For Dummies Photoshop CS5 All-in-One
Contents
1. Figure 1 4 Select an appropriate color from see Figure1 4 and then click OK the Color Libraries dialog box Book PANTONE solid coated 3 Caneel Picker o a t s5 E 3 b 44 j Type a calor name to 1 Select it in the color list UL 10 s yde1g Buiddaig 662 Creating Spot Color Separations 6 In the New Spot Channel dialog box select a Solidity value between 0 percent and 100 percent A value of 100 percent represents an ink that s completely opaque such as a metallic ink which completely covers the inks beneath it A value of 0 percent represents a transparent ink such as a clear varnish But the solidity value affects only the screen view and com posite prints it doesn t affect the separations ih CHANNELS Lees gt Red 3 gt Green 34 Ss Blue 5 i Pantone 7417C 6 O It can help you see where a clear varnish will print Click OK to close the dialog box Your spot channel appears in the Channels panel and is filled in the image as well I created a spot channel for my crest graphic and for the type Pantone 7417C as shown in Figure 1 5 In the printing process spot colors are overprinted on top of the four color image as shown in Figure 1 6 That means that the spot color is applied at the end of the printing process and is printed over the other inks This can sometimes cause lighter spot colors to darken somewhat If you need your spot2. accordingly Leave this option dese lected for laser separa tions When the service bureau or offset printer prints the separations to film or plates it may select this option Interpolation Anti aliases low resolution images by resampling Available only for PostScript Level 2 or laser printers Leave it deselected Include Vector Data See the Saving and Printing Vector Data in a Raster File section in this chapter Creating Spot Color Separations Photoshop allows you to add separate channels for spot colors see Book VI Chapter 1 for more on channels which can then be color separated Spot or custom colors are premixed inks manufactured by various ink companies the most popular in the U S being Pantone A spot color is often used for a logo type or small illustration Spot colors are also used when you need to Leave this option selected if you have type or vector paths NING s Creating Spot Color Separations 661 apply metallic inks or varnishes to your print job Spot colors can be used rather than or in addition to the four process CMYK colors If you re delving into the world of spot colors I highly recommend that you choose your color from a printed Pantone swatch book available from www pantone com Because your screen is an RGB device and you re set ting up your file for a CMYK output device the colors you see onscreen don t match the colors that are ultimately on pa
3. color graphic to knock out the underlying image create it in an illustration or page layout program A knockout is a hole left in the four color image which is filled with the spot ink The spot ink doesn t print over the other inks Save the image in the native Photoshop Photoshop PDF or Figure 1 5 The Channels panel displays the spot channel FPEQO3SC JPG i 16 7 Layer 1 Pantone 7417C 8 Corbis Digital Stock Figure 1 6 Spot colors are often used for color critical logos that print on top of your image Photoshop DCS 2 0 Desktop Color Separations format TIFFs also support spot channels but your page layout program may not recognize them Creating Spot Color Separations 663 If the image is being separated directly out of Photoshop leave it as a PSD or PDF file If you want to import it into a different program such as InDesign or QuarkXPress you must save it as a DCS file If your image is a duotone tritone or quadtone image you also have to go through a few more hoops You must first convert it to multichannel mode by choos ing ImageMode In the DCS 2 0 Format dialog box make sure that the Include Halftone Screen and Include Transfer options aren t selected Import the image into your destination application and set your screen angles Editing a spot channel After you create a spot channel you can edit it Select the channel in the Channels panel and use a painting or editing tool t
4. in one folder all the fonts in another and so on Communicate any trapping needs to your service bureau or offset printer Trapping is also known as spreading and choking where you create slight overlaps where your colors meet to avoid registration problems on the printing press For color separations indicate whether you created the trapping yourself or if you want the service bureau offset printer to do it JUL 10 soiydeiy Buiddaig If you save your file as an EPS or DCS and re open the file in Photoshop Photoshop raster izes the vector data to pixels Save the original in the native PSD format 65 4 Choosing Color Management Print Options Some file format warnings sometimes difficult to print You can either flatten your file or deselect the Include Vector Data op tion in the Save as EPS Options dialog box Either choice rasterizes the type into pixels at the reso lution of your image You may want to consider eliminating the type in your image file and apply ing it either in a drawing or page layout program that can retain vector type If you save your layered file as an EPS Photo shop converts your vector type to clipping paths Extensive and small type creates complex clip ping paths which can be time consuming and Saving and Printing Vector Data in a Raster File Photoshop allows you to create vector shapes and vector type with the Pen tools shape tools and type tools I explain how in Book II
5. Chapter 1 Prepping Graphics for Print In This Chapter Picking the right resolution mode and format Prepress and working with a service bureau Printing vector images 1 Managing color when printing Creating color separations Pro images for the screen is a snap compared to what you have to go through to get images ripe for the printing process If all you ever want to do is print your images to a desktop laser or inkjet printer the task is a little easier but you still must consider some guidelines And prepping your images for offset printing Well throw in an additional set of guide lines It s not rocket science mind you If you stick to the basic rules and more importantly spend some time developing a good working relationship with your service bureau and offset printer you re good to go Getting the Right Resolution Mode and Format If you re not familiar with the concept of resolution A I suggest taking a look at Book II Chapter 1 Thats where I cover all the basics on resolution pixel dimension resampling and other related topics For full descriptions on color modes and file for mats see Book II Chapter 2 That said the following sections give you the lowdown on the proper settings for an image that will ultimately go to print Resolution and modes Table 1 1 provides some guidelines about what resolution settings to use for the most common types of output Remember these are just guidelin
6. I Technically the vector shapes are clipping paths applied to a bitmap or raster layer But the clipping path is still a vector path thereby retaining vector qualities This vector data is resolution independent which means that it prints at the reso lution of the PostScript output device Photoshop sends the printer separate images for each type and shape layer which are printed on top of the raster image and clipped by using their vector paths The edges of the vector path print at the full resolution of the PostScript printer but the contents such as the colored pixels or the image pixels within the vector path print at the resolution of the Photoshop file All portions of the type are resolution independent Therefore type and shapes always have crisp hard edges with curves appearing smooth and never jagged Remember that the only file formats that allow you to retain vector data are PSD PDF DCS and EPS When saving to DCS or EPS be sure to select the Include Vector Data option in their respective Options dialog boxes All other file formats rasterize the vector data MBER KV amp Choosing Color Management Print Options I highly recommend checking out the color management section in Book II Chapter 3 In that chapter I go into great detail about the concept of color spaces ICC profiles and so on In this section I cover the color management options you can find in the Print dialog box Different output dev
7. ces Downloading takes time Limiting the number of typefaces also makes your document look more sophisticated and polished 1 Make sure that all scanning is at the appropriate dpi For more on reso lution see Book II Chapter 1 If your image is to bleed extend to the edge of the printed page take that into account when creating your image Note that you need to allow for to of an inch on any side that will bleed to allow for slip pages when the paper is cut Always specify colors from a Pantone color swatch chart and then select the color whether process or spot in Photoshop Never trust the way colors look onscreen because of calibration deficiencies and differ ences between RGB and CMYK color models 1 Make spot color names consistent Make sure that the Photoshop spot color names exactly match those of any programs to which you are importing your image such as an illustration or page layout program Otherwise you may get an additional color separation Print and provide laser or inkjet prints of your file both separations if warranted and a composite print Print all prints with printer marks crop marks registration marks labels and so on Provide all fonts used in your file Provide both screen and PostScript printer fonts if applicable Choose File Save As for your final save to squeeze down to the small est file size Organize your files into folders For example put the image files together
8. es They aren t chiseled in stone to withstand the sands of time or anything lofty like that You need to communicate with your service bureau offset printer or client and get specifications and or recommendations See the section Working with a Service Bureau later in this chapter 650 Getting the Right Resolution Mode and Format Device Notes Recommended Mode Resolution Fuji Frontier Wallets to 10 x 15 300 dpi RGB photo printer inches Great for print ing digital photos Online photo Check recommended 1024 x 768 for 4 x 6 RGB printers such size and resolution set print minimum of 1600 as Shutterfly tings on the vendor s x 1200 for 8 x 10 print Web site Digital Brands include Xeikon 255 to 300 dpi CMYK presses Xerox IBM Indigo Scitex Heidelberg and so on Epson color Resolutions depend on 720 dpi x 4 240 dpi RGB inkjets the print setting Epson 1440 dpi x 480 dpi recommends of the 2880 dpi x 4 960 dpi horizontal resolution but do test prints set tings may be higher than you need Color Film separations or 2 x lines per inch Ipi CMYK separations direct to plate for offset 2 x 133 Ipi 266 dpi and spot printing 2 x 150 Ipi 300 dpi colors 2 x 175 Ipi 350 dpi Laser printers Color or B amp W printouts 2x lpi 170 dpi Grayscale or RGB Indigo presses can handle a fifth spot color if necessary See the section Screen frequencies in this chapter Screen
9. experts and know their equipment and processes And believe me they re only too willing to help The fewer problems they have with your files the better they like it You can do some things to keep the relationship on solid footing Get a dialogue going about the specs If your file is going directly to a newspaper magazine or other publication talk with the art director graphics production coordinator or other knowledgeable person about the graphic specifications required Build a lasting relationship Consistency is also key When you find a good bureau or offset printer stick with it for all your jobs Jumping from one company to another because a quote came in a little cheaper doesn t always pay off in the long run If you re a faithful customer often your service bureau or offset printer will match that lower quote if it can 1 Get on the Web Many service bureaus have Web sites where you can find a listing of services they offer price lists file specs and even down loadable order forms Larger offset printers also have general informa tion online requests for quote applications and more Larger offset printers may provide services such as scanning and film separation out put so be sure to check the Web site for details Using a prepress checklist To prepare your file for print use the following list to ensure your file is ready and rarin for problem free output Note that this list isn t all inclusive whe
10. frequencies For the recommended resolution for color separations in Table 1 1 I list 2 multiplied by the number of lines per inch The lines per inch or lpi per tains to the screen frequency of the output device Screen frequencies are measured in lines per inch in a halftone screen You may also hear the terms screen ruling or line screen When images are printed they re converted into a series of dots called halftones When you print your halftone you print it by using a halftone screen of a certain value The average screen frequency for printing four color images is 133 to 175 lpi Therefore when you multiply that number by 2 you need to create your images by using a resolution set ting of 266 to 350 dots per inch dpi MBER RS amp File formats Working with a Service Bureau 651 As far as file formats go what you choose depends on a couple issues 1 What you intend to do with the image print it to a laser printer order prints from an online photo printer 1 What does your service bureau offset printer client director or another interested party prefer Most publications newspaper magazines will accept PDFs only because of their capability to embed fonts and links within the document thereby elimi nating a lot of headaches For more on PDFs see Book II Chapter 2 Table 1 2 lists some of the more popular recommended formats for specific jobs but again communicate with the parties involved
11. hange the Rendering Intent setting I rec ommend leaving this at the default setting of Relative Colorimetric espe cially when printing photos or multicolored artwork If by chance your image has a lot of areas of solid saturated color you can try Saturation Also leave the Black Point Compensation check box at the default set ting of selected or deselected depending on your Color Handling choice unless of course you re a color guru and have a better rea son not to Setting this option enables your printer to more accurately print the blacks in your image ar Getting Four Color Separations 65 7 When you select Photoshop Manages Color you have three additional options located directly below the image preview These options are strictly preview options and affect only how you see your image on the computer screen The Match Print Colors option displays a soft proof of your print based on the profiles color management options and printer you select See Book II Chapter 3 for more on soft proofs The Gamut Warning option displays colors that will be out of gamut or out the range of printable colors These colors appear as gray pixels by default And finally the Show Paper White option simulates the white point of the paper you select in the Printer Profile submenu My paper of choice is Premium Matte as shown in Figure 1 1 6 Mac users click the Print Settings button to choose paper size qual ity media settings and o
12. ices operate in different color spaces Monitors desktop printers large format printers film recorders offset printers and so on all have their own unique color space The color management options enable you to 655 Choosing Color Management Print Options convert the color space of your image while printing So for example if the ICC color profile of your image is sRGB you can choose to have your image s color space converted to the color space of your Epson printer when you print Unfortunately I can t tell you what specific settings to choose This choice is a widely debated topic and different printers have their strengths short comings and quirks My advice is to take an hour and a pack of paper run test prints to see which settings give you the most accurate result and stick with those You may even get different results from different types of paper When you have some free time follow these steps to experiment with the Color Management settings and discover what print settings work best 1 Choose File Print to open the Print dialog box shown in Figure 1 1 2 Select Color Management from the pop up menu in the top right por tion of the Print dialog box 3 Select either Document or Proof Remember you re experimenting So select one and then try the other e Document Uses the color profile of your image e Proof By default Proof uses the color profile of your Working CMYK color space which you defi
13. n it comes to prepress I include tips that pertain to Photoshop only Always transform your images in their native application Size crop rotate shear and reflect art in Photoshop Transforming images in an illustration or page layout program is complex and time consuming 1 Ensure that images can first print from Photoshop Do this before importing the images into an illustration or page layout program 17 If you re placing Photoshop EPS images into a page layout or illustra tion program set the halftone screen frequency in the destination pro gram instead of embedding it in each image in Photoshop Or better yet don t set any halftone screen frequencies in your images and let your ser vice bureau or offset printer handle setting them in the other program Working with a Service Bureau 653 1 When saving Photoshop images for print purposes stick to TIFF EPS native PSD or PDF file formats If you re unsure of the proper format to use for a specific job ask your offset printer or service bureau 1 Make sure that you use the proper color mode For example use CMYK for color separations and RGB for slide output Create vector shapes and paths efficiently Use the fewest number of anchor points possible to create the path and delete any unnecessary or stray points Leave your flatness setting blank Photoshop uses the default setting for the output device which is usually a safe bet Limit the number of typefa
14. ned in your Color Settings dialog box You can change this profile however by choosing View Proof Setup Current Custom Setup For details on proofs see Book II Chapter 3 Print C Match Print Colors C Camut Warning C Show Paper Wnne Sealed Print Size A scale to Fit Media Seaia Height wiath Print Resolution 329 PPI F sounding tox Cancel S Rendering Intent melanve Cosorimeene 4 tack Point Compensation Proof Setup Co G Primer Canon preg000 3 documem Profile sRGB 1EOS1966 2 2 11 ing x 8 5 ins A Copies pil O Froot Print Settings A g Color Handling Photozhap Manages Colors Posibor Si v Remember ta disable the printer s color management in the print settings dialog box sh Premer Profile Left gt canon Pro9000 Fine Art Premium sarte 1 Figure 1 1 Specify the settings in the Color Management portion of the Print dialog box UL 10 soiydeig Buiddaig 656 Choosing Color Management Print Options ar 4 Select a method from the Color Handling pop up menu The options differ depending on whether you chose Document or Proof in Step 3 If you chose Document in the Print area here are your options e Printer Manages Colors Sends the document unchanged to the printer tagged with its color profile The printer driver then picks an appropriate color profile and converts your document s colors to the final printout Jus
15. o paint with black white or any shade of gray just as you would with an alpha channel To change any of the options of the spot channel double click the spot channel thumb nail or select it and then select Channel Options from the panel pop up menu Select a different color or solidity Converting an alpha channel to a spot channel If you want to convert an alpha channel toa all areas containing nonwhite pixels unselect spot channel select the alpha channel inthe ed to partially selected areas to the spot color Channels panel and select Channel Options With the channel still selected in the Channels from the panel s pop up menu Rename the panel choose Image Adjustments Invert to channel and select Spot Color Click the color apply the spot color to the white pixels or se swatch and selecta color from the Color Librar lected areas of the alpha channel For details ies section of the Color Picker Click OK then on alpha channels see Book VI Chapters 1 click OK again Note that Photoshop converts and 3 JUL 10 soiydesg Buiddaig 664 Book IX Photoshop and Print
16. per at best they re a ballpark match For accuracy you must select the colors from the printed swatch book For more on working with color see Book II Chapter 3 Creating a spot channel Follow these steps to create a spot channel 1 On a separate layer create the graphic or type to which you want to apply the spot color 2 Ctrl click click on the Mac the thumbnail of the layer to select the graphic and then choose Edit Fill to fill it with any solid color at an opacity of 100 percent 3 With your selection active choose New Spot Channel Window Channels and then Name Pantone 7417C o _ select New Spot Channel from the Ink Characteristics Cancel Channels panel pop up menu Color E Solidity 10d You can apply a spot color only to an active selection It can t be applied to just a layer Figure 1 3 Adding an additional color separation in Photoshop requires creating a The New Spot Channel dialog box spot color channel first appears as shown in Figure 1 3 4 In the Name text box enter a name for your spot color In the Ink Characteristics area click the color swatch Color Libraries I recommend naming your spot color according to the spot color you want to use such as Pantone 7417C When you click the color swatch the Color Picker appears 5 Click the Color Libraries button in the Color Picker and select your Pantone color from the Color Libraries dialog box that appears
17. re separated into four process colors Option What t Does Recommendation Calibration Prints an 11 step grayscale bar out Select this option Bars side the image area to gauge how accurately the shades are being printed When you re printing sepa rations this option prints a gradient tint bar and color bar Registration Prints crosshair and target marks Select this option Marks outside the image area allowing you to line up the four plates or pages continued 660 Creating Spot Color Separations Option What It Does Recommendation Corner Crop Marks Adds crop marks at the corners of the image to indicate where to trim the image Select this option Center Crop Marks Adds crop marks at the center of each side of the image to indicate where to trim the image Select this option Description Prints the description as entered in the FileFile Info area Select if you have entered a description Labels Prints the filename and channel name on each plate or page Select this option Emulsion Down Emulsion is the side of the film that s light sensitive Allows the film to be printed with the emulsion side down Leave this option dese lected for laser separa tions When the service bureau or offset printer prints the separations to film or plates it may select this option Negative Prints black as white and white as black and every other color inverts
18. s digitally separated into the four color channels cyan magenta yellow and black and is output These colors are also known as process colors Sometimes the separation output is onto film and sometimes it s output directly to aluminum printing plates The plates are put on an offset press paper runs through each of the four inked rollers cyan first then magenta yellow and finally black and out comes your composite image JUL 10 soiydeig Buiddaig 65 8 Getting Four Color Separations MBER RNS amp lt MBER N Before you take your image to a service bureau or offset printer to get color separations it s wise to get what are called laser separations Basically you re color separating your image not to film or plates but to paper If your image doesn t separate to paper most likely it won t to film or plates either You can go back and correct the problem rather than pay upward of 80 to 150 an hour to have the service bureau or offset printer correct it for you Consider laser separations a cheap insurance policy Follow these steps to get laser separations from your desktop printer 1 Be sure your image mode is CMYK If it isn t choose Image Mode CMYK Color I m assuming your image is a four color image But it may also be a gray scale duotone tritone or quadtone image in which case no conversion to CMYK is necessary See Book II Chapter 2 for more on modes After the con
19. t make sure you enable color management in your printer dialog box Photoshop Manages Colors Tells Photoshop to handle the color con version using the settings you select from the Printer Profile and Rendering Intent pop up menus Photoshop also checks whether you selected the Black Point Compensation option with this setting If you did make sure you disable any color management in your printer dialog box e Separations Select this option if you want to print color separations See the following section Note that your image must be in CMYK mode If you chose Proof in the Print area you see the same options but a cou ple of them produce different results e Printer Manages Colors Works only with a PostScript PS level 2 or higher printer which manages the color conversion of the proof to the print based on your selection of Simulate Paper Color or Simulate Black Ink e Photoshop Manages Colors Tells Photoshop to handle the color con version of the proof to the print using the printer profile specified in the pop up menu and your choice of simulation Unless you have a lot of dark colors I recommend leaving it on Simulate Paper Color 5 If you chose Photoshop Manages Colors in Step 4 select your printer and paper type from the Printer Profile pop up menu Profiles associated with the current printer you select in the Printer sub menu are sorted and placed at the top of the profile list Although you may be able to c
20. ther options depending on your exact printer Click OK 7 When you finish making your selections click Print Windows users your final dialog box appears Depending on your printer options will vary In Windows 7 click the Preferences button and search for paper media and quality options Depending on whether your printer is an Epson Canon HP or other the names of these settings vary If you selected the Photoshop Manages Colors option you should turn off color management in your particular printer s dialog box That s all there is to it If you want more information on printing check out Book I Chapter 3 For more explanation on color management see Book II Chapter 3 If all you want to do is print color prints on your desktop printer I recom mend starting by selecting Document in the Print area and selecting Photoshop Manages Colors for Color Handling which gives you the most control over printing If you have a little time and paper to burn then print another copy by using the Printer Manages Colors option Do a side by side comparison to see which one looks superior You can also crack the seal on the documentation that came with your printer for any recommendations Getting Four Color Separations It s necessary to color separate your image whenever you plan to print your image to an offset press Your image must first be in CMYK color mode Choose Image Mode CMYK Color Then the composite color image get
21. to see what s ulti mately the best format to use Job Formats Color inkjet printouts EPS TIFF PDF PSD Color separations PSD PDF EPS TIFF DCS 2 0 Spot color separations PSD PDF DCS 2 0 if importing into another application Magazines brochures EPS TIFF PDF Newspapers TIFF PDF Importing to page layout programs TIFF EPS PSD PDF Importing to illustration programs EPS TIFF DCS PSD PDF Slides TIFF PowerPoint PICT PCX EPS some bureaus can t do EPS Photo prints JPEG TIFF Word documents TIFF EPS PNG E mailing for workflow review PDF Working with a Service Bureau Service bureaus handle photo processing and various photographic output options such as prints of varying sizes and slides Mounting and lamina tion services may also be provided Many service bureaus provide scanning UL 10 soiydeig Buiddaig 652 Working with a Service Bureau services including high end drum scanning A common service is taking scans or digital photos and burning them onto CDs or DVDs Many service bureaus provide output to color separations to film and RC paper Larger bureaus may even have a digital press to handle a short run 500 or less on demand printing need Getting the ball rolling Developing a good working relationship with your service bureau and or offset printer can save you a lot of time money and frustration These folks are the
22. version you have an image with four channels Cyan Magenta Yellow and Black like the one shown in Figure 1 2 Choose File Print and then select Color Management from the pop up menu in the top right portion of the Print dialog box that appears In the Print area select Document The setting should say U S Web Coated SWOP v2 Select Separations from the Color Handling pop up menu This option prints each channel from the image to a separate plate or in the case of laser separations paper Select Output from the pop up menu in the top right portion of the dia log box and then select additional options as you desire For general print options see Book I Chapter 3 For additional options see Table 1 3 Note that if you re printing to a non PostScript printer some of these options may not be available You see a preview of most of these options when you apply them to your file Click the Print button If all goes well four pieces of paper one for each of the four CMYK chan nels print If you re printing a grayscale duotone tritone or quadtone image you get one to four pieces of paper one for each color used If that doesn t happen something s amiss and it s time for troubleshoot ing Be sure to take these laser separations with you when you hand over your file to the service bureau or offset printer Getting Four Color Separations 65 9 Corbis Digital Stock Figure 1 2 Color images a
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