Home

User's Guide to CLShanCommands

1. For the partial differentiations having a Of Oz like form in parentheses in bracket in a square root I have Definitions 42 newcommand aPp 2 left frac partial 1 partial 2 Hright newcommand aPPp 2 Mleft frac partial72 1 partial 272 Hright newcommand aPPpp 3 left frac partial72 1 partial 2 partial 3 right newcommand aPpn 3 left frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Hrisht 2 newcommand bPp 2 left frac partial 1 partial 2 right newcommand bPPp 2 left frac partial 2 1 partial 2 72 right newcommand bPPpp 3 left frac partial72 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 right newcommand bPpn 3 left frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Hright newcommand cPp 2 left frac partial 1 partial 2 right 2 newcommand cPPp 2 left frac partial 2 1 partial 2 2 HrightV newcommand cPPpp 3 left frac partial72 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 right newcommand cPpn 3 left frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Hright newcommand vPp 2 ANleft frac partial 1 partial 2 Hright newcommand vPPp 2 left frac partial 2 1 partial 2 2 right newcommand vPPpp 3 left frac partial72 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 right newcommand vPpn 3 left frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3
2. Definitions newcommand AGrad 1 Big Nnabla 1 NBig newcommand AGradu 2 Big Mnabla 82 1 Big newcommand AGradd 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand BGrad 1 Big nabla 1 NBig l 4 newcommand BGradu 2 Big Nnabla H2 1 Big newcommand BGradd 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand CGrad 1 ABig nabla 1 Big 4 newcommand CGradu 2 Big nabla 2 1 Big newcommand CGradd 2 Big f nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand VGrad 1 Big nabla 1 Big newcommand VGradu 2 Big nabla 2 1 Big newcommand VGradd 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand NGrad 1 ABigWert nabla 1 Big Vert newcommand NGradu 2 Big Vert nabla 2 1 Big Vert newcommand NGradd 2 Big Vert nabla_ 2 1 Big Vert Examples vs AGrad f f MAGradu f x Va f AGradd f Hx 58 Vr BGrad f x y ke y NBGraduff x y x lV f a y NBGraddff x y Hx v f y CGrad x y VF 5 NCGraduff x y x Vs fla VCGradd f x y Hx NA VGrad f ves VGradu f x Ke f VGradd f Hx vs NGrad f v f WGraduf fx v f NGradd f x Furthermore for the normal and enlarged Div family Definitions newcommand aDiv 1 left nabla cdot 1 Nright newcommand bDiv 1 left nabla cdot
3. 60 newcommand VCurl 1 Big nabla times 1 Big newcommand NCur1 1 Big Wert nabla times 1 Big Wert Examples V x A aCurl bf A V x fA NbCurlf f bf A V x fA NeCurlf f bf A V x A vCurl bf A IV x Al nCurl bf A VVXA sCurl bf A VxA NACurlfNbf A Vx A ABCur1t E bf A v x fA NCCur1 bf A lv x Al vCurl bf A lv x a NCurl bf A And for the normal and enlarged Lap family Definitions newcommand aLap 1 left NnablaN 2 1 Nright newcommand bLap 1 left NnablaN 2 1 Nright newcommand cLap 1 left t NnablaNV 2 1 right newcommand vLap 1 left NnablaN 2 1 Nright newcommand nLap 1 left Vert nabla 2 1 right Vert newcommand sLap 1 sqrt nabla 2 1 newcommand ALap 1 Big NnablaV 2 1 MBig newcommand BLap 1 Big NnablaV 2 1 Big J newcommand CLap 1 Big M nabla 2 1 Big 61 newcommand VLap 1 ABig nabla 2 1 Big newcommand NLap 1 Big Wert NnablaN 2 1 Big Wert Examples V7A aLap bf A V fA NbLapf f bf A v fA cLap f bf A V A vLap bf A l V AJ nLap bf A V2A sLap bf A V A ALap bf A v AJ BLap f bf A v7 ra CLap f bf A val VLap bf A
4. Compare with the example of picframe Note that if you just want to insert one picture you can use this pdflatexpicframea command But if you want to insert two pictures you need to use the pdflatexpicframea and pdflatexpicframeb commands See the example for the pgfuseimage command For three pictures please combine the pdflatexpicframea the pdflatexpicframeb and pdflatexpicframec commands See the example for the includegraphics command For the pgfuseimage command Definitions newcommand pdflateximageain 3 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 38cm pgfuseimage 3 end minipage 96 newcommand pdflateximagebin 3 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 77cm pgfuseimage 3 end minipage newcommand pdflateximagecin 3 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 1 28cm pgfuseimage 3 end minipage Parameters 1 shift distance of this frame 2 width of the image 3 name of the image Example pdflateximageain 0 5 5 5 DAMA 4yrs pdflateximagebin 0 8 3 5 DAMA 7yrs Compare with the example of picDframe Note that if you want to insert only one picture you just need to use the pdflateximageain command See the example for the picframe command For three pictures please combine the Npdflateximageain the pdflateximagebin and pdflateximagecin commands See the example for th
5. right Note that I use Paulix Pauliy and NPauliz for these three Pauli matrices although the physicists use usually oz Gy and o to denote them 3 3 Dirac y matrices The system of the Dirac y matrices is a little complicate First the y to 73 73 i 0 Ox gammaa o 0 0 o y Ngammab o 0 0 Oz p gammac o 0 have been defined as Definitions newcommand gammaa renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp sigma_x sigma_x amp 0 end array right newcommand gammab renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp Nsigma_y NV sigma_y amp 0 end array right newcommand gammac renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp sigma_z sigma_z amp 0 end array right where I used as usual a b and c to indicate 1 2 and 3 Note that I used here gammaa gammab and so on for these Dirac gamma matrices not Diraca Diracb etc Moreover for a general case I have these two choices 74 Ngammai o 0 0 ac y Ngammax mu o 0 0 o oj 0 Or 0 ac o 0 you have to use the command gammax j or gammax a Definitions newcommand gammai renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp sigma7i sigma i amp
6. hspace 0 6cm columnleft 4 picframe 7 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 89 1 space width between two neighbor frames 2 width of the left column 3 width of the middle column 4 width of the right column 5 width height and name of the left frame 6 width height and name of the middle frame 7 width height and name of the right frame 41 x 2 2 3 4 text width default 10 8 cm 5 6 7 width height name Here the small t and capital T denote triple and the small and the capital letter are for columns with equal or different width respectively Note that because the number of parameters for one newcommand can be maximum 9 the last three parameters must be written as such form width height name Examples pictframe 0 6 3 2 3 3 Coma Hydra Perseus picTframe 0 3 3 3 4 2 3 3 Coma 3 3 Hydra 3 8 3 Perseus 5 6 Inserting pictures with the pgfuseimage command First I gave an other name for the command pgfuseimage in order to let the commands for this system easily to remember Definition newcommand imagein 1 1 pgfuseimage 1 Example imagein dRdQ Now similar to what I did in the last section I considered the cases of two or three images which have the same or different widths respectively Actually what I had to do is just chan
7. 0 end array right newcommand gammax 1 renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp sigma 1 AN sigma 1 amp 0 end array right Certainly it is useful to define newcommands for matrices involving the momentum or the 4 momentum 0 c gammaV c 0 0 sa gammaVx p op 0 E o i P ganmaVX E_pHp o p E Definitions newcommand gammaV renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp bfG sigma bfG sigma amp 0 end array right newcommand gammaVx 1 renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 0 amp bf G sigma cdot bf 1 bfG sigma cdot bf 1 amp 0 end array right newcommand gammaVX 2 renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left begin array c c 1 amp bfG sigma cdot bf 2 bfG sigma cdot bf 2 amp 1 end array right On the other hand there are two different definitions for y and therefore also two for 7 1 y gammaz 0 6 0 y gammaZ 1 0 y Ngammae 1 1 y NgammaE 0 where the z and Z stand for zero and the e and F indicate 5 76 Definitions newcommand gammaz renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 18 OW 08 1 end array right newcommand gammaZ renewcommand arraystre
8. Hrisht newcommand nPp 2 left Vert frac partial 1 partial 2 right Vert newcommand nPPp 2 left vert frac partial 2 1 partial 2 2 right Vert newcommand nPPpp 3 left Vert frac partial72 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 right Vert newcommand nPpn 3 left Vert frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 right Vert newcommand sPp 2 sqrt frac partial 1 partial 2 gt newcommand sPPp 2 sqrt frac partial 2 1 partial 2 72 gt 3 newcommand sPPpp 3 sqrt frac partial 2 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 Pob newcommand sPpn 3 sqrt frac partial7 3 1 partial 827 83 gt Examples 43 ON EZ S w S S o Sis ee S i s Po to S gt ge az aPp f x aPPp f x aPPpp f x y aPpn f x k NbPp1f x y x NbPPpff x y x bPPpp f x y x y bPpn f x y x k cPp f x y Hx cPPp f x y x cPPpp f x y x y cPpn f x y x k vPp f x vPPp f x vPPpp f x y vPpn f x k 44 O nPp f x Or f IZ nPPp f x gt nPPpp f x y z nPPpp f x y ay nPpn f x k Oxk p o sPp f x Ox of 9 2 sPPp f x of Oz0y sPPpp f x y k au sPpn f x k For sure I defined the following newcommands to enlarge the 0 0
9. k I ka BDd f x x dx 2 d f x NBDDdff x Hx da 2 fly NBDDdd f x y xy ddy k fy BDdn f x y HxHk dx zo NCDaf f x x dx 2 d f x CDDa f x Hx da 2 eres cDDdd f x y Hx Hy ddy k d ite y NCDdnff x y x k dx df VDd f Hx dx d f Ta VDDd f x 2 d f vDDdd x y dady k el VDdn f Hx Hk da 38 df NDd f x dx d f da NDDd f Hx d f NDDdd f x y dady d f NDdn f x k dak Note that there is no such newcommand like Sdd or SDDdd 2 7 Partial differentiations First I defined an abbreviation for the original ATEX command partial as Definition newcommand p partial Then as for the ordinary differentiation I defined the following newcommands Definitions newcommand pp 1 frac partial partial 1 newcommand pppt 1 frac partial 2 partial 172 newcommand pppp 2 frac partial 2 partial 1 partial 2 newcommand ppn 2 frac partial 2 partial 1 2 newcommand Pp 2 frac partial 1 partial 2 3 newcommand PPp 2 frac partial 2 1 partial 272 newcommand PPpp 3 frac partial 2 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 newcommand Ppn 3 frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Here you just have to replace d or D in
10. newcommand CPp 2 Bigg frac partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand CPPp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 1 partial 2 72 Bigg newcommand CPPpp 3 Bigg frac partial72 1 partial 2 Apartial 3 Bigg newcommand CPpn 3 Bigg frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Bigg newcommand VPp 2 Bigg frac partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand VPPp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 1 partial 2 72 Bigg newcommand VPPpp 3 Bigg frac partial 2 1 partial 2 partial 3 Bigg newcommand VPpn 3 Bigg frac partial 3 1 partial H27 83 Bigg newcommand NPp 2 Bigg Vert frac partial 1 partial 2 Bigg Vert newcommand NPPp 2 Bigg Vert frac partial72 1 partial 2 2 Bigg Vert newcommand NPPpp 3 Bigg ert frac partial 2 1 partial 2 Npartial 3 Bigg Vert newcommand NPpn 3 Bigg Vert frac partial 3 1 partial 27 3 Bigg Vert Examples O 2 APp f x Ox o od APPp f x Oz a APPpp f x y Oz y a r Jrk APpn f x k 48 BPp f x y Hx NBPPpff x y x BPPpp f x y x y BPpn f x y x k CPp f x y Hx CPPp f x y x CPPpp f x y x y CPpn f x y x k 2i VPp f x Ox o r VPPp f x Ox 2 Ai VPPpp f x y Oz y k e vPpn f x k Oxk
11. stand for definition Definitions matrix beamer and s for plural of a noun newcommand ext newcommand exst newcommand exsc 1 1 1 tabt Example 1 p 2 5cm p 6cm tabt Examples 1 p 2 5cm p 6cm tabc 1 p 2 5cm p 6cm newcommand exbmt newcommand exbmst newcommand exbmsc 1 1 1 tabt Example 1 1 p 16 55cm tabt Examples 1 p 16 55cm tabc 1 p 16 55cm newcommand parast tabt Parameters 1 3 p 8 925cm newcommand mast newcommand masc vspace 1cm tabt 1 1 p 5cm p 3cm tabc 1 1 p Scm p 3cm Here ex and para stand for example and parameter 99 Definitions newcommand fontt 1 tabt rm 1 1 3 p 9cm p 0 5cm p 6 2cm newcommand fontc 1 vspace 0 5cm tabt rm 1 1 3 p 9cm p 0 5cm p 6 2cm Here font stands just for font Definition newcommand mb 1 Nmakebox 2 5cm c D 1 6 2 New fonts Here I set all newfonts which can be used and I also defined a set of newcommands in order to use some special symbols defined only in the font Note that I didn t defined newcommands for all of the newfonts But I think it is not difficult for you to define a them when you need to use it 6 2 1 Comput
12. 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand cBigg1 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand vBigg1 1 Bigg 1 Bigg Nnewcommand AnBiggl 1 Bigg Vert 1 Bigg and for the right side cases you can replace the l by ar denoting right to the above newcommands Definitions newcommand abigr 1 big 1 Abig newcommand bbigr 1 big 1 Abig newcommand cbigr 1 big 1 big newcommand vbigr 1 big 1 big newcommand nbigr 1 big 1 NbigiVert 21 newcommand aBigr 1 Big 1 Big newcommand bBigr 1 Big 1 NBig newcommand cBigr 1 Big 1 Big newcommand vBigr 1 Big 1 Big newcommand nBigr 1 Big 1 Big Vert newcommand abiggr 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand bbiggr 1 bigg 1 Nbigg newcommand cbiggr 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand vbiggr 1 bigg fi bigg newcommand nbiggr 1 bigg 1 bigg Vert newcommand aBiggr 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand bBiggr 1 Bigg ti Bigg newcommand cBiggr 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand vBiggr 1 Bigg ti Bigg newcommand nBiggr 1 4NBigg 1 Bigg Vert Note here that I didn t define a newcommand such like ambiggl or vmBiggr for the enlargement of brackets with parameters having a minus sign Examples z abigl x z bbigl x z cbigl x z vbigl x z
13. 4 text width default 10 8 cm 5 6 7 scale xxx eps Note that because the number of parameters for one newcommand can be maximum 9 the last three parameters must be written as such form scale xxx eps Examples epstin 0 6 3 2 0 2 Coma Hydra Perseus epsTin 0 3 3 3 4 2 scale 0 2 Coma eps scale 0 3 Hydra eps scale 0 2 Perseus eps 5 8 Using of the pdflatex command When I used the pdflatex command to typeset my files I found a problem although I used the center or the flushright environment I always saw the pictures on the left of the column The solution of this problem use the hspace command to fix the position of each picture For a frame of picture I defined these three Nnewcommands for one or two or even three pictures on one row Definitions newcommand pdflatexpicframea 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 38cm picframe 2 3 4 end minipage newcommand pdflatexpicframeb 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 77cm picframe 2 3 4 end minipage newcommand pdf latexpicframec 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 1 28cm picframe 2 3 4 end minipage Parameters 1 shift distance of this frame 2 width of the frame 3 height of the frame 4 name of the frame Example pdflatexpicframea 3 4 4 3 dRdQ
14. 4yrs 0 35 DAMA 7yrs Three eps images have the same width Definition newcommand epstin 6 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 includegraphics scale 3 4 eps Ncolumncenter H1 47 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 2 includegraphics scale 3 5 eps columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 2 includegraphics scale 3 6 eps end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 94 1 space width between two neighbor eps images 2 common column width 3 common scale for three eps images 4 name of the left eps image 5 name of the middle eps image 6 name of the right eps image 1 x 2 2 x 3 text width default 10 8 cm Three eps images have different widths Definition newcommand epsTin 7 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 includegraphics 5 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 3 includegraphics 6 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 4 includegraphics 7 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 space width between two neighbor eps images 2 width of the left column 3 width of the middle column 4 width of the right column 5 scale for and name of the left eps image 6 scale for and name of the middle eps image 7 scale for and name of the right eps image 41 x 2 2 3
15. Big newcommand Np 1 Big Vert partial 1 Big Vert newcommand Npu 2 Big Vert partial 2 1 Big Vert newcommand Npd 2 Big Vert partial_ 2 1 Big Vert Note that the A B C V and N here stand not for the largest commands Bigg but for the larger ones Big Examples of Mpffl af Apu f Hx asf Apd f Hx lar e y BpttG y 3 ery Bpult HOOD as f x 9 Bpd f x y Hx afew Nep arse cputt y Hx Tafe Cpd f x y Hx lay vptt o f Vpu f Hx On f Vpa f Hx Wl we or Npu f Hx rf Npa f Hx 52 2 8 Operators involving V The newcommands for the basic operators involving V have been defined as Definitions newcommand del nabla newcommand Grad nabla newcommand Div nabla cdot newcommand Cur1 nabla times newcommand Lap nabla 2 Examples del Grad Div Vx Curl Vv Lap Certainly I have also some useful newcommands for the usual use of the operators in a bracket in a square root or in simple types The del family Definitions newcommand adel 1 left Nnabla 1 Nright newcommand adelu 2 left nabla 2 1 Nright newcommand adeld 2 left nabla_ 2 1 Nright newcommand bdel1 1 f left Nnabla 1 Nright newcommand bdelu 2 left nabla 2 1 Nright
16. Md 4172 Bigg newcommand Bdddd 2 Bigg Nfracfd 2 d 1 d 2 Bigg newcommand Bddn 2 Bigg frac d 2 d 1 2 Bigg newcommand Cdd 1 Bigg fracf d Md 1 Bigg newcommand Cddd 1 Bigg frac d 2 Md 172 MNBiggU newcommand Cdddd 2 Bigg Nfracfd2 d 1 dH2MNBiggU newcommand Cddn 2 Bigg frac d 2 d 1 2 Bigg newcommand Vdd 1 Bigg Nfracfd Md 1 Bigg newcommand Vddd 1 Bigg Nfracfd 2 Md 172 Bigg newcommand Vdddd 2 Bigg Nfracfd 2 d 1 d 2 Bigg newcommand Vddn 2 Bigg frac d 2 d 1 2 Bigg newcommand Ndd 1 Bigg Vert frac d Md 1 Bigg Vert newcommand Nddd 1 Bigg Vert frac d 2 d 172 Bigg Vert newcommand Ndddd 2 Bigg Vert frac d 2 Hd 1 d 2 Bigg Vert 1 2 Bigg Vert Examples d de Add x 2 is Addd x z d2 au Adddd x y is Addn x k J Bdd x Bdd d x a Bd dddt x B ddn x k a Cdd x i Cdd d x da l d dddt x NC ddn x 1 k ie Vdd x Vdd d x a Vd ddd x NV l ddn x 1 k iz Ndd x Ndd d x Nd i ddd x N l ddn x k 36 Corresponding to NaDd NvDDdd and so on I have Definition
17. Typewriter Series FF ug 101 6 2 4 Computer Modern Fonts Sans Serif Series FFF I ug 102 6 2 5 Computer Modern Fonts Other Letters FF I ee 102 6 2 6 Computer Modern Fonts Mathematical Series I ug 103 6 2 7 AMS Mathematical Symbols LLL 103 6 2 8 AMS Bulet Fonts ss eae yeaa Pee Sek WEW Aege ba CEE ER OR Ee EEL ES 104 6 2 9 Washington Cyrillic Fonts FFF FFF I I I YG 104 63 Vignoreand N wit h wa dI eae OE ba EE Ee a a a eee ee RD RR a eS 105 TFresh defined newcommands 1 Abbreviations I defined some abbreviations for the long commands which have been used very often 1 1 displaystyle or textstyle Sometimes I want to use textstyle in a equation to reduce the size of some big parts of this equation such like sinh 2K 2 ka 2Ka to 2V Ka and sometimes I want to use Ndisplaystyle in a table or an array environment to remain the size of some elements for example as b 2 I m lazy to type a long command and it is also easy to make a typing mistake Hence I defined two abbreviations for them Definitions newcommand D displaystyle newcommand T textstyle 1 2 equation and egnarray environments For the eguation and egnarray environments with eguation numbers I defined the following abbreviations Definitions newcommand beq beginfequation newcommand eeq end equation newcommand beqn begin
18. cmsbfsfxii cmssdc10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Sans Serif Quotation newfont cmsfqviii cmssq8 Computer Modern Sans Serif Quotation inclined newfont cmsfqiviii cmssqi8 6 2 5 Computer Modern Fonts Other Letters Computer Modern Dunhill newfont cmdunx cmdunh10 newfont cmdunxii f cmdunh10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Funny Roman newf ont cmfurmx cmf 10 newfont cmfurmxii cmff10 scaled magstepi 102 Computer Modern Funny Italics newfont cmfuitx cmfi10 newfont cmfuitxii cmfi10 scaled magstep1i Computer Modern Fibnocci newfont cmfibviii cmfib8 6 2 6 Computer Modern Fonts Mathematical Series Computer Modern Mathematical Italics newfont cmmathitx cmmi10 newfont cmmathitxii cmmi12 newcommand cmmathitsya 1 newcommand cmmathitsyc 1 cmmathitx symbol 1 cmmathitxii symbol 1 Computer Modern Mathematical Bold newfont cmmathbfx cmmib10 newfont cmmathbfxii cmmib10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Symbols newfont cmsyx cmsy10 newfont cmsyxii cmsy10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Bold Symbols newfont cmbfsyx cmbsy10 newfont cmbfsyxii cmbsy10 scaled magstep1 6 2 7 AMS Mathematical Symbols AMS Mathematical Symbol A newfont amssyax msam10 n
19. multicolumn 4 c 1 newcommand ec 1 multicolumn 5 c 1 newcommand ecl 1 multicolumn 5 c 1 newcommand ecr 1 multicolumn 5 c 1 On the other hand sometimes we want not only to combine more columns but also to use the same element For such cases we can simply extend the above system to the following one with a T stands for text 81 Definitions newcommand bcT multicolumn 2 c f newcommand bc1T multicolumn 2 c f newcommand bcrT multicolumn 2 c f newcommand b1T multicolumn 2 1 f newcommand b11T multicolumn 2 1 f newcommand blrT multicolumn 2 1 H newcommand brT multicolumn 2 r f newcommand br1T multicolumn 2 r f newcommand brrT multicolumn 2 r H where the denotes the fixed text which need to be used more times 4 2 makebox command Definitions newcommand mbxc 2 makebox 1 cm c 2 newcommand mbx1 2 makebox 1 cm 1 2 newcommand mbxr 2 makebox 1 cm r 2 9 P Here I used mbx as an abbreviation for makebox and also c and to indicate the position of the element Moreover similar to what I did with the multicolumn command we can define newcommands with a fixed element or with a fixed
20. nbigl x 22 NaBigl x 2 NbBigl x 2 cBigl x72 vBigl x 2 nBigl x 2 8 abiggl x72 bbiggl x72 cbiggl x 2 vbiggl x 2 Nnbiggl x 2 aBiggl x72 bBiggl x72 cBiggl x 2 vBiggl x 2 NnBiggl1 x 2 z abigr x z bbigr x a cbigr x a vbigr x z nbigr x 23 aBigr x 2 bBigr x 2 j x cBigr x 2 z vBigr x 2 2 nBigr x 2 P abiggr x 2 3 bbiggr x 2 a cbiggr x 2 g Nvbiggri x 2 r nbiggr x 2 aBiggr x 2 cBiggr x 2 s bBiggr x 2 i vBiggr x 2 r nBiggr x 2 2 4 Accents First I had to use the triple dot of x in classical mechanics Hence I defined this newcommand Definition newcommand tdot stackrel cdots where the t stands for triple Example a tdot a On the other hand when we use the original ATEX commands for accents in the math mode such like bar H Ntildef0 and hat T we will get H O and T I personally don t like them First they have been always printed in the italic type Second the accents above the letters are not wide enough The best solution of these two problems is to define more Nnewcommands for different types and sizes of accents For the Nbar family I have Definitions newcommand Bar overline newcomm
21. sp 2 3 _ 4 Note that the definitions of the above newcommands have been also modified in Version 4 0 Examples 2P s1j 2 P Pra Ns1j42HP 41 2 215 ns1j 2 1 S 0 And for the norder symbol in the quantum field theory Definition newcommand Norder 1 4 Example d Norder phi_1 2 12 Traces In the quantum field theory the trace of a matrix or a product of a few matrices has been always calculated This means that I should define some shorter commands for them 67 Definitions newcommand tr it tr newcommand Tr it Tr newcommand rmtr rm tr newcommand rmTr rm Tr newcommand bftr bf tr newcommand bfTr bf Tr where the rm and bf stand for roman and bold face print types Examples tr tr Tr Tr tr rmtr Tr rmTr tr bftr Tr NbfTr 2 13 Slashs Like the Trs in the quantum field theory and the elementary particle physics you can always find some slash s of 4 momenta So just define some newcommands Definitions newcommand xslash 1 mbox not hspace 0 4ex 1 newcommand xpslash 1 mbox not hspace 0 4ex 1 V newcommand xdpslash 1 mbox not hspace 0 4ex 1 7 Here p stands for prime and dp stands for double prime Examples K x
22. sqrt Mfrac d Md 1 right newcommand sddd 1 sqrt Nfracfd 2 Md 4172 right newcommand sdddd 2 sqrt frac d 2 Hd 1 d 2 right newcommand sddn 2 sqrt frac d 2 d 1 2 right Examples 31 a cdd x 2 cddd x d2 c cdddd x y dE aah cddn x k a vdd x 2 Us vddd x d2 E vdddd x y d Jak vddn x k a ndd x 2 5 nddd x d2 lal ndddd x y dE EPE nddn x k a sdd x 2 sddd x d2 REM sdddd x y dk Trk sddn x k For the differentiations which have df dz form I have Definitions 32 newcommand nDdn 3 left Vert frac d 3 1i d newcommand cDd 2 left Nfracfd 1 d 2 right newcommand cDDd 2 left Mfrac d 2 1 d 2 2 right newcommand cDDdd 3 left Mfrac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 right newcommand cDdn 3 left frac d 3 1 d 2 3 right newcommand vDd 2 left Nfracfd 1 d 2 right newcommand vDDd 2 left XMfrac d 2 1 d 2 2 right newcommand vDDdd 3 left frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 right newcommand vDdn 3 left XMfrac d H3 1 d 2 3 right newcommand nDd 2 left Vert frac d 1 d 2 right Vert newcommand nDDd 2 left Vert frac d 2 1 d 2 2 right Vert ne
23. width of the box 33 I Definitions newcommand mbxcT 1 makebox 1 cm c newcommand mbx1T 1 makebox 1 cm 1 newcommand mbxrT 1 makebox 1 cm r newcommand mbxcW 1 makebox cm c 1 newcommand mbx1W 1 makebox cm 1 1 newcommand mbxrW 1 makebox cm r 1 or even both of them 82 Definitions newcommand mbxcWT makebox cm c newcommand mbx1WT makebox cm 1 newcommand mbxrWT makebox cm r where the W stands for the fixed width of the box 5 Beamer Class I defined some newcommands specially for the beamer class the CLShanCommands Beamer tex file and the clshan beamer sty package Please note here you must use the CLShanCommands Math tex file or the clshan math sty package at first and then the CLShanCommands Beamer tex file or the clshan beamer sty package 5 1 equation and eqnarray environments For a presentation we usually show eguations without eguation numbers This means that we only need the NT AM and the egnarray environments Meanwhile equations in the Nnormalsize are for me too large to use on one slide I can give too less eguations and information as I hope Hence I defined now and just for the beamer class the newcommands which I suggested you in section 1 3 the Neqin and the eqnin with the Nfootnot
24. you can use this newcommand Definition newcommand picdframe 6 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 picframe 3 4 5 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 1 2 picframe 3 4 6 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Here the parameters have been defined as Parameters 87 1 space width between these two frames 2 common column width 3 common width of the two frames 4 common height of the two frames 5 name of the left frame 6 name of the right frame 1 2 x 2 text width default 10 8 cm Note here that the sum of the widths of the two columns and the space between them i e 1 2 x 2 must be equal to the width of the text The default of the text width is 10 8 cm For the case in which two frames have different widths I defined a Nnewcommand with 9 parameters sorry Definition newcommand picDframe 9 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 picframe 4 5 6 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 3 picframe 7 8 9 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0O 1cm Here the parameters have been defined as Parameters 1 space width between these two frames 2 width of the left column 3 width of the right column 4 width of the left frame 5 height of the left frame 6 name of the left frame 7 width of the right frame 8 heig
25. 040 amp 1 707 amp 07 amp 0 WN 160 amp 07 end array right newcommand lambdae renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left beginfarray c c c 707 amp 0 amp i 707 amp 0 amp O MW iy amp 0 amp 0 end array right 79 NaewcommandfNlambdaf renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 leftL beginfarray c c c 707 amp 07 amp O 707 amp 0 amp 1 06 1 amp 07 end array right newcommand lambdag renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c 04082 O MW 707 amp 0 amp i 70 amp i amp O end array right newcommand lambdah frac 1 sqrt 3 renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left beginfarray c c c 1408 ON or amp 1 amp ON 707 amp 0 amp 2 end array right Here I used a b h to indicate 1 2 8 4 Tables All of the Nnewcommands introduced in this section have not been defined in my CLShanCommands Math tex file Because there could be many actually too many variations of the commands with tiny differences Hence I personally prefer to define some of them in the preamble of a new created file when I really need them and perhaps trwrite the definitions more suitable 4 1 multicolumn command Definitions newcommand bc 1 multicolumn 2 c 1 newcommand bcl 1 multicolumn 2 c 1 newcommand bcr 1 m
26. 1 Nright newcommand cDiv 1 left t nabla cdot 1 right newcommand vDiv 1 left nabla cdot 1 right newcommand nDiv 1 left Vert nabla cdot 1 right Vert newcommand sDiv 1 sqrt 1 nabla cdot 1 3 newcommand ADiv 1 Big nabla cdot 1 Big newcommand BDiv 1 Big nabla cdot 1 Big 3 newcommand CDiv 1 Big M nabla cdot 1 Big 59 newcommand VDiv 1 Big nabla cdot 1 Big 3 newcommand NDiv 1 Big Wert nabla cdot 1 Big Vert Examples V A aDiv bf A V FAJ bDiv f bf A V fA cDiv f bf A IV A vDiv bf A llV Al nDiv bf A VV A sDiv bf A 7 2 ADiv bf A v A NBDivf bf A v Ga CDiv bf A v a NVDivfNbf A v a NDiv bf A For the normal and enlarged Cur1 family Definitions newcommand aCur1 1 left nabla times 1 right newcommand bCur1 1 ANleft nabla times 1 right newcommand cCur1 1 left nabla times 1 right newcommand vCur1 1 left nabla times 1 Nright newcommand nCurl 1 left Vert nabla times 1 right Vert newcommand sCurl 1 sqrt f nabla times 1 Pob NnewcommandfNACur1 1 Big nabla times 1 NBig newcommand BCurl 1 Big nabla times 1 Big newcommand CCurl 1 Big M nabla times 1 NBig
27. 27 Examples Axis x R axis x 0 axisG theta 2 6 Differentiations For a differentiation such like d f dady we need a series of commands left frac d 2 f dx dy right It is for sure very convenient to define some Nnewcommands as Definitions newcommand dd 1 frac d Ha 1 newcommand ddd 1 frac d 2 Ha 172 newcommand dddd 2 frac d 2 Hda 1 d 2 newcommand ddn 2 frac d 2 d 1 2 newcommand Dd 2 frac d 1i d 2 newcommand DDd 2 frac d 2 1 d 2 2 F newcommand DDdd 3 frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 newcommand Ddn 3 frac d 3 1 d 2 3 These commands look complicate But they are actually very convenient to remember and use First we need to know how many d s there are in this expression d dd counts as 2 If there is also the differentiated function e g f here then we write down a capital D otherwise we just write down a small d Second we write down what we want to differentiate and with respect to what we differentiate Note here that first for x you just need to give an x as parameter this time second if there is no differentiated function you don t need to can not write for the lack differentiate function This is why the numbers of parameter in the first box above are always one parameter less than those in the second box Now I give the examples to let you u
28. 2i NPp f x Ox o f a NPPp f x 2 of NPPpp f x y Oz y k aT NPpn f x k Oxk 49 Finally for simple types of the partial differentiations such like O f I have also defined some Nnewcommands as following Definitions newcommand ap 1 left partial 1 Nright newcommand apu 2 left Npartial 82 1 Nright newcommand apd 2 left partial_ 2 1 right newcommand bp 1 left partial 1 Nright newcommand bpu 2 left partial 2 1 Nright newcommand bpd 2 left partial_ 2 1 right newcommand cp 1 left partial 1 right newcommand cpu 2 left partial 2 1 right newcommand cpd 2 left partial_ 2 1 right newcommand vp 1 left partial 1 Nright newcommand vpu 2 left Npartial H2 1 Nright newcommand vpd 2 left partial_ 2 1 Nright newcommand np 1 left Vert partial 1 right Vert newcommand npu 2 left Vert partial 2 1 right Vert newcommand npd 2 left Vert partial_ 2 1 right Vert newcommand Sp 1 sqrt partial 1 Pob newcommand spu 2 sqrt 1 partial 2 1 newcommand spd 2 sqrt 1 partial_ 2 1 Pob where the u and d stand for up and down mean supscript and subscript respectively Note here that the
29. 375ex 1 newcommand sechn 1 rm sech 1 newcommand sechnx 2 rm sech 1 hspace 0 385ex 2 newcommand csch rm csch newcommand cschx 1 rm csch hspace 0 375ex 1 newcommand cschn 1 rm csch 1 newcommand cschnx 2 rm csch 1 hspace 0 385ex 2 Here I defined two commands sech and sechx for sech function Because for the other IATFX defined special functions the space between the function sech and the argument such like z is a little bigger than that between sech and the argument for example x Meanwhile I also defined two commands sechn and sechnx for powers of the sech function because we also need an a little bigger space between sech and x than a Moreover if we use a command such like sechx 2 x than we will get sech z the space stands between the function sech and the power 2 not what we want between the function with the power 2 sech and the argument z Below I give you examples for every defined commands above to let you understand the differences Examples 12 sech x sechx x sech z sech x sech z sechnx k x sech x sechn k x csch z cschx x csch z Nesch x esch x cschnx k x eschX z cschn k x On the other hand I also defined the error functions Definitions newcommand erf rm erf newcommand erfc rm erfc and the Airy functions Defin
30. 5 Greek letters in the bold face print type Sometimes I have to use the greek letters as vectors or axes in physics But the series of command for a greek letter in bold face type is too long to type and too complicate to remember So just define a simple Nnewcommand for always Definition newcommand bfG 1 mbox boldmath 1 26 Furthermore I defined some newcommands for the cases with accents as following Definitions newcommand bbfG 1 bar mbox boldmath 1 newcommand BbfG 1 overline mbox boldmath 1 newcommand tbfG 1 tilde mbox boldmath 1 newcommand TbfG 1 widetilde mbox boldmath 1 newcommand hbfG 1 hat mbox boldmath 1 newcommand HbfG 1 widehat mbox boldmath 1 Examples w bf G omega E bbfG xi 2 NBbfG NOmega tbfG xi 2 Tb G Omega VhbfG Xxi Q HbfG Omega On the other hand it is convenient for physicists to have some commands for the axes of the coordinate systems specially For the Cartisian coordinates I have Definitions newcommand Axis 1 hspace 0 375ex widehat bf e _ 1 newcommand axis 1 hspace 0 375ex widehat bf 1 and for the spherical and cylindrical coordinates Definition newcommand axisG 1 hspace 0 375ex widehat mbox boldmath 1
31. 7 amp 07 amp 0 707 amp 07 amp 17 amp 0 00860 860 amp 17 end array right where I used the letter b c or d to indicate 2 3 or 4 because we can not define newcommands involving numbers On the other hand sometimes we need a matrix with vectors or smaller identity matrices as elements Hence I defined these identity matrices 1 0 MdentityB 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 NIdentityC 0 0 1 Definitions newcommand IdentityB renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left begin array c c bf 1 amp 0 0 amp bf 1 end array right newcommand IdentityC renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c bf 1 amp 076 OW 0786 bf 1 amp OW 07 O 7 amp bf 1 end array right Note here that I didn t define an IdentityD matrix 3 2 Pauli matrices The three Pauli matrices 72 0 1 Or Paulix 1 0 0 i dy NPauliy i 0 1 0 O NPauliz 0 1 have also been defined Definitions newcommand Paulix renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left begin array c c o gt amp 1 17 amp 70 end array right newcommand Pauliy renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 08 i i amp O end array right newcommand Pauliz renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 leftL begin farray c c 1 amp 0 08 1 end array
32. 9 2 15 Miscellanea aaa a Be PRE Mh cl CIC A A do cU RR GO Ow eed ew a a SRS Ee EOS 70 Matrices 71 3 1 Identity matrices lt 3 i224 4 RR ee ee RARE WE ada ORAS BR GR GR EE A 71 3 2 Pauli maties ea 244 6 4 2 Pedy a et tale ae eee FAS CO FFENS AT Ha 72 3 3 Dirac Matrices caa 6 hee ae A a a Ge ae ww RRA So A eG ee Ra A 73 3 4 Gell Mann A matrices ssc ocos Lr 77 Tables 80 41 multicolumn command ss ss sss ssas bce eee 4 o eee eS ew GO 6 eee 80 42 Nmakebox command 222 6842 Sk Ra Eee EERE Eee SERS SEL ewe Ng ee es 82 Beamer Class 83 5 1 equation and egnarray environments FF I I A 83 5 2 Redefining the newcommands for the eqnarray environment in Section 1 3 84 59 Colors 42 4 540 244 644 dw be DA Ub wa Gb do be hd Ga Ved ye ee bbe d dda 85 5 4 Column environment ss a sa ae o WW WW RRR EE 6 6 ha Fay Du eR Re ee Td Tn Tn 86 5 5 Frames for inserting pictures 2 FFF ee 86 5 6 Inserting pictures with the pgfuseimage command FFF ug 90 5 7 Inserting pictures with the includegraphics command 200 93 5 8 Using of the pdflatex command FFF I GG I Yg 95 Miscellaneous 98 6 1 Nnewcommands used in this Users Guide LL Lore 98 62 New fonts su sc cee ED O bbb RO Shea DOD Dd GAS AE RR eee eed Pee a dy 100 6 2 1 Computer Modern Fonts Upright and Inclined Fonts 44 111 100 6 2 2 Computer Modern Fonts Bold Fonts FF ee eee 101 6 2 3 Computer Modern Fonts
33. I for a smaller space than 7 Note here that I redefined these three commands the only three commands which I redefined amp and their original definitions are amp a and But I thought that it is pretty natural to use such names for the newcommands which have been considered to replace the commands amp amp amp and 7 On the other hand I use their original definitions in fact very seldom Thus these definitions are very convenient for me and when I need to type amp a and like here I can use the following replacements Symbols Original commands in IATEX My replacements amp N amp symbol 46 a a bar rm a N 1a tilde rm a Finally I defined an abbreviation for writing my note conveniently Definition newcommand then Longrightarrow Example Nthen Below I give you an example to show you how to combine these newcommands Example Nbegn Nthen Nsin x N Nsum_fk 0 fNinfty frac 1 k V x 2k 1 2k 1 non amp approx amp x frac x 3 6 frac x75 120 eeqn og 1 g2kti gt sin z gt Z Qk DI r3 r E 1 Bi Fo 1 1 3 More newcommands for the egnarray environment At first I redefined the amp command in TX see Section 1 2 in order to reduce the default space when we use an amp in the egnarray environment Then I redefined the command
34. Modern Typewriter newfont cmttx cmtt10 newfont cmttxii cmtt12 newcommand cmttsya 1 newcommand cmttsyc 1 cmttx symbol 1 cmttxii symbol 1 Computer Modern Italic Typewriter newfont cmitttx cmitt10 newfont cmitttxii cmitt10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Slanted Typewriter newfont cmslttx cms1tt10 newfont cmslttxii cmsltt10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Caps and Small Caps Typewriter newfont cmcscttx cmtcsc10 newfont cmcscttxii cmtcsc10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Variable Typewriter newfont cmvttx cmvtt10 newfont cmvttxii cmvtt10 scaled magstep1 101 Computer Modern Typewriter Extension newfont cmttexx cmtex10 newfont cmttexxii cmtex10 scaled magstep1 newcommand cmttexsya 1 newcommand cmttexsyc 1 cmttexx symbol 1 cmttexxii symbol 1 6 2 4 Computer Modern Fonts Sans Serif Series Computer Modern Sans Serif newfont cmsfx cmss10 newfont cmsfxii cmss12 Computer Modern Slanted Sans Serif newfont cmslsfx cmssi10 newfont cmslsfxii cmssi12 Computer Modern Bold Sans Serif newfont cmbfsfx cmssbx10 newfont cmbfsfxii cmssbx10 scaled magstep1i Computer Modern Semi Bold Sans Serif newfont cmsbfsfx cmssdc10 newfont
35. User s Guide to CLShanCommands Chung Lin Shan Version 4 2 Update November 28 2006 I wrote this User s Guide to help you to understand my newcommands system in the CLShanCommands Math tex and the CLShanCommands Beamer tex files and to use them conveniently You can just take my definitions of these newcommands if you like them On the other hand if you have some better ideas you can also modify some of my definitions to your favorite style Meanwhile if you want please share me your good ideas For Version 2 1 I added a few new newcommands in the CLShanCommands Math tex file see Sections 2 3 and 2 15 Furthermore I rewrote the CLShanCommands Math tex and the CLShanCommands Beamer tex files to two packages the clshan math sty and the clshan beamer sty files This means that you have now two choices to use my newcommands You can copy or link two tex files in the dictionary in which you work and input or include them to your own files But if you use TEX 2e instead of ATX you use Ndocumentclass instead of Ndocumentstyle in the first line of your files it should be a better and more convenient way to use the usepackage clshan math and usepackage clshan beamer commands If you use MiKTeX to compile your tex files you can put the clshan math sty and the clshan beamer sty files in the for example C MiKTeX tex latex clshan dictionary and then open the MiKTeX Options in the Accessories in the Toolbar to Refresh the Files name
36. alto sqrt Q left right 0 3 32 2 3 1 6 0 05 2 15 Miscellanea For the geometry we need some expressions such like AB or A Tm too lazy to type long commands but like to give then a new and shorter name Definitions newcommand Line overline newcommand para 3 Examples AB Line AB Ay A_ para Similarly I also defined a shorter newcommand for the summation symbol with two subscripts Definition newcommand sumd 2 sum_ stackrel scriptstyle 1 2 where the d stands for double subscripts Example sumd i 1 i ne j N NE H II GM 70 3 Matrices I also defined a few basic matrices in guantum mechanics and high energy physics 3 1 Identity matrices The 2 x 2 3 x 3 and 4 x 4 identity matrices 1 0 k Identityb 0 1 1 0 0 B 0 1 0 Identityc 0 0 1 1 0 O 0 0 1 0 0 L Identityd 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 have been defined as following Definitions newcommand Identityb renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left begin array c c 17 amp 0 0 amp 1 end array Nright newcommand Identityc renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 leftL beginfarray c c c 717 amp 07 amp 0 081807 076 07 6 17 end array right 71 newcommand Identityd renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c c 14080 amp 0 707 amp 1
37. and brm 1 bar rm 1 newcommand Brm 1 overline rm 1 newcommand bbf 1 bar bf 1 newcommand Bbf 1 overline bf 1 Here rm and bf stand for roman and bold face types came directly form the TEX commands for these two types rm and bf and I used as usual the capital letter B for wide bar Moreover the tilde and wide tilde family have been defined as Definitions newcommand td tilde newcommand Td widetilde newcommand trm 1 tilde rm 1 newcommand Trm 1 widetilde rm 1 newcommand tbf 1 tilde bf 1 newcommand Tbf 1 widetilde bf 1 where the capital T stands for wide tilde The newcommands for hat and wide hat are Definitions newcommand h widehat newcommand hrm 1 nat rm 1 newcommand Hrm 1 widehat rm 1 newcommand hbf 1 nat bf 1 newcommand Hbf 1 4 widehat bf 1 Note that the newcommand for wide hat has been defined as Nh with the small letter h because the command MI has already defined as original ATEX command for A Hf a Examples U Bar U J brm J U Brm U J bbf J U Bbf U J td J U Ta U J trm J U Trm U J tbf J U NTbf U a h a I hrm I U Hrm U I hbf I u MHbf U 2
38. bbreviations 3 Ll displaystyle or textstyle s ssy wama Y RA Y EU yW y FA yD RD RONA RW A RA Y 3 1 2 equation and eqnarray environments FF I GG I I Yu 3 1 3 More newcommands for the eqnarray environment e e 1 5 1 4 Changing equation numbers e PESOS e T 1 5 Suggestions for the equation and egnarray environments e e a 9 1 6 Suggestions for the figure and table environments e a 10 Mathematical Symbols 12 2 1 Special functions ss o 2 2 2 kde ae A A RA WW AR WG a NG eee ER 12 2 2 Fractions in brackets absolute values norms and square roots of fractions 15 2 3 Brackets absolute values and norms La Lae aaa a aaa wa a aaa 17 2 4 ACCOM ua kA Gl in REEG SMA OREM DO TG MA W REE ER Md a Dd REGS ROE AWK ACE ZE 24 2 5 Greek letters in the bold face print type FFF ee 26 50 Diferentiations MT Med wkd eyra aa a De a HR I OOOO ee ob RRB 28 2 7 Partialdifferentiations eu YAA RR ER BREED RR AAA EU Yy AR AA 39 23 Operators involving V 4 2 00 WY amp GEES WDD FYD RG UR SHEE 53 20 ATIOWSR ss aa di ND A A Sadie oe MSG modA RYANA A 62 2 10 Bras kets and expectation Values LL LA 64 gt IRONII symbols TY O Y e EN PER HU A KASZ 66 2 12 Traces s sg fe a eRe OEA NN FFF ee ee eee eee hE GW A 67 ZAS Slashss a 4 4h ge eae eh RE Oe HESS Be eR eR OD OES Sd FN OD YNO Gn Se IB 68 2 14 Neliminate and equalto cy eee eee ee RR GA eR DU RW eee WA 6
39. command Lgetsto longleftarrow longrightarrow 63 newcommand Getsto Leftrightarrow newcommand 1Getsto Longleftrightarrow newcommand LGetsto Longleftarrow Longrightarrow Note that you don t need to can not write a command such like GetsTo or LGetsTo for a double line arrow Examples lt getsto lgetsto NLgetsto NGetsto lt gt 1Getsto lt NLGetsto Moreover it seems for the elementary particle physicists very convenient and simpler to remember if we rename the upward and downward arrows as spin up and spin down Definitions newcommand spinU uparrow newcommand spinD downarrow Examples T NspinU l NspinD 2 10 Bras kets and expectation values In quantum mechanics we use very often the bra and ket symbols x and x it is for sure worth to define some Nnewcommands for them Definitions newcommand bra 1 langle textstyle 1 newcommand ket 1 textstyle 1 rangle newcommand Bra 1 left lt 1 1 right newcommand Ket 1 f left 1 right gt 64 As usual I used here the capital B and K for the cases with larger arguments Examples p bra psi w ket psi Bra psi 0 lY Ket psi 0 Certainly I considered the cases of the bra and ket symbols wi
40. d 2 3 right Examples d 2 Naddfx 2 addd x v d2 Tr z adddd x y dE z addn x k c d Fa bdd x d Fa bddd x d2 EA bdddd x y dE z bddn x k aDd f x da d f z aDDd f x d f aDDdd f x y dady k Gl aDdn f x k dak 30 Eo NeDd f x Hx da 2 d f x NbDDdff x Hx da 2 L few bDDda f x y HxHy ddy k d f x y bDdn f x y x k dak Moreover in order to complete my a b c v n s system for differentiations I added the following newcommands for the expressions which have d da form Definitions newcommand cdd 1 left frac d Md 1 right newcommand cddd 1 left frac d 2 Md 4172 right newcommand cdddd 2 left frac d 2 Hd 1 d 2 right newcommand cddn 2 left frac d 2 d 1 2 right newcommand vdd 1 left Nfracfd Md 1 right newcommand vddd 1 left frac d 2 Md 172 right newcommand vdddd 2 left frac d 2 Hda 1 d 2 right newcommand vddn 2 left frac d 2 d 1 2 right newcommand ndd 1 left Vert frac d Md 1 right Vert newcommand nddd 1 left Vert frac d 2 Had 172 right Vert newcommand ndddd 2 left Vert frac d 2 f d 1 d 2 right Vert newcommand nddn 2 left Vert frac d 2 d 1 2 right Vert newcommand sdd 1
41. database Then you can use the usepackage clshan math and usepackage clshan beamer commands directly For Version 3 0 I added more new newcommands in the CLShanCommands Math tex file see Sections 1 3 1 4 and 2 14 Meanwhile in order to use these newcommands in the beamer class I redefined the newcommands in Section 1 3 in the CLShanCommands Beamer tex file detail see Section 5 2 For Version 3 1 I added a few newcommands in Section 2 3 In Version 4 0 I completed my a b c v n s and A B C V N systems for brackets absolute values and norms in Section 2 3 for differentiations in Section 2 6 for partial differentiations in Section 2 7 and for the operators involving V in Section 2 8 On the other hand I modified my definitions for the atomic symbols in Section 2 11 In Version 4 1 I corrected some of my newcommands for changing equation numbers in section 1 4 In Version 4 2 I added two Nnewcommands for changing eguation numbers in section 1 4 Finally if you find this User s Guide to CLShanCommands too thick to read since the Version 4 0 it is already more than one hundred pages and want just a quick view of my newcommands and their examples it is convenient for you to use my CLShanCmds Examples Math tex or CLShanCmds Examples Math pdf files for my mathematical symbols in Section 2 and my CLShanCmds Examples Matrix tex or CLShanCmds Examples Matrix pdf files for the matrices in Section 3 Contents 1 A
42. def above Note here that whether there the X N and x is and their order in these newcommands can remind you how to give the parameters For the two eguations above I can use the following three commands Examples cheqnXNx def 3 a cheqnXb def cheqnX def Because we usually use the commands Ncheqn and cheqnX to change the label of the equation number back I also gave each of them an other name Definitions newcommand reeqn renewcommand theequation arabic equation newcommand reeqnX 1 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation where the re stands for return Then the two examples above can be rewritten as Examples cheqnNx 3 a cheqnb reeqn cheqnXNx def 3 a cheqnXb def reeqnX def Finally sometimes we label an equation and use it later q3 r5 snr r 5 t i0 or sometimes we change this equation a little bit KRZY 4a q3 r sing x 1 6 120 Hence I defined the following three newcommands 4a Definitions newcommand chegqnref 1 1 renewcommand theequation ref 1 newcommand cheqnrefp 1 renewcommand theequation ref 1 newcommand cheqnrefdp 1 4 renewcommand theequation ref 1 where the ref stands for the BTEX command ref p stands for prime and dp stands for double prime For th
43. e newcommand tablabel 2 begin table 1 label tab 2 end table newcommand tabslabel 2 Nbeginttable 1 label tab 2 end table or even also combine the caption command Definitions newcommand figlabelcap 3 begin figure 1 label fig 2 caption 3 end figure newcommand figslabelcap 3 begin figure 1 label fig 2 caption 3 end figure newcommand tablabelcap 3 begin table 1 label tab 2 caption 3 end table newcommand tabslabelcap 3 begin table 1 label tab 2 caption 3 end table 11 Example figlabelcap p begin center Nbeginfpicture 10 10 put 2 2 4Xframebox 6 6 Sample end picture end center 2a A sample picture 2 Mathematical Symbols I defined pretty lots of Nnewcommands for long series of commands which I used very often I will give you my new commands explain their names to help you better to remember these commands I will also give you examples for these Nnewcommands 2 1 Special functions Some special functions have not been defined in IATEX e g sech or csch I defined a part of them not all of them when I had to use such functions First the two hyperbolic functions mentioned above have been defined as following respectively Definitions newcommand sech rm sech newcommand sechx 1 rm sech hspace 0
44. e includegraphics command For the includegraphics command Definitions newcommand pdflatexepsain 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 38cm Nincludegraphics scale 3 4 eps end minipage newcommand pdflatexepsbin 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 0 77cm includegraphics scale 3 4 eps end minipage 97 newcommand pdf latexepsecin 4 hspace 1 cm begin minipage 2 cm hspace 1 28cm includegraphics scale 3 4 eps end minipage Parameters 1 shift distance of this frame 2 width of the eps image 3 scale for the eps image 4 name of the eps image Example pdflatexepseain fO 3 3 Coma pdflatexepsebin 0 3 3 3 Hydra pdflatexepsecin 0 3 3 8 3 Perseus Compare with the example of picTframe Note that if you want to insert one eps image you just need to use the pdflatexepsain command See the example for the picframe command For two eps images you need the pdflatexepsain and the pdflatexepsbin commands See the example for the pgfuseimage command 6 Miscellaneous In this section I will give you some newcommands which I defined for some special aims e g for this User s Guide Due to their non generality I didn t put them in the CLShanCommands Math tex and the CLShanCommands Beamer tex files But I think the ideas are also interesting and very us
45. e second equation above I can use the following two commands Examples cheqnrefp 04a cheqnN 1 Note that I used cheqnN above in order to correct the counter of the equation number 1 5 Suggestions for the equation and eqnarray environments In this and the next section I will suggest you some convenient definitions of newcommands but please note that they are not defined in my CLShanCommands Math tex file If you need them pretty often you can certainly add them into my file or your own newcommands file First some people prefer to use shorter commands for the equation eqnarray and eqnarray environment Definitions newcommand be beginfequation newcommand ee end fequation newcommand beq beginfeqnarray newcommand eeq end eqnarray newcommand beqn beginfeqnarray newcommand eeqn iNend egnarray Actually you can use the following commands to reduce each pair commands for one environment to just one Definitions newcommand eqin 1 beginfequation 1 end equation newcommand eqnin 1 beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray newcommand eqNin 1 beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray Furthermore if you label your equations very often then the following commands seem very convenient for you Definitions newcommand eqlabel 2 1 beginfequation 1 label feqn 2 end equation newc
46. eful Hence I decided to put them here 6 1 newcommands used in this User s Guide I used some special newcommands for this User s Guide I will give you all of my definitions and I think it is not difficult for you to find the corresponding examples all of them Definitions newcommand tabt 3 begin flushleft vspace 0 3cm bf 1 vspace 0 3cm renewcommand arraystretch 2 begin tabular 3 hline newcommand tabb hline end tabular vspace 0 3cm end flushleft 98 newcommand tabc 3 tabb vspace 1cm tabt 1 2 3 Here the t b and c stand for top bottom and connect Definitions newcommand deft tabt Definition 1 8 p 4 5cm p 0 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defst tabt Definitions 1 8 p 4 5cm p 0 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defsc tabc 1 8 p 4 5cm p O 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defmat tabt Definition 1 3 p 4 5cm p 0 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defmast tabt Definitions 1 3 p 4 5cm p 0 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defmasc tabc 7 1 3 p 4 5cm p O 5cm p 10 7cm newcommand defbmt tabt Definition 1 3 p 5 4cm p 0 5cm p 9 8cm newcommand defbmst tabt Definitions 1 3 p 5 4cm p 0 5cm p 9 8cm newcommand defbmsc tabc 7 1 3 p 5 4cm p O 5cm pf 9 8cm Here def ma bm and s
47. enewcommand theequation arabic equation a newcommand cheqnb addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation arabicfequation b newcommand cheqnc addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation arabicfequation c TFresh defined newcommands Then for the two eguations above I just need the following three simple commands Examples cheqnNx 3 a cheqnb cheqn On the other hand if you want to label the equation number like et e q3 fae 3 d f 4 sin z 9i 120 def 4a ew er r xt COS Z 5 1 gt ag def 4b I have also defined some Nnewcommands for such cases Definitions newcommand cheqnX 1 1 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation newcommand cheqnXx 2 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation 2 newcommand cheqnXN 2 addtocounter equation 2 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation newcommand cheqnXNx 3 addtocounter fequation 2 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation 3 newcommand cheqnXa 1 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation a newcommand cheqnXb 1 addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic equation b newcommand cheqnXc 1 addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation 1 arabic fequation c where the X indicates that you can have to give a name for these equations for example the
48. er Modern Fonts Upright and Inclined Fonts Computer Modern Roman newfont cmrmx cmr10 newfont cmrmxii cmr12 newcommand cmrmsya 1 cmrmx symbol 1 newcommand cmrmsyc 1 cmrmxii symbol 1 Computer Modern Italics newfont cmitx cmti10 newfont cmitxii cmti12 newcommand cmitsya 1 cmitx symbol 1 newcommand cmitsyc 1 cmitxii symbol 1 Computer Modern Slanted Roman newfont cmslrmx cms110 newfont cmslrmxii cms112 Computer Modern Upright Italics newfont cmupitx cmu10 newfont cmupitxii cmu10 scaled magstep1i Computer Modern Caps and Small Caps newfont cmcscx cmcsc10 newfont cmcscxii cmcsc10 scaled magstep1 newcommand cmcscsya 1 cmcscx symbol 1 newcommand cmcscsyc 1 cmcscxii symbol 1 100 6 2 2 Computer Modern Fonts Bold Fonts Computer Modern Bold Nnewfont Xcmbfx cmb10 newfont cmbfxii cmb10 scaled magstepi Computer Modern Bold Roman newfont cmbfrmx cmbx10 newfont cmbfrmxii cmbx12 Computer Modern Bold Italics newfont cmbfitx cmbxti10 newfont cmbfitxii 4cmbxti10 scaled magstep1 Computer Modern Slanted Roman newfont cmbfslrmx cmbxs110 newfont cmbfslrmxii cmbxs110 scaled magstep1 6 2 3 Computer Modern Fonts Typewriter Series Computer
49. ere that I didn t define a newcommand such like Nambigg or NvmBigg for the enlargement of brackets with parameters having a minus sign Examples 19 z abig x z bbig x x cbig x a vbig x z nbig x x aBig x 2 z bBig x 2 x cBig x 2 a vBig x 2 z NnBig x 2 Nabiggtx 2 bbigg x 2 cbigg x 2 vbigg x 2 nbigg x 2 aBigg x 2 bBigg x 2 cBigg x 2 vBigg x 2 nBigg x 2 20 Furthermore for cases in which we need a bracket a absolute value or a norm with just one side you just have to add an l denoting left to the above newcommands Definitions Nnewcommand Nabigl 1 big 1 big newcommand bbig1 1 big 1 big newcommand cbig1 1 big 1 big newcommand vbig1 1 big 1 big newcommand nbig1 1 big Vert 1 big newcommand aBig1 1 Big 1 Big newcommand bBig1 1 Big 1 Big newcommand cBigl 1 Big f 1 Big newcommand vBig1 1 Big 1 Big newcommand nBigl 1 Big Vert 1 Big newcommand abigg1 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand bbigg1 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand cbigg1 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand vbigg1 1 bigg 1 bigg Nnewcommand Anbiggl 1 bigg Vert 1 bigg newcommand aBigg1 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand bBigg1
50. esize Definitions newcommand eqin 1 footnotesize 81M newcommand eqnin 1 1 footnotesize beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray Note that I used here the eqin for the XL NI not the equation environment and the eqnin for the egnarray not the eqnarray environment Because I don t want to use the equation and the egnarray environments for my presentations Moreover I also defined Nnewcommands with the Nscriptsize and the Ntiny Definitions newcommand eqsin 1 scriptsize NI 1 J newcommand eqnsin 1 scriptsize beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray newcommand eqxin 1 tiny ML 1 AMI newcommand eqnxin 1 tiny beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray Here I used the letter s and x to indicate smaller and extreme small not the Nsmall but just compare with the footnotesize Furthermore it seems to be better to define newcommands for the cases in which I need to enlarge the size of my equations although they would be used very very seldom Definitions newcommand eqlin 1 small MI 1 NI newcommand eqnlin 1 small beginfeqnarray 1 end eqnarray 83 where I used l to indicate larger not the large but just compare with the Nfootnotesize On the other hand because I set the footnotesize as the usual size for my equations on the slides I need to correct redefine the space
51. ewfont amssyaxii msam10 scaled magstep1i newcommand amssyaa 1 newcommand amssyac 1 mbox amssyax symbol 1 mbox amssyaxii symbol 1 AMS Mathematical Symbol B newfont amssybx msbm10 newfont amssybxii msbm10 scaled magstep1i newcommand amssyba 1 newcommand amssybc 1 mbox amssybx symbol 1 mbox amssybxii symbol 1 103 6 2 8 AMS Euler Fonts AMS Euler Roman newfont eurmx newfont eurmxii eurm10 eurm10 scaled magstep1 AMS Euler Bold Roman newfont eubfrmx newfont eubfrmxii eurb10 eurb10 scaled magstep1 AMS Euler Fraktur newfont eufrx newfont eufrxii eufm10 eufm10 scaled magstep1 AMS Euler Bold Fraktur newfont eubffrx newfont eubffrxii eufb10 eufb10 scaled magstep1 AMS Euler Scripts newfont euspx newfont euspxii eusm10 eusm10 scaled magstep1 AMS Euler Bold Scripts newfont eubfspx newfont eubfspxii eusb10 eusb10 scaled magstep1 6 2 9 Washington Cyrillic Fonts Washington Cyrillic Roman newfont wncyrmx wncyr10 newfont wncyrmxii wncyr10 scaled magstep1 newcommand wncyrmsya newcommand wncyrmsyc wncyrmx symbol 1 wncyrmxii symbol 1 Washington Cyrillic Bold newfont wncybf
52. feqnarray newcommand eeqn end eqnarray On the other hand for cases without equation numbers I added an N to indicate no number Definitions newcommand beqN NI y newcommand eeqN AN y newcommand beqnN beginfeqnarray newcommand eeqnN iNend egnarray It seems a little more complicated to define longer commands for and But sometimes I used the equation environment at first and then found that there are too many equation numbers I decided to reduce the number of equation and deleted some couples of begin equation and end equation and replace them to and M However I found later that I have deleted some equation numbers which I actually need So I must invert the above process delete some couples of and and then replace them to begin equation and end equation It is too tired and seems stupid Hence I defined these two commands for and Then I just need to delete or add an N Moreover I defined Definition newcommand non nonumber and Definitions renewcommand amp 1 hspace 1 3ex renewcommand 1 hspace 1 3ex amp hspace 1 3ex for the egnarray environment Because the space on the both sides of the sign in the egnarray environment is too large and I want that they have the same width as in the equation environment Furthermore I defined Definition renewcommand
53. for the longer command amp amp because I used it very very often Due to the convenience of this re definition I decide now to define the following Nnewcommands for all binary relation which we can use in the egnarray environment Definitions newcommand eqnneq amp hspace 1 3ex neq amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnne 1 hspace 1 3ex ne amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnleq amp hspace 1 3ex Meg amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnle amp hspace 1 3ex Me amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqngeq amp hspace 1 3ex geq amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnge amp hspace 1 3ex ge amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqn11 amp hspace 1 3ex N11 amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqngg amp hspace 1 3ex gg amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnequiv amp hspace 1 3ex Nequiv amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqndoteq 1 hspace 1 3ex Ndoteq amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqncong amp hspace 1 3ex Ncong amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnapprox amp hspace 1 3ex approx amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnsimeq 1 hspace 1 3ex simeq amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnsim amp hspace 1 3ex sim amp hspace 1 3ex newcommand eqnpropto 1 hspace 1 3ex propto amp hspace 1 3ex where the eqn stands for the eqn array environment As an example I rewri
54. ge the command picframe to pgfuseimage Two images with the same width Definition newcommand imagedin 4 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 pgfuseimage 3 columncenter 1 7 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 2 pgfuseimage 4 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0O 1cm 90 Parameters 1 2 3 4 1 2 x 2 text width default 10 8 cm space width between two images common column width name of the left image name of the right image Two images have different widths Definition newcommand imageDin 5 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 pgfuseimage 4 columncenter 1 7 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 1 3 pgfuseimage 5 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 space width between two images 2 width of the left column 3 width of the right column 4 5 1 2 3 text width default 10 8 cm name of the left image name of the right image Examples imagedin 0 8 5 DAMA 4yrs DAMA 7yrs imageDin 0 8 6 4 DAMA 4yrs DAMA 7yrs Three images have the same width Definition 91 newcommand imagetin 5 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 pgfuseimage 3 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 2 pgfuseimage 4 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 2 p
55. gfuseimage 5 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 2 3 4 5 1 x 2 2 x 3 text width default 10 8 cm space width between two neighbor images common column width name of the left image name of the middle image name of the right image Three images have different widths Definition newcommand imageTin 7 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 pgfuseimage 5 columncenter 1 7 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 3 pgfuseimage 6 columncenter 1 7 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 4 pgfuseimage 7 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 space width between two neighbor images 2 width of the left column 3 width of the middle column 4 5 6 7 width of the right column name of the left image name of the middle image name of the right image 41 x 2 2 3 4 text width default 10 8 cm 92 Examples imagetin 0 6 3 2 Coma Hydra Perseus imageTin 0 3 3 3 4 2 Coma Hydra Perseus 5 7 Inserting pictures with the includegraphics command In order to complete my whole system of inserting pictures on a slide I defined also newcommands using the includegraphics command Actually I just changed the command pgfuseimage to includegraphics The whole structure of the two columns and three columns in fact three and five systems are pe
56. gg amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnequiv amp hspace 2 25ex Nequiv amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqndoteq amp hspace 2 25ex doteq amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqncong amp hspace 2 25ex Ncong amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnapprox amp hspace 2 25ex Napprox amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnsimeq amp hspace 2 25ex simeq amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnsim amp hspace 2 25ex sim amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnpropto amp hspace 2 25ex Npropto amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand conti amp hspace 2 25ex amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnBinary 1 8 hspace 2 25ex 1 amp hspace 2 25ex 5 3 Colors For the people so lazy like me it seems to be a nice idea to define some newcommands which can reduce although maybe not too much the length of the commands Definitions newcommand red newcommand green newcommand blue 1 1 1 colorfred 1 color green 1 color blue 1 Note here that these commands require a parameter This means that you must put the text which you want to change the color in a curly parentheses If you forget to indicate that the whole text must be treated as one element then there is only one the first letter will be changed its color Examples red red red red red red 5 4 column environmen
57. ht of the right frame 9 name of the right frame 1 2 3 text width default 10 8 cm Here the small d and capital D denote double and I will always use a small letter for columns with equal width and a capital letter for columns with different width Examples picdframe 0 8 5 4 5 3 DAMA 4yrs DAMA 7yrs picDframe 0 8 6 4 5 5 3 DAMA 4yrs 3 5 2 5 DAMA 7yrs I also defined a command for the case of three frames which have the same width 88 Definition newcommand pictframe 7 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 picframe 3 4 5 Ncolumncenter H1 47 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 2 picframe 3 4 6 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 1 2 picframe 3 4 7 end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 2 3 4 5 6 ET 1 x 2 2 3 text width default 10 8 cm space width between two neighbor frames common column width common width of the three frames common height of the three frames name of the left frame name of the middle frame name of the right frame For the case of three frames which have different widths I have Definition newcommand picTframe 7 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 picframe 5 columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columncenter 3 picframe 6 Ncolumncenter H1 47
58. ig newcommand Adeld 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand Bdel 1 Big nabla 1 NBig newcommand Bdelu 2 Big I nabla 2 1 Big newcommand Bdeld 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 NBig l newcommand Cde1 1 Big f nabla 1 Big newcommand Cdelu 2 Big Nnabla 82 1 Big newcommand Cdeld 2 Big t nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand Vdel 1 Big nabla 1 Big newcommand Vdelu 2 Big nabla 2 1 Big newcommand Vdeld 2 Big nabla_ 2 1 Big newcommand Nde1 1 Big Wert nabla 1 Big Vert newcommand Ndelu 2 Big Vert nabla 2 1 Big Vert newcommand Ndeld 2 Big Vert nabla_ 2 1 Big Vert Note that the A B C V and N here stand not for the largest commands Bigg but for the larger ones Big Examples v f Adel t v f Adelu f Hx 72 f Adeld f Hx Vr Bdel f x y ve f a y Bdelu f x y Hx va f a y NBdeldff x y Hx fav NCdelff x y v f y cdelutt x y Hx Va f z Cdeld f x y Hx NA Wdelff ves Wdelu f Hx vzf Vdeldtt x ail Ndel f vez Ndelu f Hx vaz Ndeld x The Grad family Definitions newcommand aGrad 1 left Nnabla 1 Nright newcommand aGradu 2 left Nnabla 82 1 Nright newcommand aGradd 2 left nabla_ 2 1 Nright ne
59. itions newcommand Ai rm Ai newcommand Bi rm Bi Examples erf x erf x erfc z Nerfc x Ai z MA x Bi 2 Bi x 2 2 Fractions in brackets absolute values norms and square roots of fractions I use some series of commands involving a fraction very often Sometimes I type for example 3 where the command left frac f g right has been used When I later want to rewrite these two functions f and g to f x and g x This means that I need to change the parentheses for the fraction to a pair of bracket ES 13 This means also that I must keep to push the gt key a while I m lazy to do such thing again and again even just to write some long series of commands once Hence I defined the following Nnewcommands for different bracket involving a fraction Definitions newcommand afrac 2 left frac 1 2 right newcommand bfrac 2 left frac 1 2 right newcommand cfrac 2 left frac 1 2 right newcommand vfrac 2 left frac 1 2 right newcommand nfrac 2 left Vert frac 1 2 right Vert newcommand sfrac 2 sqrt frac 1 2 91 99 Here a b and c correspond to and respectively v stands for the ATEX command for vert n stands for norm and s for sguare root or the ATEX command for square root sqrt N
60. mand vpp 1 left frac partial partial 1 right newcommand vppp 1 left frac partial 2 partial 172 right newcommand vpppp 2 left frac partial 2 HNpartial 1 partial 2 right newcommand vppn 2 left frac partial 2 partial 1782 right newcommand npp 1 left Vert frac partial right Vert newcommand nppp 1 left vert frac partial 2 partial 172 right Vert newcommand npppp 2 left Vert frac partial 2 partial 2 right Vert newcommand nppn 2 left Vert frac partial 2 partial 17 2 Hright Vert newcommand spp 1 sqrt frac partial partial 1 newcommand sppp 1 sqrt frac partial 2 JNpartial 1 2 newcommand spppp 2 sqrt frac partial 2 Npartial 1 partial 2 newcommand sppn 2 sqrt frac partial 2 partial 1782 Examples O z app x 0 ga appp x 82 apppp x y or ga appn x k O bpp x 0 al bppp x 8 A bpppp x y or z bppn x k 41 cpp x 0 zz cppp x 0 ry cpppp x y or tar cppn x k a vpp x 0 B2 vppp x 82 Oz0y vppppi x y or Ba vppn x k a npp x 0 952 nppp x 0 ady nppppi x y or DaF nppn x k a spp x 92 9 2 sppp x 92 Ardy Nspppptxity gk Ba sppn x k
61. nderstand better and clearer Examples TFresh defined newcommands 28 d dr dd x d2 da ddd x d2 ady dddd x y dE dzk ddn x k af Dd f x dx af DDd f x dx gt d2 f DDdd f x fy dady k U Ddn f x k dx Moreover for the expression such like z or a da you just have to add an a or b in front of for example dd or DDd Definitions newcommand add 1 left frac d Ha 1 right newcommand addd 1 lt Nleft Nfracfd 2 Hd 172 right newcommand adddd 2 4Nleft Nfracfd2 Hd ti d 2 right newcommand addn 2 left frac d 2 d 1 2 right newcommand bdd 1 left frac d Md 1 right newcommand bddd 1 left frac d 2 Md 172 right newcommand bdddd 2 left frac d 2 Hd 1 d 2 right newcommand bddn 2 left frac d 2 d 1 2 right newcommand aDd 2 left frac d 1 d 2 right newcommand aDDd 2 left frac d 2 1 d 272 right newcommand aDDdd 3 ANleft Nfracfd 2 1 d 2 d 3 right newcommand aDdn 3 left Mfrac d H3 1 d 2 3 right 29 newcommand bDd 2 left frac d it d 2 right newcommand bDDd 2 left frac d 2 1 d 272 right newcommand bDDdd 3 left frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 right newcommand bDdn 3 Mleft XMfrac d 83 1
62. ne some newcommands to simply draw some frames to reserve the places in which I will put pictures Definition 86 newcommand picframe 3 begin picture 1 2 put 0 0 line 1 0 1 put 0 0 line 0 1 2 put 0 2 line 1 0 1 put 1 0 line 0 1 2 put O 0 makebox 1 2 3 end picture Note here that first I will also use this picframe as a basic command later second for each newcommand defined in the rest of this section I will always give you a list of its parameters and an example to let you know how to use these commands without understanding their definitions Parameters 1 width of this frame 2 height of this frame 3 a name to remain you which picture should be here Note that I didn t define this command in the center environment because I have to reserve this degree of freedom to combine this command with the flushleft or the flushright environment You can find the advantage of the reservation of this degree of freedom later So with this command you can just get a frame in perhaps left side of one slide If you want to put this frame in the center of the text you need to begin the center environment Example begin center picframe 4 3 dRdQ end center If you want to put two pictures in one row you must consider about whether these two pictures have the same width If two frames have more or less the same width
63. newcommand bdeld 2 left nabla_ 2 1 Nright newcommand cdel 1 left nabla 1 right newcommand cdelu 2 left nabla 2 1 right newcommand cdeld 2 left nabla_ 2 1 right TFresh defined newcommands 53 newcommand vdel 1 left nabla 1 Nright newcommand vdelu 2 left Nnabla H2 1 right newcommand vdeld 2 left nabla_ 2 1 right newcommand ndel 1 left Vert nabla 1 right Vert newcommand ndelu 2 left Vert nabla 2 1 right Vert newcommand ndeld 2 left Vert nabla_ 2 1 right Vert newcommand sdel 1 Asgrt nabla 1 newcommand sdelu 2 sqrt 1 nabla 2 1 newcommand sdeld 2 sqrt nabla_ 2 1 9 Examples Vf adel f Vf adelu f x Val adeld f x V f z y Nbdel f x y 1 V f x y bdeluff x y x Vz f x y bdeld f x y x Vf x y cdel f x y V f a y cdeluff x y Hx Vaf z y cdeld f x y Hx V Fl vdel f IV f vdelu f x IVa fl vdeld f Hx IV fll ndel f IV fl ndelu f x Vofll ndeld f x 54 VV sdel f V Vef sdelu f x Vil sdeld f x For enlargement of the Ndel family I defined Definitions newcommand Ade1 1 Big nabla 1 NBig newcommand Adelu 2 Big nabla 2 1 B
64. newcommand nright 1 left 1 right Vert Examples a Naleftfx 2 1 Nbleftfx 2 a Ncleftfx 2 x vleft x 2 nleft x 2 z aright x 2 g Nbright x 2 z cright x 2 p vright x 2 z nright x 2 Furthermore for enlarging a bracket a absolute value or a norm I have 18 Definitions newcommand aBig 1 Big 1 NBig newcommand bBig 1 Big 1 Big newcommand cBig 1 Big t 1 Big newcommand vBig 1 Big 1 Big newcommand nBig 1 ABigWert 1 Big Vert where Big stands for the ATEX command Big Certainly I defined newcommands which correspond to the commands big bigg and Bigg at the same time Definitions newcommand abig 1 big 1 Nbig 4 newcommand bbig 1 big 1 wig 3 newcommand cbig 1 big t 1 big newcommand vbig 1 big 1 Nbig newcommand nbig 1 big Vert 1 big Vert newcommand abigg 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand bbigg 1 bigg 1 Nbigg newcommand cbigg 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand vbigg 1 bigg 1 bigg newcommand nbigg 1 bigg Vert 1 bigg Vert newcommand aBigg 1 Bigg 1 NBigg newcommand bBigg 1 Bigg 1 NBigg newcommand cBigg 1 Bigg 1 Bigg newcommand vBigg 1 Bigg 1 NBigg newcommand nBigg 1 Bigg Vert 1 Bigg Vert Note h
65. newcommand for Of is Sp f not sp f Because sp and sb have been defined in INTEX for supscript and subscript Examples Of ap f 07 f apu f x Oxf apd f x 50 Of z y bp x y 07 f z y bpuff x y x Ox f x y bpd f x y Hz Of x y cp f x y 0 f x y cpuff x y Hx Ox f x y cpd f x y x lOf vp f 0 f vpu f x 3a f vpd f x lof np f llo f npu f x Ox 7 npd f x Vof Sp f vof spu f x Oz f spd f x Similar to my A B C V N system for enlargement of the fractions and differentiations I defined some newcommands to enlarge the brackets and the norm suck like Of x y and 0f Definitions newcommand Ap 1 Big Npartial 1 NBig 4 newcommand Apu 2 Big partial 2 1 Big newcommand Apd 2 Big partial_ 2 1 Big newcommand Bp 1 Big partial 1 NBig newcommand Bpu 2 Big partial 2 1 Big newcommand Bpd 2 Big partial_ 2 1 NBig newcommand Cp 1 Big partial 1 Big 4 newcommand Cpu 2 ABigM partial 2 1 Big newcommand Cpd 2 ABigM partial_ 2 1 Big 51 newcommand Vp 1 Big partial 1 Big newcommand Vpu 2 Big Mpartial 2 1 NBig newcommand Vpd 2 Big partial_ 2 1
66. ommand eqnlabel1 2 beginfeqnarray 1 label eqn 2 end eqnarray Example Neqnlabelf Nthen Nsin x sum_ k 0 infty frac 1 k V x 2k 1 2k 1 non amp approx amp x frac x 3 6 F 203 1 6 Suggestions for the figure and table environments Similar to my Suggestions for the equation and eqnarray environments you can use Definitions newcommand bfig begin figure newcommand efig end figure newcommand bfigs begin figure newcommand efigs end figure 10 for the figure and figure environments and Definitions newcommand btab begin table newcommand etab end table newcommand btabs begin table newcommand etabs end table for the table and table environments Note that the s in the above commands stands for star On the other hand you can also define just one command for an environment Definitions newcommand figin 1 begin figure 1 end figure newcommand figsin 1 begin figure 1 end figure newcommand tabin 1 begin table 1 end table newcommand tabsin 1 Nbeginttable 1 end table Moreover you can also combine the label command as following Definitions newcommand figlabel 2 begin figure 1 label fig 2 end figure newcommand figslabel 2 begin figurex 1 label fig 2 end figur
67. ommand which I used for the first part of the equation above Example eliminate sqrt Q left right 3 32 2 3 1 6 0 05 Similarly sometimes we want to show a simple value for example 1 or 1 of a complicate part of one equation more clearly then we can use a newcommand defined as Definition newcommand equalto 7 raisebox 0 5ex begin picture 3 0 Nput 0 0 makebox 3 7 D 1 put 0 0 makebox 3 7 vector 4 1 5 put 0 0 makebox 3 6 hspace 5 cm hspace lem small 2 end picture 69 Here the parameters have been defined as Parameters 1 the part in this equation which is equal to a special value 2 the value to which this part in the equation is equal 3 the width of this part in the equation 4 the direction of the arrow there are four choices 1 2 3 4 5 the length of the projection of the arrow in the x axis usually can be set to be equal to 4 6 the height of 2 usually can be set to be between 0 9 and 1 2 7 a fine tune of the position usually can be set to be between 0 and 0 1 Note that first values of the parameter 4 5 and 6 given here are just suggestions second the value which you want to specify must be given as the second parameter 2 Then the command in the example for Neliminate can be now rewritten as Example equ
68. on the both side of an sign in the egnarray environment This is why you must use the CLShanCommands Math tex file or the clshan math sty package at first and then the CLShanCommands Beamer tex file or the clshan beamer sty package Definitions renewcommand amp amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand amp hspace 2 25ex amp hspace 2 25ex Note that I don t know why I need to correct this So if you set one another size as your usual size for the equations on the slides perhaps you have to correct my correction Finally when I putted an equation directly under a title such like e Rate equation of the WIMP nucleus elastic scattering EU ar U a 7 o APU Umin Because the height of this eguation is higher than that of a normal text this eguation will push the title upwards This means that this title will be higher than the other one on the previous or the next slide When I go through these pages the bullet will be seen a small shift first upwards and then downwards I don t like this shift My solution for this shift problem is insert one line with just one space 7 between the title and the eguation then shift this eguation upwards For this solution I defined the following Nnewcommand Definitions newcommand eqdown 1 vspace 1cm Note that you have to give a minus distance as the parameter for this command to pull the equation upwa
69. ow what I need to do is just to type or change the letter before frac Examples afrac f 2 Ad Vbfrac f x 427 FE cfrac f x cdots 2 vfrac f x H2 gt nfrac f x 42 a sfrac f x 42 On the other hand sometimes I want to make for example the first parentheses in the equation below larger to look more suitable for the later one 3 eae bate z GR For this aim I have to use the command Bigg frac 3 xy Bigg Hence it seems better for me to define some newcommands for such necessities 14 Definitions newcommand Afrac 2 Bigg frac 1 H 2 Bigg newcommand Bfrac 2 Bigg frac 1 2 Bigg newcommand Cfrac 2 Bigg frac 1 2 Bigg newcommand Vfrac 2 Bigg fract 1 2 Bigg newcommand Nfrac 2 Bigg Vert frac 1 2 Bigg Vert Here I used the capital letters A B C V and N to indicate that first they are the partner commands for afrac bfrac etc second the common effect of these commands is to make the brackets larger Please note that there is no such command like Sfrac Examples 4 Afrac f 2 o NBfracf x H2 US Cfrac f x cdots 2 fe eractt x 23 je Neractt x H2 Furthermore sometimes I have to put a minus sign in front of a fraction in bracket so I defined these ne
70. rds although I used the word down Because the total effect of the command is to push the equation downwards in order to let the title not be pushed upwards Example eqdown 0 3 5 2 Redefining the newcommands for the eqnarray environment in Section 1 3 Like what I did for the amp and the commands in Section 5 1 I have to readjust the width of the space on both sides of each binary relation defined in Section 1 3 for using the beamer class so that you can copy the formulae directly from your papers or notes and paste them in the beamer files without changing anything But let me remind you again you must use the CLShanCommands Math tex file or the clshan math sty package at first and then the CLShanCommands Beamer tex file or the clshan beamer sty package Definitions renewcommand eqnneq amp hspace 2 25ex neq amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnne amp hspace 2 25ex ne amp hspace 2 25ex 84 renewcommand eqnleq amp Nhspacef 2 25ex leq amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnle amp hspace 2 25ex le amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqngeq amp hspace 2 25ex geq amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqnge amp hspace 2 25ex ge amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqn11 amp hspace 2 25ex N11 amp hspace 2 25ex renewcommand eqngg amp hspace 2 25ex
71. rfect right Definition newcommand epsin 2 includegraphics scale 1 2 eps Example epsin 0 25 dRdQ Two eps images have the same width Definition newcommand epsdin 5 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 includegraphics scale 3 4 eps columncenter 1 7 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 2 includegraphics scale 3 5 eps end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0 1cm Parameters 1 space width between two eps images 2 common column width 3 common scale for these two eps images 4 name of the left eps image 5 name of the right eps image 1 2 x 2 text width default 10 8 cm Two eps images have different widths Definition 93 newcommand epsDin 7 vspace 0 3cm begin columnsonlytextwidth columnright 2 includegraphics scale 4 5 eps columncenter 1 hspace 0 6cm columnleft 3 includegraphics scale 6 7 eps end columnsonlytextwidth vspace 0O 1cm Parameters 2 width of the left column 3 width of the right column 4 scale for the left eps image 5 name of the left eps image 6 scale for the right eps image 7 name of the right eps image 1 space width between two eps images 1 2 3 text width default 10 8 cm Examples espdin 0 8 5 0 3 DAMA 4yrs DAMA 7yrs epsDin 0 8 6 4 0 3 DAMA
72. rtial 172 Bigg Vert newcommand Npppp 2 4 Bigg Vert frac partial72 partial 1 Npartial 2 Bigg Vert newcommand Nppn 2 Bigg ert frac partial 2 partial 17 2 Bigg Vert Examples O A z App x 0 aa Appp x u 82 MA x Ardy pppptx yt ok kw Appn x k z O a B R Bpp x 0 e Bppp x 0 B EET Bpppp x y or Fd Bppn x k 46 z Cpp x 2 a Cppp x 0 Ardy Cpppp x y or rk Cppn x k a Vpp x 0 922 Vppp x 0 Drdy Vppppi x ty or Oak Vppn x k d Npp x 82 3 2 Nppp x 0 Ordy Npppp x y or Irk Nppn x k For enlargement of the Of 0z like partial differentiations I have Definitions newcommand APp 2 Bigg frac partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand APPp 2 Bigg frac partial72 1 partial 272 Bigg newcommand APPpp 3 Bigg frac partial72 1 partial 2 partial 3 Bigg newcommand APpn 3 Bigg frac partial7 3 1 partial 27 3 Bigg AT newcommand BPp 2 Bigg frac partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand BPPp 2 Bigg frac partial72 1 partial 2 72 Bigg newcommand BPPpp 3 Bigg frac partial 2 1 partial 2 partial 3 Bigg newcommand BPpn 3 Bigg frac partial 3 1 partial 2 3 Bigg
73. s newcommand ADd 2 Bigg Mrac d 1i d 2 Bigg newcommand ADDd 2 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 2 2 Bigg newcommand ADDdd 3 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 Bigg newcommand ADdn 3 Bigg frac d 3 1 d 2 3 Bigg newcommand BDd 2 Bigg fracfd 1i d 2 Bigg newcommand BDDd 2 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 2 2 Bigg l newcommand BDDdd 3 Bigg Mfrac d 2 i d 2 d 3 Bigg newcommand BDdn 3 Bigg frac d 3 1 d 2 3 JuBigg newcommand CDd 2 Bigg fracf d i d 2 Bigg newcommand CDDd 2 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 22 Bigg newcommand CDDdd 3 Bigg frac d 2 1i d 2 d 3 Bigg newcommand CDdn 3 Bigg frac d 3 1 d 2 3 Bigg newcommand VDd 2 Bigg fractd 1i d 2 Bigg newcommand VDDd 2 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 2 2 Bigg newcommand VDDdd 3 Bigg frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 Bigg newcommand VDdn 3 Bigg Nfracfd ft3 1 d 2 3 Bigg newcommand NDd 2 Bigg Vert frac d i d 2 Bigg Vert newcommand NDDd 2 Bigg Vert frac d 2 1 d 22 Bigg Vert newcommand NDDdd 3 Bigg Vert frac d 2 1 d 2 d 3 Bigg Vert newcommand NDdn 3 Bigg Vert frac d 3 1 d 2 3 Bigg Vert Examples 37 df aDd t x dx 2 aa ADDa x un 2 a ADDdd f x y dady k z ADdn f x
74. slash k xpslash p g xdpslash q 68 2 14 eliminate and Nequalto Sometimes we want to show an elimination clearly such like 0 1 FEN Pb 1 1 dR gg io ah va ria aa FH dQ lo 2Jo VQ LFP Q dQ My German colleague in the Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Bonn Markus Bernhardt asked me for a solution and one day later I gave him my definition Definition newcommand eliminate 6 raisebox 0 5ex begin picture 2 0 Nput 0 0 makebox 2 6 D 1 Nput 0 0 makebox 2 6 vector 3 1 4 put 0 0 makebox 2 5 hspace 4 cm Nhspaceflem fNsmall 0 end picture Here the parameters have been defined as Parameters 1 the part in this equation which you want to eliminate 2 the width of this part in the equation 3 the direction of the arrow there are four choices 1 2 3 4 4 the length of the projection of the arrow in the x axis usually can be set to be equal to 3 5 the height of the 0 usually can be set to be between 0 9 and 1 2 6 a fine tune of the position usually can be set to be between 0 and 0 1 Note that the suggestions for values of the parameter 4 5 and 6 here can not be suitable for every case I just want to give you an idea how large these values could approximately be so that you can adjust them more easily As a good example I give you here the c
75. something from two or more choices For example I prepared my three talks with students of different levels at once Hence I gave different titles for the same context Or when I wrote the text of my slides I had to use the picframe command instead of the imagein in order to protect my old notebook I can write two choices of one section title one after the other and use the to pick up the other one which I want to use every time But it is for sure better to define a command such like Definition newcommand switch 2 1 Then I just need to change the number of the parameter 1 2 or even 3 in my preamble I can change all of the alternative parts at once Acknowledgement Here I want to thank Markus Bernhardt my German colleague in the Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Bonn for the new idea and interesting challenge for the eliminate and equalto commands defined in Section 2 14
76. t I have to use the columnsonlytextwidth environment to put two or three pictures on the same row for my talks It seems to be convenient to define some newcommands for the column environment with center flushleft or flushright environment first Definitions newcommand columncenter 2 begin column 1 cm begin center 2 end center end column newcommand columnleft 2 beginfcolumn 1 cm begin flushleft 2 end flushleft end column newcommand columnright 2 beginfcolumn 1 cm begin flushright 2 end flushright end column In the next sections you will find some examples of these three commands I will use them directly in order to reduce my definitions of the other newcommands Usually I defined the newcommands with only the original IATEX commands then I m sure that I and anybody else can just copy some of them to the preamble of a new document without including the whole CLShanCommands Math tex But for the commands defined in the next sections it is in fact better to use some of my defined commands directly 5 5 Frames for inserting pictures There are two reasons to let me use a frame instead of a picture when I prepare my talk First my notebook is six one half years old and seems to be tired to work with pictures Second sometimes I know I will give a picture at this place but in this moment I don t have this picture Hence It is useful to defi
77. t it is very convenient to use this a b c v n system Hence I decided to follow it to define more newcommands Definitions newcommand abrac 1 left 1 right newcommand bbrac 1 left 1 Nright newcommand cbrac 1 left 1 right newcommand vbrac 1 left 1 Nright newcommand nbrac 1 left Vert 1 right Vert Here a b and c correspond to and respectively stands for norm vert n Examples 2 z tr abrac x 2 bbrac x 2 cbrac x 2 lz vbrac x 2 nbrac x 2 On the other hand sometimes we need a bracket a absolute value or a norm with just one side thus I defined the following newcommands For cases with the left side Definitions TFresh defined newcommands 17 D Vv stands for the IATEX command for newcommand aleft 1 left 1 right newcommand bleft 1 left 1 right newcommand cleft 1 left 1 right newcommand vleft 1 left 1 right newcommand nleft 1 left Vert Hi right and for cases with the right side Definitions newcommand aright 1 left 1 right newcommand bright 1 left 1 Nright y newcommand cright 1 left 1 right newcommand vright 1 left 1 right
78. tch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c o amp i W 180 end array right newcommand gammae renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 078 1 17 amp 70 end array right newcommand gammaE renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left Nbeginfarray ic c 1 amp 0 081 end array right 3 4 Gell Mann A matrices The eight Gell Mann A matrices TT 0 1 0 A 1 0 0 Nlambdaa 0 0 0 0 0 A i 0 0 lambdab 0 0 0 1 0 0 A8 0 1 0 lambdac 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Maambdad 1 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 Nlambdae i 0 0 0 0 0 0 fi 1 lambdaf 0 1 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 lambdag 0 0 1 0 0 23 5 0 1 0 lambdah 0 0 2 have also been defined with the commands lambdaa lambdab lambdah Definitions 78 newcommand lambdaa renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c 041807 717 amp OT amp OF MW 0860 amp 07 end array right newcommand lambdab renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c 70 amp i amp 0 i amp 0 amp 0 W 70 amp 086807 end array right newcommand lambdac renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 left beginfarray c c c 1 amp 0 amp 0 W 70 amp 1 amp 0 70 amp 086807 end array right newcommand lambdad renewcommand arraystretch 1 5 Meft beginfarray c c c
79. te the last example in Section 1 2 as following Example Nbeqn Nthen Nsin x sum_ k 0 infty frac 1 k x7 2k 1 2k 1 non Negnapprox x frac x 3 6 frac x 5 120 Neegn Meanwhile for a longer eguation such like sinh z x x2 sinh z x 1 a Ln es x4 ZANE Wi a 3 45 315 3 45 alb I usually use a command amp amp for the last line Because I have already used redefined the command for see Section 1 2 I define the following Nnewcommand Definition newcommand conti 1 hspace 1 3ex amp hspace 1 3ex where the conti stands for continue As an example I give you the commands for the last two lines of the above equation here Example left Gea esas Nright non conti 777777 times Meft 1 x 72 Nright Furthermore for the case in which you want to put something else instead of a normal binary relation in the egnarray or egnarray environments I defined also a Nnewcommand here Definition newcommand eqnBinary 1 amp hspace 1 3ex 1 amp hspace 1 3ex Then we can rewrite the three commands which I used as examples above as following Examples eqnBinary eqnapprox eqnBinary approx conti eqnBinary 1 4 Changing equation numbers Sometimes we want to label the equation number of two equations as follo
80. th two or three arguments Definitions newcommand Ylmstar 2 langle textstyle 1 7 2 gt y newcommand Ylm 2 textstyle 1 2 rangle newcommand nlmstar 3 langle textstyle 1 2 3 newcommand nlm 3 textstyle 1 2 3 rangle where I also borrowed the terminology from quantum mechanics and star stands for the as a supscript indicates a conjugate partner in QM Examples I ml Ylmstar 1 m I m Y1lm 1 m n l ml nlmstar n 1 m n 1 m Nnlm n 1 m Moreover I defined some newcommands for the inner product of a pair bra and ket and for expectation values Definitions newcommand braket 2 langle textstyle 1 2 rangle newcommand innerP 2 langle textstyle 1 2 rangle newcommand expv 1 langle textstyle 1 JNrangle newcommand Expv 1 left lt 1 right gt newcommand expV 3 langle textstyle 1 2 3 rangle newcommand ExpV 3 left lt 1 left 2 right 3 right gt Here the capital E stands for the larger argument or arguments and the small v or the capital V stand for without or with the two wave functions Examples wl braket psi phi vio innerP psi phi 2 expv x p Z Expv frac p 2 2m 2m lelo expV psi x phi 2
81. the newcommands for normal differentiations by p or P to get the newcommands for partial differentiations Examples TFresh defined newcommands 39 O 0 3 2 ppp x 0 Oz y pppptx y or dak ppni x k of Pp f x Ox a PPp f x Ox p o f du y PPpp f x fy or f Auk Ppn f x k Also for the partial differentiations having a 0 0z like form in parentheses in bracket in a square root I have Definitions newcommand app 1 left frac partial partial 1 right newcommand appp 1 left frac partial 2 partial 172 right newcommand apppp 2 left frac partial 2 HNpartial 1 Npartial 2 right newcommand appn 2 left frac partial 2 partial 1782 right newcommand bpp 1 left frac partial partial 1 right newcommand bppp 1 left frac partial 2 4 partial 172 right newcommand bpppp 2 left frac partial 2 partial 1 Npartial 2 right newcommand bppn 2 left frac partial 2 partial 17 2 right newcommand cpp 1 left frac partial partial 1 right newcommand cppp 1 left frac partial 2 partial 172 right newcommand cpppp 2 left frac partial 2 partial 1 Npartial 2 right newcommand cppn 2 left frac partial 2 partial 1782 right 40 newcom
82. ulticolumn 2 c 1 80 newcommand b1 1 multicolumn 2 1 1 newcommand b11 1 multicolumn 2 1 H 1 newcommand blr 1 multicolumn 2 1 1 newcommand br 1 multicolum 2 r 1 newcommand br1 1 multicolumn 2 r 1 newcommand brr 1 multicolum 2 r 1 The first letter in the commands above b denotes that we want to combine two columns multicolumn 2 the second letter c 1 or r describes the position of the element center left or right the third letter 33 I P or indicates that there is only one vertical line on the left or right side of this element If there are two lines on the both side of the element then we treat this choice as default and write nothing According to this method we can build lots of the other newcommands for example Definitions newcommand ac 1 multicolumn 1 c 1 newcommand ac1 1 multicolumn 1 c 1 newcommand acr 1 multicolumn i c 1 newcommand cc 1 multicolumn 3 c 1 newcommand cc1 1 multicolumn 3 H c 1 newcommand ccr 1 multicolumn 3 c 1 or even two lines on each side of the element Definitions newcommand dc 1 multicolumn 4 c 1 newcommand dcl 1 multicolumn 4 c 1 newcommand dcr 1
83. v Z s ExpV psi frac p 2 2m phi 2 11 Atomic symbols For the atomic symbols such like 4X or AX I defined the following newcommands Definitions newcommand XA 2 1 sp 2 1 newcommand XAZ 3 sp 2 sb 3 1 newcommand rmXA 2 1 sp 2 rm 1 newcommand rmXAZ 3 sp 2 sb 3 rm 1 newcommand bf XA 2 sp 2 bf 1 newcommand bfXAZ 3 sp 2 sb 3 bf 1 Here the X A and Z stand for the name the atomic number and the number of protons of the element and as usual I used rm and bf for the roman and bold face print types Note that I modified the definitions of the above newcommands in Version 4 0 but the commands and results are unchanged Thus if you use my CLShanCommands Math tex file or clshan math package directly you have to worry about nothing TFresh defined newcommands 66 Examples He MUA He 14 2He XAZ He 4 2 He rmXA He 4 2He rmXAZ He 4 2 He bfXA He 4 2He bf XAZ He 4 2 Note here that if you want to type some elements such like C or 7 you need to type for a small space in the third lower parameter XAZ C 12 6 XAZ I 127 53 On the other hand for some special expressions in the nuclear physics I have Definitions Nnewcommand4AsljJ 3 sp 1 2 _ 3 newcommand ns1j 4 1 7
84. vea NLap bf A 2 9 Arrows Almost all of the original ATEX commands for the different arrow types in different directions are too long for a lazy man like me except these two gets and to for and Therefore I decided to give them shorter names At the same time I also extended the arrow system Definitions newcommand lgets longleftarrow newcommand Lgets longleftarrow MAM WWA MAMA newcommand Gets Leftarrow newcommand 1Gets Longleftarrow newcommand LGets Longleftarrow 62 Here the capital G stands for a arrow with double line and the small l and capital L stand for a longer and the longest arrows Examples lgets Lgets NGets lt 1Gets LGets For the arrows towards to right side you just need to change the gets or Gets to to or To respectively Definitions newcommand lto longrightarrow newcommand Lto NNW VEVENE NININ Longrightarrow newcommand To Rightarrow newcommand 1To Longrightarrow newcommand LTo Longrightarrow Examples N1to NLto NTo 1To gt LTo Combine gets with to or Gets with To you have now the double head arrows Definitions newcommand getsto leftrightarrow newcommand lgetsto longleftrightarrow new
85. wcommand bGrad 1 left Mnabla 1 right newcommand bGradu 2 left nabla 2 1 Nright newcommand bGradd 2 left nabla_ 2 1 right newcommand cGrad 1 left nabla 1 right newcommand cGradu 2 left nabla 2 1 right newcommand cGradd 2 left t nabla_ 2 1 right 56 newcommand vGrad 1 left nabla 1 Nright 4 newcommand vGradu 2 left Nnabla H2 1 right newcommand vGradd 2 left nabla_ 2 1 right newcommand nGrad 1 left Vert nabla 1 right Vert newcommand nGradu 2 left Vert nabla 2 1 right Vert newcommand nGradd 2 left Vert nabla_ 2 1 right Vert newcommand sGrad 1 amp Asgrt nabla 1 9 newcommand sGradu 2 sqrt 1 nabla 2 1 newcommand sGradd 2 sqrt nabla_ 2 1 9 Examples Vf NaGrad f Vf NaGradu f x Vif aGradd f x V F z y bGrad f x y V f x y bGraduff x y x Vif x y bGradd f x y x V f x y cGrad f x y V f a y NcGraduff x y x V f x y cGradd f x y x IV fl vGrad tf IV vGradut f x Vif vGradd f x IV fll nGrad f IIV fl nGradu f x llV sf nGradd f x 57 VV sGrad f V Vef sGradu f x Vil sGradd f x For enlargement of the Grad family I defined
86. wcommand nDDdd 3 left Vert frac d 2 1i d 2 d 3 right Vert 2 3 right Vert newcommand sDd 2 sqrt frac d 1i d 2 J gt newcommand sDDd 2 Asgrt Mfrac d 2 it d 272 Fob newcommand sDDdd 3 sqrt Mfrac d 2 1i d 2 d 3 newcommand sDdn 3 sqrt frac d 3 1 d 2 3 Examples 4 2 XeDd f x Hx dx 2 afa XeDDd f x Hx dx 2 E fwg XeDDdd f x y HxHy dady k cDdn f x y HxHx 33 df vDd f x dx d f d f vDDdd f x y ddy k af vDdn f x k dak a nDd f x dza d f d f DE nDDdd f x y dady d f a nDdn f x k dx A sDa f Hx dz df 2 ET sDDdd f x y dady k as sDdn f x k dak Similar to the definitions like Afrac you can use the following newcommands to enlarge the above brackets or square root Corresponding to add vdddd and so on I have Definitions newcommand Add 1 Bigg frac d Md 1 MNBigg newcommand Addd 1 Bigg Nfracfd 2 Md 172 Bigg newcommand Adddd 2 Bigg Nfracfd 2 d 1 d 2 Bigg newcommand Addn 2 Bigg frac d 2 d 1 2 Bigg 34 newcommand Nddn 2 Bigg Vert frac d 2 d newcommand Bdd 1 Bigg frac d d 1 Bigg newcommand Bddd 1 Bigg frac d 2
87. wcommands Definitions newcommand amfrac 2 left frac 1 2 right Y tu ka j 2 left frac 1 2 right MO DOR 2 left frac 1 2 right newcommand vmfrac 2 left fract 1 2 right newcommand nmfrac 2 MeftWert frac 1 2 right Vert newcommand smfrac 2 sqrt frac 1 2 5 ed and similarly in order to enlarge the brackets I defined Definitions newcommand Amfrac 2 Bigg nspace 0 5ex hspace 0 5ex frac 1 2 Bigg newcommand Bmfrac 2 Bigg Mhspace 0 5ex Vhspace 0 5ex fract 1 2 Bigg 1 newcommand Cmfrac 2 Bigg nspace 0 5ex hspace 0 5ex frac 1 2 Bigg newcommand Vmfrac 2 Bigg hspace 0 5ex hspace 0 5ex frac 1 2 Bigg newcommand Nmfrac 2 NBiggWert hspace 0 5ex hspace 0 5ex frac 1 2 Bigg Vert Examples f amfrac f 2 2 Nbmfrac f x 2 EN cmfrac f x Xcdots H2 10 vmfrac f x 2 Te nmfrac f x 2 smfrac f x 2 i Amfrac f 2 a Bmfrac f x 2 f F Cmfrac f x cdots 2 16 22 2 2 Vmfrac f x 2 Nmfrac f x 2 2 3 Brackets absolute values and norms After that I had defined some simple newcommands for fractions in brackets and absolute values and norms of fractions I found tha
88. wing gt s ew m e 7 r3 gp 4 BRE 3 73 T 120 ew an ewr r2 xt T oL RE 4b COS T gt MET 4b Formally for such cases we use a command renewcommand theequation arabic equation a at first and then commands addtocounter equation 1 and renewcommand theequation arabicfequation b between these two equations finally we use renewcommand theequation arabic equation to change the label of the equation number back Such a combination is almost fixed and we need it maybe pretty frequently For sure we can just copy them every time But I think it is better to define some short newcommands Definitions newcommand cheqn renewcommand theequation arabic equation newcommand cheqnx 1 renewcommand theequation arabic equation 1 newcommand cheqnN 1 addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation arabic equation newcommand cheqnNx 2 addtocounter equation 1 renewcommand theequation arabicfequation 2 m w m Here the ch eg n stand for change eguation number with an x means you want to add something after the number for example a and b above with an N means you want to change the equation number before the Roman letter Meanwhile because we usually use a b and or c after the number I defined directly the following Nnewcommands for them Definitions newcommand cheqna r
89. x wncyb10 newfont wncybfxii wncyb10 scaled magstep1 Washington Cyrillic Italics newfont wncyitx wncyi10 newfont wncyitxii wncyi10 scaled magstep1 104 Washington Cyrillic Sans Serif newfont wncysfx wncyss10 newfont wncysfxii wncyss10 scaled magstep1 Washington Cyrillic Caps and Small Caps newfont wncyscx wncysc10 newfont wncyscxii wncysc10 scaled magstep1 6 3 Mignore and switch If you typed a long text but don t want to use for a while you can use a or even lots of to set this paragraph as a comment But it is certainly a better idea to use a command such like ignore to let the typeset program ignore this text Then you can save pretty much time in which you type and delete the s Definition Ndef ignore 1 Note that first it is necessary to use the def command for this aim You can not use a command such like newcommand ignore 1 Because You want to send something as the parameter 1 to nothing and if you use the command newcommand ignore 1 nothing has been defined as the parameter 1 Then the typeset program will send an error massage to you Second if you have some bugs in the text for example a more you can not use this ignore command Because your typeset program can not find the corresponding for the Nignoref On the other hand you could need to change
90. z like partial differentiations Definitions newcommand Appt 1 Bigg frac partial partial 1 Bigg newcommand Appp 1 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 172 Bigg newcommand Apppp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand Appn 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1782 Bigg newcommand Bpp 1 Bigg frac partial partial 1 Bigg 1 newcommand Bppp 1 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 172 Bigg 1 newcommand Bpppp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 Npartial 2 Bigg newcommand Bppn 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 17 2 Bigg 1 newcommand Cpp 1 Bigg frac partial partial 1 Bigg newcommand Cppp 1 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 2 Bigg newcommand Cpppp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 Npartial 2 Bigg newcommand Cppn 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial H17 H2 Bigg newcommand Vpp 1 Bigg frac partial partial 1 Bigg newcommand Vppp 1 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 172 Bigg newcommand Vpppp 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 partial 2 Bigg newcommand Vppn 2 Bigg frac partial 2 partial 1 2 Bigg newcommand Npp 1 Bigg vert frac partial partial 1 Bigg Vert newcommand Nppp 1 Bigg Vert frac partial72 pa

User's Guide to CLShanCommands

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents