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Red Hat 3.7 Welding System User Manual

1. Figure 6 7 Schedule Pending Actions 6 7 2 Failed Actions Actions that could not be completed If the action returns an error it will be displayed 6 7 3 Completed Actions Actions that have succeeded 6 7 4 Archived Actions Actions that you have selected to store for review 6 7 5 Actions List In each page each row in the list represents a single scheduled event or action that might affect multiple systems and involve various packages The list contains several columns of information Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 111 Select Use the checkboxes in this column to select actions After selecting actions you can either add them to your selection list or move them to the Archived Actions list If you archive a pending action it is not canceled The action item just moves from the Pending Actions list to the Archived Actions list Action Type of action to perform such as Errata Update or Package Install Clicking an ac tion name takes you to its Action Details page Refer to Section 6 7 5 1 Action Details for more information Earliest The earliest day and time the action will be performed Succeeded Number of systems on which this action was successful Failed Number of systems on which this action has been tried and failed In Progress Number of systems on which this action is taking place Total Total number of systems on which this action has been scheduled
2. C 5 11 Linux Process Running The Linux Process Running probe verifies the specified process is functioning properly It counts either processes or process groups depending on whether the Count process groups checkbox is selected By default the checkbox is selected thereby indicating the probe should count the number of process group leaders independent of the number of children This allows you for example to verify that two instances of the Apache HTTP Server are running regardless of the dynamic number of child processes If it is not selected the probe conducts a straightforward count of the number of processes children and leaders matching the specified process Specify the process by either command name or process I D PID Entering a PID will override the entry of a command name If no command name or PID is entered the error Command not found will be displayed and the probe will be set to a CRITICAL state Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Fie fae Commandname o G pse o G Critical Maximum Number Running ee Critical Minimum Number Running Doo Table C 25 Linux Process Running settings C 5 12 Linux Swap Usage The Linux Swap Usage probe monitors the swap partitions running on a system and reports the following metric Appendix C Probes 157 Swap Free The percent of swap memory currently free
3. lt E mail Regular mail Telephone Fax e Newsletter Special offers from Red Hat partners amp Cancel Back gt Forward Figure 2 7 Register a User Account Once satsfied with the information supplied click Forward to continue 2 2 2 Registering a System Profile Now that you have a user account you can create a System Profile that consists of hardware and software information about your Red Hat Enterprise Linux system The System Profile information is used by Red Hat Network to determine what software update notifications you receive 2 2 2 1 Hardware System Profile After creating a username and password for your Red Hat Network account the Red Hat Update Agent probes your system for the following information Red Hat Linux version Hostname IP address CPU model CPU speed Amount of RAM PCI devices Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 15 Disk sizes Mount points The next step is choosing a profile name for your system as shown in Figure 2 8 The default value is the hostname for the system You may modify this to be a more descriptive string such as Email Server for Support Team if you find it more helpful Optionally you can enter a computer serial or identification number for the system If you do not wish to include information about your hardware or network in your System Profile deselect Include information about hardware and network
4. Heap Free The percentage of free heap space This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP ied Va O 161 BEA Domain AdminSever Critical Maximum Heap Free Warning Maximum Heap Free Warning MinimumHeapFree Critical Minimum Heap Free J Table C 5 BEA WebLogic Heap Free settings C 3 3 BEA WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool The BEA WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool probe monitors the Java Database Connection JDBC pool on a domain Admin Server only no Managed Servers and collects the following metrics Connections The number of connections to the JDBC Connections Rate The speed at which connections are made to the JDBC measured in connec tions per second Waiters The number of sessions waiting to connect to the JDBC This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP Fie fae 161 BEA Domain AdminSever Critical Maximum Connections Warning Maximum Connections J 146 Appendix C Probes Field Va Critical Maximum Connection Rate es Warning Maximum Connection Rate SESE y O Critical Maximum Waiters E O Waming Maximum Waiters E Table C 6 BEA WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool settings C 3 4 BEA WebLogic Server State The BEA WebLogic Server State probe monitors the current state of a BEA Weblogic Web server If the probe is unable to make a connection to the server a CRITICAL status results This probe s transport protocol
5. The Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS probe determines the availability of the secure Web server and collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the HTTPS server to answer a connec tion request This probe confirms it can connect to the HTTPS port on the specified host and retrieve the specified URL If no URL is specified the probe will fetch the root document The probe looks for a HTTP 1 message from the system unless you alter that value Specifying another port number will override the default port of 443 This probe supports authentication Provide a username and password in the appropriate fields to use this feature Unlike most other probes this probe will return a CRITICAL status if it cannot contact the system within the timeout period 168 Appendix C Probes Fie vate Expect Comet o G fUsemame o G Password o Timeow o HTTPS Port o Password pO Timeout 10 HTTPS Port 443 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency PO Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency ees Table C 45 Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS settings C 8 10 Network Services SSH The Network Services SSH probe determines the availability of SSH on the specified port and collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the SSH server to answer a connection request Upon successfully contacting the SSH server and receiving a v
6. 195 Your Account 62 Your RHN 60 Y Your RHN 60 Account Deactivation 62 Addresses 62 Email 62 Help 63 Purchase History 63 Your Account 62 Your Preferences 63
7. 6 6 6 5 3 Configuration Channel Details Systems _6 Identifies the systems subscribed to this configuration channel Clicking a system name takes you to the System Details page 6 6 6 5 4 Configuration Channel Details Target Systems Displays all of the systems that have Provisioning entitlements but are not yet subscribed to this config channel To associate systems with the config channel select their checkboxes and click the button matching the rank to be assigned Subscribe with Highest Rank will override all other config channels except local configs Subscribe with Lowest Rank will rank this config channel below all others When done the selected systems will appear in the Systems tab 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details If you click on the name or number of a file in a list the Configuration File Details page will appear You may remove the file at anytime by clicking delete file in the upper right corner of the page This page contains the following tabs 6 6 6 6 1 Configuration File Details Details General information about the file This is the first tab you see when you click on a file It displays basic information about the file including path associated channel revision and date It also provides links to download view and edit the file as well as identify whether it is binary Note that files larger than 16 KB cannot be edited through the RHN website In addition you can define macros variables
8. MySQL Port Timeout Critical Maximum Threads Running Warning Maximum Threads Running Warning Minimum Threads Running o Critical Minimum Threads Running Table C 36 MySQL Threads Running settings C 8 Network Services The probes in this section monitor various services integral to a functioning network When applying them ensure their timed thresholds do not exceed the amount of time allotted to the timeout period Otherwise an UNKNOWN status will be returned in all instances of extended latency thereby nulli fying the thresholds C 8 1 Network Services DNS Lookup The Network Services DNS Lookup probe uses the dig command to see if it can resolve the system or domain name specified in the Host or Address to look up field It collects the following metric Query Time The time in milliseconds required to execute the dig request This is useful in monitoring the status of your DNS servers If you want to monitor one of your DNS servers supply a well known host domain name such as a large search engine or corporate Web site Fie vate Host or Address to look up Ooo 10 Critical Maximum Query Time ee Warning Maximum Query Time SS Table C 37 Network Services DNS Lookup settings C 8 2 Network Services FTP The Network Services FTP probe uses network sockets to test FTP port availability It collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the F
9. Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Timeout Warning Minimum Swap Free pO Critical Minimum Swap Free nann Table C 26 Linux Swap Usage settings C 5 13 Linux TCP Connections by State The Linux TCP Connections by State probe identifies the total number of TCP connections as well as the quantity of each in the following states TIME_WAIT The socket is waiting after close for remote shutdown transmission so it may handle packets still in the network e CLOSE_WAIT The remote side has been shut down and is now waiting for the socket to close FIN_WAIT The socket is closed and the connection is now shutting down ESTABLISHED The socket has a connection established e SYN_RCVD The connection request has been received from the network This probe can be helpful in finding and isolating network traffic to specific IP addresses or examining network connections into the monitored system The filter parameters for the probe let you narrow the probe s scope This probe uses a command of netstat ant to retrieve data The Local IP address and Local port parameters use values in the Local Address column of the output the Remote IP address and Remote port parameters use values in the Foreign Address column of the output for reporting Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the
10. This probe can be configured to alert by 1 the number of allocated extents e g go critical when the table has been extended 5 or more times or 2 the table is extended past a certain percentage of its max extents e g go critical when the table has exhausted 80 or more of its max extents The required Table Owner and Table Name fields contain a default value of that will match any table owner or name Fed Value Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port Table Owner Table Name Timeout Critical Maximum Allocated Bxtents Warning Maximum Allocated Extents Critical Maximum Available Extents Warning Maximum Available Extents Table C 60 Oracle Table Extents settings C 9 14 Oracle Tablespace Usage The Oracle Tablespace Usage probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following Appendix C Probes 177 metric e Available Space Used The percentage of available space in each tablespace that has been used Tablespace is the shared pool of space in which a set of tables live This probe alerts the user when the total amount of available space falls below the threshold Tablespace is measured in bytes so extents don t factor into it directly though each extension removes available space from the shared pool The required Tablespace Name field is case insensitive and contains a default value of that will match any table name Fie fae omes oo d
11. Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port Timeout 30 Warning Minimum Buffer Cache Hit Ratio o Critical Minimum Buffer Cache Hit Ratio Hoo Table C 51 Oracle Buffer Cache settings C 9 5 Oracle Client Connectivity The Oracle Client Connectivity probe determines if the database is up and capable of receiving con nections from the monitored system This probe opens an rhnmd connection to the system and issues asqlplus connect command to be run on the same monitored system The Expected DB name parameter is the expected value of V DATABASE NAME This value is case 172 Appendix C Probes insensitive A CRITICAL status is returned if this value is not found Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe For this probe to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files Fie vate Oracle Hostname or IP address fe JOretesipe G Oracle Usemame o o Oracle Passwort o o Expected DB Namet o o Timeow Timeout 30 Table C 52 Oracle Client Connectivity settings C 9 6 Oracle Data Dictionary Cache The Oracle Data Dictionary Cache probe computes the Data Dictionary Cache Hit Ratio so as to optimize the SHARED_POOL_SIZE in init ora It collects the following metrics Data Dictionary Hit Ratio The ratio of cache hits to cache lookup attempts in the data dictionary cache In other
12. Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Timeout Warning Minimum Virtual Memory Free Critical Minimum Virtual Memory Free PO Table C 29 Linux Virtual Memory settings Appendix C Probes 159 C 6 LogAgent The probes in this section monitor the log files on your systems You can use them to query logs for certain expressions and track the sizes of files For LogAgent probes to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files Note that data from the first run of these probes will not be measured against the thresholds to prevent spurious notifications caused by incomplete metric data Measurements will begin on the second run C 6 1 LogAgent Log Pattern Match The LogAgent Log Pattern Match probe uses regular expressions to match text located within the log file being monitored and collects the following metrics e Regular Expression Matches The number of matches that have occurred since the probe last ran e Regular Expression Match Rate The number of matches per minute since the probe last ran Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe For this probe to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files In addition to the name and location of the log file to be monitored you must provide a regular exp
13. Step 1 Review the Red Hat Privacy Statement Privacy Statement When it comes to your privacy our promise is simple Your personal information is yours not ours In fact we feel so strongly about it that we encourage you to read our complete privacy policy below so that you are comfortable with how any information you provide may be used We think our customers understand better than anyone else how Red Hat can most effectively serve their needs Because of this Red Hat makes every effort to allow our customers to define the relationship they will have with us We ask our customers how they would like Red Hat to communicate with them if at all We disclose how we will be using our customers information through documents like this one or by answering individual questions customers may ask Also we never sell our customers information or provide it to others without making it clear that we intend to do so at the time the information is collected If you have any questions about any of these practices please feel free to contact us at feedback redhat com Information Collected During Web Registration Our website s registration system requires you to give us some contact information like a user name and email address and SEPSA Y DAN ES E CERN TEE Be ler ct Q Back gt Forward Figure 2 4 Red Hat Privacy Statement 2 2 1 Registering a User Ac
14. Warning Maximum Round Trip Average Critical Maximum PacketLoss Appendix C Probes 167 Field Va Warning Maximum Packet Loss CE Table C 43 Network Services Remote Ping settings C 8 8 Network Services RPCService The Network Services RPCService probe tests the availability of remote procedure call RPC pro grams on a given IP address It collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the RPC server to answer a connection request RPC server programs which provide function calls via that RPC network register themselves in the RPC network by declaring a program ID and a program name NFS is an example of a service that works via the RPC mechanism Client programs that wish to use the resources of RPC server programs do so by asking the machine on which the server program resides to provide access to RPC functions within the RPC program number or program name These conversations can occur over either TCP or UDP but are almost always UDP This probe lets you test simple program availability You will need to specify the program name or program number and the protocol over which the conversation will occur plus the usual timeout Fed Natu Protocol TCP UDP udp Timeout Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Po Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency C Table C 44 Network Services RPCService settings C 8 9 Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS
15. You must be root to run the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool If you start the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool as a standard user you will be prompted to enter the root password before proceeding The Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool can be started by typing the command up2date config at a shell prompt for example an xterm or a gnome terminal 2 4 1 1 General Settings The General tab allows you to enable an HTTP Proxy Server If your network connection requires you to use an HTTP Proxy Server to make HTTP connections select the Enable HTTP Proxy option and type your proxy server in the text field with the format http HOST PORT For example to use the proxy server http squid mysite org on port 3128 you would enter http squid mysite org 3128 in the text field Additionally if your proxy server requires a username and password select the Use Authentication option and enter your username and password in the respective text fields General Retrieval Installation Package Exceptions Network Settings Select a Red Hat Network Server to use https www rhns redhat com XMLRPC If you need a HTTP proxy enter it here in the format HOST PORT e g squid mysite org 3128 Enable HTTP Proxy Use Authentication Username OK Cancel Figure 2 24 General Settings In addition RHN Proxy and Satellite customers have the option of sel
16. 3 enableProxy No 4 networkSetup Yes 5 httpProxy 6 proxyUser 7 serverURL https xmlrpc rhn redhat com XMLRPC 8 proxyPassword 9 debug No Enter number of item to edit lt return to exit q to quit without saving gt Enter the number of the item that you want to modify and enter a new value for the option When you finish changing your configuration press Enter to save your changes and exit Press q and then Enter to quit without saving your changes The most common options configured are enableProxy and httpProxy to enable a proxy server To enable a proxy server change the value for enableProxy to Yes and the value of httpProxy to the name of the proxy server and port number in the format http HOST PORT For example to use the proxy server http squid mysite org on port 3128 you would change the value to http squid mysite org 3128 If you require a proxy username and password set enableProxyAuth to Yes to enable username password authentication for the proxy and set proxyUser and proxyPassword to the appropriate username and password for the proxy To bypass SSL in etc sysconfig rhn rhn_register change the protocol for serverURL from https to http 5 2 Starting the Red Hat Network Registration Client You must be root to register a system with RHN If you start the Red Hat Network Registration Client as a standard user you will be prompted to enter the root password before proceeding EB portant
17. Canna devel Canna devel 3 5b2 70 Canna devel 3 5b2 70 8 0 1 Canna ibs Canna ibs 3 5b2 70 Canna libs 3 5b2 70 8 0 1 fetchmail fetchmail 5 9 0 16 fetchmail 5 9 0 21 8 0 galeon galeon 1 2 5 6 galeon 1 2 6 0 8 0 ggv ggv 1 99 9 4 ggv 1 99 9 5 gv gv 3 5 8 18 Qv 3 5 8 19 httnd httnd 2040 httnd 20 4014 zi t gt Launch up2date X Close Figure 4 3 Available Updates 4 4 Applying Updates If the system is registered with RHN and entitled to a service offering you can apply the Errata Updates with the Red Hat Update Agent To launch the Red Hat Update Agent click on the applet and then click on the Launch up2date button You can also right click on the icon and select Launch up2date For more information on the Red Hat Update Agent refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 4 5 Launching the RHN Website The simplest way to obtain a comprehensive view of your system s status is to access the RHN web site This can be accomplished through the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool by right clicking on it and selecting RHN Website For more information on the RHN website refer to Section 6 1 Navigation 42 Chapter 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool redhat Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client Before you begin using Red Hat Network you need to create a username password and System Profile The Red Hat Network Registration Client walks you through this process waming On
18. Errata Alerts include a list of updated packages that are required to apply the Errata Update To apply Errata Updates to a system the system must be entitled You can apply all applicable Errata Updates to a system by clicking on Systems gt Systems in the top and left navigation bars Click on the name of an entitled system and click the Errata tab of the resulting System Details page When the Relevant Errata list appears click Select All then the Apply Errata button on the bottom right hand corner of the page Only those Errata that have not been scheduled or were scheduled and failed or canceled are listed Updates already pending are excluded from the list In addition Management and Provisioning users can apply Errata Updates using two other methods e To apply a specific Errata Update to one or more systems find the update within the Errata lists or by searching In the table click on the number of systems affected which will take you to the Affected Systems tab of the Errata Details page Then individually select the systems to be updated and click the Apply Errata button Double check the systems to be updated on the confirmation page then click the Confirm button To apply more than one Errata Update to one or more systems select the systems from a Systems list and click the Update List button Click the System Set Manager link in the left navigation bar then click the Systems tab After ensuring the appropriate systems are
19. METOO notifications The description of the action contained in the resulting email will default to the precise command entered by the user The reason listed will be a summary of the action such as email ack redirect by user domain com where user equals the sender of the email 7 3 4 Filtering Notifications Since notifications can be generated whenever a probe changes state simple changes in your network can result in a flood of notifications Although Red Hat recommends installing your own mail filters to appropriately route and flag these messages we also recognize the need to outright halt them To this end Red Hat Network offers the Silence All Notifications mechanism This checkbox can be found within the Monitoring category of the RHN website within the General Config page To temporarily filter or suspend all notifications generated by your Monitoring infrastructure select the Silence All Notifications checkbox and click Update Config To restore notifications uncheck the box and once again update your configuration 7 3 5 Deleting Notification Methods Theoretically removing notification methods should be as easy if not easier than creating them After all you must populate no fields to conduct the deletion and a button exists for this explicit purpose But existing relationships between methods and probes can complicate this process These steps walk you through it 1 Log into the RHN website as an Organization Admi
20. No metrics are collected by this probe which is designed to help track service level agreements SLAs Fie fae Usemame o G Password o i Table C 3 Apache Uptime settings C 3 BEA WebLogic 6 x and higher The probes in this section with the exception of JDBC Connection Pool can be configured to monitor the properties of any BEA WebLogic 6 x and higher server Administration or Managed running on a given host even in a clustered environment Monitoring of a cluster is achieved by sending all SNMP queries to the Administration Server of the domain and then querying its Managed Servers for individual data 144 Appendix C Probes In order to obtain this higher level of granularity the BEA Domain Admin Server parameter must be used to differentiate between the Administration Server receiving SNMP queries and the Managed Server undergoing the specified probe If the host to be probed is the Administration Server then the BEA Domain Admin Server parameter can be left blank and both the SNMP queries and the probe will be sent to it only If the host to be probed is a Managed Server then the IP address of the Administration Server should be provided in the BEA Domain Admin Server parameter and the Managed Server name should be included in the BEA Server Name parameter and appended to the end of the SNMP Community String field This causes the SNMP queries to be sent to the Administration Server host as is required but redirec
21. Program seiors iana ieii ii AREER 147 C 4 2 General Remote Program with Data ccceccseeseeceseeceseeeeseeaeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeaes 147 C 4 3 General SNMP Check 148 C 4 4 General TCP Check 149 C 4 5 General UDP Check 149 C 4 6 General Uptime SNMP 150 CoS LINUX eniin ay 150 Cely Linux CPU USA ZE ereta Ee E esI TERON 150 C 5 2 LiNuX DISK TO Throughput rir ian d ENER RA E 151 C 5 3 Linux Disk Usage 151 C25 2A Link Modes ior ienesis ssegeeseicaseiasaneeisa ivetaa E ERRE 152 C 5 5 Linux Interface Traffic rirnori erta ne e tE eR 152 C 5 6 Linux Load s s s 153 C 5 7 Linux Memory Usage 153 C 5 8 Linux Process Counts by State 154 C 5 9 Linux Process Count Total 154 C 5 10 Linux Process Health 155 C 5 11 Linux Process Running 156 C 5 12 Linux Swap Usage 156 C 5 13 Linux TCP Connections by State 157 C5 TAs Linux USTs eaer Siete teen TENE E RAEE E RTAS 158 C9 13 Linux Virtual Memory Ssi reee a E EE E EA aiii 158 C 6 LogAgent 159 C 6 1 LogAgent Log Pattern Matchs iisas aatan a ttii 159 C 6 2 LogAgent Log Size 160 C 7 MySQL 3 23 3 33 veces 161 C 7 1 MySQL Database Accessibility 161 C 7 2 MySQL Opened Tables 161 C 7 3 MySQL Open Tables 161 C 7 4 MySQL Query Rate 162 C 7 5 MySQL Threads Running c ccccesceseseeseseeecseeeeeeeseeeeneeseeeeseeeeaeeaeaeeaeeeeaeeees 162 C 8 Ne
22. Refer to Section 6 4 2 Systems for information on using the Systems pages The System Summary section of Your RHN page provides the following information Total Systems Number of total systems that you have registered for your organization Out of Date Systems Number of registered systems that have applicable Errata Alerts that have not been applied Unentitled Systems Number of systems that are not entitled Ungrouped Systems Each system may be a member of one or more groups The number of ungrouped systems refers to systems that are not yet members of any system group Inactive Systems Number of systems that have not checked into RHN for 24 hours or more Refer to Section 6 4 2 5 Inactive for details 62 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website The Action Summary section provides the following information about events scheduled in the past week Recently Failed Actions Number of scheduled actions that did not succeed Pending Actions Number of scheduled actions that have not yet been completed Recently Completed Actions Number of scheduled actions that succeeded The System Groups section gives you access to the groups of systems you establish Clicking on the links in this section takes you to the System Group Details pages Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group Details GJ for more information The Errata section lists all and relevant Errata Alerts You may toggle between All and
23. SSL Click the view kickstart link to see the actual kickstart configuration file converted to SSL generated by RHN In addition you may select lists of files here that will be preserved during the kickstart process These files typically configuration files and others that will remain relevant when the server is re deployed can be selected using the File Preservation Lists pulldown menu near the bottom of the page Refer to Section 6 4 10 10 Kickstart File Preservation to find out how create these lists To deselect a list hold the Ctrl key and click the list name with the mouse When done click the Update Kickstart button 90 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 10 4 2 Kickstart Details Options Collects the precise values to be applied against the kickstart process including bootloader type time zone root password and partition details Keep in mind the kickstart network configuration value here is used by the bootloader to determine the network configuration for the kickstart process unlike the network setting on the Advanced Options tab which is used to generate the kickstart configuration file The options passed to the bootloader are different from those needed by the Red Hat installation program to configure the system Remember you may include separate files in the Partition Details section of the profile if needed When done click the Update Kickstart button 6 4 10 4 3 Kickstart Details Advanced Opti
24. Specifying an optional port number will override the default port 25 It collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the SMTP server to answer a connection request Appendix C Probes 165 Fie fae SMTP Port Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency PO Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency oe Table C 40 Network Services Mail Transfer SMTP settings C 8 5 Network Services Ping The Network Services Ping probe determines if the RHN Server can ping the monitored system or a specified IP address It will also check the packet loss and compare the round trip average against the Warning and Critical threshold levels The required Packets to send value allows you to control how many ICMP ECHO packets are sent to the system This probe collects the following metrics Round Trip Average The time it takes in milliseconds for the ICMP ECHO packet to go to and from the monitored system Packet Loss The percent of data lost in transit Although optional the IP Address field can be instrumental in collecting metrics for systems that have multiple IP addresses For instance if the system is configured with multiple virtual IP addresses or uses Network Address Translation NAT to support internal and external IP addresses this option may be used to check a secondary IP address rather than the primary address associated with the hostname Note that this probe conducts the pi
25. click the Cancel button 6 6 2 Channel Entitlements The Channel Entitlements page displays the list of channels for which you have paid Click the number of systems subscribed to see a list of systems tied to the corresponding channel 6 6 3 Easy ISOs The Easy ISOs pages provide direct access to the ISO images available to you These images com prising full installations of various Red Hat operating system distributions are actually located within the Downloads tab of the Channel Details page This feature is available only to paid RHN sub scribers To download an ISO image Red Hat recommends copying its URL and using either curl or wget Click the help on using curl or wget link for precise instructions To obtain the URL right click on the disc link and select to open the link in a new window or tab You may then cancel the download copy the lengthy URL from the location bar and paste it into the curl or wget command Once downloaded either burn the images to CD Rs or CD RWs or copy them to the machine for direct installation Refer to http www redhat com download howto_download html for additional download instructions and steps to burn images to discs Refer to the operating system s respective installation guide for instructions on installing from CD ROM or hard drive available at http www redhat com docs ISOs can be further broken down by their relevance to your systems Two such lists emerge Relevant and All 6
26. either upload or create a configuration file through the Configuration Channel Details page Then open its Configuration File Details page and include the supported macros of your choosing Ensure the delimiters used to offset your variables match those set in the Macro Start Delimiter and Macro End Delimiter fields and do not conflict with other characters in the file The delimiters must be two characters and cannot contain the percent symbol As an example you may have a file applicable to all of your servers that differs only in IP address and hostname Rather than manage a separate configuration file for each server you may create a single file say server conf with the IP address and hostname macros included like so hostname rhn system hostname ip_address rhn system net_interface ip_address eth0 Upon delivery of the file to individual systems whether through a scheduled action in the RHN web site or at the command line with the Red Hat Network Configuration Client chncfg client Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 109 the variables will be substituted with the actual hostname and IP address of the system as recorded in RHN s System Profile such as hostname test example domain com ip_address 177 18 54 7 To capture custom system information insert the key label into the custom information macro rhn system custom_info For instance if you developed a key labeled asset you can add it to the custom info
27. following icons indicate the type of events listed here E Package Event F Errata Event Ss Preferences Event 76 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website H System Event 6 4 2 6 9 System Details Probes p Displays all of the probes monitoring the system You must be logged into an RHN Satellite Server with Monitoring enabled to see this tab The State column shows icons representing the status of each probe Refer to Section 6 9 Monitoring P for descriptions of these states The Status String column displays the last message received from the probe Clicking the probe description takes you to its Current State page To add a probe to the system click the create new probe link at the top right corner of the page and complete the fields on the following page Refer to Section 7 3 1 Creating Notification Methods for detailed instructions Once the probe has been added you must reconfigure your Monitoring infrastructure to recognize it Refer to Section 6 9 3 Scout Config Push for details After the probe has run its results become available on the Current State page Refer to Section 6 9 1 7 Current State for details 6 4 3 System Groups The System Groups page allows all RHN Management and Provisioning users to view the System Groups list Only System Group Administrators and Organization Administrators may perform the following additional tasks 1 Create system groups Refer to Section 6 4 3 1
28. 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 6 1 4 5 Software Channel Details Packages List of packages in the channel To download packages as a tar file select them and click the Down load Packages button at the bottom left corner of the page Clicking on a package name takes you to the Package Details page This page displays a set of tabs with information about the package in cluding which architectures it runs on the package size build date package dependencies the change log list of files in the package newer versions and which systems have the package installed From here you can download the packages as RPMs or SRPMs Refer to Section 6 6 5 3 Package Details for more information If you are looking for a specific package or a subset of packages you can use the package filter on the top of the list Entering a substring to search for will search all the packages in the list for the substring at the beginning in the middle or at the end of the package name For example typing ks in the filter might return all the ksconfig krb5 workstation and links The filter is case insensitive 6 6 1 4 6 Software Channel Details Subscribed Systems List of entitled systems subscribed to the channel The list displays system names base channels and their levels of entitlement Clicking on a system name takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information If it is a child channel
29. 6 3 1 Relevant ISOs The Relevant ISOs page is shown by default when you click Easy ISOs in the left navigation bar It displays a list of ISOs by channel now associated with your systems Links within this list go to the Downloads tab of the Channel Details page Refer to Section 6 6 3 Easy ISOs for instructions on use 6 6 3 2 All ISOs The All ISOs page can be retrieved by clicking All below Easy ISOs in the left navigation bar It works identically to the Relevant button with one exception It displays all ISOs available to you through Red Hat Network regardless of whether you have systems associated with the related chan nels Refer to Section 6 6 3 Easy ISOs for instructions on use 6 6 4 Package Search The Package Search page allows you to search through packages using various criteria You may search by name or name and summary within relevant or all channels or within specific architectures Type your keyword select the criterion to search by and click the Search button The results appear at the bottom of the page 102 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 6 5 Software Packages A software package is the smallest essential ingredient of any Red Hat Enterprise Linux system Pack ages commonly known as RPMs because of their oversight by RPM Package Manager are the pieces of software that when installed enable your system to operate Packages are grouped by channels to help you more easily determine which are applicable t
30. 6 3 3 System Details Packages Upgrade Displays a list of packages that have a new version available based on the package versions in the channels for the system Click on the latest package name to view its Package Details page To upgrade packages immediately select them and click the Upgrade Packages button To download the packages as a tar file select them and click the Download Packages button Refer to Section 6 6 5 2 Package Download for details 6 4 2 6 3 4 System Details Packages Install Enables you to install new packages on the system from the available channels Click on the package name to view its Package Details page To install packages select them and click the Install Selected Packages button 6 4 2 6 3 5 System Details Packages Verify Validates the packages installed on the system against its RPM database This is the equivalent of running rpm V Specifically this tab allows you to compare the metadata of the system s packages with information from the database such as MD5 sum filesize permissions owner group and file size and type To verify a package or packages select them and click the Verify Selected Packages button and then confirm this action Once finished you can view the results by selecting this action within the History subtab under Events 6 4 2 6 3 6 System Details Packages gt Profiles Gives you the ability to compare the packages on this system with the packages of s
31. Blocked Processes Critical Maximum Defunct Processes a Warning Maximum Defunct Processes Critical Maximum Stopped Processes Po Waring Maximum Stopped Processes Critical Maximum Sleeping Processes Po Warning Maximum Sleeping Processes Critical Maximum Child Processes PO Waring Maximum Child Processes Table C 22 Linux Process Counts by State settings Appendix C Probes 155 C 5 9 Linux Process Count Total The Linux Process Count Total probe monitors a system and collects the following metric e Process Count The total number of processes currently running on the system Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Timeout Critical Maximum Process Count el Warning Maximum Process Count Doo Table C 23 Linux Process Count Total settings C 5 10 Linux Process Health The Linux Process Health probe monitors user specified processes and collects the following metrics e CPU Usage The CPU usage rate for a given process in milliseconds per second This metric reports the t ime column of ps output which is the cumulative CPU time used by the process This makes the metric independent of probe interval allows sane thresholds to be set and generates usable graphs i e a sudden spike in CPU usage shows up as a spike in the graph e Child Process Groups The number of child processes spawned from the specifie
32. Creating Groups 2 Add systems to system groups Refer to Section 6 4 3 2 Adding and Removing Systems in Groups 3 Remove systems from system groups Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details 4 Assign system group permissions to users Refer to Section 6 8 Users As shown in Figure 6 4 the System Groups list displays all of your system groups Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 77 ps esi eae RED HAT NETWORK Lossen im turnerjh SIGN ouT Your RHN Systems Errata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems zif Q search 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear 28 System Groups create new group Filter by Group Name Go 1 2 of 2 0 selected S 2 E ad automated_test_group 0 comp pa Tr w 1 Use Group System Group Legend Update List Select All 1 2 of 2 0 selected GD Fuly Updated Work With Intersection Work With Union Q cial updates g Updates asal Figure 6 4 System Group List The System Groups list contains several columns for each group Select These checkboxes enable you to add systems in groups to the System Set Manager To select groups mark the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update button below the column All systems in the selected groups are added to the System Set Manager You can then use the System Set Manager to perform actions on them simultaneously To add only the systems in all se
33. Errata If you click the Errata tab on the top navigation bar the Errata category and links appear The pages in the Errata category allow you to track and manage Errata Updates If you want to receive an email when Errata Alerts are issued for your system go to Your RHN gt Your Preferences and select Receive email notifications Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 95 Red Hat releases Errata Alerts in three categories or types Security Alerts Bug Fix Alerts and Enhancement Alerts Each Errata Alert is comprised of a summary of the problem and the solution including the RPM packages required to fix the problem Icons are used to identify the three types of Errata Alerts Security Updates available update strongly recommended ka Bug Fix Updates available and recommended F Enhancement Updates available In addition to the pages described within this chapter you may view Errata by product line from the following location https rhn redhat com errata 6 5 1 Relevant Errata As shown in Figure 6 5 the Relevant Errata page displays a customized list of Errata Alerts that applies to your registered systems The list provides a summary of each Errata Alert including its type advisory synopsis systems affected and date updated ppi esis pni P Q RED HAT NETWORK Lossen m turmerjh SIGN out YourRHN Systems Enata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems zil Q Search 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED
34. HTTP By default up2date uses SSL only For this reason users should ensure their firewalls allow connections over port 443 To bypass SSL in etc sysconfig rhn up2date change the protocol for serverURL from https to http 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys In addition to the standard Red Hat Update Agent interface up2date offers a utility aimed at batch processing the registration of systems activation keys Each unique key can be used to register Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems entitle them to an RHN service level and subscribe them to specific channels and system groups all in one action Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 35 Thus channel and group subscriptions can be automated along with registration thereby bypassing entitlement and registration through either the Red Hat Network Registration Client or the Red Hat Update Agent both of which offer the activation keys utility rnnreg_ks as part of their packages Note Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 need version 2 9 3 1 or higher of the rhn_register package It is highly recommended you obtain the latest version before using activation keys Before using an activation key you must first generate one through the RHN website Refer to Section 6 4 7 Activation Keys ey for precise steps To use an activation key as root from a shell prompt on the system to be registered run the rhnreg_ks command followed by the key For example rhnreg_ks activation
35. If your username is part of a larger organizational account you should take caution when registering your systems By default all systems registered with the Red Hat Network Registration Client end up in the Ungrouped section of systems visible only to Organization Administrators To ensure you re tain management of these systems Red Hat recommends your organization create an activation key associated with a specific system group and grant you permissions to that group You may then reg ister your systems using that activation key and find those System Profiles within RHN immediately Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions To start the Red Hat Network Registration Client use one of the following methods 1 On the GNOME desktop go to the Main Menu Button on the Panel gt Programs gt System gt Red Hat Network 2 On the KDE desktop go to the Main Menu Button on the Panel gt System gt Red Hat Network Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 45 3 Type the command rhn_register at a shell prompt for example an XTerm or GNOME terminal 4 If you are not running the X Window System type the command rhn_register at a virtual console or remote terminal Refer to Section 5 7 Text Mode RHN Registration Client for further details O caution You must use Python 1 5 2 24 or later with Secure Sockets Layer SSL support If not the infor mation you transfer will not be encrypted If you
36. Information section at the bottom of the screen click the name of the package Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 21 Packages Flagged to be Skipped CO Select all packages Package Name Version Rel Arch Size Reason Skipped LEGTE 2 4 18 19 8 0 i686 13322 kE Pkg name pattern CO kernel BOOT 2 4 18 19 8 0 i386 6144 kB Pkg name pattern O kernel bigmem 2 4 18 19 8 0 i686 13818 kE Pkg name pattern iO kemel debug 2 4 18 19 8 0 i686 13581 kE Pkg name pattern CO kemel doc 2 4 18 19 8 0 i386 1756 kB Pkg name pattern CI kemel smp 2 4 18 19 8 0 i686 13836 kE Pkg name pattern Ly Package Information View Advisory The Linux kernel the core of the Linux operating system gt he kernel package contains the Linux kernel vmlinuz the core of the Red Hat Linux operating system The kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system memory allocation process allocation device input and output etc According to your preferences you have chosen not to automatically update the above packages If you would like to override your settings and include one of the above packages in the list of packages to retrieve select its checkbox amp Cancel Back k Figure 2 17 Packages Flagged to be Skipped If you want to view the advisory for the RPM Alert click the View Advisory button This will display what type of Errata Alert it is and what problem s it addresses a
37. Installation Guide for details 7 3 1 Creating Notification Methods Notifications are sent to a notification method in essence an email or pager address associated with a specific RHN user Although the address is tied to a particular user account it may serve multiple administrators through an alias or mailing list And each user account can contain multiple notification methods To create a notification method Log into the RHN website as either an Organization Administrator or Monitoring Administrator 2 Navigate to the User Details gt Notification Methods tab and click create new method 3 Enter an intuitive descriptive label for the method name such as DBA day email provide the correct email or pager address Remember the labels for all notification methods will be available in a single list during probe creation so they should be unique to your organization 4 Select the checkbox if you desire abbreviated messages to be sent to the pager This shorter format contains only the probe state system hostname probe name time of message and Send ID The standard longer format displays additional message headers system and probe details and instructions for response 5 When finished click Create Method The new method shows up in the User Details gt Noti fication Methods tab and the Notification page under the top Monitoring category Click its name to edit or delete it Chapter 7 Monitoring 123 6 While add
38. Manage Clear WA Errata Relevant to Your Systems p Relevant 1 24 of 24 F RHEA 2004 590 Updated tzdata package 6 2004 11 01 Errata Legend F RHEA 2004 526 Updated vim packages 6 2004 10 27 Security RHSA 2004 592 a xpdf package fixes security 2 2004 10 22 Bowe RHSA 2004 577 Updated libtiff packages 6 2004 10 21 F Enhancement RHSA 2004 537 Pek sama packages fix image 4 2004 10 21 paryow Q RHSA 2004 543 ee CUPS packages fix security 6 2004 10 20 yee RHsA 2004 604 e C a 2 2004 10 20 F RHEA 2004 468 Updated sysreport package 6 2004 10 19 e RHBA 2004 506 Updated sysstat package a 2004 10 19 RHBA 200 503 Updated kudzu packages 6 2004 10 19 RHSA 2004 591 neo haditage fixes 4 2004 10 19 i Figure 6 5 Errata List Clicking on the Advisory takes you to the Details tab of the Errata Details page Clicking on the number of associated systems takes you to the Affected Systems tab of the Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 96 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 5 2 All Errata The All Errata page displays a list of all Errata Alerts released by Red Hat It works much the same as the Relevant Errata page in that clicking either the Advisory or the number of systems affected takes you to related tabs of the Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 5 2 1 Apply Errata Updates
39. MaxRequest sPerChild setting The ExtendedStatus directive in the httpd conf file of the Web server must be set to On for this probe to function properly Fie ae Usemame o i Critical Maximum Megabytes Transferred Per Slot Warning Maximum Megabytes Transferred Per Slot Table C 1 Apache Processes settings Warning Maximum Megabytes Transferred Per Child C 2 2 Apache Traffic The Apache Traffic probe monitors the requests on an Apache HTTP Server and collects the follow ing metrics Current Requests The number of requests being processed by the server at probe runtime Request Rate The events per second of accesses to the server since the probe last ran Traffic The kilobytes per second of traffic the server has processed since the probe last ran The ExtendedStatus directive in the httpd conf file of the Web server must be set to On for this probe to function properly Appendix C Probes 143 NOCpulse ApacheUptime 1 0 fUsemame o G A 0 5 pO Critical Maximum Current Requests number Warning Maximum Current Requests umbe o Critical Maximum Request Rate events per second o Warning Maximum Request Rate events per second O Critical Maximum Traffic kilobytes per second o Warning Maximum Traffic kilobytes per second Table C 2 Apache Traffic settings C 2 3 Apache Uptime The Apache Uptime stores the cumulative time since the Web server was last started
40. Oracle Usemame o o Oracle Passwort o o Oracle Port o Tablespace Namet o Timeo o Oracle Port 1521 Tablespace Name Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Available Space Used Po Warning Maximum Available Space Used o Table C 61 Oracle Tablespace Usage settings C 9 15 Oracle TNS Ping The Oracle TNS Ping determines if an Oracle listener is alive and collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the Oracle server to answer a connection request Field see sd TNS Listener Port 1521 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Po Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Table C 62 Oracle TNS Ping settings C 10 RHN Satellite Server The probes in this section may be applied to the RHN Satellite Server itself to monitor its health and performance Since these probes run locally no specific application or transport protocols are required 178 Appendix C Probes C 10 1 RHN Satellite Server Disk Space The RHN Satellite Server Disk Space probe monitors the free disk space on a Satellite and collects the following metrics File System Used The percent of the current filesystem now in use Space Used The file size used by the current filesystem Space Available The file size available to the current filesystem Fie fae Critical Maximum File System Used Warning Maximum File System Used Critical Maximum Space Used Warning Maximu
41. P EAT E EA 6 8 Users ee IEE OE A E ces cals te dae un ta esa REEE IEEE EEA 6 8 1 User ROLES vii css E Eaei oE EES EEE EaR AEE S EA LECEN E EEKE e aE EE 112 6 8 2 User Li NA Sea e IN ia aT a e Gy ut E A e E a 112 6 9 Monitoring E E I EE RAEO 115 6 9 1 Probe Statis WE esorare tin ETE E aiT iiNet TENE E TEMES tk 115 6 9 2 Notification GRR o ien ror aE raoa NENE E oE EASE EASTEN SEE ETS 118 6 9 3 Scout Config Push Gai once es eens cscsescssseteeessesenseeeaeeeseees 118 7 MOMILOLING s sccsssersesssssescesesesssscescssessseseesesesssesessssessssseseasesesesessasesssesnssssesesssssasesesessssasessseses 119 Tle PLETE QUISIUES 2 5 5c554 seoscdavetises ccsebdevsceshataugvessevetsos vaansicesssdea aides ss NEEE se aiees satis eas volte 119 7 2 Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd 119 7 2 1 Probes requiring the daemon eseeeseeeeeeeeee 120 7 2 2 Installing the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon 120 7 2 3 Configuring SSH i ra EAA 121 7 2 4 Installing the SSH key 121 Te INOUMCALIONS Ses Pisces TES E TEE OLEE AO E EN TE 122 7 3 1 Creating Notification Methods c ceccscsesseseeseeeeeseneeeeeseeeeseeeeseeeeeeeseeeeaeeees 122 7 3 2 Receiving Notifications 123 7 3 3 Redirecting Notifications asen an aero e E EE EER E 123 To As Filtering NotfCationS ereo eunate ann aaa a iaaa 124 7 3 5 Deleting Notification Methods 124 TAs PLODES i iE E T EEA TNN E E AAA T 124 TAN Managing P
42. Port Timeout Table C 49 Oracle Availability settings C 9 3 Oracle Blocking Sessions The Oracle Blocking Sessions probe monitors an Oracle instance and collects the following metric Blocking Sessions The number of sessions preventing other sessions from committing changes to the Oracle database as determined by the required Time Blocking value provided by you Only those sessions that have been blocking for this duration which is measured in seconds will be counted as blocking sessions Appendix C Probes 171 Fie fae Orcs o G Oracle Usemames o l Oracle Passwort o o Time Blocking seconds Timeo o o Timeout Critical Maximum Blocking Sessions Meo Waring Maximum Blocking Session PS Table C 50 Oracle Blocking Sessions settings C 9 4 Oracle Buffer Cache The Oracle Buffer Cache probe computes the Buffer Cache Hit Ratio so as to optimize the system global area SGA Database Buffer Cache size It collects the following metrics e Db Block Gets The number of blocks accessed via single block gets not through the consistent get mechanism e Consistent Gets The number of accesses made to the block buffer to retrieve data in a consistent mode Physical Reads The cumulative number of blocks read from disk e Buffer Cache Hit Ratio The rate the database goes to the buffer instead of the hard disk to retrieve data A low ratio suggests more RAM should be added to the system
43. Removing a File from a Channel A 2 10 Deleting a Config Channel A 2 11 Determining the Number of File Revisions se ssssssssesssseisrssrsreseresrerreess 134 A 2 12 Updating a File in a Channel A 2 13 Uploading Multiple Files at Once B RHIN API ACCESS scscsssssscecsssssssvsssrssssssvssesesssssessssasesssesssssssssssscesssessessssssesesssuasasesssesessesesssesee B 1 Using the auth Class and Getting the Session 137 B 2 Obtaining the systeM_id eee 137 B 3 Determining the sid 137 Bia Viewing the Cid sancti eh AR NEEN E N RE vans 137 BD Getting the seid ipa e R EAT R T seats foe 138 B 6 Sample ARUScript asara e otters AAEN E ARRE R ETR E 138 Co PODES ETEA TET A E ETET A E 141 C 1 Probe guidelines sn rciiere nin RR TE E eatae iar iata en 141 C 2 Apache 1 3 x and 2 0 x 141 C 2 1 Apache Processes 142 C 2 2 Apache Traffic 142 C 2 3 Apache Uptime 143 C 3 BEA WebLogic 6 x and higher 143 C 3 1 BEA WebLogic Execute QUeUue ce ececsceseeeseseeseteeseeeseeeesseeeseeaeeeeseeeeaeeaes 144 C32 BEA Weblogic Heap Freciu i Soe RORE ER 144 C 3 3 BEA WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool 145 C 3 4 BEA WebLogic Server State cece cece csesecsesescseseeeeeserseseeeeeeseaeees 146 C 3 5 BEA WebLogic Servlets wiceedesstayssvisssesetsassestesdsdccnennseveediscivenateueseitdseses 146 C 4 General 147 C 4 1 Gerieral Remote
44. Section 6 4 2 6 System Details To download individual RPMs and SRPMs through the Channels category follow these steps 1 Select Channels gt Software Channels from the top and left navigation bars 2 Click on the name of the channel that contains the package to be downloaded 3 On the Software Channel Details page click on the Packages tab 4 Click on the name of the package that you want to download 5 On the Package Details page click the Download RPM or Download SRPM link on the bottom right hand corner 6 Confirm the action The next step is to install the packages manually Refer to Section 2 3 5 2 Manual Package Installation for details Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 103 6 6 5 3 Package Details If you click on the name of any package in the website the Package Details page will appear This page contains the following tabs 6 6 5 3 1 Package Details Details Details about the package including subtabs for overview dependencies change log and file list 6 6 5 3 1 1 Package Details Details Overview A summary of the package including the package description size and version This information is similar to issuing the command rpm qi packagename but with more detail Click the links in the bottom right hand corner of the page to download the RPM and or SRPM files for the package 6 6 5 3 1 2 Package Details Details Dependencies A list of all other packages that must also be installed o
45. User List to make system and group assignments Refer to Section 6 8 2 2 User Details for more information waming Be careful when creating users because no interface exists for their deletion Unless you are an RHN Satellite Server customer you must contact Customer Service to have user accounts disabled Go to the Contact RHN page at https rhn redhat com help contact pxt select the Customer Service radio button and enter your request containing the username to be removed and the overall account affected in the text fields before clicking Send RHN Satellite Server customers may use the button on the User Details page 6 8 2 2 User Details Clicking on a username displays the User Details page for the individual This page is divided into the following tabs 114 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 8 2 2 1 User Details Details The username first name last name email address and user roles for the user All of this information is modifiable To do so make your changes and click the Update button Remember when changing a user s password you will see only asterisks as you type the password While it is possible for one Organization Administrator to remove Organization Administrator rights from another user it is impossible to remove Organization Administrator rights from the sole re maining Organization Administrator It is possible to remove your own Organization Administrator privileges so long as you
46. and lists the channels it affects Clicking on a channel name displays the Packages tab of the Channel Details page Refer to Section 6 6 1 4 Software Channel Details for more information 6 5 2 2 2 Errata Details Packages Provides links to each of the updated RPMs broken down by channel Clicking on the name of a pack age displays its Package Details page Refer to Section 6 6 5 3 Package Details for more information 6 5 2 2 3 Errata Details Affected Systems Lists systems affected by the Errata Alert You can apply updates here See Section 6 5 2 1 Apply Errata Updates Clicking on the name of a system takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information To help users determine whether an update has been scheduled a Status column exists within the affected systems table Possible values are None Pending Picked Up Completed and Failed This column identifies only the latest action related to an Errata For instance if an action fails and you reschedule it this column will show the status of the Errata as Pending only with no mention of the previous failure Clicking a status other than None takes you to the Action Details page This column corresponds to one on the Errata tab of the System Details page 6 5 3 Advanced Search The Advanced Search page allows you to search through Errata according to specific criteria such as summary advisory and package name Type your keywor
47. at one time for lists such as system lists and system group lists set your time zone and identify your contact options Purchase History View a history of your entitlements including the expiration date and the number available Help Learn how to use Red Hat Network and receive support if needed Systems Manage your systems here Overview View a summary of your systems or system groups showing how many Errata Alerts each system has and which systems are entitled Systems Select and view subsets of your systems by specific criteria such as Out of Date Unentitled Ungrouped and Inactive System Groups List your system groups Create additional groups System Set Manager Perform actions on currently selected systems System Entitlements Change the entitlement levels of systems Advanced Search Quickly search all of your systems by specific criteria such as name hardware devices system info networking packages and location Activation Keys Generate an activation key for an RHN entitled system This activa tion key can be used to grant a specified level of entitlement or group membership to a newly registered system with the rnnreg_ks command Stored Profiles View system profiles used to provision systems Custom System Info Create and edit system information keys containing completely customizable values that can be assigned while provisioning s
48. but you are also given the information necessary to conduct capacity planning and event correlation For instance the results of a probe recording CPU usage across systems would prove invaluable in balancing loads on those systems Monitoring entails optionally establishing notification methods installing probes on systems regu larly reviewing the status of all probes and generating reports displaying historical data for a system or service This chapter seeks to identify common tasks associated with the Monitoring entitlement Remember virtually all changes affecting your Monitoring infrastructure must be finalized by updat ing your configuration through the Scout Config Push page 7 1 Prerequisites Before attempting to implement RHN Monitoring within your infrastructure ensure you have all of the necessary tools in place At a minimum you need Monitoring entitlements These entitlements are required for all systems to be monitored and are currently bundled with Provisioning entitlements Monitoring is supported only on Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems Entitlements may be obtained through the Buy Now links on the RHN website RHN Satellite Server with Monitoring Monitoring systems must be connected to a Satellite with a base operating system of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 3 Update 3 or later only Refer to the RHN Satellite Server Installation Guide within Help for installation instructions Contact a Red Hat sales repre
49. channels that contain packages not suitable for the system For example a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 system cannot be subscribed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 channel The unique Digital Certificate for the system is generated on the system in etc sysconfig rhn systemid When using activation keys to assign channels a couple of rules should be kept in mind 36 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent A key may specify either zero or one base channel If specified it must be a custom base channel If not the base channel corresponding to the system s Red Hat distribution will be chosen For instance you may not take a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 system and subscribe it to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 channel A key may specify any number of child channels For each child channel subscription is attempted If the child channel matches the system s base channel subscription succeeds If it does not the subscription fails silently Refer to Section 6 6 Channels for more information Keys may be modified by any user with the role of Activation Key Administrator or Organization Administrator or both These permissions are set through the Users tab of the RHN website Refer to Section 6 8 Users 3a for details Systems registered by activation keys are tied to the organization or overall account in which the key was created not the key itself After registration a key can be safely deleted without any effect on the systems it
50. click Update Address 6 3 1 2 Change Email The email address listed in the Your Account page is the address Red Hat Network sends email notifications to if you select to receive Errata Alerts or daily summaries for your systems on the Your Preferences page To change your preferred email address click Change Email in the left navigation bar You will then be asked for the new email address Enter it and click the Update button A confirmation email will be sent to the new email address responding to the confirmation email will validate the new email address Note that false email addresses such as those ending in localhost are filtered and rejected 6 3 1 3 Account Deactivation The Account Deactivation page provides a means to cancel your Red Hat Network service It presents steps for manual deactivation or instructions for contacting Customer Service depending on your level of service Deactivation of the account should occur within one business week Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 63 6 3 2 Your Preferences The Your Preferences page allows you to configure Red Hat Network options including Email Notifications Determine whether you want to receive email every time an Errata Alert is applicable to one or more systems in your RHN account Important This setting also enables Management and Provisioning customers to receive a daily summary of system events These include actions affecting packages such as schedul
51. config channels in the same order In the first two cases if any of the newly ranked config channels is already in a system s existing con fig channel list the duplicate channel is removed and re added according to the new rank effectively reordering the system s existing channels When such conflicts exist you re presented with a confir mation page to ensure the intended action is correct When the change has taken place a message appears at the top of the page indicating the update was successful 6 4 4 6 2 2 System Set Manager Channels Config Channels Deploy Use this subtab to distribute configuration files from your central repository on RHN to the selected systems at once The table lists the configuration files associated with any of the selected systems Clicking its system count displays the systems already subscribed to the file To subscribe the selected systems to the available configuration files select the checkbox for each desired file When done click Deploy Configuration and schedule the action Note that the files deployed are of the latest version at the time of scheduling and do not account for versions that may appear before the action takes place 82 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 4 6 2 3 System Set Manager Channels Config Channels Diff B Use this subtab to validate configuration files on the selected systems against copies in your central repository on RHN The table lists the conf
52. deploy upload and diff 6 Hardware Profile Updates 7 Package List Profile Updates 8 Kickstart Initiation 9 Remote Commands Each page in the Schedule category represents an action status 110 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 7 1 Pending Actions As shown in Figure 6 7 the Pending Actions page is shown by default when you click Schedule in the top navigation bar It displays actions that have not started or are in progress Pease pna el Q RED HAT NETWORK Lossen m tumerjh sien our YourRHN Systems Erata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems i Q Search 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear Pending Actions BS Pending Actions k Failed Actions Completed Actions The fallowing actions have been scheduled and are awaiting execution by one or more systems Archived Actions Actions can only be archived by Org Admins or by the user who scheduled the action 1 31 of 31 0 selected BUY NOW r Extra Entitlements Priority Access Easy ISOs Auto Errata Update for Errata RHSA 2004 577 16 2004 11 01 10 20 09 EST 0 0 2 2 Updated libtiff packages Auto Errata Update for Errata RHSA 2004 537 11 M Updated 2004 11 01 10 14 09 EST ie 0 2 2 openmotif packages fix image vulnerability Auto Errata Update for Errata r RHSA 2004 592 07 Updated xpdf package fixes security flaws 2004 11 01 10 08 09 EST 0 0 2 2 Auto Errata Update fev
53. description To change this information click Edit Group Properties make your changes in the appropriate fields and click the Modify Details button 6 4 3 3 2 System Group Details Systems List of systems that are members of the system group Clicking links within the table takes you to corresponding tabs within the System Details page for the associated system To remove systems from the group select the appropriate checkboxes and click the Remove from group button on the bottom of the page Clicking it does not delete systems from RHN entirely This is done i System Set Manager or System Details pages Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager Section 6 4 2 6 System Details respectively or 6 4 3 3 3 System Group Details Target Systems Target Systems List of all systems in your organization This tab enables you to add systems to the specified system group Merely select the systems using the checkboxes to the left and click the Add Systems button on the bottom right hand corner of the page Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 79 6 4 3 3 4 System Group Details Errata B List of relevant Errata for systems in the system group Clicking the Advisory takes you to the Details tab of the Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information Click ing the Affected Systems number lists all of the systems addressed by the Errata To apply the Errata Updates in this list select the sy
54. file since the probe last ran Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe For this probe to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files Fie fae 20 Critical Maximum size o o Waring Maximum size ooo o Warning Minimum size o o Critical Minimum size o o Critical Maximum Output Rate Warning Maximum Output Rate Warning Minimum Output Rate ooo Critical Minimum Output Rate o Critical Maximum Lines o o Warning Maximum Lines o Warning MinimumLines o Critical Minimum Lines PO Critical Maximum Line Rate Warning Maximum Line Rae Warning MinimumLineRate Critical Minimum Line Rae PO Appendix C Probes 161 Table C 31 LogAgent Log Size settings C 7 MySQL 3 23 3 33 The probes in this section monitor aspects of the MySQL database using the mysqladmin binary No specific user privileges are needed for these probes Note that the mysql server package must be installed on the system conducting the monitoring for these probes to complete Refer to the MySQL Installation section of the RHN Satellite Server Installation Guide for instructions C 7 1 MySQL Database Accessibility The MySQL Database Accessibility probe tests connectivity through a database account that has no database privileges If no connection is made then a CRITICAL status results Fed Value Timeoot Timeout Table C
55. following metric RAM Free The amount of free random access memory RAM in megabytes on a system You can also include the reclaimable memory in this metric by entering yes or no in the Include reclaimable memory field 154 Appendix C Probes Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Fie fae Include reelaimable memory Warning Maximum RAM Free el Critical Maximum RAM Free o Table C 21 Linux Memory Usage settings C 5 8 Linux Process Counts by State The Linux Process Counts by State probe identifies the number of processes in the following states Blocked One that has been switched to the waiting queue and the state of the process has been switched to the waiting state Defunct One that has terminated either because it has been killed by a signal or because it has called exit and whose parent process has not yet received notification of its termination by executing some form of the wait system call Stopped One that has been stopped before its execution could be executed Sleeping One that is in the Interruptible sleep state that can later be reintroduced into memory and execution will resume where it left off Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Critical Maximum Blocked Processes Warning Maximum
56. for instructions on restarting and troubleshooting The system is behind a firewall that does not allow connections over https port 443 The system is behind an HTTP proxy server that has not been properly configured The system is connected to an RHN Proxy Server or RHN Satellite Server that has not been properly configured The system itself has not been properly configured perhaps pointing at the wrong RHN Server The system is not on the network Some other barrier exists between the system and the RHN Servers 68 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 2 6 System Details If you click on the name of a system on any page it will display the System Details page for the system From here you may modify this information or remove the system altogether by clicking the delete system link on the top right corner The System Details page is further divided into tabs 6 4 2 6 1 System Details Details Displays information about the system This is the first tab you see when you click on a system It offers direct access to some of the functionality provided in subsequent tabs For instance under the System Info heading a message should appear describing the status of this machine If it states Critical updates available you may click the update now link to apply all relevant Errata Updates to the individual system as you would under the Errata tab In addition some Management level functions can be accessed on
57. for your organization Monitoring Run probes and receive notifications regarding systems Probe Status View probes by state Notification View contact methods established for yor organization Scout Config Push Reconfigure your monitoring infrastructure Global Config Change organization wide monitoring settings 6 1 3 Errata Alert Icons Throughout Red Hat Network you will see three Errata Alert icons represents a Security Alert represents a Bug Fix Alert F represents an Enhancement Alert In the Your RHN page click on the Errata advisory to view details about the Erratum or click on the number of affected systems to see which are affected by the Errata Alert Both links take you to tabs of the Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 1 4 Quick Search In addition to the Advanced Search functionality offered within some categories the RHN website also offers a Quick Search tool near the top of each page To use it select the item type such as pack ages and type a keyword that will be used to look for a name match Then click the Search button Your results will appear at the bottom of the page Refer to the appropriate category for instructions on using these results 6 1 5 Systems Selected Also near the top of the page is a tool for keeping track of the systems you ve selected for use in the System Set Manager It identifies the
58. have an earlier version of Python you will see the message shown in Figure 5 2 To determine the version of Python on your system use the command rpm q python It is strongly recommended you use Python 1 5 2 24 or later Your system libraries do not support SSL secure connections Any data D that you send or receive from redhat com will be transmitted in the clear 9 Continue anyway eve Loe Figure 5 2 Use Python 1 5 2 24 or later If you have already registered your system and try to register it again the dialog box shown in Figure 5 3 will appear If you continue it will overwrite your existing Digital Certificate file etc sysconfig rhn systemid and you will create a different System Profile You will no longer be able to use your previous System Profile be sure this is what you want to do before you choose Yes If you overwrite an existing system registration you can delete the unused profile via the website at https rhn redhat com D This system appears to already be registered rs Continue anyway Qves Figure 5 3 Warning This System Already Registered The opening screen for the Red Hat Network Registration Client gives you a brief overview of the services available and the steps required to register see Figure 5 4 Click Next to continue with the registration process If you click Cancel the registration process will end and no information will be sent 46 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registrati
59. kernel the next time the system is rebooted To ensure you are running the latest version execute the command up2date up2date If you do not have the latest version installed this command will update it 2 1 Starting the Red Hat Update Agent If you are not running the X Window System or prefer the command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent skip to Section 2 3 5 Command Line Version You must be root to run the Red Hat Update Agent If you start it as a standard user you will be prompted to enter the root password before proceeding The Red Hat Update Agent can be started using one of the following methods For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 On the GNOME and KDE desktops go to the Main Menu Button on the Panel gt System Tools gt Red Hat Network Ata shell prompt for example an xterm or gnome terminal type the command up2date For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 On the GNOME desktop go to the Main Menu Button on the Panel gt Programs gt System gt Update Agent On the KDE desktop go to the Main Menu Button on the Panel gt Update Agent Ata shell prompt for example an xterm or gnome terminal type the command up2date 8 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent If you choose the last option and start the application from a shell prompt you can specify the options in Table 2 1 to the Red Hat Update Agent To view these options type the command up2date help For example use the following c
60. modify a note click on its subject in the list of notes make your changes and click the Update button To remove a note click on its subject in the list of notes and then click the delete note button 6 4 2 6 1 5 System Details Details Custom Info Completely customizable information about the system Unlike a note information included here is more formal and can be searched upon For instance you may decide to identify an asset tag for each system To do this you must first create an asset key within the Custom System Info page Refer to Section 6 4 9 Custom System Info gt for instructions Once the key exists you may assign a value to it by clicking create new value here Click the name of the key in the resulting list and enter a value for it in the Description field such as Example 456 Then click the Update Key button 6 4 2 6 1 6 System Details Details Reactivation A System Profile specific activation key This allows you to create an activation key encompassing this system s ID history groups and channels You may then use this key only once with the rnhnreg_ks command line utility to re register this system and regain all Red Hat Network settings Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions Unlike typical activation keys which are not associated with a specific system ID keys created here do not show up within the Activation Keys page waming When kickstarting a sy
61. moni tored system to execute this probe Fie ae Local IP address fiterpatermist Local port number fiter PO Remote IP address filter patema ist Remote port numberfiter o Critical Maximum Total Connections o Warning Maximum Total Connections o Critical Maximum TIME_WAIT Connections Oo Warning Maximum TIME_WAIT Connections o 158 Appendix C Probes fied ne Critical Maximum CLOSE_WAIT Connections Warning Maximum CLOSE_WAIT Connections o O Critical Maximum FIN_WAIT Connections o Warning Maximum FIN_WAIT Connections Critical Maximum ESTABLISHED Connections o Warning Maximum ESTABLISHED Connections Critical Maximum SYN_RCVD Connections o Warning Maximum SYN_RCVD Connections Table C 27 Linux TCP Connections by State settings C 5 14 Linux Users The Linux Users probe monitors the users of a system and reports the following metric Users The number of users currently logged in Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Fie vate Timeout Critical Maximum Users Warning Maximum Users Table C 28 Linux Users settings C 5 15 Linux Virtual Memory The Linux Virtual Memory probe monitors the total system memory and collects the following met ric e Virtual Memory The percent of total system memory random access memory RAM plus swap that is free
62. presented with a message indicating No time series data found for specified time period 6 9 2 Notification Identifies the contact methods that have been established for your organization These methods contain email or pager addresses designated to receive alerts from probes These methods are created within the Notification Methods tab of the User Details page To see this tab the user must first be granted the Monitoring Administrator or Organization Administrator role Clicking the name of the contact method opens it for editing Refer to Section 6 8 2 2 User Details 3a for instructions 6 9 3 Scout Config Push Displays the status of your monitoring infrastructure Anytime you make a change to your monitoring configuration such as adding a probe to a system or editing a probe s thresholds you must reconfigure your monitoring infrastructure Do this by selecting the RHN Server s checkbox and clicking Push Scout Configs The table on this page identifies the date and time of requested and completed pushes Clicking the name of the server opens its RHNMD SSH Public Key 6 9 4 General Config Collects information that is universally applicable to your Monitoring infrastructure The most impor tant option available on this page in times of crisis is the Silence All Notifications checkbox Selecting this will temporarily filter or suspend all notifications generated by your Monitoring infrastructure Uncheck the
63. r management platform for Linux It s built on open mares standards and uses a simple Internet based graphical interface It also features a modular design as networks grow administrators can add enhanced capabilities for system updates management and monitoring of their entire infrastructure Create Login Lost Login Password Red Hat currently features three Red Hat Network modules Update Easy software updates to your Red Hat systems e Management Increased management capabilities and scalability of your Linux deployment e Provisioning System snapshots integrated kickstarts configuration management and more azal a Figure 6 1 RHN Website If you have not registered a system yet or do not have a redhat com account create a new account by clicking Create Account After creating a new user account you must register your system before using RHN Refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for step by step instructions After registering your system with Red Hat Network go back to http rhn redhat com and complete the username and password fields with the same information established during registration Click the Sign In link near the top to display the fields if they are not already visible Once complete click the Sign In button 6 3 Your RHN After logging into the website of Red Hat Network the first page to appear is Your RHN This page contains important information about
64. ranges to be presented with this kickstart profile upon request Conflicts between IP address ranges will not be allowed unless one range is a subset of another in which case the kickstart associated with the smallest of the enclosing ranges will be presented Enter the range and click the Update IP ranges button New fields will appear allowing you to enter additional ranges 92 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 10 5 Kickstart Profiles Lists the kickstart profiles created by your organization Click a name to see the Kickstart Details page To enable inactive profiles select the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update Profiles 6 4 10 6 Kickstart IP Ranges Lists the IP addresses that have been associated with kickstart profiles created by your organization Click either the range or the profile name to access different tabs of the Kickstart Details page 6 4 10 7 Kickstart Sessions Lists kickstart processes underway Click the name of the system to obtain details about the kickstart session including its progress the action now taking place and the next to occur 6 4 10 8 Kickstart GPG and SSL Keys Lists keys and certificates available for inclusion in kickstart profiles and provides a means to create new ones This is especially important for customers of RHN Satellite Server or RHN Proxy Server because systems being kickstarted by them will need to have the server key imported into RHN and associated
65. see Figure 2 8 Step 3 Register a System Profile Hardware we A Profile Name is a descriptive name that you choose to identify this System Profile on Red Hat Network web pages Optionally include a computer serial or identification number Profile name jdoe example com Hardware information is important to determine what updated software and drivers are relevant to this system The minimum set of information you can include will contain your system s architecture and Red Hat Linux version Include information about hardware and network Included information Red Hat Linux version 8 0 You will be able to update your hardware profile or create new hardware profiles when you login to Red Hat Network at http www redhat com network amp Cancel Back gt Forward i Figure 2 8 System Profile Hardware Click Forward to continue with the registration process 2 2 2 2 Software System Profile The software System Profile consists of a list of RPM packages for which you wish to receive notifi cations The Red Hat Update Agent shows you a list of all RPM packages listed in the RPM database on your system and then allows you to customize the list by deselecting packages 2 2 2 2 1 Gathering RPM Database Information Only those packages you choose during this part of the registration will be included in your System Profile and you will receive notifications only about the p
66. should see output resembling Using config channel blah4 Uploading tmp ola_world txt from blah4 tmp ola_world txt 136 Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools redhat Appendix B RHN API Access In an effort to provide customers with added flexibility RHN makes an application programming interface API available This interface can be found by clicking Help at the top right corner of the RHN website then clicking API in the left navigation bar Or you may go directly to https rhn redhat com rpc api You should use this URL for your XMLRPC server as well as your browser waming This API should be considered experimental and used strictly for evaluation by advanced users Red Hat strongly discourages you from using this interface to alter production systems unless you are sure your changes will not result in errors The RHN API is based upon XML RPC which allows distinct pieces of software on disparate systems to make remote procedure calls using XML over HTTP For this reason any calls you make are expected to meet the constraints of XML RPC You can find out more at http www xmlrpc com Because the RHN API is self documenting and subject to change this section bypasses a list of classes and methods which can be found within the interface in favor of tips for using the API efficiently These include steps for determining required values and a sample script that makes some of the calls B 1 Using the auth
67. the Channels category Refer to Section 6 6 6 Manage Config Channels for channel creation instructions To manage the configuration of a system it must have the latest rhncfg packages installed and the configfiles directory and associated files created on it Refer to Section 6 6 6 1 Preparing Systems for Config Management for instructions Command line tools also exist for many of these functions Refer to Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools for instructions 6 4 4 6 2 1 System Set Manager Channels Config Channels Subscriptions B On this subtab available only to Configuration Administrators and Organization Administrators enter numbers in the Rank column to establish the order in which channels are used lowest first Channels not assigned a numeric value will not be associated with the systems Your local configuration channel will always override all other channels Once you ve established the rank of the config channels you must decide how they should be applied to the selected systems The three buttons below the channels reflect your options Clicking Add with Highest Rank places all the ranked channels before any channels already subscribed to by the systems Clicking Add with Lowest Rank places the ranked channels after channels subscribed to by the systems Clicking Re place Existing Config Channels removes any existing association and starts cleanly with the ranked channels leaving every system with the same
68. the user s ssh authorized_keys file 3 Identify the port used by the daemon as identified in its etc ssh sshd_config configura tion file The default is port 22 4 Install the SSH public key on all client systems to be monitored as described in Section 7 2 4 Installing the SSH key 5 Start the sshd on all client systems using the command service sshd start 6 When adding probes requiring the daemon insert the values derived from steps 2 and 3 in the RHNMD User and RHNMD Port fields 7 2 4 Installing the SSH key Whether you use rhnmd or sshd you must install the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon public SSH key on the systems to be monitored to complete the secure connection To install it 1 In the RHN website navigate to the Monitoring Scout Config Push page and click the name of the RHN Server that will monitor the client system The SSH id_dsa pub key is visible on the resulting page 2 Copy the character string beginning with ssh dss and ending with the hostname of the RHN Server 3 On the command line of the system to be monitored switch to the user aligned with the daemon This is accomplished for rhnmd with the command su nocpulse 4 Paste the key character string into the ssh authorized_keys file for the daemon s user For rhnmd this is opt nocpulse ssh authorized_keys 122 Chapter 7 Monitoring If config management is enabled on the systems to be monitored you may deploy this fi
69. them This sandbox provides you with an area to experiment with files without affecting systems To add files click the import new files link select an option for their addition from the dropdown menu and click Go Ensure you have the latest rhncfg packages The rest of the functions work like those on the Local Overrides subtab 6 4 2 6 5 System Details Groups Lists the system s associated groups and enables you to change these associations 6 4 2 6 5 1 System Details Groups List Remove B Lists groups to which the system belongs and enables you to cancel those associations Only System Group Administrators and Organization Administrators can remove the system from groups Non admins just see a Review this system s group membership page To remove the system from groups select the groups checkboxes and click the Leave Selected Groups button Click on a group s name to go to its System Group Details page Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group Details for more information 6 4 2 6 5 2 System Details Groups Join Lists groups that the system may be subscribed to Only System Group Administrators and Organiza tion Administrators can add the system to groups Non admins just see a Review this system s group membership page To add the system to groups select the groups checkboxes and click the Join Selected Groups button 74 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 2 6 6 System Details Sna
70. through Red Hat Network Errata Updates Immediately bring individual systems up to date with the click of a button Search Packages Search through the full repository of RPMs available to Red Hat Network users Search Errata Search through the collection of all errata ever released through Red Hat Network 1 2 Update The RHN Update service is ideal for a user with one Red Hat Enterprise Linux system or a small num ber of Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems to keep updated Subscription to Update can be purchased at http rhn redhat com purchase_info pxt With each Update subscription you receive the essential functionality provided to Demo users plus Easy ISOs For customers who have purchased subscriptions to Red Hat Network ISO images are available for immediate download Priority Access during periods of high load When Red Hat releases a large errata users with Priority Access can be guaranteed that they will be able to access the updated packages immediately RHN Support Access All paying customers of Red Hat Network receive web based support for their RHN questions Errata Notification Multiple Systems Subscriptions for multiple systems means Errata notifi cation for Errata to all of those systems Note that only one email is distributed per each Errata regardless of the number of systems affected Errata Updates Multiple Systems Get quick updates for multiple systems with a
71. username 47 with a proxy server 44 with activation key 85 RHN Satellite Server Disk Space 178 Execution Time 178 Interface Traffic 178 Latency 179 193 Load 179 Probe Count 179 probes 177 Process Counts 180 Process Health 181 Process Running 182 Processes 180 Swap 182 Users 182 RHN website 41 initial description 1 thn catalog troubleshooting with 126 rhn runprobe troubleshooting with 127 rhnreg_ks 85 rhnsd 37 rhn_register See Registration RHUA up2date complete description 7 S Schedule 109 Scheduled Actions Action Details 111 Actions List 110 Archived Actions 110 Completed Actions 110 Failed Actions 110 Pending Actions 110 Secure Sockets Layer 5 security overview 4 service levels Demo 2 Management 2 Monitoring 4 Provisioning 3 Update 2 Software Channel List Channel Details 99 Package Search 101 searching 101 software channels details 99 managers 99 subscribers 99 SSL expiration errors connection certificate verification 5 subscribe to channel 98 system group 76 194 adding and removing 78 creating 78 deleting 78 editing details 78 list of 76 viewing details 78 system group list status 77 System Groups assigning and removing 73 joining and leaving 73 System Group List 76 system list 66 System Profile 49 Custom Information 69 Notes 69 Reactivation 69 Updating hardware profile 69 Updating package list 30 70 Updating Pro
72. was used to register redhat Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon The Red Hat Network Daemon rhnsd periodically connects to Red Hat Network to check for up dates and notifications The daemon which runs in the background is typically started from the ini tialization scripts in etc init d rhnsd or etc rce d init d rhnsd OM Provisioning entitled systems served by an RHN Satellite Server may have actions immediately ini tiated or pushed to them Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 System Details gt Details for instructions on enabling this feature To check for updates rhnsd runs an external program called rhn_check located in usr sbin This is a small application that actually makes the network connection to RHN The Red Hat Network Daemon does not listen on any network ports or talk to the network directly All network activity is done via the rhn_check utility 3 1 Configuring The Red Hat Network Daemon can be configured by editing the etc sysconfig rhn rhnsd configuration file This is actually the configuration file the rhnsd initialization script uses The most important setting offered by the daemon is its check in frequency The default interval time is four hours 240 minutes If you modify the configuration file you must as root restart the daemon with the command service rhnsd restart or etc rc d init d rhnsd restart EB nportant The minimum time interval allowed is one hour 60 minutes If you set the interva
73. with the relevant kickstart profiles Import it by creating a new key here and then make the profile association in the GPG and SSL keys subtab of the Kickstart Details page To develop a new key certificate click create new cryptokey in the upper right corner of the page Enter a description select the type upload the file and click the Update Key button Note that a unique description is required 6 4 10 9 Kickstart gt Distributions Enables you to identify custom installation trees that may be used for kickstarting Satellite users should note that this does not display Red Hat distributions provided to them They can be found within the Distribution dropdown menu of the Kickstart Details page Before creating a distribu tion you will need to make an installation tree available as described in the Kickstart Installations chapter of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 System Administration Guide This tree will need to be located in a public directory on an HTTP or FTP server noran RHN Satellite Server users should note that channels imported with satellite sync are made available automatically and do not require the creation of a separate installation tree These trees are available to client systems that kickstart through the Satellite While you may be able to access the files from a non kickstarting client this functionality is not supported and may be removed at any time in the future To create a new distribution enter an in
74. words the rate the database goes to the dictionary instead of the hard disk to retrieve data A low ratio suggests more RAM should be added to the system Gets The number of blocks accessed via single block gets not through the consistent get mech anism Cache Misses The number of accesses made to the block buffer to retrieve data in a consistent mode Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port Timeout 30 Warming Minimum Data Dictionary HitRatio Critical Minimum Data Dictionary Hit Ratio eH Table C 53 Oracle Data Dictionary Cache settings Appendix C Probes 173 C 9 7 Oracle Disk Sort Ratio The Oracle Disk Sort Ratio probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following metric e Disk Sort Ratio The rate of Oracle sorts that were too large to be completed in memory and were instead sorted using a temporary segment Fed Of Natu Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Timeout Critical Maximum Disk Sort Ratio Ooo Waming Maximum Disk Sort Ratio B Table C 54 Oracle Disk Sort Ratio settings C 9 8 Oracle Idle Sessions The Oracle Idle Sessions probe monitors an Oracle instance and collects the following metric e Idle Sessions The number of Oracle sessions that are idle as determined by the required Time Idle value provided by you Only those sessions that have been idle for this duration which is measured in seconds will be counte
75. your systems including summaries of system status actions and Errata Alerts Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 61 If you are new to the RHN website it is recommended that you read Section 6 1 Navigation to become familiar with the layout and symbols used throughout the website pee pie Pn RED HAT NETWORK Losceo im tumerjh SIGN ouT g Your RHN Systems Erata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems Bail Q Search 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear Your RHN ea Your RHN Total systems 13 Recently failed actions 117 Out of date systems 6 Pending actions 31 Ungrouped systems 12 Recently completed actions 442 System Group Legend Inactive systems 13 Q Fully Updated ita updates automated_test_group o F updates fo 1 2 of 2 system groups displayed View All System Groups Errata Legend Security R 3 View All 9 Bug Fi F Updated tzdata package 6 G Enbeinairnaait F Updated vim packages 6 a Updated xpdf package fixes security flaws 2 BUY Now Updated libtiff packages 6 Extra E io p p g Priority Access ms Easy SOs Updated openmotif packages fix image vulnerability 4 Updated CUPS packages fix security issues 6 z E TAEST a EEE PR a vz ow ji 0 8 Figure 6 2 Your Red Hat Network The top of the page shows how many systems need attention provides a link to quickly view those systems and displays a summary of scheduled actions
76. 3 Disabling 3 4 Troubleshooting 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool cssssssssssssssssssssessessssssssesessssssssesssessssseesesesessees 39 4 1 Configuring the A pplet csere E ARREN 39 4 2 Notification Icons ra AS NIEWE Updates ccssxsencoeateccssusrndvotetessuiieau tesatenttunlphgSadh cecvespensveba acess itera iousscste wees dauneedeess 4 4 Applying Updates cisesscssssciscecsscasessasaccedsossyaiasdeuseseersdiveoscbsesconsuadsascs ER EEES SERA Eara e Saoi 41 4 5 Launching the RHN Website Al 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 43 5 1 Configuring the Red Hat Network Registration Client 5 2 Starting the Red Hat Network Registration Client 5 3 Registering a User Account 5 4 Registering a System Profile 5 4 1 Hardware System Profile 5 4 2 Software System Profile 5 5 Finishing Registration 5 6 Entitling Your System 5 7 Text Mode RHN Registration Client 0 0 00 ce cesesceseececeeseeceesescsesetenessessaseeeseeas 54 6 Red Hat Network Website ssssssssssssscsssssssscsesconssscesssessosscssssenssnceassscsecsessesseasencsassosssssenses 57 Gide Navigatlone ug 28 ieee e OEE E EAEE E R NARE weston 57 6 121 Entitlement Viewsinsssctiaiseteestssoesedaeedaastanosostnedeacsenssiooterdueodopbeovonenauaucaigancpuedectenas 57 6 1 2 Categories and Pages 6 1 3 Errata Alert Icons 59 6 lA Quick Search y cicecanesspesuncececassssbesesedcdsan
77. 32 MySQL Database Accessibility settings C 7 2 MySQL Opened Tables The MySQL Opened Tables probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the following metric Opened Tables The tables that have been opened since the server was started Fed Value Username Password MySQL Port Timeout Critical Maximum Opened Objects Warning Maximum Opened Objees o Warning Minimum Opened Objects o Critical Minimum Opened Objects o Table C 33 MySQL Opened Tables settings 162 Appendix C Probes C 7 3 MySQL Open Tables The MySQL Open Tables probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the following metric Open Tables The number of tables open when the probe runs Username MySQL Port Timeowt Table C 34 MySQL Open Tables settings C 7 4 MySQL Query Rate The MySQL Query Rate probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the following metric e Query Rate The average number of queries per second per database server Fie fae Usemame o G Password o G Critical Maximum Query Rate C o Waming Maximum Query Rate pO Warning Minimum Query Rate Critical Minimum Query Rate Table C 35 MySQL Query Rate settings C 7 5 MySQL Threads Running The MySQL Threads Running probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the following metric Threads Running The total number of running threads within the database Appendix C Probes 163 Fed 0 Vatu Usemame o G Password
78. 42 Network Services POP Mail settings C 8 7 Network Services Remote Ping The Network Services Remote Ping probe determines if the monitored system can ping a specified IP address It will also monitor the packet loss and compare the round trip average against the Warning and Critical threshold levels The required Packets to send value allows you to control how many ICMP ECHO packets are sent to the address This probe collects the following metrics Round Trip Average The time it takes in milliseconds for the ICMP ECHO packet to go to and from the IP address Packet Loss The percent of data lost in transit The IP Address field identifies the precise address to be pinged Unlike a similar field in the standard Ping probe that is optional this field is required because the monitored system will be conducting the ping rather than the RHN Server Leaving this field blank within the standard Ping probe tells RHN to ping the primary address of the monitored system Since the Remote Ping probe tests connectivity from the monitored system itself another IP address must be specified To conduct pings from the RHN Server to a system or IP address use the standard Ping probe instead Refer to Section C 8 5 Network Services Ping Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe ied ae O IP Address ES Timeout Critical Maximum Round Trip Average
79. 6 6 1 4 2 Software Channel Details Subscribers List of users who have subscription permissions to the channel This tab appears on two conditions First the logged in user must be an Organization Administrator or a Channel Administrator Sec ond the Globally Subscribable checkbox on the Details tab must be unchecked thereby making the channel subscribable by user On this tab select the checkboxes of the users to be allowed to sub scribe systems to this channel and click Update Note that Organization Administrators and Channel Administrators automatically have subscription access to all channels 6 6 1 4 3 Software Channel Details Managers List of users who have permission to manage the channel This tab is applicable only to RHN Proxy Server and RHN Satellite Server customers with custom channel management privileges It works much like the Subscribers tab but is available only for channels owned by the organization There is no Globally Managable flag like there is for subscription Being checked in the Managers tab for a 100 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website channel means that a user is a Channel Administrator but only for that channel He cannot create new channels or clone them 6 6 1 4 4 Software Channel Details Errata List of Errata affecting the channel The list displays advisory types names summaries and the dates issued Clicking on an advisory name takes you to its Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5
80. 6 7 5 1 Action Details If you click on the name of an action the Action Details page appears This page is broken down into the following tabs 6 7 5 1 1 Action Details Details General information about the action This is the first tab you see when you click on an action It displays the action type scheduling administrator earliest execution and notes Clicking the Errata Advisory takes you to the Errata Details page The Errata Advisory appears only if the action is an Errata Update Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 7 5 1 2 Action Details Completed Systems List of systems on which the action has been successfully undertaken Clicking a system name takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information 6 7 5 1 3 Action Details In Progress Systems List of systems on which the action is now being undertaken To cancel an action select the system using the appropriate checkbox and click the Unschedule Action button Clicking a system name takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information 6 7 5 1 4 Action Details Failed Systems List of systems on which the action has been attempted and failed The actions can be rescheduled here Clicking a system name takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information 6 8 Users Only Organization Administrator
81. 86 channel that contains version 2 5 4 of a package because that is the version that shipped with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 but the system has version 2 5 2 of the package installed the newer version of the package will be in the list of updated packages for the system EB wnportant If the RHN website identifies package updates for the system yet the Red Hat Update Agent responds with Your system is fully updated when run a conflict likely exists in the system s pack age profile or in the up2date configuration file To resolve the conflict either schedule a package list update or remove the packages from the Package Exceptions list for the Red Hat Update Agent Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details or Section 2 4 1 3 Package Exceptions Settings respectively for instructions Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 67 System The name of the system as configured when registering it The default name is the hostname of the system Clicking on the name of a system takes you to the System Details page for the system Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information Base Channel The primary channel for the system based upon its operating system distribution Refer to Section 6 6 1 Software Channels for more information Entitlement Whether or not the system is entitled and at what service level Links in the left navigation bar below Systems enable you to select and view predefined sets of your systems Al
82. Class and Getting the Session It is worth noting you will almost invariably use the auth class first This class offers a single method login Use this to establish an RHN session It requires values for three parameters username pass word and duration The first two come directly from your RHN account while the third is the length of time the session should last in seconds typically 1200 It will return a session string than can be used in all other methods B 2 Obtaining the system_id Many of the methods require a value for the system_id parameter This is the unique alphanumeric value assigned to each system when registered to RHN It can be found within the etc sysconfig rhn systemid file on the machine In addition you may use the download_system_id method within the system class to obtain the value B 3 Determining the sid Several methods require a value for the sid or server ID parameter Note that this is different from the system_id You may determine the sid of a machine in two different ways First you can log into the RHN website click the name of a system and view the sid at the end of the URL in the location bar It will be after the equal sign in something like index pxt sid 1003486534 Second you may use the list_user_systems method within the system class to obtain a list of systems available to the user that contains the associated sids 138 Appendix B RHN API Access B 4 Viewing the cid Like serve
83. LOBES sssccsscscescsessiacestectsessessceattec tase E 125 7 4 2 Establishing Thresholds 7 4 3 Monitoring the RHN Server 125 126 7 5 Troubleshooting e seeseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeerrsrsesersess 126 7 5 1 Examining Probes with rhn catalog 126 7 5 2 Viewing the output of rhn runprobe s sesseesesreressestsrstsrestsrtsrssereesesresesrese 127 A Command Line Config Management TOools sssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssssssseesesessseesesssesees 129 A 1 Red Hat Network Configuration Client cece cee eeeseseeeeseeneeeeee 129 Atl Listing Contig Filesize orenean ae e a pE A 1 2 Getting a Config File A 1 3 Viewing Config Channels A 1 4 Differentiating between Config Files s se ssssssesesssssrsrssrsssrssrsrssesessrsreererest 130 A 1 5 Verifying Config Files A A 2 Red Hat Network Configuration Manager sesessseesessersrisrsssrsrriersressssrerrereree A 2 1 Creating a Confie Chanhelssisscnenosiicsrei i eiieeii ii i A 2 2 Adding Files to a Config Channel A 2 3 Differentiating between Latest Config Files A 2 4 Differentiating between Various Versions A 2 5 Downloading All Files in a Channel A 2 6 Getting the Contents of a File A 2 7 Listing All Files in a Channel ccecscscsssecceseseeeeseeseseeseeeeaceeesceaeseeseeeeaeeees A 2 8 Listing All Config Channels ccccceecescsceseeseeseeeeecseecesceseeeseeeeseeaeseeaceeeaeeees A 2 9
84. Linux is divided into software packages Software updates are released in the form of RPM packages that can be installed on a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system Provisioning One of the RHN service level offerings It has more features than the Management service level including kickstarting reconfiguring tracking and reverting systems 186 Glossary R Registered System A system that is registered with Red Hat Network Also known as a client system Red Hat Network Daemon The RHN client daemon rhnsq that periodically polls Red Hat Network for scheduled actions Red Hat Network Registration Client The RHN client application rhn_register that collects information about the client system creates a System Profile and Digital Certificate establishes a connection with the Red Hat Network servers and registers the system with Red Hat Network Red Hat Update Agent The RHN client application up2date that allows users to retrieve and install all updated pack ages for the client system on which the application is run Use the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool to configure its preferences including whether to install the packages after they are downloaded RPM A software package manager that was developed by Red Hat It can be used to build install query verify update and uninstall software packages All software updates from RHN are de livered in RPM format RPM Database Each Red Hat Enterprise Linux system
85. Manager is run as root it attempts to pull in needed configuration values from the Red Hat Update Agent When run as something other than root you may have to make configuration changes within the rhncfgrc file The session file is cached in xrhncfg manager session to prevent logging in for every command The default timeout for the Red Hat Network Configuration Manager is 30 minutes To alter this add the server session_lifet ime option and new value to the etc rhn rhn conf file on the server running the manager like so server session_lifetime 120 The Red Hat Network Configuration Manager offers these primary modes add create channel diff diff revisions download channel get list list channels remove remove channel revisions up date and upload channel Each mode offers its own set of options which can be seen by issuing the command rhncfg manager mode help such as rhncfg manager diff revisions help You can see such a list of options for the add mode at Section A 2 2 1 Add Options A 2 1 Creating a Config Channel To create a config channel for your organization issue the command rhncfg manager create channel channel label If prompted for your RHN username and password provide them You should see output resembling Red Hat Network username rhn user Password Creating config channel channel label Config channel channel label created Once you ve created a config channel you have the remaini
86. NING thresholds Refer to Section 7 3 Notifications to find out how to create notification methods and acknowledge their messages 6 Use the RHNMD User and RHNMD Port fields if they appear to force the probe to commu nicate via sshd rather than the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon Refer to Section 7 2 3 Configuring SSH for details Otherwise accept the default values of nocpulse and 4545 respectively 7 If the Timeout field appears review the default value and adjust to meet your needs Most but not all timeouts result in an UNKNOWN state If the probe s metrics are time based ensure the timeout is not less than the time alloted to thresholds Otherwise the metrics serve no purpose as the probe will time out before any thresholds are crossed o0 Use the remaining fields to establish the probe s alert thresholds if applicable These CRIT ICAL and WARNING values determine at what point the probe has changed state Refer to Section 7 4 2 Establishing Thresholds for best practices regarding these thresholds 9 When finished click Create Probe Remember you must commit your Monitoring configura tion change on the Scout Config Push page for this to take effect To delete a probe navigate to its Current State page by clicking the name of the probe from the System Details Probes tab and click delete probe Then confirm the deletion 7 4 2 Establishing Thresholds Many of the probes offered by RHN contain alert thresh
87. PM packages to desired directory and ignore the installation preferences Do not upgrade packages when local configuration file has been modified if the configuration file has been modified for a package such as apache or squid do not attemp to upgrade it This option is useful if you are installing custom RPMs on your system and you do not want them updated or reverted to the default Red Hat Enterprise Linux packages Retrieve source RPM along with binary package download both the source src rpm and the binary architecture rpm files The following installation options are configurable see Figure 2 25 Use GPG to verify package integrity before installing the packages verify Red Hat s GPG signature highly recommended for security reasons After installation keep binary packages on disk save binary packages in desired directory instead of deleting them after installation The following additional options are configurable from this tab Override version stored in System Profile override the Red Hat Linux version in your System Profile Package storage directory change the directory where packages are downloaded the default location is var spool up2date Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 33 2 4 1 3 Package Exceptions Settings The Package Exceptions tab allows you to define which packages to exclude from the list of updated RPM packages according to the package name or file name see Fi
88. Red Hat Network 3 7 Reference Guide 3 redhat Red Hat Network 3 7 Reference Guide Copyright 2005 by Red Hat Inc Red Hat Inc 1801 Varsity Drive Raleigh NC 27606 2072 USA Phone 1 919 754 3700 Phone 888 733 4281 Fax 1 919 754 3701 PO Box 13588 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA RHNref EN 3 7 RHI 2005 03 16T 12 14 Copyright 2005 by Red Hat Inc This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License V1 0 or later the latest version is presently available at http www opencontent org openpub Distribution of substantively modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any standard paper book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder Red Hat and the Red Hat Shadow Man logo are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc in the United States and other countries All other trademarks referenced herein are the property of their respective owners The GPG fingerprint of the security redhat com key is CA 20 86 86 2B D6 9D FC 65 F6 EC C4 21 91 80 CD DB 42 A6 0E Table of Contents TIntrod cti n to the GUide sessescsarscccsevsadsascscsscsescecsesseestecencsassosvedsoovscsstsenssns ences dedeevasbseenevesyesteerdasectentens i Je DOCUMENE CONVENE onsena aa Sacte BERS ts b
89. Relevant by clicking the View All or View Relevant link at the top of the table This view is retained until you toggle it by again clicking the link Relevant Errata are those derived from software channels to which your systems are subscribed They refer to versions of packages that are newer than those installed on the systems To go to a complete list of applicable Errata Alerts for your systems stored in the Errata category click View All Relevant Errata in the bottom right hand corner You can return to this page by clicking Your RHN on the left navigation bar 6 3 1 Your Account The Your Account page allows you to modify your personal information such as name password and title To modify any of this information merely make the changes in the appropriate text fields and click the Update button in the bottom right hand corner Remember if you change your Red Hat Network password the one used to log into RHN and red hat com you will not see your new one as you type it for security reasons Also for security your password is represented by 12 asterisks no matter how many characters it actually contains Replace the asterisks in the Password and Password Confirmation text fields with your new password 6 3 1 1 Addresses The Addresses page allows you to manage your mailing billing and shipping addresses as well as the associated phone numbers Just click Edit this address below the address to be modified make the changes and
90. ST PORT e g squid mysite org 3128 C Enable HTTP Proxy Use Authentication Username Password OK Cancel Figure 2 1 Configure Proxy Server The second dialog box to appear will prompt you to install the Red Hat GPG key as shown in Figure 2 2 This key is used to verify the packages you download for security purposes Click Yes to install the key and you will not see this message again Your GPG keyring does not contain the Red Hat Inc public key Without it you will be unable to verify that packages Update Agent downloads are securely signed by Red Hat Your Update Agent options specify that you want to use GPG To install the key run the following as root rpm import ust share rhn RPM GPG KEY Install key yes Figure 2 2 Install GPG Key 2 2 Registration Before you begin using Red Hat Network you need to create a username password and System Profile Upon launch the Red Hat Update Agent senses whether these tasks have been accomplished Tf not it guides you through the registration process If you ever need to force the Red Hat Update Agent into registration mode say to re register an existing system you may do so by issuing the following command at a shell prompt up2date register 10 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Important If your username is part of a larger organizational account you should take caution when regis ter
91. TP server to answer a connection request 164 Appendix C Probes This probe supports authentication Provide a username and password in the appropriate fields to use this feature The optional Expect value is the string to be matched against after a successful connection is made to the FTP server If the expected string is not found the probe will return a CRITICAL state Fed Value Expect Username Password FTP Por Timeout 10 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Po Waring Maximum Remote Service Lateney Table C 38 Network Services FTP settings C 8 3 Network Services IMAP Mail The Network Services IMAP Mail probe determines if it can connect to the IMAP 4 service on the system Specifying an optional port will override the default port 143 It collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the IMAP server to answer a connection request The required Expect value is the string to be matched against after a successful connection is made to the IMAP server If the expected string is not found the probe will return a CRITICAL state Fed Value IMAP Port 143 Timeout Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency es Waring Maximum Remote Service Latency J Table C 39 Network Services IMAP Mail settings C 8 4 Network Services Mail Transfer SMTP The Network Services Mail Transfer SMTP probe determines if it can connect to the SMTP port on the system
92. ZY6vse4XmfJPGwgRAsHCAJ9ud9dabUcdscdcqB8AZP7e0Fua0NmKsdhQCeOWHX VsDTfen2NWdwwPaTM S Cow Ltp2 A 2 5 Downloading All Files in a Channel To download all the files in a channel to disk create a directory and issue the command rhncfg manager download channel channel label topdir You should see output resembling Copying tmp dest_path foo txt gt blah2 tmp dest_path foo txt A 2 6 Getting the Contents of a File To get the contents of a particular file to stdout issue the command rhncfg manager get channel channel label tmp dest_path foo txt You should see the contents of the file as output 134 Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools A 2 7 Listing All Files in a Channel To list all the files in a channel issue the command rhncfg manager list channel label You should see output resembling Files in config channel blah3 tmp dest_path foo txt A 2 8 Listing All Config Channels To list all of your organization s configuration channels issue the command rhncfg manager list channels You should see output resembling Available config channels blah blah2 blah3 config channel 14 config channel 17 Note that this does not list local_override or server_import channels A 2 9 Removing a File from a Channel To remove a file from a channel issue the command rhncfg manager remove channel channel label tmp dest_path foo txt If prompted for your RHN username and password pro
93. a about our systems and we capture the ID of the first system we find for future operations se SE OE GE SE HE my S systems S client gt call system list_user_systems Ssession for my S system systems print Dumper system print n nCapturing ID of system systems 0 gt name n n my S systemid systems 0 gt id This next call returns a list of packages present on this system The syntax of this call is described at http SHOST rpc api system list_packages Se Se SE SE SE HE This will probably be a pretty long list my Spackages Sclient gt call system list_packages session systemid for my Spackage packages print Dumper Spackage Additional system calls are described at http SHOST rpc api system 140 Appendix B RHN API Access redhat Appendix C Probes As described in Section 6 9 Monitoring P systems entitled with Monitoring can have probes applied against them to constantly confirm their health and full operability This appendix lists the available probes broken down by command group such as Apache Many probes that monitor internal aspects of your systems rather than externally facing components such as httpa require the installation of the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnma This requirement is noted within the individual probe reference Each probe has its own reference that identifies required fields marked with default va
94. a suapsdsaiaes PTIT REE ARTEEI E2912 Oracle sREGO 1 06 55536 sss ere A AOA ESAE AE a Ea AOTEA EIS C 9 13 Oracle Table Extents C 9 14 Oracle Tablespace Usage C 9 15 Oracle TNS Ping C 10 RHN Satellite Server C 10 1 RHN Satellite Server Disk Space 177 C 10 2 RHN Satellite Server Execution Time ccccccccccesseseesscseceseeeeeeeseeneeeeeeee 178 C 10 3 RHN Satellite Server Interface Traffic cccccccseeseesecssceeceseeseeseeseeneeseeees 178 C 10 4 RHN Satellite Server Latency C 10 5 RHN Satellite Server Load E S ct A EA AN A C 10 6 RHN Satellite Server Probe Count ccccccccseecescesceseeseesecseeeeeeeceseeseeseeees C 10 7 RHN Satellite Server Process Counts tess C 10 8 RHN Satellite Server Processes ccccscsscessesseeseesceseeseesecseeseeeeeeeeeceaeeseeees 180 C 10 9 RHN Satellite Server Process Health ccccccccsccseseessceecsseeeeeeeseeneeseeeee 181 C 10 10 RHN Satellite Server Process Running 182 C 10 11 RHN Satellite Server Swap 182 C 10 12 RHN Satellite Server Users redhat Welcome to the Red Hat Network 3 7 Reference Guide The RHN Reference Guide will guide you through registering your system with Red Hat Network and using its many features Introduction to the Guide Since Red Hat Network offers a variety of service levels from the most basic Update module to the most advanced Monitoring package some content of
95. ackages in your System Profile Therefore 16 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent you must include packages in your profile to have RHN send you Errata regarding them You should also note if you use an older version of a package and deselect it from the list it will not be replaced with a newer version This RPM list can be modified through the Red Hat Network Web interface or by using the Red Hat Update Agent Figure 2 9 shows the progress bar you will see while the Red Hat Update Agent gathers a list of the RPM packages installed on your system This operation may take some time depending on your system installation The Registration Wizard is building a list of RPM packages installed on your system Please wait eei Figure 2 9 Registration Wizard Once the RPM package list is built the list will be displayed as shown in Figure 2 10 Deselecting Include RPM Packages installed on this system in my System Profile will omit this information from your System Profile Step 3 Register a System Profile Packages RPM information is important to determine what updated software packages are relevant to this system lt Include RPM packages installed on this system in my System Profile Below is a list of packages present on your system that RPM knows about Package Name Version Release M 4Suite 0 11 1 10 M canna 3 5b2 70 M Canna devel 3 5b2 70 Z Canna ibs 3 5b2 70 ElectricF
96. al installation f force Force package installation This option temporarily overrides the file package and configuration skip lists Pop up in the center of the screen for Firstboot Fetch the package specified without resolving dependencies get source Fetch the source package specified without resolving dependencies Show the flags GPG will be invoked with such as the keyring Update this system s hardware profile on RHN i install Install packages after they are downloaded This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval Install all available packages Used with channel Only add packages to the database and do not install them k packagedir Specify a colon separated path of directories to look for packages in before trying to download them List packages relevant to the system Show the package rollbacks available Do not download packages at all This is useful in testing nosig Do not use GPG to check package signatures This option temporarily overrides the saved configuration option Do not download source packages SRPMs nox Do not attempt to run in X This launches the command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent Update packages associated with this System Profile Specify an HTTP proxy to use proxyPassword proxy Specify a password to use with an authenticated HTTP proxy password 28 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent proxyUse
97. al Name The full name of the user last name first Roles List of the user s privileges such as Organization Administrator Channel Administrator and normal user Users can have multiple roles Last Sign In Shows when the user last logged into RHN Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 113 Sean ie Pa Q RED HAT NETWORK Losseo im tumerjh SIGN OUT Your RHN Systems Erata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems Ball Q searen 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear Mee Users Overview create new user 1 40f4 Organization Administrator Turner 2004 11 02 10 58 39 PM turnerjh James Channel Administrator EST turnerjh nametest test name normal user tumerjhOl yx normal user 2005 07 28 12 08 18 PM EDT turnerjho2 td normal user 1 40f4 save a Figure 6 8 User List 6 8 2 1 Create User Click the create new user link on the top right corner of the page to add new users to the organization When registering a system a user account can be created and added to the organization as well This should be coordinated by the Organization Administrator Refer to Section 5 3 Registering a User Account for instructions On the Create User page complete all required fields including all login information Then click the Create Login button on the bottom right hand corner of the page Once the login is created you can click on the username in the
98. ale OE Ce Expect Ss Critical Maximum Lateney ines Warning Maximum Lateney i Table C 13 General UDP Check settings C 4 6 General Uptime SNMP The General Uptime SNMP probe records the time since the device was last started It uses the SNMP object identifier OID to obtain this value The only error status it will return is UNKNOWN Requirements SNMP must be running on the monitored system and access to the OID must be enabled to perform this probe This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP Fie ae SNMP Community String SNMP Port 161 SNMP Version Table C 14 General Uptime SNMP settings C 5 Linux The probes in this section monitor essential aspects of your Linux systems from CPU usage to virtual memory Apply them to mission critical systems to obtain warnings prior to failure Unlike other probe groups which may contain one or a few probes that require the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon every Linux probe needs rhnmd to be running on the monitored system C 5 1 Linux CPU Usage The Linux CPU Usage probe monitors the CPU utilization on a system and collects the following metric e CPU Percent Used The five second average of the percent of CPU usage at probe execution Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to run this probe Fed Value Appendix C Probes 151 Timeout Critical M
99. alid response the probe will display the protocol and server version information If the probe receives an invalid response it will display the message returned from the server and generate a WARNING state SSH Port Timeout Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Po Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Cs Table C 46 Network Services SSH settings C 8 11 Network Services Web Server HTTP The Network Services Web Server HTTP probe determines the availability of the Web server and collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the HTTP server to answer a connection request This probe confirms it can connect to the HTTP port on the specified host and retrieve the specified URL If no URL is specified the probe will fetch the root document The probe looks for a HTTP 1 message from the system unless you alter that value Specifying another port number will override Appendix C Probes 169 the default port of 80 Unlike most other probes this probe will return a CRITICAL status if it cannot contact the system within the timeout period This probe supports authentication Provide a username and password in the appropriate fields to use this feature Also the optional Virtual Host field can be used to monitor a separate documentation set located on the same physical machine presented as a standalone server If your Web server is not configured to use virtual hosts which is
100. alues cannot exceed the amount of time allotted to the timeout period Otherwise an UNKNOWN status will be returned in all cases of extended latency thereby nullifying the thresholds For this reason Red Hat strongly recommends ensuring timeout periods exceed all timed thresholds In this section this refers specifically to the probe TNS Ping Finally customers using these Oracle probes against a database using Oracle s Multi Threaded Server MTS will need to contact Red Hat support to have entries added to the RHN Server s etc hosts file to ensure the DNS name is resolved correctly 170 Appendix C Probes C 9 1 Oracle Active Sessions The Oracle Active Sessions probe monitors an Oracle instance and collects the following metrics Active Sessions The number of active sessions based on the value of VSPARAMETER PROCESSES Available Sessions The percentage of active sessions based on the value of VSPARAMETER PROCESSES Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Active Sessions Warning Maximum Active Sessions Critical Maximum Available Sessions Used o Warning Maximum Available Sessions Used Table C 48 Oracle Active Sessions settings C 9 2 Oracle Availability The Oracle Availability probe determines the availability of the database from the RHN Satellite Server Fed OT Natu Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle
101. ameters derived from rhn catalog like so rhn runprobe 5 log all 4 sshuser nocpulse sshport 4545 This will yield verbose output depicting the probe s attempted run Errors are clearly identified 128 Chapter 7 Monitoring O redhat Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools In addition to the options provided in the RHN website Red Hat Network offers two command line tools for managing configuration files the Red Hat Network Configuration Client and the Red Hat Network Configuration Manager If you don t yet have these these tools installed they can be found within the RHN Provisioning child channel for your operating system Qr Keep in mind whenever a configuration file is deployed via RHN a backup of the previous file includ ing its full path is made in the var lib rhncfg backups directory on the affected system The backup will retain its filename but have a rhn cfg backup extension appended A 1 Red Hat Network Configuration Client As the name implies the Red Hat Network Configuration Client rhncfg client is to be in stalled and run from an individual client system From there you may use it to gain knowledge about how RHN will deploy configuration files to the particular system The Red Hat Network Configuration Client offers these primary modes list get channels diff and verify A 1 1 Listing Config Files To list the configuration files for the machine and the labels of the config channe
102. an generate graphs and event logs depicting precisely how the probe has performed 1 6 Errata Notifications and Scheduled Package Installations You can configure Red Hat Network to send you email notifications of new and updated software packages as soon as the packages are available through RHN You receive one email per Errata regardless of the number of your systems affected You can also schedule package installs or package updates The benefits include e Reduced time and effort required by system administrators to stay on top of the Red Hat Errata list e Minimized security vulnerabilities in your network by providing the patches as soon as Red Hat releases them e Filtered list of package updates packages not relevant to your network are not included Reliable method of managing multiple systems with similar configurations 1 7 Security Quality Assurance and Red Hat Network Red Hat Network provides significant benefits to your network including security and quality assur ance All transactions made between you and Red Hat Network are encrypted and all RPM packages are signed with Red Hat s GNU Privacy Guard GPG signature to ensure authenticity Red Hat Network incorporates the following security measures 1 Your System Profile available at http rhn redhat com is accessible only with an RHN verified username and password Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview 5 2 A Digital Certificate is written to the client syste
103. and SSL keys you have created in the post section select the keys and click the Update Keys button Refer to Section 6 4 10 8 Kickstart GPG and SSL Keys for instructions on creating keys CO eaution When kickstarting systems receiving updates through either an RHN Proxy Server or RHN Satellite Server you must import that server s SSL certificate at the Kickstart GPG and SSL Keys page and associate it with all relevant kickstart profiles This association should be made on the GPG and SSL keys subtab of the Kickstart Details page Not doing this will result in SSL_CERTIFICATE errors and the kickstart will never report as complete in the RHN website 6 4 10 4 6 3 Kickstart Details Post gt nochroot Allows for the inclusion of commands to be executed before commands in the regular post section and outside of the chroot Refer to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux System Administration Guide for potential uses 6 4 10 4 6 4 Kickstart Details Post interpreter B Like the same subtab under Pre this enables you to specify an interpreter and specific commands to be interpreted before the rest of the post section Since the post script runs after the install the full range of system commands is available such as usr bin per1 Identify the interpreter in the top field then include the commands to be intepreted under it and click Update Post 6 4 10 4 7 Kickstart Details IP Addresses A Identifies the IP address
104. and collects the fol lowing metrics File System Used The percentage of the file system currently in use Space Used The amount of the file system in megabytes currently in use e Space Available The amount of the file system in megabytes currently available 152 Appendix C Probes Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Fie fae Critical Maximum File System PercentUsed Warning Maximum File System Percent Used Critical Maximum Space Used Warning Maximum Space Used Warning Minimum Space Available Critical Minimum Space Available J Table C 17 Linux Disk Usage settings C 5 4 Linux Inodes The Linux Inodes probe monitors the specified file system and collects the following metric Inodes The percentage of inodes currently in use An inode is a data structure holding information about files in a Linux file system There is an inode for each file and a file is uniquely identified by the file system on which it resides and its inode number on that system Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe File system Timeout Critical Maximum Inodes Percent Used Po Warning Maximum Inodes Percent Used Po Table C 18 Linux Inodes settings C 5 5 Linux Interface Traffic The Linux Interface Traffic probe me
105. annels Configuration Administrator This role enables the user to manage the configuration of sys tems in the organization using either the RHN website or the Red Hat Network Configuration Manager Monitoring Administrator This role allows for the scheduling of probes and oversight of other Monitoring infrastructure This role is available only on Monitoring enabled RHN Satellite Server version 3 6 or later e Organization Administrator This role can perform any function available within Red Hat Network As the master account for your organization the person holding this role can alter the privileges of all other accounts as well as conduct any of the tasks available to the other roles Like the other roles multiple Organization Administrators may exist System Group Administrator This role is one step below Organization Administrator in that it has complete authority over the systems and system groups to which it s granted access This person can create new system groups delete any assigned systems groups add systems to groups and manage user access to groups 6 8 2 User List As shown in Figure 6 8 each row in the User List represents a user within your organization There are three columns of information for each user Username The login name of the user If you click on a username the User Details page for the user is displayed Refer to Section 6 8 2 2 User Details for more information Re
106. applications containing new certificates at the RHN Client Software page In the RHN website click Help at the top right corner Get RHN Software in the left navigation bar and scroll down to examine the packages and versions To determine the versions of the client applications installed run the rpm q command followed by the package name For instance for the Red Hat Network Registration Client type the following command rpm q rhn_register If the Red Hat Network Registration Client is installed it will return something similar to rhn_register 2 9 3 1 The version number might differ slightly If you do not have the Red Hat Network Registration Client installed the command will return package rhn_register is not installed Perform this check for every package in Table 1 1 relevant to your system Remember only Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 users need the separate Red Hat Network Registration Client If you prefer to use the command line versions you do not have to install the two packages ending in gnome Package Name rhn_register Provides the Red Hat Network Registration Client program and the text mode interface 6 Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview Package Name rhn_register gnome Provides the GNOME interface graphical version for the Red Hat Network Registration Client runs if the X Window System is available up2date Provides the Red Hat Update Agent command line version and the Red Hat Network Daemon up2d
107. are not the last Organization Administrator To assign a user a new role select the appropriate checkbox Remember that Organization Admin istrators are automatically granted administration access to all other roles signified by grayed out checkboxes To grant a user the ability to manage the configuration of systems select the Configura tion Administrator checkbox When satisfied with the changes click Update 6 8 2 2 2 User Details System Groups List of system groups that the user may administer To add or remove system groups from a user s ad ministration select or unselect the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update Permissions button In addition you may establish default system groups for the user to capture all systems registered by that user To do this select the default group or groups from the dropdown menu at the bottom of the page Then click the Update Defaults button An asterisk appears next to the names of the defaults in the dropdown menu 6 8 2 2 3 User Details Systems List of systems that the user can administer These systems come from the system groups assigned to the user on the previous tab To add systems to the System Set Manager select them and click the Update button Clicking the name of a system takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information 6 8 2 2 4 User Details Channel Permissions Subscription and management options set
108. asures the amount of traffic into and out of the specified interface such as eth0 and collects the following metrics Input Rate The traffic in bytes per second going into the specified interface Output Rate The traffic in bytes per second going out of the specified interface Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Appendix C Probes 153 Fie fae Interer o G 30 Critical Maximum inputRate Warning Maximum InputRate Warning Minimum inputRate Critical Minimum imputRate Critical Maximum Output Rate Waring Maximum Output Rate ooo Warning Minimum Output Rate Critical Minimum Output Rate PO Table C 19 Linux Interface Traffic settings C 5 6 Linux Load The Linux Load probe monitors the CPU of a system and collects the following metric Load The average load on the system CPU over various periods Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Critical CPU Load I minute average CO Waming CPU Load I minute average pO Critical CPU Load S minuteaverage Waring CPU Load S minute average Critical CPU Load 15 minute average o Warning CPU Load 15 minute average o Table C 20 Linux Load settings C 5 7 Linux Memory Usage The Linux Memory Usage probe monitors the memory on a system and collects the
109. ate data OK The probe is running successfully H Pending The probe has been scheduled but has not yet run or is unable to run Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 117 The Probe Status page contains tabs for each of the possible states as well as one that lists all probes The tables are identical in that each contains columns indicating probe state the system being monitored the probes used and the date and time the status was last updated In these tables clicking the name of the system takes you to the Probes tab of the System Details page Clicking the name of the probe takes you to its Current State page From there you may edit the probe delete it and generate reports based upon its results 6 9 1 1 Probe Status gt Critical The probes that have crossed their CRITICAL thresholds or reached a critical status by some other means For instance some probes go critical rather than unknown when exceeding their timeout period 6 9 1 2 Probe Status Warning The probes that have crossed their WARNING thresholds 6 9 1 3 Probe Status gt Unknown The probes that cannot collect the metrics needed to determine probe state Most but not all probes enter an unknown state when exceeding their timeout period This may mean that the timeout should be raised or the connection cannot be established to the monitored system It is also possible the probes configuration parameters are not correct and th
110. ate files within the Partition Details section of the kickstart profile For instance you may dynamically generate a partition file based on the machine type and number of disks at kickstart time This file can be created via pre script and placed on the system such as tmp part include Then you can call for that file by including the following line within the Partition Details field of the Kickstart Details gt Options tab include tmp part include You may clone or delete the profile at any time using links at the upper right corner of the Kick start Details page Once you ve populated the tabs and fields within the Kickstart Details page the kickstart profile should be completely configured and ready for use Refer to the following pages for instructions on supplementing and aggregating kickstart profiles 6 4 10 4 Kickstart Details Use the following tabs to modify the kickstart profile 6 4 10 4 1 Kickstart Details Details The default display of the Kickstart Details page shows the kickstart profile name and label as well as the associated distribution URL to be used whether it s the default profile for your organization and any comments about the profile The URL for a kickstart is used when creating a bootable CD ROM image that will kickstart a system using this profile Note that the URL does not begin with https because the Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation program does not support Secure Sockets Layer
111. ate gnome Provides the GNOME interface graphical version for the Red Hat Update Agent runs if the X Window System is available Table 1 1 Red Hat Network Packages redhat Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent The Red Hat Update Agent is your connection to Red Hat Network It enables you to register your systems create System Profiles and alter the settings by which your organization and RHN interact Once registered your systems can use the Red Hat Update Agent to retrieve the latest software pack ages from Red Hat This tool will allow you to always have the most up to date Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems with all security patches bug fixes and software package enhancements Remember this tool must be run on the system you wish to update You cannot use the Red Hat Update Agent on the system if it is not entitled to an RHN service offering waming Only systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 can use the Red Hat Update Agent to register with RHN Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 will need to use the separate Red Hat Network Registration Client before starting the Red Hat Update Agent Refer to Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client for instructions Then return to this chapter for instructions on using the Red Hat Update Agent Broren You must use Red Hat Update Agent Version 2 5 4 or higher to upgrade your kernel automatically It will install the updated kernel and configure LILO or GRUB to boot the new
112. aximum CPU Percent Used eS Warning Maximum CPU Percent Used es Table C 15 Linux CPU Usage settings C 5 2 Linux Disk IO Throughput The Linux Disk IO Throughput probe monitors a given disk and collects the following metric Read Rate The amount of data that is read in kilobytes per second Write Rate The amount of data that is written in kilobytes per second To obtain the value for the required Disk number or disk name field run iostat on the system to be monitored and see what name has been assigned to the disk you desire The default value of 0 will usually give you statistics from the first hard drive connected directly to the system Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the mon itored system to execute this probe Also the Disk number or disk name parameter must match the format that is seen when the iostat command is run on the commandline If the format is not identical the configured probe will go into an UNKNOWN state Fie fae Critical Maximum KB read second Warning Maximum KB readsecond Warning Minimum KB readsecond o Critical Minimum KB readsecond Critical Maximum KB writtenkecond Waring Maximum KB writensecond Warning Minimum KB writenisecond Critical Minimum KB written second Table C 16 Linux Disk IO Throughput settings C 5 3 Linux Disk Usage The Linux Disk Usage probe monitors the disk space on a specific file system
113. ble to you 6 3 4 1 Help Desk The Help Desk page summarizes the help options available within this section Click either the links within this page or the buttons on the left navigation bar to explore further 6 3 4 2 Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide page contains a brief overview of Red Hat Network and its many features If you are unfamiliar with RHN it is recommended you read this guide in its entirety Topics covered include registering your systems applying Errata Updates using one click updates and troubleshoot ing 64 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 3 4 3 FAQ The FAQ page lists Frequently Asked Questions and answers to those questions These are broken down into the following categories each represented by a separate button and page Top Ten General Account Management Getting Started Service Levels Using RHN Technical Questions Manage ment Service Privacy Legal Policies Definitions and All 6 3 4 4 Reference Guide The Reference Guide page takes you to this same document the most comprehensive set of instruc tions for using Red Hat Network Note that links to other technical guides may also appear in the left navigation bar depending on the entitlement level and product offering of the account with which you logged in 6 3 4 5 Contact RHN The Contact RHN page provides methods by which customers may obtain help Specifically logged out users have access to the FAQ Customer Service email a
114. box when you wish to resume notifications Modifying anything on this page will cause the Monitoring services on the RHN Satellite Server to reset as well as schedule actions for the Monitoring services on all Monitoring enabled RHN Proxy Servers that connect to this Satellite to be restarted This is done so that the Monitoring services on these servers will reload their configuration immediately Typically the defaults provided in other fields will do since they were derived from your Satellite installation Nevertheless you may use the fields on this page to alter your Monitoring configuration For instance you may change your mail exchange server here This page also allows you to alter the destination of all administrative emails from the Satellite When finished click Update Config redhat Chapter 7 Monitoring The Red Hat Network Monitoring entitlement allows you to perform a whole host of actions designed to keep your systems running properly and efficiently With it you can keep close watch on sys tem resources network services databases and both standard and custom applications During the Monitoring technology preview Provisioning entitled systems are treated as if they have Monitoring entitlements Monitoring provides both real time and historical state change information as well as specific metric data You are not only notified of failures immediately and warned of performance degradation before it becomes critical
115. cally before or after the package installation Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 7 System Details Details Remote Command for more information 6 4 4 4 1 System Set Manager Packages gt Install A list of channels from which you may retrieve packages The list of channels is the list of all the channels that systems in the set are subscribed to a package will be installed on a system only if the system is subscribed to the channel from which the package comes Click on the channel name and select the packages from the list Then click the Install Packages button 6 4 4 4 2 System Set Manager Packages Upgrade A list of all the packages installed on the selected systems that might be upgraded Systems must be subscribed to a channel providing the package for the system to be able to upgrade the package If multiple versions of a package appear note that only the latest version available to each system will be upgraded on that system Select the packages to be upgraded then click the Upgrade Packages button 6 4 4 4 3 System Set Manager Packages Remove A list of all the packages installed on the selected systems that might be removed Multiple versions will appear if systems in the System Set Manager have more than one version installed Select the packages to be deleted then click the Remove Packages button 6 4 4 5 System Set Manager gt Groups Tools to create groups and manage group membership These fu
116. ce 222 N Z Freewnn at 27 M Freewnn common 1 11 27 Z Freewnn devel L1 27 Z FreeWwnnibs Ir 37 Z GConf 1 0 9 6 M GConf devel 1 0 9 6 By default all packages that RPM knows about will be included in your System Profile Uncheck any packages which you do not want to be included amp Cancel Back gt Forward Figure 2 11 Choose which RPM Packages to Exclude from System Profile 2 2 2 3 Finishing Registration As seen in Figure 2 12 the last step of registration is to confirm that you want to send your System Profile to the Red Hat Network If you choose Cancel at this point no information will be sent Clicking Forward will submit your RHN System Profile 18 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Send Profile Information to Red Hat Network we We are finished collecting information for the System Profile Click Forward to send this System Profile to Red Hat Network Click Cancel and no information will be sent You can run the registration program later by typing rhn__register at the command line X Cancel Back amp Forward Figure 2 12 Finished Collecting Information for System Profile Figure 2 13 shows the progress bar you will see while your profile is being sent This process may take some time depending on your connection speed Sending your profile information to Red Hat Network Please wait Es Figure 2 13 Send System Pr
117. channel associated with the system if they already aren t This can be done individually through the System Details gt Channels gt Software subtab or to multiple systems at once through the Channel Details Target Systems tab Chapter 7 Monitoring 121 2 Once subscribed open the Channel Details gt Packages tab and find the rhnmd package un der R 3 Click the package name to open the Package Details page Go to the Target Systems tab select the desired systems and click Install Packages 4 Install the SSH public key on all client systems to be monitored as described in Section 7 2 4 Installing the SSH key 5 Start the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon on all client systems using the command service rhnmd start 6 When adding probes requiring the daemon accept the default values for RHNMD User and RHNMD Port nocpulse and 4545 respectively 7 2 3 Configuring SSH If you wish to avoid installing the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon and opening port 4545 on client systems you may configure sshd to provide the encrypted connection required between the systems and RHN This may be especially desirable if you already have sshd running To configure the daemon for monitoring use j Ensure the SSH package is installed on the systems to be monitored rpm qi ssh 2 Identify the user to be associated with the daemon This can be any user available on the system as long as the required SSH key can be put in
118. chapter the area described is available to all Red Hat Network users If an icon does follow the associated entitlement is needed Remember that Provisioning inherits all of the functions of Management If an icon precedes a paragraph only the specific portion of the page or tab discussed afterward required the indicated entitlement level When a page or tab is associated with a particular entitlement level all of its tabs and subtabs require at least the same entitlement level but may need a higher entitlement Regardless each tab is identified separately 6 1 2 Categories and Pages This section summarizes all of the categories and primary pages those linked from the top and left navigation bars within the RHN website It does not list the many subpages tabs and subtabs acces sible from the left navigation bar and individual pages Each area of the website is explained in detail later in this chapter Your RHN View and manage your primary account information and obtain help Your RHN Obtain a quick overview of your account It notifies you if your systems need attention provides a quick link to go directly to them and displays the most recent Errata Alerts for your account Your Account Update your personal profile and addresses 58 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website Your Preferences Indicate if you wish to receive email notifications about Errata Alerts for your systems set how many items are displayed
119. chedule a kickstart select a distribution identify the type IP address or manual and click Continue Then finish choosing from the options available on the subsequent screen and click the Schedule Kickstart button 6 4 4 7 2 System Set Manager gt Provisioning gt Tag Systems Use this subtab to to add meaningful descriptions to the most recent snapshots of your selected sys tems To tag the most recent system snapshots enter a descriptive term in the Tag name field and click the Tag Current Snapshots button 6 4 4 7 3 System Set Manager gt Provisioning Rollback Use this subtab to rollback selected Provisioning entitled systems to previous snapshots marked with a tag Click the name of the tag verify the systems to be reverted and click the Rollback Systems button 6 4 4 7 4 System Set Manager gt Provisioning Remote Command _6 Use this subtab to issue remote commands on selected Provisioning entitled systems You must have created a run file on the client systems for this function to be allowed Refer to the description of the Configuration subtab of the Channels tab for instructions You may then identify a specific user Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 83 group and timeout period as well as the script itself on this page Select a date and time to begin attempting the command and click Schedule Remote Command 6 4 4 8 System Set Manager Misc Misc Tools to update System Profiles and pre
120. cking Next will submit your RHN System Profile Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 53 Send Profile Information to Red Hat Network We are finished collecting information for the System Profile Click Next to send this System Profile to Red Hat Network Click Cancel and no information will be sent You can run the registration program later by typing rhn_register at the command line lt j Back amp X Cancel Figure 5 12 Finished Collecting Information for System Profile Figure 5 13 shows the progress bar you will see while your profile is being sent This process may take some time depending on your connection speed Sending your profile information to Red Hat Network Please wait Figure 5 13 Send System Profile to Red Hat Network You will know your System Profile has been successfully sent when you see the Registration Fin ished screen Figure 5 14 Click Finish to exit the Red Hat Network Registration Client After completing the registration you must entitle your system to an RHN service level Refer to Section 5 6 Entitling Your System for details 54 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client Registration Finished You have successfully registered this System Profile on Red Hat Network Please visit http Avww redhat com network to login and access your Red Hat Network benefits To upgrade your system with the latest product updates bug fixes and security enhancements run up2dat
121. count Before you can create a System Profile you must create a user account Red Hat recommends you create your account through the RHN website but you may also do so through up2date All that is required is a unique username password combination and a valid email address In the screen shown in Figure 2 5 choose a username and password Once logged in to Red Hat Network you can modify your preferences view your existing System Profile or obtain the latest Red Hat software packages gt Note If you are already a member of redhat com you can and should use the same username and pass word However you will still need to continue with the registration process to create your System Profile Your username has the following restrictions Cannot contain any spaces e Cannot contain the characters amp or 12 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Is not case sensitive thereby eliminating the possibility of duplicate usernames differing only by capitalization In addition the following restrictions apply to both your username and password Must be at least four characters long Cannot contain any tabs Cannot contain any line feeds Passwords are case sensitive for obvious reasons Step 2 Register or Update a User Account Required Information Are you already registered with redhat com Yes Enter your current user name and password below No Choose a new user name and password and enter it below Use
122. ction 7 2 3 Configuring SSH for details 7 2 1 Probes requiring the daemon An encrypted connection either through the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon or sshd is re quired on client systems for the following probes to run Note that all probes in the Linux group have this requirement Linux CPU Usage Linux Disk IO Throughput Linux Disk Usage Linux Inodes Linux Interface Traffic Linux Load Linux Memory Usage Linux Process Counts by State Linux Process Count Total Linux Process Health Linux Process Running Linux Swap Usage Linux TCP Connections by State Linux Users Linux Virtual Memory LogAgent Log Pattern Match LogAgent Log Size Network Services Remote Ping e Oracle Client Connectivity General Remote Program General Remote Program with Data 7 2 2 Installing the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon Install the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon to prepare systems for monitoring using the probes identified in Section 7 2 1 Probes requiring the daemon Note that the steps in this section are optional if you intend to use sshd to allow secure connections between the RHN monitoring infrastructure and the monitored systems Refer to Section 7 2 3 Configuring SSH for instructions The rhnmd package can be found in the RHN Tools channel for all Red Hat Enterprise Linux distri butions To install it 1 Subscribe the systems to be monitored to the RHN Tools
123. curity Alerts Bug Fix Alerts and Enhancement Alerts collectively known as Errata Alerts can be downloaded directly from Red Hat or your own custom collection You can even have updates scheduled to be delivered directly to your system as soon as they are released The main components of Red Hat Network are as follows the Red Hat Update Agent e the Red Hat Network website whether this is hosted by the central RHN Servers an RHN Satellite Server or fed through an RHN Proxy Server e Red Hat Network Daemon the Red Hat Network Registration Client for systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 only The Red Hat Update Agent up2date provides your initial connection to Red Hat Network Once registered it enables channel subscription package installs and management of System Profiles Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 and newer systems will even use the Red Hat Update Agent to register with RHN See Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for further information Although both the RHN website and the Red Hat Update Agent allow you to view Errata Alerts from the Red Hat Errata list and apply updates the website offers a much more granular view of your account and provides added functionality required for management and provisioning of systems For enterprise deployments of Red Hat Network the website is a must The Red Hat Network Daemon rhnsq runs in the background as a service and probes the Red Hat Network for notifications and updates at
124. d select the criterion to search by and click the Search button The results appear at the bottom of the page 6 6 Channels If you click the Channels tab on the top navigation bar the Channels category and links appear The pages in the Channels category enable you to view and manage the channels and packages associated with your systems In addition you can obtain ISO images here 6 6 1 Software Channels The Software Channels page is the first to appear in the Channels category A software channel is a list of Red Hat Enterprise Linux packages grouped by use Channels are used to choose packages to be installed on a system There are two types of software channels base channels and child channels A base channel con sists of a list of packages based on a specific architecture and Red Hat Enterprise Linux release For example all the packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 for the x86 architecture make up a base channel The list of packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 for the Itanium architecture make up a 98 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website different base channel A child channel is a channel associated with a base channel but contains extra packages For instance an organization can create a child channel associated with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 for the x86 architecture that contains extra packages needed only for the organization such as a custom engineering application A system must be subscribed to one base chann
125. d as idle sessions Ce ores o d Oracle Usemamet o o Oracle Passwort o o Time tdle second Timeo o Time Idle seconds 20 Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Idle Sessions ee Warning Maximum Idle Sessions ee Table C 55 Oracle Idle Sessions settings C 9 9 Oracle Index Extents The Oracle Index Extents probe monitors an Oracle instance and collects the following metric 174 Appendix C Probes Allocated Extents The number of allocated extents for any index e Available Extents The percentage of available extents for any index The required Index Name field contains a default value of that will match any index name Fie Va Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Index Owner Index Name Timeout 30 Critical Maximum of Allocated Extents Warning Maximum of Allocated Extents Critical Maximum of Available Extents Warning Maximum of Available Bxtents O o Table C 56 Oracle Index Extents settings C 9 10 Oracle Library Cache The Oracle Library Cache probe computes the Library Cache Miss Ratio so as to optimize the SHARED_POOL_SIZE in init ora It collects the following metrics Library Cache Miss Ratio The rate a library cache pin miss occurs This will happen when a session executes a statement that it has already parsed but finds that the statement is no longer in the shared pool Executions The number of times a pin was requested for objects of this
126. d notifications will work normally 7 5 Troubleshooting Though all Monitoring related activities are conducted through the RHN website Red Hat provides access to some command line diagnostic tools that may help you determine the cause of errors To use these tools you must be able to become the nocpulse user on the RHN Server conducting the monitoring First log into the RHN Server as root Then switch to the nocpulse user with the following com mand su nocpulse You may now use the diagnostic tools described within the rest of this section 7 5 1 Examining Probes with rhn catalog To thoroughly troubleshoot a probe you must first obtain its probe ID You may get this by running rhn catalog on the RHN Server as the nocpulse user The output will resemble ServiceProbe on examplel redhat com 199 168 36 245 test 2 ServiceProbe on example2 redhat com 199 168 36 173 rhel2 1 test ServiceProbe on example3 redhat com 199 168 36 174 SSH ServiceProbe on example4 redhat com 199 168 36 175 HTTP ap Wd The probe ID is the first number in the line while the probe name as entered in the RHN website is the final entry on the line For example the 5 probe ID corresponds to the probe named HTTP Further you may pass the commandline c and dump d options along with a probe ID to rhn catalog to obtain additional details about the probe like so rhn catalog commandline dump 5 The commandline option yields t
127. d parent process A child process inherits most of its attributes such as open files from its parent Threads The number of running threads for a given process A thread is the basic unit of CPU utilization and consists of a program counter a register set and a stack space A thread is also called a lightweight process Physical Memory Used The amount of physical memory or RAM in kilobytes being used by the specified process Virtual Memory Used The amount of virtual memory in kilobytes being used by the specified process or the size of the process in real memory plus swap Specify the process by either command name or process I D PID Entering a PID will override the entry of a command name If no command name or PID is entered the error Command not found will be displayed and the probe will be set to a CRITICAL state Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Process ID PID file Timeout Critical Maximum CPU Usage Warning Maximum CPU Usage 156 Appendix C Probes fied ne Critical Maximum Child Process Groups Warning Maximum Child Process Groups Critical Maximum Threads Po Waming Maximum Threads Critical Maximum Physical Memory Used Po Warning Maximum Physical Memory Used Critical Maximum Virtual Memory Used Po Warning Maximum Virtual Memory Used Table C 24 Linux Process Health settings
128. d value for data is the data point to be inserted in the database for time series trending The status_message is optional and can be whatever text string is desired with a maximum length of 1024 bytes Remote programs that do not include a status_message will still report the value and status returned Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe XML is case sensitive The data item key name cannot be changed and it must collect a number as its value ied ate OE Command o G OK Exit Status Waring Exit Status Critical Exit Status Table C 10 General Remote Program with Data settings C 4 3 General SNMP Check The General SNMP Check probe tests your SNMP server by specifying a single object identifier OID in dotted notation such as 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 1 0 and a threshold associated with the return value It collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the SNMP server to answer a connection request Requirements SNMP must be running on the monitored system to perform this probe Only integers can be used for the threshold values This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP Fie fae SNMP OID pO SNMP Community String SNMP Port 161 SNMP Version Appendix C Probes 149 Field ne Critical Maximum Value L Warning Maximum Value Oo y Waming Minimum Value
129. ddress and rhn users mailing list Logged in Demo customers have access to the above as well as an online form that can be submitted to rhn feedback or the Customer Service address Logged in paid users have access to all of the above In addition the online form enables them to submit requests for technical support The Customer Service address handles billing and purchasing questions while the rhn users list en ables customers to help one another The rhn feedback address collects customer input and provides an auto response but nothing more The technical support form ensures the customer will get a per sonalized and helpful response in a timely manner 6 3 4 6 Terms amp Conditions The Terms amp Conditions page displays the RHN Network Services Use and Subscription Agreement 6 3 4 7 Outage Policy The Outage Policy page identifies scheduled maintenance windows for Red Hat Network and pro vides the means to subscribe to the Email Outage List rhn outage list redhat com to be notified of emergency and other unscheduled outages 6 3 4 8 Release Notes The Release Notes page lists the notes accompanying every recent release of Red Hat Network These notes describe all significant changes occurring in a given release cycle from major enhancements to the user interface to minor changes to the related documentation 6 3 4 9 Get RHN Software The RHN Software page provides direct links to the Red Hat Update Agent and Red Hat Netw
130. dialog boxes will appear that you will not see in subsequent startups Configure Proxy Server and Install GPG Key As shown in Figure 2 1 the first dialog box to appear will prompt you for HTTP Proxy Server informa tion This is useful if your network connection requires you to use a proxy server to make HTTP con nections To use this feature select the Enable HTTP Proxy checkbox and type your proxy server in the text field with the format http HOST PORT such as http squid mysite org 3128 Additionally if your proxy server requires a username and password select the Use Authentication checkbox and enter your username and password in the respective text fields An HTTP Proxy Server is not required by Red Hat Network If you do not want to use this feature click the OK button without making any selections Note that the Red Hat Network Server dropdown menu at the top of the dialog box is only useful to RHN Proxy and Satellite customers These cus tomers should refer to the RHN Client Configuration Guide for registration steps Also note this dialox box is actually the General tab of the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool Refer to Section 2 4 Configuration for detailed instructions Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 9 General Retrieval Installation l Package Exceptions Network Settings Select a Red Hat Network Server to use https www rhns redhat com XMLRPC If you need a HTTP proxy enter it here in the format HO
131. e a Web server log file analysis program application This style indicates that the program is an end user application as opposed to system software For example Use Mozilla to browse the Web key A key on the keyboard is shown in this style For example To use Tab completion type in a character and then press the Tab key Your terminal displays the list of files in the directory that start with that letter key combination A combination of keystrokes is represented in this way For example The Ctrl Alt Backspace key combination exits your graphical session and returns you to the graphical login screen or the console text found on a GUI interface A title word or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window is shown in this style Text shown in this style is being used to identify a particular GUI screen or an element on a GUI screen such as text associated with a checkbox or field Example Select the Require Password checkbox if you would like your screensaver to require a password before stopping top level of a menu on a GUI screen or window A word in this style indicates that the word is the top level of a pulldown menu If you click on the word on the GUI screen the rest of the menu should appear For example Under File on a GNOME terminal the New Tab option allows you to open multiple shell prompts in the same window If you need to type in a sequence of commands from a GUI menu they are show
132. e added to the organization s Red Hat Network account If you have already registered a machine and created a System Profile you can add a new machine to your account Run the Red Hat Update Agent on the new machine you wish to add and enter your existing Red Hat Network username and password The new machine will be added to your existing account and you can log into Red Hat Network with your username and password to view all your systems simultaneously In the Create Account screen click Forward to continue If you are a new user to RHN the Red Hat Update Agent takes you to the screen shown in Figure 2 7 Here you will add details about yourself and your business if applicable and identify the methods by which you should be reached f Note Unlike other details your company name can be changed only through Red Hat Customer Service so enter it carefully If you do need to have your company name changed send your request to customerservice redhat com 14 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Step 2 Register a User Account All information is optional Title Miss First name Jane Last name Doe Company Example Inc Position System Administrator Address 123 Bee Street Address 2 Suite 4400 City San Francisco State Province California x ZIP Postal code 94118 Country United States x Phone 415 555 5555 Fax Contact preferences
133. e at the command line or choose Update Agent from the panel y Finish Figure 5 14 Registration Finished 5 6 Entitling Your System Now that you have registered your system it must be entitled before you can receive updated pack ages In other words you must subscribe it to a service level offering Everyone automatically receives one free Demo entitlement after creating an account by registering a system for RHN or creating a redhat com account To entitle a system go to http rhn redhat com and log in using the same username and password you just used in the Red Hat Network Registration Client Click Systems on the top navigation bar and then Systems Entitlements in the left navigation bar The System Entitlements page displays the number of available entitlements or subscriptions at the bottom If you have one or more subscriptions left make a selection from the dropdown menu under the Entitlement column beside the name of the system you just registered Only increases in entitlement levels are allowed Systems cannot be re entitled to a lower entitlement level For instance a system entitled to the Update service level can be promoted to the Management level but this action cannot be reversed Then click the Update Entitlements button at the bottom of the page A waming Changing a system s entitlement is an irreversible action You may be unable to change the entitle ment levels of some systems For more information
134. e software information is a list of RPM packages and their versions installed on the client system The System Profile is used to determine every Errata Alert relevant to each client system System Set Manager Interface that allows users to perform actions on multiple systems Actions include applying Errata Updates upgrading packages and adding removing systems to from system groups U Update One of the RHN service level offerings Update was formerly called Basic Update offers the same services as the Basic subscription did plus more new features 188 Glossary Index A account deactivate 62 action completed systems 111 details 111 failed systems 111 in progress systems 111 activation key 85 deleting 86 disabling 86 editing 86 activation keys creating editing and deleting 85 multiple use 86 registration 34 using 35 addresses change 62 Apache probes 142 Processes 142 Traffic 142 Uptime 143 application programming interface API 137 B base channel 97 Cc changing email address 114 changing password 114 Channel Entitlements 101 Channel List 97 channels 97 all 99 base 97 child 97 entitling 101 errata 100 list of 97 packages 100 relevant 98 retired 99 Software and Configuration Files 97 Channels and Packages Channel List 97 child channel 97 client applications obtaining 5 Config Channel List 104 config channels details 106 107 globa
135. e the command line version you can force it not to display the graphical interface with the following command up2date nox The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent allows you to perform advanced functions or to perform actions with little or no interaction For example the following command updates your system with no interaction It will download the newer packages and install them if you configured it to install them up2date u The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent accepts the following arguments Argument Description i O usage Briefly describe the available options h help List the available options and exit Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 27 Argument Description o o O arch architecture Force up2date to install this architecture of the package Not valid with update list or dry run Specify which channels to update from using channel labels configure Configure Red Hat Update Agent options Refer to Section 2 4 Configuration for detailed instructions d download Download packages only do not install them This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval Use this option if you prefer to install the packages manually Specify an alternate RPM database to use temporarily dry run Do everything but download and install packages This is useful in checking dependencies and other requirements prior to actu
136. e the separator used when including two or more activation keys at once Refer to Section 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once B for details 3 Provide the following information Description User defined description to identify the generated activation key Usage Limit The number of times the key can be used to register a system before the activation key is disabled Leave blank for unlimited use Base Channel The primary channel for the key Selecting nothing will enable you to select from all child channels although systems can be subscribed to only those that are applicable Entitlement The service level for the key either Management or Provisioning All systems will be subscribed at this level with the key Universal default Whether or not this key should be considered the primary activation key for your organization Click Create Key After creating the unique key it appears in the list of activation keys along with the number of times it has been used Note that only Activation Key Administrators can see this list At this point you may associate child channels and groups with the key so systems registered with it will automatically be subscribed to them To change information about a key such as the channels or groups click its description in the key list make your modifications in the appropriate tab and click the Update Key button To disassociate channels and groups from a key des
137. ecting Red Hat Network Servers here These customers should refer to the RHN Client Configuration Guide for detailed instructions 2 4 1 2 Retrieval Installation Settings The Retrieval Installation tab allows you to customize your software package retrieval and package installation preferences y You must use Red Hat Update Agent Version 2 5 4 or higher to upgrade your kernel automatically Red Hat Update Agent will install the updated kernel and configure LILO or GRUB to boot the new kernel the next time the system is rebooted 32 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent General Retrieval Installation Package Exceptions Package Retrieval Options Do not install packages after retrieval a Do not upgrade packages when local configuration file has been modified Retrieve source RPM along with binary package Package Verification Options lt Use GPG to verify package integrity Package Installation Options After installation keep binary packages on disk Enable RPM rollbacks allows undo but requires additional storage space Override version stored in System Profile Package storage directory var spool up2date OK Cancel Figure 2 25 Retrieval Installation Settings The following package retrieval options can be selected see Figure 2 25 Do not install packages after retrieval download selected R
138. ed Errata Updates and system reboots or failures to check in In addition to selecting this checkbox you must identify each system to be included in this summary email By default all Management and Provisioning systems are included in the summary This can be done either through the System Details page individually or through the System Set Manager interface for multiple systems at once Note that RHN will send these summaries only to verified email addresses To disable all messages simply deselect this checkbox RHN List Page Size Maximum number of items that will appear in a list on a single page If more items are in the list clicking the Next button will display the next group of items This preference applies to system lists Errata lists package lists and so on Time Zone Set your time zone so that scheduled actions are scheduled according to the time in your time zone Red Hat Contact Options Identify what ways email phone fax or mail Red Hat may contact you After making changes to any of these options click the Save Preferences button on the bottom right hand corner 6 3 3 Purchase History The Purchase History page displays a list of your RHN purchases including the dates bought and expired and the number purchased 6 3 4 Help The Help pages provide access to the full suite of documentation and support available to RHN users Click Help in the Your RHN category to see a list of options availa
139. ed Hat Network regardless of whether you have systems associated with them 6 6 1 4 Software Channel Details If you click on the name of a channel the Software Channel Details page will appear This page is broken down into the following tabs 6 6 1 4 1 Software Channel Details gt Details General information about the channel and the parent channel if it is a child channel This is the first tab you see when you click on a channel It displays essential information about the channel such as summary description and architecture In addition a Globally Subscribable checkbox can be seen by Organization Administrators and Channel Administrators This signifies the default behavior of every channel allowing any user to subscribe systems to it Unchecking this box and clicking Update causes the appearance of a Sub scribers tab which may then be used to grant certain users subscription permissions to the channel Organization Administrators and Channel Administrators can always subscribe systems to any chan nel Only customers with custom base channels may change their systems base channel assign ment They may do this through the website in two ways The customer has its own base channel and it is assigning the system to that new base channel The customer has its own base channel and having assigned a system to this base channel it subsequently reverts the system to its original distribution based base channel
140. ed Hat Network website or by using the Red Hat Update Agent Figure 5 9 shows the progress bar you will see while the Red Hat Network Registration Client gathers a list of the RPM packages installed on your system This operation may take some time depending on your system The Registration Wizard is building a list of RPM packages installed on your system Please wait Figure 5 9 Registration Wizard Once the RPM package list is built the list will be displayed as shown in Figure 5 10 Deselecting Include RPM Packages installed on this system in my System Profile will omit this information from your System Profile Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 51 Step 3 Register a System Profile Packages RPM information is important to determine what updated software packages are relevant to this system F Include RPM packages installed on this system in my System Profile Below is a list of packages present on your system that RPM knows about kernel kemel doc kernel headers kernel pemcia cs kernel source koffice kpppload krb5 devel krb5 libs krb5 server z Z z z zj INA By default all packages that RPM knows about will be included in your System Profile Uncheck any packages which you do not want to be included lt Back amp Cancel Figure 5 10 RPM Package Information 5 4 2 2 Choosing RPM Packages to Exclude from the System Prof
141. edo Log 175 Table Extents 176 Tablespace Usage 176 TNS Ping 177 Organization Administrator 114 overview of website 57 191 P package installation scheduled 4 package list Updating on server 30 70 packages details 103 downloading 102 filter 100 installing 102 overview 102 password change 62 preferences change 63 probe guidelines 141 probe list Apache Processes 142 Traffic 142 Uptime 143 General Remote Program 147 Remote Program with Data 147 SNMP Check 148 TCP Check 149 UDP Check 149 Uptime SNMP 150 Linux CPU Usage 150 Disk IO Throughput 151 Disk Usage 151 Inodes 152 Interface Traffic 152 Load 153 Memory Usage 153 Process Count Total 155 Process Counts by State 154 Process Health 155 Process Running 156 Swap Usage 156 TCP Connections by State 157 Users 158 Virtual Memory 158 LogAgent Log Pattern Match 159 Log Size 160 MySQL Database Accessibility 161 Open Tables 162 Opened Tables 161 Query Rate 162 Threads Running 162 Network Services 192 DNS Lookup 163 FTP 163 IMAP Mail 164 Mail Transfer SMTP 164 Ping 165 POP Mail 165 Remote Ping 166 RPCService 167 Secure Web Server HTTPS 167 SSH 168 Web Server HTTP 168 Oracle Active Sessions 170 Availability 170 Blocking Sessions 170 Buffer Cache 171 Client Connectivity 171 Data Dictionary Cache 172 Disk Sort Ratio 173 Idle Sessions 173 Index Extents 173 Library Cache 174 L
142. efault to ks Change the ks section to look like this label ks kernel vmlinuz append text ks url initrd initrd img lang devfs nomount ramdisk_size 16438 ksdevice The URL can be obtained from the Kickstart Details page It will look something like this http my sat server kickstart ks org 1271287x2c4682f33b8 7ed1d4dbea8 label my rhel3 as ks IP addressed based kickstart URLs will look something like this http my sat server kickstart ks mode ip_range The kickstart distribution selected by the IP range should match the distribution you are building from or errors will occur ksdevice is optional but looks like 94 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website ksdevice eth0 It is possible to change the distribution for a kickstart profile within a family such as RHEL AS3 to RHEL ES3 by specifying the new distribution label Note that you cannot move between versions 2 1 to 3 and between updates U1 to U2 Next you may customize isolinux cfg further for your needs such as by adding multiple kickstart options different boot messages shorter timeout periods etc Then make the ISO as described in the Making an Installation Boot CD ROM section of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 Installation Guide Or by issuing the command mkisofs o file iso b isolinux bin c boot cat no emul boot boot load size 4 boot info table R J v T isolinux Note that isolinux is the relative path to the directory containing the
143. eir data cannot be found Finally this state may indicate a software error has occurred 6 9 1 4 Probe Status Pending The probes whose data have not been received by RHN This state is expected for a probe that has just been scheduled but has not yet run If all probes go into a pending state your monitoring infrastructure may be failing 6 9 1 5 Probe Status gt OK The probes that have run successfully without exception This is the state desired for all probes 6 9 1 6 Probe Status gt All All probes scheduled on systems in your account listed in alphabetical order by the name of system 6 9 1 7 Current State Identifies the selected probe s status and when it last ran while providing the ability to generate a report on the probe Although this page is integral to monitoring it is found under the Probes tab within the System Details page since its configuration is specific to the system being monitored To view a report of the probe s results choose a relevant duration using the date fields and decide whether you would like to see metric data the state change history or both To obtain metric data select the metric s you would like to be reported upon and decide using the checkboxes whether 118 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website the results should be shown in a graph an error log or both Then click Generate report at the bottom of the page If no data exist for the probe s metrics you are
144. el only This base channel is assigned automatically during registration based upon the Red Hat Enterprise Linux release and system architecture selected In the case of public free channels the action will succeed In the case of paid base channels this action will fail if an associated entitlement doesn t exist A system can be subscribed to multiple child channels of its base channel Only packages included in a system s subscribed channels can be installed or updated on that system Further RHN Satellite Server and RHN Proxy Server customers have channel management authority This authority gives them the ability to create and manage their own custom channels Refer to the RHN Channel Management Guide for details Channels can be further broken down by their relevance to your systems Two such lists emerge Relevant and All 6 6 1 1 Relevant Channels As shown in Figure 6 6 the Relevant Channels page is shown by default when you click Software Channels in the left navigation bar It displays a list of channels now associated with your systems Links within this list go to different tabs of the Software Channel Details page Clicking on a channel name takes you to the Details tab Clicking on the packages number takes you to the Packages tab And clicking on the systems number takes you to the Subscribed Systems tab Refer to Section 6 6 1 4 Software Channel Details for details piety tits vane RED HAT NETWORK Losse
145. elect them in their respective menus by Ctrl clicking their high lighted names To remove a key entirely click the delete key link in the top right corner of the edit page If you do not want a key to be used to activate a system you can disable it by unselecting the corre sponding checkbox under the Enabled column in the key list The key can be re enabled by selecting the checkbox After making these changes click the Update Keys button on the bottom right hand corner of the page 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once Provisioning customers should note that multiple activation keys can be included at the command line or in a single kickstart profile This allows you to aggregate the aspects of various keys without having to recreate a new key specific to the desired systems simplifying the registration and kickstart processes while slowing the growth of your key list Without this stacking ability your organization would need at least six activation keys to manage four server groups and subscribe a server to any two groups Factor in two versions of the operating system such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 and 3 and you need twice the number of activation keys A larger organization would need keys in the dozens Before specifiying more than one activation key you must understand how their values are combined and resolved These entities are straight unions server groups software packages software child channels and c
146. ence 2 2 2 11 Z Freewnn Lll 27 Freewnn common 1 11 27 Z Freewnn devel 1 11 27 FreewWnn libs lll 37 Z GConf 1 0 9 6 M GConf devel 1 0 9 6 By default all packages that RPM knows about will be included in your System Profile Uncheck any packages which you do not want to be included amp Cancel Back Forward Figure 2 10 RPM Package Information Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 17 2 2 2 2 2 Choosing RPM Packages to Exclude from the System Profile By default all RPM packages in your RPM database are included in your System Profile to be updated by Red Hat Network To exclude a package uncheck the package from the list by clicking the check box beside the package name For example Figure 2 11 shows that the Canna devel and Canna libs packages have been omitted from the package list Choose which packages to exclude if any from the System Profile and click Forward to continue with the registration process Step 3 Register a System Profile Packages we RPM information is important to determine what updated software packages are relevant to this system A Include RPM packages installed on this system in my System Profile Below is a list of packages present on your system that RPM knows about Package Name Version Release M 4Suite 0 11 1 10 M Canna 3 5b2 70 C Canna devel 3 5b2 70 O Canna ibs 3 5b2 70 M ElectricFen
147. er Allocation Retry Rate The average number of buffer allocation retries per minute since the server was started The metrics returned and the thresholds they re measured against are numbers representing the rate of change in events per minute The rate of change for these metrics should be monitored because fast growth can indicate problems requiring investigation Fie ae JOrwtesie o G Oracle Usemamet o o Oracle Passwort o o Critical Maximum Redo Log Space Request Rate Messi Warning Maximum Redo Log Space Request Rate o 176 Appendix C Probes Field Va Critical Maximum Redo Buffer Allocation Retry Rate re Warning Maximum Redo Buffer Allocation Retry a Rate Table C 59 Oracle Redo Log settings C 9 13 Oracle Table Extents The Oracle Table Extents probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following metrics e Allocated Extents Any Table The total number of extents for any table e Available Extents Any Table The percentage of available extents for any table In Oracle table extents are how a table grows When a table is full it is extended by an amount of space configured when the table is created Extents are configured on a per table basis with an extent size and a maximum number of extents For example a table that starts with 10 MB of space and is configured with an extent size of 1 MB and max extents of 10 can grow to a maximum of 20 MB by being extended by 1 MB ten times
148. er of processes that have been switched to the waiting queue and waiting state Child The number of processes spawned by another process already running on the machine Defunct The number of processes that have terminated either because they have been killed by a signal or have called exit and whose parent processes have not yet received notification of their termination by executing some form of the wait system call Stopped The number of processes that have been stopped before their executions could be com pleted Swapped The number of processes that have been written to disk generally due to a severe memory shortfall Critical Maximum Blocked Processes Warning Maximum Blocked Processes Critical Maximum Child Processes a Warning Maximum Child Processes Critical Maximum Defunct Processes ET Warning Maximum Defunct Processes Critical Maximum Stopped Processes Po Warning Maximum Stopped Processes Critical Maximum Swapped Processes Po Warning Maximum Swapped Processes Table C 69 RHN Satellite Server Process Counts settings C 10 8 RHN Satellite Server Processes The RHN Satellite Server Processes probe monitors the number of processes on a Satellite and col lects the following metric Appendix C Probes 181 Processes The number of processes running simultaneously on the machine Fed Natu Critical Maximum Processes er Warning Maximum Processes Do
149. ersonal information is yours not ours In fact we feel so strongly about it that we encourage you to read our complete privacy policy below so that you are comfortable with haw any information you provide may be used We think our customers understand better than anyone else how Red Hat can most effectively serve their needs Because of this Red Hat makes every effort to allow our customers to define the relationship they will have with us We ask our customers how they would like Red Hat to communicate with them if at all We disclase how we will be using our customers information through documents like this one or by answering individual questions customers may ask Also we never sell our customers information or provide it to others without making it clear that we intend to do so at the time the information is collected If you have any questions about any of these practices please feel free to contact us at feedback redhat com Information Collected During Web Registration lt Back gt Next X Cancel Figure 5 5 Red Hat Privacy Statement 5 3 Registering a User Account Before you can create a System Profile you must create a user account The only required information in this section is a unique username password and a valid email address In the screen shown in Figure 5 7 you must choose a username and password Once logged in to Red Hat Network you can modify your preferences view your exi
150. et TX3S9LjC HdGvP8Eds92Ti2CnJLaFJk Rp749PucnK9mzxPcO2jSHgdt jWAXst st gWFVbFmk jBODVSd00B xEwI1T1 LN8 V7R8BE1Bmg99I1JmDvA2BI seXvafhzly9bxSHScFnceco Az9umIs3NXwv3 yOm ZakDBAC6 SAGHBmpVkOdeXJDdb4LcbEhErFU3CpRCJjZ6AOnFuiV1MGdulZXvEUgBA 16 PDE5nBHEZY3zPjyLPZVtgYioJpZqcRIx g bX208kPqvJEuZ19tLCdykf ZGpy bsV70dSGqBk3snNOizmF j543RaHyEbnwKWbNADhujWMeUAXxN 708UmVk IEhhdCwg SW5 j LiAoU2VjdxXJpdHkgUmVzcG9uc2UgVGVhbSkgPHN1Y2FsZXJ0QHJ1ZGhhdC5 j b20 iFCEEXxECABcFAjJ3GczYFCwcKAwODF OMCAxYCAQI XgAAKCRBeVICDZQ1YghAU AJoCeQfuMR2dKyLft 1006qUs MNLOCggJgdO8MU02y11TWID3X0YgyQG 2InAQT AQIABgUCPt yYpQAKCRDurUz9SaVj2e97A 0b2s70hhAM1 jJNwWMOS 41 2UWVGbgt xdu D yBcG 3mwL76MJVY7aX NN tT9yDGU FSiQZZCL 40FOHMvjpcDqfJY zpT1Bii ZMAPJWTs2bB 0QaXxUgW1wW8 4GVf2rA6RSbvMLTbDjTH8t 7J1RGPIzAqu8SgraTA QbQdao6 TNxVt ohGBBMRAgAGBQI 3LjCAAoJECGRgM3 bOqY Of SMAoI jidDet hDOj 9 j1ROqDs911i C2AJ9SBB d4A8hyR4z31Y 7e0Lz jWF51LKCDQQ7 903EAgA8tMs xdUmuTf A X78 MXh7LCvrL4Hi28CqvNM Au81XJ jDLNawZvpVmF 1Mmd9hOXb5dt2 BZWLR13rcDUByNdwlEWhVAzCz6Bp9Z3MIDhcPO00iIBctIHn7YPIFiSVVOGO3iryT XEO1lmhWoB1C233wr3XHwsqxFfZzaCZqqNnKT10 PN EAIZIJRgt YiW8nzFTPpIROSE oRn6EvmOfayOF2uYDX9Sk 1OD7T7RLtKjM hPW 9NoCGwwROaG VUzVv4aelh1iL dJGEjpFtdxcrOUMD8xbkuGMznu0mpDI J2BUDh5n5 7yOyEMaGrQ0jfY1ZqdqDvzg osY1ZHa6K1muCWNTnwADBOFf XYhCicp6iLetnPv61YtyRfFRpnKI8w3br fThywC t81P2nKv81i060sRbksGclgX8Z16GoHOY fDe 7hYsCHZPOWErobECFds5E9M7cmzV TTyNTvrELrs07jyuPb40 mHcs YPILGR3M rnXKGjloz 05kOPRJaBEBzP6B8SZKy ONGEfTkKTYU4Rbhkzz UxU
151. etails page 6 4 2 6 3 System Details Packages Manages the packages on the system Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 71 When selecting packages to install upgrade or remove Provisioning customers have the option of running a remote command automatically before or after the package installation Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 7 System Details Details Remote Command for more information 6 4 2 6 3 1 System Details Packages Packages The default display of the Packages tab describes the options available to you and provides the means to update your package list If after exploring the packages you believe the list is outdated or incom plete or you installed the packages manually and did not have RHN install them click the Update Package List button on the bottom right hand corner of this page The next time the RHN Daemon connects to RHN it will update your System Profile with the latest list of installed packages 6 4 2 6 3 2 System Details Packages List Remove Lists installed packages from the system s software System Profile and enables you to remove them Click on a package name to view its Package Details page Refer to Section 6 6 5 3 Package Details To delete packages from the system select their checkboxes and click the Remove Packages button on the bottom right hand corner of the page A confirmation page will appear with the packages listed Click the Confirm button to remove the packages 6 4 2
152. ew the descriptions available at http www redhat com software rhn 1 Document Conventions When you read this manual certain words are represented in different fonts typefaces sizes and weights This highlighting is systematic different words are represented in the same style to indicate their inclusion in a specific category The types of words that are represented this way include the following command Linux commands and other operating system commands when used are represented this way This style should indicate to you that you can type the word or phrase on the command line and press Enter to invoke a command Sometimes a command contains words that would be displayed in a different style on their own such as file names In these cases they are considered to be part of the command so the entire phrase is displayed as a command For example Use the cat test file command to view the contents of a file named test file in the current working directory file name File names directory names paths and RPM package names are represented this way This style should indicate that a particular file or directory exists by that name on your system Examples ii Introduction to the Guide The bashrc file in your home directory contains bash shell definitions and aliases for your own use The etc fstab file contains information about different system devices and file systems Install the webalizer RPM if you want to us
153. ferences for the system set Here are the tools broken down by section 6 4 4 8 1 System Set Manager Misc System Profile Updates 6 Clicking Update Hardware Profile then the Confirm Refresh button schedules a hardware profile update Clicking Update Package Profile then the Confirm Refresh button schedules a package profile update 6 4 4 8 2 System Set Manager Misc Custom System Information Clicking Set a custom value then the name of a key allows you to provide values for all selected systems Enter the information and click the Set Values button Clicking Remove a custom value then the name of a key allows you to remove values for all selected systems Click the Remove Values button to finalize the deletion 6 4 4 8 3 System Set Manager Misc Reboot Systems 8 Selecting the appropriate systems and then clicking the Reboot Systems link sets those systems for reboot To immediately cancel this action click the list of systems link that appears within the confir mation message at the top of the page select the systems and click Unschedule Action 6 4 4 8 4 System Set Manager Misc Lock Systems _6 Selecting the appropriate systems and then clicking the Lock Systems link prevents the scheduling of any action through RHN that would affect the systems This can be reversed by clicking the Unlock Systems link 6 4 4 8 5 System Set Manager Misc gt Delete Systems Clicking Delete System Profiles then the Co
154. fication Tool not to list specific packages To configure which packages to ignore click on the applet and select the Ignored Packages tab 4 2 Notification Icons The applet displays a different icon depending on the status of the updates Refer to Table 4 1 for details Updates are available System is up to date Checking for updates Table 4 1 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool Icons Chapter 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool 41 If you see the a icon it is highly recommended that you apply the updates Refer to Section 4 4 Applying Updates for information on applying updates If you have scheduled updates to be installed you can watch the applet icon to determine when updates are applied The icon changes to the icon after the Errata Updates are applied If you apply a kernel update or the kernel update is automatically applied the applet will display the until the system is rebooted with the new kernel If you click on the applet the Available Updates tab displays a list of packages that can be updated on your system 4 3 Viewing Updates Clicking on the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool displays a list of available updates To alter your list of excluded packages click the Ignored Packages tab and make your modifications Available Updates Ignored Packages Package Name Version Installed Available Canna Canna 3 5b2 70 Canna 3 5b2 70 8 0 1
155. ge 153 probes nocpulse 150 Process Count Total 155 Process Counts by State 154 Process Health 155 Process Running 156 Swap Usage 156 TCP Connections by State 157 Users 158 Virtual Memory 158 List Navigation explanation of 60 LogAgent Log Pattern Match 159 Log Size 160 probes nocpulse 159 macros within configuration Files interpolation 108 Management service level 2 Monitoring 115 All 117 Critical 117 Current State 117 General Config 118 introduction 119 list of probes 141 Notification 118 OK 117 Pending 117 prerequisites 119 Scout Config Push 118 service level 4 Status 116 Unknown 117 Warning 117 MySQL Database Accessibility 161 Open Tables 162 Opened Tables 161 probes 161 Query Rate 162 Threads Running 162 N navigation 57 Network Services DNS Lookup 163 FTP 163 IMAP Mail 164 Mail Transfer SMTP 164 Ping 165 POP Mail 165 probes 163 Remote Ping 166 RPCService 167 Secure Web Server HTTPS 167 SSH 168 Web Server HTTP 168 notes about systems 69 Notification filter 118 notifications creating methods 122 deleting methods 124 filtering 124 Monitoring 122 receiving 123 redirecting 123 0 Oracle Active Sessions 170 Availability 170 Blocking Sessions 170 Buffer Cache 171 Client Connectivity 171 Data Dictionary Cache 172 Disk Sort Ratio 173 Idle Sessions 173 Index Extents 173 Library Cache 174 Locks 175 probes 169 R
156. gure 2 26 To define a set of packages to be excluded according to the package name enter a character string including wild cards in the Add new text field under in the Package Names to Skip section A wild card at the end of the character string means all packages beginning with the character string will be excluded from the list A wild card at the beginning of the character string means any packages that end with the character string will be excluded from the list For example if the string kerne1 in the Package Names to Skip section the Red Hat Update Agent will not display any packages beginning with kernel To exclude packages by file name follow the same rules except click the Add button next to the File Names to Skip section General Retrieval Installation Package Exceptions Package Names to Skip Add new Add kernel Edit Remove File Names to Skip Add new Add Edit Remove OK Cancel Figure 2 26 Package Exceptions Settings 2 4 2 Command Line Version The command line version of this tool performs the same function as the graphical version It allows you to configure the settings used by the Red Hat Update Agent and store them in the configuration file etc sysconfig rhn up2date To run the command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool use the follow ing command up2date nox c
157. hannels that may be associated with the system lowest first Enter numbers in the Rank fields to establish the order in which chan nels are used Channels with no numeric value are not associated with the system This system s local configuration channel will always override all other channels for this system and therefore cannot have its rank adjusted from 1 All other channels are created in the Manage Config Chan nels interface within the Channels category Refer to Section 6 6 6 Manage Config Channels gt for instructions When satisfied click Update Local Overrides View and manage the default configuration files for the system If no files exist you may use the add files upload files and add directories links within the page description to associate files with this system These tabs correspond to those within the Configuration Channel Details page affecting your entire organization and available only to Configuration Administrators Refer to Section 6 6 6 5 Configuration Channel Details for instructions If a file exists click its name to amp the Configuration File Details page Refer to Section 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details for instructions To replicate the file within a config channel select its checkbox click the Copy to Config Channel button and select the destination channel To remove a file select it and click Delete Selected Files Sandbox Manipulate configuration files without deploying
158. has an RPM database that stores information about all the RPM packages installed on the system This information includes the version of the package which files were installed with the package a brief description of the package the installation date and more RPM Update Red Hat Network option to deliver the RPM packages based on the Errata Alert list to a client system without user intervention If this feature is selected packages are delivered through the Red Hat Network Daemon running on the client system S Security Alert An Errata Alert that pertains to system security Glossary 187 Service Level A Red Hat Network subscription service Different service levels offer different features of RHN There are three paid service levels currently available RHN Update RHN Management and RHN Provisioning Software Manager The name of the first Service Level offering for Red Hat Network Software Manager is now known as RHN Update System Directory The System Directory section of Red Hat Network allows an organization to divide its client systems into system groups Only members of the Organization Administrator group can add systems to the organization System ID A unique string of characters and numbers that identifies a registered system It is stored in the system s Digital Certificate System Profile Hardware and software information about the client system It is created during the registration process Th
159. he pulldown menu and click the Change Reload Time button 6 4 2 6 8 System Details Events Displays past current and scheduled actions on the system You may cancel pending events here The following sections describe the Events subtabs and the features they offer 6 4 2 6 8 1 System Details Events History The default display of the Events tab lists the type and status of events that have failed occurred or are occurring To view details of an event click its summary in the System History list To again view the table click Return to history list at the bottom of the page 6 4 2 6 8 2 System Details Events Pending Lists events that are scheduled but have not begun A prerequisite action is required to complete successfully before a given action will be attempted If an action has a prerequisite there will not be a checkbox available to cancel that specific action Instead there will be a checkbox next to the prerequisite action Cancelling the prerequisite action will cause the action in question to fail Actions can be chained in this manner so that action a requires action b which requires action c Action c will be the first one attempted and will be the one with the checkbox next to it until it is completed successfully if any action in the chain fails the remaining actions also fail To unschedule a pending event select the event and click the Cancel Events button at the bottom of the page The
160. he command parameters set for the probe while dump re trieves everything else including alert thresholds and notification intervals and methods Chapter 7 Monitoring 127 The command above will result in output similar to 5 ServiceProbe on example4 redhat com 199 168 36 175 yd linux cpu usage Run as Unix CPU pm critical 90 sshhost 199 168 36 175 warn 70 timeout 15 sshuser nocpulse shell SSHRemoteCommandShell sshport 4545 Now that you have the ID you use it with rnn rhnprobe to examine the probe s output Refer to Section 7 5 2 Viewing the output of rhn runprobe for instructions 7 5 2 Viewing the output of rhn runprobe Now that you ve obtained the probe ID with rhn catalog you can use it in conjunction with rhn runprobe to examine the complete output of the probe Note that by default rhn runprobe works in test mode meaning no results are entered in the database Here are its options Option Description o Sets numeric debugging level live Executes the probe and both enqueues data and sends out notifications if needed Table 7 1 rhn runprobe Options Ata minimum you should include the probe and 1og options and values The probe ID satisfies the former while the latter should be populated with a11 to request output from all run levels and the numeric level of verbosity Here is an example rhn runprobe probe 5 log all 4 More specifically you may provide the command par
161. he first time the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool is run a configuration wizard starts It displays the terms of service and allows the user to configure an HTTP proxy as shown in Figure 4 2 40 Chapter 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool Proxy Configuration If you need a HTTP proxy enter it here in the format HOST PORT e g squid mysite org 3128 C Enable HTTP Proxy Username X Cancel Back amp Forward Figure 4 2 HTTP Proxy Configuration If your network connection requires you to use an HTTP Proxy Server to make HTTP connec tions on the Proxy Configuration screen type your proxy server in the text field with the for mat HOST PORT For example to use the proxy server http squid mysite org on port 3128 enter squid mysite org 3128 in the text field Additionally if your proxy server requires a user name and password select the Use Authentication option and enter your username and password in the respective text fields o To run the configuration wizard again right click on the applet and select Configuration Your preferences are written to the file rhn applet conf in your home directory The Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool also uses the system wide configuration file etc sysconfig rhn rhn applet Do not modify the system wide configuration file it is automatically generated by the application You can also configure the Red Hat Network Alert Noti
162. here that will have different values interpolated when installed on various systems Refer to Section 6 6 6 7 Including Macros in your Configuration Files for a full description of this feature 6 6 6 6 2 Configuration File Details Revisions A list of the revisions of this configuration file in the current config channel Every change to a con figuration file creates a new revision of that file in the given config channel The latest revision of a configuration file is always the only one provided by that channel Revision numbers for a file are tied to a channel So revision 3 of etc foo in config channel bar is completely independent of revision 3 of etc foo in config channel baz You can examine revisions in the list or use the Browse and Upload File buttons to upload a more recent revision 6 6 6 6 3 Configuration File Details Diff A list of configuration files available for comparison Click the name of the channel containing the file then the name of the file itself A list of differences will appear 108 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 6 6 6 4 Configuration File Details Copy A list of configuration channels that may receive a copy of the file To copy the file to a channel select the channel s checkbox and click the Copy File button Copy to Config Channel Displays the global config channels for your organization To copy the latest revision of this file to channels select the appropr
163. hrough an RHN Proxy Server to get to the Satellite these trees will be available for kickstart Refer to Section 6 4 10 9 Kickstart Distributions B for instructions on setting up installation trees 88 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 10 1 Kickstart Prerequisites Although Red Hat Network has taken great pains to ease the provisioning of systems some prepara tion is still required for your infrastructure to handle kickstarts For instance before creating kickstart profiles you may consider A DHCP server is not required for kickstarting but it can make things easier If you are using static IP addresses you should select static IP while developing your kickstart profile An FTP server can be used in place of hosting the kickstart distribution trees via HTTP If conducting a bare metal kickstart you should 1 Configure DHCP to assign required networking parameters and the bootloader program location 2 Specify within the bootloader configuration file the kernel to be used and appropriate kernel options For a decription of the innerworkings of the kickstart process refer to Section 6 4 10 2 Kickstart Explained 6 4 10 2 Kickstart Explained When a machine is to receive a network based kickstart the following events must occur in this order 1 After being placed on the network and turned on the machine s PXE logic broadcasts its MAC address and a request to be discovered 2 If a static IP address is not be
164. iate checkboxes and click the Copy File button Copy to System Displays the system specific config channels for your organization To copy the latest revision of this file to channels select the appropriate checkboxes and click the Copy File button 6 6 6 7 Including Macros in your Configuration Files Being able to store and share identical configurations is useful but what if you have many variations of the same configuration file What do you do if you have configuration files that differ only in system specific details such as hostname and MAC address In traditional file management you would be required to upload and distribute each file separately even if the distinction is nominal and the number of variations is in the hundreds or thousands RHN addresses this by allowing the inclusion of macros or variables within the configuration files it man ages for Provisioning entitled systems In addition to variables for custom system information the following standard macros are supported rhn system sid rhn system profile_name rhn system description rhn system hostname rhn system ip_address rhn system custom_info key_name rhn system net_interface ip_address eth_device rhn system net_interface netmask eth_device rhn system net_interface broadcast eth_device rhn system net_interface hardware_address eth_device rhn system net_interface driver_module eth_device To use this powerful feature
165. iguration files associated with any of the selected systems Clicking its system count displays the systems already subscribed to the file To compare the configuration files deployed on the systems with those in RHN select the checkbox for each file to be validated Then click Analyze Differences and schedule the action Note that the files compared are of the latest version at the time of scheduling and do not account for versions that may appear before the action takes place Then find the results within the main Schedule category or within the System Details Events tab 6 4 4 6 3 System Set Manager gt Channels Base Channel Alteration 8 Channel Administrators may use this subtab to change the base channels the selected systems are subscribed to The default Red Hat base channel selection in the pulldown menu will subscribe the system to whichever Red Hat provided base channel representing the operating system installed on the system Systems will be unsubscribed from all channels and subscribed to the new base channels For this reason this should be done with caution Select the new base channel from the pulldown menus and click the Change Base Channels button 6 4 4 7 System Set Manager gt Provisioning Provisioning Options for provisioning systems through the following subtabs 6 4 4 7 1 System Set Manager gt Provisioning Kickstart 0 Use this subtab to re install the selected Provisioning entitled systems To s
166. ile By default all RPM packages in your RPM database are included in your System Profile to be up dated by Red Hat Network To exclude a package uncheck the package from the list by clicking the checkbox beside the package name For example Figure 5 11 shows that the procmail procps and psgml packages have been omitted from the package list Choose which packages to exclude if any from the System Profile and click Next to continue with the registration process 52 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client Step 3 Register a System Profile Packages RPM information is important to determine what updated software packages are relevant to this system F Include RPM packages installed on this system in my System Profile Below is a list of packages present on your system that RPM knows about printconf gui procinfo procmail pr procps X11 psacct psgml psmisc pspell pspell devel By default all packages that RPM knows about will be included in your System Profile Uncheck any packages which you do not want to be included lt Back D Next amp Cancel Figure 5 11 Choose which RPM Packages to Exclude from System Profile 5 5 Finishing Registration As seen in Figure 5 12 the last step of registration is to confirm that you want to send your System Profile to the Red Hat Network If you choose Cancel at this point no information will be sent Cli
167. in these subtabs which correspond with similar tabs on the Channel Details and Managed Channel Details pages 6 8 2 2 4 1 User Details Channel Permissions Subscription Identifies channels the user may subscribe systems to To change these select or unselect the appro priate checkboxes and click the Update Permissions button Note that channels subscribable through the user s admin status or the channel s global setting cannot be altered They are identified with a check icon 6 8 2 2 4 2 User Details Channel Permissions gt Management Identifies channels the user may manage To change these select or unselect the appropriate check boxes and click the Update Permissions button This status does not enable the user to create new channels Note that channels automatically manageable through the user s admin status cannot be al tered They are identified with a check icon Remember Organization Administrators and Channel Administrators can subscribe to or manage any channel Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 115 6 8 2 2 5 User Details Preferences Modifiable Red Hat Network options These include Email Notification Determine whether this user should receive email every time an Errata Alert is applicable to one or more systems in his or her RHN account as well as daily summaries of system events RHN List Page Size Maximum number of items that will appear in a list on a single page If more ite
168. ing Probes To add a probe to the system it must be entitled to Monitoring although Provisioning entitled systems may be monitored during the entitlement s technology preview Further you must have access to the system itself either as the system s individual administrator through the System Group Administrator role or as the Organization Administrator Then p Log into the RHN website as either an Organization Administrator or the System Group Ad ministrator for the system 2 Navigate to the System Details Probes tab and click create new probe 3 On the System Probe Creation page complete all required fields First select the Probe Com mand Group This alters the list of available probes and other fields and requirements Refer to Appendix C Probes for the complete list of probes by command group Remember that some probes require the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon to be installed on the client system 4 Select the desired Probe Command and the Monitoring Scout typically RHN Monitoring Satellite but possibly an RHN Proxy Server Enter a brief but unique description for the probe 5 Select the Probe Notifications checkbox to receive notifications when the probe changes state Use the Probe Check Interval pulldown menu to determine how often notifications should be sent Selecting 1 minute and the Probe Notification checkbox means you will receive no tifications every minute the probe surpasses its CRITICAL or WAR
169. ing probes select the Probe Notifications checkbox and select the new notification method from the resulting pulldown menu Understand that notification methods assigned to probes cannot be deleted until that association has been removed 7 3 2 Receiving Notifications If you create notification methods and associate them with probes you must be prepared to receive them These notifications will come in the form of brief text messages sent to either email or pager addresses Here is an example of an email notification Subject CRITICAL hostname Satellite Users at 1 From Monitoring Satellite Notification rogerthat01 redhat com Date Mon 6 Dec 2004 13 42 28 0800 To user organization com This is RHN Monitoring Satellite notification Oldc8hqw Time Mon Dec 06 21 42 25 PST State CRITICAL System hostname IP address Probe Satellite Users Message Users 6 above critical threshold of 2 Notification 116 for Users Run from RHN Monitoring Satellite As you can see the longer email notifications contain virtually everything you would need to know about the associated probe In addition to the probe command run time system monitored and state the message contains the Send ID which is a unique character string representing the precise message and probe In the above message the Send ID is 01dc8hqw Pager notifications by necessity contain only the most important details namely the subject of the email me
170. ing used the DHCP server recognizes the discovery request and extends an offer of network information needed for the new machine to boot This includes an IP address the default gateway to be used the netmask of the network the IP address of the TFTP or HTTP server holding the bootloader program and the full path and filename of that program relative to the server s root 3 The machine applies the networking information and initiates a session with the server to request the bootloader program 4 The bootloader once loaded searches for its configuration file on the server from which it was itself loaded This file dictates which kernel and kernel options such as the initial RAM disk initrd image should be executed on the booting machine Assuming the bootloader program is SYSLINUX this file will be located in the pxelinux cfg directory on the server and named the hexadecimal equivalent of the new machine s IP address For example a bootloader config uration file for Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 2 1 should contain port 0 prompt 0 timeout 1 default My_Label label My_Label kernel vmlinuz append ks http myrhnsatellite initrd initrd img network apic 5 The machine accepts and uncompresses the init image and kernel boots the kernel and initiates a kickstart installation with the options supplied in the bootloader configuration file including the server containing the kickstart configuration file 6 This kickstart configura
171. ing your systems By default all systems registered with the Red Hat Update Agent end up in the Ungrouped section of systems visible only to Organization Administrators To ensure you retain management of these systems Red Hat recommends your organization create an activation key as sociated with a specific system group and grant you permissions to that group You may then register your systems using that activation key and find those System Profiles within RHN immediately Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions After installing the Red Hat GPG key the screen in Figure 2 3 will appear It appears every time you start the Red Hat Update Agent Click Forward to continue Welcome to Red Hat Update Agent This is Red Hat Update Agent It will assist you in updating your Red Hat Linux system with the latest software available from Red Hat Network To continue click Forward To cancel without updating anything click CANCEL amp Cancel Back Foward Figure 2 3 Welcome Screen After clicking through the Welcome Screen the Red Hat Privacy Statement appears See Figure 2 4 Red Hat is committed to protecting your privacy The information gathered during the Red Hat Network registration process is used to create a System Profile which is essential to receiving update notifications about your system When satisfied click Forward Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 11
172. is User Datagram Protocol UDP ied ate O SNMP Community String SNMP Port 161 SNMP Version BEA Domain Admin Server sd BEA Server Name ae Table C 7 BEA WebLogic Server State settings C 3 5 BEA WebLogic Servlet The BEA WebLogic Servlet probe monitors the performance of a particular servlet deployed on a WebLogic server and collects the following metrics e High Execution Time The highest amount of time in milliseconds that the servlet takes to execute since the system was started Low Execution Time The lowest amount of time in milliseconds that the servlet takes to execute since the system was started Execution Time Moving Average A moving average of the execution time Execution Time Average A standard average of the execution time e Reload Rate The number of times the specified servlet is reloaded per minute Invocation Rate The number of times the specified servlet is invoked per minute This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP SNMP Community String SNMP Port 161 Appendix C Probes 147 Fea ae l BEA Domain AdminServer Serview Names o G Critical Maximum High Execution Time Warning Maximum High Execution Time Critical Maximum Execution Time Moving Average Warning Maximum Execution Time Moving Average Table C 8 BEA WebLogic Servlet settings C 4 General The probes in this section are designed to monitor ba
173. is link which appears only when new unentitled systems exist first make sure you have enough Management entitlements available If you need to purchase additional entitlements click the Buy more system entitlements now link at the top of the page After auto entitling a message appears at the top of the System Entitlements page indicating the number of systems successfully entitled to the Management service level When an entitlement expires the last system entitled to the same service level such as Management will be unentitled For instance if you have 10 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS systems entitled to Management and either one of the RHN entitlements or one of the operating system subscriptions expire the last system subscribed or entitled will have their subscription or entitlement removed 6 4 6 Advanced Search The System Search page allows you to search through your systems according to specific criteria These criteria include custom system information system details hardware devices interface net working packages and location The activity selections Days Since Last Checkin for instance can be especially useful in finding and removing outdated System Profiles Type the keyword select the criterion to search by use the radio buttons to identify whether you wish to query all systems or only those loaded in the System Set Manager and click the Search button Yo may also select the Invert Result checkbox to list those sy
174. isolinux files you got from the distribution cd while file iso is the output iso file put into the current directory You may then burn the ISO to CD ROM To use the disc assuming you left the label for the kickstart boot as ks you should boot and type ks at the prompt When you hit enter the kickstart should begin 6 4 10 12 Integrating Kickstart with PXE In addition to CD ROM based installs RHN supports kickstarts through a Pre Boot Execution Envi ronment PXE This is less error prone than CDs enables kickstarting from bare metal and integrates with existing PXE DHCP environments To use this method you should make sure your systems have network interface cards NIC that sup port PXE install and configure a PXE server ensure DHCP is running and then place the appropriate files on an HTTP server for deployment Once the kickstart profile has been created you may use the URL from the Kickstart Details page just as you do for CD ROM based installs To obtain specific instructions for conducting PXE kickstarts refer to the PXE Network Installations chapter of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 System Administration Guide Qr Upon running the Network Booting Tool as described in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 System Administration Guide ensure you select HTTP as the protocol and include the domain name of the RHN Satellite Server in the Server field if you intend to use it to distribute the installation files 6 5
175. ith a Base Channel but contains extra packages Client System See Registered System D Digital Certificate A client component in XML format that is stored in the etc sysconfig rhn systemid file on registered systems Red Hat Network verifies this certificate to authenticate the registered system before each connection This certificate is issued by Red Hat and passed to the system as part of the registration process It includes unique information about the registered system to avoid fraudulent use E Email Notification Similar to an Errata Alert except the information is delivered via email If the email notifi cations option is selected notifications are sent for every Red Hat Network Errata Alert The email includes the type of Errata Alert summary of the Errata description of the Errata and a list of which systems are affected by the report Enhancement Alert An Errata Alert that pertains to a package enhancement request Entitled Server A server that is subscribed to an RHN service level Because the server is entitled the RHN website can be used to manage its packages Errata Information published by Red Hat describing security fixes bug fixes and package enhance ments for Red Hat Enterprise Linux The information includes the topics of the Errata Bugzilla bug IDs relevant releases architectures solutions including required RPMs and MD5 check sums for verification Errata are also available at http
176. ition a lockup bug has been fixed in the tg3 gigabit Ethernet driver that affects all multiprocessor systems using this controller All users of Red Hat Linux 7 1 7 1K 7 2 7 3 and 8 0 should upgrade to these errata packages which are not vulnerable to these issues Figure 2 18 View Advisory The Available Package Updates screen is the next to appear If your system is not up to date your customized list of available updated packages is displayed as shown in Figure 2 19 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 23 Available Package Updates YZ Select all packages Package Name Version Release Arch Size 2 Canna 3 5b2 70 8 0 1 i386 7373 kB Canna devel 3 5b2 70 8 0 1 i386 442 kB Cannaibs 3 5b2 70 8 0 1 i386 368 kB fetchmail 5 9 0 21 8 0 i386 423 kB galeon 1 2 6 0 8 0 i386 2788 kB ggv 1 99 9 5 i386 323 kB X Package Information View Advisory Total size of selected packages to download 170757 kB amp Cancel Back gt Forward i Figure 2 19 List of Available Updates By default no packages are selected for download To select a package for download and installation if you chose that option click its checkbox To select all the packages listed click the checkbox next to Select all packages After choosing which packages to update the Red Hat Update Agent tests for RPM dependencies and prompts you if you have chosen to
177. ity of your Red Hat Linux systems are available to you in one place Red Hat Network Check out these benefits Red Hat Linux information updates and services specific to your systems Fast access and proactive delivery of updates including the 2 4 kernel The latest news from Red Hat when new products and services lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements lt Space gt selects lt F12 next screen Figure 5 15 Text Mode Welcome Screen 56 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client redhat Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website You can use the Red Hat Network website to manage multiple Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems simultaneously including viewing Errata Alerts applying Errata Updates and installing packages This chapter seeks to identify all of categories pages and tabs within the website and explain how to use them 6 1 Navigation The top navigation bar is divided into tabs of primary categories containing pages linked from the left navigation bar 6 1 1 Entitlement Views Keep in mind since this guide covers all entitlement levels some tabs pages and even whole cate gories described here may not be visible to you For this reason icons are used here to identify which functions are available to each entitlement level Management or higher io Provisioning o O C Monitoring Table 6 1 Entitlement Icons If no icon follows a category page or tab label within this
178. kage updates are available for their systems The list of updates is retrieved from the RHN Servers The system does not have to be registered with Red Hat Network to display a list of updates however retrieving the updates with the Red Hat Update Agent requires registration with Red Hat Network and a subscription to an RHN service offering The notifier does not send any identifiable information about the user or the system to the RHN Servers To use the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool you must install the rhn applet RPM pack age and use the X Window System Starting with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool appears on the panel by default as shown in Figure 4 1 ai aes mr sen 6 A fo Q A Start Here Fri Apr 05 Figure 4 1 GNOME Panel with Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool If it does not appear on the panel you can add it In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 select the Main Menu Button gt System Tools gt Red Hat Network Alert Icon To ensure the icon appears on subsequent sessions select the Save current setup checkbox when logging out In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 select the Main Menu Button gt Panel gt Add to Panel gt Applet gt Red Hat Network Monitor To move it around the panel right click on the applet select Move move the mouse left and right until it is in the desired location and click the mouse to place the applet 4 1 Configuring the Applet T
179. key 7202f3b7d218cf59b764f9f6e9fa281b Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 will use the serialnumber instead of activationkey like so rhnreg_ks serialnumber 7202f3b7d218cf 59b764f9f6e9fa281b In addition Provisioning entitled systems may use multiple activation keys at once either at the com mand line or within kickstart profiles to include a variety of values without creating a special key for the desired results To do this specify the keys separated by commas like this rhnreg_ks activationkey 7202f 3b7d218cf 59b764f9f6e9fa281b 39 41081 0329c20798876 37cb9p6a3 f Note The trailing backslash in this command example is a continuation character it may safely be omitted Refer to Section 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once to understand how differences in activation keys are handled This command performs all the actions of the Red Hat Network Registration Client and the regis tration function of the Red Hat Update Agent Do not run either of these applications for registration after running rhnreg_ks A System Profile including software and hardware information is created for the system and sent to the RHN Servers along with the unique activation key The system is registered with RHN under the account used to generate the key entitled to an RHN service offering and subscribed to the RHN channels and system groups selected during key generation The system will not be subscribed to
180. l 105 list of 104 Config Channels and Files Config Channel List 104 config management system preparation 104 Configuration Channel List Channel Details 106 File Details 107 configuration files manage 105 quota 105 Configuration Management command line tools 129 conventions document i custom information about systems 69 D daemon 37 deleting a system 68 Demo service level 2 Digital Certificate 4 download ISO images 101 E email address change 62 changing 114 entitlement with activation key 85 entitlements purchase history 63 Errata 94 Advanced Search 97 All Errata 96 apply applicable 70 Relevant Errata 95 Errata Alert Icons explanation of 59 Errata Alerts applying 96 searching 97 viewing details 97 viewing list of all errata 96 190 viewing list of applicable errata 95 Errata notifications automatic updates 4 G General probes 147 Remote Program 147 Remote Program with Data 147 SNMP Check 148 TCP Check 149 UDP Check 149 Uptime SNMP 150 getting started 5 GNU Privacy Guard 5 H hardware profile Updating on server 69 Help Desk 63 ISO images all 101 download 101 relevant 101 K kickstart explained 88 prerequisites 88 kickstart details page and tabs 89 kickstart profiles creating 89 L Linux CPU Usage 150 Disk IO Throughput 151 Disk Usage 151 Inodes 152 Interface Traffic 152 Load 153 Memory Usa
181. l below one hour it will default to four hours 240 minutes 3 2 Viewing Status You can view the status of the rhnsd by typing the command service rhnsd status or etc rce d init d rhnsd status ata shell prompt 3 3 Disabling To disable the daemon as root run the ntsysv utility and uncheck rhnsd You can also as root execute the command chkconfig rhnsd off Using these two methods will only disable the ser vice the next time the system is started To stop the service immediately use the command service rhnsd stop or etc re d init d rhnsd stop 38 Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon 3 4 Troubleshooting If you are seeing messages indicating checkins are not taking place the RHN client on your system is not successfully reaching Red Hat Network Make certain your client is configured correctly your system can communicate with RHN via SSL port 443 You may test this by running the following command from a shell prompt telnet xmlrpc rhn redhat com 443 the Red Hat Network Daemon is activated and running You may ensure this by running the follow ing commands chkconfig level 345 rhnsd on service rhnsd start If these are correct and your systems still indicate they are not checking in please contact our technical support team redhat Chapter 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool The Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool is a notifier that appears on the panel and alerts users when software pac
182. l of the options described above can be applied within these pages 6 4 2 1 All The All page contains the default set of your systems It displays every system you have permission to manage A user has permission to manage a system if he is the only user in his organization if he is an Organization Administrator or if the system is a member of a group to which he has admin rights 6 4 2 2 Out of Date The Out of Date page displays the systems that have applicable Errata Alerts that have not been applied 6 4 2 3 Unentitled The Unentitled page displays the systems that have not yet been entitled for Red Hat Network service 6 4 2 4 Ungrouped The Ungrouped page displays the systems that have not yet been assigned to a specific system group 6 4 2 5 Inactive The Inactive page displays the systems that have not checked into RHN for 24 hours or more When the Red Hat Update Agent connects to RHN to see if there are any updates available or if any actions have been scheduled this is considered a checkin If you are seeing a message indicating checkins are not taking place the RHN client on your system is not successfully reaching Red Hat Network for some reason This indicates The system is not entitled to any RHN service System Profiles that remain unentitled for 180 days 6 months are removed The system is entitled but the Red Hat Network Daemon has been disabled on the system Refer to Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon
183. l override system specific configuration channels and works similarly to the Global Config Channels page in that clicking the name of a system takes you to the List subtab of the Configuration Channel Details page Refer to Section 6 6 6 5 Configuration Channel Details for instructions 6 6 6 3 Manage Config Channels gt Manage Files The Manage Files page lists the configuration files managed by your organization The files here are listed by path A given path can exist in many configuration channels but each instance of a path in each configuration channel is treated as a seperate entity Clicking the number in the Config Channels column takes you to a list of channels containing the file From there you can access tabs of the Configuration Channel Details page Clicking the number in the Latest Revision column takes you to the Configuration File Details page Refer to Section 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details for instructions 6 6 6 4 Manage Config Channels Quota The Quota page displays the amount of disk space alloted and used for storing configuration files A summary of available and used space can be found at the top while individual file use is listed within the table Click the filename to go to the Configuration File Details page Refer to Section 106 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details for instructions Click the config channel name to access the Configuration Chan
184. latest rhncfg packages installed and the configfiles directory and associated files created on it Refer to Section 6 6 6 1 Preparing Systems for Config Management for instructions Command line tools also exist for many of these functions Refer to Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools for instructions Here are the options available within the system s Configuration tab each of which results in a separate subtab Managed Files List all configuration files currently associated with the system The Overrides column identifies which config file from which channel will apply if the system is unsubscribed from the config channel that provides the file now For instance if a system has etc foo from channel bar and etc foo from channel baz is in the Overrides column then unsubscribing from channel bar will mean that the file from channel baz will be applicable Also if nothing is in the Overrides column for a given file path then unsubscribing from the channel providing the file will mean that the file is no longer managed though it will not remove the file from the system Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 73 e Diff Validate the configuration files installed on the system by comparing them to versions stored in RHN s central configuration manager Select the files to be diffed and click Analyze Differences Config Channels Set the subscription and rank of configuration c
185. le across systems using a config channel Refer to Section 6 6 6 1 Preparing Systems for Config Management for details f Note If valid entries already exist in authorized_keys add the daemon key to the file rather than use it to replace it Do this by saving the copied text to id_dsa pub in the same ssh directory and then running the command cat ssh id_dsa pub gt gt ssh authorized_keys 5 Finally ensure the ssh directory and authorized_keys file have the appropriate permis sions set This can be done as the daemon s user with the following commands chmod 700 ssh chmod 600 ssh authorized_keys Once the key is in place and accessible all probes that require it should begin to allow ssh connec tions between the Monitoring infrastructure and the monitored system You may then schedule probes requiring the monitoring daemon to run against the newly configured systems 7 3 Notifications In addition to viewing probe status within the RHN interface you may be notified whenever a probe changes state This is especially important when monitoring mission critical production systems For this reason Red Hat recommends taking advantage of this feature To enable probe notifications within RHN you must have identified a mail exchange server and mail domain during installation of your RHN Satellite Server and configured sendmail to properly handle incoming mail Refer to the Installation chapter of the RHN Satellite Server
186. lected groups select them and click the Work with Intersection button To add all systems in all selected groups select them and click the Work with Union button Each system will show up once regardless of the number of groups to which it belongs Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for details Status Shows which type of Errata Alerts are applicable to the group or confirms that it is up to date Clicking on a group s status icon takes you to the Errata tab of its System Group Details page Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group Details for more information The status icons call for differing degrees of attention ee All systems within group are up to date Qe Critical Errata available update strongly recommended g amp Updates available and recommended Group Name The name of the group as configured during its creation The name should be explicit enough to easily differentiate between it and other groups Clicking on the name of a group takes you to Details tab of its System Group Details page Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group ute i Details for more information 78 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website Systems Total number of systems contained by the group Clicking on the number takes you to the Systems tab of the System Group Details page for the group Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group Details for more information Use in SSM Clicking the Use Group but
187. lishengecsscigessuaeugenecisnesssusen ccadatusvaneveccescasess 59 6 LS Systems Selected dariis iiis E EEEN E E E A a 59 OG Listsisvi cs nnne 59 6 2 Logging into the RHN Website 60 6 3 Your RHN a a r E A ETE a deveagiaasotode dea EAVES sendy cleseaee 60 62 1 YOU ACCOUNE n A E IESE E OERE EA EAR 62 6 3 2 Your Preferences 63 6 3 3 Purchase History 63 OSA HELP i ieeceed E E E E E susbesvtu tevessueagouevsesie OAS SYSE Seas SEEE AEAEE ENEE teeth AE EOE T 6 4 1 Overview 6 4 2 Systems 0 6 4 3 System Groups Wai occ ce cesesnenecessesseeceesesesssesesessessseeecesasseneees 76 6 4 4 System Set Manager NEEE E cere sioebareteesesasepueseavenssuduses 79 6 4 5s Syst m Entitlements ooreis Kao concoct tu Ei e ONG S EE E 84 6 4 6 Advanced Search 35 A we 85 6 4 7 Activation Keys _ E ae 85 6 4 8 Stored Profiles Pere 6 4 9 Custom System Info bye 6 4 10 Kickstart EP cae adeno E E RAEE E AEA Eaa e 69 2 Advanced Searc himna a ENEN O EEA AA Ea 60 Channels one a a A a O AA T A A ENSA 97 6 6 1 Software Channels oror 6 6 2 Channel Entitlements g 6 0 3 Easy ISOS n oen AA EA E T RR a i 6 6 4 Package Search 6 6 5 Software Packages 6 6 6 Manage Config Channels 6 7 Schedule OTL Pending A CONS iee ar erence EE A E teeta a 109 6 1 2 Failed Acon sennasta e ene e SA AEA ORAR EEEN 6 7 3 Completed Actions 6 7 4 Archived Actions G57 D3 ACHOMNS ASU
188. lly result in an UNKNOWN status but not always Timeout periods are entered in seconds unless otherwise indicated Exceptions to these rules are noted within the individual probe references EB important Some probes have thresholds based upon time In order for CRITICAL and WARNING thresholds based upon time to work as intended their values cannot exceed the amount of time allotted to the timeout period Otherwise an UNKNOWN status will be returned in all instances of extended latency thereby nullifying the thresholds For this reason Red Hat strongly recommends ensuring timeout periods exceed all timed thresholds 142 Appendix C Probes C 2 Apache 1 3 x and 2 0 x The probes in this section may be applied to instances of the Apache HTTP Server Although the default values presume you will apply these probes using standard HTTP you may also use them over secure connections by changing the application protocol to https and the port to 443 C 2 1 Apache Processes The Apache Processes probe monitors the processes executed on an Apache HTTP Server and col lects the following metrics Data Transferred Per Child Records data transfer information only on individual children A child process is one that is created from another process or the parent process Data Transferred Per Slot The cumulative amount of data transferred by a child process that restarts The number of slots is configured in the httpd conf file using the
189. ls Manage the channels associated with the system 6 4 2 6 4 1 System Details Channels Software Software channels provide a well defined method to determine which packages should be available to a system for installation or upgrade based upon its operating systems packages and functionality Click a channel name to view its Channel Details page To modify the child channels associated with this system use the checkboxes next to the channels and click the Change Subscriptions button You will receive a success message or be notified of any errors To change the system s base channel select the new one from the pulldown menu and click the Modify Base Channel button Refer to Section 6 6 1 Software Channels for more information 6 4 2 6 4 2 System Details Channels gt Configuration Assists in managing the configuration of the system This section is available to normal users with access to systems that have configuration management enabled Like software channels configura tion channels store files to be installed on systems While software updates are provided by RHN configuration files are managed solely by you Also unlike software packages various versions of configuration files may prove useful to a system at any given time Remember only the latest version can be deployed If you want to distribute an older version through RHN make it the latest version first To manage the configuration of a system it must have the
190. ls containing them issue the command rhncefg client list You should see output resembling Config Channel File config channel 17 etc foo txt config channel 17 var spool aalib rpm config channel 14 etc foo txt A 1 2 Getting a Config File To download the most relevant configuration file for the machine issue the command rhncfg client get etc foo txt You should see output resembling Deploying etc foo txt You may then more the file to view its contents Note that the file is selected as most relevant based upon the rank of the config channel containing it This is accomplished within the Configuration tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for instructions 130 Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools A 1 3 Viewing Config Channels To view the labels and names of the config channels that apply to the system issue the command rhncefg client channels You should see output resembling Config channels Label Name config channel 17 config chan 2 config channel 14 config chan 1 A 1 4 Differentiating between Config Files To obtain a difference between the config files deployed on the system and those for it stored by RHN issue the command rhncfg client diff You should see output resembling tmp 3603 0 rhn cfg tmp 2004 01 13 14 18 31 000000000 0500 etc foo txt 2003 12 16 21 35 32 000000000 0500 1 3 1 5 blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaah In addition y
191. lues and the thresholds that may be set to trigger alerts Similarly the beginning of each command group s section contains information applicable to all probes in that group But before we begin examining individual probes let s cover general guidelines for them all Note Nearly all of the probes use Transmission Control Protocol TCP as their transport protocol Excep tions to this are noted within the individual probe references C 1 Probe guidelines The purpose of each probe is to obtain metrics from and identify the status of the system or application being monitored To accomplish this first review the probe descriptions in this appendix Then apply relevant probes to Monitoring entitled systems within your organization as described in Section 6 9 Monitoring While adding those probes select meaningful thresholds that when crossed notify you and your ad ministrators of problems within your infrastructure All probes that have been scheduled but are not yet running show a PENDING status in the Status Bar while those with successful results not ex ceeding any thresholds display an OK status Note that thresholds can be minimums maximums or both depending on the probe A CRITICAL status is reported for the probe if it returns a value exceeding its critical threshold while a WARNING status is returned for metrics beyond the warning threshold Probes not run on the target system within the selected timeout period usua
192. ly on this tab Most impor tantly a system may be locked by clicking the Lock system link near the bottom left corner of the page This prohibits the scheduling of any action through RHN that would affect the system including package updates and system reboots To undo this click the Unlock system link in the same location Finally still other Provisioning level features can be found here as well The most important of these is the marker indicating the client system can have actions pushed to it This feature requires it be connected to an RHN Satellite Server that has this feature enabled and is identified by the OSA Status section within the System Details page Push enables Satellite customers to immediately initiate tasks on Provisioning entitled systems rather than wait for those systems to check in with RHN Scheduling actions through push is identical to the process of scheduling any other action except the task will begin immediately instead of waiting the set interval In addition to the configuration of the Satellite each client system to receive pushed actions must have the osad package installed and its service started Refer to the Enabling Push to Clients section of the RHN Satellite Server Installation Guide for details The Details tab contains the following subsets of information 6 4 2 6 1 1 System Details Details Overview A summary of the system s details In addition to the system status message the Overvie
193. ly systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 need to use this separate Red Hat Network Registration Client before starting the Red Hat Update Agent Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 have this registration functionality built into the Red Hat Update Agent After registering your system refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for instructions on starting the Red Hat Update Agent and begin steps listed in Section 2 3 Setup and Use 5 1 Configuring the Red Hat Network Registration Client To start the graphical interface for configuring the application to connect through an HTTP proxy server type the following command at a shell prompt rhn_register configure The window shown in Figure 5 1 will appear General Network Settings Select a Red Hat Network server to use https xmirpe rhn redhat com XMLRPC x If you need a HTTP proxy enter it here in the format HOST PORT e g squid mysite arg 3128 Enable HTTP Proxy li I Use Authentication Usemame Figure 5 1 Red Hat Network Registration Client Configuration To start the command line version use the command rhn_register nox configure 44 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client It has more configuration options than the graphical version You will be presented with a list of options and their current values 0 enableProxyAuth No 1 noSSLServerURL http xmlrpc rhn redhat com XMLRPC 2 oemiInfoFile etc sysconfig rhn oeminfo
194. m Space Used Critical Maximum Space Available Warning Maximum Space Available Table C 63 RHN Satellite Server Disk Space settings C 10 2 RHN Satellite Server Execution Time The RHN Satellite Server Execution Time probe monitors the execution time for probes run from a Satellite and collects the following metric Probe Execution Time Average The seconds it takes to fully execute a probe Fld Value Critical Maximum Probe Execution Time Average fh t CC Warning Maximum Probe Execution Time Average Po Table C 64 RHN Satellite Server Execution Time settings C 10 3 RHN Satellite Server Interface Traffic The RHN Satellite Server Interface Traffic probe monitors the interface traffic on a Satellite and collects the following metrics Input Rate The amount of traffic in bytes per second the device receives Output Rate The amount of traffic in bytes per second the device sends Fed Value Appendix C Probes 179 fied ne Timeout seconds 30 Critical Maximum Input Rate Ooo Critical Maximum Output Rate E Table C 65 RHN Satellite Server Interface Traffic settings C 10 4 RHN Satellite Server Latency The RHN Satellite Server Latency probe monitors the latency of probes on a Satellite and collects the following metric Probe Latency Average The lag in seconds between the time a probe becomes ready to run and the time it is actually run Under normal c
195. m after registration and is used to authenticate the system during each transaction between the client and Red Hat Network The file is only readable by the root user on the client system 3 All notifications and information messages are signed by Red Hat with an electronic signature using GPG RPM can be used to verify the authenticity of the package before it is installed 4 All transactions are encrypted using a Secure Sockets Layer SSL connection 5 All packages are tested and verified by the Red Hat Quality Assurance Team before they are added to the Red Hat Errata list and Red Hat Network 1 8 Before You Begin By default all the software packages you need to use Red Hat Network are installed with Red Hat distributions However if you chose not to install them during the installation process you will need to obtain the Red Hat Update Agent up2date and possibly the Red Hat Network Registration Client rhn_register In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 registration functionality is built into the Red Hat Update Agent while Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 users will need the Red Hat Network Registration Client y waming The SSL certificate packaged with older versions of the Red Hat Update Agent and the Red Hat Network Registration Client reached its end of life August 28 2003 Users attempting to connect using this certificate will receive SSL connection or certificate verification errors You may view and obtain the versions of these
196. m with the package sets of similar systems with one click Search Systems Search through systems based on a number of criteria packages networking information even hardware asset tags System Grouping Web servers database servers workstations and other workload focused sys tems may be grouped so that each set can be administered in common ways Multiple Administrators Administrators may be given rights to particular system groups easing the burden of system management over very large organizations System Set Manager You may now apply actions to sets of systems instead of single systems Work with members of a predefined system group or work with an ad hoc collection of systems Install a single software package to each subscribe the systems to a new channel or apply all Errata to them with a single action Batch Processing Figuring out a list of outdated packages for a thousand systems would take days for a dedicated sysadmin Red Hat Network Management service can do it for you in seconds 1 4 Provisioning As the highest management service level RHN Provisioning encompasses all of the features offered in the RHN Demo Update and Management subscription levels It is designed to allow you to deploy and manage your network of Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems users and system groups Like Management Provisioning is based upon an organization But it takes this concept a step fur ther by enabling c
197. me and password to view all your systems simultaneously Step 2 Register or Update a User Account Required Information Are you already registered with redhat com Yes Enter your current user name and password below No Choose a new user name and password and enter it below User name myname Password pee OOOO O O Password again for verification GR E mail address user example com Org Info If you want this server to be registered as part of an existing organization enter the information for that here organization ID Organization password lt j Back gt Next amp Cancel Figure 5 7 Create a Unique Username and Password Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 49 Most users can leave the Org Info section blank If you have an existing organization account work with your Organization Administrator to ensure your system is added to that account This will re quire entering your organization s ID and password in the provided text fields If the values are valid the system will be added to the organization s Red Hat Network account Your Organization Admin istrator can then create your user account through the Users category of the RHN website Refer to Section 6 8 2 1 Create User for instructions Click Next to continue 5 4 Registering a System Profile Now that you have a user account you can create a System Profile that consists of hardware and software information about you
198. ms are in the list clicking the Next button will display the next group of items This preference applies to the user s view of system lists Errata lists package lists and so on Time Zone Set this user s time zone so that scheduled actions are arranged according to the time in the relevant time zone Red Hat Contact Options Identify what ways email phone fax or mail Red Hat may contact the user To modify any of these options make your changes and click the Save Preferences button 6 8 2 2 6 User Details Addresses General address billing address and shipping address for the user as configured during user cre ation To modify these addresses click Edit this address below the address to be modified make the changes and click the Update button 6 8 2 2 7 User Details Notification Methods Email and pager addresses designated to receive alerts from Monitoring probes To create a method click create new method and complete the fields If you will receive these alerts via pager select the associated checkbox to have the messages sent in a shorter format When finished click Create Method The method will show up in the Methods list from which it can be edited and deleted You may delete notification methods here as well If the notification method has probes attached to it you are presented with a list of the probes Note that if you are a Monitoring Administrator and cannot manage the system in
199. n 6 3 2 Your Preferences for instructions Note that RHN will send these summaries only to verified email addresses Automatic application of relevant Errata This setting allows you have all Errata Updates au tomatically applied to systems This means packages associated with Errata will be updated without any user intervention Customers should note that Red Hat does not recommend the use of the auto update feature for production systems because conflicts between packages and environments can cause system failures 6 4 5 System Entitlements To use all of the features of RHN your systems must be entitled subscribed to an RHN service level Use the System Entitlements page to configure which systems are entitled to which service offerings There are three primary types of entitlements Update should be used to manage a single Red Hat Enterprise Linux system It includes Errata Alerts Scheduled Errata Updates Package Installation and the Red Hat Update Agent Management should be used to manage multiple systems with multiple system administrators In addition to the features of the Update offering it includes system group management user man agement and the System Set Manager interface to quickly perform actions on multiple systems Provisioning offers the highest level of functionality It should be used to provision multiple sys tems that will need to be re installed and reconfigured regularly The Provisio
200. n easy button click for each system 1 3 Management In addition to the features offered in the RHN Demo and Update subscription levels the RHN Manage ment subscription service allows you to manage your network of Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems users and system groups through its System Set Manager interface RHN Management is based upon the concept of an organization Each Management level Red Hat customer has the ability to establish users who have administration privileges to system groups An Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview 3 Organization Administrator has overall control over each Red Hat Network organization with the ability to add and remove systems and users When users other than the Organization Administrator log into the Red Hat Network website they see only the systems they have permission to administer To create an account that can be used to entitle systems to RHN Management go to https rhn redhat com and click on the Create Account link under the Sign In fields On the Sign Up for Red Hat Network page click Create a new Corporate Login After creating a corporate account you may add users within your organization to it The Red Hat Network features available to you depend on the subscription level for each Red Hat Enterprise Linux system With each Management subscription you receive the functionality provided to Demo and Update users plus Package Profile Comparison Compare the package set on a syste
201. n like the following example Go to Applications the main menu on the panel gt Programming gt Emacs Text Editor to start the Emacs text editor button on a GUI screen or window This style indicates that the text can be found on a clickable button on a GUI screen For example Click on the Back button to return to the webpage you last viewed computer output Text in this style indicates text displayed to a shell prompt such as error messages and responses to commands For example The 1s command displays the contents of a directory For example Desktop about html logs paulwesterberg png Mail backupfiles mail reports Introduction to the Guide iii The output returned in response to the command in this case the contents of the directory is shown in this style prompt A prompt which is a computer s way of signifying that it is ready for you to input something is shown in this style Examples stephen maturin stephen leopard login user input Text that the user has to type either on the command line or into a text box on a GUI screen is displayed in this style In the following example text is displayed in this style To boot your system into the text based installation program you must type in the text com mand at the boot prompt lt replaceable gt Text used for examples which is meant to be replaced with data provided by the user is displayed in this style In the following example lt
202. n the system for this one to function properly It also lists packages that it obsoletes or has conflicts with 6 6 5 3 1 3 Package Details Details Change Log The events of this package s history listed in reverse chronological order This information is similar to issuing the command rpm q changelog packagename 6 6 5 3 1 4 Package Details Details File List A list of the files that comprise this package including their MD5 Sums and sizes This information is similar to issuing the command rpm ql packagename 6 6 5 3 2 Package Details Newer Versions List of newer versions of the packages released via Errata Alerts 6 6 5 3 3 Package Details Installed Systems List of systems with this package installed 6 6 5 3 4 Package Details gt Target Systems List of systems on which the package can be installed Go here to install packages on entitled systems Refer to Section 6 6 5 1 Software Package Install for instructions 104 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 6 6 Manage Config Channels Provides the means to create and oversee channels containing configuration files You must be an Configuration Administrator or Organization Administrator to view this section of the website Like software channels configuration channels store files to be installed on systems Unlike software pack ages various versions of configuration files may prove useful to a system at any given time Further RHN allows you t
203. namespace e Cache Misses The number of pins of objects with previous pins since the object handle was created that must now retrieve the object from disk Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Library Cache Miss Ratio Po Warning Maximum Library Cache Miss Ratio Po Table C 57 Oracle Library Cache settings Appendix C Probes 175 C 9 11 Oracle Locks The Oracle Locks probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following metric e Active Locks The current number of active locks as determined by the value in the v locks table Database administrators should be aware of high numbers of locks present in a database instance Locks are used so that multiple users or processes updating the same data in the database do not conflict This probe is useful for alerting database administrators when a high number of locks are present in a given instance Fie fae JOrctesipe o G Oracle Usemamet o o Oracle Password PO Oracle Port o Timeow o Oracle Port 1521 Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Active Locks Be i Waming Maximum Active Locks C Table C 58 Oracle Locks settings C 9 12 Oracle Redo Log The Oracle Redo Log probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following metrics Redo Log Space Request Rate The average number of redo log space requests per minute since the server has been started e Redo Buff
204. nctions are limited to Organization Administrators and System Group Administrators To add a new group click create new group on the top right corner In the resulting page type its name and description in the identified fields and click the Create Group button To add or remove the selected systems in any of the system groups toggle the appropriate radio buttons and click the Alter Membership button Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 81 6 4 4 6 System Set Manager Channels Options to manage channel associations through the following subtabs 6 4 4 6 1 System Set Manager Channels Channel Subscriptions To subscribe or unsubscribe the selected systems in any of the channels toggle the appropriate radio buttons and click the Alter Subscriptions button Keep in mind subscribing to channels uses up channel entitlements and if not enough channel entitlements are available not all systems will get an entitlement Similarly systems will be subscribed to a child channel only if they are subscribed to the base channel that is the parent of the child channel in question 6 4 4 6 2 System Set Manager Channels gt Config Channels Like the options within the System Details Channels Configuration tab the subtabs here can be used to subscribe the selected systems to configuration channels and deploy and compare the configuration files on the systems The channels are created in the Manage Config Channels interface within
205. nee Critical Minimum Value ae Table C 11 General SNMP Check settings C 4 4 General TCP Check The General TCP Check probe tests your TCP server by verifying it can connect to a system via the specified port number It collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the TCP server to answer a connection request The probe will pass the string specified in the Send field upon making a connection The probe will anticipate a response from the system which should include the substring specified in the Expect field If the expected string is not found the probe returns a CRITICAL status ied Mae O send Expect o G 10 Critical Maximum Lateney Waring Maximum Latenoy PO Table C 12 General TCP Check settings C 4 5 General UDP Check The General UDP Check probe tests your UDP server by verifying it can connect to a system via the specified port number It collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the UDP server to answer a connection request The probe will pass the string specified in the Send field upon making a connection The probe will anticipate a response from the system which should include the substring specified in the Expect field If the expected string is not found the probe returns a CRITICAL status This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP 150 Appendix C Probes Fea V
206. nel Details page Refer to Section 6 6 6 5 Configuration Channel Details for instructions 6 6 6 5 Configuration Channel Details If you click on the name of a channel in a list the Configuration Channel Details page will appear This page contains the following tabs 6 6 6 5 1 Configuration Channel Details gt Details ti General information about the channel This is the first tab you see when you click on a channel It displays basic information about the channel including name and description and provides the means to alter this information To make changes enter new values in the text fields and click the Edit Config Channel button 6 6 6 5 2 Configuration Channel Details gt Files Configuration files associated with this channel Use the subtabs to view upload and create files 6 6 6 5 2 1 Configuration Channel Details Files List B Displays the files and directories associated with the configuration channel Files are represented by a paper icon while directories display folder icons Click the name of a file or directory to go to its details page Refer to Section 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details for instructions To replicate a file within a config channel select its checkbox click the Copy to Config Channel button and select the destination channel To remove a file select it and click Delete Selected Files 6 6 6 5 2 2 Configuration Channel Details Files Upload Enables you to im
207. nfirm Deletions button removes the selected profiles permanently 6 4 4 8 6 System Set Manager Misc Upgrade System Entitlements 8 Clicking Upgrade to Entitlement upgrades the entitlement for as many selected systems as possi ble Keep in mind entitlements cannot be downgraded 84 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 4 8 7 System Set Manager Misc System Preferences B Toggling the Yes and No radio buttons and then clicking the Change Preferences button alters your notification preferences for the selected systems All of these preferences may also be applied to systems individually through the Properties subtab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 2 System Details Details Properties for instructions Receive Notifications of Updates Errata This setting keeps you abreast of all advisories per taining to your systems Anytime an update is produced and released for a system under your supervision a notification is sent via email Include system in Daily Summary This setting includes the selected systems in a daily sum mary of system events By default all Management and Provisioning systems are included in the summary These are actions affecting packages such as scheduled Errata Updates and system re boots or failures to check in In addition to including the systems here you must choose to receive email notifications in the Your Preferences page of the Your RHN category Refer to Sectio
208. ng Mark the checkboxes beside the systems you want to select and click the Update List button below the column to add them to the System Set Manager You can access the System Set Manager page in three ways 1 The System Set Manager button in the left navigation bar 2 The Use Group button in the System Groups list or Work with Group on the System Group Details page to work 3 The Manage button just below the top navigation bar The System Set Manager page is broken down into tabs 6 4 4 1 System Set Manager Overview Description of the various options available to you in the remaining tabs 80 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 4 4 2 System Set Manager Systems List of systems now selected To remove systems from this set select them and click the Remove button 6 4 4 3 System Set Manager gt Errata List of Errata Updates applicable to the current system set Click the number in the Systems column to see to which systems in the System Set Manager the given Errata applies to To apply updates select the Errata and click the Apply Errata button 6 4 4 4 System Set Manager Packages Options to modify packages on the system within the following subtabs Click the number in the Systems column to see to which systems in the System Set Manager the given package applies to When selecting packages to install upgrade or remove Provisioning customers have the option of running a remote command automati
209. ng from an RHN Server and not the monitored system So popu lating the IP Address field does not test connectivity between the system and the specified IP address but between the RHN Server and the IP address Therefore entering the same IP address for Ping probes on different systems accomplishes precisely the same task To conduct a ping from a moni tored system to an individual IP address use the Remote Ping probe instead Refer to Section C 8 7 Network Services Remote Ping Fed o 20 10 Critical Maximum Packet Loss Warning Maximum Packet Loss Table C 41 Network Services Ping settings Warning Maximum Round Trip Average C 8 6 Network Services POP Mail The Network Services POP Mail probe determines if it can connect to the POP3 port on the system Specifying another port number which is required will override the default port 110 This probe 166 Appendix C Probes collects the following metric e Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the POP server to answer a connection request The required Expect value is the string to be matched against after a successful connection is made to the POP server The probe will look for the string in the first line of the response from the system The default is OK If the expected string is not found the probe will return a CRITICAL state Fed Value Timeout Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency o Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Do Table C
210. ng modes available for populating and maintaining that channel A 2 2 Adding Files to a Config Channel To add a file to a config channel you need to specify the channel label as well as the local file to be uploaded such as rhncfg manager add channel channel label path to file 132 Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools In addition to the required channel label and path to the file you may use the available options for modifying the file during its addition For instance you may alter the path and filename by including the dest file option in the command like rhncfg manager add channel channel label dest file new path to file txt path to file You should see output resembling Pushing to channel blah Local file gt path to file gt remote file new path to file txt A 2 2 1 Add Options The following options are applicable to the add mode Description Display this list of options and exits Required Use this config channel d dest file DEST_FILE Conflicts with topdir Identify the destination path and filename of a single file topdir TOPDIR Conflicts with dest file Handle multiple files at a different location than their destination path Make all files relative to this string delim start DELIM_START Start delimiter for variable interpolation delim end DELIM_END End delimiter for variable interpolation Table A 1 Add Options A 2 3 Differentiating bet
211. ning offering provides tools for kickstarting machines managing their configuration files conducting snapshot rollbacks and inputting searchable custom system information as well as all of the functionality included in the Management service level The System Entitlements page allows you to view and promote the entitlements for your registered systems Only increases in entitlement levels are allowed Systems cannot be re entitled to a lower entitlement level For instance a system entitled to the Update service level can be promoted to the Management level but this action cannot be reversed To change an individual entitlement select the entitlement from the system s pulldown menu and click the Update Entitlements button on the bottom right hand corner of the page Click the name of a system to see details about it If no drop down menu exists for your Update level system you may need to purchase a Management entitlement Do this through the Buy Now link at the left of the page Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 85 A waming Changing a system s entitlement is an irreversible action You may be unable to change the entitle ment levels of some systems For more information refer to the RHN entitlement policy linked from the System Entitlements page In addition you may entitle all newly registered systems to the Management service level at once by clicking the Auto Entitle Newest Servers Now link at the bottom of the page To use th
212. nistrator 2 Navigate to the Monitoring Notifications page and click the name of the method to be removed 3 On the User Details gt Notification Methods tab click delete method If the method isn t as sociated with any probes you are presented with a confirmation page Click Confirm Deletion The notification method is removed Since both the notification method name and address can be edited consider updating the method rather than deleting it This will redirect notifications from all probes using the method without having to edit each probe and create a new notification method 4 If the method is associated with one or more probes instead of a confirmation page you are presented with a list of the probes using the method and the systems to which the probes are attached Click the probe name to go directly to the System Details Probes tab 5 On the System Details Probes tab select another notification method and click Update Probe 6 You may now return to the Monitoring gt Notifications page and delete the notification method Chapter 7 Monitoring 125 7 4 Probes Now that the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon has been installed and notification methods have been created you may begin installing probes on your Monitoring entitled systems If a system is entitled to Monitoring a Probes tab appears within its System Details page It is here where you will conduct most probe related work 7 4 1 Manag
213. number selected at all times and provides the means to work with them Clicking the Clear button deselects all systems while clicking the Manage button launches the System Set Manager with your selected systems in place These systems can be selected in a number of ways Only systems entitled to the Management and Provisioning service are eligible for selection On all system and system group lists a Select column exists for this purpose Select the checkboxes next to the systems or groups and click the Update List button below the column Each time the Systems Selected tool at the top of the page will change to reflect the new number of systems ready for use in the System Set Manager Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for details 60 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 6 1 6 Lists The information within most categories is presented as lists These lists have some common features for navigation For instance you can navigate through virtually all lists by clicking the back and next arrows above and below the right side of the table Some lists also offer the ability to retrieve items alphabetically by clicking the letters above the table 6 2 Logging into the RHN Website In a Web browser go to http rhn redhat com The page shown in Figure 6 1 will be displayed pe pice Q RED HAT NETWORK Sign In About RHH Packages xil Q search RedHatLogins RED HAT NETWORK ws Red Hat Network is a complete systems
214. o Table C 70 RHN Satellite Server Processes settings C 10 9 RHN Satellite Server Process Health The RHN Satellite Server Process Health probe monitors customer specified processes and collects the following metrics CPU Usage The CPU usage percent for a given process e Child Process Groups The number of child processes spawned from the specified parent process A child process inherits most of its attributes such as open files from its parent Threads The number of running threads for a given process A thread is the basic unit of CPU utilization and consists of a program counter a register set and a stack space A thread is also called a lightweight process Physical Memory Used The amount of physical memory in kilobytes being used by the specified process e Virtual Memory Used The amount of virtual memory in kilobytes being used by the specified process or the size of the process in real memory plus swap Specify the process by either command name or process I D PID Entering a PID will override the entry of a command name If no command name or PID is entered the error Command not found will be displayed and the probe will be set to a CRITICAL state Process ID PID file Timeout Critical Maximum CPU Usage Warning Maximum CPU Usage Critical Maximum Child Process Groups Warning Maximum Child Process Groups 182 Appendix C Probes Table C 71 RHN Satellite Server Proce
215. o Cyclops none Provisioning System Legend Red Hat Enterprise af its Yona a 11 20 gotham devel redhat com Linux AS Provisioning Critical Updates SE for x g Updates Red Hat Enterprise tocea L 18 35 gotham64 devel redhat com LinuxAS Provisioning a Kickstarting Ka for Pending Actions Red Hat Enterprise Not Checking In la 15 28 gotham64 devel redhat com Linux AS Management 3 for 3 Unentitled x86 K o D linux an Provisioning BUY NOW Extra Entitlements Red Hat oe Enterprise id a 12 21 magneto Linux AS Provisioning 4 o a Figure 6 3 Systems Overview Clicking the View System Groups link at the top of the Overview page takes you to a similar sum mary of your system groups It identifies group status and displays the number of systems contained Clicking on the number of systems takes you to the Systems tab of the System Group Details page while clicking on the system name takes you to the Details tab Refer to Section 6 4 3 3 System Group P ne A Details for more information 66 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website You can also click the Use Group button in the System Groups section of the Overview page to go directly to the System Set Manager Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for more information 6 4 2 Systems The Systems page displays a list of all your registered systems The Systems list contains several columns of information for each system Select U
216. o include variables or macros that may make your configuration files templates that can be deployed across your organization with the relevant values populated upon individual system installation Please note that whenever a configuration file is deployed via RHN a backup of the previous file including its full path is made in the var lib rhncfg backups directory on the affected system The backup will retain its filename but have a rhn cfg backup extension appended 6 6 6 1 Preparing Systems for Config Management For a system to have its configuration managed through RHN it must have the appropriate tools and config enable file installed These tools may already be installed on your system especially if you kickstarted the system with configuration management functionality If not they can be found within the RHN Tools child channel for your distribution Download and install the latest rnncfg packages They are xrhncfg The base libraries and functions needed by all rhncfg packages xrhncfg act ions The code required to run configuration actions scheduled via the RHN web site rhncfg client A command line interface to the client features of the RHN Configuration Management system rhncfg management A command line interface used to manage RHN configuration Next you must place a config enable file on the system to have config actions scheduled This file is required to allow configuration management
217. o your systems These packages can be retrieved in one of two ways by direct install or through download 6 6 5 1 Software Package Install Only software packages included in a system s subscribed channels can be installed or updated on that system To apply Errata Updates refer to Section 6 5 2 1 Apply Errata Updates To upgrade and install pack ages through the Systems category use the Packages tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for instructions Within the Channels category you may install an individual package on multiple entitled systems by following these steps 1 Select Channels gt Software Channels from the top and left navigation bars 2 Click on the name of the channel that contains the package to be installed 3 On the Software Channel Details page click on the Packages tab 4 Click on the name of the package you want to install 5 On the Package Details page click on the Target Systems tab 6 Select the entitled systems you want to install the package on 7 Click on the Install Packages button 8 Confirm the action 9 The action is added to the Pending Actions list under the Schedule tab in the top navigation bar 6 6 5 2 Package Download If you do not want to schedule a package installation you can download the packages immediately If you download the packages you must install them manually To download packages through the Systems category refer to
218. ocks 175 Redo Log 175 Table Extents 176 Tablespace Usage 176 TNS Ping 177 RHN Satellite Server Disk Space 178 Execution Time 178 Interface Traffic 178 Latency 179 Load 179 Probe Count 179 Process Counts 180 Process Health 181 Process Running 182 Processes 180 Swap 182 Users 182 WebLogic Execute Queue 144 Heap Free 145 JDBC Connection Pool 145 Server State 146 Servlet 146 probes Apache 142 General 147 Linux 150 LogAgent nocpulse 159 managing 125 Monitoring 125 MySQL 161 Network Services 163 on the RHN Server 126 Oracle 169 RHN Satellite Server 177 thresholds 125 WebLogic 143 Provisioning service level 3 proxy server with Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool 40 with Red Hat Network Registration Client 44 with Red Hat Update Agent 31 Q quality assurance overview 4 Quick Search explanation of 59 R reactivating systems 69 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 requiring the Red Hat Network Registration Client i 7 Red Hat Network an introduction to 1 components primary 1 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool adding to panel 39 applying Errata Updates 41 configuring 39 icons 40 launching RHN website 41 requirements 39 with a proxy server 40 Red Hat Network Configuration Client rhnefg client 129 Red Hat Network Daemon 37 configuring 37 disabling 37 initial description 1 troubleshooting 38 using to apply Errata Updates 96 viewing statu
219. ofile to Red Hat Network You will know your System Profile has been successfully sent when you see the Channels screen Figure 2 14 appear Refer to Section 2 3 1 Choosing a Software Channel for continued instructions 2 3 Setup and Use After completing the registration process you should set up the Red Hat Update Agent to effectively manage all of your system s package updates This requires selecting its channel identifying the packages requiring maintenance and making your first installation Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 19 Before you proceed however you should consider ensuring you have the latest version of the Red Hat Update Agent as development on it is continuous This task is as simple as running the tool against its own package Shut down the GUI version and run this command in a terminal as root like so up2date up2date 2 3 1 Choosing a Software Channel The first step is to select the channel from which you want the updated packages to be retrieved After you send your System Profile the Channels screen Figure 2 14 appears Select the appropriate base channel and click Forward to continue The Red Hat Update Agent offers only the channels enabled for the system in RHN or your RHN Satellite Server Refer to Section 6 6 Channels for more information on channels and how channels are used to determine which packages are installed Description Channel Red Hat Linux 8 0 i386 redhat linux4386 8 0 To s
220. olds that when crossed indicate a change in state for the probe For instance the Linux CPU Usage probe allows you to set CRITICAL and WARNING thresholds for the percent of CPU used If the system being monitored reports 75 percent 126 Chapter 7 Monitoring of its CPU used and the WARNING threshold is set to 70 percent the probe will go intoa WARNING state Some probes offer a multitude of such thresholds In order to get the most out of your Monitoring entitlement and avoid false notifications Red Hat recommends running your probes without notifications for a time to establish baseline performance for each of your systems Although the default values provided for probes may suit you every orga nization has a different environment that may require altering thresholds 7 4 3 Monitoring the RHN Server In addition to monitoring all of your client systems you may also use RHN to monitor your RHN Server itself whether that be an RHN Satellite Server an RHN Proxy Server or both To monitor your RHN Server find a system monitored by the server and go to that system s System Details gt Probes tab Click create new probe and select the Satellite Probe Command Group Then complete the remaining fields as you would for any other probe Refer to Section 7 4 1 Managing Probes for in structions Although the RHN Server will appear to be monitored by the client system the probe will actually be run from the server on itself Thresholds an
221. omit packages that are required for software updates that you did choose The dialog box in Figure 2 20 is shown while it is testing for dependencies This process might take some time depending upon how many packages are updating Testing package set solving RPM inter dependencies Figure 2 20 Testing Packages After testing is complete package retrieval begins The progress of each package retrieval is shown in Figure 2 21 When they have all been retrieved the message All finished is displayed at the bottom of the screen Click Forward to continue 24 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Retrieving Packages Retrieving xinetd 2 3 7 5 i386 rpm A secure replacement for inetd Xinetd is a secure replacement for inetd the Internet services daemon Xinetd provides access control for all services based on the address of the remote host and or on time of access and can prevent denial of access attacks Xinetd provides extensive logging has no limit on the number of server arguments and lets you bind specific services to specific IP addresses on your host machine Each service has its own specific configuration file for Xinetd the files are located in the etc xinetd d directory E 209 of 209 kB transferred at 94 kB sec Total progress All finished Click Forward to continue ae Figure 2 21 Retrieval Finished 2 3 3 Installing Updated Packages After do
222. ommand to specify the directory in which to download the updated packages temporarily overriding your saved configuration up2date tmpdir tmp up2date Argument Description o configure Configure Red Hat Update Agent options Refer to Section 2 4 Configuration for detailed instructions d download Download packages only do not install them This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval Use this option if you prefer to install the packages manually f force Force package installation This option temporarily overrides the file package and configuration skip lists i install Install packages after they are downloaded This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval k packagedir Specify a colon separated path of directories to look for packages before trying to download them nosig Do not use GPG to check package signatures This option temporarily overrides the saved configuration option tmpdir directory Temporarily override the configured package directory The default location is var spool up2date This option is useful if you do not have enough space in the configured location Only add packages to the database and do not install them Specify an alternate RPM database to use temporarily Table 2 1 Graphical Update Agent Options The first time you run the Red Hat Update Agent two
223. on Client Register with Red Hat Network Now for the first time ever information updates and services that enhance the security and reliability of your Red Hat Linux systems are available to you in one place Red Hat Network Check out these benefits Red Hat Linux information updates and services specific to your systems Fast access and proactive delivery of updates security errata bug fixes enhancements The latest news from Red Hat when new products and services are available Joining is easy just follow this three step process Step 1 Review the Red Hat privacy policy Step 2 Register a user account with Red Hat a This registration program can take care of that for you b You can also register an account by going to https rhn redhat com newlogin pxt Step 3 Register a system profile on Red Hat Network Click on the Next button to register now or click Cancel to banish this program forever lt q Back gt Next X Cancel Figure 5 4 Welcome Screen Red Hat is committed to protecting your privacy see Figure 5 5 The information gathered during the Red Hat Network registration process is used to create a System Profile The System Profile is essential if you wish to receive update notifications about your system Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 47 Step 1 Review the Red Hat Privacy Statement Privacy Statement When it comes to your privacy our promise is simple Your p
224. on the system while preventing inadvertent and po tentially dangerous changes To create this file issue the following commands as root on the target system First create the necessary directory mkdir p etc sysconfig rhn allowed actions configfiles Then you should decide exactly what actions should be allowed by system administrators The fol lowing modes are available deploy Install configuration files from the central repository on the system Without this set the configuration management interface provides no real value for this system verify Identify any differences between configuration files on the system and those associated with it in the central repository diff Display differences between configuration files on the system and those associated with it in the central repository upload Send any files from the system to the central repository This is similar to granting root privileges on the machine mtime_upload Send files modified since a certain date and time from the system to the central repository all Enable all of these modes for configuration management on the system To set individual modes issue this command repeatedly as root appending the mode name to the end Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 105 touch etc sysconfig rhn allowed actions configfiles mode To grant full configuration management access issue this command touch etc sysconfig rhn allowed action
225. onditions this will generally be less than a second When a Satellite is overloaded because it has too many probes with respect to their average execution time the number goes up Fld fe _ E Critical Maximum Probe Latency Average moo Warning Maximum Probe Latency Average PO Table C 66 RHN Satellite Server Latency settings C 10 5 RHN Satellite Server Load The RHN Satellite Server Load probe monitors the CPU load on a Satellite and collects the following metric Load The load average on the CPU for a 1 5 and 15 minute period Fed 0 Natu Critical Maximum I minute Average i Warning Maximum I minute Average eS Critical Maximum S minute Average Warning Maximum S minute Average Critical Maximum 15 minute Average Warning Maximum 15 minute Average Table C 67 RHN Satellite Server Load settings C 10 6 RHN Satellite Server Probe Count The RHN Satellite Server Probe Count probe monitors the number of probes on a Satellite and col lects the following metric 180 Appendix C Probes Probes The number of individual probes running on a Satellite Fed 0 Natu Critical Maximum Probe Count el Warning Maximum Probe Count Doo Table C 68 RHN Satellite Server Probe Count settings C 10 7 RHN Satellite Server Process Counts The RHN Satellite Server Process Counts probe monitors the number of processes on a Satellite and collects the following metrics Blocked The numb
226. onfig channels A combination of these will be used If there is a conflict between the remaining properties they will be resolved in the following manner Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 87 e base software channels registration fails e entitlements registration fails e enable config flag configuration management is set Also remember using a system specific re activation key along with a normal activation key will fail You re now ready to use multiple activation keys at once This is done with comma separation at the command line with rhnreg_ks or in a kickstart profile within the Post tab of the Kickstart Details page Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys and Section 6 4 10 3 Creating Kickstarts relatively for instructions 6 4 8 Stored Profiles RHN Provisioning customers can create package profiles through the Profiles subtab of the Packages tab within the System Details page Those profiles end up here on the Stored Profiles page where they may be edited and even deleted To edit a profile click its name in the list alter its name and description and click the Update Profile To view software associated with the profile click the Packages subtab To remove the profile entirely click delete stored profile at the upper right corner of the page 6 4 9 Custom System Info RHN Provisioning customers may include completely customizable information about systems Un like notes the info
227. onfigure You will be presented with a list of options and their current values 0 debug No 1 isatty Yes 34 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 2 depslist 3 networkSetup Yes 4 retrieveOnly No 5 enableRollbacks No 6 pkgSkipList kernel 7 storageDir var spool up2date 8 adminAddress root localhost 9 noBootLoader No 0 serverURL https xmlrpc rhn redhat com XMLRPC 1 fileSkipList 2 sslCACert usr share rhn RHNS CA CERT 3 noReplaceConfig Yes 4 useNoSSLForPackage No 5 systemIdPath etc sysconfig rhn systemid 6 enableProxyAuth No 7 retrieveSource No 8 versionOverride 9 headerFetchCount 10 20 networkRetries F 21 enableProxy No 22 proxyPassword 23 noSSLServerURL http xmlrpc rhn redhat com XMLRPC 24 keepAfterInstall No 25 proxyUser 26 removeSkipList kernel 27 useGPG Yes 28 gpgKeyRing etc sysconfig rhn up2date keyring gpg 29 httpProxy 30 headerCacheSize 40 31 forceInstall No Enter number of item to edit lt return to exit q to quit without saving gt Enter the number of the item that you want to modify and enter a new value for the option When you finish changing your configuration press Enter to save your changes and exit Press q and then Enter to quit without saving your changes noran Although this isn t configurable users should still make note that the port used by the Red Hat Update Agent is 443 for SSL HTTPS and 80 for non SSL
228. ons Accessible through a link at the top of the Options tab this page establishes the arguments to be included in the kickstart configuration file These differ from the settings included on the Options tab For instance the network setting here defines the parameters of the Red Hat installation program Anaconda while the kickstart network configuration value there affects the bootloader Note that these options are passed to Anaconda with little or no verification for correctness As an example you might need to kickstart a system using eth kickstart network configuration but ethO is the primary network interface for the box as identified in the network field on this page When done click the Update Kickstart button 6 4 10 4 4 Kickstart Details Packages Allows the addition or removal of specific software packages from the kickstart profile To include packages enter them in the text field These are passed directly to Anaconda To remove packages precede them with with a dash You may also enter entire components and exclude specific pack ages suchas X Window Systemand filename rpm Note that packages to be excluded may still be installed to resolve dependencies and ensure the system works properly When finished click Add Packages To delete packages from the list you ve created enter them below and click Remove Packages 6 4 10 4 5 Kickstart Details Pre Enables you to edit the pre script for
229. ork Registration Client for every supported distribution In addition it describes how to resolve expired Secure Sockets Layers SSL certificates if you are using an older version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux that shipped with a certificate that is now expired Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 65 6 4 Systems If you click the Systems tab on the top navigation bar the Systems category and links appear The pages in the Systems category allow you to select systems so that you can perform actions on them and create System Profiles 6 4 1 Overview As shown in Figure 6 3 the Overview page provides a summary of your systems including their status number of associated Errata and packages and entitlement level Clicking on the name of a system takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information sl Q RED HAT NETWORK Lossen im tumerjh SIGN ouT Your RHN Systems Erata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems x Q search 6 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear Overview P system Overview Systems System Groups Systems View System Groups System Set Manager S Entitlements Ge va Filter by System Go Advanced Search a Activation Keys P Stored Profiles k ERAUS ee a o 0 chip zfx com Reda Provisioning Kickstart Linux 7 3 z a K o
230. ost current information possible read the RHN Release Notes for information that may not have been available prior to our documentation being finalized The notes can be found on the RHN website and at http Awww redhat com docs 2 1 Send in Your Feedback If you would like to make suggestions about the Red Hat Network Reference Guide please submit a report in Bugzilla http bugzilla redhat com bugzilla Be sure to select the Red Hat Network product and the Documentation component To easily associate the problem with this guide mention its identifier RHNref EN 3 7 RHI 2005 03 16T 12 14 redhat Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview Have you ever read about a new version of a software package and wanted to install it but could not find it Have you ever tried to find an RPM through an Internet search engine or an RPM repository and been linked to a site that you have never heard of Have you ever tried to find an RPM but instead found only the source files that you had to compile yourself Have you ever spent hours or even days visiting different websites to see if you have the latest packages installed on your system only to have to do it again in a few months Those days are over with Red Hat Network RHN RHN provides the solution to all your system software management needs Red Hat Network is an Internet solution for managing a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system or a network of Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems All Se
231. ou may include the t opdir option to compare config files in RHN with those located in an arbitrary and unused location on the system like so root root rhncfg client diff topdir home test blah asr bin diff home test blah etc foo txt No such file or directory asr bin diff home test blah var spool aalib rpm No such file or directory A 1 5 Verifying Config Files To quickly determine if files are different than those associated with it in RHN issue the command rhncfg client verify You should see output resembling modified etc foo txt var spool aalib rpm The file foo txt is locally modified while aalib rpm is not Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools 131 A 2 Red Hat Network Configuration Manager Unlike the Red Hat Network Configuration Client the Red Hat Network Configuration Manager chncfg manager is designed to maintain RHN s central repository of config files and channels not those located on client systems This tool offers a command line alternative to the configuration management features within the RHN website as well as the ability to script some or all of the related maintenance It is intended for use by Config Administrators and in fact requires an RHN username and password that has the appropriate permission set The username may be specified in etc sysconfig rhn rhncfg manager conf or in the rhncfg manager section of rhnefgre When the Red Hat Network Configuration
232. p theoryx5 uwinnipeg ca mod_perl cpan search dist Frontier RPC TRAE AE AE E AE E AE HE AE HE EAE AEA AE AEA AE AEA AE AE E AE AR AE AE E RAE AE E E aE AE AEA AE AEA AE AR AE aE aE RAE AE EAE AE E AE AE AP AEA AE AE EA HE AE E a EA AE HE RARE ARE AR RA AR RA RAH AR REAR AE HA AER RAH RA RA HAA HAA AAA AE HAA HAE HAE RE Defining an XMLRPC session HAE RE ARE RRA HA AE AH AREA AA HA AER RAH RAE RA HAA HAAR AAA RAE HAHAH EEEE EE Define the host first This will be the FQDN of your satellite system my HOST satellite server yourdomain com Now we create the client object that will be used throughout the session my client new Frontier Client url gt http S HOST rpc api Next we execute a login call which returns a session identifier that will be passed in all subsequent calls The syntax of this call is described at http SHOST rpc api auth login my session client gt call auth login username password Appendix B RHN API Access 139 HE AR AE AR RE ARR RA HA RARE RA A REAR AR HAR RARER RAH RA EEEE EEE EEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEE EE System calls HAE RA EEEE EEEE HA EE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEE RAE HAHAH HAE HE This next call returns a list of systems available to the user The syntax of this call is described at http HOST rpc api system list_user_systems In the code snippet below we dump dat
233. pdate entitled systems cannot be selected To select systems mark the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update List button below the column Selected systems are added to the System Set Manager After adding systems to the System Set Manager you can use it to perform actions on them simultaneously Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager GJ for details Status Shows which type of Errata Alerts are applicable to the system or confirms that it is up to date Some icons are linked to pages providing resolution For instance the standard Updates icon is linked to the Upgrade subtab of the packages list while the Critical Updates icon goes directly to the Update Confirmation page Also the Not Checking In icon is linked to instructions for resolving the issue e_ System is up to date Critical Errata available update strongly recommended g amp Updates available and recommended System is locked Actions prohibited System is being kickstarted Updates have been scheduled System not checking in properly for 24 hours or more m System not entitled to any update service Errata Total number of Errata Alerts applicable to the system Packages Total number of package updates for the system Includes packages from Errata Alerts as well as newer packages that are not from Errata Alerts For example if a system is subscribed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 i3
234. perties 68 System Set Manager 79 Systems Advanced Search 85 deleting 68 Entitlements 84 entitling 84 overview 65 searching 85 System Details 68 System List 66 Systems Overview 65 viewing a list of 66 viewing details for 68 systems list status 66 Systems Selected explanation of 59 T Troubleshooting Monitoring 126 U unsubscribe to channel 98 Update service level 2 user account 47 user details modifying 113 user roles 114 users 111 billing address 115 changing email address 114 changing password 114 creating 113 general address 115 list of 112 roles 112 114 shipping address 115 User List 112 V variables macros in configuration files 108 Ww WebLogic Execute Queue 144 Heap Free 145 JDBC Connection Pool 145 probes 143 Server State 146 Servlet 146 website 57 activation keys 85 All Errata 96 Channel List 97 Channels 97 Config Channel List 104 Configuration Channel Details 106 Configuration File Details 107 custom system information 87 Errata 94 Errata Search 97 Help 63 kickstart profiles 87 logging in 60 Monitoring 115 navigation bar 57 overview 57 Purchase History 63 Relevant Errata 95 Schedule 109 Software Channel Details 99 Software Search 101 stored profiles 87 System Details 68 System Entitlements 84 System Group List 76 System Groups 76 System List 66 System Search 85 Systems 65 Systems Overview 65 Users 111
235. port files from your system into RHN s central configuration manager The Deploy File Path is the path to which the file will be deployed on a target system and Local File is the file you want to upload from your system to RHN To do this populate all fields browse for the file and click the Upload File button Note that files larger than 16 KB cannot be edited through the RHN website The file path is the location to which the file will be deployed The user group and mode fields allow you to set the file s ownership and permissions 6 6 6 5 2 3 Configuration Channel Details Files gt Create File B Allows you to create a configuration file from scratch within the interface The fields here work simi larly to those on the Upload subtab Path is the location to which the file will be deployed The user group and mode fields allow you to set the file s ownership and permissions Include the actual file in the contents field When finished click the Create Config File button Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 107 6 6 6 5 2 4 Configuration Channel Details Files Create Directory Allows you to create a configuration directory within the interface The fields resemble those on the Upload and Create File subtab Path is the absolute location of the directory on the system The user group and mode fields allow you to set the directory s ownership and permissions When finished click the Create Config Directory button
236. preservation list link at the top and enter a relevant label and all files and directories to preserved on the resulting page Make sure you enter absolute paths to all files and directories Then click Create List Broren Although file preservation is useful it does have limitations First each list is limited to a total size of 1 MB Further special devices like dev hdal and dev sda1 are not supported Finally only actual file and directory names may be entered No regular expression wildcards can be included When finished you may include the file preservation list in the kickstart profile to be used on systems containing those files Refer to Section 6 4 10 3 Creating Kickstarts for precise steps 6 4 10 11 Building Bootable Kickstart ISOs While you can schedule a registered system to be kickstarted to a new operating system and package profile it is also useful to be able to kickstart a system that is not registered with RHN or does not yet have an operating system installed One common method of doing this is to create a bootable CD ROM that is inserted into the target system When the system is rebooted it boots from the CD ROM loads the kickstart configuration from the RHN Servers or your Satellite and proceeds to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux according to the kickstart profile you have created To do this copy the contents of isolinux from the first CD ROM of the target distribution Then edit the isolinux cfg file to d
237. pshot button Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 6 1 System Details gt Snapshots Snapshots to tag older snapshots You may then revert using this tag directly by clicking its name in the Snapshot Tags list To delete tags select their checkboxes click Remove Tags and confirm the action 6 4 2 6 7 System Details Kickstart Enables the re installation of the system based upon selectable parameters including specific Red Hat distribution These kickstarts are based upon profiles developed within the Kickstart interface Refer to Section 6 4 10 Kickstart for details 6 4 2 6 7 1 System Details Kickstart Schedule The default display of the Kickstart tab this subtab allows the kickstarting of the selected system To schedule a kickstart select a distribution identify the type IP address or manual selection of kickstart profile and click Continue Note that IP address kickstarts require ranges to be defined in kickstart profiles On the next page finish choosing from the options available Using the existing RHN profile will rely upon the system specific activation key created within the Reactivation tab to reregister the system Do not regenerate delete or use this key while a profile based kickstart is in progress Selecting the Deploy Configuration checkbox will re install configuration files from any config channels associ ated with the system When finished click the Schedule Kickstart button CO eaution It i
238. pshots Provides snapshots enabling rollback of the system s package profile configuration files and RHN settings These snapshots are captured whenever an action takes place on the system 6 4 2 6 6 1 System Details Snapshots Snapshots B The default display of the Snapshots tab lists the reason dates and times for snapshots taken as well as any tags associated with the snapshots To revert to a previous configuration click the Reason of the snapshot taken at the desired date and time and review the potential changes on the provided subtabs starting with Rollback You may add a tag to an existing snapshot on the System Details Snapshots Snapshots gt Snapshot Tags subtab by clicking the create new snapshot tag link providing a descriptive term and clicking Tag This Snapshot button Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 6 2 System Details Snapshots gt Snapshot Tags A for more information When satisfied with the reversion return to the Rollback subtab and click the Rollback to Snapshot button To see the list again click Return to snapshot list 6 4 2 6 6 2 System Details Snapshots Snapshot Tags B Provides a means to add meaningful descriptions to your most recent system snapshot This can be used to indicate milestones such as a known working configuration or a successful upgrade To tag the most recent snapshot click create new system tag enter a descriptive term in the Tag name field and click the Tag Current Sna
239. question the System Details and probe s Current State page will not be accessible via links in their names As always Organization Administrator have full access to all aspects of your RHN account 6 9 Monitoring If you click the Monitoring tab on the top navigation bar the Monitoring category and links appear These pages which require Monitoring entitlements enable you to view the results of probes you ve set to run against Monitoring entitled systems and manage the configuration of your monitoring in frastructure Initiate monitoring of a system through the Probes tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for a description of the tab See Appendix C Probes for the complete list of available probes 116 6 9 1 Probe Status Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website As shown in Figure 6 9 the Probe Status page is shown by default when you click Monitoring in the top navigation bar weet paste weiss O Your RHH RED HAT NETWORK SATELLITE Systems E e e Channels Status Critical 7 Critical Probes Probe State Legend amp ok A v eros satlab com T waning Y Critical V eros satlab com P Unknown V eros satlab com te Pending v eros satlab com V eros satlab com YV rhel Lsatlab com V thel 2 satlab com a 1 Warming 2 rannen iw emurmbhy Schedule Users Systems v Q search No SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Probe
240. r Red Hat Linux system The software System Profile information is used by Red Hat Network to determine what software update notifications you receive 5 4 1 Hardware System Profile After creating a username and password for your Red Hat Network account the Red Hat Network Registration Client probes your system for the following information Red Hat Linux version Hostname IP address CPU model CPU speed Amount of RAM PCI devices e Disk sizes e Mount points The next step is choosing a profile name for your system as shown in Figure 5 8 The default value is the hostname for the system You may modify this to be a more descriptive string such as Email Server for Support Team if you find it more helpful Optionally you can enter a computer serial or identification number for the system If you do not wish to include information about your hardware or network in your System Profile deselect Include information about hardware and network see Figure 5 8 Click Next to continue with the registration process 50 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client Step 3 Register a System Profile Hardware Profile Name is a descriptive name that you choose to identify this System Profile on Red Hat Network web pages Optionally include a computer serial or identification number Profile name falcon meridian redhatcom Service ID number Hardware information is important to determine what updated software and d
241. r System Profile will not be updated automatically You will need to send your updated System Profile to the RHN Servers To synchronize the RPM package list on your local system and on Red Hat Network run the com mand up2date p After running this command your RHN System Profile will reflect the latest software versions in stalled on your system 2 3 5 4 Log File The Red Hat Update Agent keeps a log of all the actions that it performs on your system in the file var log up2date It uses the standard rotating log method Thus older logs are in var log up2date 1 var log up2date 2 and var log up2date 3 The log files store actions performed by the Red Hat Update Agent such as when your RPM database is opened when it connects to Red Hat Network to retrieve information from your System Profile which packages are downloaded which packages are installed using the Red Hat Update Agent and which packages are deleted from your system after installation If you choose to install and delete packages yourself it will not be logged in this file You should keep your own log of actions not performed with the Red Hat Update Agent 2 4 Configuration The Red Hat Update Agent offers various options to configure its settings If you are not running the X Window System or prefer the command line version skip to Section 2 4 2 Command Line Version Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 31 2 4 1 Using the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool
242. r name myname Password kirten trinttcrt rt trette Password again for verification 54At E mail address user example com Org Info If you want this server to be registered as part of an existing organization enter the information for that here organization ID organization password amp Cancel Back gt Eorward Figure 2 5 Create a User Account You must choose a unique username If you enter one already in use you will see an error message see Figure 2 6 Try different usernames until you find one that has not been used waming Be sure to identify a username that you will be satisfied with permanently as this cannot be changed after account creation Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 13 The server indicated an error Error Class Code 3 Error Class Info This username is already taken Explanation An error has occurred while processing your request If this problem persists please submit a bug report to rhn help redhat com If you choose to submit the bug report please be sure to include details of what you were trying to do when this error occurred and details on how to reproduce this problem Figure 2 6 Error Username Already Exists Most users can leave the Org Info section blank If you have an existing organization account enter your organization s ID and password in the provided text fields If the values are valid the system will b
243. r proxy user Specify a username to use with an authenticated HTTP proxy ID register Register or re register this system with RHN Refer to Section 2 2 Registration for detailed instructions show orphans List all packages currently installed that are not in channels the system is subscribed to Show the package installation dialog in GUI mode solvedeps dependencies Find download and install the packages necessary to resolve dependencies Download source packages as well as binary RPMs tmpdir directory Temporarily override the configured package directory The default location is var spool up2date This option is useful if you do not have enough space in the configured location Reverse the last package set update Update system with all relevant packages upgrade to release re1bUpegrade to the channel specified version Pass in a Unique User ID generated by the Alert Notification tool Show additional output while updating Show up2date version information whatprovides dependenc i kow the packages that resolve the comma separated list of dependencies Table 2 2 Update Agent Command Line Arguments 2 3 5 1 Installing the Red Hat GPG key The first time you run the graphical version of the Red Hat Update Agent it prompts you to in stall the Red Hat GPG key This key is required to authenticate the packages downloaded from Red Hat Network If you run the command line version the first time you s
244. refer to the RHN entitlement policy linked from the System Entitlements page The number of entitlements remaining decreases and your system becomes ready to use the Red Hat Update Agent and RHN website Refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent and Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website for details on how to use them If you do not have any entitlements left click the Buy more system entitlements now link at the top of the System Entitlements page to make additional purchases Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client 55 5 7 Text Mode RHN Registration Client If you are not running the X Window System the Red Hat Network Registration Client starts in text mode You can force the Red Hat Network Registration Client to run in text mode with the command rhn_register nox The screens for the text mode Red Hat Network Registration Client are almost identical to the screens for the graphical Red Hat Network Registration Client Some of the text in the text mode version is more concise due to lack of space in the interface However there is an equal number of screens and fields in both versions Thus if you are using the text mode version you can still follow the instructions that begin in Section 5 2 Starting the Red Hat Network Registration Client Red Hat Network Registration Program C 2000 Red Hat Inc Register with Red Hat Network Now for the first time ever information updates and services that enhance the security and reliabil
245. ression to be matched against in regex format for egrep which is equivalent to grep E in support for extended regular expressions This is the regex set for egrep beginning of line end of line match one char match zero or more chars match one character set e g Ff oo match not in set A F oo match one or more of preceding chars match zero or one of preceding chars or e g alb groups chars e g foolbar or fo0o0 A waming Do not include single quotation marks within the expression Doing so will cause egrep to fail silently and the probe to time out Fie Mae O Log file var log messages Basic regular expression Timeout Critical Maximum Matches Warning Maximum Matches Warning Minimum Matches Critical Minimum Matches 160 Appendix C Probes Field ve Critical Maximum Match Rate es Warning Maximum Match Rate aS Warning Minimum Match Rate ee Critical Maximum Match Rate fe Table C 30 LogAgent Log Pattern Match settings C 6 2 LogAgent Log Size The LogAgent Log Size probe monitors log file growth and collects the following metrics Size The size the log file has grown in bytes since the probe last ran Output Rate The number of bytes per minute the log file has grown since the probe last ran Lines The number of lines written to the log file since the probe last ran Line Rate The number of lines written per minute to the log
246. rivers are relevant to this system The minimum set of information you can include will contain your system s architecture and Red Hat Linux version F Include information about hardware and network Included information Red Hat Linux version 7 0 CPU model Pentium Ill Coppermine Hostname falcon meridian redhat com CPU speed 730 MHz IP address 207 175 493 185 Memory 256 megabytes Additional hardware information including PCI devices disk sizes and mount points will be included in the profile You will be able to update your hardware profile or create new hardware profiles when you login to Red Hat Network at http z www redhat com network lt Back X Cancel Figure 5 8 System Profile Hardware 5 4 2 Software System Profile The software System Profile consists of a list of RPM packages for which you wish to receive notifi cations The Red Hat Network Registration Client shows you a list of all RPM packages listed in the RPM database on your system and then allows you to customize the list by deselecting packages 5 4 2 1 Gathering RPM Database Information Only those packages you choose during this part of the registration will be included in your System Profile and you will only receive notifications about the packages in your System Profile Thus if you use an older version of a package and deselect it from the list it will not be replaced with a newer version This RPM list can be modified through the R
247. rmation here is more formal and can be used in searches For instance you may decide to identify an asset tag for each system To do this you must create an asset key within the Custom System Info page Click create new key at the upper right corner of the page Enter a descriptive label and description such as Asset and Precise location of each system and click the Create Key The key will then show up in the custom info keys list Once the key exists you may assign a value to it through the Custom Info tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 5 System Details Details Custom Info for instructions 6 4 10 Kickstart To satisfy the provisioning needs of customers RHN provides this interface for developing kickstart profiles that can be used to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux on either new or already registered sys tems This enables systems to be installed to particular specifications automatically CB iissitare If your systems are connected to the central RHN Servers you will need an external installation tree for each distribution to be kickstarted This tree can be hosted anywhere that is accessible by the target system via HTTP If the systems are connected through an RHN Proxy Server then you may place the installation tree in var www html pub on the Proxy RHN Satellite Servers already have a tree for each Red Hat distribution and therefore do not require separate trees Even if the system connects t
248. rmation macro in a configuration file to have the value substituted on any system containing it The macro would look like this asset rhn system custom_info asset Upon deployment of the file to a system containing a value for that key the macro gets translated such as asset Example 456 To include a default value for instance if one is required to prevent errors you can append it to the custom information macro like so asset rhn system custom_info asset Asset This default will be overridden by the actual value on any system containing it For instructions on developing custom system information keys refer to Section 6 4 9 Custom System Info Es Using the Red Hat Network Configuration Manager rhncfg manager will not translate or alter files as that tool is system agnostic Binary files cannot be interpolated 6 7 Schedule If you click the Schedule tab on the top navigation bar the Schedule category and links appear These pages enable you to keep track of the actions taking place within your systems An action is a scheduled RHN task that is to be performed on one or more client systems For example an action can be scheduled to apply all Errata Updates to a system Red Hat Network keeps track of the following action types Package Alteration installation upgrade and removal Rollback Package Actions System Reboots Errata Updates 1 2 3 4 5 Configuration File Alteration
249. rs channels have their own IDs This value the cid is a required parameter for some meth ods including set_base_channel and set_child_channels Also like the sid the cid can be obtained through the RHN website Just click on the name of a channel and view the end of the URL some thing like details pxt cid 54 B 5 Getting the sgid System groups join servers and channels in having their own IDs This value the sgid is a required parameter for the set_group_membership method for instance Like the sid and cid the sgid can be obtained through the RHN website Just click on the name of a system group and view the end of the URL something like details pxt sgid 334958 Note that the member parameter within the set_group_membership method requires only yes or no as input to make the association B 6 Sample API Script The following sample script depicts how an RHN API client should be constructed Review the com ments and links for a full discussion of the calls made usr bin perl w use strict use Frontier Client use Data Dumper FERE AE AE AE AE E AE AR AE AE AE aE E AE EAE aE E AE EE aE A RAE EAE aE AE AE E EAE aE E AE EEE E AE E AE aE EEE EE aE A EE HE aE EE RE This is a sample script for use of the experimental RHN Management APIs The API is currently available using XMLRPC only which is described in depth at http www xmlrpc com We use the Frontier modules available from htt
250. s 37 Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd monitoring daemon 119 installation 120 probes requiring the daemon 120 SSH key installation 121 using sshd instead 121 Red Hat Network Registration Client rhn _register initial description 1 Red Hat Update Agent 41 Command Line Arguments 26 configuration 30 with a proxy server 31 Red Hat Update Agent up2date activation keys 34 choosing packages for update 19 choosing software channels 19 command line options 26 command line version 26 33 configuration tool 31 configuring general settings 31 configuring package exceptions 33 configuring retrieval and installation 31 creating a user account 11 excluding packages 33 excluding packages from profile 17 gathering RPM information 15 graphical options 8 initial description 1 installing GPG keys 28 installing packages 24 log file 30 registering a hardware profile 14 registering a package profile 15 registering a System Profile 14 registering an organization account 13 registering with 9 setup and use 18 starting 7 synchronizing system profile 30 reference guide bug reporting iv conventions i introduction to the i registering with activation keys 34 Registration 43 as part of an organization 48 Configuration 43 Email notification 47 Hardware System Profile 49 Password 47 RPM Package List 50 Software System Profile 50 System Profile 47 49 text mode 55 through the Web 60
251. s E RUS eS tee ET OE i j Managements sid cvcocsisscssaasesvevsconsgasbivevessess dein sivevedsasabeapsvvedscsagusba viene iceraaaabaevsevaaseaniyavioaes 1 4 Provisioning 1 5 Monitoring 1 6 Errata Notifications and Scheduled Package Installations 1 7 Security Quality Assurance and Red Hat Network 1 8 Before You Begin 2 Red Hat Update Agent 2 1 Starting the Red Hat Update Agent 2 2 Registration 2 2 1 Registering a User Account 2 2 2 Registering a System Profile 2s SOUP ANG USO A NE T svievsevysiashsvsusecedsdsdent sveacessdcdees EE 2 3 1 Choosing a Software Channel ccsssscscsecccssuaiscrasisessaesxonevevesessunsnevastceccaveues 2 3 2 Choosing Packages to Update wes 2 3 3 Installing Updated Packages ssssiss scssvabededexiessvsestideessiaseaseedhonsssavenssendsssedeesssse 2 3 4 Update Agent Finished y 5 c icsssssscsesssssseasssaiesacssasassszscnaeavictedaccnsssecevessaveessva geese 2 3 5 Command Line Version 5 2 4 Configuration 2 4 1 Using the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool 2 4 2 Command Line Version cceeceeeeeseeeeteeeeneeeeeeeeeees 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys cccsssssceseseeseeseseecteeseeeesceeeseeseseesesceaeeeeeeeeeereaeeetaeeas 34 3 Red Hat Network Daemon ccssssscssssssssssssessssssssssssesssssssessesessseseasesssesessesesssssessaseseseseseaseress 37 3 1 Configuring 3 2 Viewing Status 3
252. s can see the Users tab on the top navigation bar If you click the Users tab the Users category and links appear These pages enable you to grant and edit permissions 112 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website for those who will administer your system groups Click in the User List to modify users within your organization 6 8 1 User Roles To delegate responsibilities within your organization Red Hat Network provides several roles with varying degrees of responsibility and access This list describes the permissions of each and the dif ferences between them User Also known as a System Group User this is the standard role associated with any newly created user This person may be granted access to manage system groups and software channels The systems must be in system groups to which the user has permissions for them to be manageable or even visible Remember however all globally subscribable channels may be used by anyone Activation Key Administrator This role is designed to manage your organization s collection of activation keys This person can create modify and delete any key within your overarching account Software Channel Administrator This role has complete access to the software channels and related associations within your organization It requires RHN Satellite Server or RHN Proxy Server This person may change the base channels of systems make channels globally subscribable and create entirely new ch
253. s configfiles all Your system should now be ready for config management through RHN Command line options also exist for many of these functions Refer to Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools for instructions 6 6 6 2 Manage Config Channels gt Config Channels There are two types of configuration channels global channels and system specific channels A global channel contains configuration files developed across your organization These may well be applicable to multiple systems A system specific channel consists of local override configuration files tied to particular systems These files take precedent over all other configurations 6 6 6 2 1 Manage Config Channels Config Channels Global Shown by default when you click Manage Config Channels in the left navigation bar the Global Config Channels displays a list of configuration channels managed by your organization Links within this list go to different tabs of the Configuration Channel Details page Clicking on a channel name takes you to the Details tab Clicking on the files number takes you to the Files tab And clicking on the systems number takes you to the Systems tab Refer to Section 6 6 6 5 Configuration Channel Details for instructions 6 6 6 2 2 Manage Config Channels Config Channels gt System The System Config Channels page can be retrieved by selecting it from the pulldown menu on the main Manage Config Channels page It displays loca
254. s imperative the kickstart profile selected match the installation files supplied For instance it is possible a given IP address could be associated with a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 kickstart profile Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 75 but you insert an IP address kickstart CD ROM built for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 This would result in errors and cause the kickstart to fail 6 4 2 6 7 2 System Details Kickstart Session Status If you ve scheduled a kickstart this subtab shows where the system s kickstart stands Details include the kickstart profile used its state and pending and latest actions Kickstarts that do not complete within approximately two hours will be marked as failed here Click the profile name to access the Kickstart Details page Click the view link to see the actual kickstart configuration file generated by RHN To force this page to reload at a set interval select one from the pulldown menu and click the Change Reload Time button 6 4 2 6 7 3 System Details Kickstart Session History Displays particular points in a kickstart session s progress Like Session Status this subtab appears only if you ve scheduled a kickstart It lists individual actions such as package installs as they occur Click the name of an action to see information about it including summary details and time Failed kickstarts are shown here as well To force this page to reload at a set interval select one from t
255. s shown in Figure 2 18 Click OK to close the advisory Click Finished when you are finished selecting packages to include 22 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Updated packages for Red Hat Linux 7 1 7 1K 7 2 7 3 and 8 0 are now available that fix a bug in the ext3 file system discovered in the previous errata kernel The bug has the potential to cause data loss if the file system is used in a non default way Bug Fix Advisory RHBA 2002 292 05 The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system A bug in the ext3 file system in the previous errata kernel for Red Hat Linux 7 1 7 1K 7 2 7 3 and 8 0 has been discovered The bug has the potential to cause data loss if the file system is used in the non default full data journaling mode The bug affects only filesystems mounted with the following option mount o data journal If you have not set the above option then you are not vulnerable If you do not know if you have set that option or not then you are not vulnerable as no standard system software will set this option by default You can check what default options are in use for a particular file system by looking in the system s etc fstab file The bug can only result in the loss of recent writes when a file system is unmounted Proper synchronization of the data on disk in the event of a crash the primary aim of a journaling file system such as ext3 is not affected by this bug In add
256. selected click the Er rata tab select the Errata Updates to apply and click the Apply Errata button You can select to apply the Errata as soon as possible the next time the Red Hat Network Daemon on the client sys tems connect to RHN or schedule a date and time for the Errata Updates to occur Then click the Schedule Updates button You can follow the progress of the Errata Updates through the Pending Actions list Refer to Section 6 7 Schedule for more details EB wnportant If you use scheduled package installation the packages will be installed via the RHN Daemon You must have the RHN Daemon enabled on your systems Refer to Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon for more details The following rules apply to Errata Updates e Each package is a member of one or more channels If a selected system is not subscribed to a channel containing the package the package will not be installed on that system Ifa newer version of the package is already on the system the package will not be installed on that system If an older version of the package is installed the package will be upgraded Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 97 6 5 2 2 Errata Details If you click on the Advisory of an Errata Alert in the Relevant or All pages its Errata Details page appears This page is further divided into the following tabs 6 5 2 2 1 Errata Details Details Provides the Errata Report issued by Red Hat It describes the problem and solution
257. sentative to purchase Satellite Monitoring Administrator This role must be granted to users installing probes creating notifi cation methods or altering the monitoring infrastructure in any way Remember the Organization Administrator automatically inherits the abilities of all other roles within an organization and can therefore conduct these tasks Assign this role through the User Details page for the user Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon This daemon is required on systems for probes moni toring internal processes to be executed You may however be able to run these probes using the systems existing SSH daemon sshd Refer to Section 7 2 Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd for installation instructions and a quick list of probes requiring this secure connection Refer to Appendix C Probes for the complete list of available probes 7 2 Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd To get the most out of your Monitoring entitlement Red Hat suggests installing the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon on your client systems Based upon OpenSSH rhnmd enables the RHN Satellite Server to communicate securely with the client system to access internal processes and retrieve probe status 120 Chapter 7 Monitoring Please note the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon requires monitored systems allow connections on port 4545 You may avoid opening this port and installing the daemon altogether by using sshd instead Refer to Se
258. set time intervals see Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon for further information This daemon is necessary if you want to schedule updates or other actions through the website The Red Hat Network Registration Client allows you to register your Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 systems with RHN Newer versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux have registration functionality built into the Red Hat Update Agent Registration involves creating a unique RHN username and password probing the hardware on your system to create a Hardware Profile and probing the software packages installed on your system to create a Package Profile This information is sent to RHN and RHN returns a unique System ID to your system See Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client for more information 2 Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview Many Red Hat Network terms are used throughout this manual As you read the Red Hat Network Reference Guide refer to the Glossary as necessary for an explanation of common terms Qi For a comparison chart of RHN service levels refer to http www redhat com software rhn table 1 1 Demo The RHN Demo service level is the complimentary service level All users receive one free subscrip tion to RHN Demo All that is required is the completion of a brief survey once every 60 days With each Demo subscription you receive e Errata Notifications Be the first to know about Red Hat s patches Subscribe to email errata notification
259. sic aspects of your systems When applying them ensure their timed thresholds do not exceed the amount of time allotted to the timeout period Other wise an UNKNOWN status will be returned in all instances of extended latency thereby nullifying the thresholds C 4 1 General Remote Program The General Remote Program probe allows you to run any command or script on your system and obtain a status string Note that the resulting message will be limited to 1024 bytes Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Fie fae Command o G OK Exit Status Warning Exit Status Critical Exit Staus Table C 9 General Remote Program settings C 4 2 General Remote Program with Data The General Remote Program with Data probe allows you to run any command or script on your system and obtain a value as well as a status string To use this probe you must include some XML code in the body of your script This probe supports the following XML tags lt perldata gt lt perldata gt lt hash gt lt hash gt 148 Appendix C Probes e lt item key gt lt item gt The remote program will need to output some iteration of the following code to STDOUT lt perldata gt lt hash gt lt item key data gt 10 lt item gt lt item key status_message gt status message here lt item gt lt hash gt lt perldata gt The require
260. signed to help you determine if updates and other information are passing through one or more RHN Proxy Servers It identifies the Proxies being used and the order in which data passes through them to reach this system The Proxy connecting directly to the central RHN Servers or your RHN Satellite Server is numbered 1 6 4 2 6 2 System Details Errata Contains a list of Errata Alerts applicable to the system Refer to Section 6 1 3 Errata Alert Icons for meanings of the icons on this tab To apply updates select them and click the Apply Errata button Double check the updates to be applied on the confirmation page then click the Confirm button After confirming the action is added to the Pending Actions list under Schedule Errata that have been scheduled cannot be selected for update In the place of a checkbox you will find a clock icon that when clicked takes you to the Action Details page To help users determine whether an update has been scheduled a Status column exists within the Errata table Possible values are None Pending Picked Up Completed and Failed This column identifies only the latest action related to an Errata For instance if an action fails and you reschedule it this column will show the status of the Errata as Pending only with no mention of the previous fail ure Clicking a status other than None takes you to the Action Details page This column corresponds to one on the Affected Systems tab of the Errata D
261. ss Health settings C 10 10 RHN Satellite Server Process Running The RHN Satellite Server Process Running probe verifies that the specified process is running Spec ify the process by either command name or process I D PID Entering a PID will override the entry of a command name A Critical status results if the probe cannot verify the command or PID Fie fae Command Name o G Process ID PID file oo Critical Number Running Maximum Sl Critical Number Running Minimum Table C 72 RHN Satellite Server Process Running settings C 10 11 RHN Satellite Server Swap The RHN Satellite Server Swap probe monitors the percent of free swap space available on a Satellite A CRITICAL status results if the value falls below the Critical threshold A WARNING status results if the value falls below the Warning threshold Fed Of Value Critical Minimum Swap Percent ree e Waming Minimum Swap Percent Free pO Table C 73 RHN Satellite Server Swap settings C 10 12 RHN Satellite Server Users The RHN Satellite Server Users probe monitors the number of users currently logged into a Satellite A CRITICAL status results if the value exceeds the Critical threshold A WARNING status results if the value exceeds the Warning threshold Fid Vale Critical Maximum Users eas Waring Maximum Users es Table C 74 RHN Satellite Server Users settings redhat Glossary A Action A task that is scheduled by a
262. ssage containing state system probe and time and the Send ID Here is an example pager notification CRITICAL hostname Satellite Users at 21 42 PST notification Oldc8hqw 7 3 3 Redirecting Notifications Upon receiving a notification you may redirect it by including advanced notification rules within an acknowledgement email Just reply to the notification and include the desired option These are the possible redirect options or filter types ACK METOO Sends the notification to the redirect destination s in addition to the default destination ACK SUSPEND Sends the notification to nobody instead of the default destination ACK AUTOACK Does not change the destination of the notification but automatically acknowl edges matching alerts as soon as they are sent to prevent escalations ACK REDIR Sends the notification to the redirect destination s instead of the default destina tion The format of the rule should be filter_type probe_type duration email_address where filter type equals one of the following advanced commands probe type equals probe or system duration equals the length of time for the redirect and email address equals the intended recipient For example 124 Chapter 7 Monitoring ACK METOO system 1h boss domain com Capitalization is not required Duration can be listed in minutes m hours h or days d Email addresses are needed only for redirects REDIR and supplemental
263. status P Unknown 22 Network Services FTP Network Services IMAP Mail Network Services Mail Transfers SMTP Network Services POP Mail Network Services RPC Service Oracle Client Connectivity MySQL Database Accessibility Monitoring J Pending 0 OK 151 Help Clear all 81 1 7 of7 2004 11 02 10 48 28 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 49 09 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 50 15 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 50 03 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 47 41 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 48 23 PM EST 2004 11 02 10 47 38 PM EST 1 7of7 b Figure 6 9 Probe Status The Probe Status page displays the summary count of probes in the various states and provides a simple interface to find problematic probes quickly Please note the probe totals in the tabs at the top of the page may not match the numbers of probes displayed in the tables below The counts at the top include probes for all systems in your organization while the tables display probes on only those systems to which you have access through the System Group Administrator role Also the probe counts displayed here may be out of sync by as much as one minute The following list describes each state and identifies the icons associated with them wi Critical The probe has crossed a CRITICAL threshold z Warning The probe has crossed a WARNING threshold Unknown The probe is not able to accurately report metric or st
264. stem with its existing RHN profile it will use the system specific activation key created here to reregister the system and return its other RHN settings For this reason you should 70 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website not regenerate delete or use this key with rhnnreg_ks while a profile based kickstart is in progress If you do the kickstart will fail 6 4 2 6 1 7 System Details Details Remote Command B The method for running a remote command on the system To allow remote commands to be run on the client through RHN first install the latest rhncfg packages available within the RHN Provision ing child channel for the system These may already be installed if you kickstarted the system with configuration management functionality Next create the necessary directory on the target system mkdir p etc sysconfig rhn allowed actions script Then create a run file in that directory to act as a flag to RHN signaling permission to allow remote commands touch etc sysconfig rhn allowed actions script run You may then identify a specific user group and timeout period as well as the script itself on this page Select a date and time to begin attempting the command and click Schedule Remote Com mand 6 4 2 6 1 8 System Details Details Connection The system s path to the package repository This tab appears for any system in an organization that has a registered RHN Proxy Server version 3 1 or later This subtab is de
265. stems and click the Apply Errata button 6 4 3 3 5 System Group Details Admins List of all organization users that potentially have permission to manage the system group Organiza tion Administrators are clearly identified System Group Administrators are marked with an asterisk To change the system group s users select and unselect the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update button 6 4 4 System Set Manager The System Set Manager allows you to perform many actions possible individually through the System Details page on multiple systems at once including Apply Errata updates Upgrade packages to the most recent versions available Add remove systems to from system groups Subscribe unsubscribe systems to from channels e Update system profiles e Modify system preferences such as scheduled download and installation of packages e Kickstart several Provisioning entitled systems at once Set the subscription and rank of configuration channels for Provisioning entitled systems Tag the most recent snapshots of your selected Provisioning entitled systems e Revert Provisioning entitled systems to previous snapshots e Run remote commands on Provisioning entitled systems Before performing actions on multiple systems you must select the systems you wish to modify Note that Update level systems cannot be selected Pages including Systems list and System Search have a column of checkboxes under the Select headi
266. stems that do not match the criteria selected The results appear at the bottom of the page For details about using the resulting system list refer to Section 6 4 2 Systems 6 4 7 Activation Keys RHN Management and Provisioning customers with the Activation Key Administrator role including Organization Administrators can generate activation keys through the RHN website These keys can then be used to register a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system entitle the system to an RHN service level and subscribe the system to specific channels and system groups through the command line utility rhnreg_ks Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions on use Note System specific activation keys created through the Reactivation subtab of the System Details page do not show up in this list because they are not reusable across systems 6 4 7 1 Managing Activation Keys To generate an activation key 1 Select Systems gt Activation Keys from the top and left navigation bars 86 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 2 Click the create new key link at the top left corner A waming In addition to the fields listed below RHN Satellite Server customers may also populate the Key field itself This user defined string of characters can then be supplied with rhnreg_ks to register client systems with the Satellite Do not insert commas in the key All other characters are accepted Commas are problematic since they ar
267. sting System Profile or obtain the latest Red Hat software packages You must choose a unique username If you enter one already in use you will see an error message see Figure 5 6 Try different usernames until you find one that has not been used The server indicated an error This username is already taken Figure 5 6 Error Username Already Exists 48 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client Note If you are already a member of redhat com you can use the same user name and password How ever you will still need to continue with the registration process to create your System Profile Your username has the following restrictions Cannot contain any spaces e Cannot contain the characters amp or e Is not case sensitive thereby eliminating the possibility of duplicate usernames differing only by capitalization In addition the following restrictions apply to both your username and password Must be at least four characters long Cannot contain any tabs Cannot contain any line feeds Passwords are case sensitive for obvious reasons If you have already registered a machine and created a System Profile you can add a new machine to your account Run the Red Hat Network Registration Client on the new machine you wish to add and enter your existing Red Hat Network username and password The new machine will be added to your existing account and you can log into Red Hat Network with your userna
268. system administrator using Red Hat Network to be performed on one or more client systems For example an action can be scheduled to update the kernel packages on all the systems within a selected group Activation Key RHN Management and Provisioning customers can generate activation keys through the RHN website Each unique key can then be used to register a Red Hat system entitle the system to RHN subscribe the system to specific channels and subscribe the system to RHN system groups through the command line utility rhnreg_ks from the rhn_register package B Base Channel A base channel is a type of Channel that consists of a list of packages based on a specific architecture and Red Hat release For example all the packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 3 for the x86 architecture make a base channel Bug Fix Alert An Errata Alert that pertains to a bug fix Bugzilla Bugzilla is an online application http www redhat com bugzilla that allows users to commu nicate directly with the developers From Bugzilla users can submit bug reports and feature requests for Red Hat Enterprise Linux and related open source packages C Channel A channel is a list of packages Channels are used to choose packages to be installed from client systems Every client system must be subscribed to one Base Channel and can be subscribed to one or more Child Channel 184 Glossary Child Channel A child channel is a Channel associated w
269. t it allows you to develop specific keys of your choosing and then assign searchable values for that key to each Provisioning entitled system For instance this feature would allow you to identify the cubicle in which each system is located 1 5 Monitoring Unlike the other service levels RHN Monitoring does not include the systems management functions of other entitlements Instead it is a separate entitlement available to Management and Provisioning level customers with Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems Monitoring allows an organization to install probes that can immediately detect failures and identify performance degradation before it becomes critical Used properly the Monitoring entitlement can give you insight into the applications services and devices on each system Specifically Monitoring provides Probes Dozens of probes can be run against each system These range from simple ping checks to custom remote programs designed to return valuable data e Notification Alerts resulting from probes entering WARNING and CRITICAL states can be sent to email and pager addresses with contact methods identified by you Each probe notification can be sent to a different method or address e Central Status The results of all probes are summarized in a single Probe Status page with the systems affected broken down by state e Reporting By selecting a probe and identifying the particular metric and a range of time you c
270. tart Red Hat Update Agent you need to install the Red Hat GPG key manually If you do not have it installed you will see the following message Your GPG keyring does not contain the Red Hat Inc public key Without it you will be unable to verify that packages Update Agent downloads are securely signed by Red Hat Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 29 Note GPG keys must be installed for each user To install the key to use with Red Hat Network import the key while logged in as root The method for installing the key varies depending on your version of RPM Starting with version 4 1 which shipped with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 you may import GPG keys using rpm like so as root rpm import usr share doc rpm 4 1 RPM GPG KEY For older versions of RPM such as the one that came with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 use the gpg command as root usr bin gpg import usr share rhn RPM GPG KEY If you need to download the Red Hat GPG key first you may obtain it from https www redhat com security team key html Here s an example Type bits keyID Date User ID pub 1024D 650D5882 2001 11 21 Red Hat Inc Security Response Team sub 2048g 7EAB9AFD 2001 11 21 Version GnuPG v1 2 1 GNU Linux mQGiBDv70vQRBADh701rf8WUzDG88kq1V N5KQ1PF0amnODB 1EeuAD 7n6bCBRmV ekQWJCdfab0Rf1S VsFg6 IAAAmDIarVnacTLOzqCdGJqIpxm rGVpLv mCh OmT9 ORF bjSzBOuPJOpilvdJwSS00D wJ8XKzHkVNgW3DiJ90z2BHYszU2ISI6FwCgxY6d IVjWT5 jb1kLNJjtD3 R024ED i0e2kn
271. the kickstart profile Make your changes and click the Update Pre button 6 4 10 4 5 1 Kickstart Details Pre interpreter Enables you to specify an interpreter and specific commands to be interpreted before the rest of the opre section Identify the interpreter such as usr bin python in the top field then include the commands to be intepreted below it and click Update Pre 6 4 10 4 6 Kickstart Details Post B Enables you to include the post script and other parameters in the kickstart profile through the following subtabs Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 91 6 4 10 4 6 1 Kickstart Details Post gt Details Allows editing of the post script and inclusion of other options to be set after initial kickstart You may alter individual commands within the script identify the package profile to be used during synchronization and include the activation key to be used for registration If you plan to include multiple activation keys first refer to Section 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once A for an explanation of how conflicts are resolved In addition you may predetermine whether configuration management and remote commands may be carried out on the system using the checkboxes at the bottom of the page Make your changes and click the Update Post button 6 4 10 4 6 2 Kickstart Details Post GPG and SSL keys Displays all of the GPG and SSL keys created by your organization To include GPG
272. this guide may be inapplicable to you This is particularly true of the RHN website which displays selected categories pages and tabs depending on the entitlement level of the account used to log in Refer to Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website to determine what is available to you Depending on which version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux you have installed the Red Hat Network Registration Client and the Red Hat Update Agent might be different than the ones described in this manual as new features are added Once you use Red Hat Network to update these applications you can use the latest version of this manual All versions of this manual are available in HTML and PDF formats at http www redhat com docs manuals RHNetwork This version of the manual covers version 4 2 38 of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 Red Hat Update Agent and versions 2 9 14 and 2 9 12 of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 Red Hat Update Agent and Red Hat Network Registration Client respectively waming Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 will need to use the separate Red Hat Network Registration Client before starting the Red Hat Update Agent Refer to Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client for instructions Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 can go directly to the Red Hat Update Agent which has registration functionality built in Refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for instructions For an overview of Red Hat Network offerings please revi
273. tion file in turn directs the machine to the location of the installation files 7 The new machine is built based upon the parameters established within the kickstart configura tion file Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 89 6 4 10 3 Creating Kickstarts To develop a new kickstart profile and you are not using RHN Satellite Server first create a distribu tion through the Distributions page Refer to Section 6 4 10 9 Kickstart Distributions for instructions Once that is done return to the Kickstart page and click create new kickstart in the upper right corner of the page On the resulting page enter a name and label for the profile select whether it should immediately be considered active and click the Select Kickstart Options button On the next page identify the precise values to be included in the profile including bootloader type time zone kickstart network configuration root password and partition details Please note that the kickstart network configuration value here is different from the network setting on the Advanced Options tab Refer to the individual tab descriptions for details Click the Create Kickstart button when done When finished with the initial profile you re presented with the Kickstart Details page which offers various options for enhancing the kickstart steps Refer to Section 6 4 10 4 Kickstart Details for descriptions of the page and its tabs Take note that RHN supports including separ
274. ton in this column loads the group from that row and launches the System Set Manager immediately Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager GJ for more information 6 4 3 1 Creating Groups To add a new system group click the create new group button at the top right corner of the page Type a name and description and click the Create Group button Make sure you use a name that clearly sets this group apart from others The new group will appear in the System Groups list 6 4 3 2 Adding and Removing Systems in Groups Systems can be added and removed from system groups in two places the Target Systems tab of the System Group Details page and the Groups tab of the System Details page The process is similar in both instances Select the systems to be added or removed and click the Add Systems or Remove Systems button 6 4 3 3 System Group Details At the top of each System Group Details page are two links work with group and delete group Clicking delete group does just that and should be used with caution Clicking Work with Group functions similarly to the Use Group button from the System Groups list in that it loads the group s systems and launches the System Set Manager immediately Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Man ager ey for more information The System Group Details page is broken down into tabs 6 4 3 3 1 System Group Details Details Basic information about the system group the group name and group
275. tored profiles and other Management and Provisioning systems To make the comparison with a stored profile select that profile from the pulldown menu and click the Compare button To make the comparison with another system select it from the associated pulldown menu and click the Compare button To create a stored profile based upon the existing system click the Create System Profile button enter any 72 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website additional information you desire and click the Create Profile button These profiles are kept within the Stored Profiles page linked from the left navigation bar Once package profiles have been compared Provisioning customers have the ability to syn chronize the packages of the selected system with the package manifest of the compared profile Note that this action may delete packages on the system not in the profile as well as install packages from the profile To install specific packages select the checkboxes of packages from the profile To remove specific packages already installed on the system itself select the checkboxes of packages showing a difference of This system only To synchronize the system s packages with the compared profile entirely select the master checkbox at the top of the column Then click the Syne Packages to but ton On the confirmation screen review the changes select a time frame for the action and click the Schedule Sync button 6 4 2 6 4 System Details Channe
276. ts the specific probe to the Managed Server host It should also be noted that the community string needed for probes run against Managed Server hosts should be in the form of community _prefix managed_server_name in order for the SNMP query to return results for the desired Managed Server Finally SNMP must be enabled on each monitored system SNMP support can be enabled and configured through the WebLogic Console Please see the documentation that came with your BEA server or information on the BEA website for more details about BEA s community string naming conventions http e docs bea com wls docs70 snmpman snmpagent html C 3 1 BEA WebLogic Execute Queue The BEA WebLogic Execute Queue probe monitors the WebLogic execute queue and provides the following metrics Idle Execute Threads The number of execution threads in an idle state e Queue Length The number of requests in the queue Request Rate The number of requests per second This probe s transport protocol is User Datagram Protocol UDP Fie fae BEA Domain Admin Server Critical Maximum Idle Execute Threads Warning Maximum Idle Execute Threads Critical Maximum Queue Length Warning Maximum Queue Length o Critical Maximum Request Rate Waring Maximum Request Rae Table C 4 BEA WebLogic Execute Queue settings Appendix C Probes 145 C 3 2 BEA WebLogic Heap Free The BEA WebLogic Heap Free probe collects the following metric
277. tuitive label without spaces in the Distribution Label field such as my orgs rhel as 3 In the External Location field paste the URL to the base of the installation tree You can test this by appending README to the URL in a Web browser hitting return and ensuring the distribution s readme file appears In the Autokickstart RPM field enter the auto ks kernel image for the distribution You can find all of the available packages by searching packages for auto kickstart Identify the appropriate package Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 93 based upon the distribution to be kickstarted It should look something like auto kickstart ks rhel i386 as 3 Then strip everything preceding the ks to derive the boot image For instance in the above example you would put ks rhel i386 as 3 in the Autokickstart RPM field Then select the matching distribution from the Base Channel and Installer Generation dropdown menus such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS v 3 for x86 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 respectively When finished click the Create button 6 4 10 10 Kickstart gt File Preservation Collects lists of files to be protected and re deployed on systems during kickstart For instance if you have many custom configuration files located on a system to be kickstarted you can enter them here quickly as a list and then associate that list with the kickstart profile to be used To use this feature click the create new file
278. tworks Services ici sesecaseceidssveeepacaeaseva E T EREA eE a EEEE pense 163 C 8 1 Network Services DNS Lookup 163 C 8 2 Network Services FI Pes sceciscsssssasseneosaicagsscssvecsesacsssvassceveiaiaedasasadontavaveasaasaanye 163 C 8 3 Network Services IMAP Maill cccecesesssesereseeeeseeeseeeseeeeseeeeseeseeeeseeeeaeenes 164 C 8 4 Network Services Mail Transfer SMTP 164 C 8 5 Network Services Ping eee 165 C 8 6 Network Services POP Mail 165 C 8 7 Network Services Remote Ping 166 C 8 8 Network Services RPCService ceeeeeees 167 C 8 9 Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS 167 C 8 10 Network Services SSH ccccesceseeseereeees 168 C 8 11 Network Services Web Server HTTP c cscssscsseeeseeseeeeseeeeeeeseeeeseereaes 168 G9 Oracle Si anid 1 ei sehieeceeesent hy ieee ttisalAencen E A 169 G29 1 Oracle Active SESSIONS unsa eieiei irrite ii aii S 169 C92 Oracles Availability veesii Ea sea E e EEEE VEETEE S A 170 C 9 3 Oracle Blocking Sessions 170 C 9 4 Oracle Buffer Cache C 9 5 Oracle Client Connectivity C 9 6 Oracle Data Dictionary Cache C 9 7 Oracle Disk Sort Ratio 98 Oracle dle SESSIONS nereo erorien itir Enne EEE EEEE EEEE SETE doses seeekcantesees C99 Oracle Index EXtents oserei E NEEE E S E EEE C 9 10 Oracle Library Cache C911 Oracle LOCKS s ieestaes cas aascunesiaasetzsessdsnbsaesstea
279. typically the case you should leave this field blank If you do have virtual hosts configured enter the domain name of the first host here Add as many probes as necessary to monitor all virtual hosts on the machine ied Vawe O Virtual Host l Expect Header Expect Content CS oa UserAgent Password Timeout HTTP Port Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency o Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency o E Table C 47 Network Services Web Server HTTP settings Userame as C 9 Oracle 8i and 9i The probes in this section may be applied to instances of the Oracle database matching the versions supported Oracle probes require the configuration of the database and associations made by run ning SORACLE_HOME rdbms admin catalog sq1 In addition for these probes to function prop erly the Oracle user configured in the probe must have minimum privileges of CONNECT and SE LECT_CATALOG_ROLE Some Oracle probes are specifically aimed at tuning devices for long term performance gains rather than avoiding outages Therefore Red Hat recommends scheduling them to occur less frequently between every hour and every two days This will provide a better statistical representation than every few minutes while de emphasizing anomalies that can occur This applies to following probes Buffer Cache Data Dictionary Cache Disk Sort Ratio Library Cache and Redo Log For CRITICAL and WARNING thresholds based upon time to work as intended their v
280. ubscribe or unsubscribe from channels or for more information about the channels available see https rhn redhat com Channel Information Red Hat Linux 8 0 i386 X Cancel Back f Forward Figure 2 14 Channels 2 3 2 Choosing Packages to Update After clicking Forward the dialog box in Figure 2 15 will appear This means a connection to Red Hat Network is being established and your customized list of updates is being retrieved This might take some time depending on the speed of your connection and the number of packages you have installed 20 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent Fetching package list for channel redhat4inuxi386 8 0 Figure 2 15 Retrieve Update Information While you see this dialog box the Red Hat Update Agent uses your unique Digital Certificate etc sysconfig rhn systemid to determine if there are any updated packages available for your system If there are no updated packages available for your system the dialog box in Figure 2 16 appears Click OK to exit the Red Hat Update Agent Your system is fully updated No new packages are needed Bok Figure 2 16 No new packages needed If you excluded any packages while registering your System Profile these are displayed in Figure 2 17 You may override these settings and include any of these packages in the update by selecting the checkboxes next to them To see a summary of each package in the Package
281. uding the system here you must choose to receive email notifications in the Your Preferences page of the Your RHN category Refer to Section 6 3 2 Your Preferences for instructions Note that RHN will send these summaries only to verified email addresses Automatic application of relevant errata This setting allows you have all Errata Updates auto matically applied to a system This means packages associated with Errata will be updated without any user intervention Customers should note that Red Hat does not recommend the use of the auto update feature for production systems because conflicts between packages and environments can cause system failures The Red Hat Network Daemon must be enabled on the systems for this feature to work 6 4 2 6 1 3 System Details Details Hardware Detailed information about the system including networking BIOS storage and other devices This appears only if you selected to include the hardware profile for this machine during registration If the hardware profile looks incomplete or outdated click the Schedule Hardware Refresh button to schedule a Hardware Profile update for your system The next time the RHN Daemon connects to RHN it will update your System Profile with the latest list of hardware 6 4 2 6 1 4 System Details Details gt Notes A place to create notes about the system To add a new note click the create new note button type a subject and details and click the Create button To
282. ustomers with Provisioning entitlements to kickstart reconfigure track and revert systems on the fly In addition to all of the features mentioned in lower service levels Provisioning provides Kickstarting Systems with Provisioning entitlements may be re installed through RHN with a whole host of options established in kickstart profiles Options include everything from the type of bootloader and time zone to packages included excluded and IP address ranges allowed Even GPG and SSL keys can be pre configured e Client Configuration Customers may use RHN to manage the configuration files on Provisioning entitled systems Users can upload files to RHN s central configuration manager verify local configuration files against those stored by RHN and deploy files from RHN Further custom configuration channels can be created to help manage this process Snapshot Rollbacks Provisioning level users have the ability to revert the package profile con figuration files and RHN settings of systems This is possible because snapshots are captured when ever an action takes place on a system These snapshots identify groups channels packages and configuration files 4 Chapter 1 Red Hat Network Overview Custom System Information Provisioning customers may identify any type of information they choose about their systems This differs from the more rigorous System Profile information and the completely arbitrary Notes in tha
283. v in ckm_redhat SIGN OUT m Your RHN Systems Errata Channels Schedule Users Help Systems i Q Search 15 SYSTEMS SELECTED Manage Clear Software Channels B Software Channels Overview Relevant The software channels listed below are most relevant to your organization You may also view a list of all available channels as well as retired channels Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS v 4 for 32 bit x86 1464 0 Red Hat Network Proxy v3 7 for AS v4 x86 95 0 Red Hat Network Satellite v3 7 for AS v4 x86 173 0 Red Hat Network Tools for RHEL AS v 4 for x86 72 0 RHEL AS v 4 for x86 Extras 20 0 RHEL AS v 4 for x86 Hardware Certification 2 0 RHEL AS v 4 for x86 SDK Beta 1 0 j Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS v 4 for x86 Alpha 1316 0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES v 4 for 32 bit x86 1464 0 Red Hat Network Tools for RHEL ES v 4 for x86 72 0 RHEL ES v 4 for x86 Extras 20 0 aal Ho a Figure 6 6 Relevant Channels Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 99 6 6 1 2 Retired Channels The Retired Channels page displays channels available to your organization that have reached their end of life dates These channels do not receive updates 6 6 1 3 All Channels The All Channels page can be retrieved by clicking All below Software Channels in the left nav igation bar It works identically to the Relevant button with one exception It displays all software channels offered by R
284. version number gt is displayed in this style The directory for the kernel source is usr src kernels lt version number gt where lt version number gt is the version and type of kernel installed on this system Additionally we use several different strategies to draw your attention to certain pieces of information In order of how critical the information is to your system these items are marked as a note tip important caution or warning For example Note Remember that Linux is case sensitive In other words a rose is not a ROSE is not a rOsE Om The directory usr share doc contains additional documentation for packages installed on your system Broren If you modify the DHCP configuration file the changes do not take effect until you restart the DHCP daemon iv Introduction to the Guide QO caution Do not perform routine tasks as root use a regular user account unless you need to use the root account for system administration tasks A waming Be careful to remove only the necessary partitions Removing other partitions could result in data loss or a corrupted system environment 2 More to Come The Red Hat Network Reference Guide is constantly expanding as new Red Hat Network features and service plans are launched HTML and PDF versions of this and other manuals are available within the Help section of the RHN website and at http www redhat com docs Note Although this manual reflects the m
285. vide them You should see output resembling Red Hat Network username rhn user Password Removing from config channel blah3 tmp dest_path foo txt removed A 2 10 Deleting a Config Channel To detroy a config channel in your organization issue the command rhncfg manager remove channel channel label You should see output resembling Removing config channel blah Config channel blah removed Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools 135 A 2 11 Determining the Number of File Revisions To find out how many revisions revisions go from 1 to N with N being an integer greater than 0 of a file path are in a channel issue the command rhncfg manager revisions channel label tmp dest_path foo txt You should see output resembling Analyzing files in config channel blah tmp dest_path foo txt 1 A 2 12 Updating a File in a Channel To create a new revision of a file in a channel or add the first revision to that channel if none existed before for the given path issue the command rhncfg manager update channel channel label dest file path to file txt local path to file You should see output resembling Pushing to channel blah Local file blah tmp dest_path foo txt gt remote file tmp dest_path foo txt A 2 13 Uploading Multiple Files at Once To upload multiple files to a config channel from local disk at once issue the command rhncfg manager upload channel topdir topdir channel label You
286. w subtab contains basic System Info Subscribed Channels and System Properties Clicking the Alter Channel Subscriptions link takes you to the Channels tab while clicking the Edit these properties link takes you to the Properties subtab See the following sections for more information 6 4 2 6 1 2 System Details Details gt Properties The profile name entitlement level notification choice daily summary auto Errata update and phys ical location of the system including street address city state country building room and rack To modify this information make your changes and click the Update Properties button Note that many of these properties can be set for multiple systems at once through the System Set Manager inter face Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for details The following properties deserve additional explanation Receive Notifications of Updates Errata This setting keeps you abreast of all advisories per taining to the system Anytime an update is produced and released for the system a notification is sent via email Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 69 Include system in daily summary report calculations This setting includes the system in a daily summary of system events By default all Management and Provisioning systems are included in the summary These are actions affecting packages such as scheduled Errata Updates and system reboots or failures to check in In addition to incl
287. ween Latest Config Files To obtain a difference between the config files on disk and the latest revisions in a channel issue the command rhncfg manager diff channel channel label dest file path to file txt local path to file You should see output resembling tmp dest_path foo txt home test blahhello_world txt tmp dest_path foo txt config_channel blah revision 1 home test blah hello_world txt 2003 12 14 19 08 59 000000000 0500 1 1 foo hello world Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools 133 A 2 4 Differentiating between Various Versions To compare different versions of a file across channels and revisions use the r flag to indicate which revision of the file should be compared and the n flag to identify the two channels to be checked Refer to Section A 2 11 Determining the Number of File Revisions for related instructions Note that you specify only one filename here since you re comparing the file against another version of itself such as rhncfg manager diff revisions n channel labell r 1 n channel label2 r 1 path to file txt You should see output resembling tmp dest_path foo txt 2004 01 13 14 36 41 config channel blah2 revision 1 tmp dest_path foo txt 2004 01 13 14 42 42 config channel blah3 revision 1 1 1 20 foo blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaah Version GnuPG v1 0 6 GNU Linux Comment For info see http www gnupg org F iD8DBQA9
288. wnloading the packages through the Red Hat Update Agent they must be installed If you chose not to have the packages installed via the Red Hat Update Agent skip to Section 2 3 5 2 Manual Package Installation for further instructions If you configured it to install the packages the default setting the selected packages are installed The progress of installing each package as well as the total progress is displayed When the packages have been installed as seen in Figure 2 22 click Forward to continue Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent 25 Installing Packages ws Installing vat spool up2date xinetd 2 3 7 5 i386 rpm Total Progress All finished Click Forward to continue Figure 2 22 Installation Finished 2 3 4 Update Agent Finished When the Red Hat Update Agent has finished downloading the desired packages and installing them if you chose the install option you will see the screen in Figure 2 23 Click Finish to exit the Red Hat Update Agent 26 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent All Finished The Red Hat Update Agent has finished installing the following packages successfully xinetd 2 3 7 5 amp Cancel Back Finish Figure 2 23 Update Agent Finished 2 3 5 Command Line Version If you are not running X you can still run the Red Hat Update Agent from a virtual console or remote terminal If you are running X but want to us
289. www redhat com errata Each RHN Er rata Alert is based on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Errata List Security issues and bug fixes are submitted by Red Hat engineers as well as the Linux community through Bugzilla which generates a bug report for each issue Red Hat engineering evaluates the reports resolves the bug and generates new RPM packages After the Red Hat quality assurance Glossary 185 team tests new packages they are placed on the Red Hat Public File Server and on the Red Hat Network Server and an Errata is generated Errata Alert RHN Errata Alert that updated packages based on Red Hat Errata are available for one or more systems within an organization There are three types of Errata Alerts Security Alerts Bug Fix Alerts and Enhancement Alerts Management One of the RHN service level offerings It has more features than the Update service level in cluding user management system groups and enhanced system details O Organization Administrator Organization Administrator are sets of users that have the highest level of control over an orga nization s Red Hat Network account Members of this group can add users systems and system groups to the organization as well as remove them An Organization Administrator can also give users administrative privileges to system groups An RHN organization must have at least one member of the Organization Administrator group P Package All software in Red Hat Enterprise
290. xZoRZ t qv jNbPKFpRraiQrUDsZFbgksBCzkzd0YURvi CegO2K7JIPKbZJo06eJA10gi BOVAx2EUi jZ xIKqZeLx40EKMaL 7Wa2CM xmkOQmCgg Hyu5bmLSMZ7cxFSWyXOst 78dehCKv 9WyPxHV3m4iANWFL4hGBBgRAgAGBOI 7 903 AAOoJEF 5UgIN1DViCKWcAoMCeYStWVKXJTyt zHEL6W18rXr8WAKCHuapJIA4 eFsf 4ciWt jY8cO0v80 30 Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent yOVZ Save the text file and import it into your keyring using the method applicable for your version of RPM 2 3 5 2 Manual Package Installation If you chose to download the software updates with the Red Hat Update Agent or from the RHN website you must install them manually using RPM To install them change to the directory that contains the downloaded packages The default direc tory is var spool up2date Then type the command rpm Uvh rpm When the packages are finished installing you can delete them if you wish You do not need them anymore After installing the packages you must update your System Profile so that you are not prompted to download them again Refer to Section 2 3 5 3 Synchronizing Your System Profile for details 2 3 5 3 Synchronizing Your System Profile If you configured the Red Hat Update Agent to install the latest packages then your System Profile stored by Red Hat Network will be updated after the packages are installed However if you only download the latest RPM packages using the Red Hat Update Agent download the RPM packages from the website or upgrade install remove RPM packages yourself you
291. you will also have the option within this tab of unsubscribing systems y Pp ig sy from the channel Use the checkboxes to select the systems then click the Unsubscribe button on the bottom right hand corner 6 6 1 4 7 Software Channel Details Target Systems List of entitled systems that are eligible to be subscribed to the channel This tab appears only for child channels Use the checkboxes to select the systems then click the Subscribe button on the bottom right hand corner You will receive a success message or be notified of any errors This can also be accomplished through the Channels tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for more information 6 6 1 4 8 Software Channel Details Downloads ISO images associated with the channel This tab appears only for base channels Links on the Easy ISOs pages bring you to this tab for the related channel Red Hat recommends using curl or wget for ISO downloads Click the help on using curl or wget link for precise instructions 6 6 1 4 9 Software Channel Details License Text of the channel s End User License Agreement This tab is associated only with channels of third party providers It appears when you attempt a subscription to such a channel through the Target Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 101 Systems tab To complete the subscription read the agreement click the Accept button and then click the Confirm button To decline the subscription
292. ystems Kickstart i Display and modify various aspects of kickstart profiles used in provisioning systems Errata View and manage Errata Alerts here Errata List Errata Alerts and download associated RPMs Advanced Search Search Errata Alerts based on specific criteria such as synopsis advisory type and package name Channels View and manage the available RHN channels and the files they contain Software Channels View a list of all software channels and those applicable to your systems Channel Entitlements View a list of software channels for which you have paid as well as the systems associated with each Easy ISOs Access priority downloading of Red Hat ISO images ISO images are used to write to CD Package Search Search packages using all or some portion of the package name Manage Config Channels Create and edit channels used to deploy configuration files Schedule Keep track of your scheduled actions Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website 59 Pending Actions List scheduled actions that have not been completed Failed Actions List scheduled actions that have failed Completed Actions List scheduled actions that have been completed Completed actions can be archived at any time Archived Actions List completed actions that have been selected to archive Users View and manage users for your organization User List List users

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