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CML47786HX cpuModuleTM User's Manual

1. 9 Basic Connector Locations i either e sa deer eres ei Dee es bears pe aro den 10 Fail safe boot ROM rh tio echte bed tunt 11 Cable ineen a e meteo e e 12 PO WET ous mb ata e SR t S nas ae aid 13 Connecting the utility cable ete teet eterna 14 Connecting d Keyboard i nva tur Re SEU HD bu edes 15 Connecting to the PC 104 Bus eese 16 Connecting to the PC 104 Plus PCI Bus 17 Booting the cpuModule for the First Time esses 19 Booting to Boot Block Flash with Fail Safe Boot ROM 20 If You Misconfigure the cpuModule eene 21 For More Information 22 Connecting the cpuModule 23 Connector Locations e eaa Pe eere 24 Auxiliary POWer CINA seeds ute ouvre so S ERE DU RN 26 serial Ports CN7 and CNS8 waste edat eie i ege eser ee tops dus 28 multiPort CN6 Parallel Port Mode se 31 multiPort CN6 aDIO Mode eene 32 multiPort CN6 Floppy Controller Mode 33 Multifunction Connector CN5 eese ehem eeee enne 35 VGA Video Connector CN18 eee emen 37 Flat Panel Video Connector CN19 seen 38 EIDE Connector CN9 E EEE E 39 Bus Mouse Co
2. eee 49 SSD Devices nadie oet tete svo oleae ee res 55 BIOS Setap Utility Keys oe oed 56 First Megabyte Memory Map enne 58 I O Addresses Reserved for the cpuModule 59 Hardware Interrupts Used on the cpuModule 61 LED Clor Saey nete eco rete EEG 78 Manual a nnnm 78 Real Time Clock Registers 5545 eeu en o acad etta 79 Jumpers and Default Settings iiec edente eet theta eee agen se cedes 90 Solder Jumpers and Default Settings 91 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION CML47786HX Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 This manual is meant for users developing with the CML47786HX cpu Module It contains information on hardware and software of the cpu Module READ THE SPECIFICATIONS FIRST The manual is organized as follows Introduction Introduces main features and specifications Getting Started Provides abbreviated instructions to get started Connecting the cpuModule Provides information on connecting the cpuModule to peripherals Configuring the cpuModule Provides information on configuring hardware and software Using the cpuModule Provides information needed to develop applications for the cpuModule The chapter includes general information on
3. s33v H8 inseco ipse IDSEL2 H9 aa wo IDSELS Notes The KEY pins can be used to guarantee proper module installation Pin A1 can be re moved and the female side plugged for 5 0V I O signals Pin D30 can be modified in the same manner for 3 3V I O It is recommended that both KEY pins A1 and D30 be electrically connected to GND for shielding CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 49 PC 104 Plus PCI Bus Signals The following are brief descriptions of the PC 104 Plus PCI bus signals Address and Data AD 31 00 Address and Data are multiplexed A bus transaction consists of an address cycle fol lowed by one or more data cycles C BE 3 0 Bus Command Byte Enables are multiplexed During the address cycle the com mand is defined During the Data cycle they define the byte enables PAR Parity is even on AD 31 00 and C BE 3 0 and is required Interface Control Pins FRAME Frame is driven by the current master to indicate the start of a transaction and will re main active until the final data cycle TRDY Target Ready indicates the selected devices ability to complete the current data cycle of the transaction Both IRDY and TRDY must be asserted to terminate a data cycle IRDY Initiator Ready indicates the master s ability to complete the current data cycle of the transaction STOP Stop indicates the current selected d
4. fev 8 fa Jono fav Senos n Nc NetConnected 2 eav Seno Pins 10 and 12 on CN3 are connected to the 3 3V pins of the PC 104 Plus connector They can be used to supply power to PC 104 Plus when a PC 104 Plus power supply is not being used Insufficient current supply will prevent your cpuModule from booting The gauge and length of the wire used for connecting power to the cpuModule must be taken into consideration Some power connectors have clip leads on them and may have significant resistance Make sure that the input voltage does not drop below 4 8V at the 5V power pins A good rule of thumb is to use wire that can supply twice the power your system requires 5 VDC 12 VDC and 12 VDC voltages are not used by the module but are connected to the PC 104 bus connectors and CN2 Facing the connector pins the pinout of the Auxiliary Power connector is NC CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 26 CML47786HX Connect two separate wires to the 5V pins 2 and 8 on the power connector to ensure a good power supply We rec ommend that no less than 18 gauge wire be used and the length of this wire should not exceed 3 ft Always measure the voltage drop from your power supply to the power pins on the cpuModule The voltage at pins 2 and 8 should be T5V RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 27 Serial Ports CN7 and CN8
5. 13 RSV Reserved Do Not Connect Pin Ho 2 Bo 4 5o B 7 8 B i oe LEN H2 n3 ma 01 05 He H9 m9 c 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 31 multiPort CN6 aDIO Mode Pin 1 is indicated by a square solder pad on the pin This connector is located on the edge of the cpuModule along the PC 104 bus Table 12 multiPort Advanced Digital I O Connector Pinout CN6 GNEPin Function DB25 7 SSS 7 Reserved Do not connect CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 32 multiPort CN6 Floppy Controller Mode The MultiPort can be configured to be a floppy drive controller This is selected in the BIOS Setup under Integrated Peripherals Only one floppy drive can be connected to the MultiPort and it is con figured as the second drive To boot the CPU from the MultiPort Floppy the following steps must be taken Drive A must be set to 1 44 MB in the Standard CMOS Settings section of BIOS Setup Onboard MultiPort set to Floppy in the Integrated Peripherals section of BIOS Setup Swap Floppy Drive set to Enabled in the Advanced BIOS Fea tures section of BIOS Setup First Boot Device set to Floppy in the Advanced BIOS Features section of BIOS Setup Floppy drive with adapter board is attached to CN6 Pin 1 is indicated by a square solder pad on the pin This connector is located on the
6. The two serial ports are implemented on connectors CN7 and CN8 respectively Each port is nor mally configured as a PC compatible full duplex RS232 port but you may use the Setup program to re configure it is as full duplex RS422 or half duplex RS485 The I O address and corresponding interrupt must also be selected using Setup The available I O addresses and the corresponding in terrupts are shown in the following table Table 6 Serial Port Base Address and IRQ Options I O Address IRQ 03F8H IRQ4 02F8H IRQ3 03E8H IRQ4 02E8H IRQ3 Serial Port UART The serial port is implemented with a 16550 compatible UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter This UART is capable of baud rates up to 115 2 kbaud in 16450 and 16550A compat ible mode and includes a 16 byte FIFO Please refer to any standard PC AT hardware reference for the register map of the UART RS232 Serial Port Default The full duplex RS232 mode is the default setting on the cpuModule With this mode enabled the serial port connector must be connected to RS232 compatible devices The following table gives the connector pinout and shows how to connect to an external serial connector either DB25 or DB9 compatible Table 7 Serial Port in RS 232 Mode Pin J Signal Function eut 0825 DBO Bcd DaGamerDetect m fe 2 DSR DataSetReady m 3 RXb ReceiveData a RTS RequestTo Send B mo Transmidata in
7. StrobeO Status Strobel Status 0 no strobe 0 no strobe Port 1 Dir ction strobe 1 strobe 0 Input Multi Function Output Register Select Digital IRQ Status Digital IRQ Enable 00 Clear Mode 0 no digital interrupt 0 Disabled 01 Port 0 Direction 1 digital interrupt 1 Enabled 10 Mask Register 11 Compare Register Digital IRQ Mode 0 Event Mode 1 Match Mode DIO Control I O address aDIO Base 3 Write Access Port 1 Direction 0 Input Multi Function 1 Output Register Select Reserved IRQ Mode 00 Clear Mode 00 Disabled 01 Port 0 Direction 01 Strobe 10 Mask Register 10 Event 11 Compare Register 11 Match Multi Function at aDIO_Base 2 Contents Based on Bits D 1 0 of DIO Control read write 00 Clear x TX TX TX TX T X ozim out 01 Port 0 Di 0 10010 Mask M7 5 4 m2 m mo L readiwrite 11 Compare Clear Register A read to this register Clears the IRQs and a write to this register sets the DIO Compare DIO Mask DIO Control and PortO to zeros A write to this register is used to clear the board Port 0 Direction Register Writing a zero to a bit in this register makes the corresponding pin in the DIO connector an input Writing a one to a bit in this register makes the corresponding pin in the DIO connector an output Mask Register Writing a zero to a bit in this register will not mask
8. When used as a headphone output it will drive 32 Ohm speaker at 50mW The line input is a pseudo differential input separate ground is provided to reference the left and right channel This ground must be externally attached to signal ground For best results connect the line input ground to signal ground at the signal source The will eliminate any common mode noise between the source and the cpuModule Table 23 Audio Connector CN11 JOPINDILPin Signa Function MIC VREF 2 2V Supply to bias micro phones 5mA max MIC IN Microphone input 1V RMS or 0 1V RMS LINE IN LEFT Line level input for left chan in out nel 1V RMS nominal LINE IN Signal GND input for line in put THIS MUST BE CON NECTED TO GND For best results connect to GND at the signal source LINE IN RIGHT Line level input for right channel 1V RMS nominal GND Signal Ground OUTPUT LEFT Left channel output Select able as line level 1V RMS or headphone enD Signal Ground out OUTPUT RIGHT Left channel output Select able as line level 1V RMS or headphone Facing the connector pins the pinout is 9 7 5 3 1 8 4 2 10 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 44 104 1 2 Connectors CN1 and CN2 carry signals of the PC 104 bus these signals match definitions of the IEEE 1284 standard The following tables list the pinouts of the
9. iere ei out zl out o JCTS_ jClearToSend fin LEN 7 s R Ringindicae oND Signal Ground CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 28 Facing the serial port s connector pins the pinout is DENN LEN ERN B 15 36 ect a 4 RS422 or RS485 Serial Port You may use BIOS Setup to configure the serial port as RS422 or RS485 In this case you must connect the serial port to an RS422 or RS485 compatible device When using RS422 or RS485 mode you can use the port in either half duplex two wire or full duplex four wire configurations For half duplex 2 wire operation you must connect RXD to TXD and connect RXD to TXD A 120 ohm termination resistors is provided on the cpuModule Termi nation is usually necessary on all RS422 receivers and at the ends of the RS485 bus If the termination resistor is required it can be enabled by closing jump er JP1 for Serial Port 1 or JP2 for Serial Port 2 When using full duplex typically in RS 422 mode connect the ports as shown in the table below Table 8 RS 422 Serial Port Connections When using half duplex in RS 485 connect the ports as shown in the table below Table 9 RS 485 Serial Port Connections Port 1 TXD Port 1 RXD Port 1 TXD Port 1 RXD Port 1 TXD Port 2 RXD Port 1 RXD Port 2 TXD CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 29 RS422 and RS485 Mode Pinout The followin
10. using a command line similar to for example format b u ROM DOS format b u n 9 t 40 See your DOS manual for details on the format command and its parameters Installing a Conventional SSD using EPROM or Flash other than Atmel EPROMs or Flash EPROMs for an SSD must be programmed externally to the cpuModule using an EPROM programmer and following the procedure below To install an EPROM SSD you should follow this procedure CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 85 e Apply power to the cpuModule and run Setup e Set SSD socket 1 or 2 to the appropriate EPROM or Flash type e Set SSD Window to a value which will not conflict with other hardware or software NOTE The memory window selected for DOC must not be used by any other program or hardware device Make sure this window is not in use by EMM386 or another memory manager or an Ethernet card PCMCIA card etc Save your changes and exit Setup e Boot the cpuModule After booting the Solid State Disk will be seen by the system as a write protected floppy DOS com mands normally used to read floppy disks will work with the SSD Directly Accessing the Solid State Disk If you wish to directly access the Solid State Disk of the cpuModule contact the factory for additional information on doing so CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 86 CHAPTER 6 HARDWARE REFERENCE This appendix gives information on the cpuModule hardware including
11. Ethernet Activity The LED can also be controlled manually by writing to I O Port 0x16 The following table lists the color displayed and the value written Table 34 Manual LED Colors Off LONE MN LN RN CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 78 Real Time Clock Control The cpuModule is equipped with a Real Time Clock RTC which provides system date and time functions and also provides 128 non volatile memory locations The contents of these memory lo cations are retained whenever an external backup battery is connected whether or not system power is connected You may access the RTC date time and memory using an index and data register at I O addresses 70h and 71h Address 70h is the Index register It must be written with the number of the register to read or write Refer to the map below for valid choices for the index Data is then written to or read from the selected register by writing or reading respectively the data register at address 71h Do not change values stored in the RTC registers listed as RESERVED in the table below Doing so will interfere with proper cpuModule operation Registers of the Real Time Clock are shown below Table 35 Real Time Clock Registers hex decimal Bytes n tf Be Seconds BCD Seconds Seconds m e o oem Em p po em p e RTC access is illustrated in the C program found in application note SWM 64000001 1 found at http
12. I O Address Register I O Address 001 oxaao Watchdog Runtime Register The location of this register is determined by aDIO WDT Setup aDIO Base Reading this register also re freshes the watchdog timer WDT Runtime gt WDT Active WDT IRQ Ena WDT IRQ Ena WDT RST Time 0 d ort d 7 Active Set this bit to 1 to activate the Watchdog Timer interrupts and resets Set to 0 to disable When disabled the watchdog timer does not need to be refreshed WDT_IRQ Ena Set this bit to 1 to enable the Watchdog interrupt Set to 0 to disable CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 76 IRQ TimeSelects the Watchdog Interrupt time based on the following table WDT IRQ Time 2 0 Interrupt Time seconds WDT RST TimeSelects the Watchdog Reset time based on the following table CML47786HX ps WDT RST Time 2 0 Reset Time seconds ps RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 77 Multi Color LED The CMLA7786HX has a Multi Color LED located beside the IDE connector CN9 The color of the LED indicates the status of the board as shown in the table below Table 33 LED Colors On Board IDE Activity Red cpuModule is in reset or approaching thermal limit Yellow Red Green cpuModule is in Standby CPU is throttled if enabled
13. www rtd com appnotes htm CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 79 Parallel Port Control The parallel port may be operated in SPP output only EPP bi directional and ECP extended ca pabilities modes The mode may be selected in Setup or by application software CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 80 Storing Applications On board The cpuModule was designed to be used in embedded computing applications In these applications magnetic media like hard disks and floppy disks are not very desirable It is better to eliminate mag netic storage devices and place your operating system and application software into the cpuModule s Solid State Disk SSD The following section describes two distinctly different ways you may use the Solid State Disk sock ets of the cpuModule These methods allows you to use a wide variety of memory devices to imple ment on board Solid State Disk storage each with its advantages and disadvantages CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 81 Ways to Use the Solid State Disk Sockets The ways to utilize the Solid State Disk sockets of the cpuModule e Using a device which installs as a BIOS Extension e Using Conventional SSD Memory BIOS Extension Devices such as DiskOnChip provide a relatively large amount of read write disk space These devices generally appear similar to a conventional hard disk to DOS allowing you to copy delete and rename files without using any speci
14. Advanced Digital I O Ifa floppy or IDE controller is not connected to the system the I O addresses listed will not be occupied Select in BIOS 2 Only one of the I O addresses shown for a Serial port is active at any time You can use Setup to select which one is active or to disable it entirely Only one of the I O addresses shown for the Parallel printer port is active at any time You can use Setup to select which one is active or to disable it entirely 4Tf a PS2 mouse is not connected to the system the I O addresses listed will not be occupied CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 60 Hardware Interrupts If you add any PC 104 modules or other peripherals to the system you must ensure they do not use interrupts needed by the cpuModule or malfunctions will occur The cpuModule supports the standard PC interrupts listed in Table 32 on page 61 Interrupts not in use by hardware on the cpuModule itself are listed as available These interrupts are also assigned by the BIOS to Plug and Play and PCI devices Even if there are no PC 104 Plus modules installed the interrupts will be assigned to on board peripherals such as USB or parallel ports The BIOS can not automatically detect ISA bus PC 104 cards that are using interrupts including aDIO and the Watchdog timer so it may inadvertently assign another resource to an ISA interrupt To prevent this from happening any interrupt that is being used for an IS
15. CPU with Twister T Chipset e 400 MHz to 650 MHz clock speed e 0 95 1 10 V processor supply provided on board e 32kBLI Cache e 256 kB L2 Cache Math coprocessor Video Controller AGP S3 Savage SVGA Controller Analog SVGA Output 18 bit Digital TFT Output 2 4 8 16 32 MB Frame Buffer DMA Interrupts Timers Six 6 DMA channels 8237 compatible Fifteen 15 interrupt channels 8259 compatible Three 3 counter timers 8254 compatible Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APIC USB ports 2 USB 1 1 ports Boot to USB devices Floppy Hard Drive CD ROM Flash Key ZIP Drive Advanced Digital I O aDIO Two 8 bit TTL compatible programmable Digital I O Ports plus two Strobe inputs One port is bit direction programmable and the other is byte direction programmable Advanced Interrupt modes Interrupt on change Interrupt on match Interrupt on strobe Watchdog Timer e Selectable reset time out of 2sec 1sec 0 75 sec 0 50 sec e generate an interrupt after 1sec 0 75 sec 0 50 sec 0 25 sec e Watchdog Refresh and Active registers are accessible from Window Memory Configurations e 32MB e 128MB e 256MB Fail safe Boot ROM e Surface mount Flash chip that holds ROM DOS e Provides an operating system with nothing else attached CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 6 Solid State Disk Socket SSD socket can hold one of the following Conventional SSD devices or BIOS Extension Devi
16. Memory Write command active low SYSCLK System Clock 8 0MHz with a 50 duty cycle Only driven during ex ternal bus cycles TC Terminal Count this line is active high and indicates the conclusion of a DMA transfer PC 104 Bus Termination Termination of PC 104 bus signals is not recommended since this cpuModule incorporates source termination on bus signals and may cause malfunctions of the cpuModule CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 48 PC 104 Plus PCI Bus CN16 Connector CN16 carries the signals of the PC 104 Plus PCI bus These signals match definitions of the PCI Local Bus specification Revision 2 1 The following tables list the pinouts of the PC 104 Plus bus connector Table 27 PC 104 Plus Bus ei cee ca a Fesser jw zo wo sni 3 a oes faoz s Jeo abe Abs oNb Api wo Aba abis Nb gt 33v oser s O o sem feo PAR Ho jeo pew m few ow 2 rov pevset mov ma joao abs Hs os few Ab Ap Hr os
17. Modem Control Reg in RS422 or RS485 mode Ister to enable transmitters see Serial Port descriptions date and time not saved no backup battery connect a backup battery to the Multifunc when power is off tion connector cannot enter BIOS quick boot enabled with no install JP5 reboot and press Del to en hard drives ter setup Text mode fonts look Flat Panel is enabled and at a Switch to CRT only or change Flat Panel strange on a CRT different resolution than cur type rent video mode Screen will not go to ahigh Flat Panel is enabled and at a Switch to CRT only or change Flat Panel er resolution even though different resolution than cur type display supports it rent video mode Interrupts not working for IRQ conflict with PCI bus Reserve interrupt as Legacy ISA in Setup aDIO Watchdog Timer or other ISA device CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 98 Troubleshooting a PC 104 System If you have reviewed the preceding table and still cannot isolate the problem with your cpuModule please try the following troubleshooting steps Even if the resulting information does not help you find the problem it will be very helpful if you contact technical support Simplify the system Remove items one at a time and see if one particular item seems to cause the problem Swap components Try replacing items in the system one at a time with similar items CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 99 How to Obtain Tec
18. OBE CN3 CN2 CNG Figure 4 CML47786HX Jumper Locations Top CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 89 999 min NEN a o PO oom ooo0o00000000O0O0000 us oo0o000000000O0O0O0O0u Figure 5 CML47786HX Jumper Locations Bottom Table 36 Jumpers and Default Settings 2 pin jumper Used to enable disable 120 ohm termination resistor on first serial port for RS 422 485 mode default Open no termination 2 pin jumper Used to enable disable 120 ohm termination resistor on first serial port for RS 422 485 mode default Open no termination CMLA7786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 90 Table 36 Jumpers and Default Settings 3 pin jumper Used to select power for an SSD socket 1 to2is 5 Volts on board e 2 to 3is 5 volts on board when power on and battery backup when power off default Positions 1 and 2 2 pin jumper Used for setting to boot to Fail Safe Boot ROM and restoring factory BIOS settings default Open 2 pin jumper Factory use only do not close default Open 3 pin jumper Used to select power for the Flat Panel Backlight e 100215 12 e 210315 5V 3 pin jumper Used to select power for the Flat Panel Electronics e 1to2is3 3V e 2to3is 5V Table 37 Solder Jumpers and Default Settings Three position solder jumper to select 3 3 or 5 volt signaling on the PCI bus e Pads 1 2 shorted is 5 Volt si
19. edge of the cpuModule along the PC 104 bus The following table shows the pin assignments to connect a flop py drive to the multiPort Table 13 multiPort Connector Floppy Pinout CN6 Floppy Drive Pin 8 odd pins 23 WDATA 12 22 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 33 Table 13 multiPort Connector Floppy Pinout CN6 Continued odd pins s woe 26 These signals must be pulled to 5V with separate 470 Ohm resistors CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 34 Multifunction Connector CN5 The Multifunction connector implements the following functions Speaker output AT keyboard System reset input Battery Input The following table gives the pinout of the Multifunction connector Table 14 Multifunction Connector CN5 I SPKR Speaker output open collec m tor 2 SPKR Speaker output 5 volts out 3 Manual push button reset lin aT PwRSW Power Standby Switch 5 keb KeybosdDaa e kec KeyboardClock out p SNb jGmud O s kep keyboard Power 5 volts fear Battery input Ho Necomeced Facing the connector pins the pinout is DT II Ip 7 Ie Speaker A speaker output is available on pins 1 and 2 of the Multifunction connector These outputs are con trolled by a transistor to supply 0 1 watt of power
20. interfaces e keyboard e Speaker output e System reset input e Battery input To use these interfaces you must connect to the Multifunction connector making sure the orienta tion of pin 1 is correct If you are using the Multifunction cable from our cable kit the cable provides a small speaker a 5 pin PS 2 connector for the keyboard a push button for resetting the PC 104 sys tem and a lithium battery to provide backup power to the Real Time Clock To connect individual devices to the Multifunction connector please see Multifunction Connector CNS on page 35 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 14 Connecting a Keyboard You may plug a PC AT compatible keyboard directly into the circular DIN connector of the Multi function cable in our cable kit The cable kit uses a mini DIN or PS 2 style keyboard connector Some older keyboards use a larger DIN connector you will need an adapter to plug these keyboards into the cpuMod ule Older keyboards can be switched between PC XT and AT operating modes with the mode usually selected by a switch on the back or bottom of the keyboard For correct operation with this cpuModule you must select AT mode CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 15 Connecting to the PC 104 Bus The PC 104 bus connectors of the cpuModule are simply plugged onto a PC 104 stack to connect to other devices We recommend you follow the procedure below to ensure that stacki
21. is an on board converter which can deliver up to 2 amps VIO This signal typically is the I O power to the bus drivers on a PCI bus card B1 selects 3 3 or 5 volts to indicate 3 3 or 5 volt signaling The default is 3 3 volts No other device except this board should drive the VIO pin CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 51 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 52 CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURING THE CPUMODULE BIOS SETUP This chapter contains information to configure the cpuModule Topics covered in this chapter include Disabling Fail Safe Boot ROM Adding SSD Memory Configuring Using the Setup Program CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 53 Disabling Fail Safe Boot ROM Besure that JP5 is not installed e Reset the system by either shutting it off and turning it on or by using the reset button e While the system is booting repeatedly press the DEL key to enter the BIOS setup e Choose INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS using the arrow keys and enter e Once in INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS set Fail Safe Boot ROM Disabled CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 54 Installing SSD Memory This section explains how to add SSD devices to the cpuModule This procedure is only necessary when you wish to add or change Solid State Disk memory devices You may wish to install SSD memory to use the cpuModule as a diskless stand alone device Refer to Storing Applications On board on page 81 for more in
22. it loads the saved system state and saved next instruction and continues execution Interrupts are good for handling infrequent events such as keyboard activity What happens when an Interrupt occurs An IRQx pin on the PC104 bus makes a low to high transition while the corresponding interrupt mask bit is unmasked and the PIC determines that the IRQ has priority the PIC interrupts the pro cessor The current code segment CS instruction pointer IP and flags are pushed on the stack the CPU reads the 8 bit vector number from the PIC and a new CS and IP are loaded from a vector indicated by the vector number from the interrupt vector table that exists in the lowest 1024 bytes of memory The processor then begins executing instructions located at CS IP When the interrupt service routine is completed the CS IP and flags that were pushed onto the stack are popped from the stack into their appropriate registers and execution resumes from the point where it was inter rupted How long does it take to respond to an interrupt A DOS operating system can respond to an interrupt between 6 15uS A Windows system can take a much longer time when a service routine has been installed by a device driver implemented as a DLL from 250 1500uS or longer A VxD will take 20 60uS or longer The time the CPU spends in the interrupt is dependent on the efficiency of the code in the ISR These numbers are general guide lines and will fluctuate depending on
23. it can generate an interrupt When the counter reaches the reset time out the sys tem is reset The counter is refreshed or set back to zero by reading from a specific register The watchdog can also be put into an inactive state in which no resets or interrupts are generated The ability to generate an interrupt allows the application to gracefully recover from a bad state For example consider a system that has a reset time out of 2 seconds interrupt time out of 1 second and the watchdog timer is refreshed every 0 5 seconds If something goes wrong an interrupt is gener ated The Interrupt service routine then attempts to restart the application software If it is success ful the application is restarted in much less time than a full reboot would require If it is not successful the system is rebooted Due to system latency it is recommended that the Watchdog be refreshed at about half of the reset time out period or half of the interrupt time out period whichever is applicable Register Description The Advanced Watchdog Timer has two Setup Registers and a Runtime Register The Setup Reg isters are set by the BIOS and can be adjusted by entering the BIOS Setup Utility and going to In tegrated Peripherals See Configuring with the RTD Enhanced Award BIOS on page 56 for more details The Setup Register may also be read by the driver to determine if the Watchdog is enabled and the interrupt and base address that it is using
24. menu CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 56 CHAPTER 5 USING THE CPUMODULE This chapter provides information for users who wish to develop their own applications programs for the cpuModule This chapter includes information on the following topics Memory map O Address map nterrupts Power On Self Tests POSTs System Functions Watchdog Timer Real Time Clock Storing Applications in Solid State Disk Utility Programs CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 57 The ISA portion of the cpuModule addresses memory using 24 address lines This allows a maxi mum of 22 locations or 16 Megabytes of memory The table below shows how memory in the first megabyte is allocated in the system Table 30 First Megabyte Memory Map F0000 FFFFFh BIOS ROM 256 KB BIOS in Flash EPROM shadowed into DRAM dur ing runtime E0000 EFFFFh BIOS Decompres Used during boot to decompress the BIOS This should not be used for hardware devices however it is free for use after the system has booted D0000 FFFFh Available This area is always available for hardware devices Legacy USB This area is used for USB keyboard and USB boot It can be freed by disabling USB Keyboard and by not attaching any USB storage devices Alternately the USB controller can be disabled This area is always immediately after the video BIOS C0000 CBFFFh Video BIOS If an external video card is used the size o
25. operating system and version The amount of information that can be moved during an interrupt theoretically can be 4 MB Sec on a 8 MB bus using the INS or MOVS instruction with the REP prefix These instructions are in assembly language Interrupt Request Lines To allow different peripheral devices to generate interrupts on the same computer the PC bus has eight different interrupt request IRQ lines A transition from low to high on one of these lines gen erates an interrupt request which is handled by the PC s interrupt controller The interrupt controller checks to see if interrupts are to be acknowledged from that IRQ and if another interrupt is already in progress it decides if the new request should supersede the one in progress or if it has to wait until the one in progress is done This prioritizing allows an interrupt to be interrupted if the second re quest has a higher priority The priority level is based on the number of the IRQ IRQO has the high est priority IRQ1 is second highest and so on through IRQ7 which has the lowest Many of the IRQs are used by the standard system resources IRQO is used by the system timer IRQ is used by the keyboard IRQ3 by COM2 IRQ4 by COMI and IRQ6 by the disk drives Therefore it is im portant for you to know which IRQ lines are available in your system for use by the module CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 72 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller The chip responsible
26. the interrupt was called If you find yourself intimidated by interrupt programming take heart Most C compilers al low you to identify a procedure function as an interrupt type and will automatically add these instructions to your ISR with one important exception most compilers do not auto matically add the end of interrupt command to the procedure you must do this yourself Other than this and the few exceptions discussed below you can write your ISR just like any other routine It can call other functions and procedures in your program and it can access global data If you are writing your first ISR we recommend that you stick to the basics just something that will convince you that it works such as incrementing a global variable NOTE If you are writing an ISR using assembly language you are responsible for pushing and popping registers and using IRET instead of RET Writing a DOS Interrupt service routine ISR There are a few cautions you must consider when writing your ISR The most important is do not use any DOS functions or routines that call DOS functions from within an ISR DOS is not reentrant that is a DOS function cannot call itself In typical programming this will not happen because of the way DOS is written But what about when using interrupts Then you could have a situation such as this in your program If DOS function X is being executed when an interrupt occurs and the interrupt routine makes a call to DOS f
27. use a 40 pin 0 1 inch spacing connector so an adapter cable or adapter board is needed In order to use faster than UDMA Mode 2 Ultra ATA 33 an 80 conductor cable is required The BIOS automatically detects the presence of an 80 conductor cable To connect to an 80 conductor cable to CN12 and adapter board is required CML47786HX Table 19 EIDE Connector CN9 po pmo wan pows 125 A DIOR HDMARDY HSTROBE IORDY DDMARDY DSTROB ps fem O a pm 34 PDIAGDAO as 36 DA2 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 39 Table 19 EIDE Connector CN9 Continued s fer M 5Vtlogic aa a Nc CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 40 Bus Mouse Connector CN4 The following table gives the pinout of the Bus Mouse connector Table 20 Bus Mouse Connector 4 Sina Function 5v sVes ew fout 8 mek mouse Clock MDAT MouseData Facing the connector pins the pinout is CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 41 USB Connector CN17 Two USB 1 1 compliant ports are available on CN17 The following table gives the pinout of the USB connector Table 21 USB Connector CN17 QPINDPin 19PINDILPin Signa Function
28. A resource should be set to Legacy ISA in the BIOS Setup utility under PnP PCI configuration Table 32 Hardware Interrupts Used on the cpuModule p E eme mm o maman a IRQO61 available AT bus sometimes used as secondary IDE hard disk py C1 f 6 is available for use if no flop sk is present in the sys tem and floppy disk is disabled in Setup i ili 2 b IRQ12 is available if there is no PS 2 mouse in the system and the PS 2 mouse controller is disabled in the BIOS setup CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 61 c IRQ14 is available for use if no primary hard drive controller is present in the system and hard disk is disabled in Setup All PCI devices are capable of sharing an interrupt The PC 104 specification also provides a means for ISA devices to share an interrupt However interrupt sharing on the ISA bus is not supported by all devices CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 62 The RTD Enhanced Award BIOS The RTD Enhanced Award BIOS Basic Input Output System is software that interfaces hardware specific features of the cpuModule to an operating system OS Physically the BIOS software is stored in a Flash EPROM on the cpuModule Functions of the BIOS are divided into two parts The first part of the BIOS is known as POST Power On Self Test software and it is active from the time power is applied until an OS boots begins execution POST software perfor
29. BIOS Setup to select the parallel port s address associated interrupt and choose between its operational modes SPP ECP EPP 1 7 and EPP 1 9 The pinout of the connector allows a ribbon cable to directly connect it to a DB25 connector thus providing a standard PC compatible port The following tables lists the parallel port signals and explains how to connect it to a DB25 connec tor to obtain a PC compatible port For correct operation keep the length of the cable connect ing the cpuModule and parallel device less than 3 meters 10 feet Table 11 multiPort Parallel Port Connector Pinout CN6 Signa Function J iout DB Ste Sobe baa AFD Autotee PD0 Printer Data USB Tou 2 ERR Printer Error fs por ParaelDaia INIT initialize printer fe Poa ernier Dataa pi SUN Select printer fou 7 pps Printer Daas fou fs GND Signat groun fe Pba Printer Daaa fe GND Signal groun f fo PDs Printer Daas 7 GND Signat groun f fa Pos Printer Daas fe eno Smeg e PD7 Printer Data 7 058 fou 9 ENO sisssruni 2 CK Acknowiedge m fo GND Simground fa psv Busy m m GND Sinagrund fa Paperen e GND Simagrund 5 SLT Ready To Receive im
30. CML47786HX cpuModule User s Manual RTD Enhanced Award BIOS Versions 6 00 xx RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Real Time Devices Accessing the Analog World amp BDM 610000035 Rev A CML47786HX cpuModule User s Manual RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 Phone 1 814 234 8087 FAX 1 814 234 5218 E mail sales rtd com techsupport rtd com web site http www rtd com Revision History Rev A Initial Release Published by RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 Copyright 1999 2002 2005 by RTD Embedded Technologies Inc rights reserved Printed in U S A The RTD Logo is a registered trademark of RTD Embedded Technologies cpuModule and utilityModule are trademarks of RTD Embedded Technologies PS 2 PC XT PC AT and IBM are trademarks of Interna tional Business Machines Inc MS DOS Windows Windows 95 Windows 98 and Windows NT are trade marks of Microsoft Corp PC 104 is a registered trademark of PC 104 Consortium All other trademarks appearing in this document are the property of their respective owners 1 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Introduction 1 uu eur wwe Eke eor tos eis SS 3 The CMLA7786HX cpuModule sese 4 1 ronda te edet oeuf 6 Getting
31. EGRATED PERIPHERALS set Fail Safe Boot ROM Disabled CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 20 If You Misconfigure the cpuModule Itis possible that you may incorrectly configure the cpuModule using Setup If this happens the cor rect procedure is Start Re booting the cpuModule While the system is re booting repeatedly press the Del key until the cpuModule enters Setup Change the parameters to correctly match your system If the above fails nsert jumper JP5 This will force the cpuModule to boot using the default configu ration Boot the cpuModule Press the Del key to enter Setup or allow the cpuModule to boot to Failsafe CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 21 For More Information This chapter has been intended to get the typical user up and running quickly If you need more de tails please refer to the following chapters for more information on configuring and using the cpu Module CML47786HX 22 Phone 814 234 8087 Fax 814 234 5218 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 USA Our website www rtd com Our e mail techsupport rtd com RTD Embedded Technologies Inc CHAPTER 3 CONNECTING THE CPUMODULE This chapter contains necessary information for any of the connectors on the cpuModule CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 23 Connector Locations The figure and table below show all connectors and th
32. HK I I O Channel Check active low indicates an error condition that cannot be corrected IOCHRDY I I O Channel Ready this line usually high ready is pulled to a low lev el by devices which need longer bus cycles IOCS16 I O Chip Select 16 bit this line active low is controlled by devices mapped in the I O address space It indicates they have a 16 bit bus width ER X MAE Read active low indicates when the devices present on the bus can RE their information on the data bus E I O Write active low When active it allows the peripheral devices to read data present on the data bus IRQx I Interrupt Request x 2 to 15 active on rising edge IRQ15 has top pri ority the other lines have decreasing priority starting from IRQ14 down to IRQ2 An interrupt request is performed by changing the level of the corresponding line from low to high and keeping it high until the micro processor has recognized it KEY N A These locations contain mechanical keying pins to help prevent incor rect connector insertion LA23 LA17 These signals select a 128kbyte window in the 16Mbyte address space available on the bus pe During aDMA cycle this active low signal indicates that a resource on the bus is about to drive the data and address lines 16 Memory Chip Select 16 bit this line active low is controlled by devic es mapped in the memory address space and indicates they have a 16 bit bus width MEMR This active low signal indicat
33. IOS Extension Window on the advanced setup page The memory window selected for a BIOS extension device must not be used by any other program or hardware device Make sure this window is not used by EMM386 or another memory manager Ethernet card PCMCIA card etc Save your changes and exit Setup Turn off the cpuModule Install the BIOS Extension Device into the socket Reboot the cpuModule The BIOS Extension Device should appear as the next available hard drive in your system If there is no other hard drive installed it will appear as drive C e Format the new drive using the DOS format command If you wish to make the drive bootable you must format it using the s switch of the format command Refer to your OS manual for more information e f you wish to boot from the BIOS Extension Device run Setup and disable any other hard drive Set the boot device to Hard Drive The cpuModule will not boot to a BIOS Ex tension Device if another hard drive is enabled CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 83 Using Conventional Solid State Devices You can use numerous memory types to implement a Conventional Solid State Disk Depending on the devices used you may implement read write read only or write once read many type drives Advantages of using the Conventional SSD include e Storage capacity up to 1 MB EPROM only e Atmel Flash and allow read write capability using standard DOS file commands D
34. In the following register description sections each register is described by a register table The first row of the table list the bits D7 through DO The second row lists the field name for each bit The third row lists the properties of that bit r bit can be read w bit can be written to and c bit can be cleared The last row lists the value of the bit after reset The register table is then followed by a description of each of the fields where applicable Advanced Watchdog Setup Register I O Port 0x18 WDT Setup gt pepe sup Be y 02 WDT IRQ 2 0 Selects the Interrupt assigned to the Watchdog Timer WoT RGR Interrupt fo00 Disabled oo mas _ p mar mam 01 100 IRQ11 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 75 Continued WOT Rap Interrupt mo Reserved m Reserved Reg Enable Set this bit to 1 to enable the Watchdog Runtime Register Set to 0 to disable When Disabled the Watchdog Runtime Register does not appear in the I O map and interrupts and resets are not generated by the Watchdog Timer aDIO Watchdog Setup Register I O Port 0x1F aDIO WDT Setup 56 Di aDIO Base DIO Tra Lor Lo rw Co o fe 9 aDIO Base 2 0 Selects the base address for aDIO and the Watchdog Timer based on the following ta ble aDIO Base 2 0 aDIO Base Watchdog Timer Runtime
35. PC 104 bus connectors The following table lists the signals of the XT portion of the PC 104 bus see Notes below AT Bus table CML47786HX Table 24 PC 104 XT Bus Connector CN1 Pn Roe p so RESETDRV s s E Ss sw 5v Ep sz 9v s sw s s io IOGHRDY Keying pin m n few Ha 517 for Hs 6 Hr fsa pAckr SYSCLK IRQ7 DACK2 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 45 The following table lists signals of the AT portion of the PC 104 bus Table 25 PC 104 AT Bus Connector CN2 Bn a as er vEwcss 3 uAz Rao 4 n man 5 2 p udis mas p us mau p uz s wur Ho www L H2 fso sw pmo H4 fn pAckr fso He sos fsa ie fs w Skeno ov Notes SA bus refresh is not supported by this cpuModule eISA Masters are not supported by this cpuModule Keying p
36. TD Embedded Technologies Inc 94 CHAPTER 7 TROUBLESHOOTING CML47786HX Many problems you may encounter with operation of your cpuModule are due to common errors This chapter will help you get your system op erating properly It contains Common problems and solutions Troubleshooting a PC 104 system How to obtain technical support How to return a product RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 95 Common Problems and Solutions The following table lists some of the common problems you may encounter while using your cpu Module and suggests possible solutions If you are having problems with your cpuModule please review this table before contacting techni cal support cpuModule will not boot no power or wrong polarity check for correct power on PC 104 bus connectors incorrect setup install jumper JP5 reboot and press video disabled etc key to run Setup defective or mis connected de check for misaligned bus connectors vice on bus remove other cards from stack cable connected backwards verify all cables are connected correctly SSD installed backwards check for an SSD memory installed in socket backwards does not recognize Setup jumper JP5 installed turn off power remove JP5 reboot changes will not boot from particu device not bootable use sys command on drive or re format the lar drive or device device using the s switch device not formatted format drive using s switch power
37. UT IRQ OUT CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 70 Strobe Mode Strobe Mode allows the strobe pin of the DIO connector to trigger an interrupt A low to high tran sition on the strobe pin will cause an interrupt request The request will remain high until the Clear Register is read from Additionally the Compare Register latched in the value at Port 0 when the Strobe pin made a low to high transition No further strobes will be available until a read of the Com pare Register is made What this implies is one must read the Compare Register then clear interrupts so that the latched value in the compare register is not lost To enter Strobe mode set bits D 4 3 of the DIO Control register to 01 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 71 Basic Interrupt Information for Programmers All information below only addresses the DIO on this board Interrupts are connected to IRQs 5 7 10 11 and 12 on the ISA bus PC104 bus and are controlled by two 8259 equivalent interrupt con trollers containing 13 available interrupt request lines Minimum time between two IRQ requests is 125 nanoseconds as set by ISA specification What is an Interrupt An interrupt is a subroutine called asynchronously by external hardware usually an I O device dur ing the execution of another application The CPU halts execution of its current process by saving the system state and next instruction then jumps to the interrupt service routine executes
38. VCCI Supply 5V to USB1 VCC2 Supply 5V to USB2 DATA1 Bi directional data line in out for USB1 DATA2 Bi directional data line in out for USB2 DATA1 Bi directional data line in out for USB1 DATA2 Bi directional data line in out for USB2 7 GRND Signal Ground s GRND SiemaGround GRND SiemaGround o fen SiemarGround ou Facing the connector pins the pinout is END RND 10 ON A CMLA7786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 42 10 100 Base T and TX Connector CN20 The functionality of this port is based on the INTEL 82559ER Fast Ethernet PCI controller The following table gives the pinout of CN18 The Ethernet controller can be disabled in the BIOS Set Table 22 10 100 Base T and TX Connector CN20 Pin Termination connected to pin 4 Termination connected to pin 3 Termination connected to pin 8 Termination connected to pin 7 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 43 Audio 11 An audio port is available on CN11 This is an full featured AC97 compliant port that also provides for Sound Blaster compatibility It provides a mono microphone input stereo line level input and a stereo output that can be configured as line level or headphone level The output is configured in the BIOS setup utility see Configuring with the RTD Enhanced Award BIOS on page 56
39. X RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 36 Video Connector CN18 The following table gives the pinout of the video connector Table 16 VGA Video Connector CN18 Fin Suma Function meu 1 1 VSYNC Vertical Sync out 2 Horizontal Sync out DDCSCL Monitor communications clock RED Red analog output 5 1 DDCSDA Monitor communications data bidir Green analog output 7 DDC 5V 5V for Monitor Communica tions 2A fuse 8 EE Blue analog output lout Facing the connector pins of CN18 the pinout is 10 3 1 7 8 4 2 2 DDCSDA DDCSCL VSYNC GREEN HSYNC 6 CML47786HX Table 17 Supported Video Resolutions and BIOS Settings Bue fw 32 32 16 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 37 Flat Panel Video Connector CN19 The following table gives the pinout of the flat panel video connector FP VCC can be either 5V or and is selected with JP10 FP VBKLT can be either 5V or 12V and can be selected with JP9 See Jumpers and Solder Jumper Settings on page 88 for more details Table 18 Flat Panel Video Connector CN19 Suma Function H FP Powerforflatpanellecioniss out 2 FP VBKLT Power for flat panel backlight out 5 FP VDDEN Enable for flat panel power out a FP ENABLK Enable for Backlight Power out 5 fob feom fo 6 FP_DISPEN_ Display Enable fou zo fobo feom fwo a FP HS
40. YNC Horizontai Syns fou B FP VSYNC Vertical Sync out o fob Greud fowo Hp foo ow H2 foo fewo H3 0 0 58 ow H4 FP BLUET Bluebitt H5 FP BLUE out H6 FP Lues Buebt3 out Hy FP BLUE amp out H5 FP BLUES Blue bts SB out s FP_GREENO_ Green bio S8 20 FP GREENI Greenbiti 3 FP GREEN2 Green bit out 22 FP GREENS Greenbita out 3 FP GREENA Greenbita out a FP GREENS Greenbi5 NSB out 5 FP REDo RedbiouSB out FP Rem Redbit out a7 FP RED2 Redbi2 fown as j FP RED3 Reden fow s FP RED4 Redbia fom 30 FP REDs RedbisiuMSB CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 38 EIDE Connector CN9 The EIDE connector is a 44 pin 2mm connector that can connect to a variety of EIDE or IDE de vices The connector provides all signals and power needed to use a 2 5 form factor laptop hard drive Also the first 40 pins of the connector provide all of the signals needed to interface to a 3 5 or 5 form factor hard drive CD ROM drive or other EIDE device The larger form factors
41. al utilities Conventional Solid State Disk can use a variety of memory devices such as Atmel 5 volt only Flash Intel 12 volt Flash AMD 5 volt Flash Static RAM NOVRAM EPROM When used with Atmel 5 volt Flash SRAM or NOVRAM the SSD appears similar to a read write floppy disk to DOS allowing you to copy delete and rename files in the SSD without using any special utilities When used with other Flash or EPROM you can create file to program the device with the RIMAGE program These methods are described in detail in the following sections CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 82 Using BIOS Extension Devices You can use BIOS Extension Devices like M Systems DiskOnChip to implement a Solid State Disk which can be read and written using normal disk commands Advantages of using these devices include e Storage capacity up to 1 GB per socket more in the future e Full read write capability using standard OS file commands e Integrated support for other operating systems is possible contact M Systems for information Parts supported by the cpuModule include e M Systems 2000 series MD2203 D1024 1 GB down to 16 MB e Optional alternate operating system versions of the above parts Our website at www rtd com provides links to the websites of these manufacturers Installing BIOS Extension Devices To install these devices follow this procedure e Apply power to the cpuModule and run Setup e Set a B
42. ces Table 1 SSD Conventional Devices Full Read Write 128Kbytes 256Kbytes 512Kbytes IMbyte Access Atmel Atmel SV Flash Flash Table 2 SSD BIOS Extension Devices Device Full Read Write Maximum Number per Sizes Access cpuModule DiskOnChip yes 1 16MB 2000 1GB Peripherals BIOS Connections CML47786HX Larger devices may be available in the future Two serial ports software configurable for RS232 422 485 Baud rates from 50 to 115200 baud Parallel port with SPP ECP EPP capability and selectable interrupts and DMA channel PC AT standard keyboard port A PS 2 mouse port PC speaker port Real Time Clock requires user supplied external battery for date and time backup RTD Enhanced Award BIOS Directly supports Solid State Disk SSD and M Systems DiskOnChip User configurable using built in Setup program Nonvolatile configuration without a battery Can boot from floppy disk hard disk Solid State Disk fail safe boot ROM or USB AT bus per PC 104 specifications 64 pin CN1 40 pin CN2 PCI bus per PC 104 Plus specifications 120 pin CN16 Auxiliary Power Connector 12 pin CN3 PS 2 Mouse Connector 4 pin CN4 Multifunction connector 10 pin CN5 multiPort connector 26 pin CN6 Serial port 1 connector 10 pin CN7 Serial port 2 connector 10 pin CN8 SVGA Monitor connector 10 pin CN18 TFT Monitor connector 30 pin CN19 Dual USB port connector 10
43. digital I O or Flop py Drive port RTD Embedded Technologies Inc A simplified block diagram of cpuModule is shown in Figure 1 Intel Celeron VT8606 Twister T SDRAM 400 650 MHz North Bridge 100 133 MHz SVGA Flat Panel 10 100 Ethernet PCI Bus 32 bit 33 MHz 5 VT82C686B x USB 1 1 South Bridge Keyboard Mouse 2 x RS 232 422 485 EIDE Parallel Port AC97 Audio Floppy Drive RTD aDIO ISA Bus RTD Enhanced BIOS Failsafe Boot ROM Watchdog Figure 1 CML47786HX Block Diagram You can easily customize the cpuModule by stacking PC 104 modules such as video controllers modems LAN controllers or analog and digital data acquisition modules Stacking PC 104 modules on the cpuModule avoids expensive installations of backplanes and card cages and preserves the module s compactness RTD Enhanced Award BIOS is also implemented in the cpuModule This BIOS supports ROM DOS MS DOS Linux and Windows operating systems Drivers in the BIOS allow booting from floppy disk hard disk Solid State Disk boot block flash or DiskOnChip thus enabling the system to be used with traditional disk drives or non mechanical drives The cpuModule and BIOS are also compatible with most real time operating systems for PC com patible computers although these may require creation of custom drivers to use the SSD and watch dog timer CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 3 Specifications CML47786HX e Intel Celeron
44. e PA 16803 0906 USA Our website www rtd com CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 104
45. e SSD sockets of the cpuModule 5 CN16 JP6 CN18 8 CN19 5 CN7 Ball CNG alg 3 la CN17 3 gk BS 2 9 J CNS pon HEBIooooootoooooooOoOoOoOoOoOoOOOOOOOOO oe TEIBISES9 0990909090969 SS m Figure 3 CML47786HX Connector Locations Pin 1 of each connector is indicated by a square solder pad on the bottom of the PC board and a white box silkscreened on the top of the board CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 24 Table 4 CML47786HX Connectors 10 100 Base T and TX Base T and TX 10 pin 10 pin 2mm EL Fan Power 2 Pin 2mm 125V 2 GND Continuous Fan Power 2 Pin 2mm 125V 2 GND JP8 RTC Battery 2 Pin 2mm 1 Vbatt 2 GND CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 25 Auxiliary Power CN3 WARNING If you improperly connect power the module will almost certainly be destroyed Please verify power connections to the module before applying power The power supply can be conveyed to the module either through the PC 104 Plus bus CN1 CN2 CN16 or through the Auxiliary Power Connector CN3 The cpuModule only uses 5 VDC and ground 12 VDC 12 VDC and 5 VDC may be required on other PC 104 boards in the system Table 5 Auxiliary Power Connector CN3 J Signa Function Ee SN forou p 5v 5 e NotConnecied 2VotsDo 5 fev 5Votsbc p 12V vons fe Grund
46. e jumper settings and locations e solder jumper settings and locations e mechanical dimensions processor thermal management CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 87 Jumpers Solder Jumper Settings Many cpuModule options are configured by positioning jumpers Jumpers are labeled on the board as JP followed by a number Some jumpers are three pins allowing three settings e pins 1 and 2 connected indicated as 1 2 e pins2 and 3 connected indicated as 2 3 e no pins connected Loo Some jumpers are two pin allowing two settings e pins 1 and 2 connected indicated as closed e pins 1 and 2 un connected indicated as open 1 2 Solder jumpers are set at the factory and are rarely changed Solder jumpers are located on the mod ule s solder side and component side The figures below shows the locations of the jumpers and solder jumpers used to configure the cpu Module To use the figure position the module with the PC 104 bus connector at the six o clock po sition and the component side facing up The table below lists the jumpers and their settings CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 88 JP5 CN16 JP6 99999999999999999999999999 99999999999999999999999999 CN19 CN CNG CN17 Hi alg iw 2 j 2 J CNS pon HEBJooooooeooooooooOoOoOoOoOoOoOoOOOOOOO
47. es a memory read operation Devices us ing this signal must decode the address on lines LA23 LA17 and SA19 SAO MEMW IO This active low signal indicates a memory write operation Devices us ing this signal must decode the address on lines LA23 LA17 and SA19 SAO OSC OSCillator clock with a 70 ns period and a 50 duty cycle It is a 14 31818 MHz always presents REFRESH This cpuModule does not support refresh on the ISA bus This pin is pulled high with a 4 7 ohm resistor and may be driven by another card in the PC 104 stack This line is active low and indicates that the current bus cycle is a DRAM refresh cycle The refresh cycles are activated ev ery 15 microseconds CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 47 Table 26 PC 104 Bus Signals RESETDRV This line active high is used to reset the devices on the bus at power or after a reset command SAO0 19 Address bits 0 to 19 these lines are used to address the memory space and the I O space SAO is the least significant bit while SA19 is the most significant bit uu This active low signal indicates a transfer of the most significant data byte SD15 SD8 e 15 Data bits these are the high byte data bus lines SD8 is the least signif icant bit SD15 the most significant bit SDO0 7 IO Data bits these are the low byte data bus lines SDO is the least signifi cant bit SD7 the most significant bit SMEMR Memory Read command active low SMEMW o
48. evice is requesting the master to stop the current trans action DEVSEL Device Select is driven by the target device when its address is decoded IDSEL Initialization Device Select is used as a chip select during configuration LOCK Lock indicates an operation that may require multiple transactions to complete Error Reporting PERR Parity Error is for reporting data parity errors SERR System Error is for reporting address parity errors Arbitration REQ Request indicates to the arbitrator that this device desires use of the bus Grant indicates to the requesting device that access has been granted CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 50 System CLK Clock provides timing for all transactions on the PCI bus RST Reset is used to bring PCI specific registers to a known state Interrupts INTA Interrupt A is used to request Interrupts INTB Interrupt B is used to request Interrupts only for multi function devices INTC Interrupt is used to request Interrupts only for multi function devices INTD Interrupt D is used to request Interrupts only for multi function devices Power Supplies and VIO 5V 5 volt supply connected to PC 104 bus and power connector 5V supplies 12V 12 volt supply connected to PC 104 bus and power connector 12V supplies 12V 12 volt supply connected to PC 104 bus and power connector 12V supplies 3 3V 3 3 volt supply
49. f this area may typical change _ DOSmwmeimemeyam Wosmua CS Memory beyond the first megabyte can be accessed in real mode by using EMS or a similar memory manager See your OS or programming language references for information on memory managers CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 58 Input Output Address As with all standard PC 104 boards the Input Output I O space is addressed by 10 address lines SA0 SA9 This allows 210 or 1024 distinct I O addresses Any add on modules you install must therefore use I O addresses in the range 0 1023 decimal or 000 3FF hex If you add any PC 104 modules or other peripherals to the system you must ensure they do not use reserved addresses listed below or malfunctions will occur The exception to this is if the resource has been released by the user The table below lists I O addresses reserved for the cpuModule CMLA7786HX Table 31 I O Addresses Reserved for the cpuModule Address Range 000H 00FH 010H 01FH 020H 021H 022H 02FH 040H 043H 060H 064H 070H 071H 080H 08FH 0AO0H 0A1H 0COH 0DFH OFOH 0FFH 100H 101H 1FOH 1FFH 200H 201H 238H 23BH 2E8H 2EFH 2F8H 2FFH 378H 37FH 3BCH 3BFH 3E8H 3EFH p e Ecc 8 Hard disk Serial port 2 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 59 Table 31 I O Addresses Reserved for the cpuModule Continued Floppy disk 3FOH 3F7H aDIO
50. for handling interrupt requests in the PC is the 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller To use interrupts you need to know how to read and set the 8259 s interrupt mask reg ister IMR and how to send the end of interrupt EOI command to the 8259 Interrupt Mask Register IMR Each bit in the interrupt mask register IMR contains the mask status of an line bit 0 is for IRQO bit 1 is for IRQI and so on If a bit is set equal to 1 then the corresponding IRQ is masked and it will not generate an interrupt If a bit is clear equal to 0 then the corresponding is un masked and can generate interrupts The IMR is programmed through port 21H Writing an Interrupt Service Routine The first step in adding interrupts to your software is to write the interrupt service routine ISR This is the routine that will automatically be executed each time an interrupt request occurs on the spec ified IRQ An ISR is different than standard routines that you write First on entrance the processor registers should be pushed onto the stack BEFORE you do anything else Second just before exiting your ISR you must clear the interrupt status flag of the DM5812 and write an end of interrupt com mand to the 8259 controller Finally when exiting the ISR in addition to popping all the registers you pushed on entrance you must use the IRET instruction and not a plain RET The IRET automat ically pops the flags CS and IP that were pushed when
51. fore the internal temperature limit of the CPU is reached throt tling may occur within the operating temperature range of the cpuModule When thermal throttling is disabled the CPU will operate at its maximum speed regardless of tem perature CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 64 Direct Hardware Control Some of the cpuModule hardware is controlled directly without using BIOS routines These include Advanced Digital I O aDIO Watchdog Timer Real Time Clock Control Parallel Port Control The following sections describe use of these features CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 65 Advanced Digital I O Ports aDIO This board supports 16 bits of TTL CMOS compatible digital I O TTL signalling plus two strobe inputs Use the BIOS setup to set the multiPort into its aDIO mode These I O lines are grouped into two ports port 0 and port 1 Port 0 is bit direction programmable and Port 1 is byte program mable Port 0 supports RTD s two Advanced Digital Interrupt modes ADI The two modes are match and event Match mode generates an interrupt when an eight bit pattern is received in parallel that matches the match mask register The second ADI mode generates an interrupt when a change occurs on any bit In either mode masking can be used to monitor selected lines When the CPU boots all digital I O line are programmed as inputs What this condition means is the digital I O line s initial state is undetermined If t
52. formation on various SSD device types Solid State Disk memories are placed in SSD socket U16 The following table lists possible configurations for the SSD socket Table 28 SSD Devices SSD Support Atmel 5V Flash 29C010A 128KB BIOS Extension DiskOnChip pee Devices Boot Block Flash DoR mo ml m 3 B CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 55 Configuring with the RTD Enhanced Award BIOS The cpuModule Setup program allows you to customize the cpuModule s configuration Selections made in Setup are stored on the board and are read by the BIOS at power on The BIOS setup utility includes a help pane that describes each option For more information about the BIOS options please contact the factory Starting Setup You can run Setup by Re boot the cpuModule and repeatedly press the Del key When you are finished with Setup save your changes and exit The system will automatically reboot Using the Setup Program displays in Setup consist of two areas The left area lists the available selections The right area displays help messages which you should always read Field Selection You move between fields in Setup using the keys listed below Table 29 BIOS Setup Utility Keys Function move between fields selects next previous values in fields Go to the submenu for the field or list options of current field to previous menu then to exit
53. g table gives the pinout of the serial port connector when RS422 or RS485 modes are enabled Table 10 Serial Port in RS 422 485 Mode Sina Foncion wout Ho e p id Reserved 3 RXD Receive Data _ 4 TXb Transmit Data 0 e RxD Receive Data Reserved Reserved anD Signar ground Facing the serial port connector the pinout is pun CNET dn out So TXD Transmit Data 3 n fe NN ES Er ues put J5 9 7 5 3 1 GND GND when using RS485 Mode When using the serial port in RS485 mode the serial transmitters are enabled and disabled under software control The transmitters are en abled by manipulating the Request To Send RTS signal of the serial port controller This signal is controlled by writing bit 1 of the Modem Control Register MCR as follows If MCR bit 1 1 then RTS 0 and serial transmitters are disabled If MCR bit 1 2 0 then RTS 1 and serial transmitters are enabled For more information on the serial port registers including the MCR please refer to a standard PC AT hardware reference for the 16550 type UART CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 30 multiPort CN6 Parallel Port Mode The parallel port is available on connector CN6 Make sure the BIOS setup sets the multiPort to parallel port You can use the
54. gnaling e Pads 2 3 shorted is 3 3 Volt signaling Default Setting B2 Two position solder jumper to connect USB shield ground to frame ground Default is not connected B3 Three position solder jumper to select the source of 3 3V on the PCI bus e 2 3 PC 104 Plus PCI bus 3 3 volts supplied by on board 3 3 volt reg ulator Maximum current source is two 2 amps e 1 2 PC 104 Plus PCI bus 3 3 volts supplied by power connector P9 pins 10 and 12 Default setting B4 Two position solder jumper to connect frame ground to digital ground De fault is not connected 5 Two position solder jumper to connect Ethernet shield ground to frame ground Default is not connected B CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 91 Mechanical Dimensions The following figure shows mechanical dimensions of the module Dimensions are in inches mm Due D LN s P c 2 Mp les DRE Yes fin e x En 3 350 a UD Gay OU T O to 550 SEN CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 92 Processor Thermal Management The industrial grade processor IC of the cpuModule must receive adequate cooling to ensure proper operation and good reliability The case temperature of the processor must not exceed 100 C CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 93 CML47786HX R
55. he digital I O lines must power up to a known state an external 10 K Ohm resistor must be added to pull the line high or low Additionally when the CPU boots up interrupts 5 7 10 11 and 12 are masked off Setup Register Descriptions The aDIO has a Setup Register and four Runtime Registers The Setup Register is set by the BIOS and can be adjusted by entering the BIOS Setup Utility and going to Integrated Peripherals See Configuring with the RTD Enhanced Award BIOS on page 56 for more details The Setup Register may also be read by the driver to determine the base address and interrupt of the aDIO aDIO Watchdog Setup Register I O Port 0x1F aDIO WDT Setup m py o a 9 aDIO Base DIO rg Or ow om CC 9 0 sebBOS 0 aDIO Base 2 0 Selects the base address for aDIO and the Watchdog Timer based on the following ta ble aDIO Base 2 0 aDIO Base Watchdog Timer Runtime I O Address Register I O Address E 0x444 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 66 aDIO IRQ 2 0 Selects the Interrupt assigned to the aDIO based on the following table aDIO IRQ Z 0 Interrupt Disabled fmo mo Reseed m Reserved Runtime Register Descriptions The location of the Runtime registers for the digital I O lines is determined by the value in aDIO WDT Setup aDIO Base These 8 bit registers are written to zero upon power up The register map for t
56. he runtime region is shown below aDIO Runtime Registers Offset Register Name p Port 0 Data Porti Data D10 Centroi CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 67 Digital I O Register Set Port 0 Data I O address Base 0 m T T9 Te I9 P0 7 P0 6 P0 5 P0 4 P0 3 P0 2 1 Port 0 Data register is a read write bit direction programmable register A particular bit can be set to input or output A read of an input bit returns the value of port 0 A read of an output bit returns the last value written to Port 0 A write to an output bit sends that value to port zero Port 1 data I O address aDIO Base 1 m I IT P1 7 P1 6 P1 5 P1 4 P1 3 P1 2 P1 1 P1 0 Port 1 Data register is a read write byte direction programmable register A read on this register when it is programmed to input will read the value at the DIO connector A write on this register when it is programmed as output will write the value to the DIO connector A read on this register when it is set to output will read the last value sent to the DIO connector Multi Function I O address aDIO_Base 2 m p Te Te Te T Iw Multi Function register is a read write register whose contents are set by the DIO Control register See the DIO Control register description for a description of this register CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 68 DIO Control I O address aDIO Base 3 Read Access
57. hes on add in boards and 3 3 volt power source for the expansion cards PCI Bus Signaling Levels The PCI bus can operate at 3 3 or 5 volt signaling levels This is controlled by solder blob jumper B1 and is configured at the factory for 3 3 volts from on board If you desire to use 5 volt signaling because you are connecting cards to the bus that require 5 volt signaling you have to change the sol der blob jumper B1 See Jumpers and Solder Jumper Settings on page 88 for details WARNING The bus can only operate as 3 3 Volt signaling OR 5 volt signaling not both You will have to ensure that all your ex pansion card can operate together at a single signaling level Slot Selection Switches Unlike PC 104 cards PC 104 Plus expansion cards have a slot selection switch or jumpers In total there are 4 PCI cards that can be stacked onto the cpuModule with switch positions 0 through 3 The distance from the CPU determines these switch settings The card closest to the CPU is said to be in slot the next closest slot 1 and so on to the final card as slot 3 This requirement means that all PC 104 Plus cards must be stacked either on the top or the bottom of the CPU not on both sides The slot setting method may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer but the concept is the same The CPU is designed to provide the correct delay to the clock signals to compensate for the bus length The correct switch setting ensures the p
58. hnical Support If after following the above steps you still cannot resolve a problem with your cpuModule please assemble the following information cpuModule model BIOS version and serial number list of all boards in system list of settings from cpuModule Setup program printout of autoexec bat and config sys files if applicable description of problem circumstances under which problem occurs Then contact factory technical support Phone 814 234 8087 Fax 814 234 5218 E mail techsupport rtd com CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 100 How to Return a Product If you wish to return a product to the factory for service please follow this procedure CML47786HX 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Read the Limited Warranty to familiarize yourself with our warranty policy Please have the following available Complete board name Board serial number A detailed description of the board s behavior Contact the factory for a Return Merchandise Authorization RMA number Write a detailed description of the situation or problem Include as much information as possible List the name of a contact person familiar with technical details of the problem or situation along with their phone and fax numbers address and e mail address if available List your shipping address Indicate the shipping method you would like used to return the product to you We will not ship by next day service withou
59. in positions have the pin cut on the bottom of the board and the hole plugged in the connector to prevent misalignment of stacked modules This is a feature of the PC 104 specification and should be implemented on all mating PC 104 modules Signals marked with are active low bus lines can drive a maximum current of 4 mA at TTL voltage levels PC 104 Bus Signals The following table contains brief descriptions of the PC 104 bus signals Table 26 PC 104 Bus Signals AEN Address ENable when this line is active high it means a DMA trans fer is being performed and therefore the DMA controller has control over the data bus the address bus and the control lines BALE Bus Address Latch Enable active high When active it indicates that address lines SAO to SA19 are valid CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 46 Table 26 PC 104 Bus Signals DACKx E DMA ACKnowledge x 0 7 active low used to acknowledge re quests DRQx I Request x 0 7 these are asynchronous lines used by peripheral devices to request DMA service They have increasing priority from DRQO up to DRQ7 A DMA request is performed by setting the DRQ line high and keeping it high until the corresponding DACK line is ac tivated ENDXFR IO This is the only synchronous signal of the PC 104 bus and it is active low It indicates that the current bus cycle must be performed with 0 wait states It is used only for 16 bit boards IOCHC
60. ins the Fail Safe Boot ROM acts as an example of what can be programmed into the flash chip Last Fail Safe Boot ROM allows files to be transferred on or off the storage devices in the system by use of REMSERV and REMDISK two ROM DOS utilities If the user would need remote access to the system run REMSERV on the target system and REM DISK on the host system The end result would be that the storage devices on the target system would appear as additional drives on the host system Information could then be transferred between hard disks by using a standard NULL Modem cable over a serial port REMSERV makes the con nection appear as an additional drive to the user For details concerning this type of access please refer to the ROM DOS user s guide shipped with your board By default boards are shipped with fail safe boot ROM en able When Fail Safe Boot ROM is enabled the system will boot to it exclusively The first time your system will boot to the DOS prompt at the first available drive letter If you do not intend to use REMSERV or REMDISK or you intend to boot from another device you will need to disable Fail Safe Boot ROM See the steps below for the method to disable it e Reset the system by either shutting it off and turning it on or by using the reset button while the system is booting repeatedly press the DEL key to enter the BIOS setup e Choose INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS using the arrow keys and enter e Once in INT
61. isadvantages of using the Conventional SSD include e Requires external utility program and device programmer to program 12 volt Flash AMD 5 volt Flash or EPROM e Limited memory size The following memory devices or their equivalents may be used for a Conventional SSD Access times for all devices must be 150 ns or less and all devices must be in 32 pin DIP packages Atmel 29C010A 29C020A or 29C040A 12 V Flash 28F010 28F020 5 V Flash 29F010 29F040 SRAM 128Kx8 512Kx8 NOVRAM Dallas Semiconductor DS1645Y DS1650Y EPROM 27 010 27C020 27C040 27C080 Installing a Conventional SSD using Atmel 5 volt only Flash To install an SSD using Atmel Flash follow this procedure Apply power to the cpuModule and run Setup Set SSD socket 1 or 2 to the appropriate Atmel device type Set SSD Window to a value which will not conflict with other hardware or software NOTE The memory window selected for DOC must not be used by any other program or hardware device Make sure this window is not in use by 386 or another memory manager or an Ethernet card PCMCIA card etc e Save your changes and exit Setup Turn off the cpuModule nstall the memory device into the socket Reboot the cpuModule The SSD should appear as the next available drive in your system Format the SSD using the DOS format command NOTE If you wish to make the SSD bootable you must format it using the s switch of the format co
62. lt BIOS settings This configu ration allows you to boot to non volatile onboard ROM DOSTM CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 11 Cable Kits For maximum flexibility cables are not provided with the cpuModule You may wish to purchase our cable kit for the cpuModule The XK CM43 cable kit contains the following e Utility Board Cable keyboard mouse battery reset speaker SVGA COM ports Multi Function Port IDE Cable for 3 5 Hard Drive IDE Cable for 2 5 Hard Drive 10 100 base T and TX 10 Pin DIL TO RJ 45 Audio Adapter 10 Pin DIL to 3 mini jack connectors Power cable DIL 12 to wire leads Dual USB cable CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 12 Connecting Power WARNING If you improperly connect power the module will almost certainly be damaged or destroyed Such damage is not warranted Please verify connections to the module before applying power Power is normally supplied to the cpuModule through the PC 104 bus connectors CN1 and CN2 If you are placing the cpuModule onto a PC 104 stack that has a power supply you do not need to make additional connections to supply power If you are using the cpuModule without a PC 104 stack or with a stack that does not include a power supply refer to Auxiliary Power CN3 on page 26 for more details CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 13 Connecting the utility cable The Multifunction connector CN5 implements the following
63. mmand Refer to your DOS manual for more in formation on format f you wish to boot from the SSD make it diskette A CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 84 Installing a Conventional SSD using SRAM or NOVRAM When the Solid State Disk is composed of SRAM or NOVRAM it appears as a read write disk and may be read and written using normal DOS disk commands To install an SRAM or NOVRAM SSD you should follow this procedure e Apply power to the cpuModule and run Setup Set SSD socket 1 or 2 to the appropriate SRAM or NOVRAM device type e Set SSD Window to a value which will not conflict with other hardware or software NOTE The memory window selected for DOC must not be used by any other program or hardware device Make sure this window is not in use by EMM386 or another memory manager or an Ethernet card PCMCIA card etc Save your changes and exit Setup Turn off the cpuModule Install the memory device into the cpuModule socket Reboot the cpuModule The SSD should appear as the next available drive in your system Format the SSD using the DOS format command If you wish to make the SSD bootable you must format it using the s switch of the format command Refer to your DOS manual for more information on the format command If you wish to boot from the SSD make it diskette A Notes on Formatting an SRAM or NOVRAM SSD For most purposes you can format the SRAM or NOVRAM SSD as you would a 1 44MB floppy
64. ms a series of hardware tests sets up the machine as defined in Setup and begins the boot of the OS The second part of the BIOS is known as the CORE BIOS It is the normal interface between cpu Module hardware and the operating system which is in control It is active from the time the OS boots until the cpuModule is turned off The CORE BIOS provides the system with a series of soft ware interrupts to control various hardware devices For more information about the BIOS please see Configuring the cpuModule BIOS Setup on page 53 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 63 Thermal Throttling The CML47786HX cpuModule supports thermal throttling Thermal throttling allows the CPU to continue operating at a lower clock rate when the CPU core exceeds a temperature limit The power consumption and heat dissipation are therefore lowered reducing the thermal stress on the CPU The CPU will return to its normal speed when the temperature returns to 10C below the throttling threshold Thermal throttling is enabled in the BIOS Setup utility There are three levels 2596 5096 and 75 which are the percent of full speed that the CPU will operate at when throttled For example with throttling set to 75 a 400 MHz CPU will operate at 300 MHz during excessive temperatures When enabled thermal throttling is started and stopped without any intervention from the operating system or application software Because thermal throttling starts be
65. ng of the modules does not damage connectors or electronics WARNING Do not force the module onto the stack Wiggling the mod ule or applying too much pressure may damage it If the module does not readily press into place remove it check for bent pins or out of place keying pins and try again Turn off power to the PC 104 system or stack Select and install standoffs to properly position the cpuModule on the PC 104 stack Touch a grounded metal part of the rack to discharge any buildup of static electricity Remove the cpuModule from its anti static bag Check that keying pins in the bus connector are properly positioned Check the stacking order make sure an XT bus card will not be placed between two AT bus cards or it will interrupt the AT bus signals Hold the cpuModule by its edges and orient it so the bus connector pins line up with the matching connector on the stack Gently and evenly press the cpuModule onto the PC 104 stack CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 16 Connecting to the PC 104 Plus PCI Bus The cpuModule is simply plugged onto a PC 104 stack Other PC 104 Plus boards may then con nect to the cpuModule s PC 104 Plus bus connector Supplying power to the PCI bus is provided by the cpuModule We recommend you follow the procedure described for the PC 104 bus There are three additional considerations when using the PCI bus PCI Bus signaling level the slot selection switc
66. nnector 41 USB Connector CN17 42 10 100 Base T and TX Connector CN20 43 AUCH CONDE oss eto e ott t Cte uet eh ate ie tinte 44 PC TO4 B us CNI and ENZ 45 PC 104 Plus PCI Bus CN16 pae 49 Configuring the cpuModule BIOS Setup 53 Disabling Fail Safe Boot ROM eene 54 Installing SSD Memory ie Eee Pea Uer eee ER ean 55 Configuring with the RTD Enhanced A ward BIOS 56 Using 57 Memory quietis icd ai neu tas 58 Input Output Address ues re aia 59 Hardware Interrupts psec site es pra qe apa YO qu eee 61 The RTD Enhanced Award BIOS eese 63 Thermal Throttling sssri teer torn ne run eet e E Ma oaa 64 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Direct Hardware Control en ne 65 Advanced Digital I O Ports aDIO eene 66 Basic Interrupt Information for Programmers 72 Watchdog Timer Control Gadel eatin 75 Multi C olor LED one etie 78 Real Time Clock Control eene 79 Parallel eiu eu idem desde 80 Storing Applications On board seeeeeeereee 8l Ways to Use the S
67. not connected to boot connect power cable to floppy or hard drive drive Atmel Flash shows disk part smaller than 1 44MB was ignore disk space remaining messages space available but it can formatted as 1 44MB it will from DOS not be written show space available even REMEMBER A bootable disk contains 3 when full hidden files plus format info totalling about 150kB will not boot from DiskOn DiskOnChip is not the only disable other hard drive s in system Chip hard drive in system using wrong DiskOnChip change to correct 32 pin DiskOnChip device not 32 pin Boot device not set to Hard run Setup and set boot device to Hard disk Drive CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 96 erratic operation excessive bus loading reduce number of PC 104 modules in stack remove termination components from bus signals remove any power supply bus termina tions power supply noise examine power supply output with oscillo scope glitches below 4 75Vdc will trigger a reset add bypass caps power supply limiting examine power supply output with oscillo scope check for voltage drop below 4 75 V when hard drive or floppy drive starts add bypass caps temperature too high add fan processor heatsink or other cool ing device s memory address conflict check for two hardware devices e g Ethernet SSD Arcnet PCMCIA trying to use the same memory address check for two software devices e g 386 PCMCIA drive
68. off the corresponding bit in the DIO Compare register Writing a one to a bit in this register masks off the corresponding bit in the DIO Compare register When all bits are masked off the DIOs comparator is disabled This condition means Event and Match mode will not generate an interrupt This register is used by Event and Match modes Compare Register A Read Write register used for Match Mode Bit values in this register that are not masked off are compared against the value on Port 0 A match or Event causes bit 6 of DIO Control to be set and if the DIO is in Advanced interrupt mode the Match or Event causes an interrupt CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 69 Interrupts The Digital I O can use interrupts 5 7 10 11 and 12 The mapped interrupt numbers are OxOD OxOF 0x72 0x73 and 0x74 in HEX respectfully or 13 15 114 115 and 116 in decimal respectful ly To use any of the 5 listed interrupts set the interrupt aside for an ISA legacy device To set the interrupts aside enter the BIOS under PNP PCI CONFIGURATION Select Resources Controlled By and change the interrupt s you wish to use to Legacy ISA The interrupts you wish to use must then be selected in the Integrated Peripherals section of the BIOS under aDIO IRQ Advanced Digital Interrupts There are three advanced digital interrupt modes available These three modes are Event Match and Strobe The use of these three modes is to monitor state change
69. olid State Disk Sockets 82 Using BIOS Extension Devices inanes eset te toit 83 Using Conventional Solid State Devices 84 Hardware Reference 87 Jumpers and Solder Jumper Settings 88 Mechanical Dimensions ded 92 Processor Thermal Management see 93 Troubleshooting 95 Common Problems and Solutions eeeeees 96 Troubleshooting a PC 104 System eene 99 How to Obtain Technical Support 100 How to Return PrOQUCL i irte ua bre oce EO ids 101 Limited Warranty 103 Table Of Figures 47786 Block Diagram 2 eren 3 47786 Basic Connector Locations 10 47786 Connector Locations eene 24 CMLA7786HX Jumper Locations Top 89 CMLA7786HX Jumper Locations Bottom 90 Table Of Tables SSD Conventional Devices ssis aaa a a e 7 SSD BIOS Extension Devices ssoseneeesosssseseseesessssesoreeeessssssereeess 7 Power Cons ump Ones ee 8 CMLA7786HX Connectors ccccessccccecececessersecececeeeesesssteaeeeseeeeeee
70. pin CN17 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 7 EIDE Hard Drive Connector 44 pin CN9 10 100 Base T and TX connector 10 pin CN18 AC97 Audio input and output 10 pin CN11 CMOS Battery Connector 2 pin JP8 Fan Power Connectors 2 pin JP3 and JP7 Physical Characteristics e Weight mass 4 5 ounces 130 grams e PCB 14 layer mixed surface mount and through hole Operating environment e Power supply 5V 5 20 Watts e Operating temperature 40 to 80 degrees C case with proper cooling See Processor Thermal Management on page 105 e Storage temperature 55 to 125 degrees e Operating relative humidity 0 to 95 non condensing Power Consumption Exact power consumption depends on the peripherals connected to the board the selected SSD con figuration and the memory configuration The table below lists power consumption for typical configurations and clock speeds Table 3 Power Consumption Module Speed RAM SSD Consumption Consumption Typical Maximum CMLA7786HX 400 MHz 32 128 or 256 11 6W MB CMLA7786HX 650 MHz 32 128 or 256 14 5 W MB CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 8 CHAPTER 2 GETTING STARTED For many users the factory configuration of the cpuModule can be used to get a PC 104 system operational If you are one of these users you can get your system up and running quickly by following a few simple steps described in this chapter Briefly these steps are Connect
71. power Connect the utility cable Connect a keyboard Default BIOS Configuration Fail Safe Boot ROM Connect a VGA monitor to the SVGA connector Refer to the remainder of this chapter for details on each of these steps CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 9 Basic Connector Locations The following figure and table show the connectors used in this chapter JP5 CN18 JP6 9999999999999999999999 99999999999999999909999 999999909909999999999999 UT 31 9999999999999999999999 H CN 11 CN18 CN19 CN CNG CN17 AMBEZIKO NO pp vA B5 m CN20 oo som EE PE HEBooooosooooooOoO0O0O0000000000000 HETjoooooooooooooo0000000000000000 0 0 CN2 CN9 Figure 2 CML47786HX Basic Connector Locations For a complete listing of connectors please refer to Connector Locations on page 24 Pin 1 of each connector is indicated by a square solder pad on the bottom of the PC board and a white square silk screened on the top of the board CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 10 Fail safe boot ROM Fail Safe Boot ROM is supplied with the board This feature is programmed into a surface mount flash chip The programmed boot ROM is ROM DOS M Fail Safe Boot ROM allows the system to boot without any attached storage devices i e floppy IDE SSD Installing jumper JP5 will force the cpuModule to use fail safe boot ROM as well as load the defau
72. roper clock delay setting interrupt assignment and bus grant request channel assignment Refer to the expansion board s manual for the proper settings Each expansion card must be in a different slot CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 17 PCI Bus Expansion Card Power 5 Volt DC The 5 volt power pins on the PC 104 Plus PCI bus are directly connected to the 5 volt pins on the PC 104 connector and the power connector CN3 pins 2 and 8 5 volt expansion boards can be powered directly from these pins 3 3 Volt DC The default source for the 3 3 volt power pins on the PC 104 Plus PCI bus is the power connector CN3 or a PC 104 Plus power supply The 3 3V can also be supplied from an on board power con verter The on board 5 volt to 3 3 volt converter is capable of suppling a maximum of 2 Amps of 3 3 volts to the PCI bus To use the on board power supply change solder blob B3 See Jumpers and Solder Jumper Settings on page 88 for details CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 18 Booting the cpuModule for the First Time You can now apply power to the cpuModule You will see a greeting message from the VGA BIOS and then e the cpuModule BIOS version information e a message requesting you press Del to enter the Setup program If you don t press Del the cpuModule will try to boot from the current settings If you press Del the cpuModule will enter Setup Once you have configured the cpuModule using Set
73. rs etc trying to use the same memory addresses check for hardware and software devices trying to use the same memory address check for an address range shadowed see Advanced Setup screen while in use by another hardware or software device I O address conflict check for another module trying to use I O addresses reserved for the cpuModule be tween 010h and O1Fh check for two modules e g dataModules PCMCIA cards Ethernet trying to use the same I O addresses keyboard does not work keyboard interface damaged check if keyboard LEDs light by misconnection wrong keyboard type verify keyboard is an AT type or switch to AT mode floppy drive light always on cable misconnected check for floppy drive cable connected backwards two hard drives will not both drives configured for set one drive for master and the other for work but one does master slave operation consult drive documenta tion floppy does not work data error due to drive up orient drive properly upright or on its side down side CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 97 will not boot when video illegal calls to video controller look for software trying to access non ex card is removed istent video controller for video sound or beep commands COM port will not work in not configured for RS422 485 correctly configure serial port in Setup RS422 or RS485 modes program COM port will not transmit not enabling transmitters control RTS bit of
74. s 25 Auxiliary Power Connector trou seien tae cau pede ve 26 Serial Port Base Address and IRQ Options 28 Serial Port in RS 232 Mode sese 28 RS 422 Serial Port Connections 29 RS 485 Serial Port Connections esee 29 Serial Port in RS 422 485 Mode sss 30 multiPort Parallel Port Connector Pinout CN6 31 multiPort Advanced Digital I O Connector Pinout CN6 32 multiPort Connector Floppy Pinout CN6 33 Multifunction Connector CNS sess 35 Keyboard Connector Pins on CNS eee 36 VGA Video Connector CN18 eese 37 Supported Video Resolutions and BIOS Settings 37 Flat Panel Video Connector CN19 38 EIDE Connector CN esi sei recettes n t esed e Uere bas Veste 39 Bus Mouse Connector CN4 ou ceccceccccccccccecsssessececesececeessnseaeeeseeseeeees 41 USB Connector CNIT e eG tea 42 10 100 Base T and TX Connector CN20 43 Audio Connector CN11 eese eene eene nennen 44 PC 104 XT Bus Connector eene 45 PC 104 AT Bus Connector CN2 eee nnn 46 104 Bus Signals efte Seti 46 PC 104 Plus Bus Signal Assignments
75. s at the DIO connector The three modes are selected with bits D 4 3 of the DIO Control Register Event Mode When this mode is enable Port 0 is latched into the DIO Compare register at 8 33 MHz There is a deglitching circuit inside the DIO circuitry The deglitching requires pulses on Port 0 to be at least 120 nanoseconds in width As long as changes are present longer than that the event is guaranteed to register Pulses as small as 60 nanoseconds can register as an event but they must occur between the rising and falling edge of the 8 33 MHz clock To enter Event mode set bits D 4 3 of the DIO Control register to a 10 Match Mode When this mode is enabled Port 0 is latched into the DIO Compare register at 8 33 MHz There is a deglitching circuit inside the DIO circuitry The deglitching requires pulses on Port 0 to be at least 120 nanoseconds in width As long as changes are present longer than that the match is guaranteed to register Pulses as small as 60 nanoseconds can register as a match but they must occur between the rising and falling edge of the 8 33 MHz clock To enter Match mode set bits D 4 3 of the DIO Control register to 11 Make sure bit 3 is set BEFORE writing the DIO Compare register If you do not set bit 3 first the contents of the DIO Compare register could be lost The reason for this is that Event mode latches in Port 0 into the DIO Compare register at an 8 33 MHz rate CLOCK DIGITAL INP
76. s of God or other contingencies beyond the control of RTD Embedded Technologies OR AS A RESULT OF SERVICE OR MODIFICATION BY ANYONE OTHER THAN RTD Embedded Technologies EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE NO OTHER WARRANTIES ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FIT NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND RTD Embedded Technologies EXPRESSLY DIS CLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES FOR MECHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THIS WARRANTY IN THE EVENT THE PRODUCT IS NOT FREE FROM DEFECTS AS WARRANTED ABOVE THE PURCHASER S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS PROVID ED ABOVE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL RTD Embedded Technologies BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER OR ANY USER FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY INCIDEN TAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EXPENSES LOST PROFITS LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State Colleg
77. t your pre approval Carefully package the product using proper anti static packaging Write the RMA number in large 1 letters on the outside of the package 10 Return the package to RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 USA RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 101 CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 102 CHAPTER 8 LIMITED WARRANTY RTD Embedded Technologies Inc warrants the hardware and software products it manufactures and produces to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year following the date of shipment from RTD Embedded Technologies INC This warranty is limited to the original pur chaser of product and is not transferable During the one year warranty period RTD Embedded Technologies will repair or replace at its op tion any defective products or parts at no additional charge provided that the product is returned shipping prepaid to Embedded Technologies replaced parts and products become the property of RTD Embedded Technologies Before returning any product for repair customers are required to contact the factory for an RMA number THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE such as use of incorrect input voltages improper or insufficient ventilation failure to follow the operating instructions that are provided by RTD Embedded Technologies act
78. the cpuModule plus de tailed information on storing applications and system functions and us ing utility programs Hardware Reference Lists jumpers and their locations and mechanical dimensions Troubleshooting Offers advice on debugging problems with your system Warranty RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 3 The CML47786HX cpuModule The PC 104 cpuModules described in this manual are designed for industrial applications which re quire software and hardware compatibility with the PC AT world high speed number crunching operation low power consumption small physical dimensions high reliability good noise immunity This cpuModule is highly integrated combining all major functions of a PC AT computer on one compact board It integrates all primary I O functions of a AT compatible computer SVGA controller Analog SVGA and Digital TFT outputs UltraDMA 33 66 100 EIDE Controller a keyboard interface parallel port two versatile RS232 422 485 serial ports a Real Time Clock a speaker port a PS 2 mouse port two USB ports AC97 and Sound Blaster compatible audio port One twisted pair 10 100 Base T and TX connection based on an Intel 82559ER PHY It also enhances standard AT compatible computer systems by adding CML47786HX 4 Solid State Disk socket Non volatile configuration without a battery Watchdog Timer Fail Safe Boot ROM A multiPort that can be configured as an ECP EPP Parallel Port 18 bit
79. to an external speaker The external speaker should have 8 ohm impedance and be connected between pins 1 and 2 Keyboard An AT compatible keyboard can be connected to the Multifunction connector Usually PC key boards come with a cable ending with a 5 pin male PS 2 connector The following table lists the re lationship between the Multifunction connector pins and a standard PS 2 keyboard connector CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 35 Table 15 Keyboard Connector Pins on CN5 Sims Function T PSB 5 keo Keyboard Data ires e kec Keyboard Clock s zo joo feon p p Kee keyboard Power 5 Vois A System Reset Pin 3 of the multifunction connector allows connection of an external push button to manually reset the system The push button should be normally open and connect to ground when pushed Power Switch Pin 4 of the multifunction connector allows connection of an external push button switch to act as an ATX power switch or standby switch The push button should be normally open and connect to ground when pushed Battery Pin 9 of the multifunction connector is the connection for an external backup battery in the range 2 40 V to 4 15 V typically 3 0 or 3 6 V This battery is used by the cpuModule when system power is removed to preserve the date and time in the Real Time Clock and preserve SRAM contents if the SSD jumpers are configured for battery backup CML47786H
80. unction X then function X is essentially being called while it is already active Such a reentrance attempt spells disaster because DOS functions are not written to support it This is a complex concept and you do not need to understand it Just make sure that you do not call any DOS functions from within your ISR The one wrinkle is that unfortunately it is not obvious which library routines included with your compiler use DOS functions rule of thumb is that routines which write to the screen or check the status of or read the keyboard and any disk I O routines use DOS and should be avoided in your ISR The same problem of reentrance exists for many floating point emulators as well meaning you may have to avoid floating point math in your ISR CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 73 Refer to the DOS drivers that were shipped with this board or download them from our web site www rtd com The drivers are commented to help clarify their meaning Reading through the DOS drivers will give valuable insight into the board functionality CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 74 Watchdog Timer Control The cpuModule includes a Watchdog Timer which provides protection against programs hang ing or getting stuck in an execution loop where they cannot respond correctly The watchdog timer consists of a counter a reset generator and an interrupt generator When the counter reaches the interrupt time out
81. up save your changes and reboot By default boards are shipped with fail safe boot ROM en able When Fail Safe Boot ROM is enabled the system will boot to it exclusively CML47786HX RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 19 Booting to Boot Block Flash with Fail Safe Boot ROM The Fail Safe Boot ROM is a special build of ROM DOS located inside a surface mounted Boot Block Flash chip that is memory mapped to the SSD window Boot Block Flash is a write protected flash device that contains the BIOS and extra room where the Fail Safe Boot ROM is stored in the ROM DISK The build is special because it can understand the ROM DISK format on the flash chip Additionally Fail Safe Boot ROM is an emergency interface accessible by an external computer The ROM DISK contains REMDISK and REMSERVE for remote access to the system s disk drives Due to the size of the flash chip Fail Safe Boot ROM contains an abbreviated selection of the ROM DOS utilities however the complete ROM DOS is contained on a CD shipped with the board The purpose of the Fail Safe Boot ROM is to make the board bootable when the customer receives the cpuModule Fail Safe Boot ROM can be used as an indicator of the board s functionality when booting problems arise with another operating system This test can be accomplished by installing JP5 Installing JP5 forces the cpuModule to boot to Fail Safe Boot ROM as well as load the default BIOS settings The ROM DISK that conta

CML47786HX cpuModuleTM User's Manual

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