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User's Manual ISO TNC 360 (260020xx, 280490xx)

Contents

1. Fig 5 36 Circular path around a pole Defining the direction of rotation You can program the following directions of rotation e Clockwise direction of rotation G12 e Counterclockwise direction of rotation G13 e No direction of rotation defined G15 The tool moves in the direction of rotation defined in an earlier block Program the circle with polar coordinates and clockwise rotation Enter the angle of the arc end point for example H 30 Terminate the block If necessary enter also Radius compensation R Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Resulting NC block G12 H30 5 30 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Example for exercise Milling a full circle Circle center coordinates Radius Milling depth Tool radius Part program S052 G7 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define the workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T25 L 0 R 15 Define the tool N40 125 G17 1500 Call the tool N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle and insert the tool N60 I1 50 J 50 Set the pole N70 G10 R 70 H 280 Pre position in X Y to polar coordinates N80 Z 5 MO3 Pre position to working depth N90 G11 G41 R 50 H 90 F100 Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point N100 G26 R10 Smooth tangential approach N110 G12 H 270 Circle to end point H 270 negative direction of rotation
2. If you will need the current basic rotation later write down the value that appears under ROTATION ANGLE Make a basic rotation for the first side see Compensating workpiece misalignment gt Probe the second side as for a basic rotation but do not set the ROTATION ANGLE to zero PF The angle PA between the workpiece sides appears as the ROTATION ANGLE in the BASIC ROTATION function Cancel the basic rotation Restore the previous basic rotation by setting the ROTATION ANGLE to the value that you wrote down previously 2 22 TNC 360 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 1 Test Run In the TEST RUN mode of operation the TNC checks programs and program sections for the following errors without moving the machine axes e Geometrical incompatibility e Missing data e Impossible jumps The following TNC functions can be used in the TEST RUN operating mode e Test interruption at any block e Optional block skip To do atest run gt TEST RUN TO BLOCK NUMBER Test the entire program Test run functions e Interrupt the test run e Continue test run after interruption 29 TNC 360 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 2 Program Run In the PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE mode of operation the TNC executes a part program continuously to Its end or up to a program stop In the PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK mode of operation you execute each block separately by pressing the machine START button The fol
3. Begin program Define workpiece blank note blank form has changed Define the tool Call the tool Retract the spindle and insert the tool Pre position in the X Y plane Begin program section 1 Program section for machining from X 0 to 50 mm and Y 0 to 100 mm Call LABEL 1 repeat program section between blocks N70 and N150 40 times Retract the tool Pre position for program section 2 Beginning of program section 2 Program section for machining from X 50 to 100 mm and Y 0 to 100 mm Call LABEL 2 repeat program section between blocks N180 and N260 40 times Retract the tool 6 7 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 3 Main Program as Subprogram Principle A program is executed until another program is called block with The called program is executed from beginning to end Execution of the program from which the other program was called is then resumed with the block following the program call N9999 MA N9999 B Fig 6 3 Flow diagram of a main program as subprogram Jump return jump Operating limits e Programs called from an external data storage medium must not contain any subprograms or program section repeats e No labels are needed to call main programs as subprograms e The called program must not contain the miscel laneous functions M2 or M30 e The called program must not contain a jump into the calling program To call
4. N120 135 G17 S100 N130 G84 P01 2 P02 15 P03 0 1 P04 100 N140 L1 0 N150 Z 100 M02 N160 G98 L1 N170 GOO G40 G90 X 15 Y 10 MOS N180 Z 2 N190 L2 0 N200 X 45 Y 60 N210 L2 0 N220 X 75 Y 10 N230 L2 0 N240 G98 LO N250 G98 L2 N260 G79 N270 G91 X 20 M99 N280 Y 20 M99 N290 X 20 G90 M99 N300 G98 LO N9999 S610I G71 Begin program Define the workpiece blank Tool definition for pecking Tool definition for countersinking Tool definition for tapping Tool call for countersinking Cycle definition for pecking Call of subprogram 1 Tool call for pecking Cycle definition for pecking Call of subprogram 1 Tool call for tapping Cycle definition for tapping Call of subprogram 1 Retract the tool end of main program Beginning of subprogram 1 Move to hole group 1 Pre position in the infeed axis Call subprogram 2 Move to hole group 2 Call subprogram 2 Move to hole group 3 Call subprogram 2 End of subprogram 1 Beginning of subprogram 2 Machine holes by sequentially activating the three cycles End of subprogram 2 TNC 360 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 4 Nesting Repeating program section repeats TNC 360 Program layout e g N15 e g N20 e g N27 e g N35 N9999 w REPS G717 G98 Ei pg G98 2 TES Loo eee Program section between this block and G98 L2 block 20 repeated twice E T E Program section betw
5. The machining direction can be varied by changing the entries for start and end angles The input parameters are listed below in blocks N10 to N120 of the part program Part program 46370015 G71 Load data N10 DOO Q01 PO1 X coordinate for center of ellipse N20 DOO Q02 P01 Y coordinate for center of ellipse N30 DOO Q03 P01 Semiaxis in X N40 DOO Q04 P01 Semiaxis in Y N50 DOO Q05 P01 Start angle N60 DOO Q06 P01 End angle N70 DOO Q07 P01 Number of calculating steps N80 DOO Q08 P01 Rotational position N90 DOO Q09 P01 N100 DOO Q10 P01 100 Plunging feed rate N110 DOO Q11 P01 350 Milling feed rate N120 DOO Q12 P01 2 Setup clearance Z N130 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Definition of workpiece blank N140 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N150 G99 T1 L 0 R 2 5 N160 T1 G17 52500 N170 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 Retract in Z N180 L10 0 Call subprogram ellipse N190 GOO Z 100 M02 Retract in Z end of main program Continued FAL 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise 7 18 N200 G98 L10 NZTO GBA AOT FOZ T osiseidpainresi reita rnai iiaia Shift datum to center of ellipse N220 G73 G90 H 08 aseeseensa Activate rotation if Q8 is loaded N230 D02 O35 P01 06 P02 05 N240 D04 O35 P01 035 P02 07 oo Calculate angle increment N250 DOO OSG POT FOD T rrenen nei n r an Current angle for calculation set start angle N260 DOGS POT 40 crc ccastesenatcacacteattencntnintedoonias Set counter for m
6. Process The tool drills at the entered feed rate to the first pecking depth The tool is then retracted at rapid traverse to the Starting position and advances again to the first pecking depth minus the advanced stop dis tance t see calculations The tool advances with another infeed at the programmed feed rate These steps are repeated until the programmed total hole depth is reached After a dwell time at the bottom of the hole the tool is retracted to the starting position at rapid traverse for chip breaking Fig 8 1 PECKING cycle Input data SETUP CLEARANCE Distance between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface TOTAL HOLE DEPTH Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole tip of drill taper PECKING DEPTH Infeed per cut If the TOTAL HOLE DEPTH equals the PECKING DEPTH the tool will drill to the programmed hole depth in one operation The PECKING DEPTH does not have to be a multiple of the TOTAL HOLE DEPTH It the PECKING DEPTH is greater than the TOTAL HOLE DEPTH the tool only advances to the TOTAL HOLE DEPTH DWELL TIME Length of time the tool remains at the total hole depth for chip break ing Calculations The advanced stop distance is automatically calculated by the control 8 4 Total hole depth up to 30 mm t 0 6 mm Total hole depth over 30 mm t Total hole depth 50 maximum advanced stop distance 7 mm TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple
7. TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Reference system In order to define positions one needs a reference system For example positions on the earth s surface can be defined absolutely by their geographic coordinates of longitude and latitude The term coordinate comes from the Latin word for that which is arranged i e dimensions used for determining or defining positions The network of horizontal and ZALANA vertical lines around the globe constitutes an absolute reference system AAR AN in contrast to the relative definition of a position that is referenced for HITTITE example to some other known location GUG Ree WT TT PZ EW 90 0 90 Fig 1 8 The geographic coordinate system is an absolute reference system Cartesian coordinate system On a TNC controlled milling machine a workpiece is normally machined according to a workpiece referenced Cartesian coordinate system a rectangular coordinate system named after the French mathematician and philosopher Ren Descartes Latin Renatus Cartesius 1596 to 1650 The Cartesian coordinate system is based on three coordinate axes X Y and Z which are parallel to the machine guideways The figure to the right illustrates the right hand rule for remembering the three axis directions the middle finger is pointing in the positive direction of the tool axis from the workpiece toward the tool the Z axis the thumb is pointing in the po
8. e the tool penetrates the workpiece at the starting position pocket center e the tool subsequently follows the programmed path at the specified feed rate see Fig 8 9 The cutter begins milling in the positive axis direction of the longer side With square pockets the cutter begins in the positive Y direction At the end of the cycle the tool returns to the starting position Requirements Limitations This cycle requires a center cut end mill ISO 1641 or a separate pilot drilling operation at the pocket center The pocket sides are parallel to the axes of the coordinate system Direction of rotation for roughing out Clockwise direction of rotation G75 Counterclockwise direction of rotation G76 Input data Setup clearance Milling depth Pecking depth FEED RATE FOR PECKING Traversing speed of the tool during penetration e FIRST SIDE LENGTH Length of the pocket parallel to the first main axis of the working plane e SECOND SIDE LENGTH Width of the pocket The signs of the side lengths are always positive e FEED RATE Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane Calculations Stepover factor k kK KXR K Overlap factor preset by the machine tool builder R Cutter radius Rounding radius The pocket corners are rounded with the cutter radius Fig 6 7 Fig 8 8 Fig 8 9 OU y Infeeds and distances for the POCKET MILLING cycle Side lengths of the pocket Tool
9. If the hole angle increment has been entered jump to LBL 10 N250 D04 Q6 P01 360 P02 03 Calculate the hole angle increment distribute holes over 360 N260 G98 L10 N270 D01 Q11 P01 Q5 P02 06 Calculate second hole position from the start angle and hole angle increment N280 1 Q1 J Q2 Set pole at bolt hole circle center N290 G10 G40 G90 R O4H Q05 M03 Move in the plane to 1st hole N300 GOO Z Q07 M99 Move in Z to setup clearance call cycle N310 D01 Q10 P01 Q10 P02 1 Count finished holes N320 D09 P01 010 P02 03 P03 99 Finished N330 G98 L2 N340 G10 R 04 H Q11 M99 Make a second and further holes N350 D01 Q10 P01 Q10 P02 1 Count finished holes N360 D01 Q11 PO1 Q11 P02 Q6 Calculate angle for next hole update N370 D12 P01 Q10 P02 03 P03 2 Not finished N380 G98 L99 N390 GOO G40 G90 Z 200 Retract in Z N400 G98 LO End of subprogram return jump to main program N9999 3600715 G71 7 16 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise Ellipse TNC 360 X coordinate calculation X a cosa Y coordinate calculation Y b sin a a b Semimajor and semiminor axes of the ellipse a Angle between the leading axis and the connecting line from P to the center of the ellipse Process The points of the ellipse are calculated and connected by many short lines The more points that are calculated and the shorter the lines between them the smoother the curve
10. N120 G27 R10 Smooth tangential departure N130 G10 G40 R 70 H 110 Retract tool in X Y cancel radius compensation N140 Z 100 M02 Retract tool in Z N9999 S532I G71 TNC 360 5431 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Circular path G16 with tangential connection The tool moves on a circular path starting tangentially at from a preceding contour element Q to Input e Polar coordinate angle H of the arc end point e Polar coordinate radius R of the arc end point Fig 5 37 Circular path around a pole tangential connection w e The transition points must be defined exactly e The POLE is not the center of the contour arc D 6 Circle with polar coordinates and clockwise rotation Enter the distance from the pole to the arc end point for example REO R 10 mm D go B Enter the angle from the angle reference axis to R for example H 80 terminate the block If necessary enter also Radius compensation R Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Resulting NC block G16 R 10 H 80 5 32 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Helical interpolation A helix is the combination of a circular movement in a main plane and a linear movement perpendicular to the plane A helix is programmed only in polar coordinates Applications You can use helical interpolation with form cutters to machine e Large
11. 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Polar coordinates are useful for programming e Positions on circular arcs e Positions from workpiece drawings showing angular dimensions Section 1 2 Fundamentals of NC see page 1 8 provides a detailed description of polar coordinates Polar coordinate origin Pole I J K You can define the pole anywhere in the program before the blocks containing polar coordinates Enter the pole in Cartesian coordinates as a circle center inal J K block A pole definition remains effective until a new pole is defined The designation of the pole is derived from its position in the working plane Working plane Fig 5 34 The pole is entered as circle center You can define the last programmed position as POLE by entering G29 Straight line at rapid traverse G10 Straight line with feed rate G11 F e You can enter any value from 360 to 360 for H e Enter the algebraic sign for H relative to the angle reference axis For an angle from the reference axis counterclockwise to R H gt 0 For an angle from the reference axis clockwise to R H lt 0 Fig 5 35 Contour consisting of straight lines with polar coordinates 1 o Straight line with polar coordinates at rapid traverse Enter the radius from the pole to the straight line end point for example PR 5 Mm B 0 E Enter the angle from the angle reference axis to R for example H 30 Resulting NC block G10 R5 H30 5
12. Finding the coordinate of a position on an aligned workpiece Select the SURFACE DATUM probe function Move the touch probe to a starting position near the touch point SURFACE DATUM Probe the workpiece The TNC displays the coordinate of the touch point as DATUM Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working plane Find the coordinates of the corner point as described under Corner as datum The TNC displays the coordinates of the probed corner as DATUM TNC 360 ZAG 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 6 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe System Measuring workpiece dimensions Fig 2 17 Measuring lengths with the 3D touch probe Select the SURFACE DATUM probe function Move the probe to a starting position near the first touch point 1 SURFACE DATUM X X Y Y Z Z Use the arrow keys to select the probing direction Probe the workpiece If you will need the current datum later write down the value that appears in the DATUM display D DATUM X D Re select the SURFACE DATUM probe function D Move the touch probe to a starting position near the second touch point 2 20 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 6 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe System SURFACE DATUM X X Y Z Z a Select the probing direction with the arrow keys same axis as for 1 Probe the workpiece The value displayed as DATUM is the distance bet
13. J e ncorrect use of the touch probe system An error message containing a program block number was caused by an error in that block or in the preceding block To clear an error message first correct the problem and then press the CE key Some of the more frequent error messages are explained in the following list TNC error messages during programming BLOCK NUMBER ALLOCATED Assign a new block number with N that has not been used yet in the program ENTRY VALUE INCORRECT e Enter a correct LABEL number e Press the correct key EXT IN OUTPUT NOT READY The external device is not correctly connected FURTHER PROGRAM ENTRY IMPOSSIBLE Erase some old files to make room for new ones JUMP TO LABEL 0 NOT PERMITTED Do not program L 0 0 LABEL NUMBER ALLOCATED Label numbers can only be assigned once TNC 360 11 21 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 6 TNC Error Messages TNC error messages during test run and program run 11 22 ANGLE REFERENCE MISSING e Define the arc and its end points unambiguously e f you enter polar coordinates define the polar coordinate angle correct ly ARITHMETICAL ERROR You have attempted to calculate with illegal values e Define values within the range limits e Choose probe positions for the 3D touch probe that are farther separat ed e Calculations must be mathematically possible AXIS DOUBLE PROGRAMMED Each axis can only have one value for position coordina
14. or e the dialog continues on the next page TNC 360 Contents User s Manual TNC 360 ISO Programming Introduction Manual Operation and Setup Test Run and Program Run Programming L Programming Tool Movements subprograms and Program Section Repeats L Programming with Q Parameters Sycles L External Data Transfer MOD Functions L Tabels Overviews and Diagrams 1 Introduction 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 TNG 360 The TNC 360 cccececesecscsccscececececcecacsceceecavavscsccecavavecceeeevataveneeseeaees 1 2 The Operating Panel sia ireacids ceria fatacuttiaaeiitsaunds cancssacdicnta caste idlaninhan eandiactcPancdtarermetasmnationhtaugacants 1 3 CF OE Oi ee cece oee ease apes E uses oionenee ate aeea tay E E 1 3 TNC EN oe eo SV g 2 S ea nnn ceo eee 1 5 Fundamentals of Numerical Control NC ccsesssseseeeeeeeeeeees 1 6 Pee OM NSO I ceca tose wernt E EA tess tose ellont actor eget dria A E E E E 1 6 Ae NG ee E E a ars soeewreacannaete oacnauattemreasteeaseen 1 6 Tepat oran sanan eia aa EA AAE E AAA aia tartan AE EE A 1 6 ES AAT S EESE E EAEE E EEE vee ate gion A A E E 1 6 Reference SYSTEM cnsisccntsaiuichairansvostidendasaaaseumanateninbeirwnbadtabaduien sndeisuintmedientwinanbaieenhitaunbaenas 1 7 Cartesian coordinate SYSTEM x icsesrssciscsavcssntaetncesassamasobasdoandsnge sda ecivaetasanonsa roliaaious erate anie 1 7 EEEE EE e E A EA E AEA A AA EO ES 1 8 FG l
15. 0 eccecccceccccecceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeneseeneetaneeeaeeeens 7 11 PSSIGN ING values TOR MA FCG srasni aeni ani one P Aaaa E EE EA EA aSa SE SENTE 7 11 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe During Program Run 7 12 Examples for Exercise cccsccccseeceseeesseeeaeeeeseeeaneseeneeeeaeeenseseeenas 7 14 Rectangular pocket with corner rounding and tangential approach cceeeee 7 14 SOLE POLE CIrOlES ens anecncenntuerennaiy nenieiencevassishayeannsunsnnctnlane annducdam FETAR EA EENT EE ANEREN E EREA 7 15 FS E E T E A E EEA E E AE EE TEE 7 17 Machining a hemisphere with an end Mill sssnesnssnssnsnissrerrssrerrerrerrerrerrerrerrerrrrrerren 7 19 8 Cycles 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 TNG 360 General Overview of Cycles cccccccceeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeesseaeeeesaaaeeeeeaaees 8 2 Frogramming a SS a ctneepecovet testers nastio mae ecto este hte i Anida a DE ASA DENN ia AARAA RAE ETEA 8 2 Dimensions MANS TOO GXIS gue cnitmcacte canta rasatentaxaiinarasearntacbbasuietusuhsdunienatedbiinanlgedebnnestasenin 8 3 Simple Fixed Cycles cccccccccccseseeeeseeeesseeeeeseessaeeeesaseesaaeeeseeeessaeeeseas 8 4 IN GOS Senra nne ano e a e aren E OE A EA E E T a a E E EA 8 4 TAPPING with floating tap nolder GGA seeria ireen aie in enai e EE aE Ea ia 8 6 GUCHO SM Fg ah CnC clo ieia aE cmt Tanner tele ntt Tt en Trt tert EE 8 8 SO A PUM EET EEIE EEE E EN E E EEEE E E E EA 8 9 POCKET MILCEING FG 0 reee a EE bis A
16. 00 00 cece ccecceeee ccc eeeu eee eeee eee eenn eens 2 2 Traversing with the electronic handwheel ccccc cece ecceeeeeeceeceeceeecseesaeeseeeeeeaeeneeeey 2 3 Working with the HR 330 Electronic Handwheel cccccccccceceseeeseeceeeeseeeeneeseeenees 2 3 Incremental JOG POSITIONING ccccecccceccccececeececeeceseeceeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeeaeeeeaeeesaeeeaneees 2 4 POSINONNIG with manual data IN OUT MDI sasscisismsiesesiinineneaeaisinyaniitan sania 2 4 Spindle Speed S Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Function M 2 5 To enter the spindle speed S n ssssesssissrisiusrisrrerittittke ttet t tettere AELE EEEE EEEE EEEren enrera 2 5 To enter the miscellaneous function M ou ccceccccecccecceeeceeeeeeeeeseeeeseseceeaeceeaneeenesenneeeas 2 6 To change the spindle speed S woricioscasicccseccrteorrinerncsaacddvintanddncrannsrstmenoensiiendoohnvmaeaeoneeds 2 6 To change the feed rate aa cicch conc msatcescactatosaate cepeumenseenadauas reiranta ranirea ai kakainan riirn 2 6 Setting the Datum without a 3D Touch Probe 0sscs0seeeeees 2 7 Setting the datum in the tool AXIS oe ccc cccccceecceeccueeeucceueceueseueseueeueeeueetaneeuestuneeaeres 2 7 Setting the datumi In the working plane cece eeccceccceeeceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeue sess eeeeeseuneeennes 2 8 3D Touch Probe System seisiccicideisnisincsscawevindvcnsdeientessaudnessinawvinuaniedaniwes 2 9 SD Touch probe GDONICAUONS srreisiniirantirai nikiona naia a iai
17. 300 mm min att The diagram provides approximate values and assumes the following e Downfeed in the tool axis 0 5 R and the tool is cutting through solid metal or e Lateral metal to air ratio 0 25 R and downfeed in the tool axis R Depth of cut per tooth d mm TERY ete ie v A SA Spindle speed S rom 11 16 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 4 Diagrams for Machining Feed rate F for tapping The feed rate for tapping F is calculated from the thread pitch p and the spindle speed S r OS F in mm min p in mm 1 S in rpm The feed rate for tapping can be read directly from the diagram below Example Thread pitch p 1mm rev Spindle speed S 100rpm Feed rate for tapping F 100 mm min Thread pitch p mm rev Spindle speed S rom TNC 360 11 17 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 5 Features Specifications and Accessories TNC 360 11 18 Description Contouring control for up to 4 axes with oriented spindle stop Components Logic unit keyboard monochrome flat luminescent screen or CRT Data interface RS 232 C V 24 Simultaneous axis control for contour elements e Straight lines up to 3 axes e Circles in 2 axes e Helices 3 axes Background programming For editing one part program while the TNC is running another Test run Internally and with test run graphics Program types e HEIDENHAIN plain language format and ISO programs e Tool table
18. Enter the radius compensation according to the position of the tool relative to the workpiece 4 20 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 1 General Information on Programming Tool Movements A tool movement is always programmed as if the tool is moving and the workpiece is stationary at Always pre position the tool at the beginning of a part program to prevent the possibility of damaging the tool or workpiece In addition radius compensation and a path function must be active Example of an NC block N30 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 Path functions Each element of the workpiece contour is entered separately using path functions The various path functions produce e Straight lines e Circular arcs You can also program a combination of the two helical paths rig Si A contour consists of a combination of straight lines and circular arcs The contour elements are executed In sequence to machine the programmed contour Fig 5 2 Contour elements are programmed and executed in sequence 5 2 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 1 General Information on Programming Tool Movements TNC 360 Subprograms and program section repeats If a machining sequence repeats itself in a program you can enter the sequence once and define it as a Subprogram or program section repeat Programming possibilities e To repeat a machining routine immediately after it is executed program section repeat e To insert a machining rou
19. Main program UPGMS is executed up to block 17 Subprogram 1 is called and executed up to block 39 Subprogram 2 is called and executed up to block 62 End of subprogram 2 and return to the subprogram from which it was called Subprogram 1 is executed from block 40 to block 45 End of subprogram 1 and return to main program UPGMS Main program UPGMS is executed from block 18 to block 35 Return jump to block 1 and program end 6 9 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 4 Nesting Example for exercise Group of four holes at three positions see page 6 4 but with three different tools 6 10 Machining sequence Countersinking Pecking Tapping The drilling operation is programmed with cycle G83 PECKING see page 8 4 and cycle G84 TAPPING see page 8 6 The groups of holes are approached in one subprogram and the machining is performed in a second subprogram Coordinates of the first hole in each group D 15 mm Y 10 mm 2 X 45mm Y 60mm X 75mm Y 10mm Spacing between holes IX 20 mm Hole data Countersinking 3mm 7mm Pecking 15mm 5mm Tapping 10mm 6mm Y 20 mm Part program W5010l G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T25 L 0 R 2 5 N40 G99 T30 L 0 R 3 N50 G99 T35 L 0 R 3 5 NGO T30 G17 S3000 N70 G83 P01 2 PO2 3 PO3 3 P04 0 POS 100 N80 L1 0 N90 125 G17 52500 N100 G83 P01 2 P02 25 P0O3 10 P04 0 N110 L1 0
20. Parameters Behavior of machining cycles This general user parameter affects pocket milling Entry value 0 to 15 sum of the individual values in the value column MP7420 Function Selections e Milling direction for a Clockwise for pockets counterclockwise for islands channel around the contour Counterclockwise for pockets clockwise for islands Sequence of roughing out and First mill contour channel then rough out channel milling First rough out then mill contour channel Merge contours Merge compensated contours Merge uncompensated contours Milling in depth At each pecking depth mill channel and rough out before going to next depth Mill contour channel to full pocket depth then rough out to full pocket depth Overlapping with pocket milling Overlap factor with pocket milling product of MP7430 and the tool radius MP7430 Function Value e Overlap factor for pockets 0 1 to 1414 Effect of M functions The M functions M6 and M89 are influenced by MP 7440 Entry range O to 7 Sum of the individual values in the value column MP7440 Function Selections e Programmable stop with M06 Program stop with M06 No program stop with M06 e Modal cycle call with M89 Modal cycle call with M89 M89 vacant M function e Axes are stopped when Axis stop with M functions M function is carried out No axis stop TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters Safety limit fo
21. TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 11 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 11 6 11 7 TNC 360 General User Parameters cccccsseccssecseecueeeseeeeeeceseeenesanesaeeseeeens 11 2 Selecting the general user parameters 00 cee ecc cc eccceceueceueceueceueeeuessueseueceuertueeeaeetaess 11 2 Parameters for external data transfer ccccccccceecccecceseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeueseueeeeueeseueeeaaeees 11 2 Parameters for SD TOUCH DIODES saccanisccnvssnnn inten sabanctotsmsaewndd svinndiawnsdseniaiebnedbiarsndexenenients 11 4 Parameters for TNC displays and the editor oo cccccccceccccecccencceeeeeeeeceeeeseeeeeeaeeseueees 11 4 Parameters for MACHINING and program FUN scciitsieciicsnctiesnctwvnceivenctitwncdveateiatenncdds rotor iiinn 11 7 Parameters for override behavior and electronic handwheel cceccseeceeeeeeee ees 11 9 Miscellaneous Functions M Functions ccccceeseeseeseeeeeeeeees 11 11 Miscellaneous functions with predetermined effect ccccccccceeccceecs eee eeeeeeneeeuees 11 11 Vacant miscellaneous TUNMCIONS sccciannasmunstndonansacoansdeeiisoantieeencbhaihaeddens aai 11 12 Preassigned Q Parameters ccsccccseccsseeeeeeeeeeeeeesnecseessneseaseseaes 11 13 Diagrams for Machining cccsccceseecceeeceseeceseeeeseeesneenenseneeseeees 11 15 SOINGIS speed Sedriano iiaeia RaT Ea a a Aa EATE s iine a Faia 11 15 Feed TIO F oerien ia E a a EE a ai ie SEAN 11 16 Feed rate F
22. TOF TaD DING a srinirsrirsiniennrinriiisiircntnnnn niaaa na ia ain Eaa Saai aaa 11 17 Features Specifications and Accessories ccssccsssecseeeseeeeeesees 11 18 TAC DO ae e A AE AA AEEA A AEE EE A AE AE EEE 11 18 PS OS serisini irni iE a En AA A AT E E OA EA ETE Eiai 11 20 TNC Error Messages 2 cccscccsseceeeeseeeeccseeeeaneceeeeneeesaneeeanesseneneess 11 21 TNC error messages during prograMmMing s ses ssisssissruesirerirsrrerrrerrerrrerrrerrerrrerrerrn 11 21 TNC error messages during test run and program TUN s sssssssesiesiiesirsrrerrrerrrerrerrrern 11 22 Address letters ISO programming cccececseeeesseeeeneeeeeneeeeees 11 25 GP N e A E E E ee reer ee 11 25 Other address letters oo cee ccceccceccceceee cece eeeeeeceeeueeeeeeeseeeraeeueeeueeeeaeeueeeeeeesneeunens 11 26 PAPAS TEN CE TMITIONS isrener casio pindatteindt E aaria p aai a iani a a mittee x ge 11 27 1 Introduction 1 1 The TNC 360 1 2 Control The TNC 360 is a shop floor programmable contouring control for milling machines boring machines and machining centers with up to four axes The spindle can be rotated to a given angular stop position oriented spindle stop Visual display unit and operating panel The monochrome screen clearly displays all information necessary for operating the TNC In addition to the CRT monitor BE 212 the TNC 360 can also be used with a flat luminescent screen BF 110 The keys on the operating p
23. X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 S1500 Tool call N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 Retract the tool Execute sequence 1 not mirrored N70 G54 X 70 Y 60 Datum shift N80 G28 X Activate mirror image Execute sequence 2 with datum shift and mirror image N100 G28 Cancel mirror image N110 G54 X 0 Y 0 Cancel datum shift N120 Z 100 M02 N130 G98 L1 o The subprogram is identical to the subpro gram shown on page 8 32 N250 G98 LO N9999 S844I G71 8 34 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations ROTATION G73 TNC 360 Application Within a program the coordinate system can be rotated around the active datum in the working plane Activation A rotation becomes active as soon as the cycle is defined This cycle is also effective in the POSITIONING WITH MANUAL INPUT mode Reference axis for the rotation angle e X Y plane X axis e Y Z plane Y axis e Z X plane Z axis The active rotation angle is indicated in the status display Parallel axes U V W cannot be rotated Input data The angle of rotation is entered in degrees Entry range 360 to 360 absolute or incremental Cancellation To cancel a rotation enter a rotation angle of 0 Example Rotation A contour Subprogram 1 is to be executed once as originally programmed referenced to the datum X 0 Y 0 and then executed again referenced
24. Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T12 L 25 R 20 Define the tool N40 T12 G17 51000 Call the tool N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle and insert the tool N60 X 30 Y 30 Pre position in X Y N70 Z 15 MO3 Pre position to the working depth N80 G01 G41 X 50 Y 0 F100 Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point N90 X 10 Y 40 Straight line connecting tangentially to the arc N100 GO6 X 50 Y 50 Arc to end point with coordinates X 50 and Y 50 connects tangentially to the straight line in block N90 N110 G01 X 100 End of contour N120 GOO G40 X 130 Y 70 Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation N130 Z 100 M02 Retract the tool in Z N9999 S525 G71 7 TNC 360 0 25 J Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Corner rounding G25 5 26 The tool moves in an arc that connects tangentially both with the preceding and the subsequent contour elements The function G25 is useful for rounding corners Input e Radius of the arc e Feed rate for the arc Prerequisite On inside corners the rounding arc must be large enough to accommodate the tool Fig 5 33 Rounding radius R between G1 and G2 e Inthe preceding and subsequent positioning blocks both coordinates should lie in the plane of the arc e The corner point is cut off by the rounding arc and is not part of the contour e A fe
25. a position is defined by the distance to go to the target position here the relative datum is located at the target position The distance to go has a negative algebraic sign if the target position lies in the negative axis direction from the actual position The polar coordinate system can also express both types of dimensions e Absolute polar coordinates always refer to the pole J and the angle reference axis e Incremental polar coordinates always refer to the last programmed nominal position of the tool Fig 1 18 Incremental dimensions in polar coordinates designated with G91 TNC 360 1 11 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Example Workpiece drawing with coordinate dimensioning according to ISO 129 or DIN 406 Part 11 Figure 179 Dimensions in mm Coordinate Coordinates origin 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 r w N gt VNNON gt gt n gt QVOQAA A QA AQAA AQAA AQAA OA A Q TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Programming tool movements An axis position is changed either by moving the tool or by moving the machine table on which the workpiece is fixed depending on the individu al machine tool at You always program as if the tool is moving and the workpiece is stationary If the machine table moves in one or several axes the corresponding axes are designated on the machine operating panel with a prime mark
26. aaa aaia 6 8 To calla main programi as a SUBOTA seisisissrsrrisinniin rasian iasi niian ina 6 8 OF NESSUNO eee en AA A OAE A 6 9 Nesting GSD rcteca cau tester Paver tp einen baled aiaa ARa aA aiaa ation valde A alte ate 6 9 SUD DIOOK ala N ae SUDO FOOTE sereias anaE a e ERa a ien Raa iA 6 9 Repeating program section repeats s s essisiusirerisirerirritrierirrrtrirrrerrerrerrerirrrerrn 6 11 PUSS SIC SUDHA S gctee a rcstrecteacceittvceuisp atari aa aa aaa aaa aaa i a a 6 12 TNG 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 TNC 360 Part Families Q Parameters Instead of Numerical Values 7 3 Describing Contours Through Mathematical Functions 7 5 I ETNA EE E E E mise acs endive E EE A wt AAE 7 5 Trigonometric Functions cccccccceeeeeeeceeeeeeeaeeeaeeaeesaeeeeesaeesansaeesanees 7 7 E 1 E EEEE ENE AE E E EE E A EI EAE T 7 7 If Then Operations with Q Parameters cccsseceeeeeeeeeeeneeeeenens 7 8 LUI eaaa ANE AAE A AEAN ANAA NAE ASEE AA EE EN EEE EEr 7 8 T ENEE E E E ain esis enn bed AE TTA 7 8 Checking and Changing Q Parameters c s ccssseesseeeseeeeeeeeeeeees 7 10 Output of Q Parameters and Messages cs ccsseesseeeeseeeeeneenans 7 11 Displaying error Messages sin ixsnsitiecansaanianwenbadannasdanisanapa ies iainenehacinsdiinsaydaiaiceawsdelgteanuiinendin 7 11 Output through an external data interface 2 0
27. compensation e Feed rate e Miscellaneous function Resulting NC block G02 G41 X 10 Y 2 R 5 5 22 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates TNC 360 Example for exercise Milling a concave semicircle Semicircle radius Coordinates of the arc starting point Coordinates of the arc end point Tool radius Milling depth Part program 55231 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 25 N40 T1 G17 S780 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N60 X 25 Y 30 N70 Z 18 M03 N80 G01 G42 X 0 Y 0 F100 N90 G02 X 100 Y 0 R 50 N100 GOO G40 X 70 Y 30 N110 Z 100 M02 N9999 S5523 G71 Begin program Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Call the tool Retract the spindle and insert the tool Pre position in X Y Pre position to the working depth Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point Mill circular arc to the end point X 100 Y O radius 50 negative direction of rotation Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation Retract the tool in Z O25 s Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Circular path G06 with tangential connection y 5 24 The tool moves in an arc that starts at a tangent with the previously programmed contour A transition between two contour elements is called tangential when one contour element makes a smoo
28. diameter internal and external threads e Lubrication grooves Input Fig 5 38 Helix a combination of circular and linear paths e Total incremental angle of tool traverse on the helix e Total height of the helix Input angle Calculate the incremental polar coordinate angle G91 H as follows H n3607 n number of revolutions of the helical path For G91 H you can enter any value from 5400 to 5400 n 15 Input height Enter the helix height h in the tool axis The height is calculated as n WxXP n number of thread revolutions P thread pitch Radius compensation Enter the radius compensation for the helix according to the table at right Internal thread Work direction Rotation Radius comp Right hand a13 G41 Left hand G12 G42 Right hand G12 G42 Left hand G13 G41 External thread Rotation Radius comp Right hand Left hand Right hand Left hand Fig 5 39 The shape of the helix determines the direction of rotation and the radius compensation TNC 360 0 33 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates To program a helix ED 2 Helix in clockwise direction of rotation 9 1 Enter the total angle of tool traverse along the helix as an incremental value for example H 1080 HBoER Enter the total height of the helix in the tool plane as an incremental value for example Z 4 5 mm Terminate the block If necessary enter also Radius compen
29. e g X Y When an axis is designated with a prime mark the programmed direction of axis movement Is the opposite direction of tool movement relative to the workpiece Fig 1 20 On this machine the tool moves in the Y and Z axes the machine table moves in the positive X axis direction Position encoders The position encoders linear encoders for linear axes angle encoders for rotary axes convert the movement of the machine axes into electrical signals The control evaluates these signals and constantly calculates the actual position of the machine axes If there is an interruption in power the calculated position will no longer correspond to the actual position When power is returned the TNC can re establish this relationship Fig 1 21 Linear position encoder here for the X axis Reference marks The scales of the position encoders contain one or more reference marks When a reference mark is passed over it generates a signal which identifies that position as the machine axis reference point With the aid of these reference marks the TNC can re establish the m m assignment of displayed positions to machine axis positions If the position encoders feature distance coded reference marks each axis need only move a maximum of 20 mm 0 8 in for linear encoders and 20 for angle encoders Fig 1 22 Linear scales above with distance coded reference marks below with one reference mark TNC 36
30. islands C and D Tool Center cut end mill ISO 1641 radius 3 mm The contour is composed of the elements A and B two overlapping pockets as well as C and D two islands within these pockets Cycle in a part program S824I G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 3 N40 T1 G17 S2500 N50 G37 P01 1 P02 2 PO3 3 P04 4 N60 G57 P01 2 P02 10 PO3 5 P04 100 P05 2 PO6 0 PO7 500 N70 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N80 X 50 Y 50 MO3 N90 Z 2 M99 N100 Z 100 M02 N110 G98 L1 N120 G01 G41 X 10 Y 50 N130 1 35 J 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 N140 G98 LO N150 G98 L2 N160 G01 G41 X 90 Y 50 N170 1 65 J 50 G03 X 90 Y 50 N180 G98 LO N190 G98 L3 N200 G01 G41 X 27 Y 42 N210 Y 58 N220 X 43 N230 Y 42 N240 X 27 N250 G98 LO N260 G98 L4 N270 G01 G42 X 57 Y 42 N280 X 73 N290 X 65 Y 58 N300 X 57 Y 42 N310 G98 LO N9999 S824I G71 8 24 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Fig 8 26 Milling the outlines Fig 8 27 Milling completed PILOT DRILLING G56 Process TNC 360 Pilot drilling of holes for cutter infeed at the starting points of the subcon tours With SL contours that consist of several overlapping surfaces the cutter infeed point is the starting point of the first subcontour The tool is positioned above the first infeed point The subsequent drilling sequence is identical to that of cycle G83 PECKING The t
31. path for roughing out 8 11 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles Example Rectangular pocket milling Pocket center coordinates 60 mm Setup clearance Milling depth Pecking depth mm Feed rate for pecking mm min First side length Second side length Milling feed rate mm min Direction of the cutter path POCKET MILLING cycle in a part program S8121 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 110 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 5 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 S2000 Tool call N50 G76 P01 2 P02 10 P03 4 P04 80 P05 X 80 PO6 Y 40 PO7 100 Cycle definition POCKET MILLING N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 MOG Retract the spindle insert the tool N70 X 60 Y 35 M03 Move to starting position pocket center spindle ON N80 Z 2 M99 Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call N90 Z 100 M02 Retract tool and end program N9999 Yo561Z G71 8 12 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING G77 G78 Process Circular pocket milling is a roughing cycle The tool penetrates the workpiece from the starting position pocket center The cutter then follows a spiral path at the programmed feed rate see Fig 8 10 The stepover factor is determined by the value of k see POCKET MILLING cycle G75 G76 calculations The process is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached At the end of the cycle the tool returns to the starting positi
32. probe contacts one position on the bore for each axis direction Displaying calibration values The effective length and radius of the 3D touch probe are stored in the TNC for use whenever the touch probe is needed again The stored values are displayed the next time the calibration function is called TNC 360 2 11 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 3D Touch Probe System Compensating workpiece misalignment The TNC electronically compensates workpiece misalignment by computing a basic rotation Set the ROTATION ANGLE to the angle at which a workpiece surface should be oriented with respect to the angle reference axis see p 1 9 of the working plane A Fig 2 11 Basic rotation of a workpiece probing procedure for com pensation right The dashed line is the nominal position the angle PA is being compensated gt SURFACE DATUM Select the BASIC ROTATION probe function BASIC ROTATION X X Y Y ROTATION ANGLE Enter the nominal value of the ROTATION ANGLE Move the ball tip to a starting position near the first touch point Q Select the probing direction Probe the workpiece Move the ball tip to a starting position near the second touch point Probe the workpiece A basic rotation is kept in non volatile storage and is effective for all subsequent program runs and graphic simulations 2 12 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 3D Touch Pro
33. repetitions Q return jump Programming and calling a program section repeat To mark the beginning 9 8 Select the label setting function D LABEL NUMBER Repeat the program section beginning with LABEL 7 for example Resulting NC block G98 L7 Number of repetitions The number of repetitions is entered in the block which calls the label This block also identifies the end of the program section Repeat the program section from LABEL 7 to this block 10 times In a m o D this example the program section will therefore be executed a total of 11 times Resulting NC block L7 10 TNC 360 6 5 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 2 Program Section Repeats Example for exercise Row of holes parallel to X axis Coordinates of first hole Spacing between holes Number of holes Total hole depth Hole diameter Part program S66 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define the workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 2 5 Define the tool N40 T1 G17 S3500 Call the tool N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle and insert the tool N60 X 10 Y 10 Z 2 MO3 Pre position in the negative X direction N70 G98 L1 Beginning of program section to be repeated N80 G91 X 15 Move to incremental hole position N90 G01 G90 Z 10 F100 Drill absolute value N100 GOO Z 2 Retract the tool N110 L1 5 Call LABEL 1 repeat program section be
34. rework the contour with a smaller tool Program example Large tool radius Move to contour point 13 Machine the small contour step 13 14 Move to contour point 15 Machine the small contour step 15 16 Move to contour point 17 The outer corners are programmed in blocks N20 and N50 these are the blocks in which you program M97 0 97 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 6 M Functions for Contouring Behavior Machining open contours M98 Standard behavior without M98 The TNC calculates the intersections of the radius compensated tool paths at inside corners and changes traverse direction at these points If the corners are open on one side how ever machining Is incomplete Fig 5 44 Tool path without M98 Machining open corners with M98 With the miscellaneous function M98 the TNC temporarily suspends radius compensation to ensure that both corners are completely machined Duration of effect The miscellaneous function M98 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed Fig 5 45 Tool path with M98 Program example Move to contour point 10 Machine contour point 11 Move to contour point 12 5 38 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 6 M Functions for Contouring Behavior Programming machine referenced coordinates M91 M92 i TNC 360 Standard behavior Coordinates are referenced to the workpiece datum see page 1 9 Scale reference point The positi
35. the corner P Select the CORNER DATUM probe function To use the points that were just probed for a basic rotation TOUCH POINTS OF BASIC ROTATION Transfer the touch point coordinates to memory Move the touch probe to a starting position near the first touch point on the side that was not probed for basic rotation CORNER DATUM Select the probing direction Probe the workpiece Move the touch probe to a starting position near the second touch point on the same side Probe the workpiece DATUM X Enter the first coordinate of the datum for example in the X axis TNC 360 2 15 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 5 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System DATUM Y ZJ o Enter the second coordinate of the datum for example in the Y axis If you do not wish to use points that were just probed for a basic rotation TOUCH POINTS OF BASIC ROTATION No Ignore the dialog prompt ENT Probe both workpiece sides twice Enter the datum coordinates 2 16 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 5 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System Circle center as datum TNC 360 With this function you can set the datum at the center of bore holes circular pockets cylinders journals circular islands etc Inside circle The TNC automatically probes the inside wall in all four coordinate axis directions For incomplete circles circular arcs you can choose the approp
36. the miscellaneous function M90 see page 5 36 Inside corners The TNC calculates the intersection of the tool center paths at inside corners From this point it then starts the next contour element This prevents damage to the workpiece at inside corners When two or more inside corners adjoin the chosen tool radius must be small enough to fit in the programmed contour rig 4 9 Tool path for inside corners 4 13 4 Programming 4 4 Program Creation To create a new part program Select any program D PROGRAM NUMBER Enter the name of the new program for example 743 MM G71 INCH G70 7 Select the unit of measurement used in the program for example a 1 millimeters G71 conclude the block Defining the blank form If you wish to use the graphic workpiece simulation you must first define a rectangular workpiece blank Its sides lie parallel to the X Y and Z axes and can be up to 30 000 mm long Fig 4 10 The MIN and MAX points define the blank form at The ratio of the blank form side lengths must be less than 84 1 MIN and MAX points The blank form is defined by two of its corner points e The MIN point the smallest X Y and Z coordinates of the blank form entered as absolute values e The MAX point the largest X Y and Z coordinates of the blank form entered as absolute values or incremental values 4 14 TNC 360 4 Programming 4 4 Program Creation B o G function fo
37. the last programmed position as circle center pole by programming G29 Fig 5 21 Circle center I J Duration of a circle center definition A circle center definition remains effective until a new circle center Is defined 5 16 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Entering I J K in relative values If you enter the circle center with relative coordi nates you have defined it relative to the last programmed tool position Fig 5 22 Incremental circle center coordinates at e The circle center J K also serves as pole for polar coordinates e J K defines a position as a circle center The resulting contour is located on the circle not on the circle center To program a circle center pole Select the coordinate axis for the circle center Enter the coordinate for the circle center on this axis for example i 20M Select the second coordinate axis for example J Enter the coordinate of the circle center for example J 10 mm Resulting NC block 1 20 J 10 TNC 360 O 17 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Circular path GO2 G03 G05 around the circle center I J K Prerequisites The circle center J K must have been previously defined in the program The tool is located at the arc starting point Defining the direction of rotation You can program the following directions of rotation e Cl
38. the pole The pole is defined by setting two Cartesian coordinates These two coordinates also determine the reference axis for the polar angle PA Coordinates of the pole Reference axis of the angle l X J J K Y K Z Fig 1 12 Polar coordinates and their associated reference axes Setting the datum The workpiece drawing identifies a certain prominent point on the work piece usually a corner as the absolute datum and perhaps one or more y other points as relative datums The process of datum setting establishes these points as the origin of the absolute or relative coordinate systems The workpiece which is aligned with the machine axes is moved to a certain position relative to the tool and the display is set either to zero or to another appropriate position value e g to compensate the tool radius Fig 1 13 The workpiece datum serves as the origin of the Cartesian coordinate system TNC 360 1 9 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Example Drawings with several relative datums according to ISO 129 or DIN 406 Part 11 Figure 171 Example Coordinates of the point X 10 mm Y 5mm Z Omm The datum of the Cartesian coordinate system is located 10 mm away from point on the X axis and 5 mm on the Y axis The 3D Touch Probe System from HEIDENHAIN is an especially convenient and efficient way to find and set datums Fig 1 15 Point defines the coordina
39. to X 0 Y 60 and rotated by 35 Continued 8 35 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations Cycle in a part program S846 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 N40 T1 G17 1500 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 N70 G54 X 70 Y 60 N80 G73 G90 H 35 Execute sequence 2 with datum shift and rotation N100 G73 G90 H 0 Cancel rotation N110 G54 X 0 Y 0 Cancel datum shift N120 Z 100 M02 N130 G98 L1 This subprogram is identical to the subpro gram on page 8 32 N250 G98 LO N9999 S846l G71 The corresponding subprogram see page 8 32 is programmed after M2 SCALING FACTOR G72 Application This cycle allows you to increase or reduce the size of contours within a program such as for shrinkage or finishing allowances Activation A scaling factor becomes effective as soon as the cycle is defined Scaling factors can be applied e jin the working plane or to all three coordinate axes at the same time depending on MP7410 e to the dimensions in cycles e also in the parallel axes U V W Input data The cycle is defined by entering the scaling factor F The TNC multiplies the coordinates and radii by the F factor as described under Activation above To increase the size enter F greater than 1 max 99 999 999 To reduce the size enter F smaller than 1 down to 0 000 001 Cancellation To cancel a s
40. transmission e Infrared transmission Traversing behavior of touch probe Parameter Function Value MP6120 Probing feed rate in mm min 80 to 30 000 MP6130 Maximum measuring range to first scanning point in mm O to 30 000 MP6140 Safety clearance over probing point during automatic probing in mm O to 30 000 MP6150 Rapid traverse for probe cycle in mm min 80 to 30 000 Parameters for TNC displays and the editor Programming station MP7210 Function e TNC with machine e TNC as programming station with active PLC e TNC as programming station with inactive PLC 11 4 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters TNC 360 Block number increment with ISO programming MP7220 Function Value e Block number increment 0 to 255 Dialog language MP7230 Function e National dialog language e Dialog language English standard Edit protect OEM cycles For protection against editing of programs whose program number is the same as an OEM cycle number MP7240 Function e Edit protect OEM cycles e No edit protection of OEM cycles Defining a tool table program 0 Input numerical value Parameter Function e MP7260 Total number of tools in the table e MP7261 Number of tools with pocket numbers e MP 7264 Number of reserved pockets next to special tools 11 11 1 Tables Overviews Diagrams General User Parameters Settings for MANUAL OPERATION mode En
41. were Stationary Fig 4 7 The tool moves to the left G41 or to the right G42 of the workpiece during milling Between two program blocks with differing radius compensation you must program at least one block without radius compensation that is with G40 Radius compensation is not in effect until the end of the block in which it is first programmed Shortening or lengthening single axis movements G43 G44 This type of radius compensation is possible only for single axis move ments in the working plane The programmed tool path is shortened G44 or lengthened G43 by the tool radius Applications e Single axis machining e Occasionally for pre positioning the tool such as for cycle G47 SLOT MILLING e G43 and G44 are activated by programming a positioning block with only one axis e The machine tool builder may block the entry of single axis positioning blocks through a machine parameter TNC 360 4 Programming 4 3 Tool Compensation Values Machining corners TNC 360 Outside corners The TNC moves the tool in a transitional arc around outside corners The tool rolls around the corner point If necessary the feed rate F is automatically reduced at outside corners to reduce machine Strain for example for very sharp changes in direction Fig 4 8 The tool rolls around outside corners If you work without radius compensation you can influence the machining of outside corners with
42. will depend on the unit and the type of data transfer TNC 360 g 3 9 External Data Transfer 9 3 Preparing the Devices for Data Transfer HEIDENHAIN devices HEIDENHAIN devices FE floppy disk unit and ME magnetic tape unit are designed for use with the TNC They can be used for data transfer without further adjustments Example FE 401 Floppy Disk Unit Connect the power cable to the FE Connect the FE and the TNC with data transfer cable Switch on the FE Insert a diskette into the upper drive Format the diskette if necessary Set the interface see page 10 3 Transfer the data at The baud rate can be selected on the FE 401 floppy disk unit Non HEIDENHAIN devices The TNC and non HEIDENHAIN devices must be adapted to each other Adapting a non HEIDENHAIN device for the TNC e PC Adapt the software e Printer Adjust the DIP switches Adapting the TNC for a non HEIDENHAIN device e Set user parameter 5020 9 4 TNC 360 10 MOD Functions The MOD functions provide additional displays and input possibilities The MOD functions available depend on the selected operating mode Functions available in the operating modes PROGRAMMING AND EDIT ING and TEST RUN Display NC software number Display PLC software number Enter code number Set the data interface Machine specific user parameters Functions available in all other modes Display NC software number Display PLC software number Select position display
43. with G04 Scaling factor with G72 Traversing conditions Polar angle in chain dimensions absolute dimensions Rotation angle with G73 X coordinate of circle center pole Y coordinate of circle center pole Z coordinate of circle center pole Assign a label number with G98 Jump to a label number Tool length with G99 Help functions Block number Cycle parameters in fixed cycles Parameters in parameter definitions Program parameter Cycle parameter O Polar radius Circle radius with GO2 G03 G05 Rounding radius with G25 G26 G27 Chamfer side length with G24 Tool radius with G99 Spindle speed Oriented spindle stop with G36 Tool definition with G99 Tool call Linear movement parallel to the X axis Linear movement parallel to the Y axis Linear movement parallel to the Z axis peep meres aati i End of block TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 7 Address Letters ISO programming Parameter definitions Refer to page 7 3 Addition 7 5 Subtraction 7 5 Multiplication 7 5 Division 7 5 06 sine 7 7 07 Cosine 77 Root sum of squares c Ja b b 7 7 If equal jump If not equal jump If greater than jump If less than jump s TNC 360 11 27 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 28 Miscellaneous Functions M Functions Miscellaneous functions with predetermined effect Effective at start of block Moo Stop program run Spindle stop Coolant off pf Stop progra
44. you wish Labels Subprograms and program section repeats are marked by labels A label carries a number from O to 254 Each label number except 0 can only appear once in a program Labels are assigned with the command G98 LABEL O marks the end of a subprogram 6 1 Subprograms Principle The main program is executed up to the block in which the subprogram is called with Ln O Then the subprogram is executed from beginning to end G98 LO Finally the main program is resumed from the block after the subprogram call Operating limits e One main program can contain up to 254 subprograms e Subprograms can be called in any sequence and as often as desired e A subprogram cannot call itself e Subprograms should be located at the end of the main program after the block with M2 or M30 e f subprograms are located in the program before the block with M02 or M30 they will be execut ed at least once even without being called NE Z 100 M2 G98 L1 lt 4 GJL TO cae Fig 6 1 Flow diagram for a Subprogram jump QQ return jump TNC 360 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 1 Subprograms Programming and calling subprograms To mark the beginning of the subprogram 9 8 Select the label setting function LABEL NUMBER In this example the subprogram begins with LABEL 5 Resulting NC block G98 L5 To mark the end of the subprogram A su
45. 0 Od 0o DO OQ D0 Fig 2 4 Knobs for spindle speed and feed rate overrides To enter the spindle speed S Select the S function key N10 Enter the spindle speed S for example 1000 rom Confirm the spindle speed S with the machine START button A miscellaneous function M starts spindle rotation at the entered speed S TNC 360 2 5 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 2 Spindle Speed S Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Function M To enter the miscellaneous function M Select the M function key N10 Enter the desired miscellaneous function M for example M6 Activate the miscellaneous function M with the machine START button Chapter 11 provides an overview of the miscellaneous functions To change the spindle speed S Turn the spindle speed override knob Adjust the spindle speed S to between 0 and 150 of the last entered value uit The spindle speed override will function only if your machine tool is equipped with a stepless spindle drive To change the feed rate F In the MANUAL OPERATION mode the feed rate is set through a machine parameter Turn the feed rate override knob Adjust the feed rate to between 0 and 150 of the last entered value 2 6 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 3 Setting the Datum without a 3D Touch Probe You fix a datum by setting the TNC position display to the coordinates of a known point on the workpiece The fastest easiest and most accurate way o
46. 0 G03 X 90 Y 50 N180 G98 LO Area of intersection Only the area of intersection of A and B is to be machined e AandB must be pockets e A must Start Inside B N110 G98L1 N120 G01 G41 X 60 Y 50 N130 1 35 J 50 G03 X 60 Y 50 N140 G98 LO N150 G98 L2 N160 G01 G41 X 90 Y 50 N170 1 65 J 50 G03 X 90 Y 50 N180 G98 LO The subprograms are used in the main program on page 8 20 Fig 6 20 Overlapping pockets area of inclusion Fig 8 21 Overlapping pockets area of exclusion Fig 8 22 WV Overlapping pockets area of intersection 3 21 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Subprogram Overlapping islands An island always requires a pocket as an additional boundary here G98 L1 A pocket can also reduce several island surfaces The starting point of this pocket must be inside the first island The starting points of the remaining intersecting island contours must lie outside the pocket Joo822 G71 N10 N20 N30 N40 N50 NGO N250 N9999 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 G99 T1 L 0 R 2 5 T1 G17 S2500 G37 POT 2 P023 P03 G57 P01 2 P02 10 PO3 5 P04 100 PO5 0 PO6 0 PO7 500 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 X 50 Y 50 MOS Z 2 M99 Z 100 M02 G98 L1 G01 G41 X 5 Y 5 X 95 Y 95 X 5 Y 5 G98 LO G98 L2 G98 LO GIs Llas G98 LO S822 G71 Area of inclusion Elements A and B are to be left unmachined including the area of ov
47. 0 ta 1 Introduction 1 3 Switch On Switch on the power supply for the TNC and machine The TNC then begins the following dialog MEMORY TEST The TNC memory is automatically checked POWER INTERRUPTED Message from the TNC indicating that the power was interrupted gt Clear the message D TRANSLATE PLC PROGRAM The PLC program of the TNC is automatically translated gt RELAY EXT DC VOLTAGE MISSING Switch on the control voltage The TNC checks the functioning of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit MANUAL OPERATION TRAVERSE REFERENCE POINTS To cross over the reference marks in the displayed sequence Press the machine START button for each axis To cross over the reference marks In any sequence For each axis press and hold down the machine axis direction button until the reference mark has been crossed over The TNC is now ready for operation in the MANUAL OPERATION mode 1 14 TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 4 Graphics and Status Display The TNC features various graphic display modes for testing programs To be able to use this feature you must select a program run operating mode Workpiece machining is simulated graphically in the display modes e Plan view e Projection in three planes e 3D view With the fast internal image generation the TNC calculates the contour and displays a graphic only of the completed part Select display mode GRAPHICS a Hoo Select display mode menu Selec
48. 1 P01 Q1 N230 D01 Q24 P01 04 P02 Q108 N240 DOO Q26 P01 06 N250 G54 X 09 Y 010 2 04 leee N2660 G73 GOO FOG ous taiiceeinnd tonesieisesedantainiies IZ 7 Ola Ochs ld T a a Eea N280 G10 G40 G90 R 024 H 060 aaa N290 G98 L1 N300 K 0 1 Q108 NSTU GOT YFOZFO FOTI ccosanonciucicencauatsanege N320 G98 L2 N330 G11 G40 R 04 H Q21 FQ11 N340 D02 Q21 P01 Q21 P02 Q03 N350 D11 P01 Q21 P02 Q02 P03 2 N360 R Q04 H Q02 N370 G01 Z Q15 F1000 N380 GOO G40 X Q24 N390 D01 Q26 P01 026 P02 008 N4400 DOO O2T POT OOT rcsncsecccerosmicinieureaesanens N410 G73 G90 H Q26 N420 D12 P01 Q26 P02 Q07 P03 1 N430 DO9 P01 026 P02 Q07 P0O3 1 N4440 G73 G90 HO S ccciesnasiosgaveuitensntaeanasaraians N45SO GSA XFO YIO ZAU m aneia aaah NOOO T orra a N9999 360712 G71 Determine starting and calculation values EE ETET Shift datum to center of sphere AE a Rotation for program start starting plane angle AEE Pole for pre positioning ONE Pre positioning before machining POPPEN Pre positioning at the beginning of each arc Mill the sphere upward until the highest point is reached Mill the highest point and then retract the tool S nr EEEE Prepare the next rotation increment ae ee Reset solid angle for machining to the starting value Rotate the coordinate system about the Z axis until plane end angle is reached NEES Reset rotation ee Reset datum shift P End of subprogram
49. 100 G99 T1 L 0 R 5 N110 T1 G17 S1000 Define and insert the tool N120 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M6 N130 D04 P01 Q13 P02 003 P03 2 Enter half the pocket length and width for the paths of N140 D04 P01 Q14 P02 004 PO3 2 traverse in blocks N200 N220 N300 N150 D04 P01 Q16 P02 Q06 PO3 4 Rounding radius for smooth approach N160 D04 P01 Q17 P02 Q07 P03 2 Feed rate in corners is half the rate for linear movement N170 X Q01 Y Q02 MO3 Pre position in X and Y pocket center spindle ON N180 Z 2 Pre position over workpiece N190 G01 Z Q05 FQO7 Move to working depth Q5 15 mm with feed rate Q7 100 N200 G41 G91 X Q13 G90 Y Q02 A kah a al N210 G26 RQ16 pproach the pocket in a tangential arc N220 G91 Y Q14 N230 G25 RQ6 FQ17 N240 X OQ3 N250 G25 RQ6 FQ17 N260 Y Q4 Mill the frame of the rectangular pocket N270 G25 RQ6 FQ17 N280 X Q3 N290 G25 RQ6 FQ17 N300 Y Q14 N310 G27 RO16 Depart to pocket center in a tangential arc N320 GOO G40 G90 X Q1 Y Q2 N330 Z 100 M02 Retract tool N9999 360077 G71 Program start and workpiece blank TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise Bolt hole circles TNC 360 Bore pattern 1 distributed over a full circle Entry values are listed below In program blocks N10 to N80 Movements in the plane are programmed with polar coordinates Bore pattern 2 distributed over a circle sector Entry values
50. 180 rotation 270 rotation a ke f 3D view not true to scale Fig 1 24 TNC graphics projection in three planes Fig 1 25 TNC graphics 3D view Fig 1 26 Rotated 3D view If the height to side ratio is between 0 5 and 50 a non scaled 3D view can be selected with the vertical arrow keys This view improves the resolu tion of the shorter workpiece side The angle orientation symbol also indicates the angle of orientation of the non scaled 3D view TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 4 Graphics and Status Display Detail magnification of a 3D graphic Fig 1 27 Detail magnification of a 3D graphic GRAPHICS a Select function for detail magnification If desired switch dialog for transfer of detail TRANSFER DETAIL ENT Magnify detail Details can be magnified in any display mode The abbreviation MAGN appears on the screen to indicate that the image is magnified Return to non magnified view GRAPHICS Press BLK FORM to display the workpiece in its programmed size FORM TNC 360 1 17 1 Introduction 1 4 Graphics and Status Display Status Display PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE The status display in a program run operating mode shows the current coordinates as well as the N85 G28 X ah eed N96 GO4 F300 following information Nioo 260 Y 50 e Type of position display ACTL NOML r
51. 2 M99 Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call N90 Z 100 M02 Retract tool and end program N9999 S814l G71 8 14 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Subcontour list SL cycles are very powerful cycles that enable you to mill any required contour They are characterized by the following features e A contour can consist of superimposed subcontours Pockets and islands compose the subcontours e The subcontours are programmed as subprograms e The control automatically superimposes the subcontours and calculates the points of intersection of the subcontours with each other Cycle G37 CONTOUR GEOMETRY contains the subcontour list and is a purely geometric cycle containing no cutting data or infeed values The machining data are defined in the following cycles e PILOT DRILLING G56 e ROUGH OUT G57 e CONTOUR MILLING G58 G59 Each subprogram defines whether radius compensation G41 or G42 applies The sequence of points determines the direction of rotation in which the contour is to be machined The control deduces from these data whether the specific subprogram describes a pocket or an island e Fora pocket the tool path is inside the contour e For an island the tool path is outside the contour at e The way the SL contour is machined is determined by MP 7420 e We recommend a graphical test run before you machine the part This will show whether all contours were correctly defined e All coordinate transformatio
52. 26 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Example for exercise Milling a hexagon Corner point coordinates Milling depth Tool radius Part program 55301 G 1 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 17 N40 T1 G17 S3200 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N60 I 50 J 50 N70 G10 R 70 H 190 N80 Z 10 M03 N90 G11 G41 R 45 H 180 F100 N100 H 120 N110H 60 N120 G91 H 60 N130 G90 H 6O0 N150 H 180 N160 G10 G40 R 70 H 170 N170 Z 100 M02 N9999 S530I G71 TNC 360 Begin program Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Call the tool Retract the spindle and insert the tool Set the pole Pre position in X Y to polar coordinates Pre position to working depth Move to contour point 1 Move to contour point 2 Move to contour point 3 Move to contour point 4 incremental value Move to contour point 5 absolute value Move to contour point 6 Move to contour point 1 Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation Retract the tool in Z 029 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Circular path G12 G13 G15 around pole I J K The polar coordinate radius is also the radius of the arc It is already defined by the distance from the POLE to the starting point Input e Polar coordinate angle H for arc end point at e You can enter values from 5400 to 5400 for H
53. 30 G99 T1 L 0 R 3 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 S2500 Tool call NBO G37 POl 2 P0217 Define in cycle CONTOUR GEOMETRY that the contour elements are described in subprograms 1 and 2 N60 G57 P01 2 P02 15 P03 8 P04 100 P05 0 POG 0 PO7 500 Cycle definition ROUGH OUT N70 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle insert the tool N80 X 40 Y 50 MO3 Pre positioning in X and Y spindle ON N90 Z 2 M99 Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call N100 Z 100 M02 N110 G98 L1 Subprogram 1 N120 G01 G42 X 40 Y 60 Geometry of the island N130 X 15 From radius compensation G42 and counterclockwise machining the control concludes that the contour element is N150 Y 20 an island N160 G25 R12 N170 X 70 N180 G25 R12 N190 Y 60 N200 G25 R12 N210 X 40 N220 G98 LO N230 G98 L2 Subprogram 2 N240 G01 G41 X 5 Y 5 Geometry of the auxiliary pocket N250 X 105 External limitation of the machining surface N260 Y 105 From radius compensation G41 and counterclockwise N270 X 5 machining the control concludes that the contour element is N280 Y 5 a pocket N290 G98 LO N9999 S818I G71 8 18 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Overlapping contours Pockets and islands can be overlapped to form a new contour The area of a pocket can thus be enlarged by another pocket or reduced by an island Starting position Machining begins at the starting position of the first pocket in cycl
54. Cartesian coordinates no direction of rotation defined Circular interpolation Cartesian coordinates tangential connection Single axis positioning block Linear interpolation polar coordinates at rapid traverse Linear interpolation polar coordinates Circular interpolation polar coordinates clockwise Circular interpolation polar coordinates counterclockwise Circular interpolation polar coordinates no direction of rotation defined Circular interpolation polar coordinates tangential connection O1 O Dwell time Mirror image Oriented spindle stop o O w o N oO O O 0 00 A o 0 0O C0 CO CO CO O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 O1 NUUWIVUVUWUOANNAN gt gt Definition of the pocket contour Cycle for program call cycle call with G79 Datum shift in a part program Pilot drilling contour pockets combined with G37 Roughing out contour pockets combined with G37 Contour milling clockwise combined with G37 Contour milling counterclockwise combined with G37 Scaling factor Rotation of the coordinate system Slot milling Rectangular pocket milling clockwise Rectangular pocket milling counterclockwise Circular pocket milling clockwise Circular pocket milling counterclockwise Pecking Tapping with a floating tap holder Rigid tapping Cycle call Select plane XY tool axis Z Select plane ZX tool axis Y Select plane YZ tool axis X Tool axis IV Chamfer with chamfer length R Corner rounding wi
55. E S HEIDENHAIN GRAPHICS bh herd moo ae maoni stat iby 4 8 FORM w pom cL PGM NR PGM CALL SSS N iG FIM b O a gt TOUCH DEL 3 CE Q ioe A PROBE al i em ay e o T i ZF S j gt PA 150 a4 tse inea RO 4 3 NS wF lewr L R T lees A oo 0 3 i a A User s Manual ISO Programming TNC 360 ep a ra 2 LL Keys and Controls on the TNC 360 Controls on the Visual Display Unit Sr Brightness S N Q Contrast Override Knobs 100 Feed rate 50 150 MW F 0 100 Spindle speed 50 150 OSs 0 Machine Operating Modes MANUAL OPERATION ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL POSITIONING WITH MANUAL DATA INPUT PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK 000og PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE J e Re D 3 3 5 lt e Q D V PROGRAMMING AND EDITING TEST RUN O amp J ogram and File Management Select programs and files pe BB Delete programs and files v 9 Enter program call in a program External data transfer BOE Supplementary modes Moving the Cursor and Selecting Blocks Cycles and Parameter Functions with GOTO Move the cursor highlight GOTO O Go directly to blocks cycles and parameter functions Graphics Graphic operating modes FORM Define blank form reset blank form Magnify detail Start graphic s
56. EOE a a a 8 11 CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING G7 7 G76 ncscnisiconimanscanadcodsdiontstiarabiacbunanobiuianne tee tatesuiks 8 13 SL 2 e eee ee eee ee 8 15 CONTOUR GEOMETRY GOF simdi ncn suite webs a alles a a a a 8 16 ROUGP OUT G5 Z a rcrr tasted ainai eaei ia eda AESA E EE EE SADA EAA 8 17 Overlapping COMTOUNS wis nidendcacnden radentmsdndddavevsarcude a aa ai ahaa raida iaa 8 19 PIECT DRIEL CRG o rari E EE E EE R e I Ra 8 25 CONTOUR MILLING G58 G5 9 anainn iaaa aa A D a E aaa aE A OS 8 26 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations cccsccssseseeeeeeseeeseeeees 8 29 DATUM RIET a tee trsclste eter sci parsed tote eat nt ac A ca sne beads AE E 8 30 MIRROR IMAGE G20 sesccnsndosaaaniasaeininavaaconsdeannicnasenteiadjmesaiabaniedctaetenaiceenaatiaduepaeamicetnae 8 33 ROTATION O73 kiese E EE E E EEO tie ies gas e EESE 8 35 SCALING TFAGIOR G72 areenan aA e e aa n a a er rennet cen E EE Terre re 8 36 Other CY CNC eni E E E cance 8 38 OWECC TIME GOA apee inne stench a i aaa I AE AAE aE A EEEE AEAEE S E ETAETA 8 38 PROGRAM CALE Goo a iicsesussnsasaiarnersasiresanceesedudiwamidssmiansnapactacchv ate uminadniennnicedmides uiarceanittnns 8 38 ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP GG ret saaiwsisa sstita ants caed nanana aaan aa TARAN E AE AART 8 39 9 External Data Transfer 9 1 Menu for External Data Transfer c cccccceceeeeeccceceeecceeeeeeeeeeeass 9 2 BIOCK WISE transie sccxcccessddacstecacwhasensedcancdsdndaenasisnatienedaasieadinadslealddodadseanasu
57. Enter O5 10 and confirm SECOND VALUE OR PARAMETER Enter 7 terminate block Resulting NC blocks N20 DOO Q05 P01 10 N30 D03 Q12 P01 Q5 P02 7 7 6 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 3 Trigonometric Functions Sine cosine and tangent are the terms for the ratios of the sides of right triangles Trigonometric functions simplify many calculations For a right triangle Sine sine a c Cosine cosa b c Tangent tana a b sina cosa Where e cis the side opposite the right angle e ais the side opposite the angle a e bis the third side The angle can be derived from the tangent o arctan arctan a b arctan sin cos a Example a 10mm p 10mm arctan a b arctan 1 45 Furthermore a b c a a a c Var b7 Overview TNC 360 DO6 SINE e g N10 DO6 O20 P01 005 Calculate the sine of an angle in degrees and assign it to a parameter D07 COSINE e g N10 DO7 Q21 P01 Q05 Calculate the cosine of an angle in degrees and assign it to a parameter D08 ROOT SUM OF SQUARES e g N10 DO8 Q10 P01 5 P02 4 Take the square root of the sum of two squares and assign it to a parameter D13 ANGLE e g N10 D13 Q20 P01 10 P02 Q01 Calculate the angle from the arc tangent of two sides or from the sine and cosine of the angle and assign it to a parameter Fig Pao Sides and angles on a right triangle Fal 7 Programming wit
58. Fixed Cycles Example Pecking Hole coordinates A X 20mm X 80mm Hole diameter Setup clearance 2 mm Total hole depth 15 mm Pecking depth 10 mm Dwell time 1 s Feed rate 80 mm min PECKING cycle in a part program WBO Gl 1 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 3 N40 T1 G17 1200 N50 G83 P01 2 P02 15 PO3 10 P04 1 P05 80 N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N70 X 20 Y 30 MOs N80 Z 2 M99 N90 X 80 Y 50 M99 N100 Z 100 M02 N9999 S85 G71 Begin program Define workpiece blank Tool definition Cycle definition PECKING Retract the spindle insert the tool Pre positioning for first hole spindle ON Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call Move to second hole cycle call Retract tool and end program TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles TAPPING with floating tap holder G84 Process e The thread is cut in one pass e When the tool reaches the total hole depth the direction of spindle rotation is reversed After the programmed dwell time the tool is retracted to the starting position e At the starting position the direction of rotation is reversed once again Required tool A floating tap holder is required for tapping The floating tap holder compensates the tolerances for feed rate and spindle speed during the tapping process Fig 8 2 TAPPING cycle Input data e SETUP CLEARANCE Distance between tool ti
59. Is depressed If you are using the handwheel for machine setup press the enabling switch Only then can you move the axes with the axis direction buttons TNC 360 2 3 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 1 Moving the Machine Axes Incremental jog positioning With incremental jog positioning a machine axis will move by a preset increment each time you press the corresponding machine axis direction button Fig 2 3 Incremental jog positioning in the X axis A gt ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL INTERPOLATION FACTOR Select incremental jog positioning Select incremental jog positioning by pressing the handwheel mode key again ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL JOG INCREMENT Enter the jog increment for example 8 mm Press the machine axis direction button as often as desired uit Incremental jog positioning must be enabled by the machine tool builder Positioning with manual data input MDI Page b 41 describes positioning by manually entering the target coordi nates for the tool 2 4 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 2 Spindle Speed S Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Function M The following values can be entered and changed in the MANUAL OPER ATION and ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL modes of operation e Miscellaneous function M e Spindle speed S e Feed rate F can be changed but not entered For part programs these functions are entered or edited directly in the PROGRAMMING AND EDITING operating mode OOo000 OoOoo0
60. Q20 P01 100 N130 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N140 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N150 G99 T1 L Q10 R Q11 N160 T1 G17 S500 N170 1 Q6 J Q7 N180 GOO G40 G90 Z Q1 M06 N190 X Q2 Y Q3 N200 Z Q5 M03 N210 G01 G41 X Q8 Y Q9 FQ20 N220 G02 X 08 Y Q9 N230 G01 G40 X 04 Y Q3 N240 Z Q1 M02 N9999 3600741 G71 Start of program Definition of blank form MIN point Definition of blank form MAX point Tool definition Coordinates of the circle center Retract the spindle and Insert the tool Pre position the tool Pre position the tool to working depth Move to first contour point with radius compensation Mill circular arc around circle center J coordinates of end point X 50 and Y Q positive direction of rotation G02 Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation Retract the tool in Z Clearance height Start pos X Start End pos Y End pos X Milling depth Circle center X Circle center Y Circle start point X Circle start point Y Tool length L Tool radius R Milling feed rate F Blocks N10 to N120 Assign numerical values to the Q parameters Blocks N130 to N240 Corresponding to blocks N10 to N120 from program S520I TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 2 Describing Contours Through Mathematical Functions Overview TNC 360 The mathematical functions assign the results of one of the following operations to a Q parameter D00 ASSIGN e g N10 DOO Q05 P01 60 Assigns a value di
61. ROGRAM Transfer selected program to an external device READ OUT SELECTED PROGRAM Transfer all programs which are in TNC memory READ OUT ALL PROGRAMS to an external device Aborting data transfer To abort a data transfer process press END at If you are transferring data between two TNCs the receiving control must be started first Blockwise transfer In the operating modes PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE and SINGLE BLOCK It is possible to transfer programs which exceed the memory capacity of the TNC by means of blockwise transfer with simultaneous execution see page 3 6 9 2 TNC 360 9 External Data Transfer 9 2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for Data Interfaces RS 232 C V 24 Interface HEIDENHAIN devices External unit HEIDENHAIN RS 232 C HEIDENHAIN eg FE standard cable adapter block connecting cable 3m max 17 m py TT eC Id Nr 242 869 01 Id Nr 239 758 01 ld Nr 239 760 Chassis Receive Data Transmit Data Clear To Send Request To Send Data Terminal Ready Signal Ground 1 1 1 1 2 2 I2 3 3 a 2 4 4 4 4 5 g as 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 ZI 7 8 8 8 8 20 DSR Data Set Ready Fig 9 2 Pin layout of the RS 232 C V 24 interface for HEIDENHAIN devices al The connecting pin layout on the TNC logic unit X25 is different from that on the adapter block Non HEIDENHAIN devices The connector pin layout on a non HEIDENHAIN device may differ consid erably from that on a HEIDENHAIN device The pin layout
62. Run 3 3 Blockwise Transfer Executing Long Programs Jumping over blocks The TNC can jump to any desired block in the program to begin transfer The preceding blocks are ignored during a program run Select the program and start transfer BBO a i Enter the block number at which you wish to begin data transfer for example 150 Execute the transferred blocks starting with the block number that you entered TNC 360 3 7 4 Programming 4 Programming In the PROGRAMMING AND EDITING mode of operation you can do such things as e creating e adding to and e editing files This chapter describes basic functions and programming input that do not cause machine axis movement The entry of geometry for workpiece machining is described in the next chapter 4 1 Editing Part Programs Layout of a program A part program consists of individual program blocks Block The TNC numbers the blocks in ascending order The block number increment is defined through the N10 GOO G40 G90 X 100 Y 20 M3 machine parameter MP 7220 see page 11 5 Program blocks contain units of information called words Path function Block Words Number Fig 4 1 Program blocks contain words of specific information Continue the dialog Ignore the dialog question End the block Erase the block Erase the word 4 2 TNC 360 4 Programming 4 1 Editing Part Programs Editing functions TNC 360 Editing means entering
63. Select unit of measurement mm inch Select programming language Set traverse limits 10 1 Selecting Changing and Exiting the MOD Functions To select the MOD functions ES Select the MOD functions To change the MOD functions Select the desired MOD function with the arrow keys Page through the MOD functions until you find the desired function Repeatedly To exit the MOD functions D Close the MOD functions 10 2 NC and PLC Software Numbers The software numbers of the NC and PLC are displayed in the dialog field when the corresponding MOD function is selected 10 2 TNC 360 10 MOD Functions 10 3 Entering the Code Number The TNC asks for a code number before allowing access to certain functions itm dC Cancel erase edit protection status P Select user parameters Timers for Control ON Program run Spindle ON 857282 Code numbers are entered in the dialog field after the corresponding MOD function is selected 10 4 Setting the External Data Interfaces Two functions are available for setting the external data interface e BAUD RATE e RS 232 INTERFACE Use the vertical arrow keys to select the functions BAUD RATE The baud rate is the speed of data transfer in bits per second Permissible baud rates enter with the numerical keys 110 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 baud The ME 101 has a baud rate of 2400 RS 232 C Interface The proper setting depend
64. TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 1 General Overview of Cycles Frequently recurring machining sequences comprising several steps are stored in the TNC memory as cycles Coordinate transformations and other special functions are also available as cycles The cycles are divided into several groups e Simple fixed cycles such as pecking and tapping as well as the milling operations slot milling circular pocket milling and rectangular pocket milling e SL Subcontour List cycles which allow machining of relatively complex contours composed of several overlapping subcontours e Coordinate transformation cycles which enable datum shift rotation mirror image enlarging and reducing for various contours e Special cycles such as dwell time program call and oriented spindle stop Programming a cycle Defining a cycle Select the desired cycle and program it in the dialog by entering the appropriate G function The following example shows how to define any cycle B B Select a cycle for example RIGID TAPPING D SETUP CLEARANCE Enter setup clearance for example 2 mm o UA B P P TOTAL HOLE DEPTH e g E gt Enter total hole depth for example 30 mm THREAD PITCH e g o0 A E Enter thread pitch for example 0 75 mm Resulting NC block G85 P01 2 PO2 30 PO3 0 75 8 2 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 1 General Overview of Cycles tt Cycle call The following cycles become effective immediately upon being defined in the part progr
65. The Q parameters Q100 to Q113 are assigned values by the TNC Such values include e Values from the PLC e Tool and spindle data e Data on operating status etc Values from the PLC Q100 to Q107 The TNC uses the parameters Q100 to Q107 to transfer values from the PLC to an NC program Tool radius Q108 The radius of the current tool is assigned to Q108 Tool axis Q109 The value of parameter Q109 depends on the current tool axis Tool axis Parameter value No tool axis defined Z axis Y axis X axis Spindle status Q110 The value of Q110 depends on the M function last programmed for the spindle M function Parameter value No spindle status defined MO3 Spindle on clockwise M04 Spindle on counterclockwise MO5 after M03 MO5 after M04 Coolant on off Q111 M function Parameter value M08 Coolant on MO9 Coolant off 11 13 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 3 Preassigned Q Parameters 11 14 Overlap factor Q112 The overlap factor for pocket milling MP 7430 is assigned to Q112 Unit of measurement 0113 The value of parameter Q113 specifies whether the highest level NC program for nesting with is programmed in millimeters or inches After NC start Q113 is set as follows Unit of measurement main program Parameter value Millimeters Inches Current tool length Q114 The current value of the tool length is assigned to Q114 Coordinates from probing during program r
66. a iaa 2 9 Selecting the touch probe MENU cccccecccceccssecceeeceeeeeeeuceseeeeseeseeeeseeeeseaeeseuesenaeseaaees 2 9 Calibrating the 3D touch Probe 20 2 cece ccecccc cece ee eeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaesteaesesneeeaneeeaneesaeeas 2 10 Compensating workpiece MISALIGNMENT ccecccccceceeceseeeeseeeeeeeeseeesueeeeneeeen estan eeens 2 12 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System 2 14 Setting the datum in a specific AXIS cee cc ceecccececceeceeeeeeue este sete eeeseeeneeeeeeteneeeaneeeas 2 14 SaR aS 140 7 e eee eee E ae ee ee eee 2 15 Circle center AS DATUM 200 ce ce ccccceccccecccceeceeeeeeee cece eceeeeetaeeseaeeeeeeseeaesesneseseeeaneensneeaeeens 2 17 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe System cccsccsssesseeeees 2 19 Finding the coordinate of a position on an aligned workpiece ceccceeceeeeeeeeeeeee es 2 19 Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working Plane cccccccccecceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeees 2 19 Measuring workpiece CIMENSIONS cccccecceecee eee ee ees eeee ees eeseeese cess seen eeseeeneeseeeneees 2 20 FV Shes UII ande Sexe sco acess asst eects testensice ce tibhon sms nla apditon andes bea excnsanar iin ncn ieranipseaab tii 2 21 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 1 ee en eee ae eee ee ee 3 2 Mh U eea a aaa e a ne ERT epnencntarts 3 2 3 2 Program Run 2 cccccccceece eee ceeeeeecaneeeeeaeesaneeeesaeeeeeeeeesanesaaseeesaneaeeseneaaaes 3 3 Totun apat oro
67. a main program as a subprogram PROGRAM NAME Enter the main program call and the name of the program you want to call Resulting NC block NAME at A main program can also be called with cycle G39 see page 8 38 TNC 360 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 4 Nesting Subprograms and program section repeats can be nested in the following variations J e Program e Program Nesting depth Subprograms in subprograms section repeats in program section repeats Subprograms can be repeated section repeats can appear in subprograms The nesting depth is the number of successive levels for which subpro grams or program sections can call further subprograms or program section repeats Maximum nesting depth for subprograms 8 Maximum nesting depth for calling main programs 4 Subprogram in a subprogram Program layout e g N17 e g N35 N36 e g N39 e g N45 N46 e g N62 N9999 PGMS G71 LSA EEEE EEEE E EEEE E A A cee Call of subprogram at G98 L1 500 G40 Z100 M2 cscccdcscsswstcssssceiacvesas Last program block of main program with M2 Goes i Subprogram 1 2 OF with program call of ep subprogram 2 GCIS EOC Soe pee eee E A S End of subprogram 1 Sis L2 Subprogram 2 GISO EAA RN E a E EAE End of subprogram 2 UPOMO GI eissaia End of main program Sequence of program execution Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 TNC 360
68. adding to or changing commands and information for the TNC The TNC enables you to Enter data with the keyboard Select desired blocks and words Insert and erase blocks and words Correct erroneously entered values and commands Easily clear TNC messages from the screen Types of input Numbers coordinate axes and radius compensation are entered directly by keyboard You can set the algebraic sign either before during or after a numerical entry Selecting blocks and words e o calla block with a certain block number a 170 Block number 10 is highlighted e To move one block forward or backward Press the vertical arrow keys or e o select individual words in a block e To find the same word in other blocks D amp D B Press the horizontal arrow keys Select the word in the block Jump to the same word in other blocks Inserting blocks Additional program blocks can be inserted behind any existing block except the N9999 block GOTO f u o Ei o Select the block in front of the desired insertion D a a 5 Program the new block 4 3 4 4 1 4 4 Programming Editing Part Programs Editing and inserting words Highlighted words can be changed as desired simply overwrite the old value with the new one After entering the new information press a horizontal arrow key to remove the highlight from the block or confirm the change with the END key You can also insert new wo
69. am e Coordinate transformation cycles e Dwell time e The SL cycle G37 CONTOUR GEOMETRY All other cycles must be called separately Further information on cycle calls is provided in the descriptions of the individual cycles If the cycle is to be executed after the block in which it was called up program the cycle call e with G79 e with the miscellaneous function M99 If the cycle is to be run after every positioning block it must be called with the miscellaneous function M89 depending on the machine parameters M89 is cancelled with M99 Prerequisites The following data must be programmed before a cycle call Blank form for graphic display Tool call Positioning block for starting position X Y Positioning block for starting position Z setup clearance Direction of rotation of the spindle miscellaneous functions M3 M4 Cycle definition Dimensions in the tool axis tt TNC 360 The dimensions for tool axis movement are always referenced to the position of the tool at the time of the cycle call and interpreted by the control as incremental dimensions It is not necessary to program G91 The algebraic signs for SETUP CLEARANCE TOTAL HOLE DEPTH and JOG INCREMENT define the working direction They must be entered identically usually negative The TNC assumes that at the beginning of the cycle the tool is positioned over the workpiece at the clearance height 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles PECKING G83
70. am N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 2 5 Tool definition drill N40 G99 T2 L 0 R 3 Tool definition rough mill N50 G99 T3 L 0 R 2 5 Tool definition finish mill N60 L10 0 Subprogram call for tool change N70 G38 M06 Stop program run N80 T1 G17 S2500 Tool call drill N90 G37 POTT POZ 2 P03 3 P044 Cycle definition CONTOUR GEOMETRY N100 G56 P01 2 P02 10 P03 5 P04 500 P05 2 Cycle definition PILOT DRILLING N110 Z 2 MO3 N120 G79 Cycle call PILOT DRILLING N130 L10 0 N140 G38 MOG Tool change N150 T2 GT7 51750 Tool call rough mill N160 G57 P01 2 P02 10 P03 5 P04 100 P05 2 PO6 0 P0O7 500 Cycle definition ROUGH OUT N170 Z 2 MO3 N180 G79 Cycle call ROUGH OUT N190 L10 0 N200 G38 MO6 Tool change N210 T3 G17 2500 Tool call finish mill N220 G58 P01 2 PO2 10 P03 10 P04 100 Cycle definition CONTOUR MILLING N230 Z 2 M03 N240 G79 Cycle call CONTOUR MILLING N250 Z 100 M02 N260 G98 L10 Subprogram for tool change N270 10 G17 N280 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 N290 X 20 Y 20 N300 G98 LO From block N310 add the subprograms listed on page 8 24 N9999 S829I G71 8 28 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations Coordinate transformations enable a programmed contour to be changed in Its position orientation or size A contour can be shifted DATUM SHIFT cycles G53 G54 mirrored MIRROR IMAGE cycle G28 rot
71. ameters N40 DOO Q21 P01 50 N50 DOO Q22 P01 10 N60 DOO Q23 P01 0 N70 T0 G17 N80 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 MOG Insert touch probe N90 G55 P01 10 P02 Z X Q11 Y Q12 Z 013 The Z coordinate probed in the negative direction is stored in Q10 1st point N100 X 021 Y 022 Move to auxiliary point for second pre positioning N110 G55 P01 20 P02 Z X Q21 Y Q22 Z 023 The Z coordinate probed in the negative direction is stored in Q20 2nd point N120 D02 Q01 P01 Q20 P02 010 Measure the height of the island and assign to Q1 N130 G38 Q1 can be checked after the program run has been stopped see page 7 10 N140 Z 100 M02 N9999 3600717 G71 Retract the tool and end the program TNC 360 I 15 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise Rectangular pocket with corner rounding and tangential approach 7 14 Pocket center coordinates X 50 mm Q1 Y 50 mm Q2 Pocket length X 90 mm Pocket width Y 70 mm Working depth Z 15mm Corner radius R 10 mm Milling feed F 200 mm min Note At corners 21 and 31 the workpiece will be machined slightly differently than shown in the drawing Part program 360077 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 DOO Q01 P01 50 N40 DOO Q02 P01 50 N50 DOO Q03 P01 90 N60 DOO Q04 P01 70 Assign the rectangular pocket data to O parameters N70 DOO Q05 P01 15 N80 DOO Q06 P01 10 N90 DOO Q07 P01 200 N
72. aneees 5 32 FS NC IU MN Ce AVON sessirnir aena aeaa iaaa 5 33 M Functions for Contouring Behavior and Coordinate Data 5 36 smoothing comers VIGO ca cicdissesinccdasninuccctibletagainnatiacinneisouehantnnduae camel dmmaanaiselnaaine letieg bbdiordasiertinal 5 36 Macnining small contour SIS DS MOZ were issuicedacinisdenaainniessscuiponctinnatsindsnigiecnadiaainiasningioiiautionts 5 37 MVacnining open contours MOO cesesiereransisncnsiecnnaramiiicasnincennvineundieanadachnuivemdadanncnmeniiiuiens 5 38 Programming machine referenced coordinates M91 M92 ccecce 5 39 Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI 0 eee 5 41 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 1 Subprograms nen eee ee ee ee eee ee 6 2 FET VEU E EE E A E N AEE AA ANE P AOE A EE E A 6 2 Se PIG IMTS ccarstesctedecserei toa tntetnam adios otisdecteniee aa a a ai aN aia r Naai 6 2 Programming and calling SUDOrograliS aicicints sanirwcnanesiioua soanannaetenatuien xalebaieonnddaniaiehvenmeanbiniaeaan 6 3 6 2 Program Section Repeats ccccccccssccsseeccseesceeeeseeeeseeeeaeeesseeeeeneeeess 6 5 E NAAA AEE N E ENAA tte E EE E E E E 6 5 Programming NOTCS aisinada daia Taa ii ai aaa Ea ln eee 6 5 Programming and calling a program section repeat scssesieisereresrrrrrrrrerrrrerrrrerne 6 5 6 3 Main Program as Subprogram ccccccssseceeeecseeeceeneeeeeeneeeeaeeeeanees 6 8 GUL VIVE A E A E E E A E EA 6 8 Operating MMTS arasinan de iaaea a Ea er a aa
73. anel are grouped according to their functions This simplifies programming and the application of the TNC functions Programming The TNC 360 is programmed in ISO format Programming with the easy to understand HEIDENHAIN plain language dialog format is also possible and is described in the TNC 360 User s Manual for HEIDENHAIN Conversa tional Programming Graphics The graphic simulation enables you to test programs before actual machin ing Various types of graphic representation can be selected Compatibility The TNC 360 can execute any part program that was programmed on a TNC 150B HEIDENHAIN control or any subsequent version TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 1 The TNC 360 The Operating Panel The keys on the TNC operating panel are grouped according to their functions e Program selection e Address letters e External data transfer a CT PGM 07 10 e Probing functions e Editing functions NR ELEIT e Numerical entries e Jump instruction GOTO e Axis selection e Arrow keys pel 4 EW EXT gt PROBE oO aa G2 4 e Address letters CYCL CYCL LBL LBL SMS DEF CALL SET 07 V 8 NO TOOL TOOL L R ENT DEF CALL R z RF e NO ENT key e Tool related address letters area 0 4 FAK MAGN START m perating modes Graphic operating pn HEIDENHAIN 2 modes Override controls for spindle speed The functions of the individual keys are de and feed rate scribed on the inside front cover An overvi
74. are listed below in blocks N150 to N190 O5 Q7 and Q8 remain the same The holes are executed with cycle G83 PECKING see page 8 4 Part program 3600715 G71 N10 DOO Q01 P01 N20 DOO Q02 P01 N30 DOO Q03 P01 N40 DOO Q04 P01 N50 DOO Q05 P01 N60 DOO Q06 P01 N70 DOO Q07 P01 N80 DOO Q08 P01 15 N90 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N100 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N110 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 N120 T1 G17 2500 N150 DOO Q1 P01 N160 DOO Q2 P01 N170 DOO Q3 P01 N180 DOO O4 P01 N190 DOO Q6 P01 N200 L1 0 N210 GOO G40 G90 Z 200 M02 Load data for bolt hole circle 1 Circle center X coordinate Circle center Y coordinate Number of holes Circle radius Starting angle Hole angle increment 0 distribute holes over 360 Setup clearance Total hole depth Definition of the pecking cycle setup clearance Total hole depth according to the load data Pecking depth Dwell time Feed rate for pecking Call bolt hole circle 1 Load data for bolt hole circle 2 only re enter changed data New circle center X coordinate New circle center Y coordinate New number of holes New circle radius New hole angle increment not a full circle 5 holes at 30 intervals Call bolt hole circle 2 End of main program Continued VO 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise N220 G98 L1 Subprogram bolt hole circle N230 DOO Q10 P01 0 Set the counter for finished holes N240 D10 P01 06 P02 0 P03 10
75. arts are machined Example Cylinder with Q parameters Cylinder radius R QI Cylinder height A 02 Cylinder Z1 Q1 30 O2 10 Cylinder Z2 Q1 10 Q2 50 Fig 7 2 Workpiece dimensions as O parameters To assign numerical values to Q parameters D O Select function DO ASSIGN PARAMETER NUMBER FOR RESULT e g o Enter Q parameter number wv FIRST VALUE PARAMETER e g 6 Enter value or another Q parameter whose value is to be assigned to g5 Resulting NC block N20 D00 Q05 P01 6 TNC 360 7 3 7 TA 7 4 Programming with Q Parameters Q Parameters Instead of Numerical Values Example for exercise Full circle Circle center I J X 50mm Y s BO mm Beginning and end of the circular arc X 50 mm Y 0mm Milling depth ZM 5 mm Tool radius R 15mm Part program without Q parameters S5201 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 1 Y 1 220 N20 G30 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T6 L 0 R 15 N40 T6 G17 S500 N50 1 50 J 50 N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 MOG N70 X 30 Y 20 N90 G01 G41 X 50 Y 0 F100 N100 GO2 X 50 Y 0 N110 GOO G40 X 70 Y 20 N120 Z 100 M02 N9999 55201 G71 Part program with Q parameters 3600741 G71 N10 DOO Q01 PO1 100 N20 DOO Q02 P01 30 N30 DOO Q03 P01 20 N40 DOO Q04 P01 70 N50 DOO Q05 P01 5 N60 DOO Q06 P01 50 N70 DOO Q07 P01 50 N80 DOO Q08 P01 50 N90 DOO Q09 P01 0 N100 DOO Q10 P01 0 N110 DOO Q11 P01 15 N120 DOO
76. ated ROTATION cycle G73 made smaller or larger SCALING FACTOR cycle G72 The original contour must be identified as a subpro gram or program section Activation of coordinate transformations Immediate activation A coordinate transformation becomes effective as soon as It is defined it does not have to be called The transformation remains effective until it is changed or cancelled To cancel a coordinate transformation e Define cycle for basic behavior with new values for example scaling factor 1 e Execute miscellaneous function M02 M30 or block N 9999 depending on machine parameters e Select a new program Fig 8 35 Examples of coordinate transformations TNC 360 0 29 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations DATUM SHIFT G54 Z Application You can repeat machining operations at various locations on the work piece by shifting the datum Y Z R X based on the new datum Shifted axes are identified in the status display Activation 1 When the DATUM SHIFT cycle has been defined all coordinate data are N Input data Only the coordinates of the new datum need to be entered Absolute values are based on the workpiece datum manually defined with datum setting Incremental values are based on the last valid datum this datum Fig 8 36 Activation of the datum shift can itself be shifted Z Y gt X ts tS Ce gt Fig 8 37 Datum shift absolute Fig 8 38 Dat
77. ated anywhere outside of the hatch marked area in Fig 5 6 It is approached without radius compensation Fig 5 6 End position after machining Departing the end position in the spindle axis The spindle axis is moved separately when the end position is departed Example G00 G40 X Y approaching the end position Z 50 retracting the tool Fig 5 7 Retract separately in the spindle axis Common starting and end position A common starting and end position 6 can be located outside of the hatch marked area in the figures The best common starting and end position lies exactly between the extensions of the tool paths for machining the first and last contour elements A common starting and end position is approached without radius com pensation Fig 5 8 Common starting and end position TNC 360 5 5 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 2 Contour Approach and Departure Smooth approach and departure The tool approaches and departs the workpiece at a tangent if you select the function G26 for approach and the function G27 for departure This prevents dwell marks on the workpiece surface Starting and end positions The starting and end positions of machining lie outside of the workpiece and near the first and last contour elements respectively The tool paths to the starting and end positions are programmed without radius compensation PIG oo Smooth approach onto a contour Input e During contou
78. ation of your machine TNC 360 1 5 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of Numerical Control NC Introduction This chapter addresses the following topics What is NC The part program Programming Reference system Cartesian coordinate system Additional axes Polar coordinates Setting the pole Datum setting Absolute workpiece positions Incremental workpiece positions Programming tool movements Position encoders Reference mark evaluation What is NC NC stands for Numerical Control Simply put numerical control is the operation of a machine by means of coded instructions Modern controls such as the HEIDENHAIN TNCs have a built in computer for this purpose Such a control is therefore also called a CNC Computer Numerical Control The part program A part program is a complete list of instructions for machining a work piece It contains such information as the target position of a tool move ment the tool path i e how the tool should move towards the target position and the feed rate The program must also contain information on the radius and length of the tools the spindle speed and the tool axis Programming 1 6 The TNC is programmed in the ISO format some programming sections however are guided by dialog prompting The single commands words can be entered in any sequence within a block except G90 G91 The TNC automatically sorts the single commands as soon as the block is conclud ed
79. att The machine tool builder may have programmed a text that differs from the above Output through an external data interface The function D15 PRINT transmits the values of Q parameters and error messages over the data interface This enables you to send such data to external devices for example to a printer e D15 PRINT with numerical values up to 254 Example N100 D15 P01 20 Transmits the corresponding error message see overview for D14 e D15 PRINT with Q parameter Example N200 D15 P01 Q20 Transmits the value of the corresponding O parameter Up to six Q parameters and numerical values can be transmitted simulta neously Example N250 D15 P01 4 P02 Q05 P03 4 P04 Q25 Assigning values for the PLC Function D19 PLC transmits up to two numerical values or Q parameters to the PLC Input increment and unit of measure 1um or 0 001 Example N25 D19 P01 10 P02 03 The number 10 corresponds to 10 um or 0 01 TNC 360 7 11 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 7 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe During Program Run The 3D touch probe can measure positions on a workpiece during pro gram run Applications e Measuring differences in the height of cast surfaces e Checking tolerances during machining Enter G55 to activate the touch probe The touch probe is automatically pre positioned with rapid traverse from MP6150 and probes the specified position with feed rate from MP6120 The coordinate measured fo
80. banscladinheoasmedsemaanowstex 9 2 9 2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for Data Interfaces 9 3 fete ee OF 2A a gies c a eee a eee ee nee ey ee eee ee eee aa 9 3 9 3 Preparing the Devices for Data Transfer cccccccceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeees 9 4 Pe e PNY CS spe ec icciere tees casei tse N E nde E ets le x flee ise prude gic 9 4 Nom HEIDENRAIN SCS aE tvts acces nto a a a e a ei 9 4 TNG 360 10 MOD Functions 10 1 Selecting Changing and Exiting the MOD Functions 10 2 10 2 NC and PLC Software Numbers cccccsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeseeeeeees 10 2 10 3 Entering the Code Number ccccscecceeeeceeeeeseenseeeeaseensneseeneseaes 10 3 10 4 Setting the External Data Interfaces ccccccecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 10 3 BAUD RATE oop Setetrs atte aenn a acta a E aAA AER a RA aia 10 3 Ro 2924 C Inten AC C i tcwestaosreacretediacindadittes tain dneannpaw Rope EA OERE EE E KEI ENSE ON EEA NFA hS EE 10 3 10 5 Machine Specific User Parameters c cscccsscessseeeseeeeeeeeneeeeeeees 10 4 10 6 Selecting Position Display Types c cccccseeesseeesseeeeeeeesseesaseeeaes 10 4 10 7 Selecting the Unit of Measurement cccesceesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaes 10 5 10 8 Selecting the Programming Language scccsssessseeeseeeeeeeeeaeees 10 5 10 9 Setting the Axis Traverse Limits ccccccccsseesseeeseeeeeseeeeneeeeneneeees 10 6
81. be System Displaying basic rotation C ROTATION X Y Y The angle of the basic rotation is shown in the E rotation angle display When a basic rotation is active the abbreviation ROT is highlighted in the status display 2S 1400 F Fig 2 12 Displaying the angle of an active basic rotation To cancel a basic rotation Select BASIC again ROTATION ANGLE Set the ROTATION ANGLE to 0 Terminate the probe function TNC 360 2 135 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 5 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System The following functions for setting the datum on an aligned workpiece are listed for in the TCH PROBE menu e Datum setting in any axis with SURFACE DATUM e Setting a corner as datum with CORNER DATUM e Setting the datum ata circle center with CIRCLE CENTER DATUM Setting the datum in a specific axis Fig 2 13 Probing for the datum in the Z axis Select the probe function SURFACE DATUM Move the touch probe to a starting position near the touch point SURFACE DATUM X X Y Y Z Z for example Z in the Z direction a Select the probing direction and the axis in which you wish to set the datum Probe the workpiece Enter the nominal coordinate of the DATUM 2 14 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 5 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System Corner as datum Fig 2 14 Probing procedure for finding the coordinates of
82. bprogram must always end with label number 0 9 8 Select the label setting function D LABEL NUMBER Resulting NC block G98 LO To call the subprogram A subprogram is called with its label number 5 E O E Calls the subprogram following LBL 5 Resulting NC block L5 0 at The command LO 0 is not allowed because label O can only be used to mark the end of a subprogram TNC 360 6 3 6 6 1 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Subprograms tt The holes are drilled with cycle G83 PECKING You enter the total hole depth setup clearance drilling feed rate etc once in the cycle You can then call the cycle with the miscellaneous func tion M99 see page 8 3 Coordinates to the first hole in each group Group X 15 mm Y Group X 45 mm Yy Group X 75 mm Y 10 mm 60 mm 10 mm Spacing of holes X 20 mm Y 20 mm Total hole depth DEPTH Z 10 mm Hole diameter Part program S641 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 2 5 N40 T1 G17 S3500 N50 G83 P01 2 P02 10 P03 5 P04 0 N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 MO6 N70 X 15 Y 10 N80 Z 2 M03 N90 L1 0 N100 X 45 Y 60 N110 L1 0 N120 X 75 Y 10 W130 L1 0 N140 Z 100 M02 N150 G98 L1 N160 G79 N170 G91 X 20 M99 N180 Y 20 M99 N190 X 20 G90 M99 N200 G98 LO N9999 S64l G71 Example for exercise Group of four holes at three different locati
83. caling factor enter a scaling factor of 1 Prerequisite Before entering a scaling factor It is advisable to set the datum to an edge or corner of the contour 8 36 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations TNC 360 Example Scaling factor A contour Subprogram 1 is to be executed once as originally programmed referenced to the manually set datum X 0 Y 0 and then executed again referenced to X 60 Y 70 and reduced by a scaling factor of 0 8 SCALING FACTOR cycle in a part program 58471 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 N40 T1 G17 1500 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 N70 G54 X 70 Y 60 N80 G72 F0 8 N100 G72 Fi N110 G54 X 0 Y 0 N120 Z 100 MO2 N130 G98 L1 N250 G98 LO N9999 58471 G71 Begin program Define workpiece blank Retract the tool Execute sequence 1 at original size Execute sequence 2 with datum shift and scaling factor Cancel scaling factor Cancel datum shift This subprogram is identical to the subpro gram shown on page 8 32 The corresponding subprogram see page 8 32 is programmed after M2 8 37 8 Cycles 8 5 Other Cycles DWELL TIME G04 Application Within a running program the execution of the next block is delayed by the programmed dwell time A dwell time cycle can be used for example for chip breaking Activation This cycle becomes effective as soon as It is defined Modal con
84. ction begins at the start or at the end of the block in which it is pro grammed You can program several M functions in one NC block as long as they are independent of each other The M function list on the inside back cover of this manual shows the different groups of M functions at Some M functions are not effective on certain machines The machine tool builder may also add some of his own M functions A program run or test run is interrupted when it reaches an NC block containing the function G38 If you wish to interrupt the program run or test run for a certain duration use the cycle G04 DWELL TIME see page 8 38 TNC 360 4 19 4 Programming 4 7 Actual Position Capture Sometimes you may want to enter the actual position of the tool in a specific axis as a coordinate in a part program Instead of reading the actual position values and entering them with the numeric keypad you can simply press the actual position capture key This feature can be used for example to enter the tool length Fig 4 12 Storing the actual position in the TNC To capture the actual position MANUAL OPERATION Move the tool to the position that you wish to capture PROGRAMMING AND EDITING Select or create the program block in which you wish to enter the actual position of the tool Select the axis in which you wish to capture a coordinate for example the X axis Transfer the actual position coordinate to the program
85. ction of rotation G59 e M3 defines up cut milling for pocket and island Input data SETUP CLEARANCE MILLING DEPTH PECKING DEPTH FEED RATE FOR PECKING Traversing speed of the tool during penetration e FEED RATE Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane Fig 8 31 Finishing allowance 8 26 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles The following scheme illustrates the application of the cycles Pilot Drilling Rough Out and Contour Milling in part programming 1 List of contour subprograms G37 Cycle call not required 2 Drilling Define and call drilling tool G56 Pre positioning Cycle call required Fig 8 32 PILOT DRILLING cycle 3 Rough out Define and call tool for rough milling G57 Pre positioning Cycle call required Fig 8 33 ROUGH OUT cycle 4 Finishing Define and call finish milling tool G58 G59 Pre positioning Cycle call required Fig 8 34 CONTOUR MILLING cycle 5 Contour subprograms M02 Subprograms for the subcontours TNC 360 8 27 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Example Overlapping pockets with islands Inside machining with pilot drilling roughing out and finishing PGM S829lI is based on S824 The main program has been expanded by the cycle definitions and cycle calls for pilot drilling and finishing The contour subprograms 1 to 4 are identical to those in PGM S824lI see page 8 24 and are added after block N300 S829 G71 Begin progr
86. cuting is not completed Interrupt machining The sign in the status display blinks The part program can be aborted with the D key D Abort program run The sign disappears from the status display To interrupt machining by switching to the PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK operating mode You can interrupt the program run at the end of the current block Select PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK 34 TNC 360 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 2 Program Run Resuming program run after an interruption TNC 360 When a program run is interrupted the TNC stores The data of the last called tool Active coordinate transformations The coordinates of the last defined circle center The count of a running program section repeat The number of the last block that calls a subprogram or a program section repeat Resuming program run with the START button You can resume program run by pressing the machine START button if the program was Interrupted in one of the following ways e Pressing the machine STOP button e A programmed interruption e Pressing the EMERGENCY STOP button machine dependent function Resuming program run after an error e f the error message is not blinking Remove the cause of the error Clear the error message from the screen D Restart the program e f the error message is blinking Switch off the TNC and the machine D Remove the cause of the error Restart the program e f you ca
87. ditions Such as spindle rotation are not affected Input data The dwell time is programmed with G04 followed by F and the desired dwell time in seconds Entry range 0 to 30 000 s approx 8 3 hours in increments of 0 001 s Example NC block N135 G04 F3 PROGRAM CALL G39 Application and activation Part programs such as special drilling cycles curve milling or geometric modules can be written as main programs and then called for use just like fixed cycles Input data Enter the file name of the program to be called The program is called with e G79 separate block or e M99 blockwise or e M89 modally Example Program call A callable program program 50 is to be called into a program with a cycle call Part program G39 POT 50 Definition Program 50 is a cycle GOO G40 X 20 Y 50 M99 Call of program 50 8 38 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 5 Other Cycles ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP G36 Application The TNC can address the machine tool spindle as a 5th axis and turn it to a certain angular position Oriented spindle stops are required for e Tool changing systems with a defined tool change position e Orientation of the transmitter receiver window of the TS 511 Touch Probe System from HEIDENHAIN Activation The angle of orientation defined in the cycle is positioned to with M19 If M19 is executed without a cycle definition the machine tool spindle will be oriented to the angle set in the machine parameter
88. e 5 Y 5Q F100 e Axis locked e in front of the axis 20 GO1 X 50 Y 95 e Number of current tool T g 41 G71 e Tool axis oe Xat 345270 Eh CTAR Z 160 088 C e Active miscellaneous function M e TNC is in operation indicated by 21 438 ROT e Machines with gear ranges 41 574 SCL Gear range following character depends on machine parameter Fig 1 28 Status display in a program run operating mode al Bar graphs can be used to indicate analog quantities such as spindle speed and feed rate in the status display These bar graphs must be activated by the machine tool builder 1 18 TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 5 Programs The TNC 360 can store up to 32 part programs at once The part programs can be written in HEIDENHAIN plain language dialog or according to ISO ISO programs are indicated with ISO Each program is identified by a number with up to eight characters Program directory Achar sea TE The program directory is called with the PGM NR oper directory with key To erase programs in the TNC memory press the CL PGM key Create a program Execute Fig 1 29 Program management functions The program directory provides the following information P e Program number e Program type HEIDENHAIN or ISO e Program size in bytes where one byte is the equivalent of one character Y 188 888 Fig 1 30 Program directory on the TNC screen TNC 360 119 1 Introduction 1 5 Progra
89. e 3D touch probe 2 3 Entering and testing part programs Enter part program or download over external data interface Test part program for errors Test run Run program block by block without tool If necessary Optimize part program Machining the workpiece Insert tool and run part program Sequence of Program Steps Milling an outside contour Programming step Key Function Refer to Section 1 Create or select program Input Program number Fa Unit of measure for programming 2 Define workpiece blank for graphic display G30 G31 3 Define tool s G99 Input Tool number Tool length Tool radius 4 Call tool data Input Tool number Spindle axis Spindle speed 5 Tool change Input Feed rate rapid traverse Radius compensation Coordinates of the tool change position Miscellaneous function tool change 6 Move to starting position Input Feed rate rapid traverse Coordinates of the starting position Radius compensation Miscellaneous function spindle on clockwise 7 Move tool to first working depth Input Feed rate rapid traverse Coordinate of the first working depth 8 Move to first contour point Input Linear interpolation Radius compensation for machining G41 G42 Coordinates of the first contour point X Y Machining feed rate F if desired with smooth approach program G26 after this block 9 Machining to last contour point Input Enter all necessary values for each contour eleme
90. e G37 CONTOUR GEOMETRY The starting position should be located as far as possible from the overlapping contours Fig 8 16 Examples of overlapping contours Example Overlapping pockets Machining begins with the first contour label defined in block 6 The first pocket must begin outside the second pocket Inside machining with a center cut end mill ISO 1641 tool radius 3 mm Coordinates of the circle centers Gy X 35 mm Y 2 X 65 mm Y Circle radii R 25mm Setup clearance Milling depth mm Pecking depth mm Feed rate for pecking mm min Finishing allowance Rough out angle Milling feed rate mm min Continued TNC 360 8 19 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Cycle in a part program S8201 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 3 N40 T1 G17 S2500 N56 G37 POT 1 P0227 N60 G57 P01 2 P02 15 PO3 8 P04 100 PO5 0 PO6 0 P0O7 500 N70 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N80 X 50 Y 50 MO3 N90 Z 2 M99 N100 Z 100 M02 N110 G98 L1 N140 G98 LO N150 G98 L2 N180 G98 LO N9999 5820 G71 Subprograms Overlapping pockets The pocket elements A and B overlap Begin program Define workpiece blank Tool definition Tool call Define in cycle CONTOUR GEOMETRY that the contour elements are described in subprograms 1 and 2 Cycle definition ROUGH OUT Retract the spindle insert the tool Pre positioning in the X Y plane spindle ON Pre po
91. e aster tartpacetnse crt eat scecbaerpenitodeneactanans Ei Ea DNT AEON OAA anaa Ea E A Ea 1 8 IIE TVS o E E A E EE E E E matted pissin A E E E 1 9 SNO Ne aN eeen a A eee eee 1 9 Absolute workpiece POSITIONS s ssnssnssnesierisreririe rit rrt rrt rrt rrer rt rreri rrerrrrerrrrrrrrrt 1 11 Incremental workpiece POSITIONS 0 eccceccc ccc c cece cece cece cece cece eeen cess cece seen eese seen eeseeeneees 1 11 Programming tool Movements wiains aisinariiieaes isnt wiis inst ae naiiai 1 13 FOO NS sc yeedecicanial cenit oiean AT Aana a KAA Ea E AEA 1 13 FRC TIS FSIS MAKS aeria pnei a a a addr npn a aain a iaaii 1 13 ECG OED riiui enaena anaa a a a i E RE EORR 1 14 Graphics and Status Display cccscccssseeeeeeeeseeesseeeeeeeeeeeesaneeeaees 1 15 PRUE E EE E eee EEE EE 1 15 Projection in three planes sicsansccainanarnmranindhernieeiantdied sapadenasaieteenben sua xanwanaaneiwdorchaevinben cas 1 16 ONIN acest E A A om ocd peace tials ib sts sees E E AA aposenametne 1 16 E I hg agrees e E EE EA 1 18 Progr aS a a A EE E AE A E 1 19 FI et I OEY sarsisinieraiin oniani ia aa i a aa aa iia i a edi 1 19 Selecting erasing and protecting programMS cceccccecceeeccseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeuneetaeeeeaeeenns 1 20 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 TNC 360 Moving the Machine Axes cccccccseceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesenesseeneesenesaneaes 2 2 Traversing with the machine axis direction DUTTONS 0
92. e distance from the starting point to the end point cannot be larger than the diameter of the circle e The maximum permissible radius is 30 m 9 8 ft Fig 5 27 Full circle with two G02 blocks Central angle CCA and arc radius R Starting point and end point can be con nected by four different arcs with the same radius The arcs differ in their curvatures and lengths Large circular arc CCA gt 180 the circular arc is longer than a semicircle Inout radius R with negative sign R lt 0 Small circular arc CCA lt 180 the circular arc is shorter than a semicircle Inout radius R with positive sign R gt 0 CCA gt 180 CCA lt 180 Fig 5 28 Circular arcs with central angles greater than and less than 180 TNC 360 b 21 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Direction of rotation and arc shape This direction of rotation determines whether the arc is e convex curved outward or G02 G41 R lt 0 Fig 5 29 Convex path e concave curved inward G03 G41 R gt 0 Fig 5 30 Concave path To program a circular arc with defined radius Program the circle with Cartesian coordinates and clockwise rotation Enter the coordinates of the arc end point for example X 10 mm Y 2Z2mm Enter the arc radius for example R 5 mm and determine the size of the arc using the algebraic sign here the negative sign If necessary enter also e Radius
93. ed rate programmed in the G25 block is effective only in that block After the G25 block the previous feed rate becomes effective again To program a tangential arc between two contour elements 2 5 Select corner rounding D ROUNDING RADIUS e g o O Enter the rounding radius for example R 10 mm D Enter the feed rate for the rounding radius for example F 100 mm min Resulting NC block G25 R 10 F 100 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Example for exercise Rounding a corner Coordinates of the corner point Rounding radius Milling depth Tool radius Part program W927 Gill Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define the workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T7 L 0 R 10 Define the tool N40 T7 G17 51500 Call the tool N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle and insert the tool Pre position in X Y N70 Z 15 MO3 Pre position to the working depth N80 G01 G42 X 0 Y 5 F100 Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour element N90 X 95 Program the first straight line for the corner N100 G25 R20 Insert radius R 20 mm between the two contour elements N110 Y 100 Program the second straight line for the corner N120 GOO G40 X 120 Y 120 Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation N130 Z 100 M02 Retract the tool in Z N9999 S527 G71 TNC 360 O27 5 Programming Tool Movements
94. eed rate gt Enter the feed rate F for example F 100 mm min Rapid traverse You can program rapid traverse directly with the GOO function Duration of feed rate F A feed rate that is entered as a numerical value remains in effect until the control executes a block in which another feed rate has been pro grammed If the new feed rate is GOO rapid traverse the feed rate will return to the last numerically entered feed rate as soon as the next block with G01 is executed Changing the feed rate F You can vary the feed rate by turning the knob for feed rate override on the operating panel see page 2 6 4 17 4 Programming 4 5 Entering Tool Related Data Spindle speed S The spindle speed S is entered in revolutions per minute rom Input range gt 010 99 999 fom To change the spindle speed S in the part program Enter the spindle speed S for example 1000 rom Resulting NC block T1 G17 S1000 To change the spindle speed S during program run You can vary the spindle speed S on machines with stepless ballscrew drives by turning the override knob on the operating panel 4 18 TNC 360 4 Programming 4 6 Entering Miscellaneous Functions and STOP The M functions M for miscellaneous affect e Program run e Machine functions e Tool behavior On the inside back cover of this manual you will find a list of M functions that are predetermined for the TNC The list indicates whether an M fun
95. een this block and G98 L1 block 15 gt repeated once Vo hero OZ Sequence of program execution Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Main program REPS is executed up to block 27 Program section between block 27 and block 20 is repeated twice Main program REPS is executed from block 28 to block 35 Program section between block 35 and block 15 is repeated once Repetition of step 2 within step Repetition of step 3 within step Main program REPS is executed from block 36 to block 50 End of program IS IS 6 6 4 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Nesting Repeating subprograms 6 12 Program layout e g e g e g Yo UPGREP G71 UO Te eIn MIARE OF EEN aE 2X 3 n Subprogram call Ds SS E a a E A E Program section repeat N19 GOO G40 Z 100 M2 e Last program block of main program with M2 W20 EZ srera ir Beginning of subprogram a stances nAn h EAA A End of subprogram NO9JI o UPOREF O71 sccctecctccenedensctieancions End of main program Sequence of program execution Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Main program UPGREP is executed to block 11 Subprogram 2 is called and executed Program section between block 12 and block 10 is repeated twice subprogram 2 is repeated twice Main program UPGREP is executed from block 13 to block 19 End of program TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters Q Parameters are used for e Programmin
96. ength R A chamfer is inserted between two intersecting straight lines Circle center at the same time a reference for polar coordinates dK Circular path with no direction of rotation defined The circular path is programmed by entering circle center and end point The direction of rotation is taken from the last programmed circular movement G02 G12 or G03 G13 Circular movement with tangential connection G A circular arc is connected tangentially with the previously pro grammed contour element The end point of the circular arc is entered in the part program Corner rounding with radius R G25 A circular arc is inserted to connect tangentially both with the pre ceding and the subsequent contour elements G24 2 TNC 360 0 9 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Straight line at rapid traverse G00 Straight line with feed rate G01 F To program a straight line you enter e The coordinates of the end point e f necessary Radius compensation feed rate miscellaneous function The tool moves in a straight line from its starting position to the end point The starting position G was reached in the previous block Fig 5 14 A linear movement To program a straight line o O Straight line at rapid traverse D If necessary cgon Identify coordinates as relative values for example G91 X 50 mm e g Press the orange axis selection key for exa
97. erlap e AandB must be islands e The first island must start outside the second island N180 G98L2 N190 G01 G42 X 10 Y 50 N200 35 Y 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 N210 G98 LO N2ZZ0 G96 Lo N230 G01 G42 X 90 Y 50 N240 1465 J 50 G03 X 90 Y 50 N250 G98 LO N9999 S822 1G71 Fig 8 23 Overlapping islands area of inclusion at The supplements and subprograms are entered in the main program on page 8 22 8 22 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles TNC 360 Area of exclusion All of surface A is to be left unmachined except the portion overlapped by B e A must be an island and B a pocket e B must start inside A N180 N190 N200 N210 N220 N230 N240 N250 G98 L2 G01 G42 X 10 Y 50 I 35 J 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 G98 LO G98 L3 G01 G41 X 40 Y 50 I1 65 J 50 G03 X 40 Y 50 G98 LO N9999 5822 G71 Area of intersection Only the area of intersection of A and B is to be left unmachined e Aand B must be islands e A must start inside B N180 N190 N200 N210 N220 N230 N240 N250 N9999 G98 L2 G01 G42 X 60 Y 50 I1 35 J 50 G03 X 60 Y 50 G98 LO G98 L3 G01 G42 X 90 Y 50 Il 65 J 50 G03 X 90 Y 50 G98 LO Ye 58221 G7 1 Fig 8 24 Fig 8 25 Sw Overlapping islands area of exclusion Overlapping islands area of intersection 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Example Overlapping pockets and islands PGM 824 is an expansion of PGM S820l1 for the inside
98. es ccccsseeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeees 5 10 Straight line at rapid traverse GOO oo cece ccc cecccccceeceue cee ecseeseueeeueseueseuecuaeseueseueetaess 5 10 Stale line Wi Teed FATS GOT Fo scitcceiausceaspndeciien vattausiteniadadainanaitiedaaiddeanciiddndinesnedtigtd ats 5 10 FAI She e coupe areas taal ale r SE tome aieoke naeiadioey 5 13 Circles and circular arcs General information ccc ececccecceeeecceeeeeeeeceueeeeaeeeueeeaneeens 5 15 CARCIE CSS Iad Korsas n a i T apiece E iae e ra aN 5 16 Circular path G02 G03 G05 around the circle center J Kocscserccccccceecrecreereere 5 18 Circular path G02 G03 G05 with defined radius cceieieerierierrerrerrerresrerrerresn 5 21 Circular path GOG with tangential CONNECTION vi cscdsisccicsesncscstedssesdennstecsticisdcedserssdestenrss 5 24 Comer Tounding GZD sisiniserrsariaie seinnaa E EEE EAE A ES TE EEA KENEEN 5 26 Path Contours Polar Coordinates c cccscccseesseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 5 28 Polar coordinate origin Fole l JK eesresrarsa ionidan aa 5 28 Straight line at rapid traverse G10 oo cece ccecccceccceeeeeeeeee esses eseeeeseaeeeeeeeesaeeeaeeeaneeeas 5 28 Straight line Wi TSC Fate Fag siropi wawindemcivavatiansiteniadataiansidiidangdsantiicdndneanedtieadatads 5 28 Circular path G12 G13 G15 around pole lal Kossscdesdccsanceralodeinastndaceimseuadeaiasearcasainaeiens 5 30 Circular path G16 with tangential CONNECTION cccceecccecceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeueeetaeeeaneee
99. es of conversational programming Each new function is thoroughly described when it Is first introduced and the numerous examples can be tried out directly on the TNC The TNC beginner should work through this manual from beginning to end to ensure that he is capable of fully exploiting the features of this powerful tool For the TNC expert this manual serves as a comprehensive reference work The table of contents and cross references enable him to quickly find the topics and information he needs Easy to read dialog flowcharts show him how to enter the required data for each function The dialog flow charts consist of sequentially arranged instruction boxes Each key is illustrated next to an explanation of its function to aid the beginner when he is performing the operation for the first time The experienced user can use the key sequences illustrated in the left part of the flowchart as a quick overview The TNC dialogs in the instruction boxes are always presented on a gray background Layout of the dialog flowcharts Dialog Initiation keys 8 3 DIALOG PROMPT ON TNC SCREEN 8 E The functions of the keys are explained here e g Answer the prompt with these keys NEXT DIALOG QUESTION Function of the key Press this key A dashed line means that either the key above or below it can be Function of an alternative key pressed Or press this key The trail of dots indicates that e the dialog is not fully shown
100. ew of the address letters used for ISO program ming is provided in Chapter 11 The machine operating buttons such as Hor NC start are described in the manual for your machine tool In this manual they are shown in gray The Screen Brightness control BE 212 only Header The header of the screen shows the selected operating mode Dialog questions and TNC messages also appear there TNC 360 1 3 1 Introduction 1 1 The TNC 360 Screen Layout MANUAL and EL HANDWHEEL operating modes A machine operating mode has been selected MANUAL OPERATION e Coordinates e Selected axis e means control is in operation e Status display e g feed rate F miscellaneous function M A program run operating mode has been selected PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE N85 G28 X ea N90 GO4 F300 N166 X 26 Yt5o program 7 10 GB 1 X 50 Y 95 5 0 GH1 G41 X 5 Y 50 F1I1000 5 99 1 Gri 11 12 13 99 Xsnt Status display The screen layout is the same in the operating modes PROGRAM RUN PROGRAMMING AND EDITING and TEST RUN The current block is shown between two horizontal lines 1 4 TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 1 The TNC 360 TNC Accessories 3D Touch Probe Systems The TNC features the following functions for the HEIDENHAIN 3D touch probe systems e Automatic workpiece alignment compensation of workpiece misalignment e Datum setting e Measurements of the workpiece can be per formed du
101. f setting the datum is by using a 3D touch probe system from HEIDENHAIN see page 2 14 To prepare the TNC Clamp and align the workpiece Insert the zero tool with known radius into the spindle Oo Select the MANUAL OPERATION mode D Ensure that the TNC is showing actual position values see p 10 4 Setting the datum in the tool axis at Protective arrangement If the workpiece surface must not be scratched you can lay a metal shim of known thickness d on it Then enter a tool axis datum value that is larger than the desired datum by the value d Fig 2 0 Datum setting in the tool axis right with protective shim Move the tool until it touches workpiece surface gt For a preset tool Set the display to the length L of the tool for example Z 50 mm or enter the sum Z L d TNC 360 2 7 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 3 Setting the Datum without a 3D Touch Probe Setting the datum in the working plane Fig 2 6 Setting the datum in the working plane plan view upper right Move the zero tool until it touches the side of the workpiece e g Select the axis yr iss Enter the position of the tool center here X 5 mm in the selected axis So Be careful to enter the correct algebraic sign Repeat the process for all axes in the working plane 2 8 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 3D Touch Probe System 3D Touch probe applications The TNC provides touch functio
102. g families of parts e Defining contours through mathematical functions A family of parts can be programmed in the TNC in a single part pro gram You do this by entering variables called Q parameters instead of numerical values Q parameters can represent for example Coordinate values Feed rates Spindle speeds Cycle data A Q parameter is designated by the letter Q and a number between 0 and 123 Fig 7 1 Q parameters as variables Q parameters also enable you to program contours that are defined through mathematical functions With Q parameters you can make the execution of machining steps dependent on logical conditions Q parameters and numerical values can also be mixed within a pro gram at The TNC automatically assigns data to some Q parameters For example parameter Q108 is assigned the current tool radius You will find a list of these parameters in Chapter 11 7 2 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 1 Part Families Q Parameters Instead of Numerical Values The Q parameter function DO ASSIGN is used for assigning numerical values to Q parameters Example N10 DOO Q10 P014 25 This enables you to enter variable Q parameters in the program instead of numerical values Example GOO G40 G90 X Q10 corresponds to X 25 For part families the characteristic workpiece dimensions can be pro grammed as O parameters Each of these parameters is then assigned a different value when the p
103. gr aeriana EA eia ET aiaa EEE Aaa i Eai ery 3 3 Interrupting mMaCNININO seein a endsacseeaoccotanciedern bd nnevctt inten iTA E NSA AA N TARET 3 4 Resuming program run after an INTErrUPTtION ssistsiercieiass raisini inrinaiiitesdaaini 3 5 3 3 Blockwise Transfer Executing Long Programs cccssceseeeeeeees 3 6 SUMDINGOVET DIOCKS scacinpnnvsinvitsunscanaansanadeiivaharsbnsiigmebaite aA EAA Eanan aAA aaa 3 7 TNG 360 4 Programming 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 TNG 360 Editing Part Programs ccccccceeccseceseeeeceeeeseseeeeaneceesenesanseeesaneseesaes 4 2 Layou t oi a progran sexsin ninne a Ea ra EE a EnEn a TENEN 4 2 EGINO TUNC UONG cn cectendnieampecante aa deaa a a a a aa aaa asies 4 3 TODIS rarere ei E EEA EEA 4 5 Determining tool data veescrnteec isp 2aexaetr wn tecasile eta eostbeiadeactoniynn bates iiaeaa Aaaa a 4 5 Eaternng tool Ce te MUO the OCI aI MA pon aicinirvnassnis ainen aE anniv icine iiaiai 4 7 Entering tool data im progran Osis nesiupianannieasnsteniiannssiiiaaciiadsatvochnndandedamichicoan a ia iaia 4 8 aI HOO EE i ENE E E E mee E E E E E E 4 9 HOS VAC niaar AE E EE EEA ASE E EA AEAEE AEE AA AE A 4 9 Tool Compensation Values ccccccesececeeeceeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeneeeseeseeeeaeees 4 11 Effect of tool compensation VAIUES 10 0 0 cece eecccecceeeceeeeceeseceeueeeseeeteneesseseeeeeeeneetaneenanes 4 11 TOO radius compensato x sasissnsactincestastscdsapevininislnn tines a a iaa a a ai
104. h Q Parameters 7 4 If Then Operations with Q Parameters If Then conditional operations enable the TNC to compare a Q parameter with another O parameter or with a numerical value Jumps The jump target is specified in the block through a label number If the programmed condition is true the TNC continues the program at the specified label if it is false the next block is executed To jump to another program you enter a program call after the block with the target label see page 6 8 Overview 7 8 D09 IF EQUAL JUMP e g N10 D09 P01 001 P02 003 P03 5 If the two values or parameters are equal jump to the specified label here label 5 D10 IF NOT EQUAL JUMP e g N10 D10 P01 10 P02 Q05 PO3 10 If the two values or parameters are not equal jump to the specified label here label 19 D11 IF GREATER THAN JUMP e g N10 D11 PO1 Q01 P02 10 POS 5 If the first value or parameter is greater than the second value or parameter jump to the specified label here label 5 D12 IF LESS THAN JUMP e g N10 D12 P01 005 P02 0 P03 1 If the first value or parameter is less than the second value or parameter jump to the specified label here label 1 TNC 360 7 Programming with O Parameters 7 4 t Then Operations with Q Parameters Unconditional jumps Unconditional jumps are jumps which are always executed because the condition is always true Example N20 D09 PO1 10 PO2 10 PO3 1 Pr
105. her tool 4 5 4 Programming 4 2 Tools Determining tool length with a zero tool For the sign of the tool length L L gt L A positive value means the tool is longer than the zero tool L lt L A negative value means the tool is shorter than the zero tool Fig 4 2 Tool lengths can be given as the difference from the zero tool Write the value down and enter it later Enter the display value by using the actual position capture function see page 4 20 4 6 TNC 360 4 Programming 4 2 Tools Entering tool data into the program The following data can be entered for each tool in the part program e Tool number e Tool length compensation value L e Tool radius R To enter tool data in the program block cga gt TOOL NUMBER T a E Designate the tool with a number for example 5 TOOL LENGTH L BO Enter the compensation value for the tool length for example L 10mm TOOL RADIUS R Enter the tool radius for example R 5mm Resulting NC block G99 T5 L 10 R 5 w You can enter the tool length L directly in the tool definition by using the actual position capture function see page 4 20 TNC 360 4 7 4 42 Tools Programming Entering tool data in program 0 4 8 tt The data for all tools can be entered in a common tool table The number of tools in the table is selected through the machine parameter MP 7260 If your machine uses an automatic tool changer the tool data mu
106. hout radius compensation The starting position must be e approachable without collision e near the first contour point e located to prevent contour damage during workpiece approach If you choose a Starting position within the hatch marked area of Fig 5 3 the tool will damage the contour as it approaches the first contour point The best starting position lies on the extension of the tool path for machining the first contour element Fig 5 3 Starting position for contour approach First contour point iui Workpiece machining starts at the first contour point The tool moves on a radius compensated path to this point Fig 5 4 First contour point A for machin ing Approaching the starting point in the spindle axis The spindle moves to its working depth as it approaches the starting position If there is any danger of collision move the spindle axis separately to the starting position Example G00 G40 X Y Positioning in X Y Z 10 Positioning in Z Fig 5 5 Move the spindle axis separately if there is any danger of collision 5 4 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 2 Contour Approach and Departure End position The end position like the starting position must be e approachable without collision e near the last contour point e located to prevent contour damage during workpiece departure The best end position lies on the extension of the tool path The end position can be loc
107. ide lengths of the slot 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles Example Slot milling A horizontal slot 50 mm x 10 mm and a vertical slot 80 mm x 10 mm are to be milled The starting position takes into account the tool radius in the longitudinal direction of the slot Starting position slot 70 mm Y 15 mm Starting position slot 20 mm Y 14 mm SLOT DEPTHS 15mm Setup clearances 2 mm Milling depths 15 mm Pecking depths mm Feed rate for pecking mm min Slot length 1st milling direction Slot widths 10 mm Feed rate 120 mm min SLOT MILLING cycle in a part program S810I G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 S2000 Tool call N50 G74 P01 2 P02 15 P03 5 P04 80 P05 X 50 PO6 Y 10 PO7 120 Define slot parallel to X axis N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle insert the tool N70 X 76 Y 15 MO3 Move to starting position spindle ON N80 Z 2 M99 Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call N90 G74 P01 2 P02 15 P03 5 P04 80 PO5 Y 80 POG X 10 PO7 120 Define slot parallel to Y axis N100 X 20 Y 14 M99 Move to starting position cycle call N110 Z 100 M02 Retract tool and end program N9999 S810I G71 8 10 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles POCKET MILLING G75 G76 TNC 360 Process The rectangular pocket milling cycle is a roughing cycle in which
108. illed steps M70 CITO sisina E E Call subprogram for calculating the points of the ellipse N280 GOO G40 X 021 Y 022 M03 ns Move to start point in the plane ZO ZZ M anrea Oaia Rapid traverse in Z to setup clearance N300 GOT FeO FOTU rsa caiicacnnanatinieneetaatencenetehaasonsnatnt Plunge to milling depth at plunging feed rate N310 G98 L1 N320 DOT O36 P01 036 P02 035 anc Update the angle N330 D01 O37 P01 037 PO2 1 oe Update the counter NSA LTL O sengner annn i Call subprogram for calculating the points of the ellipse N3350 GOT X OZ2T Y 022 FOTIT Y iriisrsinir iainta Move to next point N360 D12 P01 037 P02 07 P03 1 laac Not finished N3S70 G73 G90 HHO soiwetsentdannnctoantadincasutnicemecnsdeaaueins Reset rotation N3SO GBA AHU YEOT ainicin ina aii aaisan Reset datum shift N390 G00 G40 ZFOT2 onicas dianian Move in Z to setup clearance AG GOO COS ic seis cece iaer p iaie SE a EEO End of subprogram for milling the ellipse N410 G98 L11 N420 DO7 Q21 P01 036 N430 DOS 021 P01 021 P0O2 03 F erccccccctesicsnnccidcns Calculate X coordinate N440 DO6 Q22 P01 036 N4500 DOS O22 P0O1 022 POF FUA T rrisni Calculate Y coordinate N460 G98 LO N9999 376015 G71 7 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 8 Examples for Exercise Machining a hemisphere with an end mill TNC 360 Notes on the program The tool moves upwards in the ZX plane You can enter an oversize in block N120 Q12 if you want to machine
109. imulation Address Letters for ISO Programming 5oogodgnge D TOUCH PROBE Block number G function Feed rate Dwell time with G04 Scaling factor Miscellaneous function M function Spindle speed in rom Parameter definition Polar angle Rotation angle in cycle G73 J IIK x Y Z coordinate of circle center pole Assign a label number with G98 Jump to a label number Tool length with G99 Polar radius Rounding radius with G25 G26 G27 Chamfer with G24 Circle radius with G02 G03 G05 Tool radius with G99 Tool definition with G99 Tool call Set a datum with the 3D touch probe system Entering Numbers and Coordinate Axes Editing Select or enter coordinate axes in a program 0 m 9 Numbers B BB mz a Z DEL oa peal Decimal point Algebraic sign Actual position capture Ignore dialog queries delete words Confirm entry and resume dialog Conclude block Clear numerical entry or TNC message Abort dialog delete program sections TNC Guideline From workpiece drawing to orogram controlled machining TNC Refer to operating mode Section Preparation 1 Select tools 2 Set workpiece datum for coordinate system 3 Determine spindle speeds and feed rates 11 4 4 Switch on machine 1 3 5 Traverse reference marks E or A Tor 2l 6 Clamp workpiece 7 Set the datum Reset position display 7a with the 3D touch probe 25 7b without th
110. in the tool axis by the compensation value for the tool length In the working plane it compensates the tool radius Fig 4 4 The TNC must compensate the length and radius of the tool Effect of tool compensation values Tool length Length compensation becomes effective automatically as soon as a tool is called and the tool axis moves To cancel length compensation call a tool with the length L 0 Tool radius Radius compensation becomes effective as soon as a tool is called and is moved in the working plane with G41 or G42 To cancel radius compensation program a positioning block with G40 Tool radius compensation Tool traverse can be programmed e Without radius compensation G40 e With radius compensation G41or G42 e As single axis movements with G43 or G44 rig 4 5 Programmed contour and the path of the tool center TNC 360 4 11 4 Programming 4 3 Tool Compensation Values tt tt 4 12 Traverse without radius compensation G40 The tool center moves to the programmed coordinates Applications e Drilling and boring e Pre positioning Fig 4 6 These drilling positions are entered without radius compen sation Traverse with radius compensation G41 G42 The tool center moves to the left G41 or to the right G42 of the pro grammed contour at a distance equal to the tool radius Right or left is meant as seen in the direction of tool movement as if the workpiece
111. in program N10 G30 G17 X 1 Y 1 Z 20 Workpiece blank MIN point N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 Workpiece blank MAX point N30 G99 T6 L 0 R 15 Tool definition N40 T6 G17 S1500 Tool call N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract spindle and insert tool N60 X 50 Y 40 Pre position in X Y N70 Z 5 M03 Pre position to the working depth N80 1 50 J 50 Coordinates of the circle center N90 G01 G41 X 50 Y 0 F100 Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point N100 G26 R10 Smooth tangential approach N110 G02 X 50 Y 0 Mill circular arc around circle center J negative direction of rotation end point coordinates X 50 und Y 0 N1120 G27 RIO Smooth tangential departure N130 GOO G40 X 50 Y 40 Retract the tool in X Y cancel radius compensation N140 Z 100 M02 Retract the tool in Z N9999 S520I G71 5 20 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Circular path G02 G03 G05 with defined radius The tool moves on a circular path with the radius R Defining the direction of rotation Clockwise rotation G02 Counterclockwise rotation G03 No direction of rotation defined G05 The tool moves in the direction of rotation defined in an earlier block Input e Coordinates of the arc end point e Arc radius R Fig 5 26 Circular path from to with radius R at e To program a full circle you must enter two successive GO2 G03 blocks e Th
112. is direction button then press the machine Sg START button The axis continues to move after you release the keys together To stop the axis press the machine STOP button You can only move one axis at a time with this method TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 1 Moving the Machine Axes Traversing with the electronic handwheel ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL INTERPOLATION FACTOR Enter the desired interpolation factor see table below Select the axis that you wish to move for portable handwheels at the handwheel for integral handwheels at the TNC keyboard Now move the selected axis with the electronic handwheel If you are using the portable handwheel first press the enabling switch on its back Interpolation Traverse in mm per factor revolution ef Pig 2s ls Interpolation factors and paths of traverse Fig 2 2 HR 330 Electronic Handwheel at The smallest programmable interpolation factor depends on the individual machine tool Positioning with the electronic handwheel can also be carried out in the operating mode PROGRAMMING AND EDITING depending on MP7641 Working with the HR 330 Electronic Handwheel Attach the electronic handwheel to a steel surface with the mounting magnets such that it cannot be operated unintentionally Be sure not to press the axis direction buttons unintentionally when you remove the handwheel from its position as long as the enabling switch between the magnets
113. lowing TNC functions can be used during a program run Interrupt program run Start program run from a certain block Blockwise transfer of very long programs from external storage Checking changing Q parameters Graphic simulation of a program run To run a part program e Clamp the workpiece to the machine table e Set the datum e Select the program PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK or PROGRAM RUN FULL SEQUENCE Select the part program GOTO Go to the first block of the program O Run the part program Only in mode Run each block of the part program separately PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK 3 repeatedly al The feed rate and spindle speed can be changed with the override knobs TNC 360 3 3 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 2 Program Run Interrupting machining There are various ways to interrupt a program run e Programmed interruptions e External STOP key e Switching to PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK e EMERGENCY STOP button If the TNC registers an error during program run it automatically interrupts machining Programmed interruptions Interruptions can be programmed directly in the part program The part program is interrupted at a block containing one of the following entries e G38 e Miscellaneous functions MO M02 or M30 e Miscellaneous function MOG if the machine tool builder has assigned a stop function To interrupt or abort machining immediately The block which the TNC is currently exe
114. lta nsipssaab atone bes 4 11 Machining Corners ieeoirenan eiaeia aaan a EAR a a AA EA E a Aan a E 4 13 Program Creation cccccccccseecseeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeneesaneeeaseseaseseesenas 4 14 Tocreate anew part pDrograln cciswisiniverinanesnsnn sudan itnesinadanaeerkennvanes vation aiana ia Ni 4 14 Detining the Blank TON sme srcioiiinins da erreina En aE ei renardi a i 4 14 Entering Tool Related Data ccccccscceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeeeaeeaeeeaees 4 17 e E EIE NAASE E NAA AEA AA 4 17 Soo SS e a a E E E A A E ee E A 4 18 Entering Miscellaneous Functions and STOP sccsssesseeeeeeees 4 19 Actual Position Capture ccccccceseecsseeccseeeeeeeseeeaseeeaeeeseneneeneeeens 4 20 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 TNG 360 General Information on Programming Tool Movements 5 2 Contour Approach and Departure ccs csssessseseesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaes 5 4 Saring and end PO Ss OMI S essri Sa A a oaar ERa aE 5 4 Smooth approach and departure ccc ccccc cece ecce cece incra riaa ia ENAKE NNN Er EnA Ei nai 5 6 Pan FUNCIONS recne E 5 7 General iMi orma NON sensein a a i ARa 5 7 Machine axis movement under program Control s sssssisssisrsrrerisrrerrsrrerrerrsrrerrerrerrn 5 7 Overview of path FUNCTIONS icsisrieissrrsaterorisiserrrareinansia kinins Pianina tenista aeara iaa A ieni 5 9 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinat
115. m run Spindle stop Coolant off Clear the status display de pending on machine parameter Return to block 1 Spindle on counterclockwise Spindle stop Tool change Stop program run depending on machine parameter Spindle stop Coolant on Coolant oft Spindle on clockwise Coolant on Spindle on counterclockwise Coolant on M30 Same function as M02 M89 Vacant miscellaneous function or Cycle call modally effective depending on machine parameter Smoothing corners Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the machine datum Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to a position defined by the machine tool builder such as a tool change position Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the current tool position Effective in blocks with RO R R Limit display of rotary axis to value under 360 Reserved Reserved M97 Machine small contour steps M98 Completely machine open contours M99 Blockwise cycle call
116. mple X e g E o0 Enter the coordinate of the end point npoassany If the coordinate is negative press the key once for example X 50 mm Enter all further coordinates of the end point 5 10 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates The tool must move to the left of the programmed contour to com pensate Its own radius The tool must move to the right of the programmed contour to compensate Its own radius The tool moves directly to the end point Enter a miscellaneous function for example M3 spindle on clock wise rotation Conclude the block with END as soon as all coordinates are entered Resulting NC block N25 GOO G42 G91 X 50 G90 Y 10 Z 20 M3 TNC 360 O 1 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Example for exercise Milling a rectangle Coordinates of the corner points A omm As 5mm 8 X 95 mm D A DSmm Milling depth Z 10mm Part program Toso 1 2i G71 S N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 5 N40 T1 G17 S2500 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N60 X 10 Y 10 N70 Z 10 M03 N80 G01 G41 X 5 Y 5 F150 N90 Y 95 N100 X 95 N130 GOO G40 X 10 Y 10 M05 N140 Z 100 M02 N9999 o5512 G71 Begin program program name 5121 dimensions in millimeters Define blank form for graphic workpiece simulation MIN and MAX point Define tool in the p
117. ms Selecting erasing and protecting programs Call the program management To select a program Enter the desired program number for example 15 To erase a program Press CL PGM to call the program management Use the arrow keys to highlight the program or EA Erase the program or abort To protect a program PROGRAM NUMBER Enter the number of the program to be protected for example program number 5 Use the arrow key to highlight the first block 5 O E Enter the function for program protection conclude the block Resulting NC block 5 G71 G50 Removing edit protection To remove edit protection re select the program and enter the code number 86357 with the corresponding MOD function see page 10 3 1 20 TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 5 Programs To remove edit protection Select the protected program for example program number 5 0 BEGIN 5 MM P Select MOD functions VACANT BYTES Activate the CODE NUMBER function a D CODE NUMBER 8 6 a 5 Enter the code number 86357 Edit protection is removed the P disappears TNC 360 1 21 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 1 Moving the Machine Axes Traversing with the machine axis direction buttons 2 2 Press the machine axis direction button and hold it for as long as you wish the axis to move You can move several axes at once In this way For continuing movement MANUAL OPERATION Press and hold the machine ax
118. nction End of program Beginning of program Data input Data output Beginning of command block End of command block Positive acknowledgment Negative acknowledgment End of data transfer 11 2 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters Integrating the TNC interfaces to external devices Data format and transmission stop Inout value number between 0 and 255 The entry value is the sum of the individual values MP5020 Function Selections e Number of data bits 7 data bits ASCII code 8th bit parity 8 data bits ASCII code 9th bit parity Block Check Character BCC BCC can be any character BCC control character not allowed Transmission stop with RTS Inactive Transmission stop with DC3 Character parity Character parity Not desired Desired Number of stop bits 1 stop bits stop bits 1 1 stop bit Example To adapt the TNC interface to an external non HEIDENHAIN device use the following setting 8 data bits BCC any character transmission stop with DC3 even charac ter parity character parity desired 2 stop bits Input value 1 0 8 0 32 64 105 so enter 105 for MP 5020 Interface type MP5030 Function Selections e Interface type Standard Interface for blockwise transfer TNC 360 MIS 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters Parameters for 3D touch probes Signal transmission type MP6010 Function e Cable
119. neous Functions M Functions Miscellaneous functions with predetermined effect TNC 360 Effective at pm bod i o svorne O l e Stop program run Spindle stop Coolant off Clear the status display a depending on machine parameter Return to block 1 M03 Spindle on clockwise swasono Oo Tool change Stop program run depending on machine parameter Spindle stop Mos Coolant on 9 Vacant miscellaneous function or Cycle call modally effective depending on machine parameter Smoothing corners M8 M90 oeoo Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the machine datum 97 O ai Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to a position defined by the machine tool builder such as a tool change position Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the current tool position Effective in blocks with RO R R M4 Reduce display of rotary axis to a value under 360 Lisl 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 2 Miscellaneous Functions M Functions Vacant miscellaneous functions Vacant M functions are defined by the machine tool builder They are described in the operating manual of your machine tool Effect of vacant miscellaneous functions Effective at start of end of block block 11 12 Effective at start of block end of block TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 3 Preassigned Q Parameters TNC 360
120. nking error message is displayed Press the END key for a few seconds to correct this error warm Start KEY NON FUNCTIONAL This message always appears when you press a key that is not needed for the current dialog LABEL NUMBER NOT ALLOCATED You can only call labels numbers that have been assigned PATH OFFSET WRONGLY ENDED Do not cancel tool radius compensation in a block with a circular path PATH OFFSET WRONGLY STARTED e Use the same radius compensation before and after a G24 and G25 block e Do not begin tool radius compensation in a block with a circular path PGM SECTION CANNOT BE SHOWN e Enter a smaller tool radius e Movements in a rotary axis cannot be graphically simulated e Enter a tool axis for simulation that is the same as the axis in block G30 PLANE WRONGLY DEFINED e Do not change the tool axis while a basic rotation is active e Define the main axes for circular arcs correctly e Define both main axes for I J K PROBE SYSTEM NOT READY e Orient transmitting receiving window of TS 511 to face receiving unit e Check whether the touch probe is ready for operation PROGRAM START UNDEFINED e Program the first traverse block with GOO G90 G40 tool must be called previously e Do not resume an interrupted program at a block with a tangential arc or pole transfer 11 23 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 6 TNC Error Messages 11 24 RADIUS COMPENSATION UNDEFINED Enter radius compensa
121. nnot correct the error Write down the error message and contact your repair service agency 3 5 3 Test Run and Program Run 3 3 Blockwise Transfer Executing Long Programs Part programs that occupy more memory than the TNC provides can be drip fed block by block from an external storage device During program run the TNC transfers program blocks from a floppy disk unit or PC through its data interface and erases them after execution To prepare for blockwise transfer e Prepare the data interface e Configure the data interface with the MOD function see page 10 3 e f you wish to transfer a part program from a PC adapt the TNC and PC to each other see pages 9 4 and 11 2 e Ensure that the transferred program meets the following requirements The highest block number must not exceed 65534 However the block numbers can repeat themselves as often as necessary All programs called from the transferred program must be present in the TNC memory The transterred program must not contain Subprograms Program section repetitions The function D 15 PRINT The TNC can store up to 20 G99 blocks PROGRAM RUN SINGLE BLOCK or TEST RUN Select the function for blockwise transfer PROGRAM NUMBER 1 0 Enter the program number and start data transfer Execute the transferred program blocks uit If the data transfer is interrupted press the machine START button again 26 TNC 360 3 Test Run and Program
122. ns are allowed in the subprograms for the subcontours e F and M words are ignored in the subprograms for the subcontours The following examples will at first use only the ROUGH OUT cycle Later as the examples become more complex the full range of possibili ties of this group of cycles will be illustrated Programming parallel axes Machining operations can also be programmed in parallel axes as SL cycles The parallel axes must lie in the working plane In this case graphic simulation is not available Input Parallel axes must be programmed in the first coordinate block position ing block I J K block of the first subprogram that is called with cycle G37 CONTOUR GEOMETRY All other coordinates are then ignored TNC 360 8 15 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles CONTOUR GEOMETRY G37 Application Cycle G37 CONTOUR GEOMETRY contains the list of subcontours that make up the complete contour gt lo w o gt Input data Enter the LABEL numbers of the subprograms A maximum of 12 subprograms can be listed Effect Cycle G37 becomes effective as soon as It is defined Fig 8 13 Example of an SL contour A B pockets C D islands Example G99 T3 L 0 R 3 5 BRS Ra 2 O arerre erga cree reer EE meee mee Working plane perpendicular to Z axis 637 POT 1 P022 P0O3 3 7 GGO G40 Z 100 M2 Ore I ceosntaisn cease E E bide nian AEE EEE First contour label of the CONTOUR GEOMETRY cycle G37 GOT G42 PO YETO esas cneaiesws
123. ns for application of a HEIDENHAIN 3D touch probe Typical applications for the touch probe system are e Compensating workpiece misalignment basic rotation e Datum setting e Measuring Lengths and positions on the workpiece Angles Circle radii Circle centers e Measurements under program control e Digitizing 3D surfaces optional only available with HEIDENHAIN plain language dialog programming Fig 2 7 HEIDENHAIN TS 120 three dimensional touch probe system al The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for the use of a 3D touch probe After you press the machine START button the touch probe begins executing the selected probe function The machine tool builder sets the feed rate F at which the probe approaches the workpiece When the 3D touch probe contacts the workpiece it e transmits a signal to the TNC which stores the coordinates of the probed position e stops moving e returns to Its starting position in rapid traverse Fig 2 8 Selecting the touch probe menu a gt MANUAL OPERATION Feed rates during probing or ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL TOUCH Select the menu of touch probe functions CALIBRATION EFFECTIVE LENGTH CALIBRATION EFFECTIVE RADIUS BASIC ROTATION SURFACE DATUM CORNER DATUM CIRCLE CENTER DATUM TNC 360 29 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 3D Touch Probe System Calibrating the 3D Touch Probe The touch probe sy
124. nt if desired with smooth departure program G27 after the last radius compensated block 10 Move to end position Input Feed rate rapid traverse Cancel radius compensation Coordinates of the end position Miscellaneous function spindle stop 11 Retract tool in spindle axis Input Feed rate rapid traverse Coordinate above the workpiece Miscellaneous function end of program 12 End of program How to use this manual TNC 360 This manual describes functions and features available on the TNC 360 from NC software number 259 900 08 This manual describes all available TNC functions However since the machine builder has modified with machine parameters the available range of TNC functions to interface the control to his specific machine this manual may describe some functions which are not available on your TNC TNC functions which are not available on every machine are for example e Probing functions for the 3D touch probe system e Rigid tapping If in doubt please contact the machine tool builder TNC programming courses are offered by many machine tool builders as well as by HEIDENHAIN We recommend these courses as an effective way of improving your programming skill and sharing information and ideas with other TNC users The TNC beginner can use the manual as a workbook The first part of the manual deals with the basics of NC technology and describes the TNC functions It then introduces the techniqu
125. ockwise rotation G02 e Counterclockwise rotation G03 e No direction of rotation defined G05 The tool moves in the direction of rotation defined in an earlier block Input Fig 5 23 A circular arc from to around I J e Arc end point at The starting and end points of the arc must lie on the circle Input tolerance up to 0 016 mm e To program a full circle enter the same position for the end point as for the starting point in a GO2 G03 block OO X Fig 5 24 Full circle around J with a Fig 5 25 Coordinates of a circular arc G02 block 5 18 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates To program a circular arc around a circle center J with G02 direction of rotation clockwise Program the circle with Cartesian coordinates and clockwise rotation Enter the first coordinate of the end point as an incremental value for example X 5mm Enter the second coordinate of the end point as an absolute value for example Y 5 mm Terminate the block If necessary enter also e Radius compensation e Feed rate e Miscellaneous function Resulting NC block G02 G91 X 5 G90 Y 5 TNC 360 5 19 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Example for exercise Milling a full circle in one block Circle center Beginning and end of the circular arc Milling depth Tool radius Part program S520I G71 Beg
126. ogram example When Q5 becomes negative a jump to program 100 will occur N50 DOO Q05 PO1 10 Assign value for example 10 to parameter O5 N90 D02 O05 P01 05 P02 12 Reduce the value of Q5 N100 D12 P01 Q5 P02 0 P03 5 If 05 Is less than O jump to label 5 N150 G98 L5 N160 100 TNC 360 79 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 5 Checking and Changing Q Parameters Q parameters can be checked during program run or during a test run and changed if necessary Preparation e A running program must be aborted e g press machine STOP button and STOP key e f you are doing a test run you must Interrupt it To call a Q parameter Q10 100 The TNC displays the current value in this example Q10 100 Leave the O parameter unchanged 7 10 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 6 Output of Q Parameters and Messages Displaying error messages With the function D14 ERROR NUMBER you can call messages that were pre programmed by the machine tool builder If the TNC encounters a block with D14 during a program run or test run It interrupts the run and displays an error message The program must then be restarted Input example N50 D14 P01 254 The TNC will display the text of error number 254 Error number to be entered Prepared dialog text 0 to 299 ERROR 0 to ERROR 299 300 to 399 PLC ERROR 01 to PLC ERROR 99 400 to 483 DIALOG 1 to 83 484 to 499 USER PARAMETER 15 to 0
127. on Required tool This cycle requires a center cut end mill ISO 1641 or a separate pilot drilling operation at the pocket center Direction of rotation for roughing out Clockwise direction of rotation G77 Counterclockwise direction of rotation G78 Input data TNC 360 SETUP CLEARANCE MILLING DEPTH DEPTH of the pocket PECKING DEPTH FEED RATE FOR PECKING Traversing speed of the tool during penetration CIRCLE RADIUS Radius of the circular pocket FEED RATE Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane Fig 8 10 Tool path for roughing out Ke Fig 8 11 Distances and infeeds with CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING Fig 8 12 Direction of the cutter path 8 13 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles Example Milling a circular pocket Pocket center coordinates 60 mm Y 50 mm Setup clearance Milling depth Pecking depth Feed rate for pecking mm min Circle radius mm Milling feed rate mm min Direction of the cutter path CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING cycle in a part program S814I1 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 S2000 Tool call N50 G77 P01 2 P02 12 P03 6 P04 80 P05 35 Cycle definition CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING N60 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 MOG Retract the spindle insert the tool N70 X 60 Y 50 M03 Move to starting position pocket center spindle ON N80 Z
128. on feedback scales are provided with one or more reference marks Reference marks are used to indicate the position of the scale reference point If the scale has only one reference mark its position is the scale reference point If the scale has several distance coded reference marks then the scale reference point is indicated by the left most reference mark at the beginning of the measuring range Machine datum miscellaneous function M91 The machine datum is required for the following tasks e Defining the limits of traverse software limit switches e Moving to machine referenced positions e g tool change position e Setting the workpiece datum The machine tool builder defines the distance for each axis from the scale reference point to the machine datum in a machine parameter If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be referenced to the machine datum end the block with the miscellaneous function M91 Coordinates that are referenced to the machine datum are indicated in the display with REF malar Mm Gwe X Z Y Fig 5 46 Scale reference point and machine datum for scales with one or several reference marks Additional machine datum miscellaneous function M92 Besides to the machine datum the machine tool builder can define another machine referenced position the additional machine datum The machine tool builder defines the distance for each axis from the machine dat
129. ons Begin program Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Call the tool Cycle definition PECKING see page 8 5 Retract the spindle and insert the tool Move to hole group 1 Pre position in the infeed axis Subprogram call with block N90 the subprogram is executed Move to hole group 2 Subprogram call Move to hole group 3 Subprogram call Retract tool End of main program M2 the subprogram is entered after M2 Beginning of subprogram Execute pecking for the first hole Move to incremental position for second hole and drill Move to incremental position for third hole and drill Move to incremental position for fourth hole and drill Switch to absolute coordinates G90 End of subprogram End of program TNC 360 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 2 Program Section Repeats As with subprograms program section repeats are marked with labels Principle The program is executed up to the end of the labelled program section block with Ln m Then the program section between the called LABEL and the label call is repeated the number of times entered for m After the last repetition the program is resumed G Programming notes e A program section can be repeated up to 65 534 times In succession e The total number of times the program section will be carried out Is always one more than the Fig 6 2 Flow diagram with program section repeats programmed number of
130. ool is then positioned above the next infeed point and the drilling process Is repeated Input data SETUP CLEARANCE MILLING DEPTH PECKING DEPTH Identical to cycle G83 DWELL TIME PECKING FEED RATE FINISHING ALLOWANCE Allowed material for the drilling operation see Fig 8 29 The sum of tool radius and finishing allowance should be the same for pilot drilling and roughing out Fig 8 28 Fig 8 29 Example of cutter infeed for PECKING Finishing allowance 8 25 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles CONTOUR MILLING G58 G59 Cycles G58 G59 are used to finish mill the contour pocket This cycle can also be used generally for milling contours Process e The tool is positioned above the first starting point e The tool then penetrates at the programmed feed rate to the first pecking depth e On reaching the first pecking depth the tool mills the first contour at the programmed feed rate and in the specified direction of rotation e At the infeed point the tool is advanced to the next pecking depth A This process is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached The remaining subcontours are milled in the same manner Fig 8 30 Infeeds and distances for CONTOUR MILLING Required tool This cycle requires a center cut end mill ISO 1641 Direction of rotation for CONTOUR MILLING With clockwise direction of rotation G58 e M3 defines climb milling for pocket and island With counterclockwise dire
131. or example S 500 rpm Resulting NC block 15 G17 S500 Tool pre selection with tool tables If you are using tool tables you can indicate which tool you will next need by entering a G51 block Simply enter the tool number or a corresponding Q parameter Tool change Automatic tool change If your machine is built for automatic tool changing the TNC controls the replacement of the inserted tool by another from the tool magazine The program run is not interrupted Manual tool change To change the tool manually stop the spindle and move the tool to the tool change position Sequence of action Move to the tool change position under program control if desired Interrupt program run see page 3 4 Change the tool J J J e Continue the program run see page 3 5 TNC 360 4 9 4 42 Tools 4 10 Programming tt Tool change position A tool change position must lie next to or above the workpiece to prevent tool collision With the miscellaneous functions M91 and M92 see page 5 39 you can enter machine referenced rather than workpiece referenced coordinates for the tool change position If TO is programmed before the first tool call the TNC moves the spindle to an uncompensated position If a positive length compensation value was in effect before TO the clearance to the workpiece is reduced TNC 360 4 Programming 4 3 Tool Compensation Values For each tool the TNC adjusts the spindle path
132. p starting position and workpiece surface Standard value 4x thread pitch e TOTAL HOLE DEPTH thread length Distance between workpiece surface and end of thread e DWELL TIME Enter a dwell time between 0 and 0 5 seconds to prevent wedging of the tool when retracted Further information is available from the machine tool builder e FEED RATE F Traversing speed of the tool during tapping Calculations The feed rate is calculated as follows F S50 F Feed rate mm min S Spindle speed rom p Thread pitch mm at e When a cycle is being run the spindle speed override control is disabled The feed rate override control is only active within a limited range preset by the machine tool builder e For tapping right hand threads activate the spindle with M3 for left hand threads use M4 8 6 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles TNC 360 Example Tapping with a floating tap holder Cutting an M6 thread at 100 rom Coordinates of the hole X 50mm Y ZOmm Pitch Imm F Soxp gt F 100 1 100 mm min Setup clearance 3 mm Thread depth 20 mm Dwell time 0 4 s Feed rate 100 mm min TAPPING cycle in a part program Yooo G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 2 20 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 3 N40 T1 G17 S100 N50 G84 P01 5 PO2 20 P03 0 4 P04 100 NGO GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N70 X 50 Y 20 MOs N80 Z 3 M99 N90 Z 100 M02 N9999 5871G71 Begin program Define work
133. piece blank Cycle definition TAPPING Retract the spindle insert the tool Pre positioning in the X Y plane spindle ON Pre positioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call Retract tool and end program 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles RIGID TAPPING G85 Process The thread is cut without a floating tap holder in one or several passes Advantages over tapping with a floating tap holder e Higher machining speeds e Repeated tapping of the same thread repetitions are made possible by spindle orientation to the O position during cycle call depending on machine parameters e Increased traverse range of the spindle axis at Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine manufacturer to enable rigid tapping Input data e SETUP CLEARANCE Distance between tool tip starting position and workpiece surface e TAPPING DEPTH Distance between workpiece surface beginning of thread and end of thread e THREAD PITCH The sign differentiates between right hand and left hand threads Right hand thread Left hand thread FIG O03 Input data for the RIGID TAPPING cycle at The control calculates the feed rate from the spindle speed If the spindle speed override knob is turned during tapping the control automatically adjusts the feed rate accordingly The feed rate override is disabled 8 8 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 2 Simple Fixed Cycles SLOT MILLING G74 Process TNC 360 Roughing p
134. played directly in the status field TNC 360 10 MOD Functions 10 7 Selecting the Unit of Measurement This MOD function determines whether coordinates are displayed in millimeters or inches e Metric system e g X 15 789 mm MOD function CHANGE MM INCH The value is displayed with 3 places after the decimal point e Inch system e g X 0 6216 inch MOD function CHANGE MM INCH The value is displayed with 4 places after the decimal point 10 8 Selecting the Programming Language The MOD function PROGRAM INPUT lets you choose between program ming in HEIDENHAIN plain language format and ISO format e To program in HEIDENHAIN format Set the PROGRAM INPUT function to HEIDENHAIN e To program in ISO format Set the PROGRAM INPUT function to ISO TNC 360 10 5 10 10 9 Setting the Axis Traverse Limits MOD Functions The MOD function AXIS LIMIT allows you to set limits to axis traverse within the machine s maxi mum working envelope Possible application to protect an indexing fixture from tool collision The maximum traverse range is defined by soft ware limit switches This range can be additionally limited through the MOD function AXIS LIMIT With this function you can enter the maximum traverse positions for the positive and negative directions These values are referenced to the scale datum Fig 10 2 Traverse limits on the workpiece Working without additional traverse limits To allow certain coo
135. program 0 Program memory e Battery buffered for up to 32 programs e Capacity approximately 4000 program blocks Tool definitions e Up to 254 tools in one program or up to 99 tools in the tool table program 0 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 5 Features Specifications and Accessories TNC 360 Programmable Functions Contour elements Straight line chamfer circular arc circle center circle radius tangentially connecting arc corner rounding Program jumps Subprogram program section repeat main program as subprogram Fixed cycles Pecking tapping also with synchronized spindle rectangular and circular pocket milling slot milling milling pockets and islands from a list of subcontour elements Coordinate transformations Datum shift mirroring rotation scaling factor 3D Touch Probe System Probing functions for measuring and datum setting digitizing 3D surfaces optional only available with HEIDENHAIN plain language programming Mathematical functions Basic operations and trigonometric functions sin cos tan and arctan Square roots va and root sum of squares 8 b Logical comparisons greater than smaller than equal to not equal to TNC Specifications Block execution time 1500 blocks min 40 ms per block Control loop cycle time 6ms Data transfer rate Max 38400 baud Ambient temperature 0 C to 45 C operation 30 C to 70 C storage Tra
136. r approach the function G26 Is entered after the block in which the first contour point is programmed i e after the first block with radius compensation G41 G42 e During contour departure the function G27 is entered after the block in which the last contour point is programmed i e after the last block with radius compensation G41 G42 Fig 5 10 Smooth departure from a contour Program example Starting position First contour point Smooth approach Last contour point Smooth departure End position W For proper execution of the functions G26 G27 a radius must be chosen such that the arc can connect the starting or end position with the contour point 5 6 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 3 Path Functions General information Part program input To create a part program you enter the dimensional information given on the workpiece drawing The workpiece coordinates are programmed as absolute values G90 or as relative values G91 You usually program a contour element by entering its end point The TNC automatically calculates the tool path from the tool data and the radius compensation The first machining block after the tool call must contain the following G functions Path function e g GOO Radius compensation e g G40 Absolute or incremental programming e g G90 Machine axis movement under program control G00 X 100 All machine axes programmed in a single NC block are moved simul
137. r entering the MIN point ae Select the tool axis G17 designates the Z axis Enter the MIN point coordinates for the X Y and Z axes confirm the block with END o 1 G function for entering the MAX point Enter an absolute value or Enter an incremental value Enter the MAX point coordinates for the X Y and Z axes confirm the block with END TNC 360 4 15 4 Programming 4 4 Program Creation The entered program section appears on the TNC screen 743 G71 Block 1 Program beginning name unit of measure N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 40 Block 2 Spindle axis MIN point coordinates N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 Block 3 MAX point coordinates N9999 743 G71 Block 4 Program end name unit of measure The unit of measure used in the program appears behind the program name G71 mm 4 16 TNC 360 4 Programming 4 5 Entering Tool Related Data Besides the tool data and compensation you must also enter the following information e Feed rate F e Spindle speed S e Miscellaneous functions M The tool related data can be determined with the aid of diagrams see page 11 15 Fig 4 11 Feed rate F and spindle speed S of the tool Feed rate F TNC 360 The feed rate is the speed in mm min or inch min with which the tool center moves Input range F 0 to 30 000 mm min 1181 Inch min The maximum feed rate is set in machine parameters Individually for each axis To set the f
138. r machining corners at constant path speed Corners whose inside angle is less than the entered value are no longer machined at constant path speed with M90 MP7460 Function Value e Maintain constant path speed at inside corners for angles of degrees 0 to 179 999 Coordinate display for rotary axis MP7470 Function e Angle display up to 359 999 e Angle display up to 30 000 Parameters for override behavior and electronic handwheel Override Entry range 0 to 7 sum of the individual values in the value column MP7620 Function Selections e Feed rate override when rapid traverse Override effective key pressed in program run mode Override not effective Feed rate override when rapid traverse key Override effective and machine axis direction button pressed Override not effective Increments for overrides 1 Increments 0 01 increments TNC 360 t129 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters Setting the TNC for handwheel operation Entry range 0 to 5 MP7640 Function No handwheel HR 330 with additional keys the keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the NC HR 130 without additional keys HR 330 with additional keys the keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the PLC HR 332 with 12 additional keys Multi axis handwheel with additional keys 11 10 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 2 Miscella
139. r the probe point is stored in a Q parameter The TNC interrupts the probing process if the probe is not deflected within a certain range range selected with MP6130 Fig 7 4 Workpiece dimensions to be measured To program the use of a touch probe 5 5 Select the touch probe function a d PARAMETER NUMBER FOR RESULT e g 5 Enter the number of the Q parameter to which the coordinate is to be assigned for example Ob PROBING AXIS PROBING DIRECTION Enter the probing axis for the coordinate for example X Select and confirm the probing direction e g a Enter all coordinates of the pre positioning point values for example X 5 mm Y 0 Z 5 mm VQ 27 BB D D Conclude input Resulting NC block N150 G55 P01 05 P0O2 X X 5 Y 0 Z 5 att Pre position the touch probe manually such that it will not collide with the workpiece when It moves toward the programmed position 72 TNC 360 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 7 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe During Program Run Example for exercise Measuring the height of an island on a workpiece Coordinates for pre positioning the 3D touch probe Q11 Q12 013 7 Q22 Q23 Touch point 1 Touch point 2 mm mm mm mm mm mm Part program 3600717 G71 N10 DOO Q11 P01 20 N20 DOO Q12 P01 50 Begin the program assign the coordinates for pre N30 DOO Q13 P01 10 positioning the touch probe to O par
140. rdinate axes to use their full range of traverse enter the maximum traverse of the TNC 30 000 mm as the AXIS LIMIT To find and enter the maximum traverse Enter the values that you wrote down as LIMITS in the corresponding axes e The tool radius is not automatically compensated in the axis traverse limits values e Traverse range limits and software limit switches become active as soon as the reference marks are crossed over e n every axis the TNC checks whether the negative limit is smaller than the positive one e The reference positions can also be captured directly with the function Actual Position Capture see page 4 20 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters General user parameters are machine parameters which affect the behavior of the TNC These parameters set such things as Dialog language Interface behavior Traversing speeds Machining sequences Effect of the overrides Selecting the general user parameters General user parameters are selected with code number 123 in the MOD functions at MOD functions also include machine specitic user parameters Parameters for external data transfer These parameters define control characters for blockwise transfer Input values Number between 0 and 32 382 ASCII character with 16 bit coding Note The character defined here for end of program is also valid for the setting of the standard interface MP5010 Fu
141. rds into a specific block by moving the highlight to the desired block with the horizontal arrow keys Erasing blocks and words Set the selected number to 0 Erase an incorrect number Clear a non blinking error message Delete the selected word Delete the selected block Erase program sections First select the last block of the program section to be erased TNC 360 4 Programming 4 2 Tools Each tool is identified by a number The tool data consisting of the e Length L and e Radius R are assigned to the tool number The tool data can be entered e into the individual part program in a G99 block or e once for each tool into a common tool table that is stored as program Q Once a tool is defined the TNC then associates its dimensions with the tool number and accounts for them when executing positioning blocks Determining tool data TNC 360 Tool number Each tool is designated with a number between 0 and 254 The tool with the number 0 is defined as having length L O and radius R 0 In tool tables TO should also be defined with L 0 and R O Tool radius R The radius of the tool is entered directly Tool length L The compensation value for the tool length is measured e as the difference in length between the tool and a zero tool or e with a tool pre setter A tool pre setter eliminates the need to define a tool in terms of the difference between its length and that of anot
142. rection for roughing out The rough out angle is relative to the angle reference axis and can be set such that the resulting cuts are as long as possible with few cutting movements e FEED RATE Fig 8 14 Infeeds and distances with the Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane ROUGH OUT cycle Machine parameters determine whether e the contour is first milled and then surface machined or vice versa e the contour is milled conventionally or by climb milling e all pockets are first roughed out to the full milling depths and then contour milled or vice versa e contour milling and roughing out are performed together for each pecking depth Fig 8 15 Tool path for rough out TNC 360 8 17 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles Example Roughing out a rectangular island Rectangular island with rounded corners Tool center cut end mill ISO 1641 radius 5 mm Coordinates of the island corners X Y A 70 mm 60 mm 2 15 mm 60 mm 8 15 mm 20 mm 4 70 mm 20 mm Coordinates of the auxiliary pocket X Y 6 5 mm 5 mm 7 105 mm 5 mm 105 mm 105 mm Q 5 mm 105 mm Starting point for machining X 40 mm Y 60 mm Setup clearance 2 mm Milling depth 15 mm Pecking depth mm Feed rate for pecking mm min Finishing allowance Rough out angle Feed rate for milling mm min Cycle in a part program S8181 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N
143. rectly D01 ADDITION e g N10 D01 Q01 P01 Q2 P02 5 Calculates and assigns the sum of two values D02 SUBTRACTION e g N10 D02 Q01 P01 10 P02 5 Calculates and assigns the difference between two values D03 MULTIPLICATION e g N10 D03 Q02 P01 3 P02 3 Calculates and assigns the product of two values D04 DIVISION e g N10 D04 Q04 P01 8 P02 002 Calculates and assigns the quotient of two values Note Division by 0 is not possible D05 SQUARE ROOT e g N10 D05 Q20 P01 4 Calculates and assigns the square root of a number Note Square root of a negative number is not possible The values in the overview above can be e two numbers e two Q parameters e anumber and a Q parameter The Q parameters and numerical values in the equations can be entered with positive or negative signs fee 7 Programming with Q Parameters 7 2 Describing Contours Through Mathematical Functions Programming example for fundamental operations Assign the value 10 to parameter O5 and assign the product of Q5 and 7 to parameter Q12 D o Select Q parameter function DOO ASSIGN PARAMETER NUMBER FOR RESULT Enter parameter number for example 5 and confirm FIRST VALUE PARAMETER OL D Assign numerical value to Q5 terminate block D E Select Q parameter function DO3 MULTIPLICATION PARAMETER NUMBER FOR RESULT 1 2 Enter parameter number for example Q12 and confirm FIRST VALUE OR PARAMETER OB
144. riate probing direction Fig 2 15 Probing an inside cylindrical surface to find the center Select the CIRCLE CENTER DATUM probe function Move the touch probe to a position approximately in the center of the circle yr CIRCLE CENTER DATUM X X Y Y The probe touches four points on the inside of the circle DATUM X Enter the first coordinate of the circle center for example in the X axis IS D DATUM Y a ajo Enter the second coordinate of the circle center for example in the Y axis 2 17 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 5 Setting the Datum with the 3D Touch Probe System Outside circle Fig 2 16 Probing an outside cylindrical surface to find the center Select the CIRCLE CENTER DATUM probe function D Move the touch probe to a starting position near the first touch point outside of the circle CIRCLE CENTER DATUM X X Y Y ar Select the probing direction Probe the workpiece Repeat the probing process for points and see Fig 2 16 Enter the coordinates of the circle center After the probing procedure is completed the TNC displays the coordi nates of the circle center and the circle radius PR 2 18 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 6 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe System With the 3D touch probe system you can determine e Position coordinates and from them e dimensions and angles on the workpiece
145. ring program run e Digitizing 3D forms optional only available with HEIDENHAIN plain language dialog program ming The TS 120 touch probe system is connected to the control via cable while the TS 510 communicates by means of infrared light Fig 1 5 HEIDENHAIN 3D Touch Probe Systems TS 120 and TS 511 Floppy Disk Unit The HEIDENHAIN FE 401 floppy disk unit serves as an external memory for the TNC allowing you to store your programs externally on diskette The FE 401 can also be used to transfer programs that were written on a PC into the TNC Extremely long programs which exceed the TNC s memory capacity are drip fed block by block The machine executes the transferred blocks and erases them immediately freeing memory for further blocks from the FE Fig 1 6 HEIDENHAIN FE 401 Floppy Disk Unit Electronic Handwheels Electronic handwheels provide precise manual control of the axis slides As on conventional machines turning the handwheel moves the axis by a defined amount The traverse distance per revolution of the handwheel can be adjusted over a wide range Portable handwheels such as the HR 330 are connected to the TNC by cable Built in hand wheels such as the HR 130 are built into the machine operating panel An adapter allows up to three handwheels to be connected simultaneously Your machine tool builder can tell you more about the handwheel Fig 1 7 The HR 330 Electronic Handwheel configur
146. rocess Finishing process The tool penetrates the workpiece from the starting position and mills in the longitudinal direction of the slot After downfeed at the end of the slot milling is performed in the opposite direction These steps are repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached The control advances the tool in a quarter circle at the bottom of the slot by the remaining finishing cut The tool subsequently climb mills the contour with M3 At the end of the cycle the tool is retracted in rapid traverse to the setup clearance If the number of infeeds was odd the tool returns to the starting position at the level of the setup clearance Fig 8 4 Required tool This cycle requires a center cut end mill ISO 1641 The cutter diameter must not be larger than the width of the slot and not smaller than half the width of the slot The slot must be parallel to an axis of the current coordinate system Input data SETUP CLEARANCE MILLING DEPTH Depth of the slot PECKING DEPTH FEED RATE FOR PECKING Traversing speed of the tool during penetration FIRST SIDE LENGTH O Length of the slot Specify the sign to determine the first milling direction SECOND SIDE LENGTH Width of the slot FEED RATE Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane SLOT MILLING cycle o J Fig 8 5 Infeeds and distances for the SLOT MILLING cycle 2 gt i t Fig 8 6 S
147. rogram Call tool in the spindle axis Z G17 spindle speed S 2500 rom Retract in the spindle axis rapid traverse miscellaneous function for tool change Pre position near the first contour point Pre position in Z spindle on Move to point with radius compensation Move to corner point Move to corner point Move to corner point Move to corner point conclude milling Retract in X and Y cancel radius compensation spindle STOP Move tool to setup clearance spindle OFF coolant OFF program stop return jump to block 1 End of program TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Chamfer G24 The chamfer function permits you to cut off corners at the intersection of two straight lines Fig 5 15 Chamfer from to You enter the length L to be removed from each side of the corner Prerequisites e The radius compensation before and after the chamfer block must be the same e An inside chamfer must be large enough to accommodate the current tool Fig 5 16 Tool radius too large You cannot start a contour with a G24 block A chamfer is only possible in the working plane The feed rate for chamfering is taken from the previous block The corner point E is cut off by the chamfer and is not part of the resulting contour To program a chamfer 2 4 Select the chamfer function D CHAMFER SIDE LENGTH e g S D Enter the length to be remo
148. s Fig 8 42 Oriented spindle stop at Oriented spindle stops can also be programmed in machine parameters Prerequisite The machine must be set up for this cycle Input data Angle of orientation S based on the angle reference axis of the working plane Input range O to 360 Inout resolution 0 1 TNC 360 8 39 9 External Data Transfer The TNC features an RS 232 C data interface for transferring data to and from other devices It can PROGRAMMING AND EDITING be used in the PROGRAMMING AND EDITING SELECTION ENT END NOENT operating mode and in a program run mode PROGRAM DIRECTORY READ IN ALL PROGRAMS l a READ IN PROGRAM OFFERED Possible applications READ IN SELECTED PROGRAM READ OUT SELECTED PROGRAM e Blockwise transfer DNC mode READ OUT ALL PROGRAMS e Downloading program files into the TNC e Transferring program files from the TNC to external storage devices e Printing files Fig 9 1 Menu for external data transfer 9 1 Menu for External Data Transfer To select external data transfer D Menu for external data transfer appears on the screen Use the arrow keys to select the individual menu options Display program numbers of the programs PROGRAM DIRECTORY on the storage medium Transfer all programs from the storage medium READ IN ALL PROGRAMS into the TNC Display programs for transfer into the TNC READ IN PROGRAM OFFERED Transfer selected program into the TNC READ IN SELECTED P
149. s for Coordinate Transformations MIRROR IMAGE G28 TNC 360 Application This cycle makes It possible to machine the mirror image of a contour in the working plane Activation The MIRROR IMAGE cycle becomes active as soon as it is defined Mirrored axes are identified in the Status display e f one axis is mirrored the machining direction of the tool is reversed This does not apply to fixed cycles however e f two axes are mirrored the machining direction remains the same The mirror image depends on the location of the datum e f the datum is located on the mirrored contour the part turns over at that point e lf the datum is located outside the mirrored contour the part turns over and also jumps to another location Input data Enter the axis that you wish to mirror The tool axis cannot be mirrored Cancellation To cancel the mirror image program G28 without defining an axis Fig 8 39 MIRROR IMAGE cycle N Fig 8 40 Fig 8 41 Multiple mirroring and milling direction Datum lies outside the mirrored contour 8 33 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations Example Mirror Image A machining sequence subprogram 1 is to be executed once as originally programmed referenced to the datum X 0 Y 0 Q and then again referenced to X 70 Y 60 mirrored In X MIRROR IMAGE cycle in a part program S844 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17
150. s nanan asterateaitesuosarccneseoaeaeehs Machining in the X Y plane X 20 Y 10 l 50 J 50 8 16 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles ROUGH OUT G57 Process Cycle G57 specifies the cutting path and partitioning e The tool is positioned in the tool axis above the first infeed point taking the finishing allowance into account e Then the tool penetrates into the workpiece at the programmed feed rate for pecking Milling the contour e The tool mills the first subcontour at the specified feed rate taking the finishing allowance into account e When the tool returns to the infeed point it is advanced to the next pecking depth This process is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached e Further subcontours are milled in the same manner Roughing out pockets e After milling the contour the pocket is roughed out The stepover is defined by the tool radius Islands are jumped over e f necessary pockets can be cleared out with several downfeeds e At the end of the cycle the tool returns to the setup clearance Required tool This cycle requires a center cut end mill ISO 1641 if the pocket is not separately pilot drilled or if the tool must repeatedly jump over contours Input data SETUP CLEARANCE MILLING DEPTH PECKING DEPTH FEED RATE FOR PECKING Traversing speed of the tool during penetration e FINISHING ALLOWANCE Q Allowance in the working plane positive number e ROUGH OUT ANGLE Feed di
151. s on the connected device Use the ENT key to select the baud rate HEIDENHAIN FE 401 and FE 401B floppy disk units HEIDENHAIN ME 101 magnetic tape unit no longer in production Non HEIDENHAIN units such as printers tape punchers and PCs without TNC EXE No transfer of data e g digitizing without transfer of the digitized data or operation without connecting a device TNC 360 10 3 10 MOD Functions 10 5 Machine Specific User Parameters The machine tool builder can assign functions to up to 16 USER PARAME TERS For more detailed information refer to the operating manual for the machine tool 10 6 Selecting Position Display Types The positions indicated in Fig 10 1 are Starting position Target position of the tool Workpiece datum W Scale datum M Fig 10 1 Characteristic positions on the workpiece and scale The TNC position display can show the following coordinates Nominal position the value presently commanded by the TNG T eresi assassinar iain NOML Actual position the position at which the TOOL IS DVCSC I Iacat BA O essaie n R ACTL Servo lag difference between the nominal and actual POSITIONS G sssrinin i LAG Reference position the actual position as referenced TO Wie Sce datum A oreren oni REF Distance remaining to the programmed position difference between actual and target position 6 e DIST Select the desired information with the ENT key It is then dis
152. sation Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Resulting NC block G12 G91 H 1080 2 4 5 5 34 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates Example for exercise Tapping Given data Thread Right hand internal thread M64x 1 5 Pitch P Start angle A End angle A 360 0 at Z 0 Thread revolutions n 8 Thread overrun e at start of thread n 0 5 at end of thread n 0 5 Number of cuts 1 Calculating the input values P n 5 e Total height h _ mm n n 9 mm 300 see total height H IPA 360 9 3240 lou ou yy gt On Incremental polar coordinate angle H J I 353 UL Iil Os Start angle A with thread overrun n n 0 5 The start angle of the helix is advanced by 180 n 1 corresponds to 360 With positive rotation this means that A with n A 180 180 Starting coordinate P n n 6 65 Mmm 12 75 Mmm The thread is being cut in an upward direction towards Z 0 therefore Z is negative Part program poe seS RETI i Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define the workpiece blank N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T11 L 0 R 5 Define the tool N40 T11 G17 52500 Call the tool N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract the spindle and insert the tool Pre position in the bore center in X Y Capture position as a pole N80 Z 12 M03 Move the tool to starting depth N90 G11 G41 R 32 H 180 F100 Mo
153. sitioning in Z to setup clearance cycle call The control automatically calculates the points of intersection S1 and S2 so these points do not have to be programmed The pockets are programmed as full circles N110 G98 L1 N120 G01 G41 X 10 Y 50 N130 1 35 J 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 N140 G98 L N150 G98 L2 N160 G01 G41 X 90 Y 50 N170 1 65 J 50 G03 X 90 Y 50 B N180 G98 L N9999 S8201 G71 Depending on the control setup machine parameters machining starts either with the outline or the surface Fig 8 18 Outline is machined first 8 20 A Left pocket Right pocket Fig 8 17 Points of intersection S and S of pockets A and B Fig 8 19 Surface is machined first TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 3 SL Cycles p TNC 360 Area of inclusion Both areas element A and element B are to be machined including the area of overlap e Aand B must be pockets e The first pocket in cycle G37 must start outside the second N110 G98 L1 N120 G01 G41 X 10 Y 50 N130 1 35 J 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 N140 G98 L N150 G98 L2 N160 G01 G41 X 90 Y 50 N170 14 65 J 50 G03 X 50 Y 50 N180 G98 LO Area of exclusion Surface A is to be machined without the portion overlapped by B e A must be a pocket and B an island e A must start outside of B N110 G98L1 N120 G01 G41 X 10 Y 50 N130 1 35 J 50 G03 X 10 Y 50 N140 G98 LO N150 G98 L2 N160 G01 G42 X 90 Y 50 N170 1 65 J 5
154. sitive X direction and the index finger in the positive Y direction Fig 1 9 Designations and directions of the axes on a milling machine TNC 360 1 7 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Additional axes The TNC can control machines that have more than three axes U V and W are secondary linear axes parallel to the main axes X Y and Z respec tively see illustration Rotary axes are also possible They are designated as axes A B and C Polar coordinates The Cartesian coordinate system is especially useful for parts whose dimensions are mutually perpendicular But when workpieces contain circular arcs or when dimensions are given in degrees it is often easier to use polar coordinates In contrast to Cartesian coordinates which are three dimensional polar coordinates can only describe positions in a plane The datum for polar coordinates is the pole I J K To describe a position in polar coordinates think of a scale whose zero point is rigidly connected to the pole but which can be freely rotated in a plane around the pole Positions in this plane are defined by e Polar Radius R The distance from the pole I J to the defined position e Polar Angle H The angle between the refer ence axis and the scale 1 8 Fig 1 11 Fig 1 10 Arrangement and designation of the auxiliary axes Positions on an arc with polar coordinates TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Setting
155. st be stored in the tool table Editing the tool table program 0 PROGRAMMING AND EDITING Call the program directory PROGRAM NUMBER In the ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL and MANUAL modes of operation you can call the tool table at any time by simply pressing ENT Data in the tool table The tool table contains further information in addition to the tool dimensions PROGRAMMING AND EDITING L 22 22 R 3 85 L 12 5 R 3 5 L 13 6 R 5 L 1 3 R 6 L 15 R 12 5 L 48 5 L 4 58 Fig 4 3 Tool table Abbreviation Input Dialog T Tool number the number with which the tool is called in a part program 5 Special tool with large radius requiring more than one SPECIAL TOOL pocket in the tool magazine A certain number of pockets YES ENT 7 NO NO ENT is kept vacant on each side of the special tool The letter S then appears in front of the tool number Pocket number of the tool in the magazine POCKET NUMBER L Compensation value for the Length of the tool TOOL LENGTH L Radius of the tool TOOL RADIUS R TNC 360 4 Programming 4 2 Tools Calling tool data The following data can be programmed in the T block e Tool number O parameter e Working plane with G17 G18 or G19 e Spindle speed S To call the tool data TOOL NUMBER e g o Enter the number of the tool as it was defined in the tool table or in a G99 block for example 5 1 Select the spindle axis Z D 5 O gt Enter the desired spindle speed f
156. stem must be calibrated for commissioning after a stylus breaks when the stylus is changed when the probe feed rate is changed in case of irregularities such as those resulting from machine heating During calibration the TNC finds the effective length of the stylus and the effective radius of the ball tip To calibrate the 3D touch probe clamp a ring gauge with known height and known internal radius to the machine table To calibrate the effective length Fig 2 9 Calibrating the touch probe length Set the datum in the tool axis such that for the machine tool table Z O CALIBRATION EFFECTIVE LENGTH TOOL AXIS Z If necessary enter the tool axis for example Z Move the highlight to DATUM Enter the height of the ring gauge for example 5 mm Move the touch probe to a position just above the ring gauge If necessary change the displayed traverse direction The 3D touch probe contacts the upper surface of the ring gauge 2 10 TNC 360 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 3D Touch Probe System To calibrate the effective radius Position the ball tip in the bore hole of the ring gauge Fig 2 10 Calibrating the touch probe radius SURFACE DATUM 0 0G Select the calibration function for the ball tip radius CALIBRATION EFFECTIVE RADIUS X X Y Y i Select RADIUS RING GAUGE RADIUS RING GAUGE 0 5 Enter the radius of the ring gauge for example 5 mm The 3D touch
157. t desired display mode Confirm selection Start graphic display GRAPHICS sta Start graphic simulation in the selected display mode START The START key repeats a graphic simulation as often as desired Rotary axis movements cannot be graphically simulated An attempted test run will result in an error message Plan view TNC 360 In this mode contour height is shown by image brightness The deeper the contour the darker the image Number of depth levels 7 This is the fastest of the three display modes Fig 1 23 TNC graphics plan view 1 Introduction 1 4 Graphics and Status Display Projection in three planes 3D view 1 16 Here the program is displayed as in a technical drawing with a plan view and two orthographic sections A conical symbol near the graphic indi cates whether the display Is in first angle or second angle projection according to ISO 6433 Part 1 The type of projection can be selected with MP 7310 Moving the sectional planes The sectional planes can be moved to any position with the arrow keys The position of the sectional plane is displayed on the screen while it is being moved This mode displays the simulated workpiece in three dimensional space Rotating the 3D view In the 3D view the image can be rotated around the vertical axis with the horizontal arrow keys The angle of orientation is indicated with a special symbol 0 rotation 90 rotation
158. taneously Paraxial movement Paraxial movement means that the tool path is parallel to the programmed axis Number of axes programmed in the NC block 1 Fig 5 11 Paraxial movement Movement in the main planes G00 X 70 Y 50 With this tyoe of movement the tool moves to the programmed position on a Straight line or a circular arc in a working plane Number of axes programmed in the NC block 2 Fig 5 12 Movement ina main plane X Y plane TNC 360 5 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 3 Path Functions 5 8 Movement of three machine axes 3D movement The tool moves in a straight line to the programmed position Number of axes programmed in the NC block 3 Exception A helical path is created by combining a circular movement in a plane with a linear movement perpendicular to the plane FiQaDs 1 3 L X 80 Y 0 Z 10 Three dimensional tool movement TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 3 Path Functions Overview of path functions in Cartesian in polar coordinates coordinates Straight line at rapid traverse GOO G10 Straight line with a programmed feed rate 1 G11 5 l J K do not generate a movement 2 3 6 GO Circular movement in the clockwise direction CVV GO Circular movement in the counterclockwise direction CCW GO A circular path can be programmed by entering e Circle center J K and end point or e Circle radius and end point GO 0 Chamfer with chamfer l
159. te system 1 10 TNC 360 1 Introduction 1 2 Fundamentals of NC Absolute workpiece positions Each position on the workpiece is clearly defined by its absolute coordi nates Example Absolute coordinates of the position X 20 mm Y 10 mm Z 15 mm If you are drilling or milling a workpiece according to a workpiece drawing with absolute coordinates you are moving the tool to the coordinates Incremental workpiece positions A position can be referenced to the previous nominal position i e the Fig 1 16 Position of the example relative datum is always the last programmed position Such coordinates absolute workpiece positions are referred to as incremental coordinates increment growth or also incremental or chain dimensions since the positions are defined as a chain of dimensions Incremental coordinates are designated with G91 Example Incremental coordinates of the position referenced to position Absolute coordinates of the position X 10mm Y Sim Z 20 mm Incremental coordinates of the position IX 10mm Y 10mm IZ 15mm If you are drilling or milling a workpiece according to a workpiece drawing 7 with incremental coordinates you are moving the tool by the coordinates ig 1 17 Positions and of the example incremental workpiece positions An incremental position definition is therefore intended as an immediately relative definition This is also the case when
160. tes BLK FORM DEFINITION INCORRECT e Program the MIN and MAX points according to the instructions e Choose a ratio of sides less than 84 1 e When programming with copy G30 G31 Into the main program CHAMFER NOT PERMITTED e Achamfer block must be inserted between two straight line blocks with the same radius compensation e Do not change the program during program run e Do not edit the program while it is transterred or executed CIRCLE END POS INCORRECT e Enter complete information for tangential arcs e Enter end points that lie on the circular path CYCL INCOMPLETE Define the cycle with all data in the proper sequence Do not call coordinate transformation cycles Define a cycle before calling It Enter a pecking depth other than 0 EXCESSIVE SUBPROGRAMMING Conclude subprograms with G98 LO e Program subprogram calls without repetition L 0 e Program a call for program section repeats to include the repetitions Lj e Subprograms cannot call themselves e Subprograms cannot be nested in more than 8 levels e Main programs cannot be nested as subprograms in more than 4 levels TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 6 TNC Error Messages TNC 360 FEED RATE IS MISSING e Enter the feed rate for the positioning block e Enter FMAX in each block GROSS POSITIONING ERROR The TNC monitors positions and movements If the actual position deviates to greatly from the nominal position this bli
161. th and continuous transition to the next There is no visible corner at the intersection Input Coordinates of the arc end point Prerequisites e The contour element to which the tangential arc iQ Oo The straight line 2 is connected tangentially to the connects with GO6 must be programmed circular arc immediately before the G06 block e There must be at least two positioning blocks defining the tangentially connected contour element before the G06 block Fig 5 32 The path of a tangential arc depends on the preceding contour element A tangential arc is a two dimensional operation the coordinates in the G06 block and the positioning block before it should be in the plane of the arc To program a circular path G06 with tangential connection o 6 Circular path with tangential connection D 9 1 Enter the coordinates of the arc end point as relative coordinates for example X 50 mm Y 10 mm xogo B00 B If necessary enter also e Radius compensation e Feed rate e Miscellaneous function Resulting NC block GO6 G42 G91 X 50 Y 10 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Example for exercise Circular arc connecting to a straight line Coordinates of the transition point from the line to the arc Coordinates of the arc end point Milling depth Tool radius Part program e5525lG7 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0
162. th radius R Smooth approach of a contour with radius R Smooth departure from a contour with radius R workpiece blank 31 Define the blank form for graphic simulation MAX point Oo 38 Stopprogramrun oS OO O o 40 No tool compensation R0 41 Tool radius compensation tool traverse to the left of the contour RL 42 Tool radius compensation tool traverse to the right of the contour RR 43 Lengthening single axis movements R Shortening single axis movements R 44 50 Edit protection at the beginning of a program 51 Next tool number with central tool memory 55 Touch probe function Unit of measurement 70 Unit of measurement Inches at beginning of program 71 Unit of measurement Millimeters at beginning of program Definition of positions 90 Absolute workpiece positions 91 Incremental workpiece positions po 98 Assigning a label number i 8 OO CO 00 GO QO QO QO CO WANN NO TETTE ww OADD NANO _ A C0 CO CO WW OOF 2 Selecting the working plane Chamfers Corner rounding Approaching and departing a contour Traverse with without radius compensation TNC 360 11 25 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 7 Address letters ISO programming Other address letters 11 26 Address letter Begin program or call program with G39 Rotate around the X axis Rotate around the Y axis Rotate around the Z axis Parameter definition program parameter Q Feed rate Dwell time
163. the contour in several steps The tool radius is automatically compensated with parameter Q108 The program works with the following values Start angle Q1 End angle Increment e Solid angle Sphere radius Setup clearance Plane angle Start angle End angle Increment X coordinate Y coordinate Center of sphere Milling feed rate Oversize The parameters additionally defined in the program have the following meanings Q15 Setup clearance above the sphere Q21 Solid angle during machining Q24 Distance from center of sphere to center of tool Q26 Plane angle during machining 0108 TNC parameter with tool radius Part program 360712 G71 N10 DOO Q1 P01 90 N20 DOO Q2 P01 0 N30 DOO O83 P01 5 N40 DOO O04 P01 45 N50 DOO O5 P01 2 N60 DOO O6 P01 O N70 DOO Q7 P01 360 N80 DOO O8 P01 5 N90 DOO O9 P01 50 N100 DOO Q10 P01 50 N110 DOO Q11 P01 500 N120 DOO Q12 P01 0 N130 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 50 N140 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N150 G99 T1 L 0 R 5 N160 T1 G17 S1000 N170 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N180 L 10 0 N190 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M02 Assign the sphere data to the param eters Workpiece blank define and insert tool Subprogram call Retract tool return jump to beginning of program Continued 7 19 7 7 8 7 20 Programming with Q Parameters Examples for Exercise N200 G98 L10 N200 D01 Q15 P01 Q5 P02 04 N220 DOO Q2
164. tine at certain locations in a program Subpro gram e To call a separate program for execution or test run within the main program main program as subprogram Cycles Common machining routines are delivered with the control as standard cycles The TNC features fixed cycles for Pecking Tapping Slot milling Pocket and island milling Coordinate transformation cycles can be used to change the coordinates of a machining sequence in a defined way i e Datum shift Mirroring Rotation Enlarging Reducing Parameter programming Instead of numerical values you enter markers in the program so called parameters which are defined through mathematical functions or logical comparisons You can use parametric programming for Conditional and unconditional jumps Measurements with the 3D touch probe during program run Output of values and messages Transferring values to and from memory The following mathematical functions are available Assign Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division Angle measurement Trigonometry etc 5 3 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 2 Contour Approach and Departure at An especially convenient way to approach and depart a workpiece is on a tangential arc This is done with the smooth approach function G26 see page 5 6 Starting and end positions Starting position The tool moves from the starting position to the first contour point The starting position is programmed wit
165. tion in the first subprogram to cycle G37 CONTOUR GEOM ROUNDING OFF NOT DEFINED Enter tangentially connecting arcs and rounding arcs correctly ROUNDING RADIUS TOO LARGE Rounding arcs must fit between contour elements SELECTED BLOCK NOT ADDRESSED Before a test run or program run you must go to the beginning of the program by entering GOTO 0 STYLUS ALREADY IN CONTACT Before probing pre position the stylus so that it is not touching the workpiece surface TOOL RADIUS TOO LARGE Enter a tool radius that e lies within the given limits and e permits the contour elements to be calculated and machined TOUCH POINT INACCESSIBLE Pre position the 3D touch probe to a point nearer the surface WRONG AXIS PROGRAMMED Do not attempt to program locked axes Program a rectangular pocket or slot in the working plane Do not mirror rotary axes Chamfer length must be positive WRONG RPM Program a spindle speed within the permissible range WRONG SIGN PROGRAMMED Enter the correct sign for the cycle parameter TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 7 Address letters ISO programming G Functions Effective Refer to blockwise page Positioning functions 00 Linear interpolation Cartesian coordinates at rapid traverse Linear interpolation Cartesian coordinates Circular interpolation Cartesian coordinates clockwise Circular interpolation Cartesian coordinates counterclockwise Circular interpolation
166. try values 0 to 3 Sum of the individual values from the value column MP7270 Function Selections e Display feed rate in manual mode Display feed rate Do not display feed rate e Spindle speed S and M functions S and M still active still active after STOP S and M no longer active Decimal character MP7280 Function e Decimal point e Decimal comma TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 1 General User Parameters Display steps for coordinate axes MP7290 Function e Display step 0 001 mm e Display step 0 005 mm Q parameters and status display MP7300 Function Selections e Q parameters and status display Do not erase Erase with M02 M30 and N9999 e Last programmed tool after Do not activate power interruption Activate Graphics display Entry range 0 to 3 sum of the individual values MP7310 Function Selections e View in 3 planes Projection method 1 according to ISO 6433 Part 1 Projection method 2 e Rotate coordinate system by 90 in the working plane Parameters for machining and program run Effect of cycle G72 SCALING MP7410 Function e SCALING effective in 3 axes e SCALING effective in the working plane MP7411 Tool compensation data in the TOUCH PROBE block Function e Overwrite current tool data with the calibrated data of the touch probe e Retain current tool data TNC 360 11 7 11 11 1 Tables Overviews Diagrams General User
167. ts center A circle center can also serve as reference pole for polar coordinates Fig 5 18 Circle center coordinates Direction of rotation When there is no tangential transition to another contour element enter the mathematical direction of rotation where e aclockwise direction of rotation is mathematical ly negative function G02 e a counterclockwise direction of rotation is mathematically positive function G03 Fig 5 19 Direction of rotation for circular movements TNC 360 Or 1 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Radius compensation in circular paths You cannot begin radius compensation in a circle block It must be activated beforehand in a line block Circles in the main planes When you program a circle the TNC assigns it to Spindle axis Main plane one of the main planes This plane is automatically defined when you set the spindle axis during tool Circle center call T Fig 5 20 Defining the spindle axis also defines the main plane and the circle center designations w You can program circles that do not lie parallel to a main plane by using Q parameters see Chapter 7 Circle center I J K If you program an arc using the functions GO2 G03 G05 you must first define the circle center by e entering the Cartesian coordinates of the circle center e using the circle center defined in an earlier block e capturing the actual position You can define
168. tween blocks N70 and N110 five times for six holes N120 Z 100 M02 Retract the tool in Z N9999 S66l G71 6 6 TNC 360 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 2 Program Section Repeats TNC 360 Machining sequence e Upward milling direction e Machine the area from X 0 to 50 mm orogram all X coordinates with the tool radius subtracted and from Y 0 to 100 mm G98 L1 e Machine the area from X 50 to 100 mm orogram all X coordinates with the tool radius added and from Y 0 to 100 mm G98 L2 e After each upward pass the tool is moved by an increment of 2 5 mm in the Y axis The illustration to the right shows the block numbers containing the end points of the corresponding contour elements Part program S67 G71 N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 70 N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 10 N40 T1 G17 S1750 N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 N60 X 20 Y 1 M03 N70 G98 L1 N80 G90 Z 51 N90 G01 X 1 F100 N100 X 11 646 Z 20 2 N110 GO6 X 40 Z 0 N120 G01 X 41 N130 GOO Z 10 N140 X 20 G91 Y 2 5 N150 L1 40 N160 G90 Z 20 N170 X 120 Y 1 N180 G98 L2 N190 G90 Z 51 N200 G01 X 99 F100 N210 X 88 354 Z 20 2 N220 G06 X 60 Z 0 N230 G01 X 59 N240 GOO Z 10 N250 X 120 G91 Y 2 5 N260 L2 40 N270 G90 Z 100 M02 N9999 S671 G71 Example for exercise Milling with program section repeat without radius compensation
169. um shift incremental Cancellation To cancel a datum shift enter the datum shift coordinates X 0 Y 0 and Z 0 at When combining transformations program the datum shift first 8 30 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations Example Datum shift A machining sequence in the form of a subprogram is to be executed twice a once referenced to the specified datum X 0 Y 0 and b asecond time referenced to the shifted datum X 40 Y 60 Cycle in a part program S840I G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Define workpiece blank N20 G31 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 N30 G99 T1 L 0 R 4 Tool definition N40 T1 G17 515007 Tool call N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 Retract the tool Execute sequence 1 without datum shift N70 G54 X 40 Y 60 Execute sequence 2 with datum shift N90 G54 X 0 Y 0 Cancellation of datum shift N100 Z 100 M02 N110 G98 L1 N230 G98 LO N9999 S840I G71 TNC 360 8 31 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycles for Coordinate Transformations Subprogram N110 G98 L1 N120 X 10 Y 10 MO3 N130 Z 2 N140 G01 Z 5 F200 N150 G41 X 0 Y 0 N160 Y 20 N170 X 25 N180 X 30 Y 15 N190 Y 0 N200 X 0 N210 G40 X 10 Y 10 N220 GOO Z 2 N230 G98 LO The location of the subprogram NC block depends on the transformation cycle LBL 1 LBL 0 Datum shift block N110 block N230 Mirror image rotation scaling block N130 block N250 8 32 TNC 360 8 Cycles 8 4 Cycle
170. um to the additional machine datum If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be referenced to the additional machine datum end the block with the miscellaneous function M92 The values for radius compensation remain effective even if you have programmed the coordinates with M91 of M92 5 39 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 6 M Functions for Contouring Behavior Workpiece datum The user enters the coordinates of the datum for workpiece machining in the MANUAL OPERATION mode see page 2 7 Fig 5 47 Machine datum and workpiece datum D 5 40 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 7 Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI In the POSITIONING WITH MANUAL DATA INPUT mode of operation you can use G07 to enter and execute single axis positioning blocks The entered positioning blocks are not stored in the TNC memory Application examples e Pre positioning e Face milling gt POSITIONING MANUAL DATA INPUT Select the MDI function gt a Select a single axis positioning block Gi O For example Select programming absolute values xB For example Position in X at 5 Mm PEEBO o For example Feed rate F 1500 mm min terminate the block Start the positioning block TNC 360 5 41 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 6 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a machining sequence once and then run it as often as
171. un Parameters 0115 to Q118 are assigned the coordinates of the spindle position upon probing during a programmed measurement with the 3D touch probe The length and radius of the stylus are not compensated for these coordinates Coordinate axis Parameter X axis Y axis Z axis IV axis Current tool radius compensation The current tool radius compensation is assigned to parameter Q123 as follows Current tool compensation Parameter value TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 4 Diagrams for Machining Spindle speed S TNC 360 The spindle speed S can be calculated from the tool radius R and the cutting speed v as follows B V JR 2 R x Units S in rpm V in m min R in mm You can read the spindle speed directly from the diagram Example Tool radius R 15mm Cutting speed V 50 m min Spindle speed S 500 rom calculated S 497 rpm Tool radius R mm Cutting velocity V m min 11 15 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 4 Diagrams for Machining Feed rate F The feed rate F of the tool is calculated from the number of tool teeth n the permissible depth of cut per tooth d and the spindle speed S Fe na Units F in mm min d in mm S n rpm The feed rate read from the diagram must be multiplied by the number of tool teeth Example Depth of cut per tooth d 0 1mm Spindle speed S 500 rom Feed rate from diagram F 50 mm min Number of tool teeth n 6 Feed rate to enter F
172. ve with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point N100 G13 G91 H 3240 Z 13 5 F200 Helical interpolation incremental angle and tool movement in the Z axis N110 GOO G40 G90 X 50 Y 30 Retract in X Y absolute values cancel radius compensation N120 Z 100 M02 Retract in Z N9999 S536l G71 TNC 360 000 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 6 M Functions for Contouring Behavior and Coordinate Data The following miscellaneous functions enable you to change the standard contouring behavior of the TNC in certain situations such as e Smoothing corners e Inserting transition arcs at non tangential transitions between straight lines e Machining small contour steps e Machining open contour corners e Entering machine reference coordinates Smoothing corners M90 Standard behavior without M90 At angular transitions such as internal corners and contours without radius compensation the TNC stops the axes briefly Advantages e Reduced wear on the machine e High definition of outside corners Note In program blocks with radius compensation G41 G42 the TNC automati cally inserts a transition arc at external corners i Fig 5 40 Standard contouring behavior with Smoothing corners with M90 G40 and without M90 The tool moves around corners at constant speed Advantages e Provides a smoother more continuous surface e Reduces machining time Application example Surfaces consisting of se
173. ved from each side of the corner for example 5 mm Resulting NC block G24 R5 TNC 360 5 13 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Example for exercise Chamfering a corner Coordinates of the corner point Chamfer length Milling depth Tool radius Part program S514 1 G71 Begin program N10 G30 G17 X 0 Y 0 Z 20 Workpiece blank MIN point N20 G31 G90 X 100 Y 100 Z 0 Workpiece blank MAX point N30 G99 T5 L 5 R 10 Tool definition N40 15 G17 S2000 Tool call N50 GOO G40 G90 Z 100 M06 Retract spindle and insert tool Pre position in X Y N70 Z 15 MO3 Pre position to the working depth spindle on N80 G01 G42 X 5 Y 5 F200 Move with radius compensation and reduced feed to the first contour point N90 X 95 Program the first straight line for corner E N100 G24 R10 Chamfer block inserts a chamfer with L 10 mm N110 Y 100 Program the second straight line for corner E N120 GOO G40 X 110 Y 110 Retract the tool in X Y and Z cancel radius compensation N130 Z 100 M02 Move tool to setup clearance N9999 S514I G71 5 14 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Circles and circular arcs General information The TNC can control two machine axes simultane ously to move the tool in a circular path Fig 5 17 Circular arc and circle center Circle center I J K You can define a circular movement by entering I
174. veral straight line elements Duration of effect The miscellaneous function M90 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed Operation with servo lag must be active at A limit value can be set in machine parameter MP7460 see page 11 9 below which the tool will move at constant feed rate valid for operation both with servo lag and with feed precontrol This value is _ valid regardless of M90 Fig 5 41 Contouring behavior with G40 and M90 5 36 TNC 360 5 Programming Tool Movements 5 6 M Functions for Contouring Behavior Machining small contour steps M97 tt TNC 360 Standard behavior without M97 The TNC inserts a transition arc at outside corners At very short contour steps this would cause the tool to damage the contour In such cases the TNC interrupts the program run and displays the error message TOOL RADIUS TOO LARGE Machining contour steps with M97 The TNC calculates the contour intersection see figure for the contour elements as at inside corners and moves the tool over this point M97 is programmed in the same block as the outside corner point Duration of effect The miscellaneous function M97 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed Fig 5 42 Standard behavior without M97 if the block were to be executed as programmed Fig 5 43 Contouring behavior with M97 A contour machined with M97 is less complete than one without You may wish to
175. verse Max 30 m 1181 Inches Traversing speed Max 30 m min 1181 ipm Spindle speed Max 99 999 rom Input resolution As fine as 1 um 0 0001 in or 0 001 11 19 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 5 Features Specifications and Accessories Accessories FE 401 Floppy Disk Unit Applications All TNC contouring controls TNG 131 ING 135 Data transfer rate e TNC 2400 to 38400 baud e PRT 110 to 9600 baud Diskette drives Two drives one for copying capacity 795 kilobytes approx 25 000 blocks up to 256 files Diskette type 3 0 U5 DD 135 TP Triggering 3D Touch Probes Description Touch probe system with ruby tip and stylus with rated break point standard shank for spindle insertion Models TS 120 Cable transmission integrated interface TS 511 Infrared transmission separate transmitting and receiving units Spindle insertion TS 120 manual TS 511 automatic Probing reproducibility Better than 1 um 0 000 04 in Probing speed Max 3 m min 118 ipm Electronic Handwheels e Integrable unit e Portable version with cable transmission equipped with axis address keys rapid traverse key safety switch emergency stop button 11 20 TNC 360 11 Tables Overviews Diagrams 11 6 TNC Error Messages The TNC automatically generates error messages when it detects such things as Incorrect data Input Logical errors in the program Contour elements that are impossible to machine J
176. ween the two points on the coordinate axis To return to the datum that was active before the length measurement Select the SURFACE DATUM probe function Probe the first touch point again Set the datum to the value that you wrote down previously Measuring angles TNC 360 You can also use the 3D touch probe system to measure angles in the working plane You can measure e the angle between the angle reference axis and a workpiece side or e the angle between two sides The measured angle is displayed as a value of maximum 90 To find the angle between the angle reference axis and a side of the workpiece Select the BASIC ROTATION probe function D ROTATION ANGLE If you will need the current basic rotation later write down the value that appears under ROTATION ANGLE Make a basic rotation with the side of the workpiece see Compensating workpiece misalignment 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 6 Measuring with the 3D Touch Probe The angle between the angle reference axis and the side of the workpiece appears as the ROTATION ANGLE in the BASIC ROTATION function Cancel the basic rotation Restore the previous basic rotation by setting the ROTATION ANGLE to the value that you wrote down previously To measure the angle between two sides of a workpiece Fig 2 18 Measuring the angle between two sides of a workpiece Select the BASIC ROTATION probe function ROTATION ANGLE

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