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D-Link DES-3225G User's Manual

1. BSMI Warning E fg ae se Fe AS a Te fe RT ee ATE CLE EAEE ee Rem eA Table of Contents ABOUT THIS GUIDE uuu ccsssssccssssccess sosscccssssccccssscccssssscscess KREE NM TERMS esse ENEA EEE eege deeg EEN geg v OVERVIEW OF THIS USER S GUIDE ccccccccececececeseceeeee seaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeanees Vv INTRODUCTION esi ssesedsssicececesabvesssseen sauestevesessvoscovecsvossssvbe sawecsevessadesvenes 1 FAST ETHERNET TECHNOLOGY sesecececececececececececeseeese Jl GIGABIT ETHERNET TECHNOLOGY sessssssesssesesssesenseees 2 SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY ccccccccecccsccccceceeeeee sesseseseseseseseseseseserenenes seeeeees 3 FEATURES eebe a Gin tien nati eas Gnd eee ie ees 4 EE EEE E ERTA deet ee Erd see 4 Performance fEAHUIES siscninrisri reeniris asii tns eiris aiekin 5 Management eege Ee deet ENEE 6 UNPACKING AND SETUDP 0 csccccsssssccsssee socccssscccssssccccssssccccssses sees 7 VUNPA CKING e sheds ek tics EE deg dE e tac a 7 INSTALLATIONS eege eegee Dette EE eege 8 Desktop or Shelf Installation nsss errereen 8 RACK Installation s saoer a gedet A Cok deenen 9 POWER ON enna EE EE e E e Ee 10 Ee AE EE E e 1l IDENTIFYING EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
2. E Lei Jua idene Dest EZ TE KC ELE ine EE Tat T3 Mie eis d TH M e C a Lum sg b Ar Ai 8 To set basic switch settings enter a Switch Name in the first field the physical location of the Switch in the Location field and the name of the contact person responsible for the Switch in the Contact field Then click Apply The information is described as follows 136 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Switch Name A user assigned name for the Switch e Location A user assigned description for the physical location of the Switch Contact Name of the person to contact should there be any problems or questions with the system You may also want to include a phone number or extension Description A description of the Switch type MAC Address The Ethernet address for the device e PROM version Version number for the firmware chip This information is needed for new runtime software downloads e Firmware version Version number of the firmware installed on the Switch This can be updated by using the Update Firmware window in the Reset and Update section Hardware version Version number of the Switch s hardware Slot 1 Description of module plugged into slot 1 located on the front of the switch e Slot 2 Description of module plugged in to slot 2 located on the rear of the switch Web Based Network Management 137 24 port NWay Ethernet
3. A To Add Modify to the table or Delete from the table check the desired option button enter the MAC address in the MAC Address field select Forward or Block for each port deciding whether that port transmits or blocks traffic for the specified multicast group Click Apply to let the changes take effect The information above is described as follows Add Modify to the table Allows you to create or edit a filter for the Multicast Forwarding Table which will either forward or block multicast traffic Delete from the table Allows you to delete a filter from the Multicast Forwarding Table e MAC Address The Ethernet address of the Multicast Forwarding Table entry Only valid Multicast addresses will be added to the table 146 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Spanning Tree The Switch supports 801 2d Spanning Tree Protocol which allows you to create alternative paths with multiple switches or other types of bridges in your network See the Spanning Tree Algorithm section of the Switch Management chapter for a detailed explanation STP Paramete Sperseeg lier Treiarai Gabe Trei Tene Ztwre Lew Tapsbage Citra FER seen Vapakege Charaye raat DH d i Adel TT YLAH TRUE Aigo ga Rtg WU ls Si The information above is described as follows Web Based Network Management 147 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Spanning Tree Protocol Sta
4. D Link is a registered trademark of D Link Corporation D Link Systems Inc All other trademarks belong to their respective proprietors Copyright Statement No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation transformation or adaptation without permission from D Link Corporation D Link Systems Inc as stipulated by the United States Copyright Act of 1976 FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limitsare designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with this user s guide may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense CE Mark Warning This is a Class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures VCCI Warning ie LOBEL RRA ES SRS BEARS VCCI OF LES Ee EC seen EE KEE EE EE EC e GT EE KEN
5. Ping Test Choose Ping Test to access the following screen Using the Console Interface 107 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Unreachable D CETTETETELIE Barrea de Start gaai orean PS VII SIERH1 Figure 6 36 Ping Test screen After filling in the fields above press START to initiate the Ping test The fields you can set are Destination IP Address The IP address of the device to be Pinged Repetitions Amount of times the Switch should send the Ping 1 255 If zero is chosen the Switch will continue Pinging indefinitely In the lower part of the Ping Test screen you can view the Ping status including Result Reply Time out and Unreachable 108 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Save Settings to TFTP Server Choose Save Settings to TFTP Server from the Utilities menu under System Utilities on the main menu to access the following screen oremi 258 4 VII SG RH Figure 6 37 Upload Configuration File screen The fields you can set are Server IP Address The IP address of the TFTP server where you wish to save the settings for the switch FileName The complete path and filename for the file Press START to begin the saving procedure The result will be displayed in the lower part of the screen Using the Console Interface 109 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Save Switch History to TFTP Server Choose Save S
6. Supports Category 5 UTP or STP cable connections of up to 100 meters 100BASE FX Fiber Module DES 3225G Figure 3 6 100BASE FX one port modul Front panel module Connects to 100BASE FX devices at full or half duplex Supports multi mode fiber optic cable connections of up to 412 meters in half duplex or 2 km in full duplex mode 16 Identifying External Components 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 100BASE FX Fiber MTRJ Type Module DES 3225G Figure 3 7 100BASE FX two port modul Front panel module Connects to LOOBASE F X devices at full or half duplex Supports multi mode fiber optic cable connections of up to 412 meters in half duplex or 2 km in full duplex mode 1000BASE SX Gigabit Module O k O Figure 3 8 1000BASE SX gigabit one port modul Rear panel module Connects to 1000BASE SX devices at full duplex only Allows multi mode fiber optic cable runs of up to 2 km in full duplex mode only Identifying External Components 17 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide LED Indicators The LED indicators of the Switch include Power Console Slot Giga Speed and Link Act The following shows the LED indicators for the Switch along with an explanation of each indicator DES J2256 HZTIEZUTKIZH AC D Link Figure 3 9 The LED indicators e Power This indicator on the front panel should be colored amber during the Power On Self
7. 103 Index 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Third party vendors SNMP Software 29 Total Bytes Recv 113 Total Bytes Rx Total Bytes Received 117 Total errors 115 Total Frames Recv 113 Total RX EE 117 Traffic Statistics ee 110 Transmission Methods 182 Trap managers ceeeeeeeeeeeee 27 Trap Recptent 69 70 Trap Type Authentication Failure 27 Broadcast Storm 28 Cold Statte cients 27 Link Change Event 28 New Root 27 Port baron 28 Topology Change 28 Warm Start 27 Trape Ak eege 26 trunk group essees 37 trunk porte 38 Tx Good Frames Sent 116 TX OctetS euin 117 TEXISEC eee aenn ain 112 U unauthorized userg 52 Undersize Frames 115 Unicast RX Unicast TX 117 Unpacking eeeceeeeeseeneeeee 7 UNAS SING eesse 40 Untagging eese 44 97 Index Update Firmware and Configuration Files 102 UPHAK A a cits deeds soeees 13 22 Use Configuration File 103 User Accounts Management 58 USCINAME cei iieii 53 utilization 69 70 72 75 V AIR 43 91 100 View Delete User Accounts 59 VEAN aie ales 31 39 97 VLAN considerations 41 VLAN Descptton 95 VLAN IDS ue Abeer ees 91 VLAN ID numbe 99 VLAN ID numbers VID 41 VLAN Name oeesesseseeseee 100 VLAN Segmentation 4
8. Default Gateway The IP address of the device usually a router that handles connections to other subnets and or other TCP IP networks Port Settings iamm Con ai a CA E Select the port you want to configure by clicking on the port in the Switch front panel display at the top of the window or by clicking View All Ports at the bottom of the window Follow these steps 132 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 1 Enable or disable the port If you choose Disabled devices connected to that port cannot use the Switch and the Switch purges their addresses from its address table after the MAC address aging time elapses The Switch won t purge addresses if you define them as permanent entries in the MAC Forwarding Table 2 Configure the Speed Duplex setting for the port Select Auto Negotiate to allow the port to select the best transmission speed duplex mode and flow control settings based on the capabilities of the device at the other end The other selections allow you to force the port to operate in the specified manner Select 100Mbps Full for port operation at 100 Mbps and full duplex Select 10OMbps Half for port operation at 100 Mbps and half duplex Select LOMbps F ull for port operation at 10 Mbps and full duplex Select 1OMbps Half for port operation at 10 Mbps and half duplex 3 Configure the Flow Control setting for the port Selecting Enabled in full duplex mode will implement
9. Permanent Multicast Filtering and Multicast Forwarding Table Spanning Tree STP Parameter and STP Parameter amp Port Settings IGMP Filtering IGMP Settings and Configure 802 1Q IGMP VLAN Configure VLAN Mode Configure MAC Based VLAN and Configure 802 19 VLAN and Trunk as well as a number of related windows 130 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide IP Settings You can change the IP Address Subnet Mask and Default Gateway on the Switch If you are not using BootP enter the IP Address Subnet Mask and Default Gateway of the Switch If you enable BOOTP you do not need to configure any IP parameters because a BOOTP server automatically assigns IP configuration parameters to the switch Click Apply to activate the new settings The information is described as follows BOOTP The BootP protocol allows IP addresses subnet masks and default gateways to be assigned on a central BootP server If this option is enabled when the Switch is first powered up it will look for a BootP server to provide it with this information before using the supplied settings Web Based Network Management 131 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide MAC Address The Ethernet address for the device Also known as the physical address IP Address The host address for the device on the TCP IP network Subnet Mask The address mask that controls subnetting on your TCP IP network
10. Port Priority Thesmaller this number the higher the Port Priority is With higher Port Priority the higher the probability that the port will be selected as the Root Port e Path Cost This is a changeable parameter and may be modified according to the STA specification The 100Mbps segment has an assigned Path Cost of 10 and each 10Mbps segment has an assigned Path Cost of 100 based on the STA specifications User Changeable STA Parameters The factory default setting should cover the majority of installations However it is advisable to keep the default settings as set at the factory unless it is absolutely necessary The user changeable parameters in the Switch are as follows Bridge Priority A Bridge Priority can be from 0 to 65535 0 is equal to the highest Bridge Priority 34 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Bridge Hello Time The Hello Time can be from 1 to 10 seconds Thisis the interval between two transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the Root Bridge to tell all other Switches that it is indeed the Root Bridge If you set a Hello Time for your Switch and it is not the Root Bridge the set Hello Time will be used if and when your Switch becomes the Root Bridge Note The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max Age Otherwise a configuration error will occur Bridge Max Age The Max Age can be from 6 to 40 seconds At the end of the Max Age if a BPDU has still n
11. The root bridge is responsible for processing data packets when network loops occur The smaller the number set the higher the bridge priority is The higher the bridge priority the more chance the bridge has of becoming the root bridge A bridge priority ranges from 0 to 65535 with O being the highest priority 82 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Max Age 6 40 sec Maximum Age is a read write object that can be set from 6 to 40 seconds At the end of the Maximum Age if a BPDU has still not been received from the Root ridge your Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for permission to become the Root Bridge If it turns out that your Switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier it will become the Root Bridge Hello Time 1 10 sec Hello Time is a read write object that can be set from 1 to 10 seconds This is the interval between two transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the Root Bridge to tell all other switches that it is indeed the Root Bridge If you set a Hello Time for your Switch and it is not the Root Bridge the set Hello Time will be used if and when your Switch becomes the Root Bridge Forward Delay 4 30 sec The Forward Delay isa read write object that can be set from 4 to 30 seconds This is the time any port on the Switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state e Bridge Priority 0 65535 A Bridge P
12. They do this by forwarding packets only to ports in the same VLAN Thus broadcast packets will only be forwarded to ports that are members of the same VLAN Other parts of the network are effectively shielded Thus thesmaller the broadcast domain the smaller effect a broadcast storm will have Because VLANs are implemented at each switch port they can be quite effective in limiting the scope of broadcast storms Eliminating Broadcast Storms SNMP agents can be programmed to monitor the number of broadcast packets on switch ports and act on the data When the number of broadcast packets on a given port rise past an assigned threshold an action can be triggered When enabled the usual action isto block the port to broadcast frames which discards all broadcast frames arriving at the port from the attached segment Not only does this isolate the broadcast domain but it actually starts removing broadcast packets from the affected segment When the number of broadcast packets falls to an acceptable level below a falling threshold the SNMP agent can remove the blocking condition returning the port to its normal operational state In the DE S 3225G the default rising threshold is set to 500 broadcast packets per second pps and the default falling 50 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide threshold is set to 250pps The thresholds and actions can easily be defined by using a normal SNMP management
13. eesseoessseessoceessecese socees 12 FRONT PANEL EE 12 REAR PANEL EE 13 SIDE ANE Seege ENEE Haden Ha dene Ee 14 OPTIONAL PLUG IN MODULES cccccccccccceeeeseeeee sessesesesesesesereseserenenenes os 15 LOOBASE TX Module 15 LOOBASE FX Fiber Module 16 IOOBASE FX Fiber MTRJ Type Module AAA eee 17 LOOOBASE SX Gigabit Module 17 LED INDICATORS ee dl E deat Galette 18 CONNECTING THE SWITCH ccccssssssssrsesseses sossessrsessessssessessrsesees 20 SWILTCH TO END Rer 20 SWITCH TO HUB OR SwmtcH ceeeesesceeessnseecseceeeessnee serre 21 LOBASE TD QviCe EE 23 LOOBASE TX Device sineera aan A EEA AR EES 23 SWITCH MANAGEMENT CONCEPT SS ccsscssssssssssssscees socescsesecesee 24 LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGEMENT seaeeesseeeecsssneeeesseeeeees 24 Diagnostic console port RS 232 DCEI ceeensenneens 25 IP ADDRESSES AND SNMP COMMUNITY NAMES ceeeee 26 TRAPS ee eege EE REESEN Nee beh Ze de 26 MBS egener ENEE E AEAEE S EEEE EAE Ae Eegen detest 28 PACKET FORWARDING EENS einsi wes T E E ERT 30 AGING Tihec ee a a EEE deed selen EE 30 Filtering Database sisi srerueieiesiiiis sibtis cate etidheped ets ives lie witii 31 SPANNING TREE ALGORITHM seesseeeeeseseecnssseceensaeees eee 32 STA Operation Levels oknie aiina Ea R E AEN 32 On the Bridge Level 3 asipi iaai aai i 33 On the Port E AE EEE EE E E EE EEE 34 User Changeable STA Parameters noose serrer 34 llustr tion of STA EE 36 PORT TR NKING oaet anen EE capt eed ete AE TR
14. is not the same as D e DI When you first connect to the Switch you will be presented with the first login screen shown below Press Ctri R hold down the Ctrl key press the R key and release both keys to call up the screen if the initial login screen does not appear Also Ctri R can be used at any time to refresh the screen 54 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide DSS 152 Fast Ethernet Gerich Coneole Benepe Copyrigh iC LIS Shue D Lank Corpermsticon Ket Pasar 1 EE RER RR RER RE RER RI RER RT RER RER RR RER RTR ER RER ER RER ER RTR RRE ER cat Pe Pe Me ee Coee heg DO BH Mi BH i HD Figure 6 1 Initial screen first time connecting to the Switch Note There is no initial username or password Leave the username and password fields blank Press lt Enter gt or Return gt in the Username and Password fields You will be given access to the main menu shown below Banat HHP Hansger Configuration Update Firewere and Configereticon Filam Uer Accounts Harsgamani Zpaten Ukilziima Factory Kerst mius 1 h rgea Baatart Zugterk Logout Fargzcea Aren Koree HC ba Mi BH uje Using the Console Interface 55 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 2 Main Menu The first user automatically gets Administrator privileges See Table 6 1 It is recommended to create at least one Administrator level user for the Switch
15. program or through the console interface Switch Management Concepts 51 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide USING THE CONSOLE INTERFACE Your 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch supports a console management interface that allows you to setup and control your Switch either with an ordinary terminal or terminal emulator or over the network using the TCP IP TELNET protocol You can use this facility to perform many basic network management functions In addition the console program will allow you to set up the Switch for management using an SNMP based network management system This chapter describes how to use the console interface to access the Switch change its settings and monitor its operation Connecting to the Switch You can use the console interface by connecting the Switch to a VT 100 compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program e g the terminal program included with the Windows operating system using an RS 232C serial cable Your terminal parameters will need to be set to 52 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VT 100 ANSI compatible 9 600 baud 8 data bits No parity One stop bit No flow control You can also access the same functions over a TELNET interface Once you have set an IP address for your Switch you can use a TELNET program in VT 100 compatible terminal mode to access and control the Switch All
16. the MAC address of the switch Example 4 00 80 C8 00 01 00 where 4 is the Bridge Priority A lower Bridge Identifier results in a higher priority for the switch and thus increases it probably of being selected as the Root Bridge Designated Bridge From each LAN segment the attached Bridge that has the lowest Root Path Cost to the Root Bridge is the Designated Bridge It forwards data packets for that LAN segment In cases where all Switches have the same Root Path Cost the switch with the lowest Bridge Identifier becomes the Designated Bridge Root Path Cost The Root Path Cost of a switch is the sum of the Path Cost of the Root Port and the Root Path Costs of all the switches that the packet goes through The Root Path Cost of the Root Bridgeis zero Bridge Priority This is a parameter that users can set The smaller the number you set the higher the Bridge Priority is The higher the Bridge Priority Switch Management Concepts 33 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide the better the chance the Switch will be selected as the Root Bridge On the Port Level e Root Port Each switch has a Root Port Thisis the port that has the lowest Path Cost to the Root Bridge In case there are several such ports then the one with the lowest Port Identifier is the Root Port Designated Port This is the port on each Designated Bridge that is attached to the LAN segment for which the switch is the Designated Bridge
17. 109 Changing your Password 57 Collisions neiseina 115 Community Name 26 Community name definition of E E E ENE E 108 Community names Era los er 108 Public testi cus et ois 108 Config File Name 104 Configuration sses 60 Configure 802 1Q IGMP 89 Configure 802 1Q VLAN 97 196 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table 82 Configure IGMP Filtering 88 Configure IP Address 61 Configure MAC Address Filtering ENEE 86 Configure Port Mirroring 76 Configure Port VLAN ID 97 Configure Portz 67 Configure Slot Modiule 71 Configure Slot2 Module 73 Configure Static Forwarding RTE 84 Configure Static VLAN Entry 97 Configure Switch 64 Configure Toonk A 101 Configure VLAN eee 92 Connecting to the Switch VT100 compatible terminal 50 Connections Switch to End Node 20 Switch to Hub or Switch 21 CONSOME c6sieedeecedevecsieviee 50 51 Console ae 18 console por oseese 5 12 Console port RS 232 DCE 25 Console port settings 25 Console Timeout 63 CRE Error oien 114 CRC ETrors 0000 112 113 Create Modify User Accounts 57 Create Remove a MAC based VEAN wdc oe ote des 94 crossover c ble 22 Crossover cable 187 Current VLAN Mode 93 Index 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch
18. 2 The decision to block a particular connection is based on the STA calculation of the most current Bridge and Port settings Now if Bridge 1 broadcasts a packet to Bridge 3 then Bridge 3 will broadcast it to Bridge 2 and the broadcast will end there STA setup can be somewhat complex Therefore you are advised to keep the default factory settings and STA will automatically assign root bridges ports and block loop connections However if you need to customize the STA parameters refer to Table 5 1 36 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide LAN 1 Path Cost 100 Port 1 Bridge ID 21 Path Cost 100 Path Cost 100 Port 1 LAN 2 Bridge 3 Bridge ID 15 Port 2 Path Cost 100 Path Cost 100 Bridge ID 30 Port 2 Path Cost 100 LAN 3 Figure 5 1 Before Applying the STA Rule LAN 1 Root Port Port 1 Bridge 1 Root Path Cost 100 Bridge ID 21 Designated Port Port 2 Designated Port LAN 2 Root Path Cost 0 Bridge ID 15 Block Path Designated Port Bridge 2 Root Path Cost 100 Bridge TD 30 Root Port LAN 3 Figure 5 2 After Applying the STA Rule STA parameters Settings Comment lower the Increases chance of Avoid if the switch is higher the becoming the Root used in workgroup priorit Bridg level of a large network Switch Manag
19. 7 the master port for the second group is port 15 and the master port for the third group is the first port 1x on the 2 port module DES 3225G WITH 800 MBPS PORT TRUNKING UPLINK ey H C ee ut SY Server 1 800 Mbps Port Trunkirg Uplink 10 100 Mbps Backhore Switch L g g 8 200 bps 200 Mbps EE EE PA aoa Sr EC ES N DES 3225G SWITCH ze 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps E Workstation 100 Mbps m 9 LI oj o00000 00 O 000000 OO OQ 000000 OO Workstation 10 100 Mbps Hub 10 100 Mbps Hub 10 100 Mbps Hub CI 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 MBps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps eS Workstation PC PC PO PC PC PC PC PC PG The switch treats all ports in a trunk group as a single port As such trunk ports will not be blocked by Spanning Tree Data transmitted to a specific host destination address will always be transmitted over the same port in a trunk group This allows packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they weresent A trunk connection c
20. Access Rights read only 109 read write eesse 109 Accessory pack T Add Modify User Accounts 58 Address Table Lookup Mode 83 Administrato seses 54 Advanced Settings 66 Age out Time nsss 92 119 Aging Time definition of 30 Aging Time range of 30 Alleviating network loop problems 35 APPLY E 52 Apply button 55 Auto polarity detection 5 Automatic learning 31 auto Negotiate ce eeeeeeeeeeee 4 B Baud Rate 64 Block euer Mie o 69 BOOTP BOOTstrap Protocol AEN AS 102 BOOTP protocol sssseeeeeeeeee 62 BOOTP serve eseese 62 BPDU isco seein ee as 80 Bridge Forward Delay 34 Bridge Hello Time 34 Bridge Identifie 32 195 Bridge Max Age 34 Bridge MIB RFC 1268 6 Bridge Priorit 33 34 37 broadcast domaine 39 Broadcast Rx Broadcast Frames Recetved 117 Broadcast Storm Falling Action R R a eta 70 Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold 0 0 ee eeeeeeeeeeeee 70 Broadcast Storm Rising Action 69 Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold ccceceeeeeeeeeeeee 69 Broadcast storms cc00e0ees 47 Browse Address Table 117 Browse IGMP Status 118 Bytes Recv eee eeeeeee 113 Bytes Sent wee eee 113 C Changing the Protocol Parameter 0c00e 77 81 Changing theSNMP Manager Configuration parameter SCUUINGS ose eeeeeeeeeeecneeeeeee
21. FAX 202 2456192 WE B www dlink me com D LINK FRANCE Le FLORILEGE 2 Allee de la Fresnerie 78330 Fontenay Le Fleury France TEL 33 1 3023 8688 FAX 33 1 3023 8689 WEB www dlink france fr E MAIL info dlink france fr D LINK GERMANY Bachstr 22 D 65830 Kriftel Germany TEL 49 0 6192 97110 F AX 49 0 6192 971111 WEB www dlink de BBS 49 0 6192 971199 Analog 49 0 6192 9711 98 INFO 00800 7250 0000 toll free HELP 00800 7250 4000 toll free D LINK INDIA Plot No 5 Kurla Bandra Complex Road Off Cst Road Santacruz E Bombay 400 098 India TEL 91 22 6526578 FAX 91 22 6528476 WE B www dlink india com D LINK ITALY Via Nino Bonnet No 6 20154 Milano Italy TEL 39 2 2900 0676 FAX 39 2 2900 1723 E Mail dlink tin it D LINK J APAN 10F 8 8 15 Nishi Gotanda Shinagawa ku Tokyo 141 J apan TEL 81 3 5434 9678 FAX 81 3 5434 9868 WEB www d link co jp D LINK INTERNATIONAL 1 International Business Park 403 12 The Synergy Singapore 609917 TEL 65 774 6233 FAX 65 774 6322 WEB www dlink intl com E MAIL info dlink com sg D LINK SWEDEN World Trade Centre P O Box 70396 107 24 Stockholm Sweden TEL 46 8 700 6211 FAX 46 8 219 640 E MAIL info dlink se D LINK TAIWAN 2F No 119 Pao Chung Road Hsin Tien Taipa Taiwan TEL 886 2 2910 2626 FAX 886 2 2910 1515 WEB www dlinktw com tw U K U S A D LINK EUROPE D Link House 6 Garland Road Stanmore London HA7 1DP U K TEL 44 181 235 5555 FAX 44 181
22. PVID and VLAN ID numbers VID Both variables are assigned to a switch port but there are important differences between them A user can only assign one PVID to each switch port The PVID defines which VLAN a switch will forward packets from the connected segment on when packets need to be forwarded to another switch port or somewhere else on the network On the other hand a user can define a port as a member of multiple VLANs VIDs allowing the segment connected to it to receive packets from many VLANs on the network These two variables control a port s ability to 42 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide transmit and receive VLAN traffic and the difference between them provides network segmentation while still allowing resources to be shared across more than one VLAN VLAN Segmentation Take for example a packet that is transmitted bya machine on Port 1 that is a member of VLAN 2 and has the Port VLAN ID number 2 PVID 2 If the destination lies on another port found through a normal forwarding table lookup the switch then looks to see if the other port Port 10 is a member of VLAN 2 and can therefore receive VLAN 2 packets If port 10 is not a member of VLAN 2 then the packet will be dropped by the switch and will not reach it s destination If Port 10 is a member of VLAN 2 the packet will go through This selective forwarding feature based on VLAN criteria is how VLANs segment
23. S UI SG Taa Ge Ham Ss Gel Ss wn The DES 3225G supports up to 3 trunk groups Trunks are groups of ports that are banded together to form a single logical high bandwidth data pipe Items in the above window are defined as follows Name The user assigned name of the trunk group Web Based Network Management 161 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Trunk Ports The continuous number of ports that will be members of the trunk group Master The Master port for the trunk group All configuration settings changes made to the master port will automatically be made to the other ports in the trunk Status Enables disables the trunk group Configure Management This second category includes Traps and Community Strings User Accounts and Console Port Settings Traps and Community Strings ao inion To use the functions on this window enter the appropriate SNMP information in the Community 162 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Strings and Trap Receiving Stations sections you may enter up to four entriesin each section A trap receiving station is a device that constantly runs a network management application to receive and store traps Then click Apply to put the settings into effect The Community Strings information is described as follows SNMP Community String A user defined SNMP community name Access Right The permitted acces
24. Switch User s Guide Advanced GO Ges Gel Mem SE ES wx b k be i ad ll The first setting allows you to enable or disable port auto partitioning by the Port Auto Partition Capability on All ports function If you enable auto partitioning on all ports when more than 16 collisions occur while a portis transmitting data the port automatically stops transmissions The second setting allows you to enable or disable the Head of Line HOL Blocking Prevention function which is designed to prevent forwarding a packet to a blocking port Click Apply to let your changes take effect The information in the screen is described as follows Port Auto Partition Capability on All ports This option offers Enabled or Disabled to decide whether to auto partition a selected port and take it offline or not 138 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Head of Line HOL Blocking Prevention This option prevents forwarding a packet to a port where an excess of packets are queued up Note that when a multicast packet or a packet with an unknown destination address needs to be forwarded to several ports and if some of them are blocking the packet will not be discarded rather it will be forwarded only to the ports that are not blocking Filtering and Forwarding Table When a packet hits the Switch it looks in the filtering and forwarding table to decide what to do with the p
25. System Location Corresponds to the SNMP MIB II variable system sysLocation and is used to indicate the physical location of the Switch for administrative purposes System Contact Corresponds to the SNMP MIB II variable sysContact and is used to give the name and contact information for the person responsible for administering the Switch Using the Console Interface 67 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Advanced Settings The Configure Advanced Switch Features screen allows you to set an expiration time for MAC address entries and enable or disable auto partitioning on all ports Click on ADVANCED SETTINGS on the Switch Configuration window to access the Configure Advanced Switch Features Cormected Si Poo Sant EMT jp Figure 6 11 Configure Advanced Switch Features screen The fields you can set are Port Auto Partition Capability on All Ports When this function is enabled if too many consecutive collisions occur on an individual port the port will be blocked off until a good packet is seen on the wire If a portis partitioned the Switch can only transmit data not receive it Head Of Line HOL Blocking Prevention Enables or disables Head Of Line Blocking Prevention Head of 68 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Line blocking occurs when a packet originating on Port 1 for instance needs to be forwarded to Ports 2 and 3 If Port 2 is occupied causing the
26. User s Guide D Data filtering 0 eee 6 Data filtering rate 3 Data forwarding 0 0 0 cece 5 Data forwarding rate 5 data packet s es 79 Default Gatewa oes 62 Designated Bridge 33 Designated Port 33 Destination IP Address 105 Diagnostic por essseeseeeeeeeeeeees 5 Dimensions 1 0 0 seeeeeeeeeeee 182 disabling a port 73 Displaying Forwarding Table NITIES sees 83 Displaying Port Statistics 118 D Link proprietary MI 6 Dropped Frames sseseeeeeeee 115 Dynamic filtering 0 0 31 Dynamic Filtering definition of LEE Ee ees 82 E Epress ninenin a 100 Egress port 45 Eliminating Broadcast Storms 48 End Node 3 ege ees 20 Ethernet protocol sse0ee00ee 1 EVENTS niin noei inia ee 26 F factory rest 56 Factory Reser 121 122 Factory Reset NV RAM to Default Value 0 122 Fast Ethernet Technology 1 File Name 103 Index Biter aeaaeai 30 Firmware Update 103 Flash memora eee 6 Flow Control 68 Forward 70 72 75 Forward Delai 37 Forwarding seese 29 Fragments 115 Frames Recv seses 113 Frames Sent eee 113 Front Panel 12 Full duplex ossee 5 G gateway router oo 26 General User 54 GBA eerste eege Sheth 19 Gigabit Ethernet 0 2 13 Group name 102 H half duplex n se 5 Head Of Line HOL Blocking Prevention seses 66 Head of Line blocking 66 Hello Time 37 Humidit o cia eet ees 182 I IEEE 802 1
27. User Accounts Management From thescreen above move the cursor to the User Accounts Management menu and press Enter then the Users Accounts Management menu appears 1 Choose Create Modify User Accounts from the User Accounts Management menu and the Add Modify User Accounts menu appears 2 Enter the new user name assign an initial password and then confirm the new password Determine whether the new user should have Administrator or Normal User privileges Use the space bar to toggle between the two options 3 Press APPLY to let the user addition take effect 4 Press Esc to return to the previous screen or Cl to go to the root screen 5 Tosee a listing of all user accounts and access levels press Esc Then choose View Delete User Accounts The View Delete User Accounts screen appears Administrator and Normal User Privileges There are two levels of user privileges Administrator and Normal User Some menu selections available to users with Administrator privileges may not be available to Normal 56 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Users The main menus shown are the menus for the two types of users The following table summarizes Administrator and Normal User privileges Administrat or ae Configuration ves Yes view only Community Strings and Trap Yes view only Stations Update Firmware and Configuration Files Yes Network Monitoring Yes view onl
28. User Changeable Parameters It is recommended that you read these sections as well as the introductory section in the same chapter entitled Spanning Tree Algorithm before changing any of the parameters STP Parameter Settings To change the Protocol Parameters 1 Choose Configure Spanning Tree Protocol from the Configuration menu The following Configure Spanning Tree Protocol menu will be displayed Deeg 1 58 1 ul d EEH FLUE Figure 6 16 Configure Spanning Tree Protocol menu 2 Choose STP Parameters Setting to access the following screen 80 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide TT Parameters Batting Spanning Tres Time Gina Top Sam Kes oe mc isen Bax Arel 6 40 ger Ballo Lieetl 1E om Forward Deleyfd 10 mec fridge Prictityio ii5 1b Dedi N OT d A riii Figure 6 17 STP Parameters Setting screen The information on the screen is described as follows Spanning Tree Protocol Enables or disables the Spanning Tree Protocol Time Since Topology Changes sec Read only object displays the last time changes were made to the network topology These changes usually occur when backup paths are activated due to primary path failures Topology Change Count Read only object displays the number of times since the current management session with the device was started changes were made to the network topology Changes usually occur on the network when backup p
29. VLAN screen Afterwards restart the switch and the VLAN will be implemented Coee kgib4 VII SLE EH ALR Figure 6 25 MAC Base VLAN Configuration menu Choose Create Remove a MAC based VLAN to access the following screen 96 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide CETTE Earra bes Coemi htr VII SRM AU Figure 6 26 Create Remove a MAC based VLAN screen The fields you can set are Action Adds or Removes a MAC based VLAN VLAN Description Enter the name or number of the VLAN This will be the identifier for this VLAN Press APPLY to create remove the designated MAC Based VLAN Current MAC based VLAN and Number of MAC address members reflect the current conditions They are read only fields and cannot be changed Choose Configure a MAC based VLAN from the MAC Based VLAN Configuration menu to access the following screen Using the Console Interface 97 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide aont igare pg Hil iermd YLAH elect s YLEN to comi igors TETTEL ELLLLELLLLETETITETETI Earra bree oremi b 1 5 Mm ETTE RUN Figure 6 27 Configure a MAC based VLAN screen To configure a VLAN highlight the desired entry on the screen above and press ENTER The following MAC Based VLAN MAC Assignment screen appears BAC Pengz YLAF Add Kapcerg hanlar farcent EkCebaoed FLAN Sales ietien ad gt HEC Address DIADLIIZ H br Hushear of menherm of
30. a member of the VLAN Thisis normally used to keep untagged frames off the switch although it can have other uses as well This setting is configurable for each port in the Configure Port Ingress Filter screen Using the Console Interface 99 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 2 Define which ports will be active members of the VLAN A port can transmit packets onto only one VLAN It can receive packets be a passive member on many VLANs Active VLANs are designations are defined by assigning Port VLAN ID numbers PVIDs in the Configure Port VLAN ID screen 3 Define the VLAN itself and which ports will be members able to receive packets from a port that has this PVID number At this point you need to designate whether a member port will be a Tagging or Untagging member port Defining the ports that will be members of a VLAN and whether they will TAG or Untag packets is done in the Configure Static VLAN Entry screen Choose Configure 802 1Q VLAN on the VLAN Configuration screen under Configure VLAN of the Configuration menu to access the 802 1Q VLAN Configuration menu osi DZ Sy VII SLE BHT Figure 6 29 802 1Q VLAN Configuration menu Choose Configure Port Ingress Filter to access the first item on the menu The following screen appears 100 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide lagrema Filtering Cores tre L VII SE EM Figure 6 30 Ingress Filtering scre
31. agent keeps counters and statistics on the operation of the switch itself and on each port on the switch The statistics obtained can be used to monitor the conditions and general efficiency of the Switch Network Monitoring The Network Monitoring menu offers four items Traffic Statistics Browse Address Table Browse IGMP Status and Switch History Choose Network Monitoring from the main menu The following menu appears Figure 6 40 Network Monitoring menu Using the Console Interface 113 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The first item on this menu permits you to access four different tables that observe the condition of each individual port Traffic Statistics To display the Traffic Statistics menu choose the first item on the Network Monitoring menu The following menu appears Port Trattic Statistica Port Pacher Error Gtatigtice Port Packet Aral Dtatimtice CEETETEEELIE Harrya be Coors dB VII EEN Figure 6 41 Traffic Statistics menu Statistics Overvie To access the first item on the Traffic Statistics menu choose Statistics Overview The following table appears 114 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Polling aterm TE t Ji Coeekgd SO VII SOEEM Figure 6 42 Statistics Overview screen Select the desired increment setting in the Update Interval field 2 sec 5 sec 15 sec 30 sec 1 min or Suspend The statistic counter
32. are looped on a network causing noticeable performance degradation and in extreme cases network failure Broadcast storms can be caused by malfunctioning NICs bad cable connections and applications or protocols that generate broadcast traffic among others In effect broadcast storms can originate from any number of sources but once they are started they can be self perpetuating and can even multiply the number of broadcast packets on the network over time In the best case network utilization will be high and bandwidth limited until the hop counts for all broadcast packets have expired whereupon the packets will be discarded and the network will return to normal In the worst case they will multiply eventually using up all the network bandwidth although network applications will usually crash long before this happens and cause a network meltdown Broadcast storms have long been a concern for network administrators with routers traditionally being used to prevent their occurrence and if that failed limit their scope However with the advent of VLANs switches are now able to limit broadcast domains better and cheaper Switch Management Concepts 49 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide than routers Also many switches including the DES 3225G have broadcast sensors and filters built into each port to further control broadcast storms Segmenting Broadcast Domains VLANs can be used to segment broadcast domains
33. being transmitted to all segments are transmitted to the destination only Example if Port 1 receives a packet destined for a station on Port 2 the Switch transmits that packet through Port 2 only and transmits nothing through the other ports Aging Time The Aging Time is a parameter that affects the auto learn process of the Switch in terms ofthe network configuration Dynamic Entries which make up the auto learned node address are aged out of the address table according to the Aging Time that you set The Aging Time can be from 10 seconds to 9999 seconds A very long Aging Time can result with the out of date Dynamic Entries that may cause incorrect packet filtering forwarding decisions In the opposite case if the Aging Time is too short many entries may be aged out soon resulting in a high percentage of received packets whose source addresses cannot be found in the address table in which case the switch will broadcast the packet to all ports negating many of the benefits of having a switch 30 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Filtering Database A switch uses a filtering database to segment the network and control communications between segments It also filters packets off the network for intrusion control MAC Address filtering For port filtering each port on the switch is a unique collision domain and the switch filters discards packets whose destination lies on t
34. computers and their busses get faster and more users use applications that generate more traffic Upgrading key components such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as significantly speed up the traffic between your subnets Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fiber connections to support video conferencing complex imaging and similar data intensive applications Likewise since data transfers occur 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC s are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the same amount of time In addition the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost effective method to take advantage of today and tomorrow s rapidly improving switching and routing internetworking technologies And with expected advances in the coming years in silicon 2 Introduction 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide technology and digital signal processing that will enable Gigabit Ethernet to eventually operate over unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling outfitting your network with a powerful 1000Mbps capable backbone server connection creates a flexible foundation for the next generation of network technology products Switching Technolog Another key development pushing the limits of Ethernet technology is in the field of switching technology A switch bridges Ethernet packets at the MAC a
35. configured to match these settings If you are having problems making this connection on a PC make sure the emulation is set to VT 100 or ANSI If you still don t see anything try hitting lt Ctrl gt r to refresh the screen Switch Management Concepts 25 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide IP Addresses and SNMP Community Names Each Switch has its own IP Address which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP IP application for example BOOTP TFTP You can change the default Switch IP Address to meet the specification of your networking address scheme In addition you can also set an IP Address for a gateway router This becomes necessary when the network management station is located on a different IP network as the Switch making it necessary for management packets to go through a router to reach the network manager and vice versa For security you can set in the Switch a list of IP Addresses of the network managersthat you allow to manage the Switch You can also change the default Community Name in the Switch and set access rights of these Community Names Traps Traps are messages that alert you of events that occur on the Switch The events can beas seriousas a reboot someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch or less serious like a port status change The Switch generates traps andsendsthem to the network manager trap managers The following lists the types of events
36. for an IEEE 802 1p Q priority tag If no tag exists the packet will be sent to the low priority queue If the priority tag field in the packet header contains a value of 0 3 the packet will be placed in the low priority queue a value of 4 7 causes the packet to be placed in the high priority queue e Port Lock When locked automatic learning for all stations connected to this port will stop and entries in the Forwarding Table for all devices residing on this port will age out The only traffic this port will allow is traffic from machines whose MAC address is manually entered in the Static Forwarding Table Broadcast Storm Rising Action This setting will be activated when Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold below is met When triggered the port can be configured to Do Nothing Block or Block and Trap The Do Nothing setting causes the switch to operate normally in other words ignore the broadcast storm condition The Block setting causes the port to drop all broadcast frames thus isolating the broadcast storm Block and Trap performs the same action as Block except it also sends a trap to the designated Trap Recipient informing them of the situation For more information on broadcast storms please refer to the Switch Management Concepts section of this manual Using the Console Interface 71 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold This setting defines a ceiling for the number of broad
37. lower the port priority the 84 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide more chance the bridge has of becoming the root port Zero is the highest priority Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table When a packet hits the Switch it looks in the filtering and forwarding table to decide what to do with the packet either to filter it off the network or to forward it through the port on which its destination lies Dynamic Filtering and Static Filtering are among the two important features of the Custom Filtering Table They are defined here briefly as follows Dynamic Filtering is defined when a dynamic entry is created by the Learning Process as a result of observation of network traffic in the Filtering Database Static Filtering is defined as static entries that may be added and removed from the Filtering Database by the user They are not automatically removed by any timeout mechanism The Configure Filtering and Forwarding table screen allows you to allows you to stop or start address learning change the way the Switch treats MAC address table entries and select an age out time of the MAC address in the selected address table This screen also permits you to access three additional configuration screens from the menu at the bottom of the window Choose Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table from the Configuration menu to access the following screen Using the Console Interface 85 24
38. networks The key point being that Port 1 will only transmit on VLAN 2 because it s Port VLAN ID number is 2 PVID 2 Sharing Resources Across VLANs Network resources such as printers and servers however can be shared across VLANs This is achieved by setting up overlapping VLANs as shown in the diagram below Switch Management Concepts 43 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide v VLANI VCAN 2 u v 4 i 5 6 7 8 9 101112 ee eee Port VIDs 1 i23 Port VIDs 2 Port PVID 3 Ba C Workstations Network Graphics Server Workstations In the above example there are three different VLANs and each port can transmit packets on one of them according to their Port VLAN ID PVID number However a port can receive packets on all VLANs VID that it belongs to The assignments are as follows Transmit on VLAN Member of VLAN Port PVID VID Ports Port 1 1 1 1 2 3 7 Port 2 1 Port 3 1 Port 7 3 3 1 2 3 7 11 12 Port 11 2 2 11 12 7 Port 12 2 Theserver attached to Port 7 is shared by VLAN 1 and VLAN 2 because Port 7 is a member of both VLANs it is listed as a member of VID 1 and 2 Since it can receive packets from both VLANs all ports can successfully send 44 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide pa
39. of the screens are for the most part identical whether accessed from the console port or from a TELNET interface Console Usage Conventions The console interface makes use of the following conventions 1 Itemsin lt angle brackets gt can be toggled on or off using the space bar 2 Itemsin square brackets can be changed by typing in a new value You can use the backspace and delete keys to erase characters behind and in front of the cursor 3 The up and down arrow keys the left and right arrow keys the tab key and the backspace key can be used to move between selected items It is recommended Using the Console Interface 53 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide that you use the tab key and backspace key for moving around console 4 Itemsin UPPERCASE are commands Moving the selection to a command and pressing Enter will execute that command e g APPLY etc Please note that the command APPLY only applies for the current session Use Save Changes from the main menu for permanent changes An asterisk indicates a change has been made but won t take effect until the Switch has been rebooted First Time Connecting To The Switch The Switch supports user based security that can allow you to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the Switch or changing its settings This section tells how to log onto the Switch Note The passwords used to access the Switch are case sensitive therefore S
40. on the hub Alternatively if you havea crossover cable you can save the Uplink ports for other connections and make this one from a crossed port to another crossed port DES 3225G SWITCH SE E Figure 4 2 Switch connected to a normal non Uplink port on hub or switch using a straight or crossover cabl 22 Connecting The Switch 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 10BASE T Device For a LOBASE T device the Switch s LED indicators should display the following 100M LED speed indicator is OFF e Link Act indicator is ON 100BASE TX Device For a 100BASE TX device the Switch s LED indicators should display the following 100M LED speed indicator is ON e Link Actis ON Connecting The Switch 23 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide SWITCH MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS This chapter discusses many of the features used to manage the switch and explains many concepts and important points regarding these features Configuring the switch to implement these concepts is discussed in detail in the next chapters Local Console Management Local console management involves the administration of the DES 3225G Switch via a direct connection to the RS 232 DCE console port This is an Out Of Band connection meaning that it is on a different circuit than normal network communications and
41. reset is done all of the Switch s settings stored in NV RAM including TCPAP parameters SNMP parameters the enabled disabled settings of ports security settings etc will be erased and restored to values present when the switch was purchased After performing the Factory reset make sure to redefine the IP settings for the switch in the Configure IP Address menu Then perform a Reset System on the switch After 126 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide these three procedures are performed your factory reset is complete Choose Factory Reset from the main menu The following screen appears Factary Fersi CAUTION T is function res he HV BAH te Jefeult values BLL changed pe ro s tli disse he awiteh ann gurciass vill be erased Hake wire te met the Restart Settings in the IF Configuration scores siter applying the Factory Feast and betorm Bebooting ire you gore you want to proceed with ihe factory reet Hai ee ee ee ere Heseags Arsa Doreck ET GOAL pain Figure 6 50 Factory Reset Logout To exit the console program choose Logout from the main menu Make sure you have performed a Save Changes if you have made changes to the settings and wish them to become defaults for the switch After logging out you will be returned to the opening login screen Using the Console Interface 127 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide H WEB BASED NETWORK MANAGE
42. switch The Configure Slot2 Module screen appears as follows EE vi Sono BH uu Figure 6 14 Slot2 Port Configuration screen Port field specifies either Slot1 TP1 the Port 1x port or Slot1 TP2 the Port 2x port on the module For single port modules only Slot1 TP1 will be available e State Enables or Disables this port 76 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Speed Duplex This field is read only since the Gigabit Ethernet module must always be set to 1000Mbps full duplex e Flow Control Enables or disables IEEE 802 1x full duplex only flow control on this port See Flow Control in the Configure Ports section above for a more detailed explanation Priority selects Normal High or Low See Priority in the Configure Ports section above for a more detailed explanation Port Lock When locked automatic learning for all stations connected to this port will stop and entries in the Forwarding Table for all devices residing on this port will age out The only traffic this port will allow is traffic from machines whose MAC address is manually entered in the Static Forwarding Table Broadcast Storm Rising Action selects an action Do Nothing Block Block and Trap for the port when the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold below condition is met See Broadcast Storm Rising Action in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast St
43. that can take place on the Switch 26 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide System resets Errors Status changes Topology changes Operation You can also specify which network managers may receive traps from the Switch by setting a list of IP Addresses of the authorized network managers Trap managers are special users of the network who are given certain rights and access in overseeing the maintenance of the network Trap managers will receive traps sent from the Switch they must immediately take certain actions to avoid future failure or breakdown of the network The following are trap types a trap manager will receive e Cold Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been powered up and initialized such that software settings are reconfigured and hardware systems are rebooted A cold start is different from a factory reset Warm Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been rebooted however the POST Power On Self Test is skipped Authentication Failure This trap signifies that someone has tried to logon to the switch using an invalid SNMP community name The switch automatically stores the source IP address of the unauthorized user Switch Management Concepts 27 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide New Root This trap indicates that the Switch has become the new root of the Spanning Tree the trap is sent by a bridge soon after its elect
44. the Ethernet standard MAC Received Error Counts data errors detectable as 10BASE TX symbol errors bit patterns with illegal encodings This may indicate noise on the line Dropped Frames The number of frames which are dropped by this port since the last Switch reboot Undersize Frames The number of frames detected that are less than the minimum permitted frame size of 64 bytes and have a good CRC Undersize frames usually indicate collision fragments a normal network occurrence e Total Errors The sum of the CRC Error Oversize Frames Fragments J abber Late Collision MAC Received Error Dropped Frames and Undersize Frames counters Collisions The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment Web Based Network Management 171 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Packet Analysis The information is described as follows Update Interval Choose the desired setting 2 seconds 5 seconds 15 seconds 30 seconds 60 seconds or Suspend e 64 The total number of packets including bad packets r eceived that were 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets e 65 127 The total number of packets including bad packets received that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive excluding framing bits but including FCS octets e 128 255 The total number of packets including bad packets received that were between 128 and 172 Web B
45. thus works even when the network is down The local console management connection involves a terminal or PC running terminal emulation software to operate the switch s built in console program see Chapter 6 Using the Console Interface Using the console program a network administrator can manage control and monitor the many functions of the Switch 24 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Hardware componentsin the Switch allow it to be an active part of a manageable network These components include a CPU memory for data storage other related hardware and SNMP agent firmware Activitieson the Switch can be monitored with these components while the Switch can be manipulated to carry out specific tasks Diagnostic console port RS 232 DCE Out of band management requires connecting a terminal such as a VT 100 or a PC running terminal emulation program such as HyperTerminal which is automatically installed with Microsoft Windows a to the RS 232 DCE console port of the Switch Switch management using the RS 232 DCE console portis called Local Console Management to differentiate it from management done via management platforms such as D View HP OpenView etc The console port is set for the following configuration Baud rate 9 600 Data width 8 bits Parity none Stop bits 1 o Flow Control None Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is
46. 2 VLANs Sharing Resources Across VLANS wii tein cited 42 VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches avccievcauies 44 VLANs Over 802 1Q compliant SWItChES sirenos 46 VT100 compatible terminal 50 Ww web based management 124 Web based management module EE 124 Welt lites vec sieti ieee GES 182 Width aenn at 101 201 D Link Offices AUSTRALIA CANADA CHILE CHINA DENMARK EGYPT FRANCE GERMANY ISDN INDIA ITALY J APAN SINGAPORE SWE DEN TAIWAN D LINK AUSTRALASIA Unit 16 390 Eastern Valley Way Roseville NSW 2069 Australia TEL 61 2 9417 7100 FAX 61 2 9417 1077 TOLL FREE 1800 177 100 Australia 0800 90090 New Zealand WEB www dlink com au E MAIL info dlink com au D LINK CANADA 2180 Winston Park Drive Oakville Ontario L6H 5W1 Canada TEL 1 905 829 5033 FAX 1 905 829 5223 WEB www dlink ca FTP ftp dlinknet com E MAIL techsup dlink ca D LINK SOUTH AMERICA Isidora Goyenechea 2934 of 702 Las Condes Santiago Chile TEL 56 2 2323185 FAX 56 2 2320923 WEB www dlink cl D LINK CHINA 15th Floor Science amp Technology Tower No 11 Baishiqiao Road Haidian District Beijing 100081 China TEL 86 10 68467106 9 F AX 86 10 68467110 WEB www dlink co cn D LINK DENMARK Naverland 2 DK 2600 Glostrup Copenhagen Denmark TEL 45 43 969 040 FAX 45 43 424 347 WEB www dlink dk D LINK MIDDLE EAST 7 Assem E bn Sabet Street Heliopolis Cairo Egypt TEL 202 2456176
47. 235 5500 WEB www dlink co uk E MAIL info dlink co uk D LINK U S A 53 Discovery Drive Irvine CA 92618 USA TEL 1 949 788 0805 FAX 1 949 753 7033 WEB www dlink com E MAIL tech dlink com Registration Card Print type or use block letters Your name Mr Ms Organization Dept Your title at organization Telephone Fax Organization s full address Country Date of purchase Month Day Year Product Model Product Serial Product installed in type of Product installed in No computer e g Compaq 486 computer serial No Applies to adapters only Product was purchased from Reseller s name Telephone Fax Reseller s full address Answers to the following questions help us to support your product 1 Where and how will the product primarily be used OHome OOffice OTravel OCompany Business DHome Business OPersonal Use 2 How many employees work at installation site 01 employee 012 9 0110 49 0150 99 0100 499 0500 999 111000 or more 3 What network protocol s does your organization use OXNS IPX OTCP IP ODECnet HOthers 4 What network operating system s does your organization use OD Link LANsmart ONovell NetWare ONetWare Lite OSCO Unix Xeni OPC NFS 03Com 3 Open OBanyan Vines ODECnet Pathwork DWindows N OWindows NTAS OWindows op OOthers 5 What network management program does your organization use OD View OHP OpenView Windows OHP OpenView Uni OSunNe
48. A 38 MEAN rare ne A ebe REENEN 40 MAC based VAN EEN n a EEN 41 POFE DASEd VLAN EE 42 VEAN Segmentation nnion nane E AERE atin 43 Sharing Resources Across VLANS A serrereresrersrsrerereersesre 43 VLANSs Spanning Multiple Switches ssesesssssssssssssseseees ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeseeeees 45 BROADCAST STORMS E A N a S A NEA 49 Segmenting Broadcast Domaine eese 50 Eliminating Broadcast Atom suseesceseeseeseeaeesecneeees 50 USING THE CONSOLE INTERFACE esseessesccesccesecesessse secesccssesoosecse 52 CONNECTING TO THE SWITCH ccccsssecessssseeeenee seeeesecaeeeeseeeeessneeensee ee 52 CONSOLE USAGE CONVENTIONS saaeeeesueeecseseeeesseeeeees 53 FIRST TIME CONNECTING TO THE SWITCH seeeessneeeeees 54 User Accounts Management 56 SGVING e 57 LOGGING ONTO THE SWITCH CONSOLE By RrosrcprnUerps 59 Create Modify User Accounts 59 View Delete User Accounts 200 EENS Ae 61 SETTING UP THE bwItcH seeeesessnneseeccecsesssnsaeeeee seeeeeees 62 CONPUSUT ATION Base eege AER SEA Configure IP Address Configure Console se erise Eaa EEA re Eia Configure Switeh asserit Gee aea e i i E e Configure Ports Configure Slot Module seon e nnn aa n seeeesseeaeeas Configure Slot2 Module A eenas ie eE Ea Configure Port Mirroring Configure Spanning Tree Protocol Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table Configure IGMP Filtering eee ceeseesee ceeeseeeceeeeseneeseeseeseeseeae ceaeeeesees Configure VAN ue ANERE
49. Communit Names joten mi 108 SNMP Trap Manager Configuration s s s 107 Software Update menu 102 Software Updates 102 Spanning Tree Algorithm 6 Spanning Tree Algorithm STA SEENEN ES AER a 31 Spanning Tree Algorithm Parameter niiit eeeeeeeeee 77 Custom Filtering Table 86 87 Forwarding Table 84 Protocol Parameter 77 200 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Spanning Tree Protocol 31 Speed s inussieie bins 113 114 Speed Duplex cesses 68 STA Operation Levels 32 Static Filtering definition of 82 Static filters 0 eee 85 static forwarding entries 85 Static Multicast Filtering Table 87 Storage Temperature 182 Store and forward switching 5 STP Port State 70 straight cable n se 186 subnet make 128 Subnet Mack 62 Super Uer 54 SWIT anI an a Z 3 Switch Historie 120 Switch Management 24 49 Switch Monitoring 109 Switching Technolog 3 System Contact 64 65 System Location 64 65 System Name 64 65 System Restart Setting Out of Band Baud Rate 161 System Utilities 104 T Tag Untag oo eee 100 TAS SING encena iiin a eee 40 Tagging sesers 44 97 TCP IP Sens 61 TELNET neite Aeaeeia 50 terminal emulato oe 50 terminal parameters 50 TFTP Trivial File Transfe Drotocoli 102 TFTP Server Address
50. Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table from the Configuration menu Then select Configure Permanent Address Table Entry from the bottom of the Configure Filtering and Forwarding table screen The following screen appears Coemi t ul d Se BH ALA Figure 6 20 Custom Forwarding Table screen By mapping a MAC addressto adestination port the switch can permanently forward traffic for a specified Using the Console Interface 87 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide device through a specific port even after long periods of network inactivity or during times of network congestion Action Choose to Add or Remove an entry from the table MAC Address a total of ten destination addresses per page will be seen The Switch can hold up to 256 entries This is the MAC address of the device that you are creating a permanent forwarding address for Port heading a port number will be displayed for each corresponding destination address The switch will always forward traffic to the specified device through this port Status The status of the static forwarding table entry can be in use or not apply Not apply means that there is a static filter for the same MAC address Static filters always take precedence over static forwarding entries Theswitch will automatically upgrade the Status to in use once the static filter is removed Configure MAC Address Filtering The Static Filtering Table contains
51. D Link DES 3225G DES 3225GF 24 Port Fast Ethernet Switch User s Guide First Edition October 1999 6DES3225G 01 Printed In Taiwan RECYCLABLE Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 Bitte lesen Sie sich diese Hinweise sorgf ltig durch Heben Sie diese Anleitung f r den sp tern Gebrauch auf Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Ger t vom Stromnetz zu trennen Vervenden Sie keine Flussig oder Aerosolreiniger Am besten dient ein angefeuchtetes Tuch zur Reinigung Um eine Besch digung des Ger tes zu vermeiden sollten Sie nur Zubeh rteile verwenden die vom Hersteller zugelassen sind Das Gerat is vor Feuchtigkeit zu schutzen Bei der Aufstellung des Gerates ist auf sichern Stand zu achten Ein Kippen oder Fallen k nnte Verletzungen hervorrufen Verwenden Sie nur sichere Standorte und beachten Sie die Aufstellhinweise des Herstellers Die Bel ftungs ffnungen dienen zur Luftzirkulation die das Ger t vor berhitzung sch tzt Sorgen Sie daf r da diese ffnungen nicht abgedeckt werden Beachten Sie beim Anschlu an das Stromnetz die Anschlu werte Die Netzanschlu steckdose mu aus Gr nden der elektrischen Sicherheit einen Schutzleiterkontakt haben Verlegen Sie die Netzanschlu leitung so da niemand dar ber fallen kann Es sollete auch nichts auf der Leitung abgestellt werden Alle Hinweise und Warnungen die sich am Ger ten befinden sind zu beachten Wird das Ger t ber ei
52. EEN 97 Index port based VL ANS 39 Port based VLANS 41 POTS 0 ce eccss voces E 4 POPS sic essa tien iacavee sie 120 PWET cesncctitedat t iere ee 18 Power Consumption 181 PHONT dek geiergert Ai 68 priority queue Le eee 68 priority Log 69 BN eat te 43 Q Queries RX eceeeeseeeeeee 120 Ouertes TN 120 R RAM RE 55 RAM Bufte eee 182 Rear Panel 13 14 refresh ieron rin wae 52 Repnetttons eee 105 Reports 0 ee ee ee eee entree 120 Resetting the Switch 121 Restart System 0 0 121 Restart VLAN Mode 93 RJ 45 Pin Specification 184 RMON Groben 76 Root Bridge cee eeeeeeeeees 32 Root Path Coste 33 TOOL BOES eis 79 Kont POrt anen eies 33 ROUTETS aaneen ELE 4 Regester ed t 5 RS 232 DCE console por 24 Rx Good Frames Received 116 RX Octets ianen in 117 RXYISEC eh ena ei 112 199 S Save Changes s s s 52 Save Settings to TFTP Serve 105 Save Switch History to TFTP SOLVED eedi oiae 106 Saving Changes cece 55 SecCHnt oo eeeeeeeeeeeee 26 40 41 Segmenting Broadcast Domains EE 48 Segments Network 3 Serial Dot 64 Server IP Address 106 Setting Up The Switch 60 SOUUP ission iisas sinies 8 SLIP management 64 161 ele GE 19 SNIPE A sesh A ege chek ees 76 SNMP Community String 109 SNMP Manager Configuration E 107 108 SNMP Manager Configuration parameter CHE 109 SNMP Security
53. IEEE 802 3x flow control Selecting Enabled when the port is in half duplex mode will implement normal Ethernet collision based backpressure flow control Select Disabled for no flow control Also if the port is set for Auto NWay in the speed duplex field above and flow control is enabled flow control whether full or half duplex will only be implemented if the other device can auto negotiate flow control Note that you must reboot the Switch before a flow control change can take effect Web Based Network Management 133 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 4 Configure the Priority Queues setting for packets passing through this port using IEEE 802 1 tagging Select Low High or Default If the network is congested the switch handles packets with a higher priority before those with lower priority 5 Configure the Port Lock setting to prevent the port from learning MAC addresses of new hosts This will help keep intruders off your network since any packet coming from an unknown source will be dropped by the Switch that is not added to your MAC Address Forwarding Table Select Enabled or Disabled 6 Configure the Broadcast Storm Rising Action setting from three choices Do Nothing Blocking or Blocking Trap 7 Configure the Broadcast Storm Falling Action setting from three choices Do Nothing Forwarding or Forwarding Trap 8 The STP Port State read only field indicates the status of the Spanning Tree Protoco
54. INK HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE IF YOU PURCHASED A D LINK PRODUCT IN THE UNITED STATES SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU Limited Warranty Hardware D Link warrants each of its hardware products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials under normal use and service for a period commencing on the date of purchase from D Link or its Authorized Reseller and extending for the length of time stipulated by the Authorized Reseller or D Link Branch Office nearest to the place of purchase This Warranty applies on the condition that the product Registration Card is filled out and returned to a D Link office within ninety 90 days of purchase A list of D Link offices is provided at the back of this manual together with a copy of the Registration Card If the product proves defective within the applicable warranty period D Link will provide repair or replacement of the product D Link shall have the sole discretion whether to repair or replace and replacement product may be new or reconditioned Replacement product shall be of equivalent or better specifications relative to the defective product but need not be identical Any product or part repaired by D Link pursuant to this warranty shall have a warranty period of not less than 90 days from date of such repair irrespective of any earli
55. MENT Introduction The DES 3225G offers an embedded Web based HTML interface allowing users to manage the switch from anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Netscape Navigator Communicator or Microsoft Internet Explorer The Web browser acts as a universal access tool and can communicate directly with the Switch using the HTTP protocol Your browser screen may vary with the screen shots pictures in this guide The Web based management module and the Console program and Telnet are different ways to access the same internal switching software and configure it Thus all settings encountered in web based management are the same as those found in the console program NOTE This Web based Management Module does not accept Chinese language input or other languages requiring 2 bytes per character 128 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Getting Started The first step in getting started in using web based management for your Switch is to secure a browser A Web browser is aprogram which allows aperson to read hypertext for example Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer Follow the installation instructions for the browser The second and last step is to configure the IP interface of the Switch This should be done manually througha console see the Configure IP Address section in the Using The Console Interface chapter Management To begin managi
56. N steerer Configure Trunk eeens eerie oranes Update Firmware and Configuration File System Utilities AANEREN eenaa aeaii Ping KEE Save Settings to TFTP Server eeesesceseeseee cesseeseeeeeerseenetseenseneeee eere Save Switch History to TFTP Server wo cee sseseseeee ceseeeeseeseeneeseeseeees SNMP Manager Cofieuraotton ceeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeensees SWITCH MONITORING 3 esis iioii siapa iaeia E ed seats E aaps Network Monitoring NEEN apa a aaia En Traffic Statistics Browse Address Table ENNEN Seieren e e n Raa ie Ee EE LS dienac iiini Switch Ettel RESETTING THE SWITCH inpre i e eege eebe ENEE INTRODUGTION Reese ele NE LE ats 128 GETTING STARTED geess ees eege See 129 MANAGEMENT Aust nend eae hata feasted hb eteeets sees 129 Configure Switeh dese ee EE LAE Raa 130 Etgen orlando dree bestesg 131 Port Setting Sasiia EAR EEN EE EES 132 Pott Mitton Syngi ienke dae aeee ddsbeseavassest eases eave 135 Switch Setting EE 136 Filtering and Forwarding Table 139 Spanning Tree IGMP Filtering Configure Moaneggemtent censeereeeseeeseceseensecnseense eae 162 Traps and Community Strings ccesceees ceeeeeeceeeneesetseeeeseeeeteen ate 162 User Accounts sevice ei A ceteve heaps AE EA EN A A E eee Console Port Settings Monitor Switch Overview Etat ahs setae dE LS tee OS So Browse Address Tables c cssssssecseorneeee SENGES ENK ANNE Browse IGMP Status Switch History seele AE EE EENEG Res tand Update mi
57. NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Port enable Enable Bridge max age 20 secs Bridge hello time 2 sec Bridge forward delay 15 sec Bridge priority 32768 Port STP cost 19 Gigabit 4 Port STP priority 128 Forwarding table aging time 300 secs Address lookup mode Level 1 NWay Enable Flow control Enable Backpressure Disable Port lock Disable Port priority Default Broadcast storm rising action Do nothing Broadcast storm falling action Do nothing Broadcast storm rising threshold 30 Broadcast storm falling threshold 10 Community string public private VLAN mode Basic SNMP VLAN 802 1Q 1 Default port VID 1 Ingress rule checking Disable Mirror src port lt gt target port 1 lt 2 Mirror disable 194 Runtime Switching Software Default Settings 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Utilization oo eee 113 U 112 1 1000BASE SX Gigabit Module ge een E Lee 17 100BASE FX Fiber MTRJ Type Modulle ss0sccccoceseesseeeee 17 100BASE FX Fiber Module 16 100BASE TX Device 23 100BASE TX Module 15 LOOM sts tie Aeneis 19 100Mbps Fast Ethernet 1 1024 1518 Octs eee 116 1OBASE T Device e000saeeee 23 128 255 Oct 116 2 256 511 Oerts iarann 116 5 512 1023 Octs eee 116 6 OF OCIS aie eee 116 65 127 Octo ia a 116 A AC mputs 181 Index AC power cord 7
58. R 28 MIB objects sesser 28 MIB I RFC Ia 6 MIB epea geren ne 28 MIB II RFC 1213 ee 6 MIBS stet de r ege Ae Zeg 28 mirror DO 76 mod le sincsen 4 13 Modules oe 15 multicast domain 06 39 Multicast Group 119 Multicast Rx Multicast Frames Receivedi 117 Mullticasting c eee 88 N Network Classes Class A B C for Subnet Mask leed ege Gloss 62 network meltdown s s see 48 Network Monitoring 110 network performance 67 NICS pected 41 NOt APPLY eect teres 85 Not Amy 96 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide NV RAM orses 55 122 NW aM ee Eh anes 4 O Operating Temperature 181 Out of band management and console settings s 63 Out of Band Console Setting HEI AE EA ESRT 63 Oversize Frames n 114 P packet queues 0 eects 68 50X21 8 6 C0 rrr 66 password sesers 53 Path GC eet eiegel Sereeg 9 KR Performing a System Reset 121 Ping Test 3 104 POPE EOE EE OENE 68 85 partition ee 66 Port Auto Partition Capability on ALL Ports iesi iiien 66 Port Locke 69 Port Mirroring s es 76 Port Packet Analysis Statistics AET E sau E SEA 115 Port Packet Error Statistics 114 Port Priorit 33 35 37 Port Traffic Statistics 112 Port Trunking 00 0 eee 37 Port type settings CONSOlE peisea ssoi 64 Out of Band nsee 64 Port VLAN ID numters PVID aa a E EE 41 Port VLAN ID numbers PVIDs
59. Test POST It will light green approximately 2 seconds after the switch is powered on to indicate the ready state of the device The LED will blink green while downloading new software for the switch or if the system s configuration has changed and will light yellow when an error occurs Console This indicator is lit green when the switch is being managed via out of band local console management through the RS 232 console port using a straight through serial cable Slot 2 This indicator is lit green when the Gigabit Ethernet slide in module is present in the rear panel of the Switch 18 Identifying External Components 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Giga This indicator is lit green when a linkis established It blinks green when the Gigabit port is active 100M These indicators are illuminated green when a 100 Mbps device is connected to any of the 24 ports or uplink port If a 10 Mbps device is connected to any of the 24 ports or uplink port these LEDs remain dark Link Act These indicators are lit when thereisa secure connection or link to a device at any of the ports The LEDs blink whenever there is reception or transmission i e Activity Act of data occurring ata port Identifying External Components 19 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide CONNECTING THE SWITCH This chapter describes how to connect the DES 3225G to your Fast Ethernet network Switch to End Node E
60. acket either to filter it off the network or to forward it through the port on which its destination lies Configure Web Based Network Management 139 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide This window allows you to stop or start address learning use an address look up mode and select an age out time of the MAC address in the selected address table Click Apply to let your changes take effect The following fields above can be set e Lock Address Table Stops learning new address Mostly used for security purposes when the forwarding table is locked the Switch will no longer learn the MAC addresses for new hosts If your network configuration doesn t change locking the forwarding table helps keep intruders off your network since any packet coming from an unknown source address will be dropped by the Switch e Address Look up Mode Select from Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 or Default e MAC Address Aging Enter the desired MAC address age out time in this field 10 to 9999 seconds 140 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Permanent Address Table DEET bce SS oe S MAC forwarding allows the Switch to permanently forward outbound traffic to specific destination MAC addresses over a specified port You can also use this feature to restrict inbound traffic based on source MAC addresses Click the pointer icon on the right side of the tab
61. agement 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Standards IEEE 802 3 LOBASE T Ethernet IEEE 802 3u 1OOBASE TX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802 3z LOOOBASE SX Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802 1 P Q VLAN IEEE 802 3x Full duplex Flow Control Data Transfer Rates Half duplex Full duplex Ethernet 10 Mbps 20Mbps Fast Ethernet 100Mbps 200Mbps Gigabit Ethernet n a 2000Mbps Technical Specifications 185 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Network Cables 10BASE T 2 pair UTP Cat 3 4 5 100 m EIA TIA 568 100 ohm STP 100 m 100BASE TX 2 pair UTP Cat 5 100 m EIA TIA 568 100 ohm STP 100 m 100BASE TX 2 pair UTP Cat 5 100 m Fiber Optic IEC 793 2 1992 Type Ata 50 125um multimod Type A1b 62 5 125um multimod Both types use MTRJ or SC optical connector Number of Ports 24 x 10 100 Mbps NWay ports 1 Gigabit Ethernet optional Physical and Environmental AC inputs 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz internal universal power supply Power 100 watts maximum Consumptio n 2 built in 40 x 40 x10 mm fan Operating Oto 50 degrees Celsius Temperatur e Storage 25 to 55 degrees Celsius Temperatur e Humidity Operating 5 to 95 RH non condensing Storage 0 to 95 RH non condensing Dimensions 441 mm x 367 mm x 44 mm 1U 19 inch rack 186 Technical Specifications 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Physical and Environmental FCC Class A CE Clas
62. ailable speeds are 2400 9600 19 200 and 38 400 bits per second The default setting in this Switch version is 9600 The top of the screen displays the current settings for Console Timeout and Serial Port as well as the Baud Rate Character Size and Stop Bit for Out of Band and Console settings respectively Configure Switch The Switch Configuration screen shows various pieces of information about your Switch and allows you to set the System Name System Location and System Contact These settings can be retrieved from the Switch using SNMP requests allowing these settings to be used for network management purposes Choose Configure Switch to access the second item on the Configuration menu The following screen appears 66 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Beitch Comi spore tom nk DES32259 Standalene Saitek Dips Beil prepeete 2 pee E HE Gigshit Keele presenttl port 7 01 45 Garak Haas Gatan Location Etan Contact WIRE SETI ISL Pere ierertrrieterirtettrrrrteririettrierieterietrttrrrttrrirtetir tert ER RER ER RR Fargzce Aren Corme D 209 vim Soo BHT Ch Figure 6 10 Switch Configuration screen The fields you can set are System Name Corresponds to the SNMP MIB II variable system sysName and is used to givea name to the Switch for administrative purposes The Switch s fully qualified domain name is often used provided a name has been assigned
63. allows up to four different community names to be defined The community name public is defined by default you can change this name in addition to adding others You will need to coordinate these names with the community name settings you use in your network management system Choose SNMP Manager Configuration to access the third item on the main menu The following screen appears Using the Console Interface 111 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide DHF Henager Conbiqureiicn Doee hg Sd BS VII SEH Figure 6 39 SNMP Manager Configuration screen The following SNMP Manager and Trap Manager Configuration parameters can be set SNMP Community String The community string that will be included on SNMP packets sent to and from the switch Any station not privy to this community will not receive the packet e Access Right Allowseach community to be separately set to either Read Only meaning that the community member can only view switch settings or Read Write which allowsthe member to change settings in the switch Status Determines whether this community name entry is Valid or Invalid An entry can be disabled by changing its status to Invalid IP Address The IP address of the network management station to receive traps 112 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Switch Monitoring The switch uses an SNMP agent which monitors different aspects of network traffic The SNMP
64. an be made with any other switch that maintains host to host Switch Management Concepts 39 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide data streams over a single trunk port Switches that use a load balancing scheme that sends the packets of a host to host data stream over multiple trunk ports cannot have a trunk connection with the DE S 3225G switch VLAN VLANs are a collection of users or ports grouped together in a secure autonomous broadcast and multicast domain Membership to a VLAN is not restricted by a physical location and can be defined across multiple LAN switches Two types of VLANs are implemented MAC based VLANs and port based VLANs MAC based VLANs are limited to the switch and the devices connected to it while port based VLANs support IEEE 802 1Q tagging which enables them to span the entire network assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802 1Q compliant Both MAC based and port based VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains All packets entering a VLAN will only be forwarded to the stations MAC based or ports port based that are members of that VLAN and this even includes Multicast frames and unknown unicast frames Another benefit of VLANsisthat you can change the network topology without physically moving stations or changing cable connections Stations can be moved simply by changing VLAN settings from one VLAN the sales VLAN for examp
65. asan aaah ein neh Reboot Switch 2 c 2 cain tees Che atari cies EE a Reset to Factory Default sunnari ne eniri iair 179 Update Firmware Change Configuration File s sesesseesesesesssesee cecseeseeseeseesesseeseseeseenee sester 181 Save Settings to TPTP Servei oaii n e a ae a a E AEE sees 182 Upload Log File Save Chongee TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS eseseseseseseseseseseoesese soseseseseseseseseseeeee 185 RJ 45 PIN SPECIFICATION ccccssssssssssssesseres sessersesessersesessersevessers 188 SAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE ccccsssssssssssssesseee soessesesserseveeves 190 Commands ornoen e Vier Notes about the Configuration File RUNTIME SWITCHING SOFTWARE DEFAULT SETTINGB 193 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide ABOUT THIS GUIDE This User s guide tells you how to install your DES 3225G how to connect it to your Ethernet network and how to set its configuration using either the built in console interface or Web based management Terms For simplicity this documentation uses the terms Switch first letter upper case to refer to the DES 3225G 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch and switch first letter lower case to refer to all Ethernet switches including the DE S 3225G Overview of this User s Guide Chapter 1 Introduction Describes the Switch and its features e Chapter 2 Unpacking and Setup Helps you get started with the basic installation of the Switch e Chapte
66. ased Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 255 octets in length inclusive excluding framing bits but including FCS octets 256 511 The total number of packets including bad packets received that were between 256 and 511 octets in length inclusive excluding framing bits but including FCS octets 512 1023 The total number of packets including bad packets received that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length inclusive excluding framing bits but including FCS octets 1024 1518 The total number of packets including bad packets received that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length inclusive excluding framing bits but including FCS octets e Rx good The number of good frames received This also includes local and dropped packets Tx good The number of good frames sent from the respective port Total Rx The number of frames received good and bad Tx Bytes The number of good bytes sent from the respective port Rx Bytes The number of good bytes received This also includes local and dropped packets Total Rx The number of bytes received good and bad e Unicast Rx Tx The total number of good packets that were received by and directed to a unicast Web Based Network Management 173 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide address Note that this does not include dropped unicast packets e Multicast Rx Tx The total number of good packets that were receive
67. ast Filtering Age out Timer field and then change the IP Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping setting from Disable to Enable Click the Apply button to let the changes take effect Items in the above window are described as follows 152 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide e IP Multicast Filtering Age out Timer When this timer elapses the switch itself will try to become the IGMP host IP Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping This setting allows theswitch to learn the IGMP spanning tree and intelligently forward packets as opposed to broadcasting all packets IGMP snoopingis automatically enabled disabled with this setting Configure 802 1Q IGMP A Si ol Click the icon on the far right to access the Add Delete IGMP Entry window Web Based Network Management 153 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide a Sr A at To Add Modify to the table or Delete from the table check the desired option button enter a value from 1 to 2047 in the VLAN ID field enter a value between 30 and 999 in the Age out Timer field enable or disable the IGMP Status control and then click Apply The information above is described as follows Add Modify to the table Allows you to create or edit an entry for the table Delete from the table Allows you to delete an IGMP entry from the table Age out Timer Specifies the time in seconds the switch will wait before trying to host IGMP
68. at you have not mistyped it 5 Determine whether the new user should have Normal User or Administrator privileges 6 Choose the APPLY command to let the password change take effect 60 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide This method can also be used by an Administrator level user to change another user s password View Delete User Accounts Access to the console whether using the console port or via TELNET is controlled using a user name and password Up to three of these user namescan be defined The console interface will not let you delete the current logged in user however in order to prevent accidentally deleting all of the users with Administrator privilege Only users with the Administrator privilege can delete users To view your user password Choose View Delete User Accounts from the User Accounts Management menu The following screen appears Corm 15 57 vi wm FEH jp Figure 6 6 View Delete User Accounts screen Using the Console Interface 61 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide To delete your user password 1 Toggle the Delete field of the user you wish to remove to Yes 2 Press APPLY to let the user deletion take effect Setting Up The Switch This section will help prepare the Switch user by describing the Configuration Update Firmware and Configuration Files Save Changes and System Utilities menus and their respective sub menus Co
69. aths are activated Designated Root Read only object displays the MAC Ethernet address of the bridge switch on the network that has been chosen as the STP root Using the Console Interface 81 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Root Cost Read only object displays the cost for the path between the switch and the root bridge If the switch is the root bridge then the root cost is zero Root port Read only object identifies the port on the bridge that offers the least path cost from the bridge to the root bridge In the event of a network loop data packets will pass through the root port Max Age sec Read only object indicates the maximum age of STP information learned from the network on any port before it is discarded e Forward Delay sec Read only object indicates how fast any port on the bridge can change its spanning state when moving towards the forwarding state The value determines how long the port stays in each of the listening and learning states which precede the forwarding state e Hold Time sec Read only object displays the time interval during which no more than two configuration BPDUs shall be transmitted by the bridge Root Priority Read only object displays the priority number of the root bridge of the Spanning Tree The value is used in conjunction with the bridge MAC address to set the bridge ID which in turn is used when determining the root bridge of a multi bridged network
70. ation program Performance features Store and forward switching scheme capability to support rate adaptation and protocol conversion Full and half duplex for both LOMbps and 100Mbps connections The 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet module operates at full duplex only Full duplex allows the switch port to simultaneously transmit and receive data and only works with connections to full duplex capable end stations and switches Connections to hubs must take place at half duplex Auto polarity detection and correction of incorrect polarity on the receive twisted pair at each port Data forwarding rate 14 880pps per port at 100 of wire speed for 10Mbps speed Introduction 5 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Data forwarding rate 148 800pps per port at 100 of wire speed for 100Mbps speed Data filtering rate eliminates all error packets runts etc at 14 880pps per port at 100 of wire speed for LOMbps speed Data filtering rate eliminates all error packets runts etc at 148 800pps per port at 100 of wire speed for 1LOOMbps speed 12K active MAC address entry table per device with automatic learning and aging 10 to 9999 seconds 12 MB packet buffer per device Broadcast storm filtering IGMP Multicast support Management RS 232 console port for out of band network management via a console terminal or PC Spanning Tree Algorithm Protocol for creation of alternative backup paths and p
71. ation Base These MIBs may also be retrieved by specifying the MIB s Object Identity OID at the network manager MIB values can be either read only or read write Read only MIBs variables can be either constants that are programmed into the Switch or variables that change while the Switch is in operation Examples of read only constants are the number of ports and types of ports Examples of read only variables are the statistics counters such as the number of errors that have occurred or how many kilobytes of data have been received and forwarded through a port Read write MIBs are variables usually related to user customized configurations Examples of these are the Switch s IP Address Spanning Tree Algorithm parameters and port status If you use a third party vendors SNMP software to manage the Switch a diskette listing the Switch s propriety enterprise MIBscan be obtained by request If your software provides functions to browse or modify MIBs you can also get the MIB values and change them if the MIBs attributes permit the write operation This process however can be quite involved since you must know the MIB OIDs and retrieve them one by one Switch Management Concepts 29 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Packet Forwarding The Switch learns the network configuration and uses this information to forward packets This reduces the traffic congestion on the network because packets instead of
72. between T for tag and U for untag for each port e Egress Position the cursor over the dash representing the appropriate port number and press lt space bar gt to select E for Egress or leave the dash 2 An E designates the specified port as a static member of the VLAN A dash means the port is not given VLAN membership for the VID entered above State Toggle between Active and Inactive A table on the lower part of the screen displays the settings for each VLAN The table displays the VLAN number VID Using the Console Interface 103 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VLAN Name and Tag Untag Egress membership status for all ports Configure Trunk Ports on the switch can be grouped together in a single logical port called a trunk This is discussed in detail in the Port Trunking section of the Switch Management Concepts chapter of this manual Tosetup a trunk group choose Configure Trunk in the Configuration menu The following screen appears Figure 6 33 Configure Trunk screen The fields you can set are e Master There are three listings representing the master port for each of the three trunk groups available on the switch The master port for each group is preset and cannot be changed 104 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Width Select between 2 to 8 ports in the first two entries for this field The number of ports defined her
73. cast packets per second on this port Once met the Broadcast Storm Rising Action above will be triggered The assigned number should be high enough to allow normal broadcast packets which comprise significant traffic to be let through while being low enough so that broadcast storms can be detected early Broadcast Storm Falling Action This setting will be activated when the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold and then the Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold below is met This setting can be configured to Do Nothing Forward or Forward and Trap The Do Nothing setting causes the switch to operate normally in other words ignore the situation If the port had met the Broadcast Storm Rising Action criteria and started Blocking broadcast packets it will continue doing so The Forward setting causes the port to begin forwarding broadcast frames thus removing the Blocking state imposed by the Broadcast Storm Rising Action Forward and Trap performsthe same action as Forward except it alsosends a trap to the designated Trap Recipient informing them of the situation Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold This setting defines the number of broadcast packets per second on this port which will trigger the Broadcast Storm Falling Action above This threshold will only trigger an action if the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold has first been reached The assigned number should be high enough to allow normal broadcast packets which comprise sign
74. ckets to it to be printed Ports 1 2 and 3 send these packets on VLAN 1 their PVID 1 and Ports 11 and 12 send these packets on VLAN 2 PVID 2 The third VLAN PVID 3 is used by the server to transmit files that had been requested on VLAN 1 or 2 back to the computers All computers that use the server will receive transmissions from itsince they are all located on ports which are members of VLAN 3 VID 3 VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches VLANs can span multiple switches and indeed your entire network Two considerations tokeep in mind while building VLANs of this sort are whether the switches are IEEE 802 1Q compliant and thus whether or not tagging should be performed Definitions of relevant terms are as follows Tagging The act of putting 802 1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number priority and other VLAN information into all packets that flow into and out it If a packet has previously been tagged the port will not alter the packet thus keeping the VLAN information intact Tagging is used tosend packets from one 802 1Q compliant device to another Untagging The act of stripping 802 1Q VLAN information out of the packet header Ports with untagging enabled will take all VLAN information out of all packets that flow into and out of a port If the packet doesn t have a VLAN tag the port will not alter the packet thus keeping the packet free of VLAN informati
75. cting as an IP gateway If your network is not part of an internetwork or you do not want the Switch to be accessible outside your local network you can leave this field unchanged Configure Console You can use the Console Options screen to choose whether to use the Switch s RS 232C serial port for console management or for out of band TCP IP communications using SLIP and to set the bit rate used for SLIP communications Choose Configure Console to access the last item on the Configuration menu The following screen appears current Zes trag Conmole Topecaup Serial Part eg tlLreog on Beczart Coegcole Tseutp Serial Port Corme KOX 0 Sao HT Ch Figure 6 9 Console Options screen The following fields can be set Using the Console Interface 65 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Settings on Restart Console Timeout This setting for the restart of the console is 15 mins 30 mins 45 mins 60 mins or Never Serial Port Determines whether the serial port should be used for out of band SLIP management or for console management starting from the next time the Switch is restarted In this field you can toggle between SLIP or console port type settings Baud Rate Determines the serial port bit rate that will be used the next time the Switch is restarted Applies only when the serial port is being used for out of band SLIP management it does not apply when the port is used for the console port Av
76. d by and directed to a multicast address Note that this number does not include packets directed to the broadcast address Broadcast Rx Tx The total number of good packets that were received by and directed to a broadcast address Note that this does not include multicast packets Utilization The information is described as follows Last Detected Source Address MAC address of the last device that sent packets over this port 174 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Browse Address Table Ze L ge E Lee Fa d e A 23 a a A d M aS Per S FS P Es dJ Baseng tem fe Dec HIE ap rem d ism fren Yr gv neg III Lenin d ai Fr CH t The Switch allows you to display a table containing MAC addresses ports and respective learned statuses Clicking the Next Page hyperlink at the bottom of the screen will allow you to display the complete MAC Address Table Web Based Network Management 175 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Browse IGMP Status bee h Jet e CB es This window allows you to display Multicast Group MAC Address Queries TX Queries RX Reports and Ports for IGMP Snooping in a table format 176 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Switch History i Si ol The Switch can send event information to its own logs to designated SNMP trap receiving stations and to the PC connected t
77. d frames Traffic in Frames e Frames Sent Counts the total number of frames transmitted from the port e Frames Received Counts all valid frames received on the port Total Frames Received Counts the number of frames received on the port whether they were valid or not Web Based Network Management 169 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Errors ner hae ge The information is described as follows e Update Interval Choose the desired setting 2 seconds 5 seconds 15 seconds 30 seconds 60 seconds or Suspend e Link Speed Duplex Flow Control Indicates the current link status Other errors e CRC Error Counts otherwise valid frames that did not end on a byte octet boundary Oversize Frames Counts packets received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were otherwise well formed 170 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Fragments The number of packets less than 64 bytes with either bad framing or an invalid CRC These are normally the result of collisions Jabber The number of frames with length more than 1518 bytes and with CRC error or misalignment bad framing e Late Collision Counts collisions that occur at or after the 64 byte octet in the frame This may indicate that delays on your Ethernet are too long and you have either exceeded the repeater count or cable length specified in
78. ddress level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or fast Ethernet LAN segments Switching is a cost effective way of increasing the total network capacity available to users on a local area network A switch increases capacity and decreases network loading by making it possible for a local area network to be divided into different segments which don t compete with each other for network transmission capacity giving a decreased load on each The switch acts as a high speed selective bridge between the individual segments Traffic that needs to go from one segment to another from one port to another is automatically forwarded by the switch without interfering with any other segments ports This allows the total network capacity to be multiplied while still maintaining the same network cabling and adapter cards For Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet networks a switch is an effective way of eliminating problems of chaining hubs beyond the two repeater limit A switch can be used Introduction 3 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide to split parts of the network into di fferent collision domains for example making it possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205 meter network diameter limit for 100BASE TX networks Switches supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast Ethernet are also ideal for bridging between existing 10Mbps networks and new 100Mbps networ
79. e Bini BN z Cl Tom CH Oe CS To configure Spanning Tree Protocol functions for the Switch or individual ports enter the desired information in the fields on this screen see the descriptions below for assistance and then click Apply The information on the screen is described as follows Spanning Tree Protocol STP for all portsis This option offers Disabled or Enabled to implement the Spanning Tree Protocol Bridge Priority 0 65535 Priority A Bridge Priority can be from 0 to 65535 Zero is equal to the highest Bridge Priority Hello Time 1 10sec The Hello Time can be from 1to 10 seconds This is the interval between two transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the Root 150 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Bridge to tell all other switches that it is indeed the Root Bridge If you set a Hello Time for your Switch and it is not the Root Bridge the set Hello Time will be used if and when your Switch becomes the Root Bridge Forward Delay 4 30 sec The Forward Delay can be from 4 to 30 seconds This is the time any port on the Switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state Maximum Age 6 40 sec The Maximum Age can be from 6 to 40 seconds At the end of the Maximum Age if a BPDU has still not been received from the Root ridge your Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other switches for
80. e start from the master port and count up Thus in the example pictured above containing a width of 5 ports in the first trunk the ports in the trunk group will include ports 7 master 8 9 10 and 11 The third entry used for 2 port front panel modules has a permanent setting of 2 ports Group name Enter the desired group name In the example pictured above the first trunk group designates a trunk connection between a switch on the 6 floor and this one on the 7 floor e Status Enables or Disables this trunk group Be careful when disabling trunk groups as the connections will return to normal operation and may cause signal loops Press APPLY to let the changes take effect Update Firmware and Configuration Files The Switch is capable of obtaining its configuration settings thesame settings defined in this console program as well as updated versions of its internal switching software the console program itself using TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol You canuse the Update Firmware and Configuration Files screen to control this feature Choose Update Firmware and Configuration Files to access the fourth item on the Switch s main menu The following screen appears Using the Console Interface 105 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Update Porewere amd Conti Sed baad e Update Rote TRIF barrer Aires 1D 9 1 Update Fores Firavere Update Dombled File Fase ID projemi ilma bid nd tp eis re D
81. e switch conditions and connections The following LED indicator states are possible for an end node to switch connection 1 The 100M LED indicator comes ON for a 100 Mbps and stays OFF for 10 Mbps 2 The Link Act LED indicator lights up upon hooking up a PC that is powered on Switch to Hub or Switch These connections can be accomplished in a number of ways The most important consideration is that when using a normal straight through cable the connection should be made between a normal crossed port Port 1X 2X etc and an Uplink MDI II port If you are usinga Connecting The Switch 21 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide crossover cable the connection must be made from Uplink to Uplink or from a crossed port to another crossed port A 10BASE T hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a two pair Category 3 4 or 5 UTP STP straight cable A 100BASE TX hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a two pair Category 5 UTP STP straight cable If the other switch or hub contains an unused Uplink port we suggest connecting the other device s Uplink MDI I1 port to any of the switch s MDI X ports 1x 22x or one of the 100BASE TX module ports using a normal straight through cable as shown below If the other device does not have an unused Uplink port make the connection with a normal straight through cable from one of the Uplink ports on the switch to any normal crossed port
82. e Add Modify Permanent Multicast Filtering Table Entry window Web Based Network Management 143 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide ee ee ee To use the permanent multicast filtering function check either the Add to the table option button or the Delete from the table option button enter the MAC address of the device allowed to send traffic in the MAC Address field and then click Apply The information above is described as follows Add to the table Delete from the table Choose one of the desired options to add or delete an entry from the Permanent Multicast Filtering Table e MAC Address The Ethernet address of the Permanent Multicast Filtering Table entry 144 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Multicast Forwarding Table iad oh ae fa P w CG ON P Ka Ka dh Mm eck ke m e beet ice KE Tei W I D SC SC 245G Papas Dip bai Bim EmA Hengen vol SSC ci e TEDNA e Le Bei e Le E Sms Multicast filtering blocks or forwards traffic over each port for one multicast group You can configure each port on the Switch to forward traffic for the specified multicast group Click the pointer icon on the right side of the table to access the Add Modify Multicast Forwarding Table Entry window Web Based Network Management 145 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide x e 3 A az a A oS Oo bei g i Sen pat ga mm Kap e
83. ee Goad baarati Dee Config Fila Erst Fila Fams D praige Last IFF Serrar kidremm 10 9 erate Teeter teri trite tere eri retire Eanes bree Courses ere 155 1 unt d SG RH Figure 6 34 Update Firmware and Configuration Files screen After making your changes in the fields above press RESET SWITCH TO START UPDATE to initiate the update sequence The fields you can set are TFTP Server Address The IP address of the TFTP server where the runtime switching software or configuration file is located This entry is used only if the Firmware Update is set to Enabled Firmware Update Determines whether or not the Switch will try to look for a runtime image file on the TFTP server File Name The complete path and filename of the runtime image file on your TFTP server to be uploaded to the switch Use Configuration File Toggle to Enabled to use the settings in a configuration text file when the switch 106 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide is reset rebooted The configuration file is explained in detail in the Sample Configuration File Appendix Config File Name The complete path and filename on the TFTP server for configuration file to be used System Utilities The Utilities menu offers three system utility options Ping Test Save settings to TFTP Server and Save Switch History to TFTP Server The following window will be opened Figure 6 35 Utilities menu
84. eld 1 to 4 5 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 16 17 to 20 21 S1P2 or Slot 2 and the desired increment setting in the Update Interval field 2 sec 5 sec 15 sec 30 sec 1 min or Suspend Press CLEAR to reset the counters The statistic counters displayed are defined as follows 64 65 127 128 255 256 511 512 1023 1024 1518 The number of good frames of various length ranges both valid and invalid RX GOOD The number of good frames received This also includes local and dropped packets TX GOOD The number of good frames sent from the respective port Total RX The number of frames received good and bad 120 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide TX Octets The number of good bytes sent from the respective port RX Octets The number of good bytes received This also includes local and dropped packets Total RX The number of bytes received good and bad e Unicast RX Unicast TX The number of good unicast frames received and sent This includes dropped unicast packets e Multicast RX Multicast TX The number of good multicast frames received and sent This includes local and dropped multicast packets e Broadcast RX Broadcast TX The number of good broadcast frames received and sent This includes dropped broadcast packets Browse Address Table The Browse Address Table allows the user to view which Switch port s a specific network device uses to communicate on the ne
85. ement Concepts 37 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 1 10 sec No effect if not Never set greater than Root Bridge Max Age Time 6 40 sec Compete for Root Avoid low number for Bridge if BPDU is unnecessary reset of not received Root Bridge High delays the Max Age lt 2 x change in state Forward Delay 1 Max Age 2 x Hello Time 1 Enable Enable or disable Disable a port for Disable this LAN segment security or problem isolation lower the Increases chance of higher the become Root Port priorit Table 5 1 User selective STA parameter Port Trunking Port trunking is used to combine a number of ports together to make a single high bandwidth data pipeline The participating parts are called members of a trunk group with one port designated as the master of the group Since all members of the trunk group must be configured to operate in the same manner all settings changes made to the master port are applied to all members of the trunk group Thus when configuring the ports in a trunk group you only need to configure the master port The DES 3225G supports 3 trunk groups which may include from 2 to 8 switch ports each except for the third 38 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide trunk group which consists of the 2 ports of the Slot 1 LOOBASE TX or 100BASE FX front panel module The master port for the first group is preset as port
86. en This screen allows you Enable disable Ingress filtering for each port When a packet arrives at the port and Ingress filtering is enabled the port will check the VLAN ID number of the packet and it s own VID s If there is a match the port will receive the packet If the packet doesn t have a VLAN tag or the port is not a member of the VLAN for which the packet is tagged the packet will be discarded Choose Configure Port VLAN ID to access the second item on the 802 1Q VLAN Configuration menu The following Port VLAN assignment screen appears Using the Console Interface 101 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Port SLAB eggioroasrt ret 1 VII SRM Figure 6 31 Port VLAN assignment screen This screen allows you to set a Port VLAN ID number PVID for each port Press CTRL 4S to let the changes take effect Choose Configure Static VLAN Entry to access the third item on the 802 19 VLAN Configuration menu The following 802 1Q Static VLAN Settings screen appears 102 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide ett WLAH Getzzpnog VLAH Happ TEaragcepai APPLE Mery 1E rel actiT VLAH Home DEFLTLT_VLA Dalen osi DB Tiid SG EM Figure 6 32 802 1Q Static VLAN Settings screen The fields you can set are VID Enter a VLAN ID from 2 to 2048 This is the VLAN that will be defined on this screen VLAN Name Description of the VLAN Tag Untag Toggle
87. er When this timer expires and the switch has not observed snooped any IGMP query packets asking whether any stations belong to any Multicast groups the switch itself will send out queries and become the IGMP host on your network e IP Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping This enables disables the switch to intelligently forward IGMP and Multicast packets instead of broadcasting flooding them on all ports This setting also enables Using the Console Interface 91 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide IGMP Snooping which enables the switch to read IGMP packets being forwarded through the switch in order to obtain forwarding information from them learn which ports contain Multicast members Configure 802 1Q IGMP The window which opens after this option is chosen allowsIGMP to operate in conjunction with IEEE 802 1Q VLANs The window is shown below d Choosing Add Remove IGMP Entry allows you to define up to 12 VLANs on the switch which can send and receive IGMP packets Choosing Configure IGMP Control Table allows you to enable disable these agents and set aging timers for them Both windows are shown below Lorem d iF de W700 EEH RLE 92 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide d The above window is used to specify an agent to interface between IGMP and VLAN The agents are assigned toa VLAN and allow IGMP query and report packets to be present on the given VLAN O
88. er expiration of original warranty period When D Link provides replacement then the defective product becomes the property of D Link Warranty service may be obtained by contacting a D Link office within the applicable warranty period and requesting a Return Material Authorization RMA number Ifa Registration Card for the product in question has not been returned to D Link then a proof of purchase such as a copy of the dated purchase invoice must be provided If Purchaser s circumstances require special handling of warranty correction then at the time of requesting RMA number Purchaser may also propose special procedure as may be suitable to the case After an RMA number is issued the defective product must be packaged securely in the original or other suitable shipping package to ensure that it will not be damaged in transit and the RMA number must be prominently marked on the outside of the package The package must be mailed or otherwise shipped to D Link with all costs of mailing shipping insurance prepaid D Link shall never be responsible for any software firmware information or memory data of Purchaser contained in stored on or integrated with any product returned to D Link pursuant to this warranty Any package returned to D Link without an RMA number will be rejected and shipped back to Purchaser at Purchaser s expense and D Link reserves the right in such a case to levy a reasonable handling charge in addition mailing or sh
89. ernet Switch User s Guide a particular VLAN mode either port based 802 1Q or MAC based or to disable VLANs on the switch Please note that the switch can only support either port based VLANs or MAC based VLANs at any given time it cannot support both types of VLANs at the same time You can also access two additional screens Configure MAC Base VLAN and Configure 802 1Q VLAN Choose Configure VLAN on the Configuration menu to access the VLAN Configuration menu pours HAL enz YL Commerce Dt dl VII a AU Figure 6 24 VLAN Configuration The information on the top of the screen is described as follows Current VLAN Mode Displays whether VLANs are currently enabled or disabled on the switch Restart VLAN Mode Choose from three settings for this mode Disabled MAC Base or 802 1Q After restarted Using the Console Interface 95 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide the switch will implement the type of VLANs chosen here Management VID This is the VLAN that will be used for management packets Make sure the switch port that the network management station is connected to isa member of this 802 1Q VLAN VID This should be the first VLAN you create otherwise you may not be able to communicate with the switch Configure MAC Based VLA To create MAC based VLANs simply create the VLAN itself in the Create Remove MAC based VLAN screen and then MAC addresses to the VLAN in the Configure a MAC based
90. ernet slide in module has a 1O000BASE SN fiber port for connecting to another switch The AC power connector is a standard three pronged connector that supports the power cord Plug in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket and the male side of the cord into a power outlet Supported input voltages range from 100 240 VAC at 50 60 Hz Side Panels The right side panel of the Switch contains two system fans see the top part of the diagram below The left side panel contains heat vents Figure 3 4 Side panel views of the Switch 14 Identifying External Components 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The system fans are used to dissipate heat The sides of the system also provide heat vents to serve the same purpose Do not block these openings and leave at least 6 inches of space at the rear and sides of the switch for proper ventilation Be reminded that without proper heat dissipation and air circulation system components might overheat which could lead to system failure Optional Plug in Modules The DES 3225G 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch is able to accommodate a range of plug in modules in order to increase functionality and performance 100BASE TX Module DES 3225G Figure 3 5 100BASE TX two port modul Front panel module Connects to 100Base TX devices at full or half duplex Identifying External Components 15 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide
91. ers The concept of the Spanning Tree Algorithm is a complicated and complex subject and must be fully researched and understood Please read the following before making any changes e Network loop detection and prevention With STA there will be only one path between any two LANs If there is more than one path forwarded packets will loop indefinitely STA detects any looped path and selects the path with the lowest path cost asthe active path while blocking the other path and using it as the backup path Automatic topology re configuration When the path for which there is a backup path fails the backup path will be automatically activated and STA will automatically re configure the network topology STA Operation Levels STA operates on two levels the bridge level and the port level On the bridge level STA calculates the Bridge Identifier for each Switch then sets the Root Bridge and 32 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide the Designated Bridges On the port level STA sets the Root Port and Designated Ports Details are as follows On the Bridge Level Root Bridge Theswitch with the lowest Bridge Identifier is the Root Bridge Naturally you will want the Root Bridge to be the best switch among the switches in the loop to ensure the highest network performance and reliability Bridge Identifier This is the combination of the Bridge Priority a parameter that you can set and
92. es flow control On or Off Flow control can only be used with other IEEE 802 3x compliant devices and in a full duplex connection It is useful during periods of heavy network activity when the Switch s buffers can receive too much traffic and fill up faster than the Switch can forward the information In such cases the Switch will intervene and tell the transmitting device to pause to allow the information in the port buffer to be sent When Auto Negotiation is enabled in the Speed Duplex field above flow control will only be enabled if the connected device can Auto negotiate flow control Confirm that Flow Control isin force by checking the Status field Priority selects Normal High or Low The DES 3225G has two packet queues where incoming packets wait to be processed for forwarding a high priority and low priority queue The high priority queue should only be used for data in which latency can have adverse affects on the function ofan application such as video or audio data where 70 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide latency can produce distorted sounds and images Packets in the low priority queue will not be processed unless the High priority queue is empty Setting the port priority to high will deliver all packets arriving at the port to the high priority queue a low setting will send them all to the low priority queue The Normal settings causes the port to examine the packet
93. etworks A number of high speed LAN technologies are proposed to provide greater bandwidth and improve client server response times Among them Fast Ethernet or 1OOBASE T provides a non disruptive smooth evolution from the current 10BASE T technology The dominating market position virtually guarantee cost effective and high performance Fast Ethernet solutions in the years to come 100Mbps Fast Ethernet is a standard specified by the IEEE 802 3 LAN committee It is an extension of the LOMbps Ethernet standard with the ability to transmit and receive data at 100Mbps while maintaining the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection CSMA CD Ethernet protocol Introduction 1 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Gigabit Ethernet Technolog Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802 3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure format and support for CSMA CD protocol full duplex flow control and management objects but with a tenfold increasein theoretical throughput over 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and a one hundred fold increase over 10Mbps Ethernet Since it is compatible with all 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet environments Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a company s existing investment in hardware software and trained personnel The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet is essential to coping with the network bottlenecks that frequently develop as
94. fies either Slot1 TP1 the Port 1x port or Slot1 TP2 the Port 2x port on the module For single port modules only Slot1 TP1 will be available e State Enables or Disables this port Speed Duplex Selects the desired Speed and Duplex fort the port Possible settings include Auto 100M Full 100M Half 10M Full or 10M Half Choosing Auto enables NWay auto configuration on the port e Flow Control Enables or disables IEEE 802 1x full duplex only flow control on this port See Flow Control in the Configure Ports section above for a more detailed explanation Priority selects Normal High or Low See Priority in the Configure Ports section above for a more detailed explanation 74 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Port Lock When locked automatic learning for all stations connected to this port will stop and entries in the Forwarding Table for all devices residing on this port will age out The only traffic this port will allow is traffic from machines whose MAC address is manually entered in the Static Forwarding Table Broadcast Storm Rising Action selects an action Do Nothing Block Block and Trap for the port when the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold below condition is met See Broadcast Storm Rising Action in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold This setting defines a ceiling for the number
95. filtering information configured into the Switch by local or network management specifying destination addresses which are not allowed to be forwarded The switch will check both the destination and source MAC addresses on all packets To access the Static Filtering Table select Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table from the Configuration menu Then select Configure MAC Address Filtering from the bottom of the Configure Filtering and Forwarding table screen The following screen appears 88 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Eanes bree Beplaee tiiber on both se E eet sr Coreei fet 24 VII DEEM ALU Figure 6 21 Static Filtering Table screen To make a change to the Custom Filtering Table choose Add or Remove in the Action field Then enter the MAC Address and press APPLY Configure Static Multicast Filtering Multicast filtering allows you to block or forward traffic over each port for one multicast group To access the Custom Multicast Filtering Table select Configure Filtering and Forwarding Table from the Configuration menu Then select Configure Permanent Multicast Filtering from the bottom of the Configure Filtering and Forwarding table screen The following screen appears Using the Console Interface 89 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 22 Static Multicast Filtering Tabl screen To make a change to the Static Filtering Table choose Add
96. he same port as where it originated This keeps local packets from disrupting communications on other parts of the network For intrusion control whenever a switch encounters a packet originating from or destined to a MAC address defined by the user the switch will discard the packet Filtering includes 1 Dynamic filtering automatic learning and aging of MAC addresses and their location on the network Filtering occurs to keep local traffic confined to its segment 2 MAC address filtering the manual entry of specific MAC addresses to be filtered from the network 3 Filtering done by the Spanning Tree Protocol which can filter packets based on topology making sure that signal loops don t occur 4 Filtering done for VLAN integrity Packets from a member of a VLAN VLAN 2 for example destined for a device on another VLAN VLAN 3 will be filtered Switch Management Concepts 31 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm STA in the Switch allows you to create alternative paths with multiple switches or other types of bridges in your network These backup paths are idle until the Switch determines that a problem has developed in the primary paths When a primary path is lost theswitch providing the alternative path will automatically go into service with no operator intervention This automatic network reconfiguration provides maximum uptime to network us
97. ificant 72 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide traffic to be let through as early as possible while being low enough sothat broadcast storms are completely eliminated Press CTRL 4S to let the changes take effect If you wish these changes to be the default for the switch return to the main menu and choose Save Changes STP Port State whether the Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled or disabled on this port and Status reflect the current conditions of the port They are read only fields and cannot be changed Configure Slot1 Module This screen allows you to change the port state of the module in slot 1 in the case when you would like to partition a port due to excessive collision or for observation device repair or security reasons Great caution however must be observed when disabling a port since all data passing through the port will be discarded by the switch To change the configuration of the Slotl module shown below Using the Console Interface 73 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide t Cortigurai icr L ibaae TE Hedele present porti Enabled knuto ir Hormal Dagebled Eleechiro Trep 5 J Fi bee Forvardimg Trap te Ji Pkire mc Forest RRERERRE RER RRE ERR ERR EE EN BEER RIER RE EER EE RER E REEL RER ER RER E REEL EE E BEER RER ERR Farggce Aren Dormi 11199 UC Sa bH d Figure 6 13 Slot1 Port Configuration screen Port field speci
98. ion asthe new root This implies that upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer the new root trap is sent out immediately after the Switch s selection as a new root Topology Change A Topology Change trap is sent by the Switch when any of its configured ports transitions from the Learning state to the Forwarding state or from the Forwarding state to the Blocking state The trap is not sent if a new root trap is sent for the same transition Link Change Event This trap is sent whenever the link of a port changes from link up to link down or from link down to link up Port Partition This trap is sent whenever the port state entersthe partition mode or automatic partitioning port disable when more than thirty two collisions occur while transmitting at 10Mbps or more than sixty four collisions occur while transmitting at 100Mbps Broadcast Storm This trap is sent whenever the port reaches the broadcast storm rising or falling threshold MIBs Management information and counters are stored in the Switch in the Management Information Base MIB The Switch uses the standard MIB II Management Information 28 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Base module Consequently values for MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP based network manager software In addition to the standard MIB II the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Inform
99. iority 148 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Switch Priority This is a read only object that containing values from 0 to 65535 This value can be set in the Bridge Priority field and is the priority number of the bridge The value is used in conjunction with the bridge MAC address to set the bridge ID which in turn is used when determining the root bridge of a multi bridged network The root bridge isresponsible for processing data packets when network loops occur The smaller the number set the higher the bridge priority is The higher the bridge priority the more chance the bridge has of becoming the root bridge Zero is the highest priority Hello Time Displays the interval between two transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the root bridge to tell all other switches that it is indeed the root bridge Max Age Read only object indicates the maximum age of STP information learned from the network on any port before it is discarded e Forward Delay Displays the time any port on the Switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state Web Based Network Management 149 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide STP Parameter amp Port Settings i eee Pen Tt in k SES Stress SS JS ze pmm Te batsnl oT Fister all pert la Si pi Fae a TN Bife H Kran Tesedfdet H Beet Make bp 8 gei need Foie ree arr co
100. ipping costs Software Warranty service for software products may be obtained by contacting a D Link office within the applicable warranty period A list of D Link offices is provided at the back of this manual together with a copy of the Registration Card If a Registration Card for the product in question has not been returned to a D Link office then a proof of purchase such as a copy of the dated purchase invoice must be provided when requesting warranty service The term purchase in this software warranty refers to the purchase transaction and resulting license to use such software D Link warrants that its software products will perform in substantial conformance with the applicable product documentation provided by D Link with such software product for a period of ninety 90 days from the date of purchase from D Link or its Authorized Reseller D Link warrants the magnetic media on which D Link provides its software product against failure during the same warranty period This warranty applies to purchased software and to replacement software provided by D Link pursuant to this warranty but shall not apply to any update or replacement which may be provided for download via the Internet or to any update which may otherwise be provided free of charge D Link s sole obligation under this software warranty shall be to replace any defective software product with product which substantially conforms to D Link s applicable product doc
101. is rebooted when a console session is timed out when a new link is established and when configuration is save to flash memory To display the Switch History screen choose Network Monitoring from the main menu and then choose Switch History The following screen appears 124 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide switch Hagrtcen Time 12 dH hya ighi Coresi d Pr VII SG RH Figure 6 48 Switch History screen The switch history entries are listed sequentially from the last time the Switch was rebooted Use the following keys to move around the screen above N Page down P Page up B Begin E End and C Clear Log CTRL R will refresh the screen Resetting the Switch You can use the console interface to reset the Switch either performing aRestart System which restarts the Switch and is identical to powering the Switch off and on again or a Factory Reset which sets all of the Switch s parametersto what they were when the Switch was purchased Using the Console Interface 125 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Restart System To perform a system reset choose Restart System from the main menu Please note there is no confirmation query before the system is rebooted Corea d SH Hii SLE EH Figure 6 49 Restart System screen Factory Reset Before performing a factory reset be absolutely certain that this is what you want to do Once the factory
102. ket to server 3 Egress port tagging tags packet with VID __ arama 2 Ingress port untagging E gl forwards packet on VLAN 2 DES 3225G SWITCH 1 1 Station in VLAN 2 CJ O transmits packet to ESS fe Server 2 In the above example step 4is the key element Because the packet has 802 1Q VLAN data encoded in it s header the ingress port can make VLAN based decisions about its delivery whether server 2 is attached to a port thatisa member of VLAN 2 and thus should the packet be delivered the queuing priority to give to the packet etc It can also perform these functions for VLAN 1 packets as well and in fact for any tagged packet it receives regardless of the VLAN number If the ingress port instep 4 were connected to a non 802 1Q compliant device and was thus receiving untagged 48 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide packets it would tag its own PVID onto the packet and use this information to make forwarding decisions Thus the packets coming from the non compliant device would automatically be placed on the ingress ports VLAN and could only communicate with other ports that are members of this VLAN Broadcast Storms Broadcast storms are a common problem on today s networks Basically they consist of broadcast packets that flood and or
103. kets are flowing out of the switch either to another switch or to an end station and tagging decisions must be made If an egress port is connected to an 802 1Q compliant switch tagging should be enabled so the other switch can take VLAN data into account when making forwarding decisions If an egress connection is to a non compliant switch or end station tags should be stripped so the now normal Ethernet packet can be read by the receiving device 46 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VLANs Over 802 1Q compliant Switches When switches maintaining the same VLANs are 802 1Q compliant it is possible to use tagging Tagging puts 802 1Q VLAN information into each packet header enabling other 802 1Q compliant switches that receive the packet to know how to treat it Upon receiving a tagged packet an 802 1Q compliant switch can use the information in the packet header to maintain the integrity of VLANs carry out priority forwarding etc Data transmissions between 802 1Q compliant switches take place as shown below Switch Management Concepts 47 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VLAN 1 vi 5 Z Mala l I AU ol Server 1 Server 2 5 Egress port untagging strips tag 4 Ingress port tagging reads tag forwards pac
104. ks Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the previous generation of network bridges which were characterized by higher latencies Routers have also been used tosegment local area networks but the cost of a router and the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical Today s switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area network congestion problems Features The DES 3225G Switch was designed for easy installation and high performance in an environment where traffic on the network and the number of users increase continuously Switch features include Ports 24 high performance NWay ports all operating at 10 100 Mbps for connecting to end stations servers and hubs 22 MDI X 10 100 Ethernet UTP ports and 2 MDI II Uplink ports 4 Introduction 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide All ports can auto negotiate NWay between 10Mbps 1LOOMbps half duplex or full duplex and flow control One rear panel slide in module interface for a 1 port 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet module for connecting to another switch One slide in module interface in the front panel for 1 or 2 port 10 100M Ethernet connection Three modules are available 2 ports TX module 2 ports FX MT RJ type module and 1 port FX SC type module RS 232 DCE Diagnostic port console port for setting up and managing the Switch via a connection toa console terminal or PC using a terminal emul
105. l eg Forwarding 9 Click Apply to let your changes take effect 134 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Port Mirroring Ab r 8 oT The Switch allows you to copy frames transmitted and received on a port and redirect the copies to another port You can attach a monitoring device to the mirrored port such as a sniffer or an RMON probe to view details about the packets passing through the first port To configure a mirror port select Enabled from the Port mirroring in pull down list In the next field select the Source Port from where you want to copy frames In the last field select the Target Port which receives the copies from thesource port Thisisthe port where you will connect a monitoring troubleshooting device such as a sniffer or an RMON probe Click Apply to let the changes take effect Note You cannot mirror a fast port onto a slower port For example if you try to mirror the traffic from a 100 Mbps port onto a 10 Mbps port this Web Based Network Management 135 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide can cause throughput problems The port you are copying frames from should always support an equal or lower speed than the port to which you are sending the copies Also the target port for the mirroring cannot be a member of a trunk group Switch Settings Basic Oe D be ie eres D e 3 A a A A e WM Seni rem Ten bes Le ee oe rt 2 Leet ee ed ee
106. le to another VLAN the marketing VLAN This allows VLANs to accommodate network moves changes and additions with the utmost flexibility 40 Switch Management Concepts 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VLANs can also provide a level of security to your network MAC based VLANs will only deliver packets between stations that are members of the VLAN Port based VLANs allow you to configure ports to not accept packets from outside of the VLAN The untagging feature of IEEE 802 1Q VLANs allow VLANs to work with legacy switches that don t recognize VLAN tags in packet headers The tagging feature allows VLANs tospan multiple 802 1Q compliant switches through a single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally MAC based VLANs The DES 3225G supports up to 12 MAC based VLANs which are by their nature limited to the switch itself and the devices connected to it Two key features inherent in MAC based VLANs are flexibility and security Since MAC addresses are hard wired into a station s network interface card NIC MAC based VLANs enable network managers to move a station to a different physical location on the network and have that station automatically retain its VLAN membership This provides the network with a high degree of flexibility since even notebook PC s can plug into any available portona network and communicate with the same people and use the same resource
107. le to access the Add Modify Permanent Address Table Entry window Web Based Network Management 141 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Cai Ti j wj E GES SY Ben Regen Sp ee ee at To use the MAC forwarding function check either the Add Modify to the table option button or the Delete from the table option button enter the MAC address of the device to which the specified port permanently forwards traffic in the Destination MAC Address field and enter the port number that permanently forwards traffic from the specified device in the Destination Port Number field Then click Apply The information in the screen is described as follows Add Modify to the table Delete from the table Choose one of the desired options to add modify or delete an entry from the table Destination MAC Address The MAC address of the device to which thespecified port permanently forwards traffic e Destination Port Number The port number that permanently forwards traffic from the specified 142 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide device regardless of the device s network activity or current network congestion Permanent Multicast Filtering isas ban b et e H at Permanent multicast filtering allows the Switch to decide which ports should receive multicast traffic from a specific multicast MAC address Click the pointer icon on the right side of the table to access th
108. m bis 6A und einem Ger tegewicht order 3kg ist eine Leitung nicht leichter als HO5VV F 3G 0 75mm2 einzusetzen WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE IF THE D LINK PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE THE CUSTOMER S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE AT D LINK S OPTION REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE D LINK NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF D LINK S PRODUCTS D LINK SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY THE CUSTOMER S OR ANY THIRD PERSON S MISUSE NEGLECT IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE OR BY ACCIDENT FIRE LIGHTNING OR OTHER HAZARD LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IN NO EVENT WILL D LINK BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA LOSS OF PROFITS COST OF COVER OR OTHER INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES ARISING OUT THE INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE USE PERFORMANCE FAILURE OR INTERRUPTION OF A D LINK PRODUCT HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY THIS LIMITATION WILL APPLY EVEN IF D L
109. members of the VLAN port group Web Based Network Management 157 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Configure 802 1Q VLA i wl e beam m L Bel Ce ii Use this window to assign a default VLAN ID for each desired port Click Apply to let the settings take effect 158 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide d ne Sd CS i Use this window to enable or disable the ingress filtering check for each desired port Ingress filtering means that a receiving port will check to see if it is a member of the VLAN ID in the packet before forwarding the packet Click Apply to let the settings take effect 159 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide E Ek has ise i ai Click the pointer icon on the right hand side to access the Configure 802 1Q VLAN Entry window 160 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide To configure an 802 1Q VLAN entry check the desired option in the first two lines of the screen above and enter a VID number and Description Next check Tag option for each member port you wish to be a Tagging port In the bottom two lines None should be checked if you don t want a port to belong to the VLAN Otherwise check Egress to statically set a port to belong to a VLAN Click Apply to let the changes take effect Trunk jb WE Pen ee ep Fe D x a E Vi ebe 2 cb rei
110. nd nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10 100 or 10 100 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet Fast Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC and most routers The RJ 45 UTP ports on NICs and most routersare MDI II When using a normal straight through cable an MDI II port must connect to an MDI X port An end node can be connected to the Switch via a two pair Category 3 4 5 UTP STP straight cable be sure to use Category 5 UTP or STP cabling for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet connections The end node should be connected to any of the twenty two ports 1x 22x of the DES 3225G or to either of the two 100BASE TX ports on the front panel module that came preinstalled on the switch An end node should not be connected to an Uplink port unless using a crossover cable and if the top Uplink port is in use Port 20 Connecting The Switch 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 1X must remain vacant if the bottom Uplink port is in use Port 2X cannot be used DES 3225G DES 32256 a a E a E a e UP ha O mia Ea T SE Dlink 0 RJ 45 JACK Figure 4 1 Switch connected to an End Nod The LED indicators for the port the end node is connected to are lit according to the capabilities of the NIC If LED indicators are not illuminated after making a proper connection check the PC s LAN card the cabl
111. nen l ngeren Zeitraum nicht benutzt sollten Sie es vom Stromnetz trennen Somit wird im Falle einer berspannung eine Besch digung vermieden Durch die L ftungs ffnungen d rfen niemals Gegenst nde oder Fl ssigkeiten in das Ger t gelangen Dies k nnte einen Brand bzw Elektrischen Schlag ausl sen ffnen Sie niemals das Ger t Das Ger t darf aus Gr nden der elektrischen Sicherheit nur von authorisiertem Servicepersonal ge ffnet werden Wenn folgende Situationen auftreten ist das Ger t vom Stromnetz zu trennen und von einer qualifizierten Servicestelle zu berpr fen a Netzkabel oder Netzstecker sint besch digt b Fl ssigkeit ist in das Ger t eingedrungen c Das Ger t war Feuchtigkeit ausgesetzt d Wenn das Ger t nicht der Bedienungsanleitung ensprechend funktioniert oder Sie mit Hilfe dieser Anleitung keine Verbesserung erzielen e Das Ger t ist gefallen und oder das Geh use ist besch digt f Wenn das Ger t deutliche Anzeichen eines Defektes aufweist Bei Reparaturen d rfen nur Orginalersatzteile bzw den Orginalteilen entsprechende Teile verwendet werden Der Einsatz von ungeeigneten Ersatzteilen kann eine weitere Besch digung hervorrufen Wenden Sie sich mit allen Fragen die Service und Repartur betreffen an Ihren Servicepartner Somit stellen Sie die Betriebssicherheit des Ger tes sicher 18 Zum NetzanschluB amp dieses Ger tes ist eine gepr fte Leitung zu verwenden Fur einen Nennstro
112. nfiguration Choose Configuration to access the first item on the DES 3225G main menu The following menu appears Gage 1h 8 vi Fegpn GC 62 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 7 Configuration menu You will need to change some settings to allow you to be able to manage the Switch from an SNMP based Network Management System such asSNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the TELNET protocol See the next chapter for Web based network management information Configure IP Address The Switch needs to have an IP address assigned to it so that an In Band network management system or TELNET client can find it on the network The IP Configuration screen allows you to change the settings for the two different interfaces used on the Switch the Ethernet interface used for in band communication and the SLIP interface used over the console port for out of band communication Choose Configure IP Address to access the first item on the Configuration menu The following screen appears D Farggce Aren Gas bm dategli Leger timi ko a oie beret EE et eork j Caee kgi1EB vim FEH d Using the Console Interface 63 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 8 IP Configuration screen The fields listed under the Current Settings heading are those that are currently being used by the switch Those fields listed under the Restart Settings heading are those which
113. ng your Switch simply run the browser you have installed on your computer and point it to the IP address you have defined for the device The URL in the address bar should read something like http 123 123 123 123 where the numbers 123 represent the IP address of the switch In the page that opens click on the Login to DES 3225G Web based Management button This opens the main page in the management module Web Based Network Management 129 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The top of the main page has a button labeled Click Here to Load Panel imer nera is Bosad Pranal a E ALWayEthentenawiteh a Clicking on this button causes an interactive view of the Switch s front panel to be shown in the top portion of the window Clicking on one of the Ports opens a configuration window for that particular port The main page contains a list of buttons along the top of it labeled Configure Switch Configure Management Monitor Reset and Update Save Changes and Help These are the major categories for Switch management Clicking on one of the first four categories causes a list of options to appear in the left panel of the main window The switch management features available in the web based are explained below Configure Switch This first category includes IP Settings Port Settings Port Mirroring Switch Settings Basic and Advanced Filtering and Forwarding Table Configure Permanent Address Table
114. nly 12 agents can exist on the switch at any one time Corea ATI PE VII SEH RU Items in the above window are described below Action Adds Removes an entry agent from the table VID The VLAN number that you wish to create an agent for Apply Adds the agent to the table Go back to the Configure 802 1Q IGMP window and choose Configure IGMP Control Table shown below in order to activate deactivate the agents and configure settings for them Using the Console Interface 93 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Gaig Cul Tie zenamrREn RER ER RTE ER RER EE RER ER SIE E EIERE EE EE RER EE RER ER EIER ER ER EE terre RER ERR Earra bree Eescher IR x VII SB RUE Items in the above window are defined as follows VLAN ID This is the VID number for the VLAN that has an agent attached to it which enables IGMP packets to be sent and received Age out Timer If no IGMP query packet has arrived at the switch before this timer has expired the switch will become the IGMP host for this VLAN IGMP Status Activates deactivates the agent on this VLAN Configure VLAN If you are unsure about your knowledge of VLANs please review the VLAN section in the Switch Management Concepts chapter of this manual before configuring the switch for VLANs The VLAN Configuration menu displays the status of the current VLAN mode and allows a user to restart switch in 94 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Eth
115. o the console manager Clicking the Next Page hyperlink at the bottom of the screen will allow you to display the complete Switch Traps Log The information is described as follows Sequence Order in which each log entry was received Time The time the log entry was received Log Text Event information pertaining to each log entry Web Based Network Management 177 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Reset and Update The fourth category includes Reboot Switch Reset to Factory Default Update Firmware Change Configuration File Upload Configure File and Upload Log File Reboot Switch i 2822222 se Ser tis Mel zz 7 O E KEE ie en Drot sirr Er m rg dl mm mnha Ber zunn m br ke Wein bien DEST BEE h R oe es To perform a reboot of the Switch which resets the system click the Reboot Now button 178 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Reset to Factory Default hess ge emi fe Re eer ee i besi Ersa r Pasan Jaded Lens r Ste Ch e Doing a remote reset is equivalent to turning the Switch off and on again All parameters are returned to the values stored in EEPROM Click the Reset to Factory Default to reset the Switch Web Based Network Management 179 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Update Firmware eo Dalii Thi Haas Ra d SEI d ps zb CR ad To update firmware fill in the reques
116. of broadcast packets per second on this port See Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast Storm Falling Action This setting will be activated when the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold and then the Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold below is met This setting can be configured to Do Nothing Forward or Forward and Trap See Broadcast Storm Falling Action in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold This setting defines the number of broadcast packets per second on this port which will trigger the Broadcast Storm Falling Action above See Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Press CTRL S to have the changes take effect Using the Console Interface 75 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide STP Port State and Status reflect the current conditions of the port They are read only fields and cannot be changed Configure Slot2 Module This screen allows you to change the port state of the optional 1000BASE SX modulein slot 2 Thisis useful in the case when you would like to partition a port due to excessive collision or for observation device repair or security reasons Great caution however must be observed when disabling a port since all data passing through the port will be discarded by the
117. of these LED indicators follows see the LED Indicators section below 12 Identifying External Components 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide An RS 232 DCE console port for setting up and managing the switch via a connection to a console terminal or PC using a terminal emulation program A front panel slide in module slot for 10 100 Mbps Ethernet portscan accommodate a Zpoort 10 100BASE TX Fast Ethernet module a _ 2 port 100BASE FX MT RJ type module or a 1 port 1OOBASE F X SC type module Two MDI II Uplink jacks which can be used to connect a straight through cable to a normal non Uplink port on a switch or hub Do not use port 1X if the top Uplink port is occupied or Port 2X if the bottom Uplink port is occupied Twenty two high performance NWay Ethernet ports all of which operate at 10 100 Mbps for connections to end stations servers and hubs All ports can auto negotiate between 10Mbps or 100Mbps full or half duplex and flow control Rear Panel The rear panel of the switch consists of a slotfor an optional Gigabit Ethernet fiber port and an AC power connector The following displays the rear panel of the switch O o E Figure 3 2 Rear panel view of the Switch Identifying External Components 13 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 3 3 Rear panel view of the Switch fitted with the optional Gigabit Ethernet slide in modul The optional Gigabit Eth
118. on Untagging is used to send packets from an 802 1Q compliant switch to a non compliant device Switch Management Concepts 45 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Ingress port A port on a switch where packets are flowing into theswitch and VLAN decisionsmust be made Basically the switch examines VLAN information in the packet header if present and decides whether to forward the packet If the packet is tagged with VLAN information the ingress port will first determine if the ingress port itself is a member of the tagged VLAN and can thus receive the packet if the Ingress Filter is enabled and then it decides if the destination port is a member of the VLAN Assuming both ports are members of the tagged VLAN the packet will be forwarded If the packet doesn t have VLAN information in its header is untagged the ingress port first determines if the ingress port itself can receive the packet if the Ingress Filter is enabled will tag it with its own PVID if it defined as a tagging port and check to see if the destination port is on thesame VLAN asits own PVID and can thus receive the packet If Ingress filtering is disabled and the destination port is a member of the VLAN used by the ingress port the packet will be forwarded If the ingress port is an untagging port it will only check the filter condition if the ingress filter is enabled before forwarding the packet Egress port A port on a switch where pac
119. on the VLAN IGMP Status Enables disables IGMP on this VLAN Up to 12 VLANs can be enabled to hangle IGMP packets at any one time 154 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide VLAN VLAN mode allows you to construct a port group as well as to reduce traffic Broadcast and multicast packets are limited to members of the VLAN Configure VLAN Mode Ab si ZA i To use the VLAN mode select MAC Base or 802 1Q under Restart VLAN Mode otherwise leave the setting at Disabled Then specify the VLAN ID number in the SNMP VLAN 1 2047 field and click Apply Web Based Network Management 155 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Configure MAC Based VLA Sg baw adi Tae Sa Click the pointer icon on the right hand side to access the Add Delete MAC Based VLAN window 156 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 0 3 A a a A oe OU See eS e Gd Me eee A akamii a To add or delete a MAC based VLAN table entry check the desired option in the first two lines of the window above enter the Current MAC based VLAN in the field offered and click Apply The MAC based VLAN description must be the same as that used in the port member group to enable the VLAN function If the source address is the same as the MAC address and the destination is unknown broadcast or multicast then the packet will be flooded to all
120. oose Browse IGMP Status The following screen appears fuerte EAI Lo Mirinas HIC Addzesg DLOISRONIOL Kaporta 1 Porta Coreei 3 S VII SE EM Figure 6 47 IP Multicast Information screen This screen displays the number of IGMP queries and reports for each active IP multicast group detected by the Switch You can also view which Switch ports support each multicast group The fields displayed are defined as follows IGMP Snooping Indicates whether IGMP snooping is Enabled or Disabled Age out Timer Displays the time the Switch waits between IGMP queries Using the Console Interface 123 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide e Multicast Group The Multicast IP address of the Multicast group being displayed MAC Address The Multicast MAC address of the multicast group being displayed Queries TX The number of IGMP requests sent by the switch Queries RX The number of IGMP requests that have arrived at a switch port Reports The number of notifications sent from each station to the IGMP host signifying that the station is still or wants to be part of a multicast group Ports The Switch ports supporting the selected multicast group Switch History The Network Monitoring menu allows the user to view the Switch history This works like a trap and event receiver except it only captures trap events generated by the Switch itself For example the switch history includes when the system
121. oot the Switch for console port settings to take effect Web Based Network Management 165 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The default serial port settings are Baud Rate 9600 Data Bits 8 Flow Control X on X off Parity None Stop Bits 1 The information is described as follows e Port Settings The options for the current console port setting are Console or SLIP Console Time Out Choose Never 15 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes or 60 minutes for the desired refresh setting Baud Rate Determines the serial port bit rate that will be used the next time the Switch is restarted Applies only when the serial port is being used for out of band SLIP management it does not apply when the port is used for the console port Available speeds are 2400 9600 19 200 and 38 400 bits per second The default setting in this Switch version is 9600 Monitor This third category includes Switch Overview Port Statistics Traffic Errors Packet Analysis and Utilization Browse Address Table Browse IGMP Status and Switch History 166 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Switch Overview The information is described as follows Update Interval Choose the desired setting 2 seconds 5 seconds 15 seconds 30 seconds 60 seconds or Suspend Port The selected port to be monitored TX frames sec Counts the total number of frames transmitted from a selected port
122. or Remove in the Action field Then enter the MAC Address and press lt space bar gt for the corresponding Port number in one of the five fields 1 6 7 14 15 22 S1 and S2 Press APPLY to put the change into effect Configure IGMP Filtering Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP allows Multicasting on your network When IP Multicast Filtering is enabled the Switch can intelligently forward rather that broadcasting IGMP queries and reports sent between devices connected to the switch and an IGMP enabled device hosting IGMP on your network When enabled for IGMP snooping the Switch can open or close a port toa specific Multicast group member based on IGMP messages sent from the device to the IGMP host or vice versa Basically in these submenus you define whether the switch can intelligently forward IGMP packets and you 90 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide must also define which 802 1Q VLANs if present can send and receive IGMP and Multicast packets To access the IGMP Configuration screen choose Configure IGMP Filtering from the Configuration menu The follow screen appears AF Cont igaratiot Deanre Bete irae zene ona 1 ar bRngeR aen IF Bulticagt Filtering kge oot Timar i IT Bulticagt Filtering Cap Snooping Corea ii oy Whoo SE BHT RU Figure 6 23 IGMP Configuration screen Items in the above window are defined as follows IP Multicast Filtering Age out Tim
123. orm Rising Threshold This setting defines a ceiling for the number of broadcast packets per second on this port See Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast Storm Falling Action This setting will be activated when the Broadcast Storm Rising Threshold and then the Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold below is met This setting can be Using the Console Interface 77 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide configured to Do Nothing Forward or Forward and Trap See Broadcast Storm Falling Action in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold This setting defines the number of broadcast packets per second on this port which will trigger the Broadcast Storm Falling Action above See Broadcast Storm Falling Threshold in the Configure Ports section of this manual for a more detailed explanation Press CTRL S to have the changes take effect STP Port State and Status reflect the current conditions of the port They are read only fields and cannot be changed Configure Port Mirroring The switch allows you to copy framestransmitted and received on a port and redirect the copies to another port You can attach a monitoring device to the mirrored port such as a sniffer or an RMON probe to view details about the packets passing through the first port This is useful for network moni
124. ot been received from the Root Bridge your Switch will start sending its own BPDU to all other Switches for permission to become the Root Bridge If it turns out that your Switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier it will become the Root Bridge Bridge Forward Delay The Forward Delay can be from 4 to 30 seconds This is the time any port on the Switch spendsin the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state Observe the following formulas when you set the above parameters 1 Max Age 2x Forward Delay 1 second 2 Max Age 2x Hello Time 1 second Port Priority A Port Priority can be from 0 to 255 The lower the number the greater the probability the port will be chosen as the Root Port Switch Management Concepts 35 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Illustration of STA Asimple illustration of three Bridges or the Switch connected in a loopis depicted in Figure 5 1 In this example you can anticipate some major network problems if the STA assistance is not applied For instance if Bridge 1 broadcasts a packet to Bridge 2 Bridge 2 will broadcast it to Bridge 3 and Bridge 3 will broadcast it to Bridge Land so on The broadcast packet will be passed indefinitely in a loop causing a serious network failure To alleviate network loop problems STA can be applied as shown in Figure 5 2 In this example STA breaks the loop by blocking the connection between Bridge 1 and
125. p Q priority tag 69 IEEE 802 1Q port based VLAN Sindee as aie 97 IEEE 802 1Q tagging 39 IEEE 802 1Q VLANS 40 89 IGMP packets eeeeeeeeeeee 88 IGMP query and report packets91 IGMP snooping oseese 88 IGMP Snoopntng 119 197 Illustration of STA ou 35 Ingress Filtering 0 0 0 97 Ingress port 00 eeeeeeeeeee 45 Internet Group Management Protocol OOMP 88 IP address 62 109 IP Address 26 IP Addresses and SNMP Community Names 26 IP Confeurapon 6l IP Multicast Filtering IGMP Fnoopimng 89 IP Multicast Filtering Age out Tie zeen develo oie 89 J Jabber sanninna wie 115 L Last Seen MAC 113 Late Collisions ceeeee 115 LED Indicators ceeeees 18 LINK ACt Lo nnne oe 19 load balancing 0 0 eeeeeeeee 39 Local console management 24 Lock Address Table 83 LOSI sos eee eth Aue sets 57 Logging on 52 o7 01 i i ris cits S 123 M MAC Address 85 96 120 MAC Address Aeng 84 MAC address filtering 31 MAC Address Learning 183 MAC Rx Errors MAC Received Errors ateei 115 198 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide MAC Based VLAN MAC Assigenment seneese 95 MAC based VLANS 39 40 93 Setting up 41 Main Mem 54 Management 6 Management Information Base MIB faeces ee AN 28 Management NI 93 Master 2u rdergcie Auger 9 101 Master DOT censes eee 37 Max Age eee eee 34 79 Max Age Tme eee 37 I
126. packet to be held in memory until the port is free the packet destined for Port 3 will also be delayed even though the port may be free Cumulatively these delays can have a noticeable effect on overall network performance Enabling HOL Blocking Prevention prevents Head of Line blocking from occurring meaning that the packet destined for Port 3 gets delivered immediately Configure Ports The port configuration screen allows you to change the port state in the case when you would like to partition a port due to excessive collision or for observation device repair or security reasons Great caution however must be observed when partitioning a port you should make sure that the partitioned port is not being used as the port to control or monitor the condition of other devices Commi LE 28 vi wm Sano BHAT dh Figure 6 12 Port Configuration screen Using the Console Interface 69 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Items in the above window are defined as follows Port Specifies the port 1 22 all that will be configured When all is chosen the settings you configure will be applied to all UTP ports State Enables or Disables the port This amounts to turning the port on or off Speed Duplex Selects the desired Speed and Duplex fort the port Possible settings include Auto 100M Full 100M Half 10M Full or 10M Half Choosing Auto enables NWay auto configuration on the port Flow Control Toggl
127. per heat dissipation from and adequate ventilation around the switch Do not place heavy objects on the switch Desktop or Shelf Installation When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf the rubber feet included with the device should first be attached Attach these cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device Allow adequate space for ventilation between the device and the objects around it 8 Unpacking and Setup 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide DES 3225G Figure 2 1 Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation The DES 3225G can be mounted in an EIA standard sized 19 inch rack which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment To install attach the mounting brackets on the switch s side panels one on each side and secure them with the screws provided Figure 2 2A Attaching the mounting brackets to the switch Then use the screws provided with the equipment rack to mount the switch on the rack Unpacking and Setup 9 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide 0 ob bo 0 Figure 2 2B Installing the switch on an equipment rack Power on The DES 3225G switch can be used with AC power supply 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz The power switch is located at the rear of the unit adjacent to the AC power connector and the system fan The switch s power supply will adjust to the local power source automatically and may be
128. per second since the Switch was last rebooted RX frames sec Counts all valid frames received on the port per second since the Switch was last rebooted e of Utilization This shows the percentage of available bandwidth each portis using over the amount of time specified by the update interval Web Based Network Management 167 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide For example when a 10 Mbps port is relaying packets at 5 Mbps the utilization is 50 Port Statistics The port statistics shown by default are those for the port you last configured Once in the Port Statistics screens you can click any port on the switch graphic toshow statistics for that port Click the Reset Counter button at the bottom of the screen to clear the counters Traffic The information is described as follows e Link Status Indicates whether the port is online and working On or not Off 168 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Utilization Current utilization for the port as a percentage of total available bandwidth Last Screen MAC The MAC address of the most recent screen Traffic in Bytes e Bytes Sent Counts the number of bytes successfully sent from the port e Bytes Received Counts the total number of bytes octets included in valid readable frames e Total Bytes Received Counts the total number of bytes received on the port whether in valid or invali
129. permission to become the Root Bridge If it turns out that your Switch has the lowest Bridge Identifier it will become the Root Bridge STP State The Spanning Tree Protocol state for a selected port can either be Enabled or Disabled Cost The Path Cost is a changeable parameter and may be modified according to the Spanning Tree Algorithm specification The 100Mbps segment has an assigned Path Cost of 10 and each 10Mbps segment has an assigned Path Cost of 100 e Priority Port Priority is a read write object that can be set from 0 to 255 This is the priority number of the port The lower the port priority the more chance the bridge has of becoming the root port Zero is the highest priority Web Based Network Management 151 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide IGMP Filtering IGMP Settings D be ja pewar es d e 3 a SR Ab e g HD Emsi Eme ee eg Fe ee bes iem iesst her n eme d Los ee 3 kale egen IF bieba can E srgg Lg ren ss IF bika oot Ferag SUF enne Se C Lame m i nr ri e A Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP snooping allows the Switch to recognize IGMP queries and reports sent between network stations or devices and an IGMP host When enabled for IGMP snooping the Switch can open or close a port to a specific device based on IGMP messages passing through the switch To configure the IGMP enter a value between 30 and 9999 seconds in the IP Multic
130. port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Cormac 21 Sa VII SEH RU Figure 6 19 Configure Filtering and Forwarding table screen The following fields at the top of the screen can be set 86 Lock Address Table Stops Auto Learning Mostly used for security purposes when the forwarding table is locked the Switch will no longer learn the MAC addresses for new hosts If your network configuration doesn t change locking the forwarding table helps keep intruders off your network since any packet coming from an unknown source address will be dropped by the Switch Address Table Lookup Mode This setting allows the user to tailor the MAC address look up procedure Choices are Level 0 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 The higher the level the more MAC addresses can be learned by the Switch However aside effectis that throughput will be degraded the higher the level you select Default is the lowest setting offered Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide MAC Address Aging Enter the desired MAC address age out time in this field 10 to 9999 seconds Please refer to the Packet Forwarding section of the Switch Management Concepts chapter of this manual for more detailed information Configure Static Forwarding Table The Static Forwarding Table displays a list of manually defined static MAC address entries To access the Custom Forwarding Table choose
131. ppear once in the configuration file If both the Firmware Update and Use Configuration file options are enabled the Firmware Update command will take precedence and only the firmware file will be uploaded to the switch The Config image file which contains all configuration settings and was created by the switch is prefixed with the version number of the runtime software to help with file management Sample Config File Code_type PROM Image_file e 3225 3225prom tfp specify IP address Ip_addr 10 12 19 102 specify subnet mask Subnet_mask 255 128 0 0 specify default gateway Default_gateway 10 254 254 253 192 Sample Configuration File 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide RUNTIME SWITCHING SOFTWARE DEFAULT SETTINGS Load Mode Ethernet Configuration update Disable Firmware update Disable Configuration file name Firmware file name Out of band baud rate 9600 RS232 mode Console IP address 0 0 0 0 Subnet mask 0 0 0 0 Default router 0 0 0 0 BootP service Enable TFTP server IP address 0 0 0 0 IGMP time out 300 secs IGMP capture state Disable Partition mode Enable Address table lock Disable Device HOL Disable Port HOL Enable Console time out 15 min User name admin Password admin Device STP Disable Port STP Enable Runtime Switching Software Default Settings 193 24 port
132. r 3 Identifying External Components Describes the front panel rear panel optional plug in modules and LED indicators of the Switch About This Guide v 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Chapter 4 Connecting the Switch Tells how you can connect the DE S 3225G to your Ethernet network e Chapter 5 Switch Management Talks about Local Console Management via the RS 232 DCE console port and other aspects about how to manage the Switch Chapter 6 Using the Console Interface Tells how to use the built in console interface to change set and monitor Switch performance and security Chapter 7 Web Based Network Management Tells how to manage the Switch through an Internet browser Appendix A Technical Specifications Lists the technical specifications of the DE S 3225G Appendix B RJ 45 Pin Specifications Shows the details and pin assignments for the RI 45 receptacle connector Appendix C Sample Configuration File Appendix D Runtime Switching Software Default Settings vi About This Guide 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide INTRODUCTION This section describes the features of the Switch as well as giving some background information about E thernet F ast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet and switching technology Fast Ethernet Technolog The growing importance of LANs and the increasing complexity of desktop computing applications are fueling the need for high performance n
133. revention of network loops Fully configurable either in band or out of band control via SNMP based software Flash memory for software upgrades This can be done in band via TFTP or out of band via the console Built in SNMP management Bridge MIB RFC 1493 RMON MIB RFC 1757 and MIB II RFC 1213 Introduction 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide UNPACKING AND SETUP This chapter provides unpacking and setup information for the Switch Unpacking Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents The cartonshould contain the following items One DES 3225G 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch One 2 port 100BASE TX Fast Ethernet module preinstalled on front panel DE S 3225GF includes a 1 port 100BASE F X module preinstalled Mounting kit 2 mounting brackets and screws Four rubber feet with adhesive backing One AC power cord This User s Guide CD ROM with a Registration Card Unpacking and Setup 7 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide If any item is found missing or damaged please contact your local D Link reseller for replacement Installation Use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch The surface must support at least 5 kg The power outlet should be within 1 82 meters 6 feet of the device Visually inspect the power cord and see that itis secured to the AC power connector Make sure that there is pro
134. riority isa read write object that can be set from 0 to 65535 This is the priority number of the bridge The value is used in conjunction with the bridge MAC address to set the bridge ID which in turn is used when determining the root bridge of a multibridged network The root bridge is responsible for processing data packets when network loops occur The smaller the number set the higher the bridge priority is The higher the bridge priority the more chance the bridge has of becoming the root bridge Zero is the highest priority Using the Console Interface 83 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide STP Port Contro To change the parameters on individual ports 1 Choose Configure Spanning Tree Protocol from the Configuration menu 2 Choose STP Port Control from the Configure Spanning Tree Protocol menu The following screen appears Spenniag Tres Preocol Cugten Seething STP Sra Drar Enabled gt Enableg Snabled Enabled aj blaj Tneklad gt Eraklag gt Enak lad tna led 4 E E a 14 it L osi 2 00h 34 Whoo BH RU Figure 6 18 Spanning Tree Protocol Custom Settings screen Items in the above window are described as follows STP State Enables or disables the Spanning Tree Protocol on a particular port Cost 1 65535 Defines the cost for the connection e Priority 0 255 Port Priority is a read write object that can be set from 0 to 255 This is the priority number of the port The
135. s A VCCI Class A BSMI Class A C Tick Class A UL CSA CE Mark TUV GS Performance Transmission Method Store and forward RAM Buffer 12 MB per device Filtering Address 12K MAC address per device Table Packet Filtering Full wire speed for all connections Forwarding Rate 148 800pps per port for 100Mbps MAC Address Automatic update Learning Forwarding Table Age Max age 10 9999 seconds Time Default 300 Technical Specifications 187 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide RJ 45 PIN SPECIFICATION When connecting the DES 3225G Switch to another switch a bridge or a hub a modified crossover cableis necessary Please review these products for matching cable pin assignment The following diagram and table show the standard RJ 45 receptacle connector and their pin assignments for the switch to network adapter card connection and the straight crossover cable for the Switch to switch hub bridge connection 12545678 a Za Figure B 1 The standard RJ 45 receptacle connector 188 RJ 45 Pin Specification 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide RJ 45 Connector pin assignment Signal BL ee CH EH Table B 1 The standard Category 3 cable RJ 45 pin assignment The following shows straight cable and crossover cable connection Figure B 2 Straight cable for Switch uplink MDI II port to switch Hub or other devices connection Figure B 3 Crossover cabl for Swi
136. s displayed are defined as follows TX sec The number of good bytes sent from the respective port per second e RX sec The number of good bytes received per second This also includes local and dropped packets e Util This shows the percentage of available bandwidth each port is using over the amount of time specified by the update interval For example when a 10 Mbps port is relaying packets at 5 Mbps the utilization is 50 Using the Console Interface 115 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Port Traffic Statistics To access the second item on the Traffic Statistics menu choose Port Traffic Statistics The following table appears Doee kgd ZS VII a Figure 6 43 Port Traffic Statistics screen Select the desired setting in the Ports field 1 to 4 5 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 16 17 to 20 21 S1P2 or Slot 2 and the desired increment setting in the Update Interval field 2 sec 5 sec 15 sec 30 sec 1 min or Suspend The statistic counters displayed are defined as follows Speed Ifthe link is up the speed and duplex status will be displayed if the link is down will be displayed e Utilization This shows the percentage of available bandwidth each port is using over the amount of time specified by the update interval For example when a 10 Mbps port is relaying packets at 5 Mbps the utilization is 50 116 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide e By
137. s for the switch and they will be used by the switch every time it is powered on reset or rebooted The only exception to this is a factory reset which will clear all settings and restore them to their initial values listed in the Appendix which were present when the switch was purchased 58 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Logging Onto The Switch Console By Registered Users To log in once you have created a registered user 1 Typein your username and press Enter 2 Type in your password and press Enter 3 The main menu screen will be displayed based on your Administrator or Normal User access level or privilege Create Modify User Accounts To add or change your user password Choose Users Accounts Management from the main menu The following User Accounts Management menu appears Deer Accounts Bana lee balete Dee Using the Console Interface 59 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 4 User Accounts Management menu 1 Choose Create Modify User Accounts The following screen appears EEN Confirms Has Fesscec isis ce Leo Kee LIE OX 0 Sand BAT WM Figure 6 5 Add Modify User Account screen 2 Type in your Username and press Enter 3 If you are a new user type in the Old Password and press Enter 4 Type in the New Password you have chosen and press Enter Type in the same new password in the following field to verify th
138. s of Read Only or Read Write using the SNMP community name e Status Option to set the current community string to Valid or Invalid The Trap Receiving Stations information is described as follows IP Address The IP address of the trap receiving station e Status Option to set the trap receiving station to Enabled or Disabled Community String A user defined SNMP community name Web Based Network Management 163 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide User Accounts ae io kp h Se CB Click the pointer icon on the right hand side to access the main User Accounts window 164 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide To add or delete aUser Account fill inthe appropriate information in the User Name Old Password New Password and Confirm New Password fields Then select the desired access Normal User or Administrator in the Access Level control and click Apply Console Port Settings eee s al ee a Faw Ta emer Bi Bay fa ks ar ge He ae cl Se A Sir Ch This window allows you to select the protocol for communicating through the console port Console or SLIP in the Port Setting field Use SLIP for out of band management You can also choose the refresh rate in the Console Time Out field 15 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 60 minutes or Never If SLIP is being used you may also set the Baud Rate in the last field Click Apply and then reb
139. s that have been allocated to the VLAN in which it is a member MAC based VLANs include groups of individual devices Communications can be restricted to only certain devices that are members of a common VLAN This provides a high degree of security by allowing network managers to decide access rights on a device per device basis Switch Management Concepts 41 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Setting up MAC based VLANs is a relatively straight forward process Simply create the VLAN by assigning it a name description and add MAC addresses for the stations that will be members Port based VLANs The DES 3225G supports up to 96 port based VLANs Port based VLANs limit traffic that flows into and out of switch ports Thus all devices connected to a port are members of the VLAN s the port belongs to whether there is a single computer directly connected to aswitch or an entire department On port based VLANs NICs do not need to be able to identify 802 1Q tags in packet headers NICs send and receive normal Ethernet packets If the packet s destination lies on thesame segment communications take place using normal Ethernet protocols Even though this is always the case when the destination for a packet lies on another switch port VLAN considerations come into play to decide if the packet gets dropped by the switch or delivered There are two key componentsto understanding port based VLANs Port VLAN ID numbers
140. switch settings created by the settings backup procedure Image_file this command tells the switch the complete path and filename for the file to be loaded into the switch For example e 3225 3225prom tfp Make sure double quotes are used as in the example file below Ip_addr this is the IP address that will be assigned to theswitch Thiscommand is included for downloading a configuration settings file to another switch The IP address defined in this file will override the IP address in the configuration settings file thus the switch you are downloading to can have a different IP address than the one that created the configuration settings file An example IP addressis10 12 19 102 Subnet_mask this is the subnet mask that will b e assigned to the switch An example subnet mask is 2902128 DN Or Default_gateway this is the default gateway IP that will be assigned to the switch An example default Gateway IP is 110 254 254 253 Remark When placed as the first character on a line the entire line will be ignored by the switch This allows items to be labeled or unused commands to Sample Configuration File 191 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide remain in the file so that thesyntax will not be forgotten Notes about the Configuration File This configuration file can only contain 4settings Code_type Ip_addr Subnet_mask and Default_gateway Each command can only a
141. t Manager ONovell NMS ONetView 6000 HOthers 6 What network medium media does your organization use OFiber optics OThick coax Ethernet OThin coax Ethernet 010BASE T UTP STP 1100BASE TX 01100BASE T4 0100VGAnyLAN OOthers 7 What applications are used on your network ODesktop publishing OSpreadsheet OWord processing OCAD CAM ODatabase management DAccounting OOthers 8 What category best describes your company OAerospace HEngineering OEducation OFinance OHospital OLegal Olnsurance Real Estate OManufacturing ORetail Chainstore Wholesale Government OTransportation Utilities Communication OVAR OSystem house company OOther 9 Would you recommend your D Link product to a friend OYes ONo Don t know yet 10 Your comments on this product
142. tch MDI X port to switch hub or other network devices MDI X port connection RJ 45 Pin Specification 189 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide C SAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE This Appendix provides a sample configuration file that can be used with the Update Firmware and Configuration Files screen in the console program The configuration file is a simple text file that you create It has two functions to point to the location of a file on a TFTP server and to set the IP address subnet mask and default gateway for the switch The file being uploaded can be either new Runtime switching software or a switch settings file which was previously saved on the TFTP server using the Save settings to TFTP Server option in the System Utilities menu The IP address settings defined in the configuration file will override all other IP settings even those defined in the settings file being uploaded This enables the settings from one switch to be uploaded to another switch without their IP settings being the same and thus coming into conflict Commands e Code_type this command tells the switch the type of file you wish to upload to the switch Possible 190 Sample Configuration File 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Code types are PROM RUNTIME or CONFIG This should always be the first setting e PROM PROM update file e RUNTIME Switching software update file e CONFIG Image file of
143. ted information above and then click the Apply button The information is described as follows Software Update Modeis Set to either Network or SLIP Determines whether the new firmware code should be obtained through the Ethernet network or through the console port TFTP Server Address The IP address of the TFTP server where the new firmware code is Firmware Update Determines whether or not the Switch should replace its switching software the next time it is rebooted FileName The path and the name of the file which holds the new firmware code on the TFTP server 180 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Change Configuration File ah pi al To change a configuration file fill the fields in above and then click Apply The information is described as follows Software Update Modeis Set to either Network or SLIP Determines whether the configuration file should be obtained through the Ethernet network or through the console port TFTP Server Address is The IP address of the TFTP server where the configuration file is File Download Determines whether or not the Switch should download its configuration file the next time it is booted File Name The path and configuration name on the TFTP server Web Based Network Management 181 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Save Settings to TFTP Server fe L Ven Fr m len Ge e lees a ID ela fhe i
144. tes Recv The number of good bytes received This also includes local and dropped packets e Bytes Sent The number of good bytes sent from the respective port Frames Recv The number of good frames received This also includes local and dropped packets Frames Sent The number of good frames sent from the respective port Total Bytes Recv The number of bytes received good and bad Total Frames Recv The number of frames received good and bad Last Seen MAC The MAC address of the last device that sent packets over this port Port Packet Error Statistics To access the third item on the Traffic Statistics menu choose Port Packet Error Statistics The following table appears Using the Console Interface 117 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Corea ZS VII SEH Figure 6 44 Port Packet Error Statistics tabl Select the desired setting in the Ports field 1 to 4 5 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 16 17 to 20 21 S1P2 or Slot 2 and the desired increment setting in the Polling Interval field 2 sec 5 sec 15 sec 30 sec 1 min or Suspend The statistic counters displayed are defined as follows Speed Ifthe link is up the speed and duplex status will be displayed if the link is down will be displayed CRC Error The number of frames that fail the CRC integrity check e Oversize Frames The number of good frames with length greater than 1518 bytes and therefore are greater than the maxim
145. thim TLEH l TETELE ERR EE R ER EE ER RE ERR ett iti EE EE EEREER ENER RER HAL Adress kai HAC Adress Earra ires Ess Previewse goreen CTRDLeR Setreabh H ieri Pore F Previews Pose onach amp 8 8 Kiii ELTE m NE Figure 6 28 MAC Based VLAN MAC Assignment screen 98 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The fields you can set are e Action Select the desired action by toggling between Add and Remove MAC Address The MAC address of the VLAN member being added or removed Please note that the Status field for the MAC address you have entered may read Not Apply Once the switch is restarted in MAC based VLAN mode the MAC addresses will be applied meaning that the VLAN is active Current MAC based VLAN MAC address members of the VLAN MAC Address in the lower part of the screen and Status reflect the current conditions They are read only fields and cannot be changed Configure 802 1Q VLAN If you are unsure of your knowledge of port based VLANs or IEEE 802 1Q tagging we highly recommend reviewing the VLAN section of the Switch Management Concepts chapter in this manual before proceeding To configure an IEEE 802 1Q port based VLAN you must do three things 1 Decide if you want to enable Ingress Filtering and enable it on the chosen ports Ingress filtering applied on a port causes the port to examine all incoming packets and check whether the port itself is
146. toring and troubleshooting purposes Choose Configure Port Mirroring on the Configuration menu to access the following screen 78 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Commenced 1k d TO Sono BHT Ch Figure 6 15 Configure Port Mirroring screen To configure a mirror port select the port from where you want to copy frames in the Source Port field Then select the port which receives the copies from the source port in the Target Port field The target port is where you will connect a monitoring troubleshooting device such as a sniffer or an RMON probe Note You cannot mirror a fast port onto a slower port For example if you try to mirror the traffic froma 100 Mbps port onto a 10 Mbps port this can cause throughput problems The port you are copying frames from should always support an equal or lower speed than the port to which you are sending the copies Also the target port cannot be a member of a trunk group Configure Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Algorithm Parameters can be used for creating alternative paths in your network The Protocol Using the Console Interface 79 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Parameters allow you to change the behind the scene parameters of the Spanning Tree Algorithm at the bridge level The parameters for this section have been fully explained in Chapter 5 s Switch Management see STA Operation Levels On the Bridge level and
147. turned on without having any or all LAN segment cables connected After the power switch is turned on the LED indicators should respond as follows All LED indicators will momentarily blink This blinking of the LED indicators represents a reset of the system 10 Unpacking and Setup 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide The power LED indicator will blink while the Switch loads onboard software and performs a self test After approximately 20 seconds the LED will light again to indicate the switch is in a ready state The console LED indicator will remain ON if there is a connection at the RS 232 port otherwise this LED indicator is OFF The 100M LED indicator may remain ON or OFF depending on the transmission speed Power Failure As a precaution in the event of a power failure unplug the switch When power is resumed plug the switch back in Unpacking and Setup 11 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide IDENTIFYING EXTERNAL COMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel rear panel optional plug in modules and LED indicators of the DES 3225G Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of LED indicators an RS 232 communication port a slide in module slot two uplink ports and 22 10 100 Mbps Ethernet Fast Ethernet ports Figure 3 1 Front panel view of the Switch Comprehensive LED indicators display the status of the switch and the network A description
148. tus Displays the current Spanning Tree Protocol setting Time Since Last Topology Change Displays the last time changes were made to the network topology These changes usually occur when backup paths are activated due to primary path failures Topology Change Count Displays the number of times since the current management session with the device was started changes were made to the network topology Changes usually occur on the network when backup paths are activated e MAC Address Displays the MAC address of the switch acting as the root bridge Path Cost Displays the cost for the path between the Switch and the root bridge If the Switch is the root bridge then the path cost is zero Port Displays the port on the switch that offers the least path cost from the bridge to the root bridge In the event of a network loop data packets will pass through the port specified here e Priority Displays the priority number of the root bridge in the Spanning Tree The value is used in conjunction with the bridge MAC address to set the bridge ID which in turn is used in determining the root bridge of a multi bridged network The root bridge isresponsible for processing data packets when network loops occur The smaller the number set the higher the bridge priority is The higher the bridge priority the more chances the bridge has of becoming the root bridge A bridge priority ranges from 0 to 65535 with 0 being the highest pr
149. twork You can sort this table by MAC address or port Thisis useful for viewing which ports one device is using or which devices are using one port To display the Browse Address Table choose Network Monitoring from the main menu and then choose Browse Address Table The following screen appears Using the Console Interface 121 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Figure 6 46 Browse Address Tabl To browse by MAC address select MAC address in the Search by field enter the desired MAC address in the next field and then press FIND To browse by port number select Port in the Search by field enter the desired port in the next field and then press FIND The lower part of the screen is a read only Browse Address Table that contains Port MAC Address and Learned status of each entry Use N to advance to the next page and P to return to the previous page Browse IGMP Status The Browse IGMP Status function allows you to browse Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP The Switch is able to recognize IGMP queries and reports sent between stations and an IGMP router When enabled for IGMP snooping the switch can open or close a port to 122 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide specific devices based on the IGMP messages sent from the device to the router or vice versa To display the IP Multicast Information screen choose Network Monitoring from the main menu and then ch
150. um legal length Fragments The number of packets less than 64 bytes with either bad framing or an invalid CRC These are normally the result of collisions 118 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Jabber The number of frames with length more than 1518 bytes and with CRC error or misalignment bad framing Late Collision The number of collisions that occur at or after the 64 byte octet in the frame Mac Rx Error The number of frames with received MAC Errors Dropped Frames The number of frames which are dropped by this port since the last Switch reboot e Undersize Frames The number of frames detected that are less than the minimum permitted frame size of 64 bytes and have a good CRC Undersize frames usually indicate collision fragments a normal network occurrence Total errors Thesum of the CRC Error Oversize Frames Fragments J abber Late Collision Mac Rx Error Dropped Frames and Undersize Frames counters Collisions The number of collision that has occurred Port Packet Analysis Statistics To access the fourth item on the Traffic Statistics menu choose Port Packet Analysis Statistics The following table appears Using the Console Interface 119 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Packet Akralegang Tistisiic Port Coree kgd E i viii SEE Figure 6 45 Packet Analysis Statistics tabl Select the desired setting in the Ports fi
151. umentation Purchaser assumes responsibility for the selection of appropriate application and system platform software and associated reference materials D Link makes no warranty that its software products will work in combination with any hardware or any application or system platform software product provided by any third party excepting only such products as are expressly represented in D Link s applicable product documentation as being compatible D Link s obligation under this warranty shall be a reasonable effort to provide compatibility but D Link shall have no obligation to provide compatibility when there is fault in the third party hardware or software D Link makes no warranty that operation of its software products will be uninterrupted or absolutely error free and no warranty that all defects in the software product within or without the scope of D Link s applicable product documentation will be corrected D Link Offices for Registration and Warranty Service The product s Registration Card provided at the back of this manual must be sent to a D Link office To obtain an RMA number for warranty service as to a hardware product or to obtain warranty service as to a software product contact the D Link office nearest you An address telephone fax e mail Web site list of D Link offices is provided in the back of this manual Trademarks Copyright 1999 D Link Corporation Contents subject to change without prior notice
152. will be used after the switch has been Reset Fields that can be set include BOOTP Determines whether the Switch should send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up The BOOTP protocol allowsIP addresses network masks and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server If this option is set the Switch will first look for a BOOTP server to provide it with this information before using the supplied settings IP Address Determines the IP address used by the Switch for receiving SNMP and TELNET communications These fields should be of the form XXX XXX XXX XXX Where each xxx iS a number represented in decimal between O and 255 This address should be a unique address on a network assigned to you by the central Internet authorities The same IP address is shared by both the SLIP and Ethernet network interfaces Subnet Mask Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on Should be of the form XXX XXX XXX XxXX Where each xxx is a number represented in decimal between O and 255 If no subnetting is being done the value should be 255 0 0 0 for a Class A network 255 255 0 0 for a Class B network and 255 255 255 0 for a Class C network 64 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Default Gateway IP address that determines where frames with a destination outside the current subnet should be sent This is usually the address of a router or a host a
153. witch History to TFTP Server from the Utilities menu under System Utilities on the main menu to access the following screen me Deitch H steer to TEP Sertar IP dires E i TFTP Server 109 16 1 Eschesged Bytes Ercharged Blocks Doret 208 91 AL KE Figure 6 38 Upload Switch History File screen The fields you can set are Server IP Address The IP address of the TFTP server where the switch history file will be located FileName The complete path and filename on the TFTP server for the file Press START to begin the filesave The result will be displayed in the lower part of the screen 110 Using the Console Interface 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide SNMP Manager Configuration The Switch sends out SNMP traps to network management stations whenever certain exceptional events occur such as when the Switch is turned on or when asystem reset occurs The Switch allows traps to be routed to up to four different network management hosts For a detail list of Trap Types used for this Switch see Chapter 5 Switch Management Concepts Traps section SNMP version 1 implements a rudimentary form of security by requiring that each request includes a community name A community name is an arbitrary string of characters used as a password to control access to the Switch If the Switch receives a request with a community name it does not recognize it will trigger an authentication trap The SNMP
154. x amp a mun hmi Gr bA Fem Hemp Ba pei Pehk gi ab Se See a ae Se zl Fic Hone Sere Cereege bo TRIP Server L i Log File Laai Upaad Sirtis To save settings to a file on your TFTP server fill the fields in above and then click Upload now The information is described as follows TFTP Server Addressis The IP address of the TFTP server where the setting file will be saved File Name The path and file name for the settings file on the TFTP server Last Upload Status Read only field displays the most recent upload activity 182 Web Based Network Management 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Upload Log File ee ee ee To save a log file to your TFTP server fill the fields in above and then click Upload now The information is described as follows TFTP Server Addressis The IP address of the TFTP server where the log file will be saved File Name The path and file name for the file to be saved on the TFTP server e Last Upload Status Read only field displays the most recent upload activity Web Based Network Management 183 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide Save Changes 1m dir er mee i ee ee ek Bee i Si CH lh To save all the changes made in the current session to the Switch s flash memory click the Save Changes Now button Help Click this button to access the online help files for the Switch 184 Web Based Network Man
155. y Yes Yes User Accounts Management Create Modify User Accounts ves Jno o View Delete User Accounts ves Jno o Yes No Restart System Table 6 1 Administrator and Normal User Privileg After establishing a User Account with Administrator level privileges press Esc twice Then choose the Save Changes menu see below Pressing any key will return to the main menu You are now ready to operate the Switch Saving Changes The DES 3225G has two levels of memory normal RAM and non volatile or NV RAM Settings need to be changed in all screens by clicking on the Apply button When this is done Using the Console Interface 57 24 port NWay Ethernet Switch User s Guide the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM and will immediately take effect Some settings though require you to restart the switch before they will take effect Restarting the switch will erase all settings in RAM and reload them from the NV RAM Thus it is necessary to save all settings to the NV RAM before restarting the switch In order to retain any modifications made in the current session by saving them into the NV RAM it is necessary to choose Save Changes from the main menu The following screen will appear to indicate your new settings have been processed Commerc tered fg bi UC Sa bH we Figure 6 3 Save Changes screen After the settings have been saved to NV RAM they will become the default setting

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