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Black Box LR5100A-T User's Manual

1. 69 Octet Locations on a Bridged X NS Frame see 70 APPENDIX C SERVICING INFORMATION 7 Opening ENC CASE acces TN 71 Identifying the Internal 00 2100 72 TOC ear a Los ein 79 Changing LAN or WAN Interfaces essent T3 Selecting MDI or MDI X LAN Interface ssssssssssssssssssssressssssreessessssssresreeeees 73 Installing the ISDN Link Modules auc notte ven rs pfe On 74 Processor settings for the ISDN Link Modules sss 74 Changing the Termination Straps on the ISDN S T Interface 75 Connecting to the ISD N U Link Module ranas 75 Performing a Software Upgrade ria 76 Contents APPENDIX D INTERFACE PINOUTS 79 Pinout Inrortmdbo TE ts Class oon nieto oie Feb et valo 79 Link Clocking Information iae mt qid ead qd 79 ATL CSU D SU Link Module Information eere 79 Console PINO UTS A 81 V 24 amp RS292C Link PIBOUDS Oe 82 SA etra 83 S RS530 Link p b un 04 VD LOK bod ea 85 RS232 Null Modem Cable Configuration eee 86 V 35 Nul Modem Cable Configuration nora asias 87 RS530 Null Modem Cable Configuration seen 88 RS530 R449 C
2. Entry Direction outbound Finally holes are provided in the LAN firewall to allow Internet access to the FTP and WWW servers Firewall Location Main Configuration Applications Set up Firewall Set up LAN Firewall Set up Designated Servers FTP Server 195 100 1 12 gt WWW HTTP Server 195 100 1 20 configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the Menus Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 96 Network Address Translation Using private addresses on a network and NAT NAPT for interactions over an internetwork connection hides the internal address from the rest of the world Access is restricted to only those services that are specifically designated to be available Please see section 2 4 2 for more information on Network Address Translation Filters The programmable filtering functions available on the router provides a very powerful means of controlling traffic flow to and from a network Compression Compressing data allows data throughput rate considerably greater than the physical line rate The actual rate achieved will depend on how compressible the specific data is Generally graphics and databases compress up to 60096 text 400 to 50096 binary codes about 20096 At line rates above 256 K bps compression is not effective as it takes more t
3. 1 Connection Datastream SOURCE DESTINATION SEQUENCE ACKNOWLEDGE ALLOCATION Control Type CONNECTION ID CONNECTIONID NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NOVELL DATA FIELD AND ETHERNET CHECKSUM 56 57 58 59 60 61 DL W X Y Z DATA FIELD UP TO 534 OCTETS OF DATA ETHERNET CHECKSUM ETHERNET Type Codes Type Code Description oe 8e BECMOPDumpiowd 6x MOP Remote Console Be DECNET Phase WV Rous AppleTalk AARP Kinetics 68 Configuration Pages Octet Locations on an IP Routed TCP IP Frame INTERNET PROTOCOL 0 1 2 8 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 f 1 FRAGMENT TIMETO HEADER 060 TOTALLENGTH IDENTIFICATION LIVE PROTOCOL BEEN 12 3 14 15 6 17 8 19 SOURCE ADDRESS DESTINATION ADDRESS TRANSPORT CONTROL PROTOCOL 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SOURCEPORT PESTINATION SEQUENCE NUMBER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT NUMBER 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 4 42 43 ARA Reserved WINDOW CHECKSUM URGENTPOINTER DATA FIELD 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 wW X Y 2 1 DATA FIELD NEXT 500 OCTETS ETHERNET CHECKSUM Octet Locations on an IPX Routed Novell Netware NOVELL
4. receive mode only If the bridge router does not start in ZMODEM receive mode power down the bridge router remove the WAN module s and if present the second LAN module power up the bridge router The bridge router should now restart and be in ZMODEM receive mode O nce the file transfer is complete the router will again come up in ZMOD EM receive mode Power down the unit and replace the interface modules 76 Servicing Information In the following diagram of a cluster of routers when upgrading the three routers in the diagram the upgrade order should be Router C then Router B and finally Router A A TFTP software load to router C would be performed as follows Using TFTP get config txt from each router and save Telnet to Router C Enter the ID or alias of Router B in the Network option to put Router C in Network Load mode When Router C restarts in Network Load mode the connection to Router B will be re established only if autocall is enabled on router B The TFTP transfer of the upgrade code may now be performed from the PC to Router C Once Router C has completed programming the flash and has restarted in operational mode the connection to Router B will be re established only if autocall is enabled on router B Once router C is operating with the new software the PC may be used to reload the config txt file back to Router C Repeat for Router B then again for Router A Perform the Router B
5. Y Cost Add Each static IP route is defined in the Edit Route menu The destination network IP address is specified when you first enter the menu and then the IP address alias or ID number of the next hop route and the cost may be defined Finally select A dd to add the route to the routing table Once static IP routes are defined they may be viewed with the Show Static Routes command from the IP Routes menu Configuration When the IP routing protocol is set to none static routes will be used to route Note traffic The mask size must also be defined when creating a static route entry The subnet mask is required to allow a static route to be created to a different IP network address See the previous section for an explanation of masks 20 IPX Routing The router are pre configured to operate as an IPX router When installed in an IPX network the router will learn the IPX network numbers from connected networks It will then route the IPX frames to the appropriate destination IPX network The IPX routing scenario may consist of one of the two following configurations The first configuration consists of Novell servers located on each of the LAN segments to be connected The second configuration consists of Novell servers located on only one of the LAN segments to be connected The router IPX router will need to be configured differently in the second configuration with Novell servers located on only one of the LAN segme
6. 88 RS530 RS449 Conversion Cable DB25 MALE 2 14 3 16 8 10 6 22 4 19 5 13 20 23 17 9 15 12 24 11 7 1 Transmit Signal Element Timing Transmitted Data A Transmitted Data B Received Data A Received Data B Received Line Signal Detector A Received Line Signal Detector B Data Set Ready A Data Set Ready B Request to Send A Request to Send B Clear to Send A Clear to Send B Data Terminal Ready A Data Terminal Ready B Receiver Signal Element Timing DCE Source A Receiver Signal Element Timing DCE Source B Transmit Signal Element Timing DCE Source B Transmit Signal Element Timing DTE Source A Transmit Signal Element Timing DTE Source B Signal Ground Shield Figure D 12 RS530 to RS449 Conversion Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable DCE Source A Interface Pinouts DB37 MALE FEMALE 4 22 6 24 13 31 11 29 7 25 9 27 12 30 8 26 5 23 17 35 19 1 Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable This cable is used to connect an RS530 link to an RS449 device The cable converts from a DB25 connector to a DB37 connector 89 Interface Pinouts V 11 X 21 Null Modem Cable Configuration DB15 MALE DB15 MALE 1 Protective Ground Protective Ground 1 2 Transmit Data A Receive Data A 4 3 Control A Indic
7. the router should be configured with a remote site profile entry for that vendors router Before the router can establish a link connection to another PPP router the link speed information must be defined Refer to the following diagram that shows two routers and another vendors unit connected together with direct leased line connections PPP IP Router Figure 2 9 Basic PPP Leased Line Configuration 37 Applications The following steps must be performed on each of the routers in the network Local IP Address Location Main V Configuration Y LAN Set up V LAN IP Set up V IP A ddress mask size This is the IP address and subnet mask for the link of this router in the unnumbered IP connection Usually the clocking signal is received from the link see Appendix D Link Clocking Information If the link interface is a V 11 V 35 or RS232 connection and the link speed is different from the default 64K bps and the router is to be the clock source the link speed must be set to the clock speed that the router receives from the DCE link device Link Speed Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Link Speed Bridge Connection Once the link speeds have been configured the router will attempt to establish the link connection to the remote site PPP router The Bridge connection does not require any configuration for operation Router Connection Once the link speeds and loca
8. 4 Remote Site Set Up Edit Remote Site Security parameters menu Advanced PPP Set Up 1 2 3 4 5 6 3l 1 Telnet Telnet Telnet Show Add N Menu Tree software release 51 06 02 52V 06 02 xx Telnet Set Up J Load FLASH Ser Up access 1 Console ZMODEM 51 Dump 2 Network TFTP 2 Restore port Names LAN IPX Set Up 1 Ethernet Il frames 2 RAW 802 3 frames 3 IEEE 802 2 frames 4 802 2 SNAP frames Secondary IP Set Up Edit Secondary 2 LAN NAT set up Translation type Show address pool Dynamic IP pool Add static entry NAT enable 1 Connection Set Up 1 ISDN call set up menu 2 Primary link 3 Secondary link 4 Auto call 2 ISDN number 4 Group 5 Wildcard 6 Call you 7 Call me 8 Callback 1 Schedule 2 Usage set up 3 Threshold set up 4 Inactivity timer 5 Recovery timer 1 Schedule 2 Remove static entry 3 Alternate ISDN 13 Remove Secondary Entry 1 Advanced settings menu 1 Activation intervals 2 Display schedule 3 Display time 1 Usage Set Up 1 Usage limit 2 Call limit 3 Restart time Threshold 1 Up threshold 2 Up stability timer 3 Down threshold 2 3 Protocol Set Up 1 Bridge parameters menu 2 IP parameters menu 3 IPX parameters menu 4 CCP parameters menu 5
9. Applications Identify the Status LEDs The four three colour Light Emitting Diodes LED s on the front of the router are depicted in Figure 1 1 The meanings of these LEDs are found in the following chart OK Bridger Rowteris powered dows Red Bridge Routers powered up but has failed power up diagnostics Yellow flashing 4 2 POWER he Off Module is not installed Module is connected and forwarding LAN is connected and NOT forwarding i e Listening Learning or Blocking Red Bridge Routeris NOT connected to the LAN S 2 LAN 51 Yellow Off Module is not installed or is configured to be down Disabled Connection is up LAN 2 connected and forwarding Yellow LINK is negotiating in ISDN LINK is auto learning LMI type in Frame Relay Not used in Leased Line or LAN mode Software failure if WAN module installed LAN 2 not connected if LAN2 module installed S 2 LINK 1 LAN 2 nmi Module is not installed or is configured to be down Disabled LINK is negotiating in ISDN LINK is auto learning LMI type in Frame Relay Not used in Leased Line mode Software failure 2 N f the module is an ISDN BRI interface a connection on either B channel will display green LED 11 Applications x X 2 Typical Applications amp How to Configure Them The router are flexible Ethernet Bridge Routers This section will describe how to set up the routers using each of
10. Configure Firewall sno RR RR RN ERR E Network Address 57 iurc 57 COMPTESTON cuan cot intres D E D ED ED epe epu 57 NI AAA 58 INTRODUCTION TO FILTERING 59 MAC Address Filtering tirarla 59 Pattern 60 Popular Eilt rS 61 am a eae E re me 61 IP amp 61 Novell TPX Frames ona epit pa np at D EPOR DTE 61 NetBIOS amp NetBEUI Windows For Workgroups eee 61 Banyal tnp BEES REINO ASIE R UNSER LED OS EN 62 TP ROUER 62 NetBIOS Over TOP iss 62 Other interesting 62 APPEN DIX MENU TREES 63 APPENDIX B OCTET LOCATIONSON ETHERNET FRAMES 607 Octet Locations on a Bridged TCP IP Frame eee 67 Octet Locations on a Bridged Novell Netware 68 ETHERNET De COS 68 Octet Locations on an IP Routed TCP IP 69 Octet Locations on an IPX Routed Novell Netware
11. Ethernet bridges simply forward information based on Ethernet MAC addresses If a packet is destined for a device located on a different network than the device that sent the packet the bridge will forward that packet to the connected network If a packet is destined for a device located on the same local network as the originating device the bridge will ignore the packet Ethernet bridges also communicate to each other using what is called the Spanning Tree Protocol STP STP is used to prevent loops in a network which cause traffic to be re broadcast again and again causing network congestion The router are pre configured to operate as an Ethernet bridge compatible with the IEEE 802 14 Spanning Tree Protocol definitions This means that without configuration modifications the router will bridge Ethernet traffic to its partner bridges when the Wide Area Network WAN connection has been established This product is also pre configured as an IPX router This means that if you wish to bridge IPX traffic instead of routing it you must disable the IPX routing function of the router Once IPX routing has been disabled all IPX traffic will be bridged between networks To set up a bridge between two LANs using a dual LAN router all that is required is that the LANs be connected to the router To set up a bridge between two networks connected by a WAN link Connect each router to the LAN s it will be serving Connect the WAN inter
12. Global Address 199 87 65 43 APT mapping 199 87 65 43 25 199 87 65 43 23 N 2 3 4 199 87 65 43 80 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Figure 2 11 NAPT Configuration 51 Applications Security The router provides a number of means of providing security on incoming and outgoing traffic on a network These methods include access password authentication firewall limiting access to only designated device addresses private network address translation NAT and filtering for both incoming and outgoing traffic Configure PPP Security The PPP router provides support for both PAP and CHAP security access authentication An outgoing user name PAP password and CHAP secret are defined that the router will use when responding to an authentication request from a remote site PPP router JW The cold start defaults for the security user name and passwords are as follows These defaults will exist when the router is first started before and configuration is entered and after a Full Reset has been performed These default values are also set when the router is placed in TFTP Network load mode for upgrading the operating software via TFTP transfers Care should be taken when upgrading a group of routers that have security levels set Default outgoing user name for each remote site when it is defined is the same as the default device name Default PAP password and CHAP secret are both set to BRIDGE The complete password
13. MAC address filtering is provided by three built in functions The first function is Filter if Source the second is Filter if Destination The third function allows you to change the filter operation from positive to negative The positive filter operation causes frames with the specified MAC addresses to be filtered The negative filter operation causes frames with the specified MAC addresses to be forwarded You may easily prevent any station on one segment from accessing a specific resource on the other segment for this positive filtering and the use of Filter if Destination would be appropriate If you want to disallow a specific station from accessing any service Filter if Source could be used You may easily prevent stations on one segment from accessing all but a specific resource on the other segment for this negative filtering and the use of Forward if Destination would be appropriate If you want to disallow all but one specific station from accessing any service on the other segment the use of Forward if Source could be used 99 Introduction to Filtering Pattern Filtering Pattern filtering is provided in three separate sections Bridge Pattern Filters Router Pattern Filters and IPX Router Pattern Filters When the router is operating as an IP IPX Bridge Router each of the frames received is passed on to the appropriate internal section ofthe router The IPX frames are passed on to the IPX r
14. Physical link type 2 eration 3 Logical type 4 S N set up menu 5 Group 4 Phantom Power detect 5 Link B channel 3 Frame Relay 4 Frame Relay set up menu 5 T1 E1 set up menu 5 Link mode 6 Link speed 7 Link CD wait time 8 Loop compensation 1 Dial prefix 2 Phantom power detect 3 Force 56k 4 Directory number 5 SPID Connection set up menu Activation menu Protocol set up menu 1 Edit Remote Site menu 1 1 2 Remote site summar 2 H 3 Display leamed summary 3 Call summary 4 4 Remove remote site 5 z 5 Manual call 6 Force disconnect Remote site alias 6 Connection 7 Primary connection 8 Secondary connection 9 Remote site type 3l Security Set Up 1 Default parameters menu 2 Security level 3 Request security 4 CHAP challenges 5 Caller ID security 8l PPP Set Up 1 1 Advanced PPP Set Up menu 2 Restart Timer 3 Configure Count Default Parameters 1 Outgoing user name 2 Outgoing PAP password 3 Outgoing CHAP secret PFC Echo monitoring Quality protocol Quality interval MP encapsulation MP sequencing MP discriminator MP minimum 4 Failure Count 5 Terminate Count A IP Address Connect E z 1 Edit IP address entry 2 IP address connect 3 Show IP address entries 4 Remove IP address entry 5 Remote site summary 8 Force disconnect 9 Link summary 1
15. The automatically created remote site profiles will be named LinkxD LClyyy where x is the physical link number the PVC is on and yyy is the DLCI of the PVC 34 Applications If during this learning process the maximum number of remote sites has been reached the router will prompt you that there are no remote sites available A new remote site cannot be auto created unless one of the existing remote sites is manually deleted Auto learning with PPP encapsulation enabled see following page may not be compatible with some older model routers If problems with auto learning occur with PPP enabled try disabling PPP encapsulation Manual Configuration LMI Type The LMI Type option allows you to manually specify the type of Link Management Interface in use by the Frame Relay service provider for the Frame Relay service When the LMI type is set to none the router simply creates frame relay packets and sends them on the defined PVC s The links are not checked for errors There is no congestion control checking The link is only monitored for control signals To manually configure the LMI type the Auto Learning option must be disabled Auto Learning Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Frame Relay Set up V Auto leaming E nabled LMI Type Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Frame Relay Set up V5 LMI Type The configuration options described here are only for
16. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SOURCE tion Datastr SOURCE DESTINATION SOURCE HOST Control Type CONNECTION ID 0 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 W X Y Z 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ACKNOWLEDGE ALLOCATION t AE DATA FIELD ETHERNET CHECKSUM 70 Appendix Servicing Information Opening of the case and changing of modules is only to be performed by qualified service personnel WARNING Always disconnect the power cord from the rear panel of the bridge router The bridge router case does not need to be opened to change LAN or WAN interface modules Opening the case 1 Remove power from the bridge router and remove the other cabling 2 Tum the bridge router over and place it on a flat cushioned surface 3 Remove the six Phillips head screws that fasten the case together 4 across the front and 1 on each rear side 4 Holdthe two halves of the case together and turn the bridge router right side up 5 Liftoffthetop half of the case The LEDs in the front panel of the bridge router are connected to the main board by a short ribbon cable When lifting the top half of the case off the lid should be lifted from the back and hinged at the front The lid will then fold completely over and lie top down 7 Servicing Information Identifying the Internal Components The major components of concern are shown in the following illustration Slot 2 Slot 1 Link 2 Interface Module ISDN
17. 2 module LAN Console module v v v MDI X MDI 8 10 100 BT LAN CONSOLE SP 4 Power connector Figure 1 3 Rear View of the router with a single LAN connection and two WAN modules LAN 2 module Link 2 module LAN Console module v v v MDI X MDI MDI X MDI gy 10 100 BT LAN o o o o 10 BT LAN RS 232 V 24 CONSOLE amp 9 14 Power connector Figure 1 4 Rear View of the router with Dual LAN connections and a single WAN module Connect to the Console Connection to the bridge router operator s console is made through the D B25 connector labeled CONSOLE on the back of the bridge router Connect the console port of the Router to a computer running an asynchronous communication package or a standard asynchronous terminal The bridge router supports autobaud rates at 1200 2400 9600 19 200 38 400 or 57 600 bps Both the bridge router and the bridged network are configured through the use of hotkey Menus Applications Applications Make the Link Connection s By default the links are configured as permanent D TE interfaces The clocking for each link will be provided by the D CE device connected to each link The V 35 link modules require interface converters
18. BRI DSU G 703 RS232 V 35 RS422 or V 11 Primary LAN amp Console Interface Module Interface Module ISDN BRI DSU G 703 RS232 V 35 RS422 or V 11 Link1 LAN2 Board LAN Console Board Link2 Board Main Board Figure C 1 Top Internal View of the Ethemet Bridge Router 72 Servicing Information To Clear a Lost Password 1 Remove power from the bridge router 2 Remove the screw securing the LAN Console module to the rear of the bridge router Be sure to grip the module only by the flange at the bottom of the metal panel 3 Unplg the LAN Console module approximately 1 2 inch from the bridge router Be sure to grip the module only by the flange at the bottom of the metal panel The module only needs to be removed slightly to disconnect the module from the internal main board WARNING Because of the close proximity of the AC power from the power coupler do not insert anything into the LAN Console opening while the bridge router is powered up 4 Reattach the power to the bridge router and wait for the power up diagnostics to finish The Power LED will turn green 5 Remove power from the bridge router 6 Re install the LAN Console module and secure it with the screw 7 Power up the bridge router 8 Log into the bridge router using the default password BRIDGE and change the password as desired Changing LAN or WAN Interfaces 1 Remove power
19. CMCP parameters menu 6 BACP set up menu 4 7 Multilink Security Parameters 1 Incoming PAP password 2 Incoming CHAP secret 3 Outgoing user name 4 Outgoing PAP password 5 Outgoing CHAP secret 3 4 Down stability timer 5 Auto Learn 6 Help 1 1 Bridge Parameters 1 Edit Secondary how Secondary Entry 1 Secondary IP 2 Mask Size 3 Subnet Mask 4 Routing Protocol 5 RIP mode 6 Private Route Route Cost Frame Relay Set Up 1 Auto learning 2 LMI type 3 Polling interval 4 Enquiry interval 5 Error threshold 6 Monitored events Link mode LBO T4 E1 framing Channel rate Speed E1 CRC4 Slot Channel Set Up Line encoding Alarm generation 6 Slot Channel Set Up 1 Idle code 2 Number 3 Start 4 Speed 5 6 T1 403 PRM E1 timeslot 16 ai Status z 1 Callback timer z 2 Redial timer 3 Redial count 1 STP Parameters 1 State 2 Path cost 3 Priority 1 IP Routing 1 Routing protocol z 2 RIP mode 3 Triggered RIP z 4 Auto Default Route 5 Link cost NAT advanced 1 Translation type 2 Show address pool 3 Dynamic IP pool 4 Add static entry 5 Remove static entry 1 STP parameters menu Bridge enabled Tinygram 4 FCS preservation a 1 Parameters IP routing menu NAT Advanced menu IP enabled NAT enabled 15 Link IP address 2 16
20. Element Timing DTE Source X Figure D 5 RS232 Link Pinouts 17 gc 3 o2 4 5 6 a 10 i 12 13 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 The connecting cable must be a shielded cable NOTE For U K Approval The connecting cable may be any length between 0 and 5M Each end must be terminated in a male 25 pin X 21 bis connector as defined in ISO 2110 1989 82 V 11 X 21 Link Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled V 11 x 21 on the back of the unit 8 1 DB15 Female DTE c AY O 15 9 X 21 Direction Contact Circuits Circuit To From Number Reference DCE DCE 5 Indicaion A 6 S A SignaElementTiming A AAA ee DUM MM 7 8 Ground Signal Ground 9 T B Transmitted Data B Interface Pinouts Figure D 6 V 11 x 21 Link Pinouts The connecting cable must be a shielded cable Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable NOTE For U K Approval The connecting cable may be any length between 0 and 5M Each end must be terminated in a male 15 pin X 21 connector as defined in 150 4903 1989 but one end of the cable must have UNC 4 40 screws and the other end must have M3 screws 83 Interface Pinouts RS442 amp RS530 Link Pinouts The connector shown h
21. Pattern 6 Remove Pattern 6 Remove Pattern 7 Help 17 Help LAN Statistics Bridged traffic IP traffic IPX traffic Total LAN traffic LAN error Clear LAN statistics Clear LAN errors Test Pattern Set Up 1 Link operation 2 1 Pattern 2 Data test 2 Start Xmt 1 2 Test pattern set up menu T1 E1 loopback menu 3 CSU DSU self test T1 E1 Loopback 56 CSU DSU digital loopback CSU DSU remote loopback 1 Loopback type 2 Loopback node 3 Loopback delay 4 Start Stop loopback Menu Tree software release 51V 06 02 xx 52V 06 02 xx X K X X Appendix Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames This appendix provides octet locations for the various portions of three of the common Ethernet frames When creating pattern filters these diagrams will assist in the correct definition of the patterns The offset numbers are indicated by the numbers above the frame representations Note the differences in the TCP IP and Novell frames when bridging and when routing When routing the TCP IP and Novell frames are examined after the Level 2 Ethernet portion of the frame has been stripped from the whole data frame This means that the offset numbers now start from 0 at the beginning of the routed frame and not the bridged frame Some of the common Ethernet type codes are also shown here The Ethernet type codes are located at offset 12 of the bridged Ethernet frame
22. Peer IP address 7 Private Route Negotiate address 8 VJ compression IPX Parameters 1 IPX enabled Link IPX type IPX net Local IPX node Peer IPX node Static routes only IPX DMR enabled 3 8 Force RIP update IP Spoofing CCP Parameters 1 Compression interval Extended sequence TCP aging AAA PI 1 Parameters IPX Spoofing spoofing menu A1 PXtype20 2 IPX spoofing menu IPX 3 CMCP enabled IPX idle 4 Bridge traffic IPX interval z 5 Disc after last IPX retries 6 Suspension timeout IPX aging el BACP Set Up 1 BACP 2 Call mode 3 Request number Continued from previous page Application Set Up SNMP set up menu DHCP set up menu Firewall set up menu NAT exports Syslog Time to live Traceroute Ping 5 Bridging Set Up 1 Spanning Tree menu Bridge Forwarding Bridge Aging Timer Show Bridging Table Show Permanent Table Clear Bridging Table 3 14 15 16 6 1 Routing Set Up IP Routes menu ARP Set up menu routing IP forwarding ARP proxy 2 Message Size 3 Show Communities 4 Remove Community 1 1 Write Access 2 Show Addresses 13 Add Address 4 Remove Address 1 2 DHCP Set Up 1 Edit Community menu Edit Community 1 Edit Static Route 2 Default Gateway 3 Show all Route
23. a remote site 3 Start the TFTP application to be used for transfers to the router The IP address of the router may be found in the Internet Set Up menu 4 Put the file all to the router from the O perational Code directory on the CD ROM Any router not in Network Load BOOT mode will respond with an access violation error 5 The router will verify the file all in memory program and verify the FLASH clear the configuration to default values except IP Address IP Routing state IP Forwarding state WAN Environment Link 1 amp 2 State the Switch Type Directory Numbers SPIDs Password and connection data for the remote site if applicable and then reset After the reset the router will operate normally using the newly upgraded software In some upgrade situations the Directory Numbers and SPIDs may be corrupted after the upgrade and will need to be re entered The router may take up to two 2 minutes to program and verify the FLASH The console will not respond during this time To check on the router s current state during this process get the file status txt from the router This file will report the router s state both the mode and version if no errors have occurred or an error message On the rare occasion that during the programming of the FLASH something happens to the bridge router power hit or hardware reset causing the FLASH to become corrupted the bridge router will restart in Z
24. be disabled and Note then enabled before the new value will take effect The Bridge IP IPX and Compression settings may now be configured within the Bridge Parameters IP Parameters IPX Parameters and CCP Parameters menus note compression over frame relay is only available if PPP encapsulation is enabled If either the Bridge portion or the IP or IPX router portion of the connection is not required the appropriate Connection Protocol setting must be disabled within the appropriate sub menu For example if an IPX only connection is to be established the Bridging and IP parameters must be disabled so that the router does not negotiate the Bridge or IP Connection Protocols on the connection Connection Protocol Setting Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up V Bridge Parameters V Bridge enabled disabled V IP Parameters V IP enabled disabled Disabling a particular connection protocol option will prevent the router from negotiating that Network Connection Protocol Leaving all options enabled will result in a Bridge router and IPX router connection 44 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Leased Line PPP Remote Site Profiles allow the router to have different sets of configuration parameters for each of the possible remote site PPP routers that may be connected to this router This allows greater control over the configuration of ea
25. be seen on the console connected to the bridge router Terminals supported ansi avt ibm3101 qvt109 qvt102 qvt119 tvi925 tvi950 vt52 vt100 wyse 50 wyse vp teletype Enter terminal type Select the terminal type being used if listed and enter its name in lower case at the prompt or choose the terminal type teletype if your terminal is not listed This terminal type operates in scroll mode and may be used successfully until a custom terminal definition is created Managing the router Using the Menus This section describes the minimum configuration parameters required when setting up the router Each of the configuration scenarios requires setting of operational parameters on the router The built in menu system of the router is used to configure the unit The router menu system operates on a hotkey principle navigating around the menu system is done by typing the number associated with the desired option the router acts on the choice immediately no need to hit the enter key The menu system consists of different menu levels each containing new configuration options Navigation back out of a nested menu is easily accomplished by pressing the tab key The tab key takes you to the previous menu level If you wish to move from your current menu location directly to the main menu simply press the equals key When choosing menu options that will toggle between values simply pressing the number associated with
26. compensate for degradation due to line losses between the transmitter and receiver A number of different options are available to meet standards for T1 long haul direct connection to service providers central office facility T1 short haul connection through a local PBX AT amp T TR64211 specification long haul and AT amp T TR64211 short haul Your service provider will tell you which specification their service requires Short haul LBOs are listed as the length of the cable run in feet between the router and the local exchange Applications E1 service does not require line build out selection Set Link Interface Location Main Configuration gt WAN Set Up Link Set Up T1 E1 Set Up as specifed T1 long haul LBO s LOdb L7 5db L15db L22 5db Short haul LBOs 5010110 511002208 522003304 S330to440ft SA40to550ft S550to660ft AT amp T standard TR64211long haul connection TLOdb AT amp T standard TR64211 short haul connection TSOto110ft TS110to220ft T S220t0330ft TS330to440ft TS440to550ft T S550to660ft If fractional T1 E1 service is being provided you wil need to specify the channels timeslots to be used Set Link Interface Location Main Configuration gt WAN Set Up Link Set Up V T1 E1 Set Up Slot Channel Set Up V Start first channd Number number of channels Some E 1 service providers reserve timeslot 16 for network management use If your service specifie
27. defined in 150 2593 1984 The other end must be terminated in a male 25 pin X 21 bis connector as defined in ISO 2110 1989 85 Interface Pinouts RS232 Null Modem Cable Configuration DB25 MALE The connecting cable must be a shielded cable 1 20 Shield Transmitted Data Received Data Request To Send Data Set Ready DTE Ready Signal Ground Received Line Signal Detector CD Transmit Timing DCE Source Receiver Timing DCE Source Transmit Timing DTE Source DB25 MALE Shield 1 Received Data 3 Transmitted Data 2 Data Set Ready 6 Request To Send 4 Received Line Signal Detector CD 8 Signal Ground 7 DTE Ready 20 Receiver Timing DCE Source 17 Transmit Timing DCE Source 45 Transmit Timing DTE Source 24 Figure D 9 RS232 N ull Modem Cable This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back to back and a set of modems is not available Note that this cable specifies DB25 connectors on each end to allow direct connection to the link interface connector on each unit The link speed must be defined for each of the two units 86 Interface Pinouts V 35 Null Modem Cable Configuration DB25 MALE DB25 MALE 1 Protective GND Protective GND 1 9 Transmitted Data A Received Data A 11 10 Transmitted Data B Received Data B 12 11 Received Data A Transmitted Data A 9 12 Received Data B Transmitted Data B 10 18 Transmitter Signal Element Timing A Receiver Signal E
28. device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Waming The user is cautioned that modifications to this equipment can void the authority granted by the FCC to operate the equipment The following repairs may be made by the customer none Canadian Emissions Standard ICES 003 This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference causing equipment standard entitled D igital Apparatus ICES 003 of the Industry Canada Cet appareil num rique respecte les limites de bruits radio lectriques applicables aux appareils num riques de Classe A prescrites dans la norme sur le mat riel brouilleur Appareils Num riques NMB 003 dict e par Industrie Canada For products marked with the CE Telecommunications label the following declaration applies The manufacturer declares that as shipped from the factory this product is in compliance with the CE Tele
29. en las instrucciones de equipo no sea usado por un largo periodo de tiempo operaci n Todo otro servicio deber ser referido a personal 17 Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos de servicio calificado no sean derramados sobre la cubierta u orificios de 9 El aparato el ctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su ventilaci n posici n no interfiera su uso La colocaci n del aparato 18 Servicio por personal calificado devera ser provisto cuando el ctrico sobre una cama sof alfombra o superficie similar A El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido da ado u puede bloquea la ventilaci n no se debe colocar en libreros o B Objectos han ca do o l quido ha sido derramado dentro gabinetes que impidan el flujo de aire por los orificios de del aparato o ventilaci n C El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia o 10 El equipo el ctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de D El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un fuentes de calor como radiadores registros de calor estufas u cambio en su desempe o 0 E El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido da ada TRADEMARKS IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation VT100 and VT52 are trademarks of D igital Equipment Corporation Wyse is a registered trademark of Wyse Technology Federal Communications Commission FCC Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
30. example only and provide a method of quick configuration of the router The applications and corresponding configuration may be combined if the operation of the router requires more complexity For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the appropriate Menu Reference Manual file for your operating software on the accompanying CD ROM Introduction to Filtering provides an introduction to the pattern filtering options of the router Several examples of typical pattern filters are also provided Menu Trees provides a graphical tree type overview of the structure of the built in menu system of the router All of the configuration is performed using the options provided in the menu system The Menu Tree is like an index to the menu options Octet Locations on Ethemet Frames provides a graphical representation of the various common Ethernet frames that the router will bridge or route When defining a pattern filter these frame displays indicate the offset values to use in order to define the pattern filter correctly Servicing Information provides information on changing Link interfaces Interface Pinouts provides information on Link interface connectors Using The Electronic Reference Manuals This manual and the router Reference Manuals are provided as Adobe Acrobat PDF files on the accompanying CD ROM The Adobe Acrobat Reader program required to view the Manuals is also loaded onto
31. initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the Menus Reference Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 99 Applications Quick Start Frame Relay Since the router auto learns the frame relay configuration only a couple of parameters need to be configured before the unit is fully operational as an IP router for frame relay Upon initial start up the router are pre configured to query the frame relay service to auto learn the LMI type and the PVC DLCI numbers The router will then automatically create a remote site profile for each PVC Within each of the remote site profiles automatically created Bridging IP routing and IPX routing are all set to enabled Because each of these options are enabled by default and the automatically created remote site profiles will establish a PVC connection to the remote site routers the router will bridge and IPX route data without any user configuration Because an IP router requires an IP address the router must be configured with an IP address before IP routing is fully operational To configure an IP address for the router use the IP address option IP Address Location Main Y Configuration Y LAN Set up V LAN IP Set up V IP A ddress mask size If security is required for the PVC connection refer to the Configure PPP Security section for information on setting the security passwords and u
32. network connected to that particular PPP router 31 Applications IPX Router Manual Call Connection To establish an IPX PPP direct dial connection enter the ISDN phone number of the remote site PPP router in the manual dial option Refer to the Configure as an Ethernet IPX Router section 2 3 1 for more information on IPX configuration required Manual Call Location Main V Configuration V Connections Set up V Remote Site Set up Manual Call Enter the ISDN phone number of the remote site IPX PPP router and an ISDN call will be placed IP Router Manual Call Connection To establish an IP PPP direct dial connection the IP addresses must be supplied for this device before the ISD N call may be placed Refer to the Configure as an Ethernet IP Router section 2 1 2 for more information on the IP configuration required IP Address Location Main V Configuration Y LAN Set up V LAN IP Set up P A ddress Subnet mask size Manual Call Location Main V Configuration Y Connections Set up V Remote Site Set up Manual Call Enter the ISDN phone number of the remote site IP PPP router and an ISDN call will be placed 32 Basic Frame Relay Configuration North American routers with at least one non ISD N interface are configured to have frame relay enabled for that interface by default Routers shipped outside of North America with at least one non ISD N interface will have frame relay disabled on that
33. number will be the ISDN phone number used to establish a call between the routers The SPID is used to register the ISDN interface with the central switch For switch type NETS only one directory number is required The router will operate without putting in the directory number for a NETS switch but it is recommended that it be entered Most North American installations use the switch type 1 and must have the directory number entered as well the SPID Service Profile Identifiers value For an NI 1 switch type enter only the local portion of the directory number unless the area code is required for local calls The SPID must be set to the exact number given by the ISDN service provider 29 Applications Once the ISDN switch type and directory numbers have been configured the router must be reset for the new values to take effect and for the ISDN BRI interface to register with the central switch Soft Reset Location Main V Diagnostics Soft Reset Once the router has restarted it is ready to establish ISDN connections With the ISDN numbers and switch type defined an ISDN call may be placed to another properly configured bridge router The calls may be placed manually or automatically The automatic call features available are Auto Call or IP Address Connect An Auto Call connection is established each time the router starts up An IP Address Connect call is established to a specifically configured remote router when cer
34. the CD ROM In addition it is available for most computer operating platforms from Adobe on the Internet at www adobe com The Reference Manual provides the following information Introduction to bridging routing and product features Pin out references for the link modules List of event and alarm logs and Expanded description of programmable filtering The PPP Menu Reference Manual provides the following information Complete description of the options for the built in menu system including PPP ISD N PPP Leased Line 1490 Frame Relay and encapsulated PPP Frame Relay Contents 1 INSTALLATION 1 Unpack the add date 1 beu 1 Identify Reset eee etc en ee Rot Identify Comento 3 Connect to the Console ono esae ev ester red derogare aded dada ped 3 Make the Link 5 4 Power Up the Bridge Router sese 5 Managing the router Using the 5 CONVE sonos addat estne Oa NOR Dada 6 Login to Bridge Router and Enter the Required Configuration 7 Setting the T1 E1Parameters T1 ET WAN only seen 8 Mandatory Configuration dnd re ER Np RE Ug 10 dente SLABS LEDS Ba Ru D dra rata 11 2 TYPICAL
35. two low order fields allow approximately 65 000 host addresses 216 for each network Network Address Host Address PP ee NA COT CO Class B IP Address Class C uses three high order fields to address over 2 million networks the low order field is used to address up to 253 hosts the addresses with all bits set to 1 and all 0 are reserved for network use so addresses available from 8 bits 255 minus the 2 reserved Network Address Host Address cemrm as Class Address addresses within a private network may be assigned arbitrarily however if that network is to interconnect with the global Internet it is necessary to obtain a registered IP address For example a small company is connected to the Internet they are assigned a single class C IP network address 199 169 100 0 This network address allows the company to define up to 253 host addresses within their network 17 Applications Applications Network Address Host Address 199 169 100 0 Masks The portion of the IP address to use as the network address is specified by using a mask a mask is the contiguous number of bits to be used for the network address all set to 1 When the mask is logically AND ed with an IP address the result is the network address The mask is specified by entering the mask size as the number of bits in the mask For the standard Class A B and C Internet addresses the mask siz
36. will be assigned This value must be set Two other values must be set before the remote site profiles are fully configured the CIR and EIR The Committed Information Rate CIR option specifies the data rate that the Frame Relay service has guaranteed to provide The Excess Information Rate EIR option specifies the data rate that the Frame Relay service indicates may be available for this PVC CIR Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Y Connection Set up CIR The CIR value specifies the guaranteed data rate for this PVC This value must be set to the same as the value provided by the Frame Relay network provider The value of 0 indicates that there is no commitment on the data rate Configuration When changing the CIR option for this PVC the PVC must be disabled and Note then enabled before the new value will take effect 43 Applications EIR Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Connection Set up EIR The EIR value specifies the indicated data rate that may be available for this PVC This value must be set to the same as the value provided by the Frame Relay network provider When EIR 0 no excess burst data is allowed to be transmitted If EIR is non zero bursting is allowed The only restriction is that CIR EIR gt 0 Configuration When changing the EIR option for this PVC the PVC must
37. with a leased link The administrator at the corporate head office wishes to set up an IP firewall to allow everyone on the Internet to have access to the corporate FTP and Web servers and nothing else The administrator also wishes to allow all of the TCP traffic from the branch office network to have access to the head office Anyone in the corporation may have unrestricted access to the Internet Main FTP server 195 100 1 12 Main Web server 195 100 1 20 Corporate Head Office Network 195 100 1 0 Branch Office Network 195 100 2 0 Router with firewall enabled Any other network any IP address Figure 2 13 Sample Firewall Application The following steps must be performed on the router to set up the firewall support as desired 54 Applications First the firewall on the ISP connection remote site 1 of the WAN is set up The firewall option is set to inbound to have this WAN firewall filter traffic from the ISP to the router while allowing unrestricted access out to the Internet Firewall Location Main Configuration Applications Set up Firewall Set up WAN Firewall Set up enter ID 1 for ISP remote site Firewall inbound The firewall on the Internet connection is set up to protect the entire corporate network including the branch office from unauthorized traffic Then the entries are made in the D esignated Servers menu to allow Internet access to the FTP and Web servers
38. 00 defined on router IPX Network Address 1512 Novell IPX Client Novell Server Novell IPX Client Novell IPX Client Figure 2 4 IPX Routed Local Area N etworks Servers on one side 22 Applications The following steps must be performed on the router connected to LAN 2 IPX Routing Disabled Location Main V Configuration V IPX Routing Set up V5 PX Routing Disabling IPX routing allows the IPX frame types to be modified Configuration IPX Routing does not need to be disabled in order to change the defined Note network numbers on a PPP router IPX Frame Types Location Main V Configuration V5 LAN Set up V LAN IPX Set up Ys E Frames V RAW 802 3 Frames V IEEE 802 2 Frames V 802 2 SN A P Frames Define the IPX network number for the appropriate frame type Note that IPX network numbers must be unique If more than one frame type is to be used each frame type must have a unique IPX network number There must be no duplicate IPX network numbers within your entire IPX routed network they must all be unique The IPX network numbers may be any value from 0 to FFFFFFFF HEX IPX Routing Enabled Location Main V Configuration V IPX Routing Set up V5 PX Routing IPX routing must be re enabled to allow the router to operate as an IPX router with the newly defined IPX network numbers All connected router IPX routers must have IPX routing enabled for IPX routing to take place between t
39. APPLICATIONS amp HOW TO CONFIGURE THEM 13 Bridging and ROUGE Ee Uu teg 14 Should You Bridge dia sas RV o 14 BRACING 15 detenti ed broad ao adepto cip dao ao d 16 TP SA ddresSinig ais teet rettet be tne veuve titled eodeni 17 c 18 TP SUD MOUS oisi au E ERRARE AREE RR RI UR RIA 18 efault Gateway coepere me pede tetris 20 IP Static Role iii 20 FPX ROUGNO a 21 Novell Servers in Both Locations ccsssssssssssssssessssescssescsseccssscssscsssssssssccssscessecssseesseceses 21 Novell Servers in One Location Ony cssssessssesssssscssessssessssessssesessessssccsssecsseccssecessecsses 22 Novell Server with D ual LANS c sccsssesssssessseecsseccssecsssescsssscssscsssccsssccssscsessccessccssecsssecessecssss 24 PPP O VOD VIBW scis iei pa UR 25 PPP LNK Contigurabon eti 25 Numberequinks ca cioe mette eb ene Nee UNE Ch 25 AAA O 26 Multilink Operation cicccinccinnnocnscrssrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrs 27 Basic WAN Configurations 28 Basic ISD N CODBOOCLOTIS anidaci n 28 PPP ISDN Manual Call Quick Connections eene 31 IPX Router Manual Call Connection cccsessssssssssscssessssessssesssscsssessseesssecsssesesseseseeees 32 IP Router Manual Call Connection ccccssssssssessssessssescssccssscsssecssecsss
40. IPX HEADER 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Checksum LENGTH Transport DESTINATION NETWORK 10 11 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 I I 1 I 1 DESTINATION HOST DESTINATION SOURCENETWORK 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 SOURCE SOURCEHOST SOURCE NOVELLSPX HEADER 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 4l 1 1 I Connection Datastream SOURCE DESTINATION SEQUENCE ACKNOWLEDGE ALLOCATION Control Type CONNECTION ID CONNECTION ID NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NOVELL DATA FIELD AND ETHERNET CHECKSUM 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 w X Y 2 DATA FIELD UPTO 534 OCTETS OF DATA ETHERNET CHECKSUM 69 Octet Locations Octet Locations on a Bridged XNS Frame LEVEL 2 ETHERNET 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ETHERNET DESTINATION ADDRESS ETHERNET SOURCE ADDRESS TYPE CODE INTERNET PACKET 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CHECKSUM LENGTH Packet DESTINATION NETWORK Control 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 3 33 34 35 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DESTINATION HOST SOURCE NETWORK 3 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 461 W X Y 2 1 L 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SOURCE HOST ETHERNET CHECKSUM SEQUENCED PACKET PROTOCOL 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 2 23 1 1 1 1 Li 1 1 1 1 CHECKSUM LENGTH DESTINATION NETWORK 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 DESTINATION HOS SOURCE NETWORK 38 39 40 4l 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
41. N call parameters must be defined so that the router knows what ISDN phone number to dial when a connection to this remote site is required and what security parameters to use when establishing a connection When this router receives an ISDN connection it will prompt the calling device for a user name and password PPP access security once the name and password have been authenticated the user name is used to search the remote site profile entries to find a match Once a match is found the configuration parameters defined within that remote site profile are used to finish establishing the PPP connection For example if this router receives an ISDN call from another device and in response to the user name prompt receives the name Calgary it will look in the remote site list for a profile with the alias Calgary If the Calgary profile is found the parameters in it will be used for password authentication and completion of the connection If there is no match for the user name Calgary the call will be rejected The remote site profile alias user name of the security entry and the user name defined on the partner PPP router must all be the same for the connection to be established Remote Site ISDN Phone Number Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Connection Set up V ISDN Call Set up V ISDN Number The ISDN number defined here is the ISDN phone number of the remote
42. Number Number Name DCE DCE po Ground NA om O mem j RequsttoSend X Rm j DataSetReady X SignlGrund NA Data Channel Received Line Signal Detector X Transmitted Data A Transmitted Data B x Received Data A Received Data B O xXx E A HUNE PRIN Receiver Signal Element Timing A aE Receiver Signal Element Timing EE RE Transmitter Signal Element Timing A X Transmitter Signal Element Timing B X DataTermina Ready X 2 Locallgopbak gt CalingIndiatr 7 X Transmitter Signal Element Timing A x Transmitter Signal Element Timing B Figure D 8 V 35 Link Pin Outs L1 A NE NN NI 3 as c 6 E pe 55 Boi 8 F M ME L0 S a qo R d 12 T ap pu M a pou dq 1 16 x a 18 U 19 w 20 H E RENE RU Eaa a Y 24 25 The connecting cable must be shielded cable Interface Pinouts Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable NOTE For U K Approval The connecting cable may be any length between 0 and 5M One end must be terminated in a male 34 pin X 21 bis connector as
43. Octet Locations on a Bridged TCP IP Frame LEVEL2ETHERNET 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ETHERNET DESTINATION ADDRESS ETHERNET SOURCE ADDRESS TYPECODE INTERNET PROTOCOL 14 15 16 17 8 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 ver mL Beef TOTALLENGTH IDENTIFICATION rigs FRAGMENT TIMETO norocor HEADER 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 SOURCE ADDRESS DESTINATION ADDRESS TRANSPORT CONTROL PROTOCOL 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 4 42 43 44 45 SOURCEPORT DESTINATION SEQUENCE NUMBER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT NUMBER 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 1 Reserved WINDOW CHECKSUM URGENTPOINTER DATA FIELD 58 59 60 61 62 63 a W X Y 2 1 DATA FIELD NEXT 500 OCTETS ETHERNETCHECKSUM 67 Octet Locations Octet Locations on a Bridged Novell Netware Frame LEVEL2ETHERNET 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 I 1 ETHERNET DESTINATION ADDRESS ETHERNET SOURCE ADDRESS TYPECODE NOVELLIPXHEADER 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Checksum LENGTH Transport PACKET DESTINATION NETWORK 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 DESTINATION HOST DESTINATION SOURCE NETWORK 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 SOURCE SOURCE HOST SOURCE NOVELL SPX HEADER 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
44. PPP is a connection protocol that allows control over the set up and monitoring of network communications It is used in procedures for user authentication name and password connection management spoofing bandwidth on demand multilink and compression If any these functions are required on a frame relay connection PPP encapsulation within frame relay is available PPP Link Configuration A PPP connection between two routers may use a number of Network Control Protocols for communication An IP router connection will use the Internet Protocol Control Protocol IPCP for all IP communications An IPX router connection will use the Internet Packet Exchange Control Protocol IPX CP for all IPX communications In order to establish an IPCP or IPXCP link connection between two PPP routers either a numbered link or an unnumbered link connection must be established The two types of link connections are available to allow for greater flexibility between vendors products Numbered Links A numbered link assigns a network address either IP or IPX to both ends of the WAN connection In a numbered link configuration the WAN connection may be viewed as another LAN network with the two PPP routers simply routing information between their local LANs and the common connected WAN network Because the WAN is considered a separate network each of the stations on that network must be assigned a network address If a numbered IP link is to be establish
45. Series 5000 Bridge Router User and System Administration Guide LR5100A T LR5200A R2 0 Copyright 2002 by Black Box Corporation CSU D SU module RJ485 ISDN module RJ45 Series 5100 1 of 3 possible LAN connectors BNC female Thinnet RJ45 female 10BaseT or DB15 female AUT Series 5200 LAN connector RJ45 female 10 100 BaseT Speed Ethernet Series 5100 10 Mbps Series 5200 10 100 Mbps WAN V 35 V 11 V24 6 703 up to 2 048 Mbps aggregate CSU DSU WAN 56 64 Kbps ISDN WAN 128 Kbps Protocol IP amp IPX Multi Protocol router capabilities Console port D B25 female Protocol independent MAC layer bridging SNMP terminal access Power 100 250VAC 50 60 Hz 0 3 0 7 A Indicators 4 LEDs Power LAN Link 1 Link 2 internal IEC950 male connector Connectors V 35 module D B25 female Size Bridge Routers 2 5 H x 8 W x 14 5 D V 11 X 21 module D B15 female 6 5 x 20 5 x 37 V 24 RS 232 module D B25 female WAN Interface Modules 2 H x 2 W x 4 D 5 5 x RS 442 RS 530module D B25 female 5 5 X 10 5 cm G 703module BNC female Weight Bridge Routers 11 lb 4 9 kg INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD Normas Oficiales Mexicanas Electrical Safety Statement 1 Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operaci n deber n ser otros aparatos incluyendo amplificadores que producen le das antes de que el aparato el ctrico sea operado calor 2 Las instrucciones de seguridad y operaci n deber n
46. TERMINATED The TERMINATED position is used when the bridge router is the only ISDN device connected to the ISD N circuit Removing the W5 and W6 straps sets the module to UNTERMINATED This allows this bridge router to be part of a daisy chain connection to the ISDN circuit by using the ISDN AUX connector JUMPERS W6 W5 vy Figure C 5 ISDN S T Module Termination setting jumpers Connecting to the ISDN U Link Module The connection to the central office is made with the RJ45 connector on the panel of the U Module Pins 4 and 5 are used for the connection These pins are polarity insensitive The Ferrite module included with the ISDN U Module must be installed on the cable that is connected to the ISDN U Module The Ferrite module must be installed approximately two inches from the RJ45 connector at the bridge router end of the cable The cable must pass through the Ferrite module twice with a Single loop around the Ferrite module 2 from connector A RJ45 connector on the end connecting to the ISDN U Module Ferrite module installed on the cable Figure C 6 Ferrite Module Installed on the Cable 75 Servicing Information Performing a Software U pgrade 1 Execute the Network TFTP command from the Load FLASH Set Up menu 2 Enter none to connect locally or enter the remote site ID number or alias to connect to
47. WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Activation V Threshold Up Threshold D own T hreshold U p Stability timer D own Stability timer 41 Applications Configure Remote Site Profile for Frame Relay Each of the PVC s on the frame relay service must be configured within an individual remote site profile on the router This is usually done automatically through the auto learning process When the frame relay router first starts up it will query the frame relay service to try to determine the PVC configurations If the DLCI numbers of the PVC s on your service are determined during startup the router will automatically create remote site profile for each PVC The automatically created remote site profiles will be named LinkxD LClyyy where is the physical link number the PVC is on and yyy is the DLCI of the PVC If during this learning process the maximum number of remote sites has been reached the router will prompt you that there are no remote sites available A new remote site cannot be auto created unless one of the existing remote sites is manually deleted These automatically created remote site profiles may be renamed for easier identification or usage by changing the Remote Site A lias Remote Site Profile Alias Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Remote Site A lias Configuration When configuring the router to use PAP or CHAP sec
48. ach Menu may identify the router being controlled If there is no data transmitted or received for a period of 5 minutes the Telnet session will be disconnected To disconnect from the router being controlled enter Control C C Telnet security considerations Telnet may be disabled to prevent remote access control of the router If Telenet access is enabled the device password should be changed to some value other than the default to prevent unauthorized access Location Main Y Configuration V Access Set up V Device Set up Password Applications Applications Setting the T1 E1Parameters T1 E1 WAN only The parameters required for a T1 or E1 connection may be obtained from your service provider These may then be entered via the T1 1 set up menu to configure the router for that service TY E1 Selection Location Main Configuration WAN Set Up V Link Set Up T1 E1 Set Up Link mode TlorE1 Set the service mode to which this router will be connected Service parameters Location Main Configuration WAN Set Up V Link Set Up T1 E1 Set Up Speed Channel rate 56 64 kbps T1 E1framing framed unframed SF E SF Line encoding AMI INV B8ZS H D B3 Select the service channel speed framing format and encoding as designated by the service provider T1 service requires the specification of a Line Build Out factor This parameter modifies the transmitted signal to
49. ation 5 4 Receive Data A Transmit Data A 2 5 Indication A Control A 3 6 Signal Element Timing A Signal Element Timing A 6 7 Not Used Not Used 7 8 Signal Ground Signal Ground 8 9 Transmit Data B Receive Data 11 10 Control B Indication 12 11 Receive Data B Transmit Data B 9 12 Indication B Control 10 13 Signal Element Timing B Signal Element Timing B 13 14 Not Used NotUsed 14 15 Not Used NotUsed 15 Figure D 13 V 11 X 21N ull Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back to back and a set of modems is not available Note that this cable specifies DB15 connectors on each end to allow direct connection to the link interface connector on each unit The link speed must be defined for each of the two units When using this cable to connect two units back to back a jumper must be installed on pinheaders W8 and W9 on one of the V 11 X 27 interface modules This allows that particular module to generate the required timing signals 5500147 10 90
50. ation port Description Entry direction ARP Set Up 51 ARP aging timer 1 Destination 2 ARP retry timer T ET 5 Show ARP table 13 14 Cost 55 Private 16 Add Remove 17 Network mask 8 Status 2 Static Routes Static Services 4 NAT Exports 5 Syslog 1 Edit Services 1 1 Syslog 2 Router port z 2 Syslog 3 Default export 1 3 Events 4 Show services 4 Security 5 Clear services 5 5 Activation 6 Firewall 1 Edit Services 1 Other Services menu 2 E mail 3 POP 2 3 4 FTP 5 WWW HTTP 6 Telnet 7 DNS 1 Other Services 1 NAT port 2 Status 3 Host IP address 4 Host port 5 Description 6 Remove Router Port Telnet TFTP 8 Filter Set Up lI MAC Address Filters 1 MAC Address Filters 2 Bridge Pattern Filters 3 IP Router Pattern Filters 4 Filter Operation IPX Router Pattern Filters 1 2 3 Broadcast Address E 4 Show Bridging Table 5 Show Permanent Table 6 Clear Bridging Table 1 l Statistics Set Up 1 Extended Statistics Interface stats Interface status Clear link amp interface stats 111 Eus setup menu Interval 2 Remote site information men t 3 LAN statistics menu Clear All Statistics 4 Link stats 5 Link summary 6 7 8 1 Soft Reset 1 Trace link 2 Full Reset 2 Real Time 3 Heartbeat z 3 Capt
51. ch possible PPP connection Each remote site profile is named with an alias The alias provides a simple method of maintaining configuration control over the remote site profiles defined For example a remote site profile may be created with a name that describes the location of the remote PPP router The alias also provides a method of matching a remote site profile and its configuration settings to a particular user name on an incoming connection When a PPP security user name is defined the same as one of the remote site profiles that remote site profile will be used for PPP negotiations after the security authentication process has passed In other words when this router receives a link connection attempt it will prompt the remote device for a user name and password PPP security Once the name and password have been authenticated the user name is used to search the remote site profile entries to find a match Once a match is found the configuration parameters defined within that remote site profile are used to finish establishing the PPP connection The outgoing user name in the remote site security parameters entry and the remote site alias defined on the partner PPP router must be the same to allow for proper operation The following steps must be performed on the router in order to define a new remote site profile Remote Site Profile ID amp Alias Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up Y Remote Site Set up V Edit Re
52. communications Terminal Equipment Directive 91 263 EEC with the marking C 168 X applied in respect of this declaration and in respect of the following telecommunications interfaces X 21 V 11 NET 1 X 21bis V 28 and X 21bis V 35 NET 2 PSTN ISDN Basic Rate Interface compatible with 1 420 NET 3 The manufacturer further declares that the product conforms with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC for radiated emissions at the Class A level This product is not intended for residential applications ISDN Type Approval Labels Labels for National ISDN Type Approvals can be found on the inside surface of the backpanel of the ISD N module Canadian ISDN Approval The ISDN interface of this device is intended for direct connection to the S T jack of an NT 1 unit and therefore does not require Communications Canada certification The Series 5000 should only be connected to Communications Canada approved NT 1 units Statements for ISDN U Module NOTICE The Canadian D epartment of Communications label identifies certified equipment This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety requirements The D epartment does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user s satisfaction Before installing this equipment users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the
53. dress on a private network to valid global IP addresses for access to the Internet Network Address Port Translation NAPT translates both the IP address and the port number The advantage of port translation is that more than one private IP address can be translated to the same global IP address Port translation allows data exchanges initiated from hosts with private IP addresses to be sent to the Internet via the router using a single global IP address A global IP address must be assigned to the WAN link upon which NAPT is enabled for port translation to work The global IP address will be assigned by the ISP To use NAPT the private network addresses of the services that will be available globally must be assigned NAT Exports Location Main V Configuration V Applications Set up V NAT Exports Edit Services V enter the private network IP address of each service offered Then NAT Network Address Translation is enabled NAT Enable Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up IP Parameters V5 NAT Enabled E nabled Configuration When running frame relay RAW 1490 the local IP address and peer router IP Note address must be set in the IP parameters menu 50 Private Network Addresses e mail server 1 1 1 2 telnet server 1 1 1 3 WWW server 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 6 Applications e ee Internet Service Provider y
54. e second link If BACP is not used the partner routers will use proprietary negotiations to determine which router is to activate the second link 98 Introduction to Filtering 3 Introduction to Filtering This router provides programmable filtering which gives you the ability to control under what conditions Ethernet frames are forwarded from one network to another There are many reasons why this might need to be accomplished some of which are security protocol discrimination bandwidth conservation and general restrictions Filtering may be accomplished by using two different methods The first method is to filter or forward frames based solely on their source or destination MAC address This method of filtering is useful when bridging between LANs and for providing remote access security in any type of network The Ethernet MAC Media Access Control address is checked against the addresses in the filtering list and the frame is filtered or forwarded accordingly The second method of filtering is pattern filtering where each frame is checked against a filter pattern The filter pattem may be defined to perform a check of any portion of the Ethernet frame Separate filter patterns may be defined for bridged frames IP routed frames and IPX routed frames For more information on filtering please refer to the Programmable Filtering section of the router Reference Manual located on the accompanying CD RO M MAC Address Filtering
55. ed then each WAN interface must be assigned an IP address on a unique IP network The WAN IP network address must be different from the two existing networks that are being connected together with the PPP routers Location Main V Configuration V Connections Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up V P Parameters V Link IP address If a numbered IPX link is to be established then each WAN interface must be assigned an IPX node address on a unique IPX network number The WAN IPX network address must be different from the two existing networks that are being connected together with the PPP routers The IPX node address of the local WAN link is defined as the Local IPX N ode within the remote site profile settings The IPX address of the WAN link of the remote PPP router is defined as the Peer IPX Node within the remote site profile settings The WAN IPX network number is defined with the IPX N et option in the remote site profile settings 25 Applications Applications Unnumbered Links An unnumbered link does not use network addressing on the WAN link The WAN connection is roughly equivalent to an internal connection with each of the two end point routers operating as half of a complete router that is connected between the two endpoint LANs When an IPCP link is set to unnumbered the only configuration option applicable is Peer IP Address The peer IP address in this case is the IP address of t
56. eessseesssesesseeeseeees 32 Basic Frame Relay Config uration c sccssscssssssssssssesssscsssssessssesseesssssssssscsseesseeeseeseeees 33 Auto Learning the Frame Relay Configuration eerte 34 Manual Configuration LMI Type ccsscssssssessssessssssssssssssessssscsssssssssssssccesscsssecssseeessesesse 35 Quick Start Frame Relays era aA bre TES 36 Basic Leased Line CON er ne res d repe a pier 37 Quick Start PPP Leased Line 565 37 Bridge CoMo 38 P Router 38 TPX Router Connection 38 Configure Remote Site Profiles essere 39 Configure Remote Site Profiles for ISD N PPP sees 40 Contents Configure Remote Site Profile for Frame Relay sese 42 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Leased Line 45 Configure Remote Site Profiles for Frame Relay with ISDN backup 47 Advanced dion Ptr cr CORNUA Am uas NN 48 Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol sse 48 Network Address Translation and Port Translation sss 50 A AA T Configure PPP Security
57. ere and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled RS530 on the back of the unit 13 1 25 dl Direction Contact Circuit To From Number Circuit DCE DCE ProtectiveGround TransmittedData X ReceivedDatta 1 X RequsttoSend X QOleartoSend 1 X DataSetRedy 1 X SignalGround NA ReceivedlineSignalDetector X Receive Signal Element Timing DCE Source X ReceivedlineSignalDetector X DA B Transmit Signal Element Timing DTE Source X x x Received Data X x DataTerminal Ready X Remoteloopback CC B DataSetReady X CD B Data Terminal Ready X DA Transmit Signal Element Timing DTE Source X gt AE ZEE EI Figure D 7 RS530 Link Pinouts Clear to Send x Transmit Signal Element Timing DCE Source Receive Signal Element Timing DCE Source The connecting cable must be a shielded cable Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable 84 V 35 Link Pinouts The connector pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled V 35 on the back of the unit DB25 M 34 Direction Contact Contact Circuit To From
58. es would be 8 16 and 24 respectively Networks are not restricted to the above standard sizes the mask and hence the network address it specifies may be any number of bits from 8 to 32 This gives much more flexibility to match the size of the two fields of the IP address to the number of networks and hosts to be serviced IP Subnets An IP network may be divided into smaller networks by a process called sub netting A subnet is specified using some of the high order bits of the host field of the IP address for sub network addressing The portion of the IP address to be used as the subnet address is defined by using a subnet mask If the company in the example above Class C IP address 199 169 100 0 decides to split their network into two LANs to reduce the load on their network the original IP network address may be sub netted into two or more smaller IP networks consisting of a smaller number of host addresses in each LAN This allows each of the sites to be a smaller IP network and to be routed together to allow inter network communication Network Address Subnet Host Bits Address Subnet Addressing The subnet mask size is the number of bits in the subnet mask In the above figure the subnet mask size would be 26 24 bits for the class C network address and 2 subnet bits The subnet size is the number of subnet bits in the above figure the subnet size would be 2 18 Applications The router allows mask sizes from 8 to 32 bi
59. face of each router to the equipment supplied by the service provider Configure the remote site profile of the partner router if necessary Establish the WAN connection 15 Applications IP Routing An Ethernet IP router is used to intelligently route Internet Protocol IP traffic to another network The networks may be connected across a WAN link illustrated below or two LANs connected to the same dual LAN router Router IP Address Router IP Address IP Network Address 199 169 2 0 IP Network Address 199 169 1 0 TCP IP Network TCP IP Network Figure 2 2 Networks Routed across a WAN link IP routers forward IP frames based upon their IP destination address and an internal routing table The router maintains the internal routing table with the connected network IP addresses and for WAN link connections the remote partner IP routers associated with those networks When an IP frame is received the destination IP address is examined and looked up in the routing table In the case of a dual LAN router if the destination IP address is on the other LAN the packet is routed there For WAN connections if the destination IP network is found in the routing tables the IP router sends the IP frame to the remote partner router that is connected to the appropriate remote IP network If no explicit route entry is found in the routing table the IP frame is sent to the D efault G ateway The Default ateway may be
60. facilities of the local telecommunication company The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier Any repairs or alteration made by the user to this equipment or equipment malfunctions may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas CAUTION Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority or electrician as appropriate Using T his Manual This Installation and A pplications G uide provides the basic information required to initially set up and configure the router This guide is organized into the following sections Installation provides instructions for installing the router Typical Applications amp H ow to Configure T hem provides simple configuration examples for typical applications in which the router might be used The applications described in this document are for
61. from the bridge router 2 Remove the screw securing the interface module to the rear of the bridge router 3 Remove the interface module from the bridge router Be sure to grip the module only by the flange at the bottom of the metal panel 4 Install the new interface module and secure it with the screw 5 Power up the bridge router Important there must be a module in slot 1 left side module position when viewed from the rear of the unit before a module in slot 2 center position will operate For this model if a LAN 2 module is installed it must go in slot 1 Note in addition that installing a LAN 2 module will clear the IP address of LAN 1 After installing a LAN 2 module the IP address for both LANs must be entered Selecting MDI or MDI X LAN Interface For most LANs where a number of devices are connected via a hub this router will be connected via the LAN cable to the MDI port However in locations where a single workstation is to be connector to the router the cable from the workstation should be plugged into the MDI X port This eliminates the need for a hub at a remote site that has only one LAN device 73 Servicing Information Installing the ISDN Link Modules If there is an ISDN module plus another type of WAN interface module or if there is a single ISDN module the ISDN U or 5 Module must only be installed in the Slot 1 position The slot 2 position may contain another type of WAN module or may be un
62. ging should be used when the network consists of non routable protocols or routable protocols using the same network numbers Some protocols can only be bridged some of the more well known are NetBEUI used by Microsoft Windows and LAT used by Digital Equipment Corp If your IPX or IP network address is the same at both locations bridging is simpler and requires less configuration If the locations are to be routed together the network numbers will have to be different in both cases this could require extensive reconfiguration IPX routing should be used if the two locations are already set up with different IPX network numbers Routing IPX will minimize the number of SAP and RIP messages being sent across the WAN IP routing should be used if the two locations are already set up with different IP network numbers or if you wish to divide your one IP network number into two sub networks In some cases both bridging and routing may be required Routing may be required for IP information and bridging may be required for NetBEUI 14 Applications Bridging An Ethernet bridge intelligently forwards Ethernet data packet traffic between connected networks The traffic may be across the Wide Area Network illustrated below or in the case of the router may be between two LANs connected to the same unit WAN connection Windows for Workgroups Computers Windows for Workgroups Computers Figure 2 1N etworks Bridged across a WAN link
63. h 1 must still be set as noted above 1 gt 7 2 gt 8 7 gt 1 8 gt 2 A DSU CSU crossover cable would be constructed as follows 80 Interface Pinouts Console Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled Console on the back of the unit 13 1 25 14 Contact IEEE Circuit Direction Number Circuit Circuit Name To From Number Desig DCE DCE Ring Indicator Figure D 3 Console Pinouts The connecting cable must be a shielded cable When connecting the router console directly to amodem a null modem cable must be used because both the router console and the modem are DCE devices A null modem cable with pinouts according to the following figure must be used router Contact Number Modem Contact Number Figure D 4 Console N ull Modem Cable Pinouts 81 Interface Pinouts V 24 amp RS232C Link Pinouts The connector shown here and pinouts described here correspond to the connector labeled RS232 V 24 on the back of the unit 13 1 25 dl Contact CCITT Circuit Circuit Direction Number Circuit Number DCE DCE ee a Data Set Ready Signal Ground Received Line Signal Detector CD O O OU m O gt 00 Transmit Signal Element Timing Source Pe 0000 Receive Signal Element Timing Source Local Loopback Data Terminal Ready Ring Indicator Transmit Signal
64. he LANs When one of the routers on a network has IPX routing disabled all of the router IPX routers will become bridges only for IPX frames 23 Applications IPX Forwarding Enabled Location Main V Configuration V PX Routing Set up V5 PX Forwarding IPX forwarding must be re enabled to allow the router to forward IPX frames onto the WAN to the partner router IPX routers The IPX Forwarding function enables or disables the forwarding of IPX traffic when IPX routing is enabled When IPX forwarding is disabled all IPX traffic across the WAN links will be blocked While IPX forwarding is disabled the router will still operate as an IPX router and maintain its routing and server tables Novell Server with Dual LANs If an ROUTER is configured with two LAN interface modules the setup will be similar to the above configuration the difference being that rather than configuring the IPX numbers on different routers they are configured on different IPX Frame Types Location Main V Configuration V LAN Set up select LAN 1 or LAN2 V LAN IPX Set up V E thenet 11 Frames RAW 802 3 Frames V IEEE 802 2 Frames V 802 2 SN A P Frame 2 The configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the router Menus Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 24 PPP Overview Point to Point Protocol
65. he host portion of the IP address for known networks Known networks include any local networks plus standard A B and C class addresses With the DHCP Services and IP Address Pool defined devices may be attached to the network up to the maximum specified and they will be automatically configured When setting up router as DHCP server that will have both a DNS server on the internal network and remote connection to another DNS server for example through an ISP then the local DNS server should be set as the primary DNS and the external DNS server as the secondary DNS 40 7 Applications DNS Set Up Location Main Configuration Application Set up DHCP Set up DNS Set up Primary DNS IP address local D N S server Secondary DNS P address external D N S server External DNS Server Secondary i Cy O Internet Service ET d Provider Local DNS Server _ Primary Figure 2 10 Local Extemal DNS Server Configuration The configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the PPP Menus Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 49 Applications Network Address Translation and Port Translation The router provides support for Network Address Translation NAT Network Address Translation is a technique that translates private IP ad
66. he remote PPP router that is the IP address of its LAN connection If the peer IP address is not specified the router will attempt to determine it when negotiating the IPCP connection When an IPXCP link is set to unnumbered no addressing configuration is required All of the IPX settings are negotiated during the IPXCP connection When making a raw frame relay no PPP encapsulation connection with unnumbered links the IP network address of each partner router must be manually entered in the remote site set up for the link to operate Location Main V Configuration V Connections Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up V P Parameters V Peer IP address 26 Applications Multilink Operation Multilink operation defines the use of more than one link to connect between two PPP routers When a multilink connection is required simply enable the Multilink O peration option of the remote site profile for that connection When a multilink connection is established the multilink MP options within the PPP set up and Advanced PPP set up menus will determine the operation of the multilink connection Location Main Y Configuration WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up Multilink E nabled 27 Applications Basic WAN Configurations Basic ISDN Connections If this router are configured as an ISDN bridge router it may establish WAN connections t
67. he router This may mean for example that the remote site set up is configured differently for an ISDN PPP router than for Frame Relay 2 The information icon is used to indicate that more information is available on this subject The information is usually located within another document as specified AN The caution icon indicates that caution should be taken when performing this task Note m E Login to Bridge Router and Enter the Required Configuration At the login screen type a 1 and the default password to enter the menu system of the Router The default password is BRIDGE case sensitive and should be changed if security is desired With the options of the built in menu system the router may be configured to operate within your environment Refer to the PPP Menus Manual file for your operating software on the accompanying CD ROM for a complete description of all the Menu O ptions The menu system of the router may also be used to view system statistics Bridge Router database changes and statistics viewing may be done remotely by establishing Telnet connections to a partner bridge router across the WAN This is accomplished by seeding the option Location Main V Configuration V Access Set up V Telnet Set up Y Specify the name or IP address of the router you wish to connect to for configuration purposes or viewing of statistics Noting the Device name at the top left of e
68. ignal Ground 8 Received Line Signal Detector A 10 Received Line Signal Detector B 15 Transmit Timing A DCE Source 12 Transmit Timing DCE Source 24 Transmit Timing A DTE Source 11 Transmit Timing B DTE Source 18 Local Loopback 21 Remote Loopback 17 Receiver Timing A DCE Source DB25 MALE Shield 1 Received Data 3 Received Data B 16 Transmitted Data 2 Transmitted Data B 14 DCE Ready A 6 DCE Ready B 22 Clear To Send 5 Clear To Send B 13 Request To Send A 4 Request To Send B 19 Received Line Signal Detector 8 Received Line Signal Detector B 10 Signal Ground 7 DTE Ready A 20 DTE Ready B 23 Receiver Timing A DCE Source 17 Receiver Timing B DCE Source 9 Transmit Timing A DTE Source 24 Transmit Timing B DTE Source 11 Local Loopback 18 Remote Loopback 21 Transmit Timing A DCE Source 15 9 Receiver Timing B DCE Source Transmit Timing B DCE Source 12 25 Test Mode Test Mode 25 Figure D 11 RS530 N ull Modem Cable Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back to back and a set of modems is not available Note that this cable specifies DB25 connectors on each end to allow direct connection to the link interface connector on each unit The link speed must be defined for each of the two units
69. ill match Popular Filters Shown here are some of the more commonly used pattern filters Bridge Bridge pattern filters are applied to Ethernet frames that are bridged only When the router is operating as a router all routed frames will be unaffected by the bridge pattern filters IP amp Related Traffic IP amp Related Traffic Forward only 12 0800 12 0806 _ 2 12 0800 12 0806 Novell IPX Frames Novell IPX Frames EMemel GAB _ aa EE NetBIOS amp NetBEUI Windows For Workgroups NetBIOS amp NetBEUI Windows For Workgroups Forward only 14 FOFO 61 Introduction to Filtering Note Banyan Banyan 12 0BAD 12 80C4 12 80C5 IP Router IP router pattern filters are applied to IP Ethernet frames that are being routed When the router is operating as an IP router all IP routed frames will be checked against the defined IP router pattern filters IP routed frames are unaffected by the bridge pattern filters and the IPX router pattern filters NetBlOS over TCP NetBIOS over TCP NETBIOS Name Service 22 0089 NETBIOS Datagram Service 22 008A NETBIOS Session Service 22 008B Uses the TCP Destination Port location Other interesting TCP Ports Other interesting TCP Ports m Fe m xw Tea 62 Appendix Menu Trees The menu trees on the following pages are a graphical representation of the hierarchy of
70. ime to perform the compression than to transmit the raw data Enable compression Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up V5 CCP parameters V Compression Y Enabled 97 Applications Applications Bandwidth On Demand The router may be set to activate its secondary link when the load on the primary link exceeds a user defined threshold Set the traffic loads for enabling and disabling the secondary circuit Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Activation Set up V5 Threshold Set up up threshold V up stability timer down threshold V down stability timer The up and down stability timers are the delay times that the primary link must be above the threshold before the secondary is activated or below threshold before it is brought down This prevents activation or deactivation of the secondary link due to momentary peaks or drops in traffic Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol BACP may be used to negotiate the link activation between partner routers BACP must be used if the partner router is not another router Enable BACP Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Protocol Set up V BACP Set up BACP V enable V call mode local or partner Call mode determines which router originates the call to bring up th
71. ing material to protect the bridge router should it ever need to be moved or returned for service Check the packing slip that identifies the components and the LAN connector Select a Site Place the bridge router in a well ventilated area The site should maintain normal office temperature and humidity levels Air vents located on the sides of the bridge router must have approximately one inch 2 5 centimeters of clearance from any object Applications Identify the Reset Switch The small hole under the front right corner of the faceplate is used in case a hardware reset is required The end of a paper clip is sufficient to toggle the small switch behind the hole Front View RESET Bottom View Figure 1 1 Location of the Reset Hole on Router Identify the Connectors Important The router is configured with a 10 100BaseT LAN and either one or two optional interface modules The optional modules may be a second LAN 10 BaseT a second LAN plus one WAN module a singe WAN module or two WAN modules If a second LAN module is installed it must be in the slot 1 leftmost position when viewed from the rear of the unit to operate In addition if only one optional interface module is installed it must be in slot 1 Each interface may be changed by simply removing the existing module and installing a new module Refer to Appendix D Servicing Information for information on replacing modules Link 1 module Link
72. interface as a default setting See the following page for instructions on switching Frame relay from disabled to enabled If the router is configured as a frame relay router it will communicate over WAN connections to other Frame Relay units via Frame Relay Permanent Virtual Circuits PVC From 1 to 128 PVC s may be defined to connect to other frame relay units Before the router can establish a PVC connection to another frame relay router at least one PVC must be defined The router is pre configured to query the frame relay service to auto learn the required parameters they may also be set manually The DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier number for the PVC is assigned by the frame relay service provider The PVC must be defined on at least one physical links on the router Refer to the following diagram that shows three router units connected together with two PVCs being configured on each unit The configuration of the PVCs within the frame relay cloud is controlled by the frame relay service provider DLCI numbers e assigned for these PVCs from the N frame relay provider Frame Relay PVC WAN connections Figure 2 8 Frame Relay configuration 33 Applications Applications Configuration default configuration for routers shipped outside North America is to have frame relay disabled To run frame relay on these routers it must first be enabled Selecting the Frame Relay option will toggle the
73. its networking functions Note that depending on the model of unit and what interface modules are installed some of the configuration examples may not apply for example if no ISDN BRI module is installed the sections on setting up an ISDN PPP router would not apply The routers may be configured as a simple Ethernet bridge an Ethernet IP router an Ethernet IPX router or a combination of the three When operating the router as a combination bridge router simply configure each of the components separately Note The configuration options described within this section are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the Menus Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM Important router uses FLASH memory to store the configuration information Configuration settings are stored to FLASH memory after there has been 30 seconds of idle time Idle time is when there is no selection or modification of the value in the built in menu system If you wish to save a configuration immediately enter to get to the main menu then select option 5 Save configuration 13 Applications Bridging and Routing Should You Bridge or Route When connecting two networks together the first question to ask is should I bridge or route The decision to bridge or to route may be decided by how the existing networks have been already set up Brid
74. l IP address have been configured the router will attempt to establish the link connection to the remote site PPP router The IP connection is an unnumbered connection that requires only the configuration of the IP address of the router IPX Router Connection Once the link speeds have been configured the router will attempt to establish the link connection to the remote site PPP router The IPX connection is an unnumbered connection that does not require any configuration If security is required for the direct dial connection refer to the Configure PPP Security section for information on setting the security passwords and user names for PPP 38 Configure Remote Site Profiles Remote Site Profiles allow the router to have different sets of configuration parameters for each of the remote site routers that may be called or that may call this router This allows complete control over the configuration of each possible connection Each remote site profile is assigned an identification number when it is created whether it is created automatically under auto learning or manually by the user editing the remote site profile The remote site is also named with an alias which provides a more descriptive identifier for the remote site profile For example a remote site profile may be created with a name that describes the location of the remote router or a user name on an incoming connection The alias may be up to 16 characters long and must begin
75. ld their routing tables according 21 Applications Applications to the IPX frames they receive from the network Manual entries may be made in the routing tables by adding static IPX routes Novell Servers in One Location Only Some Novell LAN installations require that a remote LAN that consists of only Novell IPX clients be connected to a central LAN that contains the Novell servers and some more clients In this configuration the router IPX router located at the remote site must be configured with the appropriate IPX network numbers The IPX network number must be configured manually because there is no Novell server at the remote site The router must act as a Novell server to supply the proper IPX network number to the clients on the remote site LAN In the following diagram the router connected to LAN 2 must be configured with IPX network number 1500 or any other valid unique IPX network number using the appropriate frame type The clients connected to LAN 2 must also be running with the same frame type as defined on the router After the routers have established the WAN connection the IPX routing procedures will cause the names of the services located on LAN 1 to be stored in the services table on the router on LAN 2 When one of the clients on LAN 2 starts up it will look for a server on the local LAN and the router will respond with the list of servers that are located on LAN 1 IPX Network Address WAN connection 15
76. learned from the LAN or may be set manually see section 2 1 2 3 To configure router for IP routing between networks the following parameters must be defined in the built in menu system 1 IP Address Location Main V Configuration V LAN Set up V LAN IP Set up V IP A ddress Size of Subnet Mask If this router has the dual LAN option installed you will first be asked which LAN to reference 1 or 2 Both LANs must have unique IP addresses to use IP routing 16 IP Addressing Devices on an IP network are located by their IP addresses which is a 32 bit number divided into four 8 bit fields The IP address identifies both the network and the host device also known as a node on that network The address is usually written as the four decimal values for the fields between 0 and 255 separated by decimal points for example 196 65 43 21 The high order field defines the IP class of the address There are three commonly used classes of standard IP addresses A 1to 127 B 128 to 191 C 192 to 223 For Class A addresses only the first 7 bits of the high order field represents the network address so there can be 127 networks The remaining three fields are the host portion of the address there can be over 16 million 24 host devices on each class A network Network Address Host Address Class A IP Address Class B uses the first two fields for network addresses and can address approximately 16 000 networks The
77. lement Timing A 14 Receiver Signal Element Timing B 16 Transmitter Signal Element Timing 23 16 Receiver Signal Element Timing 8 Tranemiter Signa Element Timing 25 Transmitter Signal Element Timing A 18 25 Transmitter Signal Element Timing B Transmitter Signal Element Timing B 19 20 Data Terminal Ready Data Channel Received Line Signal Detector CD 8 8 Data Channel Received Line Signal Detector CD Data Terminal Ready 20 7 Signal Ground Signal Ground 7 4 Request to Send Data Set Ready 6 6 Data Set Ready Request to Send 4 Figure D 10 V 35 Null Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable Circuits which are paired contain an A and B reference should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back to back and a set of modems is not available Note that this cable specifies DB25 connectors on each end to allow direct connection to the link interface connector on each unit The link speed must be defined for each of the two units 87 Interface Pinouts RS530 Null Modem Cable Configuration DB25 MALE The connecting cable must be a shielded cable 1 Shield 2 Transmitted Data A 14 Transmitted Data B 3 Received Data A 16 Received Data B 4 Request To Send A 19 Request To Send B 5 Clear To Send A 6 DCE Ready A 22 DCE Ready B 20 DTE Ready A 23 DTE Ready B 7 S
78. ll shut it down 47 Applications Advanced Features Configure D ynamic Host Configuration Protocol The router uses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP to allow users in a small office environment to be added and removed from a network with all of the network information i e IP address DNS subnet mask etc being configured automatically DHCP configures devices DHCP clients from a central DHCP server It is designed to allocate network addresses to a number of hosts on the routers LAN and supply the minimal configuration needed to allow hosts to operate in an IP network The following steps must be performed on the router to configure it as a DHCP server DHCP Services Location Main V Configuration V Applications Set up V DHCP Set up i DHCP Services Server DHCP Services options which are available are none relay and server Set to server to enable this device as a DHCP Server IP Address Pool Location Main V Configuration V Applications Set up DHCP Set up V Server IP address pool IP address pool V IP A ddress number of addresses The IP address pool option requires setting the first IP address in the range that is to be used for the devices attached to the DHCP Server The number of addresses to be assigned must also be specified to a maximum of 253 Te When setting up a router as a DHCP server you may not assign an address LA pool that includes broadcast addresses all ones in t
79. mote Site The remote site alias must be entered to create a new site If a user defined remote site profile already exists only the id number needs to be provided to edit that site s parameters 45 Applications Applications Now that the remote site profile is created a link number must be assigned as the primary link number The primary link number is the link interface that the router will use to attempt to establish a connection to the remote site PPP router Primary Link Number Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up Y Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Connection Set up V Primary Link The Primary Link number defined here is the link interface used to establish the connection to the remote site PPP router When a link number is defined within a new remote site profile that link number will be removed from any remote site profile that originally was defined to use thelink The link will then be used within the newly defined remote site profile When this remote site profile is defined to use Multilink protocol the Secondary Connection should also be defined The Bridge settings may now be configured within the Bridge Parameters menu The IP settings may now be configured within the IP Parameters menu The IPX settings may now be configured within the IPX Parameters menu The Compression settings may now be configured within the CCP Parameters menu L The configuration options described here are onl
80. nts Novell Servers in Both Locations An Ethernet IPX router is used to intelligently route Novell IPX LAN traffic to another network The networks may be connected across a WAN link illustrated below or two LANs connected to a dual LAN ROUTER WAN connection Novell IPX Client Novell Server Novell Server Novell IPX Client Figure 2 3IPX Routed Local Area N etworks Servers on both sides IPX routers forward IPX frames based upon their IPX destination address and an internal routing table The router maintains the internal routing table with the network IPX addresses and the remote partner IPX routers associated with those networks When an IPX frame is received the destination IPX address is examined and looked up in the routing tables Once the destination IPX address is found in the routing tables the IPX router sends the IPX frame to the appropriate remote IPX network When both LAN segments contain Novell servers the IPX network numbers are learned automatically simply ensure that IPX routing is enabled on the router for both networks When two IPX LAN segments with Novell servers on each segment are to be connected via IPX routing you must ensure that the IPX network numbers on each of the Novell servers is unique the IPX network numbers are the same IPX routing will not operate Once the WAN connections have been established to the remote partner routers the IPX router portion of the routers will begin to bui
81. o other bridge routers via ISDN Integrated Services D igital N etwork connections Before the router can establish an ISDN connection to another ISDN router the ISDN information must be defined The ISDN switch type must be defined for the ISDN interface and the phone numbers must be defined Refer to the following diagram that shows three router units connected together with two ISDN B channels being configured on each unit ISDN connections ISDN phone numbers assigned from the ISDN circuit provider information Figure 2 5 Basic ISDN Configuration 28 Applications The following steps must be performed to configure the router The default switch type for ISDN S T interface modules is NET3 the default switch type for ISDN U interface modules is NI 1 If the type of service your provider uses matches the default setting for the interface module the following step may be skipped otherwise the switch type must be set Switch Type Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up gt Switch Type Ten ISDN switch types are available net3 ni 1 ni 2 dms 100 5ess pp 5ess mp tph1962 kdd sweden or ntt Note that if your routers located within different ISDN jurisdictions the ISDN switch type may be different on each of the units Directory Numbers amp SPIDs Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V ISDN Set up D iredory N umber V5 SPID The directory
82. octet equals the 80 of the filter pattern OR Used in combination filters when one orthe other conditions must be met Example 10 20 12 80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 10 octet equals the 20 of the filter pattern or if the packet information starting at the 12 octet equals the 80 of the filter pattern amp AND Used in combination filters when one and the other conditions must be met Example 10 20 amp 12 80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 10 octet equals the 20 of the filter pattern and the packet information starting at the 12t octet equals the 80 of the filter pattern NOT Used in pattern filters to indicate that all packets not matching the defined pattern will be filtered 60 Introduction to Filtering Example 12 80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 12th octet does not equal the 80 of the filter pattern brackets Used in pattern filters to separate portions of filter patterns for specific operators Example 12 80 amp 14 24 14 32 This filter pattern will be checked in two operations First the section in brackets will be checked and then the results of the first check will be used in the second check using the first portion of the filter pattern If the packet information starting at the 1413 octet equals 24 or 32 and the information at the 12 octet equals 80 the filter pattern w
83. on the corporate network eum FTP amp WWW Designated Servers Location Main Configuration Applications Set up Firewall Set up WAN Firewall Set up D 1 for ISP remote site Designated Servers FTP Saver 195 100 1 12 gt WWW HTTP Server 195 100 1 20 When defining a designated server you will be prompted for the IP address of that device Adding an entry to the designated servers list allows you to quickly setup a firewall entry without having to figure out TCP port values Next the LAN firewall is set up to restrict access to the LAN The firewall option is set to outbound to have the LAN firewall filter traffic from the router Firewall Location Main Configuration Applications Set up Firewall Set up LAN Firewall Set up Firewall Outbound Note if this ROUTER has a second LAN interface installed you will be requested to select which LAN this firewall entry is to be used with 59 Applications Then an entry is placed in the firewall table to allow the devices in the branch office remote site to have unlimited access to devices in the head office Firewall Table Entry Location Main Configuration Applications Set up Firewall Set up LAN Firewall Set up Edit Firewall Entry filter ID 1 D estination A ddress 195 100 1 0 D estination M ask 255 255 255 0 Source A ddress 195 100 2 0 Source M ask 255 255 255 0 Protocol
84. onversion uiuere knee eet 89 V 11 X 21 Null Modem Cable Configuration eere 90 Contents x X 1 Installation This product is a flexible Ethernet Bridge Router that may be configured to service Local Area Networks and Wide Area Network connections over leased lines ISDN circuits and frame relay permanent virtual circuits T he router supports two independent LANs plus one WAN interface or a single LAN plus two WAN interface modules if two ISDN BRI modules are installed this will provide 4 WAN links PPP ISDN units provide bridging IP IPX routing and compression over a PPP ISDN connection and support an ISDN BRI interface via an integral ISD N ST or ISD N U link module The ISDN BRI interface supports two 64 K bps B channels PPP Lease line units provide bridging IP IPX routing and compression and support one or two physical wide area network WAN links that may operate at speeds up to 2 048 Mbps Frame Relay units provide bridging and IP IPX routing and support 1 to 128 Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC across two physical wide area links running RAW 1490 or encapsulated PPP The following instructions provide a quick set up guide for installation of the router Unpack the Router Rough handling during shipment can damage electronic equipment As you unpack the bridge router carefully check for signs of damage If damage is suspected contact the shipper Save the box and all pack
85. outer the IP frames are passed on to the IP router and all other frames are passed on to the bridge Different pattern filters may be defined in each of these sections to provide very extensive pattern filtering on LAN traffic being sent to remote LANs Pattern filters are created by defining an offset value and a pattern match value The offset value determines the starting position for the pattern checking An offset of 0 indicates that the pattern checking starts at the beginning of the data frame An offset of 12 indicates that the pattern checking starts at the 12 octet of the data frame When a data frame is examined in its HEX format an octet is a pair of HEX values with offset location 0 starting at the beginning of the frame Please refer to A ppendix C ocations on E Frames for more information on octet locations in data frames The pattern match value is defined as a HEX string that is used to match against the data frame If the HEX data at the appropriate offset location in the data frame matches the HEX string of the filter pattern there is a positive filter match The data frame will be filtered according to the filter operators being used in the filter pattern The following operators are used in creating Pattern filters offset Used in pattern filters to determine the starting position to start the pattern checking Example 12 80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 128
86. rface By using this method the router may be in control of the link speed The link speed may also be controlled by the router when a null modem cable is used to connect two routers in a back to back configuration Changing the link speed within the menu system of the router changes the clock output speed that is generated on the DTE Terminal Timing pins external clocking pins on the link interfaces ATL CSU DSU Link Module Information The router is currently produced with LXT CSU DSU interface modules however the earlier model ATL CSU DSU module is still compatible with the router and may be used with it Note that ATL master mode signaling is not compatible with the current standard 64K master mode signaling therefore for back to back connections an ATL unit will only operate at 64K when connected to another ATL unit If one interface is an ATL unit and the other is not back to back operation must be set to 56K The ATL CSU DSU link module is normally configured to receive clock from the connected network When two ATL CSU DSU link modules are to be used on a leased line in a back to back set up one of the modules must provide the clock 19 Interface Pinouts These modules may have either the UP DOWN switch type or the ON OFF slide switch type Each type is illustrated below Switches UD down CSU DSU LINE Figure D 1 Rear View of ATL CSU DSU Link Module with UP DOWN S
87. s 4 Show Static Routes 5 Clear Static Routes IPX Routing Set Up 1 Server IP pool address menu 2 DNS setup menu 3 NetBIOS setup menu 1 2 4 DHCP services 5 Relay destination 6 ICMP echo verification 7 Lease period 8 Gateways Server IP address pool 1 IP address pool 2 Show address pool 13 Add static address 4 Remove static address ons 5 51 Primary DNS Secondary DNS Domain name 3 NetBIOS Setup 1 Send NetBIOS node type 1 15 Send mn scope i 13 Send Net name srv Spanning Tres 14 NetBIOS node type 1 STP State 15 NetBIOS scope ld 5 2 Bridge Priority 6 NetBIOS name server 3 Forwarding Delay 4 Message Age Timer 5 Hello Time 6 Show Bridge 7 Show Ports 2 IP Routes 1 Edit Static Route 3 Firewall Set Up 1 LAN firewall setup menu 2 WAN firewall setup menu 3 Block src IP spoofing LAN WAN Firewall Set Up 1 Designated servers menu 2 Edit firewall entry menu 3 Firewall 4 Firewall statistics 5 Clear statistics 6 Show firewall entries 7 Remove entry Designated Servers 1 E mail SMTP server 12 POP 2 3 server FTP server WWNW HTTP server Telnet server Local DNS Remote DNS 8 Secondary local DNS 9 Secondary remote DNS Edit Firewall Entry 2 Dest IP address Destination mask Source IP address Source mask Protocol type Source port Destin
88. s that timeslot 16 is for their use toggle this option to reserved Set Link Interface T ype Location Main Configuration gt WAN Set Up Link Set Up Y T1 E1 Set Up Slot Channel Set Up El Timeslot 16 Teserved Applications Mandatory Configuration The router requires a minimum amount of mandatory configuration in order to operate The following table identifies the configuration parameters that must be defined for proper operation under the operational states shown in the table IP Router IPX Router ISDN Switch Type ISDN Switch Type B channel assignment Directory Numbers Directory Numbers Remote Site Profile Frame Relay PPP Lease Line none North America none International 7 23 Remote Site Profile Frame Relay enabled Frame Relay disabled International only North America only The configuration options required for proper initial operation are described in Section 2 Typical Applications and How to Configure Them Each configuration requires a different set of parameters to be entered Refer to Section 2 for details on configuring the router in different operational states Also refer to the router Menus Manual file for your operating software on the accompanying CD ROM fora complete description of all the Menu O ptions Other options may be changed depending upon specific installation configurations Refer to the menu tree in Appendix A for a reference of the menu structure and options 10
89. security configuration for both incoming and outgoing calls is defined within the Security menu of the WAN set up section Security Level Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up o Security Set up Security L eid The security level defines the type of security that this router will request when a remote site PPP router attempts to establish a PPP connection The security may defined as none PAP or CHAP When a security level is defined on this router an entry for each remote site PPP router that may be connected to this router must be placed in the security database The security database is used to store the user names and passwords of the remote site PPP routers 92 Remote Site Security Parameters Entry Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Edit Remote Site Security Parameters o utgoing U ser N ame V Incoming PA P Password V Outgoing PA P Password or V Incoming CHA P Secret Outgoing CHA P Ser amp The outgoing entries in the security database define the user names and passwords secrets that this router will send in response to an authentication request is sent from the remote partner router The incoming entries define the passwords secrets that this router expects to receive from the remote partner in response to authentication requests For a pair of partner routers with security enabled the outgoing user name in the security parameters entry of one router must match the remote si
90. sed to route IP frames for destination networks that do not exist in the routing table When an IP frame is received that is destined for a network that is not listed in the routing table of the router the router will send the IP frame to the default gateway If the device originating the IP frame is on the same LAN as the router the router will then send an ICMP redirect message to the originating device Any future IP frames for that destination network will then be sent directly to the default gateway instead of the router A default gateway may be configured if there are a large number of routes that will pass through another router to a larger network An example of this would be a router that is used to connect to the Internet All of the routers on the LAN would have the Internet access router as the default gateway IP Static Route With its default settings the router will automatically learn the routes to other devices on the network through RIP messages In some instances it may be desirable to have a predetermined or static route that will always be used to reach certain devices such as when one specific router is to be used to reach a destination IP network The static route will have precedence over all learned RIP routes even if the cost of the RIP learned routes is lower Edit Static Route Location Main V Configuration V IP Routing Set up IP Routes V Edit Static Route Destination IP A ddress amp Mask NetH
91. ser 11 El aparato electico deber ser connectado a una fuente de guardadas para referencia futura poder s lo del tipo descrito en el instructivo de operaci n o 3 Todas las advertencias en el aparato el ctrico y en sus como se indique en el aparato instrucciones de operaci n deben ser respetadas 12 Precauci n debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica 4 Todas las instrucciones de operaci n y uso deben ser y la polarizaci n del equipo no sea eliminada seguidas 13 Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal 5 El aparato el ctrico no deber ser usado cerca del agua por manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objectos ejemplo cerca de la tina de lavabo s tano mojado 0 colocados sobre o contra ellos poniendo particular atenci n a cerca de una alberca etc los contactos y recept culos donde salen del aparato 6 El aparato el ctrico debe ser usado nicamente con carritos o 14 El equipo el ctrico debe ser limpiado nicamente de acuerdo pedestales que sean recomendados por el fabricante alas recomendaciones del fabricante 7 El aparato el ctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo 15 En caso de existir una antena externa deber ser localizada s lo como sea recomendado por el fabricante lejos de las lineas de energia 8 Servicio El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo 16 El cable de corriente deber ser desconectado del cuando el el ctrico m s all a lo descrito
92. ser names for PPP By default PPP is disabled for each of the newly created remote site profiles If PPP encapsulation is desired for example to use security the PPP encapsulation option should be set to enabled By default when PPP encapsulation is enabled multilink is also enabled PPP Encapsulation Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set Up V Remote Site Set Up V Edit Remote Site V Connection Set up V5 ppp E nabled 36 Applications Basic Leased Line Configuration The router establishes PPP Point to Point Protocol WAN connections to other PPP Leased Line routers or to other vendors PPP leased line routers via direct leased line connections Either 1 or 2 links may be used to connect to other PPP routers Configuration The default configuration for routers shipped within North American with at least one non ISDN interface module is to have frame relay enabled on that interface To run PPP leased line frame relay must be disabled Selecting the Frame Relay option will toggle the setting from enabled to disabled Frame Relay disable Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Frame Relay disabled The router will request confirmation of the change enter yes Quick Start PPP Leased Line Connections A Quick Start minimal configuration may be used to initially establish a connection to another vendors PPP router Once the connection is established and is working properly
93. setting from disabled to enabled Frame Relay enable Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Frame Relay enabled The router will request confirmation of the change enter yes For a router with a CSU D SU interface the default clock speed that the router will expect to receive from the DCE link is o4K bps If the DCE link is 56 Kbps then the Link Speed value must be reset to 56 here Link Speed Location Main Y Configuration V WAN Set up V Link Set up V Link Speed 56 Auto Learning the Frame Relay Configuration The router are pre configured to query the frame relay service to auto learn the LMI type and the PVC DLCI numbers This auto learn function allows the router to be plugged into the frame relay service and auto learn the PVC configuration to become operational without further manual configuration router auto learning conforms to RFC1490 Manual configuration is also allowed by modifying the options within each Remote Site Profile and the individual link configuration menus When the router first starts up it will query the frame relay service to try to determine the LMI type on each of the frame relay links Once the LMI type is determined the PVC configurations will be known from the full status enquiry messages If the DLCI numbers of the PVC s on your service are determined during this learning process the router will automatically create a remote site profile for each PVC
94. site ISDN PPP router This is the ISDN phone number that will be dialed to establish a connection to this remote site profile A connection to this remote site may be established by one of the following methods 1 a Using the Manual Call option of the Remote Site set up menu Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up X Manual Call 40 Applications 1 b D efining this remote site profile within the IP Address connect table which will cause a call to be made when a packet for this IP address is routed Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Address Connect IP Address Connect E nabled 1 c Defining the Auto Call option within the Edit Remote Site menu of this remote site profile The Auto Call option causes the router to attempt to establish a connection to this remote site profile each time the router starts up Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Y Connection Set up V5 Auto call E nabled 1 d Setting up an activation schedule with times the connection is to be activated and deactivated Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Activation 7 Schedule A divation intervals 1 e If a second ISDN channel is available and traffic level is enabled setting the traffic load at which the second channel is to be activated Location Main V Configuration V
95. tain IP traffic is received from the local LAN Note that any time the switch type is changed a soft reset must be performed before the change will take effect The switch type is not saved through a full reset the router will come up with the default switch type NET3 if you require a different switch type it must be re entered after a configuration reload It is strongly recommended that the entire configuration set of the router be saved Dump config txt to the console then reloaded Restore config txt from the console after a full reset The configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the Menus Reference Manual on the accompanying CD ROM 30 Applications PPP ISDN Manual Call Quick Connections The PPP router should be configured with remote site profile entry for each router that will be called A manual direct dial connection may be performed to establish an initial connection to a remote site router Once the connection is established and working properly the remote site configuration for that router should be entered into the router The remote site profile enables ISD N calls to be placed automatically each time the router starts up Auto Call or automatically depending upon the time of day activation schedule or upon receiving IP frames from the local LAN destined for the IP
96. te alias in the partner router s remote sites table To use PPP security with frame relay PPP encapsulation must be enabled The PVC must be disabled to change the PPP encapsulation status then re enabled The configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the Menus Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 53 Applications Configure Firewall The router provides Firewall security for restricting access between any two networks connected through the router Firewalls are set up on a per connection basis for the LAN and remote sites The direction of filtering is from the perspective of the router incoming traffic is from the network in question to the router outgoing is from the router to the network The direction of filtering may be set to incoming outgoing both or none Once the direction of filtering for a connection has been set holes may be created in the firewall to allow specified traffic through Normally the LAN firewall is used for restricting intranet traffic connections within the corporate network and remote site firewalls are used to limit access from less trusted sources such as the Internet or dial up ISD N links The following diagram shows a corporate head office network which is connected to the Internet with an router There is also a branch office at a remote site connected
97. that convert from a D B25 connector to a male 34 pin V 35 connector used for the V 35 interface Be sure to secure the cable connector s to the bridge router and the communications equipment with the connector screws to prevent accidental disconnection The CSU DSU module uses a RJ 48S connector to interface with the digital data service G 703 modules use a standard BNC connector with a 75 ohm cable The 15 N ST interface module of the ISDN Router provides a RJ 45 connector to connect to the RJ 45 connector of the NT1 provided with your ISDN service The ISD N U interface module of the ISDN Router provides an integrated NT1 with a RJ 45 connector to connect directly with your ISDN service Pinouts for the WAN connectors are listed in Appendix D of this manual Power Up the Bridge Router Once the LAN and Link connections are made and the console is connected to a terminal you are ready to power up the router Connect the AC power cord to the back of the router and plug the cord into the AC wall outlet Observe the LEDs as the bridge router powers up The LEDs will go through a circular flashing pattern as the power up diagnostics are performed After the power up diagnostics are finished the Power LED will go from red to green Enter at least one RETURN up to three if necessary in order for the bridge router to determine the baud rate of the terminal used for the console i e autobaud The following information will now
98. that option will cause the options value to change Each successive selection of the option will cause the option s value to change again Some menu options require input from the operator When selecting an option that requires a value the menu system will display the range of values acceptable and a prompt symbol gt Enter the new value at the prompt symbol and press enter Should you make an error in entering the new value the BACK SPACE key for most terminals deletes the most recently entered characters Applications Applications Conventions Throughout this section router menu options are shown that are required for the various configuration choices The appropriate menu options are shown in each instance in the following format Configuration Option Name Location Main V Sub Menu Name V5 Sub Menu Name v5 0 ption N ame The configuration option is shown as well as the options location within the menu system The V5 character indicates that a sub menu level must be chosen The option name is finally shown in italics The keyboard graphic in the left margin indicates that this is information that the user will have to enter for configuration Y The note icon is used to provide miscellaneous information on the configuration and set up of the router Configuration The Configuration Note is used to indicate that there may be a difference in Note configuration between the various operational modes of t
99. the built in menu system of the router Each of the menus are shown with the options of the menus being displayed below the specific menu name Each of the menu options shown in each of the menu trees is explained in the accompanying router Menus Manual located on the accompanying CD ROM Menu names are displayed in boxes The numbers on the left side of the boxes indicate the menu option from the parent menu that this menu corresponds to All menu options are listed with numbers indicating their actual position within the menu system Menu options contained within a grayed box are ISDN options Menu options contained within a black box are Frame Relay options 63 ISDN Options pq Frame Relay Options 1 Configuration LT access Set up H Terminal Set Up H Device Set Up 1 Password 2 Device Name 3 Show Time 4 Set Time 11 Terminal 12 Show 13 Add 4 Remove Terminal Set Up menu Device Set Up menu Telnet Set Up menu 4 Load FLASH Set Up menu 5 Console 1 6 Hardware Status 7 TFTP access ii 12 13 11 2 1 Secondary IP set up 2 LAN NAT set up 3 IP address 4 Routing protcol 5 RIP mode 6 Route cost 1 Bridge set up menu 1 State z 2 IP set up menu 12 Path cost 13 IPX set up menu 3 Priority 4 LAN interface type Continued on next page 1 Switch type 1 Force 56k 2 Hunt Group 3 Add link 4 Show Groups 3 Link Set Up 1
100. ts The subnet mask size determines how many bits of the host field of the original IP network address will be used for the creation of subnets In this example specifying a mask size of 26 will produce a subnet size of 2 bits Two bits gives 4 possible sub network addresses from the original IP network address Two of the resulting sub networks will have either all zeros or all ones as the subnet address these addresses are reserved for network functions and hence are invalid addresses The subnet mask for the above example networks will be 255 255 255 192 255 255 255 192 So setting a subnet mask size of 26 will generate two sub networks with up to 62 host addresses each 64 potential addresses minus the all zero and all one addresses The new IP sub network addresses will be 199 169 100 64 and 199 169 100 128 Original IP Network Address 199 169 100 0 Subnet IP Network Address Subnet IP Network Address 199 169 100 64 199 169 100 128 Subnet Mask Size 26 Subnet Maskis gc net Mask Size 26 255 255 255 192 c a Host Address Host IP 199 169 100 66 199 169 100 67 199 169 100 130 199 169 100 131 E Figure 2 2 Defining an IP Subnet Mask 1 IP Address Location Main V Configuration LAN Set up V LAN IP Set up IP A ddress Size of Subnet Mask 19 Applications IP Default Gateway An IP default gateway is an IP router that is resident on the local IP network that this router is connected to and is u
101. upgrade using the ID or alias of Router A Router A upgrades would not require a remote site ID as the PC used for TFTP transfers is located on the same LAN as Router A PC used for TFIP transfers Router A Router B Router C 77 Servicing Information X K X X 78 Appendix D Interface Pinouts Pinout Information Each link interface available is described with detailed information on pin designation Standard interface cables will provide correct connections to modems datasets or D SU CSUs When connecting two bridge routers back to back without modems a null modem cable is required to crossover the pins on the links Crossing over the pins allows two bridge routers both configured as DTE interfaces to be connected together With this configuration both bridge routers will provide clocking for the links and each bridge router must have a link speed defined Link Clocking Information All of the link interfaces on the router act as DTE devices this means that they may be directly connected to DCE devices modems etc with the DCE devices providing the clocking for the link The link speed is controlled by the DCE device Setting the link speed on the router will not result in a speed change on the link Some DCE devices allow the DTE devices connected to them to supply a clock signal which is then routed back to the transmit clock pins on the DCE interface This clock is then received by the router link inte
102. ure 4 WAN trace 4End 5 WAN loopback 5 Data display 6 Time Network Events Acknowledge alarm Show events Clear events Show security log Clear security log Show resumption log Clear resumption log Edit MAC Address Filter 4 WAN Trace 1 Static Routes menu A 5 2 Static Services menu 1 di Edit Route 3 IPX Routing 2 3 Show Static Routes 11 Status 1 4 IPX Forwarding 4 Clear Static Routes 22 Network z 5 Local Networks 13 Interface 5 6 Show Routes 14 Hops 7 Show Services 15 Ticks 8 Help Bridge Pattern IP Router Pattern Filters Filters 1 Address Filter 1 Status 2 Location Filter If Source 6 Remove Filter If Destination 7 Help Permanent 16 Remove Remote Site 2 Information Common protocol stats atisti Frame relay statistics tatus Usage information Clear remote site stats 1 2 Pl 3 4 5 6 1 Show Alias 2 Add Alias 3 Remove Alias 4 Show Pattern 5 Add Pattern 6 WAN Loopback 1 1 Edit Service Edit Service 2 Convert Service 1 3 Show Static Services 11 Status 54 Clear Static Services 2 Server Name 3 Service Type 4 Interface 15 Network 16 Node 17 Socket 8 Hops 4 IPX Router Pattern Filters 1 Show Alias 1 Show Alias 2 Add Alias 2 Add Alias 13 Remove Alias 13 Remove Alias 4 Show Pattern 4 Show Pattern 5 Add Pattern 15 Add Pattern
103. urity Note authentication after the router has automatically created remote site profiles for each of the PVC s either the remote site profile alias must be changed to match the Outgoing User Name configured on the remote site router or vice versa If the local remote site alias and the remote site routers outgoing user name do not match the PVC will always fail with a security violation Also note that PPP encapsulation must be enabled to run security access authentication With auto learning the above is all that is required of the user to set up frame relay remote site profiles If desired parameters may be entered manually as follows Each PVC defined on this router must have a DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier value assigned for proper frame relay communication DLCI Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Connection Set up DLCI 4 Applications The DLCI number defined here is the Data Link Connection Identifier value provided by your frame relay service provider This value must be set if auto learning is disabled Each Remote Site PVC must be defined to exist on one of the two physical WAN links available on this router Primary Link Location Main V Configuration WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site Y Connection Set up V Primary L ink The Primary Link value defines to which of the two physical WAN links that this PVC
104. used and covered with a blank panel For this model if there is a second LAN module in this unit it must go in the Slot 1 position and the ISDN module in Slot 2 Note the older double width type ISDN module will not fit in this device Slot1 Slot 2 LAN Console module v v v MDI X MDI m os e e 10 100 BT LAN e e CHA Pj o LINE CONSOLE 6 9 gt Remove these screws to remove the modules Figure C 2 Rear View with the ISDN U Module Installed Processor settings for the ISDN Link Modules ISDN S T or U modules have jumper straps to set the module for the CPU used on the main board On an S T interface these are labeled W1 and W2 on a U interface the pins are labeled J1 When installing an ISDN module check the jumpers to be certain that they are configured to operate with the 360 series CPU by having both straps across pins W1 and W2 S T module or across pins 1 3 and 2 4 at 1 U module as illustrated in the figure below JUMPERS Figure C 4 ISDN Module processor setting jumpers 74 Servicing Information Changing the Termination Straps on the ISDN S T Interface The ISDN S T link interface module has two configurable straps that control whether the ISDN LINE is set to terminated or unterminated Jumper straps W5 and W6 are factory installed to configure the module as
105. witches Switch Switches sliders on top ofthe i CSU DSU switch UNE on off 1234 AE AAA View from back of module View from top of module Figure D 2 View of ATL CSU DSU Link Module with Sliding ON OFF Switches When connecting two bridge routers back to back with CSU D SU link modules a null modem cable is required to crossover the pins on the links Crossing over the pins allows two bridge routers both configured as D TE interfaces to be connected together Switch number 1 determines whether the ATL CSU DSU link module will generate clocks or receive clocks When switch 1 is down on the normal position the module receives clock signals from the connected network When switch 1 is up up the module will generate clocks When a pair of routers are connected back to back with CSU D SU link modules one module must be set to generate clocks and one module must be set to receive clocks On 64 Kbps units only switch number 3 determines the mode of the ATL CSU DSU When switch 3 is down on the ATL CSU DSU is in DDS Digital Data Service mode for normal connection to the 64 Kbps digital service When switch is up off the ATL CSU DSU is in LDM Limited Distance Modem mode for back to back connection with a null modem cable On 56 Kbps units the position of switch 3 is not a factor for back to back connection with a null modem cable Switc
106. with an alphabetic character blanks and the character are not allowed There can be up to 128 remote site profiles The ID numbers are assigned automatically in ascending order as the site profiles are created ID numbers 129 130 and 131 are templates for creating remote site profiles with ISDN Frame Relay or Leased Line connections respectively A template may have its parameters set to match common network configurations and then be used to quickly set up a new site In addition to the reserved templates you can use any remote site as a template to create a new site The remote site profile allows the definition of various connection parameters Circuit set up Bridge and Routing protocol configuration activation criteria and security The following steps must be performed on the router in order to define a new remote site profile Remote Site Profile ID amp Alias Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site The remote site alias must be entered The remote site profile is then created an ID number is automatically assigned to it and the remote site profile is opened for editing If a remote site profile already exists either the ID number or the alias may be provided to access the site profile for editing 39 Applications Applications Configure Remote Site Profiles for ISDN PPP If this router is configured to have at least one ISDN switched circuit the ISD
107. y for initial set up and configuration purposes For more complete information on all of the configuration parameters available please refer to the PPP Menu Reference Manual file on the accompanying CD ROM 46 Applications Configure Remote Site Profiles for Frame Relay with ISDN backup Frame Relay operation is set up as described in section 2 3 2 The PVC both partner routers must be disabled during this set up L procedure then re enabled when ready to start ISDN call set up is done as described in section 2 3 1 Recovery operation is set up on the secondary activation menu If the ISDN circuit is to be available only at specified times rather than all the time the default set up a recovery schedule with times the connection is to be activated and deactivated Activation Schedule Location Main V Configuration V WAN Set up V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Connection Set up V Activation V Schedule Enter a and the times the recovery circuit is to be made available enter d and the times the recovery circuit is to be deactivated Enable the secondary activation circuit for recovery Recovery Location Main V Configuration V WAN Setup V Remote Site Set up V Edit Remote Site V Connection SS Recovery IX The recovery schedules MUST be set identically on both partner PPP routers 2 X to operate if they are not one router will try to bring the link up and the other wi

Black Box LR5100A-T User's Manual

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