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Avaya Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy User's Manual

1. Configuration Mode SNMP Agent Circuit Name E52 Color Key Available Select lines from available connectors Slot Connectors 5 H XCVR2 Figure 5 2 Add Circuit Window 7 Select an available circuit that you want to configure for router redundancy and click on OK The Select Protocols window opens Figure 5 3 5 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy al Protocols Span Tree Translate LB OSI LLC2 DLSw APPN Router Redundancy Cancel Figure 5 3 Select Protocols Window 8 Scroll through the list and choose Router Redundancy You can also choose other protocols that you want to configure 9 Click on OK The Router Redundancy Circuit window opens Figure 5 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 5 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Enable ENABLE Role Switch on Failure ENABLE Send PDU Enable ENABLE Primary MAC Address Figure 5 4 Router Redundancy Circuit Window The Enable Role Switch on Failure and Send PDU Enable parameters are set to Enable Note The Configuration Mode opens as group in the Configuration Manager Add Circuit and Router Redundancy Circuit windows You add router redundancy to a circuit and edit redundancy parameters only in group mode 10 Enter the Primary MAC Address for the router required 11 Click on OK If this is the first interface in the group that you re configuring for router redundancy the R R Grou
2. section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets 308626 14 00 Rev 00 XV Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone Number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 7041 xvi 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 1 Interface Redundancy Overview Interface redundancy provides backup of one interface by another within a single router It protects your network from partial router or installation failures it also enables you to maintain data transmission for critical interfaces without the expense of two routers You configure interfaces to be members of an interface redundancy group The group includes an active interface which performs normal routing and bridging services and one or more redundant interfaces which take over if the active interface fails You can configure multiple interface redu
3. 4 Table C 3 Member Mode Planning Worksheet Parameter Router A Router B Router C Member ID Priority to Become Primary Force Role Switch C 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix D BofL Parameters Setting BofL Parameters BofL parameters affect the speed of detecting failed interfaces You set BofL parameters from the Edit CSMA CD Parameters window in Site Manager From the Configuration Manager window the path is Circuits gt Edit Circuits gt Circuit List window gt Edit gt Circuit Definition window gt Lines gt Edit Lines window gt Edit CSMA CD Parameters window Figure D 1 Use the parameter descriptions that follow as guides when you edit these parameters 308626 14 00 Rev 00 D 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Edit CSMA CD Parameters Cancel OK Values Help Enable ENABLE BOFL Enable ENABLE BOFL Timeout 5 BOFL Retries 4 BOFL Timeout Divisor 10 Hardware Filter DISABLE Figure D 1 Edit CSMA CD Parameters Window Parameter BOFL Enable Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function When set to Enable the router sends Breath of Life polling messages from this system to all systems on the local network Instructions Set to Enable or Disable We recommend that you enable BofL MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 4 1 1 59 D 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Paramete
4. become the primary router During the switching process the first router does not send PDUs so when the second router boots and begins its own bidding period it may not detect the first router until the first router has completed the role switch To avoid a situation in which both routers switch roles to become primary set the bidding period for a longer time than the time required to perform a role switch Manual Versus Auto Role Switching If the first router has booted and a second router boots after the first router s bidding period expires and if you configured the router to use manual role switching the first router continues to act as the primary router even if the second router would be a better primary The software alerts you and it is up to you to initiate the role switch If you configure the router to use auto role switching the routers perform the role switch automatically If you configure the router to use one shot auto the routers perform the role switch automatically once after that a switch occurs only when an interface fails or when a resource becomes unreachable If you configure the router to use switch on failure a switch occurs only when an interface fails or when a resource becomes unreachable During manual role switching a secondary router switches its role to primary if it does not detect a primary router in the group 308626 14 00 Rev 00 B 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Example 2 Th
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6. 5 3 choose Tools gt Router Redundancy gt Member Configuration The standard file selection window opens 2 Navigate through the directory structure and choose the configuration file template 3 Click on Open File The Configuration Manager window opens but this time in member mode Configuration Mode member SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE File Name tmp_mnt bne home staveley router cfg Model Backbone Link Node BLN MIB Version 13 30 Color Key Description Connectors ses RRR E p nsss _ Figure 5 8 Configuration Manager Window in Member Mode 5 18 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy The circuit you previously selected for group configuration is shaded or in green 4 Choose Protocols gt Router Redundancy gt Member Configuration in the Configuration Manager window The R R Member Global Parameters Configuration window opens Figure 5 9 Enable ENABLE Member ID Priority Force Role Switch Warm Boot DISABLE Primary Config File Path Figure 5 9 R R Member Global Parameters Configuration Window 5 Make sure that the Warm Boot parameter is set to Disable 6 Enter values for all other member global parameters using the descriptions that follow this procedure for guidelines 7 Click on OK when you are done The Configuration Manager window opens see Figure 5 8 on page 5 18 8 Choose File gt Save As The Save Configuration File window opens Figur
7. D 1 C changing out of the primary role router redundancy 2 6 Clear function 5 21 configuration examples for router redundancy B 1 to B 7 configuration files applying to routers 5 18 5 21 creating 5 2 sending to the routers 5 26 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Index configuring interface redundancy 4 1 to 4 7 resources for redundant routers 5 13 to 5 17 router redundancy 5 1 to 5 27 requirements 3 3 conventions text xiv customer support xvi D dedicated secondary router defined 2 1 deleting interfaces from a group 4 6 designated primary interface defined 1 1 E Enable parameter group 5 6 5 8 Enable parameter member 5 23 Enable Status Update parameter resource 5 16 enabling interface redundancy 4 1 router redundancy 5 2 examples of router redundancy configurations B 1 to B 7 F FDDI 3 2 Force Role Switch parameter 5 25 G Good Bid Count parameter 5 12 group configuration files applying 5 18 5 21 Index 1 creating 5 2 group configuration mode 5 6 group global parameters Automatic Role Switching 5 11 Bid Duration 5 12 Enable 5 8 Good Bid Count 5 12 Group ID 5 10 Hello Timer 5 11 Primary MAC Address 5 9 Role Switch Delay Period 5 13 Send PDU Enable 5 9 Timeout Threshold 5 12 Group ID parameter 5 10 H Hello Timer parameter 5 11 implementation notes 3 1 interface failure in router redundancy 2 7 interface redundancy adding or d
8. Interfaces within a Group To add an interface to an existing interface redundancy group or to delete an interface from a group 1 In the Configuration Manager window select any circuit in the group that you want to change The Edit Connector window opens see Figure 4 2 on page 4 3 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens see Figure 4 3 on page 4 4 4 6 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface Redundancy 3 To add an interface select an available line of the same LAN type as the other members of the group To delete an interface select the line you want to delete from the group 4 Choose Lines gt Change Lines The interface you selected is now added to or deleted from the interface redundancy group If only one interface remains on the circuit the interface redundancy group no longer exists Removing Interface Redundancy from a Circuit To remove interface redundancy from a circuit 1 In the Configuration Manager window select any member of the interface redundancy group you want to remove The Edit Connector window opens see Figure 4 2 on page 4 3 2 Select Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens see Figure 4 3 on page 4 4 3 Deselect all but one member of the interface redundancy group 4 Choose Lines gt Change Lines The interface redundancy group no longer exists 5 Choose File gt Exit to exit the window Note You can find out whether interface redun
9. Router Redundancy Overview Router redundancy protects a network from the irrecoverable failure of an entire router You configure routers to be members of a router redundancy group The group includes a primary router that performs normal routing and bridging services and one or more secondary routers that take over if the primary router fails Note You can configure multiple router redundancy groups on the same network Primary Router Nortel Networks router redundancy software allows you to decide which router has priority to be the primary router It includes configurable bidding timers and timeout periods These values determine how and when a router in a redundancy group changes roles from secondary to primary Dedicated Secondary Router Nortel Networks recommends that you configure router redundancy so that a secondary router has no function other than to serve as a backup A router so configured is a dedicated secondary router You can configure a redundant router to carry other traffic unrelated to that of its redundancy group Be aware however that if a secondary router becomes the primary router in a redundancy group it stops performing any other data transfer operations its role in the group takes precedence over any other functions you assign it 308626 14 00 Rev 00 2 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Redundancy Protocol Routers in a redundancy group all begin in the secondary role A route
10. When planning your network for router redundancy follow these guidelines e Determine the backed up interfaces in each member of the router redundancy group e Select the group ID and member IDs for router redundancy noting the following The group ID must be unique for each group in the network Each member ID must be unique within the group Role changing rules use the member IDs to reassign roles When two routers have the same priority the one with the lowest member ID becomes the primary router when a role change occurs e Configure more than one interface for router redundancy to avoid a single point of failure Refer to Appendix C for worksheets to help you plan your router redundancy groups Protocols Supported Interface redundancy works with IP IPX spanning tree bridging source route bridging AppleTalk and VINES Router redundancy works with IP only on stub networks The network segment cannot have any other routers that require route advertisements LAN Interfaces Interface and router redundancy support the following LAN interfaces as redundant interfaces 10 Mb Ethernet 100 Mb Ethernet FDDI and token ring You can configure 10 Mb Ethernet interfaces to back up 100 Mb Ethernet interfaces Members of interface redundancy groups other than 10 Mb or 100 Mb Ethernet namely FDDI or token ring must all be the same type of LAN interface Multiple LAN interfaces whether the same or different types ca
11. file in local or remote mode 2 Reboot the router 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 27 Appendix A Site Manager Default Parameter Settings This appendix lists the Site Manager default parameter settings for router redundancy Refer to Chapter 5 for instructions on editing these parameters Table A 1 Router Redundancy Group Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Send PDU Enable Enable Primary MAC Address None Group ID 1 Automatic Role Switching Auto Hello Timer 2 seconds Timeout Threshold 5 Good Bid Count 3 Bid Duration 45 seconds Role Switch Delay Period 5 seconds 308626 14 00 Rev 00 A 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Table A 2 Router Redundancy Member Global Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Member ID 1 Priority 1 Force Role Switch Don t Switch Table A 3 Router Redundancy Resource Parameters Parameter Default Enable Status Update Enable Ping Interval 600 seconds Ping Retry Count Ping Timeout 3 5 seconds A 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix B Router Redundancy Examples This appendix contains three examples of router configurations that use router redundancy Example 1 Two Routers at the Same Site This example shows how router redundancy works in a configuration with two routers in the redundancy group both in the same location Figure B 1 illustrates two routers
12. from the primary router before they determine that the primary has failed Enter a number from 1 to 100 or accept the default of 5 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 17 Good Bid Count 3 1 to 10 Specifies the minimum number of good bids to become primary that are required from the same secondary router before Auto Role Switching occurs This parameter has no effect if you have configured manual role switching Enter a number from 1 to 10 or accept the default of 3 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 12 Bid Duration 45 seconds 1 to 65 535 seconds Specifies the number of seconds during which routers bid to become the primary router Choose a value in the specified range or accept the default of 45 This value depends on how fast the routers boot with the configured features For example booting with FDDI interfaces WAN interfaces with resources configured such as servers and printers OSPF and so on may require a larger value Shorten this value if you want to ensure that the first router that boots becomes the primary 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 16 5 12 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Parameter Role Switch Delay Period Default 5 seconds Options 1 to 86 400 seconds Function Currently not used Instructions Accept the default MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 19 Configuring Resources The redundancy protocol uses the Resource parameters to ensure that the primary router in the router redundancy
13. group can reach the devices with which you have configured it to communicate Use the procedure that follows to edit these parameters Although you can edit Resource parameters either in group mode or in member mode usually it is best to configure Resource parameters in group mode because they are identical for all members of a router redundancy group The exception is if you use router redundancy with wide area networks refer to Example 3 in Appendix B In this case you configure resources differently among members of a router redundancy group 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 13 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy To edit Resource parameters 1 Click on the connector for which you want to edit Resource parameters 2 Click on Edit Circuit 3 In the Circuit Definition window choose Protocols gt Edit Router Redundancy gt Resources The RREDUND Router Redundancy Resource List window opens Figure 5 6 RREDUND Router Redundancy Resource List Delete Apply Values Help A S Enable Status Update Ping Interval Ping Retry Count Ping Timeout Figure 5 6 RREDUND Router Redundancy Resource List Window 4 Click on Add The Router Redundancy Resource window opens Figure 5 7 5 14 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Cancel OK Values Help IP Address 123 123 123 124 l Figure 5 7 Router Redundancy Resource Window 5 Enter the IP address of the device you want
14. output for example prompts and system messages Example set Trap Monitor Filters separator gt Shows menu paths Example Protocols gt IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu xiv 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Preface Acronyms This guide uses the following acronyms BofL Breath of Life FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface IP Internet Protocol IPX Internet Packet Exchange LAN local area network MAC media access control MIB management information base OUI organizationally unique identifier PDU protocol data unit VLAN virtual LAN WAN wide area network Hard Copy Technical Manuals You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com You can purchase selected documentation sets CDs and technical publications through the collateral catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically e The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books
15. the other members of the impending role change and those members start a timer using the Bidding Timer value to prevent additional role changes by other members 3 The best secondary router assumes primary status Table 2 2 describes how a primary router changes to a secondary role while the best secondary router assumes the primary role 2 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Overview Table 2 2 Redundancy Protocol PDU Flow Diagram for SOS PDUs Router A PDU Router B Router A currently the primary router Hello PDU Router B currently a secondary router sends Primary Hello PDUs at periodic Role Primary receives the periodic Primary Hello intervals DeSean gt PDUs and updates the redundancy group database Router B restarts the Primary OK Timer Receives the periodic Hello PDUs and Hello PDU Router B sends periodic Hello PDUs updates the redundancy group data base Role Secondary Router A detects local partial failures for example an important interface has failed Router A knows that Router B is a better primary router so Router A plans to change its role to secondary Router A issues an SOS PDU to inform all members of the redundancy group of its intention to change out of the primary role SOS PDU Role Primary Router B the best secondary router receives the SOS PDU and confirms that it is the best secondary router by sending the SOS Reply PDU Router A the current primar
16. to configure as a resource for this router redundancy group 6 Click on OK The RREDUND Router Redundancy Resource List window opens The IP address you entered is highlighted in the list box Site Manager supplies default values for all parameters 7 Enter values for any parameters you want to edit using the descriptions that follow this procedure for guidelines 8 Repeat Steps 2 through 5 to configure additional resources 9 Click on Done to exit the window and return to the Circuit Definition window 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 15 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Router Redundancy Resource Parameters Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit router redundancy resource parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Status Update Enable Enable Disable This parameter is automatically set to Enable when you choose Router Redundancy from the Select Protocols window If you set this parameter to Disable you prevent the router from checking on the availability of the devices with which you configure it to communicate Accept the default Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 3 1 6 Ping Interval 600 seconds 1 to 86 399 seconds Specifies the amount of time in seconds that the router wa
17. 1 Pouer BOOD billar B 1 PSI Ce AIS smsa r alra a r R RRR B 2 Secondary Kotier Degraded snub tavsbauab askub lldgskbknldssskskal lsikar iakknnai B 2 Secondary Router Becomes Inoperable aaaaaaaaaaaaaaanaaaanannnsannnsaansananaaaai B 2 Primary Rotter Degiaded a suolsnonunisunsd Gunnri ada Gn and K k arar B 2 Primary Router Falls soisessa k S k SR B 2 POSES GOmpiCa NONS saadan alara arr rrr B 3 Router Boots and Cannot Detect Another Member 2aaaaaiaaaassaasssaasana B 3 Second Router Boots After First Router s Bidding Timer Expires B 3 Manual Versus Auto Role SWIICNINO scsissnanssnrastastirnask ki nasi a NA 00 NA AM Ta A nn nk KONU AA B 3 Example 2 Three Routers at the Same Site aaa vea ai SS S S B 4 Example 3 Router Redundancy with Wide Area Netii E E TT B 5 Example 4 Router Redundancy with Ethernet Switches 22aaaaaasaassaaass asssaasana B 7 Appendix C Worksheets for Configuring Router Redundancy Appendix D BofL Parameters Seino Bolk Paramotis blaa adaa D 1 Index 308626 14 00 Rev 00 vii Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 4 5 Figure 5 1 Figure 5 2 Figure 5 3 Figure 5 4 Figure 5 5 Figure 5 6 Figure 5 7 Figure 5 8 Figure 5 9 Figure 5 10 Figure 5 11 Figure B 1 Figure B 2 Figure B 3 Figure B 4 Figure D 1 Figures Add Greu WIE MV 4 2 Edit Connector VINO cssisisa
18. 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 2 1 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 9 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Router Redundancy Group Global Parameters Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit router redundancy group global parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Group ID 1 1 to 128 Specifies the identification number for the redundancy group Each group ID number in a network must be unique Enter a number from 1 to 128 that you have not already assigned to a redundancy group on the network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 4 5 10 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configuring Router Redundancy Automatic Role Switching Auto Manual Auto Switch on Failure One Shot Auto Auto enables automatic role switching out of the primary role when a router detects that it is no longer the best primary router based on priority settings among the redundant routers When the primary router switches out of the primary role a backup router switches into the primary role Anything else that backup router has been doing stops when it becomes primary In some circumstances you may not want the backup router to stop processing automatically If that is the case set this parameter to Manual The warning section of the log will indicate w
19. 7 resources configuring 5 13 to 5 17 Role Switch Delay Period parameter 5 13 role switching B 3 router redundancy and wide area network WAN interfaces B 5 bidding process 2 2 to 2 5 combined with interface redundancy 3 3 configuration examples B 1 to B 7 configuring 5 1 to 5 27 dedicated secondary router 2 1 group global parameter descriptions 5 8 to 5 13 member global parameters descriptions 5 23 to 5 25 primary router 2 1 protocols supported 3 2 removing 5 27 requirements 3 3 resource parameter descriptions 5 16 to 5 17 role changes 2 6 worksheets C 1 S Send PDU Enable parameter 5 6 5 9 sending the configuration files to the routers 5 26 source route bridging 3 2 spanning tree bridging 3 2 support Nortel Networks xvi switch on failure role switching B 3 switching rules for interface redundancy 1 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 T technical publications xv technical support xvi template group configuration file creating 5 2 text conventions Xiv Timeout Threshold parameter 5 12 Token Ring 3 2 V VINES 3 2 W wide area network WAN interfaces and router redundancy B 5 worksheets for router redundancy C 1 Index 3
20. BayRS Version 14 00 Part No 308626 14 00 Rev 00 September 1999 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy NORTEL _ NETWORKS Copyright 1999 Nortel Networks All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1999 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks Bay Networks BCN and BLN are registered trademarks and ASN BayRS and BayStack are trademarks of Nortel Networks All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other lic
21. N THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept ji 308626 14 00 Rev 00 these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Nortel Networks NA Inc Nortel Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of
22. NSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Contents Preface EDE e ee eee R xiii PTO 2191 2251 0191 AV sera vadactsecdadansecadeieoeonme cadena dete meat ee mteeE xiv PC MOINS ara date a eee eS XV Hard Copy Technical Manuals sa ilaandansabdat ufenk nskunana ingd ns hues d k n a XV Fon to Get HEI aaa arar ka xvi Chapter 1 Interface Redundancy Overview e e e E a R E E E R E E uate 1 1 4285 152 J 1112 4125 0 zae 1 1 Mea sar 1 2 Determining he Active merate 12 2 ucsisccisonlbasnisabsiasnsianklk ank aa n nnni a kuna a bland ankara 1 2 PRESS AGlive FOI aar r Rr 1 2 Donna PI rR oar 1 2 BofL Parameters and Role Change Speed on Ethernet 222222 aaa 1 3 Active Interface MAC Address snassigsdronsn k luna k r a R RAL 1 3 Chapter 2 Router Redundancy Overview LJ NE ROUT lerageacs ae rieetiaen ts bia eileen aleve gyitc do agy Pitan coaind pata ppian poieeseleinc 2 1 Dedicated Secondary ROP sicccircescsoissaaacesacsdacoes ciauaaet oaeuneoewsucanaaen a 2 1 Redundancy PROL
23. OG ca cisceccccsmnmrcettiomecnteensmtnacesonsetceetenmipacsoiiamecorntsaencaedameraceeessmpeccnanne 2 2 Ps A ETLE E R R 2 6 Router Failure eaten Peers PATATE E EE EE PAT errr bien ra 2 6 Hate FOUTE sonnera a piensa bla ung ka a 2 6 BofL Parameters and Role Change Speed for Ethernet 2 2aaai vana 2 6 Resource AVI a R 2 7 Bypassing Wie Bidding PIo 0888 suainasskodsstsl ll lk kka R RAR 2 8 Requirements S SR A E E E cr rer rre S 2 8 308626 14 00 Rev 00 V Chapter 3 Implementation Notes Planning Your NOlWOIR ssecaccconstrecckoissetadetansentcstensoracedesieeacieassnprastaasenesiaanepeaanaasetaaineanrets 3 1 Protocols VID ais A AEN A E LAN Interfaces k S S S PT ee pein R 3 2 Router Redundancy Raaiamenis PE E IE S IT EP A E A E 3 3 Using Interface and Router Redundancy in Combination a aaaaaaaaassasaassasaaasanaaana 3 3 Using me Clear PMC cscct sccee ace tissedaseccssedonetanpedsiat rar a alas kakak aaa 3 4 SODOMY a nest N ba ea nea 3 5 Chapter 4 Configuring Interface Redundancy Enabling vite Rese FCM Clea Ns sosarssie cs Siaiess k ks pie end See aad peo 4 1 Adding and Deleting Interfaces within a Group aaaaaaaaaaaaaaasaassaaassaasasaasaaassaaaaaaanaaaa 4 6 Removing Interface Redundancy from a Circuit ccisccsccsccinsccscessoce tohewcdanccssssderaintenassecmavers 4 7 Chapter 5 Configuring Router Redundancy Enabling Router Redundancy
24. SB S SR AT BPE R T E e Gle in a Group Comiguration Pile siirsin itike a l ana k 5 2 Router Redundancy Circuit Parameters aiaaaaiaaaaaaaasaaaasannnnnnnnannnannnnanansnanssansanani 5 8 Router Redundancy Group Global Parameters ccccccceseeeceeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeesesaeeeeeneees 5 10 Goniguring PESCUNCES ci caxsislasrdni endnn aadenenl aE be Router Redundancy Resource Paiute De ee ree eee rere seen iui aan 16 Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers eina Hot Standby ar 5 18 Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Warm Boot 5 21 Router Redundancy Member Global Parameters 2222 2222 ani PRUT ee 5 23 Sending Configuration Files to Routers Using Hot Sandy Pee rr rer rere 5 26 Sending Configuration Files to Routers Using Warm Boot 2 aaaiiaaaisaassaaasaaaa 5 26 Configuring Router Redundancy on Model 5380 Routers iiaaaaaiaaaasaaasaassaaaaanana 5 26 Configuring Router Redundancy on One 5380 Router cccccccessseeceeeessteeeeeeeaaes 5 27 Configuring Router Redundancy on Different 5380 Routers ere spires 5 27 Removing Router Redunmdanty ccccsiseraccteneradccannnerdcvndasan r R 5 27 vi 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix A Site Manager Default Parameter Settings Appendix B Router Redundancy Examples Example 1 Two Routers at the Same Site aaaiaiaaaaiaaaaaasaaasaasasasaanaaanaannaaanananaaanaan B
25. a or programs 4 Limitation of liability INNO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT 308626 14 00 Rev 00 iii SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense
26. c it does not send BofL messages Three parameters control BofL The BofL Retries parameter sets the number of BofL messages the interface transmits before the router declares the circuit down The number of seconds between BofL messages is the value of the BofL Timeout parameter divided by the BofL Timeout Divisor parameter To increase the speed of detecting failed interfaces and changing roles on Ethernet connectors set the BofL Timeout parameter to a short interval such as 1 second If you also set the BofL Retries parameter to 4 and accept the BofL Timeout Divisor parameter default value of 1 a role change occurs in under 5 seconds If you set the BofL Timeout Divisor parameter to a higher value the router sends BofL messages so frequently that the cost in LAN bandwidth and CPU overhead is high Refer to Appendix D for parameter descriptions and instructions for using Site Manager to edit these parameters Active Interface MAC Address When you configure interface redundancy the active interface uses the following MAC address in hexadecimal radix Ox 2y yy A2xx xxxx e Ox 2 indicates that the address is locally administered by Bay Networks e yyy indicates the circuit number e A2 identifies the Bay Networks organizationally unique identifier OUI e xx xxxx is the unique router identification number 308626 14 00 Rev 00 1 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy The active interface in an interface redundancy
27. cieceriicvaderiiaadnseeivaandestividaduieriaadexderianuatinds 4 3 Cirouit Delrnion Window scorlaictancpidicianaepehccaisepedenahaneeiilaastrraladanipdinaabieteds 4 4 Salecl Primar WNOON rusima a RU 4 5 Circuit Definition Window with Primary Interface rete a S 4G Main Site Manager WindOW sisisihan aaea i 5 3 Add Circuit Window airsan aaae 5 4 GBT Proloco VION ara 5 5 Router Redundancy Circuit Window aaaaaaaaavaaaananannnnnnnnnsnnansannnnnanana a D 6 R R Group Global Parameters Configuration Window 5 7 RREDUND Router Redundancy Resource List Window 5 14 Router Redundancy Resource Window 22aiaaaaaasssaavasssnnnnnrsaannnnnaaaa 15 Configuration Manager Window in Member Mode 1 cccceeeeeeeees 5 18 R R Member Global Parameters Configuration Window 5 19 Save Coniguration File Window cc ccsiicsonssnises ssensoensnredisanassananiarsaanneaise 5 20 Save Configuration File Window essees S S 5 22 Router Redundancy Two Routers at the Same Site B 1 Router Redundancy Three Routers at the Same Site B 4 Router Redundancy with Wide Area Networks aaiaaaaaaaaaasasssssanna B 5 Router Redundancy with 281 xx Fast Ethernet Switches B 7 Edit CSMA CD Parameters Window k r D 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Tables Table 2 1 Redundan
28. configured as a redundancy group in an Ethernet or FDDI network E Router A k J Router B RRE0001A Figure B 1 Router Redundancy Two Routers at the Same Site Router Bootup Upon router bootup both members of the redundancy group are in the secondary role They bid to determine which of the routers will assume the primary role refer to Chapter 1 When the bidding time expires the selected primary member switches into the primary role 308626 14 00 Rev 00 B 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Possible Scenarios The sections below describe possible scenarios and how they would affect the redundant routers Secondary Router Degraded Degradation of the secondary router s interface and ability to reach resources does not affect the current operation of the primary router This change does affect the primary and best secondary selection process because the degraded secondary router has a lesser chance to become primary Secondary Router Becomes Inoperable Degradation of the secondary router to the extent that it is inoperable does not affect the operation of the primary router However if the primary router detects local faults it must remain primary and continue data transfer as best it can Primary Router Degraded If the degree of degradation in the primary rout
29. cuit The Circuit Definition window opens Figure 4 3 308626 14 00 Rev 00 4 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy EO Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE Protocols Slot Figure 4 3 Circuit Definition Window Note The Reset Active option in the path Lines gt Interface Redundancy gt Primary Interface is available in dynamic mode only This option allows you to force the interface you have designated as primary to become the active interface Using this option may improve performance 8 In the Circuit Definition window choose Lines gt Interface Redundancy gt Primary Interface The Select Primary window opens Figure 4 4 4 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface Redundancy Slot 3 XCVR2 Slot 3 xCVR3 Slot 3 xCVR4 Primary Figure 4 4 Select Primary Window 9 Select an interface from the list in the Select Primary window and click on Primary Site Manager redisplays the Circuit Definition window with the letter P now appended to the interface you designated as primary Figure 4 5 308626 14 00 Rev 00 4 5 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE Protocols Slot 5 F F F F af F F UM H XCVR4 E XCVR3 H XCVR2 H XCVR1P Figure 4 5 Circuit Definition Window with Primary Interface 10 Choose File gt Exit to return to the Configuration Manager window Adding and Deleting
30. cy Protocol PDU Flow Diagram for Role Bidding 2 2 Table 2 2 Redundancy Protocol PDU Flow Diagram for SOS PDUs 2 5 Table 3 1 Using Interface Redundancy across Slots with Router Redundancy 3 4 Table A 1 Router Redundancy Group Global Parameters aaaaaaaaavaasvaassasani A 1 Table A 2 Router Redundancy Member Global Parameters 222 222 2a A 2 Table A 3 Router Redundancy Resource Parameters 2222 va avas nasansnnv nana A 2 Table C 1 Group Mode Planning Worksheet aiiaiaaaaaaaaasasssasaassansaaaaansaaaaannaaa C 1 Table C 2 Resource Planning Worksheet aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaasaaanananannnsannasnansanananaai C 2 Table C 3 Member Mode Planning Worksheet aaaaaaaaaaaaaassaasssaassanassaassaas nana C 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 xi Preface Nortel Networks redundancy services enhance router resilience by enabling a router to recover from either interface or router failure with minimal delay Interface redundancy protects your network from failures of individual LAN interfaces on a router Router redundancy protects your network from failures of the entire router You can use these services separately or in combination to ensure smooth and continuous operation of your network This guide describes what you do to configure redundancy services on a Nortel Networks router Before You Begin Before using this g
31. dancy group cannot reach its resources it changes out of the primary role Resources are determined by IP address so all resources must be running TCP IP Nortel Networks redundancy software includes several parameters that allow you to control how often and how many times a router attempts to ping its resources see Chapter 5 308626 14 00 Rev 00 2 7 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Bypassing the Bidding Process If your secondary router is performing network functions and you want the primary router to assume these functions after it switches out of the primary role the primary and secondary configuration files for both routers must be identical The only parameters that are different between the two routers are the primary configuration file path if you are using warm boot and the member ID You must also boot the primary router directly into its primary configuration and the secondary router into its secondary configuration bypassing the bidding process Failure to do so can result in connection problems related to both routers having the same IP address on a LAN Requirements Router redundancy has the following requirements Router redundancy is a Nortel Networks proprietary protocol All routers running router redundancy must be Nortel Networks routers Interfaces that you configure for router redundancy must be on networks with no other routers that require route advertisements on that segment of the netw
32. dancy is configured on a circuit by selecting that circuit in the Circuit Definition window and checking the Lines menu If Interface Redundancy appears dim it is not configured on the circuit you selected 308626 14 00 Rev 00 4 7 Chapter 5 Configuring Router Redundancy This chapter describes how to configure router redundancy It assumes you have read Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager and Chapters 2 and 3 of this guide and that you have already created a local configuration file for a router without router redundancy Note You cannot configure router redundancy in dynamic or remote mode To enable router redundancy you must choose at least two routers as members of a router redundancy group One of the routers will be the primary router it will provide normal routing bridging services The other router will be the secondary backup router it will take over if the primary router fails When you enable router redundancy you must configure some group and member parameters The Configuration Manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters Use the directions that follow to enable router redundancy and edit router redundancy parameters For each parameter this chapter describes default settings valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the MIB object ID 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Enabling R
33. e 5 10 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 19 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy p Configuration File Enter file name Volume ome techpubs sdb Router1 cfd Cancel Figure 5 10 Save Configuration File Window 9 Enter a file name and click on Save When naming configuration files use a filename that complies with the DOS naming standards eight characters followed by a dot followed by three characters For example save the configuration file as Router1 cfg Repeat Steps 1 through 8 using a different member ID and Router2 cfg as the base file name Do this for each member of a redundancy group Note We recommend that you copy each configuration file to the config file in case there is a power failure Upon reboot a router looks for its default configuration file config 5 20 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Warm Boot If the routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later and Version 11 00 or earlier a router in the group must reboot to perform a role switch To apply the group configuration file template to each member of this router redundancy group 1 In the main Site Manager window see Figure 5 1 on page 5 3 select Tools gt Router Redundancy gt Member Configuration The standard file selection window appears 2 Select the directory from which you created the file template and se
34. e configuration so it is impossible to make identical configuration files for any two slots on the module Therefore you must create two group configuration files exactly the same except for the member ID The following steps describe this procedure 1 Create the group mode configuration file for the first slot and save it as Discovery1 cfg 2 Create a second group mode configuration file for the second slot identical to the first file including the same group ID and save it as Discovery2 cfg If you edited any parameters in Discoveryl cfg make the same choices for Discovery2 cfg 3 Open each of these files in Member Mode and assign each a unique member ID Save each file 4 Copy the files to the router s Flash card Configuring Router Redundancy on Different 5380 Routers You can configure router redundancy so that a slot on one Model 5380 backs up either the same slot or a different slot on another 5380 e To back up the same slot on another 5380 configure router redundancy in the usual way following the directions at the beginning of this chapter e To back up a different slot on another 5380 you must create and use two group configuration files following the directions in the previous section Configuring Router Redundancy on One 5380 Router Removing Router Redundancy To remove router redundancy from a circuit or from an entire router 1 Create a new configuration file or modify the existing configuration
35. e the primary router Enter a number from 1 to 128 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 14 Warm Boot Disable Enable Disable Allows router redundancy to operate among routers running BayRS Version 11 01 or later and 11 00 or earlier If all of the routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later use the default setting Disable to allow a router in the group to perform a role switch without rebooting This is also called a hot standby If the routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later and Version 11 00 or earlier a router in the group must reboot also called warm boot to perform a role switch In this situation set Warm Boot to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 31 Caution Use the same Warm Boot setting for all routers in a router redundancy group 5 24 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configuring Router Redundancy Force Role Switch Don t Switch Don t Switch Switch Forces a router to switch out of the primary role when another member of the redundancy group would make a better primary router or prevents a router from doing so This parameter is valid only for manual role switching Choose Don t Switch or Switch 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 10 Note If a slot fails and the software cannot locate the configuration file and executable image on the volume you specified the software sea
36. e the remote interface on the other side of the WAN as a resource in the configuration of Router A 2 Set the Automatic Role Switching parameter to Auto for Router B These two steps allow the primary and best secondary router selection process to consider the WAN interface as a resource and to use the unavailability of this resource to trigger role switching 3 Configure Router B to have a higher priority than Router A to become the primary router Router B will assume the primary role only when Router A with the lower priority to be primary loses the remote router as a resource 4 Configure Router B with a dial on demand circuit but disable outbound calling Router B is now capable of receiving a dialed call For instructions on configuring dial lines refer to Configuring Dial Services 5 Configure the remote router with dial backup The remote router will only initiate a call to Router B if the WAN line to Router A fails If the WAN interface becomes nonfunctional for any reason the resource defined for it is unreachable This causes Router A the current primary router to cease being the best primary router and a role switch occurs Router B with its dial up connection to the remote router becomes the primary router Note however that because Router A and Router B must have identical configurations the remote router must initiate the dial backup connection The effect is that the dial up connection is a redundant i
37. ed primary interface under normal circumstances it is the active interface that provides normal routing bridging services The other is the redundant interface it takes over if the active interface fails Enabling Interface Redundancy To configure an interface redundancy group 1 In the Configuration Manager window select an available LAN interface The Add Circuit window opens Figure 4 1 308626 14 00 Rev 00 4 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Configuration Mode SNMP Agent Circuit Name 42 Color Key Available Select lines from available connectors Selected Slot Connectors ka F COM1 F COM2 F COM3 F CoMm4 F XCVR4 XCVR3 XCVR1 F CONSOLE Cancel Figure 4 1 Add Circuit Window 2 Select all other available LAN interfaces of the same type that you want to be members of this interface redundancy group 3 Click on OK Interface redundancy is now enabled on this circuit The Select Protocols window opens 4 Select the protocols you want to configure on the circuit and click on OK 5 Repeat Steps 1 through 4 to create additional interface redundancy groups 6 In the Configuration Manager window select one of the connectors in the interface redundancy group you just created The Edit Connector window opens Figure 4 2 4 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface Redundancy lEdit Circuit Edit Line Figure 4 2 Edit Connector Window 7 Select Edit Cir
38. eleting interfaces 4 6 combined with router redundancy 3 3 configuring 4 1 to 4 7 overview 1 1 priority rules 1 2 protocols supported 3 2 removing from a circuit 4 7 switching rules 1 2 IP 3 2 IPX 3 2 L LAN interfaces 100 Mb Ethernet 3 2 10 Mb Ethernet 3 2 FDDI 3 2 Token Ring 3 2 Index 2 manual role switching B 3 member global parameters Enable 5 23 Force Role Switch 5 25 Member ID 5 23 Priority 5 24 Member ID parameter 5 23 member mode 5 18 5 21 N network planning for redundancy services 3 1 C 1 O one shot auto role switching B 3 P parameter default settings A 1 PDU flow diagram 2 2 to 2 5 PDUs 2 2 Ping Interval parameter 5 16 Ping Retry Count parameter 5 16 Ping Timeout parameter 5 17 planning your network for redundancy services 3 1 Primary MAC Address parameter 5 9 primary router changing out of primary role 2 6 defined 2 1 Priority parameter 5 24 priority rules for interface redundancy 1 2 product support xvi protocol data units PDUs defined 2 2 used in role bidding 2 2 to 2 5 publications hard copy xv 308626 14 00 Rev 00 R redundancy protocol 2 2 to 2 5 redundant interface defined 1 1 removing interface redundancy from a circuit 4 7 removing router redundancy from a circuit or a router 5 27 resource availability 2 7 resource parameters Enable Status Update 5 16 Ping Interval 5 16 Ping Retry Count 5 16 Ping Timeout 5 1
39. ense agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Nortel Networks NA Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Nortel Networks NA Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATIO
40. er is so slight that it is still the best primary router no change occurs If the degradation is such that the current primary router is no longer the best primary role switch to a new primary may occur depending on the availability of a secondary router and on how you have set the Automatic Role Switching parameter The primary and best secondary selection process is the same as during initial bootup Primary Router Fails The sudden failure of the primary router causes the best secondary router to switch roles to primary Because the primary and best secondary selection process is performed continuously and involves all members of the router redundancy group no bidding process need occur at this time and the switch occurs with minimal delay B 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Examples Possible Complications The following sections describe complications that can occur when you use router redundancy Router Boots and Cannot Detect Another Member If a member of a router redundancy group boots and cannot detect any other member of its redundancy group within the bidding period it switches roles to become the primary router because it is the only member from which to select the primary Second Router Boots After First Router s Bidding Timer Expires If the first router has booted and a second router boots after the first router s bidding period expires the first router may be in the process of switching roles to
41. group uses the MAC address for all traffic including Breath of Life BofL The MAC address switches among interfaces in the interface redundancy group so that it always represents the active interface The MAC address affects the setup of network layer protocol adjacent hosts on adjacent routers For example if you have adjacent routers and the IP adjacent host is defined with its next hop being the active interface in an interface redundancy group the adjacent host MAC address must be the active interface s MAC address that is Ox 2y yy A2xx xxxx The circuit number maps to a virtual LAN VLAN on the router Multiple VLANs on the same router can be connected to frame switches You find the complete MAC address for the active interface in the interface management information base MIB Ethernet or FDDI of the router on which interface redundancy is configured For example if you are configuring Ethernet you can find the active MAC address in the Ethernet MIB by entering the following command from the Technician Interface get wfCSMACDEntry wfCSMACDMadr Among the entries displayed in the MIB is the MAC address Ox 2y yy A2xx xxxx which is used for interface redundancy If you configure more than one interface redundancy group on the same router you will see more than one entry with the same MAC address This is not a problem because the two redundancy groups are in different subnets 1 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 2
42. hen the routers should change roles Switch on Failure allows a role change only when an interface on the primary router fails or a resource becomes unreachable and does not consider Priority or Member ID One Shot Auto triggers a one time only automatic role change Thereafter a role change occurs only if an interface fails or a resource becomes unreachable If the routers in the redundancy group are using warm boot the One Shot Auto function behaves the same as the Switch on Failure function Accept the default Auto or choose one of the other options according to the requirements of your network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 11 Hello Timer 2 seconds 1 to 86 400 seconds Specifies the amount of time that the routers in the redundancy group have for sending each other primary and secondary Hello PDUs The routers use Hello PDUs to initiate the bidding process that determines which router is primary Enter a value in the specified range or accept the default of 2 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 15 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Timeout Threshold 5 1 to 100 Specifies the number of time periods during which the secondary routers wait to receive a Hello PDU
43. igure 5 11 Save Configuration File Window 11 Enter Alpha as the file name and click on Primary Save Site Manager appends the pri suffix to the file name and then closes the window The Configuration Manager window opens see Figure 5 8 on page 5 18 12 Select Protocols gt Router Redundancy gt Clear to clear all protocols except router redundancy from the redundant circuits 13 Select File gt Save As in the Configuration Manager window The Save Configuration File window opens see Figure 5 11 on page 5 22 14 Again enter Alpha as the file name Then click on Secondary Save Site Manager appends the sec suffix to the file name and then closes the window 15 Exit from the Configuration Manager If router Alpha and router Beta have identical configurations you can now repeat steps 1 through 15 using a different member ID and Beta as the base file name If the configurations differ you should modify the nonredundant parts of the configuration before saving the configuration file 5 22 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Router Redundancy Member Global Parameters Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit router redundancy member global parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable This parameter is automa
44. ing in the primary role You can configure router redundancy with only one hub and one port of one 281xx switch but a single point of failure then exists 308626 14 00 Rev 00 B 7 Appendix C Worksheets for Configuring Router Redundancy These worksheets assume a router redundancy group of three routers and can help you configure your own router redundancy group Table C 1 Group Mode Planning Worksheet Planning Issue Parameter Redundancy Group Router Type All in group must be the same for example BCN BLN ASN Hardware Configuration CPU and interface module type slot and port locations of the backed up interfaces must be the same Software Configuration Software version and loadable modules configured must be the same Primary MAC Address for Backed Up Interfaces 1 2 3 4 IP Addresses for Backed Up Interfaces 1 2 3 4 Group ID Automatic Role Switching Hello Timer Timeout Threshold continued 308626 14 00 Rev 00 C 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Table C 1 Group Mode Planning Worksheet continued Planning Issue Parameter Redundancy Group Good Bid Count Bid Duration Table C 2 Resource Planning Worksheet Planning Issue Parameter Router A Router B Router C Enable Status Update Ping Interval Ping Retry Count Ping Timeout IP Addresses for Resources 1 2 3
45. its between attempts to ping the devices with which you configured it to communicate The parameter applies when all is functioning normally Accept the default or choose another value in the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 3 1 7 Ping Retry Count 3 1to9 Specifies the number of times that the primary router tries to ping a device before it determines that the device is unreachable Accept the default or choose another value in the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 3 1 8 5 16 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Ping Timeout 5 seconds 1 to 10 seconds Specifies the amount of time in seconds that the router waits between attempts to ping the devices with which you configured it to communicate This parameter applies when a prior ping has been unsuccessful Accept the default or choose another value in the specified range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 3 1 9 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Hot Standby If all routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later a router in the group can perform a role switch without rebooting Use the following procedure to apply the group configuration file template to each member of this router redundancy group 1 In the main Site Manager window see Figure 5 1 on page
46. lect your configuration file template 3 Click on Open File The Configuration Manager window opens but this time in member mode see Figure 5 8 on page 5 18 The circuit you previously selected for group configuration is shaded or in green 4 Select Protocols gt Router Redundancy gt Member Configuration in the Configuration Manager window see Figure 5 8 on page 5 18 Note Select Protocols gt Router Redundancy gt Clear to clear all protocols except router redundancy from circuits with router redundancy configured Use this feature when you are converting a primary configuration to a secondary one See steps 9 and 10 for further information The R R Member Global Parameters Configuration window opens see Figure 5 9 on page 5 19 5 Set the Warm Boot parameter to Enable 6 Enter the name of the primary configuration file in the Primary Config File Path field for example 2 alpha pri 7 Enter values for the member global parameters using the descriptions that follow this procedure for guidelines 8 Click on OK when you are done The Configuration Manager window opens see Figure 5 8 on page 5 18 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 21 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy 9 Add any protocols you want to include on your nonredundant interfaces 10 Select File gt Save As The Save Configuration File window opens Figure 5 11 Save Configuration File Gtmp_mnt usr21 techpubs sdb temp F
47. lows you to clear all protocols from all circuits that have router redundancy configured The Clear option does not clear any protocols from circuits that are not configured for router redundancy This option is useful when you convert a primary router redundancy configuration to a secondary configuration because a typical secondary configuration does not include any of the protocols that the primary has To access the Clear option choose Protocols gt Router Redundancy gt Clear in the Configuration Manager main window 3 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Implementation Notes Compatibility If you are upgrading from Version 11 0 5 0 or earlier you must completely reconfigure router redundancy If you are upgrading from Version 11 01 5 01 or later your existing configuration is compatible with the new software 308626 14 00 Rev 00 3 5 Chapter 4 Configuring Interface Redundancy This chapter describes how to configure interface redundancy It assumes you have read Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager and Chapters 1 and 3 of this guide and that you have 1 Opened a configuration file in local or remote mode 2 Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file 3 Selected the link or net module connector on which you are enabling interface redundancy To enable interface redundancy you must select at least two interfaces as members of an interface redundancy group One of the interfaces is the designat
48. n carry the router redundancy protocol 3 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Implementation Notes Router Redundancy Requirements All members of a router redundancy group must e Be the same router type for example BCN BLN or ASN e Have the same hardware configuration This includes CPU and interface module types slot and port locations of the backed up interfaces and resources e Have the same software configuration For example all group members must be running the same router software version and have the same loadable modules configured Using Interface and Router Redundancy in Combination Use interface redundancy with router redundancy to provide combined protection from internal router failure and total router failure The combination of interface and router redundancy provides better interface protection than is possible using interface redundancy alone You can configure backed up interfaces within redundant routers and you can also configure some interfaces that are not backed up Interface redundancy allows data transmission to occur without interruption in the event of a failed interface Router redundancy provides the security of uninterrupted network service redundancy and the CPU board for the slot with the active interface fails router redundancy may take precedence over interface redundancy even though there is a member of the interface redundancy group available to transmit data The result will be un
49. ndancy groups on the same router Active Interface The active interface performs normal bridging and routing services When you configure interface redundancy you select one interface on the router to have the highest priority for being the active interface That interface is the designated primary interface Under normal circumstances the designated primary interface is the active interface for the redundancy group If the active interface fails however another interface in the group becomes the new active interface Redundant Interfaces All members of an interface redundancy group other than the active interface are redundant interfaces A redundant interface has no function other than to serve as a backup 308626 14 00 Rev 00 1 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Interface Roles Nortel Networks interface redundancy software determines which interface in a redundancy group becomes the active interface if the current active interface fails The software also determines the priority for each of the remaining members of the group to become the active interface Determining the Active Interface When you boot a router configured with interface redundancy the designated primary interface has 12 seconds to become active If it does become active data transmission begins normally If the designated primary interface does not become active within 12 seconds the redundant interface with the highest priority becomes
50. necessary delays in data transmission Caution If you configure interface redundancy across slots with router 308626 14 00 Rev 00 3 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Table 3 1 demonstrates what happens when you configure interface redundancy across slots using router and interface redundancy together Table 3 1 Using Interface Redundancy across Slots with Router Redundancy Router A Router B Router A is in the primary role for router Router B is in the secondary role redundancy It also has the active interface in the interface redundancy group The CPU board for the active interface fails Router B is the new best primary router and it Router A detects that it is no longer the best assumes the primary role primary router so Router A changes its role to secondary Meanwhile a redundant interface from the Router B recognizes that it is no longer the best interface redundancy group has become active primary router and changes out of the primary with the result that Router A is again the best role primary router in the router redundancy group Router A assumes the primary role Router B is in the secondary role Data is moving again Note that you can prevent the second role change by configuring the Automatic Role Switching parameter to Switch on Failure or One Shot Auto refer to Chapter 5 Using the Clear Function The Clear option from the Router Redundancy pulldown menu al
51. ng with Router Software Version 11 01 the actual time between BofL transmissions is the value of the BOFL Timeout parameter divided by the value of the BOFL Timeout Divisor parameter When set to a value greater than 1 this parameter reduces the value of BOFL Timeout When you configure Router Redundancy on an interface Site Manager automatically sets this parameter to reduce the time between BofL transmissions If the circuit goes down the interface reaches the BOFL Retries value sooner thus reducing the time it takes the router to declare a circuit down Increase the value of this parameter if you want line status to be detected in less than 1 second intervals For example with the BOFL Timeout parameter set to 5 seconds and the BOFL Timeout Divisor set to 10 the router sends a BofL message every 0 5 seconds 5 divided by 10 With BOFL Timeout set to 5 seconds and the BOFL Timeout Divisor set to 1 transmissions occur every 5 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 4 1 1 60 D 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Numbers 100 Mb Ethernet 3 2 10 Mb Ethernet 3 2 A acronyms Xv active interface defined 1 1 adding interfaces to a group 4 6 AppleTalk 3 2 applying a group configuration file 5 18 5 21 auto role switching B 3 Automatic Role Switching parameter 5 11 B 2 Bid Duration parameter 5 12 bidding period B 3 bidding process for router redundancy 2 2 to 2 5 BOFL parameters role change speed 1 3 2 6 BofL parameters
52. nterface for the WAN connection Note that in this case the dial up synchronous interface between Router B and the remote router is active only when the WAN interface fails Router A and Router B can be at the branch office the remote router is at the central or regional office B 6 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Examples Example 4 Router Redundancy with Ethernet Switches Figure B 4 illustrates a router redundancy group with primary and secondary routers connected to BayStack Ethernet switches in this example a BayStack 281xx Fast Ethernet switch This configuration allows you to use router redundancy with a bridged or frame switched network Router A Router B El Lo 281XX switch 281XX switch E RRE0005A Figure B 4 Router Redundancy with 281 xx Fast Ethernet Switches The routers have the same MAC address and their redundancy configurations are identical in all other ways Using connected hubs allows each switch to use only one port to connect to both routers Because the switches use the spanning tree algorithm only one of the switch ports is in use at any time Neither switch can detect that its partner switch is also connected to the same router redundancy group Neither switch can detect that there are two different routers using the same MAC address on different ports The switches therefore accept or send data regardless of which router is act
53. o see if Router A is a better primary router if so Router B does not plan to change roles continued 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Overview Table 2 1 Redundancy Protocol PDU Flow Diagram for Role Bidding continued Router A PDU Router B Receives Hello PDU from Router B and stores its contents in the redundancy group database Checks to see if Router B is a better primary router if so Router A does not plan to change roles Hello PDU Role Secondary Starts sending Hello PDUs at periodic intervals these PDUs are Router B s bids for the primary role After the bidding period times out the SOS New After the bidding period times out the software determines that Router Ais the Primary PDU software determines that another member of best primary router Role Secondary the router redundancy group is the best Router A sends the SOS New Primary 7777777777777 4 primary router PDU and then changes role to become Router B remains in a secondary role and the primary router continues to monitor the redundancy group status Receives the periodic Hello PDU and Hello PDU Continues sending periodic Hello PDUs with updates the redundancy group database including each member s interface status information Role Secondary local interface status information Continues sending periodic Primary Hello PDU Receives the periodic Primary Hello PDUs Hello PDUs with local interface
54. or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Nortel Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly
55. ork All members of a router redundancy group must have exactly the same configuration for all redundant interfaces except for the member ID priority resources and primary configuration file path if you are using warm boot A router can be a member of only one router redundancy group 2 8 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 3 Implementation Notes This chapter provides information about special features of Bay Networks interface and router redundancy Planning Your Network Configuring router redundancy on your network is somewhat different from configuring most protocols because router redundancy involves multiple nodes Consider your network requirements and design your interface and router redundancy groups carefully to maximize the benefits of using redundancy In particular keep in mind the following characteristics of router and interface redundancy e The interfaces you configure as backed up interfaces should perform routing services that you rate as your highest priority e Remember that if a router becomes the primary router in a router redundancy group other functions it has been performing while in the secondary role terminate e Bay Networks recommends that you configure redundant routers as dedicated redundant routers that is with the backup role as their sole function e A router can be a member of only one router redundancy group 308626 14 00 Rev 00 3 1 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy
56. ose Disable to stop the redundancy protocol from working on this router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 2 1 2 Role Switch On Failure Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables a role change if this interface fails Accept the default Enable or choose Disable to prevent a role change in the event this interface fails 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 2 1 5 5 8 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configuring Router Redundancy Send PDU Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables sending of router redundancy PDUs on a per circuit basis This parameter is automatically set to Enable when you choose Router Redundancy from the Select Protocols window At least one interface on each router in the group must have this parameter enabled so that all routers in the group receive status information about each other You may want to disable this parameter on some redundant interfaces to minimize network traffic on a busy interface Choose Enable or Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 2 1 6 Primary MAC Address None Any unique 48 bit MAC address that the network manager provides The primary router uses the MAC address to route data When the primary router fails and a backup router becomes the new primary router the new primary router assumes this MAC address Enter a unique MAC address 1 3 6
57. outer Redundancy To configure a router redundancy group you create a group configuration file This file is a template that you use to configure each member of the group The instructions in this chapter assume that you want to create a router redundancy group consisting of two members Router and Router 2 The configuration file you apply to these routers is named template This file can be an existing configuration file to which you are adding router redundancy or it can be a new file you create to configure router redundancy and other features Creating a Group Configuration File To create a redundancy group configuration file template complete the following steps All group members will use the values you configure in this file 1 In the main Site Manager window choose Tools gt Router Redundancy gt Group Configuration Figure 5 1 5 2 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Figure 5 1 Main Site Manager Window The standard file selection window opens 2 Enter template as the file name The standard router window opens 3 Choose a router The Configuration Manager window opens 4 Choose an empty slot The Module List window opens 5 Choose a module and click on OK 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy The Configuration Manager window opens 6 In the Configuration Manager window select an available connector The Add Circuit window opens Figure 5 2
58. p Global Parameters Configuration window opens Figure 5 5 Subsequent interfaces use the values you supply in this window 5 6 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Cancel Group ID Automatic Role Switching AUTO Hello Timer Timeout Threshold Good Bid Count Bid Duration Role Switch Delay Period Figure 5 5 R R Group Global Parameters Configuration Window Site Manager supplies default values for all parameters 12 Enter values for any parameters you want to edit using the descriptions that follow this procedure for guidelines 13 Click on OK The Configuration Manager window opens The circuits you configured for router redundancy are either green or shaded depending on your monitor 14 Choose File gt Save then exit the window 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 7 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Router Redundancy Circuit Parameters Use the following descriptions as guidelines when you edit router redundancy circuit parameters Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable This parameter is automatically set to Enable when you choose Router Redundancy from the Select Protocols window If you set this parameter to Disable you temporarily disable the redundancy protocol on the router without deleting your configuration file Cho
59. r Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID BofL Parameters BOFL Timeout 5 seconds 1 to 60 seconds Specifies the time between transmissions of Breath of Life messages from this Ethernet interface Timeout occurs if five periods elapse without a successful BofL message transmission When timeout occurs the router disables and reenables this Ethernet interface This parameter is valid only if you set BofL Enable to Enable Accept the default or specify a new value up to 60 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 4 1 1 59 BOFL Retries 5 4 when the interface is configured for Router Redundancy 1 to 5 retries Specifies the number of BofL messages this interface can retransmit before the router declares the circuit down Either accept the default or specify a lower value Use this parameter in conjunction with the BOFL Timeout Divisor and BOFL Timeout parameters to decrease the time it takes the router to declare an interface down 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 4 1 1 59 308626 14 00 Rev 00 D 3 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID BOFL Timeout Divisor 1 10 when the interface is configured for Router Redundancy An integer 1 to 59 less than or equal to the value of the BOFL Timeout parameter The BOFL Timeout parameter specifies a time period between transmissions of Breath of Life messages from this Ethernet interface Beginni
60. r assumes the primary role according to the following criteria which the redundancy protocol considers in the following order 1 Number of good interfaces 2 Number of reachable resources 3 Priority to become primary which you configure for more information see the Priority parameter in Chapter 5 4 Lowest member ID for more information see the Member ID parameter in Chapter 5 For example if two routers in a router redundancy group have the same number of good interfaces the protocol considers the number of reachable resources each router has But if one router has a larger number of good interfaces that router becomes primary without consideration of subsequent criteria The routers use a bidding process to determine which router becomes the primary router If the group has more than two members the bidding process also determines which of the backup routers is the best secondary router The bidding process consists of an exchange of messages called protocol data units PDUs Table 2 1 provides a detailed description of this process Table 2 1 Redundancy Protocol PDU Flow Diagram for Role Bidding Router A PDU Router B Starts in secondary role Starts in secondary role Sends Hello PDUs at periodic intervals Hello PDU Receives Hello PDU from Router A and These PDUs start the bidding for the Role Secondary stores its contents in the redundancy group primary role wenn nnn nn nana nee gt database Checks t
61. r otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment Thi
62. rches all volumes to locate these files We recommend that you store the image on multiple volumes to be readily available if a slot fails Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Primary Config File Path None A text string in DOS format xxxxxxxx xxx Specifies the name of the primary configuration file the router uses when it boots or reboots as the primary router This file name is the one you enter with the Primary Save action described in step 9 of Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Warm Boot on page 5 21 The example in this guide uses the name Alpha pri To activate this parameter Warm Boot must be set to Enable Enter a file name including the volume ID vol filename For example enter 2 alpha pri 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 20 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 25 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Sending Configuration Files to Routers Using Hot Standby If you followed the procedure in Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Hot Standby on page 5 18 you have now created configuration files that allow routers 1 and 2 to use members of a router redundancy group To send these files to the appropriate routers copy them to the router Flash card using FTP or TFTP Copy Router cfg to router 1 and Router2 cfg to router 2 We recommend that you copy Router cfg to config and Router2 cfg to the config file in case there is a power failu
63. re Upon reboot a router looks for its default configuration file config Sending Configuration Files to Routers Using Warm Boot If you followed the procedure in Applying a Group Configuration File for Routers Using Warm Boot on page 5 21 you have now created four configuration files for routers Alpha and Beta to use in their roles as primary and secondary members of a router redundancy group To send these files to the appropriate routers 1 Copy the files to a router s Flash card using FTP or TFTP Copy Alpha pri and Alpha sec to Alpha and Beta pri and Beta sec to Beta 2 Copy Alpha sec to the config file on the first router Copy Beta sec to the config file on the second router Note We recommend storing the template file on the routers as well Configuring Router Redundancy on Model 5380 Routers You can use router redundancy on a Model 5380 router in several different ways because of this router s versatility A Model 5380 router may logically be a single slot router among other single slot routers on the same module or all the slots may logically be ports on the same router 5 26 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Router Redundancy Configuring Router Redundancy on One 5380 Router If you are working with a Model 5380 as a single slot router you can configure different slots on the same router module as members of a router redundancy group However the slot number is incorporated in th
64. ree Routers at the Same Site Figure B 2 illustrates a router redundancy group with three routers at the same site Router A Router B Router C Figure B 2 Router Redundancy Three Routers at the Same Site RREO002A The only difference between having two members and three members in a router redundancy group is that the best secondary selection process becomes meaningful Any degradation of a secondary member may cause a new best secondary to be selected Because the best secondary selection process occurs upon any state change within the router redundancy group the designation of the best secondary router is current at all times B 4 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Examples Example 3 Router Redundancy with Wide Area Networks Bay Networks router redundancy services do not currently allow configuration of a wide area network WAN interface as a backed up or redundant interface You can circumvent this limitation for IP based networks only Refer to Figure B 3 as you read the following explanation Remote router I Router A Router B RRE0003B Figure B 3 Router Redundancy with Wide Area Networks 308626 14 00 Rev 00 B 5 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy To provide redundancy for this WAN 1 Defin
65. s warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Nortel Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files dat
66. status Role Primary and updates the redundancy group information wenn nanan nanan gt database including each member s interface The Primary Hello PDUs from the Status information primary router have additional meaning Restarts the Primary OK Timer to other members of the redundancy group Time Passes Primary router fails SOS New Primary OK Timer expires for n times Primary PDU Router B determines that the primary router Router A is in an unknown state may not have received this PDU Role Secondary has failed Based on information in the redundancy group database the software determines that Router B is the best secondary router to become the new primary router Router B sends an SOS New Primary PDU which prevents any other secondary router in the group from becoming the primary router Router B becomes the new primary router Router A remains in an unknown state may not have received this PDU Hello PDU Role Primary As the new primary router Router B periodically sends Primary Hello PDUs with local interface status information 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy The primary router periodically monitors itself to make sure it is functioning normally If it is not functioning properly a role change occurs as follows 1 The primary router notifies the best secondary router that it intends to change out of the primary role 2 The best secondary router informs
67. t reach its resources Router Failure If the primary router in a router redundancy group fails entirely it obviously is no longer the best primary router and a role change occurs as outlined in Tables 2 1 and 2 2 Note If the routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later and Version 11 00 or earlier a router in the group must reboot also referred to as a warm boot to perform a role change To configure this see Chapter 5 If all the routers in a router redundancy group are running Version 11 01 or later a router in the group can perform a role change without rebooting also referred to as a hot swap To configure this see Chapter 5 All routers in a router redundancy group must use the same warm boot setting Interface Failure If one or more interfaces on the primary router fail it is probably no longer the best primary router depending on the status of the interfaces on the other routers in the router redundancy group If it is not the best primary router it changes out of the primary role BofL Parameters and Role Change Speed for Ethernet To increase the speed of detecting failed interfaces and changing roles on Ethernet connectors the software automatically shortens the values in the BofL parameters when you enable router redundancy The relevant parameters are BofL Timeout BofL Retries and BofL Timeout Divisor When you enable BofL the router only sends BofL messages if the in
68. terface is idle If the interface is transmitting regular data traffic it does not send BofL messages 2 6 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Router Redundancy Overview The BofL Retries parameter sets the number of BofL messages the interface transmits before the router declares the circuit down The default value for router redundancy is 4 The number of seconds between BofL messages is the value of the BofL Timeout parameter divided by the BofL Timeout Divisor parameter The default value for the BofL Timeout parameter is 5 seconds When you enable router redundancy the software sets the default value of the BofL Timeout Divisor parameter to 10 and thereby shortens the interval between BofL messages to 0 5 seconds With a divisor value of 10 and a retries value of 4 the router takes 2 seconds to detect 4 missed BofLs and initiate a role change The entire role change procedure takes about 3 seconds You may want to set the retries to a value higher than 4 depending on the nature of your network If your network typically carries traffic in bursts setting the retries value to 4 could trigger frequent unnecessary role switching Refer to Appendix D for parameter descriptions and instructions for using Site Manager to edit these parameters Resource Availability A router is functioning normally if it can reach the resources servers printers and other devices with which you configure it to communicate If a primary router in a redun
69. the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Nortel Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Nortel Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall not sublicense assign o
70. the active interface and transmission begins The 12 second initialization period occurs only once and applies only to the designated primary interface After initialization all redundant interfaces are ready to become active immediately if the active interface fails Reset Active Feature Interface redundancy includes a Reset Active feature that allows you to force the interface you have designated as primary to become the active interface Using this feature may improve network performance Refer to Chapter 4 for information about accessing the Reset Active feature Determining Priority The redundant interface with the highest priority becomes the active interface if the active interface fails During startup if the designated primary interface fails to become active the following interfaces become active in this order 1 Redundant interfaces on the same slot as the designated primary interface 2 Redundant interfaces on other slots 308626 14 00 Rev 00 Interface Redundancy Overview During normal data transfer if the active interface fails the following interfaces become active in this order 1 Redundant interfaces on the slot that is processing the routing bridging table for this circuit 2 Redundant interfaces on other slots BofL Parameters and Role Change Speed on Ethernet When you enable BofL the router only sends BofL messages if the interface is idle If the interface is transmitting regular data traffi
71. tically set to Enable when you choose Router Redundancy from the Select Protocols window If you set this parameter to Disable you temporarily disable router redundancy on the router without deleting your configuration file Choose Disable to disable router redundancy on this router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 2 Member ID 1 1 to 128 Specifies the identification number for this member of the router redundancy group Each member ID number in a group must be unique For example if there are two routers in a redundancy group one router could have a member ID of 1 and the other could have a member ID of 2 The role change rules use the member ID to determine a router s priority to become the primary router if the Priority parameter for both routers is set to the same value Enter a number from 1 to 128 that you have not already assigned to a member of this redundancy group 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 17 1 5 308626 14 00 Rev 00 5 23 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Priority 1 1 to 128 Indicates this router s priority to become primary router the higher the value the higher the priority The router with the highest priority becomes the primary router If two routers have the same priority the router with the lower member ID number has higher priority to becom
72. uide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router see the installation guide that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Nortel Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 308626 14 00 Rev 00 xiii Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions angle brackets lt gt Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is ping lt p_address gt you enter ping 192 32 10 12 bold text Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command italic text Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscore Example If the command syntax is show at lt valid_route gt valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value for it screen text Indicates system
73. y router receives the SOS Reply PDU with its OK indication from Router B SOS Reply PDU Role Secondary Router B sends the SOS Reply PDU indicating that it is ready to be the new primary router and that it is OK for the current primary router to change out of the primary role Router A sends an SOS Primary Good bye PDU then changes out of the primary role SOS Primary Goodbye PDU Role Primary Router B receives the SOS Primary Goodbye PDU Router A may not receive this PDU but all other members of the redundancy group do This message tells the other secondary members to delay bidding for the new primary role until after the bidding timer expires and they detect that there is no primary router SOS New Primary PDU Role Secondary Router B sends the SOS New Primary PDU to indicate that it is changing roles to become the new primary router Router B changes its role to become the new primary router Router A may not receive this PDU All other members of the redundancy group do and update their redundancy group databases Hello PDU Role Primary Router B has finished the role change and is now the new primary router Router B sends its first periodic Primary Hello PDU 308626 14 00 Rev 00 2 5 Configuring Interface and Router Redundancy Role Change A router may change out of the primary role because of router failure failure of one or more interfaces or because it canno

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