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Avaya Configuring Frame Relay Services User's Manual

1. Frame relay network Router DLCI 100 Line B DLCI 200 FR0009A Figure 2 11 Multiline Network In this example when the router receives traffic destined for the network it alternates or randomizes depending on how you configure it between line A and line B to transmit the data The router uses both lines simultaneously to balance the traffic between each path If one of these lines goes down the router uses the remaining line You can multiline up to four service records together Each service record must be on a different physical line on the router We also recommend that each line be on a different slot to provide fault tolerance You must also match DLCIs in each service record of the multiline Matching DLCIS ensures that a backup exists for each PVC 117376 A Rev A 2 23 Configuring Frame Relay Services The most important part of configuring multiline is setting the PVC DLCI number This number identifies each PVC thereby specifying a path for the router to direct data to the network For each frame relay PVC that you configure make certain that PVCs with the same destination have the same DLCI number Note If you use multiline packets traveling on the two paths may arrive at their destination out of sequence Some protocols do not tolerate packets ar
2. ssss 2 25 Table B 1 Frame Relay Interface Parameters sse B 1 Table B 2 Frame Relay Service Record DLCI and PVC Parameters B 2 Table B 3 Multiline IS TESTA TETTE SES B 2 117376 A Rev A xi About This Guide If you are responsible for configuring frame relay you need to read this guide If you want to Go to Start frame relay on a router and get it running with default settings for Chapter 1 parameters Learn about the frame relay protocol and special aspects of the Bay Chapter 2 Networks implementation of frame relay Change default settings for frame relay parameters Chapter 3 Obtain information about Site Manager parameters this is the same Appendix A information you obtain using Site Manager online Help View default settings for all frame relay parameters Appendix B Before You Begin Before using this guide with a new router you must complete the following procedures e Install the router see the installation manual that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager and router software For instructions refer to Upgrading Routers from Version 7 11 xx to Version 12 00 117376
3. Frame relay network vc Router VG Router a Frame relay defines the interface between the DTE router and the DCE switch VC virtual circuit Router FR0001A Figure 2 1 Frame Relay Network Frame relay assumes that networks use transmission lines with low error rates such as digital transmission media Consequently frame relay provides only basic error detection with no error recovery This minimizes the processing required for each packet allowing frame relay networks to operate at higher speeds with fewer network delays Because frame relay performs only basic error checking end stations running upper layer protocols such as Internet Protocol IP are responsible for resending packets that did not transmit correctly the first time 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview Frame Relay Packets Figure 2 2 illustrates the structure of a frame relay packet The packet s header field includes the following Data link connection identifier DLCI The DLCI is the permanent virtual circuit PVC identification number The frame relay network uses the DLCI to direct basic data flow Command response bit C R ITU T formerly CCITT standards do not use this bit Forward explicit congestion notification FECN and backward explicit congestion notification BECN The FECN and BECN indicate congestion on the network See Congestion Control on page 2 14 for information about how the frame relay s
4. 117376 A Rev A 2 5 Configuring Frame Relay Services Frame Processing When a frame enters a frame relay network the network performs three steps to process the data 1 Verifies the cyclic redundancy check CRC if an error is found it drops the frame Performs a table lookup for the DLCI if the DLCI is invalid or unknown it drops the frame If the frame is valid forwards it to its destination Frame Relay Service Records Bay Networks uses service records to define frame relay circuits A service record is a data structure that allows flexible grouping and characterization of PVCs A service record can contain a single PVC or multiple PVCs Service records Support all protocols Simplify network addressing because you define and associate only one protocol address with groups of frame relay PVCs Allow multiple groups of PVCs per frame relay interface Enable you to group multiple PVCs for each network protocol into separate service records thereby reducing the number of buffers needed per circuit during broadcasts Lower customer costs by creating multiple broadcast domains Conserve resources because they require a small number of circuits Are easy to configure Default Service Record The router creates the first service record automatically when you select frame relay as your WAN protocol This first service record is the default service record Any PVCs not associated with another configured
5. AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties 117376 A Rev A Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Bay Networks Inc Bay Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Softwar
6. Configuring Frame Relay Services BayRS Version 12 00 Site Manager Software Version 6 00 Part No 117376 A Rev A September 1997 rS Bay Networks ES Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright O 1997 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1997 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks AN BCN BLN BN FN FRE LN and Bay Networks are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node ANH ARN ASN Bay Networks Press and the Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 i1 of the Rights i
7. Moving PVCs from One Service Record to Another You can move PVCs on the same line from one service record to another Also you can move PVCs to already existing or to new service records Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Click on a port in the Configuration The Edit Connector window opens Manager window configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on PVCs The FR PVC List for Service window opens 5 Select the DLCI of the PVC to be moved The Frame Relay PVC Move window and click on Move opens 6 Click on OK The FR Service Record Selection window opens 7 Click on the target service record and click The FR Service Record Selection window on Select closes revealing the change in the FR PVC List for Service window Selecting a Management Type You can specify the management protocol that the router and the frame relay network use to communicate status information Routers connected back to back also use a management protocol to exchange status information The following list describes your options DLCMI None provides no management interface between the router and the frame relay network In the absence of management support you must configure all PVCs manually Rev I LMI provides user side management services as specified by Revisi
8. AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 117376 A Rev A Contents About This Guide Bas NOW EE EE EE EE xiii Conventions Ter T leen EROS T xiv DEREN ee et NN cupa st capio eas XV Ordering Bay Nelwalke PUIG AMONG aussen annemede xvi Bay Networks Customer Seite anna ee xvi FIO BEC ILI M ER EE xvii Chapter 1 Starting Frame Relay Prepaid a GODS Elsa 1 1 Spa Ob ETSI PVN ar odd Desks ccu edax nda da dera Dn n bes nc ber zh bal ere Dd 1 1 Deleting Frame Relay from a PIATOM sass cscri ninna aba Poesia ue usa 1 2 Chapter 2 Frame Relay Overview ITS P Les c To eU UMEN ree DEE 2 2 Frame Relay PEN een 2 3 Management Es EEE ececr sudo mucius debes S reds 2 4 EE REE LL Ls 2 6 Frame Relay Service Recorda unc rogi oni biO d eR ERR Ue Rl cu ge pad RE NU URDU 2 6 Default Service SEDED EEE ER 2 6 PATI I Service FAGEN A 2 7 Ad ang KOVNO P VOS aua usada ir iab ia nn 2 7 Frame Relay Access Modes Guan PET Suomen 2 7 SP FR MOUE ve 2 7 Buc We RE ERE ER 2 8 pe 0 REE 2 8 Using Hybrid Mode for Transpa
9. congestion control 2 14 definition of 2 3 big pipe little pipe 2 12 2 22 buffers and traffic shaping 2 21 C CIR definition of 2 16 enforcement 2 16 2 20 maximum value 2 16 with a value of 0 2 16 117376 A Rev A Index Circuit State Set parameter A 15 Committed Burst parameter A 16 committed burst rate See Bc committed information rate See CIR Compression Control parameter A 20 Congestion Control parameter A 7 A 18 Congestion Counter parameter A 8 A 19 Congestion Method parameter A 9 A 19 Congestion Timer parameter A 8 A 18 congestion description of 2 14 customer support programs xvi Technical Solutions Centers xvii Customizing frame relay 3 1 D data compression 2 13 3 16 with traffic shaping 2 20 data link control identifier DLCI 2 3 default parameter values B 1 default service record 2 6 deleting frame relay 1 2 3 19 PVCs 3 5 service records 3 3 direct mode 2 8 DLCI Number parameter A 13 DLCMI Data Link Control Management Interface definition of 2 4 Index 1 standards of 2 5 E Enable parameter A 2 enabling frame relay 1 1 Error Threshold parameter A 6 Excess Burst parameter A 17 excess burst See Be F FECN forward explicit congestion notification congestion control 2 14 definition of 2 3 FR PVC List for Service window A 14 frame processing 2 6 frame relay defaults B 1 deleting from a router 1 2 overview 2 2 reference
10. FECN FTP HSSI IP IPX ISDN ITU T LAN LMI MAC OSI PRI PVC About This Guide American National Standards Institute Address Resolution Protocol Asynchronous Transfer Mode committed burst rate excess burst backward explicit congestion notification Breath of Life message International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee now ITU T command response bit committed information rate cyclic redundancy check data communications equipment discard eligibility data link connection identifier Data Link Control Management Interface data terminal equipment extended address bit forward explicit congestion notification File Transfer Protocol High Speed Serial Interface Internet Protocol Internet Packet Exchange Integrated Services Digital Network International Telecommunication Union Telecommunications formerly CCITT local area network Local Management Interface media access control Open Systems Interconnection Primary Rate Interface permanent virtual circuit 117376 A Rev A XV Configuring Frame Relay Services QofS quality of service VC virtual circuit URL uniform resource locator WAN wide area network WCP WAN Compression Protocol XNS Xerox Networking System Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from Bay Networks Press at the following numbers e Phone U S Canada 8
11. Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 1 0 5 to 5 seconds in 0 5 second intervals Specifies the length of time in seconds during which the router counts congestion notifications If the router receives the number of congestion notifications set by the congestion counter parameter the router stops transmitting data The router resumes transmission once it stops receiving congestion notifications Set the length of time the router should count congestion notifications from the network If you set this parameter for a long time period the router may be less likely to stop transmission for an intermittent congestion condition However the router may be slow to detect congestion resulting in long transmission delays once the congestion has cleared The value of this parameter applies to all PVCs that you do not individually configure 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 23 Congestion Counter Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 20 1 through 500 notifications Indicates the maximum number of congestion notifications that the router can receive during the congestion timer period before it stops transmitting If the router reaches the value set by this parameter it determines the line is congested and stops transmitting Specify the congestion count The smaller the number the more quickly the router detects congestion and stops transmitting The value of this parameter applies to all PVCs tha
12. Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs Enable Enable Disable Function Enables or disables data compression for this service record Accept the default Enable or select Disable if you decide not to use data compression for this service record MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 29 Optional Algorithm Parameter for Each Multiline Configuration The Services Multiline With window Figure A 5 contains the Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line parameter sevens Ma ed witn 2a VE FR Slot 4 COM3 Cct 7 Default Done FR Slot 3 T1 1 Cct 7 Default Add Remove Apply Values Help E rj Multi line Algorithm To Choose Line RANDOM IB Figure A 5 Services Multi line with Window A 20 117376 A Rev A Site Manager Parameters To access the window complete the tasks in the following table Path to Services Multi line with Window You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on the Multiline button The Services Multi line with window opens This window lets you Click on Add to add multiline services to a circuit The Add Multiline Services window opens Figure A 6
13. Services Multiline With A 20
14. System No I DSS1 Signalling Specification for Frame Relay Bearer Service Washington D C June 1991 11 617 Annex D 1991 Additional Procedures for Permanent Virtual Connections PVCs Using Unnumbered Information Frames Washington D C June 1991 T1 618 1991 Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN Core Aspects of Frame Protocol with Frame Relay Bearer Service Washington D C June 1991 Bradley T C Brown and A Malis Multiprotocol Interconnect over Frame Relay RFC 1490 Menlo Park California Network Information Center NIC SRI International January 1992 Digital Equipment Corporation et al T1S1 Standards based Frame Relay Specification with Common Enhancements Document Number 001 208966 Revision 1 0 September 1990 The following publications provide a less technical introduction to frame relay Davidson R and N Muller The Guide to SONET Planning Installing amp Maintaining Broadband Networks New York Telecom Library Inc 1991 Goldstein F ISDN in Perspective Reading MA Addison Wesley 1992 Jennings E T Jones and K Rehbehn The Buyer s Guide to Frame Relay Networking Netrix Corporation 2 26 117376 A Rev A Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay When you enable frame relay default values are in effect for all parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these values depending on your network requirements The following sectio
15. Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone number Fax number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 978 916 3514 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 408 495 1188 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 33 4 92 96 69 98 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 61 2 9927 881 1 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0180 81 3 5402 0173 117376 A Rev A xvii Chapter 1 Starting Frame Relay The quickest way to begin using frame relay on your network is to enable it with default values for all interface parameters and with a default service record The sections that follow describe this procedure Topic Page Preparing a Configuration File 1 1 Starting Frame Relay ti Deleting Frame Relay from a Platform 1 2 Preparing a Configuration File To prepare a configuration file 1 Create and save a configuration file that has at least one WAN interface 2 Retrieve the configuration file in local remote or dynamic mode 3 Specify router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file Starting Frame Relay To enable frame relay 1 Select a link or net module connector that requires a WAN circuit 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services 2 Specify frame relay as the WAN protocol by completing the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Choose a link or net module T
16. VC the same number of buffers If you have 10 traffic shaped VCs per interface each VC has 20 buffers If you enable protocol prioritization the default number of buffers is 30 for high priority traffic 200 for normal and 30 for low You can use the Technician Interface to increase the total number of buffers for the interface and you can also redistribute buffers among the VCs and among priority queues The attributes that you customize at the interface level are wfFrDlcmiShapingHiQueueLimit wfFrDicmiShapingNormalQueueLimit wfFrDicmiShapingLoQueueLimit At the VC level the attributes are wfFrCircuitShapedHiQueueLimit wfFrCircuitShapedNormalQueueLimit wfFrCircuitShapedLoQueueLimit 117376 A Rev A 2 21 Configuring Frame Relay Services For further information on using the Technician Interface see Using Technician Interface Software FECN and BECN Notification Bits The earlier section Congestion Control explained that a specified number of FECN and BECN bits received during a set time period indicate congestion When congestion occurs on a traffic shaped VC the router either drops traffic throttles it or throttles and then drops traffic depending on the value of the Congestion Method parameter The FECN and BECN notifications are part of the header in a frame relay data packet In a big pipe little pipe topology see Figure 2 10 the central site router typically sends much more data than it receives Therefore
17. bits The maximum number of bits that a VC can transmit during the VC s burst period Tc when congestion is occurring To enable traffic shaping this parameter and the Throughput parameter CIR must both be greater than zero The Committed Burst Bc value should be lower than the Throughput Enter a value within the given range We recommend that you set this parameter to 1 4 of the CIR unless this VC is sending frames larger than that size If the VC is sending large frames increase the value of this parameter to accommodate the size of those frames 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 16 A 16 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Excess Burst Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Frame Relay Circuit Definition window gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs gt Frame Relay PVC List for Service window 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 This value is added to the Committed Burst value to determine the maximum number of bits that may be transmitted during the VC s burst period when there is no congestion The Excess Burst plus the Committed Burst must be less than or equal to the line speed Enter a value within the given range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 17 Throughput Configuration Ma
18. can use Bay Networks WAN Compression Protocol WCP protocol prioritization congestion control and traffic shaping either singly or in combination to help control the flow of traffic and avoid loss of data Data Compression You can configure both hardware and software based data compression over WANs running frame relay Enabling compression improves bandwidth efficiency by eliminating redundant strings in data streams This in turn improves network response times and reduces line costs Enabling compression on a frame relay link also provides reliability Both sides of a link using compression maintain a history of data that has already traveled across the network and WCP WAN Compression Protocol detects and retransmits dropped packets 117376 A Rev A 2 13 Configuring Frame Relay Services To use data compression with frame relay the Compression Control parameter must be set to Enable the default value see Chapter 3 or Appendix A for information about how to access this parameter You must also select WCP from the protocols menu For a complete discussion of data compression see Configuring Data Compression Services Protocol Prioritization You can set priorities for the traffic sent across a synchronous line interface using a process called protocol prioritization The ability to prioritize traffic is important for an application that is time sensitive and that requires a fast response For example a user
19. detect and retransmit lost frames Hub and spoke topologies often present a big pipe little pipe situation The central or hub site has a faster link to the frame relay service because it is a point of concentration for many remote sites it has a big pipe with for example a T1 E1 connection that can transmit data at rates of 1 54 Mb s The remote sites usually support a much lower line speed 56 Kb s to 64 Kb s or little pipe Figure 2 7 illustrates this concept 2 12 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview B 1 536 2 048 b s s KD EE A A fen 7 N 64 Kbis p 64 Kbis FR0013A Figure 2 7 Big Pipe Little Pipe Topology The central site router sends traffic at its available bandwidth in this example at T1 rates 1 536 Mb s Some switches recognize that the remote site is configured at a lower speed and begin to drop frames above the capacity of the remote site router At the remote site the frame relay interface discards frames beyond its available buffer The assumption is that the user application detects the lost frames and either retransmits them or uses a flow control mechanism in the protocol such as windowing to throttle queue the traffic But not all applications have a robust mechanism to deal with lost or out of sequence frames You
20. for Service window Figure A 4 contains the PVC parameters set automatically when you use the Add button to add a PVC EEE OSC pone Add Values Help Circuit State Set Multicast Hybrid Mode Committed Burst Excess Burst Throughput Figure A 4 FR PVC List for Service Window To access the window complete the tasks in the following table A 14 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Path to FR PVC List for Service Window You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the Configuration Manager menu bar The Protocols menu opens 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Interface List window opens 4 Click on the PVCs button The FR PVC List for Service window opens Circuit State Set Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs Active Invalid Active Inactive Specifies the state of the PVC Set to Active to indicate to a frame relay switch that the PVC is available for use Set to Inactive to indicate that the PVC is configured but not available for use for example before your switch provider actually acti
21. information Enter the number of consecutive status exchanges you want the router to monitor 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 13 A 6 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Multicast Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables support for frame relay multicast service Set to Enable if your frame relay subscription service provides multicast service and if this frame relay interface should receive multicast messages 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 16 Congestion Control Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables congestion control on this interface Set to Enable to activate congestion control This value tells the router to drop all outbound traffic destined for a PVC where congestion is occurring until the congestion clears The value of this parameter affects all PVCs that you do not individually configure 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 22 117376 A Rev A A 7 Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Congestion Timer Configuration
22. on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on the PVCs button The FR PVC List for Service window opens 5 Click on the Add button The Frame Relay PVC Add window opens A 12 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters DLCI Number Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt Add None The frame relay switch provider assigns DLCI numbers These assigned numbers are valid options Valid DLCI numbers vary based on the frame relay address length The DLCI numbers that the switch provider assigns are generally in the following ranges 2 byte 16 to 1007 3 byte 1024 to 6451 4 byte 131072 to 8257535 Specifies the PVC identification number that the frame relay network uses to direct data If you are running IP over frame relay the router uses this number as the MAC address for an adjacent host See Configuring IP Services for more information about adjacent hosts Enter the decimal number that the frame relay provider assigns 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 4 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Default Parameters for Each PVC The FR PVC List
23. principle guide your decisions about how to use traffic shaping on your network CIR Configuration Guidelines In general the value you assign to the B should equal 1 4 of the CIR to avoid excessive queuing and dropped packets If however you are sending frames that exceed the size of the B data travels very slowly because the router must use multiple time periods to accommodate the packet size and avoid exceeding the CIR If setting the B to 1 4 of the CIR yields a value lower than packet size set the B to 1 3 or even 1 2 of the CIR 117376 A Rev A 2 19 Configuring Frame Relay Services For example a typical TFTP frame is 548 bytes If the CIR is 16 000 bits the B configured according to the 1 4 guideline would be 4 000 bits or 500 bytes which is not big enough to accommodate a TFTP frame If you set the B to 16 000 2 or 1 2 CIR the result is 8 000 bits or a packet size of 1 000 bytes which works but may result in excessive queuing because the T is 1 2 second If you set the B to 16 000 3 or 1 3 of CIR the result is a B of 5 333 bits or 666 bytes much closer to the 548 TFTP frame size If you cannot predict the typical frame size monitor frame relay shaping statistics for numbers of large frames and dropped frames If either of these numbers is increasing constantly or dramatically adjust the B to a higher value in small increments WCP and CIR Enforcement Data compression maximizes throughput and increa
24. relay connection Enable you to gather multiple PVCs for each network protocol into a separate group or service record thereby reducing the number of buffers needed per circuit during broadcasts Lower customer costs by creating multiple broadcast domains 117376 A Rev A 2 7 Configuring Frame Relay Services Direct Access Mode Direct mode describes a service record with one PVC In direct access mode upper layer protocols treat the frame relay network as a series of point to point connections The upper layer protocols view each PVC as an individual network interface Service records in direct access mode e Limit broadcasts to one PVC e Enable multiple layer 3 networks per interface Hybrid Access Mode Hybrid access mode as its name implies combines characteristics of group and direct access modes Frame relay hybrid mode enables you to use the same PVCs for both routing and bridging It works only for non fully meshed network configurations that use e Both bridging and routing over a single frame relay interface e Spanning tree bridging In a fully meshed network PVCs exist between each pair of nodes in the network In a non fully meshed network PVCs exist only between nodes that need to communicate Figure 2 5 shows a non fully meshed network that uses hybrid mode 2 8 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview Bridge protocol sees two interfaces Frame relay Direction of data to the network EN net
25. service record use the default service record 2 6 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview Multiple Service Records Interfaces can have multiple service records and each service record can contain multiple PVCs Adding and Moving PVCs You can add PVCs to a service record either individually or in a range You can also move PVCs on the same interface from one service record to another individually or as a group See Chapter 3 for instructions Frame Relay Access Modes Bay Networks describes frame relay in terms of three access modes group direct and hybrid The following sections define each of these modes within the context of service records Group Access Mode Group mode describes a service record with multiple PVCs It represents a true point to multipoint circuit In group access mode upper layer protocols treat each frame relay network interface as a single access point to the switched network The upper layer protocols use a single network address to send all traffic destined for the switched network to the frame relay network interface When you configure each router you assign only one network address for example an IP or IPX address to the frame relay interface not to each PVC The Data Link Control Management Interface DLCMI dynamically configures PVCs on the default service record you do not need to explicitly configure them Service records in group mode e Allow multiple groups of PVCs per frame
26. the Congestion Method parameter see Appendix A for the parameter description 117376 A Rev A 2 15 Configuring Frame Relay Services Traffic Shaping Traffic shaping relieves bottlenecks in topologies with high speed connections to the central site and low speed connections at remote sites as in Figure 2 7 on page 2 13 Committed information rate CIR enforcement and quality of service QoS are the major components of Bay Networks traffic shaping Committed Information Rate The CIR is the rate at which the network supports data transfer under normal operations Its name is descriptive you have a contract with your carrier who has committed to providing a given throughput here called the committed information rate The CIR is measured in bits per second You configure this value that the carrier provides per virtual circuit VC CIR of 0 You can contract with a carrier for a CIR of 0 which yields best effort service at low cost The carrier transmits data but does not commit to providing a specified throughput To configure a CIR of 0 set both the Throughput parameter which is the CIR and the Committed Burst B parameter to 0 and set the Excess Burst B parameter to a value greater than 0 Maximum CIR The maximum CIR should not be greater than the speed of the access line on the slower end of a VC In a big pipe little pipe topology refer to Figure 2 7 likely CIRs at the remote sites would be 32 Kb s 56 Kb
27. the remote site routers that receive a lot of traffic may be getting large numbers of FECNs while the central site router is getting relatively few data packets and therefore few BECNs and is unaware than congestion is occurring You may need to fine tune the Congestion Counter and Congestion Timer parameters see Appendix A from the default values of 20 FECN or BECN counts per one second to for example 10 counts per 5 seconds to account for the differences in traffic volume from and to the central site Flow of most traffic Remote site B roo We BECNs few N e gor Remote site C aem FECNs M uU DEN many Central site A 7 i Soy Remote site D lg FROOISA Figure 2 10 FECNs and BECNs in Big Pipe Little Pipe Topology 2 22 117376 A Rev A Multiline Frame Relay Overview Frame relay provides a link redundancy feature called multiline Multiline is a Bay Networks proprietary implementation that lets you group two or more physical lines that back each other up in case of a failure This ensures that information arrives at its destination on the network In addition if both lines are up the router uses both lines simultaneously Two or more physical lines must be available for a multiline configuration Figure 2 11 illustrates a multiline configuration DLCI100 Line A DLCI 200
28. which it is currently configured complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Delete Frame Relay A confirmation window prompts Do you REALLY want to delete Frame Relay 4 Click on OK The confirmation window closes revealing the Configuration Manager window 117376 A Rev A 3 19 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters Interface Parameters The Frame Relay Interface List window Figure A 1 contains the parameters for the Frame Relay interfaces ETT FR Slot 4 COM2 Done FR Slot 4 COM3 Apply FR Slot 3 T1 1 Values Help LH 9 Enable ENABLE Memnt Type ANSI T1 617D Address ADDR 0922 Address Length TWO BYTE Polling Interval 19 Full Enquiry Interval 6 Figure A 1 Frame Relay Interface List Window 117376 A Rev A A 1 Configuring Frame Relay Services To access the window complete the tasks in the following table Path to Frame Relay Interface List Window You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interface List window opens Paramete
29. 2 7 Figure 2 8 Figure 2 9 Figure 2 10 Figure 2 11 Figure A 1 Figure A 2 Figure A 3 Figure A 4 Figure A 5 Figure A 6 117376 A Rev A Figures Primes RELY NOWO anal 2 2 Frame Relay Header 2 Byte Format rnnnnnnrrnannnvnnenrrnnnnnvnnnnrrnnnnnvnnnnnnen 2 3 Frame Relay Header 3 and 4 Byte Formats srnnnnrrnannnvnnnnvrnnnnnvnnnrnnen 2 4 Conceptual Drawing of the DLCMI mrsnenenrrnnnnnvnnnnnrennnnrnnnnnnennnnrnnennnnenen 2 5 Hybrid Mode Configuration Non Fully Meshed Network 2 9 Example of a Bridged Neiwark ana ee deret aibne 2 10 Big Pipes Little Pipe Topology un a 2 13 Detecting and Controlling Network Congestion re 2 15 Tame Shaping RE rc 2 18 FECNs and BECNs in Big Pipe Little Pipe Topology 2 22 Pn Nektar m 2 23 Frame Relay Interface List Window arnrnnnnrrnnnnnvnnnnnrrnannvnnnenrennnnvnnnennne A 1 Frame Relay Service List Window scccoscicessssscescticnsscdereaneanssereresnaesesanersas _A 10 Frame Relay PYO Add WINGO ae ea anaiai A 12 FR PVC List for Service FINDEN ea A 14 Services Multi line with Window Cee ecd RER A 20 Add Multiline Services Window uannrnnnnnrnnannvnnnnnvennnnrnnnnnnvnnrnrrnnennnnennnn A 22 Tables Table 2 1 How Protocols Handle Address Resolution rrnrrrrrrrrnnvvrrrrrnnnvrrrrrrnnnnn 2 12 Table 2 2 Synchronous Line Parameters for Frame Relay
30. 20 1 through 500 notifications Sets the maximum number of congestion notifications that the router can receive during the Congestion Timer period before it stops transmitting Specify the congestion count The smaller the number the more quickly the router detects congestion and stops transmitting Note however that if you set the Congestion Control parameter to Inherit the PVC uses DLCMI for congestion control not the value of this parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 28 Congestion Method Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs Inherit Shutdown Throttle Throttle Then Shutdown Inherit Specifies the method of congestion control Inherit specifies that this VC will use the value of the Interface Congestion Method parameter Shutdown terminates the VC when congestion occurs Throttle queues traffic when congestion occurs traffic resumes when the congestion alleviates Throttle Then Shutdown first queues traffic when congestion occurs and then terminates the VC if throttling does not alleviate the congestion Throttle and Throttle Then Shutdown are valid options only when traffic shaping is enabled Choose a setting appropriate to your network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 33 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Instructions Default Compression Control Configuration
31. 3 5 9 9 2 1 25 Congestion Timer Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs 1 0 5 to 5 seconds in 0 5 second intervals Specifies the length of time in seconds during which the router counts congestion notifications If the router receives the number of congestion notifications set by the Congestion Counter parameter the router stops transmitting data The router resumes transmission once it stops receiving congestion notifications Set the length of time the router should count congestion notifications from the network If you set this parameter for a long time period the router may be less likely to stop transmission for an intermittent congestion condition However the router may be slow to detect congestion resulting in long transmission delays once the congestion has cleared If you set the Congestion Control parameter to Inherit the PVC uses DLCMI for congestion control not the value of this parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 27 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Congestion Counter Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs
32. 88 422 9773 Phone International 510 490 4752 e FAX U S Canada and International 510 498 2609 The Bay Networks Press catalog is available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library GenMisc Bay Networks publications are available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com Library tpubs Bay Networks Customer Service You can purchase a support contract from your Bay Networks distributor or authorized reseller or directly from Bay Networks Services For information about or to purchase a Bay Networks service contract either call your local Bay Networks field sales office or one of the following numbers Region Telephone number Fax number United States and 800 2LANWAN then enter Express 978 916 3514 Canada Routing Code ERC 290 when prompted to purchase or renew a service contract 978 916 8880 direct Europe 33 4 92 96 69 66 33 4 92 96 69 96 Asia Pacific 61 2 9927 8888 61 2 9927 8899 Latin America 561 988 7661 561 988 7550 xvi 117376 A Rev A Information about customer service 18 also available on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance About This Guide If you purchased a Bay Networks service program call one of the following Bay Networks
33. A Rev A xiii Configuring Frame Relay Services Conventions bold text brackets italic text quotation marks screen text separator gt vertical line Indicates text that you need to enter command names and buttons in menu paths Example Enter wfsm amp Example Use the dinfo command Example ATM DXI gt Interfaces gt PVCs identifies the PVCs button in the window that appears when you select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu Indicate optional elements You can choose none one or all of the options Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and book titles Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Indicates data that appears on the screen Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters Separates menu and option names in instructions and internal pin to pin wire connections Example Protocols gt AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu Example Pin 7 gt 19 gt 20 Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the command The vertical line separates choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show at routes nets you enter either show at routes or show at nets but not both Xiv 117376 A Rev A Acronyms ANSI ARP ATM C e BECN BofL CCITT C R CIR CRC DCE DE DLCI DLCMI DTE EA
34. BECNs which means that it does not provide congestion control Selecting Address Length Your options for the DLCI address length are 2 3 or 4 bytes See the illustrations of frame relay headers in Figure 2 2 and Figure 2 3 to understand the distinctions among these types To specify address length complete the tasks in the following table 3 8 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interfaces window opens 4 Set the following parameters using Help or the parameter descriptions on page A 4 Address Type Address Length 5 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 6 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window Monitoring the Connection You can monitor the status of your frame relay network connection by setting e Time intervals for the router to send messages that verify the integrity of the link e The number and frequency of error messages that can occur before the connection terminates 117376 A Rev A 3 9 Configuring Frame Relay Services Polling Interval The polling interval specifies the interval between status inquiry messages that the route
35. Click on a circuit entry and click on Select When you do this the circuit entry moves from the Add Multiline Services window to the Services Multiline With window The Add Multiline Services window closes Specify how a multiline circuit distributes traffic by setting the Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line parameter 117376 A Rev A A 21 Configuring Frame Relay Services Multi line with 204102 0 7 FR Slot 4 COM3 Cct 8 Default FR Slot 3 T1 1 Cct 9 Default Select Cancel Figure A 6 Add Multiline Services Window Parameter Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line Path Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt Multiline Default None Options Random Address Based Function Specifies how the multiline circuit distributes traffic over its data paths Instructions Select Random to send data alternately over the two paths This method ensures even distribution among the lines but the packets arrive out of sequence Select Address Based if the traffic between the same source and destination address pair is always going over the same data path This method ensures the data arrives in sequence MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 1 4 1 1 23 A 22 117376 A Rev A Appendix B Frame Relay Default Settings This appendix lists the default parameter settings for frame relay services Use the Configuration Manager to ed
36. Modes 2 7 Source Routing 2 11 REC 1490 2 11 Address Resolution ati Traffic Control 2 12 Data Compression 2 13 Protocol Prioritization 2 14 Congestion Control 2 14 Traffic Shaping 2 16 Traffic Shaping Considerations 219 Multiline 2 23 Configuring Synchronous Lines for Frame Relay 2 25 For More Information About Frame Relay 2 26 117376 A Rev A 2 1 Configuring Frame Relay Services Introduction Frame relay is a high speed packet switching WAN protocol that connects geographically dispersed LANs Frame relay is usually offered by a public network provider however private organizations can acquire and manage their own frame relay networks as well Frame relay is a connection oriented protocol which means that it relies on existing end to end paths between devices connected across the network It implements these connections using permanent virtual circuits PVCs A PVC is a logical path the network provides to connect two devices This path between the source and destination point is a dedicated connection so the PVC is always available to the connected devices Since many PVCs can coexist devices can share the bandwidth of the transmission line Figure 2 1 illustrates a frame relay network
37. al data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Bay Networks Inc 4401 Great America Parkway P O Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS
38. anagement services for the DCE side of the connection as specified by Revision 1 of the Local Management Interface standard Annex D Switch provides limited management services for the DCE side of the connection as specified in Annex D to ANSI standard T1 617 1991 Annex A Switch provides limited management services for the DCE side of the connection as specified by the ITU T Instructions Select the management protocol for the frame relay network The LMI Switch Annex D Switch and Annex A Switch options are primarily for troubleshooting MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 6 117376 A Rev A A 3 Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces ADDR Q922 ADDR Q922 ADDR Q922 November 90 ADDR Q922 MARCH 90 ADDR Q921 Specifies the DLCI addressing type ADDR Q922 selects addressing as specified in the final version of the Q 922 standard Q 922 provides for FECN BECN DE and EA bits While most Q 922 addresses are included within a 2 octet field the standard allows for 3 and 4 octet address fields The November draft of ADDR Q922 differs from ADDR Q922 in dropping the D C bit from the extended 3 and 4 byte forms The March draft of ADDR Q922 differs from ADDR Q922 in defi
39. at router A participating in a Telnet session with router B requires a more immediate response than does a user at router A performing a file transfer with router B When you select frame relay on a circuit the router enables protocol prioritization automatically It does so because the DLCMI packets must have a higher priority than any other packets you are sending across the network For more information about protocol prioritization see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization Congestion Control Network congestion can degrade network performance Congestion occurs when a node receives more frames than it can process or sends more frames than the transmission line can handle The frame relay network informs the nodes of congestion so that they can reduce the amount of traffic across the network In the frame relay packet header there are two bits that the network sets to alert nodes of network congestion These bits as defined by the frame relay specification are the FECN forward explicit congestion notation bit and the BECN backward explicit congestion notation bit If the network detects congestion it alerts the router in the same direction as the received frame by changing the frame s FECN bit from 0 to 1 For nodes in the opposite direction of the received frame it changes the frame s BECN bit from 0 to 1 Figure 2 8 2 14 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview Congestion direction F
40. cessors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Bay Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Bay Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Bay Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Bay Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export directly or indirectly the Software or related technic
41. cription on page A 15 12 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 13 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window 3 12 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Configuring Hybrid Mode Hybrid mode allows you to use the same PVCs for both routing and bridging You configure hybrid mode by setting the Hybrid Mode parameter to ON See Chapter 2 for an explanation of hybrid mode To configure hybrid mode complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on PVCs The FR PVC List for Service window opens 5 Set the Hybrid Mode parameter to ON See Help or the parameter description on page A 16 6 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window Controlling Congestion Congestion occurs when a node receives more frames than it can process or sends more frames than the transmission line can transport You can enable congestion control on your network When you enable congestion control the router receives congestion notification messages from the PVC expe
42. default value 10 seconds If the default value does not match what the network requests enter a value that is appropriate for your network in the range of 5 to 30 seconds Polling Interval does not function if you set Mgmnt Type to DLCMI None 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 10 Full Enquiry Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 6 1 to 255 polling intervals Specifies the interval between full status inquiry messages that the router transmits Full status inquiry messages cause the network to send a full status report message which lists all PVCs the PVC status active or inactive and new or previously established This parameter works with the Polling Interval parameter The default value 6 tells the router to send a full status inquiry every 6 polling intervals For example with a polling interval of 10 and a full enquiry interval of 6 the router transmits a full status inquiry every 60 seconds with a polling interval of 20 and a full enquiry interval of 30 the router transmits a full status inquiry every 10 minutes 600 seconds Enter a value from 1 to 255 according to what the network dictates Full Enquiry Interval does not function if you set Mgmnt Type to DLCMI None 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 11 117376 A Rev A A 5 Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Opt
43. e solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Bay Networks Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Bay Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Bay Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Bay Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Lice
44. eter and enter the DLCI number or if you want to add more than one PVC enter a range of numbers in the format lowest DLC number gt lt highest DLCI number gt 7 Click on OK The Frame Relay PVC List window reopens Note that it now lists the PVCs you have just created 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Deleting PVCs You can delete PVCs from already existing service records After you delete a PVC it may reappear on the list of active PVCs if the switch provider does not delete it As soon as the switch provider removes the PVC frame relay dynamically deletes the PVC from the list If the switch provider deletes a PVC that you manually configured the circuit state is set to Invalid and the PVC remains unused until you delete it from the interface by completing the steps in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on PVCs The Frame Relay PVC List window opens 5 Click on the PVC entry 6 Click on Delete The confirmation window closes Site Manager removes the PVC entry from the Frame Relay PVC List window 117376 A Rev A 3 5 Configuring Frame Relay Services
45. eting Serving FEE een 3 3 RUN PR erreichen 3 4 Kl pee quer C 3 5 Moving PVCs from One Service Record to Another murnvrnnnnnvnnnnnrrnannvnnnnnvnnnnnrnnnnnneneenr 3 6 Selecting a Management Type PT dene ct 3 6 vi 117376 A Rev A Selecting Address Type and Lena na 3 8 Selecting DECI Address pen 3 8 Selecing Address Leigh ana u 3 8 Monicrng GE een 3 9 Polino Moral Me TT eisai piraten 3 10 PD PV ME VA ae 3 10 Error Threshold and Monitored Events mmmrrnnnnnvenenvrvnnnnrnnannvenennrnnannnvnnnnrnnannnnenennn 3 10 Enabling Multicast T PENE EE ae ee re 3 11 ESKE Hybrid Mode nn 3 13 Fs eg Eg ae ade 3 13 Using Tanic SAD Aerei M 3 15 Sr GA OO ESSIN een 3 16 Grouping Service Records for Multiline EE EE Erbe Ups FE EE 3 17 Removing eeu ee 3 18 BEIEUNG Fane Rey una a a 3 19 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters MESSE Pieter een A 1 Service Record DLCI and PVC Parameters ie T stn eien A 10 Required Service Name Parameter anne spas tran enans A 10 Required BL T Parameter l r Each PVO snan ann A 12 Default Parameters for Each PVC TE Tort A 14 Optional Algorithm Parameter for Each Multiline Configuration A 20 Appendix B Frame Relay Default Settings Index 117376 A Rev A vii Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 2 5 Figure 2 6 Figure
46. fic shaping parameters e When you configure traffic shaping take into account the compression ratio you want to achieve 2 20 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview e Ifyou set the B equal to the B the router doubles the amount of traffic it attempts to send and when you enable compression compresses that amount of traffic because WCP compresses data at the rate it receives it e If you also set the Congestion Method to throttle the router will queue traffic if congestion occurs and thus prevent exceeding the CIR e Congestion may occur if compression histories are not in sync and WCP has to resend packets If WCP retransmits many packets it may exceed the CIR Oversubscribing the Interface The CIRs that you configure are based on an average peak rate for the VCs on the network If all VCs with traffic shaping try to send data simultaneously they may exceed the capacity of the interface If you oversubscribe the interface traffic shaping will still enforce the CIR but there may be additional latency for reserved flows VCs without traffic shaping will send data after traffic shaped VCs Queue Limits and Data Clipping Bay Networks routers maintain buffers for each traffic shaped VC Each buffer can hold one frame that the router cannot send because of congestion The router divides the number of buffers on the interface default number of buffers is 200 per interface by the number of traffic shaped VCs giving each
47. he Protocol window opens 2 Choose Frame Relay and Click on OK The Select Protocols window opens You have enabled frame relay You can now enable the protocols you want to run on this interface Protocol prioritization is enabled automatically when you select frame relay For detailed information on protocol prioritization see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization See the appropriate configuration guides for information on enabling the protocols you want to run on this interface For further information see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager Deleting Frame Relay from a Platform To delete frame relay from all circuits on which it is currently configured complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Choose Configuration Manager gt A window prompts Do you REALLY Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Delete Frame want to delete Frame Relay Relay 2 Click on OK The Configuration Manager window opens Frame relay is no longer operating on the platform 1 2 117376 A Rev A The following sections present an overview of frame relay Chapter 2 Frame Relay Overview Topic Page Introduction 2 2 Frame Relay Packets 2 3 Management Protocols 2 4 Frame Processing 2 6 Frame Relay Service Records 2 6 Frame Relay Access
48. he router s frame relay network connection The error threshold is the number of faulty status messages that must occur to terminate the connection Monitored events is the number of status message exchanges within which number those errors occur For example if you accept the default of 3 for the error threshold and the default of 4 for monitored events three status exchange errors in a sequence of four attempted exchanges brings the connection down If you set error threshold to 5 and monitored events to 10 five status exchange errors in a continuous sequence of ten attempted exchanges brings the connection down Note Error Threshold and Monitored Events do not function if you set Mgmnt Type to DLCMI None 3 10 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay To specify error threshold and monitored events values complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interfaces window opens 4 Set the following parameters using Help or the parameter descriptions that begin on page A 5 Polling Interval Full Enquiry Interval Error Threshold Monitored Events 5 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 6 Cl
49. hipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Bay Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible for the security of 117376 A Rev A iii its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstr
50. ice record is a data structure that allows flexible grouping and characterization of PVCs You can add and delete service records from your frame relay interfaces When you add a new service record it automatically creates one PVC to which you must assign a DLCI number To add a service record complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on Add The Frame Relay Service Add window opens 5 Click on the DLCI Number parameter and enter the DLCI number Note that the Service Name parameter is already filled in See pages A 13 and A 11 for descriptions of these parameters 6 Click on OK The Frame Relay Service List window reopens continued 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 7 Add more service records as your network The Frame Relay Circuit Definition requires by repeating Steps 4 through 6 window opens When you are finished click on Done 8 Click on Done again You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting Service Records You can delete service records from yo
51. ick on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window Enabling Multicast The multicast feature sets up a separate DLCI that replicates broadcast packets and forwards them to the appropriate destinations You can enable support for frame relay multicast service but only if your frame relay subscription service provides multicast service To enable multicast service complete the tasks in the following table 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interfaces window opens 4 Set the Multicast parameter to Enable See Help or the parameter description on page A 7 5 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 6 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window 7 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 8 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 9 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 10 Click on PVCs The FR PVC List for Service window opens 11 Set the Multicast parameter to Multicast See Help or the parameter des
52. ighlighted 7 Click on Select The Add Multiline Services window closes Site Manager moves the record of the frame relay interface from the Add Multiline Services window to the Services Multiline With window 8 Set the Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line parameter See the parameter description on page A 22 9 Click on Apply 10 Click on Done You return to the Frame Relay Service List window 117376 A Rev A 3 17 Configuring Frame Relay Services Removing Multiline Services You can select circuits on which to remove multiline services Complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on the Multiline button The Services Multiline With window opens 5 Choose the frame relay interface you want The frame relay interface becomes to remove in the Services Multiline With highlighted window 6 Click on the Remove button Site Manager removes the record of the frame relay interface from the Services Multi line with window See Chapter 2 for more information about multiline 3 18 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Deleting Frame Relay To delete frame relay from all circuits on
53. ions Function Instructions MIB Object ID Error Threshold Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 3 0 to 2 147 483 647 Together with the value of the Monitored Events parameter establishes a criterion to evaluate the quality of the router frame relay network connection If you accept the default values for both Error Threshold and Monitored Events three status exchange errors in a sequence of four attempted exchanges will bring the connection down With Error Threshold set to 5 and Monitored Events set to 10 five status exchange errors in a continuous sequence of ten attempted exchanges will bring the connection down After the network clears the connection status exchanges continue and the router monitors line integrity When the number of consecutive successful status exchanges is equal to the Error Threshold value the router restores the frame relay connection Error Threshold and Monitored Events are nonfunctional if you set Mgmnt Type to DLCMI None Enter the number of faulty status exchanges that will bring the connection down 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 1 Monitored Events Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 4 0 to 2 147 483 647 Together with the value of the Error Threshold parameter establishes a criterion to evaluate the quality of the router frame relay network connection See the description of the Error Threshold parameter for more
54. it any of the default settings listed here Table B 1 Frame Relay Interface Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable Mgmnt Type ANSI T1 617D Address Addr Q922 Address Length Two Byte Polling Interval 10 seconds Full Enquiry Interval 6 Error Threshold 3 Monitored Events 4 Multicast Disable Congestion Control Disable Congestion Timer 1 second Congestion Counter 20 notifications Congestion Method Shutdown 117376 A Rev A B 1 Configuring Frame Relay Services Table B 2 Frame Relay Service Record DLCI and PVC Parameters Parameter Default Service Name None DLCI Number None Circuit State Set Active Multicast Unicast Hybrid Mode OFF Committed Burst 0 Excess Burst 0 Throughput 0 Congestion Control Inherit Congestion Timer 1 second Congestion Counter 20 notifications Congestion Method Inherit Compression Control Enable Table B 3 Multiline Parameter Parameter Default Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line None 117376 A Rev A A access modes 2 7 adding PVCs 3 4 PVCs to a service record 2 7 service records 3 2 Address Length parameter A 4 Address parameter A 4 address resolution 2 11 address based distribution for multiline 2 24 Bay Networks Press xvi Bc configuring 2 20 description of 2 17 Be description of 2 17 BECN backward explicit congestion notification
55. mal Low Interrupt Transmit queue Attached media FR0014A Figure 2 9 Traffic Shaping Queues 2 18 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview All traffic that goes to a traffic shaped VC VC1 or VC2 is queued as high normal or low priority at the VC level and then it travels by priority order to a shaping queue within the driver Normal VC traffic is queued as high normal or low priority at the driver level At the driver level Interrupt priority traffic DLCMI LMI requests the LMI box in Figure 2 9 has the highest priority You cannot change that e Shaped priority traffic shaping box in Figure 2 9 has the second highest priority e Normal VC traffic not shaped has lower priority than shaped traffic You can still prioritize normal VC traffic as high normal or low Queuing and prioritization only matter when the traffic rate exceeds the VC line rate or the CIR If the total of all traffic is below the CIR the router just transmits it You cannot prioritize between VCs on which you have enabled traffic shaping The router schedules traffic among them in a round robin manner For information about configuring filters for protocol prioritization see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization Traffic Shaping Considerations Traffic shaping is best used at central offices to prevent the big pipe from sending too much data too quickly to remote sites with little pipes Let this
56. n Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED
57. n Timer Congestion Counter Congestion Method applies only when you enable traffic shaping 5 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 6 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window 7 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 8 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 9 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens continued 3 14 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 10 Click on PVCs The FR PVC List for Service window opens 11 Set the following parameters using Help or the parameter descriptions that begin on page A 18 Congestion Control Congestion Timer Congestion Counter Congestion Method applies only when you enable traffic shaping 12 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 13 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window Using Traffic Shaping To use traffic shaping you configure three PVC parameters Committed Burst Excess Burst and Throughput There is no Enable parameter as such You may also want to edit values for the PVC Congestion Control and Congestion Method parameters To enable traffic shaping complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager P
58. nager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Frame Relay Circuit Definition window gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs gt Frame Relay PVC List for Service window 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 The rate in bits per second at which data travels over this VC when no congestion is occurring To enable traffic shaping this parameter and the Committed Burst parameter must be set to values greater than zero Your carrier supplies the CIR or throughput value which you enter in this parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 18 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Congestion Control Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs Inherit Disable Enable Inherit Enables or disables congestion control on this interface Set to Enable to activate congestion control This value tells the router to drop all traffic destined for a congested PVC until the congestion clears Select Disable to deactivate congestion control Accept the default Inherit if you want the Congestion Control setting for this PVC to match the setting you specify for the frame relay Interface Congestion Control parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18
59. nd forth to each network node to gather address information This process increases broadcast traffic across the network To reduce broadcast traffic for all protocols you can configure static routes and adjacent hosts at the protocol level This eliminates the need for the router to perform address resolution To reduce traffic associated specifically with VINES address resolution you can configure Inverse ARP Inverse ARP is the default for IP over frame relay Refer to the appropriate protocol manual for more information about static routes adjacent hosts and Inverse ARP Table 2 1 lists how the router handles address resolution for each protocol and whether or not you can reduce broadcast traffic by modifying the address resolution configuration 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Table 2 1 How Protocols Handle Address Resolution How Router Performs Protocol Address Resolution Configuration Requirements Bridge including source route Automatic None IP ARP Configure ARP or Inverse ARP Configure Inverse ARP DECnet IV Automatic None VINES ARP None for ARP or Inverse ARP Inverse ARP is the default for frame relay Internet Packet Automatic None Exchange IPX Xerox Networking Automatic None System XNS AppleTalk AppleTalk ARP None Traffic Control Frame relay is unreliable It does not include error recovery mechanisms relying instead on the upper layer protocols to
60. ning an 11 bit DLCI and dropping the DE bit from the second octet of the address field ADDR Q921 differs from ADDR Q922 MARCH 90 in that it does not use FECNs or BECNs Select the addressing type for the frame relay interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 8 Address Length Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Two Byte Two Byte Three Byte Four Byte Specifies the length of the frame relay address field The length of this field determines the range of valid numbers for the DLCI number set in the Frame Relay PVC List window See the DLCI Number parameter description for more details Select the address length for the address field This must match what the network specifies 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 9 A 4 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Polling Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces 10 5 to 30 seconds Specifies the interval between status inquiry messages that the router transmits Status inquiry messages cause a network response in the form of a link integrity verification message or full status message Successful completion of the request response handshake verifies the status of the router frame relay network link We recommend that you accept the
61. ns describe how to customize frame relay for your network They do not however correspond exactly with the order in which parameters appear in Site Manager Appendix A does list parameters in the order in which they appear in Site Manager and reproduces the pertinent Site Manager screens Topic Page Using the MIB Object ID 3 2 Adding Service Records 3 2 Deleting Service Records 3 3 Adding PVCs 3 4 Deleting PVCs 3 5 Moving PVCs from One Service Record to Another 3 6 Selecting a Management Type 3 6 Selecting Address Type and Length 3 8 Monitoring the Connection 3 9 Enabling Multicast 3 11 Configuring Hybrid Mode 3 13 Controlling Congestion 3 13 Using Traffic Shaping 3 15 Enabling Compression 3 16 Grouping Service Records for Multiline 3 17 Removing Multiline Services 3 18 Deleting Frame Relay 3 19 117376 A Rev A 3 1 Configuring Frame Relay Services Using the MIB Object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands with the MIB Object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software 3 Caution The Technician Interface does not verify parameter values you enter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Adding Service Records A serv
62. nsee shall not sublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Bay Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Bay Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Bay Networks and properly installed and operated on Bay Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Bay Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Bay Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Bay Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Bay Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of s
63. oftware uses these bits Discard eligibility DE The DE bit allows the router to mark specific frames as low priority discard eligible before transmitting them to the frame relay network Extended address bit EA The EA bit signals whether the next byte is part of the address This bit indicates the last byte of the DLCI Frame relay header Information data DLCI high order C R EA B DLCI low order E N FR0002A Figure 2 2 Frame Relay Header 2 Byte Format 117376 A Rev A 2 3 Configuring Frame Relay Services Figure 2 2 depicts the frame relay header as a 2 byte structure Frame relay can also format the header using 3 or 4 bytes as shown in Figure 2 3 Note however that you must configure the frame relay interface on the router to use the same header length as the switched network to which it is connected 3 byte format 8 7 6 5 4 DLCI high order DLCI low order or DL CORE control Figure 2 3 Management Protocols 4 byte format 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DLCI high order EA 2 1 dd Ag low order ZOMU DLCI EA DLCI low order or D C EA DL CORE control FR0003A Frame Relay Header 3 and 4 Byte Formats Frame relay is an access protocol that runs between a router or data terminal equipment DTE and a switch or data communications equipment DCE The router and the switch use the Data Link Control Management Interface DLCMI to exchange information about
64. on 1 of the Local Management Interface standard ANSI T1 617D provides user side management services as specified in Annex D to ANSI standard T1 617 1991 This is the default value 3 6 117376 A Rev A Customizing Frame Relay e CCITT Annex A provides user side management services as specified by the ITU T formerly CCITT e LMI Switch offers limited management services for the DCE side of the connection as specified by Revision 1 of the Local Management Interface standard e Annex D Switch provides limited management services for the DCE side of the connection as specified in Annex D to ANSI standard T1 617 1991 e Annex A Switch provides limited management services for the DCE side of the connection as specified by the ITU T If you are connecting two routers back to back use one of the DTE parameter options Rev 1 LMI ANSI T1 617D CCITT Annex A for the router acting as a DTE and one of the DCE options LMI Switch Annex D Switch Annex A Switch for the router acting as the DCE Although you can configure the router for the DCE side of a connection the router cannot act as a full switch and it will not perform complete bidirectional signaling The LMI Switch Annex D Switch and Annex A Switch options are primarily for troubleshooting Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame rela
65. ongestion Counter A 19 Congestion Method A 19 Congestion Timer A 18 Hybrid Mode A 16 A 17 Multicast A 15 Throughput A 17 service record Service Name A 11 Polling Interval parameter A 5 protocol prioritization and multiline 2 25 definition of 2 14 with traffic shaping 2 17 publications ordering xvi PVCs adding 3 4 definition of 2 2 deleting 3 5 moving 3 6 117376 A Rev A Q QoS Quality of Service 2 17 R random traffic distribution for multiline 2 24 RFC 1490 2 11 S Service List window A 10 Service Name parameter A 11 service record parameter A 10 service records adding 3 2 default service record 2 6 deleting 3 3 multiple on an interface 2 7 Services Multiline With window A 20 source routing using RFC 1490 2 11 starting frame relay 1 1 synchronous line configuration 2 25 1 Technical Solutions Centers xvii Technician Interface configuring buffers for traffic shaping 2 21 Throughput parameter A 17 traffic distribution for multiline 2 24 traffic shaping buffers 2 21 configuring committed burst 2 20 definition of 2 16 guidelines 2 19 monitoring statistics 2 20 oversubscribing the interface 2 21 with data compression 2 20 Index 3 V virtual circuits for connections 2 2 W wfFrCircuitShapedQueueLimit attribute 2 21 wfFrDlemiShapingQueueLimit attribute 2 21 windows FR PVC List for Service A 14 Frame Relay Interface List A 1 Service List A 10
66. ow opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on PVCs The FR PVC List for Service window opens 5 Setthe Compression Control parameter to Enable See Help or the parameter description on page A 20 6 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window 3 16 117376 A Rev A Grouping Customizing Frame Relay Service Records for Multiline You can configure two or more service records to run in multiline mode Service records that you group for multiline must e Reside on two separate physical ports e Have the same DLCI numbers e Not use hybrid mode Configure multiline mode by completing the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on the Multiline button The Services Multiline With window opens 5 Click on the Add button The Add Multiline Services window opens 6 Choose the frame relay interface you want The frame relay interface entry becomes to configure for multiline h
67. r Enable Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Enables or disables frame relay service on this port Instructions Set to Disable if you want to disable frame relay service on this interface without deleting it Set to Enable to reenable frame relay service if you previously disabled it MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 2 A 2 117376 A Rev A Site Manager Parameters Parameter Mgmnt Type Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Default ANSI T1 617D Options DLCMI None Rev 1 LMI ANSI T1 617D CCITT Annex A LMI Switch Annex D Switch Annex A Switch Function Specifies the management protocol that the router and the frame relay network use to communicate status information Routers connected back to back also use a management protocol to exchange status information DLCMI None provides no management interface between the router and the frame relay network In the absence of management support you must configure all PVCs manually Rev 1 LMI provides user side management services as specified by Revision 1 of the Local Management Interface standard ANSI T1 617D provides user side management services as specified in Annex D to ANSI standard T1 617 1991 CCITT Annex A provides user side management services as specified by the ITU T formerly CCITT LMI Switch offers limited m
68. r can send to the amount of the CIR set the B to 0 If you enable congestion control and set the congestion method to throttle the VC sends only B bits of data over the time interval T when congestion occurs even if you have configured the B to a value greater than 0 It queues the excess data until congestion abates If you set the congestion method to throttle then shutdown the VC first queues traffic when congestion occurs and then terminates the VC if throttling does not alleviate congestion Quality of Service QOS is the second major component of traffic shaping It uses protocol prioritization with traffic shaping You configure a prioritization filter on the default service record for the entire frame relay interface and CIR enforcement per VC QoS operates over Synchronous HSSI T1 E1 and ISDN lines for backup demand and for leased lines Although the HSSI driver does not support protocol prioritization VCs on a HSSI interface do Using protocol prioritization with traffic shaping creates two levels of queues For traffic shaping the queues are high normal low at the VC level For protocol prioritization they are interrupt shaping high normal low at the driver level Figure 2 9 illustrates this concept 117376 A Rev A 2 17 Configuring Frame Relay Services Shaped VC1 Shaped VC2 Normal VCs SNA Telnet IPX SNA IPX FTP High Normal Low High Normal Low WG SNA IP IPX LMI Shaping High Nor
69. r transmits Status inquiry messages cause a network response in the form of a link integrity verification message or full status message Successful completion of the request response handshake verifies the status of the router frame relay network link We recommend that you accept the default value 10 seconds If the default value does not match what the network requests enter a value that is appropriate for your network in the range of 5 to 30 seconds The polling interval does not function if you set the Mgmnt Type parameter to DLCMI None Full Enquiry Interval The full enquiry interval specifies the interval between full status inquiry messages that the router transmits Full status inquiry messages cause the network to send a full status report message which lists all PVCs PVC status active or inactive and new or previously established The default value 6 tells the router to send a full status inquiry every 6 polling intervals For example with a polling interval of 10 and a full enquiry interval of 6 the router transmits a full status inquiry every 60 seconds with a polling interval of 20 and a full enquiry interval of 30 the router transmits a full status inquiry every 10 minutes 600 seconds The full enquiry interval does not function if you set the Mgmnt Type parameter to DLCMI None Error Threshold and Monitored Events Error threshold and monitored events together establish a criterion to evaluate the quality of t
70. rame relay network node Frame relay Frame relay network network FECN node node FR0010A Figure 2 8 Detecting and Controlling Network Congestion If you enable the congestion control feature you can specify the number of FECN BECN bits the router receives in a given time period before it stops transmitting frames While frames are going across the network the frame relay interface checks received packets for FECN and BECN bits set to 1 If the interface receives the specified number of bits during the designated time period frame relay drops all traffic destined for the PVC where there is congestion When the interface no longer receives these congestion notifications the router resumes transmission For example suppose you set the congestion timer to 0 5 seconds and the congestion count to 3 In this case if an interface receives 3 FECNs or BECNs within 0 5 seconds the node stops sending frames although it continues to receive frames for this PVC If the interface receives no FECNs or BECNs during the next 0 5 seconds the router resumes transmission See Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay for instructions on configuring the congestion parameters If you enable congestion control and also enable traffic shaping you can queue or throttle congested traffic rather than drop it by choosing that value in
71. rent Bridging eese 2 9 Source Round ces PE EE TE EE eee 2 11 117376 A Rev A V uim Eo M 2 11 PTE FEN nee din d 2 11 Ten LEN area 2 12 HEST Gea 2 13 Protocol P omzafan 5er pekere EE eee E 2 14 EG EE EEE EEE 2 14 KE se NT arena 2 16 Committed Information Rate PE EE FE ee asia 2 16 TR m an a a T 2 16 edu EEE ERE NESE EN 2 16 HE es EE ee EE 2 16 CIR and Committed Burst Rate and Excess Burst Rate sssssss 2 17 Quality of Service ann rei T d der nede tue 2 17 Tamie Shaping Coren Me ineca ra eE R AD 2 19 CIR Configuration Budelines u a 2 19 WCP and CIR Enforcement TEE ee 2 20 Ovasreubsenpng the IMENS nackten een 2 21 Queue Limits and Bata GIpping u a eek 2 21 FECMN and BEUN MONICRUDE BITS isch rales e eet Pott bn cete idus 2 22 IIS DIL Meer TT 2 23 Traffic Distribution Between Data Paths EE donetur EE 2 24 als dB i OR 2 24 POSES BASSO DENON sense 2 24 Protocol Prioritization and Multiline PE io etd TP Gis TE 2 25 Configuring Synchronous Lines for Frame Relay uurrseersennennnnsnnensnnenanennonnnnnnnenn nn 2 25 For More Information About Frame Relay rrrrrrnnnnnvnnrnvrennnnvnnnerrnnnnnrnnnenvenernrrnnsnnenennr 2 26 Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay Long me DIESE EEE ID nennen 3 2 Adding Service Records ee TE TEE BE REINE re east 3 2 Del
72. riencing congestion and drops all outbound traffic destined for that PVC until it no longer receives congestion notifications 117376 A Rev A 3 13 Configuring Frame Relay Services When you enable congestion control you can set the length of time during which the router counts congestion notifications You can also set the maximum number of congestion notifications that the router can receive during this time period If the router receives this number of congestion notifications within the time period you specify it stops transmitting data The router resumes transmission when it stops receiving congestion notifications If you enable congestion control all PVCs on the interface use congestion control and the values you specify for the congestion timer and congestion counter unless you configure PVCs individually and either disable this feature or select other values for the congestion control parameters To enable congestion control complete the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interfaces window opens 4 Setthe following parameters using Help or the parameter descriptions that begin on page A 7 Congestion Control Congestio
73. riving out of sequence and as a result you may experience poor performance or failures See Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay for instructions about grouping service records for multiline Traffic Distribution Between Data Paths To distribute traffic between multiline data paths you can use one of two methods e Random distribution e Address based distribution Random Distribution Random distribution means that as the router sends out each packet it alternates between the lines This option determines which line the packet uses based on a randomly assigned number For each outbound packet the router generates a random number and this number designates the line to use Random balancing evenly distributes traffic and lets the router use the two lines efficiently Because packets travel on different paths they arrive at the destination out of sequence and the upper layer protocols for example IP and Open Systems Interconnection OSD have to resequence the information Some protocols cannot tolerate packets arriving out of sequence so be sure this option is appropriate for your application Address Based Distribution Address based distribution as the name implies determines the data path for outbound traffic from the source and destination address in each packet Any given address pair always uses the same path 2 24 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview The router determines whether to route or bridge
74. rocedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Select the appropriate service record and The Frame Relay PVC List window click on PVCs opens 5 Click on a PVC that you want to configure for traffic shaping continued 117376 A Rev A 3 15 Configuring Frame Relay Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Configure the following traffic shaping The parameters are now set to the values parameters using Help or the parameter you chose descriptions that begin on page A 16 Committed Burst Excess Burst Throughput 7 Click on Done You return to the Frame Relay Service List window 8 Click on Done You return to the Frame Relay Circuit Definition window 9 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window Enabling Compression To use data compression with frame relay first select WCP from the Protocols menu and make sure the Compression Control parameter is set to Enable by completing the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector wind
75. s or 64 Kb s If you configure CIRs for these VCs at the central site you can use CIR enforcement to prevent the big pipe from sending traffic that exceeds the PVC CIRs CIR Enforcement CIR enforcement means restricting the speed of outbound traffic to a rate no faster than the CIR It is the major component of traffic shaping You can configure CIR enforcement to operate over Synchronous High Speed Serial Interface HSSI T1 El and Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN lines for frame relay backup demand bandwidth on demand and leased lines at the VC level CIR enforcement operates on whole frames only It controls congestion either by bringing down the VC or by queuing the traffic which is also called throttling 2 16 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview CIR and Committed Burst Rate and Excess Burst Rate The committed burst rate B defines the number of bits that the router can transmit over a specified time interval T when congestion is occurring The excess burst B defines the number of extra bits that the router attempts to send over the T when there is no congestion Both the B and the B are values that you configure The sum of the B and the B is the maximum amount of traffic that can travel across the network per T when there is no congestion If you set the B to a value greater than zero the router can send traffic exceeding the CIR To enforce the CIR that is to limit traffic that the route
76. ses reliability Traffic shaping increases reliability controls congestion and prioritizes traffic Compression and traffic shaping together maximize reliability but at the expense of throughput Traffic shaping occurs at the VC level compression at the driver level Shaping therefore occurs before compression which compromises effective compression because only the precompressed traffic is shaped the compressed traffic is not shaped WCP compresses data at the rate it receives it which with traffic shaping is the CIR It is therefore unrealistic to expect a high compression throughput for data that originates from a site that also uses traffic shaping You can use traffic shaping at one or both ends of a link but you must use compression at both ends of a link It makes sense to use traffic shaping at a central site where you have a T1 line that sends data to remote sites with 64 KB line rates and the goal is to control the flow of traffic and avoid flooding the remote sites But if the CIR is equal to the line rate which could well be the case at the remote site with 64 KB line rates there is no need to use traffic shaping You can use compression effectively in the case of the 64 KB site which does not use traffic shaping You can also compensate for the throughput cost associated with using compression and traffic shaping at the central site by taking into account characteristics of compression and traffic shaping and fine tuning traf
77. sources 2 26 starting 1 1 Frame Relay Interface List window A 1 Full Enquiry Interval parameter A 5 G group mode 2 7 grouping service records for multiline 3 17 H header format 2 byte 2 4 3 or 4 byte 2 4 hybrid mode 2 8 3 13 Hybrid Mode parameter A 16 A 17 Index 2 interface parameters A 1 interface oversubscribing with traffic shaping 2 21 L LMI Local Management Interface 2 5 3 6 A 3 management protocols See DLCMI management type selecting 3 6 Mgmnt Type parameter A 3 Monitored Events parameter A 6 moving PVCs 2 7 3 6 Multicast parameter A 7 A 15 multiline configuring 3 17 description of 2 23 traffic distribution over lines 2 24 Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line parameter A 20 A 22 N network congestion 2 14 O oversubscribing the interface with traffic shaping 2 21 overview of frame relay 2 2 P packet structure of frame relay packet 2 3 parameters default values B 1 DLCI 117376 A Rev A DLCI Number A 13 interface Address A 4 Address Length A 4 Congestion Control A 7 Congestion Counter A 8 A 9 Congestion Method A 9 Congestion Timer A 8 Enable A 2 Error Threshold A 6 Full Enquiry Interval A 5 Mgmnt Type A 3 Monitored Events A 6 Multicast A 7 Polling Interval A 5 multiline Multiline Algorithm to Choose Line A 22 PVC Circuit State Set A 15 Committed Burst A 16 A 17 Compression Control A 20 Congestion Control A 18 C
78. t 9 Default PVCs Multi line Apply Values Help Ei ai p Service Name 204102 0 7 Ie Figure A 2 Frame Relay Service List Window A 10 117376 A Rev A Site Manager Parameters To access the window complete the tasks in the following table Path to Frame Relay Service List Window You do this System responds 1 Click on the Protocols menu in the The Protocols menu opens Configuration Manager menu bar 2 Click on Frame Relay The Frame Relay menu opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens Parameter Service Name Path Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window Default None Options line number gt 0 lt circuit number Function Identifies the service record Instructions Site Manager assigns a unique name in the format given to each service record There is no need to change this value MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 5 1 7 117376 A Rev A A 11 Configuring Frame Relay Services Required DLCI Parameter for Each PVC The Frame Relay PVC Add window Figure A 3 contains the DLCI Number parameter EEE Cancel OK Help Figure A 3 Frame Relay PVC Add Window To access the window complete the tasks in the following table Path to Frame Relay PVC Add Window You do this System responds 1 Click
79. t you do not individually configure 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 1 1 24 117376 A Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Congestion Method Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt Frame Relay gt Interfaces Shutdown Shutdown I Throttle Throttle Then Shutdown Specifies the method of congestion control Shutdown terminates the VC when congestion occurs Throttle queues traffic when congestion occurs traffic resumes when congestion alleviates Throttle Then Shutdown first queues traffic when congestion occurs and then terminates the VC if throttling does not alleviate congestion Throttle and Throttle Then Shutdown are valid options only when traffic shaping is enabled Select a setting appropriate to your network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 18 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Service Record DLCI and PVC Parameters The following sections describe the service record DLCI and PVC parameters and associated Site Manager screens e Required Service Name Parameter Required DLCI Parameter for Each PVC e Default Parameters for Each PVC e Optional Algorithm Parameter for Each Multiline Configuration Required Service Name Parameter The Frame Relay Service List window Figure A 2 contains the Service Name parameter FR Slot 4 COM2 Cct 7 Default FR Slot 4 COM3 Cct 8 Default Delete FR Slot 3 T1 1 Cc
80. the interface and the status of each PVC Figure 2 4 117376 A Rev A Network Frame Relay Overview Router Figure 2 4 node DECMI switch DLOMI lt lt P Frame Network eas Flame relay node node relay switch switch Conceptual Drawing of the DLCMI Router FR0004A DLCMI supports three standard data link management specifications LMI ANSI T1 617 Annex D and CCITT now ITU T Q 933 Annex A e The networking industry first developed the Local Management Interface LMD specification The LMI approach is asymmetric the router sends a status inquiry message to the network signaling that the router s connection to the network is functioning The network replies with a status response e ANSI modified the LMI specification and incorporated it as Annex D to ANSI standard T1 617 The ANSI method is generally similar to the LMI approach e The CCITT now ITU T modified the ANSI standard and adopted it as Annex A to Q 933 The CCITT Annex A specification is similar to Annex D but it uses an international numbering scheme Be sure to configure the frame relay interface on the router to use the same management protocol as the switched network to which it is connected See Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay for information about configuring frame relay
81. the packet and then uses the corresponding level of address It uses routing level addresses for routing traffic and the MAC level addresses for bridging traffic Address based distribution ensures that all outbound traffic travels on the same path and that packets arrive in sequence For protocols that cannot receive packets out of sequence use this method Note however that this option does not always distribute traffic evenly across each line Protocol Prioritization and Multiline You cannot use protocol prioritization with multiline Protocol prioritization may change the order of frames arriving over a multiline interface and frame relay multiline does not have the ability to correct the sequence Configuring Synchronous Lines for Frame Relay If you enable frame relay on a circuit Site Manager automatically sets the following synchronous line parameters Table 2 2 Table 2 2 Synchronous Line Parameters for Frame Relay Parameter Value BofL Disable Promiscuous Enable Service Transparent WAN Protocol Frame Relay For more information on these parameters refer to Configuring WAN Line Services 117376 A Rev A 2 25 Configuring Frame Relay Services For More Information About Frame Relay For more information about frame relay consult the following documents American National Standards Institute T1 617 1991 Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN Digital Subscriber Signalling
82. u define the PVCs in hybrid mode see Figure 2 5 each PVC acts as a separate bridge port This enables the bridge running on the frame relay interface to view the traffic from site A as arriving on a different port than that of site B When the bridge sends out data it sends it out from all ports including the port that has access to site B Therefore data from site A can reach site B You configure hybrid mode by enabling the hybrid mode PVC parameter See Chapter 3 Customizing Frame Relay for instructions 2 10 117376 A Rev A Frame Relay Overview Source Routing RFC 1490 Source routing is the method by which a bridge sends data across two networks The router supports source routing over frame relay networks using RFC 1490 standard frame relay data encapsulation To configure source routing see Configuring Bridging Services RFC 1490 defines the encapsulation method for sending data across a frame relay network Bay Networks routers implement RFC 1490 for all protocols that we support over frame relay networks Address Resolution Address resolution maps a remote network address such as an IP address to a local DLCI number For most protocols that you configure for a frame relay interface the router performs address resolution automatically However IP AppleTalk and VINES use the Address Resolution Protocol ARP ARP dynamically generates an ARP table of addresses and DLCI numbers by sending messages back a
83. uct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability IN NO EVENT WILL BAY NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF BAY NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF BAY NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO BAY NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their suc
84. ur frame relay interfaces by completing the tasks in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on the service record entry 5 Click on Delete Site Manager removes the service record entry from the Frame Relay Service List window 117376 A Rev A 3 3 Configuring Frame Relay Services Adding PVCs You can add PVCs to already existing service records You can add PVCs either individually or in a range If you want to add one PVC enter one DLCI number If you want to add several PVCs enter the appropriate range of DLCI numbers in the format lt lowest DLCI number gt lt highest DLCI number gt as shown in the following table Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on a port configured for frame relay 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Services The Frame Relay Service List window opens 4 Click on PVCs The Frame Relay PVC List window opens 5 Click on Add The Frame Relay PVC Add window opens 6 Click on the DLCI Number param
85. vates the PVC Choose Invalid if the PVC is configured but the switch is unaware of it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 7 Multicast Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs Unicast Unicast Multicast Indicates whether this PVC is multicast or unicast Set to unicast or multicast according to PVC type as the frame relay switch provider instructs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 9 2 1 19 117376 A Rev A Configuring Frame Relay Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Hybrid Mode Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Frame Relay Circuit Definition window gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs gt Frame Relay PVC List for Service window OFF ON OFF Allows you to use the same PVC for both routing and bridging Set to ON if you want to enable both routing and bridging services If not accept the default 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 1 2 1 24 Committed Burst Configuration Manager select a connector gt Edit Connector window gt Edit Circuit gt Frame Relay Circuit Definition window gt Services gt Frame Relay Service List window gt PVCs gt Frame Relay PVC List for Service window 0 0 to 2 147 483 647
86. work interface Frame relay network Bridge protocol Routing protocol Routing protocol sees I Interface to network one interface to the network FR0007A Figure 2 5 Hybrid Mode Configuration Non Fully Meshed Network Using Hybrid Mode for Transparent Bridging Figure 2 6 shows bridged traffic between site and site B The bridge router 1 is running on the frame relay interface and its configuration does not use hybrid mode 117376 A Rev A 2 9 Configuring Frame Relay Services Site A Site B u Router 2 Bridge port sees one Fe path to sites A and B Router 1 Frame El relay network Router 3 eT E m m d zx e e e D gt Figure 2 6 Example of a Bridged Network In this example the bridge receives data from Site A If the bridge does not recognize the destination address it tries to direct traffic through another bridge port However without hybrid access mode configured the frame relay bridge port views the paths to Site A and Site B as the same path Because the bridge does not send out data on the same port from which it just received data the bridge does not direct the data to Site B In this case you should use hybrid access mode If yo
87. y 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Frame Relay Circuit Definition window opens 3 Click on Interfaces The Frame Relay Interfaces window opens 4 Setthe Management Type parameter See Help or the parameter description on page A 3 5 Edit other parameters if you want and click on Apply 6 Click on Done You return to the main Configuration Manager window 117376 A Rev A 3 7 Configuring Frame Relay Services Selecting Address Type and Length You can specify the DLCI address type and length that the router and the frame relay network use to direct packets to their destinations The address type for the router and for the switch must be the same Selecting a DLCI Address Type Your options for the DLCI address type follow e ADDR 0922 selects addressing as specified in the final version of the Q 922 standard Q 922 provides for FECN BECN DE and EA bits While most Q 922 addresses are included within a 2 octet field the standard allows for 3 and 4 octet address fields This is the default The November draft of ADDR 0922 differs from ADDR Q922 in dropping the D C bit from the extended 3 and 4 byte forms The D C bit DLCI or DL Core Control Indication is always 0 e The March draft of ADDR 0922 differs from ADDR Q922 in defining an 11 bit DLCI and dropping the DE bit from the second octet of the address field e ADDR 0921 differs from ADDR Q922 MARCH 90 in that it does not use FECNs or

Avaya Configuring Frame Relay Services User's Manual

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