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MPLAB ICE 4000 In-Circuit Emulator User's Guide

1. n A A DS51490A page 70 O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Program Memory appears correct but the file registers and program execution do not appear to work correctly You may have a problem with clock or power setup Make sure that the processor clock is set to a valid speed Select Debugger gt Settings Clock tab Make sure the frequency is within the correct range for the emulated device at the current operating voltage Verify that the correct power source is selected by selecting Debugger gt Settings Power tab Make sure the processor power option is correct If using a target board for a power source verify that the target board power has been applied Program keeps resetting Check the configuration bits settings Configure2 Configuration Bits for your selected device Some reset functions such as Watchdog Timer Reset are enabled by default On reset an error message appears saying that there was an error resetting the processor and to check power If you are doing low voltage emulation this message is the point after doing a System Reset where the target board should be connected and voltage applied However MPLAB IDE and MPLAB ICE 4000 do not always synchronize on the first try In most cases clicking Yes to retry will work and initialization will continue If it doesn t work after two or three times click
2. Logic Inputs VIH 3 2V min VIL 1 8V max Logic Outputs VOH 2 4V min VOL 7 0 4V max TRGIN Minimum input pulse width 15 nsec TRGOUT The output pulse width of the filter trace is one bus cycle which is 74 the clock speed PICmicro MCU devices use four clocks for each instruction DS51490A page 76 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Glossary Absolute Section A section with a fixed absolute address that cannot be changed by the linker Access Memory PIC18 Only Special registers on PIC18XXXXX devices that allow access regardless of the setting of the bank select register BSR Address Value that identifies a location in memory Alphabetic Character Alphabetic characters are those characters that are letters of the arabic alphabet a b Z A B Z Alphanumeric Alphanumeric characters are comprised of alphabetic characters and decimal digits 0 1 9 ANSI American National Standards Institute is an organization responsible for formulating and approving standards in the United States Application A set of software and hardware that may be controlled by a PICmicro microcontroller Archive A collection of relocatable object modules It is created by assembling multiple source files to object files and then using the archiver to combine the object files into one library file A library can be linked with object modules and other libra
3. MICROCHIP MPLAB ICE 4000 IN CIRCUIT EMULATOR USER S GUIDE 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature All of these methods to our knowledge require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip s Data Sheets Most likely the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as unbreakable Code protection is constantly evolving We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products Attempts to break Microchip s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work you may have a right to sue for
4. MPLAB C1X Refers to both the MPLAB C17 and MPLAB C18 C compilers from Microchip MPLAB C17 is the C compiler for PIC17CXXX devices and MPLAB C18 is the C compiler for PIC18CXXX and PIC18FXXXX devices MPLAB C30 Microchip s C compiler for dsPIC30F digital signal controller devices MPLAB ICD 2 Microchip s in circuit debugger for PIC16F87X PIC18FXXX and dsPIC30FXXXX devices The ICD works with MPLAB IDE The main component of each ICD is the module A complete system consists of a module header demo board cables and MPLAB IDE Software MPLAB ICE 2000 Microchip s in circuit emulator for PICmicro MCU s that works with MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICE 4000 Microchip s in circuit emulator for dsPIC DSC s that works with MPLAB IDE MPLAB IDE Microchip s Integrated Development Environment MPLAB LIB30 MPLAB LIB30 archiver librarian is an object librarian for use with COFF object modules created using either MPLAB ASM30 or MPLAB C30 C compiler MPLAB LINK30 MPLAB LINK30 is an object linker for the Microchip MPLAB ASM30 assembler and the Microchip MPLAB C30 C compiler MPLAB SIM Microchip s simulator that works with MPLAB IDE in support of PICmicro MCU devices MPLAB SIM30 Microchip s simulator that works with MPLAB IDE in support of dsPIC DSC devices MPLIB Object Librarian MPLIB librarian is an object librarian for use with COFF object modules created using either MPASM assembler mpasm or mpasmwin v2 0 or MPLAB C1X C compilers
5. Refresh Reload the contents of the viewable portion of the window from the emulator Properties Set up window properties such as columns fonts and colors 7 4 3 Customizing the Trace Memory Window The column widths can be adjusted manually by dragging the right column header border with the mouse In addition right clicking on a column header pops up a list which allows you to select which columns are visible in the window To further customize the trace display open the Trace properties dialog Right click in the trace window and select Properties Right click on a trace window header and select More The Column Settings tab allows you to set which window columns are visible and in what order they will appear in the window The General tab allows you to set the font and colors used in the window _ See Saas 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 55 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 7 4 4 Reading the Trace Memory Window Reading the information in the trace memory window requires knowledge of device architecture PICmicro MCU instructions fetch one instruction cycle while decoding and executing the previous cycle i e there is a one cycle pipeline In the example below 1 Atline 2 the W register address Oxfe8 is cleared 2 Thenextcycle the value gets written into the W register i e the W register value of OxFF is
6. An application contains a delay loop How long is the delay For this problem a Time Between Events trigger is very useful Suppose the delay routine is called Delay For debugging purposes a label EndDelay has been added at the address of the delay routine s return statement Set the Start Timer tab to a program memory fetch of address Delay and the Stop Timer tab to a program memory fetch of address EndDelay Check the Ignore FNOP Cycles box and leave both halt check boxes unchecked Apply the trigger open the trace memory window then run After EndDelay is reached the trace memory window will fill and the largest time stamp value will be the time between the two events Time Between Events Example SPECIFYING THE EVENT THAT WILL START THE TIMER E 21x FIGURE 6 12 MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event1 Event2 Start Timer ste EI r Trigger Type 7 7 C Sequential kt J perd EAE C AllEvents Program etch C Any Event TL Data C Table Read C Filter Trace C Table Write e EES Events mum Di R Trigger Position Position End y Dpcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binay Hex o r Probes p Halt Logic Probes On Trigger a On Cycles After Trigger On Trace Buffer Full Rass our 1 Clear Event Load Event Save Event IV Ignore FNOP Cy
7. Online Discussion Groups Conferences for products Development Systems technical information and more Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing Links to other useful web sites related to Microchip products Product Design Support Design Tips Device Errata Other available information Latest Microchip Press Releases Listing of seminars and events Job Postings Investor Information DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip started the customer notification service to help our customers keep current on Microchip products with the least amount of effort Once you subscribe you will receive email notification whenever we change update revise or have errata related to your specified product family or development tool of interest Go to the Microchip web page www microchip com and click on Customer Change Notification under Support Follow the instructions to register The Development Systems product group categories are Compilers The latest information on Microchip C compilers and other language tools These include the MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C compilers MPASM and MPLAB ASM30 assemblers MPLINK and MPLAB LINK30 object linkers and MPLIB and MPLAB LIB30 object librarians Emulators The latest information on Microchip in circuit emulators This includes the MPLAB ICE 2000 and MPLAB ICE 4000 In Circuit Debuggers The latest information on the Microchip in circuit debug
8. A function or variable has external linkage if it can be referenced from outside the module in which it is defined External Symbol A symbol for an identifier which has external linkage This may be a reference or a definition External Symbol Resolution A process performed by the linker in which external symbol definitions from all input modules are collected in an attempt to resolve all external symbol references Any external symbol references which do not have a corresponding definition cause a linker error to be reported External Input Line An external input signal logic probe line TRIGIN for setting an event based upon external signals External RAM Off chip Read Write memory 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 79 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide File Registers On chip data memory including general purpose registers GPRs and special function registers SFRs Flash A type of EEPROM where data is written or erased in blocks instead of bytes FNOP Forced No Operation A forced NOP cycle is the second cycle of a two cycle instruction Since the PlCmicro microcontroller architecture is pipelined it prefetches the next instruction in the physical address space while it is executing the current instruction However if the current instruction changes the program counter this prefetched instruction is explicitly ignored causing a forced NOP cycle GPR General Purpose Register The portion of
9. China Shanghai Room 701 Bldg B Far East International Plaza No 317 Xian Xia Road Shanghai 200051 Tel 86 21 6275 5700 Fax 86 21 6275 5060 China Shenzhen Rm 1812 18 F Building A United Plaza No 5022 Binhe Road Futian District Shenzhen 518033 China Tel 86 755 82901380 Fax 86 755 8295 1393 China Shunde Room 401 Hongjian Building No 2 Fengxiangnan Road Ronggui Town Shunde District Foshan City Guangdong 528303 China Tel 86 757 28395507 Fax 86 757 28395571 China Qingdao Rm B505A Fullhope Plaza No 12 Hong Kong Central Rd Qingdao 266071 China Tel 86 532 5027355 Fax 86 532 5027205 India Divyasree Chambers 1 Floor Wing A A3 A4 No 11 O Shaugnessey Road Bangalore 560 025 India Tel 91 80 22290061 Fax 91 80 22290062 Japan Yusen Shin Yokohama Building 10F 3 17 2 Shin Yokohama Kohoku ku Yokohama Kanagawa 222 0033 Japan Tel 81 45 471 6166 Fax 81 45 471 6122 Korea 168 1 Youngbo Bldg 3 Floor Samsung Dong Kangnam Ku Seoul Korea 135 882 Tel 82 2 554 7200 Fax 82 2 558 5932 or 82 2 558 5934 Singapore 200 Middle Road 307 02 Prime Centre Singapore 188980 Tel 65 6334 8870 Fax 65 6334 8850 Taiwan Kaohsiung Branch 30F 1 No 8 Min Chuan 2nd Road Kaohsiung 806 Taiwan Tel 886 7 536 4816 Fax 886 7 536 4817 Taiwan Taiwan Branch 11F 3 No 207 Tung Hua North Road Taipei 105 Taiwan Tel 886 2 2717 7175 Fax 886 2 2545 0139 Taiwan Taiwa
10. FIGURE 7 1 MPLAB ICE 4000 ANALYZER CODE COVERAGE TAB Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage m Operation Tracking C Enabled Reset on Run Z Froga C Enabled Manual Reset F Pro Disabled JE iTe F Ta es Ur EEA Table Reads o Code Coverage Report Preview Generate And Save To File To File Browse Append to File Cancel Apply Help 7 3 1 Enabling Disabling Code Coverage If Enabled Reset on Run is selected code coverage is reset every time emulation is started If Enabled Manual Reset is selected code coverage is reset only when Reset Now is clicked When a reset has occurred and emulation has run and then halted all accessed program memory locations appear checkmarked in the Program Memory window They will remain checkmarked until the next reset Single stepping does not affect code coverage To disable code coverage select Debugger Complex Triggers and Code Coverage Code Coverage tab and click on Disabled 7 3 2 Tracking Code Determine the type of code that is covered by using the check boxes in the Tracking section of the dialog Program Execution include program code that has executed Program Prefetches include program code that has been prefetched Table Reads Only include only table reads not writes Table Writes Only include only table writes not reads Table Reads or Writes include both table reads and writes
11. MPLINK Object Linker MPLINK linker is an object linker for the Microchip MPASM assembler and the Microchip MPLAB C17 or C18 C compilers MPLINK linker also may be used with the Microchip MPLIB librarian MPLINK linker is designed to be used with MPLAB IDE though it does not have to be MRU Most Recently Used Refers to files and windows available to be selected from MPLAB IDE main pull down menus Nesting Depth The maximum level to which macros can include other macros Node MPLAB IDE project component Non Real Time Refers to the processor at a breakpoint or executing single step instructions or MPLAB IDE being run in simulator mode 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 83 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Non Volatile Storage A storage device whose contents are preserved when its power is off NOP No Operation An instruction that has no effect when executed except to advance the program counter Object Code The machine code generated by an assembler or compiler Object File A file containing machine code and possibly debug information It may be immediately executable or it may be relocatable requiring linking with other object files e g libraries to produce a complete executable program Object File Directives Directives that are used only when creating an object file Off Chip Memory Off chip memory refers to the memory selection option for the PIC17CXXX or PIC18CXXX device where memory may
12. 3 5 SELECTING PROCESSOR POWER MPLAB ICE 4000 allows the emulator processor chip to be powered by the emulator pod 5V or the target system 2 5V to 5V The emulator defaults to Processor Power from Emulator system power when first initialized For information on processor module power issues please refer to the MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification FIGURE 3 1 SETTINGS DIALOG POWER TAB Processor Power From Emulator C From Target Board 3 5 1 Processor Power from Emulator System Power Select the Power tab of the Debugger Settings dialog Under Processor Power select From Emulator and click Apply Note The emulator system cannot provide power to a target board through a device adapter If the device adapter is plugged into an unpowered target board it is not unusual to see a voltage level of 1 3V at Vcc of the target board caused by leakage current through Vcc of the device adapter MPLAB IDE may also have difficulty initializing the emulator when power has not yet been applied to the target board 3 5 2 Processor Power from Target Board Select the Power tab of the Debugger Settings dialog Under Processor Power select From Target Board and click Apply Refer to the MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification for processor module power requirements before configuring the system for target system power Note If you use power fro
13. Bits window by selecting Configure Configuration Bits In the Category column find Processor mode and select the mode Note Configuration bits may also be set in code using con ig Refer to the device data sheet and header file inc or h for more information 5 4 2 Setting External Memory To set up MPLAB IDE and MPLAB ICE 4000 to use external memory select Configure gt External Memory Then check Use External Memory and enter a range 5 4 3 Setting Memory Options To set up memory options open the Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings and select the Memory tab Section 8 17 Settings Dialog Memory Tab The Processor mode currently selected in the configuration bits will be reflected under Mode If the mode selected supports external memory functions on this tab will be active When emulating a Program Memory mode that makes use of external memory two choices are available External Program Memory Supplied by Emulator Use emulator memory for both on chip and off chip external memory during development This has the advantage of speeding up program load time after a build It has the disadvantage of not actually using the target external memory External Program Memory On Target Board Use the emulator as a device would be used with the emulator memory representing only on chip memory This has the advantage of testing the application as it will actually be run with external memory It has th
14. DS51490A page 52 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads 7 3 3 Creating a Code Coverage Report Code coverage information may be saved into a file using the controls in the Code Coverage Report section of the dialog tab 1 Preview the code coverage information by clicking Preview to determine if it is what you want to save 2 Specify a file to save the information to under To File Fora new file type in the file name and path or browse to a file location When you have reached the location at which you want the new file type in the file name and click Save Foran existing file type in the file name and path or browse to a file and location To append this data to old data in the file instead of overwriting it check the Append to File check box 3 Click Generate and Save to File 7 4 TRACE MEMORY The trace memory window in MPLAB ICE 4000 contains information that is uploaded from MPLAB ICE 4000 s trace buffer The trace buffer consists of memory hardware that can log the electrical state of the various device data address and control signals at an instruction cycle in real time as the device executes instructions By default all instruction cycles are captured by the trace buffer The Complex Trigger tab can be used to control which instruction cycles are captured Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers In MPLAB ICE 4000 the trace buffer captures data on a 216 bit
15. Installation 2 1 INTRODUCTION An overview of the MPLAB ICE 4000 system components is given as well as an expla nation of how to install the system hardware and software 2 2 HIGHLIGHTS This chapter contains MPLAB ICE 4000 System Components Driver and Software Installation Hardware Setup Applying Power to the System Components Applying Power to the System Components Low Voltage Emulation Software Setup Removing Power From the System Components 2 3 MPLAB ICE 4000 SYSTEM COMPONENTS The MPLAB ICE 4000 system consists of these items Figure 2 1 Emulator pod Host to pod USB cable to connect a host PC to the emulator pod Power supply cable Processor module Flex circuit cable to connect the processor module to the device adapter Device adapter Transition socket to connect the device adapter to the target system Logic probe connector FIGURE 2 1 MPLAB ICE 4000 EMULATOR SYSTEM Host to Pod Processor Module Pd Flex Circuit Cable v Power Switch Device Adapter on back Wa Transition Socket Logic Probe AR Connector H Ke Indicator Lights Emulator Pod 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 9 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 2 4 The emulator pod connects to the PC through a USB port using the provided cable The pod contains the hardware necessary to perform the common emulator functions such as trace break and emulate The processor m
16. MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 8 Emulator Function Summary 8 1 INTRODUCTION When you select MPLAB ICE 4000 from the Debugger menu emulator functions will be added to MPLAB IDE The functions made available are summarized here 8 2 HIGHLIGHTS MPLAB ICE 4000 functions are added to MPLAB IDE as follows Menus Debugger Menu View Menu Right Mouse Button Menu Desktop Toolbars Status Bar Additional Commands Dialog Additional Commands Dialog Data Fill Tab Additional Commands Dialog Force Opcode Tab Settings Dialog Standard Tabs Settings Dialog Port Tab Settings Dialog Info Tab Settings Dialog Limitations Tab Settings Dialog View Tab Settings Dialog Device Dependant Tabs Settings Dialog Clock Tab Settings Dialog Power Tab Settings Dialog Break Options Tab Settings Dialog Memory Tab Settings Dialog Pins Pins and Usage Tab Settings Dialog Peripheral Tab Other Dialogs Windows Other Dialogs Windows 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 57 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 3 DEBUGGER MENU The following items are added to the Debugger menu e e e e e Run Take the processor out of the halt state and put the processor into execution until a breakpoint is encountered or until Halt is pressed Execution starts at the current program counter as displayed in the status bar The current program c
17. O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 89 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Internal Power see Power From Emulator Internal Triggers ccceccesseceeeeteeeeeeeeeeteesteeeeeess 48 Internet Address 3 K Kit Components reene 8 L Label ied e LED Sixes AWA eue inre Better Mnt Logic Probes Connector I O Electrical Specifications PInIoUE cdta ba HE T Loop Execution re 47 Low Voltage Emulation ssossneneeeeeeeeneeeeneeneeeee 12 17 M MOLER zu te ee hee ee iux ce 19 MEMCON Register 28 Muere 18 33 D ta cc euidenter 41 43 47 External aa 27 66 Modes nd eere ee 15 18 27 PEOgI Am uie e e pt era 43 Memory Mapped Peripheral Range 29 66 Memory Tab 18 Microchip Internet Web Site nesossneneeesneeeesereneeeee 3 Microcontroller Mode 27 Microprocessor Mode 15 27 Modes Memonm 15 18 27 MPLAB ICE 4000 se 7 MPLAB IDE cuida ie a 7 Multiple Events 41 N NOP Forced 34 35 41 44 45 46 47 O ODpCOde 4 1 2 cte D Deren e dee zen De e 54 P Parall l RONE einem 74 Pass Counter Kai 35 40 Periphetal Tab meti cred oet 19 PIC18C601 801 CSEL AAA 30 PIC18F8XXX External Memory 27 Pins aa situe ta i eti aine Decret 19 Pod iata e Ep dre e 8 9 Electrical Specification 73 POW iiss M 76 From Emulator in 16 From Target Board 16 On Off
18. PIC18C601 801 CHIP SELECT SETUP For PIC18C601 801 devices you should specify values for the CSEL2 and CSELIO registers See the device data sheet for more on these registers DS51490A page 30 2004 Microchip Technology Inc External Memory Usage 5 5 MPLAB IDE AND EXTERNAL MEMORY Using External Memory modes with MPLAB ICE 4000 will impact the following features of MPLAB IDE 5 5 1 Viewing Program Memory To view the program memory select View gt Program Memory The data for emulator program memory is always displayed The data for external target board memory will be displayed as long as Use External Memory has been specified in the External Memory dialog Configure2 External Memory To refresh the external memory display select Debugger gt Upload Program Memory from ICE after you run single step or trace If uploading takes too long you may wish to change the amount of external memory used in the External Memory dialog 5 5 2 Stepping Through Code If your external Flash memory contains code that is written in a high level language such as C you cannot step through this code using the File Editor window You must use the Program Memory window 5 5 3 Setting Breakpoints Software breakpoints may be set for emulator memory or external RAM memory Hardware breakpoints set using the complex trigger may be used for either emulator or any type of external memory 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A
19. See Watchdog Timer WEE R HU DS51490A page 88 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP MPLAB ICE 4000 USER S GUIDE Index Numerics E 16 Bit Mode UU ea EA 28 30 66 Emulation Starting and Stopping 21 A Emulator Stand Ae 8 E VOIE AAA 33 35 Addressing dete cedet WAUA TAMU ONA 54 Event Tabs terre itis taret retenir shart 37 rela D 35 Examples Complex Triggering e 44 Range aidan vetoes 36 Extended Microcontroller Mode 15 27 All Events ccc herede 38 External ANY EVED U scieti eet oo tete E ta 39 geet IRE RR APRIRE tenet ds 54 B Power see Power From Target Board Boot Block Mode 27 Signal E ho canes tte AWA ALI 33 i Trigger e eoe bee 23 76 Break Options uawa waa kinadai KIE 18 External Memory sss 15 27 66 Break Options Tab 18 i Breakpoints Breakpoints E 22 31 Hard Ware eset nc nerd o e 23 33 Ee 28 29 Software 22 Interface seien eerte he ual 28 ES On Targa ME notin ones NGO GE C Program Memory Window sssssseeeeeseereeesenn 31 Cables Settings Dialog 29 Flex Circuit 9 Supplied by Emulator 29 66 Rue UE 74 F ee SC E E E EE 43 Processor Module sse 8 Elle Register rer c E gage Shoe 71 USB nt FL A 9 Filter T 40 47 Captured Events ssssssssssseeeeeneeee 40 Laut d RE CD ROM 8 Llag Bit atu meet ege e 45
20. Target Use Target Board Clock Use the target board clock and not the emulator clock for timing Fast access while halted State Fast access is enabled disabled Enable Fast Oscillator When enabled stepping will be faster For more on this operation when halted see Single stepping extremely slow under Troubleshooting Enable Fast Oscillator Use fast oscillator even though OSC2 is used as a clock output even when OSC2 is clock Care should be taken here as the OSC2 frequency will switch to a out fast frequency when halted OSC2 pin Freeze CLKOUT While Freeze the clock output function when halted Useful with Enable Halted Fast Oscillator even when OSC2 is clock out 8 14 3 dsPIC30F Devices TABLE 8 9 CLOCK TAB dsPIC30F DEVICES Emulator Desired Frequency The frequency at which you would like emulation to run Consult your device data sheet for appropriate frequencies for your device Actual Frequency The emulator generated clock frequency Dialog Use Target Board Clock Use the target board clock and not the emulator clock for timing Diagram A diagram of available oscillator configurations for the device is displayed The Oscillator Source chosen in the configuration bits will be highlighted in this diagram dp X X X Ju sw RM S 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A pa
21. Complex Triggers Apply Internal Only m Breakpoint E vent Criteria Event Event Mode x Data Source Address Only A CB Pass Count Mode Ignore Pass Count LM Pass Count 1 CD Program Data Address 00000000 Data Value ooo Cancel Apply Help _ __ ________ 2 o Fo o o _Go___ e eo _ e J DS51490A page 48 O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers TABLE 6 3 INTERNAL TRIGGERS TAB Interactive Diagram Click the switches in the diagram to set clear OR group AND group and Event Sequencing functions OR Group Enable disable break on event A or B or C or D AND Group Event Sequencing Enable disable break on event A and B and C and D Enable disable conditional breaks for events A through D Application Link with Complex Triggers Currently unimplemented feature Select unselect to link internal triggers with complex triggers Apply Internal Only Applies internal trigger settings only To apply all tab settings click Apply on the bottom of the dialog Breakpoint Event Criteria Event Select an event to set up events A though D Event Mode Pass Count Mode Select the event mode either X Data Source Address Only X Data Destination Address Only Y Data Source Address Only X Data Source Address and Wo
22. LOGIC PROBE PINOUT Logic Probe Pinout on Emulator 130000010011 14 nnonnnn 2 Logic probes may be attached to this connector to give the functionality described in Table B 1 The probes are color coded for easy identification TABLE B 1 LOGIC PROBE PINOUT DESCRIPTION Pin NO Name Function Color O VDD System Power Will supply 5V 5 up to 250 mA Red 2 O HLTOUT Processor Halted Signal Indicates whether the Gray processor is halted high or running low 3 O TRGOUT Trigger Break Out Gray 4 TRGIN Trigger In Active high input will freeze the trace Gray buffer without halting the processor or edge triggered input will halt the processor 5 EXT7 External input bit 7 of the trace trigger inputs White 6 EXT6 External input bit 6 of the trace trigger inputs White 7 EXT5 External input bit 5 of the trace trigger inputs White 8 EXT4 External input bit 4 of the trace trigger inputs White 9 EXT3 External input bit 3 of the trace trigger inputs White 10 EXT2 External input bit 2 of the trace trigger inputs White 11 EXT1 External input bit 1 of the trace trigger inputs White 12 EXTO External input bit O of the trace trigger inputs White 13 Gnd GND System Ground Black 14 Gnd GND System Ground Black The electrical specifications for logic probes are listed in Table B 2 TABLE B 2 LOGIC PROBE ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
23. SWIER ia iuter 74 Power Down Hardware 14 Power put ica dci 74 Power Supply atacada 8 Cable 2 522 REC IEEE 8 9 Input 2c sett A E AE A 74 ua AI if MANA AAA 74 Power SWitch ccoo ccoo dadas idilio 74 DS51490A page 90 Power bz a 16 18 Power Up Hardware asnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneneseseneeeeeeene 12 Processor Module sse 8 9 Specification ripetere ederet 3 Program COUNTE siiin eei dei pintei 28 Program MeMOlYooocccccccononoccnncononanncnnnnonnnncnnnccnnnns 22 43 R Reading Recommended 3 ReadMe A Ua ets 3 S Sequential Event 37 Sequential Trigger 44 45 ke aid aee neve e eleg 54 Software Breakpoints heme 22 Installation ooooocooccnnnnnccccnnnnnoccccnnonnnanccncnnnnnr cnn 13 Source Data Address 54 Source Data Value ooooooococccnncoccccccononaccnonononancccnnnannns 54 Starting and Stopping Emulation 21 State and Operation Gauge ssssssseesesereneeerren e 25 SIODWAalCh 22 standard 25 Subroutines ise aee eene 44 SymboliC 2m cetero bb oii 36 System Components ss sessessneeeeeseenenreererrrnrerrrrrnene 9 T Table Read Write oooooonoccccnnonicccccnconncoocccnnonnnanccnncnnno 43 Target Memory ssssesssssssssseeeeene 27 Time Between Events 42 46 Time Stamp uetus netten lt 54 Trace Buffer see Trace Memory Trace Display see Trace Memory Window Trace Memory eniti eren 53 COPtU ui 33 A an
24. The value opcode field may be entered two ways If Symbolic is selected either hex constants or symbols can be used as described by the complex trigger address syntax above If hex or binary is selected a single constant value with or without don t cares can be entered A don t care state may be specified using either x or X If the radix is binary the don t care applies to a single bit If the radix is hex the don t care applies to four bits The logic probe input value may be entered in either binary or hex just like the value DS51490A page 36 field Pass counters number of captured events and trigger position values are all entered in decimal TABLE 6 2 COMPLEX TRIGGER SYNTAX EXAMPLES Select To Specify Event Type Place In Field Value Type Program Memory Program Memory OAE26 Address Address OxAE26 Data Memory Address Data Memory 23 Address 21 All 14 Bit RETLW Program Memory 34xx Value Hex instructions All 14 Bit RETLW Program Memory 3400 34FF _ Value Symbolic instructions Bit 4 high bit O low Data Memory xxx1xxx0 Value Binary 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers TRIGGER TYPE SELECTION Up to four events can be required before the trace or break occurs The combination of these events can be specified three ways Sequential All Events Any Event In addition the complex triggering feature along with
25. access its entire on chip Flash memory above this the device accesses external program memory up to the program counter accessible limit see Section 5 3 1 Program Counter As with Boot Block mode execution automatically switches between the two memo ries as required In all modes the device has complete access to data RAM and EEPROM For more information consult the device data sheet section Memory Organization 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 27 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide FIGURE 5 1 MEMORY MAPS FOR PROGRAM MEMORY MODES Microprocessor Microprocessor Microcontroller Mi waa Mode MP with Boot Block Mode MC icrocontroller Mode MPBB Mode EMC 000000h On Chip 000000h 000000h 000000h Program On Chip On Chip Memory Program Program No Memory Memory access c Boot Boundary Boundary 2 Boot 1 Boundary 1 Boundary 1 gt 3 External H Program 8 Memory Fi External External o Program Program E Memory Memory o 2 a xxxxxxh xxxxxxh xxxxxxh xxxxxxh External On Chip External On Chip On Chip External On Chip Memory Flash Memory Flash Flash Memory Flash Boot End of boot block Boundary End of on chip program memory xxxxxxh End of accessible program memory Defined by size of program counter 5 3 1 The size of the program counter will determine how much program memory can be accessed i e a 21
26. board DS51490A page 78 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Glossary EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory A special type of PROM that can be erased electrically Data is written or erased one byte at a time EEPROM retains its contents even when power is turned off Emulation The process of executing software loaded into emulation memory as if it were firmware residing on a microcontroller device Emulation Memory Program memory contained within the emulator Emulator Hardware that performs emulation Emulator System The MPLAB ICE 2000 and 4000 emulator systems include the pod processor module device adapter cables and MPLAB IDE software EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory A programmable read only memory that can be erased usually by exposure to ultraviolet radiation Event A description of a bus cycle which may include address data pass count external input cycle type fetch R W and time stamp Events are used to describe triggers breakpoints and interrupts Export Send data out of the MPLAB IDE in a standardized format Extended Microcontroller Mode In extended microcontroller mode on chip program memory as well as external memory is available Execution automatically switches to external if the program memory address is greater than the internal memory space of the PIC17CXXX or PIC18CXXX device External Label A label that has external linkage External Linkage
27. ce 7 oa Flex Circuit Cable 1 2 aia 9 Forced NOP FNOP 34 35 41 44 45 46 47 On board etri e ota e tentus 17 F the T 23 Target Board 5 neon eee 18 Hee d Mes veni qaippe ag demde Glock Tab dose ttai eie 17 18 G Code Coverage cccccocococccccocononncccnconnanncnnnnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnes 51 Gauge State and Operation 25 Complex Trigger rernm 33 Example Shere an aue sin ERIS 44 H Settings Dialog 33 Halt On Trace Buffer Eu 34 CSE nuk enean eet 66 Halt On Troger 34 45 Customer Notification Genlce eeen 4 Hardware Customer Gupport ne 5 BreakpolntsS hu edes 23 33 Cycle Number 54 Installation nos 11 Powering Down 14 D Powering Up ccce 12 Data Memory ee 41 43 45 47 Host to Pod Cable eeepc tete 9 Declaration of Conformity sess 73 Destination Data Address nsesseneeeeeeer nesen 54 I Destination Data Value sessneeesssnneneeenrnn reser 54 Ignore FNOP Cycles cococoooococccccccoconccccccnnanccinnnos 34 41 Device Adapter 2 cc scececeeeeeeeeeeeeeetneeeeeeeeeenees 8 9 Indicator Lights rrt ed 74 SpeclfiCatlOri tacos itte EE 3 Infinite EVent ie iners 41 47 Documentation Installation CONVENTIONS cho d e ee ere e t Co eres 2 HardWare inscrita S o deii t 11 Layout e te is 1 SoftWare aee tee eee eee 13 Numbering Conventions ssssseeeseeeereeeereeen 2 Instruccion ia a 54
28. changed to 0x00 FIGURE 7 4 TRACE MEMORY WINDOW EXAMPLE PIC18F452 lI Trace el ni x T Ts s ja s s Line Label Instruction Cycles Bo Fola EE e E m a ja fa EFOE GOTO Oxic 000000000000 Fooo Forced NOP 000000000001 6AEB Loa Oxfe 000000000002 6E82 MOVUF sd 2 gt 000000000003 6E94 MOVUF 0x 9x 000000000004 6100 Init CLRF 0 0 000000000005 2400 IncCount INCF 0 Oxi O 0000 000000000006 5000 MOVF 0 0 O 0000 000000000007 6E82 MOVUF Oxf82 0 0000 000000000008 0001 000000000009 al 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 El 1 7 5 REAL TIME READS This feature consists of a real time read buffer that records the data of all processor file register write operations The address and data are obtained from the file register address and data bus The write operation to the real time read buffer occurs after data buffers have latched the information from the file register address and data bus The real time display either Watch File Register or SFR window gives a dynamic display of data which is being continuously captured in real time The values displayed are the values that are collected from the last read of the real time read buffer The time interval between real time reads is set up under the Debugger gt Settings View tab Note A longer time interval than the default value will update the values at a much slower pace making it easier to monitor values DS51490A page 56 2004 Microchip Technology Inc
29. data was modified while running Single stepping extremely slow In general to speed up execution when single stepping through code close the following windows EEDATA Stack and SFR GPR window The EEDATA and Stack windows require extra time to populate with data The SFR GPR window requires more time simply because of the large number of registers it may contain In this case you may want to consider using a Watch window Additionally select Debugger Settings Clock tab and choose to either check the check box for Optimize for Fast Step or change the frequency to be faster while stepping For some newer PMFs if you are using a low frequency clock you can speed stepping by selecting Enable Fast Oscillator While Halted on the Debugger gt Settings Clock tab This allows the PMF PCM to switch frequencies while stepping to a 10 MHz clock However you should be careful using this feature e If you are using an oscillator mode that uses the pin OSC2 as an output with Fosc 4 the Enable Fast Oscillator While Halted check box will be grayed out This is to avoid enabling a feature that would cause the OSC2 pin to go from its current operating frequency 4 to 10 MHz 4 However you can still use the fast oscillator by selecting the checkbooks Enable Fast Oscillator Even When OSC2 is clock out If you are running with peripherals not frozen the peripherals operation will change when you step to 10 MHz e AAA EA
30. device data memory RAM available for general use Halt A stop of program execution Executing Halt is the same as stopping at a breakpoint HEX Code Executable instructions stored in a hexadecimal format code HEX code is contained in a HEX file HEX File An ASCII file containing hexadecimal addresses and values HEX code suitable for programming a device High Level Language A language for writing programs that is further removed from the processor than assembly ICD In Circuit Debugger MPLAB ICD and MPLAB ICD 2 are Microchip s in circuit debuggers for PIC16F87X and PIC18FXXX devices respectively These ICDs work with MPLAB IDE ICE In Circuit Emulator MPLAB ICE 2000 and 4000 are Microchip s in circuit emulators that work with MPLAB IDE IDE Integrated Development Environment MPLAB IDE is Microchip s integrated development environment Import Bring data into the MPLAB IDE from an outside source such as from a hex file Instruction Set The collection of machine language instructions that a particular processor understands Instructions A sequence of bits that tells a central processing unit to perform a particular operation and can contain data to be used in the operation Internal Linkage A function or variable has internal linkage if it can not be accessed from outside the module in which it is defined DS51490A page 80 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Glossary International
31. emulator may be found in on line help for MPLAB ICE 4000 DS51490A page 72 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Appendix B Pod Electrical Specification B 1 INTRODUCTION The hardware electrical specifications of the MPLAB ICE 4000 in circuit emulator pod are shown here Refer to MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification DS51298 for information on a specific processor module device adapter Refer to MPLAB ICE Transition Socket Specifications DS51194 for information on a specific transition socket B 2 HIGHLIGHTS This appendix addresses the following electrical specifications of the emulator pod Declaration of Conformity Power USB Port Indicator Lights Logic Probes BA DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY We Microchip Technology Inc 2355 W Chandler Blvd Chandler Arizona 85224 6199 USA hereby declare that the product MPLAB ICE 4000 complies with the following standards provided that the restrictions stated in the oper ating manual are observed Standards EN61010 1 Laboratory Equipment Microchip Technology Inc Monday August 09 2004 Important Information Concerning the Use of the MPLAB ICE 4000 Due to the special nature of the MPLAB ICE 4000 development system the user is advised that it can generate higher than normal levels of electromagnetic radiation which can interfere with the operation of all kinds of radio and other eq
32. from the reset vector address Note Resetwill not currently wake the processor if it is in Sleep mode To wake the processor you must use Debugger gt Reinitialize ICE Hardware Breakpoints Open the Breakpoint dialog Section 4 5 Using Software Breakpoints Set multiple software breakpoints in this dialog Note You may also right click on a line of code to set a breakpoint Stop Trace Halt the trace buffer Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads from capturing data but allow the processor to continue running DS51490A page 58 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Emulator Function Summary Complex Triggers and Code Coverage Opens the MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer Properties dialog Here you may set up Complex Trigger Settings Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers Trigger In Out Settings Section 4 7 Using Trigger In Out Settings and Code Coverage Section 7 3 Code Coverage Stopwatch Opens the complex stopwatch dialog Section 4 9 Using the Stopwatch Additional Commands Fill data memory as specified or force the execution of an opcode Section 8 8 Additional Commands Dialog Data Fill Tab Upload Program Memory from ICE Used for monitoring the effects of self modifying code Transfer program memory in the MPLAB ICE 4000 to the MPLAB IDE Program Memory window Reinitialize ICE Hardware Performs a system reset of the MPLAB ICE 4000 Settings Opens the MPLAB IC
33. of the current data being filtered This is useful if you are monitoring a system in real time and just want to see what s going on without halting the system 3 Sometimes a system misbehaves after a long period of time Infinite events will continue collecting the data in your critical routine until the application is halted Often the misbehaving state will get into a place in the program where no events will be collected The trace buffer will then be a record of the data of interest before the glitch 4 Filtered traces can output a series of triggers on the TRGOUT connector If you wanted to trigger an external logic analyzer every time a particular routine is executed this can be achieved by filtering on that address and setting the appropriate triggering in the Trigger In Out tab Infinite Events in this case will allow continuous triggers to be generated on the TRGOUT connector Trigger Position does not apply when filtering as is Halt on Trigger and Halt on Trace Buffer Full Ignore FNOP Cycles should not be specified when performing a Filter Trace otherwise the trace buffer will capture the cycle that executes after the cycle that caused the trigger Note Since Ignore FNOP Cycles should not be specified with a Filter Trace prefetches will cause the trigger to fire Also performing a Filter Trace on Data Memory access is not recommended since the traced data will be one cycle after the trigger specification N
34. our web site to obtain the latest documentation available Documentation Numbering Conventions Documents are identified with a DS number This number is located on the bottom of each page in front of the page number The numbering convention for the DS Number is DSXXXXXA where XXXXX The document number A The revision level of the document DS51490A page 2 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Preface WARRANTY REGISTRATION Please complete the enclosed Warranty Registration Card and mail it promptly Sending in your Warranty Registration Card entitles you to receive new product updates Interim software releases are available at the Microchip web site RECOMMENDED READING This user s guide describes how to use MPLAB ICE 4000 Other useful documents are listed below The following Microchip documents are available and recommended as supplemental reference resources Readme for MPLAB ICE 4000 For the latest information on using MPLAB ICE 4000 read the Readme for MPLAB ICE 4000 txt file an ASCII text file in the Readmes subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory The Readme file contains update information and known issues that may not be included in this user s guide Readme Files For the latest information on using other tools read the tool specific Readme files in the Readmes subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory The Readme files contain update information and known issues
35. relief under that Act Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise Use of Microchip s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any intellectual property rights OUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV ISO TS 16949 2002 Trademarks The Microchip name and logo the Microchip logo Accuron dsPIC KEELOQ microID MPLAB PIC PICmicro PICSTART PRO MATE PowerSmart rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries AmpLab FilterLab MXDEV MXLAB PICMASTER SEEVAL SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A Analog for the Digital Age Application Maestro dsPICDEM dsPICDEM net dsPICworks ECAN ECONOMONITOR FanSense FlexROM fuzzyLAB In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP ICE
36. reside on the target board or where all program memory may be supplied by the Emulator The Memory tab accessed from Options Development Mode provides the Off Chip Memory selection dialog box Opcodes Operational Codes See Mnemonics Operators Symbols like the plus sign and the minus sign that are used when forming well defined expressions Each operator has an assigned precedence that is used to determine order of evaluation OTP One Time Programmable EPROM devices that are not in windowed packages Since EPROM needs ultraviolet light to erase its memory only windowed devices are erasable Pass Counter A counter that decrements each time an event such as the execution of an instruction at a particular address occurs When the pass count value reaches zero the event is satisfied You can assign the Pass Counter to break and trace logic and to any sequential event in the complex trigger dialog PC Personal Computer or Program Counter PC Host Any IBM or compatible personal computer running a supported Windows operating system PICmicro MCUs PlCmicro microcontrollers MCUs refers to all Microchip microcontroller families PICSTART Plus A developmental device programmer from Microchip Programs 8 14 28 and 40 pin PlCmicro microcontrollers Must be used with MPLAB IDE Software Pod Emulator The external emulator box that contains emulation memory trace memory event and cycle timers and tra
37. that may not be included in this user s guide MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification DS51298 Consult this document for information on the different processor modules and device adaptors available for use with the MPLAB ICE 4000 pod MPLAB ICE Transition Socket Specification DS51194 Consult this document for information on transition sockets available for use with MPLAB ICE 2000 4000 device adaptors TROUBLESHOOTING See Appendix A Troubleshooting for information on common problems THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support on the Microchip World Wide Web WWW site The web site is used by Microchip as a means to make files and information easily available to customers To view the site you must have access to the Internet and a web browser such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer The Microchip web site is available by using your favorite Internet browser www microchip com The web site provides a variety of services Users may download files for the latest development tools data sheets application notes user s guides articles and sample programs A variety of information specific to the business of Microchip is also available including listings of Microchip sales offices distributors and factory representatives 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 3 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Technical Support Frequently Asked Questions FAQ
38. the device See Debugger gt Settings and click the Power tab to check this setting No Target Clock MPLAB IDE cannot detect a clock on the target board Click Debugger Settings and click the Clock tab Check the target clock or switch to the emulator clock Processor Frequency Too Slow The clock frequency chosen is too slow below 32 kHz for the MPLAB ICE 4000 processor module to emulate Select Debugger gt Settings and click the Clock tab Select a higher frequency Refer to the selected PICmicro MCU data sheet for operating frequencies Stack Overflow Has Occurred After Break An overflow of the stack has occurred If this has happened after a program break check Debugger gt Settings Break Options tab and make sure Freeze Peripherals on Halt is checked If it is not peripherals will continue to run during a Halt and could cause a stack overflow Unable to Communicate with Emulator The device you selected is not supported on this tool Select Configure Select Device to select a supported device Select the appropriate configuration options from the MPLAB ICE 4000 Settings dialog tabs in order to configure the emulator processor module or probe for a specific device For additional help see Common Problems Make sure the processor module is plugged in to the emulator pod Make sure the emulator is powered on connected to the PC and is functioning properly A 5 LIMITATIONS General and device specific limitations for the
39. to four events occur before a break or trace occurs The combination of these events can be specified three ways Sequential All Events Any Event In addition the complex triggering feature along with the trace memory window can be used to perform the following functions Time Between Events Filter Trace Complex trigger breakpoints can then be selectively enabled and disabled Breakpoints set in this manner are retained with the project Select Debugger Complex Triggers and Code Coverage and click on the Complex Trigger Settings tab For more information on complex triggering as well as complex triggering examples see Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers 4 7 USING TRIGGER IN OUT SETTINGS MPLAB ICE 4000 offers the following external input and output options Generate a single pulse of nonspecific duration either on the final trigger event or on a filtered trace event Use the positive edge to trigger other equipment Break on a specified edge of an external trigger input Freeze the trace buffer on the rising edge of the external trigger input These options are set through the Trigger In Out Settings dialog via Debugger Complex Triggers and Code Coverage Trigger In Out Settings tab Trigger In Out Settings can be used with the logic probes Section B 7 Logic Probes d M M Qau N S 2004 Mic
40. updates register windows watch variables and status displays so you can analyze and debug instruction execution You can also single step C compiler source code but instead of executing single instructions MPLAB IDE will execute all assembly level instructions generated by the line of the high level C statement Skew The information associated with the execution of an instruction appears on the processor bus at different times For example the executed Opcodes appears on the bus as a fetch during the execution of the previous instruction the source data address and value and the destination data address appear when the Opcodes is actually executed and the destination data value appears when the next instruction is executed The trace buffer captures the information that is on the bus at one instance Therefore one trace buffer entry will contain execution information for three instructions The number of captured cycles from one piece of information to another for a single instruction execution is referred to as the skew Skid When a hardware breakpoint is used to halt the processor one or more additional instructions may be executed before the processor halts The number of extra instructions executed after the intended breakpoint is referred to as the skid Source Code The form in which a computer program is written by the programmer Source code is written in some formal programming language which can be translated into or machine co
41. wide analyzer that is connected to the emulator chip and other devices in the emulator FIGURE 7 2 TRACE BUFFER INPUT MPLAB ICE 4000 MPLAB ICE 4000 External Logic Probe MPLAB SICE 4000 Time Stamp Processor Module PlCmicro Emulator Chip Internal File Register Bus Analyzer Bus MPLAB ICE 4000 Emulation Program Memory GE Complex Trigger Logic autour MEE TRGOUT Buffer K Delay Counter 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 53 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 7 4 1 The Trace Memory Window This trace buffer can be viewed by selecting View gt ICE Trace FIGURE 7 3 TRACE MEMORY WINDOW MPLAB ICE 4000 PIC18F452 Wii Trace E 3 2 ini xl v 2 0038 2E01 Di DECFSZ DEAL Ox UBDUBGDODTDUOSOI L 0 E 2 TOT 1 003A EFic GOTO 0x38 0001 4B 0001 44 D00000D1D004 1 1 O 1 1 1 1 1 0 003C FOOD Forced NOP Sess e DooO000DibDOO5 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0038 2E01 D1 DECFSZ OxI DX 000000D1D006 1 1 O 1 1 1 1 1 2 003A EF1C GOTO 0x38 0001 44 0001 49 O000000D1DOO7 1 1 O 1 1 1 1 1 3 003C FOOO Forced NOP cunc SS eV SS gooooopipoos 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 f 4 0038 2E01 D1 DECFSZ OxI x aa 000000910009 1 1 O 1 1 1 1 1 5 0034 EFi1C GOTO 0x38 0001 49 0001 48 OODOOODiDOOA 1 1 OF 1 1 1 1 1 E Note Due to the timing of processor signals the data information will be skewed
42. DS51490A page 24 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Basic Features 4 9 USING THE STOPWATCH MPLAB ICE 4000 provides a stopwatch to use with emulation see dialog below System Clock The running time in seconds based on the PC system clock You may reset the time immediately by clicking Reset Now or on a halt by checking Clear on Reset When Halted Processor Displays the frequency for the selected device Processor Frequency in MHz versus the calculated average Instruction Cycle rate For the actual instruction cycles run see the ICE trace window FIGURE 4 2 STOPWATCH DIALOG AE r System Clock Time nSec H Clear on Reset When Halted m Processor Processor Frequency MHz 4 000000 Instruction Cycles Calculated 0 NOTE For actual values view ICE trace Close Help 4 10 MONITORING EMULATOR STATES AND OPERATIONS Select Debugger gt Settings View tab and click Show State and Operation Gauge to open an emulator monitor window FIGURE 4 3 ICE STATE AND OPERATIONS GAUGE WINDOW S ICE State and Operations Gauge Por Real Time Reads Clock Source Frequency Power Source Low Voltage Function Freeze Peripherals Stack Full Overflow Watch Dog Timer Mode Emulator Memory Target Memory MCLR Pull up Resistor Operation ide Rum Head Reset wie Indicator Update Speed t USB O Disabled PMF Volta
43. E 4000 Settings dialog Section 8 10 Settings Dialog Port Tab Set up the port clock power break options and pins Also find out information about the current system configuration and device limitations 8 4 VIEW MENU The following items are added to the View menu CE Trace Display the window containing the current trace of your program s execution Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads 8 5 RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON MENU Some or all of following will appear on the right mouse menus in code displays such as program memory and source code files Set Remove Breakpoint Set or remove a breakpoint at the currently selected line Enable Disable Breakpoint Enable or disable a breakpoint at the currently selected line Breakpoints Remove enable or disable all breakpoints For more on breakpoints see Section 4 5 Using Software Breakpoints Run To Cursor Run the program to the current cursor location Formerly Run to Here Set PC at Cursor Set the program counter PC to the cursor location Center Debug Location Center the current PC line in the window Cursor Tracks Debug Location Cursor arrow will track the current debug location 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 59 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 6 TOOLBARS The standard debug toolbar is added Hover the mouse pointer over a toolbar button to see a pop up of the function See Section 8 3 Debugger Menu fo
44. ETTINGS DIALOG CLOCK TAB Set up the emulator clock or select the target board clock Other options may be available depending on device selected and PMF emulator chip For more information see Section 3 6 Setting Up the Processor Clock 8 14 1 PIC18X Devices PMFs with PIC18C01 C02 TABLE 8 7 CLOCK TAB PIC18X DEVICES PMFS WITH PIC18C01 C02 Emulator Desired Frequency The frequency at which you would like emulation to run Consult your device data sheet for appropriate frequencies for your device Actual Frequency The emulator generated clock frequency and deviation from the and Percent Error desired frequency Dialog Use Target Board Clock Use the target board clock and not the emulator clock for timing Optimize for Fast Step Check to speed up stepping This assumes that you will not change the frequency while executing stepping your code i e frequency checking is suspended Note Do not use with INT RC or Timer 1 Osc DS51490A page 62 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Emulator Function Summary 8 14 2 PIC18X Devices PMFs with PIC18C03 TABLE 8 8 CLOCK TAB PIC18X DEVICES PMFS WITH PIC18C03 Emulator Desired Frequency The frequency at which you would like emulation to run Consult your device data sheet for appropriate frequencies for your device Actual Frequency The emulator generated clock frequency and deviation from the and Percent Error desired frequency
45. FNOP Cycles Cancel Apply Help Filter Trace is used to capture only the execution of certain events in the trace buffer Filtered traces allow you to make more efficient use of trace memory You can focus in on sections of code and collect only those or you can select to not collect delay loops or other repeated sections of code that are not of interest Up to three qualifying events can be specified to occur sequentially before starting to collect the specified events The Pass Count field on trigger event is changed to Captured Events indicating how many of these events to record _ _ gt o o xhrbr RR lt e oo ___ _ Q__z _ DS51490A page 40 O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers To perform a continuous filter trace check the Infinite Events check box Infinite Events is a special condition of capturing a filtered trace As the trace buffer gets full old data is discarded and new data is read First In First Out FIFO This is useful in some special cases 1 Capturing filtered events up until a user halt You may wish to see the data collected up until the system was manually halted 2 Use Reload Data as you are filtering events to get a trace display of the current trace buffer Continue to select Reload Data to upload another capture
46. HTS Four indicator lights are located on the front of the emulator Figure B 2 Power LED Green Status LED Green Halt LED Red Run LED Green Information about the indicator lights is detailed in the following sections FIGURE B 2 MPLAB ICE 4000 FRONT VIEW Host to Pod Processor Module Connectors Logic Probes Connector Indicator Lights DS51490A page 74 O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Pod Electrical Specification B 6 1 Power LED Green LED Condition On System is sufficiently powered Off No or low power condition Blinking Fault detected This LED is located on the front panel of the pod and is lit when the system is sufficiently powered The LED will blink slowly if the internal system voltage falls below a 4 65 5 volts indicating a low power condition If this occurs power should be removed until the cause of the low voltage is determined On pods with an electronic circuit breaker the LED will blink if there is a system fault The rate of blinking determines the type of fault Blink Rate Meaning 5 per second Overcurrent condition more than 0 75 A for 5V supply 5 A for 3 3V supply 2 per second Undervoltage condition equal to or less than 4 65V for 5V supply 2 7V for 3 3V supply 3 rapid pause 3 rapid Undervoltage condition on processor module The system may be reset from a fault by turning
47. IDE Refer to the MPLAB IDE v6 xx Quick Start DS51281 and the on line help for MPLAB IDE v6 xx to get a full understanding of the features and debug capabilities of the MPLAB IDE 1 4 HOW MPLAB ICE 4000 HELPS YOU MPLAB ICE 4000 allows you to Debug your application on your own hardware in real time Debug with both hardware and software breakpoints Measure timing between events using the stopwatch or complex trigger Set breakpoints based on internal and or external signals Monitor internal file registers Emulate full speed depending on the device Select the oscillator source in software Program the application clock speed Trace data bus activity and time stamp events Set complex triggers based on program and data bus events and external inputs 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 7 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 1 5 MPLAB ICE 4000 KIT COMPONENTS The components of the MPLAB ICE 4000 emulator kit are listed below MPLAB IDE v6 xx Quick Start DS51281 CD ROM with MPLAB IDE software and on line documentation USB cable to connect the emulator pod to a PC Emulator pod Power supply and cable Emulator stand Processor module flex circuit cable Logic probes D NOaARWN gt Additional hardware that may be ordered separately 1 Processor module 2 Device adapter 3 Transition socket DS51490A page 8 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 2
48. IL 60143 Tel 630 285 0071 Fax 630 285 0075 Dallas 16200 Addison Road Suite 255 Addison Plaza Addison TX 75001 Tel 972 818 7423 Fax 972 818 2924 Detroit Tri Atria Office Building 32255 Northwestern Highway Suite 190 Farmington Hills MI 48334 Tel 248 538 2250 Fax 248 538 2260 Kokomo 2767 S Albright Road Kokomo IN 46902 Tel 765 864 8360 Fax 765 864 8387 Los Angeles 25950 Acero St Suite 200 Mission Viejo CA 92691 Tel 949 462 9523 Fax 949 462 9608 San Jose 1300 Terra Bella Avenue Mountain View CA 94043 Tel 650 215 1444 Fax 650 961 0286 Toronto 6285 Northam Drive Suite 108 Mississauga Ontario L4V 1X5 Canada Tel 905 673 0699 Fax 905 673 6509 ASIA PACIFIC Australia Microchip Technology Australia Pty Ltd Unit 32 41 Rawson Street Epping 2121 NSW Sydney Australia Tel 61 2 9868 6733 Fax 61 2 9868 6755 China Beijing Unit 706B Wan Tai Bei Hai Bldg No 6 Chaoyangmen Bei Str Beijing 100027 China Tel 86 10 85282100 Fax 86 10 85282104 China Chengdu Rm 2401 2402 24th Floor Ming Xing Financial Tower No 88 TIDU Street Chengdu 610016 China Tel 86 28 86766200 Fax 86 28 86766599 China Fuzhou Unit 28F World Trade Plaza No 71 Wusi Road Fuzhou 350001 China Tel 86 591 7503506 Fax 86 591 7503521 China Hong Kong SAR Unit 901 6 Tower 2 Metroplaza 223 Hing Fong Road Kwai Fong N T Hong Kong Tel 852 2401 1200 Fax 852 2401 3431
49. LAB ICD mode the processor runs in real time mode and behaves exactly as the normal chip would behave In real time mode the real time trace buffer of MPLAB ICE is enabled and constantly captures all selected cycles and all break logic is enabled In the emulator or MPLAB ICD the processor executes in real time until a valid breakpoint causes a halt or until the user halts the emulator In the simulator real time simply means execution of the microcontroller instructions as fast as they can be simulated by the host CPU Recursion The concept that a function or macro having been defined can call itself Great care should be taken when writing recursive macros it is easy to get caught in an infinite loop where there will be no exit from the recursion ROM Read Only Memory Program Memory Memory that cannot be modified Run The command that releases the emulator from halt allowing it to run the application code and change or respond to UO in real time 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 85 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide SFR See Special Function Registers Shell The MPASM assembler shell is a prompted input interface to the macro assembler There are two MPASM assembler shells one for the DOS version and one for the Windows version Simulator A software program that models the operation of devices Single Step This command steps though code one instruction at a time After each instruction MPLAB IDE
50. MORY SELECTION m Memory peration Program Fetch C Data C Table Read C Table Write Address pcode C Symbolic C Binay Hex 6 7 2 Data Memory If Data Memory is specified the trigger can be set on a read or a write operation to file registers or special function registers This is called data monitoring The item following Address will be Value for Data Memory selection Note You must proceed a hex address that begins with an alphabetic character with a zero e g instead of entering EF enter OEF Otherwise the address will be assumed to be a label FIGURE 6 8 COMPLEX TRIGGER DATA MEMORY SELECTION m Memory Operation C Program Read Data Write Address y Value C Symbolic C Binary Hex be _ _ _ _ ____ ____ gt CIP gt gt o o A Se O 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 43 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 8 COMPLEX TRIGGERING EXAMPLES The following examples show some of the ways that complex triggers can be used to help debug or characterize a problem Sequential Example Program Memory Sequential Example Data Memory Time Between Events Example Filter Trace Example Program Memory Filter Trace Example Data Memory 6 8 1 Sequential Example Program Memory An application has several subroutines A particular subroutine RoutineA
51. No and MPLAB IDE will try to continue reporting any other errors it encounters Power light is blinking On some pods the power light will blink when there is a system fault Section B 6 1 Power LED Green Turn the pod off and then back on to clear the fault If this does not clear the fault contact Microchip support A4 ERROR MESSAGES You may receive the following error messages when using the emulator system Cannot Perform Requested Operation Unable to Find Emulator System Error Halting Processor No Target Clock Processor Frequency Too Slow Stack Overflow Has Occurred After Break Unable to Communicate with Emulator Cannot Perform Requested Operation Emulation may have been halted by the user while the processor was in sleep mode It is also possible that the power is expected to come from the target board but power is not applied to the device See Debugger gt Settings and click the Power tab to check this setting Unable to Find Emulator System Make sure the emulator is connected to the power supply and is powered on Also make sure the emulator is connected to the PC s communication port 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 71 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Error Halting Processor Emulation may have been halted by the user while the processor was in sleep mode It is also possible that the power is expected to come from the target board but power is not applied to
52. Organization for Standardization An organization that sets standards in many businesses and technologies including computing and communications Interrupt A signal to the CPU that suspends the execution of a running application and transfers control to an Interrupt Service Routine ISR so that the event may be processed Interrupt Handler A routine that processes special code when an interrupt occurs Interrupt Request An event which causes the processor to temporarily suspend normal instruction execution and to start executing an interrupt handler routine Some processors have several interrupt request events allowing different priority interrupts Interrupt Service Routine User generated code that is entered when an interrupt occurs The location of the code in program memory will usually depend on the type of interrupt that has occurred IRQ See Interrupt Request ISO See International Organization for Standardization ISR See Interrupt Service Routine Librarian See Archiver Library See Archive Linker A language tool that combines object files and libraries to create executable code resolving references from one module to another Linker Script Files Linker script files are the command files of a linker They define linker options and describe available memory on the target platform Listing Directives Listing directives are those directives that control the assembler listing file format They allow the
53. PIC Migratable Memory MPASM MPLIB MPLINK MPSIM PICkit PICDEM PICDEM net PICLAB PICtail PowerCal Powerlnfo PowerMate PowerTool rfLAB rfPICDEM Select Mode Smart Serial SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies 2004 Microchip Technology Incorporated Printed in the U S A All Rights Reserved LA Printed on recycled paper Microchip received ISO TS 16949 2002 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe Arizona and Mountain View California in October 2003 The Company s quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro 8 bit MCUs KEELOQ code hopping devices Serial EEPROMs microperipherals nonvolatile memory and analog products In addition Microchip s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001 2000 certified DS51490A page ii 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Table of Contents Eat orien edita a hia E IR LI ELI eL NE 1 Chapter 1 Overview TAL ROG UICUION aae dst pocas ak us cb E 7 1 2 Highlights in ld Sree eR Ea ie enlace eis 7 1 3 MPLAB ICE 4000 Dehried enmascarado dto 7 1 4 How MPLAB ICE 4000 He
54. Q insinte aia aeae ie arki 69 AA Error Messages E E ETT 71 A5 Eimitations tc cedet pe ed e te Re qur eae d pe ead dus 72 Appendix B Pod Electrical Specification signes T ETE 73 BIS PE 73 B 3 Declaration of Conformity sssssssssssss ww www wima wima w wawi 73 BP WE ne aee A ee hola tan AA 74 Bia USB POM iiim ode e i Eet 74 B 6 Indicator Lights i nte tete eet es as 74 B f Logic Proebes ica e ete aia 76 MNOS e ii ioa I MI MI EE EE d II ME 77 IT WA ToU EUN 89 Worldwide Sales and Service 2 2 20r IRE co a 92 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page v MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide NOTES DS51490A page vi 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Preface INTRODUCTION The general information discussed here can help you when using the MPLAB ICE 4000 emulator Items discussed in this chapter include About This Guide Warranty Registration Recommended Reading Troubleshooting The Microchip Web Site Development Systems Customer Change Notification Service Customer Support ABOUT THIS GUIDE Document Layout This document describes how to use MPLAB ICE 4000 as a development tool to emulate and debug firmware on a target board The manual layout is as follows Chapter 1 Overview What MPLAB ICE 4000 is and how it can help you develop your application Chapter 2 Installation How to install MPLAB ICE 4000 hardware and MPLAB IDE v6 xx
55. Technology Inc DS51490A page 17 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 3 6 2 Using a Target Board Clock MPLAB ICE 4000 can use the processor clock on the target board as long as target board external power is being used It can determine the frequency of the target board clock and use it for displaying timing information 1 Select the target board Oscillator Type Section 3 3 3 Oscillator Settings 2 Select the Power tab of the Debugger gt Settings dialog and set Processor Power to From Target Board see Section 3 5 2 Processor Power from Target Board 3 Select the Clock tab on the Debugger gt Settings dialog Then select Use Target Board Clock Note If MPLAB ICE 4000 is not hooked up to a target board and you click Use Target Board Clock you will get a warning dialog The target board clock frequency will be calculated displayed and used for any internal time calculations A warning is issued if the frequency is less than 32 kHz Because of measurement error the calculated frequency may not be what is desired for internal time calculations e g Your crystal oscillator has a frequency of 8 MHz 50 ppm but the target frequency is shown as 7 993755 Measurement error can range from 3 996 to a fraction of a percent 4 Click Apply 3 7 SETTING UP MISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE In addition to the settings you have already made there are other settings that you may or may not wish to change in the Debugger gt Setti
56. and Code Coverage Complex Trigger Settings tab The Complex Trigger Settings tab will contain different items depending on your selection of 1 Trigger Type Sequential All Events Any Event Time Between Events or Filter Trace 2 Memory Program Memory or Data Memory 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 33 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Figure 6 1 shows whatthe tab will look like for a sequential event and program memory selection This is the typical layout of the Complex Trigger Settings tab FIGURE 6 1 COMPLEX TRIGGER PROGRAM MEMORY SEQUENTIAL MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E 2 x Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Dut Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event Event2 Event3 Trigger Im Trigger Type g Sequential Memory beu C AllEvents Program etel C Any Event C Data C Table SEES C Filter Trace C Table Write C Time Bet Event ime Between E vents Aes d Trigger Position Position Center k Opcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic Binay Hex r Probes 22223 Logic Probes On Trigger ea Calis On Cycles After Trigger On Trace Buffer Full Sass Counter 1 IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Cancel Apply Help For information on trigger type event selection see Section 6 6 Trigger Type Selection Trace related trigger information may be entered in th
57. bit program counter permits access to a 2 Mbyte 1 Mword program memory space on chip off chip or a combination of both types of program memory 5 3 2 A Program Memory mode is set by using configuration bits Depending on the device the Processor Mode Select bits are located in a configuration register which is programmed when the device is programmed For more information consult the device data sheet section Special Features of the CPU 5 3 3 The External Memory Interface is a feature of a PIC18F8XXX device that allows the microcontroller to access external memory devices such as Flash EPROM SRAM etc as program or data memory Program Counter Configuration Bits External Memory Interface Using the MEMCON register the following may be configured External bus enable and disable 16 Bit Mode Word Write mode Byte Select mode or Byte Write mode e Wait Table read write bus cycle wait counts 0 3 Tcv For more information see the External Memory Interface section of the device data sheet DS51490A page 28 2004 Microchip Technology Inc External Memory Usage 5 4 EMULATING PIC18F8XXX PROGRAM MEMORY MODES Emulating a device that uses external memory requires the following steps 1 Setting Configuration Bits 2 Setting External Memory 3 Setting Memory Options 5 4 1 Setting Configuration Bits To set the values of configuration bits for your selected device open the Configuration
58. by one cycle Destination data values are actually skewed by two cycles but for display purposes the trace buffer display compensates for one of the delayed cycles MPLAB ICE 4000 offers a trace memory window that monitors much of the processor operation Up to 64K 1 65535 instruction cycles can be displayed The trace memory window contains the following information for each execution cycle Line Cycle s position relative to the trigger or halting point Address Addr Address of the instruction being fetched from program memory Opcode Op Instruction being fetched Label Label Label if any associated with the program memory address Instruction Disassembled instruction Source Data Address SA Address or symbol of the source data if applicable Source Data Value SD Value of the source data if applicable Destination Data Address DA Address or symbol of the destination data if applicable Destination Data Value DD Value of the destination data if applicable Cycles Time stamp value Probe n Value of the external input from logic probe n for n 0 through 7 The approximate trigger cycle will be highlighted and will be numbered as line 0 All other lines will be numbered based on this cycle Cycles that occurred before the trig ger point will have a negative line number and cycles that occurred after the trigger point will have a positive line number If the t
59. ce breakpoint logic DS51490A page 84 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Glossary Power on Reset Emulation A software randomization process that writes random values in data RAM areas to simulate uninitialized values in RAM upon initial power application PRO MATE II A device programmer from Microchip Programs all PICmicro microcontrollers and most memory and Keeloq devices Can be used with MPLAB IDE or stand alone Program Counter The location that contains the address of the instruction that is currently executing Program Memory The memory area in a device where instructions are stored Also the memory in the emulator or simulator containing the downloaded target application firmware Project A set of source files and instructions to build the object and executable code for an application Prototype System A term referring to a user s target application or target board PWM Signals Pulse Width Modulation Signals Certain PICmicro MCU devices have a PWM peripheral Qualifier An address or an address range used by the Pass Counter or as an event before another operation in a complex trigger Radix The number base HEX or decimal used in specifying an address RAM Random Access Memory Data Memory Memory in which information can be accessed in any order Raw Data The binary representation of code or data associated with a section Real Time When released from the halt state in the emulator or MP
60. cles Clear All Load All Save All Cancel Apply Help FIGURE 6 13 SPECIFYING THE EVENT THAT WILL STOP THE TIMER MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer Ax Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event 2 Start Timer Stop Timer 4 Di r Trigger Type M EET R 0 E C Sequential T 3 Tel SE 7 Soco p f Program re eS C Any Event C Data Table Read C Filter Trace C Table Write CI Time Between Events AERE nass y Delay r Trigger Position Position End v pcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binary Hex fio ll e r Halt Logic Probes On Trigger iia O TO On Cycles After Trigger a On Trace Buffer Full qum IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear Event Clear All peek Load All Save All Load Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help DS51490A page 46 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers 6 8 4 Filter Trace Example Program Memory A program has a large delay loop How can program execution be traced without wading though thousands of delay loop cycles For this use a Filter Trace Specify the traced addresses to be everything except the program memory range where the delay loop is located Uncheck Ignore FNOP Cycles Check Infinite Events and use either a software breakpoint or a user halt to stop emu lation or uncheck Infinite Events and enter a value for Captu
61. coooonoconnoronn non nono nnnnnnnnnnnnnos 21 4 4 Viewing Processor Memory and Files oooooooooooooooooooccccccconnnnnnnncnnnnnnncnnnnnnninos 22 4 5 Using Software Breakpoints 22 4 6 Using Hardware Breakpoints eeeseeeeeeeeneeeeeeaeaeeaaeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 23 4 7 Using Trigger In Out Settings siii fta tee ede eb dos deco e 23 4 8 Using a Real Time Watch 24 4 9 Using the Stopwatch 25 4 10 Monitoring Emulator States and Operations 25 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page iii MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Chapter 5 External Memory Usage A atda naia iett ECH elle IC 5 3 PIC18F8XXX Program Memory Modes 5 4 Emulating PIC18F8XXX Program Memory Modes 5 5 MPLAB IDE and External Memory Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers A ee Eeer hees 6 2 Highlights etre o ertet exo DR a epe edes 6 3 Complex Triggers occccccccccnnnnnncnnnnnncnncnnininininininos 6 4 Complex Trigger Settings occoccccccccccccccccnncns 6 5 Complex Trigger Settings Syntax 6 6 Trigger Type Selection wwwwwwmmaaaaa 6 7 Memory Selection sssssnoseoeeeeeseeeeeeeeeereerrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrnns 6 8 Complex Triggering Examples 6 9 Internal Triggers ococccccnnccnncnnccnncnnnnnnnnnnininicinininn Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads Tz Introduction ai
62. cute MPLAB IDE functions Trace An emulator or simulator function that logs program execution The emulator logs program execution into its trace buffer which is uploaded to MPLAB IDE s trace window 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 87 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Trace Memory Trace memory contained within the emulator Trace memory is sometimes called the trace buffer Trigger Output Trigger output refers to an emulator output signal that can be generated at any address or address range and is independent of the trace and breakpoint settings Any number of trigger output points can be set Uninitialized Data Data which is defined without an initial value In C int myVar defines a variable which will reside in an uninitialized data section Upload The Upload function transfers data from a tool such as an emulator or programmer to the host PC or from the target board to the emulator Warning An alert that is provided to warn you of a situation that would cause physical damage to a device software file or equipment Watch Variable A variable that you may monitor during a debugging session in a watch window Watch Window Watch windows contain a list of watch variables that are updated at each breakpoint Watchdog Timer A timer on a PlCmicro microcontroller that resets the processor after a selectable length of time The WDT is enabled or disabled and set up using configuration bits WDT
63. de or executed by an interpreter Source File An ASCII text file containing source code Special Function Registers The portion of data memory RAM dedicated to registers that control I O processor functions I O status timers or other modes or peripherals Stack Hardware Locations in PICmicro microcontroller where the return address is stored when a function call is made Stack Software Memory used by an application for storing return addresses function parameters and local variables This memory is typically managed by the compiler when developing code in a high level language Static RAM or SRAM Static Random Access Memory Program memory you can Read Write on the target board that does not need refreshing frequently DS51490A page 86 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Glossary Status Bar The Status Bar is located on the bottom of the MPLAB IDE window and indicates such current information as cursor position development mode and device and active tool bar Step Into This command is the same as Single Step Step Into as opposed to Step Over follows a CALL instruction into a subroutine Step Over Step Over allows you to debug code without stepping into subroutines When stepping over a CALL instruction the next breakpoint will be set at the instruction after the CALL If for some reason the subroutine gets into an endless loop or does not return properly the next breakpoint will never be reached Th
64. e Step Over command is the same as Single Step except for its handling of CALL instructions Stimulus Input to the simulator i e data generated to exercise the response of simulation to external signals Often the data is put into the form of a list of actions in a text file Stimulus may be asynchronous synchronous pin clocked and register Stopwatch A counter for measuring execution cycles Symbol A symbol is a general purpose mechanism for describing the various pieces which comprise a program These pieces include function names variable names section names file names struct enum union tag names etc Symbols in MPLAB IDE refer mainly to variable names function names and assembly labels The value of a symbol after linking is its value in memory System Window Control The system window control is located in the upper left corner of windows and some dialogs Clicking on this control usually pops up a menu that has the items Minimize Maximize and Close Target Refers to user hardware Target Application Software residing on the target board Target Board The circuitry and programmable device that makes up the target application Target Processor The microcontroller device on the target application board Template Lines of text that you build for inserting into your files at a later time The MPLAB Editor stores templates in template files Tool Bar A row or column of icons that you can click on to exe
65. e disadvantage of longer upload download times as commands writes and reads to external memory will take time In order for the MPLAB ICE 4000 to load your code into external program mem ory the target system must provide SRAM or DRAM If the target system uses non volatile memory such as Flash the emulator will not be able to load code into external memory For non volatile memory you must provide an alternate method of loading program memory However the emulator can upload non volatile memory and run from non volatile memory 5 4 8 1 EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY SUPPLIED BY EMULATOR To use only emulator memory select Supplied by Emulator under External Off Chip Program Memory The amount of emulator supplied memory will display in Emulator Supplied under ICE Memory Mapping Target Supplied should say Not Used If you still need to access a range of target memory to control external circuits set up a Memory Mapped Peripheral Range Check the box Enable Banked Access Mode and enter a target memory start and end address This may either be a range within the emulator range or a range above this but below the program counter maximum see Section 5 3 1 Program Counter 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 29 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide FIGURE 5 2 MEMORY MAPPED PERIPHERAL RANGE Mapped Range within Mapped Range
66. e following items Trigger Position Used to position the trigger location in the trace memory window indicating the number of cycles captured by the trace memory window after the trigger occurs Cycles Traced After Trigger The approximate cycle that generated the trigger will be indicated with an arrow Halt On Trigger The trigger point will generate a hardware breakpoint halting the processor and will be the last entry in the trace memory window To capture traces without halting the target unselect this option Halt On Cycles After Trigger The trigger point will not generate a hardware breakpoint until the Cycles Traced After Trigger is reached Then the processor will be halted To capture traces without halting the target unselect this option Halt On Trace Buffer Full A trigger will cause the trace buffer to stop before overwriting old data When the trace buffer is full 64K 1 or 65535 entries a hardware breakpoint will halt the processor Note The number of downloaded lines specified in the Configure Trace tab does not affect the number of cycles collected and Trigger Position still applies Ignore FNOP Cycles Specifies whether or not forced NOP cycles are to be considered in the event processing A forced NOP cycle is the second cycle of a two cycle instruction Since the PlCmicro MCU architecture is pipelined it prefetches the next instruction in the physical address space while it i
67. e for ways to contact Microchip Technology A 2 HIGHLIGHTS This chapter discusses the following Common Problems FAQ Error Messages Limitations A 3 COMMON PROBLEMS FAQ The following are problems and issues that many users may encounter when using the emulator system Communications cannot be established with MPLAB ICE 4000 MPLAB ICE 4000 driver not loaded on installation Single stepping extremely slow when programmer enabled Single stepping extremely slow Program Memory appears correct but the file registers and program execution do not appear to work correctly Program keeps resetting On reset an error message appears saying that there was an error resetting the processor and to check power Power light is blinking Communications cannot be established with MPLAB ICE 4000 1 Check the port Open the Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings and select the Ports tab Verify that the port specified in MPLAB IDE is the port you are using i e make sure MPLAB ICE 4000 is plugged into the correct communications port 2 Check target clock power If you are using target clock select emulator clock Debugger gt Settings Clock tab uncheck Use Target Board Clock and see if you can establish communications If so there may be a problem with the target clock If you are using target power select emulator power Debugger gt Settings Power tab select Processor Power From Emulator and see if you can e
68. e reete 7 2 Highlights tote A 7 3 Code Coverage c occcccccccnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnns 7 4 Trace Memory sssssss eee 7 5 Real Time Reads occccccnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnininininos Chapter 8 Emulator Function Summary SITO dC Em 82 RIOS arandelas 8 3 Debugger Men SA View MOUSE EE 8 5 Right Mouse Button Menu oocccccncccnccnncccnicinicininos 6 0 TODAS cete ont bevor pue du mier baee ida das 5 7 Status Bar eeler den Pn rn re ee PS ous 8 8 Additional Commands Dialog Data Fill Tab 8 9 Additional Commands Dialog Force Opcode Tab 8 10 Settings Dialog Port Tab oooocccccccccccccccccnccinin n 8 11 Settings Dialog Info Tab 8 12 Settings Dialog Limitations Tab 8 13 Settings Dialog View Tab 8 14 Settings Dialog Clock Tab 8 15 Settings Dialog Power Tab 8 16 Settings Dialog Break Options Tab 8 17 Settings Dialog Memory Tab 8 18 Settings Dialog Pins Pins and Usage Tab 8 19 Settings Dialog Peripheral Tab 8 20 Other Dialogs Windows eene DS51490A page iv 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Table of Contents Appendix A Troubleshooting AeA IntrodiGtloh ci e etie eee ober ete o bie ote po Specie 69 AZ highlighis 5 oto hod A rta ad iia 69 A 3 Common Problems FA
69. e supplied by the target Also select the Target 16 bit Access mode Memory Mapped Peripheral Range For external memory supplied by the emulator you may map a range of target memory if you want access to its associated peripheral connections Click to select deselect Enable Banked Access mode Specify the Start and End Address values A28 A8 A7 A0 are already specified 00h and FFh Select the Target 16 bit Access mode Target 16 Bit Access Mode CSEL For external memory supplied by the target or any memory mapped range you must set up the external memory interface Choose the mode of 16 bit access to the target either Word Write Byte Select or Byte Write and any delay Wait 0 1 2 or 3 Tcv For PIC18C601 801 devices specify values for the CSEL2 and CSELIO registers ICE Memory Mapping Emulator Supplied Displays range of program memory supplied by the emulator Target Supplied Displays range of program memory supplied by the target DS51490A page 66 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Emulator Function Summary 8 18 SETTINGS DIALOG PINS PINS AND USAGE TAB Set up the operation of special pins for your selected device Other options may be available depending on device selected 8 18 4 PIC18X Devices Only TABLE 8 13 PINS AND USAGE TAB PIC18X DEVICES ONLY User Master Clear and Master Clear Pull up MCLR Pin Usage Display how the MCLR pin will be used
70. e to the emulator system and or target application may occur if these steps are not followed Select Debugger None Close MPLAB IDE v6 xx Save any projects work spaces when prompted Remove power from target application circuit Turn off the emulator pod Turn off the PC oak wON gt DS51490A page 14 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 3 General Set Up 3 1 INTRODUCTION After installing MPLAB ICE 4000 and starting up the MPLAB IDE MPLAB IDE must be set up to correctly emulate the selected processor 3 2 HIGHLIGHTS The steps needed to get started with MPLAB ICE 4000 are Checking Configuration Bit Values Configuring the Communications Port Selecting Processor Power Setting Up the Processor Clock Setting Up Miscellaneous Hardware Using MPLAB IDE Projects and Work spaces AA CHECKING CONFIGURATION BIT VALUES To view the values of configuration bits for your selected device open the Configuration Bits window by selecting Configure Configuration Bits When you first select a device and start a project default data sheet values for configuration bits are used These may not be what you want for development e g you may not want the watchdog timer enabled 3 3 1 Watchdog Timer On Off Determine whether or not the Watchdog Timer WDT will be needed During development WDT is usually disabled However if a specific development r
71. ear Event Clear All Lea Event Load All Save All Load Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help For the trigger type Time Between Events the time stamp generator is held at zero until a specified starting event occurs The time stamp generator then continues to increment normally until a specified stopping event occurs The time stamp can then be used to measure the lapsed time Up to two events and the start event can be specified to occur sequentially before the time stamp generator starts incrementing The trace memory display time stamp will start incrementing when the starting event occurs and will stop when the terminating event occurs The time between the events can be determined by examining the time stamp in the trace memory window DS51490A page 42 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers 6 7 MEMORY SELECTION Certain items on the subtabs of the Complex Trigger Settings tab will be different depending on the memory selection 6 7 1 Program Memory If Program Memory is specified the trigger can be generated on an instruction fetch or a table read table write operation The item following Address will be Opcode for Program Memory selection Note You must proceed a hex address that begins with an alphabetic character with a zero e g instead of entering EF enter OEF Otherwise the address will be assumed to be a label FIGURE 6 7 COMPLEX TRIGGER PROGRAM ME
72. ecution and data allocation within macro body definitions Make Project A command that rebuilds an application re compiling only those source files that have changed since the last complete compilation MCU Microcontroller Unit An abbreviation for microcontroller Also uC Message Text displayed to alert you to potential problems in language tool operation A message will not stop operation Microcontroller A highly integrated chip that contains a CPU RAM program memory I O ports and timers Microcontroller Mode One of the possible program memory configurations of the PIC17CXXX and PIC18CXXX families of microcontrollers In microcontroller mode only internal execution is allowed Thus only the on chip program memory is available in microcontroller mode Microprocessor Mode One of the possible program memory configurations of the PIC17CXXX and PIC18CXXX families of microcontrollers In microprocessor mode the on chip program memory is not used The entire program memory is mapped externally Mnemonics Text instructions that can be translated directly into machine code Also referred to as Opcodes MPASM Assembler Microchip Technology s relocatable macro assembler for PICmicro microcontroller devices KeeLog devices and Microchip memory devices MPLAB ASM30 Microchip s relocatable macro assembler for dsPIC30F digital signal controller devices DS51490A page 82 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Glossary
73. ed by the target system MPLAB ICE 4000 loads the target system with up to 150 mA An MPLAB ICE 4000 device adapter loads the system with up to 10 mA See Section 2 7 Applying Power to the System Components Low Voltage Emulation before using low voltage emulation if this feature is desired 1 Apply power to the PC 2 Apply power to the emulator pod Insert the processor module BEFORE turning on the emulator pod DO NOT insert a processor module with power applied to the pod 3 Apply power to the target application circuit 2 7 APPLYING POWER TO THE SYSTEM COMPONENTS LOW VOLTAGE EMULATION MPLAB ICE 4000 supports low voltage emulation 2 5V In this configuration power MUST BE SUPPLIED by the target system Note When power is supplied by the target system MPLAB ICE 4000 loads the target system with up to 150 mA An MPLAB ICE 4000 device adapter loads the system with up to 10 mA To prevent damage to any of the subsystem or target application parts power up the system components as specified below Damage to the emulator system and or target application may occur if these steps are not followed 1 Check the limitations for your selected device Some devices allow emulator pins to come up as output high instead of input Make certain you do not allow the emulated device to do this if your application cannot tolerate 5V 2 Apply power to the PC 3 Apply power t
74. either as master clear or an input port pin MCLR Pull up Resistor Connect disconnect the resistor on the MPLAB ICE 4000 header Supplied by ICE used to pull up the MCLR pin Warning Disconnecting may lock up the emulator hardware Enable MCLR Low Display a Warning message if MCLR voltage level is low This Warning if pull up would indicate a problem as the pull up should be keeping the supplied by ICE level high Emulator Operation Preserve user s external The purpose of this check box is to keep the emulator from bus access method when changing external bus access methods during the halted state of halted the emulator when using Extended Microcontroller mode Generally the emulator would change external bus access methods to the most efficient method for the emulator during Halt However this process tri states the external bus causing the bus and control lines to float This may cause problems for the target system By selecting Preserve user s external bus access method when halted the bus stays active during halted states This may cause the emulator s response to be slightly slower and there will be bus activity generated by the emulator system 8 18 2 dsPIC Devices Only TABLE 8 14 PINS AND USAGE TAB dsPIC DEVICES ONLY Pins MCLR Pull up Resistor Connect disconnect the resistor on the MPLAB ICE 4000 header Connected used to pull up the MCLR pin Warning Disconnecting may lock u
75. equires the WDT to be enabled remember to set its prescaler 3 3 2 Processor Mode and External Memory If a processor has a mode that supports external program memory Microprocessor or Extended Microcontroller select the mode here Additional memory features are set up on the Memory tab of the Settings dialog PIC18C601 801 devices use external memory exclusively they have no on chip program memory so there is no need for Processor mode selection bits However you may use the Memory tab to set up whether the external memory is provided by the emulator or the target 3 3 3 Oscillator Settings Select the oscillator you will use for development here and the frequency for the oscillator in Debugger gt Settings Clock tab Section 3 6 Setting Up the Processor Clock Make sure you only enter frequencies that are available for the selected oscillator 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 15 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 3 4 CONFIGURING THE COMMUNICATIONS PORT MPLAB ICE 4000 communicates with the PC via a USB port 1 Select Debugger gt Settings and click on the Port tab 2 Select a communications port where ICEUSB x are the available USB ports The number of available ports will depend on the configuration of individual PC s Note Before you change the communications port in software make sure you have first changed it in hardware Click Apply to accept the setting in this tab of the Settings dialog
76. functions correctly to begin with but after a time it begins to function incorrectly This subroutine is called many times so it would be nice to skip the executions where the subroutine functions properly and breaks just before the subroutine starts to fail It is observed that the routine functions correctly until another after subroutine RoutineB is called This problem can be solved by a Sequential trigger with two events The first event that must occur is the execution of Rout ineB so the Event 3 tab is specified with the fetch of program memory address RoutineB The trigger should fire when RoutineaA is called so the Trigger tab is specified with the fetch of program memory address RoutineA The Ignore FNOP Cycles is left checked so prefetches are ignored and Halt On Trigger is checked so the improperly executing subroutine can be stepped FIGURE 6 9 SETTING THE FIRST OF TWO SEQUENTIAL EVENTS MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E EZ Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Dut Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event Event2 Event3 Trigger r Trigger Type Sequential EN Memory Becker C Al Events E e Program E Fetch C Any Event s C Data Table Read C Filter Trace A d Table Write CT Time Between Events nu Routines Trigger Position i Position Center M Opcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binay Hex Probes Halt Logic Probes On Tri
77. ge 14 94 V Emulator 20 000 MHz Emulator Disabled On Halt Enabled Break Disabled Microcontroller MC Supplies 0x00000000 0x0001FFFF Not Used On Emulator Accessing ICE Program Memory Seck Config Memory Code Coverage EEData 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 25 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide View basic emulator data in the top portion of the window Depending on the device selected for emulation more or less items may be displayed TABLE 4 1 EMULATOR DATA DEFINITIONS Item Definition Change Using Port Type of communications port Debugger gt Settings Port tab Real Time Reads between the emulator and the PC Enabled or disabled Debugger gt Settings View tab PMF Voltage Current operating voltage of the processor module See Low Voltage Function Clock Source Emulator or target Configure Configuration Bits Oscillator Debugger gt Settings Clock tab Frequency Current operating frequency Configure Configuration Bits Oscillator Debugger gt Settings Clock tab Power Source Low Voltage Function Emulator or target Enabled or disabled Debugger gt Settings Power tab Configure Configuration Bits Low Voltage Program Freeze Peripherals On halt or Not Used Debugger gt Settings Break Options tab Stack Full Overflow Enabled or disabled break or reset Configure Configuration B
78. ge 63 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 15 SETTINGS DIALOG POWER TAB Select the power source for the emulation system Other options may be available depending on device selected For more information see Section 3 5 Selecting Processor Power TABLE 8 10 POWER TAB Processor Power From Emulator Use the emulator power supply to power the emulator system pod and device adapter This is the default From Target Board Use power from the target board to power the emulator system dsPIC Devices Only From Emulator Use the emulator power supply as the analog voltage source This is the default From Target Board Use power from the target board as the analog voltage source dsPIC Devices Only From Emulator Use the emulator power supply to provide the reference for analog voltage This is the default From Target Board Use power from the target board to provide the reference for analog voltage Analog Voltage Source Analog Voltage Reference Low Voltage Usage PIC18X Devices Only Display whether or not Low Voltage mode is being used for emulation DS51490A page 64 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Emulator Function Summary 8 16 SETTINGS DIALOG BREAK OPTIONS TAB Set up options for halting resetting the processor device Other options may be available depending on device selected TABLE 8 11 BREAK OPTIONS TAB General Global Hardware Break When selected enables al
79. ger MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB IDE The latest information on Microchip MPLAB IDE the Windows Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools This list is focused on the MPLAB IDE MPLAB SIM simulator MPLAB IDE Project Manager and general editing and debugging features Programmers The latest information on Microchip programmers These include the MPLAB ICD 2 PRO MATE II and MPLAB PM3 device programmers and the PICSTART Plus development programmer e e e e DS51490A page 4 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Preface CUSTOMER SUPPORT Microchip customers can receive assistance through several channels Hotline There is a Systems Information and Upgrade Line This line provides customers a listing of the latest versions of all of Microchip s development systems software products Plus this line provides information on how customers can receive any currently available upgrade kits The Hotline Numbers are 1 800 755 2345 for U S and most of Canada 1 480 792 7302 for the rest of the world In The Field Customers should call their distributor representative or field application engineer FAE for support Local sales offices are also available to help customers See the back cover for a listing of sales offices and locations Corporate Applications Corporate Applications Engineers CAEs may be contacted at 480 792 7627 You will need an active internet connection to obtain a ticket for assista
80. gger AT zu 1 On Cycles After Trigger SE On Trace Buffer Full S88 DUE 1 IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear Event Clear All _Clear Event Load All Save All Lead Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help w X Aw Xr DS51490A page 44 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers FIGURE 6 10 SETTING THE SECOND OF TWO SEQUENTIAL EVENTS MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E Ad xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event 1 Event2 Event3 Trigger r Trigger Type Sequential p pend C Al Events Program etel C Any Event C Data C Table Read C Filter Trace C Table Write C T Time Between Events nies Routines y Trigger Position PITE gt gt C Opcode C Symbolic C Bina Hex r Probes Halt Logic Probes Y On Trigger Binary C Hex On Cycles After Trigger Pass Counter On Trace Buffer Full a IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear All Clear Event Loada Save All Load Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help 6 8 2 Sequential Example Data Memor
81. he MPLAB ICE 4000 supports PIC18F8XXX devices but not PIC17CXXX devices How the emulator functions for these modes is discussed here 5 2 HIGHLIGHTS Topics covered in the chapter are PIC18F8XXX Program Memory Modes Emulating PIC18F8XXX Program Memory Modes MPLAB IDE and External Memory 5 3 PIC18F8XXX PROGRAM MEMORY MODES PIC18F8XXX devices are capable of operating in any one of several Program Memory modes using combinations of on chip and external program memory Available Program Memory modes are as follows The Microprocessor mode permits access only to external program memory the contents of the on chip Flash memory are ignored The program counter permits access to a linear program memory space and defines the amount of accessible program memory see Section 5 3 1 Program Counter The Microprocessor with Boot Block mode accesses on chip Flash memory from address 000000h to the end of the boot block Above this external program memory is accessed all the way up to the program counter accessible limit see Section 5 3 1 Program Counter Program execution automatically switches between the two memories as required The Microcontroller mode accesses only on chip Flash memory Attempts to read above the physical limit of the on chip Flash causes a read of all 0 s a NOP instruction The Extended Microcontroller mode allows access to both internal and external program memories as a single block The device can
82. hen halted 3 7 4 Settings Dialog Peripheral Tab Set up peripheral functions such a freeze on halt 3 8 USING MPLAB IDE PROJECTS AND WORK SPACES MPLAB IDE v5 xx and lower used projects to help you manage the files to build your application MPLAB IDE v6 xx now uses projects and work spaces to aid in the development of complicated applications For general information on projects and work spaces see the on line help for MPLAB IDE v6 xx 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 19 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide NOTES DS51490A page 20 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 4 Basic Features 4 1 INTRODUCTION MPLAB ICE 4000 provides a wide variety of tools to emulate and debug an application MPLAB ICE 4000 offers a basic set of in circuit debugging tools including the ability to run halt reset and single step the processor plus additional tools for advanced debugging techniques Several basic MPLAB ICE 4000 emulator features are built in to the MPLAB IDE software A general description of these features is provided here but for more detailed information consult the MPLAB IDE documentation Other basic tools appear when MPLAB ICE 4000 is selected as the debug tool 4 2 HIGHLIGHTS MPLAB ICE 4000 basic features include the following Starting and Stopping Emulation Viewing Processor Memory and Files Using Software Breakpoints Using Hardware Brea
83. his window to edit your code see MPLAB Editor on line help 4 5 USING SOFTWARE BREAKPOINTS MPLAB ICE 4000 uses software breakpoints to halt the processor at a specific location With a software breakpoint execution stops before the instruction at the break location is executed Note You cannot set software breakpoints in external Flash memory Use the complex trigger to set hardware breakpoints You can set software breakpoints in external RAM memory Some considerations when using software breakpoints If a software breakpoint is set then checksums calculated on program memory at run time will be incorrect Programmer checksums are not affected Manually resetting the time stamp when using software breakpoints will cause the time stamp to be incorrect Software breakpoints are a standard MPLAB IDE debug feature MPLAB IDE Help Using Breakpoints DS51490A page 22 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Basic Features 4 6 USING HARDWARE BREAKPOINTS In addition to setting software breakpoints on program memory addresses hardware breakpoints may be set with more complex conditions Also hardware breakpoints can be used to capture real time events With a hardware breakpoint execution halt may skid or one or more additional instructions may be executed past the set breakpoint before the processor halts Hardware breakpoints are set using the complex trigger The complex trigger can be set up to require that up
84. ia A nets 23 Trace Memory Window seessssee 53 Customization eeeeeeeeeeerrreerrerneen 55 Se Une DEE 56 Wi WING BEE 54 Transition Socket 8 9 Specification s eerren 3 10 TRE TEEN 76 TRGOU AAA WAA e t dn 76 Trigger COyGle tus a See tir eiaa 54 EV ee 37 External ii pu Ge 76 np ty ade e see eee et 76 In Out Settings AA TT 23 Internal eee 48 o tn dde ed ate ohn 76 Position ence alesis peed nets 34 41 Sequentl l tocarte cds iii 44 45 A A 36 TP a eth eee ean 33 TAI Sopa oda 48 Bee WEE 8 Troubleshbooting aaarnas 69 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Index U USB Cables 5 5 KANA uates 8 9 USB PO i tete ti te us 74 V Value of Opcode AAA 35 Viewing the Trace 54 WwW Warranty Registration ooooonnnnccnnnnnncccccnnnnnnccccccncnnnos 3 Watchdog Timer NDT 15 WWW Address 3 EA 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 91 MICROCHIP WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE AMERICAS Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd Chandler AZ 85224 6199 Tel 480 792 7200 Fax 480 792 7277 Technical Support 480 792 7627 Web Address www microchip com Atlanta 3780 Mansell Road Suite 130 Alpharetta GA 30022 Tel 770 640 0034 Fax 770 640 0307 Boston 2 Lan Drive Suite 120 Westford MA 01886 Tel 978 692 3848 Fax 978 692 3821 Chicago 333 Pierce Road Suite 180 Itasca
85. in several windows 7 2 HIGHLIGHTS This chapter covers Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads 7 3 CODE COVERAGE The code coverage feature provides visibility as to what portions of the code are being accessed fetched written or read This code is checkmarked in the Program Memory window Code coverage differs from traced code in the following way Trace displays code that has been executed and tells when it was executed Code coverage marks code that has been prefetched but does not display when it was prefetched Note Code coverage tags prefetched code regardless of whether or not it actually gets executed Therefore not all checkmarked code may have been executed See Section 7 3 2 Tracking Code This feature works by latching addresses as they appear on the bus Thus instructions that follow two cycle instructions that modify the program counter may not have been actually executed With code coverage enabled the next halt encountered by the emulator software breakpoint or halt command will cause ROM locations that have been fetched to be checkmarked in the Program Memory window Addresses transferred as a result of a table read TBLRD or table write TBLWR will be traced using this method To enable code coverage select Debugger gt Complex Triggers and Code Coverage Code Coverage tab 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 51 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide
86. ions for the device selected TABLE 8 5 LIMITATIONS TAB Device Selected Device selected in MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICE 4000 Limitations Text Box A brief list of emulator limitations for the device selected Details Detailed emulator limitations for the device selected dU AENA 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 61 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 13 SETTINGS DIALOG VIEW TAB Set viewing properties TABLE 8 6 VIEW TAB Analyzer Complex Trigger When the Complex Trigger Settings tab of the MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer Property Analyzer dialog is open it will always appear on top of other Sheet Always On Top MPLAB IDE windows or dialogs when this is checked If not When Opened checked the dialog can disappear behind other windows or dialogs Note The MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer dialog must be closed and then reopened for selections here to take effect Periodic Real Time Reads Enabled If checked real time memory reads will occur at intervals specified in the Read Period for registers specified in Apply To Read Period mS Specify a the period for memory reads Apply To Specify if all memory or only memory for those registers displayed in Watches is read Other Click Show State and Operations Gauge to open an emulator monitor window Section 4 10 Monitoring Emulator States and Operations 8 14 S
87. its Stack Overflow Debugger gt Settings Break Options tab Watchdog Timer Enabled or disabled break or reset Configure Configuration Bits Watchdog Timer Debugger gt Settings Break Options tab Mode Microcontroller Extended Microcontroller or Microprocessor Configure Configuration Bits Processor Mode Debugger gt Settings Memory tab Emulator Memory Target Memory MCHP Pull up Resistor Address range Address range or Not Used On emulator or on target board Configure Configuration Bits Processor Mode Debugger gt Settings Memory tab Configure Configuration Bits Processor Mode Debugger gt Settings Memory tab Debugger gt Settings Pins tab Availability dependent on device emulated Operation and Accessing portions of the window will display the current operation being performed by the emulator and what if any memory or functions are being accessed during this operation Items will change from gray to green highlighted when active You may select how quickly the window is updated with information using the Indicator Update Speed bar DS51490A page 26 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 5 External Memory Usage 5 1 INTRODUCTION Some Microchip devices allow the extension or replacement of program memory resources with external off chip memory devices Of these devices t
88. kpoints Using Trigger In Out Settings Using a Real Time Watch Using the Stopwatch Monitoring Emulator States and Operations 4 3 STARTING AND STOPPING EMULATION To debug an application in MPLAB IDE you must either build your source code into an executable file using projects and work spaces see MPLAB IDE on line help for more information or you must import an existing executable file using File gt Import Once you have your application in executable form you may run halt step through or reset your code e To run your code select either Debugger gt Run or Run from the Debug toolbar e To halt your code select either Debugger Halt or Halt from the Debug toolbar To step through your code select either Debugger gt Step Into or Step Into from the Debug toolbar Be careful not to step into a Sleep instruction or you will have to perform a processor reset to resume emulation Note You cannot step through external memory high level language code in the Program Memory or File window Use the Disassembly window e To step over a line of code select either Debugger Step Over or Step Over from the Debug toolbar To repeatedly step through your code select either Debugger gt Animate or Animate from the Debug toolbar 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 21 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide To perform a processor reset on your code select either Debugger gt Reset gt Processor Reset or Reset from the Debug
89. l hardware breakpoints When not Enable selected all hardware breakpoints are disabled Freeze Peripherals on This option freezes peripherals timers ports PWM etc on a halt Halt operation By default this option is on so that you will get a true picture of the status When Freeze Peripherals on Halt is on you can write to a port after a halt but you cannot read from the port until you perform a single step You may wish to turn this option off if a peripheral must continue to run after a halt This option facilitates troubleshooting of timers in situations when timers are continuing to get set reset and cleared after a halt Note If Freeze Peripherals On Halt is selected the I O port bits in the SFR or the watch windows will not update when single stepping Stack Full Underflow Operation When Enabled Stack Reset Display whether or not stack reset is enabled in the configuration bits Disable Stack When selected the stack full underflow warning message is Full Underflow Warning disabled However the halt or break on this condition is not disabled Reset On Full Underflow When selected causes the processor to reset as soon as a stack full or underflow occurs If you do not wish to reset the processor specifically for a stack full or underflow clear this switch Break On Full Underflow When selected causes the processor to halt as soon as a stack full or underflow occurs If you do not wish to stop proces
90. lowing you to save as a evt file trigger information for the active tab of the dialog There are several buttons on the Complex Trigger Settings tab with the following functions OK Accepts the current setting in the tab and closes the dialog e Cancel Closes the dialog without accepting the current settings Apply Accepts the current setting in the tab without closing the dialog e Help Brings up the on line help file to walk you through setting up a complex trigger 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 35 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide COMPLEX TRIGGER SETTINGS SYNTAX The following types of address specifications can be entered in one event level TABLE 6 1 COMPLEX TRIGGER ADDRESS SYNTAX Description Syntax Example Individual address addr Delay Address plus lt addr gt lt offset gt Delay 5 minus offset lt addr gt lt offset gt DelayEnd 2 Address range Two or more individual addresses or ranges lt addr1 gt lt addr2 gt lt addri gt lt addr2 gt lt rangel gt lt range2 gt Delay EndDelay Delay Delay 5 Delay EndDelay StartA EndA StartB EndB Everything outside an address range s lt addr1 gt lt addr2 gt Delay EndDelay Main Main 40 Each specified address can be either an absolute numeric address or a defined symbol Absolute addresses must be entered in hex with a leading numeric digit
91. lps You eee 7 1 5 MPLAB ICE 4000 Kit Components A 8 Chapter 2 Installation ZANA WO UE suis A tu ipd M d Lec A sd teres anes 9 Ke elle Tu 9 2 3 MPLAB ICE 4000 System Components ssesessssssssssssseeseeeeeeeees 9 2 4 Driver and Software Installation 10 2 5 Hardware Setup iot eee Lee a 11 2 6 Applying Power to the System Components uueeeussseesueesse 12 2 7 Applying Power to the System Components Low Voltage Emulation 12 2 9 Software Setup x32 ee en Re d osuere A Al eee 13 2 9 Removing Power From the System Components uueueueeesee 14 Chapter 3 General Set Up 3 1 le uge de custodiada cos 15 So PIIODHO DES Vets Sh cadre A E e aaah ch ANN iA 15 3 3 Checking Configuration Bit Values ssssseseeseeesseeeeessseeerreeererrrrrrrrrrrrrrenne 15 3 4 Configuring the Communications Port oocccccccccccnnccccnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnninnninnnin 16 3 5 Selecting Processor Power sssssssssssssssssseseseeeene eerte 16 3 6 Setting Up the Processor Clock oooooooooocccccccccccnnnonnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnns 17 3 7 Setting Up Miscellaneous Hardware ooooooococcccccccccncnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 18 3 8 Using MPLAB IDE Projects and Work Spaces ooocccccccccccccnonncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnno 19 Chapter 4 Basic Features 4 3 Introduction EE EE 21 elle IO 21 4 3 Starting and Stopping Emulation ooooococcicncncccccococcc
92. m and its user based solely on textual input and output Compiler A program that translates a source file written in a high level language into machine code Configuration Bits Special purpose bits programmed to set PlCmicro microcontroller modes of operation A configuration bit may or may not be preprogrammed Control Directives Directives in assembly language code that cause code to be included or omitted based on the assembly time value of a specified expression Cross Reference File A file that references a table of symbols and a list of files that references the symbol If the symbol is defined the first file listed is the location of the definition The remaining files contain references to the symbol Data Directives Data directives are those that control the assembler s allocation of program or data memory and provide a way to refer to data items symbolically that is by meaningful names Data Memory On Microchip MCU and DSC devices data memory RAM is comprised of general purpose registers GPRs and special function registers SFRs Some devices also have EEPROM data memory Device Programmer A tool used to program electrically programmable semiconductor devices such as microcontrollers Directives Statements in source code that provide control of the language tool s operation Download Download is the process of sending data from a host to another device such as an emulator programmer or target
93. m found in the Driversnn ICE4k_USB subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory where nn is the version of Windows OS Then return here to install the correct driver 1 Run the installation for the MPLAB IDE v6 xx software application on your PC You may obtain the installation executable from the Microchip web site or from the MPLAB IDE CD ROM available from Microchip 2 When the MPLAB IDE installation is complete the driver installation instructions will appear as well as a dialog that asks you to reboot Click Cancel in the dialog and follow the driver installation instructions If you accidentally close these instructions they may be found at MPLAB IDE installation directory Driversnn ICE4k_USB Ddice4knn htm where nn represents the version of Windows OS 3 Shut down your PC from the Start menu DS51490A page 10 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Installation 2 5 HARDWARE SETUP The PC MPLAB ICE 4000 and the target system should NOT be powered at this time 1 Plug the host to pod USB cable into the PC and then the pod Connect one end of the host to pod cable to the USB port on the PC chassis and connect the other end to the USB connector on the back of the MPLAB ICE 4000 pod 2 Plug the power cord into the pod Make certain that the emulator pod on off switch is in the O or off position before completing this step Note USB cannot power the emulat
94. m the target board make sure it is always present or the emulator will not function properly If the device adapter is plugged into an unpowered target board there may still be some leakage current through Vcc of the device adapter MPLAB IDE may also have difficulty initializing the emulator when power has not yet been applied to the target board DS51490A page 16 2004 Microchip Technology Inc General Set Up 3 5 3 Low Voltage Emulation MPLAB ICE 4000 also supports LOW VOLTAGE emulation down to 2 5V The emulator system cannot provide any voltage level other than 5V to the emulator processor In this configuration power must be supplied by the target board see Section 3 5 2 Processor Power from Target Board Before using low voltage check the limitations for your selected device Some devices allow emulator pins to come up as output high instead of input Make certain you do not allow the emulated device to do this if your application cannot tolerate 5V 3 6 SETTING UP THE PROCESSOR CLOCK MPLAB ICE 4000 can use the on board clock with either emulator or target power or it can use the target board clock with target board power 3 6 1 Using the On board Clock MPLAB ICE 4000 has an on board clock that can be programmed to a frequency between 32 kHz and 100 MHz Refer to the specific device s data sheet to determine the supported frequency range 1 Select an Oscillator Type Section 3 3 3 Oscillator Setting
95. n Branch 13F 3 No 295 Sec 2 Kung Fu Road Hsinchu City 300 Taiwan Tel 886 3 572 9526 Fax 886 3 572 6459 EUROPE Austria Durisolstrasse 2 A 4600 Wels Austria Tel 43 7242 2244 399 Fax 43 7242 2244 393 Denmark Regus Business Centre Lautrup hoj 1 3 Ballerup DK 2750 Denmark Tel 45 4420 9895 Fax 45 4420 9910 France Parc d Activite du Moulin de Massy 43 Rue du Saule Trapu Batiment A ler Etage 91300 Massy France Tel 33 1 69 53 63 20 Fax 33 1 69 30 90 79 Germany Steinheilstrasse 10 D 85737 Ismaning Germany Tel 49 89 627 144 0 Fax 49 89 627 144 44 Italy Via Salvatore Quasimodo 12 20025 Legnano MI Milan Italy Tel 39 0331 742611 Fax 39 0331 466781 Netherlands Waegenburghtplein 4 NL 5152 JR Drunen Netherlands Tel 31 416 690399 Fax 31 416 690340 United Kingdom 505 Eskdale Road Winnersh Triangle Wokingham Berkshire England RG41 5TU Tel 44 118 921 5869 Fax 44 118 921 5820 07 12 04 DS51490A page 92 2004 Microchip Technology Inc
96. nal memory information that you may enter is Address Optional A single Event may specify one or more addresses This can be either a Program Memory or Data Memory address Opcode or Value Optional The actual value of an opcode the data for a table read write operation or the value of a file register Also select whether the opcode value is expressed as Symbolic Binary or Hex adecimal Other triggering information that you may enter is Probes Optional A value on the external logic probe inputs Also select whether the value is expressed as Binary or Hex adecimal Pass Counter or Captured Events A Pass Counter counts the number of times the event must occur before proceeding to the next event Pass Counters are available only with Sequential or Time Between Events triggers A Captured Event counts the number of times a captured event must occur before proceeding to the next event You may select an infinite number of events with a check box Captured Events are available only with the Filter Trace trigger Clear Event Clears the current trigger information in the active tab Load Event Opens the Load Current Trigger Level dialog allowing you to load a evt file with trigger information for the active tab of the dialog Note You may also load an MPLAB ICE 2000 file 1 but you can only save it as an MPLAB ICE 4000 file evt Save Event Opens the Save Current Trigger Level dialog al
97. nce d ust 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 5 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide NOTES DS51490A page 6 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 1 Overview 1 4 INTRODUCTION An overview of the MPLAB ICE 4000 system is given 1 2 HIGHLIGHTS This chapter discusses MPLAB ICE 4000 Defined How MPLAB ICE 4000 Helps You MPLAB ICE 4000 Kit Components 1 3 MPLAB ICE 4000 DEFINED MPLAB ICE 4000 is an In Circuit Emulator ICE designed to emulate PIC18X microcontroller MCU devices and dsPIC digital signal controller DSC devices It uses the latest emulation processors to provide full speed emulation and visibility into both the instruction and the data paths during execution MPLAB ICE 4000 performs basic functions such as run halt single step and software breakpoints plus advanced features such as instruction address data monitoring instruction data trace complex triggering and code coverage and extended memory access MPLAB ICE 4000 support is integrated into MPLAB IDE v6 xx Microchip s 32 bit Integrated Development Environment IDE The MPLAB IDE desktop provides an environment for developing and debugging your application This document covers the basic setup and operation of the MPLAB ICE 4000 emulator but it does not cover all functions of MPLAB
98. ncel Apply Help Pass Counter does not apply grayed out for this event selection as event timing is not necessary for triggering 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 39 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 6 4 Filter Trace Figure 6 5 shows the Filter subtab of the Complex Trigger Settings tab for Time Between Events selection This event selection is used in conjunction with the trace memory window 1 SelectFilter Trace to specify the events that will be captured by the trace memory window 2 To select sequential events to proceed the trace click on a tab to enter information about an event Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 3 To perform a continuous trace click on Infinite Events Filter FIGURE 6 5 COMPLEX TRIGGER FILTER TRACE SELECTION MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E 21x Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status 2 gt Eventi Event 2 Event 3 Filter Trigger Type A e i Memory y r Operation Sequential f Puch C Al Events 3 Program 2 etel C Any Event IEEE Data Table Read 1 gt Filter Trace C Table Wiite Iw c Time Between Events Address y r Trigger Position Pastoral BS pcode I C C Symbolic C Binary e Hex r Probes r Halt Logic Probes On Trigger Bro Cones 1 On Cycles After Trigger Captured E On Trace Buffer Full Sree Sp 1 Infinite Events IV Ignore
99. ngs dialog Depending on the device you have chosen these tabs may or may not be available and may look different for different devices 3 7 1 Settings Dialog Break Options Tab Use the Break Options tab to change the global break and trace point environment options These include Global Hardware Break Enable for complex trigger usage and Freeze Peripherals on Halt If enabled in the configuration bits Configure gt Configuration Bits you may set stack and watchdog timer break options 3 7 2 Settings Dialog Memory Tab Some parts allow device memory to be supplemented or replaced by off chip external memory Memory modes are selected using configuration bits Configure Configuration Bits Devices that support Microcontroller mode only do not have a Memory tab Devices that support Extended Microcontroller mode and or Microprocessor mode will display the Memory tab Note There are several limitations concerning external memory some of them device dependent Please see the limitations section of the on line help file for more information aa LLLLLLILLLILIIAJG1 U Am G ua ro Jss so rcr DS51490A page 18 2004 Microchip Technology Inc General Set Up 3 7 3 Settings Dialog Pins Tab Set up processor pins such as the MCLR pull up resistor connection Also set up the emulator operation to preserve user s external bus access method w
100. nitial caps A window dialog or menu selection Configuration Bits window Settings dialog Enable Programmer Quotes A field name in a window or dialog Save files before running the debugger Underlined italic text A menu selection path File Save with right arrow Bold characters A dialog button or tab OK button Power tab Characters in angle A key on the keyboard lt Tab gt lt Ctrl C gt brackets lt gt Code References Courier font Plain characters File names and paths c autoexec bat Bit values 0 1 Sample code define START Square brackets Optional arguments mpasmwin main asm Curly brackets and pipe Choice of mutually exclusive argu errorlevel 0 1 character ments An OR selection Italic characters A variable argument it can be either a pic30 gcc filename type of data in lower case characters or a specific example in uppercase characters Ellipses Replaces repeated instances of text list list_option list option Oxnnnn A hexadecimal number where n is a OxFFFF 0x007A Ox1A hexadecimal digit pnnnn A binary number where n is a digit b00100 b10 Documentation Updates All documentation becomes dated and this user s guide is no exception Since Microchip tools and documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs some actual dialogs and or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document Please refer to
101. nte On Trace Buffer Full eg IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear All _Clear Event Load All Save All Load Event Saye Event Cancel Apply Help Pass Counter does not apply grayed out for this event selection as event timing is not necessary for triggering DS51490A page 38 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers 6 6 3 Any Event Figure 6 4 shows an Event subtab of the Complex Trigger Settings tab for Any Event selection 1 Select Any Event if any single event will generate the trigger 2 Click on a tab to enter information about each event Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 FIGURE 6 4 COMPLEX TRIGGER ANY EVENT SELECTION MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E A xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Eventi Event2 Event 3 Event4 m Trigger Type 19 7 C Sequential E m Memory r eae C Al Events f Program P zen 16 AnyEvent fe Data Table Read C Filter Trace I Table Write C T Time Between E vents Aina pa Trigger Position Position Center y Opcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Bina Hex Probes Halt Logic Probes On Trigger G brn nee T On Cycles After Trigger ERU On Trace Buffer Full Fo IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear Event Ceara Lem Evert Load All Save Al Load Event Save Event Ca
102. o the emulator pod CAUTION Insert the processor module BEFORE turning on the emulator pod DO NOT insert a processor module with power applied to the pod 4 Apply power to the target application circuit DS51490A page 12 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Installation 2 8 SOFTWARE SETUP 1 2 3 Launch MPLAB IDE v6 xx From the Configure menu select Select Device In this dialog choose the device you will be emulating and click OK From the Debugger menu select Select Tool and then MPLAB ICE 4000 to enable the emulator Note If you cannot select the emulator as the debug tool please see Appendix A Troubleshooting Once you have selected MPLAB ICE 4000 debug options will appear on the Debugger menu Note Itis recommended that you not have a programmer enabled at the same time as the emulator See Appendix A Troubleshooting for more information The default port setting is USB ICEUSB O If you wish to change this settings you may do so on the Port tab of the Debugger gt Settings dialog See Section 3 4 Configuring the Communications Port for more information MPLAB ICE 4000 allows the emulator processor module to be powered by either the emulator pod or the target system This is set up in MPLAB IDE as follows Emulator pod Debugger gt Settings Power tab Processor Power From Emulator Target system Debugger gt Settings Power tab Processor Power F
103. odule inserts into two slots on top of the emulator pod It contains the hardware necessary to emulate a specific device or family of devices For more information on processor modules see the MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification DS51298 The device adapter is connected to the processor module by the flex circuit cable Device adapters are interchangeable assemblies that allow the emulator to interface to a target application system Device adapters also have control logic that allows the target application to provide a clock source and power to the processor module For more information on processor modules see the MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specification DS51298 The transition socket is connected to the device adapter Transition sockets are available in various styles to allow a common device adapter to be connected to one of the supported surface mount package styles For more information on transition sockets see the MPLAB ICE Transition Socket Specification DS51194 The logic probes may be connected into the logic probe connector on the emulator pod DRIVER AND SOFTWARE INSTALLATION Do not allow Windows OS to pick a communications driver i e the emulator will not work and you will then have to uninstall the Windows driver so you may install the proper Microchip driver If you have allowed the Windows driver to install follow the directions in the file MPUsbClean ht
104. off the pod and then turning it back on If a condition persists please contact Microchip support B 6 2 Status LED Green LED Condition On Processor module inserted correctly Blink Processor module not inserted completely or correctly This LED will turn on when the processor module is not inserted completely or correctly If this LED is on turn off the power and remove and reinsert the processor module B 6 3 Halt LED Red LED Condition On Processor is halted Off Processor is running This LED will be on when the processor is halted This LED and the Power LED should be on after MPLAB ICE 4000 has been chosen as the development mode from the MPLAB IDE The function of this LED is the compliment of the Run LED B 6 4 Run LED Green LED Condition On Processor is running Off Processor is halted Blink Processor executes single step This LED will be on when the processor is actually running and will blink momentarily when a single step is executed The function of this LED is the compliment of the Halt LED 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 75 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide B 7 LOGIC PROBES The 14 pin connector Figure B 3 on the front panel of the MPLAB ICE 4000 emulator Figure B 2 provides power ground an external break input a trigger input a trigger output and up to eight trace trigger inputs FIGURE B 3
105. or pod i e MPLAB ICE 4000 must be run with the supplied external power supply 3 Plug the power cord into an outlet 4 Plug the processor module into the emulator pod Insert the processor module firmly onto the top of the MPLAB ICE 4000 pod 5 Ifa target board will be used with the MPLAB ICE 4000 system a Connect the end of the flex circuit cable marked emulation module to the processor module b Connect the end of the flex circuit cable marked device adapter to the device adapter To later remove the flex cable from either the processor module or device adapter grip and pull up or push down on the stiffener DO NOT twist off PULL UP OR PUSH DOWN DO NOT TWIST c Plug the device adapter into the transition socket on your target application Make sure the target application powers the transition socket according the electrical specs for the device to be emulated d Connect the logic probes Plug the logic probes into the logic probe connector found on the front of the emulator pod 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 11 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 2 6 APPLYING POWER TO THE SYSTEM COMPONENTS To prevent damage to any of the subsystem or target application parts power up the system components as specified below Damage to the emulator system and or target application may occur if these steps are not followed Note When power is suppli
106. ote When triggering on multiple events keep in mind that triggers on data memory accesses are skewed two cycles from the instructions that caused them 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 41 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 6 5 Figure 6 6 shows the Start Timer subtab of the Complex Trigger Settings tab for Time Between Events selection This event selection is used in conjunction with the trace memory window Time Between Events 1 Select Time Between Events to specify a starting and terminating event 2 Click on a tab to enter information about sequential events to proceed Start Timer Event 1 Event 2 events for starting and stopping the timer Start Timer Stop Timer FIGURE 6 6 COMPLEX TRIGGER TIME BETWEEN EVENTS SELECTION MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer SC A324 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Dut Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status 2 gt Eventl Event 2 Start Timer stalel r Trigger Type r Operation i m Memory LIS tial e npn S Program Fetch C Table Read C Any Event TOT C Data C Table Write C Filter Trace PEN C Bo a gt Time Between Events epes y Trigger Position Position End M Opcode C Symbolic C Binary Hex Cycles Traced After Trigger io Probes Halt Logic Probes On Trigger G Bir C Hey 1 On Cycles After Trigger CS On Trace Buffer Full SEMEN IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Cl
107. ounter location is also represented as a pointer in the Program Memory window While the processor is running the Step and Run buttons are disabled Animate Continually Step Into instructions Halt using Debugger gt Halt Halt Force the processor into the halt state When you click Halt the processor is forced into a Halt state Program Counter is stopped and the processor status information is updated Step Into Single step the processor This command executes one processor instruction single or multiple cycle instructions and then puts the processor back into halt state After execution of one instruction all the windows are updated with the current state of the processor While the processor runs in real time MPLAB IDE ignores the Step button Note Be careful about the instructions you are stepping into If you step into a Sleep instruction you will need to select Debugger gt Reinitialize ICE Hardware in order to wake up the processor module Step Over Execute the instruction at the current program counter location At a call instruction Step Over executes the called subroutine and halts at the address following the call Step Out Step out of current location in a function and return to main program Reset Issue a reset sequence to the target processor either Brown Out Reset Power On Reset or Processor Reset These reset the Program Counter to the reset vector If the processor is running it will continue running
108. outside the Emulator Range the Emulator Range Emulator Memory Emulator Memory 000000h 01FFFFh 000000h 01FFFFh 001FOOh 001FFFh 100000h 1FFEFFh Target Board Memory Target Board Memory Mapped Memory Mapped Memory The amount of emulator and target supplied memory will display in Emulator Supplied and Target Supplied under ICE Memory Mapping respectively In order to communicate with the target board memory you will need to set up the external memory interface under Target 16 Bit Access Mode Select the access mode Word Write Byte Select or Byte Write and a table read write Wait time in cycles For more information see the MEMCON register under the External Memory Interface section of the device data sheet 5 4 3 2 EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY ON TARGET BOARD To use a combination of emulator and target memory or all target memory select On Target Board under External Off Chip Program Memory The amount of emulator and target supplied memory will display in Emulator Supplied and Target Supplied under ICE Memory Mapping respectively In order to communicate with the target board memory you will need to set up the external memory interface under Target 16 Bit Access Mode Select the access mode Word Write Byte Select or Byte Write and a table read write Wait time in cycles For more information see the MEMCON register under the External Memory Interface section of the device data sheet 5 4 8 3
109. p the emulator hardware Emulator Operation and Usage Enable Clip on Emulation This feature not yet implemented on Target Board Device For target dsPIC device in proper mode emulate using target device 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 67 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 19 SETTINGS DIALOG PERIPHERAL TAB Set up which peripherals will freeze on halt Other options may be available depending on device selected 8 20 OTHER DIALOGS WINDOWS Other dialogs and windows added to MPLAB IDE are Breakpoint Dialog Set multiple software breakpoints in this dialog Section 4 5 Using Software Breakpoints MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer Properties Dialog Set up Complex Trigger Settings Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers Trigger In Out Settings Section 4 7 Using Trigger In Out Settings and Code Coverage Section 7 3 Code Coverage Stopwatch Dialog Set up the stopwatch Section 4 9 Using the Stopwatch ICE Trace Window View the contents of the Trace buffer Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads e e e DS51490A page 68 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Appendix A Troubleshooting A 1 INTRODUCTION This section is designed to help you troubleshoot any problems errors or issues you encounter while using MPLAB ICE 4000 If none of this information helps you please see the Prefac
110. page 31 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide NOTES DS51490A page 32 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers 6 1 INTRODUCTION In addition to the break and trigger functions discussed in Chapter 4 Basic Features MPLAB ICE 4000 has more advanced triggering features These include complex triggers for all devices and internal triggers for dsPIC devices 6 2 HIGHLIGHTS This chapter covers Complex Triggers Internal Triggers 63 COMPLEX TRIGGERS MPLAB ICE 4000 has a highly flexible and powerful triggering mechanism A trigger is a combination of events that can cause a hardware breakpoint and or e a trace memory capture An event is a description of the state of the system captured during one cycle In addition an external signal can be generated when the trigger occurs This is useful for synchronizing other analyzers or equipment to MPLAB ICE 4000 Complex trigger functions may be set using the Complex Trigger Settings tab of the MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer dialog Note You must enable the Global Hardware Break Enable Debugger gt Settings Break Options tab to use complex triggering Complex Trigger Settings Complex Trigger Settings Syntax Trigger Type Selection Memory Selection Complex Triggering Examples 6 4 COMPLEX TRIGGER SETTINGS Complex triggers can be specified by selecting Debugger Complex Triggers
111. pture the actual data values with a filter The first is to filter on the routine that does the R W This will generate some extra cycles but will collect the proper information The second is to make code that will generate two R W cycles to the same location one of which does not affect the actual data For instance the register can be ANDed with a value of OxFF to generate the extra cycle like this test movlw OxFF movwf LSDigit testl decfsz LSDigit andwf LSDigit generate extra read w to LSDigit goto testi 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 47 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 9 INTERNAL TRIGGERS dsPIC processor modules have additional circuitry so that internal triggers may be set in addition to external ones complex triggers dsPIC internal triggers may be set up using the Internal Triggers tab on the MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer dialog Define Event A B C and or D under Breakpoint Event Criteria Then set up event triggering by clicking on either the interactive diagram or the check boxes FIGURE 6 15 INTERNAL TRIGGERS TAB MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer m 2 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Intemal Triggers OR Group AND Group Break A Break Break B Break B Break C Break C Break D Break D r Event Sequencing Sequencing Dff A conditional on B Isi B conditional on C C conditional on D m Application E Link with
112. r definitions of functions P m p e m ee Halt Animate Step Into Step Over Step Out Reset An additional toolbar is available to the right of the standard toolbar with more emulator functions Hover the mouse pointer over a toolbar button to see a pop up of the function Right click on the toolbar to customize it 8 7 STATUS BAR The selected debug tool MPLAB ICE 4000 as well as other development information is displayed in the status bar on the bottom of the MPLAB ICE desktop Refer to the MPLAB IDE on line help for information on the contents of the status bar 8 8 ADDITIONAL COMMANDS DIALOG DATA FILL TAB This tab allows you to fill data memory as specified below TABLE 8 1 FILL FILE REGISTER DATA MEMORY Randomize all locations Write pseudo random numbers to all data memory locations Fill all locations with value Write the value specified in the text box to all data memory locations Use values from file Write the values found in the file specified below to all data memory locations To save the values specified to a file click Save As to save to a por file Fill Data Execute the write to data memory 8 9 ADDITIONAL COMMANDS DIALOG FORCE OPCODE TAB This tab allows you to force an opcode to be executed at the current position of halted program execution TABLE 8 2 FORCE OPCODE TAB Instruction Enter or select instruction Entry Is Specify whether instr
113. race buffer was displayed after a user halt a software breakpoint or a complex trigger that halted the processor the trigger point will be the last traced cycle If a complex trigger filled the trace buffer without halting the processor the trigger point will show the approximate cycle when the complex trigger fired DS51490A page 54 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads 7 4 2 The Trace Memory Window Menu Right click in the Trace menu to show a menu with the following functions Close Close the trace buffer window Find Open the Find Text dialog Find Next Find next occurrence of text in Find Text dialog Go To Move to the line corresponding to the cycle entered here Jump to Trigger Move to the line where the trigger occurred Jump to Top Move to the first line of the trace buffer Jump to Bottom Move to the last line of the trace buffer Reload Reload the trace information from the emulator Reset Time Stamp Specify when to reset time stamp either on processor reset on run or manually Or you may reset the time stamp immediately Display Time Specify how to display time as cycle count in seconds elapsed or in engineering format Symbolic Disassembly View the Instructions as symbolic disassembly Output to File Output the contents of the trace buffer to an ASCII text file Print Print the contents of the trace buffer to a file
114. rd Data X Data Destination Address and Word Data Y Data Source Address and Word Data X Data Source Address and Byte Data X Data Destination Address and Byte Data Program Address Address Only Table Read Address Only Table Write Address Only PSV X Data Source Address Only PSV X Data Destination Address Only See the device data sheet for more information on memory organization i e program and data address space Currently unimplemented feature Select a Pass Count mode either Ignore Pass Count Observe Pass Count Bus Cycle Delay Count After Event Pass Count Enter a pass count value Program Data Address Enter a program or data address Data Value Enter a data value if needed 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 49 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide NOTES DS51490A page 50 2004 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICE 4000 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads 7 1 INTRODUCTION For MPLAB ICE 4000 a mechanism to determine what portions of the code are being accessed fetched written or read is available Code coverage may be set using the Code Coverage tab on the MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer dialog Using trace executed code may be captured into a trace buffer and displayed in the trace memory window View gt CE Trace Using real time reads data may be captured real time and displayed
115. red Events When viewing the trace memory window all instances of the delay code should be gone FIGURE 6 14 FILTER TRACE MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer 2 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Eventi Event 2 Event Fiter m Trigger Type C Sequential Bici r P een C All Events e Program e a C Any Event E Data able Rea Filter Trace C Table Write em ala aie Address Delay EndDelay M Trigger Position 1 Position End v pcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binary Hex 10 j Probes Halt Logic Probes On Trigger Bir ier T On Cycles After Trigger On Trace Buffer Full Captured Event fi Iv Infinite Events Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear All Clear Event Load All Save All Load Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help 6 8 5 Filter Trace Example Data Memory How do filter on data memory Filtering on PlCmicro file register reads and writes will result in the collection of the cycles immediately following the R W While this is not exactly the information you are looking for it does provide two data points 1 The program memory after the R W occurred so you can track down places in your code that affect a particular variable or SFR 2 The number of times the R W occurred providing you with a count of the collected cycles There are two ways to ca
116. ries to create executable code Archiver A tool that creates and manipulates libraries ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange is a character set encoding that uses 7 binary digits to represent each character It includes upper and lower case letters digits symbols and control characters Assembler A language tool that translates assembly language source code into machine code Assembly Language A programming language that describes binary machine code in a symbolic form Asynchronous Stimulus Data generated to simulate external inputs to a simulator device Breakpoint Hardware An event whose execution will cause a halt 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 77 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Breakpoint Software An address where execution of the firmware will halt Usually achieved by a special break instruction Build Compile and link all the source files for an application C A general purpose programming language which features economy of expression modern control flow and data structures and a rich set of operators Calibration Memory A special function register or registers used to hold values for calibration of a PICmicro microcontroller on board RC oscillator or other device peripherals COFF Common Object File Format An object file of this format contains machine code debugging and other information Command Line Interface A means of communication between a progra
117. rochip Technology Inc DS51490A page 23 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide FIGURE 4 1 TRIGGER IN OUT SETTINGS TAB Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Ze Pulsed on final trigger event Pulsed on filtered trace Trigger Out Source Break On External Trigger Input Enable je ya Freeze trace buffer on rising edge of trigger input Cancel Apply Help 4 7 1 Trigger Out Source TRGOUT Select either Pulsed on final trigger event or Pulsed on filtered trace If you select Pulsed on final trigger event the pulse will only occur on the final event If you want a repeating pulse every time an event occurs select Pulsed on filtered trace 4 7 2 Break On External Trigger Input TRGIN Select Enable break on external trigger input and then specify the following Break on a specified rising or falling edge of an external trigger input Freeze trace buffer on rising edge of trigger input TRGIN Select Freeze trace buffer on rising edge of trigger input if you wish to freeze the trace buffer on the rising edge of the external trigger input 4 8 USING A REAL TIME WATCH Watch window variables will be updated real time if bus access read write occurs that affects those variables However increments or decrements of the variables will not cause an updates For more information on watch windows please refer to documentation for MPLAB IDE v6 xx or greater
118. rom Target Board Note You must select Processor Power From Target Board when using low voltage emulation See Section 3 5 Selecting Processor Power for more information Also refer to the MPLAB ICE 4000 Processor Module and Device Adapter Specifica tion for processor module power requirements before configuring the system for target system power When connecting to a target application system you may notice a voltage level on the target application even though you have not yet applied power to the tar get application circuit This is normal and is due to current leakage of protection diodes through Vcc of the Device Adapter The current leakage will typically be less than 20 mA However if the target application is using a voltage regulator it should be noted that some regulators require the use of an external shunt diode between VIN and VOUT for reverse bias protection Refer to the manufacture s data sheets for additional information MPLAB ICE 4000 should now be ready for you to use as an emulator If you have had problems please consult Appendix A Troubleshooting Otherwise proceed to the next chapter for additional software setup considerations 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 13 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 2 9 REMOVING POWER FROM THE SYSTEM COMPONENTS To prevent damage to any of the subsystem or target application parts power down the system components as specified below Damag
119. s 2 Select the Clock tab on the Debugger gt Settings dialog 3 Select the Desired Frequency magnitude MHz kHz or Hz and enter the Desired Frequency Refer to the specific device s data sheet to determine the supported frequency range for each oscillator type Note f you enter a frequency that is out of range your system will not operate properly 4 Click Apply The clock will be programmed to operate as close to the entered frequency as possible Since the generated clock frequency will be slightly different than the desired clock frequency the Actual Frequency will be displayed The Actual Frequency will be within 0 596 of the desired frequency 3 6 1 1 PLL If the Oscillator mode has a HW PLL associated with it the run time frequency will be the desired frequency Example To emulate a target with a 5 MHz HS crystal while using HW PLL mode set the desired frequency to 20 MHz For parts e g PIC18F8680 that support SW enabled PLL please do not enter a frequency that when multiplied by 4 would go over the maximum speed the emulator supports Consult the device limitations to see how PLL is emulated for your selected device 3 6 1 2 VERIFY FREQUENCY To verify the clock frequency you can set up a complex trigger and then measure the trigger output pulse width one instruction cycle of the TRIGOUT logic probe Section B 7 Logic Probes in frequency and multiply by 4 i A aa EA AA AAA AA O 2004 Microchip
120. s executing the current instruction However if the current instruction changes the program counter this prefetched instruction is explicitly ignored causing a forced NOP cycle DS51490A page 34 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Complex and Internal Triggers Suppose a project has the following source code RoutineA code for RoutineA gt RETLW 0 RoutineB code for RoutineB gt RETLW 0 When the RETLW statement of Rout ineA is executed a prefetch of the next instruction in the address space the first instruction in Rout ineB is performed This prefetched instruction will not be executed but the program memory address does appear on the bus If a trigger is set at program memory address RoutineB the prefetch done during the execution of the RETLW in RoutineA will cause the trigger to fire To prevent this check the Ignore FNOP Cycles check box Two points to consider when using this check box are Depending on the processor module the trigger may skid two additional cycles Clear All Clears the current trigger information in all tabs Load All Opens the Load All Trigger Definitions dialog allowing you to load a trg file with trigger information for all tabs of the dialog Save All Opens the Save All Trigger Definitions dialog allowing you to save as a trg file trigger information for all tabs of the dialog For information on memory access selection see Section 6 7 Memory Selection Additio
121. sing specifically for a stack full or underflow clear this switch Watchdog Timer Operation When Enabled WDT Display whether or not watchdog timer is enabled in the configuration bits Reset On Overflow When selected resets the processor when the watchdog timer times out Break On Overflow When selected halts the processor when the watchdog timer times out Enable Warning on WDT Check to enable the display of a Warning message when the WDT Expiration Break times out and breaks your code execution Uncheck to not display this message 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 65 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 8 17 SETTINGS DIALOG MEMORY TAB Set up external off chip program memory for devices which have this feature available For more information see Chapter 5 External Memory Usage TABLE 8 12 MEMORY TAB External Off Chip Program Memory Mode Supplied by Emulator Display the Memory mode selected in the configuration bits If the mode selected supports external memory selecting this option causes external memory to be supplied by the emulator You may wish to use this option because of speed issues no external connection delays while developing your code Also select any Memory Mapped Peripheral Range and its associated Target 16 bit Access mode On Target Board If the mode selected supports external memory selecting this option causes external memory to b
122. software Chapter 3 General Set Up Setting up MPLAB ICE 4000 for use with MPLAB IDE Chapter 4 Basic Features A description of the basic features of MPLAB ICE 4000 i e run halt reset single step etc Chapter 5 External Memory Usage A description of PIC18F8XXX external memory modes and how they are supported on the emulator Chapter 6 Complex and Internal Triggers A description of complex triggers and dsPIC internal triggers Complex trigger examples are also given Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads A description of code coverage emulator trace and real time reads Chapter 8 Emulator Function Summary A summary of emulator functions available in MPLAB IDE when MPLAB ICE 4000 is chosen as the debug tool Appendix A Troubleshooting How to solve common problems with MPLAB ICE 4000 operation Appendix B Pod Electrical Specification The electrical specifications and description of the emulator pod Glossary A glossary of terms used 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 1 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Conventions Used in this Guide This manual uses the following documentation conventions DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS Description Represents Examples Main Document Arial font Italic characters Referenced books MPLAB IDE User s Guide Emphasized text is the only compiler Interface References Arial font I
123. specification of titles pagination and other listing control Listing File A listing file is an ASCII text file that shows the machine code generated for each C source statement assembly instruction assembler directive or macro encountered in a source file Local Label A local label is one that is defined inside a macro with the LOCAL directive These labels are particular to a given instance of a macro s instantiation In other words the symbols and labels that are declared as local are no longer accessible after the ENDM macro is encountered 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 81 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide Logic Probes Up to 14 logic probes can be connected to some Microchip emulators The logic probes provide external trace inputs trigger output signal 5V and a common ground Machine Code The representation of a computer program that is actually read and interpreted by the processor A program in binary machine code consists of a sequence of machine instructions possibly interspersed with data The collection of all possible instructions for a particular processor is known as its instruction set Machine Language A set of instructions for a specific central processing unit designed to be usable by a processor without being translated Macro Macroinstruction An instruction that represents a sequence of instructions in abbreviated form Macro Directives Directives that control the ex
124. stablish communications If so there may be a problem with the target power 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 69 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide MPLAB ICE 4000 driver not loaded on installation If you did not install the MPLAB ICE 4000 driver according to the instructions displayed at MPLAB IDE installation and a standard Windows driver has been used instead MPLAB ICE 4000 will not work Follow the directions in the file MPUsbClean htm found in the DriversnnNICEAk USB subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory where nn is the version of Windows OS Then go to Section 2 4 Driver and Software Installation to install the correct driver Cannot select MPLAB ICE 4000 from MPLAB IDE Debug menu For some operating systems like Windows XP you may have to wait up to 10 seconds from the time you power your USB device until the device is recognized by the operating system and thus allows MPLAB IDE to see it Single stepping extremely slow when programmer enabled When using MPLAB ICE 4000 to emulate a part with EEDATA if you have a programmer enabled your stepping through code will be very slow Disable to the programmer to speed up stepping time The slowdown occurs because the programmer must attach to the entire range of EEDATA so it can be programmed The debugger seeing that someone is attached to the EEDATA whether a programmer or EEDATA Display will read back the entire range after each step in case the
125. t 2 and on down to the final Trigger event If only one trigger event is specified and it is placed in Event 1 extra instruction cycles will be executed while the emulator determines that Event 2 Event 3 and the Trigger event have been satisfied Therefore always right justify the trigger specification that is use the right most event tabs first EENEG 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 37 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 6 2 All Events Figure 6 3 shows an Event subtab of the Complex Trigger Settings tab for All Events selection 1 Select All Events if each event must occur in any order to generate the trigger The trigger will be generated when the final event occurs 2 Click on a tab to enter information about each event Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 FIGURE 6 3 COMPLEX TRIGGER ALL EVENTS SELECTION MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E 3 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status 2 gt Event1 Event2 Event3 Event4 r Trigger Type C Sequential Ei Memory remm 1 2 AlEvents E Program Fetch pe LC any Event C Data C Table Read C Filter Trace ii C Table Write C Time Between Events oe _ Trigger Position ge Position Center k Opcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binay Hex Probes Halt Logic Probes On Trigger G Bi CUT On Cycles After Trigger E ass Cou
126. the trace memory window can be used to perform the following functions Filter Trace Time Between Events 6 6 1 Sequential Figure 6 2 shows the Trigger subtab of the Complex Trigger Settings tab for Sequential event selection 1 Select Sequential if each event must occur in sequence to generate the trigger 2 Click ona tab to enter information about each event Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 and the trigger event Trigger FIGURE 6 2 COMPLEX TRIGGER SEQUENTIAL EVENT SELECTION MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E 2 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Dut Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Trigger Trigger Type S 7 1 Sequential EN EI CI C Al Events EL Program p etel C Any Event d C Data Table Read C Filter Trace pa Table Write PT E as Between Sun d pee 4 Trigger Position Position Center Opcode Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic C Binay Hex 16384 r Probes r Halt Logic Probes re On Trigger E Brn WI He On Cycles After Trigger ae On Trace Buffer Full SES OU ROI 1 IV Ignore FNOP Cycles Clear Event Clear All _Dear Event Load All Saveall_ _LoadEvent Save Event Cancel Apply Help Keep in mind that for sequential triggers the emulator will wait until Event 1 is satisfied before proceeding to Even
127. toolbar Additional resets such as POR BOR MCLR and System may be available depending on device Remember to rebuild your program when making changes so the code being executed accurately reflects the current state of your application 4 4 VIEWING PROCESSOR MEMORY AND FILES MPLAB IDE provides several standard windows for viewing debug and various processor memory information selectable from the View menu See MPLAB IDE on line help for more information on using these windows Project view the project tree Output view output from build and other tools Hardware Stack view the hardware stack contents Program Memory view program memory contents File Registers view file register contents EEPROM view the EEPROM memory contents Watch view selected SFRs and symbols Special Function Registers view SFR contents e e e e e In addition you may view trace results For more on trace see Chapter 7 Code Coverage Trace Memory Real Time Reads CE Trace view the contents of the trace buffer To view your source code select File gt Open and enter or browse for the source code file Code in this window is color coded according to the processor and build tool selected To change the style of color coding click the right mouse button and select Advanced Text Mode To change the colors used click the right mouse button and select Properties Text tab For information on using t
128. uction is mnemonic or a hex value View Click Check to view the resulting opcode in hex Run Click Execute to execute the opcode Status Status will show the result of an execution run Note Two word instructions are not supported DS51490A page 60 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Emulator Function Summary 8 10 SETTINGS DIALOG PORT TAB Select either a USB connection between the MPLAB ICE 4000 and the PC For more information on communications see Section 3 4 Configuring the Communications Port TABLE 8 3 USB PORT SELECTION ICEUSB n Select USB port ICEUSB n where n 0 1 2 or 3 for MPLAB ICE 4000 to PC communications Default ICEUSB 0 Other ICEUSB Select a USB port other than those specified above Allow Auto Connection Allow MPLAB IDE to automatically connect to the MPLAB ICE 4000 8 11 SETTINGS DIALOG INFO TAB View information about the emulator system TABLE 8 4 INFO TAB ICE Object In circuit emulator selected in MPLAB IDE PMF Object Processor module in use Base Unit Pod Part number of pod being used Processor Module Part number of processor module being used Device Selected Device selected in MPLAB IDE Device Adapter Part number of device adapter being used if any Other Other information about the emulator system such as the current emulator DLL being used in MPLAB IDE 8 12 SETTINGS DIALOG LIMITATIONS TAB View emulator limitat
129. uipment To comply with the European Approval Regulations therefore the following restrictions must be observed 1 The development system must be used only in an industrial or comparable area 2 The system must not be operated within 20 meters of any equipment which may be affected by such emissions radio receivers TV s etc 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 73 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide B 4 POWER Power to the MPLAB ICE 4000 system is supplied by an external power supply included with the system The input is located on the back of the pod as indicated in Figure B 1 The power on off switch is also located on the back of the pod FIGURE B 1 MPLAB ICE 4000 REAR VIEW USB Communications with PC Power Input Parallel Port Power On Power Off Unused OOOOOOOOOOOOO USB c 000000000000 l H Power Supply Requirements 5V 5 0 75 A and 3 3V 5 5 0 A Power supplied by emulator emulator loads system at 10 mA typical Power supplied by target emulator loads system at 80 mA typical B 5 USB PORT MPLAB ICE 4000 may be connected to the host PC via a universal serial bus USB port version 1 1 compliant The USB connector is located on the rear panel of the pod Figure B 1 A USB port on the host PC is required Cable Length The PC to MPLAB ICE 4000 cable length for proper operation has been tested to be 6 feet This length cable is shipped with MPLAB ICE 4000 B 6 INDICATOR LIG
130. y A flag bit is getting erroneously set somewhere Where is it getting set A trigger can also be set on data memory Suppose that the flag bit is in RAM location Flags at bit position 3 It does not matter what the value of the other bits are but the trigger should occur when bit 3 of F1ags becomes 1 For this use a Sequential trigger on a Write to Data Memory Specify the Address as Flags and the Value as xxxxl1xxx in binary Uncheck Ignore FNOP Cycles and check Halt On Trigger if desired FIGURE 6 11 SEQUENTIAL EVENT TRIGGERING ON DATA MEMORY MPLAB ICE 4000 Analyzer E 34 xl Complex Trigger Settings Trigger In Out Settings Code Coverage Trigger Status Event Event2 Event3 Trigger r Trigger Type Sequential pis ae a C Al Events Program Ez C Any Event Data Write C Filter Trace C Time Bet Event Ime Between E vents E Fas zl Trigger Position Position fc enter Value mmm HEX Cycles Traced After Trigger C Symbolic Binay C Hex X E A m Probes m Halt Logic Probes v On Trigger AS I On Cycles After Trigger Pass Counter On Trace Buffer Full NEN T Ignore FNOP Cycles Caran _Clear Event Load All Save All Load Event Save Event Cancel Apply Help 2004 Microchip Technology Inc DS51490A page 45 MPLAB ICE 4000 User s Guide 6 8 3

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