Belkin 157 User's Manual
Contents
1. A2 STEREO The official audio standard for analog television broadcasting in Australia It isa technique of implementing stereo or dual mono audio for NTSC and PAL video One FM subcarrier transmits a L R signal and a second FM subcarrier transmits a R signal for stereo or a second L R signal Also known as Zweiton Stereo A B REPEAT The player will loop repeat a portion of a disc between two designated points AC 3 See Dolby ACOUSTIC TRANSFORM ACOUSTIC CODING ATRAC Technology that compresses audio data discarding the information that is undetectable by the human ear whilst preserving CD quality sound eATRAC Achieves approximately 80 compression rate in comparison to original sound file The original technology employed by MiniDisc eATRACS Improves upon ATRAC by achieving approximately 90 compression The technology employed by MiniDisc Long Play MDLP eATRACS Plus Further improves upon ATRAC by achieving approximately 93 compression with improved fidelity over standard ATRAC3 ACTIVE BLACK PANEL ABP In standby mode the unit is camouflaged as a flat black panel In display mode the panel puts on a brilliant colourful light show also giving you access to most functions In operational mode the motorised panel swings out revealing the full control panel and slots for discs ADVANCED DYNAMIC SOUND GENERATOR ADSG Selectively improves the bass and treble segment of your music Unl2. encoded information together with FM signals RDS makes tuning simpler because it can display the name of a station transmitting an RDS signal and it will find the strongest signal for this station automatically Program Service PS The station name up to 8 characters Traffic Announcement TA Allows the radio to search for travel information and switch to the tuned station automatically during a traffic announcement Alternative Frequency AF Allows the automatic selection of stronger signals where more than one exists for the same station eEnhanced Other Network EON This service allows automatic switching to another station for the duration of a traffic announcement this switching is only possible within the same network RADIO FREQUENCY RF Any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation When an RF current is supplied to an antenna an electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space Many wireless technologies are based on FF field propagation RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY RAM Memory hardware that can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on an integrated circuit memory chip allows information to be stored or accessed in any order and all storage locations are equally accessible RAW An image capture setting that records the CCD image sensor s raw data without interpolation or electronic conversions
3. eCD Recordable CD R Write once media 700MB capacity optimised for data use CD ReWritable CD RW Re writable media 7OOMB capacity optimised for data use eCD Read only Memory CD ROM Pre recorded media 7OOMB capacity optimised for data use CD Interactive CD i Provides audio digital data still graphics and limited motion video CD plus Graphics CD G Provides audio and still graphics Primarily used for karaoke China Video Disc CVD Precursor to SVCD MPEG 2 352x480 NTSC 352x576 PAL 44 1kKHz audio approximately 45 minutes capacity eSuper Video CD SVCD MPEG 2 480x480 NTSC 480x576 PAL 44 1KHz audio approximately 45 minutes capacity eVideo CD VCD MPEG 1 320x240 NTSC 320x288 PAL 44 1kHz audio 70 minutes capacity COMPONENT VIDEO A video system containing three separate colour component signals either red green blue RGB or chroma colour difference YCbCr YPbPr YUV delivering enhanced detail and purity COMPOSITE VIDEO BASEBAND SIGNAL CVBS An analog video signal in which the luminance and chrominance components are combined by frequency multiplexing along with sync and burst Also known as CVBS CONSTANT ANGULAR VELOCITY CAV A buffer memory mechanism that prevents its portable audio equipment from skipping under most conditions The technology recovers laser position 10 times faster than previous designs so it can withstand the impact of jogging and
4. even in low light situations due to its greater luminance sensitivity and its wider dynamic range which drastically improves the signal to noise ratio This advantage is especially obvious for natural evening scenes or indoor events eHyper HAD A derivative of the HAD sensor that incorporates On Chip Lensing OCL and the use of microscopic lenses mounted over each sensing pixel Hyper HAD sensors with OCL have no perceptible smear and nearly doubled sensitivity LLINK See IEEE 1394 ID3 Information stored at the end of an MP3 file The tag can contain information about the Title Song name Artist Album Year Comment Genre and Track IEEE 1394 A very fast data transfer standard which can be used to support up 63 external devices from a single port It supports isochronous data delivering data at a guaranteed rate which makes it ideal for devices that need to transfer high levels of data in real time such as video devices Also known as FireWire i LINK or Lynx elEEE 1394a Supports data rates of up to 400Mbps elEEE 1394b Supports data rates of up to 800Mbps INFOLITHIUM Battery technology that displays remaining charge and precise remaining recording time in minutes on the viewfinder or LCD screen INTEGRATED CIRCUIT IC A complex set of electronic components and their interconnections that are etched or imprinted on a chip INTERLACE SCAN The means by which traditional video creates images
5. left right rear eDolby Surround Pro Logic Analog stereo matrix 4 0 sound left centre right rear eDolby Surround Pro Logic Il Analog stereo matrix 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear right low frequency effects Virtual Dolby Surround Simulated surround sound through stereo speakers by utilising audio phase shifting Dolby Digital 5 1 Digital discrete 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear right low frequency effects Also known as AC 3 Dolby Digital Surround EX Digital discrete 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear centre rear right low frequency effects with matrixed rear centre DYE SUBLIMATION A printing process where wax film is thermally transferred to printing media Dye sublimation is generally no more expensive than other methods however it provides extremely high quality DYNAMIC BASS FEED BACK DBFB A highly sensitive bass enhancement system that produces full bodied bass sound even at low volumes DYNAMIC RANGE The range measured in decibels between the largest and smallest reproduced signals DYNAMIC SOUND GENERATOR DSG Selectively improves the bass and treble segment of your music It produces natural sound effect without introducing distortion ELECTRONIC PROGRAM GUIDE EPG An application used with digital set top boxes and newer televisions to list current and scheduled programming plus a short summary or commentary for each progr
6. an 8mm or Hi8 camcorder DIGITAL AUDIO TAPE DAT Aconsumer amp professional recording and playback media for high quality audio DIGITAL AUTO TRACKING Automatically check the tracking when a video tape starts playing and adjusts if necessary DIGITAL CINEMA SOUND DCS Recreates the sound characteristics of Hollywood dubbing studios used for recording movie soundtracks It is a combination of Cinema Studio reverberation Virtual Multi Dimension and Screen Depth Matching This is all made possible by a powerful digital signal processing chip that improves on the dynamism of every soundtrack eCinema Studio A Sony Pictures Entertainment Cary Grant Theatre suitable for most movies eCinema Studio B Sony Pictures Entertainment Kim Novak theatre ideal for action movies eCinema Studio C Sony Pictures Entertainment Scoring Studio ideal for musicals or orchestral soundtracks DIGITAL CONSTANT IMAGE DCI Only switching the pixels in an LCD projector in parts of the picture when movement is present ensures a clean stable picture with no flicker DIGITAL EXTENDED PROCESSOR DXP Increasing the signal to 14 bits achieves a more accurate conversion through improved signal to noise ratio and results in more vivid capture of both light and dark images while also rendering a more detailed and clearer picture DIGITAL NOISE REDUCTION DNR When video signals are compressed digital noise can appear on some
7. and Super Audio CD players by comprising two layers one with CD Audio the other with high quality audio The audio encoding used is Direct Stream Digital DSD SUPER EXTENDED VIDEO GRAPHICS ARRAY SXGA An SXGA display has 1280 horizontal pixels by 1024 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 1 310 720 individual pixels SUPER PRO OPTIC SYSTEM An innovative system for rear projection TVs adopting the most superior CRT and optical Technologies available do deliver excellent picture quality SUPER VIDEO GRAPHICS ARRAY SVGA An SVGA display has 800 horizontal pixels by 600 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 480 000 individual pixels S VIDEO Separated video Offers improved picture quality over composite video signals by separating the picture signal into colour and brightness information SYNDICAT FRANCAIS DES CONSTRUCTEURS D APPAREILS RADIO ET TELEVISION SCART An audio visual connection type typically used to connect a television and other video components primarily used in Europe The SCART cable can have up to 21 active pins and can carry audio video and control signals It was developed by the French company Peritel TAGGED IMAGE FILE FORMAT TIFF One of the most widely supported file formats for storing lossless bit mapped images on personal computers TELETEXT A group of text pages transmitted with the normal TV signal that can be read using a TV that h
8. portions of a DVD disc and are sometimes visible to a discerning videophile Digital Noise Reduction results in less flickering in still background portions DIGITAL PITCH CONTROL DPC Makes high low speed play back voices sound more normal making it easier to understand the recorded words DIGITAL REALITY CREATION MULTI FUNCTION DRC MF Uses a digital signal processing based algorithm to deliver sharper and clearer images eDRC1250 Reduces the visible scanning lines of a video picture eDRC100 Uses real time field doubling to create a smooth flicker free video picture DRC Progressive Creates an excellent still image with minimal flicker and less visible scanning lines of a video picture DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING DSP Circuit that reproduces sound in the appropriate setting movies in a Theatre classical music in a Hall rock music in an Arena for example DIGITAL TELEVISION DTV See HDTV and SDTV DIGITAL THEATRE SYSTEMS DTS DTS is a multichannel audio compression format similar to Dolby Digital but differing in that it generally uses higher data rates offering better quality DTS Digital discrete 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear right low frequency emitter DTS Discrete 6 1 Digital discrete 6 1 sound left centre right rear left rear centre rear right low frequency emitter eDTS ES 96 24 Digital discrete 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear r
9. Allows for added flexibility when recording and editing Features such as in camera editing erase and re recording play list display are possible Playback is limited to compatible products eDVD Minus Random Access Memory DVD RAM Re writable media 4 7GB capacity optimised for data use DVD Plus Recordable DVD R Write once media 4 7GB capacity optimised for video and data use DVD Plus ReWritable DVD RW Re writable 100 000 times media 4 7GB capacity optimised for video and data use DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING DVB The transmission scheme for terrestrial digital television DIGITAL VIDEO ENHANCER DVE Utilises advanced digital signal processing to greatly improve image quality Edges are sharpened and bright and dark images are separated without adding contrast to the overall image DIGITAL VIDEO INTERFACE DVI A specification created by the Digital Display Working Group DDWG to accommodate analog and digital monitors with a single connector eDVI A For analog signals eDVI D For digital signals eDVD I For integrated combined analog or digital signals DIRECT CURRENT DC An electrical current which unlike Alternate Current AC maintains a steady flow and does not reverse directions DC cannot be measured in cycles per seconds or Hz DC current is either generated from a battery or derived from alternating current through a special circuit Many electronic circuits r
10. EMITTING DIODE LED A diode is a semiconductor device through which current can go in only one direction As aside effect light emitting diodes produce either visible or infrared light and require very little power LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY LCD A two dimensional array of small crystals that are normally opaque but become transparent when voltage is applied to them LCDs are often back lit for viewing in a dark room LITHIUM ION LI ION Atype of a battery composed of Lithium the lightest metal and the metal that has the highest electrochemical potential Because of its lightness and high energy density Lithium ion batteries are ideal for portable devices such as phones and notebook computers In addition Lithium lon batteries have no memory effect and do not use poisonous metals such as lead mercury or cadmium LOCAL APPLICATION CONTROL BUS SYSTEM LANC The protocol defined by Sony for enabling extemal control of video devices and accessing status information from the device Also knowns as Control L LONG PLAY LP Doubles VHS recording time of PAL signals LONG WAVE LW The radio band from 153KHz to 279KHz used for high power wide area radio broadcasting LOW FREQUENCY EFFECTS LFE Strictly low frequency information 20Hz to 120Hz with 115 dB of dynamic range that s added to the soundtrack for extra effect This track does not inherently contain all the bass of the soundtrack LOW PASS FILTER L
11. PF A network of elements used to attenuate all frequencies above a pre determined frequency Frequencies below the cutoff are passed without effect MAGICGATE MG A copyright protection technology for MagicGate Memory Stick and compliant products Authentication ensures that protected content is transferred only between compliant devices and MagicGate Memory Stick and that protected content is recorded and transferred in an encrypted format to prevent unauthorised copying or playback MEDIUM WAVE MW The radio band from 530kHz to 1710KHz with 9kHz intervals Also known as the AM band MEGA BASS Deepens and enriches audio bass output to match your taste and the type of music being played In addition sound boost is controlled in accordance with the sound input level thus delivering even more powerful sound with less residual noise MEGAPIXEL One million pixels Digital cameras capture images with a sensor comprised of an array of light sensing pixels picture elements A camera s resolution is simply the total number of pixels packed onto the CCD MEMORY STICK Developed by Sony Memory Stick is a transportable digital data storage technology For more information refer http www memorystick org eMemory Stick Full size 21 5 x 50 0 x 2 8mm capacities up to 128MB eMemory Stick Duo Small size 20 0 x 31 0 x 1 6mm capacities up to 128MB eMemory Stick PRO Full size 21 5 x 50 0 x 2 8mm capaci
12. See IEEE 802 11 WOOFER A loudspeaker driver designed to handle low frequency bass signals ZWEITON STEREO See A2 Stereo
13. TIONS GSM A standard for digital mobile communication and is the world s most widespread standard used in Europe Africa Middle East parts of the USA Australia and Asia Upon its creation GSM an open digital standard was intended to make possible a range of new services features and applications which could not be achieved with analog systems G PROTECTION A buffer memory mechanism that prevents its portable audio equipment from skipping under most conditions The technology recovers laser position 10 times faster than previous designs so it can withstand the impact of jogging and other sports at the rate of 8G impacts 3 times per second HERTZ HZ The unit measurement of audio frequency based on cycles per second named after German physicist Heinrich Rudolph 1857 1894 One Hz means a signal has one cycle per second HIGH ORIENTED POLYOLEFENE HOP Avery lightweight rigid speaker cone material which gives superb bass and mid range sound even when being driven at maximum volume HIGH PASS FILTER HPF Anetwork of elements used to attenuate all frequencies below a pre determined frequency Frequencies above the cutoff are passed without effect HOLE ACCUMULATION DIODE HAD ACCD sensor with improved performance in spectral response vertical smear and sensitivity The HAD sensor also introduced electronic shuttering capability to IT type sensors eAdvanced HAD Provides brilliant results
14. am EQUALISER EQ Allows adjustment of the level of specific audio frequencies Most equalisers graphic equalisers can be pre set or manually adjusted EXTENDED DEFINITION ED A speaker design that accommodates the far wider frequency response of high resolution audio sources like the Super Audio Compact Disc Compared to the conventional cut off of 20 000HZz it can achieve a response of 50 000Hz or more EXTENDED GRAPHICS ARRAY XGA An XGA display has 1020 horizontal pixels by 768 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 783 360 individual pixels FIREWIRE See IEEE 1394 FOCAL LENGTH The distance between the optical centre of alens and the image plane The focal length is measured in millimetres and determines both the magnification and the angle of view of alens FRAME RECORDING Captures video a single frame at a time Useful in the filming of stop motion animation FRAMES PER SECOND FPS Ameasure of the rate at which pictures are shown for a motion video image FREQUENCY MODULATION FM The radio band from 87 5MHz to 108 0MHz in Australia with 0 2MHz intervals GAME SYNC MIXING Mixes game sound input with your favourite music tracks for a more enjoyable gaming experience G CODE G Code numbers appear in TV guides and newspaper television pages Entering this number into compatible recorders greatly simplifies record programming GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICA
15. applied that allows the user to control and change recording parameters post shot including colour depth ISO setting white balance saturation colour bit depth and so on READ ONLY MEMORY ROM Memory hardware that allows fast access to permanently stored data but prevents addition to or modification of the data REAL DIGITAL SYSTEM A technology where all signals are processed digitally regardless of source minimising loss of signal degradation and resulting in highly accurate image reproduction RECOMMENDED STANDARD 232 RS232 A standard for serial communication which defines the voltages that are used and the pattern of voltage changes It is electrically unbalanced meaning that the voltage change on one wire is not balanced by an equal and opposite change on another This makes the scheme simple to implement but less robust than other standards ROOT MEAN SQUARE RMS A method of rating the power output of speakers or amplifiers In contrast to Peak Music Power Output Root Mean Square works through a mean averaging of the components output This rating provides a far more accurate impression of the actual performance SCALE FACTOR EDIT SFE Enhance your music compilation even after the recording is completed Record level control allows changes to the recorded volume meaning that difference in volume between different songs can be easily corrected Record fade in out feature on the other hand allows
16. are on the move volume will not accidentally increase to an uncomfortable level BALANCE The relative loudness between the left and right channel signals BARCUS BERRY ELECTRONICS BBE Reduces audio distortion adding a longer delay time to lower frequencies so that higher frequencies are transmitted simultaneously thereby neutralising the distortion effect BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM BIOS Aset of routines that works closely with the hardware to support the transfer of information between elements of the system such as memory disks and the monitor Although critical to performance the BIOS is usually invisible to the end user however programmers can access it BASS REFLEX A popular type of loudspeaker enclosure in which an open port at the front or rear baffle allows internal air pressure to reinforce bass response BEST TUNING MEMORY BTM Automatically selects and stores the stations with the strongest signals in order of frequency BI PIXEL IP CONVERSION Used to convert standard interlaced video into a progressive signal which can be displayed by a panel display device plasma etc Responds to changes in PAL video signal content by employing proprietary algorithms to handle the challenging task of processing video originated content which reduces motion artifacts for smoother image reproduction BIT ERROR RATE BER The ratio of received bits that are in error relative to the total numb
17. as a teletext function First regular teletext transmissions were from BBC in Great Britain in the 1974 THEATRICAL ASPECT RATIO The picture aspect ratio that approximates that of 70mm film TIME MACHINE RECORDING Memorises several seconds of unrecorded data This function automatically adds a missed beginning e g of a radio program that you may have wanted to record TJANSTEMANNENS CENTRAL ORGANIZATION TCO A standard set in 1991 It is even more stringent than MPR II especially for alternating electric fields Not only are the permitted field levels reduced compared with MPR II but the measuring distance is reduced as well TCO 95 Includes ergonomic and ecologic requirements TCO 99 Further expends the ergonomic and ecologic requirements TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION THD The amount of undesirable harmonics present in an output audio signal expressed as aprecentage The lower the percentage the better TRACK AT ONCE TAO The CD ROM disc is created writing a track at a time allowing for additional data tracks to be added at a later time TRUSURROUND SRS A technology from SRS Laboratory that creates a broad fully immersive sound image within the listening area that wraps around the listener s head regardless of seating position TWEETER A loudspeaker driver designed to handle high frequency treble signals ULTRA EXTENDED GRAPHICS ARRAY UXGA A UXGA display has 1600 horizontal pixel
18. attage output is reduced along with fan noise Cinema Black Mode increases blackness extends lamp life and is ideal for viewing film sources COAXIAL DIGITAL An coaxial digital line allows you to transfer sound in lossless digital quality CODED ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING COFDM Coded OFDM COFDM adds forward error correction to the OFDM method which is the modulation technique used for digital TV in Europe Japan and Australia CODER DECODER CODEC Hardware or software that converts analog sound speech or video to digital code and vice versa analog to digital digital to analog Video codecs are generally broken into two categories low bandwidth codecs that operate at 56kbps to 384kbps and high bandwidth codecs that operate at 384kbps and above COLOUR SLOW SHUTTER Slows down shutter speed to record full colour detail in low light situations COLOUR TEMPERATURE A measure of the colour of a light source relative to a black body at a particular temperature expressed in degrees Kelvin K Low colour temperatures have a red yellow tone daylight has a high colour temperature approximately 6000 K and appears bluish COMB FILTER Improves NTSC video signals by adjusting the horizontal scanning lines within a frame COMPACT DISC CD Optical digital disc storage that encompasses audio video and computer data CD Digital Audio CDDA 44 1KHz audio 80 minutes capacity
19. e noise and improve gain ensuring a stable and reliable tuner performance with excellent audio quality High quality circuit elements improve inter modulation distortion and sensitivity SSIR EXA Automatically controls the intermediate frequency bandwidth in the FM band reducing sound interference STAMINA Drawing from Sony s wealth of experience in battery technology Stamina technology delivers longer operating times STANDARD DEFINITION TELEVISION SDTV 480i Standard Definition NTSC signal 480 lines interlace scan with 4 3 aspect ratio 576i Standard Definition PAL signal 576 lines interlace scan with 4 3 aspect ratio STANDARD PLAY SP The standard VHS recording time of PAL or NTSC signals SUBWOOFER A type of speaker used to enhance bass response in an audio or home theatre system It contains a woofer or woofers in an independent enclosure Subwoofers are generally intended to cover the range below 200HZz and can extend down to 20Hz or below They lend weight to the overall sound and presentation of a system by providing extended bass response and low frequency impact which can be felt physically but is inaudible to the human ear especially on action movie soundtracks Due to non directional nature of this bass sound a subwoofer can be positioned almost anywhere in a normal room SUPER AUDIO CD SACD An alternative to the DVD Audio format that is designed to play on audio CD players
20. equire DC current in their operation DIRECT DIGITAL SYNC Locks the Digital to Analogue converter to the master clock to prevent time based errors such as jitter or phasing anomalies The results are improved imaging and depth DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS DMA A method of moving data from a device to memory or vice versa without the help of the microprocessor The system board uses aDMA controller to handle a fixed number of channels each of which can be used by only one device at a time DIRECT STREAM DIGITAL DSD Is the advanced recording technology that makes SACD possible Standard CDs use 441kHz 16 bit PCM to represent audio in digital form DSD on the other hand is a 1 bit technology that samples music 2 82 milion times per second capturing 4 times more information The resulting sound is warmer smoother and more analog than anything 44 1KHz 16 bit PCM can deliver DISC AT ONCE DAO The CD ROM disc is created in one continuous write This format can be read by all platforms and all CD ROM drives DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM DCT Method of data compression of digital video pictures by resolving blocks of the picture 8x8 pixels DOLBY eDolby B 10dB tape noise reduction Dolby C 20dB tape noise reduction Dolby HX Pro Avoids tape saturation and improves high frequency headroom Compatible with any playback deck whether or not it has HX Pro circuitry eDolby Surround Analog stereo matrix 3 0 sound
21. er of bits received It is used as a measure of noise induced distortion in a digital bit stream BER is expressed as a power of ten BIT RATE The digital equivalent of bandwidth bit rate is measured in bits per second bps It is used to express the rate at which the compressed bit stream is transmitted With a higher bit rate more information can be carried BLOCK NOISE REDUCTION Suppresses vertical edge distortions for a smoother more natural DVD picture BLUETOOTH A standard for wireless connectivity It is designed to eliminate cables between portable consumer devices such as cellular phones laptop computers PDAs and many other electronic products Basic Imaging Profile BIP A unified standard for image data transfer BUS POWERED Power is supplied through the computer to the external device eliminating the need for a power supply CD SYNCRO RECORDING Simplifies making MiniDiscs from compatible Sony CD players by releasing from Record Pause mode when the CD player goes into Play CD TEXT CD Text gives you valuable information with CD text compatible software Album name artiste description and song title can be easily accessed from the display CHARGED COUPLED DEVICE CCD A semiconductor device that can produce an electrical output analogous to the amount of light striking each of its elements CCD sensors are used in both motion video and still video cameras CINEMA BLACK MODE Lamp w
22. ight low frequency emitter using extended bandwidth up to 96KHz designed for music DTS ES Matrix 6 1 Digital discrete 5 1 sound left centre right rear left rear centre rear right low frequency emitter with matrix rear centre DTS Neo 6 Digital matrix 6 1 sound left centre right rear left rear centre rear right low frequency emitter DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTER DAC Aconversion process that takes a digital signal and converts it into an analog signal usually by a process of filtering eAdvanced Pulse DAC Uses a high precision algorithm to produce an extremely high pulse density resulting in better sound quality DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC DVD Optical digital disc storage that encompasses audio video and computer data DVD uses the UDF file system Single side single layer discs have 4 7GB capacity through to double sided dual layer discs with 17GB capacity DVD Video Pre mastered video discs DVD Audio DVD A Pre mastered media incorporating extended bandwidth or 5 1 channel audio along with limited video content eDVD Read Only Memory DVD ROM Pre recorded media 4 7GB capacity optimised for data use eDVD Minus Recordable DVD R Write once media 4 7GB capacity optimised for video use DVD Minus ReWritable DVD RW Re writable 1 000 times media 4 7GB capacity optimised for video use eDVD Minus ReWritable Video Recording Mode DVD RW VR Mode
23. ike other technologies that cause unwanted phase change in the mid range section ADSG produces natural sound effect without introducing distortion ALTERNATING CURRENT AC An electrical current which unlike Direct Current DC reverses flow direction at regular intervals measured in cycles per seconds or Hertz The Australian standard is 230V 50Hz AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE ANSI A standards setting non governmental organisation that develops and publishes standards for voluntary use in the United States AMPLITUDE MODULATION AM A technique for transmitting radio signals See also Medium Wave MW ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER ADC OR A D This is the process of converting analog signal to digital signal The accuracy depends on the sampling frequency and the number of bits used to describe the levels ANSI LUMEN A standard measurement of light output ARTIFACT Defect commonly occurring in digital video resembling pixelation of the video image ASPECT RATIO The relationship of width and height When an image is displayed on different screens the aspect ratio must be kept the same to avoid either vertical or horizontal stretching 4 3 The picture aspect ratio of traditional video 16 9 The picture aspect ratio that approximates that of 35mm film Also known as Widescreen 2 35 1 The picture aspect ratio of some 35 and 70mm film AT ATTACHMENT PACKET INTERFACE ATAPI Ahardwa
24. music fading transition to be performed in 0 1 second steps up to 15 seconds in length SCREEN DEPTH MATCHING This feature works alongside Cinema Studio Reverberation to relocate the front speakers behind the screen as they would be in a real cinema The result is a larger listening space and a truer realisation of the theatre sound experience SEQUENTIEL COULEUR AVEC MEMOIRE SECAM Analog video standard that delivers 625 lines at 50 fields half frames interlaced per second Once common in Europe and Africa many countries that formerly adopted SECAM have now switched to PAL SHOCK RESISTANT MEMORY SRM See ESP SHORT WAVE SW The collection of radio bands ranging from 2300kHz through to 27 41MHz SIDE SHOT Image compensation keystone correction technology that allows the projector to be positioned off centre in both vertical and horizontal planes SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO S N RATIO OR SNR The ratio of the desired signal level to the level of unwanted noise S MASTER A fully digital amplifier that enjoys excellent efficiency in processing sound signals as well as minimising any loss during idling periods It is also extremely frugal in energy consumption due to the absence of analog switches The design and packaging of amplifiers can be further refined to produce high quality high power units that reside within an even smaller chassis SSIR EX Short signal paths between circuit sections reduc
25. nal is encoded using the PAL subcarrier frequency and chroma modulation Also known as PAL6O NICAM STEREO NICAM is a digital stereo compression system developed by BBC engineers that has proven to be extremely rugged providing high quality stereo sound even when the signal is weak NIGHTSHOT Take monochrome pictures in low light and no light situations With the flip of a switch the infrared NightShot mode is activated which defeats the flash and an infrared picture is captured with invisible infra red light NightShot makes it possible to take pictures or MPEG movies of sleeping children and noctumal wildlife in a way that is impossible with all other cameras NOISE REDUCTION NR The process of reducing the imperfections in analog signal to deliver a purer video or audio experience OHM The relationship between voltage V electric current I and resistance R named for German physicist Georg Simon Ohm 1789 to 1854 ON SCREEN DISPLAY OSD Provides clearer menu functions by using a display to view the menu while the controls are on the remote control or the control unit OPTICAL DIGITAL An optical digital line allows you to transfer sound in lossless digital quality OXYGEN FREE COPPER OFC Improves signal transmission and conduction PACKET WRITING Packet writing is a technology that enables the writing of data to a CD R incrementally in multiple small blocks of data rather than in a
26. on screen Interlaced scanning breaks down a single frame of video into 2 fields one containing the odd numbered lines the other containing the even These 2 fields are then alternately broadcast shown to maintain high picture quality with limted bandwidth INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY IF A frequency to which a carrier frequency is shifted as an intermediate step in transmission or reception INTERVAL RECORDING Capturing a series of images frames at preset intervals Also known as Time Lapse Interval Recording Captures 3 frames at preset intervals Smooth Interval Recording Captures 1 frame at preset intervals ISO 13406 2 The International Standards Organisation ergonomic requirements for flat panel displays JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERTS GROUP JPEG JPEG compresses graphics of photographic color depth better than other file formats like GIF and it retains a high degree of color fidelity This makes JPEG files smaller and quicker to download You can choose how much to compress a JPEG file but since it is a lossy format the smaller you compress the file the more color information will be lost KEYSTONE CORRECTION Keystone is a distortion of the image caused by projecting at the wrong vertical angle Digital keystone correction produces an inverse effect that cancels this distortion LETTERBOX Converts widescreen content into 4 3 content by placing black bars at the top and bottom of the picture LIGHT
27. ontrolled recording on dictating machines VOLT V The standard unit of electric potential It is defined as the amount of electrical potential between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere while 1 watt of power is dissipated between the two points VOLUME UNIT VU A unit of measurement of the power of an audio signal WATT W Unit of power More watts mean more power but how loud a system sounds also depends on speaker sensitivity and room size WHITE BALANCE The ability of a camera to adjust the color balance of a picture to compensate for the ambient lighting WIDE BIT STREAM WBS Conventional MiniDisc playback is done with 16 bit signal processing WBS technology increases the rate to 18 bit or higher This results in more accurate playback of even subtle sound signals and greatly improves the signal to noise ratio WIDE EXTENDED GRAPHICS ARRAY WXGA A WXGA display has 1366 horizontal pixels by 768 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 1 049 088 individual pixels WIDESCREEN ASPECT RATIO A range of picture aspect ratios that approximate that of 35 70mm film Also known as 16 9 eAnamorphic Widescreen Squeezing and unsqueezing the video frame 1 78 1 is squeezed into 1 33 1 frame On a wide screen this screen can be expanded horizontally to form the complete resolution eLetterbox Widescreen WIRELESS FIDELITY WI FI See IEEE 802 11 WIRELESS LAN
28. other sports CONSTANT BIT RATE CBR A uniform transmission rate CONTENT SCRAMBLING SYSTEM CSS An encryption scheme designed to protect copyrighted material that resides on a disc by periodically scrambling the data using encryption keys CONTRAST RATIO The measurement of the difference in light intensity between the brightest white and the darkest black CONTROL A1 Multifunctional data bus system for better communication between Sony audio components CONTROL L See LANC D BASS Delivers dynamic powerful bass reproduction with 3 bass boost steps for adjustment of the bass enhancement level DECIBEL DB The logarithmic unit of measurement to compare the relative intensity of acoustic or electrical signal equal to one tenth of a Bel named for American inventor Alexander Graham Bell 1847 to 1922 DEPTH OF FIELD The distance between the first object in focus and the last object in focus within a scene as viewed by a particular lens Depth of field is affected by choice of lens focal GLOSSARY 4 oO N 158 length and aperture Depth of field increases with shorter focal lengths and smaller aperture openings DIAMOND LIKE CARBON DLC A thin carbon based coating that has high hardness and low friction DIGITAL 8 D8 Digital recording format using traditional 8mm tapes Many Digital 8 camcorders can view 8mm and Hi8 tapes but Digital 8 recordings can t be viewed on
29. re and software specification that documents the interface between a host computer and CD ROM drives using the ATA bus AUDIO FREQUENCY MODULATION AFM The audio recording technology used in Video 8 and Hi8 Handycam camcorders AUDIO VIDEO INTERLEAVED AVI A multimedia file format for storing sound and moving pictures in RIFF format developed by Microsoft An AVI file can use different codecs and formats so there is no set format for an AVI file AUTOMATIC FOCUS AF Senses the distance between camera and subject and adjusts the lens focus accordingly eAF Illuminator Emits a orange light making it possible to focus on an object that is normally difficult in a dark place eHologram AF An enhanced technology that emits a red laser pattem for further improved low light focusing AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL AGC A system to control the gain or the increase in the amplitude of an electrical signal from the original input to the amplified output automatically AUTOMATIC LEVEL CONTROL ALC See Automatic Gain Control AGC AUTOMATIC MUSIC SENSOR AMS Automatically locates the beginning of the current or following selection AUTOMATIC RECORD LEVEL ARL See Automatic Gain Control AGC AUTOMATIC VOLUME LIMITING SYSTEM AVLS Delivers you maximum acoustics without sound leak all at volume levels that won t damage your ears Playback will not exceed preset volume limits which means that even when you
30. s by 1200 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 1 920 000 individual pixels USB STREAMING Allows connection via USB terminal to a PC and broadcast live video with audio edit images capture still images or play back recorded video scenes VARIABLE ATTENUATION CONTROL SYSTEM VACS Continually monitors the balance between the current and voltage amplification stages in an amplifier thereby reducing distortion even at high volume levels V COMPRESSION WIDE MODE Amode that only scans the lines within the picture area when widescreen aspect ratio content is on the screen This optimises picture quality by not utilising scan lines for the blank area at the top and bottom of the screen VIDEO GRAPHICS ARRAY VGA A VGA display has 640 horizontal pixels by 480 vertical pixels giving it a total display resolution of 307 200 individual pixels VIRTUAL MULTI DIMENSION VMD Overcomes one of the fundamental challenges in accurately representing theatre sound in a confined space Using 3D processing technology it creates five pairs of virtual surround speakers from the existing rear speakers or if unavailable the two front speakers Pitched 25 to 35 degrees overhead these virtual speakers create sound depth and scale delivering a more realistic spacious surround sound experience VIRTUAL PHONE TECHNOLOGY VPT See Digital Signal Processing DSP VOICE OPERATED RECORDING VOR Voice c
31. sely tunes it to a station frequency and rejects interference which might otherwise hinder this operation The synthesiser which tunes the radio uses a small quartz crystal to generate a stable reference frequency PICTURE IN PICTURE PIP Displays a small picture from another video source Over one comer of the main picture POWERBURN Advanced buffer under run technology that also continues to monitor both data stream and media to optimise disc creation PRECISION DRIVE Delivers clear DVD playback Utilising two separate reading heads or pickup to read DVD and CD recordings playback accuracy is superb without a complicated switching mechanism It compensates for minor imperfections like the warping of discs minor shakes and rattles making perfect playback from imperfect conditions possible PROGRESSIVE SCAN An alternate means to interlaced video used to create images on screen Progressive scanning reproduces an entire video frame in asingle pass from top to bottom thereby reducing flicker improving contrast and producing a more film like result PULSE CODE MODULATION PCM An uncompressed digitally coded representation of an analog signal The waveform is sampled at regular intervals and aseries of pulses in coded form usually quantized are generated to represent the amplitude RADIO DATA SERVICE RDS Adigital data system that transmits inaudible E a RSS E 4 ol oO 160
32. single block as in disk at once recording or in blocks defined by tracks as in track at once recording the other two common methods Packet writing software makes it possible for the user to save data to a CD R or CD RW in the same way as it would be saved to the hard drive or a floppy PAN AND SCAN Converts widescreen content into 4 3 content by selectively zooming and cropping portions of the widescreen picture Whilst completely filling a 4 3 aspect ratio screen 25 to 40 of the widescreen content is lost PEAK MUSIC POWER OUTPUT PMPO A method of rating the power output of speakers or amplifiers which works by calculation of power peaks PERSONAL COMPUTER MEMORY CARD INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION PCMCIA An organization consisting of some 500 companies that has developed a standard for small credit card sized devices called PC Cards Originally designed for adding memory to portable computers the PCMCIA standard has been expanded several times and is now suitable for many types of devices There are three types of PCMCIA cards eType cards Up to 3 3 mm thick and are used primarily for adding additional ROM or RAM to a computer Type Il cards Up to 5 5 mm thick These cards are often used for modem and wireless cards Type Ill cards Up to 10 5 mm thick which is sufficiently large for portable disk drives PHASE LOCKED LOOP PLL An electronic circuit employed within a radio receiver which preci
33. ties up to 32GB eMemory Stick PRO Duo Small size 20 0 x 31 0 x 1 6mm capacities up to 32GB eMemory Stick Select Full size 21 5 x 50 0 x 2 8mm capacities up to 256MB as 2 x 128MB MICROMV Provides up to 60 minutes of high quality MPEG 2 digital video footage and adds a 64 kb memory chip The memory chip allows for a multi search function that lets users access different sections of the tape as they would a DVD by creating thumbnail images of all of the recorded scenes on the tape MINIDV The miniature version of the DV format and is used in many consumer camcorders Provides up to 90 minutes of high quality DV video footage MPEG 1 AUDIO LAYER 3 MP3 See Motion Picture Experts Group MPEG MPX Found in analog cassette decks it removes non musical high frequency noise from tapes during recording and eliminates interaction with the bias frequency MULTI SESSION A feature of many recordable CD drives and discs that enables you to add data to a CD ROM on different occasions This is an improvement over older CD Rs which required you to bum all your data onto the disc at once NATIONAL TRANSMISSION STANDARDS COMMITTEE NTSC Analog video standard that delivers 525 lines at 60 fields half frames interlaced per second and is the official standard for video in North America and parts of South America and Asia eNTSC 3 58 The original NTSC standard eNTSC 4 43 A variation of NTSC where the sig
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