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HP 83236B User's Manual

1. USER Keys and their Fields The USER Keys k1 k5 correspond to fields 1 5 at the top right corner of the test screen They are used for navigation through menus and for making selections In most lower level menus a Prev Menu key is provided to take you up one menu level CDMA PCS Test Software main menu features Knob The knob controls the cursor position on the display and is sometimes used to make numeric entries 17 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 3 Configure the Software Step 3 Configure the Software The first time you run the Software you must enter information about your setup and the base station being tested Use these steps From the CDMA PCS Main Menu scroll to and select Configuration Information Menu Scroll to and select Base Station Reference Freq CDMA PCS Main Menu Quit IN Configuration Information Menu Base Station Channel 220 Base Station PN Offset 16 Search for PN Offset Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen Perform Average Power Measurements Measure Rho Parameters Set up CDMA Generator Check Even Second Clock Configuration Information Menu Return to Main Menu Base Station Channel 220 Base Station PN Offset 16 I Base Station Reference Freq 19 6608 MHz Base Station Reference To SYNTH REF IN Base Stat
2. Transmitter Port l SYNTH Even second Clock poj m 7 z Time Base EKO P 2O O sor o o RF IN OUT Figure 23 CAUTION Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment NOTE The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started Requirements e You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting 44 Steps NOTE Notes Chapter 2 Making Measurements Search for PN Offset Connect the equipment as shown in figure 23 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Turn on your base station transmitter pilot channel must be on Scroll to and select Search for PN Offset and the Software will begin the se
3. 20 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 4 Perform CDMA Tests Step 4 Perform CDMA Tests Now that you have successfully run the Software and entered your configuration values you can go on to making CDMA measurements Refer to chapter 2 Making Measurements to see detailed steps for performing CDMA measurements If You Had If you were unable to load and run the Software or make the required entries refer Problems to chapter 4 Troubleshooting for help 21 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 4 Perform CDMA Tests 22 Making Measurements This chapter contains descriptions of the most common receiver and transmitter tests performed on CDMA base station equipment For each test requirements are listed and the steps to perform the measurement are provided 23 o z pej e OD D 77 oO 3 oO 3 v Chapter 2 Making Measurements 24 Overview NOTE Transmitter Measurements Receiver Measurements Other Chapter 2 Making Measurements Overview This chapter presents measurement tasks most commonly performed when testing CDMA PCS base station equipment The measurements are separated by type transmitter tests followed by the receiver tests For descriptions of general Software use refer to chapter 3 Operating Overview The test procedures outlined in this chapter require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started
4. 63 o S o gt o o 2 5 ej Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Overview Overview Use table 2 to locate your problem or a received error message then refer to the page number shown Problem or error message Refer to Memory overflow errors Memory Overflow Errors on page 65 Message HP IB Command not accepted Option not installed Message Verify PCS Interface is connected and on Retry Test System Configuration Errors at Runtime on page 66 Message Compensation not performed Check DUPLEX OUT cable Retry Other Test System Configuration Errors on page 67 Configuration Information is not updated Configuration Information is Not Updated as Saved on page 67 Loading and running the software The menu screens you see do not match those in this book Menu Screens in this Book do not Match the Screens that You See on page 68 Message Cannot correlate to input signal Check setup CDMA Measurement not Correlating on page 69 Measurements Unable to read frame error rate FER or unexpectedly high readings receiver tests Frame Error Rate Receiver Measurements on page 71 Average power Average Power on page 73 Modulation quality rho Rho Measurements on page 74 Code domain power timing or phase Code Domain Measurements on page 74 Questionable Measurement Results Receiver tests Rec
5. SYNCIN Even Second Clock Time Base The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started e This test requires that you temporarily connect the Even Second clock signal to the TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN port of the Cellular Adapter Be sure to return the Even Second clock signal to the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN port of the Cellular Adapter when finished The Software will prompt you to make this change Steps Notes Chapter 2 Making Measurements Check Even Second Clock 1 You can start with the connections shown in figure 24 You will get prompts from the Software to change the Even Second clock connection when needed 2 Inthe main menu scroll to and select Check Even Second Clock 3 You will have to make a change to the connections as shown on the display Switch the Even Second clock signal from the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN port to the TRIGGER QUALIFIER IN port on the Cellular Adapter Once you have made the connection press the Continue k2 key 4 The Software will begin checking for a valid clock signal This will take a few seconds When it has found a valid signal you will see the message EVEN SECOND CLOCK FOUND If the Software finds no valid clock you will see the message NO CLOCK FOUND In that
6. 66 Personal Communications Services definition 80 phase code domain 34 pilot channel definition 80 pilot PN sequence definition 80 pilot sequence offset index definition 80 PN chip definition 80 PN sequence definition 80 power average 26 code domain 30 problems 63 product description 12 Purging Configuration Information 56 87 Q QPSK definition 80 quadrature phase shift keying definition 80 quadrature spreading definition 80 questionable measurement results 73 88 R receiver performance in additive noise 42 receiver sensitivity 40 receiver tests suspect measurement results 74 reference signal definition 80 references connections 60 registers clearing 65 required equipment 13 reverse CDMA channel definition 80 reverse link definition 80 reverse traffic channel definition 80 rho 28 definition 81 suspect measurement results 74 running the software 15 runtime errors 66 RX Measurement Path Loss 53 Index S Saving Configuration Information 54 search for PN offset 44 selecting a PCS Band 51 sensitivity receiver 40 setting up the software 18 Show Instrument Front Panel Connec tions 58 Show Instrument Rear Panel Connec tions 58 software configuring 18 definition 12 errors 65 loading 15 65 navigation 17 running 15 65 software definition 12 spectrum analyzer 36 starting to use the software 11 sync channel definition 81 sync pulse def
7. e Average Power on page 26 e Modulation Quality Rho on page 28 e Code Domain Power on page 30 e Code Domain Timing on page 32 e Code Domain Phase on page 34 e Transmit Spectrum on page 36 e Receiver Sensitivity on page 40 e Receiver Performance in Additive Noise on page 42 e Search for PN Offset on page 44 e Check Even Second Clock on page 46 25 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Average Power Average Power Overview Figure 6 CAUTION NOTE Requirements 26 Average power is a time averaged broadband measurement of the transmitted signal strength at the RF IN OUT port on the front panel of the PCS Interface The average power measurement is uncorrelated it does not require the reference signals Even Second clock and 19 6608 MHz timebase needed for other tests Transmitter Port RF IN OUT Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment The test procedures outlined in this section requi
8. enter the Base Station PN Offset Scroll to and select Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen Scroll to the Measurement field at the bottom of the display and set to Timing if not already selected Turn on your base station transmitter with the Pilot Sync Traffic and Paging channels enabled You should now see a display of relative timing as shown in figure 13 If you need to re scale the vertical resolution select Controls Marker and then scroll to the Time div field and select from settings of 1 to 50 ns To return to the main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER To return to Programs press SHIFT kis ENTER CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER Toots TE 2 81 ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT The Tune Freq displayed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen does not indicate the true tuned frequency of the Test System The tuned frequency is calculated from your entry for Base Station Channel and can be viewed at the bottom of the main menu screen Do not make changes to the Tune Freq setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen If you are planning to test Code Domain Power or Code Domain Phase you can use the Measurement field to activate them without having to return to the main menu Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User s Guide for more details on the use of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen 33 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Phase Code Domain Phase Overview Similar to the Code Domain
9. indicates the true level delivered to the base station s receiver test port s The field RX PN Offset is provided for you to change the offset for your testing if required Normally mobiles transmit on system time which corresponds to an offset of 0 the default value in the Software menu 41 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Receiver Performance in Additive Noise Receiver Performance in Additive Noise Overview Figure 21 NOTE Requirements 42 In this test the CDMA signal generator is used with the Additive White Gaussian Noise AWGN source to simulate an uplink signal to the base stations s receiver Various levels of signal to noise E N can be used and the resulting Frame Error Rate FER is measured at each E N level EVEN SECOND Rear Panel SYNC IN Receiver Port 1 Even second Clock Time Base 2 RF IN OUT The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started e You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate FER from the base station The CDMA generator sends a random bit pattern which the base station decodes and uses to calculate FER Some means of reading the calculated value is required Often this is done via a laptop PC conne
10. Average power Ej mW 1 28 EET Watts Main Menu Mensurinal Measurement includes 21 dB Measurement Path Loss ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT To minimize measurement errors due to temperature drift occasional zeroing of the power meter is recommended An initial zeroing is performed when you enter the Average Power measurement screen It is not necessary to remove the signal from the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface for zeroing 27 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Modulation Quality Rho Modulation Quality Rho Overview Figure 8 CAUTION NOTE Requirements 28 In this measurement the modulated signal is compared to an ideal reference waveform to determine the performance of the transmitter s modulation circuitry Rho values are in the range of 0 to 1 A value of 1 indicates perfect correlation to the reference high modulation quality CDMA base station standards require that transmitters have rho performance of 0 912 or higher EVEN SECOND SYNC IN Rear Panel Transmitter Port y 4 SYNTH Even Second Clock Time Base Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You m
11. Diagnose k4 key Possible causes and solutions 1 Base Station Channel entry The Software tunes the Test System to the transmitter frequency based on your entry for Base Station Channel The entry must match the channel your base station is set to transmit on Verify the channel number entry in the Base Station Channel field on the main menu screen If you want to verify the frequency the Test System is tuned to see the TX Freq setting at the bottom of the main menu screen 2 PN Offset entry For proper correlation you must enter the PN Offset value that matches that of the transmitter being tested Check the entry in the main menu level If you do not know the PN offset see Search for PN Offset on page 44 3 Missing an Even Second clock timing signal You must have access to the Even Second clock signal from the base station to achieve proper correlation to the CDMA signal Verify that the signal is accessible and make sure that it is connected to the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN port on front of the Cellular Adapter Check to be sure that any hardware switching needed to turn the signal on has been done To verify your Even Second clock signal see Check Even Second Clock on page 46 69 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors While Attempting Measurements 4 Test System timebase reference not connected Verify that you have access to the base station s reference timebase signal typically 19 6608 MHz The reference should be connec
12. Loading Configuration Information from Memory Loading Configuration Information from Memory The information about your setup and base station entered into the Configuration Information Menu can be saved in memory This data is loaded automatically when you re run the Software You can also load the data manually This procedure describes steps for manually loading the data Requirements e Data previously saved to a RAM disk Steps 1 From the main menu choose the Configuration Information Menu 2 Scroll downto Load Info From Memory and press the knob The loading process takes only a fraction of a second You should see your saved values in the Configuration Information Menu 3 To return to the main menu level press the Main Menu k5 key Notes See Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 for a description of saving the settings to memory 55 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Purging Configuration Information from Memory Purging Configuration Information from Memory Requirements Steps Notes 56 The information about your setup and base station entered into the Configuration Information Menu can be saved in memory This data is loaded automatically when you re run the Software In some instances however you might wish to use default data If so you must clear your saved values from memory This procedure describes steps for manually purging the memory e Data previously saved to a RAM disk Fro
13. Power measurement this measurement shows the relative phase relationship of the various Walsh channels referenced to the pilot channel Walsh 0 EVEN SECOND Rear Panel SYNC IN Transmitter Port N SYNTH Even second Clock Time Base 2 RF IN OUT Figure 14 CAUTION Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment NOTE The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started Requirements e You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter and bringing up various Walsh channels such as Pilot Sync Traffic and Paging e Synchronization is required so you must have an Even Second clock signal and a reference timebase typically 19 6608 MHz from the base station e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting The PN Offset for the base station under tes
14. case see the documentation on your base station to verify that you are connecting to the correct port and to see if any switches must be set to enable the clock signal 5 To go on press the Continue k2 key 6 Reconnect the Even Second clock signal connection to the EVEN SECOND SYNC port on the Cellular Adapter After you have done this press the Continue k2 key to return to the main menu See the section on the clock timing signal in CDMA Measurement not Correlating in chapter 4 Troubleshooting on page 69 47 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Check Even Second Clock 48 Operating Overview O Koj p 2 e e lt oO S OD This chapter describes general operation of the Software 49 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Overview Overview Configuration Information Reference Information 50 This chapter provides detail on Software operations not covered in chapter 1 Getting Started or chapter 2 Making Measurements e Selecting a PCS Band on page 51 e Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss on page 53 e Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 e Loading Configuration Information from Memory on page 55 e Purging Configuration Information from Memory on page 56 e Using Autostart on page 57 e Viewing Instrument Connections on page 58 e Setting the Test System Beep on page 59 e An Alternative Test System to Base Stati
15. interest using the DATA keys the range is 1710 to 1990 MHz and press ENTER 7 Scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer Screen to see the spectrum analyzer display see figure 18 The center frequency of the displayed signal matches the frequency you entered in step 6 8 Use the Controls area set to Main in the lower part of the spectrum analyzer screen to make changes to the reference level and span settings as desired Set the Controls field to Marker to use marker functions 9 To return to the main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER o return to Programs press SHIFT kis ENTER SPECTRUM ANALYZER Atten hold O dE B 1941 00000 Lvl 47 70 Note that the Marker Frequency readout is corrected to read the actual PCS frequency Controls RF Insint Notes Chapter 2 Making Measurements Transmit Spectrum For either spectrum analyzer mode Go To Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan or Go To Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq do not make changes to RF port selections tune frequency or other setup fields You may change spectrum analyzer specific settings such as Ref level Span and Marker 39 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Receiver Sensitivity Receiver Sensitivity Overview In this test the CDMA generator sends a calibrated signal to the base station s receiver Fora given RF level the resulting Frame Error Rate FER is measured Standards specify an FER of 1 0 or less at an RF le
16. is expressed in units of dBm dBW A measure of power expressed in terms of its ratio in dB to one Watt Downconverter An RF network using a local oscillator to translate an input signal to a lower intermediate frequency Downlink See Forward Link E The energy in an information bit E No The ratio between the energy of each information bit E and the noise spectral density N This ratio is usually expressed in dB Even Second Clock A clock that occurs every two seconds FER See Frame Error Rate FIR Filter Finite Impulse Response filter A filter for which the output in response to an impulse input totally dies away after a finite time interval The term is usually used in reference to a digital filter Forward CDMA Channel A CDMA channel from a base station to mobile stations The forward CDMA channel contains one or more code channels that are transmitted on a CDMA frequency assignment using a particular pilot PN offset The code channels are associated with the pilot channel sync channel paging channels and traffic channels The forward CDMA channel always carries a pilot channel and may carry up to 1 sync channel up to 7 paging channels and up to 63 traffic channels as long as the total number of channels including the pilot channel is no greater than 64 Forward Link The link direction from the base station to the mobile station Also referred to as the downlink Forward Traffic Channel A
17. key to return to the main menu N SOS LAJIADAU kW TESTS CIBASIC Controller Select a softkey with either the knob or a key Rho Time offset Frea error Carrier ft 9879 3400 Microseconds 8 8000 Hertz 37 0700 di Figure 9 Notes If the message CANNOT CORRELATE appears on the screen see CDMA Measurement not Correlating in chapter 4 Troubleshooting on page 69 For an on screen summary of the possible causes and solutions press the Diagnose k4 key 29 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Power Code Domain Power Overview The Code Domain Power measurement shows the relative power in each of the Walsh channels of a transmitted signal Signal strength of the Pilot Paging Sync and Traffic channels are displayed in dB EVEN SECOND SYNC IN Rear Panel Transmitter Port SYNTH Even Second Clock E E Time Base Z RF IN OUT Figure 10 CAUTION Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the te
18. main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER To return to Programs press SHIFT kis ENTER CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER Controls Code domain power display with a number of traffic channels enabled The Tune Freq displayed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen does not indicate the true tuned frequency of the Test System The tuned frequency is calculated from your entry for Base Station Channel and can be viewed at the bottom of the main menu screen Do not make changes to the Tune Freq Setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen If you are planning to test Code Domain Timing or Code Domain Phase you can use the Measurement field to activate them without having to return to the main menu Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User s Guide for more details on the use of the Code Domain Power screen 31 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Timing Code Domain Timing Overview Similar to the Code Domain Power test this measurement shows the timing relationship between the various Walsh channels and the Pilot channel EVEN SECOND Rear Panel SYNC IN V Transmitter Port Even Second Clock poj m 7 z Time Base GEL SLDOO EKO i Den D o 0 SI RF IN OU
19. off Pilot PN Sequence A pair of modified maximal length PN sequences with period 215 used to spread the forward CDMA channel and the reverse CDMA channel Different base stations are identified by different pilot PN sequence offsets Pilot PN Sequence Offset Index The PN offset in units of 64 PN chips of a pilot relative to the zero offset pilot PN sequence PN Chip The time duration of one binary bit in the PN sequence which is equal to the reciprocal of the frequency at which the PN sequence generator operates For example if the PN generator operates at 1 2288 MHz then a PN chip is 813 802 ns PN Sequence Literally pseudo noise sequence A periodic binary sequence with O mapped to 1 and 1 mapped to 1 Typically a PN sequence has good autocorrelation which when normalized equals for zero shift between the two sequences and 1 N where N is the period for all other shifts PN Sync Pulse A signal to the CDMA Generator that initiates pilot PN sequence generation The start of each pilot PN sequence is synchronized at the Test Set s RF IN OUT port to the 27 millisecond frame clock Quadrature Phase Shift Keying QPSK A form of modulation that applies different data sequences to two carriers separated by 90 Quadrature Spreading Frequency spreading performed using pilot PN sequences at a 1 2288 Mcps rate Also referred to as short sequence spreading Reference Signal A replica of the ideal CDM
20. panel HP IB Address Selector switch is set to HP IB not Ser If the switch is in the wrong position correct it and cycle power on the PCS Interface Other Test System Configuration Errors Configuration Information is Not Updated as Saved Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors When Loading and Running the Software Problem Additional errors can be reported when using the Software depending on which measurement modes are being used Compensation not performed Check DUPLEX OUT cable Retry This error can be reported if the cabling between the Test Set and PCS Interface is not correct Solution 1 Make sure there is a cable connecting the FROM DUPLEX PORT of the PCS Interface to the DUPLEX OUT port of the Test Set 2 If the error persists try replacing the cable with a new one Problem If you have used the Save Info to Memory feature of the Configuration Information Menu your configuration should be loaded when the Software is first run You can also load it at any later time in the Configuration Information Menu If you notice that the Configuration Information is not being updated it is most likely because the file is not being found Solution Make sure that the previously saved Configuration Information is in memory If the information is not in memory you will have to repeat the save procedure See Saving Configuration Information to Memory in chapter 3 Operating Overview on page 54 67 C
21. to allow for losses through couplers attenuators and so forth go to RX Measurement Path Loss and enter the correct value Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Questionable Measurement Results Sensitivity tests random data not selected for signal source For receiver sensitivity measurements check to see that the CDMA Generator is set to send random data In the CDMA Generator Menu Selection screen the Generator Mode should be set to Data and the Data Source should be set to Random Performance in additive noise signal source not set for Eb No For this test noise is added to the channel using the AWGN generator Verify that the Generator Mode is set to Eb No and that the Eb No Level is set to an appropriate level 75 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Questionable Measurement Results 76 Glossary Access Channel A reverse CDMA channel used by mobile stations for communicating to the base station The access channel is used for short signaling message exchanges such as call originations responses to pages and registrations The access channel is a slotted random access channel Added White Gaussian Noise AWGN A broadband noise source used in conjunction with a CDMA signal source to test receiver performance Autostart A feature of the Test Set s IBASIC controller that automatically runs any program in non volatile memory when the power switch is set to ON Average Power A method of measuring the signal level ofa CDMA tr
22. you may skip this step 4 Note the selection for Base Station Reference Freq If it does not match the timebase frequency supplied by the base station typically 19 6608 MHz or 10 MHz scroll to the line press the knob and select the appropriate value 5 To return to the main menu press the Main Menu k5 key The timebase settings you made in the steps above will not be saved unless you use the Save Info to Memory feature See Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 Chapter 3 Operating Overview An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration CDMA TIMEBASE IN EVEN SECOND p SYNCIN CDMA Base Station 83236B Even Second Clock 19 6608 MHz Clock or other reference NI co omo SYNTH REF IN HP IB 10 MHz REF OUTPUT A BNC tee is required to make these connections REF IN Figure 25 61 Chapter 3 Operating Overview An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration 62 Troubleshooting Use this chapter if you have encountered Software errors or if you are questioning measurement results
23. 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started e You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter with modulation if looking at the transmitted signal e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting if looking at the transmitted signal Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan To return to Programs Figure 17 N w Chapter 2 Making Measurements Transmit Spectrum Connect the equipment as shown in figure 16 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Turn on your base station transmitter Scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan The spectrum analyzer display will appear and the center frequency will be set to match the channel number entered in step 2 see figure 17 Use the Controls area set to Main in the lower part of the spectrum analyzer screen to make changes to the reference level and span settings as desired Set the Controls field to Marker to use marker functions To return to the main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER press SHI
24. 7 CDMA measurement not correlating 69 CDMA TIMEBASE IN port 60 Cellular Adapter definition 77 channel definition 77 channel plans 51 check even second clock measurements other 46 clearing Save Recall registers 65 code channel definition 77 Code Division Multiple Access definition 77 Code Domain Analyzer definition 78 code domain measurements code domain phase 34 definition 78 code domain power 30 definition 78 code domain timing 32 definition 78 questionable measurement results 74 compensation not performed 67 Configuration Information errors 67 loading 55 purging 56 saving 54 configure the software 18 connections diagrams viewing 58 83 front panel 58 instruments 14 rear panel 58 timebases 60 correlation 69 correlation errors 69 84 D data block definition 78 description product 12 Index E Eb definition 78 Eb No 42 definition 78 equipment required 13 errors 63 Configuration Information 67 frame error rate FER 71 HP IB 66 measurement 69 73 measurement not correlating 69 memory overflow 65 menu screens don t match 68 PCS Interface 66 runtime 66 software 65 system configuration 66 Even Second clock definition 78 Index F G H FER getting started 11 hardware definition 78 required 13 finite inpulse response filter HP IB command not accepted 66 definition 78 HP IB errors 66 FIR filter definition 78 forward CDMA c
25. A waveform The reference signal resides on the Cellular Adapter s DSP analyzer and is correlated with a signal under test to determine waveform accuracy and timing offset Reverse CDMA Channel The COMA channel from the mobile station to the base station From the base station s perspective the reverse CDMA channel is the sum of all mobile station transmissions on a CDMA frequency assignment Reverse Link The link direction from the mobile station to the base station Also referred to as the uplink Reverse Traffic Channel A reverse CDMA channel used to transport primary traffic secondary traffic and signaling traffic from a single mobile station to one or more base stations Glossary Rho The measure of the waveform quality ofa modulated signal in a CDMA system A received signal is compared to an ideal reference signal A high correlation between the received signal and the reference represents a high waveform quality factor Sync Channel A code channel in the forward CDMA channel that synchronizes the mobile station with the base station Sync Pulse A pulse that starts both the frame delay timer and the PN sequence delay timers A sync pulse occurs when e the Test Set is powered on or e an external even second clock is received on the CDMA Cellular Adapter s front panel EVEN SECOND SYNC port Test System A test equipment station consisting of a Test Set Cellular Adapter and PCS Interface Used for
26. CDMA Tests 21 If You Had Problems 21 Contents 2 Making Measurements Overview 25 Transmitter Measurements 25 Receiver Measurements 25 Other 25 Average Power 26 Overview 26 Requirements 26 Steps 27 Notes 27 Modulation Quality Rho 28 Overview 28 Requirements 28 Steps 29 Notes 29 Code Domain Power 30 Overview 30 Requirements 30 Steps 31 Notes 31 Code Domain Timing 32 Overview 32 Requirements 32 Steps 33 Notes 33 Code Domain Phase 34 Overview 34 Requirements 34 Steps 35 Notes 35 Transmit Spectrum 36 Contents Overview 36 Requirements 36 Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan 37 Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq 38 Notes 39 Receiver Sensitivity 40 Overview 40 Requirements 40 Steps 41 Notes 41 Receiver Performance in Additive Noise 42 Overview 42 Requirements 42 Steps 43 Notes 43 Search for PN Offset 44 Overview 44 Requirements 44 Steps 45 Notes 45 Check Even Second Clock 46 Overview 46 Requirements 46 Steps 47 Notes 47 Contents 3 Operating Overview Overview 50 Configuration Information 50 Reference Information 50 Selecting a PCS Band 51 Steps 51 Notes 51 Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss 53 Requirements 53 Steps 53 Notes 53 Saving Configuration Information to Memory 54 Requirements 54 Steps 54 Notes 54 Loading Configuration Information from Memory 55 Requirements 55 Steps 55 No
27. Configuration Errors at Runtime 66 Problem When it is first run the Software checks to see that all required elements of a CDMA PCS Test System are present If it does not find a CDMA Cellular Adapter or a PCS Interface it will report the following errors HP IB Command not accepted Option not installed This error will be reported if the Software cannot find the CDMA Cellular Adapter as an installed option on the Test Set Solution 1 Make sure that your are using either the HP 83203B or HP 83205A CDMA Cellular Adapter in your Test System 2 Verify that you have supplied the Cellular Adapter with AC power The front panel PWR light should be illuminated 3 Ifthe unit is powered on and you still get this message you will need to check the rear panel connections between the Test Set and Cellular Adapter especially the CONTROL I O cable between the two units Refer to the Installation chapter of the Cellular Adapter s manual for connections Verify PCS Interface is connected and on Retry This error will be reported if the Software cannot find the HP 83236B PCS Interface on the HP IB bus Solution 1 Verify that you have supplied the PCS Interface with AC power and that the POWER switch is on The front panel POWER light should be illuminated 2 Ifthe unit is powered on and you still get this message check the rear panel HP IB connection between the Test Set and Cellular Adapter 3 Confirm that the rear
28. Exit the Software and go to the CDMA screens e Make your CDMA measurement s The first four steps are detailed in this chapter The remaining steps are presented in Making Measurements in chapter 2 Chapter 1 Getting Started Introduction Required Equipment You must supply Supplied with the Test System Y Means to control HP 8921A Opt 600 base station and 601 603 or an read FER HP 8921A with an HP 83203B or 83205A A Cellular Adapter o oo HP 83236A B PCS Interface CDMA PCS PR A Base Station 7 Cable Ki Cable Kit able Kit Supplied with the HP 83236A B CDMA PCS Base Station Test Software Supplied with the E l HP 83236A B RE ENI Cables to connect the base A tation to the Test Syst ane gt i VO atis HP 83236B System PERIS ESTONO Utility Software Item Connector at System end Connections 1 N m Connects base station s transmitter test port to PCS Interface s RF IN OUT port 2 N m Connects PCS interface s RF IN OUT port to base station s receiver test port 3 BNC m Connects Even Second clock from BS to EVEN SEC SYNC port on Cellular Adapter 4 BNC m Connects BS Timebase reference to timebase input on the Cellu
29. FT kis ENTER SPECTRUM ANALYZER Atten hold O dB Eu 30 kH pao TT EE se SENA Marker peep pep pe F rea i 1341 00000 Lvl 47 70 Note that the Marker Frequency readout is corrected to read the actual PCS frequency Screen 37 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Transmit Spectrum Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq NOTE T Figure 18 38 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 16 Turn on your base station transmitter In the main menu scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq 4 The PCS Interface analyzer attenuation setting will appear in the field labelled HP83236 Input Attenuator This value is optimized based on your entries for base station power and cable losses However you can make changes to the value using the HP83236 Input Attenuator field before going to the spectrum analyzer and viewing the signal For example you may want to reduce the attenuation to improve the signal strength relative to that of the spectrum analyzer noise floor Make the change now if you want a different attenuation value range is 0 to 40 dB w N Your change to the attenuation value if you make one will only be effective while using the spectrum analyzer screen When you return to the main menu the value will be re set to the computed optimum value 5 Scroll to and select Spectrum Analyzer Freq 6 Enter the frequency of
30. HP 83236B PCS Interface CDMA PCS Base Station Test Software User s Guide Software Version A 02 01 HP Part No 83236 90121 Printed in U S A March 1997 Revision A Copyright Hewlett Packard Company 1996 RESTRICTED Use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to restrictions as RIGHTS set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer LEGEND Software Clause in DFARS 252 227 7013 Hewlett Packard Company 3000 Hanover Street Palo Alto CA 94304 U S A Rights for non DOD U S Government Departments and Agencies are as set forth in FAR 52 227 19 c 1 2 In this Book Other Books This book documents the use of the CDMA PCS Base Station Test Software sup plied with the PCS Interface It focuses specifically on the use of the PCS Inter face in testing CDMA PCS base station equipment Chapter 1 Getting Started This chapter provides the steps for loading and running the CDMA PCS base station test software Start here Chapter 2 Making Measurements After you have the software loaded and running use this chapter to see each measurement s steps for CDMA transmitter and receiver testing Chapter 3 Operating Overview General information on software use is found in this chapter Chapter 4 Troubleshooting This chapter offers reference material to be used if you encounter errors while using the software The following manuals offer more detailed inf
31. R tests Also you should check your entry for RX Measurement Path Loss in the Configuration Information Menu If in reality you have much more loss than is indicated in the entry the RF level at the receiver test port will be much less than is indicated in the CDMA Generator menu screen Incorrect setting for CDMA Generator Mode and or Data Source Inthe CDMA Generator Menu Selection screen the Generator Mode should be set to Data and the Data Source should be Random Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Questionable Measurement Results Questionable Measurement Results Overview Average Power Refer to the topics in this section if you are seeing measurement results with no indicated errors but you are failing a test or you believe you re getting erroneous results The following pages list some common sources of measurement errors for each type of test Potential causes of measurement error in average power readings include Cable loss values are incorrect Since the Software will compensate for the cable loss between your base station s transmitter test port and the Test System it is very important that you have the correct values entered into the Configuration Information Menu You can view the loss value in the Average power menu If they do not match your setup do not forget to allow for losses through couplers attenuators and so forth go to the Configuration Information Menu and enter the correct value under TX Measureme
32. T Figure 12 CAUTION Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is 1 Watt 30 dBm You may have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment NOTE The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started Requirements e You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter and enabling various Walsh channels such as Pilot Sync Traffic and Paging e Synchronization is required so you must have an Even Second clock signal and a reference timebase typically 19 6608 MHz from the base station e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting The PN Offset for the base station under test If you do not know the PN Offset determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu 32 Steps Figure 13 Notes A Ww Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Timing Connect the equipment as shown in figure 12 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Also in the main menu
33. able 1 Channel plans for PCS Band selections PCS Band Channel Plan To calculate the transmitter frequency North American Band Channel range 0 to 1199 Transmitter frequencies 1930 to 1989 95 MHz Offset 80 MHz Channel spacing 50 kHz TX freq channel x 0 05 1930 MHz RX freq channel x 0 05 1850 MHz Korean Band Proposal 0 Channel range 0 to 1300 Transmitter frequencies 1805 to 1870 MHz Offset 90 MHz Channel spacing 50 kHz TX freq channel x 0 05 1805 MHz RX freq channel x 0 05 1715 MHz Korean Band Proposal 1 Channel range to 1300 Transmitter frequencies 1805 to 1870 MHz Offset 90 MHz Channel spacing 50 kHz Channels 1 to 600 TX freq channel x 0 05 1840 MHz RX freq channel x 0 05 1750 MHz Channels 601 to 1300 TX channel 600 x 0 05 1805 MHz RX channel 600 x 0 05 1715 MHz 52 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss Compensating for TX and RX Measurement Path Loss The Software can compensate for losses through cables attenuators couplers and so forth between the Test System and the base station for the best accuracy in average power and receiver measurements The loss values are entered into the Configuration Information Menu and are saved to memory if the Save Info To Memory feature is used Requirements You must know the following loss values e The total l
34. ally 19 6608 MHz The reference should be connected to the SYNTH REF IN port on the rear of the Cellular Adapter If configured correctly the REF UNLOCK indicator on the Cellular Adapter should not be on 3 Missing or faulty connections from the PCS Interface output to the receiver inputs of the base station Check to see that the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface is connected to the receiver test port of the base station being tested 4 Incorrect Base Station Channel entry The Software tunes the CDMA Generator to a receive frequency based on your entry forBase Station Channel The entry must match the channel your base station is set to receive on Verify the channel number entry in the Base Station Channel field on the main menu screen If you want to verify the frequency the Generator is set to see the Generator Frequency setting at the bottom of the main menu screen 71 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors While Attempting Measurements 72 5 RX PN Offset not set to zero For receiver testing the CDMA Generator is simulating the reverse channel uplink signal as it would be sent by a mobile phone Mobiles transmit on system time so the PN Offset should be set to zero Make sure that the field RX PN Offset has an entry of 0 CDMA Generator level delivered to the receiver test port of the base station is low Verify that the entry for RF Level in the CDMA Generator Menu Selection matches the level intended for receiver FE
35. an be viewed at the bottom of the main menu screen Do not make changes to the Tune Freq Setting of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen If you are planning to test Code Domain Power or Code Domain Timing you can use the Measurement field to activate them without having to return to the main menu Refer to the HP 83203B or 83205A Cellular Adapter User s Guide for more details on the use of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen 35 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Transmit Spectrum Transmit Spectrum Overview Figure 16 CAUTION NOTE Requirements 36 It is often useful to look at the transmitter signal with the spectrum analyzer to see its overall symmetry and occupied bandwidth and to identify potential sources of interference This section details two methods for accessing the spectrum analyzer e Go to the spectrum analyzer with the current channel as the center frequency see Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan on page 37 e Go to the spectrum analyzer after entering a new center frequency see Steps Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Freq on page 38 geavo Transmitter Port Before performing any transmitter measurements make sure that the power level applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface does not exceed the published limit For CDMA base station signals this is
36. ansmitter The sampled signal is quantified in terms of average level Multiple samples are then time averaged to display a final power measurement Base Station BS A fixed location transceiver in a communications network The land station in a cellular or PCS network carrying on a radio communication with mobile units CDMA See Code Division Multiple Access CDMA Channel The set of channels transmitted from the base station and the mobile stations on a given frequency See also forward CDMA channel and reverse CDMA channel CDMA Frequency Assignment A 1 23 MHz segment of spectrum centered on one of the 30 kHz channels of the existing analog system CDMA Generator A functional block in the CDMA Cellular Adapter that generates pilot PN sequences with externally or internally applied channel data A noise generator is also incorporated that is capable of generating calibrated E N signals Cellular Adapter The HP 83203B or 83205A CDMA digital cellular top box for the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set Channel A transmission path between two points Itis usually the smallest subdivision of a particular transmission system by means of which a single type of communication service is provided Code Channel A subchannel of a forward CDMA channel A forward COMA channel contains 64 code channels Code channel zero is assigned to the pilot channel Code channels through 7 may be assigned to either the paging channels or the t
37. arch The Software will search for the PN offset in segments displaying a message on the screen to show which segment is being searched When the Software has found the PN Offset you should see a display of the offset PN OFFSET 24 When the Software finds the PN Offset it will insert the value automatically into the Base Station PN Offset field on the main menu screen During the search the following error message will often appear Cannot correlate to input signal Check setup This is normal for the Search for PN Offset If the Software is unable to find the PN Offset it will display the message PN OFFSET NOT FOUND If you decide to abort stop the PN offset search press the Main Menu k5 key There can be a delay of several seconds before you see the main menu display See the section on PN Offsetin CDMA Measurement not Correlating in chapter 4 Troubleshooting on page 69 45 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Check Even Second Clock Check Even Second Clock Overview Figure 24 NOTE Requirements NOTE 46 Most CDMA transmitter tests require an Even Second clock signal from the base station in order to correlate the measurement If you are receiving an error stating Cannot correlate to input signal Check setup you may have a problem with your Even Second clock signal This Software utility allows you to check for a valid clock signal from the base station EVEN SECOND Rear Panel
38. ase Station Channel 220 Base Station PN Offset Base Station Reference Freq 19 6608 MHz Base Station Reference To SYNTH REF IN Base Station Power Out 1 00000 Watt s TX Measurement Path Loss 0 5 dB RX Measurement Path Loss 4 0 dB Connection Drawing Menu HB PCS Band North American Band Beep Off Save Info To Memory Load Info From Memory PCS Band Selection Menu HB North American Band Korean Band Proposal 0 Korean Band Proposal 1 19 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 3 Configure the Software This completes the required entries You may now save your entries or press the Main Menu k5 key to return to the main menu To save entries see Saving Configuration Information to Memory in Chapter 3 TESTS IBASIC Controller Confisuration Information Nenu BBack to Previous Menu Bose Station Channelessreeers 220 Base Station PN Offset i Base Station Reference F Base Station Reference Tors Base Station Power Qut TK Measurement Path Loss RK Measurement Path Loss Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band North American Band Beep Off Save Info To Card Load Info From Card 4 0 dB 6 19 6608 MHz SYNTH REF IN 1 00000 Watt s 5 dB USERS kl R User keys 1 5 correspond to the fields on the top right corner of the test set screen
39. ast field at the bottom of the screen and set Autostart Test Procedure on Power up to On 5 To return to the Software s main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER With this setting whenever you apply power to the Test Set it will automatically run the Software program loaded in non volatile memory This will configure the Test Set to act as a CDMA tester assuming that the CDMA PCS Software is loaded and saves steps in testing If you power up the Test Set later and want to use other manual functions simply select Quit k5 from the main menu and then select the other function Turning the autostart feature off is done using the steps above except you would set the Autostart Test Procedure on Power up mode to Off The autostart feature continues to work even if you load and run another program on the Test Set The new program will be automatically run the next time you turn on the Test Set 57 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Viewing Instrument Connections Viewing Instrument Connections Steps Notes 58 In setting up your Test System you may have questions about connections between the Test Set Cellular Adapter and PCS Interface as well as the connections to the CDMA PCS base station In the Configuration Information Menu is a selection that displays connection diagrams for the front and rear panels Oe From the main menu select Configuration Information Menu Make sure that you have your desired entr
40. ay have to use an external attenuator or directional coupler depending on the power output for your transmitter Signal levels greater than the specified maximum can cause damage to the test equipment The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started e Synchronization is required so you must have an Even Second Clock signal and a reference timebase typically 19 6608 MHz from the base station e You must have the ability to transmit the pilot channel only Walsh 0 e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting The PN Offset for the base station under test If you do not know the PN Offset determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu Chapter 2 Making Measurements Modulation Quality Rho Steps 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 8 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Also in the main menu enter the Base Station PN Offset Set up the base station to transmit pilot only on the channel number entered in step 2 Verify that the REF UNLOCK light on the front of the Cellular Adapter is not lit Scroll to and select Measure Rho Parameters screen see figure 9 Read the value under the Rho field Read the values after the Time offset Freq error and Carrier ft fields Press the Main Menu k5
41. code channel used to transport primary traffic secondary traffic and signaling traffic from the base station to the mobile station Glossary Frame A basic timing interval in the system For the Access channel paging channel and traffic channel a frame is 20 ms long For the sync channel a frame is 26 666 ms long Frame Clocks A phase locked loop in the CDMA Cellular Adapter that provides the following CDMA clocks for internal or external through the rear panel 9 pin connector use e 2 second e 80 millisecond e 27 millisecond e 20 millisecond Frame Delay Pulse An internal timing pulse that initiates the Cellular Adapter s CDMA frame clocks The frame delay pulse occurs after the frame delay timer expires Frame Delay Timer A timer that determines the interval between the sync pulse and the frame delay pulse Frame Error Rate FER A measure of the performance of a digital receiver For a given data rate the ratio of frames received incorrectly to the total number of frames sent Also referred to as Frame Error Ratio Intermediate Frequency IF The frequency resulting from a downconversion process Mcps Megachips per second one million chips per second Modulation Quality See Rho Modulation Symbol The output of the data modulator before spreading On the reverse traffic channel 64 ary orthogonal modulation is used and six code symbols are associated with one modulation symbol On the f
42. cted to the station equipment by serial or LAN port e This test requires synchronization between the Test System s CDMA signal generator and the base station under test This is achieved using the Even Second clock signal from the base station e The CDMA generator should be connected directly to the receiver s input s This can be achieved by connecting to only one input at a time or by using a splitter to connect to both inputs at once if there is more than one receiver test port e You must know the following about your base station and setup O The base station channel number setting O The Receiver PN Offset for the base station under test typically 0 Steps Figure 22 Notes un wn SO JIA 10 11 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Receiver Performance in Additive Noise Make the equipment connections as shown in figure 21 On the main menu screen enter the Base Station Channel number Scroll to and select Setup CDMA Generator Set the Generator Mode to Eb No Note that a new field appears called Eb No Level Set the Eb No Level as called for in the test standard or in your base station test procedures for example 5 5 dB Scroll to and set the RX PN Offset typically to 0 Scroll to and set the Data Source to Random Set the RF Level as called for in your test procedure At this point the CDMA signal generator is transmitting with random data and noise Read the resulting Frame Error Rate from the ba
43. eiver Tests on page 74 Table 2 64 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors When Loading and Running the Software Errors When Loading and Running the Software Memory Overflow Errors NOTE Problem The random access memory RAM space of the Test Set is shared by IBASIC programs and the Save Recall storage registers If you have saved a large number of registers in your Test Set you may encounter a memory overflow error when you first attempt to load the Software Solution You will need to clear up some RAM space by deleting some or all of your saved registers You can do this selectively one register at a time or you can clear all storage registers at once globally Clearing the registers whether selectively or globally is permanent You cannot retrieve the registers once deleted You have an option to save registers to a RAM memory card as well Consult the HP 8921 User s Guide for instructions on this procedure To Clear a Single Register at a Time 1 Press the RECALL key 2 Scroll the cursor to the register to be deleted 3 Press the ON OFF key 4 Press the YES key same key to confirm S The register is cleared To Clear All Save Registers 1 Press the RECALL key 2 Scroll down to Clr A11 and press the knob 3 Press the YES ON OFF key to confirm 4 All Save registers are now cleared 65 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors When Loading and Running the Software Test System
44. emory card supplied with the PCS Interface and follow the steps of figure 3 and figure 4 Y 0 ji Press PA Wait for display to Rp Press PRESET 4 Insert the POWER appear System Utility approximately 20 Software card seconds Continued on the following page Figure 3 15 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 2 Load and Run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software Press TESTS to display the TESTS Main Menu screen Position the cursor at Select Procedure Location and select it Position AA TS LOAD TEST PROCEDURE Ni Select Procedure Location Select Procedure Filename as Select Q Position the cursor at Card and select it Position the cursor at Select Procedure Filename and select it Position a i NY D Select Position Fi 2 NI Ne LOAD TEST PROCEDURE i Select Procedure Location Card Select Procedure Filename Select e Position the cursor at Choices and select PCSCDMA Position the cursor at Run Test and select it The Software is now loading Position 7 Su XI YYYYYYYY Select e Position tun Test O s Loading Time S 2 First time approximately Select one minute After first time wa e approximately 15 seconds Figure 4 16 Navigation of the CDMA PCS BS Test S
45. ffset Base Station Reference Freq 19 6608 MHz Base Station Reference To SYNTH REF IN Base Station Power Out 1 00000 Watt s Hi TX Measurement Path Loss dB RX Measurement Path Loss 4 0 dB Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band North American Band Beep Off Save Info To Memory Load Info From Memory Enter the value into the highlighted field The Software will compen sate for cable loss improving measurement accuracy Scroll to and select RX Measurement Path Loss Enter the loss of the RF cable include loss through split ters and so forth between your base station s receiver test port and the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface Configuration Information Menu Return to Main Menu Base Station Channel Base Station PN Offset Base Station Reference Freq 19 6608 MHz Base Station Reference To SYNTH REF IN Base Station Power Out 1 00000 Watt s TX Measurement Path Loss 0 5 dB IN RX Measurement Path Loss EM dB Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band North American Band Beep Off Save Info To Memory Load Info From Memory Enter the value into the highlighted field The Software will compen sate for cable loss improving measurement accuracy Q Scroll to and select PCS Band Scroll to and select your band of interest See Selecting a PCS Band on page 51 Configuration Information Menu Return to Main Menu B
46. gure 20 Notes Chapter 2 Making Measurements Connect the equipment as shown in figure 19 Scroll to and select Setup CDMA Generator Kk VO measurement in dBm Scroll to and set the Data Source to Random c JI A LI step 4 Scroll to and set the Generator Mode to Data Scroll to and set the RX PN Offset typically to 0 Receiver Sensitivity In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number Scroll to RF Level and enter the signal generator level for your sensitivity At this time the CDMA generator is sending random data at the level you entered in 9 You can now read the calculated FER from the PC or other means 10 If desired use the RF Level selection to change the signal strength and read the resulting FER 11 To return to the main menu press the Main Menu k5 key Turn the knob ond either push to selec another menu or make a data entry COMA Generator Menu Selection BReturn to Previous Menu RF Level 118 0 dEm Generator Mode Dato RX PH Offset i Data Source Random Horth American Band Generator Freauency 1861 TESTS CIBASIC Controller ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT The cable loss including losses through splitters couplers and so forth entered into the Configuration Information Menu screen is taken into account when signal generator RF level settings are made The level at the PCS Interface RF IN OUT port is increased by the loss amount so the displayed RF level
47. hannel definition 78 forward link definition 78 forward traffic channel definition 78 frame definition 79 frame clocks definition 79 frame delay pulse definition 79 frame delay timer definition 79 frame error rate 42 definition 79 frame error rate FER 40 42 frame error rate measurement problems 71 85 I instrument connections 14 58 intermediate frequency definition 79 86 L Loading Configuration Information 55 loading the software 15 Index M main menu screen 17 making connections 14 making measurements 23 Mcps definition 79 measurement errors 69 measurement results average power 73 code domain measurements 74 receiver tests 74 rho 74 measurements 23 average power 26 code domain phase 34 code domain power 30 code domain timing 32 modulation quality rho 28 other 44 questionable results 73 receiver performance in additive noise 42 receiver sensitivity 40 transmit spectrum 36 memory overflow errors 65 menu screen errors 68 modulation quality definition 79 modulation quality rho 28 modulation symbol definition 79 N navigation of software menus 17 noise source 42 Noise Added White Gaussian definition 77 o offset quadrature phase shift keying definition 79 OQPSK definition 79 Index P paging channel definition 79 PCS definition 79 PCS Band selection 51 PCS frequencies 51 PCS Interface definition 79 error messages
48. hapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors When Loading and Running the Software Menu Screens in this Book do not Match the Screens that You See 68 Problem You may have loaded another software procedure from the utility software memory card that is shipped with each PCS Interface Procedures for Test System Connectivity SYS CONN and Manual Control MANUAL also reside on the memory card and are loaded in the same manner as the CDMA PCS BS test software Solution 1 Return to the main menu If it does not read CDMA PCS Main Menu at the top of the display you most likely have another program loaded and running 2 Pause the program by pressing the CANCEL key and press the TESTS key In the TESTS menu the Procedure Filename should be PCSCDMA 3 If not follow the steps in Getting Started in chapter 1 to load and run the CDMA PCS BS test software Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors While Attempting Measurements Errors While Attempting Measurements CDMA Measurement not Correlating NOTE Problem If your Test System is not set up correctly for some of the tests you may see the following message posted at the top of the display Cannot correlate to input signal Check setup The error message can appear while in many of the menus but it will affect the following main menu selections e Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen e Measure Rho Parameters For an on screen summary of the possible causes and solutions press the
49. he RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface falls within this range before continuing with your tests Channels other than the Pilot are on For modulation quality measurements on a CDMA signal you must have only the pilot channel active If other channels sync paging or traffic are on you will get poor rho readings if you get readings at all Turn off any other code channels if they are on before trying to re measure rho Other sources of interference exist in the channel If other interference sources are present within the CDMA channel you will see degraded rho performance The spectrum analyzer modes may be used to search for other interference Sources of errors in Code Domain measurements include the following Channels other than the Pilot are not turned up Unlike the rho measurements example code domain measurements require other code channels to be turned on In most cases in addition to the Pilot channel you will have a sync channel a paging channel and one or more traffic channels enabled Sources of errors in receiver tests include the following Cable loss values are incorrect Since the Software will compensate for cable loss between the Test System and your base station s receiver test port it is very important that you have the correct values entered into the Configuration Information Menu You can view the loss values in the Configuration Information Menu If they do not match your setup do not forget
50. ies in the fields of the Configuration Information Menu see Notes below Scroll to and select Connection Drawing Menu For a diagram of front panel connections scroll to and select Show Instrument Front Panel Connections For rear panel connections scroll to and select Show Instrument Rear Panel Connections You can exit the connection diagram screen by pressing the Continue k2 key Press the Prev Menu k5 key to return to the Configuration Information Menu Press the Main Menu k5 key to return to the main menu level The connection diagrams change as a function of the entries into the Configuration Information Menu For this reason make sure you have entered your desired values before viewing the instrument connections Connection diagrams for each CDMA test are also shown in chapter 2 Making Measurements Chapter 3 Operating Overview Setting the Test System Beep Setting the Test System Beep Steps Notes The Software can provide an audio tone beep to let you know when selections are made in the menu screens This beep sounds when you change menu screens choose an entry field and when you complete an entry In its default mode the beep function is set to a medium volume Quiet You can customize the beep function as follows Kk UO If you don t want to hear the beep at all you can turn it off For noisy environments you can set the beep to a high volume Loud From the main menu
51. in Brief 12 If you are installing commissioning or maintaining Personal Communication Services PCS sites using the Code Division Multiple Access CDMA standard this Software will assist you in performing tests of transmitter and receiver performance The HP 83236B CDMA PCS BS Test Software is an Instrument BASIC IBASIC application used to set up the PCS Interface for transmitter and receiver measurements on CDMA base station equipment The Software runs on the Test Set s internal IBASIC controller to allow you to manually control the PCS Interface which has no front panel controls This latest revision of the Software provides support for the North American PCS channel plans plus two proposed band definitions for use in international PCS networks The CDMA PCS BS Test Software is designed to run on the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set using the HP 83203B or HP 83205A Cellular Adapters an equivalent configuration is the HP 8921A Option 600 601 603 This combination of test equipment plus the Software is hereafter referred to as the Test System This Software does not perform automated measurements of a CDMA base station it controls the Test System then allows you to make these measurements manually using the CDMA test screens The basic steps are e Set up the base station and test equipment e Load and run the Software e Enter information about your base station e The Software configures the Test System to test e
52. inition 81 System definition 81 system configuration errors 66 67 system time definition 81 T Test Set definition 81 timebase connections 60 timing code domain 32 tone audio 59 traffic channel definition 81 transmit spectrum 36 trigger event definition 81 troubleshooting 63 TX Measurement Path Loss 53 U UCT definition 81 Universal Coordinated Time definition 81 uplink definition 81 Vv viewing connect diagrams 58 Index 89 W Walsh chip definition 81 Walsh cover definition 81 Walsh function definition 82 Walsh symbol definition 82 90 Z zero offset pilot definition 82 Index
53. ion Power Out 1 00000 Watt s TX Measurement Path Loss 5 dB RX Measurement Path Loss 4 0 dB Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band North American Band Beep Off Save Info To Memory Load Info From Memory Purge Info From Memory Scroll to and select the clock frequency of the timebase signal at the SYNTH REF IN port Scroll to and select Base Station Power Out and enter the level of your transmitted signal Select New Reference Frequency Typical reference frequencies are 19 6608 MHz and 10 MHz E 19 6608 Configuration Information Menu Return to Main Menu Base Station Channel 220 Base Station PN Offset 16 Base Station Reference Freq 19 6608 MHz gt Base Station Reference To SYNTH REF IN HB Base Station Power Out EKINO Watt s TX Measurement Path Loss 5 dB RX Measurement Path Loss 4 0 dB Connection Drawing Menu PCS Band North American Band May be Beep Off i Save Info To Memory approximate Load Info From Memory 18 Continued on the following page Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 3 Configure the Software Scroll to and select TX Measurement Path Loss Enter the loss through cables couplers and attenuators between your base station s transmitter test port and the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface Configuration Information Menu Return to Main Menu Base Station Channel Base Station PN O
54. lar Adapter Figure 1 13 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 1 Make Connections Step 1 Make Connections Make the connections between the elements of the Test System and the base station as shown in figure 2 NOTE This figure does not illustrate all rear panel connections between the Cellular Adapter and Test Set Refer to the Cellular Adapter User s Guide to verify these connections EVEN SECOND SYNCIN Lee Q e Gam 999 99 ece el j 1 CDMA Base Station Even Second Clock Note This figure shows the most common timebase configuration See An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration on page 60 19 6608 MHz Clk or other reference SYNTH REF IN 10 MHz OUT e aesescovoocovoovovo EO KELO HP IB 10 MHz REF INPUT 10 MHz REF OUTPUT REFIN Figure 2 14 Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 2 Load and Run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software Step 2 Load and Run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software The next step is to get the CDMA PCS BS Test Software loaded into the Test Set and running on the IBASIC controller Locate the m
55. m the main menu choose the Configuration Information Menu 2 Scroll down to Purge Info From Memory and press the knob The purging process takes only a fraction of a second The next time the Software is run the Configuration Information Menu will be loaded with default values 3 To return to the main menu level press the Main Menu k5 key The fact that configuration information has been purged from memory is shown in the Configuration Information Menu whenever you purge the data manually using the steps outlined above See Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 for a description of saving the settings to memory Using Autostart Turning On the Autostart Feature Turning Off the Autostart Feature Notes Chapter 3 Operating Overview Using Autostart Autostart is a feature of the Test Set s IBASIC controller and is used to customize the instrument for a specific task The autostart feature allows you to flip a switch to configure the Test Set to automatically run whatever program is currently stored in its non volatile memory when the instrument is first turned on If you would like your Test System to boot up into the main menu of the CDMA PCS BS Test Software screen follow these steps 1 Scroll to and select Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan This is done only to pause the Software in a known state 2 Press the TESTS key 3 Scroll to and select Execution Cond 4 Scroll to the l
56. memory This saves time when running the Software at a later date and helps to prevent entry errors The stored data is loaded automatically any time you re run the Software If you make changes to the on screen values and you want to return to your defaults you can also load the stored data manually e An initialized RAM disk The first time you run the Software it will set up and initialize the RAM disk automatically A RAM disk is a virtual memory location that uses a small portion of internal non volatile RAM of the Test Set No memory card is required to save and load configurations From the main menu choose the Configuration Information Menu 2 Check to make sure that the following entries in the Configuration Information Menu are set with your desired values Base Station Channel Base Station PN Offset Base Station Reference Freq Base Station Reference To Base Station Power Out TX Measurement Path Loss RX Measurement Path Loss PCS Band Beep 3 Scroll down to Save Info To Memory and press the knob The screen will be updated and the storage will be complete 4 To return to the main menu level press the Main Menu k5 key squuuuuu uou See Loading Configuration Information from Memory on page 55 fora description of how your saved values can be reloaded See Purging Configuration Information from Memory on page 56 fora description of how to clear the saved values Chapter 3 Operating Overview
57. nt Path Loss Power meter not zeroed recently Periodically you should zero the power meter This is done by pressing the Zero Pow kl key while in the Average power menu Measurement units are incorrect Verify that the measurement display is reporting in the units that you expect for this test choices are Watts milliwatts and dBm The displayed units can be changed in the Average power menu using USER keys k2 k3 and k4 Input signal is outside the measurement range of the PCS Interface The specified range for average power measurements with the PCS Interface is 13 to 30 dBm 50 uW to 1 W when testing CDMA base station transmitters Verify that the signal applied to the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface falls within this range before continuing with your tests You can use the Go To Spectrum Analyzer modes to view the transmitted signal Connections are missing or faulty Make sure that you have connected your transmitter signal to the RF IN OUT port on the front panel of the PCS Interface 73 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Questionable Measurement Results Rho Measurements Sources of errors in rho measurement include the following Code Domain Measurements Receiver Tests 74 Input signal is outside the measurement range of the PCS Interface The specified range for rho measurements with the PCS Interface is 13 to 30 dBm 50 uW to 1 W when testing base station transmitters Verify that the signal applied to t
58. oftware use Main Selection and Cursor Control Some menu selections open lower level menus others allow entry of numeric data To select a menu item rotate the knob until the cursor is front of the selection and press the knob Chapter 1 Getting Started Step 2 Load and Run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software Entry Fields After the Software has loaded you should see the CDMA PCS BS Test Software s main menu screen on the display of the Test Set see figure 5 Important features of this screen are indicated in the figure with notes on their Some main menu selections are entry fields When these are selected a highlighted area appears and you may key in a value with the DATA keys or rotate the knob to change the value in the field When the desired value is set press the knob or the ENTER key N onNhuration Information Mel Base Station Channeleseeeee Base Station PN Offsetererse Search for PN Offset Go to Spectrum Analyzer amp Enter Frea Go to Code Donain Analyzer Screen Perform Average Power Neasurenents Measure Rho Paraneters Setup COMA Generator Check Even Second Clock orth American Band TX Freat 1941 RX Freat 1861 Tuned Frequency This area displays the frequency settings for the CDMA analyzer and signal generator Figure 5 Go to Spectrum Analyzer Present Chan
59. on Timebase Configuration on page 60 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Selecting a PCS Band Selecting a PCS Band NOTE Steps Notes With the HP 83236B PCS Interface the Software supports several channel plans used in PCS systems internationally By selecting the appropriate plan you can use channel numbers rather than frequencies to tune the signal generator and analyzer for testing If you use the HP 83236A PCS Interface only the North American Band is supported and the procedure described on this page does not apply The band choices in this revision of Software are e North American Band e Korean Band Proposal 0 e Korean Band Proposal 1 To select a new PCS Band 1 From the main menu scroll to and select Configuration Information Menu 2 Scroll to and select PCS Band 3 Choose one of the band choices by scrolling to it and pressing the knob The choice will then appear in the Configuration Information Menu 4 To return to the main menu level press the Main Menu k5 key Once you ve selected the appropriate channel plan all you need to do to tune the Test System is enter the channel number in the Base Station Channel field The Test System makes the conversion to a frequency and tunes the generator and analyzer If you would like to know the frequency settings for a given channel number and PCS Band combination refer to table 1 on page 52 51 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Selecting a PCS Band T
60. ormation on the use of the PCS Interface Cell Site Test Set and the CDMA Cellular Adapters e HP 83236A or 3236B PCS Interface Operating Manual p n 83236 90101 e HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set User s Guide p n 08921 90022 e HP 3203B CDMA Cellular Adapter p n 83203 90028 or HP 83205A CDMA Cellular Adapter p n 83205 90008 Conventions Used in this Book The following terms are used throughout this book e Test Set the HP 8921A Cell Site Test Set e Cellular Adapter the HP 83203B or 83205A CDMA Cellular Adapter e PCS Interface the HP 83236A B used to translate PCS signals into the range of the Test Set e Software the CDMA PCS Base Station Test Software described in this book e Test System the combination of a Test Set a Cellular Adapter and a PCS Interface The Test Set s keys softkeys and selection choices in menu screens are shown as follows e lt A key on the Test Set s front panel TESTS e A User Key Main Menu k5 e A selection choice or setting on the CRT display Equipment Type Contents v Z o e 9 e e 5 0 5 0 1 Getting Started Introduction 12 Who should use the CDMA PCS BS Test Software 12 Product Description 12 Software Operation in Brief 12 Required Equipment 13 Step 1 Make Connections 14 Step 2 Load and Run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software 15 Navigation of the CDMA PCS BS Test Software 17 Step 3 Configure the Software 18 Step 4 Perform
61. orward traffic channel each code symbol when the data rate is 9600 bps or each repeated code symbol when the date rate is less than 9600 bps is one modulation symbol N Noise spectral density See E No Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying OQPSK A form of modulation that applies different data sequences to two carriers separated by 90 The two different data sequences are staggered by half a modulation symbol time See Also Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Paging Channel A code channel on the forward channel used for paging mobile stations Of the 64 Walsh functions used for channelization on the forward link one through seven inclusive can be used for paging channels PCS see Personal Communications Services PCS Interface The HP 83236B Used to translate signals from the PCS band into the range of the Test Set and to provide a calibrated CDMA signal source 79 80 Glossary Personal Communication Services PCS Emerging wireless networks using digital modulation formats and operating in the frequency band between 1 8 and 2 4 GHz Pilot Channel An unmodulated direct sequence spread spectrum signal transmitted continuously by each CDMA base station The Pilot channel allows a mobile station to acquire the timing of the forward CDMA channel provides a phase reference for coherent demodulation and provides a means for signal strength comparisons between base stations for determining when to hand
62. oss in dB between the base station s transmitter test port and the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface e The total loss in dB between the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface and the base station s receiver test port These values should include losses through any cables splitters attenuators and directional couplers used in your test setup Steps 1 From the main menu select Configuration Information Menu 2 Scroll to and select TX Measurement Path Loss and enter the loss between the transmitter s test port and the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface Once selected you can use the knob to scroll up and down in 1 dB increments or you may enter the value directly using the DATA keys Press ENTER or the knob when the correct value appears in the inverse field 3 Scroll to and select RX Measurement Path Loss and enter the total loss between the PCS Interface s RF IN OUT port and the receiver s test port 4 To return to the main menu press the Main Menu k5 key Notes The loss values you entered in the steps above will not be saved unless you use the Save Info to Memory feature See Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 53 Chapter 3 Operating Overview Saving Configuration Information to Memory Saving Configuration Information to Memory Requirements NOTE Steps Notes 54 The information about your setup and base station entered into the Configuration Information Menu can be saved to
63. raffic channels Code channel 32 may be assigned to either a sync channel or a traffic channel The remaining code channels may be assigned to traffic channels Code Division Multiple Access CDMA A technique for spread spectrum multiple access digital communications that creates channels through the use of unique code sequences 77 o e Vv o o 78 Glossary Code Domain Analyzer An instrument that measures individual Walsh Channel characteristics in a CDMA channel The Cellular Adapter can display all 64 Walsh Channels in a received signal and display their power phase and timing relationship Code Domain Phase A measurement mode that provides the relative phase relationship between various Walsh Channels and the Pilot Channel Code Domain Power A measurement mode that presents the signal strength of the Walsh Channels in a CDMA signal It indicates the division of the total power in the channel as shared by the Pilot Sync Paging and Traffic channels Code Domain Timing A measurement mode that indicates the relative timing relationship between various Walsh Channels and the Pilot Channel Data Block The sampled and quantized record of a portion of the IF waveform at the input to the DSP analyzer The data block s length is determined by the Interval field on the CDMA ANALYZER screen dBm Hz A measure of power spectral density dBm Hz is the power in one Hertz of bandwidth where power
64. re that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started e You should know the following about your base station and setup O The base station channel number setting e You must have a means of controlling the base station to turn on the transmitter set the channel number and so forth Steps In this example loss 1 dB of cable loss Figure 7 Notes A Wo QO through a 20 dB attenuator was added to an additional Chapter 2 Making Measurements Average Power Connect the equipment as shown in figure 6 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Set up the base station to transmit on the channel number entered in step 2 From the main menu choose Perform Average Power Measurements The resulting screen see figure 7 will display average power in Watts The average power displayed is corrected for the loss value entered in the Configuration Information Menu under TX Measurement Path Loss You can change the measurement s units to milliwatts or dBm using USER keys k3 and k4 respectively USER key kl will re zero the power meter It is not necessary to remove power from the RF IN OUT port of the PCS Interface to zero the power meter If you want to measure average power at another frequency return to step 2 Press the Main Menu k5 key to return to the main menu TESTS IBASIC Controller li ZeroPow Zero Pow 2 MAS
65. se station If desired change the Eb No Level according your test procedure and read the resulting FER value When finished return to the main menu by pressing the Main Menu k5 USER key TESTS IBASIC Controller Turn the knob ond either push to select another menu or make a data entry COMA Generator Menu Selection Return to Previous Menu RF Level 118 0 dEm Generator Mode Eb No RX PH Offset Dota Source Random MEb Ho Level 5 50 dBm SPEC AHL ENCODER Horth American Band DECODER Generator Freauency 1861 RADIO INT The cable loss including losses through splitters couplers and so forth entered into the Configuration Information Menu screen is taken into account when signal generator RF level settings are made The level at the PCS Interface RF IN OUT port is increased by the loss amount so the displayed RF level indicates the true level delivered to the base station s receiver test port s The field RX PN Offset is provided for you to change the offset for your testing if required Normally mobiles transmit on system time which corresponds to an offset of 0 the default value in the Software menu 43 Chapter 2 Making Measurements Search for PN Offset Search for PN Offset Overview If you are unsure of the PN offset for the transmitter and channel you plan to test the Software provides this utility to search for and display the PN offset EVEN SECOND Rear Panel SYNC IN
66. select Configuration Information Menu Scroll to and select Beep Use the cursor to scroll and choose one of the three options Off Quiet or Loud Press the Main Menu k5 key to return to the main menu level The beep level you set will not be saved unless you use the Save Info to Memory feature See Saving Configuration Information to Memory on page 54 59 Chapter 3 Operating Overview An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration Steps NOTE Notes 60 Chapter 1 describes the most common method of connecting timebases between the Test System and the base station under test This section shows an alternative way of connecting the timebases using the CDMA TIMEBASE IN port of the CDMA Cellular Adapter rather than the rear panel SYNTH REF IN port 1 Connect the timebases as shown in figure 25 Note the connections from the BNC tee on the Test Set s 10 MHz REF OUTPUT to both the Cellular Adapter and the PCS Interface This figure does not illustrate all rear panel connections between the Cellular Adapter and Test Set Refer to the Cellular Adapter User s Guide to verify these connections 2 From the main menu select Configuration Information Menu 3 Note the selection for the Base Station Reference To field If it is set to SYNTH REF IN scroll down to the line and press the knob to change it to read CDMA TB IN Otherwise
67. sh function The are 2N Walsh chips in one Walsh function where N is the order of the Walsh function On the forward CDMA channel one Walsh chip equals 1 1 2288 MHz or 813 802 ns On the reverse CDMA channel one Walsh chip equals 4 1 2288 MHz or 3 255 us Walsh Cover A coding method that uses Walsh functions to create a set of mutually orthogonal CDMA signals In the CDMA system a code channel is formed by a Walsh cover 81 82 Glossary Walsh Function One of 2 time orthogonal binary functions note that the functions are orthogonal after mapping 0 to 1 and 1 to 1 Walsh Symbol The time necessary to transmit one Walsh function on the reverse CDMA channel Zero Offset Pilot PN Sequence A pilot PN sequence aligned with System Time such that the first chip on every even second mark is the 1 following the fifteen consecutive O s A access channel definition 77 Added White Gaussian Noise definition 77 added white gaussian noise 42 Autostart 57 definition 77 turning off 57 turning on 57 average power 26 definition 77 suspect measurement results 73 AWGN 42 definition 77 B bad measurements 73 base station definition 77 beep setting volume level 59 beginning use of the software 11 Index Cc cable losses receiver path 53 transmitter path 53 CDMA definition 77 CDMA channel definition 77 CDMA frequency assignment definition 77 CDMA generator definition 7
68. st equipment NOTE The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started Requirements e You must have a means of turning on the base station transmitter and enabling various Walsh channels Pilot Sync Traffic and Paging e Synchronization is required so you must have an Even Second clock signal and a reference timebase typically 19 6608 MHz from the base station e You must know the following about the base station and setup O The base station channel number setting The PN Offset for the base station under test If you do not know the PN Offset determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu 30 Steps Figure 11 Notes Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Power 1 Connect the equipment as shown in figure 10 2 Inthe main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested 3 Also in the main menu enter the Base Station PN Offset 4 Scroll to and select Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen 5 Verify that the Measurement field at the bottom of the display is set to Power If it is not scroll down and set it to Power 6 Turn on your base station transmitter 7 If the signal is correlated you should see a display similar to that of figure 11 showing the pilot channel s level Walsh code 0 and any other Sync Paging or Traffic channels that are active 8 To return to the
69. t If you do not know the PN Offset determine it by selecting Search for PN Offset in the main menu 34 Steps Figure 15 Notes A Ww Chapter 2 Making Measurements Code Domain Phase Connect the equipment as shown in figure 14 In the main menu enter the Base Station Channel number for the transmitter being tested Also in the main menu enter the Base Station PN Offset Scroll to and select Go to Code Domain Analyzer Screen Scroll to the Measurement field at the bottom of the display and set to Phase if not already selected Turn on your base station transmitter with the Pilot Sync Traffic and Paging channels enabled You should now see a display of relative phase as shown in figure 15 If you need to re scale the vertical resolution select Controls Marker and then scroll to the Phase div field and select from settings of 1 to 50 mRad milliradians To return to the main menu press SHIFT then k1 then ENTER To return to Programs press SHIFT kis ENTER CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER Ta0fs 2 81 Frat badubviceuenased assaasazasaj lsvesseksa d Wacaseauaced u saaskudaj ku ana veso doeu uabasa Ioiuauadio i dese 0 2 CarFT EB ENCODER DECODER RADIO INT The Tune Freq displayed at the bottom of the CODE DOMAIN ANALYZER screen does not indicate the true tuned frequency of the Test System The tuned frequency is calculated from your entry for Base Station Channel and c
70. ted to the SYNTH REF IN port on the rear of the Cellular Adapter If configured correctly the REF UNLOCK indicator on the Cellular Adapter should not be on 5 Transmitter not turned on You must have a means of controlling the cell site equipment including the ability to turn on a given transmitter If your tool typically a PC shows the information verify that the transmitter is turned on and that it matches the channel entry in step 1 70 Frame Error Rate Receiver Measurements Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Errors While Attempting Measurements Problem If your Test System is not set up correctly for receiver tests you may see erroneous results extremely high FER or the inability to return a measurement on the tool you use for displaying the Frame Error Rate calculated by the base station The error can occur while using the following menu screen e CDMA Generator Menu Selection Possible causes and solutions 1 Missing an Even Second clock timing signal You must have access to the Even Second clock signal from the base station to achieve proper correlation to the CDMA signal Verify that the signal is accessible and make sure that it is connected to the EVEN SECOND SYNC IN port on front of the Cellular Adapter To verify your Even Second clock see Check Even Second Clock on page 46 2 Test System timebase reference not connected Verify that you have access to the base station s reference timebase signal typic
71. tes 55 Purging Configuration Information from Memory 56 Requirements 56 Steps 56 Notes 56 Using Autostart 57 Turning On the Autostart Feature 57 Turning Off the Autostart Feature 57 Notes 57 Viewing Instrument Connections 58 Steps 58 Notes 58 Contents Setting the Test System Beep 59 Steps 59 Notes 59 An Alternative Test System to Base Station Timebase Configuration 60 Steps 60 Notes 60 Contents 10 4 Troubleshooting Overview 64 Errors When Loading and Running the Software 65 Memory Overflow Errors 65 Test System Configuration Errors at Runtime 66 Other Test System Configuration Errors 67 Configuration Information is Not Updated as Saved 67 Menu Screens in this Book do not Match the Screens that You See 68 Errors While Attempting Measurements 69 CDMA Measurement not Correlating 69 Frame Error Rate Receiver Measurements 71 Questionable Measurement Results 73 Overview 73 Average Power 73 Rho Measurements 74 Code Domain Measurements 74 Receiver Tests 74 Glossary 77 Index 83 9 o p Q o D a Getting Started Follow the steps in this chapter to load and run the CDMA PCS BS Test Software to connect the test equipment and to make initial settings to configure your Test System ti Chapter 1 Getting Started Introduction Introduction Who should use the CDMA PCS BS Test Software Product Description Software Operation
72. testing CDMA base station equipment operating in the PCS band System Time The time reference used by the network System time is synchronous to Universal Coordinated Time except for leap seconds and uses the same time origin as Global Positioning Satellite GPS time All base stations use the same System Time within a small error Mobile stations use the same System Time offset by the propagation delay from the base station to the mobile station See also Universal Coordinated Time Test Set The HP 8921A Used for installation and maintenance of AMPS TDMA and CDMA cell site equipment Traffic Channel A communication path between a mobile station and a base station used primarily for communicating service option related traffic The term traffic channel implies a forward traffic channel and reverse traffic channel pair See also forward traffic channel and reverse traffic channel Trigger Event Trigger event describes the operating state of the DSP analyzer at the time a qualified trigger causes the DSP analyzer to acquire and begin measuring the digitized IF waveform from the CDMA transmitter under test Universal Coordinated Time UCT An internationally agreed upon time scale that has the same rate as atomic time UCT is corrected by step adjustments of exactly one second as needed to remain within 0 9 seconds of astronomical time Uplink See Reverse Link Walsh Chip The shortest identifiable component of a Wal
73. vel of 119 dBm EVEN SECOND Rear Panel SYNC IN P Receiver Port 1 Receiver Pot2 Even second Clock Time Base A RF IN OUT Figure 19 NOTE The test procedures outlined in this section require that you have already configured the Test System as outlined in chapter 1 Getting Started Requirements e You will need a means of reading the Frame Error Rate FER from the base station The CDMA generator sends a random bit pattern which the base station decodes and uses to calculate FER Some means of reading the calculated value is required Often this is done via a laptop PC connected to the station equipment by serial or LAN port e This test requires synchronization between the Test System s CDMA signal generator and the base station under test This is achieved using the Even Second clock signal from the base station e The CDMA generator should be connected directly to the receiver s input s This can be achieved by connecting to only one input at a time or by using a splitter to connect to both inputs at once if there is more than one receiver test port e You must know the following about your base station and setup O The base station channel number setting O The Receiver PN Offset for the base station under test typically 0 40 Steps Fi

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