Hafler P7000 Stereo Amplifier User Manual
Contents
1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS adan es a O Adn O i PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS 3 02 22 en ee a te einen ii INTRODUCTION TT en EE O nt 1 INSTALLATION ROL 2 Dem T 2 jj E 2 Input Erossover T 3 Input dero ssi Mire ir 3 Output Connections isc YN Dn da Y AAA DON aa ladite iie kudumis O EF ra tai 3 OPERATION Power Witch dee TS ME LEE 4 E REN E DR M Y Hd YY Yd CC 4 X Cand Crossovers su uam dic 4 Ground SWITCH ENTRY FFR NEF a e 5 Short Circuit Protection salle a nm en u yd du Y 5 LED IROICatOES eter eee Er dte iret eed ratones iav EUM LM DE NE 5 lACuuES 5 Cleaning and METER alal 5 TECHNICAL REFERENCE Field Service ConsideratlORS nee t rtt rd ERREUR CYW aa 6 Theory and Operation of TANSENOVA ss us coco ret nette ope eee nee ee made 6 PC Board LAV NN 7 Schematic Date iN A ea 8 A CE t eet ee Eee iaia alice 10 P7000 Functional Block Diagrammi ascii ai 12 Circuit Operation A iano parli nia 13 Ampliti r Module Replacement iniciara nine 16 Building Custom XCards ete Wd nU A Td SEF ANODD EE E E E E 17 ResistorChatt iarciianin aaa 18 WARRANTY n ep sans eu una alia 19 INTRODUCTION The Hafler P7000 is a two channel professional power amplifier suitable for use in any sou2. Shut Down Comparator Switch U3B 05 O4 Clip Detector U3A Clip Detector U4A Short Latch U4C CR14 Short A Indicator CR1 Output Signal The Short detector monitors the Drive Signal and Output Signal levels and shuts down that channel when a shorted output condition is detected Recovering from the Short protection requires turning the amplifier off to reset it The Clip Detectors U3A and U4B monitor the Drive Signal and change state when the drive signal level is sufficient to clip the output stage The output of U3A goes high when the drive signal exceeds the clip threshold and is connected to the input of U3B If the output signal voltage is not sufficiently positive during a clip event the output of U3B goes low The output of U4B goes low when the drive signal exceeds the clip threshold and is connected to the input of U4A If the output signal voltage is not sufficiently negative during a clip event the output of U4A goes low This condition indicating high drive voltage and low output voltage can occur only when the output is grounded If the output of comparator stage U3B or U4A is low for the time sufficient for C26 to charge then U4C latches low activating the Shut Down Switch Q5 and Q4 and lighting the indicator CR1 The output of U4C is held low by CR14 and will reset only after the power is turned off les Thermal Protection Soft Start Switch Q1 Temp Comparator TS1 R25 U5B THERMAL Indicator CR
3. 0 1uF 100V Mylar 0 1uF 100V Mylar MMBT5088L LM 317 Regulator LM 337 Regulator MMBT3904L MMBT5087L MMBT5088L MMBT5088L MMBT3904L MPS A56 MPS A56 MPS A06 MPS A06 MMBT5088L MMBT5087L 2N 6488 MMBT3904L N Channel MOSFET N Channel MOSFET N Channel MOSFET N Channel MOSFET P Channel MOSFET P Channel MOSFET P Channel MOSFET P Channel MOSFET MMBT5088L MMBT5087L MMBT5087L Bridge Rectifier LED Red LED Red LED Red LED Green PART CER 106SM CER 106SM CYV 474 024 CYV 474 024 CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CERS 478E CER 476 024 CER 106C 024 CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 270CAAA CDS 104CCDB CDS 270CAAA CM 220 024 CM 470 024 CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CER 105CSM CDS 104CCDB CD 103 20 024 CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 101CAAA CM 220 024 CDS 473CBBA CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 270DAAA CER 107A 024 CER 107A 024 CDS 101CAAA CDS 101CAAA CDS 473CBBA CY 104 024 CY 104 024 SS 0114 SS 239 046 SS 240 046 SS 0792 SS 0115 SS 0114 SS 0114 SS 0792 SS 101A SS 101A SS 102A SS 102A SS 0114 SS 0115 SS 112C 046 SS 0792 SS 0961 069 SS 0961 069 SS 0961 069 SS 0961 069 SS 0962 069 SS 0962 069 SS 0962 069 SS 0962 069 SS 0114 SS 0115 SS 0115 SSH 609 SS 741 SS 741 SS 741 SS 740 DESIGNATOR CR5 CR6 CR7 CR8 CRI CR10 CR11 CR12 CR13 CR14 CR15 CR16 CR18 CR19 CG CE eee vonouPwn J301 SL1 swi sw2 SW3 SW4 F1 TS1 VALUE MMBD914L Diode MMBD914L Diode MMB
4. ee amp Operation NOTICE IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK AY DO NOT OPEN A WARNING TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated dangerous voltage within the product s enclosure that may be of sufficient magni tude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user ofthe presence of important operating and maintenance servic ing instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance 10 READ INSTRUCTIONS All the safety and operating instructions of your Hafler equipment should be read before power is applied to the equipment RETAIN OWNER S MANUAL These safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference HEED WARNINGS All warnings on the equipment and in the operating instructions are important and should be followed FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS All operating and use instructions are important and should be followed HEAT The equipment should be kept away from areas of high tempera ture i e heater vents radiators stoves ovens fireplaces etc VENTILATION The equipment should be used in an area suitable for proper ventilation Care should be taken not to impede airflow in and around the cabine
5. the required current at the high audio frequencies Since the operation of the transconductance driver stage is a major factor in the reproduction quality of the amplifier we developed our proprietary DIABLO Dynamically Invariant A B Linear Operation patent application in process circuit to satisfy the current headroom requirements DIABLO does this by smoothly and continuously varying the current transfer ratios of the two transconductance paths under the control of the signal current itself This implementation allows the current transfer ratio of one path to be smoothly and continuously reduced to zero while the other path is smoothly and continuously increased by a factor of two This yields an additional 14dB of currentheadroom to drive the MOSFETs The result is a dramatic reduction in high frequency distortion combined with improved ultrasonic stability The P7000 has the highest power rating of any amplifier utilizing the basic transe nova principle Designers of systems with high power requirements can now take advantage of the natural and realistic reproduction characteristic of the transe nova circuit topology PC BoARD Layout ES UM ScHEMATIC DIAGRAM NOTES Unless specified otherwise 1 All resistors in ohms 2 Channel 1 only shown 17V LD pis R129 6112 100 100 100uF 28V CER 107A JWT 6 Jwr s JWT 2 JW7 4 JWT 3 119 uF 100V CY 104 les slew los CERS 478E 4700uF 100V x3 RED
6. 4 103C RM 4 153C RM 4 472C RM 4 223C RM 4 104C RM 4 104C RM 4 223C RM 4 104C RM 4 472C RM 4 104C RM 4 202C RM 4 821C RM 4 202C RM 4 101C RM 4 101C RM 4 202C RM 4 102C RM 4 152C RM 4 102C RM 4 0475C RM 4 102C RVH 201 RM 4 0475C RM 4 4750C RM 4 000C RM 4 4750C RM 4 4750C RM 4 221C CDS 681DBAA CDS 104CCDB CERS 478E CDS 104CCDB CERS 478E CDS 271CAAA CDS 271CAAA CDS 270DAAA CDS 104CCDB CERS 478E CERS 478E CERS 478E CER 477C 024 CER 477C 024 CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB CDS 104CCDB DESIGNATOR C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31 C32 C33 C34 C35 C36 C37 C38 C39 C40 C42 C43 C44 C45 C46 C47 C48 C49 C50 C112 C113 C114 C115 C116 C119 C120 QI Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q30 Q31 Q32 Q33 Q40 O41 Q42 Q43 Q103 Q104 Q105 BRI CRI CR2 CR3 CR4 VALUE 1OLF 16V Electrolytic 1OLF 16V Electrolytic 0 474F 50V 0 47UF 50V 0 14 50V 0 1uF 50V 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 47yF 16V Electrolytic 1OLF 50V Electrolytic 0 1uF 50V 0 1uF 50V 27pF 50V 0 1uF 50V 27pF 50V 22pF 500V Mica 47pF 500V Mica 0 1uF 50V 0 1uF 50V 1 0uF 50V Electrolytic 0 1uF 50V 0 011F 1kV Disk 0 1uF 50V 0 1uF 50V 100pF 50V 22pF 500V Mica 0 047uF 50V 0 1uF 50V 0 1uF 50V 27pF 100V 1001F 25V Electrolytic 1001F 25V Electrolytic 100pF 50V 100pF 50V 0 047uF 50V
7. RED ad is T SIGNAL TRANSFORMER OUT CENTER TAP GND CE OUTPUT SIGNAL C49 RIE 1875 Aur 80V 220 a Q 8 a 3 M 280362 aroour soov 4027 ora ASS ee e i censime nr sew 17V OFF Ny ar pr 200V eus CER 107A 100uF 28V 0 94v 25V c a BLUE cu WES CD 103 20 4TOUF 60V 942 v LOW VOLTAGE SEC C P BLUE CR10 WHT BLU J IN OVERLOAD CRIS THERMAL RAT 10K CLIP R20 100K do uns OWERONOFF SIGNAL y eos 88 0428 NN CRT CRS t Ta 2 PCM AuF 50V A a o V al A A Rio THERMAL wt LV2 Parts LIST DESIGNATOR VALUE ALL RESISTORS IN OHMS RI R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30 R31 R32 R33 R34 R35 R36 R37 R38 R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47 R48 R49 R50 R51 R52 R53 R54 R55 R56 R57 R58 R59 R60 R61 R62 R63 R64 R65 R66 R67 R68 R69 56 2k 1 4W 1 1k 1 4W 5 47k 1 4W 5 47k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 280 1 4W 1 2 15k 1 4W 1 200 Trim Pot 2 26k 1 4W 1 28k 1 4W 1 300k 1 4W 5 28k 1 4W 1 470k 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 3 3M 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 604k 1 4W 1 45 3k 1 4W 1 2 2M 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 10k Pot Dual 1k 1 4W 5 2 2M 1 4W 5 316 1 4W 1 316 1 4W 1 3 92k 1 4W 1 3 92k 1 4W 1 0 1 4W 1 100 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 475 WAW 1 220 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5
8. channel mono or single channel bridged use When the amplifier is run in two channel mono mode the level controls and crossovers for each channel are fully functional which allows for using the amplifier as a single channel in a bi amped system Specialized circuits which prevent damage to the amplifiers and speakers have been carefully implemented to avoid affecting the audio signal A soft start circuit prevents sending potentially destructive turn on and turn off transients to the speakers A thermal sensing network monitors the heatsink temperature and shuts down the amplifier to protect it from excessive operating heat The need for internal fuses has been eliminated a sensing circuit monitors the output and shuts down the power when it detects a short in the output load Each channel of the amplifier has been built as a self contained module This modular arrangement simplifies construction and improves service accessibility The circuit board assembly makes extensive use of surface mount components in the low power portion of the audio circuitry Automated equipment is used to place and solder the components which yields greater uniformity and reliability The front panel has controls for input level adjustment and the power switch In addition LED indicators give a visual representation of the operating status of each channel The THERMAL and SHORT indicators light to show when these protection circuits have been activated The clip indicator
9. helps prevent damaging the speakers by showing when the amplifier is overdriven The SIGNAL indicator lights to show the presence of an audio signal INSTALLATION LOCATION The P7000 uses forced air fan cooling to remove the heat produced in normal operation Although this makes the amplifier less sensitive to ventilation than if it were passively cooled fresh air flow at the mounting location must still be considered The fan pulls in fresh air through the side vents and the heated air is forced out through the front panel Another consideration when choosing the location for a fan cooled amplifier is its proximity to the listening position In some situations the sound of the fan operation can be distracting The power transformer can generate a substantial magnetic field so caution should be exercised in the placement of low level components such as a tape deck mixer or mic preamp to avoid inducing noise in the low level circuitry Allow several inches of clearance when mounting these components AC LINE The P7000 operates from a 120 volt 60Hz AC power line Connection is made by 14 gauge IEC Type 320 grounded line cord For safety considerations only a properly grounded earthed receptacle should be used If a grounded circuit is not available do not break off the ground pin use the proper adapter plug for a two wire receptacle The power line fuse is mounted on the rear panel of the amplifier If this fuse blows replace it only with th
10. 00 Amplifier is warranted to the original owner non transferrable for seven years from the date of purchase including parts labor and return shipping costs within the Continental United States Alaska and Hawaii This warranty applies only to products sold in the United States of America For warranties outside the U S A please contact your local agent It is the owner s responsibility to pay shipping preferably United Parcel Service UPS to the factory collect shipments will not be accepted Units under warranty should be accompanied by a copy of the dated Bill Of Sale Use the original carton and all packing material with the RA number clearly marked on the outside of the package Be sure to include a return address the RA number a daytime telephone number and a brief description ofthe difficulty including whether it occurs continuously or intermittently This warranty gives you specific legal rights You may also have other rights which may vary from state to state 19 HAFLER PROFESSIONAL A DIVISION OF ROCKFORD CORPORATION 546 SOUTH ROCKFORD DRIVE TEMPE ARIZONA 85281 U S A IN U S A 602 967 3565 IN CANADA 604 942 1001 IN EUROPE FAX 49 4207 801250 IN JAPAN FAX 81 559 79 01265 MAN 0963 B 9 95
11. 2 The Thermal protection is activated and shuts down audio operation when the amplifier heatsink reaches an excessively high temperature The voltage divider R22 and R23 establishes the reference voltage on pin 5 of U5B The control voltage Temp on pin 4 is established by the voltage divider TS1 and R25 TS1 is a NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor mounted on the heatsink As T 1 warms andthe resistance falls the voltage on pin 4 rises When the voltage on pin 4 exceeds the voltage on pin 5 the output on pin 2 goes low shutting down the Soft Start switch O1 and lighting the THERMAL indicator Clipping Indicator Drive Clipping LED Driver CLIP Indicator Signal E U5C CR3 The CLIP indicator is driven by the buffer U5C which is controlled by the comparator U5A The voltage divider R56 and R57 established the reference voltage for the clipping detector at pin 7 of U5A The reference voltage scales the output of U5A to indicate when the Drive Signal at pin 6 demands in excess of the available voltage or current of the output stage The output of USA is stretched by R55 and C30to prevent the CLIP indicator CR3 from flickering Hysteresis is applied to the LED driver U5C by R53 to stabilize the output during input transitions Signal Present Indicator Amplifi Signal SIGNAL Output Detector m Indicator U5D CR4 The SIGNAL indicator is controlled by the comparator U5D and the transistor Q8 The amplifier output is conne
12. 3 3M 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 1 5k 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 15k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 15k 1 4W 5 47k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 6 8k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 2 2M 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 15k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 475 AW 1 100k 1 4W 5 2 2M 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 475 WAW 1 220 1 4W 5 220 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 PART RMP 4 5622 03 RM 4 102C RM 4 473C RM 4 473C RM 4 102C RM 4 2800C RM 4 2151C RVH 201 RM 4 2261C RMP 4 2802 RM 4 304C RM 4 2802C RM 4 474C RM 4 101C RM 4 335C RM 4 472C RM 4 103C RM 4 104C RM 4 6043C RM 4 4532C RM 4 225C RM 4 104C RM 4 104C RV 0818 RM 4 102C RM 4 225C RM 4 3160C RM 4 3160C RM 4 3921C RM 4 3921C RM 4 000C RM 4 101C RM 4 101C RM 4 4750C RM 4 221C RM 4 102C RM 4 102C RM 4 335C RM 4 102C RM 4 152C RM 4 101C RM 4 103C RM 4 153C RM 4 103C RM 4 153C RM 4 473C RM 4 103C RM 4 472C RM 4 682C RM 4 472C RM 4 472C RM 4 472C RM 4 225C RM 4 103C RM 4 104C RM 4 153C RM 4 103C RM 4 104C RM 4 103C RM 4 4750C RM 4 104C RM 4 225C RM 4 103C RM 4 104C RM 4 4750C RM 4 221C RM 4 221C RM 4 101C RM 4 101C 10 DESIGNATOR R70 R71 R72 R73 R74 R75 R76 R77 R78 R79 R80 R81 R82 R83 R84 R85 R86 R87 R88 R89 R90 R91 R92 R93 R94 R95 R96 R97 R98 R99 R123 R124 R127 R128 R129 R130 R131 R132 R1
13. 33 R134 R135 R136 R138 R139 R140 R141 R159 R164 cl C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 VALUE 100 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 68 1 4W 51 1 4W 5 51 1 4W 5 11 8k 1 10W 1 20k 1 10W 1 10M 1 10W 5 11 8k 1 10W 1 20k 1 10W 1 10M 1 10W 5 1k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 2k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 1 74k 1 4W 1 6 8k 1 4W 5 10k 1 4W 5 15k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 22k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 22k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 4 7k 1 4W 5 100k 1 4W 5 2k 1 4W 5 820 1 4W 5 2k 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 100 1 4W 5 2k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 1 5k 1 4W 5 1k 1 4W 5 47 5 1 4W 1 1k 1 4W 5 200 Trim Pot 47 5 1 4W 1 475 WAW 1 0 1 4W 1 475 WAW 1 475 WAW 1 220 1 4W 5 680pF 100V 0 1 MF 50V 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 0 1 UF 50V 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 270pF 50V 270pF 50V 27pF 100V 0 1 pE 50V 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 4700uF 100V Electrolytic 470uF 50V Electrolytic 470uF 50V Electrolytic 0 1 UF 50V 0 1 MF 50V 0 1 MF 50V 0 1 MF 50V 0 1 WF 50V 0 1 WF 50V PART RM 4 101C RM 4 101C RM 4 101C RM 4 680C RM 4 510C RM 4 510C RM 10 1182B RM 10 2002B RM 10 106B RM 10 1182B RM 10 2002B RM 10 106B RM 4 102C RM 4 103C RM 4 202C RM 4 102C RM 4 102C RM 4 472C RM 4 1741C RM 4 682C RM
14. Buffer U2a Current Mirror Q104 O105 Differential Amp O6 Q7 Driver Cascode O9 Q10 DIABLO R73 CR16 O17 O18 Feedback Network DC Offset Integrator U2B C22 C21 R11 Soft Start Switch Delay Q1 C29 R13 Current Source Q103 e Driver Cascode Q11 Q12 Output Q30 Q31 Q32 Q33 Local Feedback Output Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 CIRCUIT OPERATION transenova Implementation The transistor Q1 is configured to operate as a switch which controls the current source Q103 of the input differential amp Q6 and Q7 When Q1 is offthe emitter voltage is low turning off Q103 Timing of the Soft Start function is controlled by the charging time of C29 through R13 The THERMAL Protection circuit uses Q1 to shut down the channel when excessive heat is detected The OVERLOAD protection switch Q5 and Q4 turn off Q3 directly when a short is detected on the output U1A and U1B are buffer amps configured as unity gain non inverting voltage followers which feed the crossover filters U7A and U7B The feedback components which control the crossover functions are contained on the XCard plug in module The output of the filters is fed to the attenuator network controlled by R24 The output of U2A and U7B is connected to the input of the differential amp U2B is configured as a DC servo integrator to null the input offset currents The output of the differential amp is fed to the driver stage by Q17 and Q18 which perfo
15. D914L Diode MMBD914L Diode MMBZ5240BL 10V Zener Diode Bridge Rectifier 1 5A BAV99L Dual Diode BAV99L Dual Diode MMBD914L Diode BAV99L Dual Diode BAV99L Dual Diode BAV99L Dual Diode MMBZ5240BL 10V Zener Diode BAV99L Dual Diode TLO72CD Opamp TLO72CD Opamp LM 393 Dual Comparator LM339 Quad Comparator LM339 Quad Comparator XCard Connector TLO72CD Opamp XCard Connector LM 393 Dual Comparator Input Jack Combo Dual Binding Post Binding Post Back Plate Binding Post Mounting Nut Line Cord Socket Line Cord 14 3 Surge Limiter Fuse Holder Cap Fuse Holder Body Fuse Holder Washer Fan 80x25mm 24VDC Level Control Cover Level Control Knob Adhesive Feet DPDT Slide Switch DPDT Slide Switch DPDT Slide Switch Power Switch Line Fuse 15A Slo Blo Thermistor 10k NTC Tranformer Rack Handle Rack Ears PART SS 8035M SS 8035M SS 803SM SS 803SM SS 1052 SS 0800 SS 260SM SS 260SM SS 803SM SS 260SM SS 260SM SS 260SM SS 1052 SS 260SM SS 143SM SS 143S SS 207SM SS 730SM SS 730SM CC 0233 SS 1435M CC 0233 SS 207SM CC 0588 CC 0867 HW 0908 HW 0905 CC 0918 FA 0209 FA 1000 B FS 0828 FS 0829 FS 0827 FAN 0990 HP 0878 KN 0838 HWH 169 SW 0280 SW 0280 SW 0280 SWH 152B FS 015SB SS 0426 066 TT 0958 B HW 1017 A SM 1016 C P7000 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Crossover U7A Positive Input Buffer U1A Balanced Signal Negative Input Buffer U1B Crossover U7B Input
16. S Patent 4 467 288 circuit The P7000 also utilizes our proprietary DIABLO Dynamically Invariant AB Linear Operation patent application in progress transconductance driver stage which combines the linearity of Class A operation with the current headroom of a Class B system When combined with the robust output stage used in the P7000 DIABLO yields lower high frequency distortion without the sonic penalties associated with increasing the negative feedback We have been using MOSFETs in our power amplifiers since the 1970s During this time they proved to be extremely fault tolerant even in abusive situations This ruggedness enables the amplifier to drive reactive speaker loads without the performance and sound penalties imposed by elaborate Safe Operating Area protection schemes Active crossovers are incorporated at the input of the amplifier These crossovers are controlled through the use of our XCard plug in modules Each XCard can operate as a full range high pass or low pass filter with a 12dB per octave Butterworth alignment Each channel utilizes two XCards which in combination can be configured as a 24dB per octave slope or a 12dB peroctave bandpass filter Since the XCard contains the resistors and capacitors that establish the crossover Q and frequency specific system requirements can easily be accommodated just by changing the component values Input configuration switches allow the amplifier to be configured for conventional stereo two
17. and the other for high pass a bandpass crossover limits the signal to the frequency range determined by the cards which are used The slope of the filter is 12dB per octave There is no effect on the bandpass operation regardless of which of the cards is used for the high pass or low pass function Assembled XCards are available at a variety of operating frequencies Since there will be situations which the stock cards will not satisfy instructions for building XCards for specific applications have been included in the Technical Reference section of this manual _4_ GROUND SWITCH Ground loops are characterized by a hum or buzz through the speakers and are caused by a voltage potential difference between two points in a ground circuit Ground loops are aggravated when multiple paths exist for a given circuit Mounting components in a rack with metal rails may introduce ground loops between associated equipment because the rails can establish an additional ground path The CHASSIS FLOAT switch allows you to select the amplifier grounding scheme for best system compatibility With the switch in the CHASSIS position all signal grounds are referred to the chassis and power line ground In the FLOAT position the signal ground is decoupled from the chassis The position of the switch is determined by the overall noise in the system choose the position which gives the lowest hum SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION The self protecting properties of the output pow
18. bes the advantages of audio power amplifiers in which a MOSFET output stage is connected in a grounded source configuration In this connection the output stage has its full voltage gain of typically 20dB ten times instead ofthe usual 1dB loss of voltage follower designs The output stage is further refined into a trans impedance stage current to voltage converter to achieve extremely short loop fast negative feedback The output stage is driven cooperatively by a transconductance stage voltage to current converter Using the output stage to supply voltage gain inherently increases the power gain for the same bandwidth ofthe output stage by typically ten times over the conventional follower connection using the same MOSFET devices This increase in efficiency allows the use of a much simpler input section than in the more common high voltage designs The number of serial stages from input to output can be reduced from five or more to only three This also allows the input section to be designed with the criteria of high quality Class A line amp with the characteristic high linearity and wide bandwidth The disadvantage of the Class A driver stage is the limited current headroom available A conventional Class A transconductance stage has a 2 1 or 6dB limit on peak to quiescent current The number of MOSFETs used in the P7000 imposes a significant capacitive load on the driver stage enough of a load to strain the ability of the driver to deliver
19. crossover built into the amplifier input circuit and with the XCard containing all the components controlling the operating frequency it is very simple to customize to meet system specific requirements Each amplifier as supplied has two 100Hz Butterworth aligned XCards each of which contains two resistors and two capacitors to control the crossover frequency The XCard will operate as either a high pass or low pass filter depending upon its orientation The following tools are needed to build the XCards Soldering Iron appropriate for PC board work Solder suitable for electronics Desoldering Braid Our tests have shown that for operating frequencies at 100Hz and lower using 0 047uF capacitors results in more linear crossover control For frequencies above 100Hz use 0 022uF the voltage rating should be a minimum of 10V Use 1 8 or 1 4 watt 1 metal film resistors Solder the components to the card according to the following diagram O 0 N N N Cresseer Cid 1 Al 5 e ohars Bue e Ful Ra e O RESISTOR CHART The following charts list the resistor values to use for common crossover frequencies Butterworth Alignment O 707 Butterworth Alignment O 707 1 resistors used with 0 047uF capacitors 1 resistors used
20. cted to the input pin 9 The voltage divider R58 and R59 scales the output voltage to change the comparator output state at an equivalent input voltage of 30mV The output at pin 14 controls the transistor Q8 to shunt across and turn off the LED CRA a AMPLIFIER MODULE REPLACEMENT The amplifier modules have been designed to eliminate the need for a special workplace if a field exchange becomes necessary All wire connections are made with quick connect terminals so soldering is not necessary The following tools are needed to disassemble the amplifier Allen wrench 9 64 Phillips screwdriver 1 tip Thin nose pliers Small cutters Remove the four Phillips head screws located on the rear panel which secure the input jacks Remove the six 9 64 Allen screws that hold the cover These are located along the top edge two on each side and two on the rear Lift the cover from the rear and remove it Remove the level control knob The wire harnesses have been bundled for neatness Cut the ties to free the bundles Disconnect the red and black output wires from the binding posts and the fan and power wires from the amplifier drive card Disconnect the transformer secondary wires from the bridge rectifier and PC board Unplug the gray mono cables The heatsink is attached to the chassis by three screws two outside and one inside Remove the two 9 64 Allen screws on the bottom edge of the side of the amplifier Remove the Phillips screw located b
21. e same type and rating fuse The correct replacement fuse value is printed on the rear of the amplifier and in the parts list INPUT The input jacks used on the P7000 are dual function connectors which accept 1 4 Tip Ring Sleeve phone and XLR plugs The amplifier will operate with either a balanced or unbalanced signal source The connector pin out is printed on the rear panel of the amplifier Balanced Input 1 4 Tip Ring Sleeve The 1 4 balanced input jack is connected according to conventional usage with the Tip high Ring return and the Sleeve ground shield Balanced Input XLR The XLR balanced input jack is connected according to the IEC and AES Standard with pin 2 high pin 3 return and pin 1 ground shield When preparing to use the amplifier check the output configuration of the source unit to maintain the proper signal polarity Unbalanced Input Many popular mixers use unbalanced RCA phono or 1 4 phone jacks for the monitor outputs and can be used with the P7000 for short cable runs The specifications for the mixer should give the maximum cable length it is capable of driving The return terminal must be grounded when using the amplifier with the input unbalanced to prevent unstable operation Unbalanced Source with Balanced Input Some systems will have a noticeable amount of residual ground noise when run with unbalanced signal lines Better noise rejection can be achieved in these systems by using shield
22. ed twisted pair balanced cable from the unbalanced source At the source end of the cable connect an RCA or 1 4 phone plug with the return wire and shield connected to the ground terminal of the plug Wire the plug at the amplifier end of the cable the same as for the regular balanced input connection described above INPUT CROSSOVER The XCard crossover modules are plug in cards located inside the amplifier The P7000 is shipped with 100Hz XCards in each channel Since each XCard can operate full range high pass or low pass with a 12dB per octave slope this allows the amplifier to be used in a wide range of applications XCards are available for a variety of frequencies from your dealer or through our Customer Service department To order additional XCards call Customer Service at 800 669 9899 Office hours are 8 00 a m to 5 00 p m MST Monday through Friday All orders are pre paid and VISA and MasterCard are accepted INPUT MODE SWITCHES Two Channel Stereo To run the P7000 in two channel mode set the front channel NORMAL BRIDGED switch in the NORMAL position and set the rear panel STEREO BI AMP switch to the STEREO position This configures the amplifier for conventional left and right stereo operation Dual Mono The rear panel STEREO BI AMP switch configures the input connection required by the amplifier With the switch set for STEREO Channel 1 and Channel 2 require separate input signal source feeds When the switch is set f
23. ehind the level control which is accessible through the hole in the PC board The module can now be lifted from the chassis Prepare a new Channel 1 module for installation by setting the input mode switches to the default position according to the markings adjacent to the switches Prepare a Channel 2 module by duplicating the switch settings of the module which was removed Install the new module and check the position and alignment ofthe indicator LEDs Replace the level control knob and check the alignment while securing the module Plug in the gray mono cables The headers are marked with the proper position for Channel 1 and Channel 2 The plugs are oriented so the cable will fit properly in one direction only Reconnect the remaining wires according to the following chart Wire Color Function Terminal Red Audio Output Red Binding Post Black Output Ground Black Binding Post Orange two High Voltage AC Bridge Rectifier AC White High Voltage Center Tap CTI Red High Voltage DC Positive Red Blue High Voltage DC Negative BLUE White Blue Low Voltage Center Tap CT2 Blue two Low Voltage AC LV1 LV2 6 lt BUILDING CUSTOM XCARDS The XCard crossover control modules used in the P7000 are a versatile and inexpensive method for configuring the amplifier for a wide range of system applications The XCard eliminates the need for an external crossover or expensive plug in accessories for multiple amp applications By having the
24. er MOSFETs eliminates the need for sonically degrading voltage and current limiting circuits To protect the amplifier from problems which may occur in the speaker line there is an overload detection circuit In the event of a short in the speaker load or cables the detection circuit will shut down that channel and light the front panel SHORT indicator Ifthis happens correct the fault and turn the amplifier off then back on to reset the short detector LED INDICATORS Amplifier operation is monitored internally and each channel has four status LEDs These indicators can be used for system troubleshooting in case of aberrant behavior Signal Monitors the amplifier output and lights when a signal is present The SIGNAL indicator is calibrated to activate an equivalent input voltage of 30mV with the amplifier set for full gain Clipping Monitors the DRIVE SIGNAL and lights when the drive signal voltage exceeds the maximum level for linear operation of the output MOSFETs Thermal Indicates when the thermal protection has shut down the amplifier This occurs when the heatsink temperature becomes excessive Short Indicates when the output overload monitor detects a potentially damaging short and shuts down power to the shorted channel After clearing the fault restore normal operation by turning the power switch off then on again WARM UP In order to achieve the best sonic performance and image stability from the amplifier we recommend let
25. fier input Connect an AC voltmeter to the amplifier output binding posts Adjust R8 to give the lowest voltage output from the amplifier For a temporary adjustment when a signal generator and voltmeter are not available use an FM tuner and tune it to an unused station as your signal source and connect the output to the amplifier as described above Connect the amplifier output to a small full range speaker Turn the amplifier level controls full down and turn the amplifier on Turn up the level control until you hear a signal through the speaker Alternate between adjusting R8 for the lowest output signal and increasing the input control until you have the level control full There should be a very low output from the amplifier if any is detected at all 13 Fan Speed Regulation Driver U9A Temp Fan Drive TS1 R25 Q20 O19 Trip Switch U9B Cooling air for each channel is provided by a DC fan The fan is configured to track the heatsink temperature and increases in speed as the amplifier runs hotter The heatsink temperature Temp is determined by the voltage divider TS1 and R25 When the amplifier is turned on the fan will stay off until the Temp voltage exceeds the reference voltage on pin 6 of the Trip Switch U9B and drives the output high to turn on the Fan Drive Amplifier 20 and O19 The Driver U9A is configured as a linear amplifier and controls the output of the Fan Drive Amp to vary the fan speed Output Short Protection
26. nd reinforcement situation where faithful accurate reproduction is required The amplifier uses forced air fan cooling to deliver high power output in a compact size Status indicators on the front panel give a visual representation of amplifier and system operation Input configuration switching and active crossovers enhance the flexibility when used in multiple amp systems without requiring the use of additional equipment The use of our patented transenova circuit topology and MOSFET output stage ensures reliable long term operation which is backed by our five year warranty This manual contains information on using the P7000 amplifiers It is organized into three main sections Installation covers the location and connection of the amplifier in the system Like many precision components careful attention to the initial setup can yield dividends in higher performance and trouble free use Operation covers the controls and features of the amplifiers and how to use them to get the best effect The Technical Reference section contains field service information in addition to the schematic and parts list there are block diagrams and circuit operation explanations useful for technicians We strongly urge reading over the Installation and Operation portions of this manual before putting the amplifier into service The circuitry used in the Hafler Professional power amplifiers is our transenova TRANSconductance NOdal Voltage Amplifier U
27. or BI AMP the Channel 1 input feeds the signal to both amplifier channels for dual mono operation The level control and XCard for each channel are still active Bridged Mono In systems with higher power requirements the P7000 can be configured for signal channel bridged mono operation To bridge the amplifier set the front panel NORMAL BRIDGED switch to the BRIDGED position Only the Channel 1 input and level control is used and the Channel 2 level control and XCard are not active The speaker is connected to the RED output binding posts When the amplifier is bridged the output is floating Any speaker which requires a common ground from the amplifier output cannot be used in this application Since a bridged amplifier shares the load between the two channels each channel will effectively drive half of the load Therefore for bridged operation we recommend using an eight ohm load as the minimum impedance OUTPUT CONNECTIONS The speaker output connectors are dual binding posts which will accept wire up to 12 AWG They are spaced on 3 4 centers for use with dual banana plugs OPERATION POWER SWITCH The POWER switch is located on the front panel of the amplifier An internal lamp indicates when it is turned on Standard practice is to turn the amplifier on last and off first when switching components individually to prevent sending damaging transients generated in the source components to the speakers It is possible to leave the power swi
28. ower Rating Signal to Noise Frequency Response Slew Rate Input Impedance FTC 20Hz 20kHz 0 196 THD EIA 1kHz 0 1 THD 350 wpc into 89 375 wpc into 8Q 500 wpc into 4O 525 wpc into 4O 1000 wpc into 8Q 1050 wpc into 8Q Continuous sine wave power limited by current rating of line fuse 100dB below rated output from 20Hz to 20kHz 0 1dB 20Hz to 20kHz 0 3dB 0 2Hz to 100kHz 100 V us 47 000Q per phase Input Sensitivity Range for rated output power Gain CMRR Damping Factor Power Consumption Controls amp Switches Crossover Indicators Connectors Dimensions Net Weight Unbalanced 1 7V 9 5V RMS 82 1 4V 8V RMS 40 Balanced 0 85V 4 75 RMS 89 0 7V 4V RMS 49 15dB min 30 max 75dB at 1kHz 600 to 1kHz 200 to 10kHz 25 to 100kHz 275 VA quiescent 1440 VA with both channels driven at 350 watts at 8Q 1800 VA maximum Front Panel Power switch Normal Bridged mode switch level controls Rear Panel Chassis Float ground switch Stereo Bi amp selector switch Variable high pass low pass and bandpass 100Hz as supplied Power lamp Clip Short Thermal Signal LEDs Input 2 way XLR and 1 4 Tip Ring Sleeve Output 5 way binding posts spaced for dual banana plugs Power IEC 320 19 W x 1278 D x 3 2 H plus 178 for handles includes rear supports 48 3cm x 32 7cm x 8 3cm plus 2 875cm for handles includes rear supports 40 Ibs 18 18kg TABLE OF CONTENTS
29. rm the DIABLO transconductance steering function The cascode pairs Q9 Q10 and Q11 Q12 supply the signal voltage and current needed to drive the output stage Q30 Q31 Q32 Q33 and Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Class AB bias current is controlled by R136 Loop feedback is supplied by the network R1 and C1 and global feedback by R10 C8 and C41 Adjusting Bias The bias control establishes the quiescent Class AB output current of the amplifier The bias should not need readjustment from the factory setting however if the amplifier is repaired and output devices have been changed or if the two channels of the amplifier do not run at the same temperature recalibrating the bias is necessary Disconnect the power to the amplifier before removing the cover To adjust the bias disconnect the input and speakers and remove the jumper JW7 Connect an amp meter across the exposed pins The correct polarity is marked adjacent to the jumper Adjust R136 to get a current reading of 400mA Calibrating Common Mode Rejection The input common mode null is adjusted by the trim pot R8 The CMRR should be greater than 75dB below rated output If the CMRR requires adjustment feed the amplifier input with a common mode signal and adjust R8 Disconnect the power to the amplifier before removing the cover Use a sinewave generator set to 1 volt output at 1kHz Connect the generator signal output to the tip and ring of a 1 4 plug and ground to the sleeve Plug this into the ampli
30. t WATER AND MOISTURE The equipment should not be used in or around water such as a bathtub sink or swimming area Also the equipment should not be used in areas prone to flooding such as a basement POWER SOURCES The equipment should be connected only to a power source of the same voltage and frequency as that listed on the rear panel above the power cord entry point POWER CORD PROTECTION Power cords should be arranged so they do not interfere with the movement of objects in the room people fan blades utility carts etc Also care should be taken that the cord is not pinched or cut and placed so it is not in danger of being pinched or cut as in under a rug around a tight corner etc POWER CORD GROUNDING The power supply cord is of a three wire grounded type designed to reduce the risk of electric shock sustained from a live cabinet It is assumed to be of suitable length for most uses of the equipment The use of extension cords and power strips is discouraged unless they are of suitable rating to deliver the required total current for safe operation of all connected equip ment Furthermore extension cords or power strips must provide the same three wire grounded connection It is important that the blades of the equipment s plug be able to fully insert into the mating receptacle Never remove the round grounding pin on the plug in an attempt to mate to a two wire ungrounded receptacle use a grounding adaptor with
31. tch in the on position and switch the amplifier remotely through a power distribution block or preamp switched outlet When doing so make sure the switch is rated for the current required by the amplifier LEVEL CONTROLS The input sensitivity foreach channel can be adjusted individually using the level controls on the front panel The gain control on an amplifier is usually fully advanced to its maximum rated sensitivity In public systems where it is necessary to match levels the knobs can be removed and the controls adjusted with your fingers or a flathead screwdriver Cover the holes with the enclosed plugs to restrict access INPUT CONFIGURATION SWITCHES Stereo Bi Amp The rear panel STEREO BI AMP switch controls the signal routing in the amplifier In the STEREO position the signal is supplied independently to Channel 1 and Channel 2 In the BI AMP position the signal is fed to both amplifier channels from the Channel 1 input while retaining full use of the level controls and XCard crossovers This allows the amplifier to be used in dual mono or bi amp systems without requiring auxiliary equipment Normal Bridged The amplifier operates in two channel mode when the front panel NORMAL BRIDGED switch is in the NORMAL position and the rear channel switch is set for STEREO To use the amplifier in single channel bridged mono applications the front panel switch must be in the BRIDGED position When the switch is set in the BRIDGED position
32. the Channel 1 and inputs are connected to Channel 2 in reversed polarity which inverts the Channel 2 output Only the Channel 1 input is used and the speaker is connected to the two RED binding posts The amplifier gain is adjusted by the Channel 1 level control the Channel 2 control is not active Because of thermal considerations we do not recommend using less than a nominal eight ohm load on the amplifier when running it in mono XCARD CROSSOVERS The XCard modules contain the resistors and capacitors which control the frequency at which the card operates The orientation of the card in the socket determines the operating mode of the crossover The XCard is labeled to indicate the function of each face The full range face is marked with a double arrow to show that both edges operate full range The other face operates as either high pass or low pass and an arrow is printed by the function to indicate which edge to insert into the socket Each amplifier channel uses two XCards When both cards are set full range the full frequency response of the amplifier is used When one card is set full range and the other for either high pass or low pass the signal is crossed over at 12dB per octave with a Butterworth alignment at the frequency determined by the card which is used When both cards are set for the same operation whether it is high pass or low pass the signal is crossed over at a 24dB per octave slope When one card is set for low pass
33. the grounding tab or wire suitably connected to earth ground 11 NON USE PERIODS During periods of extended non use the power cord should be unplugged from the power source 12 CLEANING The equipment should be cleaned only as detailed in the operat ing instructions 13 OBJECT AND LIQUID ENTRY Care should be taken so that objects and or liquids such as cleaning fluids or beverages are not spilled into the enclosure of the equipment 14 DAMAGE REQUIRING SERVICE Hafler equipment should be serviced by qualified service person nel when A The power supply cord or plug has been damaged or B Objects have fallen or liquid has been spilled into the equipment or C The equipment has been exposed to rain or D The equipment does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance or E The equipment has been dropped or the enclosure has been damaged 15 SERVICING The user should not attemptto service the equipment beyond that which is described in the operating instructions All other service should be referred to qualified service personnel 16 CARTS AND STANDS The equipment should be used with carts or stands only of sufficient strength and stability for the use intended An equipment and cart combination should be moved with care Quick stops and starts excessive force and uneven surfaces may cause the equipment and cart combination to topple PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS P7000 P
34. ting it warm up for 1 hour before beginning any critical listening CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE There is no requirement for regular maintenance on the electronic components of the amplifier If the case becomes soiled it can be cleaned using a soft cloth and a mild detergent such as spray window or glass cleaner If the amplifier is located in a particularly dusty environment cleaning the inside with compressed air or vacuuming every 18 to 24 months is sufficient TECHNICAL REFERENCE FIELD SERVICE CONSIDERATIONS A primary focus during the design and development ofthe P7000 was to ensure the dependability ofthe amplifiers The use of lateral MOSFET output transistors and the low voltage trans e nova input stage combined with careful component selection for the circuit assembly made the reliability goals achievable However a parallel effort was also undertaken to make sure any down time caused by an amplifier fault was minimized by making the amplifier technician friendly The modular construction allows exchanging the entire operational portion of either channel quickly and easily without the need for soldering or specialized equipment This section of the manual contains descriptions of circuit operation and block diagrams to assist technicians with component level repairs THEORY AND OPERATION OF trans nova The transenova TRANSconductance NOdal Voltage Amplifier principle is based on our 1984 U S Patent 4 467 288 This patent descri
35. with 0 022uF capacitors A 2 169kQ 133kQ 110kQ 95 30 84 5kQ 75kQ 68 1kQ 61 9kQ 56 2kQ 52 3kQ 48 7kQ 45 3kQ 42 2kQ 40 2kQ 37 4kQ 16 9kQ 11 3kQ 8 45kQ 6 65kQ 5 62kQ 4 75kO 4 22kQ 3 74kQ 3 40kQ 2 8kQ 1 69kQ 1 10kQ 8450 6650 5620 4879 4220 Frequency RI 169k0 En 110kQ 95 3kQ 84 5kQ 75k 68 1kQ 61 9kQ 56 2kO 52 3kQ 48 7kQ 45 3kQ 42 2kO 40 2kQ 37 4kQ 16 9kQ 11 3kQ 8 45kQ 6 65kQ 5 62kQ 4 75kQ 4 22kO 3 74kQ 3 40kO 2 00 1 69kQ 1 10kQ 663 7 4220 oo o co gt a To calculate the resistor value for a frequency not on the chart use the following 1355 ALO 047uf cap fo 2 The actual formula is R Where R 2 O 7234 R in kQ for 022uf cap fo desired crossover frequency fo c capacitor in farads ex 047 x 10 for 047mf cap 18 SERVICE POLICY AND LIMITED WARRANTY If you encounter any difficulty or have any guestion concerning your P7000 Amplifier please call our Technical Support Department weekdays 8 00 a m to 3 30 p m Mountain Standard Time at 800 743 3526 Should you have any doubts as to whether the amplifier is malfunctioning and reguires service please call us before sending it in for repair All units being returned regardless of warranty status must receive a Return Authorization RA number In addition we can offer troubleshooting assistance that may simplify or even eliminate the need for factory service The Hafler P70
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