Moxa EDS-405A-EIP network switch
Contents
1. 4 memes meses sess sess 4 6 Configuring ST P RSTP z cass oett de dansante te aidant it aida tant ad Pedo 2d dad atate tuta a 4 6 Configuring MST P eiaha decid act sesete eSI MAL a FAR A MIN IN IAM DAMM DIM MAIL MALAM AAA id 4 8 Configuration Bimits ot STP RSTB3 s a utere A a etii ese ete etie tle tete es 4 11 1 Introduction to Communication Redundancy NOTE Setting up Communication Redundancy on your network helps protect critical links against failure protects against network loops and keeps network downtime at a minimum Communication Redundancy allows you to set up redundant loops in the network to provide a backup data transmission route in the event that a cable is inadvertently disconnected or damaged This is a particularly important feature for industrial applications since it could take several minutes to locate the disconnected or severed cable For example if the Moxa switch is used as a key communications component of a production line several minutes of downtime could cause a big loss in production and revenue The Moxa switch supports three different protocols to support this communication redundancy function Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 Turbo Chain Rapid Spanning Tree and Spanning Tree Protocols IEEE 802 1W 802 1D 2004 When configuring a redundant ring all switches on the same ring must be configured to use the same redundancy protocol You cannot mix the Turbo Ring Turbo Ring V2 and STP RST2. EDS 510A Series Port G2 Port G3 EDS 608 616 EDS 611 619 EDS 728 828 Series IKS 6726 Series The third port of the last module Port G2 Port 1 1 without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 1 The fourth port of the last module Port G3 Port 1 2 without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 2 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series The second from the last port The last port 3 4 Communication Redundancy Turbo Chain Member Role Default 1st Member Port Default 2nd Member Port EDS 400A Series The second from the last port The last port EDS 505A 508A Series EDS 518A Series Port G1 Port G2 EDS 510A Series Port G2 Port G3 EDS 608 616 The third port of the last module The fourth port of the last module EDS 611 619 Port G2 Port G3 EDS 728 828 Series Port 1 1 Port 1 2 IKS 6726 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module Port without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 1 2 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 1 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series The second from the last port The last port ICS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series Tail Role Default Tail Port Default Member Port EDS 400A Series The second from the last port The last port EDS 505A 508A 516A Series EDS 518A Series Port G1 Port G2 EDS 510A Series Port G2 Po
3. Member Role Select any port of the EDS to be the member port Setting Description Factory Default Turbo Ring Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page Turbo Ring V2 Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration page Turbo Chain Select this item to change to the Turbo Chain configuration page None RSTP Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page None Ring redundancy is not active Role Setting Description Factory Default Head Select this switch as Head Switch Member Select this switch as Member Switch Member Tail Select this switch as Tail Switch Head Role Setting Description Factory Default Head Port Select any port of the EDS to be the head port See the following table See the following table Setting Description Factory Default 1st Member port Select any port of the EDS to be the 1st member port See the following table 2nd Member port Select any port of the EDS to be the 2nd member port See the following table Tail Role Setting Description Factory Default Tail Port Select any port of the EDS to be the tail port See the following table Member Port Select any port of the EDS to be the member port See the following table Head Role Default Head Port Default Member Port EDS 400A Series EDS 505A 508A Series The second from the last port The last port EDS 518A Series Port G1 Port G2
4. user Spanning Tree topology by entering a lower number Port Cost Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is less suitable as a node for the Multiple Spanning Tree topology Use the default value 0 to use port speed in the auto port cost 0 Oper Cost Indicates the cost of the path to the other bridge from this transmitting bridge at the specified port Edge Setting Description Factory Default Enable Disable Select to enable the port as the edge port for the Multiple Spanning Tree topology Disabled State Indicates the current Multiple Spanning Tree status of this port The Blocking status indicates the transmission is blocked the Learning status indicates the MAC address of the device is being recorded in the MAC table and the Forwarding status indicates normal transmission 4 10 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP Port Role Indicates the current port role status Setting Port Role Status Factory Default Port Role Backup None Alternate port Root port Designated port Disable Configuration Limits of STP RSTP The Spanning Tree Algorithm places limits on three of the configuration items described previously Eq 1 1 sec Hello Time lt 10 sec x Eq 2 6sec x Max Age x 40 sec Eq 3 4sec x Forwarding Delay lt 30 sec These three varia
5. Member Switch Configuration Tail Switch Configuration 3 Turbo Chain Communication Redundancy Turbo Chain The Turbo Chain Concept Moxa s Turbo Chain is an advanced software technology that gives network administrators the flexibility of constructing any type of redundant network topology When using the chain concept you first connect the Ethernet switches in a chain and then simply link the two ends of the chain to an Ethernet network as illustrated in the following figure Turbo Chain can be used on industrial networks that have a complex topology If the industrial network uses a multi ring architecture Turbo Chain can be used to create flexible and scalable topologies with a fast media recovery time Setting Up Turbo Chain Head Port Tail Port Member Port Member Port Member Port Member Port Select the Head switch Tail switch and Member switches Configure one port as the Head port and one port as the Member port in the Head switch configure one port asthe Tail port and one port as the Member port in the Tail switch and configure two ports as Member ports in each of the Member switches 3 Connect the Head switch Tail switch and Member switches as shown in the above diagram The path connecting to the Head port is the main path and the path connecting to the Tail port is the backup path of the Turbo Chain Under normal conditions packets are transmitted through the Head Port to the LAN netwo
6. The fourth from the last port The third from the last port Configuring Turbo Ring V2 Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active Hone Ring 1 Ring 2 Status Status Master Slave Master Slave 1st Ring Port Status 1st Ring Port Status 2nd Ring Port Status 2nd Ring Port Status Coupling Mode Coupling Port status Primary Port Backup Port Settings Redundancy Protocol Turbo Ring V2 iv V Enable Ring 1 Enable Ring 2 Set as Master Set as Master Redundant Ports 1st Port 2 3 Redundant Ports 1st Port 2 2 2nd Port 2 4 x 2nd port 2 1 Enable Ring Coupling Coupling Mode Dual Homing Primary Port 1 1 Backup Port 1 2 Activate the status of both rings will appear under Current Status Explanation of Current Status Items Now Active It shows which communication protocol is in use Turbo Ring Turbo Ring V2 Turbo Chain RSTP or none Ring 1 2 Status When using the Dual Ring architecture users must configure settings for both Ring 1 and Ring 2 In this case It shows Healthy if the ring is operating normally and shows Break if the ring s backup link is active Ring 1 2 Master Slave It indicates whether or not this EDS is the Master of the Turbo Ring This field appears only when Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 modes are selected 2 8 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring NOTE The user does not need to set the master to
7. and connects directly to an extra network port on Switch C The Coupling Port Primary on Switch B monitors the status of the main path and connects directly to an extra network port on Switch D With ring coupling established Switch A can activate the backup path as soon as it detects a problem with the main path ATTENTI ON Ring Coupling only needs to be enabled on one of the switches serving as the Ring Coupler The Coupler must designate different ports as the two Turbo Ring ports and the coupling port Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring NOTE You do not need to use the same switch for both Ring Coupling and Ring Master Dual Ring Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 The dual ring option provides another ring coupling configuration in which two adjacent rings share one switch This type of configuration is ideal for applications that have inherent cabling difficulties Dual Ring for a Turbo Ring V2 Ring Master Dual Homing Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 The dual homing option uses a single Ethernet switch to connect two networks The primary path is the operating connection and the backup path is a back up connection that is activated in the event that the primary path connection fails Dual Homing for a Turbo Ring V2 Ring Master Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 Use the Communication Redundancy page to select Turb
8. ceased to funtion This will trigger the bridge to reconfigure the network to account for the change If you have configured an SNMP trap destination when the topology of your network changes the first bridge to detect the change will send out an SNMP trap Differences between STP RSTP and MSTP RSTP is similar to STP but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge to confirm that it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decides to enable a link to a neighboring bridge Adjacent bridges connected via point to point links will be able to enable a link without waiting to ensure that all other bridges in the network have had time to react to the change The main benefit of RSTP is that the configuration decision is made locally rather than network wide allowing RSTP to carry out automatic configuration and restore a link faster than STP STP and RSTP spanning tree protocols operate without regard to a network s VLAN configuration and maintain one common spanning tree throughout a bridged network Thus these protocols map one loop free logical topology on a given physical topology MSTP uses VLANs to create multiple spanning trees in a network which significantly improves network resource utilization while maintaining a loop free environment 4 4 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP STP Example The LAN shown in the following figure has three segments with adjacent segments connected using t
9. enable both Ring 1 and Ring 2 when using the Dual Ring architecture Set as Master Setting Enabled Disabled Redundant Ports Description Select this EDS as Master Do not select this EDS as Master Factory Default Not checked Setting Description Factory Default 1st Port Select any port of the EDS to be one of the redundant ports See the following table 2nd Port Select any port of the EDS to be one of the redundant ports See the following table 2 9 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring Default 1st Port Default 2nd Port EDS 400A Series EDS 505A 508A 516A Series The second from the last port The last port EDS 518A Series Port Gl Port G2 EDS 510A Series EDS 608 616 Port G2 The third port of the last module Port G3 The fourth port of the last module EDS 611 619 Port G2 Port G3 EDS 728 828 Series Port 1 1 Port 1 2 IKS 6726 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 1 without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 2 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series The second from the last port The last port SSS NOTE For EDS 600 Series switches there are certain restrictions on which ports can be used as ring ports You may use any two of the non Gigabit ports as the ring ports however the two ring ports
10. for a particular switch must be on the same module If you need to use Gigabit ports as ring ports you must use the second and third Gigabit ports G2 and G3 as the ring ports but do NOT use G1 Enable Ring Coupling Setting Description Factory Default Enable Select this EDS as Coupler Not checked Disable Do not select this EDS as Coupler Coupling Mode Setting Description Factory Default Dual Homing Select this item to change to the Dual Homing configuration See the following page table Ring Coupling Select this item to change to the Ring Coupling backup See the following backup configuration page table Ring Coupling Select this item to change to the Ring Coupling primary See the following primary configuration page table Default Dual Homing Primary Default Dual Homing Backup EDS 400A Series EDS 505A 508A 516A Series The fourth from the last port The third from the last port EDS 518A Series Port 15 Port 16 EDS 510A Series Port G1 Port G2 EDS 608 616 The first port of the first module The second port of the first module EDS 611 619 Port G1 The last port of the last module EDS 728 828 Series N A N A IKS 6726 Series IKS G6524 G6824 Series 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 5 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 3 The fourth from the last port w
11. to different switches 2 3 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring Ring Coupling for a Turbo Ring Ring Switch B Switch D Main Path Coupling Control Port Backup Path Coupling Port Switch A Coupler Switch C To configure the Ring Coupling function for a Turbo Ring ring select two switches e g Switch A and B in the above figure in the ring and another two switches in the adjacent ring e g Switch C and D Decide which two ports in each switch are appropriate to be used as coupling ports and then link them together Next assign one switch e g Switch A to be the coupler and connect the coupler s coupling control port with Switch B for this example The coupler switch i e Switch A will monitor switch B through the coupling control port to determine whether or not the coupling port s backup path should be recovered Ring Coupling for a Turbo Ring V2 Ring Switch B Switch D MI Coupling Port Primary Main Path Backup Path Switch A Switch C Note that the ring coupling settings for a Turbo Ring V2 ring are different from a Turbo Ring ring For Turbo Ring V2 Ring Coupling is enabled by configuring the Coupling Port Primary on Switch B and the Coupling Port Backup on Switch A only You do not need to set up a coupling control port so that a Turbo Ring V2 ring does not use a coupling control line The Coupling Port Backup on Switch A is used for the backup path
12. Communication Redundancy User s Manual First Edition March 2011 Www moxa com product MOXA 2011 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Communication Redundancy User s Manual The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement Copyright Notice O 2011 Moxa Inc All rights reserved Trademarks The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers Disclaimer Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Moxa Moxa provides this document as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to its particular purpose Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and or changes to this manual or to the products and or the programs described in this manual at any time Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable However Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication Technical Support Cont
13. Factory Default 20 Enable STP per Port Setting Enable Disable Description Select to enable the port as a node on the Spanning Tree topology Factory Default Disabled We suggest not enabling the Spanning Tree Protocol once the port is connected to a device PLC RTU etc as opposed to network equipment The reason is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation 4 7 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP Setting Description Factory Default Auto 1 If the port does not receive a BPDU within 3 seconds the port will be in the forwarding state 2 Once the port receives a BPDU it will start the RSTP negotiation process Auto Force Edge The port is fixed as an edge port and will always be in the forwarding state False The port is set as the normal RSTP port Port Priority Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value Increase this port s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree 128 selected by user topology by entering a lower number Port Cost Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is less suitable as a 200000 by user node for the Spanning Tree topology Port Status It indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port Forwarding for normal transmission or Blocking to block transmission Configuring MSTP The following figures indicate which Multiple Spanni
14. P protocols on the same ring The following table lists the key differences between the features of each protocol Use this information to evaluate the benefits of each and then determine which features are most suitable for your network Turbo Ring Turbo Ring V2 Turbo Chain STP RSTP Topology Ring Ring Chain Ring Mesh Ring Mesh Recovery Time 300 ms 20 ms 20 ms Up to 30 sec Up to 5 sec Most of Moxa s managed switches now support three proprietary Turbo Ring protocols 1 Turbo Ring refers to the original version of Moxa s proprietary redundant ring protocol which has a recovery time of under 300 ms 2 Turbo Ring V2 refers to the new generation Turbo Ring which has a recovery time of under 20 ms Turbo Chain is a new Moxa proprietary protocol with unlimited flexibility that allows you to construct any type of redundant network topology The recovery time is under 20 ms In this manual we use the terminology Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 to differentiate between rings configured for one or the other of these protocols Communication Redundancy Introduction to Communication Redundancy NOTE Gigabit Ethernet Redundant Ring Capability lt 50 ms Ethernet has become the default data communications medium for industrial automation applications In fact Ethernet is often used to integrate video voice and high rate industrial application data transfers into one network Moxa switches com
15. Setting Description Factory Default Turbo Ring Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page None RSTP IEEE 2 Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page None 802 1W 1D Bridge priority Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value selected by user Increase this device s bridge priority by selecting a lower number A device with a higher bridge priority has a greater chance of being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology 32768 Forwarding Delay sec Setting Numerical value input by user Hello time sec Description The amount of time this device waits before checking to see if it should change to a different state Factory Default 15 Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user Max Age sec Setting Numerical value input by user The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a hello message to other devices on the network to check if the topology is healthy The hello time is the amount of time the root waits between sending hello messages Description If this device is not the root and it has not received a hello message from the root in an amount of time equal to Max Age then this device will reconfigure itself as a root Once two or more devices on the network are recognized as a root the devices will renegotiate to set up a new Spanning Tree topology
16. The hello time is the amount of time the root waits between sending hello messages 2 Max Hops Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 6 40 The MSTP maximum hops value is the maximum number of hops in the region Configure the maximum number of hops a BPDU can be forwarded in the MSTP region 20 Max Age sec Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 6 40 If this device is not the root and it has not received a hello message from the root in an amount of time equal to Max Age then this device will reconfigure itself as a root Once two or more devices on the network are recognized as a root the devices will renegotiate to set up a new Spanning Tree topology 20 Revision Level Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 0 65535 The MSTP revision level is the revision number of the configuration All EDS switches in an MSTP region must be configured with the same revision level 0 Region Name Setting Description Factory Default Character string The region name helps define the logical boundary of the network All EDS switches in an MSTP region must be configured with the same name MSTP Config Confirm Setting Description Factory Default Enable Disable Clicking Activate button will only save th
17. Turbo Ring protocol to optimize communication redundancy and achieve a faster recovery time on the network The Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 protocols identify one switch as the master of the network and then automatically block packets from traveling through any of the network s redundant loops In the event that one branch of the ring gets disconnected from the rest of the network the protocol automatically readjusts the ring so that the part of the network that was disconnected can reestablish contact with the rest of the network Setting up Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 1 Select any two ports as redundant ports 2 Connect the redundant ports to form the Turbo Ring The user does not need to configure any of the switches as the master to use Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 If none of the switches in the ring is configured as the master then the protocol will automatically assign master status to one of the switches In fact the master is only used to identify which segment in the redundant ring acts as the backup path In the following subsections we explain how the redundant path is selected for rings configured for Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring Ring In this case the redundant segment i e the segment that will be blocked during normal operation is determined by the number of switches in the ring and where the ring master is located When the Number of Switches in the Turbo R
18. act Information Moxa Americas Toll free 1 888 669 2872 Tel 1 714 528 6777 Fax 1 714 528 6778 Moxa Europe Tel 49 89 3 70 03 99 0 Fax 49 89 3 70 03 99 99 www moxa com su ort Moxa China Shanghai office Toll free 800 820 5036 Tel 86 21 5258 9955 Fax 86 21 5258 5505 Moxa Asia Pacific Tel 886 2 8919 1230 Fax 886 2 8919 1231 Table of Contents 1 Introduction to Communication Redundancy snssssenessssenenesenenennennnsenennnsnnenensnenenseennnnnennse 1 1 Zs T rbo Rihg FRE DO D I CO LIDIL EL I LEE LE CL D D OL DE LED DEC CD LEO LED DE LD LEO LOS LOU LOIS 2 1 Th Turbo RINO CONCEDE si o AR p d ddp an na ER abd d RS des 2 2 Setting up Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 sssssssssssssssssssssese nee eese eem eme essen esses ese ese sss sanno 2 2 Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring Ring 2 2 Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 3 RING Coupling Configurations isesecetete sintesi n tee mes bees toes ve eor th aia th Pme tens thes aiim aina 2 3 Dual Ring Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 2 5 Dual Homing Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 sssssssssssss nmn 2 5 Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 eene hehe nehme messes ese ese esses SESE EES 2 6 Configuring Turbo RING cnet ee edet neler ed e n nn rea aa eR ka a celle e be Abe hn Ten P bn des p Ex FLEX V ER Te v jd id 2 6 Configuring T rbo Ririg M2 2 122
19. bles are further restricted by the following two inequalities Eq 4 2 x Hello Time 1 sec x Max Age x 2 x Forwarding Delay 1 sec Moxa EDS 600 s firmware will alert you immediately if any of these restrictions are violated For example setting Hello Time 5 sec Max Age 20 sec and Forwarding Delay 4 sec does not violate Eqs 1 through 3 but does violate Eq 4 since in this case 2 x Hello Time 1 sec 12 sec and 2 x Forwarding Delay 1 sec 6 sec You can remedy the situation in many ways One solution is simply to increase the Forwarding Delay value to at least 11 sec HINT Perform the following steps to avoid guessing Step 1 Assign a value to Hello Time and then calculate the left most part of Eq 4 to get the lower limit of Max Age Step 2 Assign a value to Forwarding Delay and then calculate the right most part of Eq 4 to get the upper limit for Max Age Step 3 Assign a value to Forwarding Delay that satisfies the conditions in Eq 3 and Eq 4 4 11
20. e MSTP settings temporarily you can select to enable this configuration to activate the MSTP settings during the operation Disabled 4 9 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP Instance ID Setting Numerical value selected by Description Within each MST region the MSTP maintains multiple Factory Default Cist user spanning tree instances common and internal spanning tree CIST is a collection of the following ISTs in each MST region and the common spanning tree CST that interconnects the MST regions and a single spanning tree All other MST instances are numbered from 1 to 15 Vlan Mapping Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 1 4094 Configure which VLAN ID is mapped to the multiple spanning tree instances None Bridge priority Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value selected by Increase this device s bridge priority by selecting a 32768 user lower number A device with a higher bridge priority has a greater chance of being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology Enable Setting Description Factory Default Enable Disable Select to enable the port as a node on the Multiple Spanning Tree topology Disabled Port Priority Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value selected by Increase this port s priority as a node on the Multiple 128
21. e equipped with a redundant Gigabit Ethernet protocol called Gigabit Turbo Ring With Gigabit Turbo Ring Gigabit Turbo Ring if any segment of the network gets Recovery Time lt 50 ms disconnected your automation system will be back to normal in less than 300 ms Turbo Ring or 50 ms Turbo Ring V2 Port trunking and Turbo Ring can be enabled simultaneously to form a backbone Doing so will increase the bandwidth of the backbone and also provide redundancy For example suppose that two physical ports 1 and 2 are trunked to form trunk group Trk1 and then Trk1 is set as one Turbo Ring path If port 1 gets disconnected the remaining trunked port port 2 will share the traffic If ports 1 and 2 are both disconnected the Turbo Ring will create a backup path within 300 ms 2 Turbo Ring The following topics are covered in this chapter O The Turbo Ring Concept O Setting up Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 Y Y WV gt Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring Ring Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring V2 Ring Ring Coupling Configuration Dual Ring Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 Dual Homing Configuration applies only to Turbo Ring V2 O Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 gt Configuring Turbo Ring Configuring Turbo Ring V2 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring The Turbo Ring Concept Moxa developed the proprietary
22. ing is Even Master n If there are 2N switches an even number in the Turbo Ring ring then the backup segment is one of the two segments connected to the N 1 st switch i e the switch directly opposite the master 2 2 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring When the Number of Switches in the Turbo Ring is Odd Master n If there are 2N 1 switches an odd number in the Turbo Ring ring with switches and segments labeled counterclockwise then segment N 1 will serve as the backup path For the example shown here N 1 so that N 1 2 Segment N 1 Determining the Redundant Path of a Turbo Ring V2 Ring Master For a Turbo Ring V2 ring the backup segment is the segment connected to the 2nd redundant port on the master n See Configuring Turbo Ring V2 in the Configuring Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 section below Ring Coupling Configuration For some systems it may not be convenient to connect all devices in the system to create one BI G redundant ring since some devices could be located in a remote area For these systems Ring Coupling can be used to separate the devices into different smaller redundant rings but in such a way that they can still communicate with each other ATTENTI ON In a VLAN environment the user must set Redundant Port Coupling Port and Coupling Control Port to join all VLANs since these ports act as the backbone to transmit all packets of different VLANS
23. ithout Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 6 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 4 The third from the last port 2 10 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring NOTE The Turbo Ring DIP Switches located on the outer casing of EDS series switches can be used to configure the switches Turbo Ring protocols If you use the web interface console interface or Telnet interface to enable the Turbo Ring DIP Switches and then set DIP Switch 4 on the switch s outer casing to the ON position you will not be able to use the web interface console interface or Telnet interface to change the status of the DIP Switch In this case the Communication Redundancy settings will be grayed out in the web browser as shown in the following figure Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Ring 2 Status Break Status Master Slave Master Master Slave 1st Ring Port Status Link down 1st Ring Port Status 2nd Ring Port Status Link down 2nd Ring Port Status Coupling Mode none Coupling Port status Primary Port Backup Port Settings Redundancy Protocol Enable Ring 1 Enable Ring 2 Set as Master Set as Master Redundant Ports 1st Port Redundant Ports 1st Port 2nd Port 2nd Port Enable Ring Coupling Coupling Mode Primary Port Backup Port 2 11 The following topics are covered in this chapter O The Turbo Chain Concept O Setting Up Turbo Chain C Configuring Turbo Chain Head Switch Configuration
24. n of Settings Items Redundancy Protocol Setting Description Factory Default Turbo Ring Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page Turbo Ring V2 Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration page Turbo Chain Select this item to change to the Turbo Chain configuration page None RSTP IEEE 802 1W 802 1D 2004 Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page None Ring redundancy is not active Set as Master Factory Default Setting Description Enabled Select this switch as Master Disabled Do not select this switch as Master Not checked Redundant Ports Setting Description Factory Default 1st Port Select any port of the switch to be one of the redundant ports See the following table 2nd Port Select any port of the switch to be one of the redundant ports See the following table EDS 400A Series EDS 505A 508A 516A Series Default 1st Port The second from the last port Default 2nd Port The last port EDS 518A Series EDS 510A Series Port G1 Port G2 Port G2 Port G3 EDS 608 616 The third port of the last module The fourth port of the last module EDS 611 619 Port G2 Port G3 EDS 728 828 Series Port 1 1 Port 1 2 IKS 6726 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 1 without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 2
25. nd B costs 300 Y to B 200 B to A 100 The Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 3 is port 2 on bridge C Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP Using STP on a Network with Multiple VLANS IEEE Std 802 1D 1998 Edition does not take into account VLANs when calculating STP information the calculations only depend on the physical connections Consequently some network configurations will result in VLANS being subdivided into a number of isolated sections by the STP system You must ensure that every VLAN configuration on your network takes into account the expected STP topology and alternative topologies that may result from link failures The following figure shows an example of a network that contains VLANs 1 and 2 The VLANs are connected using the 802 1Q tagged link between switch B and Switch C By default this link has a port cost of 100 and is automatically blocked because the other switch to switch connections have a port cost of 36 18 18 This means that both VLANs are now subdivided VLAN 1 on switches A and B cannot communicate with VLAN 1 on switch C and VLAN 2 on switches A and C cannot communicate with VLAN 2 on switch B Switch A 100BaseTX VLAN1 100BaseTX full duplex Link VLAN2 E full duplex Link only carries VLAN1 only carries VLAN2 path cost 18 path cost 18 Switch B Switch C Block 802 1Q tagged 10BaseTx half duplex Link carries VLAN1 2 path cost 100 To avoid subdividing VLAN
26. ng Tree Protocol parameters can be configured A more detailed explanation of each parameter follows Communication Redundancy Root Status Global Settings Redundancy Protocol Forwarding Delay Max Hops Revision Level Region Name Per Instance Settings Instance ID Vlan Mapping Birdge Priority 1 1 v 0 r 1 2 n 1 1 Root Status MSTP 802 15 v 15 Hello Time 2 20 Max Age 20 0 Config Confirm MSTP Cist v 32768 M 128 v v 240 M E me E as FE Activate Aj Indicates the Root bridge of the Spanning Tree Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP Redundancy Protocol Setting Description Factory Default RSTP IEEE 802 1W 1D Select the RSTP configuration page None Turbo Ring Select the Turbo Ring configuration page None Turbo Ring V2 Turbo Chain MSTP IEEE 802 1s Select the MSTP configuration page None Forwarding Delay sec Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 4 30 The amount of time this device waits before checking to see if it should change to a different state 15 Hello time sec Setting Description Factory Default Numerical value input by user 1 10 The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a hello message to other devices on the network to check if the topology is healthy
27. o Ring Turbo Ring V2 or Turbo Chain Note that configuration pages for these three protocols are different Configuring Turbo Ring Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active None Master Slave Redundant Ports Status tst Pot 2nd Pot Ring Coupling Ports Status Coupling Port Coupling Control Pot Settings Redundancy Protocol Turbo Ring Mj CI Set as Master Redundant Ports 1st Port 2 3 v 2ndPot 24 v CI Enable Ring Coupling Coupling Port 2 2 Mi Coupling Control Port 2 1 M Explanation of Current Status Items Now Active It shows which communication protocol is in use Turbo Ring Turbo Ring V2 RSTP or none Master Slave It indicates whether or not this switch is the Master of the Turbo Ring This field appears only when Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 modes are selected NOTE The user does not need to set the master to use Turbo Ring If master is not set the Turbo Ring protocol will assign master status to one of the switches in the ring The master is only used to determine which segment serves as the backup path Redundant Ports Status 1st Port 2nd Port Ring Coupling Ports Status Coupling Port Coupling Control Port The Ports Status indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission Blocking if this port is connected to a backup path and the path is blocked and Link down if there is no connection 2 6 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring Explanatio
28. ore efficient path fails The figure below shows a network made up of three LANs separated by three bridges Each segment uses at most two paths to communicate with the other segments Since this configuration can give rise to loops the network will overload if STP is NOT enabled LAN 1 Bridge B Bridge A If STP is enabled it will detect duplicate paths and prevent or block one of the paths from forwarding traffic In the following example STP determined that traffic from LAN segment 2 to LAN segment 1 should flow through bridges C and A since this path has a greater bandwidth and is therefore more efficient 4 2 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP LAN 1 Bridge B What happens if a link failure is detected As shown in next figure the STP process reconfigures the network so that traffic from LAN segment 2 flows through bridge B LAN 1 Bridge A Bridge C STP will determine which path between each bridged segment is most efficient and then assign a specific reference point on the network When the most efficient path has been identified the other paths are blocked In the previous 3 figures STP first determined that the path through bridge C was the most efficient and as a result blocked the path through bridge B After the failure of bridge C STP re evaluated the situation and opened the path through Bridge B How STP Works When enabled STP determines the most appropriate path for t
29. r Perte Porcia a aae a uv iaa oua saa dada dinde bae ddan 2 8 3 Turbo Cha m 3 1 The Turbo Chain Concept eene es sess esses ese ese esses sse ese e essere 3 2 Setting Up Turbo Chain sise sn ele En er LI EO ELI EGET DGIO OUI GUCCI COD CC IR GIU CR CES EIC EE 3 2 COhfigurndg EM RU olo GIRI aU 3 3 Head Switch Configuration 3o Libo eb MeL M MAREM ARS RARE SALEEM MARS ASS SALSA RSS SASL AA ahaa kia 3 3 Member Switch Config ration sone en e et et et et a etat eet e ae ld iet eee catt 3 3 T il Switch Configuratio M Kasson aaa N A A Madagasasedaueas iadauadsacdaaass cadadads MG AR ARN DON A 3 3 4 STP RSTP MSTP aaaea aaa a aaa aa aa aa a aa aaa a usus uisi 4sa si 4u si 4a seus sius seus u seus s uasa unu 4 1 Th STP RSTP MSTP Concepts ebat eret etienne e Cen bet ee e C op ie n b Gn ob i on he n e ds 4 2 What iS STP noiire enaa a E enaa foo qu DAR ava nda cava tesa sane tet IDorMocoodcol0204000 00400002020 20 0 tana du Po dads 4 2 HOW ST P WORKS dta aa AA RARE An AE EE ARS NE ARR ERR EME QE MURS AGES RNA RARE RUN SACRAS ARS REAL AREA RR ARA REO ER EL AA ORA R40 2 4 3 Differences between STP RSTP and MSTP 4 heme hinein tenente nene 4 4 STP Exathiplez iiic rasoir dad dete dedii etit ee tte dite ge Od ed eod Ted Quad das tad aded eu edad tnt asia Ade dua SE Sd dt d de ed Du diu dd 4 5 Using STP on a Network with Multiple VLANS
30. raffic through a network The way it does this is outlined in the sections below STP Requirements Before STP can configure the network the system must satisfy the following requirements All bridges must be able to communicate with each other The communication is carried out using Bridge Protocol Data Units BPDUs which are transmitted in packets with a known multicast address Each bridge must have a Bridge Identifier that specifies which bridge acts as the central reference point or Root Bridge for the STP system bridges with a lower Bridge Identifier are more likely to be designated as the Root Bridge The Bridge Identifier is calculated using the MAC address of the bridge and a priority defined for the bridge For example the default priority setting of Moxa switches is 32768 Each port has a cost that specifies the efficiency of each link The efficiency cost is usually determined by the bandwidth of the link with less efficient links assigned a higher cost Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP STP Calculation The first step of the STP process is to perform calculations During this stage each bridge on the network transmits BPDUs The following items will be calculated Which bridge should be the Root Bridge The Root Bridge is the central reference point from which the network is configured The Root Path Costs for each bridge This is the cost of the paths from each bridge to the Root Bridge The iden
31. rk If any Turbo Chain path is disconnected the Tail Port will be activated so that packet transmission can continue 3 2 Communication Redundancy Turbo Chain Configuring Turbo Chain Head Switch Configuration Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active Turbo Chain Settings Redundancy Protocol Turbo Chain v Role Head v Port Num Port Status Head Port 1 1 Forwarding Member Port 1 2 M Forwarding Member Switch Configuration Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active Turbo Chain Settings Redundancy Protocol Turbo Chain v Role Member v Pot Role Port Num Port Status 1st Member Port 1 1 Forwarding 2nd Member Port 1 2 v Forwarding Tail Switch Configuration Communication Redundancy Current Status Now Active Turbo Chain Settings Redundancy Protocol Turbo Chain Role Tail v Part Num Port Status Tail Port 1 1 M Blocked Member Port 12 M Forwarding Explanation of Current Status Items Now Active It shows which communication protocol is in use Turbo Ring Turbo Ring V2 RSTP Turbo Chain or None The Ports Status indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission Blocked if this port is connected to the Tail port as a backup path and the path is blocked and Link down if there is no connection Communication Redundancy Turbo Chain Explanation of Settings Items Redundancy Protocol Member Port
32. rt G3 EDS 608 616 The third port of the last module The fourth port of the last module EDS 611 619 Port G2 Port G3 EDS 728 828 Series Port 1 1 Port 1 2 IKS 6726 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 Port 1 2 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 1 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series The second from the last port The last port 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series oo NOTE For EDS 600 Series switches there are certain restrictions on which ports can be used as ring ports You may use any two of the non Gigabit ports as the ring ports however the two ring ports for a particular switch must be on the same module f you need to use Gigabit ports as ring ports you must use the second and third Gigabit ports G2 and G3 as the ring ports but do NOT use G1 The following topics are covered in this chapter o QO 0000 The STP RSTP MSTP Concept gt What is STP gt How STP Works gt Differences between STP RSTP and MSTP STP Example Using STP on a Network with Multiple VLANs Configuring STP RSTP Configuring MSTP Configuration Limits of STP RSTP 4 STP RSTP MSTP Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP The STP RSTP MSTP Concept NOTE Spanning Tree Protocol STP was designed to help reduce link failures on a network and provide provide an automatic means of avoiding loops This is particularly important for net
33. s all inter switch connections should be made members of all available 802 1Q VLANs This will ensure connectivity at all times For example the connections between switches A and B and between switches A and C should be 802 1Q tagged and carrying VLANs 1 and 2 to ensure connectivity Configuring STP RSTP The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured A more detailed explanation of each parameter follows Communication Redundancy Current Status Root Not root Settings Redundancy Protocol RSTP IEEE 802 1D 2004 Bridge Priority 32768 v Hello Time 2 Forwarding Delay Hs Max Age 20 1 200000 bs 4 2 200000 3 fe00000 4 2o00 5 200000 6 200000 Jzo0000 8 200000 9 200000 3 10 200000 11 r1 2nnnnn 4 6 Communication Redundancy STP RSTP MSTP NOTE At the top of this page the user can check the Current Status of this function For RSTP you will see Now Active It shows which communication protocol is being used Turbo Ring RSTP or neither Root Not Root This field only appears when RSTP mode is selected The field indicates whether or not this switch is the Root of the Spanning Tree the root is determined automatically At the bottom of this page the user can configure the Settings of this function For RSTP you can configure Redundancy Protocol
34. tity of each bridge s Root Port The Root Port is the port on the bridge that connects to the Root Bridge via the most efficient path In other words the port connected to the Root Bridge via the path with the lowest Root Path Cost The Root Bridge however does not have a Root Port The identity of the Designated Bridge for each LAN segment The Designated Bridge is the bridge with the lowest Root Path Cost from that segment If several bridges have the same Root Path Cost the one with the lowest Bridge Identifier becomes the Designated Bridge Traffic transmitted in the direction of the Root Bridge will flow through the Designated Bridge The port on this bridge that connects to the segment is called the Designated Bridge Port STP Configuration After all of the bridges on the network agree on the identity of the Root Bridge and all other relevant parameters have been established each bridge is configured to forward traffic only between its Root Port and the Designated Bridge Ports for the respective network segments All other ports are blocked which means that they will not be allowed to receive or forward traffic STP Reconfiguration Once the network topology has stabilized each bridge listens for Hello BPDUs transmitted from the Root Bridge at regular intervals If a bridge does not receive a Hello BPDU after a certain interval the Max Age time the bridge assumes that the Root Bridge or a link between itself and the Root Bridge has
35. use Turbo Ring If master is not set the Turbo Ring protocol will assign master status to one of the EDS units in the ring The master is only used to determine which segment serves as the backup path Ring 1 2 1st Ring Port Status Ring 1 2 2nd Ring Port Status The Ports Status indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission Blocking if this port is connected to a backup path and the path is blocked and Link down if there is no connection Coupling Mode It indicates either None Dual Homing or Ring Coupling Coupling Coupling P ort status It indicates either Primary or Backup Explanation of Settings Items Redundancy Protocol Setting Description Factory Default Turbo Ring Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page Turbo Ring V2 Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration page Turbo Chain Select this item to change to the Turbo Chain configuration page RSTP IEEE 802 1W 802 1D 2004 Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page None Ring redundancy is not active None Enable Ring 1 Setting Description Factory Default Enabled Enable the Ring 1 settings Not checked Disabled Disable the Ring 1 settings Not checked Enable Ring 2 Setting Description Factory Default Enabled Enable the Ring 2 settings Not checked Disabled Disable the Ring 2 settings Note You should
36. with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 4 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series The second from the last port The last port Enable Ring Coupling Setting Description Factory Default Enable Select this switch as Coupler Not checked Disable Do not select this switch as Coupler Coupling Port Setting Coupling Port Coupling Control Port Description Select any port of the switch to be the coupling port Factory Default See the following table Setting Description Factory Default Coupling Control Port Select any port of the EDS to be the coupling control port See the following table 2 7 Communication Redundancy Turbo Ring NOTE Default Coupling Port Default Coupling Control Port EDS 400A Series EDS 505A 508A 516A Series The fourth from the last port The third from the last port EDS 518A Series Port 15 Port 16 EDS 510A Series EDS 608 616 Port 7 The second port of the last module Port G1 The first port of the last module EDS 611 619 Port G1 The last port of the last module EDS 728 828 Series Port 1 3 Port 1 4 IKS 6726 Series without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 3 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 1 without Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 4 with Gigabit Ethernet module Port 1 2 IKS G6524 G6824 Series 1CS G7526 G7528 G7826 G7828 Series
37. wo possible links The various STP factors such as Cost Root Port Designated Bridge Port and Blocked Port are shown in the figure LAN Segment 1 Port 1 Port 1 Port 1 Designated Root Port Root Port Bridge Port Port 2 Designated Bridge Port Port 2 Blocked Port Port 2 Root Bridge LAN Segment 2 Port 1 Root Port Cost 100 Bridge C Port 2 Designated Bridge Port Port 1 Root Port Bridge Y Port 2 Blocked Port LAN Segment 3 Bridge A has been selected as the Root Bridge since it was determined to have the lowest Bridge Identifier on the network Since Bridge A is the Root Bridge it is also the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 1 Port 1 on Bridge A is selected as the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 1 Ports 1 of Bridges B C X and Y are all Root Ports since they are nearest to the Root Bridge and therefore have the most efficient path Bridges B and X offer the same Root Path Cost for LAN segment 2 However Bridge B was selected as the Designated Bridge for that segment since it has a lower Bridge Identifier Port 2 on Bridge B is selected as the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 2 Bridge C is the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 3 because it has the lowest Root Path Cost for LAN Segment 3 gt The route through bridges C and B costs 200 C to B 100 B to A 100 gt The route through bridges Y a
38. works that have a complicated architecture since unintended loops in the network can cause broadcast storms Moxa switches STP feature is disabled by default To be completely effective you must enable RSTP STP on every Moxa switch connected to your network Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RSTP implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol defined by IEEE 802 1D 2004 RSTP provides the following benefits The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP e RSTP is backward compatible with STP making it relatively easy to deploy For example gt Defaults to sending 802 1D style BPDUs if packets with this format are received STP 802 1D and RSTP 802 1w can operate on different ports of the same switch which is particularly helpful when switch ports connect to older equipment such as legacy switches You get essentially the same functionality with RSTP and STP To see how the two systems differ see the Differences between STP and RSTP section in this chapter The STP protocol is part of the IEEE Std 802 1D 2004 Edition bridge specification The following explanation uses bridge instead of switch What is STP STP 802 1D is a bridge based system that is used to implement parallel paths for network traffic STP uses a loop detection process to Locate and then disable less efficient paths i e paths that have a lower bandwidth Enable one of the less efficient paths if a m
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