acquire an appropriate license to reproduce which is available from Hewlett Packard for some software Customer agrees that no warranty free installation or free training is provided by Hewlett Packard for any copies or adaptations made by Customer e All copies and adaptations of the software must bear the copyright notices s contained in or on the original Ownership e Customer agrees that they do not have any title or ownership of the software other than ownership of the physical media e Customer acknowledges and agrees that the
204. on Allows you to select the standard STD channel tuning configuration If you do not select a channel configuration the default configuration is the standard STD configuration The choices for the channel tuning configuration are standard STD off the air AIR incrementally related carriers IRC harmonically related carriers HRC and T format The analyzer retains the channel tuning configuration selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup Channel Tuning to access STD Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions SYS BTS TST CHNL Description Allows you to select a channel to perform system beats testing The default is channel 4 If YES is selected after selecting Measure Now system beats will be measured in the channel specified by SYS BTS TST CHNL The results are displayed on the first page of the measurement data System beats testing is selected independently of the test plan and is not stored with the test plan The analyzer retains the channel selection even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup System Beats accesses SYS BTS TST CHNL Step 6 Make the measurements now in Chapter 3 7 17 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descrip
205. on loss lt 2 dB Coupled output 9 dB 0 5dB For 20 dBmV signal level at coupler input end room temperature Non Interfering Tests with Gate On C N and CSO See graphs for accuracy quiet line must be selected In channel Frequency Response Accuracy within channel 0 5 dB within channel HP 8591C only 10 75 dB 85MHz IHP 8590 E Series 10 50 dB gt 85 M Hz HP 8590 E Series A preamplifier and preselector filter may be required to achieve specifications T Optimum input range is determined et the time of measurement since a total input power measurement is first done to automatically set the attenuator 9 9 Channel Identification Plans Table 9 1 FCC Numerical Designation of Television Channels Section 73 603 Channel Number Frequency Band MHz 54 60 60 66 66 72 76 82 82 88 174 180 180 186 186 192 192 198 196 204 204 210 210 216 470 476 476 482 482 488 488 494 494 500 500 506 508 512 512 518 518 524 524 530 530 536 536 542 542 548 548 554 554 560 560 566 506 572 lt c c a WwW r 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 M2 Specifications and Test Aids Channel Identification Plans Table 9 1 FCC Numerical Designation of Television Channels Section 73 603 continued Channel Number Frequency Band MHz 572 578 578 584 584 590 590 596 596 602 602 608 608 614 614620 620 626 626 632 632 638 638 644
206. operate with the HP 8591C cable TV analyzer However certain spectrum analyzers can be used in place of the HP 8591C cable TV analyzer The hardware and Ermware compatibility requirements for using spectrum analyzers are shown in the following table Table I I Spectrum Analyzer Requirements for Running the HP 85721A Personality e HP 8591C analyzer and HP 8590 E Series spectrum analyzers are supported with firmware dated 930923 or later Option 004 Precision Frequency Reference e Option 043 R 232 or Option 021 HP IB Interface required for printer output and programming e Option 301 TV Sync Trigger FADC or Options 101 and 1021 e Option 107 TV receiver required for video and gated measurements NOTE Options 004 043 and 301 are standard with the HP 8591C analyzer Also the HP 85721A personality is pre loaded into the HP 8591C analyzer 1 3 Setup for Cable TV Measurements This section explains the steps that are necessary to prepare the analyzer for making a measurement and printing out the results The steps are as follows e Load the HP 85721A personality into analyzer memory if necessary e Perform the self calibration routines e Install a printer e Connect cable for non interfering measurements e Start channel or system mode of operation NOTE The HP 85721A personality is pre loaded into the HP 8591C analyzer Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 1 Load the HP 8572 1A personalit
207. or may be identified by removing the signal input to the headend inserting a clean carrier wave signal on that input and retesting More than 3 percent Eeld time distortion on off air signals has been observed but it also has been seen to be caused by multi path interference between the transmitter and the headend antenna Field time distortion on the signal can also be qualitatively separated from cable hum by observing whether the distortions vary with time or picture level since cable hum won t change with picture level 8 25 Test Descriptions Hum Test Description 14 57 00 NOV 23 ho REF 82 70 mV 1993 AT 10 dB MKR A 29 850 msec 996 x Epl LIN HUM LOW FREG DI vipeo 3 CENTER 67 235 MHz RES BW 1 0 MHz VBW 1 MHz SPAN 0 Hz SWP 30 0 msec Figure 8 6 HUM Video Modulation On 16158149 NOV 23 r REF 37 7 dBmV 1993 AT 10 dB MKR a 35 375 msec 7 04 d Oo CENTER 55 233 RES BW 1 0 MHz MHz VBW 1 kHz SPAN 0 Hz SWP 50 0 msec Figure 8 7 HUM Video Modulation OFF 26 Test Descriptions Hum Test Description 18 84 33 DEC 13 1993 7 CHANNEL STD MKR 128 Hz REF 35 3 dBm AT 10 dB 53 10 dB PERK CENTER 67 248 MHZ SPAN Hz YRES BW 1 0 MHz YVBW 1 MHz SWP 800 msec Figure 8 8 HUM More Information 8 27 Changes the center frequency and
208. ose of this chapter is to help you if you have a problem operating in cable TV analyzer mode If the problem is related to the spectrum analyzer mode of operation consult the documentation for the analyzer This chapter is divided into the following sections e Problems that are indicated by error messages that appear on the analyzer display e Other types of problems problems that are not indicated by error messages e How to contact Hewlett Packard 4 2 Error Messages NOTE If you press a softkey or a front panel key while an error message is displayed the analyzer may remember each key press Therefore we recommend that you do not press any keys while the error message is displayed on the analyzer display The error messages are listed alphabetically by the first word in the message ALREADY ENTERED This message indicates that the channel number or test number has already been selected To solve this problem e If you want to delete the channel or edit the tests for the channel use ENTER BY CHANNEL e If you want to enter a range of channel numbers select another channel number that has not already been entered 4 3 If You Have a Problem Error Messages CAUTION Recalled Test Plan Corrupted Selected Test Plan Cleared This message can be caused by the following Q A test plan was not saved in the test plan number that you are trying to recall e If you are not sure of the test plan numbe
209. over that of the analyzer itself Glossary 12 query Any analyzer programming command having the distinct function of returning a response These commands may end with a question mark Query commands return information either to the computer or to the analyzer display quiet line A horizontal line with no video modulation used when performing non interfering measurements of carrier to noise and CSO random access memory RAM random access memory or read write memory is a storage area allowing access to any of its storage locations Data can be written to or retrieved from RAM but data storage is only temporary When the power is removed the information disappears User generated information appearing on a display is RAM data read only memory ROM read only memory that is encoded into the analyzer s firmware The data can be accessed read only it cannot be altered by the user real number A positive or negative number with both a decimal and a fractional part reference level The calibrated vertical position on the display used as a reference for amplitude measurement in which the amplitude of one signal is compared with the amplitude of another regardless of the absolute amplitude of either reference trace The trace previously taken and later compared to the currently displayed trace For example a trace taken at the headend for system frequency response measurements resolution Refer to frequency resolution
210. own in Figure 5 9 16 36 10 NOV 23 1993 15131122 NOV 23 1993 REF 48 5 dBmy AT 10 dB ENTER STRT FRQ ENTER STOP FRQ REGISTER 2 RECALL FRM INT CONTINUE START 54 0 MHz STOP 425 0 MHz YRES 5 0 MHz VBW 1 MHz YSWP 8 00 sec Figure 5 9 Trace B Recalled 5 20 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions SAVE TRB TO INT Description The save trace B to internal memory function stores trace B in internal memory This function simplifies saving either a reference trace or a test result to internal memory This trace can also be saved to a memory card using procedures provided in the analyzer user s guide 1 After setting up to display the desired trace press SAVE TRB TO INT 2 The message ENTER O 5 or 11 THRU MAX REG tt appears Enter a trace register number between 0 and the MAX REG then press ENTER Note that registers 6 through 10 are used by the HP 85721A personality Therefore it is recommended not to use these registers to save the reference trace 3 Trace B is saved internally when the message TRACE B SAVED appears as shown in Figure 5 10 16 41 44 NOV 23 1993 REF 15 1 dBnmV AT 10 dB DO FRQ PEAK W 7 i a 7 RESP TST Loe M BU UN UU IR ANI 18 Ty DEER EUR DEEL AD TH 1 T TAKE REF gay Dod TRACE SAVE TRB TO INT VEERE ETETE PTS EE
211. quency The span setting determines the horizontal axis scale of the analyzer display span accuracy The uncertainty of the indicated frequency separation of any two signals on the display spectrum analyzer A device that effectively performs a Fourier transform and displays the individual spectral components sine waves that constitute a time domain signal Glossary 14 standard tune configuration The tune configuration in which the channels are at the frequencies that the Electronic Industries Association EIA and FCC define to be the standard channel frequencies STD See standard tune configuration stop start frequency Terms used in association with the stop and start points of the frequency measurement range Together they determine the span of the measurement range sweep time The time it takes the local oscillator to tune across the selected span Sweep time directly affects how long it takes to complete a measurement It does not include the dead time between the completion of one sweep and the start of the next It is usually a function of frequency span resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth Resolution affects sweep time in that the IF Elters are band limited circuits requiring Enite times to charge and discharge The amount of time the mixing product remains in the IF filter passband is directly proportional to the bandwidth inversely proportional to the sweep in Hz per unit of time The rise time of a Elter is
212. r catalog the trace registers of analyzer memory as described in Cataloging Analyzer Memory in Chapter 3 The catalog listing will show if a test plan has been saved in the trace register a A trace has been stored in the trace register for the test plan overwriting the test plan Remember that the test plans are stored in trace registers 6 through 10 e If a trace has been saved in the trace register for the test plan you will need to reenter the test plan CAUTION STOP TIME ALREADY PASSED This message indicates that testing did not begin before the stop time occurred To solve this problem e Reenter the start date and time and the stop date and time 4 4 If You Have a Problem Error Messages CAUTION STOP TIME LESS THAN START TIME SET STOP TIME AND TRY AGAIN This message indicates that the ending date or time occurs before the starting date and time To solve this problem e Reenter the stop date and time Remember that the time is entered in a 24 hour hour minute format CHECK CARD IN SLOT SAVE OFF This message indicates that the analyzer cannot write to the RAM card because the RAM card has not been inserted into the memory card reader or the write protect switch on the RAM card is set to the write protect position To solve this problem e Insert the RAM card in the analyzer s memory card reader e Move the write protect switch away from the SAFE position See Formattin
213. r 1 dB or 0 5 dB compression and is usually between 3 dBm and 10 dBm gated measurements The tests requiring Option 107 that allow carrier to noise CSO and in channel frequency response measurements to be performed without disrupting service hard copy Information or data printed onto paper as opposed to its being stored on disk or in the instrument s memory hardkeys Pushbutton keys on the analyzer front panel that control frequency span amplitude instrument state markers controls and data functions Glossary8 HP IB The abbreviation for Hewlett Packard Interface Bus It is a Hewlett Packard proprietary parallel interface that allows you to connect more than one device to a port on a computer or instrument The HP IB bus is also called the IEEE 488 bus in channel frequency response Frequency response test that measures the flatness of an individual cable TV channel incrementally related carriers Incrementally related carriers IRC is a tune configuration where all channels except channels 5 and 6 are standard channels see standard tune configuration for a definition of standard channels input attenuator An attenuator also called an RF attenuator between the input connector and the Erst mixer of an analyzer The input attenuator is used to adjust the signal level incident to the Erst mixer and to prevent gain compression due to high level or broadband signals It is also used to set the dynamic range by contro
214. re DN displayed noise 10 AN analyzer noise 10 To find the ratio of the visual carrier level to the noise level the minimum noise level value is subtracted from the carrier peak level The ratio is then normalized to a 4 MHz noise power bandwidth The message See MORE INFO is displayed if the system noise is within 3 dB of the analyzer noise This can be the case when carrier to noise is gt 50 dB and carrier levels are less than 20 dBmV Refer to the graphs in the specifications located in the HP 8591C Calibration Guide NOTE External preamplifier usage can be enhanced by entering amplifier gain and noise figure values in the Setup menu By selecting an external preamplifier in the Setup menu errors caused by the preamplifier can be accounted for in the carrier to noise calculation When the internal preamplifier automatically turns on its gain and noise figure area automatically accounted for and requires no operator attention Averaging minimizes the measurement to measurement variation of the system noise determination 8 8 Test Descriptions Carrier to Noise Ratio Test Description 16158142 DEC 86 1993 4 CHANNEL STD MKR 69 490 MHz REF 5 7 gBnV AT 20 dB 30 03 dBmy GATE AVERAGE INTGRTN ville FCC MEASUREMENT RANGE 44 MHz mp RNG SET MARKERS DEFINE ACTUAL F ISE INTEGRATION RANGERF More XKNOB CONTROLS CENTER OF RANGE C N 4 MHz CENTER 68 740 MHz SPAN 6 888 MHz YRES BH 30 kHz
215. re the failure and Customer has failed to do so within thirty 30 days of such notice Updates and Upgrades e Customer agrees that the software does not include future updates and upgrades which may be available for HP under a separate support agreement Export e Customer agrees not to export or re export the software or any copy or adaptation in violation of the U S Export Administration regulations or other applicable regulations Limited Warranty Software Hewlett Packard warrants for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase that the software product will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on the analyzer instrument indicated on this package Hewlett Packard does not warrant that the operation of the software will be uninterrupted or error free In the event that this software product fails to execute its programming instructions during the warranty period customer s remedy shall be to return the measurement card media to Hewlett Packard for replacement Should Hewlett Packard be unable to replace the media within a reasonable amount of time Customer s alternate remedy shall be a refund of the purchase price upon return of the product and all copies Media Hewlett Packard warrants the media upon which this product is recorded to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase In the event any media prove to
216. reference level of the analyzer Depth of Modulation Test Description The depth of modulation test measures the percentage 50 to 93 percent measurement range of amplitude modulation AM on the visual carrier The analyzer measures the horizontal synchronization pulse level and vertical interval test signal VITS white level from which it calculates the percentage of AM Scrambled Channels The visual carrier AM modulation depth test may not be valid for scrambled channels depending on the method used to scramble the channel s signal So when testing a scrambled channel You may Want to momentarily turn off scrambling for the channel while the channel is being tested for AM modulation depth You can use control line A of the analyzer auxiliary interface to determine when the analyzer is testing a scrambled channel When testing a scrambled channel the control A line pin 1 of the analyzer auxiliary interface is set high in transistor to transistor logic TTL To perform the depth of modulation measurement the analyzer does the following 1 Changes the center frequency and reference level of the analyzer 2 Changes the amplitude scale and span of the analyzer 3 Measures the minimum level and the maximum level and calculates the percentage of AM modulation depth The visual carrier is centered on the analyzer screen and a 1 MHz resolution bandwidth is used to capture the entire modulation signal For better accuracy the
217. rements and system monitor personality with supported analyzer over the temperature range of 0 C to 55 C The analyzer will meet its specifications after 2 hours of storage at a constant temperature within the operating temperature range 30 minutes after the analyzer is turned on and after CAL FREQ CAL AMPTD have been run Characteristics provide useful but non warranted information in the form of typical nominal or approximate values for analyzer performance Input Configuration Select input conditions of spectrum analyzer 15 Q Spectrum Analyzer No selection required 50 Q Spectrum Analyzer Measurements converted to 75 Q values 50 Spectrum Analyzer Selections HP 8590 Series Option 711 Ext Pad Amplitude offset set to 5 8 dB No Ext Pad Amplitude offset set to zero Channel Selection alyzer tunes to specified channels based upon selected tune configur ation Tune Configuration Standard Off the Air HRC IRC IT and FM channels also in channel odel Range 1to 158 and 201to 300 channel mode 1 to 158 system model 2 to 134 Option 1071 annel Frequencies Defined by Code of Federal Regulations Title 47 Teleco ications Parts 73 603 76 605 76 612 cy Range 5 to 1002 MHz channel model 54 to 896 MHz system model 50 to 850 MHz Option 107 plitude Range 15 to 70dBmVfor S N gt 30 dB Visual Carrier Frequency Visual carrier frequency is counted 9 3 Specifications and Test Aids Cable
218. results 6 21 select previous menu 6 26 select previous page 6 26 select time interval 6 34 set date today 6 35 set time and date 6 35 sound on off 7 16 start time timed measurements 6 31 stop time timed measurements 6 31 system beats testing 7 17 7 18 system frequency response 2 57 system measurement mode 6 32 timed measurements 6 33 total input power 7 20 T tune configuration 7 19 TV receiver mode access 7 13 TV receiver select 7 20 user defined channel 7 21 Index 18 user defined span 7 2 1 view channel selection 6 36 view ingress 2 60 view last test results 6 36 yes 6 37 tests channel 2 2 tests clear all 6 9 test signal line entry system mode 3 23 3 26 test signal search auto diff gain phase 2 37 test signals in channel freq response 2 53 test signals in channel frq test 2 51 test signal timing 2 23 test signal type entry system mode 3 23 3 26 THINKJET SWITCHES key 1 11 time setting the time 4 15 time and date entry RAM files 6 16 Timed Measure description 6 33 Timed Measure key 3 20 timed testing 3 20 time interval 3 20 maximum time interval 6 34 TIME INTERVAL description 6 34 TIME INTERVAL key 3 20 time of creation 6 8 time varying scrambling 8 45 timing non standard test signal 2 23 title entry file 3 28 title entry using external keyboard 3 28 T key 2 4 3 4 TODAY S DATE description 6 35 TODAY S DATE key 3 20 TODAY S TIMEDATE d
219. rm periods of time Stability refers to the local oscillator s ability to remain Exed at a particular frequency over time The sweep ramp that tunes the local oscillator influences where a signal appears on the display Any long term Glossary 7 variation in local oscillator frequency drift with respect to the sweep ramp causes a signal to shift its horizontal position on the display slowly Shorter term local oscillator instability can appear as random FM or phase noise on an otherwise stable signal front panel key Keys typically labeled located on the front panel of an instrument The key labels identify the function the key activities Numeric keys and step keys are two examples of front panel keys full span A mode of operation in which the analyzer scans the entire frequency band of an analyzer function The action or purpose that a specific item is intended to perform or serve The analyzer contains functions that can be executed via front panel key selections or through programming commands The characteristics of these functions are determined by the Ermware in the instrument In some cases a DLP downloadable program execution of a function allows you to execute the function from front panel key selections gain compression The signal level at the input mixer of an analyzer where the displayed amplitude of the signal is a specific number of dB too low due just to mixer saturation The signal level is generally specified fo
220. roducts that occur at the visual carrier frequency continuous sweep mode The analyzer condition where traces are automatically updated each time trigger conditions are met CSO Refer to composite second order beat CTB Refer to composite triple beat Glossary 4 current trace The displayed trace on the analyzer screen default The preset conditions options or parameters of an instrument The default state may be changed by choosing key selections or writing programming commands to use other conditions delta marker An analyzer mode in which a fixed reference marker is established then a second active marker becomes available so it can be placed anywhere along the trace A readout indicates the relative frequency separation and amplitude difference between the reference and active markers depth of modulation Measures the percentage of amplitude modulation on the video carrier between the horizontal synchronization pulse and the vertical interval test signal white level differential gain This is the change in amplitude of the chrominance subcarrier as the luminance changes from a blanking level towards white level It is measured as the difference in amplitude between the largest and smallest segments divided by the largest and expressed in percent differential phase As defined by the NTC this is the maximum peak to peak change in phase of the chrominance subcarrier as the luminance changes from a blanking level to
221. s the percentage of amplitude modulation for low frequency disturbances hum by measuring the peak to peak variation for total hum The Fast Fourier Transform FFT is also used to display the low frequency spectrum around the carrier This information can be used to identify the source of hum Total hum is measured by reading the peak to peak variation in the visual signal level caused by low frequency disturbances hum or repetitive transients The hum test automatically configures the analyzer for measuring with or without video modulation on the carrier This is necessary because analyzer settings used to match the NCTA Recommended Practices cannot be used when video modulation is present Other analyzer settings can be used to compensate for the presence of video modulation then the measurement can be made When video modulation is on the video bandwidth is set to 1 MHz to allow the analyzer to measure only the values of the sync tips See Figure 8 6 When the video bandwidth is set to 1 MHz significant noise is also present This noise is digitally minimized then several peak to peak measurements are taken and averaged Using the average of these measurements gives the best consistency with visual oscilloscope measurements However the effects of noise cannot be completely eliminated and the results reported have slightly more uncertainty usually less than 1 percent larger than when video modulation is off The reverse however is
222. se floor is less than the analyzer noise floor when the total input power is near overload The only way to raise the noise floor without overloading the analyzer is to reduce channel loading through preselection 8 20 Test Descriptions Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description When CS0 CTB is pressed the analyzer measures the total power at the input the level of the channel to be measured and the analyzer noise floor Based on this information it decides what the analyzer attenuator should be set to In addition it alerts you when it thinks additional attention is needed This is indicated by the presence of message See MORE INFO in the lower right hand corner of the screen This message occurs when the cable noise floor is within 3 dB or the analyzer noise floor It is intended to alert the operator that the analyzer signal near noise correction is kicking in In addition the message is presented in inverse video when the cable noise floor is within 2 2 dB of the analyzer noise This indicates the analyzer is correcting the result by more than 3 dB and the measurement uncertainty of the result is rising It is intended that you raise the input level and preselect if necessary 8 21 Test Descriptions Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description More about the MORE INFO Screen The MORE INFO screen is intended to explain how the CSO CTB result is calculated and to assist you in making sure this result reflects the ac
223. seconds This response is more variable for scrambled channels but still is useful for a quick look Experiment to find your own optimum setup 5 24 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Pun ae NOV 23 1993 REF 49 0 dBEnV AT 20 dB DO FRQ PEAK 7 7 z 7 T RESP TST d B TAKE REF gt i TRACE SETUP FIHISHED SAVE THIS REFERENCE SAVE TRB TO INT RECALL FRM INT Prev Menu START 64 8 MHZ STOP 425 8 MHz YRES BW 5 8 MHz VBW 1 MHz SWP 8 00 sec RT Figure 5 12 Conditioned Reference Spectrum 4 Press SAVE TRB TO INT enter a trace register number then press to store the reference spectrum and analyzer state in nonvolatile memory See the SAVE TRB TO INT function for more information about saving trace B Wait until the message TRACE B SAVED appears before proceeding See Figure 5 13 5 With a reference trace displayed on the analyzer press DO FRQ RESP TST to begin the actual comparison test between the reference and the signals under test Refer to the section entitled DO FRQ RESP TST for more information 5 25 Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions NOV 23 1993 REF 49 0 dBm AT 20 dB DO FRQ PEAK RESP TST LOG aad LTTE PT TSE EPEC TS33XXASRSAULEC CL Ka COLT TET Pe I ERAN err Chori TAKE REF
224. sed to see how the frequency response changes with time or temperature Start frequency stop frequency resolution bandwidth video bandwidth and reference level should be the same for the reference trace as the measurement trace If two points are compared that have greater than 8 dB gain difference the reference level can be adjusted to position the trace on the display The system frequency response test measures cable TV distribution system flatness without the need for a sweep generator or other signal source This measurement technique does not require shutting down the system does not interfere with any signals on the system and works on systems with or without horizontal sync suppression scrambling If channels are scrambled any time varying scrambling should be disabled Note that this test is only available in Channel mode View Ingress Test Description The view ingress test measures any unwanted signals from outside the cable TV system which can cause degradation of the receiver s quality The view ingress test places a reference marker at the peak carrier level and activates the delta marker so that you can position it on the unwanted signal The LISTEN AT MKR function allows you to listen to the signal to help determine the source Note that this test is only available in Channel mode 17103 50 DEC 86 1993 fo CHRNNEL STD MKR 3 880 MHz REF 36 8 dBm AT 10 dB 60 39 dB VIEW s x CO CNNL LISTEN
225. software is copyrighted and protected under the copyright laws e Customer acknowledges and agrees that the software may have been developed by a third party software supplier named in the copyright notice s included with the software who shall be authorized to hold the Customer responsible for any copyright infringement or violation of this License Agreement iv Transfer of Rights in Software e Customer may transfer rights in the software to a third party only as part of the transfer of all their rights and only if Customer obtains the prior agreement of the third party to be bound by the terms of this License Agreement e Upon such a transfer Customer agrees that their rights in the software are terminated and that they will either destroy their copies and adaptations or deliver them to the third party e Transfer to a U S government department or agency or to a prime or lower tier contractor in connection with a U S government contract shall be made only upon their prior written agreement to terms required by Hewlett Packard Sublicensing and Distribution e Customer may not sublicense the software or distribute copies or adaptations of the software to the public in physical media or by telecommunication without the prior written consent of Hewlett Packard Termination e Hewlett Packard may terminate this software license for failure to comply with any of these terms provided Hewlett Packard has requested Customer to cu
226. ss Modulation 8 44 8 19 View Ingress 8 46 8 20 View Co Channel t ee 8 47 Contents 10 Tables 1 1 Spectrum Analyzer Requirements for the HP 8572 1A Personality 1 3 2 1 Channel Measurements 2 2 4 1 Ranges for the Cable TV System Monitor Functions ea 4 9 6 Cataloging Memory Card 6 8 6 2 Information Contained in a Printout 6 12 6 3 Information Contained in a Printout 6 15 8 1 Auto Resolution Bandwidth RBW and Video Bandwidth VBW selection 831 8 2 Comparison of CLDI Measurement Values 8 36 9 FCC Numerical Designation of Television Channels Section 73 603 3 9 10 9 2 Channel Identification Plan EIA Interim Standard No 6 CP and FCC Part 76 612 9 13 9 3 FM Broadcast Channels 9 19 9 4 T Channels i 9 22 Contents 11 Contents Getting Started What You ll Find in This Chapter Getting Started This chapter provides step by step procedures for setting up an analyzer to perform cable TV measurements using the HP 85721A Cable TV Measurements and System Monitor Personality This chapter contains the following sections e supported spectrum analyzer requirements e setup for cable TV measurements e deleting the HP 85721A personality from the analyzer Supported Spectrum Analyzer Requirements The HP 85721A personality is designed to
227. st plan in test plan 1 it is stored in trace register 6 The channel numbers tests scrambling status channel tuning configuration quiet line number frequency response line number test signal line number and field selection are saved in the test plan The location code the temperature the selection of CTB testing and the setting for an external pad EXT PAD YES NO are not stored with the test plan but are stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory and are retained until changed Recalling a test plan from plan 1 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions Recalling a test plan overwrites the current test plan If you do not want the current test plan to be overwritten save the current test plan before recalling a test plan When you recall the a test plan from test plan 1 it is recalled from trace register 6 The location code the temperature the selection of CTB testing and the setting for an external pad EXT PAD YES NO are not recalled with the test plan Before initiating testing with a recalled test plan you may want to do the following e Enter the location code e Enter the temperature reading e Change the setting of the CTB testing in Setup menu e Change the setting of the external pad compensation in Setup menu Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan Save TstPlan then SAVE TO INT MEM to access PLAN 1
228. t impedance If you use an HP 11981A external pad the external pad causes approximately 5 8 dB of amplitude loss The external pad function EXT PAD YES NO can be used to compensate for this amplitude loss e Connect the matching pad to the spectrum analyzer input e Press Analyzer Input EXT PAD YES NO to underline YES e Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu If you are using a spectrum analyzer with 50 Q input impedance but are not using an external matching pad dc block the analyzer will compensate for most of the impedance mismatch but amplitude measurements can have up to 0 2 dB additional error caused by the uncompensated mismatch over the frequency range dc voltages in excess of 25 V and ac power line voltages in excess of CAUTION 100 Vpeak can permanently damage the analyzer input 3 5 System Measurements Making System Measurements 5 For using an external amplifier preamp An external amplifier may be required for the carrier to noise test See Chapter 8 for more information about when a preamplifier is required for the carrier to noise test The carrier to noise test calculates the noise contribution of the external amplifier and reports that correction on the MORE INFO screen of the carrier to noise test 3 6 e Connect the output of the external amplifier to the analyzer input or input of coupler Connect the cable TV signal to the input of the external amplifier Press Analyzer Input EXT AMP YES
229. t mode Channel measurement mode is used to perform channel by channel measurements That is you can execute a single measurement on a single channel System measurement mode is used to create test plans that allow you to execute selected or all measurements on a selected channel or range of channels After setting up these test plans system measurement mode is used to execute a test plan immediately or schedule the tests to be performed at a later tune Measurement results can be stored to a RAM card sent to the screen for viewing or dumped to a printer 3 The HP 85721A with supported analyzer is a TV receiver Option 107 required You can listen to the sound and see the picture simultaneously This allows you to quickly identify picture quality problems such as noise distortion hum and ingress Xi In This Guide Chapter 1 explains how to install the personality and access channel or system measurement mode Chapter 2 provides information about performing channel by channel cable TV measurements using the channel measurement mode Chapter 3 provides information about performing cable TV measurements by creating and executing a test plan using the system measurement mode In addition information about storing and recalling test plans and test data to and from a RAM card is provided Chapter 4 contains information about what to do if you have a problem Chapter 5 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functio
230. t of the 12 5T modulated pulse in the composite test signal Refer to Figure 8 14 15129112 MAR 86 1995 47 CHRNNEL BEN STO REF 26 46 m AT 10 dB TV OIF GAIN DIF PHASE LIN 0 98 8 00 Sth packet N DP START 183 888 MHz TOP 183 888 MHz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz 5 20 psec Figure 0 14 Chrominance to Luminance Delay 8 35 Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Differential Gain Differential Phase The composite test signal FCC NTC 7 is automatically selected The analyzer then tunes to the luminance component and switches to 0 Hz span Video averaging is performed and the center of the luminance component is found and converted to time Next the analyzer tunes to the chrominance component and performs video averaging The center of the chrominance component is found and converted to time The time difference between the two components is then computed Since the analyzer measures absolute time an offset of 170 ns is added to the result so that it will agree with tests done using a demodulator with sound trap in 170 ns of delay and the result will be shown relative to the FCC required pre correction See Table 8 2 Table 8 2 Comparison of CLDI Measurement Values Relative to FCC Required Pre Correction Absolute 8 36 Differential Gain Test Description Test Descriptions Color Test Descriptions Chroma Luma Delay Inequality Diff
231. tal displays Each point on the display is averaged independently and the average is computed based on the number of sweeps selected by the user The averaging algorithm applies a factor to the amplitude value of a given point on the current sweep 1 n where n is the number of the current sweep applies another factor to the previously stored average N 1 n and combines the two for a current average After the designated number of sweeps are completed the factors remain constant and the display becomes a running average video bandwidth The cut off frequency 3 dB point of an adjustable low pass filter in the video circuit When the video bandwidth is equal to or less than the resolution bandwidth the video circuit cannot fully respond to the more rapid fluctuations of the output of the envelope detector The result is a smoothing of the trace or a reduction in the peak to peak excursion of broadband signals such as noise and pulsed RF when viewed in broadband mode The degree of averaging or smoothing is a function of the ratio of the video bandwidth to the resolution bandwidth video filter A post detection low pass filter that determines the bandwidth of the video amplifier It is used to average or smooth a trace Refer also to video bandwidth visual carrier The visual carrier is the portion of a television signal that contains the picture A television signal contains both a visual and an aural carrier white level The l
232. tallation and operation and programming manuals These manuals describe analyzer preparation and verification and tell you what to do if something goes wrong Also they describe analyzer features and tell you how to make spectrum analyzer measurements Consult these manuals whenever you have a question about Standard analyzer use Firmware Requirements Your analyzer must have firmware that was released on September 23 1993 or later to use the HP 85721A personality To determine the firmware date for your analyzer e Turn on the analyzer e Read the firmware date that is displayed the firmware date is displayed on the analyzer s display When the analyzer is first turned on The date is displayed in a day month year format For example if rev 930923 is displayed the release date of the firmware was September 23 1993 If the release date for the analyzer s firmware was prior to September 23 1993 the firmware must be updated to use the HP 85721A personality Contact your HP sales office for more information about updating analyzer firmware xiv Contents 1 Getting Started What You ll Find in This Chapter Supported Spectrum Analyzer Requiremens Setup for Cable TV Measurements Step 1 Load the HP 85721A personality analyze memory Step 2 Perform the self calibration outings Step 3 Install a printer Step 4 Connect cables for non interfering measurements Step 5 Start channel
233. te Second Order CSO Test Description 17120101 NOV 23 1993 49 CHANNEL 5 MKR 54 888 MHz TD REF 5 dBnV AT 10 dB 33 83 dBmV XUSE KNOB 0 C BEAT ZENTER 56 768 MHz SPAN 6 000 MHZ WRES BW 38 kHz VBH 3 MHz WSHP 6 98 Figure 8 5 Determining the level of the Beat Product and Noise Level This test is performed on the channel specified using the SYS BTS TST CHML softkey in the Setup menu This applies to the system measurements mode The system CSO test measures the beat product at an offset from the test channel set by CSO FREQ OFFSET The default for CSO FREQ OFFSET Is 4 75 MHz This can be set to 7 25 when measuring higher channel numbers Figure 8 5 shows the analyzer measuring the level of the beat product and noise level for CSO beat products With this method of measuring CSO a preamplifier is not generally needed for accurate testing 1 Channel CTB 2 System CTB Composite Triple Beat CTB Test Description Two methods of measuring CTB are described here e channel CTB e system CTB The analyzer measures the total cable TV system power and adjusts its input attenuation for optimum performance refer to the graphs in Chapter 9 Distortion near noise corrections are used to more accurately measure distortion products less than 10 dB above the analyzer noise The CTB beat appears directly under the visual carrier Therefore turning the carrier off during the channel CSO CTB test is the only method
234. ten save the current test plan before recalling a test plan Press CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Recall TstPlan to access RECALL FRM CRD Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card in Chapter 3 6 27 See Also System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions RECALL FRM INT Description Allows you to recall a previously saved test plan from plans 1 through 5 from analyzer memory Recalling a test plan overwrites the current test plan If you do not want the current test plan to be overwritten save the current test plan before recalling a new one See Step 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory in Chapter 3 for more information The test plans are saved in trace registers 6 through 10 The channel numbers tests scrambling status channel tuning configuration quiet line number frequency response line number test signal line number and Eeld selection are saved in the test plan The location code the temperature the selection of CTB testing and the setting for an external pad EXT PAD YES NO are not stored with the test plan but are stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory and are retained until changed Before initiating testing with a recalled test plan you may want to do the following e Enter the location code e Enter the temperature reading e Change the setting of the external pad function in Setup menu Pressing CABLE TV ANALYZER SYS
235. tended for signal identification only Significant signal distortion and high frequency roll off does not affect the actual measurement 2 53 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 15 00 11 NOV 23 1993 7 CHANNEL 4 STD REF 40 9 dBmV AT 10 dB TV LIN MULTI BURST LINE NUMBER 26 NTC 7 CMBNTN SIN X X CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN O HZ RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 80 psec Figure 2 33 FCC Multi Burst Test Signal 5 RRNREND23 1993 STD REF 40 9 dBmV AT 10 dB TV LIN MULTI BURST NTC 7 CMBNTN SIN X X CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN O Hz RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 80 psec Figure 2 34 NTC 7 Combination Multi Burst Test Signal 2 54 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 01 46 N 3 1993 CHANNEL STO 40 9 dBmv 10 dB MULTI BURST LINE NUMBER 28 NTC 7 CMBNTN SIN X X N T CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN O HZ RES BW 300 kHz VBW 3 MHz SWP 80 psec Figure 2 35 Sine XIX Test Signal Abe 07 06 NOV 1993 CHANNEL 2345 0 MKR 70 965 MHz REF 40 9 dBmv AT 10 dB 19 77 dBmv s DANI MARKER LOG 10 dB MARKER 2 MgMT QFFSET 2 710900 MHz MAX HOLD ON OFF dB CENTER 69 000 MHz SPAN 6
236. test plan as described in Steps 3 or 4 of the Creating a Test Plan procedure You can delete a channel change the tests for a channel or change the scrambling status of a channel with ENTER BY CHANNEL Clearing the Current Test Plan 1 If Create TstPlan is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 2 Press Create TstPlan 3 Press CLEAR TST PLAN YES 4 Press Prev Menu to return to the main menu This procedure describes how you can clear the current test plan The current test plan is the test plan that is displayed when you press VIEW CH SEL and it is the test plan that is used when making a measurement 6 15 42 0 23 1993 Tune Config Location ae 7 938827 Temp 75 Selected gt 7 8 9 10 Channels 12 13 28 TS 25 26 27 28 29 38 31 32 33 34 35 86 37 38 39 40 Figure 3 16 View Current Test Plan Cataloging Analyzer Memory 1 Press or RECALL 2 Press INTERNAL CARD so that INTERNAL is underlined 3 Press Catalog Internal CATALOG REGISTER 4 Turn the large knob on the analyzer s front panel to scroll down the catalog entries displayed on the analyzer screen The test plans are saved in trace registers TR 6 through 10 5 If SYSTEM is still displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display you can press to return to the current cable TV measurement system menu You may need to catalog analyzer memory if you are unsure of how many test pla
237. test plan contains channels 7 through 13 and T channels is underlined in the channel tuning key in setup 4 If the channel that you have entered is a scrambled channel press YES If the channel is not scrambled press NO 5 Select the tests for the channel e If you want to delete all of the tests for the channel press CLEAR TESTS e If you want to select all the tests press ALL TESTS e If you want to specify which tests are to be performed use the data keys to enter the number of the test then press ENTER Repeat this step for all of the test numbers that you want to select e If you selected the carrier to noise and or CSO test enter the quiet line number and odd even or both fields when prompted Using both fields where possible speeds up the test System Measurements Creating a Test Plan e If you selected a video test differential gain differential phase and or chroma luma delay enter the line number of the test signal odd or even field and the desired test signal type when prompted e If you selected the in channel frequency response test enter the frequency response line number odd even or both fields and the desired test signal type when prompted 6 After you have selected the test or tests press DONE 7 If you want to enter another channel repeat steps 3 through 6 If you do not want to enter another channel press Prev Menu 8 If you want to view selected channels press VIEW CH SEL
238. the active function block Figure 5 7 shows the reference display line at the top of the signal and the display line delta at the bottom of the signal The measurement shown was performed in Analog display mode 5 12 18189119 DEC 13 REF 60 19 aV CENTER 77 298 MHZ YRES BW41 8MHz Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions 129 3 10 dB m m RAT FF G ON 0 ANNOTRTN ONOFF THRESHLD o N OFF Change Prefix ON OFF More 2 of 2 SPAN aVBW4M Hz SWP 20 0 msec RT Figure 5 7 Display Line Delta To increase the ability to view the DISPLAY LINE DELTA value when it is obscured by a video signal as in Figure 5 7 momentarily blank the active trace For example press Trace and then Blank A to view the value Then press Clear Write A to reactivate the trace When using the delta display line function if the active function control is transferred to some other function for example Amplitude or turned off with Hold the display line and delta display line must be set up again to reactivate the delta display line control Press MODE twice to return to the cable TV analyzer menu 5 13 Procedure Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions DO FRQ RESP TST Description The frequency response measurement compares a spectrum stored at a reference poi
239. the audio portion of a television channel A television channel usually contains both a visual and aural carrier An aural carrier is sometimes referred to as a sound carrier auxiliary interface An analyzer rear panel connector that provides control lines and power for external equipment The auxiliary interface contains control lines A and B The voltage levels of control lines A and B are changed by some of the HP 85721A s tests bandwidth selectivity This is a measure of the analyzer s ability to resolve signals unequal in amplitude It is the ratio of the 60 dB bandwidth to the 3 dB bandwidth for a given resolution filter IF Bandwidth selectivity tells us how steep the filter skirts are Bandwidth selectivity is sometimes called shape factor battery backed RAM Random access memory RAM data retained by a battery RAM memory cards can contain data that is maintained with a battery Refer also to nonvolatile memory baud rate A rate of transmission that is measured as signal events per time period The baud rate is equal to or greater than bits per second since one bit can consist of more than one signal event card reader See memory card carrier to noise ratio The ratio of the amplitude of the carrier to the noise power in the portion of the spectrum occupied by the carrier Also referred to as the C N ratio CATV Abbreviation for community antenna television or cable television system A cable television system is a bro
240. this procedure apply to an analyzer with an HP IB interface Option 021 only Skip to steps 3 and 4 if your analyzer has an RS 232 interface Option 043 Connect the analyzer to the printer using an HP IB cable Turn the printer on M Press CONFIG PRINT CONFIG PRINTER ADDRESS Enter address that your printer is sat to usually at 1 using the data keys than press ENTER See the printer s documentation for more information about the selection of the printer s address Than skip the following two steps and continua with the next step PRINT CONFIG Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements Steps 3 and 4 apply to an analyzer with an R 232 interface only Refer to the HP 8590 F Series Spectrum Analyzer Programmer s Guide Appendix C for more information about using the RS 232 interface 3 Connect the analyzer to the printer using an HP 13242G RS 232 cable Turn the printer on PLOTTERS ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE HP 85721A PERSONALITY 4 Press CONFIGS MORE 1 of 3 1 BAUD py215 entera baud rata with the data keys than press ENTER to set the baud rate of the analyzer The baud rate of the analyzer must match the baud rate of the printer CONFIG KEY NOTE If you are using an HP 22250 RS 232 Thinkjet printer refer to
241. tion 107 required The following procedure assumes that the GATING YES NO function in the Setup menu is set to NO For more information about GATING YES NO refer to Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 2 1 Select the required channel using the CHANNEL SELECT softkey The analyzer automatically tunes to the selected channel 2 After selecting the desired measurement press GATE ON OFF to underline ON 3 The analyzer automatically searches for a quiet line If the analyzer Ends a quiet line and if PAUSE YES NO in the Setup menu is set to NO the measurement is executed If the analyzer finds a quiet line and if PAUSE YES NO in the Setup menu is set to YES you must then press CONTINUE to execute the measurement 4 If a quiet line cannot be found automatically perform the following steps a Press LINE SEARCH to perform an auto search or press SELECT LINE enter a line number using the data keys then press ENTER b Press FLD BOTH EVEN ODD if you want to change the Eeld C Press CONTINUE to complete the measurement and display the test result on the screen Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions 5 Press the AVERAGE ON OFF softkey to perform a trace averaging function to smooth the trace 6 In the carrier to noise measurement press INTGRTN RNG SET to position the two markers within the desired measurement range Rather than using a
242. tions Softkey Descriptions System Beats Description The System Beats softkey is used to specify the channel you wish to use for testing beats The default channel is 4 The default measurement frequency for CTB is 6 MHz above the visual carrier the default measurement frequency for CSO is 4 75 MHz above the visual carrier These values can be changed using CTB FREQ OFFSET and CSO FREQ OFFSET These settings are stored in nonvolatile analyzer memory This means that the analyzer retains the selections even when power is turned off until a new selection is made Press CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup to access System Beats Descriptions for above mentioned softkeys in this chapter Step 1 Configure the test system in Chapter 3 See Also TV Receiver Setup and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey Descriptions Softkey Descriptions T Description Allows you to select the T channel tuning configuration As an alternative to making this selection enter T channel numbers 7 to 13 as negative numbers when any of the 4 other configurations are selected If you do not select a channel tuning conEguration the default configuration is the standard STD configuration The choices for the channel tuning configuration are standard STD off the air AIR incrementally related carriers IRC harmonically related carriers HRC and T upstream format The channel tuning configuration selection is selected independently of the test plan
243. tly See Step 4 Install a printer in Chapter 1 for more information 3 For Option 021 only If you have both a computer and a printer connected to the analyzer you need do one of the following e Disconnect the computer from the analyzer e Send the BASIC commands ABORT 7 then send LOCAL 7 to the analyzer before trying to print 4 10 If You Have a Problem Error Messages RAM CARD REQUIRED This message indicates that you have instructed the HP 85721A personality to write information to a ROM card A ROM card can only be read a RAM card can both be read and written to To solve this problem e Remove the ROM card from the analyzer s memory card reader and insert a formatted RAM card If the RAM card needs to be formatted see Formatting a RAM Card in Chapter 3 RAM CARD IS NOT FORMATTED FORMAT RAM CARD AND TRY AGAIN This message indicates that the RAM card is unformatted To solve this problem e Format the RAM card as described in Formatting a RAM Card in Chapter 3 VIDEO SYNC NOT RECOGNIZED This message indicates that a TV line with horizontal sync could not be found To solve this problem e Connect coupler as shown in Figure 3 4 in Chapter 3 e Turn off channel scrambling 4 11 Other Problems This section lists problems that are not indicated by an error message If a test fails in SYSTEM MEAS mode If a test fails in the SYSTEM MEAS mode confirm the failure using CHANNEL
244. to RESTART AVERAGING for the gated test because it is done with a wide video bandwidth and testing without averaging is not meaningful The non gated test is done in a narrow video bandwidth 4 Move the marker to the next beat by pressing NEXT BEAT Using the front panel knob will also allow measuring beats other than at standard CSOICTB offsets Press ZOOM MEASURE to zoom in on the current marker position and measure the beat in a zero span sweep The results of the measurement are displayed at the bottom of the analyzer display 9 Press More 6 Press ATTEN STEP DN or ATTEN STEP UP to switch the attenuator to check for analyzer generated beats when not using a bandpass filter Switch the attenuator up and down to check for changes in the beat level If the beat level does not change then the beat is not generated in the analyzer If the beat level changes with attenuator changes then raise the attenuator setting until the beat level no longer changes The displayed noise may prevent accurate measurement results Note that the personality automatically sets the attenuator to prevent analyzer generated beats upon entering the test 2 27 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements 7 Remove the carrier or press CTB STEP UP or CTB STEP DN to measure CTB above or below the carrier if an open space exists Each time CTB STEP UP is pressed the marker is automatically positioned at the next CTB above the carrier 6 MH
245. tual beat level on the signal being measured To assist you in adjusting the input level the MORE INFO screen has several messages instructing you to raise or lower the input level and try the test again In addition when conditions warrant it other message prompts suggesting preselection or other actions can appear on this screen These messages only occur when the analyzer signal near noise correction is correcting more than 3 dB The messages are as follows Raise Input Levelxto y dB This message appears when there is a need to raise the cable noise level and more input power can be tolerated without overload or Reduce Input Levelxtoy dB This message may appear as an alternative to raising the input level It appears when it may be possible to reduce the input power a small amount but just enough to cause the analyzer to switch its internal 10 dB attenuator down by lstep This has the effect of raising the input level by 10 dB less the number of dB the input level was reduced by Try this when raising the level is inconvenient or impossible for some reason Alternatively when this message appears it signals that it may be possible to not change the level at all but to re run the test and reduce the attenuator manually using the ATTEN keys on the 2nd C N menu Preselect Input Signal This message appears when there is no longer any headroom to raise the level before overload occurs but there is still need to raise
246. tunable bandpass filter first peak the filter using CARRIER LVL amp FRQ Then press CARRIER NOISE Place the marker to measure the carrier to noise close enough to the carrier to minimize any roll off effect of the bandpass filter Pressing 60 TO CSO CTB allows you to measure the CSOKTH without having to turn the modulation back on then off again for analyzers without Option 1071 or to reselect a quiet line for analyzers with Option 107 Carrier to Noise Measurement Accuracy is degraded as the Cable TV system noise approaches the analyzer noise This is reflected in the magnitude of the Analyzer Noise Correction Value When in the carrier to noise measurement press More then MORE INFO Note the analyzer noise correction value if less than 0 5 dB then C N accuracy E1dB if equal to 0 5 dB then C N accuracy 1 25 dB if equal to 3 dB then C N accuracy 2 dB if equal to 7 dB then C N accuracy 3 5 dB if greater than 7 dB it is out of measurement range The analyzer input attenuator sets the noise floor of the analyzer The attenuator is set to not overload the first mixer For carrier to noise the attenuator switch point from 0 to 10 dB is at 37 dBmV total power at the input 2 20 Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements Optimizing the Dynamic Range Limiting the number of carriers input to the analyzer allows the measurement routine to select a lower attenuator value Hence a lower noise floor
247. udes the following steps 1 Select an individual channel 2 Select a range of channels 3 Save the current test plan in internal memory 4 Save the current test plan to a RAM card The Create Tstplan softkey is used to access the functions necessary to create a test plan CLEAR TST PLAN clears the currently loaded test plan If You Make a Mistake If you make a mistake when entering a number with the data keys you can use the back space key to correct the mistake The back space key SP is on the lower right corner of the spectrum analyzer s front panel next to the ENTER key It is very important to survey your system before creating a test plan You must be familiar with the location of quiet lines test signals available on a given channel test signal location line number and appropriate field To facilitate this survey use the chart provided in Chapter 9 Use the channel measurements mode to survey each channel then record the information in the chart 3 22 System Measurements Creating a Test Plan Step 1 Select an individual channel 1 If ENTER BY CHANNEL is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS More 1 of 2 Create TstPlan 2 Press ENTER BY CHANNEL 3 Use the data keys to enter the channel number then press ENTER NOTE Valid channel numbers are 0 through 999 Valid standard channels with Option 107 are 2 through 134 T upstream channels are supported when the
248. uency Response Test Description 8 45 View Ingress Test Description 2 2 8 46 View Co Channel Test Description 8 47 9 Specifications and Test Aids What You ll Find in This Chapter 7 9 2 Cable TV Measurement Specifications Charast nstics 9 3 C N CSO and CTB Measurements 9 6 System Frequency Response flatness 9 8 Video Measurements 9 9 Channel Identification Plans 9 10 Channel Survey Map 9 23 Contents 6 Glossary Index Contents 7 Figures 2 1 Channel Tuning Menu 02 2 2 Analyzer Input ConEguration Menu 2 2 3 Tests ConEguration Menu 020 2 4 Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector 2 5 Connections for HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 2 6 Carrier Level Measurement 0 2 7 Carrier Frequency Measurement 100 Hz Resolution 2 8 10 Hz Resolution ae 2 9 Carrier to Noise Modulation and dating Off 2 10 See MORE INFO Screen 2 11 Example of a Quiet Line 2 12 Carrier to Noise Modulation and Gating On 2 13 Carrier to Noise More Information 2 2 2 14 FCC Composite Test Signal 2 15 NTC 7 Composite Test Signal 2 16 Chrominance to Luminance More Information 2 17 CSO Measurement 0
249. ults 6 36 visual carrier 5 10 visual carrier frequency test 8 5 visual carrier level test 8 3 VITS 3 3 VITS TEST key 2 51 voltage excessive input 2 5 volume 5 19 Index 20 W warmup time 1 8 warning the warning symbol viii warranty vi waveform analyzer depth mod 2 33 white noise 2 31 WINDOWS 3 19 WINDOWS keys 2 63 wrong date or time is displayed 4 15 Y YES description 6 37 Index 2 1
250. um Input Range Maximum CSO CTB Range Manual CSOKTB Resolution System CSOKTB Resolution CSO CTB Accuracy A preamplifier end preselector Specifications and Test Aids Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics istortions are omentary disab used If the a easurement ca ee Graphs anual composite second order CSO end composite triple beet easured relative to the visual carrier peak and require ling of the carrier Automatic measurements are made in the channel above the channel selected and assumes that it is alyzer has Option 107 a non interfering CSO be made put level dependent See Graphst 66 to 73 dBove 0 1 dB 1 dB Input level end f15 dBto f4 0 filler may be required to achieve specifications optimum input range easured CSOKTB dependent See graphs dB over optimum input range T Optimum input range is determined et the time of measurement since a total input powe attenuator measurement is first done to automatically set the C N CSO and CTB Measurements The following graphs summarize the HP 85721A personality characteristics for C N CSO and CTB testing on cable TV systems with up to 77 channels and no amplitude tilt C N CSO and CTB measurement accuracies and ranges can be read from the relevant graphs They depend upon the visual carrier peak level and the measurement reading and the total power input to the analyzer See Chapter 8 for test
251. und press any of the following WINDOWS GN RUX CTRL MODE or any softkey 10 To exit this mode press Prev Menu NOTE Option 107 is required to access the TV receiver mode Connections must be made to TV IN as shown in Figure 3 4 Making Timed System Measurements This procedure describes how to make tests at a later time Tests at a later time can also be repeated NOTE Ensure that the analyzer s clock is set to the correct time and date 9e If Timed Measure is not displayed press MODE CABLE TV ANALYZER SYSTEM MEAS Press Timed Measure Press START TIME Enter the date that you want testing to begin To enter the date use the data keys to enter the date in a year month day format then press ENTER Or press TODAY S DATE if you want to use the current date as the start date Enter the time that you want testing to begin To enter the time use the data keys to enter the date in a 24 hour hour minute format then press ENTER Or press TODAY S TIMEDATE if you want to use the current date and time as the start date and time Press STOP TIME Enter the date that you want testing to end Enter the date in year month day format using the data keys then press ENTER Or press TODAY S DATE if you want to use the current date as the end date Enter the time in 24 hour hour minute format you want the testing to end using the data keys then press ENTER
252. urrent marker position and measure the beat in a zero span sweep 3 Perform the following steps if your analyzer has Option 107 installed and you want to perform a gated non interfering measurement CSO only with modulation turned on Note that you will only have gotten to this point if GATING is set to NO 2 26 a Press GATE ON OFF in the CSO CTB menu to perform a gated non interfering measurement The analyzer will search for a quiet line and depending on the setting of PAUSE it will either pause or automatically continue if it finds a quiet line If it does not find a quiet line it will display VIDEO SYNC NOT RECOGNIZED At this point you can remedy the reason or if a quiet line was not found because of noise you can press LINE SEARCH to reinitiate a quiet line search Another possible reason for failure to find a quiet line is that the input coupler is not in place with its coupled leg connected to TV IN Entering line numbers and the key FLD BOTH EVEN ODD can be used to manually search the vertical interval for a quiet line Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements NOTE Nanmviniterferimp carrier to beats cannot be mexsured without a quiet line d Press CONTINUE to complete the measurement and display the test result on the screen e The default marker position is at the 1 25 MHz CSO beat The marker can be moved using the knob or the NEXT BEATS key f The AVERAGE ON OFF key changes
253. wards white level As defined by the FCC the greatest phase difference in degrees between each segment of the chrominance signal and the reference signal display dynamic range The maximum dynamic range over which both the larger and smaller signal can be viewed simultaneously on the display For analyzers with a maximum logarithmic display of 10 dB division the actual dynamic range may be greater than the display dynamic range Refer also to dynamic range display fidelity The measurement uncertainty of relative differences in amplitude on an analyzer On purely analog analyzers those analyzers that display trace Glossary 5 information immediately and do not store then recall the data to the screen these differences are displayed on the screen and the graticule is used to evaluate the measurement Many analyzers with digital displays refer to digital display have markers that can be used to measure the signal As a result measurement differences are stored in memory and the ambiguity of the display is eliminated from the measurement DLP The abbreviation for downloadable program A single programming command or a sequence of programming commands used to perform specific operations DLPs can be made up of several functions variables and traces defined by the program creator The DLP can be downloaded from one electronic storage medium into another and executed without a controller dynamic range The power ratio dB betwe
254. y into analyzer memory Plug the analyzer into an ac power supply Press LINE If CABLE TV ANALYZER and TV RECEIVER are displayed skip to Step 2 Perform the self calibration routines locate the arrow printed on the card label Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements 4 Insert the card into the analyzer with the card s arrow matching the raised arrow on the bezel around the card insertion slot Press CONFIG MORE 1 of 3 Dispose User Mem ERASE DLP MEM ERASE DLP MEM Press PRESET RECALL KEY INTERNAL CARD 1 6 Getting Started Setup for Cable TV Measurements ayed dLOADME and FILE When loading is Press the following softkeys to load the HP 85721A personality Catalog Card files are disp dCODE Using the step keys make sure the fle ALOADME is highlighted the press LOAD complete press MODE CODE LOADER Follow the on screen instructions to complete the loading process If upgrading first erase the DLP memory See the section Deleting the Personality located in this chapter e REF 48 8 dBm AT 10 dB 17 15 17 52 18 JAN 31 1995 32 435 07 19 35 FEE 88 1995 DELETE Previous Menu SPAN 1 888 GHz CENTER yuu MHz VBH1M Hz SWP 36 0 msec RES BW 3 0 MHz
255. z increments Each time CTB STEP DN is pressed the marker is automatically positioned at the next CTB below the carrier 6 MHz increments See Figure 2 18 8 Pressing MORE INFO displays the carrier to beat calculation Pressing RE ENTER TEST restarts the test from the beginning Pressing TTL PWR INPUT calculates the total input power making input level adjustments more convenient Pressing MAIN MENU exits the test 9 Press Prev Menu 10 If you want to store the results to a RAM card insert a formatted RAM card into the analyzer s card insertion slot press SAVE display gt card then press to return to channel measurement mode Refer to Chapter 3 for the procedure on formatting a RAM card 11 If you want to print the results press COPY 12 Press MAIN MENU The message CHANNEL TURNED ON will be displayed Be sure the channel s modulation is turned back on then press MAIN MENU again Hints When using a tunable bandpass filter first peak the filter using CARRIER LVL amp FRQ Then press CSO CTB Make sure the filter bandwidth is sufficient that the 125 MHz beats are not rolled off 17 20 01 NOV 23 4 CHANNEL REF 5 AT 10 dB CENTER 55 768 MHz RES BM 38 kHz amp VBM 3 MHz Y 17 21 13 NOV 23 1993 CHANNEL STD REF 5 du ME 10 dB 50 768 MHZ RE S BW 36 kHz 3 MHz Channel Measurements Making Channel Measurements MKR 54 888 MHz 33 83 dBmV SPAN 6 008 MHz SWP

HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Cable TV Measurements User's Guide

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