Exergen D-Series User's Manual
Contents
1. F EXERGEN 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 991 1 D Series Handheld IR Scanners Specifications Model D501 D1001 D1201 D1601 Temperature 50 to 550F 0 1000F 186 1207F 186 1600F Range amp 45 to 287C amp 18 to 540C amp 86 to 653C amp 86 to 871C Relative Humidity Kit Included Kit Included No No Measurement Emissivity Automatic Emissivity Compensation System Adjustment Microscanner D501 amp Calibration None D501RS Requirement Linearity Error Emissivity Error Repeatability Resolution Display Update Response Time Field of View Minimum Spot Size Spectral Sensitivity Analog Output F C Conversion Remote Sensor Instrument Operating Temperature Battery Life 1 of Reading maximum 3 maximum 1 maximum of Difference between target temperature and instrument temperature when touching for emissivity of 0 8 to 1 0 0 1 F amp 0 1 C 0 1 F amp 0 1 C Bright LEDs at 10 times per second 80 msec approximately 1 1 53 approximately 1 4 inch 6 4 mm approximately 2 to 20 microns 1 Mv OF 1mV C Optional Yes Yes Yes Yes Available on all models standard on D1201 and 1601 32 to 122 F 0 to 50 C Approximately 5000 Readings from on 9V Alkaline Battery Dimensions Main Case 3 3 8 X 5 X 3 4 8 5 X 12 5 X 2cm Weight 7 oz 2 kg approx Remote Sensor Version 9 oz2. accurate on clean metals as well Conventional IR devices have considerable inaccuracy introduce significant errors 2 Emissivity shift errors mer Actual emissivity Even if an IR gun is set to the correct emissivity to read a surface accurately at a particular temperature it does not mean that the IR gun will read the same target correctly at other temperatures Conventional IR Emissivity of virtually all surfaces changes with temperature A assumption common assumption for conventional IR thermometry is that emissivity is constant with changes in target surface temperature Real materials do not have this characteristic Temperature 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA Poy EXERGEN 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 991 1 CORPORATION D Series Handheld IR Scanners 3 User adjustment errors A setting of emissivity 0 9 on an IR gun from one manufacturer will not necessarily match that of another IR gun from another manufacturer There are no standards set in the industry on the precise measurement and meaning of emissivity Also Quality Assurance programs should not rely upon any instrument that allows users to alter the instrument settings and to let it display whatever the user wishes 4 Background reflection errors Even if emissivity is constant See 2 there are still errors induced by changing ambient temperatures For example with e
3. the properties and temperature Relative humidity RH is one of the common parameters used to describe the psychro metric state of air in an environment in an oven or to any area where moisture content can influence TH product quality or personnel comfort Certified Accu racy The accurate and reliable measurement of RH is 0 5 RH one of the most challenging tasks in industry and has included devices such as chilled mirrors lithium chloride cells aluminum oxide sensors capacitance polymer sensors hair hygrometers carbon hygristors and a wide variety of technologies to meet the requirements Calibration and certification Air Flow has been even more difficult due to the fact that N Thin layer of evaporating water b most humidity measuring devices employ indirect at preoa methods and therefore have limited traceability The Infrared Psychrometry method with the D Series is a direct application of the thermodynamics and mathematics that defines humidity the D Series is capable of measuring the true wet bulb tempera ture accurately and with the dry bulb temperature the RH can be computed to a very high accuracy via standard psychrometric equations The process is as follows A porous material filter paper is suitable is wetted with water purity is not important and air from the environment flows across the surface to bring the surface to thermodynamic equilibrium with the air i e to the lowest possible temper
4. 25 kg approx D501 D1001 D1601 Optional Analog Output Specify AO example Microscanner D501 AO Remote Sensor Specify Model RS example Microscanner D501 RS Consult factory or distributor for special duty models with special accuracies and temperature ranges for OEM and volume applications Pe EXERGEN 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA CORPORATION 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 9911
5. D Series Handheld IR Scanners EXERGEN C OTR P ORATION O N OU A WO N Common Surface Temperature Measurement Errors Pre set Emissivity errors Emissivity shift errors User adjustment errors Background reflection errors Contact errors Friction heating errors Heat sinking errors Time based errors Miucroscanner The Only Certified Accurate Surface Temperature Instruments in the World D501 and D501 RS Conventional contact probes thermocouples RTDs thermistors Conventional IR Point and Shoot guns and probes including laser aimed units Microscanner D Series IR Thermometers no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect no effect 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 9911 D Series Handheld IR Scanners The D Series is an entirely different type of instrument than conventional temperature measuring devices Designed specifically for the highest possible accuracy it is the only infrared instrument which can be certified as to NIST tracable accuracy on real surfaces of unknown emissivity while completely free of contact errors and heat sinking errors of contact devices Actual measurement area is in the center well away from the area contacted by the edge of the cone Recessed cone traps all emitted surface radiation and blocks out any rad
6. ature produced by the evaporating water which is the wet bulb tem perature P EXERGEN 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA RPORATION 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 9911 D Series Handheld IR Scanners The porous material cooled on both sides by evaporating water reaches wet bulb tempera ture throughout the material thus maintaining wet bulb temperature at the surface for several seconds after the air flow stops Since the water is opaque to infrared wavelengths in as thin a layer as 002 in 05 mm and the D Series is able to measure the temperature with a time constant of 0 1 seconds an accurate measurement of the wet bulb temperature is obtained The same procedure is employed on a non porous material to obtain an accu rate dry bulb temperature D Series nosepiece IR detector surface at wet bulb temperature in the field of view of detector With the appropriate psychrometric equations the RH is immediately calculated Each D Series is equipped with as a standard accessory an RH Kit which includes a convenient 5 a wy ha n card with the wet and dry materials simple RH and Dewpoint calculator and handy tube masr of water d Maximum accuracy for RH measurement is obtained with the D Series models measuring pr 7 0 1 resolution Though the absolute accuracy of the D Series is not 0 1 the RH is most v j _ tie sensitive to wet bulb depression i e the difference betw
7. een dry bulb and wet bulb tempera ture In its differential mode the D Series is accurate to 0 1 which translates to an RH accuracy of approximately 0 5 for the normal range of RH Also Manufactured by Exergen Industrial Division el n AALE OLT EE ERGUN Low cost high quality sensors for non contact temperature measurement and control IRt c sensors are used by more customers worldwide for process control factory automation and OEM applications than any other IR device in the world The small easy to use IRt c sensors require no power and connect directly to standard thermocouple devices available worldwide Over 300 models offered covering temperature ranges from 50 to 5000F 45 to 27600 with up to 0 01C precision For more information and pricing please request a free copy of The IRt c Book catalog from your local distributor or Exergen Microscanner E Series E Distributed by Microscanner E Series and IR 1Probe for Electrical Inspection These unique handheld instruments are used by professionals for fast accurate scanning of electrical equipment The Microscanner Super E with a 200 1 lens color coded display and optional pointing laser is the fastest and most powerful pocket sized electrical IR scanner in the world The IR 1Probe is a low cost electrical IR scanner for use with standard digital multimeters Contact Exergen or your local distributor for more information PN818103 REV 3 ICE
8. iation from environment material actually contacts the target thus minimizing heat transfer Reflective cone automatically corrects for emissivity variations by creating an actual blackbody at the precise location of measurement Figure 1 Unique Automatic Emissivity Compensation System AECS produces accurate temperatures everywhere the infrared probe is placed by creating its own blackbody Effect of Emissivity on Temperature Reading for a 500 F 260 C Target in 70 F 21 C ambient 550 ae 290 D Series using marker 1 Emissivity errors 500 The true emissivity of a surface is known only 450 deg C approximately Conventional IR devices deg F ssl without Exergen s Automatic Emissivity 00 200 Compensation System can only display an 350 e ony enuona siete approximate temperature over their entire 300 150 temperature range 1 0 8 0 6 0 4 0 2 0 Non metals and Oxides Clean Metals ec ar Emissivit The accuracy specifications given by most z manufacturers are only for a black body calibration and do not hold outside laboratory conditions Black body calibrations do not include emissivity shifts ambient change effects on the target and other phenomena that Figure 2 D Series is accurate over a wide emissivity range sufficient to include all non metals If a marker or any other non metal coating is used the D series is
9. missivity 0 9 ambient reflections account for 10 of the signal that the IR gun will see If ambient changes the IR gun will display a different target temperature even if the target remains at the same temperature 5 Contact errors Thermocouples RTDs thermistors and other contact devices only measure their own temperature They do not measure surface temperature Published Accuracy specifications are for the probes only not the surfaces they must measure Users must guarantee that the probes are brought to the same temperature as the surface Can you guarantee that your probes are brought to the same temperature as the targets to be measured 6 Friction heating errors For moving surfaces a contact probe is prone to frictional heating The size of the error is dependent on the rough ness of the surface the speed the coating on the probe and so on It is impossible to control all the variables 7 Heat sinking errors Effect of Ambient Temperature on Target Reading for 100 F 38 C Target with 8 Emissivity a pe F 4 16 27 38 C Conventional Infrared 43 106 102 98 94 90 32 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Ambient T F Figure 3 D Series remains accurate even if the ambient temperature varies while conventional IR devices have considerable inaccuracies Time Comparison Between D Series and Contact Thermocouple fo
10. r Measuring a 500 F 260 C Surface 500 Con rror 260 400 u 300 Pe deg F De S 200 90 eg 100 Contact Probes 0 0 001 0 01 0 1 1 10 100 1000 Time from start of Measurement sec Figure 4 D Series measures surface temperature in a fraction of a second while contact probes thermocouples RTD s thermistors etc require many minutes to acheive equilibrium Contact probes always have a residual error due to imperfect heat transfer from the surface to probe For most non metals heat sinking errors can be quite large The heat transfer rate of the metal leads required on contact probes conducts heat faster than the target material can replace resulting in unknown and fairly large errors In general the less dense the target material the larger the heat sinking error with a contact probe 8 Time based errors Contact temperature probes are slow The temperature of a target can change more quickly than most probes resulting in errors in real time measurement tome 51 Water Street Watertown MA 02172 USA 800 422 3006 617 923 9900 Fax 617 923 9911 EXERGEN CORPORATION D Series Handheld IR Scanners Infrared Psychrometry with the Microscanner D Series Measure Relative Humidity Psychrometrics the science of measurement and control of moisture in air is based entirely on thermodynamics of air and water
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