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ZyXEL P-660 User's Manual

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1. 24 System Maintenance Advanced Applications 11 Remote Node Setup 12 Static Routing Setup 15 SUA Server Setup 99 Exit Enter Menu Selection Number 24 107 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 24 System Maintenance System Status System Information and Console Port Speed Log and Trace Diagnostic Backup Configuration Restore Configuration Firmware Update EE a ON AE A O Command Interpreter Mode Enter Menu Selection Number 8 Copyright c 1994 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corp ras gt sys stdio 0 Open a new window cppwu faelinux cppwu tftp I 192 168 1 1 get rom 0 local rom lt change to binary mode lt download configurations cppwu faelinux cppwu tftp I 192 168 1 1 put local rom rom 0 lt upload configurations cppwu faelinux cppwu tftp I 192 168 1 1 get ras local ras lt download firmware cppwu faelinux cppwu tftp I 192 168 1 1 put local ras ras lt upload firmware 3 Using FTP to Upload the Firmware and Configuration Files In addition to upload the firmware and configuration file via the console port and TFTP client you can also upload the firmware and configuration files to the Prestige using FTP To use this feature your workstation must have a FTP client software There are two examples as shown below e Using FTP command in terminal e Using FTP client software Using FTP command in term
2. 0050 9C 58 3E 95 3E E7 FC 2A 4C 2F FB BE 2F FE EF DO X gt gt L Offline Trace e Disable the capture of the WAN packet by entering sys trep channel mpoa00 none e Enable the capture of the LAN packet by entering sys trep channel enet0 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trep sw on amp sys trel sw on e Wait for packet passing through the Prestige over LAN e Disable the trace log by entering sys trep sw off amp sys trel sw off e Display the trace briefly by entering sys trep brief e Display specific packets by using sys trep parse lt from_index gt lt to_index gt 104 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 2 Firmware Configurations Uploading and Downloading using TFTP e Using TFTP client software e Using TFTP command on Windows NT e Using TFTP command on UNIX Using TFTP client software e Upload download ZyNOS via LAN e Upload download SMT configurations via LAN Using TFTP to upload download ZyNOS via LAN e TELNET to your Prestige first before running the TFTP software e Type the CI command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Menu 24 8 and stay in Menu 24 8 e Run the TFTP client software e Enter the IP address of the Prestige e To upload the firmware please save the remote file as ras to Prestige After the transfer is complete the Prestige will program the upgraded firmware into FLASH ROM and reboot itself An
3. 2 32 34 decimal 22 hex you must input 22 If you want to enable all service for VC hunting the service bits will be 14 2 4 8 16 32 63 decimal 3f hex you must input 3f Need to perform save after this command 95 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 3 Delete items from the auto haunting preconfigured table by useing CI command wan atm vchunt remove lt remote node gt lt vpi gt lt vci gt 5 The usage command argument is listed below suggest to use 3f which include all PPP possiblities Command fwan om vemos TT Add lt remoteNodeIndex gt Add a entry to hunting pool lt vpi gt lt vci gt lt service bit hex gt lt remote node gt input the remote node index 1 8 lt vpi gt vpi value lt vci gt vci value lt service gt it s a hex value bitO PPPoE VC 1 bit1 PPPoE LLC 2 bit2 PPPoA VC 4 bit3 PPPoA LLC 8 96 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL Remove lt removeNodeld gt lt vpi gt lt vci gt P 660 Series Support Notes bit4 Enet VC 16 bit5 Enet LLC 32 For examples If you need service PPPoE LLC and Enet LLC then the service bits will be 2 32 34 decimal 22 hex you must input 22 Need to perform save after this command Input remote node ID and vpi vci value to remove the specific entry System will save automatically EO o di
4. LAN for outside access In previous ZyNOS versions that supported SUA visible 33 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes servers had to be of different types The P 660 supports NAT sets on a remote node basis They are reusable but only one set is allowed for each remote node The P 660 supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote node The default SUA Read Only Set in menu 15 1 is a convenient pre configured read only Many to One mapping set sufficient for most purposes and helpful to people already familiar with SUA in previous ZyNOS versions SMT Menus Applying NAT in the SMT Menus You apply NAT via menus 4 and 11 3 as displayed next The next figure how you apply NAT for Internet access in menu 4 Enter 4 from the Main Menu to go to Menu 4 Internet Access Setup Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ISP s Name CHT Encapsulation PPPoE Multiplexing LLC based VPI 0 VCI 33 ATM QoS Type CBR Peak Cell Rate PCR 0 Sustain Cell Rate SCR 0 Maximum Burst Size MBS 0 My Login cso hinet net My Password Idle Timeout sec 0 IP Address Assignment Static IP Address 200 1 2 1 Network Address Translation Full Feature Address Mapping Set 1 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel The following figure shows how you apply NAT to the remote node in menu 11 3 Menu 11 3 Remote Node Network Layer Options IP Options Bridge Options IP Address A
5. Menu 21 1 2 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 2 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 0 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab N A More No Log None Action Matched Check Next Rule Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Saving to ROM Please wait Protocol and device rule cannot be active together To separate the device and protocol filter categories two new menus Menu 11 5 and Menu 13 1 have been added as well as some changes made to the Menu 3 1 Menu 11 1 and Menu 13 The new fields are shown below 53 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 3 1 Menu 3 1 General Ethernet Setup Input Filter Sets protocol filters device filters Output Filter Sets protocol filters device filters Menu 11 1 Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Rem Node Name LAN Route IP Active Yes Bridge No Encapsulation PPP Edit PPP Options No Incoming Rem IP Addr Rem Login test Edit IP IPX Bridge No Rem Password ikk k Outgoing Session Options My Login testt Edit Filter Sets Yes My Password Authen CHAP PAP Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Menu 11 5 Menu 11 5 Remote Node Filter Input Filter Sets protocol filters device filt
6. Size of Client IP Pool N A Primary DNS Server N A Secondary DNS Server N A Remote DHCP Server N A TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction None Version N A Multicast None IP Policies Edit IP Alias No 3 Configure for Internet setup in Menu 11 Remote Node Profile Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Rem Node Name Bridge Route None Active Yes Bridge Yes Encapsulation RFC 1483 Edit IP Bridge No Multiplexing LLC based Edit ATM Options No Service Name N A Edit Advance Options No Incoming Telco Option Rem Login N A Allocated Budget min N A Rem Password N A Period hr N A Outgoing Schedule Sets N A My Login N A Nailed Up Connection N A My Password N A Session Options Authen N A Edit Filter Sets No Idle Timeout sec N A Key Settings Option Description i Select the correct Encapsulation type that your ISP supports For example RFC Encapsulation 1483 Multiplexing Select the correct Multiplexing type that your ISP supports For example LLC Router Bridge Disable routing mode and enable bridge mode Bridge Yes All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 4 Configure ATM setting in Menu 11 6 Remote Node ATM Layer Options In Menu 11 1 setup Edit ATM Options Yes to enter Menu 11 6 sub Menu Menu 11 6 Remote Node ATM Layer Options VPI 0 VCI 33 ATM QoS Type CBR Peak Cell R
7. e Action Matched Drop e Action No Matched Forward Where a b c d is an IP address on your local network and w x y z is your netmask All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes General FAQ 1 How can I manage P 660 Menu driven user interface for easy network management Local and remote console management Web configurator Telnet remote management TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol and FTP firmware upgrade and configuration backup and restore 2 What is the default user name and password to loging web configurator The default user name is admin and password is 1234 You can change the password when login to web configurator in the Advanced Setup gt Password menu Please record your new password whenever you change it The system will lock you out if you have forgotten your password 3 How do I know the P 660 s WAN IP address assigned by the ISP You can view My WAN IP lt from ISP gt 200 1 1 1 shown in menu 24 1 to check this IP address 4 What is the micro filter or splitter used for Generally the voice band uses the lower frequency ranging from 0 to 4KHz while ADSL data transmission uses the higher frequency The micro filter acts as a low pass filter for your telephone set to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your voice transmissions For the details about how to connect the micro filter please refer to the user s manu
8. information such as email addresses hostnames IPs etc can be stored and retrieved This solves the problems if your DNS server uses an IP associated with dynamic IPs 70 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Without DDNS we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P 660 to access the internal server It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic With DDNS supported by the P 660 you apply a DNS name e g www zyxel com tw for your server e g Web server from a DDNS server The outside users can always access the web server using the www zyxel com tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P 660 When the ISP assigns the P 660 a new IP the P 660 must inform the DDNS server the change of this IP so that the server can update its IP to DNS entry Once the IP to DNS table in the DDNS server is updated the DNS name for your web server i e Www zyxel com tw is still usable The DDNS server stores password protected email addresses with IPs and hostnames and accepts queries based on email addresses So there must be an email entry in the P 660 menu 1 The DDNS servers the P 660 supports currently is WWW DYNDNS ORG where you apply the DNS from and update the WAN IP to e Setup the DDNS 1 Before configuring the DDNS settings in the P 660 you must register an account from the DDNS server such aa WWW DYNDNS ORG first After the registration you have a hostname fo
9. 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel e Rule 4 Destination port number 138 with protocol number 17 UDP Menu 21 1 4 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 4 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule 66 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 138 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab N A More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel e Rule 5 Destination port number 139 with protocol number 6 TCP Menu 21 1 5 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 5 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 139 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 67 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e Rule 6 Destination port number 139 with protocol number 17 UDP Menu 21 1 6 T
10. 1 Edit Name policy1 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 2 Edit a rule or more for this set in menu 25 1 1 See an example below Menu 25 1 1 IP Routing Policy Policy Set Name First Active Yes 86 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Criteria IP Protocol 6 Type of Service Don t Care Packet length 0 Precedence Don t Care Len Comp N A Source addr start 192 168 1 2 end 192 168 1 20 port start 0 end N A Destination addr start 0 0 0 0 end N A port start 80 end 80 Action Matched Gateway addr 192 168 1 254 Log No Type of Service No Change Precedence No Change Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel This policy example forces the Web packets originated from the clients with IP addresses from 192 168 1 2 to 192 168 1 20 be routed to the remote LAN via the gateway 192 168 1 254 4 Asummary for this set is shown in menu 25 1 Menu 25 1 IP Routing Policy Setup A Criteria Action 1 Y SA 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 20 DP 80 80 P 6 IGW 192 168 1 254 2N 3N Enter Policy Rule Number 1 6 to Configure 87 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 4 There are two interfaces to apply the policy set they are the LAN interface menu 3 2 and WAN interface menu 11 3 It depends where the gateway specified in the policy rule is located If the gateway you specified
11. 10270 Ethernet Header Destination MAC Addr 00A0C5921312 Source MAC Addr 00A0C5012345 Network Type 0x0800 TCP IP IP Header IP Version 4 Header Length 20 Type of Service 0x00 0 Total Length 0x048B 1163 Idetification 0xB139 45369 Flags 0x02 Fragment Offset 0x00 Time to Live OxEE 238 103 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Protocol 0x06 TCP Header Checksum OxA9AB 43435 Source IP 0xC01F0782 192 31 7 130 Destination IP OxCA849B61 202 132 155 97 TCP Header Source Port 0x0050 80 Destination Port 0x281E 10270 Sequence Number 0xD3E95985 3555285381 Ack Number 0x00C18F63 12685155 Header Length 20 Flags 0x19 AP F Window Size OxFAFO 66040 Checksum 0x3735 14133 Urgent Ptr 0x0000 0 TCP Data Length 1127 Captured 42 0000 DF 33 AF 62 58 37 52 3D 79 99 A5 3C 2B 59 E2 78 3 bX7R y lt Y x 0010 A7 98 8F 3F A9 09 F4 OF 26 14 9C 58 3E 95 3EE7_ amp X gt gt 0020 FC 2A 4C 2F FB BE 2F FE EF DO eal Bey ee RAW DATA 0000 00 AO C5 92 13 12 00 A0 C5 01 23 45 08 00 45 00 HENE 0010 04 8B B1 39 40 00 EE 06 A9 AB CO 1F 07 82 CA 84 9 0020 9B 61 00 50 28 1E D3 E9 59 85 00 C1 8F 63 50 19 a P Y cP 0030 FA FO 37 35 00 00 DF 33 AF 62 58 37 52 3D 79 99 75 3 b X7R y 0040 A5 3C 2B 59 E2 78 A7 98 8F 3F A9 09 E4 OF 26 14 lt Y x amp
12. 4 Server type to map a web server and mail server with ILA3 192 168 1 20 to IGA3 Type Server allows us to specify multiple servers of different types to other machines behind NAT on the LAN Step 1 In this case we need to configure Address Mapping Set 1 from Menu 15 1 Address Mapping Sets Therefore we must choose the Full Feature option from the NAT field in menu 4 or menu 11 3 and assign IGA3 to P 660 WAN IP Address 44 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ISP s Name CHT Encapsulation PPPoE Multiplexing LLC based VPI 0 VCI 33 ATM QoS Type CBR Peak Cell Rate PCR 0 Sustain Cell Rate SCR 0 Maximum Burst Size MBS 0 My Login N A My Password N A ENET ENCAP Gateway N A IP Address Assignment Static IP Address IGA3 Network Address Translation Full Feature Address Mapping Set 1 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Step 2 Go to menu 15 1 and choose not 255 SUA this time to begin configuring this new set Enter a Set Name choose the Edit Action and then select 1 from Select Rule field Press ENTER to confirm See the following setup for the four rules in our case Rule 1 Setup Select One to One type to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1 192 168 1 10 to IGA1 Menu 15 1 1 1 Rule 1 Type One to One Local IP Start 192 168 1 10 End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA1 End
13. 63 08 00 45 5c 03 00 05 00 61 62 63 64 65 66 0030 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 0040 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 2 We are now ready to configure the Generic Filter Rule as below Menu 21 1 1 Generic Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type Generic Filter Rule Active Yes Offset 6 Length 6 Mask ffffffffffff Value 0080c84cea63 61 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward Key Settings Generic Filter Ruls Set the Filter Type to Generic Filter Rule Active Turn Active to Yes Offset in bytes Set to 6 since the source MAC address starts at 7th octets we need to skip the first octets of the destination MAC address Length in bytes Set to 6 since MAC address has 6 octets Mask in hexadecimal Specify the value that the P 660 will logically qualify logical AND the data in the packet Since the Length is set to 6 octets the Mask for it should be 12 hexadecimal numbers In this case we intent to set to ffffffffffff to mask the incoming source MAC address 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 Value in hexadecimal Specify the MAC address 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 that the P 660 should use to compare with the masked packet If the result from the masked packet matches the Value then the packet is considered matched Action Matched Enter the action you wa
14. CI gt wan adsl linedata far CI gt wan adsl linedata near 8 What are the possible reasons when the ADSL link is down The physical ADSL line may not be up if 1 The DSLAM is not Alcatel 2 If it is Alcatel the firmware version should be above 3 1 9 What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector The signaling pins on the P 660 s ADSL connector are pin 3 and pin 4 The middle two pins for a RJ11 cable All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes General Application Notes 1 Internet Access Using P 660 under Bridge mode e Setup your workstation e Setup your P 660 under bridge mode If the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet that means only the traffic to from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered In this case we use P 660 which works as an ADSL bridge modem to connect to the ISP The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet See the figure below for this setup SOHO Network im Prestige Internet n Cross over Ethernet Cable Figure Internet Access Using Modem Mode Set up your workstation 1 Ethernet connection To connect your computer to the P 660 s LAN port the computer must have an Ethernet adapter card installed For connecting a single computer to the P 660 we use a cross over Ethernet cable 2 TCP IP configuration In most cases the IP
15. Enter IGA3 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel The three rules configured for using One to One mapping type is shown below Menu 15 1 1 1 Rule 1 Type One to One Local IP Start 192 168 1 10 End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA1 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Menu 15 1 1 2 Rule 2 49 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Type One to One Local IP Start 192 168 1 11 End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA2 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Menu 15 1 1 3 Rule 3 Type One to One Local IP Start 192 168 1 12 End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA3 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 6 About Filter amp Filter Examples How does ZyXEL filter work Filter Structure The P 660 allows you to configure up to twelve filter sets with six rules in each set for a total of 72 filter rules in the system You can apply up to four filter sets to a particular port to block multiple types of packets With each filter set having up to six rules you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single port The following diagram illustrates the logic flow when executing a filter rule 50 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes WIN2K to ZyWALL Properties l 2x Rules General ats Security rules for communicating with other comp
16. Ge Reed gs gi siara Ae es e bes ete eses esat 6 14 When do I need Witt INA ied ecsliens desea nis placa ve ane aes eave 6 15 What IP Port mapping does Multi NAT support 00 0 eeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeneeees 6 16 How many network users can the SUA NAT support 00 ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeees 7 17 What are Device filters and Protocol filters eeneeeeeeeeeseeeseeresrrsrrerrrerseese 7 18 Why can t I configure device filters or protocol filters eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 8 19 How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks 0 ee eee eeeceseceeeeeeeeeeneees 8 ETILA A EREE EE Oleh asad ieee ae eth ohne Cte Se es AG aah asad 9 L HOW Cai I manage P0600 oc sccsceccpsnsesdyratenveteccseesguadeueoseeeacetgvadeenseacssasesseiaenenetees 9 2 What is the default user name and password to loging web configurator 9 3 How do I know the P 660 s WAN IP address assigned by the ISP 9 4 What is the micro filter or splitter used for eee eeeeeeeesteceeeteeeetteeeeteeeenaees 9 5 The P 660 supports Bridge and Router mode what s the difference between TST Pos ait dad Reetet eae a Saal ed lls eee an teen 9 6 How do I know I am using PPPOE 0 eee eeecceeesececseececeeeeeeeeeesneeeenaeereaees 10 17 Why does my provider use PPPOE 54 5c oe ose ote eee osnces ods ee aandeoee 10 Bie WAU is DDNS Pietas daha gamed a a a ae ae niggas i 10 9 When do I need DDNS service sseseeeeeeseeeseeresseeeresresseseresressersresressreseese
17. IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths e How does the IPPR work A policy defines the matching criteria and the action to take when a packet meets the criteria The action is taken only when all the criteria are met The criteria include the source address and port IP protocol ICMP UDP TCP etc destination address and 85 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes port TOS and precedence fields in the IP header and length The inclusion of length criterion is to differentiate between interactive and bulk traffic Interactive applications e g Telnet tend to have short packets while bulk traffic e g file transfer tends to have large packets The actions that can be taken include routing the packet to a different gateway and hence the outgoing interface and the TOS and precedence fields in the IP header IPPR follows the existing packet filtering facility of ZyNOS in style and in implementation The policies are divided into sets where related policies are grouped together A use defines the policies before applying them to an interface or a remote node in the same fashion as the filters There are 12 policy sets with 6 policies in each set e Setup the IP Policy Routing 1 Create a routing policy set in menu 25 Menu 25 IP Routing Policy Setup Policy Policy Set Name Set Name 1 T 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 Enter Policy Set Number to Configure
18. Length 20 Flags 0x10 A Window Size 0x2238 8760 Checksum OxE8ED 59629 Urgent Ptr 0x0000 0 TCP Data Length 6 Captured 6 102 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 0000 20 20 20 20 20 20 RAW DATA 0000 00 AO C5 92 13 11 00 80 C8 4C EA 63 08 00 45 00__ L c E 0010 00 28 35 OB 40 00 80 06 3C 79 CO A8 0102 COIF 5 lt y 0020 07 82 04 5C 00 50 00 BD 15 A8 4A D1 B5 805010 P J P 0030 22 38 E8 ED 00 00 20 20 20 20 20 20 On 2 Trace WAN packet e Disable the capture of the LAN packet by entering sys trep channel enet0 none e Enable to capture the WAN packet by entering sys trep channel mpoa00 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trep sw on amp sys trel sw on e Display the brief trace online by entering sys tred brief e Display the detailed trace online by entering sys tred parse Example P 660 gt sys trep channel enet0 none P 660 gt sys trep channel mpoa00 bothway P 660 gt sys trep sw on P 660 gt sys trcl sw on P 660 gt sys tred brief 0 12367 680 MPOAO00 R 0070 UDP 202 132 155 95 520 gt 202 132 155 255 520 1 12370 980 MPOA00 T 0062 TCP 202 132 155 97 10261 gt 192 31 7 130 80 P 660 gt sys tred parse lt 0000 gt LAN Frame MPOA00 RECV Size 1181 96 Time 12387 260 sec Frame Type TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 202 132 155 97
19. Protocol 0x06 TCP Header Checksum 0x3E71 15985 Source IP 0xC0A80102 192 168 1 2 Destination IP 0xC01F0782 192 31 7 130 TCP Header Source Port 0x045C 1116 Destination Port 0x0050 80 Sequence Number 0x00BD15A7 12391847 Ack Number 0x00000000 0 Header Length 28 Flags 0x02 S 100 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Window Size 0x2000 8192 Checksum OxBEC3 48835 Urgent Ptr 0x0000 0 Options 0000 02 04 05 B4 01 01 04 02 RAW DATA 0000 00 AO C5 92 13 11 00 80 C8 4C EA 63 08 00 45 00 L c E 0010 00 30 33 OB 40 00 80 06 3E 71 CO A8 0102 CO IF 03 gt 4q 0020 07 82 04 5C 00 50 00 BD 15 A7 00 00 00 00 70 02 P p 0030 20 00 BE C3 00 00 02 04 05 B4 01 01 0402 we lt 0 00 1 gt LAN Frame ENETO XMIT_ Size 58 58 Time 12090 020 sec Frame Type TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 192 168 1 2 1116 Ethernet Header Destination MAC Addr 0080C84CEA63 Source MAC Addr 00A0C5921311 Network Type 0x0800 TCP IP IP Header IP Version 4 Header Length 20 Type of Service 0x00 0 Total Length 0x002C 44 Idetification 0x57F3 22515 Flags 0x02 Fragment Offset 0x00 Time to Live OxED 237 Protocol 0x06 TCP Header Checksum OxAC8C 44172 Source IP 0xC01F0782 192 31 7 130 Destination IP 0xC0A80102 192 168
20. SeeMe has an IP of 192 168 1 34 then the default SUA server must be set to 192 168 1 34 The peer Cu SeeMe user can reach this workstation by using P 660 s WAN IP address which can be obtained from menu 24 1 Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address 1 Default Default 192 168 1 34 25 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bee ee HEAL a a one Seileore So S oe oS eee eS SiS Configure an Internal Server Behind SUA Prestige Remote client Web Server Introduction If you wish you can make internal servers e g Web ftp or mail server accessible for outside users even though SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world A service is identified by the port number Also since you need to specify the IP address of a server in the P 660 a server must have a fixed IP address and not be a DHCP client whose IP address potentially changes each time it is powered on In addition to the servers for specific services SUA supports a default server A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server If the default server is not defined the service request is simply discarded Configuration To make a server visible to the outside
21. Set Community public Trusted Host 192 168 1 33 Trap Community public Destination 192 168 1 33 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Key Settings Option Descriptions Get Enter the correct Get Community This Get Community must match the Get Community and GetNext community requested from the NMS The default is public Set Enter the correct Set Community This Set Community must match the Community Set community requested from the NMS The default is public Enter the IP address of the NMS The P 660 will only respond to SNMP Trusted Host messages coming from this IP address If 0 0 0 0 is entered the P 660 will respond to all NMS managers Trap Enter the community name in each sent trap to the NMS This Trap Community Community must match what the NMS is expecting The default is public Trap Enter the IP address of the NMS that you wish to send the traps to If 0 0 0 0 is Destination entered the P 660 will not send trap any NMS manager 9 Using syslog e P 660 Setup e UNIX Setup e ZyXEL Syslog Message Format P 660 Setup Menu 24 3 2 System Maintenance UNIX Syslog and Accounting UNIX Syslog Active Yes Syslog IP Address 192 168 1 33 78 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Log Facility Local 1 Types CDR No Packet triggered No Filter log No PPP log No Configuration 1 Active use the space bar to tur
22. Setup There are three internal virtual LAN interfaces for the P 660 to route the packets from to the three networks correctly They are enif0 for the major network enif0 0 for the IP alias 1 and enif0 1 for the IP alias 2 Therefore three routes are created in the P 660 as shown below when the three networks are configured If the P 660 s DHCP is also enabled the IP pool for the clients can be any of the three networks Copyright c 1994 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corp 82 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes ras gt ip ro st Dest FF Len Interface Gateway Metric stat Timer Use 192 168 3 0 0024 enif0 1 192 168 3 1 1 041b0 O 192 168 2 0 0024 enif0 0 192 168 2 1 1 041b0 O 192 168 1 0 0024 enifO 192 168 1 1 1 041b0 O Tas gt Two new protocol filter interfaces in menu 3 2 1 allow you to accept or deny LAN packets from to the IP alias 1 and IP alias 2 go through the P 660 The filter set in menu 3 1 is used for main network configured in menu 3 2 e IP Alias Setup 1 Edit the first network in menu 3 2 by configuring the P 660 s first LAN IP address Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup DHCP Setup DHCP Server Client IP Pool Starting Address 192 168 1 33 Size of Client IP Pool 6 Primary DNS Server 168 95 1 1 Secondary DNS Server 168 95 192 1 Remote DHCP Server N A TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction Both Versi
23. address of the computer is assigned by the ISP dynamically so you have to configure the computer as a DHCP client which obtains the IP from the ISP using DHCP protocol The ISP may also provide the gateway DNS via DHCP if they are available Otherwise please enter the static IP addresses for all that the ISP gives to you in the network TCP IP settings For Windows we check the option Obtain an IP address automatically in its TCP IP setup please see the example shown below All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes TCP IP Properties I AGgess napne ot bA ael SUONEN ESKE Setup your P 660 under bridge mode The following procedure shows you how to configure your P 660 as an ADSL Modem for bridging traffic We will use SMT menu to guide you through the related menu You can use console or Telnet for finishing these configurations 1 Configure P 660 as bridge mode in Menu 1 General Setup Menu 1 General setup System name P 660 Location Contact Person s Name Domain Name Edit Dynamic DNS No Route IP No Bridge Yes 2 Configure a LAN IP for the P 660 and turn off DHCP Server in Menu 3 2 TCP IP Ethernet Setup We use 192 168 1 1 in this case 16 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup DHCP Setup DHCP None Client IP Pool Starting Address N A
24. example re TFIP32 Of x File Options Help Host 192 168 1 1 Port 69 Timeout 10 Sendtimeoutto Server p Block Size Send Fetch 512 Local File prestige bin Match Files P Binary M ra Remote File fras Abort Press F1 for Help 16 44 18 The 192 168 1 1 is the IP address of the Prestige The local file is the source file of the ZyNOS firmware that is available in your hard disk The remote file is the file name that will be saved in Prestige Check the port number 69 and 512 Octet blocks for TFTP Check Binary mode for file transfering 105 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Using TFTP to upload download SMT configurations via LAN e TELNET to your Prestige first before running the TFTP software e Type the CI command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Menu 24 8 and stay in Menu 24 8 e Run the TFTP client software e To download the SMT configuration please get the remote file rom 0 from the Prestige e To upload the SMT configuration please save the remote file as rom 0 in the Prestige An example re TFIP32 Of x File Options Help Host 192 168 1 1 Port 69 Timeout fio I Send timeout to Server Block Size Send Fetch lz gt Local File prestige rom Match Files F Binary M ra Remote File from d Abort Press F1 for Help The 192 168 1 1 is the IP address of the Prest
25. is located on the local LAN you apply the policy set in menu 3 2 LAN interface If the gateway you specified is located on the remote WAN site you apply the policy set in menu 11 3 WAN interface Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup DHCP Setup DHCP Server Client IP Pool Starting Address 192 168 1 33 Size of Client IP Pool 32 Primary DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Secondary DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Remote DHCP Server N A TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction Both Version RIP 1 Multicast None IP Policies 1 Edit IP Alias No Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Menu 11 3 Remote Node Network Layer Options IP Options Bridge Options Rem IP Addr Ethernet Addr Timeout min N A Rem Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 My WAN Addr 0 0 0 0 NAT None Address Mapping Set N A 88 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Metric 2 Private No RIP Direction Both Version RIP 2B Multicast IGMP v2 IP Policies 1 Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL 12 Using Call Scheduling e What is Call Scheduling Call scheduling enables the mechanism for the P 660 to run the remote node connection according to the pre defined schedule This feature is just like the scheduler ina video recorder which records the program according to the specified time Users can apply at most 4 schedule sets in Menu 11 Remote Node Setup and configure each
26. the VPN Server dialog box for reaching the PPTP server After the VPN link is established you can start the network protocol application such as IP IPX and NetBEUI Connect To 21x a ao VPN User name Pptp Password pe M ave password VPN server 140 113 1 225 coos 5 Using Multi NAT What is Multi NAT NAT Network Address Translation NAT RFC 1631 is the translation of an Internet Protocol address used within one network to a different IP address known within another network One network is designated the inside network and the other is the outside Typically a company maps its local inside network addresses to one or more global outside IP addresses and unmaps the global IP addresses on incoming packets back into local IP addresses The IP addresses for the NAT can be either fixed or dynamically assigned by the ISP In addition you can designate servers e g a web server and a telnet server on your local network and make them accessible to the outside world If you do not define any servers NAT offers the additional benefit of firewall protection In such case all incoming connections to your network will be filtered out by the P 660 thus preventing intruders from probing your network The SUA feature that the P 660 supports previously operates by mapping the private IP addresses to a global IP address It is only one subset of the NAT The P 660 with ZyNOS V3 40 supports the most of the features o
27. the Filter Set number 1 64 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e Rule 1 Destination port number 137 with protocol number 6 TCP Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 137 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule e Rule 2 Destination port number 137 with protocol number 17 UDP Menu 21 1 2 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 2 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 137 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab N A More No Log None Action Matched Drop 65 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel e Rule 3 Destination port number 138 with protocol number 6 TCP Menu 21 1 3 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 3 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 138 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0
28. the Global Start IP IP En This is the ending global IP address IGA This field is N A for One to One Many to One and Server types Option Example One to One Many to One Many to Many Overload Many to Many No Overload Server 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 200 1 1 64 Note For all Local and Global IPs the End IP address must begin after the IP Start address i e you cannot have an End IP address beginning before the Start IP address 39 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes NAT Server Sets The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports similar to the old SUA menu of before If you wish you can make inside servers for different services e g Web or FTP visible to the outside users even though NAT makes your network appears as a single machine to the outside world A server is identified by the port number e g Web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21 As an example see the following figure if you have a Web server at 192 168 1 36 and a FTP server at 192 168 1 33 then you need to specify for port 80 Web the server at IP address 192 168 1 36 and for port 21 FTP another at IP address 192 168 1 33 FTP Server 192 168 1 33 Web Server Prestige 192 168 1 36 N Global IP assigned by the ISP Figure Configure Multiple Servers behind NAT Please note that a server can support more than one servic
29. the throughput 3 What is the micro filter used for Generally the voice band uses the lower frequency ranging from 0 to 4KHz while ADSL data transmission uses the higher frequency The micro filter acts as a low pass filter for your telephone set to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your voice transmissions For the details about how to connect the micro filter please refer to the user s manual 4 How do I know the ADSL line is up You can see the DSL LED on the P 660 s front panel is on when the ADSL physical layer is up 5 How does the P 660 work on a noisy ADSL Depending on the line quality the P 660 uses Fall Back and Fall Forward to automatically adjust the date rate All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 6 Does the VC based multiplexing perform better than the LLC based multiplexing Though the LLC based multiplexing can carry multiple protocols over a single VC it requires extra header information to identify the protocol being carried on the virtual circuit VC The VC based multiplexing needs a separate VC for carrying each protocol but it does not need the extra headers Therefore the VC based multiplexing is more efficient 7 How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics You can use the following CI commands to check the ADSL line statistics CI gt wan adsl perfdata CI gt wan adsl status CI gt sys log disp
30. to 1 apply the action in question Note Save Set in the Action field means to save the whole set You must do this if you make any changes to the set including deleting a rule No changes to the set take 38 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes place until this action is taken Be careful when ordering your rules as each rule is executed in turn beginning from the first rule Selecting Edit in the Action field and then selecting a rule brings up the following menu Menu 15 1 1 1 Address Mapping Rule in which you can edit an individual rule and configure the Type Local and Global Start End IPs displayed in Menu 15 1 1 Menu 15 1 1 1 Rule 1 Type One to One Local IP Start 0 0 0 0 End N A Global IP Start 0 0 0 0 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel The following table describes the fields in this screen Field Description Press SPACEBAR to toggle through a total of 5 types Type These are the mapping types discussed above plus a server type Some examples follow to clarify these a little more Start This is the starting local IP address ILA Local This is the ending local IP address ILA If the rule is for IP End _ all local IPs then put the Start IP as 0 0 0 0 and the End IP as 255 255 255 255 This field is N A for One to One type na This is the starting global IP address IGA If you have a Global dynamic IP enter 0 0 0 0 as
31. to Point PPP to provide a secure optimized multiple protocol network connection over dial up telephone lines All data sent over this connection can be encrypted and compressed and multiple network level protocols TCP IP NetBEUI and IPX can be run correctly Windows NT Domain Login level security is preserved even across the Internet RAS NT RAS M wan f isis koe cites Window98 PPTP Client Internet NT RAS Server Protocol Stack PPTP appears as new modem type Virtual Private Networking Adapter that can be selected when setting up a connection in the Dial Up Networking folder The VPN Adapter type does not appear elsewhere in the system Since PPTP encapsulates its data stream in the PPP protocol the VPN requires a second dial up adapter This second dial up adapter for VPN is added during the installation phase of the Upgrade in addition to the first dial up adapter that provides PPP support for the analog or ISDN modem The PPTP is supported in Windows NT and Windows 98 already For Windows 95 it needs to be upgraded by the Dial Up Networking 1 2 upgrade 28 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Configuration This application note explains how to establish a PPTP connection with a remote private network in the P 660 SUA case In ZyNOS all PPTP packets can be forwarded to the internal PPTP Server WinNT server behind SUA The port number of the PPTP has
32. to be entered in the SMT Menu 15 for P 660 to forward to the appropriate private IP address of Windows NT server Prestige PPTP Client PPTP Server Example The following example shows how to dial to an ISP via the P 660 and then establish a tunnel to a private network There will be three items that you need to set up for PPTP application these are PPTP server WinNT PPTP client Win9x and the P 660 1 PPTP server setup WinNT e Add the VPN service from Control Panel gt Network e Add an user account for PPTP logged on user e Enable RAS port e Select the network protocols from RAS such as IPX TCP IP NetBEUI e Set the Internet gateway to P 660 2 PPTP client setup Win9x e Add one VPN connection from Dial Up Networking by entering the correct username amp password and the IP address of the P 660 s Internet IP address for logging to NT RAS server e Set the Internet gateway to the router that is connecting to ISP 3 P 660 router setup 29 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e Before making a VPN connection from Win9x to WinNT server you need to connect P 660 router to your ISP first e Enter the IP address of the PPTP server WinNT server and the port number for PPTP as shown below Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address 1 Default Default 0 0 0 0 2 1723 1723 192 168 1 10 3
33. world specify the port number of the service and the inside address of the server in Menu 15 2 1 Multiple Server Configuration 26 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes The outside users can access the local server using the P 660 s WAN IP address which can be obtained from menu 24 1 For example Configuring an internal Web server for outside access Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address Default Default 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 wn w Soo eae Soe eee Sooo eS Se eoee Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Port numbers for some services Service Port Number FTP 21 Telnet 23 SMTP 25 DNS Domain Name Server 53 www http Web 80 Configure a PPTP server behind SUA Introduction 27 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes PPTP is a tunneling protocol defined by the PPTP forum that allows PPP packets to be encapsulated within Internet Protocol IP packets and forwarded over any IP network including the Internet itself In order to run the Windows 9x PPTP client you must be able to establish an IP connection with a tunnel server such as the Windows NT Server 4 0 Remote Access Server Windows Dial Up Networking uses the Internet standard Point
34. 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 Be 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 dhe 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel When you have finished the above settings you can ping to the remote Win9x client from WinNT This ping command is used to demonstrate that remote the Win9x can be reached across the Internet If the Internet connection between two LANS is achievable you can place a VPN call from the remote Win9x client For example C ping 203 66 113 2 When a dial up connection to ISP is established a default gateway is assigned to the router traffic through that connection Therefore the output below shows the default gateway of the Win9x client after the dial up connection has been established Before making a VPN connection from the Win9x client to the NT server you need to know the exact Internet IP address that the ISP assigns to P 660 router in SUA mode and enter this IP address in the VPN dial up dialog box You can check this Internet 30 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes IP address from PNC Monitor or SMT Menu 24 1 If the Internet IP address is a fixed IP address provided by ISP in SUA mode then you can always use this IP address for reaching the VPN server In the following example the IP address 140 113 1 225 is dynamically assigned by ISP You must enter this IP address in
35. 00 Duration hh mm 16 00 90 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Action Enable Dial on demand Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Key Settings Start date of this schedule rule It can be unmatched with weekday setting For Start Date example if Start Date is 2000 10 02 Monday but Monday setting in weekday can be No If once is selected all weekday settings will ne marked as N A After the rule How Often i TO is completely it will be deleted automatically The node will always keep up during the setting period It is equivalent to Forced On diable the idel timeout The node will always keep doen during the setting period The connected Forced Down remote node will be dropped ee The remote node accepts Dial on demand during this period Disable The remote node denies any demand dial during the period For the existing Dial On Demand connected nodes it will be dropped after idle timeout and no triggered up Start Time Start Time and Duration of this schedule Duration e Apply the schedule to the Remote node Multiple scheduling rules can program in a Remote node and they have priority For example if we program the sets as 1 2 3 4 in remote node then the set 1 will override set 2 3 4 set 2 will override 3 4 and so on Menu 11 1 Remote Node Profile Rem Node Name CHT Route IP Active Yes Bridge No Encapsulation PPPoE Edi
36. 1 2 TCP Header Source Port 0x0050 80 Destination Port 0x045C 1116 Sequence Number 0x4AD1B57F 1255257471 Ack Number 0x00BD15A8 12391848 Header Length 24 Flags 0x12 A S Window Size OxFAFO 66040 Checksum 0xF877 63607 Urgent Ptr 0x0000 0 101 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Options 0000 02 04 05 B4 RAW DATA 0000 00 80 C8 4C EA 63 00 A0 C5 92 13 11 08 00 45 00 L c E 0010 00 2C 57 F3 40 00 ED 06 AC 8C CO 1F 07 82 CO A8 W 0020 01 02 00 50 04 5C 4A D1 B5 7F 00 BD 15 A860 12 _ PAJ gt 0030 FA FO F8 77 00 00 02 04 05 B4 War lt 0002 gt LAN Frame ENETO RECV_ Size 60 60 Time 12090 210 sec Frame Type TCP 192 168 1 2 1116 gt 192 31 7 130 80 Ethernet Header Destination MAC Addr 00A0C5921311 Source MAC Addr 0080C84CEA63 Network Type 0x0800 TCP IP IP Header IP Version 4 Header Length 20 Type of Service 0x00 0 Total Length 0x0028 40 Idetification 0x350B 13579 Flags 0x02 Fragment Offset 0x00 Time to Live 0x80 128 Protocol 0x06 TCP Header Checksum 0x3C79 15481 Source IP 0xC0A80102 192 168 1 2 Destination IP 0xC01F0782 192 31 7 130 TCP Header Source Port 0x045C 1116 Destination Port 0x0050 80 Sequence Number 0x00BD15A8 12391848 Ack Number 0x4AD1B580 1255257472 Header
37. 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Support Tool 1 LAN WAN Packet Trace The Prestige packet trace records and analyzes packets running on LAN and WAN interfaces It is designed for users with technical backgrounds who are interested in the details of the packet flow on LAN or WAN end of Prestige It is also very helpful for diagnostics if you have compatibility problems with your ISP or if you want to know the details of a packet for configuring a filter rule The format of the display is as following Packet O0 11880 160 ENETO R 0062 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 index timer second channel receive transmit length protocol sourceIP port destIP port There are two ways to dump the trace e Online Trace display the trace real time on screen e Offline Trace capture the trace first and display later The details for capturing the trace in SMT menu 24 8 are as follows Online Trace e Trace LAN packet e Trace WAN packet 1 Trace LAN packet e Disable to capture the WAN packet by entering sys trep channel mpoa00 none e Enable to capture the LAN packet by entering sys trep channel enet0 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trep sw on amp sys trel sw on e Display the brief trace online by entering sys tred brief e Display the detailed trace online by entering sys tred parse Example P 660 gt sys trep channel mpoa00 none P 660 gt sys trcp channel
38. 4500002c 1b014000 1 f06b50ec0a866 1 4ca849a7b0427001700195b3e00000000600220008cd 40000020405b4 3 Filter log This message is available when the Log is enabled in the filter rule setting The message consists of the packet header and the log of the filter rules Format sdcmdSyslogSend S YSLOG_FILLOG SYSLOG_NOTICE String String IP Src xx xx xx xx Dst xx xx Xx xxX prot SpO xxxx dpo xxxx S04 gt RO01mD IP is the packet header and S04 gt RO1mD means filter set 4 S and rule 1 R match m drop D Src Source Address Dst Destination Address prot Protocol TCP UDP ICMP spo Source port dpo Destination port Example Jul 19 14 44 09 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp IP Src 202 132 154 1 Dst 192 168 1 33 UDP spo 0035 dpo 05d4 S03 gt RO1mF Jul 19 14 44 13 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp IP Src 192 168 1 33 Dst 202 132 154 1 ICMP S03 gt R01mF 4 PPP Log Format sdcmdSyslogSend SYSLOG_PPPLOG SYSLOG_NOTICE String String ppp Proto Starting ppp Proto Opening ppp Proto Closing ppp Proto Shutdown Proto LCP ATCP BACP BCP CBCP CCP CHAP PAP IPCP IPXCP Example Jul 19 11 43 25 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp LCP Starting Jul 19 11 43 29 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp IPCP Starting Jul 19 11 43 34 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp CCP Starting Jul 19 11 43 38 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp BACP Starting 81 All contents
39. 6 protocol with port number 53 or c DNS packet UDP 17 protocol with port number 53 For all workstation on the LAN the source IP address will be 0 0 0 0 Otherwise you have to enter an IP Address for the workstation you want to block See the procedure for configuring this filter below 1 Create a filter set in Menu 21 e g set 1 2 Create three filter rules in Menu 21 1 1 Menu 21 1 2 Menu 21 1 3 Rule 1 block the HTTP packet TCP 06 protocol with port number 80 Rule 2 block the DNS packet TCP 06 protocol with port number 53 Rule 3 block the DNS packet UDP 17 protocol with port number 53 Oo Apply the filter set in menu 4 55 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 1 Create a filter set in Menu 21 Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration Filter Filter Set Comments Set Comments 1 Web Request 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 3 11 6 12 Enter Filter Set Number to Configure 1 Edit Comments Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 2 Rule 1 for a http packet TCP 06 Port number 80 Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 80 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press
40. CP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 6 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 139 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None TCP Estab N A More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel After the first filter set is finished you will get the complete rules summary as below Menu 21 2 Filter Rules Summary A Type Filter Rules Mmn 1 YIP Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 137 2 YIP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 137 3 YIP Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 138 4 YIP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 138 S YIP Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 139 6 YIP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 139 NDN NDN NDN NDN NDN NDF Apply the first filter set NetBIOS_WAN to the Output Protocol Filter in the remote node setup Configure the second filter set NetBIOS_LAN by selecting the Filter Set number 2 68 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Rule 1 Source port number 137 Destination port number 53 with protocol number 6 TCP Menu 21 2 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 2 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 53 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0
41. ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 3 Rule 2 for b DNS request TCP 06 Port number 53 56 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 21 1 2 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 2 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 53 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 4 Rule 3 for c DNS packet UDP 17 Port number 53 Menu 21 1 2 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 3 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 53 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port Port Comp None TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 57 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 5 After the three rules are completed you will see the rule summary in Menu 21 Menu 21 1 Filter Rules Summary A Type Filter Rules Mmn 1 Y IP_ Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 80 NDN 2 YIP Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 53 NDN 3 YIP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 53 NDF 6 App
42. IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 137 Port Comp Equal TCP Estab No More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 1 Rule 2 Source port number 137 Destination port number 53 with protocol number 17 UDP Menu 21 2 2 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 2 2 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 53 Port Comp Equal Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 137 Port Comp Equal TCP Estab N A More No Log None 69 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 2 After the first filter set is finished you will get the complete rules summary as below Menu 21 2 Filter Rules Summary A Type Filter Rules Mmn 1 YIP Pr 6 SA 0 0 0 0 SP 137 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 53 NDN 2 YIP Pr 17 SA 0 0 0 0 SP 137 DA 0 0 0 0 DP 53 NDF 3 Apply the filter set NetBIOS_LAN in the Input protocol filters in the Menu 3 for blocking the packets from LAN Menu 3 1 General Ethernet Setup Input Filter Sets protocol filters 2 device filters Output Filter Sets protocol filters device filters 7 Using the Dynamic DNS DDNS e What is DDNS The DDNS service an IP Registry provides a public central database where
43. L Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Step 3 Now we configure all other incoming traffic to go to our web server aand mail server from Menu 15 2 2 NAT Server Setup not Set 1 Set 1 is used for SUA Only case Menu 15 2 2 NAT Server Setup Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address Default Default 0 0 0 0 80 80 192 168 1 20 25 192 168 1 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N un 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sotelo So Se Se eo Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 4 Support Non NAT Friendly Applications Some servers providing Internet applications such as some mIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address In this case it is better to use Many to Many No Overload or One to One NAT mapping types thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address The following figure illustrates this 48 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes User 1 ILA1 192 168 1 10 Prestige User 2 ILA2 192 168 1 11 User 3 ILA3 192 168 1 12 3 ILAs lt gt 3 IGAs 3 ILAs map to 3 IGAs using Many to Many No Overload or One to One One rule configured for using Many to Many No Overload mapping type is shown below Menu 15 1 1 1 Rule 1 Type Many to Many No Overload Local IP Start 192 168 1 10 End 192 168 1 12 Global IP Start Enter IGA1 End
44. N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 45 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Rule 2 Setup Selecting One to One type to map the FTP Server 2 with ILA2 192 168 1 11 to IGA2 Menu 15 1 1 2 Rule 2 Type One to One Local IP Start 192 168 1 11 End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA2 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Rule 3 Setup Select Many to One type to map the other clients to IGA3 Menu 15 1 1 3 Rule 3 Type Many to One Local IP Start 0 0 0 0 End 255 255 255 255 Global IP Start Enter IGA3 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Rule 4 Setup Select Server type to map our web server and mail server with ILA3 192 168 1 20 to IGA3 46 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 15 1 1 4 Rule 4 Type Server Local IP Start N A End N A Global IP Start Enter IGA3 End N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel When we have configured all four rules Menu 15 1 1 should look as follows Menu 15 1 1 Address Mapping Rules Set Name Example3 Idx Local Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Type 1 192 168 1 10 IGA1 1 1 2 192 168 1 11 IGA2 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 IGA3 M 1 4 IGA3 Server 3 6 7 8 9 10 Press ESC or RETURN to Exit 47 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXE
45. NOS routers supported the SUA only option in today s routers Many to Many Overload In Many to Many Overload mode the P 660 maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA 32 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Many to Many No Overload In Many to Many No Overload mode the P 660 maps each ILA to unique IGA Server In Server mode the P 660 maps multiple inside servers to one global IP address This allows us to specify multiple servers of different types behind the NAT for outside access Note if you want to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One to One mode The following table summarizes these types Mapping ATT IPM N ype appine Direction One to One ILA1 lt gt IGA1 Both ILA1 gt IGA1 Many to One A SUA PAT ILA2 gt IGA1 Outgoing ILA1 gt IGA1 ILA2 gt IGA2 ee N ILA3 gt IGA1 Outgoing vena ILA4 gt IGA2 ILA1 gt IGA1 Dee Se Many NC raresa Overload Allocate b ILA3 gt IGA2 Outgoing eier ILA4 gt IGA4 Connections Server 1 aces IP lt IGA1 aaeana erve Server 2 se IP lt IGA1 SUA Versus NAT SUA Single User Account in previous ZyNOS versions is a NAT set with 2 rules Many to One and Server The P 660 now has Full Feature NAT support to map global IP addresses to local IP addresses of clients or servers With multiple global IP addresses multiple severs of the same type e g FTP servers are allowed on the
46. One mode the P 660 maps one ILA to one IGA 2 Many to One In Many to One mode the P 660 maps multiple ILA to one IGA This is equivalent to SUA i e PAT port address translation ZyXEL s Single User Account feature that previous ZyNOS routers supported the SUA only option in today s routers 3 Many to Many Overload In Many to Many Overload mode the P 660 maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 4 Many One to One In Many One to One mode the P 660 maps each ILA to unique IGA 5 Server In Server mode the P 660 maps multiple inside servers to one global IP address This allows us to specify multiple servers of different types behind the NAT for outside access Note if you want to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One to One mode The following table summarizes these types NAT Type IP Mapping One to One ILA1 lt gt IGA1 noe ILA1 lt gt IGA1 SUA PAT ILA2 lt gt IGA1 ILA1 lt gt IGA1 ILA2 lt SIGA2 pe eas ILA3 lt gt IGAI eee ILA4 lt gt IGA2 ILA1 lt gt IGA1 Many ILA2 lt gt IGA2 ILA3 lt gt IGA3 One to One ILA4 lt gt IGA4 Server 1 IP lt gt IGA1 Seryer Server 2 IP lt gt IGA1 16 How many network users can the SUA NAT support The Prestige does not limit the number of the users but the number of the sessions The P 660 supports 1024 sessions that you ca
47. P 660 series Support Notes For P 660R T1 T3 T7 Version3 40 Nov 2005 ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes INDEX LS NOS BAD ives seeders n e setae Gerdes ae wees 3 ls WhatisZyNOS tan okorne eaa aa soap tas sa ga da eas age aie 3 2 How do I access the Prestige SMT Menu e ce ceeececeencecesececseeeeceeeeeesteeeeeees 3 3 What is the default console port baud rate Moreover how do I change it 3 4 How do I update the firmware and configuration file 0 0 eee eeeeeeeeeeeee 3 5 How do I upload the ZyNOS firmware code via console 0 0 eee eeeeeeeeeereees 3 6 How do I upgrade backup the ZyNOS firmware by using TFTP client program ALIN AE Barn GS ale tale ae cache cal ed ad ea Nee a rain uate 4 7 How do I upload ROMFILE via console port oo cee eee eeseceseceeeeesneeeeseenseeseees 4 8 How do I restore SMT configurations by using TFTP client program via LAN efivspied Dal Gece ve AIG cd aa cawdpind Wes olale ig adeeb eda tueesa nds ede daiadell ad a casieies ettedetetaneaetied 4 9 What should I do if I forget the system password ceeceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeees 4 10 How to use the Reset DUCE ae pcs ened cee te ret ett aries oie amie semied nedesnels 5 11 What is SUA When should I use SUA 0 eee ee ceeeecceeeeeeoeeeeceeteneennensontees 5 12 What is the difference between SUA and Multi NAT ooeec 5 13 Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside Internet If possible HOW oilers
48. ables such as IP routing table in managed devices Traps The managed devices to asynchronously report certain events to NMSs use trap NMS Applic ation Managed Managed Managed device device device Figure 1 SNMP Management Model e SNMPv1 Operations SNMP itself is a simple request response protocol 4 SNMPv1 operations are defined as below e Get Allows the NMS to retrieve an object variable from the agent e GetNext Allows the NMS to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an agent In SNMPv1 when a NMS wants to retrieve all elements of a table 74 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes from an agent it initiates a Get operation followed by a of GetNext operations e Set Allows the NMS to set values for object variables within an agent e Trap Used by the agent to inform the NMS of some events The SNMPv1 messages contains two part The first part contains a version and a community name The second part contains the actual SNMP protocol data unit PDU specifying the operation to be performed Get Set and so on and the object values involved in the operation The following figure shows the SNMPv1 message format SNMP Message _______ Object 3 Value 2 Value 3 Bindings Figure 2 SNMPv1 Message Format The SNMP PDU contains the following fields e PDU type Specifies the type of PDU e Req
49. al 5 The P 660 supports Bridge and Router mode what s the difference between them When the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet that means only the traffic to from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered In this case we use bridge mode which works as an ADSL modem to connect to the ISP The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access they have to add another Internet sharing device like a router In All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes this case we use the router mode which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem 6 How do I know I am using PPPoE PPPoE requires a user account to login to the provider s server If you need to configure a user name and password on your computer to connect to the ISP you are probably using PPPoE If you are simply connected to the Internet when you turn on your computer you probably are not You can also check your ISP or the information sheet given by the ISP Please choose PPPoE as the encapsulation type in the P 660 if the ISP uses PPPoE 7 Why does my provider use PPPoE PPPoE emulates a familiar Dial Up connection It allows your ISP to provide services using their existing network configuration over the broadband connectio
50. ar as a single computer to the Internet it is not possible to configure similar servers on the same LAN behind SUA Because White Pine Cu SeeMe uses dedicate ports port 7648 amp port 24032 to transmit and receive data therefore only one local Cu SeeMe is allowed within the same LAN In SUA mode only one local NetMeeting user is allowed because the outsiders can not distinguish between local users using the same internet IP Certain Quake servers do not allow multiple users to login using the same unique IP so only one Quake user will be allowed in this case Moreover when a Quake server is configured behind SUA P 660 will not be able to provide information of that server on the internet Quake II has the same limitations as that of Quake I P 660 support MSN Messenger 4 6 4 7 5 0 video voice pass through NAT since new firmware version In addition for the Windows OS supported UPnP Universal Plug and Play such as Windows XP and Windows ME UPnP supported in P 660 is an alternative solution to pass through MSN Messenger video voice traffic For more detail please refer to UPnP application note P 660 support Microsoft Xbox Live since the new firmware version If your P 660 firmware is too old to support such function you may have a work around solution please refer to ZyXEL website gt Support gt Xbox Live service http www zyxel com support xbox htm Configurations For example if the workstation operating Cu
51. ate PCR 0 Sustain Cell Rate SCR 0 Maximum Burst Size MBS 0 Key Settings Option Description VPI amp VCI Specify a VPI Virtual Path Identifier and a VCI Virtual Channel Identifier number given to you by your ISP 2 Internet Access Using P 660 under Router mode For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access they have to install an Internet sharing device like a router In this case we use the P 660 which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem See the figure below for this setup SOHO Network Prestige Internet Figure Intemet Access Using P652 Set up your workstation 1 Ethernet connection All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Connect the LAN ports of all computers and the P 660 to a HUB using a straight Ethernet cable 2 TCP IP configuration Since the P 660 is set to DHCP server as default so you need only to configure the workstations as the DHCP clients in the networking settings In this case the IP address of the computer is assigned by the P 660 The P 660 can also provide the DNS to the clients via DHCP if it is available For this setup in Windows we check the option Obtain an IP address automatically in its TCP IP setup Please see the example shown below TCP IP Properties 2 x Bindings Advanced NetBIOS DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Confi
52. cal Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Type Ne e I ON SS gt Action Edit Select Rule 0 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel We will just look at the differences from the previous menu Note that this screen is not read only so we have extra Action and Select Rule fields Not also that the in the Set Name field means that this is a required field and you must enter a name for the set The description of the other fields is as described above The Type Local and Global Start End IPs are configured in Menu 15 1 1 described later and the values are displayed here Field Description Option Enter a name for this set of rules This is a required field Please Set Name i Rulel note that if this field is left blank the entire set will be deleted They are 4 actions The default is Edit Edit means you want to edit a selected rule see following field Insert Before means to insert a new rule before the rule selected The rule after the selected rule will Insert Before Delete Save Set advanced one rule Save Set means to save the whole set note when Action then be moved down by one rule Delete means to delete the selected rule and then all the rules after the selected one will be you choose this action the Select Rule item will be disabled When you choose Edit Insert Before or Save Set in the previous Select Rule field the cursor jumps to this field to allow you to select the rule
53. copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Jul 19 11 43 43 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp IPCP Opening Jul 19 11 43 51 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp CCP Opening Jul 19 11 43 55 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp BACP Opening Jul 19 11 44 00 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp LCP Closing Jul 19 11 44 05 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp IPCP Closing Jul 19 11 44 09 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp CCP Closing Jul 19 11 44 14 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp ppp BACP Closing 10 Using IP Alias e What is IP Alias In a typical environment a LAN router is required to connect two local networks The P 660 can connect three local networks to the ISP or a remote node we call this function as IP Alias In this case an internal router is not required For example the network manager can divide the local network into three networks and connect them to the Internet using P 660 s single user account See the figure below LANI 192 168 1 0 24 LAN2 192 168 2 0 24 ISP LAN3 192 168 3 0 24 The Prestige s IP Alias connects three local networks to the Internet The P 660 supports three virtual LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface The first network can be configured in menu 3 2 as usual The second and third networks that we call IP Alias 1 and IP Alias 2 can be configured in menu 3 2 1 IP Alias
54. d LAN users are invisible to outside users However some applications such as Cu SeeMe and ICQ will need to connect to the local user behind the P 660 In such case a SUA server must be entered in menu 15 2 1 to forward the incoming packets to the true destination behind SUA Generally we do not need extra settings of menu 15 2 1 for an outgoing connection But for some applications we need to configure the menu 15 2 1 to make the outgoing connection work After the required menu 15 2 1 settings are completed the internal server or client applications can be accessed by using the P 660 s WAN IP address SUA Supporting Table The following are the required menu 15 2 1 settings for the various applications running SUA mode ZyXEL SUA Supporting Table None 80 client IP FTP None 21 client IP TELNET None 23 client IP and remove Telnet filter in WAN port POP3 None 110 client IP SMTP None 25 client IP None for Chat mIRC For DCC please set Default Client IP 23 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL Windows PPTP ICQ 99a ICQ 2000b ICQ Phone 2000b Cornell 1 1 Cu SeeMe White Pine 3 1 2 Cu SeeMe White Pine 4 0 Cu SeeMe Microsoft NetMeeting 2 1 amp 3 01 Cisco IP TV 2 0 0 RealPlayer G2 VDOLive Quake 1 06 QuakelI2 30 Quakelll 1 05 beta StartCraft Quick Time 4 0 pcAnywhere 8 0 IPsec ESP tunneling mode Microsoft Messenger Service 3 0 Micro
55. e e g a server can provide both FTP and Mail service while another provides only Web service The following procedures show how to configure a server behind NAT Step 1 Enter 15 in the Main Menu to go to Menu 15 NAT Setup Step 2 Enter 2 to go to Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Step 3 Enter the service port number in the Port field and the inside IP address of the server in the IP Address field Step 4 Press SPACEBAR at the Press ENTER to confirm prompt to save your configuration after you define all the servers or press ESC at any time to cancel Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address 1 Default Default 0 0 0 0 21 21 192 168 1 33 3 80 80 192 168 1 36 40 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sao o oe eS ero Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel The most often used port numbers are shown in the following table Please refer RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers Service Port Number FTP 21 Telnet 23 SMTP 25 DNS Domain Name Server 53 www http Web 80 PPTP Point to Point Tunneling 1723 Protocol Examples e Internet Access Only e Internet Access with an Internal Server e Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers e Support Non NAT Friendly Application
56. e using the IP address assigned by ISP When reply packets from the external Internet are received by Prestige the original IP source address and TCP UDP source port numbers are written into the destination fields of the packet since it is now moving in the opposite direction the checksums are recomputed and the packet is delivered to its true destination This is because SUA keeps a table of the IP addresses and port numbers of the local systems currently using it 12 What is the difference between SUA and Multi NAT SUA Single User Account in previous ZyNOS versions is a NAT set with 2 rules Many to One and Server The P 660 now has Full Feature NAT support to map global IP addresses to local IP addresses of clients or servers With multiple global IP addresses multiple severs of the same type e g FTP servers are allowed on the LAN for outside access In previous ZyNOS versions that supported SUA visible servers had to be of different types The P 660 supports NAT sets on a remote node basis They are reusable but only one set is allowed for each remote node The P 660 supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote node The default SUA Read Only Set in menu 15 1 255 is a convenient pre configured read only Many to One mapping set sufficient for most purposes and helpful to people already familiar with SUA in previous ZyNOS versions All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support N
57. eeeeeseeeeeteeeeeeees 14 General Application Notes cccsscccssssessssceessscesssscesssscesssscessseceenceeeneeessneees 15 1 Internet Access Using P 660 under Bridge mode ssssessseeesseesseessesseresseee 15 2 Internet Access Using P 660 under Router mode eeeeeeseeeeerrerreereresreee 18 3 Setup the P 660 as a DHCP Relay isccisssccasssssesasasapticrvatedeatanchanertesedetawseaa eases 21 ASUA NOTES eaaa ra a S NEEE aa S S NN 22 De Usina M li FNA Doene a E E E E 31 6 About Filter amp Filter Examples iacctecsilaaayertondantat eno aeatetoniontaen 50 7 Using the Dynamic DNS DDNS 0 eeececeencecesececeseeeceeeecseeeeceeeeenteeeenaeees 70 8 Network Management Using SNMP eeesseceencecceeeeeceeeeeceneeesneeeenaeersnas 12 D USINE SYSlO E a ie a a a e a a s i artes 78 10 UsmEIP Ala ai aoe Paella arcane lace aata ata alae ah E 82 11 Using IP Policy Routing cis cc jiccssescadvaccvsaenasussaisiurjeeasacossadss dovcdeea wesadevaeseactasce 84 V2 Using Call Sched lint orien nen a e E EEA Eea 89 13 Using IP MIMIC ASU yc te ninien a E E A R e 92 TA Using Zero2 One uration e iane enaa E E E SS 94 SIESS OLOI a aa KITO OERE EE E ees ae 99 IEAN IWAN Packet Traces iee aa ee eee at 99 Online Traces lasorto S a asian ns 99 Offline Tracers an e Ea E RRE EO ETRE E i 104 2 Firmware Configurations Uploading and Downloading using TFTP 105 Using TFTP client SON W ales spscagecseccteas ve acaceiaetdsavaccuaku
58. enetO bothway P 660 gt sys trcp sw on 99 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes P 660 gt sys trcl sw on P 660 gt sys tred brief O 11880 160 ENETO R 0062 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 1 11883 100 ENETO R 0062 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 2 11883 330 ENETO T 0058 TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 192 168 1 2 1108 3 11883 340 ENETO R 0060 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 4 11883 340 ENETO R 0339 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 5 11883 610 ENETO T 0054 TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 192 168 1 2 1108 6 11883 620 ENETO T 0102 TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 192 168 1 2 1108 7 11883 630 ENETO T 0054 TCP 192 31 7 130 80 gt 192 168 1 2 1108 8 11883 630 ENETO R 0060 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 9 11883 650 ENETO R 0060 TCP 192 168 1 2 1108 gt 192 31 7 130 80 10 11883 650 ENETO R 0062 TCP 192 168 1 2 1109 gt 192 31 7 130 80 P 660 gt sys tred parse lt 0000 gt LAN Frame ENETO RECV Size 62 62 Time 12089 790 sec Frame Type TCP 192 168 1 2 1116 gt 192 31 7 130 80 Ethernet Header Destination MAC Addr 00A0C5921311 Source MAC Addr 0080C84CEA63 Network Type 0x0800 TCP IP IP Header IP Version 4 Header Length 20 Type of Service 0x00 0 Total Length 0x0030 48 Idetification 0x330B 13067 Flags 0x02 Fragment Offset 0x00 Time to Live 0x80 128
59. er sets The sequence of the logic flow for the packet from WAN to LAN is WAN device input filter sets If SUA is enabled SUA converts the destination IP address from 203 205 115 6 to 92 168 1 33 and port number from 4034 to 1023 WAN protocol input filter sets LAN device and protocol output filter sets Protocol Filter Device Filter Sets 203 205 115 6 4034 Fikar Seti 192 168 1 331023 203 205 115 6 403 192 1681 331023 Figure 1 Packet Logic Flow in ZyNOS Generic and TCP IP and IPX filter rules are in different filter sets The SMT will detect and prevent the mixing of different category rules within any filter set in Menu 21 In the following example you will receive an error message Protocol and device filter rules cannot be active together if you try to activate a TCP IP or IPX filter rule in a filter set that has already had one or more active Generic filter rules You will receive the same error if you try to activate a Generic filter rule in a filter set that has already had one or more active TCP IP or IPX filter rules Menu 21 1 1 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation 52 ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 21 1 1 Generic Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type Generic Filter Rule Active Yes Offset 0 Length 0 Mask N A Value N A More No Log None Action Matched Check Next Rule Action Not Matched Check Next Rule Menu 21 1 2
60. ers Output Filter Sets protocol filters device filters SMT will also prevent you from entering a protocol filter set configured in Menu 21 to the device filters field in Menu 3 1 11 5 or entering a device filter set to the protocol filters field Even though SMT will prevent the inconsistency from being entered in ZyNOS it is unable to resolve the intermixing problems existing in the 54 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes filter sets that were configured before Instead when ZyNOS translates the old configuration into the new format it will verify the filter rules and log the inconsistencies Please check the system log Menu 24 3 1 before putting your device into use In order to avoid operational problems later the P 660 will disable its routing bridging functions if there is an inconsistency among its filter rules Filter Examples A filter for blocking the web service A filter for blocking a specific client A filter for blocking a specific MAC address A filter for blocking the NetBIOS packets eM E A filter for blocking the web service Configuration Before configuring a filter you need to know the following information 1 The outbound packet type protocol amp port number 2 The source IP address Generally the outbound packets for Web service could be as following a HTTP packet TCP 06 protocol with port number 80 b DNS packet TCP 0
61. erwise the hunting will get confusing and failed 2 VC auto hunting only supports dynamic WAN IP address If the router is set a static WAN IP address VC auto hunting function will be disabled The entry of hunting pool must also contain the VPI VCI and which kinds of hunting patterns you wish to send Whenever system send out all the probing patterns with specific VPI VCI system will wait for 5 10 seconds and get the response from ISP the response patterns will decide which kinds of ADSL services of the line will be After that system will save back the correct VPI VCI and also services encapsulation type into profile of WAN interface 94 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e Configure the VC auto hunting preconfigured table 1 Display auto haunting preconfigured table by using CI command from menu 24 8 wan atm vchunt disp 2 Add items to the auto haunting preconfigured table by useing CI commands wan atm vchunt add lt remoteNodeIndex gt lt vpi gt lt vci gt lt service bit hex gt wan atm vchunt save Note lt remote node gt input the remote node index 1 8 lt vpi gt vpi value lt vci gt vci value lt service gt it s a hex value bit0 PPPoE VC 1 bitl PPPoE LLC 2 bit2 PPPoA VC 4 bit3 PPPoA LLC 8 bit4 Enet VC 16 bitS Enet LLC 32 For examples If you need service PPPoE LLC and Enet LLC then the service bits will be
62. et field in the remote node setup A filter for blocking a specific MAC address This configuration example shows you how to use a Generic Filter to block a specific MAC address of the LAN Before you Begin 59 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Before you configure the filter you need to know the MAC address of the client first The MAC address can be provided by the NICs If there is the LAN packet passing through the P 660 you can identify the uninteresting MAC address from the P 660 s LAN packet trace Please have a look at the following example to know the trace of the LAN packets ras gt sys trcp channel enet0 bothway ras gt sys trcp sw on Now a client on the LAN is trying to ping Prestige ras gt sys trep sw off ras gt sys trcp disp TIME 37c060 enetO RECV len 74 call 0 0000 00 a0 c5 01 23 45 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 08 00 45 00 0010 00 3c eb Oc 00 00 20 01 e3 ea ca 84 9b 5d ca 84 0020 9b 63 08 00 45 5c 03 00 05 00 61 62 63 64 65 66 0030 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 0040 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 TIME 37c060 enetO XMIT len 74 call 0 0000 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 00 a0 c5 01 23 45 08 00 45 00 0010 00 3c 00 07 00 00 fe 01 f0 ef ca 84 9b 63 ca 84 0020 9b 5d 00 00 4d 5c 03 00 05 00 61 62 63 64 65 66 0030 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 0040 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 The detailed format of the Ether
63. f the NAT based on RFC 1631 and 31 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes we call this feature as Multi NAT For more information on IP address translation please refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT How NAT works If we define the local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses ILA and the global IP addresses as the Inside Global Address IGA see the following figure The term inside refers to the set of networks that are subject to translation NAT operates by mapping the ILA to the IGA required for communication with hosts on other networks It replaces the original IP source address and TCP or UDP source port numbers and then forwards each packet to the Internet ISP thus making them appear as if they had come from the NAT system itself e g the P 660 router The P 660 keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets can have their original values restored Prestige ISP ILA Inside Local Addresses ILA IGA IGA Inside Global Addresses Figure1 Local Global IP Addresses NAT Mapping Types NAT supports five types of IP port mapping They are One to One In One to One mode the P 660 maps one ILA to one IGA Many to One In Many to One mode the P 660 maps multiple ILA to one IGA This is equivalent to SUA i e PAT port address translation ZyXEL s Single User Account feature that previous Zy
64. guration IP Address An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask your network administrator for an address and then type it in the space below C Specify an IP address mer east TS S Subnet Mess Set up your P 660 The following procedure shows you how to configure your P 660 as Router mode for routing traffic We will use SMT menu to guide you through the related menu You can use console or Telnet for finishing these configurations 1 Configure P 660 as router mode in Menu 1 General Setup Menu 1 General Setup System Name P 660 Location All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Contact Person s Name Domain Name Edit Dynamic DNS No Route IP Yes Bridge No 2 Configure a LAN IP for the P 660 and the DHCP settings in Menu 3 2 TCP IP Ethernet Setup The settings except of the DNS addresses shown below are the pre configured defaults Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup DHCP Setup DHCP Server Client IP Pool Starting Address 192 168 1 33 Size of Client IP Pool 6 Primary DNS Server 168 95 1 1 Secondary DNS Server 168 95 192 1 Remote DHCP Server N A TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction Both Version RIP 1 Multicast None IP Policies Edit IP Alias No 3 Configure for Internet setup in Menu 4 Inter
65. ht 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Traditionally routing is based on the destination address only and the router takes the shortest path to forward a packet IP Policy Routing IPPR provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator Policy based routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis prior to the normal routing Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths For example if a network has both the Internet and remote node connections we can route the Web packets to the Internet using one policy and route the FTP packets to the remote LAN using another policy See the figure below Prestige Internet Remote LAN Router Use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths e Benefits Source Based Routing Network administrators can use policy based routing to direct traffic from different users through different connections Quality of Service QoS Organizations can differentiate traffic by setting the precedence or TOS Type of Service values in the IP header at the periphery of the network to enable the backbone to prioritize traffic Cost Savings IPPR allows organizations to distribute interactive traffic on high bandwidth high cost path while using low path for batch traffic Load Sharing Network administrators can use
66. ige The local file is the source file of your configuration file that is available in your hard disk The remote file is the file name that will be saved in Prestige Check the port number 69 and 512 Octet blocks for TFTP Check Binary mode for file transfering Using TFTP command on Windows NT Before you begin 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before using TFTP command 2 Type the CI command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Menu 24 8 and stay in Menu 24 8 106 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e Download ZyNOS via LAN c tftp i PrestigeIP get ras localfile e Upload SMT configurations via LAN c tftp i PrestigeIP put localfile rom 0 e Download SMT configurations via LAN c tftp i PrestigeIP get rom 0 localfile Using TFTP command on UNIX Before you begin 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before using TFTP command 2 Type the CI command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Menu 24 8 and stay in Menu 24 8 Example cppwu faelinux cppwu telnet 192 168 1 1 Trying 192 168 1 1 Connected to 192 168 1 1 Escape character is Password Copyright c 1994 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corp Prestige 660 Main Menu Getting Started Advanced Management 1 General Setup 21 Filter Set Configuration 3 Ethernet Setup 22 SNMP Configuration 4 Internet Access Setup 23 System Password
67. inable Cell Rate SCR The least guaranteed bandwidth of a VC When there are multi VCs on the same line the VC throughput is guaranteed by SCR Maximum Burst Size MBS The amount of cells transmitted through this VC at the Peak Cell Rate before yielding to other VCs Total bandwidth of the line is dedicated to single VC if there is only one VC on the line However as the other VC asking the bandwidth the MBS defines the maximum number of cells transmitted via this VC with Peak Cell rate before yielding to other VCs The P 660 holds the parameters for shaping the traffic among its virtual channels If you do not need traffic shaping please set SCR 0 MBS 0 and PCR as the maximum value according to the line rate for example 2 3 Mbps line rate will result PCR as 5424 cell sec 15 Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P 660 The P 660 must manage traffic fairly and provide bandwidth allocation for different sorts of applications such as voice video and data All applications have their own natural bit rate Large data transactions have a fluctuating natural bit rate The P 660 is able to support variable traffic among different virtual connections Certain traffic may be discarded if the virtual connection experiences congestion Traffic shaping defines a set of actions taken by the P 660 to avoid congestion traffic shaping takes measures to adapt to unpredictable fluctuations in traffic flows and other problems among virtual connect
68. inal Step 1 Use FTP client from your workstation to connect to the Prestige by entering 108 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes the IP address of the Prestige Press Enter key to ignore the username because the Prestige does not check the username Step 3 Enter the SMT password as the FTP login password the default is 1234 Step2 Step 4 Enter command bin to set the transfer type to binary Step 5 Use put command to transfer the file to the Prestige Note The remote file name for the firmware is ras and for the configuration file is rom 0 rom zero not capital o Example C temp gt ftp 192 168 1 1 Connected to 192 168 1 1 220 FTP version 1 0 ready at Thu Jan 1 00 02 09 1970 User 192 168 1 1 none lt Enter gt 331 Enter PASS command Password 230 Logged in ftp gt put prestige bin ras 200 Port command okay 150 Opening data connection for STOR ras 226 File received OK ftp 924512 bytes sent in 4 83Seconds 191 41 Kbytes sec ftp gt Here the prestige bin is the local file and ras is the remote file that will be saved in the Prestige The Prestige reboots automatically after the uploading is finished Using FTP client software s 1 Rename the local firmware and configuration files to ras and rom 0 because we can not specify the tep remote file name in the FTP client software s 2 Use FTP clie
69. information between network devices e g routers By using SNMP network administrators can more easily manage network performance find and solve network problems The SNMP is a member of the TCP IP protocol suite it uses the UDP to exchange messages between a management Client and an Agent residing in a network node 72 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes There are two versions of SNMP Version 1 and Version 2 ZyXEL supports SNMPvl1 Most of the changes introduced in Version 2 increase SNMP s security capabilities SNMP encompasses three main areas 1 A small set of management operations 2 Definitions of management variables 3 Data representation The operations allowed are Get GetNext Set and Trap These functions operates on variables that exist in network nodes Examples of variables include statistic counters node port status and so on All of the SNMP management functions are carried out through these simple operations No action operations are available but these can be simulated by the setting of flag variables For example to reset a node a counter variable named time to reset could be set to a value causing the node to reset after the time had elapsed SNMP variables are defined using the OSI Abstract Syntax Notation One ASN 1 ASN 1 specifies how a variable is encoded in a transmitted data frame it is very powerful because the encoded da
70. ions All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes ADSL FAQ 1 How does ADSL compare to Cable modems ADSL provides a dedicated service over a single telephone line cable modems offer a dedicated service over a shared media While cable modems have greater downstream bandwidth capabilities up to 30 Mbps that bandwidth is shared among all users on a line and will therefore vary perhaps dramatically as more users in a neighborhood get online at the same time Cable modem upstream traffic will in many cases be slower than ADSL either because the particular cable modem is inherently slower or because of rate reductions caused by contention for upstream bandwidth slots The big difference between ADSL and cable modems however is the number of lines available to each There are no more than 12 million homes passed today that can support two way cable modem transmissions and while the figure also grows steadily it will not catch up with telephone lines for many years Additionally many of the older cable networks are not capable of offering a return channel consequently such networks will need significant upgrading before they can offer high bandwidth services 2 What is the expected throughput In our test we can get about 1 6Mbps data rate on 15Kft using the 26AWG loop The shorter the loop the better the throughput Besides please do not stay in menu 24 1 it will slow down
71. irection Both Version RIP 1 Multicast IGMP v2 IP Policies Edit IP Alias No Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Enable IGMP in P 660 s remote node in menu 11 3 Menu 11 3 Remote Node Network Layer Options IP Options Bridge Options Rem IP Addr Ethernet Addr Timeout min N A Rem Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 93 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes My WAN Addr 0 0 0 0 NAT None Address Mapping Set N A Metric 2 Private No RIP Direction Both Version RIP 2B Multicast IGMP v2 IP Policies Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL Key Settings Multicast IGMP v1 for IGMP version 1 IGMP v2 for IGMP version 2 14 Using Zero Configuration e Zero Configuration and VC auto hunting Zero Configure feature can help customer to reduce the burden of setting efforts Whenever system ADSL links up system will send out some probing patterns system will analyze the packets returned from ISP and decide which services the ISP may provide Because ADSL is based on a ATM network so system have to pre configured a VPI VCI hunting pool before Auto Configure function begins to work The Zero Configuration feature can hunt the encapsulation and VPI VCI value and system will automatically configure itself if the hunting result is successfully This feature has two constraints 1 It supports the ISP provides one kind of service PPPoE PPPoA etc only oth
72. ly the filter set to the Output Protocol Filter Set in the remote node setup A filter for blocking a specific client Configuration 1 Create a filter set in Menu 21 e g set 1 Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration Filter Filter Set Comments Set Comments 1 Block a client 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 Enter Filter Set Number to Configure 0 Edit Comments Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 58 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 2 One rule for blocking all packets from this client Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol Q IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port Port Comp None Source IP Addr 192 168 1 5 IP Mask 255 255 255 255 Port Port Comp None TCP Estab N A More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Key Settings Source IP addr Enter the client IP in this field IP Mas Kiinni Here the IP mask is used to mask the bits of the IP address given in the Source IP Addr field for one workstation it is 255 255 255 255 Action Matched Set to Drop to drop all the packets from this client Action Not Matched Set to Forward to allow the packets from other clients 3 Apply the filter set number 1 to the Output Protocol Filter S
73. menu cannot be changed Entering 255 brings up this screen Menu 15 1 255 Address Mapping Rules Set Name SUA Read Only Idx Local Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Type 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 M 1 0 0 0 0 Serve The following table explains the fields in this screen Please note that the fields in this menu are read only Field Description Option Example This is the name of the set you selected in Menu 15 1 or Set Name SUA enter the name of a new set you want to create Idx This is the index or rule number 1 Local Start a 0 0 0 0 for the This is the starting local IP address ILA IP Many to One type This is the starting local IP address ILA If the rule is for Local End IP all local IPs then the Start IP is 0 0 0 0 and the End IP is 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 Global Start This is the starting global IP address IGA If you have a 0 0 0 0 IP dynamic IP enter 0 0 0 0 as the Global Start IP Global End N i P This is the ending global IP address IGA N A Type This is the NAT mapping types Many to One and Server Please note that the fields in this menu are read only However the settings of the server set 1 can be modified in menu 15 2 1 37 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Now let s look at Option 1 in Menu 15 1 Enter 1 to bring up this menu Menu 15 1 1 Address Mapping Rules Set Name Idx Lo
74. mic Host Configuration Protocol In addition to the DHCP server feature the P 660 supports the DHCP relay function When it is configured as DHCP server it assigns the IP addresses to the LAN clients When it is configured as DHCP relay it is responsible for forwarding the requests and responses negotiating between the DHCP clients and the server See figure 1 21 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes DHCP Server Prestige DHCP Client f Figure1 Prestige as a DHCP Relay Setup the P 660 as a DHCP Client 1 Toggle the DHCP to Relay in menu 3 2 and enter the IP address of the DHCP server in the Relay Server Address field Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup DHCP Setup DHCP Relay Client IP Pool Starting Address N A Size of Client IP Pool N A Primary DNS Server N A Secondary DNS Server N A Relay Server Address 192 168 1 2 TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction Both Version RIP 1 Multicast None IP Policies Edit IP Alias No Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 4 SUA Notes Tested SUA NAT Applications e g Cu SeeMe ICQ NetMeeting 22 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Prestige Cu SeeMe Player Cu SeeMe Player Introduction Generally SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside worl
75. n on the syslog option 2 Syslog IP Address enter the IP address of the UNIX server that you wish to send the syslog 3 Log Facility use the space bar to toggle between the 7 different local options 4 Types use the space bar to toggle the logs we are going to record UNIX Setup 1 Make sure that your syslog starts with r argument r this option will enable the facility to receive message from the network using an Internet domain socket with the syslog services The default setting is not enabled 2 Edit the file etc syslog conf by adding the following line at the end of the etc syslog conf file locall var log zyxel log Where var log zyxel log is the full path of the log file 3 Restart syslogd ZyXEL Syslog Message Format CDR Call Detail Record CDR logs all data phone line activity if set to Yes Packet The first 48 bytes or octets and protocol type of the triggering packet is sent to triggered the UNIX syslog server when this field is set to Yes Filter log No filters are logged when this field is set to No Filters with the individual filter Log field set to Yes are logged when this field is set to Yes PPP log PPP events are logged when this field is set to Yes 79 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 1 CDR log call messages Format sdcmdSyslogSend SYSLOG_CDR SYSLOG_INFO String String board xx line xx channel xx call xx str b
76. n use the ip nat iface wanif0 st command in menu 24 8 to view the current active sessions 17 What are Device filters and Protocol filters In ZyNOS the filters have been separated into two groups One group is called device filter group and the other is called protocol filter group Generic filters belong to the device filter group TCP IP and IPX filters belong to the protocol filter group All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 18 Why can t I configure device filters or protocol filters In ZyNOS you can not mix different filter groups in the same filter set 19 How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks The Prestige s filter sets provide a means to protect against IP spoofing attacks The basic scheme is as follows For the input data filter e Deny packets from the outside that claim to be from the inside e Allow everything that is not spoofing us Filter rule setup e Filter type TCP IP Filter Rule e Active Yes e Source IP Addr a b c d e Source IP Mask w x y z e Action Matched Drop e Action Not Matched Forward Where a b c d is an IP address on your local network and w x y z is your netmask For the output data filters e Deny bounceback packet e Allow packets that originate from us Filter rule setup e Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule e Active Yes e Destination IP Addr a b c d e Destination IP Mask w x y z
77. n your PC to login to your Prestige b Enter CI command sys stdio 0 in menu 24 8 to disable console idle timeout c To upgrade firmware use TFTP client program to put firmware in file ras in the Prestige After data transfer is finished the Prestige will program the upgraded firmware into FLASH ROM and reboot itself d To backup your firmware use the TFTP client program to get file ras from the Prestige 7 How do I upload ROMFILE via console port In some situations you may need to upload the ROMFILE such as losing the system password or the need of resetting SMT to factory default The procedure for uploading ROMFILE via the console port is as follows Enter debug mode when powering on the Prestige using a terminal emulator Enter ATLC to start the uploading Use X modem protocol to transfer ROMFILE Enter ATGO to restart the Prestige ao Ff 8 How do I restore SMT configurations by using TFTP client program via LAN a Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your Prestige b Enter CI command sys stdio 0 in menu 24 8 to disable console idle timeout c To backup the SMT configurations use TFTP client program to get file rom 0 from the Prestige d To restore the SMT configurations use the TFTP client program to put your configuration in file rom 0 in the Prestige 9 What should I do if I forget the system password In case you forget the system password you can erase the current config
78. nccasseeeeiaantonsens 105 Using TFTP command on Windows NT ou eee eeseceeeeeeeeeeeeenneenes 106 Using TFTP command on UNUM esi etentijn ated aienddenhees 107 3 Using FTP to Upload the Firmware and Configuration Files 108 Using FTP command in terminal 00 eee eeecceeeereeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeenaeees 108 Using PIP client softwares iee ii sir taie 109 CI Command Reference oneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesesesesseeeestsseseesststestsseseesesseseesseseesesse 112 2 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes ZyNOS FAQ 1 What is ZyNOS ZyNOS is ZyXEL s proprietary Network Operating System It is the platform on all Prestige routers that delivers network services and applications It is designed in a modular fashion so it is easy for developers to add new features New ZyNOS software upgrades can be easily downloaded from our FTP sites as they become available 2 How do I access the Prestige SMT menu The SMT interface is a menu driven interface which can be accessed via a RS232 console or a Telnet connection To access the Prestige via SMT console port a computer equipped with communication software such as HyperTerminal must be configured with the following parameters e VT100 terminal emulation e 9600bps baud rate e N81 data format No Parity 8 data bits 1 stop bit The default console port baud rate is 9600bps you can change it to 115200bps in Menu 24 2 2 to speed u
79. net Access Setup Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ISP s Name CHT Encapsulation PPPoE Multiplexing LLC based VPI 0 VCI 33 ATM QoS Type CBR Peak Cell Rate PCR 0 Sustain Cell Rate SCR 0 Maximum Burst Size MBS 0 My Login cso hinet net 20 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL Key Settings Option Encapsulation Multiplexing VPI amp VCI number Single User Account IP Address Assignment IP Address P 660 Series Support Notes My Password Idle Timeout sec 0 IP Address Assignment Dynamic IP Address N A Network Address Translation SUA Only Address Mapping Set N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Description Select the correct Encapsulation type that your ISP supports For example RFC 1483 Select the correct Multiplexing type that your ISP supports For example LLC Specify a VPI Virtual Path Identifier and a VCI Virtual Channel Identifier given to you by your ISP Set to Yes if you only have a single IP account for sharing with local computers Set to Dynamic if the ISP provides the IP for the P 660 dynamically Otherwise set to Static and enter the IP in the following IP Address field This field can not be configured if the ISP provides the IP for the P 660 dynamically Otherwise enter the IP that the ISP gives to you 3 Setup the P 660 as a DHCP Relay What is DHCP Relay DHCP stands for Dyna
80. net Version II Ethernet Version II Address 00 80 C8 4C EA 63 Source MAC gt 00 A0 C5 23 45 Destination MAC Ethernet II Protocol Type IP Internet Protocol Version MSB 4 bits 4 Header length LSB 4 bits 5 Service type Precd Routine Delay Normal Thrput Normal Reli Normal Total length 60 Octets Fragment ID 60172 60 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Flags May be fragmented Last fragment Offset 0 0x00 Time to live 32 seconds hops IP protocol type ICMP 0x01 Checksum OxE3EA IP address 202 132 155 93 Source IP address gt 202 132 155 99 Destination IP address No option Internet Control Message Protocol Type 8 Echo Request Code 0 Checksum 0x455C Identifier 768 Sequence Number 1280 Optional Data 32 bytes Configurations From the above first trace we know a client is trying to ping request the P 660 router And from the second trace we know the P 660 router will send a reply to the client accordingly The following sample filter will utilize the Generic Filter Rule to block the MAC address 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 1 First from the incoming LAN packet we know the uninteresting source MAC address starts at the 7th Octet TIME 37c060 enetO RECV len 74 call 0 0000 00 a0 c5 01 23 45 00 80 c8 4c ea 63 08 00 45 00 0010 00 3c eb Oc 00 00 20 01 e3 ea ca 84 9b 5d ca 84 0020 9b
81. ns Besides PPPoE supports a broad range of existing applications and service including authentication accounting secure access and configuration management 8 What is DDNS The Dynamic DNS service allows you to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname allowing your computer to be more easily accessed from various locations on the Internet To use the service you must first apply an account from several free Web servers such as http www dyndns org Without DDNS we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P 660 to reach our internal server It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic With DDNS supported by the P 660 you apply a DNS name e g www zyxel com tw for your server e g Web server from a DDNS server The outside users can always access the web server using the www zyxel com tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P 660 When the ISP assigns the P 660 a new IP the P 660 updates this IP to DDNS server so that the server can update its IP to DNS entry Once the IP to DNS table in the DDNS server is updated the DNS name for your web server i e www zyxel com tw is still usable 9 When do I need DDNS service When you want your internal server to be accessed by using DNS name rather than using the dynamic IP address we can use the DDNS service The DDNS server allows to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname Whenever the ISP assigns you a new IP the P 660 sends this IP to the DDNS serve
82. nt from your workstation to connect to the Prestige by entering the IP address of the te P Prestige Step 3 Enter the SMT password as the FTP login password The default is 1234 Step 4 Press OK key to ignore the username because the Prestige does not check the username 109 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Example 1 Connect to the Prestige by entering the Prestige s IP and SMT password in the FTP software Set the transfer type to Auto Detect or Binary Edit Host 19216811 Ce Enter user name eo Cancel _ 3 To upload the firmware file we transfer the local ras file to overwrite the remote ras file To upload the configuration file we transfer the local rom 0 to overwrite the 110 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes remote rom 0 file Ei Private 192 168 1 1 GlobaISCAPE CuteFTP 3 0 FTP Session Bookmarks Commands Queve View Directory Macro Window Help JO Rl li1tr enhlipalw mx am 7 COMMAND gt UST 150 Opening data connection for IST ISTATUS gt Received 135 bytes Ok B STATUS gt Time 0 00 01 Efficiency 0 13 KBytes s 135 bytes s I 987KB O1 07 02 10 58 a rorm 0 16KB 01 05 29 10 24 aaj ras 987KB O1f 07 01 12 00 wewow a rom 0 16KB 017 07 01 12 00 ra ra rw 4 The Prestige reboots automatically af
83. nt if the masked packet matches the Value In this case we will drop it Action Not Matched Enter the action you want if the masked packet does not match the Value In this case we will forward it If you want to configure more rules please select Check Next Rule to start configuring the next new rule However please note that the Filter Type must be also Generic Filter Rule but not others Because the Generic and TCPIP IPX filter rules must be in different filter sets 62 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 21 1 2 Generic Filter Rule Filter 1 2 Filter Type Generic Filter Rule Active Yes Offset 6 Length 6 Mask ffffffffffff Value 0080c810234a More No Log None Action Matched Drop Action Not Matched Forward You can now apply it to the General Ethernet Setup in Menu 3 1 Please note that the Generic Filter can only be applied to the Device Filter but not the Protocol Filter that is used for configuring the TCPIP and IPX filters Menu 3 1 General Ethernet Setup Input Filter Sets protocol filters device filters 1 Output Filter Sets protocol filters device filters A filter for blocking the NetBIOS packets Introduction The NETBIOS protocol is used to share a Microsoft comupter of a workgroup For the security concern the NetBIOS connection to a outside host is blocked by P 660 router as fac
84. nts copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Configuring NAT To configure NAT enter 15 from the Main Menu to bring up the following screen Menu 15 NAT Setup 1 Address Mapping Sets 2 NAT Server Sets Address Mapping Sets and NAT Server Sets Use the Address Mapping Sets menus and submenus to create the mapping table used to assign global addresses to LAN clients Each remote node must specify which NAT Address Mapping Set to use The P 660 has 8 remote nodes and so allows you to configure 8 NAT Address Mapping Set You can see nine NAT Address Mapping sets in Menu 15 1 You can only configure from Set 1 to Set 8 Set 255 is used for SUA When you select Full Feature in menu 4 or 11 3 you must enter correct NAT Set as well When you select SUA Only the SMT will use Set 255 The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports To use this set one set for the P 660 a server rule must be set up inside the NAT Address Mapping set Please see NAT Server Sets for further information on these menus Enter to bring up Menu 15 1 Address Mapping Sets Menu 15 1 Address Mapping Sets SON NS E ne 8 255 SUA Read Only Enter Set Number to Edit 36 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Let s first look at Option 255 Option 255 is equivalent to SUA in previous ZyXEL routers The fields in this
85. oard the hardware board ID line the WAN ID in a board channel channel ID within the WAN call the call reference number which starts from 1 and increments by 1 for each new call str C01 Outgoing Call dev xx ch xx dev device No ch channel No C01 Incoming Call xxxxBps xxxxx L2TP xxxxx means Remote Call ID C01 Incoming Call xxxx means connected speed xxxxx means Remote Call ID L02 Tunnel Connected L2TP C02 OutCall Connected xxxx means connected speed xxxxx means Remote Call ID C02 CLID call refused L02 Call Terminated C02 Call Terminated Example Feb 14 16 57 17 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp board 0 line 0 channel 0 call 18 C01 Incoming Call OK Feb 14 17 07 18 192 168 1 1 ZyXEL Communications Corp board 0 line 0 channel 0 call 18 C02 Call Terminated 2 Packet triggered log Format sdcmdSyslogSend SYSLOG_PKTTRI SYSLOG_NOTICE String String Packet trigger Protocol xx Data xxxxxxxxxx Protocol 1 IP 2 IPX 3 IPXHC 4 BPDU 5 ATALK 6 IPNG Data We will send forty eight Hex characters to the server Example Jul 19 11 28 39 192 168 102 2 ZyXEL Communications Corp Packet Trigger Protocol 1 Data 4500003c 1001000010 10004c0a866 14ca849a7b08004a5c020001006162636465666768696 a6b6c6d6e6f707 1727374 Jul 19 11 28 56 192 168 102 2 ZyXEL Communications Corp Packet Trigger Protocol 1 80 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Data
86. on RIP 1 Multicast None IP Policies Edit IP Alias Yes Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Key Settings DHCP If the P 660 s DHCP server is enabled the IP pool for the clients can be any of the Setup three networks TCP IP Enter the first LAN IP address for the P 660 This will create the first route in the Setup enif0 interface 83 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL Edit IP Alias P 660 Series Support Notes Toggle to Yes to enter menu 3 2 1 for setting up the second and third networks 2 Edit the second and third networks in menu 3 2 1 by configuring the P 660 s second and third LAN IP addresses Menu 3 2 1 IP Alias Setup IP Alias 1 Yes IP Address 192 168 2 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction None Version RIP 1 Incoming protocol filters Outgoing protocol filters IP Alias 2 Yes IP Address 192 168 3 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP Direction None Version RIP 1 Incoming protocol filters Outgoing protocol filters Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL Key Settings IP Alias 1 Toggle to Yes and enter the second LAN IP address for the P 660 This will ni create the second route in the enif0 0 interface g Toggle to Yes and enter the third LAN IP address for the P 660 This will create IP Alias 2 the third route in the enif0 1 interface 11 Using IP Policy Routing e What is IP Policy Routing IPPR 84 All contents copyrig
87. otes 13 Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside Internet If possible how Yes it is possible because P 660 delivers the packet to the local server by looking up to a SUA server table Therefore to make a local server accessible to the outside users the port number and the inside IP address of the server must be configured in Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup 14 When do I need Multi NAT e Make local server accessible from outside Internet When NAT is enabled the local computers are not accessible from outside You can use Multi NAT to make an internal server accessible from outside e Support Non NAT Friendly Applications Some servers providing Internet applications such as some mIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address Thus users on the same network can not login to the same server simultaneously In this case it is better to use Many to Many No Overload or One to One NAT mapping types thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address 15 What IP Port mapping does Multi NAT support NAT supports five types of IP port mapping They are One to One Many to One Many to Many Overload Many to Many No Overload and Server The details of the mapping between ILA and IGA are described as below Here we define the local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses ILA and the global IP addresses as the Inside Global Address IGA 1 One to One In One to
88. p the SMT access 3 What is the default console port baud rate Moreover how do I change it The default console port baud rate is 9600bps When configuring the SMT please make sure the terminal baud rate is also 9600bps You can change the console baud rate from 9600bps to 115200bps in SMT menu 24 2 2 4 How do I update the firmware and configuration file You can upload the firmware and configuration file to Prestige using console port FTP or TFTP client software You CAN NOT upload the firmware and configuration file via Telnet because the Telnet connection will be dropped during uploading the firmware Please do not power off the router right after the FTP or TFTP uploading is finished the router will upload the firmware to its flash at this moment 5 How do I upload the ZyNOS firmware code via console The procedure for uploading ZyNOS via console is as follows a Enter debug mode when powering on the Prestige using a terminal emulator b Enter ATUR to start the uploading All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes c Use X modem protocol to transfer the ZyNOS code d Enter ATGO to restart the Prestige 6 How do I upgrade backup the ZyNOS firmware by using TFTP client program via LAN The Prestige allows you to transfer the firmware to Prestige by using TFTP program via LAN The procedure for uploading ZyNOS via TFTP is as follows a Use the TELNET client program i
89. r for its updates All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 10 What is DDNS wildcard Does the P 660 support DDNS wildcard Some DDNS servers support the wildcard feature which allows the hostname yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org This feature is useful when there are multiple servers inside and you want users to be able to use things such as www yourhost dyndns org and still reach your hostname Yes the P 660 supports DDNS wildcard that http www dyndns org supports When using wildcard you simply enter yourhost dyndns org in the Host field in Menu 1 1 Configure Dynamic DNS 11 Can the P 660 s SUA handle IPSec packets sent by the IPSec gateway Yes the P 660 s SUA can handle IPSec ESP Tunneling mode We know when packets go through SUA SUA will change the source IP address and source port for the host To pass IPSec packets SUA must understand the ESP packet with protocol number 50 replace the source IP address of the IPSec gateway to the router s WAN IP address However SUA should not change the source port of the UDP packets which are used for key managements Because the remote gateway checks this source port during connections the port thus is not allowed to be changed 12 How do I setup my P 660 for routing IPSec packets over SUA For outgoing IPSec tunnels no extra setting is required For forwarding the inbo
90. r your internal server and a password using to update the IP to the DDNS server 2 Toggle Configure Dynamic DNS option to Yes and press ENTER for configuring the settings of the DDNS in menu 1 1 Menu General Setup System Name P 660 Location Contact Person s Name Domain Name Edit Dynamic DNS Yes Route IP Yes Bridge No 71 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Menu 1 1 Configure Dynamic DNS Service Provider WWW DynDNS ORG Active Yes Host the local server s host name EMAIL your email address User Password 7 Enable Wildcard No Key Settings for using DDNS function Option Service Provider Active Host EMAIL User Password Enable Wildcard Description Enter the DDNS server in this field Currently we support WWW DYNDNS ORG Toggle to Yes Enter the hostname you subscribe from the above DDNS server For example zyxel com tw Enter the email address you give to the DDNS server Enter the user name that Enter the password that the DDNS server gives to you Enter the hostname for the wildcard function that the WWW DYNDNS ORG supports Note that Wildcard option is available only when the provider is http www dyndns org 8 Network Management Using SNMP e SNMP Overview The Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP is an applications layer protocol used to exchange the management
91. resee 10 10 What is DDNS wildcard Does the P 660 support DDNS wildcard 11 11 Can the P 660 s SUA handle IPSec packets sent by the IPSec gateway 11 12 How do I setup my P 660 for routing IPSec packets over SUA ssec 11 135 Whatis Irate Shaping scifi ade oan eateries elu EEREN 11 14 What do the parameters PCR SCR MBS mean eee eeeeeeeeteeeeneeeees 12 15 Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P 660 0000 eee eeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeees 12 ADSL FAQ re eunn aan iia a aon eE E EESTE nn 13 1 How does ADSL compare to Cable modems sssseeeseseeseeeeeesieeersrrssesrresresses 13 2 What is the expected throughput ssssssesssesssssessseessesseesseressesssressresseessee 13 1 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 3 What is the micro filter used for 23 2 A SE 13 4 How do I know the ADSL line is up snnesesssesssssessseesseesseesseeesseessseesseesseessee 13 5 How does the P 660 work on a noisy ADSL ssssssssssesssessseseesseessresserssereseee 13 6 Does the VC based multiplexing perform better than the LLC based TOUS RING n n 8 ements ccades caus ta toa tual daa caeecnuaeny tauncens Sec E sovertadstaccnses 14 7 How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics oo ee eeeeeeteeeeneee 14 8 What are the possible reasons when the ADSL link is down eee 14 9 What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector e ce ee
92. s 1 Internet Access Only In our Internet Access example we only need one rule where all our LAs map to one IGA assigned by the ISP See the following figure 41 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Client 1 ILA1 Client 2 ILA2 Prestige Client 3 ILA3 N IGA Assigned by ISP Client 4 ILA4 Internet Access Using NAT Many to One Mappin Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ISP s Name CHT Encapsulation PPPoE Multiplexing LLC based VPI 0 VCI 33 ATM QoS Type CBR Peak Cell Rate PCR 0 Sustain Cell Rate SCR 0 Maximum Burst Size MBS 0 My Login cso hinet net My Password Idle Timeout sec 0 IP Address Assignment Dynamic IP Address N A Network Address Translation SUA Only Address Mapping Set N A Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel From Menu 4 shown above simply choose the SUA Only option from the NAT field This is the Many to One mapping discussed earlier The SUA read only option from the NAT field in menu 4 and 11 3 is specifically pre configured to handle this case 42 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 2 Internet Access with an Internal Server Client 1 ILA1 Client 2 ILA2 Prestige Client 3 ILA3 ON IGA Assigned by ISP FTP Server ILA4 Internet Access using NAT Many to One plus a Server Set In this case
93. s interface index under the interface group 4 authenticationFailure defined in RFC 1215 When receiving any SNMP get or set requirement with wrong community this trap is sent to the manager 5 whyReboot defined in ZY XEL MIB When the system is going to restart warmstart the trap will be sent with the reason of restart before rebooting i For intentional reboot In some cases download new files CI command sys reboot reboot is done intentionally And traps with the message System reboot by user will be sent ii For fatal error System has to reboot for some fatal errors And traps with the message of the fatal code will be sent 76 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes P roducts 1 pSysVariobles Group pBRIVariables Group pIPXVariables Group pAPTVariables Group pBR6Variable Group pbialInVariables Group pRemoteNodeVariables Group pRemoteUserVariables Group Zyxel Traps Figure 3 ZyXEL Private MIB Tree e Downloading ZyXEL s private MIB e Configure the P 660 for SNMP The SNMP related settings in P 660 are configured in menu 22 SNMP Configuration The following steps describe a simple setup procedure for configuring all SNMP settings Menu 22 SNMP Configuration SNMP 77 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Get Community public
94. schedule in Menu 26 Schedule Setup The remote node configured with the schedule set could be Forced On Forced Down Enable Dial On Demand or Disable Dial On Demand on specified date and time e SMT Menu for Call Scheduling 1 Edit the Schedule sets in menu 26 Copyright c 1994 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corp Prestige 660 Main Menu Getting Started Advanced Management 1 General Setup 21 Filter Set Configuration 2 WAN Backup Setup 22 SNMP Configuration 3 LAN Setup 23 System Password 4 Internet Access Setup 24 System Maintenance 25 IP Routing Policy Setup Advanced Applications 26 Schedule Setup 11 Remote Node Setup 12 Static Routing Setup 89 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 14 Dial in User Setup 99 Exit 15 NAT Setup Enter Menu Selection Number 2 Select a Schedule Set number and give it a name Menu 26 Schedule Setup Schedule Schedule Set Name Set Name 1 ZyXEL 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 Enter Schedule Set Number to Configure 1 Edit Name ZyXEL Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 3 The Menu 26 1 Schedule Set Setup is as follows Menu 26 1 Schedule Set Setup Active Yes Start Date yyyy mm dd 2002 01 01 How Often Once Once Date yyyy mm dd 2002 01 01 Weekdays Sunday N A Monday N A Tuesday N A Wednesday N A Thursday N A Friday N A Saturday N A Start Time hh mm 12
95. soft Messenger Service 4 6 4 7 5 0 none UPnP Net2Phone Network Time Protocol NTP Win2k Terminal Server Remote Anything P 660 Series Support Notes None None for Chat For DCC please set ICQ gt preference gt connections gt firewall and set the firewall time out to 80 seconds in firewall setting None for Chat None None 7648 client IP amp 24032 client IP 7648 client IP amp 24032 client IP None None None None None None None 6112 client IP None None None one client only 6901 client IP None for Chat File transfer Video and Voice None None None None 1723 client IP Default client IP None for Chat 6701 client IP 7648 client IP Default client IP Default client IP 1720 client IP 1503 client IP Default client IP Default client IP 563 1 client IP 5632 client IP 22 client IP Default Client 6901 client IP None for Chat File transfer Video and Voice 6701 client IP 123 server IP 3389 server IP 3996 4000 client IP 24 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Virtual Network Computing ee VNC None seouichent IP 5900 client IP AIM AOL Instant Messenger None for Chat and IM None for Chat and IM e Donkey None 4661 4662 client IP ieee None Default client IP iVISTA 4 1 None 80 server IP Microsoft Xbox Live None N A Since SUA enables your LAN to appe
96. splay Display the hunt pool Save Save current setting into ROM ee F timer The waiting time before O S eee result Check the result of VC auto hunting Using Zero configuration 1 After configure the auto haunting preconfigured table You just need a PC connected to the device LAN Ethernet port with the DSL sync up 2 Open your web browser to access a Web site It should prompt and request for your username password of your ISP account if your ISP provide PPPoE or PPPoA service 3 After key in the correct info it will than test the connection If it is successful it will than close the browser and you can open a new browser to surf the Internet If the connection test fail it will go back to the page ask for user name and password The user name or password are incorrect You need to keyin again to retry 97 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Basically the zero configuration only work on the VC that was preconigured in the auto haunting preconfigured table F Web Configurator Microsoft Internet Explorer File Edit View Favorites Tools Help Q sax amp x a EA JO Search 5 Favorites A Media Address http 192 168 1 1 2CFaPPPOE html Enter the username and passord exactly as your ISP assigned them System Password Z User Name 85111279 hinet net Password Internet 98 All contents copyright
97. ssignment Dynamic 34 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL Step 1 Enter 11 from the Main Menu Rem IP Addr 0 0 0 0 Rem Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 My WAN Addr N A NAT Full Feature Address Mapping Set 1 Metric 2 Private No RIP Direction None Version RIP 1 Multicast None IP Policies P 660 Series Support Notes Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL Step 2 Move the cursor to the Edit IP field press the SPACEBAR to toggle the default No to Yes then press ENTER to bring up Menu 11 3 Remote Node Network Layer Options The following table describes the options for Network Address Translation Field Options Full Feature None Network Address Translation SUA Only Description When you select this option the SMT will use Address Mapping Set 1 Menu 15 1 see later for further discussion NAT is disabled when you select this option When you select this option the SMT will use Address Mapping Set 255 Menu 15 1 see later for further discussion This option use basically Many to One Overload mapping Select Full Feature when you require other mapping types It is a convenient pre configured read only Many to One mapping set sufficient for most purposes and helpful to people already familiar with SUA in previous ZyNOS versions Note that there is also a Server type whose IGA is 0 0 0 0 in this set Table Applying NAT in Menu 4 and Menu 11 3 35 All conte
98. t is a third way to deliver IP packets to a group of hosts Host groups are identified by class D IP addresses i e those with 1110 as their higher order bits In dotted decimal notation host group addresses range from 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 Among them 224 0 0 1 is assigned to the permanent IP hosts group and 224 0 0 2 is assigned to the multicast routers group 92 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol is the protocol used to support multicast groups The latest version is version 2 see RFC2236 IP hosts use IGMP to report their multicast group membership to any immediate neighbor multicast routers so the multicast routers can decide if a multicast packet needs to be forwarded At start up the P 660 queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership After that the P 660 updates the information by periodic queries The P 660 implementation of IGMP is also compatible with version 1 The multicast setting can be turned on or off on Ethernet and remote nodes e IP Multicast Setup Enable IGMP in P 660 s LAN in menu 3 2 Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup DHCP Setup DHCP Server Client IP Pool Starting Address 192 168 1 33 Size of Client IP Pool 32 Primary DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Secondary DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Remote DHCP Server N A TCP IP Setup IP Address 192 168 1 1 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 RIP D
99. t IP Bridge No Multiplexing LLC based Edit ATM Options No Service Name N A Edit Advance Options No Incoming Telco Option Rem Login N A Allocated Budget min 0 Rem Password N A Period hr 0 Outgoing Schedule Sets 1 2 3 4 My Login cso hinet net Nailed Up Connection No My Password Session Options 91 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Authen N A Edit Filter Sets No Idle Timeout sec 0 e Time Service in P 660 There is no RTC Real Time Clock chip so the P 660 should launch a mechanism to get current time and date from external server in boot time Time service is implemented by the Daytime protocol RFC 867 Time protocol RFC 868 and NTP protocol RFC 1305 You have to assign an IP address of a time server and then the P 660 will get the date time and time zone information from this server Menu 24 10 System Maintenance Time and Date Setting Use Time Server when Bootup Daytime RFC 867 Time Server IP Address 202 132 154 1 Current Time 00 11 38 New Time hh mm ss 00 11 36 Current Date 2000 01 01 New Date yyyy mm dd 2000 01 01 Time Zone GMT 0800 Daylight Saving No Start Date mm dd 01 00 End Date mm dd 01 00 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 13 Using IP Multicast e What is IP Multicast Traditionally IP packets are transmitted in two ways unicast or broadcast Multicas
100. ta is self defining For example the encoding of a text string includes an indication that the data unit is a string along with its length and value ASN 1 is a flexible way of defining protocols especially for network management protocols where nodes may support different sets of manageable variables The net of variables that each node supports is called the Management Information Base MIB The MIB is made up of several parts including the Standard MIB specified as part of SNMP and Enterprise Specific MIB which are defined by different manufacturer for hardware specific management The current Internet standard MIB MIB II is defined in RFC 1213 and contains 171 objects These objects are grouped by protocol including TCP IP UDP SNMP and other categories including system and interface The Internet Management Model is as shown in figure 1 Interactions between the NMS and managed devices can be any of four different types of commands Reads Read is used to monitor the managed devices NMSs read variables that are maintained by the devices Writes Write is used to control the managed devices NMSs write variables that are stored in the managed devices 73 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes Traversal operations NMSs use these operations to determine which variables a managed device supports and to sequentially gather information from variable t
101. ter the uploading is finished Please do not power off the router at this moment 111 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes CI Command Reference Command Syntax and General User Interface CI has the following command syntax command lt iface device gt subcommand param command subcommand param command help command subcommand help General user interface 1 Shows the following commands and all major sub commands 2 exit Returns to SMT To get the latest CI Command list The latest CI Command list is available in release note of every ZyXEL firmware release Please goto ZyXEL public WEB site http www zyxel com support download_index php_ to download firmware package zip you should unzip the package to get the release note in PDF format 112 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation
102. tory defaults Users can remove the filter sets applied to menu 3 1 and menu 4 1 for activating the NetBIOS services The details of the filter settings are described as follows Configuration 63 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes The packets need to be blocked are as follows Please configure two filter sets with 4 and 2 rules respectively based on the following packets in SMT menu 21 Filter Set 1 Rule 1 Destination port number 137 with protocol number 6 TCP Rule 2 Destination port number 137 with protocol number 17 UDP Rule 3 Destination port number 138 with protocol number 6 TCP Rule 4 Destination port number 138 with protocol number 17 UDP Rule 5 Destination port number 139 with protocol number 6 TCP Rule 6 Destination port number 139 with protocol number 17 UDP Filter Set 2 Rule 1 Source port number 137 Destination port number 53 with protocol number 6 TCP Rule 2 Source port number 137 Destination port number 53 with protocol number 17 UDP Before starting to set the filter rules please enter a name for each filter set in the Comments field first Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration Filter Filter Set Comments Set Comments 1 NetBIOS_WAN 7 2 NetBIOS_LAN 8 3 9 4 10 3 11 6 12 Enter Filter Set Number to Configure 1 Edit Comments Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel Configure the first filter set NetBIOS_WAN by selecting
103. uestID Associates requests with responses e Error status Indicates an error and an error type e Errorindex Associates the error with a particular object variable e Variable bindings Associates particular object with their value e ZyXEL SNMP Implementation ZyXEL currently includes SNMP support in some P 660 routers It is implemented based on the SNMPvI1 so it will be able to communicate with SNMPv1 NMSs Further users can also add ZyXEL s private MIB in the NMS to monitor and control additional system variables The ZyXEL s private MIB tree is shown in figure 3 For 75 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes SNMPv1 operation ZyXEL permits one community string so that the router can belong to only one community and allows trap messages to be sent to only one NMS manager Some traps are sent to the SNMP manager when anyone of the following events happens 1 coldStart defined in RFC 1215 If the machine coldstarts the trap will be sent after booting 1 warmStart defined in RFC 1215 If the machine warmstarts the trap will be sent after booting 2 linkDown defined in RFC 1215 If any link of IDSL or WAN is down the trap will be sent with the port number The port number is its interface index under the interface group 3 linkUp defined in RFC 1215 If any link of IDSL or WAN is up the trap will be sent with the port number The port number is it
104. und IPSec ESP tunnel A Default server set in menu 15 2 1 is required It is because SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world LAN users are invisible to outside users So to make an internal server for outside access we must specify the service port and the LAN IP of this server in Menu 15 Thus SUA is able to forward the incoming packets to the requested service behind SUA and the outside users access the server using the P 660 s WAN IP address So we have to configure the internal IPsec as a default server unspecified service port in menu 15 2 1 when it acts a server gateway 13 What is Traffic Shaping Traffic Shaping is a feature in the P 660 It allocates the bandwidth to WAN dynamically and aims at boosting the efficiency of the bandwidth If there are serveral VCs in the P 660 but only one VC activated at one time the P 660 allocates all the Bandwidth to the VC and the VC gets full bandwidth If another VCs are avtivated later the bandwidth is yield to other VCs after ward All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 14 What do the parameters PCR SCR MBS mean Traffic shaping parameters PCR SCR MBS can be set in Menu 4 and Menu 11 6 and is valid for both incoming and outgoing direction since G shdsl is symmetric Peak Cell Rate PCR The maximum bandwidth allocated to this connection The VC connection throughput is limited by PCR Susta
105. uration and restore factory defaults in three way a Use the Web Configurator All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes b Use the RESET button on the rear panel of P 660 to reset the router After the router is reset the LAN IP address and the SMT password will be reset to 192 168 1 1 and 1234 So now you can reach the router through console port or telnet again c Upload the default ROMFILE via console port to reset the SMT to factory default After uploading ROMFILE the default system password is 1234 10 How to use the Reset button a Turn your Prestige off and then on Make sure the SYS led is on not blinking b Press the RESET button for five seconds and then release it If the SYS LED begins to blink the defaults have been restored and the Prestige restarts 11 What is SUA When should I use SUA SUA Single User Account is a unique feature supported by Prestige router which allows multiple people to access Internet concurrently for the cost of a single user account When Prestige acting as SUA receives a packet from a local client destined for the outside Internet it replaces the source address in the IP packet header with its own address and the source port in the TCP or UDP header with another value chosen out of a local pool It then recomputes the appropriate header checksums and forwards the packet to the Internet as if it is originated from Prestig
106. uters IP Security Rules IP Filter List Filter Action Authentication Tu WINZK to ZyWALL WIN2K to ZyWALL Kerberos Pres 17 O lt D ynamic gt Default Response Kerberos 4 Edt Remove Use Add wiear Cancel Filter Types and SUA Conceptually there are two categories of filter rules device and protocol The Generic filter rules belong to the device category they act on the raw data from to LAN and WAN The IP and IPX filter rules belong to the protocol category they act on the IP and IPX packets In order to allow users to specify the local network IP address and port number in the filter rules with SUA connections the TCP IP filter function has to be executed before SUA for WAN outgoing packets and after the SUA for WAN incoming IP packets But at the same time the Generic filter rules must be applied at the point when the P 660 is receiving and sending the packets i e the ISDN interface So the execution sequence has to be changed The logic flow of the filter is shown in Figure 1 and the sequence of the logic flow for the packet from LAN to WAN is e LAN device and protocol input filter sets e WAN protocol call and output filter sets e If SUA is enabled SUA converts the source IP address from 192 168 1 33 to 203 205 115 6 and port number from 1023 to 4034 51 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes e WAN device output and call filt
107. we do exactly as above use the convenient pre configured SUA Only set and also go to Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only to specify the Internet Server behind the NAT as shown in the NAT as shown below Menu 15 2 1 NAT Server Setup Used for SUA Only Rule Start Port No End Port No IP Address Default Default 0 0 0 0 21 21 192 168 1 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Soo oe Seo Seese 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel 43 All contents copyright 2005 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660 Series Support Notes 3 Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers One to One Many to One Server Set mapping types are used General Server 192 168 1 20 Other Clients 192 168 1 X Prestige FTP Server 1 192 168 1 10 3 IGAs Assigned by ISP FTP Server 2 192 168 1 11 Mapping Multiple IGAs for clients and servers In this case we have 3 IGAs IGA1 IGA2 and IGA3 from the ISP We have two very busy internal FTP servers and also an internal general server for the web and mail In this case we want to assign the 3 IGAs by the following way using 4 NAT rules e Rule 1 One to One type to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1 192 168 1 10 to IGA1 e Rule 2 One to One type to map the FTP Server 2 with ILA2 192 168 1 11 to IGA2 e Rule 3 Many to One type to map the other clients to IGA3 e Rule

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