H46-2-98-211E
Contents
1. Home Environments ED HOME ENVIRONMENTS 10 1 Indoor Air Quality Indoor air pollution is an important health concern since many Canadians spend much more time indoors than outdoors Indoor air contains some of the same pollutants found in outdoor air although generally at lower levels e g ground level ozone is found at lower levels indoors In addition indoor air also contains concentrations of pollutants such as tobacco smoke formalde hyde and vapours from household products that are much more diluted in outdoor air Indoor air in a home or building is a mix of many substances continually being exchanged with the air outdoors Other than oxygen nitrogen and carbon diox ide indoor air contains contaminants such as vapours from consumer products particles and various biologicals such as bacteria fungi moulds viruses and mite by products These contaminants can be harmful if their concentrations in air become too high Canadians have a growing interest in weatherizing homes and buildings to con serve energy and save on heating costs Ventilation systems in many homes and buildings are not designed to serve these new tight buildings The exchange between inside and outside air may be hindered and may lead to an increase in indoor air pollutant levels Contaminants in Indoor Air Most of the contaminants in indoor air such as tobacco smoke combustion gases and solvent vapours are released or formed by human a2. and repellents e unvented clothes dryers e tobacco smoke and e particles carried into the dwelling from outdoor air People living near air pollution sources such as heavily travelled roadways incinerators petroleum refineries metal foundries and other industrial plants farms quarries large construction sites or surface mines are often exposed to relatively high levels of dust and other particulate matter The elderly those with chronic pulmonary or cardiovascular disease and the very young have been identified as being particularly susceptible to the effects of particles Asthmatics and individuals with respiratory infections or bronchi tis may also be at particular risk when particulate levels are high Exposure reduction Ensure that filters on furnaces and air conditioning sys tems are properly installed cleaned and or replaced regularly Combustion appliances should be properly vented to the outdoors Avoid the use of aerosol products indoors Ensure proper ventilation of clothes dryers Ultrasonic humidifiers can cause high levels of particles in indoor air which in turn can affect lung function Use distilled or de ionized water in ultrasonic humidifiers to minimize particle formation Eliminate tobacco smoke in the building For a more complete overview of particulate matter and more information on particle size see Chapter 7 Outdoor Air Quality and Human Health and Contaminant Profiles Radon For an overv
3. based paint strippers are among the least hazardous methods available for removing lead based paint It is important however that safety precautions are taken and the manufacturer s instructions followed Methylene chloride is clear colourless and has a mildly sweet odour Direct contact with the chemical can cause skin irritation Exposure to methylene chloride vapours can cause sluggishness irritability light headedness nau sea and headaches depending on the concentration of the vapours in the air Long term exposure to high levels has been associated with an increased incidence of cancer in laboratory animals and it is probably car cinogenic to humans When using methylene chloride based paint strippers indoors the air can become contaminated People at risk include other occupants of the build ing as well as those who are directly handling these products If the object being stripped is portable consider moving the work outdoors Here are some other safety practices to follow e before starting turn the furnace and furnace fan off tape over the air supply and return registers and open windows in the room where the work is being carried out ensure your work area is properly ventilated Place an electric fan by an open window to blow contaminated air outside always wear goggles gloves and a good quality breathing mask If strip per gets on your skin wash it off right away if you develop breathing problems dizziness
4. flame size and recommended clearances for combustible materials Ventilation is particularly important in homes where people have heart problems or respiratory diseases such as asthma or emphysema e Do not touch the surface of the heater as it can become extremely hot Keep out of reach of children e Use only low sulphur fuel type number 1 K kerosene in order to minimize sulphur dioxide emissions e NEVER use naphtha or gasoline in a kerosene heater as explosion and fire may result e Refuel the heater OUTDOORS and only when cool to the touch Kerosene expands when it warms up so the tank should never be filled to greater than 90 percent of its capacity e Store kerosene in a well ventilated area away from sources of heat flame or sparks Do not use or store barbecues or barbecue fuel containers in the living quarters or in garages attached to homes The fuel containers may leak and should be stored outdoors Fumes from barbecuing may have health effects similar to those of kerosene heaters Consumer Products These may include volatile organic solvents pesticides hair sprays disinfectants and other products Examples of consumer products containing solvents are cleaning fluids cleansers paint art supplies aerosol propellants and pest con trol products Short exposures to solvent vapours can cause temporary dizziness Prolonged or repeated exposures can irritate the eyes lungs and skin and dam age the nervous system
5. have been strictly regulated by U S federal agencies occurs at an exposure of 2 3 micrograms of nicotine per cubic metre of daily exposure over a working lifetime Thus ETS exposure in the home is typically well above an acceptable level of risk It should also be noted that many ETS pollutants are absorbed onto surfaces and then later released exposing non smokers to carcinogens toxins and odours long after smoking has ceased Exposure reduction Numerous surveys demonstrate that the public does not understand the nature of the specific risks from ETS exposure and the magni tude of those risks There is support for an increased role for health profession als in communicating messages about the effects of ETS on children s health The public also needs to be better informed about ways of reducing the expo sure of others to tobacco smoke since the preferred methods of decreasing exposure smoking in a separate room or opening a window are clearly inadequate forms of protection In addition to educational messages and legislation health programs that pro mote smoke free families as the norm have the potential to support those who have difficulty enforcing their own preferences at home Making a home smoke free is the least costly and the only effective means of substantially eliminating ETS As with other tobacco control initiatives a comprehensive approach one that includes a strong health promotion component along with regul
6. nausea or headaches while working with paint strippers get some fresh air immediately Work for 10 minutes at a time and then take a fresh air break consider hiring a professional if you do not want to be exposed to the hazards of chemical strippers 10 3 Usina Home PrRopuctTs SAFELY The Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy and many community based environmental agencies provide excellent detailed information on biological alternatives to chemical based products for home and garden use Pesticide Use in the Home Many pesticide products intended for indoor use are designed to have residual activity that can persist for months These products are often applied to areas near the floor Because young children have a tendency to mouth objects and to play on the floor or ground this increases their risk of exposure to pesticides or their residues Children can also be exposed to pesticides by playing in areas where the chemicals have been spilled or improperly stored and by playing with packages or equipment used in spraying Although concentrations and toxicities of pesticides for home use tend to be less than for some used in commercial agriculture home gardeners must still ensure that they follow label directions and use proper hygiene to minimize exposure As with any drug or chemical all pesticide products should be used with care and common sense Safe application and storage practices can reduce the poten tial for acci
7. s a good idea to keep a pair of coveralls and work shoes to wear only in the work area Wash all work clothes separately from other clothing Never eat drink or smoke while removing paint Clean the work area thoroughly at the end of each day Collect paint scrap ings and chips and place them in a sealed container clearly marked Lead containing paint scrapings Hazardous Waste Wipe the entire work area with a clean damp cloth and discard the cloth when you re done In many parts of Canada special arrangements exist for the disposal of hazardous household wastes Paint scrapings should not be discarded with the garbage To find out how to dispose of old paint strippings contact either your local municipality or the local office of the provincial Ministry of the Environment As mentioned previously another option is to have professionals do the job either in your home or remove the woodwork for stripping at their shop If you hire professionals to remove the paint in your home make sure they follow the advice given here the method of stripping proper ventilation clean up etc Safe use of paint strippers containing methylene chloride Strippers that contain methylene chloride also known as dichloro methane are fast acting versatile and easy to use Methylene chloride in fact is the major component of nearly all paint removers on the market Compared with sanding which produces a lot of airborne dust methylene chloride
8. treated skin with soap and water when you return indoors or when protection is no longer needed Do not get in eyes and avoid breathing spray mists Ifyou do get repel lent in your eyes rinse immediately with water Do not use the repellent on open wounds nor if your skin is irritated or sunburned Some personal insect repellent products contain a skin lotion or sun screen Use these products only for their purpose as an insect repellent and according to the safe practices listed here To see if you are sensitive to a particular product apply the product to a small area of skin on your arm before general use Stop using the product immediately if you experience any reactions These may include skin or eye irritation allergic reactions or nervous system effects including behavioural changes or abnormal movements Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or are severe and take the product container with you Use only personal insect repellents that are registered in Canada These have a registration number and are labelled as insect repellents for use on humans Never use a product labelled as an insecticide on your body Keep all insect repellent containers out of reach of children
9. Skin contact can result in irritation and damage to the skin Warning signs of exposure to moderate levels of acetone are the smell and respiratory irritation and burning eyes If these symptoms occur the individual should remove herself himself from the source of exposure Consumer products containing acetone should only be used in well ventilated areas preferably outdoors and care should be taken in handling these products See Contaminant Profiles Environmental Tobacco Smoke ETS Environmental tobacco smoke ETS consists of more than 4000 compounds over 50 of which are known to cause cancer ETS includes sidestream smoke the smoke emitted from the burning cigarette cigar or pipe between puffs and main stream smoke exhaled by the smoker Undiluted sidestream smoke because it burns at a lower tem perature contains higher concentrations of many of the toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke including nicotine carbon monoxide benzene ammonia 4 aminobiphenyl and benzo a pyrene Sidestream smoke particles are also smaller than those of main stream smoke and thus can be inhaled more deeply into the lungs In 1992 the U S Environmental Protection Agency classified environmental tobacco smoke as a Group A carcinogen producing cancer in humans Canadian research has concluded that ETS causes more than 300 lung cancer deaths in non smokers each year ETS has also been declared a major pre ventable cause of cardiova
10. atory reform based on sound scientific research promises to be the most effective in chang ing societal attitudes and practices related to the involuntary exposure of others to the toxic pollutants found in tobacco smoke Adapted from National Clearing House on Tobacco and Health Publications Environmental Tobacco Smoke ETS Series 1996 Information on some contaminants found in tobacco smoke such as carbon monoxide CO nitrogen oxides NO particulates and PAHs can be found in the Contaminant Profiles Mercury For an overview of mercury see Contaminant Profiles Nitrogen Dioxide NO3 For an overview of NO see Contaminant Profiles Particulate Matter in Indoor Air Particulate matter is a variety of minute solid or liquid particles suspended in the air that can be inhaled into the respiratory system The terms particulate matter particulates particles and aerosols are often used interchangeably However aerosols are very fine droplets of liquid that may contain dissolved chemicals Particulate matter can be found in both indoor and outdoor air Indoor levels of air particles can be higher than the outdoor levels The princi pal sources of particulate matter in indoor air are e cooking especially when using wood coal oil or gas as fuel e cleaning activities such as vacuuming and dusting e heating ventilation and air conditioning systems e use of consumer products such as spray disinfectants cleaners
11. can expose people in your home to a health risk Even small amounts of lead can be harmful especially to infants and young children In addition lead taken in by the mother can interfere with the health of the unborn child Children are particularly at risk because they absorb lead more easily than adults do They are developing rapidly and are more susceptible to the health hazards of lead Children also absorb a higher proportion of lead from other sources food water and dust for example than adults Contaminated dust is a particularly important source of exposure for babies and small children because they can ingest a significant amount of dust through their natural habit of putting things in their mouths The degree of lead poisoning varies depending on the amount of lead we are exposed to and for how long Studies show that prolonged exposure of children to even very small amounts of lead is serious Depending on the level of expo sure lead can cause anemia impair the functions of the brain and nervous system and can result in learning disabilities and an inability to concentrate If your home was built before 1960 it was likely painted with a lead based paint Most paints made before 1950 contained large amounts of lead In fact some paint made in the 1940s contained up to 50 percent lead by dry weight Lead was used to make paint dry quickly and wear well and to make the colours vibrant You can find out the level of lead in you
12. ctivity or pres ence in the home In general ensuring proper ventilation including consideration of direction and velocity of supplied air ensuring proper installation and maintenance of all heating systems and appliances reducing emissions from consumer prod ucts and elimination of tobacco smoke is often a good start in improving indoor air quality In some cases pollutants i e sulphur dioxide benzene may be entering the home from the outdoor air and in these cases improving ventilation will not eliminate the problem The sources of exposure health impacts and measures to reduce exposure of com mon pollutants of concern in the home are described in the following sections Aldehydes Sources of aldehydes include urea formaldehyde foam insulation now banned in Canada plywood particle board glues binders paint preservatives tobac co smoke wood smoke un vented gas heaters cosmetics and some permanent press fabrics These can release pungent irritating vapours although emissions generally decrease with time Some people are exceptionally sensitive to formaldehyde Formaldehyde is an upper respiratory irritant that irritates the mucous membranes of the eyes nose and throat and is a recognized allergen CANADIANS SPEND ON AVERAGE 90 PERCENT OF THEIR TIME INDOORS USUALLY IN THE HOME oo Repeated exposure may cause hypersensitivity reactions such as asthma and laryngeal edema There is some evidence that at
13. dental exposures or harmful reactions Safe Handling of Pesticides e Carefully read and follow directions on the product label Note the uses rates application equipment cautions and hazards Always wear protective clothing and safety equipment recommended on the label e Do not apply pesticides when wind conditions may cause drift into areas not intended for treatment e Do not rub your eyes or touch your mouth while working with pesticides and do not eat drink or smoke until you have washed your hands thoroughly e Shower thoroughly and change your clothes after exposure to or complet ing application of a pesticide Wash the exposed clothes separately from your normal laundry e Post signs warning passers by that you have treated an area with pesticides 2 SIGNAL WORDS e Keep pets and children away from treated areas for a few days If others are using pesticides Symbol POISONING IF A PESTICIDE POISONING OCCURS OR IS SUSPECTED THE LABEL OR CONTAINER SHOULD BE TAKEN WHEN SEEKING HELP FROM A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL THE PESTICIDE LABEL IS THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT PIECE OF INFORMATION REGARDING A PESTICIDE BECAUSE IT CONTAINS SECTIONS ON FIRST AID AND TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT PIECE OF INFORMATION IS THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET MSDS THESE ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE MORE HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS AND HAVE A SECTION ENTITLED TOXICITY HEALTH EFFECTS PRECAUTIONARY SIGNS SYMBOLS AND Ke
14. ed heaters water heaters and tobac co products can produce CO CO SO formaldehyde hydrocarbons nitrogen oxides NO particulates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons For more information on CO SO NO particulates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocar bons see Contaminant Profiles which also contains information on CO formaldehyde Q Are kerosene heaters safe A Gases emitted by unvented kerosene heaters are a definite health risk when fuel fumes and combustion gasses are allowed to build up in living spaces Carbon monoxide for example may be harmful to individuals who have cardiovascular or chronic obstructive lung diseases as well as for pregnant women the newborn and the elderly Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include headache dizziness and nausea Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide both have harmful effects particularly on children who may suffer more frequent bouts of respiratory illness when exposed to increased amounts of these gases Lung function may also be impaired For more information on CO SO NO see Contaminant Profiles The following guidelines should be followed during operation of kerosene heaters e Use only for temporary heating Turn off when people are sleeping or when the room is left empty for some time e NEVER leave children alone in a room with a kerosene heater e Follow manufacturers instructions carefully Pay particular attention to specifications for fresh air ventilation
15. high levels higher than are likely in homes exposure to formaldehyde may cause cancer Exposure reduction Ventilation should be increased and the amount of new textiles and new furniture containing wood composites introduced into an area could be off gassed in an unoccupied area for several days or restricted Tobacco smoke should be eliminated from the home or building Asbestos For information on asbestos see Contaminant Profiles Biological Agents These include a vast range of agents such as viruses bacteria moulds mildews pollen grains cell debris such as pet dander and dust mites They are the major components of house dust The normal level of biological agents in indoor air usually causes few health problems but they can result in illness if levels are too high Large amounts of pollen or fungal spores in the air can cause allergic reactions and aggravate asthma Micro organisms can be carried on dust particles or droplets of water Moulds and fungi can grow in parts of the home that are constantly damp Moulds in the home can cause many health problems from allergic reactions acute infections to chronic illness Moulds produce particles spores and resid ual matter and gases mouldy or musty odours High moisture levels in the home will encourage the growth of moulds If it is allowed to become stagnant water in the tanks of humidifiers can be a source of disease causing bacteria and moulds For more information o
16. ication Exposure Guidelines for Residential Indoor Air Quality For some pollutants the guidelines suggest maximum acceptable concentrations while for others there are recommendations on controlling exposure In a few cases professional help may be necessary to determine pollutant sources or levels the guidelines also indicate when problems might occur The guidelines take into account sensitive groups in the population however the differences between individuals in a population can be great Thus the guidelines are carefully considered opinions of the concentrations that would be unlikely to cause adverse health effects in the average person even if exposed for a lifetime The Federal Provincial Advisory Committee on Environmental and Occupational health has produced two excellent publications on IAQ in office buildings Indoor Air Quality in Office Buildings A Technical Guide and Office Air A Worker s Guide to Air Quality in Offices Schools and Hospitals For more information on indoor air quality refer to Health Canada s pamphlet Indoor Air Quality and You INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN THE HOUSE Mould and fungi Smoking and gases from build ing materials and new furnishings Fireplaces Chemical household products Arts and crafts Car exhaust 10 2 Home RENOVATIONS Removing Lead Based Paint Older homes may contain lead based paint Removing or disturbing old lead based paint as part of a renovation project
17. iew of radon see Contaminant Profiles Water Vapour Humidity Sources of humidity are washing bathing and cooking unvented clothes dryers and breathing by people and animals Outdoor air that is either hot and moist or cold and dry will have a large effect on indoor humidity Humidity can affect comfort and health Low humidity can aggravate the symptoms of asthma and high humidity at high temperatures can sometimes lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke In winter moisture can condense on and in the walls of homes that lack an effective vapour barrier If ventilation is poor the moisture may persist after the season changes allowing moulds and fungi to grow within the build ing This can cause allergies and other serious respiratory illnesses Exposure reduction Control humidity with proper ventilation and dehumidi fiers Prevent condensation of water in windows and walls Try to get by with out using home humidifiers Often normal activities such as washing and bathing provide comfortable levels of humidity During the heating season the relative humidity should be kept between 30 and 55 percent and never more than 70 percent Maintain household cleanliness to reduce moulds and fungi See Biological Agents above and Moulds in Contaminant Profiles Guidelines on Indoor Air Quality The Federal Provincial Working Group on Indoor Air Quality IAQ has prepared guidelines concerning indoor air quality which are available in the publ
18. liver and kidneys depending on the level and duration of exposure Pest control products contain a variety of substances that may be poisonous at high doses It should be noted that some substances can remain in indoor air for a long time even after usage has stopped Exposure reduction The use of paint strippers and other strong chemicals should be avoided in the home as it is difficult to ventilate adequately Such work should be done outside if possible Product directions should always be followed see Box on Paint Strippers page 166 Safety precautions must be followed when removing lead based paint in the home see Removing Lead based Paint page 164 and in Contaminant Profiles Substitute non toxic alter natives for cleaning and personal care products Art supplies should be used only under very well ventilated conditions Resources are available on the topic of art and safety See Health Canada Environmental Health Directorate in the Resource Guide Acetone Acetone is found in products such as household chemicals nail polish and paint Breathing moderate to high levels of acetone for short periods of time can cause nose throat lung and eye irritation headaches light headedness confusion increased pulse rate nausea vomiting uncon sciousness and possibly coma and shortening of the menstrual cycle in women Swallowing very high levels of acetone can result in unconsciousness and damage to the skin in the mouth
19. n mould see Contaminant Profiles Building Materials Indoor air can contain gases e g formaldehyde toluene xylenes VOCs released by new building materials and by new furnishings Exposure reduction Exposure to chemicals can be reduced by airing out a new home for the first several months Ventilation should be increased in rooms with new furniture carpeting etc Carbon Dioxide CO3 Carbon dioxide is a colourless odourless gas formed during combustion e g in gas furnaces stoves kerosene heaters and when people and animals breathe Carbon dioxide may build up in poorly ventilated homes Carbon dioxide can also be a significant problem in schools and offices if there are large numbers of people and inadequate fresh air intake in the building High CO concentrations can cause headaches and drowsiness Exposure reduction Chimneys furnaces and other fuel fired appliances should be regularly cleaned adjusted and properly maintained to keep toxic gases from building up in the home Make sure there is adequate ventilation for all devices that use air in their operation such as fireplaces furnaces wood burning stoves exhaust fans and clothes dryers Attention should be paid to air exchange for example in overcrowding situations ensure adequate air intake into the building Carbon Monoxide CO For an overview of CO see Contaminant Profiles Combustion By Products Gas stoves wood stoves fireplaces unvent
20. ng asthma and more frequent and severe asthma attacks in children who already have the disease In the United States an estimated 11 percent of all asthma cases and more than half a million physician visits for asthma each year are due to smoking in the home e ETS exposure in childhood may also be associated with an increased risk of developing chronic obstructive airway disease and cancer as adults Forty percent of Canadian households with children under the age of 15 have one or more smokers in the home Another 41 percent of households do not include a smoker but permit visitors to smoke This means that only 19 percent of homes are completely smoke free It is very difficult to quantify the exposure of non smokers to ETS as it is extensively diluted by the surrounding air The size of the room ventilation system number and brand of cigarettes smoked number of people in the room and humidity all have an impact on the level of ETS Smoking in confined spaces such as in a small enclosed room or a car can greatly increase concentrations of ETS Studies have attempted to measure exposure to various ETS compounds Nicotine levels in homes have been found to range from 2 to 11 micrograms per cubic metre One study estimated average concentrations of nicotine in the home to be 5 8 micrograms per cubic metre with peak values being 10 times these average values To put this in context the level of exposure beyond which environmental carcinogens
21. r paint by scientific testing Some large Canadian cities have contractors using X ray fluorescence XRF equipment to sense for lead on surfaces If so this would be your most eco nomical means of testing for an extensive renovation Otherwise have the paint analysed at a laboratory certified by the Standards Council of Canada or the Canadian Association for Environmental Analytical Laboratories for the analysis of lead in paint This involves removing all paint and even some plaster from at least a 2 cm by 2 cm section of the wall to be tested This sample is then sent to the laboratory for analysis Exposure reduction Lead based paint doesn t present a health hazard as long as the paint is not chipping or flaking and isn t where it can be chewed by young children for example on window sills older painted cribs and toys etc In fact removing old paint can sometimes result in a more immediate hazard than simply leaving the painted area intact To lessen any chance of exposure to leaded paint surfaces that are still in good condition can be covered with vinyl wallpaper wallboard or panelling In areas that children can t reach applying one or more coats of non leaded paint to old but intact surfaces will help Sanding sends a cloud of paint dust and scatters paint chips through the entire house Dust from lead based paint can contaminate the air you breathe every thing you touch and any food that is exposed Paint chips might be ea
22. scular disease and death by several authorities including the American Heart Association Numerous studies indicate that children are at greater risk than adults from exposure to ETS They have smaller airways and they breathe more rapidly which means they inhale more air and more pollutants relative to their total body weight The exposure of Canadian children is likely higher than for chil dren in many other countries because Canadian children spend more time indoors Lower indoor ventilation rates in colder climates result in higher rates of ETS contaminants in indoor environments The following are examples of some of the health effects associated with the exposure of children to ETS from parental smoking e More than 20 percent of all deaths from sudden infant death syndrome SIDS in Canada are associated with maternal tobacco use Children in the United States are three times more likely to die from SIDS caused by mater nal smoking than die from homicide or child abuse e Exposure to ETS substantially increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and is responsible for an estimated 350 000 cases of bronchitis and 152 000 cases of pneumonia annually in the United States or 16 percent of all lung infections in children under the age of five e Children exposed to household smoking are at greater risk of requiring surgery for recurrent ear infections or tonsillitis e ETS exposure is associated with higher risk of developi
23. ten by young children Heat guns and blowlamps vaporize the paint and can fill the air with leaded fumes These fumes and paint dust can migrate out of doors spreading the lead to soils and gardens and contributing to the build up of lead throughout the environment The safest way to remove lead based paint on doors or trim is to have the wood stripped off site either professionally or outside in a well ventilated space For walls ceilings or immovable trim chemical strippers are perhaps the best solution Application strippers which consist of a paste applied with a brush are best However all chemical paint strippers contain potentially harmful substances so care must be taken when using them see Box Safe use of paint strippers page 166 Some very important rules to follow Pre school children and pregnant women are especially susceptible to leaded dust They should limit their exposure as much as possible Remove as much of the furnishings from the work area as possible Furniture and carpets that can t be removed should be covered completely with plastic sheeting Isolate the work area to prevent the spread of scrapings chips and particles of paint to other parts of the house This can be done by covering doorways and vents with plastic sheeting and tape If using paint strippers follow all product safety recommendations regarding ventilation skin and eye protection use of masks etc See box on page 166 It
24. yword avoid these areas for a few days This allows the pesticide residues to evaporate This is particu larly important for children e When using indoors empty any closets cup boards or counter tops you re treating and make sure there is adequate ventilation Ensure any food preparation and storage areas are washed with potable water before re using danger warning caution e Keep pesticide containers out of reach of chil Degree of risk dren and do not spray around children or pets Never store pesticides near food or drink and never transfer pesticides into another container for storage Dispose of pesticide containers in the manner indicated on the label 7 a poison flammable explosive corrosive Degree of Hazard Safe Use of Personal Insect Repellent Products Always read the entire label before using Children may be more sensitive and at a higher risk of harmful reac tions Always supervise application of insect repellent on children Use the least concentrated products and be extra careful to avoid contact with the eyes Avoid spraying children s hands with repellent to reduce the chance of getting the repellent in their eyes and mouths Do not use personal insect repellents on children under two years of age Apply the repellent sparingly and only when you really need protec tion It should only be used on exposed skin and over clothing Do not use under clothing Wash
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search
H46 2 98 211E hg/t 20646.2-1999 hg/t 20646.5-1999