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Garmin 250 GPS Receiver User Manual

1. NAVCOM Page 1 Press the key twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Use the knob to select the desired frequency Press to place the frequency in the 6 standby field The cursor will automatically advance to the next frequency on the list TAKEOFF TOUR Once a direct to is activated the CDI page will provide navigation to the destina tion until the direct to is cancelled or another direct to destination is activated Cancelling a Direct To To cancel a direct to from the CDI page Nearest Waypoints 1 Press the key twice to activate the cursor in the destination field 2 Press E 3 Press EL The GNC 250s NRST key provides the nine nearest airports VORs NDBs inter sections and user waypoints as well as the two closest FSSs Flight Service Stations 118 490 124795 and any SUA special use airspace alerts for your present position The nearest way mei art EFOE 168685 point feature is a handy safety feature that may be used to execute a quick direct to in a4 15am tur 12ba0 case of an in flight emergency or to review the closest facilities to your present position Lenws 15 31 12886 The nearest feature can also be used to quickly find the contact frequency of the near Nearest Airport Page est airport and enter it in the standby field 118 90 124 0 To view the nine nearest airports mei art KFOE 1080k a nh 1 Press the key The nearest airport will be displayed with the range
2. 118 40 122 15 Selct operating mode Hormal ok Operating Mode Page 11845 1241 75 Selct oferating mode Simulator Selecting the simulator mode 118 490 122 15 AMERICAS UFR Database Confirmation Page The GNC 2505 simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in your home and office using an optional remote battery pack or AC adapter The simulator is not accessible when the GNC 250 is running off the master avionics switch All waypoint and route planning done in simulator mode will be saved in the units inter nal memory To operate the GNC 250 in simulator mode 1 Turn the unit on by rotating the knob clockwise The welcome page will appear while the unit conducts a self test Once the self test is complete the welcome page will be replaced by the operating mode page 2 Rotate to move the flashing cursor over the operating mode field Normal 3 Rotate to select Simulator and press the key The cursor will advance to the ok prompt 4 Press BM to confirm Once the GNC 250 has been placed in simulator mode the database confirmation page will appear showing the operating dates cycle number and database type available To acknowledge the database information 1 Press E After the database has been acknowledged the initial position reference page will appear where you may specify the starting position for your simulated trip You can define the initial p
3. e class C trsa Term ats Automatic terminal informa atf Aerodrome traffic frequency ctf Common traffic advisory frequency CTAF apr Approach tma CAO terminal inal radar Receive only frequencies will display an rx indicator whi frequencies will display a tx If a frequency has sector a they will also be displayed Sector restrictions define a range o facility while altitude restrictions may describe an area a altitudes Additional instructions if available will be dis played e ating the knob on the communication page ion service ATIS control area service area transmit only d or alti ude restrictions radials from the bove below or between on the bottom line SECTION WPT KEY Airport Communications Page 118 490 124s ECLTS ats i ias ats LaFan clr i fras ar i244 Airport Communication Page for 3VS 39 SECTION WPT KEY Airport Runway Page 40 ao 118 90 T BIL 19F 163665 d serfo Ft lishts ITWI ibin ruil Airport Runway Page for KICT ao 118 590 TS B1IL 19RF 163684 ft lishts cullak To view additional runways rotate the inner knob in the direction of the arrow prompts 24 IC hard srfc ils THOW Iisa The airport runway page displays runway designations length surface and lighting for the selected airport as well as LS locali
4. light the bottom field to enter facility name or VOR NDB name enter the location or the name and press Q to finish tered the GNC 250 will display any entries in its database that match the letters you have entered If duplicate entries exist for the entered iden tifier name or location add itional entries may be viewed by rotating Once the desired waypoint is displayed press amp to continue SECTION WPT KEY Entering Waypoints 14450 SRELIKUEL HW CEH USA BURLIWNGTOH ES 14450 Entering a waypoint by city Note that punctua tion marks are not used when entering locations or names Use spaces where appropriate to iden tify these marks For example St Louis would be entered as ST LOUIS without a period 35 vil WPI KEY Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected the GNC 250 will provide extensive information through a set of waypoint pages for the selected cate gory We ll now go through the pages available for each waypoint category in the order they appear on the waypoint menu page airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints Airport Information Airport Information Airport Identification Page 1isas 121 75 aPtiKICT N CEN USA WICHITA KS WICHITA MID COHTIHEH Airport Comments Page Airport Position Page Ilgas 12175 11gas 121 75 KICT _13305 avejet EEEE an ible Harr 39 00 WGS 25 aq HEAWYy il
5. setting will correct i The GNC 2505 arrival alarm can be set have reached a user defined distance to a fina true setting will reference all information to nformation to an entered value o notify the pilot with a message when you destination waypoint the direct to way point or the last waypoint in a route Once you have reached the set distance up to 99 9 units an Arrival at To set the arrival alarm distance 1 Press and hold EGY and use to disp 2 Press twice and use to select t 3 Use and to enter the desired dis message will be di splayed ay the Mag Var Arvl Alarm page he arrival distance field ance Press QED to finish The nearest airport search settings allow you to define the runway length and surface type used in determining the nine ne rest airports displayed A minimum runway distance and surface may be entered to prevent airports with small runways or runways that are not of appropriate surface from being displayed The default settings are 0 ft mt for runway length and any for runway surface To set the minimum runway length and runway surface 1 Press and hold J and use to disp lay the Nearest apt search page 2 Press GED twice and use and to enter the minimum runway length upon which your aircraft can land up to 9999 units Press to accept the distance 3 Rotate to display the surface selection you desire Choices i
6. Any 1 Press the key SUA that meets these conditions will be displayed on the 4 nearest pages I 2 Rotate one stop to the right to view the SUA alert page The SUA alert page contains the following information Alert type SUA number ETE if applicable SUA Name or controlling gt KANSAS CITY B lt SUA type agency Controlling x airport identifier SUA Ceiling altitude SUA Floor altitude The SUA number field displays which SUA you are viewing you may be alerted with up to nine SUAs SUAs are ranked with sual being the highest priority and sua being the lowest priority from your current position The SUA alert field displays the corresponding alert message for this SUA such as near near and ahead etc see page 54 The ETE esti mated time enroute located at the top right of the page will only be displayed if you are projected to enter the airspace The second line of the SUA alert page displays the name or controlling agency of the SUA along with the SUA type to which you are being alerted To toggle between the SUA name and controlling agency display 1 Rotate one stop in either direction If the SUA name or controlling agency is too long to fit on the display the GNC 250 will automatically scroll to display the rest of the information NRST KEY Special Use Airspace SECTION 55 The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field 4 NRST
7. Use to display the route to which you would like to copy to The route must be empty 3 Press GED twice and rotate to select copy Press EEA 4 Use to enter the route you would like to copy The departure arrival identifiers will be 1271 75 Closest et of speerch displayed for your reference Press o copy the route Ce ute 5 KD A Dae K LIT The CPA function calculates the closest distance that a route will pass to a refer re TAK oer 2Zbam ok i ence waypoint and helps when creating new route waypoints referenced to a NAVAID Calculating Closest Point of Approach To calculate the closest point of approach CPA from the route catalog page Ae 1 Use to display the route you would like to use for the CPA function The route must con sist of at least two waypoints and the reference facility must fall between the waypoints of a route leg 2 Press GED twice and rotate to select cpa Press ERA 3 Use and to enter the identifier of the reference waypoint 4 Press BG The bearing and distance of the closest point on the route will be displayed 5 Press to add the cpa waypoint to the route or to finish If you do add the cpa waypoint to the route it will be named based on the reference waypoint plus a number 0 Closest Point of Approach 9 added to the end e g KMCI3 for KMCI If the waypoint does not fall between waypoints on the route the reference waypoint does not exist or
8. 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spe 5 Press E to confirm the id out the rest of the waypoint identifier entifier The direct to confirmation page will appear 6 Press IE to confirm the destination 122795 eeeea Tr dis 135 ao toik 115 90 35 11204 dem trek 231 ICT ete 1 88 Once the direct to destination is confirmed the CDI page will appear with the destination indicated in the lower left hand corner of the screen Your present speed and track over the ground and the distance and estimated time enroute to your desti nation are also displayed The graphical CDI located at the top left of the screen dis plays your position relative to the desired course and provides turn anticipation and waypoint messages during route navigation TAKEOFF TOUR Direct To Navigation 11840 122 15 Ho actuv wet as 5 AS MS ooo m tek The CDI page without a direct to destination 122 15 118 909 Enter Wet 35 AS Hr S900 WEST S599 auto crs n ok Direct to Confirmation Page TAKEOFF TOUR In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI the GNC 250 CDI page fea CDI amp NAVCOM Pages tures four selectable fields for various navigation data so that the page may be config ured to your own preferences see Section 1 for more information The default set tings for the CDI page are e Ground Speed gs Your present speed over the ground in knots
9. Delete delete a route e Copy copy the current route to an empty route CPA calculate the closest point of approach Search perform search and rescue ladder operations The route editing function allows you to create new routes and edit existing routes Creating routes before takeoff can help make route operations faster and easier during your flight To create or edit a route from the route catalog page _ Use to display the route number you would like to edit 2 Press ED twice 3 Use to select edit Press IER The route review page will appear To add a waypoint 4 Rotate to highlight the first blank waypoint field or the point where you want to enter the new waypoint The first waypoint field will already be flashing if you re creating a new route Use and to enter the waypoint s identifier Press IENA gt on Press to confirm the ok prompt on the waypoint confirmation page s Repeat steps 4 through 6 to add the next waypoint or press QE to finish To delete a waypoint 1 Rotate to highlight the waypoint you wish to delete 2 Press EE to remove the name then press ig to delete 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 to delete additional waypoints or press Q to finish To delete an entire route 2 Press GE twice and use O to highlight the action field 3 Use to select delete Press MJ to delete Once a route is defined through the route catalog page i
10. Dyn amics INTERFACES ARI Appendix E Specifications 6 25 W x5 8 D x2 H_ 159mm x 147mm x 51mm 39 ounces 1 11kg 6 32 W x 5 64 D x H 161mm x 143mm x 51mm 11 ounces 0 31kg 10 15V DC with power cable aircraft power Optional remote battery pack 115V or 230V AC w optional adapter 4 F to 158 F 20 C to 70 C Operating 67 F to 185 F 55 C to 85 C Storage 760 channel aviation band 118 136 975 MHz 5 watt minimum transmit power MultiTrac 8 2 2 5 minutes typical 15 seconds warm start with ephemeris 1 per second continuously 15 meters 49ft RMS 999 knots velocity 3g acceleration C 429 Plotting NMEA 0183 V2 0 Aviation PC Interface Altitude Serializer Fuel Sensor Fuel Air Data Computer ADINDAN AFGOOYE AIN EL ABD 1970 ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 ARC 1950 ARC 1960 ASCENSION IS 1958 ASTRO B4 SOROL ATOLL ASTRO BEACON E ASTRO DOS 71 4 ASTRONOMIC STN 1952 AUSTRALIAN GEOD 1966 AUSTRALIAN GEOD 1984 AUSTRIA NS BELGIUM 1950 BELLEVUE IGN BERMUDA 1957 BOGOTA OBSERVATORY BUKIT RIMPAH CAMP AREA ASTRO CAMPO INCHAUSPE CANTON ASTRO 1966 CAPE CAPE CANAVERAL CARTHAGE CH 1903 CHATHAM 1971 CHUA ASTRO CORREGO ALEGRE DANISH GI 1934 DJAKARTA BATAVIA Appendix F Map Datums Ethiopia Mali Senegal Sudan Somalia Bahrain Island Saudi Arabia Cocos Islands Botswana Lesotho Malawi Swaziland Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Kenya Tanzania Ascension Isl
11. KEY SUA Messages Message Airspace Type alrt Alert caut Caution clB Class B alc Class C cta ICAO Control Area dngr Danger moa Military Operations Area proh Prohibited rstc Restricted tma ICAO Terminal Control Area trng Training trsa Terminal Radar Service Area unsp Unspecified warn Warning SUA Alert Page The last line on the SUA alert page displays the SUAS controlling airport identifier and the ceiling and floor altitudes for the SUA alert Controlling agency frequencies may be viewed by highlighting the controlling airport identifier with the cursor and EEEF TET pressing IRA The following are examples of what can appear in the altitude fields EMCI class E 118 40 Message Meaning SOUTH OF A LINE FROM 8000ftM 8000 feet mean sea level MSL Frequency information for SUA 3000ftA 3000 feet above ground level AGL ground Ground level msl Mean sea level notam See Notice to Airmen NOTAM for altitude restrictions not sp Altitude is not specified 56 unlmtd Altitude is unlimited SUA Settings Page All SUA alert messages except for prohibited areas may be turned on or off through the GNC 2505 unit settings options found under the MSG key see page 77 Alerts for prohibited areas will always be displayed regardless of unit settings or operating mode SUA alerts may be tu in areas with extensive special use airspace ned off so the pilot can avoid continuous
12. OMAN ORD SRV GRT BRITAIN PICO DE LAS NIEVES PITCAIRN ASTRO 1967 PORTUGUESE 1973 POTSDAM PROV SO AMERICAN 56 PROV SO CHILEAN 1963 PUERTO RICO QATAR NATIONAL QORNOQ REUNION ROME 1940 RT 90 SANTO DOS SAO BRAZ SAPPER HILL 1943 SCHWARZECK SOUTH AMERICAN 1969 SOUTH ASIA SOUTHEAST BASE SOUTHWEST BASE TANANARIVE OBSV 1925 TIMBALAI 1948 TOKYO TRISTAN ASTRO 1968 USER VITI LEVU 1916 WAKE ENIWETOK 1960 WGS 72 WGS 84 YACARE ZANDERYJ Oman England Isle of Man Scotland Shetland Islands Wales Canary Islands itcairn Island ortugal Germany olivia Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Peru Venezuela South Chile uerto Rico amp Virgin Isl Qatar South Greenland Mascarene Island Sardinia Island Sweden Espirito Santo Island Sao Miguel Santa Maria Islands Azores East Falkland Island Namibia Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Venezuela Trinidad Tobago Singapore orto Santo and Madeira slands Faial Graciosa Pico Sao orge and Terceira Islands Azores ladagascar runei and East Malaysia Sarawak and Sabah apan Korea Okinawa Tristan da Cunha User datum Viti Levulsland Fiji Islands arshall Islands World Geodetic System 1972 World Geodetic System 1984 Uruguay Surinam B A Ab Ac Ac Ac Active Active gt 6 B gt r gt gt gt SESE SDE DD ive 5 rpo Tpor Tpor ig iy iy z po po po
13. a unique name cannot be assigned to 64 I the CPA waypoint you ll be informed with the Invald CPA wpt___ message KDAL The GNC 2505 search and rescue function provides navigation guidance for search and rescue operations navigating in a ladder pattern to maximize coverage and efficiency This is done in reference to two waypoints called anchor waypoints The first leg will be a specified distance from the line connecting the anchor waypoints This is called the offset distance The increment distance is the distance between each subsequent leg The ladder can be created on either side of the waypoints To perform a search and rescue operation 1 Create a route of only two waypoints 2 Press and use to display the route catalog page 3 Use to select the 2 waypoint route 4 Press GE twice and use to display search Press EEA 5 Use and to enter the leg increment value and R or L Press Ea 6 Rotate to highlight the initial offset and use and to enter the initial offset value and R or L 7 Press three times to accept the operation values and begin navigation After activating a search and rescue you will be informed with an Offset nav in effect message each time you traverse the route offset from the anchor waypoints Once you ve arrived at the destination waypoint the leg increment will be added to your present offset and the route will be automatically reverse
14. alerts Important Turning off the SUA alerts only stops the display of SUA messages Any applicable SUA alert pages wil still be available from the NRST key The GNC 250 also features an altitude buffer which may be set to provide a greater level of protection from penetrating an SUA By specifying an altitude in the buffer you can effectively stretch an SUAS altitude boundaries in both directions This allows the pilot to add an extra margin of prevention around controlled or restricted airspace For instructions on setting the altitude buffer see page 77 NRST KEY SECTION Special Use Airspace 4 Altitude buffer set at 500 feet 57 SECTION DIRECT TO amp ROUTE NAV 58 ROUTE TERMINOLOGY The diagram at the right shows a basic route consisting of five waypoints and four legs The waypoint you are travelling to is called the active to waypoint and the waypoint immediately behind you is called the active from waypoint The course line between the active from and the active to waypoint is called the active leg Section 0 Direct to amp Route Navigation One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to a way point or fly a chain of waypoints without using ground based navigation aids To take advantage of the convenience and efficiency provided by point to point GPS naviga tion the GNC 250 provides two basic methods of s
15. and bearing from k 7 J 1 z ae 1 3 a 4 your present position along with elevation frequency and runway data To place a nearest airport frequency in the stand 2 To review the rest of the nearest airport list rotate the knob to the right by field press ENT To place a nearest airport frequency in the standby field 11 1 Press EBM Press the RE key to place the frequency in the active field nei SooF RIS 1iias 131 4 97 dme n l l RIVERSIDE To view the nearest list for other waypoint categories VOR NDB etc Nearest VOR Page 1 Rotate the knob to the right or press the RE key repeatedly 2 Rotate to scroll through the list 7 TAKEOFF TOUR Nearest Airports Shutting Down 118 40 12a nes art KEMP 127185 FHL 25am uni 122 4 FAW A 719 SHAE To review a nearest waypoint highlight the identi fier and press ENT Once the nearest airport or any other nearest waypoint page is displayed the selected waypoint can be quickly reviewed or selected as a direct to destination To review the selected waypoint from the nearest waypoint list 1 Press twice to activate the waypoint field 2 Press to display the waypoint identification page 3 Rotate to view any additional waypoint information available 4 Press to return to the nearest waypoint page To select a nearest waypoint as a direct to destination 1 Press the key The direct to confirmation page for the selected wayp
16. enter the comment 5 Press o accept and repeat steps 4 and 5 if necessary to enter information on another line 6 Press o remove the cursor To view the waypoints with comments list 1 Press i and use to display the Wpts with comments page 2 Use to scroll through the list The GNC 250 will display the waypoints with comments in alphabetical order up to six waypoints at a time The scrolling arrow prompt will indicate which direction to scroll to view additional waypoints To view comments for a selected waypoint 1 Highlight the desired waypoint and press IA 2 Rotate to display any other available pages for the selected waypoint The GNC 2505 extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way points to share the same identifier To ensure that you are selecting the waypoint desired the GNC 250 will always offer the waypoint confirmation page which shows the waypoints position when an identifier is entered for a particular function To accept the waypoint position 1 Press with the cursor over the ok prompt To reject the waypoint position 1 Press with the cursor over the ok prompt Once a waypoint has been accepted or rejected the previous page will be dis played If there is more than one waypoint available for a selected identifier the GNC 250 will display a duplicate waypoint page for you to choose the desired waypoint The waypoint identifier and number o
17. followed by ES The GNC 250 NAV Menu 2 provides access to various timer and planning func tions including Approach timer e Clock Date and time Trip Timer RAIM Prediction Scheduler Sunrise and sunset calculations The approach timer acts as either a count up or a count down timer that can be set or reset at any time To activate change view the approach timer 1 Press QJ and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GE twice and rotate until Appr Time is highlighted Press EEA 3 Rotate to select either Count up or Count down Press BENA 4 Use and to set the time to begin counting from Press BENA 5 Rotate to select the desired function Start Stop or Reset Press EE to execute When the count down timer reaches zero you will be informed with a Timer expired message The timer will then begin to count up keeping track of how long it has been since it expired The timers run if not altered anytime the GNC 250 is on The GNC 250 clock function keeps track of both UTC time Greenwich Mean Time or Zulu Time calculated from the satellites and local time and allows you to designate which format is used for ETA calculations The local time and date can be set without doing a UTC to local time conversion To set the local date time 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GED twice and rotate O until Clock is highl
18. identifier region and country city state and facility name The identification page is always the first airport page available allowing you to quickly review an airport facility or select another facility by entering the identifier facility name or city of the desired airport WPT KEY SECTION Airport Pages 118 40 124s EICT 13385 ayer jet HZ7 39 00 WEP 25 qq ils l C 118 40 124s EEICT ats 125145 cle 125 70 and i isn twr 1isian Uni ives 118 490 1244 KICTL BiL 19RF 183884 hard srfc ft Llishts ils ITWI 16940 rwhiLl Airport Runway Page 37 SECTION WPT KEY Airport Position Page 38 Airport Position Page 1 Identifier selectable 2 Elevation 3 Fuel Availability 4 Airport Position 5 Approach Information 6 Controlled Airspace Radar Capability The airport position page displays the latitude longitude and elevation of the selected airport as well as usage or fuel availability available approaches and airport control radar capability The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport position page Elevation In feet or meters Usage Fuel If the airport is for military use it will display military If it is private the GNC 250 will display private If it is a pub lic airport it will display the fuel type s available e av gas 80 87 octane 100 LL 100 130 octane or mogas is available e jet Jet A Jet A 1 o
19. inside The GNC 250 needs altitude input in order to start and or continue 2D navigation Press the NAV key and enter your antenna altitude on the Position page The altitude you enter should be as accurate as possible An inaccu rate altitude will directly translate into inac curate position information Offset navigation has been cancelled due to a direct to operation or modification of the active route Offset nav in effect Ofst too big for rte Osc needs adjustment Poor GPS coverage Prox alarm press NAV Proximity overlap Proximity wpt locked Proximity wpt moved Proximty wpt deleted Pwr down and re init Offs The The lites active route The GNC 250 has detected excessive drift in its internal crystal oscillator which may result in longer acquisition time The unit should be taken to an authorized service center immediately et navigation mode is in effect parallel track distance is too large for the GNC 250 cannot acquire sufficient satel necessary to provide navigation Your craft has penetrated the alarm circle of a The and distance to the proximity waypoint proximity waypoint Press NAV to see the bearing circles defined by two proximity way points overlap When entering the area of the overlap the GNC 250 will warn you of the closest proximity waypoint but not both You desirable should be certain this conditi
20. of your aircra fuel left on bo be displayed i 250 will calculate the range ft These are found in the firs ed Press A ed route number Press ENA he to and from waypoints ion as a waypoint leave the ute fuel requirements that leg is complete For example The fuel required to complete leg 2 is leg 1 leg 2 complete leg 4 is leg 1 leg 2 leg 3 leg 4 ob or gs depending on which is displayed board or the ground speed Press ERIA field again e in units per hour if needed Press IEAA nd endurance how long the fuel will last field on the bottom row of the page The ard Ifob and reserve after the selected direct to leg or route will also n the second field on the bottom row NAV KEY NAV Menu 1 Fuel Planning SECTION 118 490 l 4iqg We tt EICT KFOE fob z3 flow 6 54 ena 495498 lfob 154 Fuel Planning Page 118 40 124s Wet EICT KFOE fob 234 flow 6 54 Fuel planning page with other information SECTION NAV KEY Winds Aloft amp VNAV Functions 22 11840 124s Teir Flan Dalt etas Fuel Flan Winds Unau Plan Chklist NAV Menu 1 118 490 146 95 hda 3527 tasiil4es Wind FBS at a5 head wing is AS Winds Aloft Page 61685 to 18665 Jim before a EET 146 95 Vertical Navigation Page The GNC 2505 winds aloft function is used to calculate the true direction and speed of
21. photocell at the top left corner of the display bezel It is important that this photocell not be covered to ensure prop er display adjustment You may also select manual control of the display brightness to tailor the GNC 250 to your needs To change the display intensity settings 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to display the display intensity page 2 Press twice and use to select auto or manual control 3 Press SE 4 If manual is selected use to set the display intensity 5 Press Qi to complete The trip timer provides a running clock on NAV Menu 2 see page 25 and can be configured to run when power is on or when your ground speed exceeds a user defined minimum To change the trip timer settings 1 Press and hold EGY and use to display the trip timer settings page 2 Press twice to activate the cursor 3 Use to select either pwr is on or gs exceeds 4 If you choose pwr is on press G to complete 5 If you choose gs exceeds use C to highlight the speed field 6 Enter the speed using and 7 Press IE to accept and press QE to complete The GNC 250 can be configured to display data in standard or metric units of mea sure These apply to distance position speed altitude fuel pressure and temperature To change the units of measure 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to display the nav units page 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight t
22. pt part time frequency rx receive only To make any of the frequencies on the NAVCOM page the standby frequency 1 Press twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate until the desired frequency is highlighted 3 Press o make the highlighted frequency the standby frequency The cursor will auto matically advance to the next frequency on the list An arrow prompt displayed on the bottom line indicates additional frequencies are available NAV KEY SECTION NAVCOM Page 118 90 124 15 EISD arr 115 490 twr 118a Jand iz 4an NAVCOM Page Ao 14440 1184 EACY ats 188 540 apr i 4dao bra NAVCOM page with receive only rx frequencies and frequencies with restrictions brg 118 490 124s EACYS arr i 4iann 136 369 Frequency restrictions on 124 60 SECTION 1 NAV KEY Position Page 118 15 121 75 hea 2YAR H46 38 3398 WPS 46 7491 Fart KJIFE 124 2aah Position page displaying MSA H46 35 338 Fart EJFE Wara 46742 124 2143m The same position page displaying ESA MSA and ESA are computed based on data stored in the NavData card This information cannot be solely relied upon as an absolute measure of safe altitude in your area particularly if the data card is out of date Consult current charts and NOTAMS for more complete information The GNC 250 position page displays your present latitude and longitud
23. the any winds and indicates wind and the wind speed To calculate winds aloft 1 Press E and rotate O until whether you are flying with a head wind or tail NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GRP twice and rotate until Winds is highlighted Press IENA 3 Use and to enter your present heading in the hdg field If your installation includes a fuel air data compu 4 Use and to enter your er this will be displayed automatically Press IENA rue airspeed TAS in the tas field If you have previously calculated it using the density altitude true air speed function it will be displayed as the default Press EE The wind di rection and speed and head tail wind will be displayed The VNAV function calculates vertical speed requirements to reach a desired altitude before or after a specified distance from a waypoint This is helpful when you d like to descend to a cer tain altitude near an airport or climb to an To calculate vertical navigation parameters 1 Press E and rotate O unti altitude before reaching a route or direct to waypoint AV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GRP twice and rotate until Vnav Plan is highlighted Press Ea 3 Use and to enter the in as the default Press IENA a A Use and O to oO F itial from altitude Your GPS altitude will be displayed Use and to enter the desired final to altitude
24. the decimal by rotating and the kilohertz number to the right of the decimal by rotating If you would like to keep the standby field hot ready for an immediate frequency change leave the cursor active in the comm window To remove the cursor press twice after you have selected the desired frequency To make the standby frequency the active frequency press Rg The frequencies will be flip flopped and you ll be able to transmit and receive on the standby frequency previously entered This can be done at any time regardless of cursor or GPS status COMM FEATURES SECTION Overview 118 490 1v 4ian0 eeeee Tae eee BE FLEAS dis Slaan trk 257 So tot KFOE etelisise CDI page with cursor inactive 11890 12440 ag 1 120 dis Sh aoh ao tosKFoe CDI page with standby field active l 4da0 118 907 Gs r120 dis ean trk 256 r29 To flip flop the frequencies press BEA 29 30 SECTION COMM FEATURES Overview Auto Tuning 1217s nel art KEGT 12785 153 Sark arr 134 90 FAW 17 35 2104F To select a frequency from a list highlight the desired frequency and press ENT During the course of navigating with the GNC 250 there may be times when you need to quickly select a comm frequency while you are entering data in the GPS win dow Whenever data entry in the GPS window is interrupted by activating the stand by frequency fie
25. the selected facility VOR information is accessed by entering the desired facility by identifier city or facility name see page 35 on any VOR waypoint page The VOR identification and comments pages are identical in form and function to their airport page counterparts To scroll through the VOR pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not flashing If it is press QE 2 Rotate in either direction to scroll through the available pages In addition to displaying the VOR frequency magnetic variation and position the VOR position page indicates if a DME or TACAN is co located at the facility The wx bdest field indicates that the VOR also transmits weather information WPT KEY SECTION VOR Information HZ9 10ar WOTE SBF tacan VOR Position Page 118 95 121 75 Worl BAL comments VOR Comments Page NDB Information 2 WPI KEY NDB Information l 4a 118 14 ndb At 383 5 H27 S18 WES S27 Wx boost NDB Position Page The GNC 250 also uses identification position and comments pages for NDB information The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages NDB information is accessed by entering the desired facility s identifier city or name l i zs see page 35 on the NDB identification page To scroll through the NDB pages NDB Identification Page 1 Make sure the cursor is not flashing If it is press QE 2 Rotate in either direction to scroll through the avail
26. titud SB 88 rriva breviations Accessory lis ivating a direct to ivating a route ivating a route in reverse Frequency o amp from waypoints oute page ding waypoints to a route comments page communications page runway page position page identification page information e buffer pproach information pproach timer alarm setting oS S S ore o tune Battery Pack Battery saver C Cautions Appendix 6 Index CDI 4 6 70 91 93 CDI page 4 6 9 12 70 iii CDI sensitivity setting 72 5 58 60 Channel 2 1 0 79 63 Checking GPS coverage 16 17 26 63 Checklists 23 24 3 29 Clear key viii 58 Clock function 25 61 67 Closest point of approach CPA 64 62 68 Communication features 29 32 36 37 Communications pages 29 30 37 39 37 39 Communication frequencies 3 29 40 Communication window 3 3g Controlled airspace 38 54 57 37 Copying routes 64 34 36 Creating user waypoints 45 46 77 Cursor key viii 37 40 D a Database 33 Date amp time 25 47 30 31 Deleting user waypoints 49 Deleting routes 63 Deleting waypoints from routes 63 69 Density altitude 20 94 Direct to key vii 4 Direct to navigation 58 60 DOP 16 Downloading data to another GNC 250 81 1 Duplicate waypoints 51 INDEX SECTION G 97 98 SECTION G E Editing routes Editing user waypoints ENT key Entering waypoints EPE Emergency channel select F Foreword Flying the active route Fue
27. to save it in its original form copy it to an open storage route before editing To add waypoints to the active route 1 Press QD twice if necessary to activate the cursor 2 Use to highlight the first blank waypoint field or highlight the waypoint before which you would like to add the new waypoint 3 Use and to enter the new waypoint identifier Press IEA 4 Press ESM to accept or BBY to cancel The cursor will automatically move to the next waypoint field and the remaining route waypoints if any are present will move down the list accordingly To delete a waypoint from the active route 1 Press twice if necessary to activate the cursor 2 Use to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route 3 Press IGM followed by GH The next route waypoint if available will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint The active route page also allows you to select your next destination waypoint manually from the active route waypoint list and resume the remainder of the route in sequence This procedure referred to as an on route direct to allows the pilot to fly the active route in a different sequence without editing the active route itself To perform an on route direct to from the active route page 1 Press wice and rotate C to highlight the desired waypoint 2 Press A followed by Mj to confirm the ok prompt on the waypoint confirmation page Th
28. usr HOME H39 1l s WEHI47 S948 FrKOIC iso 11am 118 90 usr HOME comments EE Entering a user waypoint name User Waypoint Information In addition to the airport VOR NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData card the GNC 250 allows you to store up to 1 000 user defined waypoints Once a user waypoint is created two user waypoint pages will display the following information Waypoint identifier e Position in latitude and longitude dentifier range and bearing from a reference waypoint e User comments e al To scroll between the user waypoint position page and the user comments page rotate Q User waypoints may be created or modified using the key After select ing the waypoint identifier as shown on page 35 you will be prompted to enter infor mation if the waypoint is new There are three ways to create a user waypoints posi tion from the key 1 Enter the exact position of the new waypoint 2 Reference a known waypoint 3 Enter a range and bearing from your current position To create or edit a user waypoint 1 Press RA 2 Press twice and use O to highlight the user field Press IRIA 3 Use and to enter the waypoint identifier Press BENA If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist in the database you will be prompted to select a method to enter the new waypoint position into the database If the waypoint exists you re just
29. 5 Use and to enter the letters of the identifier city or facility name The GNC 250 will scan the database and display the first waypoint that matches your entry 6 Press IE to accept the waypoint and EE again to confirm the waypoint for the 52 function being used The GNC 2505 NRST key provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position In addition it will display the two nearest Flight Service Station FSS points of commu nication and alert you to any Special Use Airspace SUA you may be in or near The NRST key can be used in conjunction with the GNC 250 direct to function to quickly set a course to a nearby facility in case of an in flight emergency To view the nearest waypoint information 1 Press EE This will display the nearest airport to your present position subject to the runway surface type and minimum runway length selected see page 73 To scroll through the next eight nearest airports rotate You may examine both the communication frequencies and the runway information directly from the nearest airport page You may also place the displayed frequency into the standby field by pressing from the nearest airport page To view more comm runway information 1 Press QD twice and rotate to highlight the comm field or the runway field 2 Rotate to scroll through more information if available To perform a
30. 60 118 40 14430 ao to SaetrKICT Har 39 00 WAIT 25 9qq hold ocrs 746 ok The waypoint sequencing field located at the bot tom left of the direct to confirmation page allows you to hold on a selected route waypoint and prevent the GNC 250 from sequencing to the next route waypoint If you have selected the hold setting from the waypoint sequencing field your selected course will appear at the bottom left of the CDI page You may change your selected course right from this field by highlighting the course field and rotating the inner knob Press ENT to confirm the course Whenever you perform a direct to the GNC 250 will set a point to point great circle course to your destination You can also manually define the magnetic course to your destination with the GNC 250 course select feature The course select feature is available from the bottom line of the direct to confirmation page and works like selecting your desired course on a VOR indicator Waypoint Position Waypoint Identifier Field 11890 12430 o to aPrtiKICT H37 S900 WAFF 2594 Waypoint auto ors 2753 ok Sequencing Field see page 69 Course Select Field To manually set a course 1 Press the key The direct to confirmation page will appear 2 Rotate to place the flashing cursor on the course select field 3 Use to begin entry of the selected course the and knobs may be used once you have start
31. Brac Island Liberia hilippines Mindanao Island MAP DATUMS SECTION 95 96 SECTION MAP DATUMS LUZON PHILIPPINES MAHE 1971 MARCO ASTRO MASSAWA MERCHICH MIDWAY ASTRO 1961 MINNA NAD27 ALASKA NAD27 BAHAMAS NAD27 CANADA NAD27 CANAL ZONE NAD27 CARIBBEAN NAD27 CENTRL AMERICA NAD27 CONUS NAD27 CUBA NAD27 GREENLAND NAD27 MEXICO NAD27 SAN SALVADR IS NAD83 NAHRWAN MASIRAH IS hilippines excluding Mindanao Isl Mahe Island Salvage Islands Eritrea Ethiopia Morocco Midway Island igeria orth American 1927 Alaska ahamas excluding San Salvador Island Canada including ewfoundland Island Canal Zone Caribbean Barbados Caicos Islands Cuba Dom Rep Grd Cayman amaica Leeward and urks Islands Central America Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras icaragua Mean Value CONUS Cuba Greenland Hayes Peninsula Mexico San Salvador Island North American 1983 Alaska Canada Central America CONUS Mexico Masirah Island Oman NAHRWAN SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia NAHRWAN UNITD ARAB E United Arab Emirates NAPARIMA BWI NETHERLAND TRIAG 21 NOU TRIAG FRANCE NOU TRIAG LUXEMBOURG OBSERVATORIO 1966 OLD EGYPTIAN OLD HAWAIIAN KAUAI OLD HAWAIIAN MAUI OLD HAWAIIAN MEAN OLD HAWAIIAN OAHU Trinidad and Tobago Netherlands France Luxembourg Corvo and Flores Islands Azores Egypt Kauai Maui Mean Value Oahu
32. Database Confirmation Page J 7 TAKEOFF TOUR Acquiring Satellites 118 95 121 75 AcauirFina BFB Sat i948 144i zal 96 5 7 5 Satellite Status Page 118 95 121 75 Heed alt Press WAY Enter the altitude manually if necessary 136 97 115 02 Search Sky doe 2 sat i sal 7 Searching the Sky Once the database has been acknowledged the satellite status page will appear and the GNC 250 will begin to collect satellite information An Acquiring status will be displayed on the Satellite Status page and the signal values on the bottom line of the page will begin displaying numeric values This is a good indication that you are receiving signals and satellite lock will occu Following the first time use of your GNC 250 the time required for a position fix will vary usually from 2 to 5 minutes If the unit can only obtain enough satelli unit will use the altitude provided by your al es for 2D navigation no altitude the itude encoder if one is connected and working If not you will be prompted to enter the altitude with a Need alt Press NAV message If this message occurs press the key and use the and O knobs to enter the altitude shown on your altimeter Press when finished If the GNC 250 has not been operated for a period of six months or has moved over 300 miles without actively tracking satellites it may have to Search the Sky to colle
33. ES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE INTRODUCTION PART ONE INTRODUCTION Table of Contents POreword scean en haneana yews ded da eee A E e Sa i CAUTIOUS oe see a aon tutors ores mun on tan aan SRA Ae ete een eras he eee ii Accessories Packing List oci crcsrrrcrcccreriarariariri ierni iatis iii Capabilities cs csr ous Kenese acta e ae aii iv Table ONvGCOntents EE bins aaron agents Garianeunge samnenead v v Key and Knob Functions ccs 0c0csheeaesaddewk a deen deen vii viti GNG 250 Takeol TONT as anes adv aiaia nae a aa E EEE EE ane 1 8 PART TWO REFERENCE Section 1 Navigation with the GNC 250 ff key 000a 9 avigating and planning functions Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 250 0 00 2 29 Using the GNC 2505 radio To quickly and easily locate information on specific tasks please refer to the Index Section 3 Waypoint and Database Information fj key 33 on page 97 Finding and using database and waypoint information Section 4 Nearest Waypoints B key 0 0 0 0 53 Finding nearest waypoints SUAs and FSS frequencies Section 5 Direct to amp Route Navigation HJ key 0 0 000 58 Creating and using ro
34. I O setup page only provides access to I O chan nel 2 output For information on using I O channel 1 please see your GNC 250 installation manual The input option for channel 2 is intended for future interfacing capabilities and is not a selectable option at this time To change the output settings for I O channel 2 1 Press and hold J and rotate until the 1 0 setup page is displayed 2 Press GED twice and rotate to select off or plotting for output to a RS 232 device 3 Rotate to advance the cursor to the baud rate field 4 Use to select the desired baud rate 300 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 5 Press Q to finish UNIT SETTINGS SECTION T O Settings 6 118 490 14440 I 0O Channel 2 in off out oft I O Page Settings 79 80 Appendix A NavData and User Data Installation and Operation The NavData card supplied with your GNC 250 can be installed or removed when he GNC 250 is on or off Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top and the beveled corner at the bottom If the NavData card is not present when the unit is powered on you will receive a No Jeppesen database message on the database con firmation page and you will only be able to use user waypoints for navigation If the avData card is removed during operation a No data card present warning will appear asking you to reinsert the data card within 30 seconds If the card is not eplaced within 30 second
35. ION 1 NAV KEY CDI Page 118 490 122 15 ag r120 dis laah bra 3299 ao totKIRD ete i The TO FROM arrow will indicate whether you are to or from the destination waypoint The CDI page will display No actv wpt in the CDI field if there is no active to destination The GNC 2505 CDI page provides you with the important information needed to navigate directly to your destination The destination field located at the bottom left of the page displays the current destination waypoint or active route leg being navi gated If no direct to destination or route is being navigated the destination field will remain blank Ground Speed Messages or WA CDI 11840 12345 eeeeePaceee ct F145 Direction Distance wis 2eein trk 320 lt field field So totKDLO etell z9 Active Waypoint Time Field The graphical CDI at the top left of the page shows your position relative to the desired course the moving D bar to the destination waypoint The TO FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates whether you are heading to an up arrow the waypoint or if you have passed the waypoint a down arrow The default setting of the CDI scale is 5 0 nm If you are not navigating to a destination the CDI field will display a no actv wpt message and only speed and track data will be available The CDI field is also used to display the GNC 2505 turn anticipation and waypoint alert data during route o
36. N 3 WPI KEY To enter edit a user waypoint position from a reference waypoint Use and to enter the reference waypoint s identifier 2 Press fam The waypoi nt s position will appear 3 Use and to enter the bearing from the reference waypoint 4 Press BENE 5 Use and to enter the distance from the reference waypoint 6 Press BR The latitude and longitude will be calculated for the waypoint 12440 11840 7 Press ull to confirm the ok prompt and save the waypoint position WerikHOes HSS 33 208 Weg 4 45 Ad If you have chosen to create a waypoint at a certain bearing and distance from Fi KOJIC 316 4 4 amok your current position your current position will be displayed and you will enter the Entering a user waypoint by reference waypoint bearing and distance at which you would like the new waypoint to be located To create a user waypoint offset from your present position 124 430 115 49 1 Use and to enter the bearing from your position usr Bus H397 r WEIS 4152 2 Press EE Fs o fh alrae leamok 3 Use and to enter the distance from your position To create a user waypoint from your present posi tion leave the reference waypoint field blank and enter a bearing and distance from your present position The GNC 250 will calculate the new waypoint s coordinates automatically 4 Press GM The latitude and longitude wil
37. OWNER S MANUAL amp REFERENCE ONG 230 Pilot s Guide GARMIN dul Software Version 2 06 or above 1995 GARMIN International 9875 Widmer Road Lenexa KS 66215 USA Romsey House Station Approach Romsey Hampshire UK S051 8DU All rights reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and record ing for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN nformation in this document is subject to change without notice GARMIN reserves he right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content of his material without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements October 1995 190 00067 50 Rev A Printed in USA INTRODUCTION Foreword GARMIN GNC 250 Spell N Find AutoLocate MultiTrac8 GPSCOM and AutoStore are trademarks of GARMIN and may only be used with permission NavData is a registered trademark of Jeppesen Sanderson Inc All rights reserved INTRODUCTION Cautions CAUTION The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment Although the GARMIN GNC 250 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID NAVAID a
38. Press I nter the distance from the waypoint Press IRIA Use to select before or after the waypoint Press BM 7 Use and to select the waypoint identifier it must be a waypoint in the active route or a direct to waypoint Press Ea You will now notice that the vertical speed field has been calculated based on your present speed If you desire a more rapid climb or descent 8 Use and to enter the new desired vertical speed or press MM to accept the calculated value 9 Press to activate the vertical navigation function If you enter a greater value the GNC 250 will display the elapsed time before the maneuver is to begin When the countdown reaches 15 seconds you will be informed with the message Start altitude chng The VNAV function will automatically be cancelled if the active direct to or route is changed in any way and you will be informed with a VNAV cancelled message The GNC 250 will allow you to create up to nine checklists with 30 items each to remind you of repetitive tasks that can be called up at any time for review The checklist feature is useful for creating pre flight checklists landing checklists emergency proce dures etc Each name or function can have up to 16 characters each To create a checklist 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GD twice and rotate until Chklist is highlighted Press IENA 3 Press and use to hi
39. S Belo Store in pte ok HZ9 AG o0 WEIS Aan Store in tei ok The default waypoint name may be changed before saving the waypoint 4 SECTION WPT KEY 3 Proximity Waypoints 48 124 30 11840 Proximity wWayroints PEHOeM dist Siok KISSD dist 16 on Proximity Waypoints Page 118 95 12i 7s Prax alarm Press HAY Proximity Alarm The second page available from the GNC 250s WPT key is the proximity way points page This page allows you to define an alarm circle around a selected waypoint and is useful in defining alarm circles around towers or obstructions Up to nine prox imity waypoints can be entered with an alarm radius of up to 99 9 nm To create or edit a proximity waypoint 1 Press and use to display the Proximity waypoints page 2 Press GE twice and use to highlight the first available field 4 Use and to enter the identifier It may be an airport VOR NDB INT or user waypoint Press IEE 5 Use and to enter the radius of th If two proximity waypoints are entered and their regions overlap you will be informed with the message Proximity overlap This message will be displayed each time you turn on the GNC 250 for as long as the overlap remains Warning If you enter the overlap area you will only be informed of the nearest proximity waypoint e alarm circle Press iam To remove a waypoint from the proximity waypoints page 1 Press GED t
40. able pages 112 95 12175 The NDB position page see above displays the selected facility s identifier fre nd AM comments quency and position as well as any weather broadcasts available The NDB comment page will display any user comments for the selected NDB see page 50 for instruc tions on entering user comments NDB Comments Page 42 Intersection Information 118 95 12175 int COOLE WN CEH USA H377 l ar WSS 25 07 fF SGF 197 11am Intersection Position Page The last database waypoint category available is intersections Two intersection pages are available intersection position and intersection comments Intersections may be entered by identifier only not city or name on either intersection page To scroll through the Intersection pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not flashing If it is press QE 2 Rotate to toggle between the available pages The intersection position page displays the selected facility s identifier region and or country latitude and longitude and the identifier distance and bearing to the nearest VOR not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection The intersection com ment page will display any user comments for the selected intersection see page 50 WPT KEY SECTION Intersection Information 122145 118 14 int AAHHE comments Intersection Comments Page 43 SECTION WPT KEY 3 User Waypoints 44 122145 118 1
41. age when the unit is powered up The identifier of a ocked waypoint will be replaced with a lockd message which indicates you cannot obtain waypoint information or navigate to the waypoint The identifier of a locked waypoint may be displayed by highlighting lockd and pressing ENT Locked way points may be deleted from routes the user waypoint list or the proximity waypoints ist by following the instructions in the appropriate section 115 95 121 75 f Proximity wet locked The waypoint scanning feature provides a fast way to scan through airports Foute wet locked VORs NDBs and intersections in the database by identifier facility name or city Wet comment locked Waypoint scanning may be used from any blank identifier field in the GPS window Alarms possible for locked waypoints To enter a waypoint by scanning the identifier facility name or city 1 With the cursor over a blank identifier field press ig If the identifier field is not blank highlight the field with the flashing cursor and press MM before pressing RAA Ent e e wet gs 11204 2 Use to highlight the waypoint category you wish to scan th a dis m trek Bgg 3 Press EBA to activate the scanning mode gw Rotate to place the flashing cursor over the field you want to scan identifier facility To blank a waypoint field highlight the field and press the CLR key or city name
42. and Tern Island Iwo Jima Island St Helena Island Marcus Island Australia Tasmania Island Australia Tasmania Island Austria Belgium Efate and Erromango Islands Bermuda Islands Colombia Indonesia Antarctica Argentina Phoenix Islands South Africa Florida Bahama Islands Tunisia Switzerland Chatham Island New Zealand Paraguay Brazil Denmark Sumatra Island Indonesia DOS 1968 EASTER ISLAND 1967 EUROPEAN 1950 EUROPEAN 1979 FINLAND HAYFORD 1910 G SEGARA GANDAJIKA BASE GEODETIC DATUM 1949 GGRS 87 GUAM 1963 GUX 1 ASTRO HERAT NORTH HJORSEY 1955 HONG KONG 1963 HU TZU SHAN INDIAN BNGLDSH NEPAL INDIAN MEAN VALUE INDIAN THAILAND VIETN INDONESIA 74 IRELAND 1965 ISTS 073 ASTRO 1969 JOHNSTON ISLAND 1961 KANDAWALA KERGUELEN ISLAND KERTAU 1948 L C 5 ASTRO LIBERIA 1964 LUZON MEAN VALUE LUZON MINDANAO IS Gizo Island New Georgia Islands Easter Island Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Gibraltar Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands orway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Austria Finland Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Finlan orneo Republic of Maldives ew Zealand Greece Guam Island Guadalcanal Island Afghanistan celan Hong Kong Taiwan angladesh India Nepal ndia hailand Vietnam ndonesia reland Diego Garcia johnston Island Sri Lanka erguelen Island West Malaysia Singapore Cayman
43. andby frequency Storing user data SUA alert page S S S UA altitude fields UA messages UA settings page Sunrise sunset planning Squelch 26 72 38 16 17 83 47 49 81 82 63 61 61 vil 58 61 70 40 40 73 27 65 84 54 57 94 3 29 81 54 55 56 57 77 28 vii 30 T Table of contents Time Transfer key Trip planning Trip timer Trip timer settings True air speed Turn anticipation U Unit settings Updating user data User comments User data cards User map datums User waypoints Vv Vertical navigation VNAV Volume VORs Ww Warranty Waypoint comments page Waypoint confirmation page Waypoint entry Waypoint identification page Waypoint information Waypoint key Waypoint list Waypoint menu v v 25 viii 19 29 19 20 70 11 79 80 81 80 719 33 44 49 22 23 31 734 41 50 51 35 35 35 52 vii 33 49 34 INDEX SECTION G 99 SECTION INDEX Waypoint scanning Waypoint sequencing Waypoints with comments Winds aloft 52 69 70 22 k GARMIN 1995 GARMIN International 9875 Widmer Lenexa KS 66215 USA GARMIN Europe LTD Robert House Station Approach Romsey Hampshire S051 8DU UK Part No 190 00067 50 Rev A
44. aphical CDI will be replaced by a flashing next dtk xxx prompt indicated the desired track of the next leg 40 00 If the turn angle and your present speed will require a bank angle that exceeds 25 you ll be notified with a Steep turn ahead message approximately 90 seconds before arrival at the active to waypoint To hold on the active to waypoint 1 Press ESM The direct to confirmation page will appear 2 Rotate to highlight the waypoint sequencing field and rotate to select hold 3 Press BEA The cursor will advance to the course select field where you may manually enter the desired course to the hold waypoint The default course is the GPS course cal culated from your present position 4 Press o accept the course select field 5 Press 0 confirm the ok prompt During route operations the CDI page is used to provide turn anticipation next desired track and waypoint arrival information to the pilot The GNC 2505 turn anticipation feature will smooth out the transition between adjacent route legs by providing CDI guidance along a curved path segment This leg transition is based on he aircrafts actual ground speed and the difference between the course angle of the wo legs The GNC 250 will automatically sequence to the next leg when you are abeam the active to waypoint on the curved transition segment and the to from indicator on the CDI will flip momenta
45. aypoint menu page 2 Press QS twice and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint category 3 Press to accept the waypoint category The waypoint identification or position page for the selected category will appear with the waypoint identifier field ready for entry After a waypoint categor by entering the identifier or y is selected information for a waypoint may be viewed name of the desired waypoint Airports VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier name or the location city of the facility Intersections and user wayp To enter a waypoint identifier oints must be entered by the identifier 1 With the flashing cursor over the waypoint field use and to enter the waypoint identifier As the identifier is entered the GNC 2508 Spell N Find feature will scroll through the available database displaying any waypoints with the same identifier let ters you have entered to that point When the desired waypoint is displayed press to remove the cursor To obtain waypoint information by entering the facility name of the airport the name of the VOR or NDB or its location 1 Press Ail and rotate to display the waypoint menu page 2 Press GE twice and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint category 3 Press Eg to accept the waypoint category 4 Rotate to high Rotate Q to high 5 Use and Ot As the information is e light the middle field to enter location city OR
46. aypoint position as described on pages 45 46 Note The active to waypoint cannot be edited To delete a waypoint from the list 1 Highlight the desired waypoint and press GML Press GI to confirm the deletion To rename a waypoint from the list 1 Highlight the desired waypoint Use and to enter a new identifier for the waypoint 2 Press EE on the confirmation page to change the name or press SM to cancel WPT KEY SECTION User Waypoint List ao 118 90 4 user wayrPoints User Waypoint List 118 95 121 75 Rename Wayroint old name ARCH Hew name GUICK ok Renaming a user waypoint 49 SECTION WPT KEY Waypoint Comments 50 118 90 ROW comments R I Entering waypoint comments 118 95 l2iu7s Wets with comments ELA ARCH L435 KIKD Waypoints with Comments List The last page available through the GNC 250 WPT key is the waypoint com ments page which lists all waypoints that have a user comment User comments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData database and allow you to note two lines of special information concerning a particular waypoint To enter user comments 1 Enter the waypoint identifier from any waypoint page see page 35 and press QS to remove the flashing cursor 2 Rotate to display the comments page 3 Press twice and use to highlight either the second or third line 4 Use and to
47. ce the standby frequency in the active field press Ej Once you ve entered the active frequency simply repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter the standby frequency After both frequencies have been entered you may elect to keep the comm window hot by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency or remove the cursor by pressing the Q key twice TAKEOFF TOUR Selecting Comm Frequencies 11890 iv4dqg Search Sky dor 2 sat i szal Status page with cursor active in comm window l 4as5s i118 907 Search Sky doe 2 Switching the active and standby frequencies will not remove the cursor from the comm window TAKEOFF TOUR After the GNC 250 acquires satellites and computes a position the position page will appear automatically and you ll be informed with a Ready for navigation message on the message page Position Page Altitude MSA or ESA Position lat lon Reference Waypoint Field The position page displays your present latitude and longitude altitude and a reference way point field The altitude and reference waypoint fields are also selectable see Section 1 for more information to allow you to configure the unit to your own preferences The default settings are 118 40 123 95 eeeeeT ae eee 35 714 dis 26ain trk 32 ao totKPlLO etell a Ao 23 e Altitude Your present GPS altitude e Present Position Latitude and longitude displayed in degrees minutes e Referenc
48. ct new data This means the unit is acq iring satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit information which can take 7 1 2 to 30 minutes The satellite sta tus page will display a Search Sky status and the message annunciator next to the ERY key will also flash to alert you of a system message To view a system message 1 Press EES The message page will appear and display the status or warning information applicable to the receivers current operating condition To return to the previous page after viewing a message 1 Press EES While the GNC 250 is acquiring a position lets take a minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies you ll be using for the first phase of your flight The GNC 2508 display can be broken down into two separate windows the comm window the top line of the display and the GPS window the bottom three lines of the display Comm Window GPS Window The key is used to activate the cursor in a particular window see right to provide access to various comm and navigation features To select the active frequency you must first enter the frequency in the standby field and use the EJ key to move it to the active field To change the standby communication frequency 1 Press QD once to activate the cursor in the comm window 2 Rotate the outer knob Q to select the MHz and the inner knob to select the kHz of the desired frequency To pla
49. d If a search and res cue is interrupted note the parallel track direction R or L and distance on the cata log page for route 0 When you resume search and rescue operations use this as the initial offset ROUTES SECTION Search amp Rescue 9 Operations ANCHOR lt gt Baesa ee ay WAYPOINT i oiaoi LEG LEG LEG j INCREMENT INCREMENT INCREMENT DISTANCE DISTANCE DISTANCE e INTIAL OFFSET ANCHOR Au Meee 00 Bw WAYPOINT 11895 121 75 Route B KLWC ETOP initial of fstil Borm iWcrementiL Boh ok Performing a search and rescue operation 65 SECTION J ROUTES Parallel Track Offset Navigation DEPARTURE WAYPOINT Parallel Track 66 s WAYPOINT ARRIVAL Enter parallel track value after route activation During route navigation it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the active leg to help avoid certain airspaces or regions The GNC 2505 parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the active leg To use offset navigation or parallel track 1 Press REM and use to display the route catalog page 2 Use to display route 0 parallel track can only be used on the active route 3 Press twice and use to highlight the parallel track value field 4 Use and Oto enter the desired distance and direction R or L from the leg 5 Press IE to accept It
50. d Time Enroute BRG Bearing FLOW Fuel Flow Rate CAS Calibrated Airspeed FOB Fuel On Board CDI Course Deviation Indicator FPM Feet Per Minute CLB Class B FR From CLC Class C FSS Flight Service Station CLR Clearance Delivery FT Fee CPA Closest Point of Approach FT Full Time CTA ICAO Control Area GL Gallons CTAF Common Traffic Advisory GND Ground Frequency GPS Global Positioning System CTF Common Traffic Advisory GS Ground Speed Frequency HDG Heading CTS Course To Steer HG Inches of Mercury CUM Cumulative IALT Indicated Altitude DALT Density Altitude ILS Instrument Landing System DEG Degrees IG Imperial Gallons DEP Departure INT Intersection Waypoint 91 92 SECTION MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS LB LCL LEN LFOB LFLOW LOC LT MB MF MH MI MIC MIN MIN MOA MPM MPS MSA MT MUL Jet Fuel Type A Jet Fuel Type B Kilometers Per Hour Kilometers Knots Pounds Local Length Leftover Fuel On Board Left Fuel Flow Localizer Liters MAG VAR Magnetic Variation Millibars Of Pressure Mandatory Frequency Statute Miles Per Hour Statute Miles Microphone Minimum Minutes Military Operations Area Meters Per Minute Meters Per Second Minimum Safe Altitude Meters Multicom NDB NM NR OBS OTH o oF PC POSN PRES PROX DB Waypoint autical Miles on Precision earest Omni directional Bearing Select Inbound Cour
51. d facility infor mation for thousands of airports VORs NDBs and intersections Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint with its own latitude longitude identifier up to five let ters and or numbers and other pertinent information Up to 1 000 user waypoints may also be created and stored in the GNC 2505 internal memory 118 40 12445 12745 12640 Select wayroint ture Fraximity wayroaints art wor ndb KACY dist i S0h int user Licas dizi m Waypoint Menu Page O Proximity Waypoints Page as leis 118 115 95 121 75 Wets with comments 3 user waypoints L45 KLA amp ARCH FLTCH PEKI EIRD THDY in rt 5 Waypoint Comments List User Waypoint List Waypoint information is available through four primary waypoint pages accessible from the GNC 250s WPT key The waypoint pages may be scrolled through by pressing the WPT key and rotating the outer knob until the desired page is displayed or by pressing the WPT key repeatedly WPT KEY SECTION Overview 3 Please note that your GNC 250 uses ICAO identifiers for all airports All U S airport identifiers which contain only letters use the prefix K For example Los Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO standard Other airports such as Otten Memorial SVS that contain numbers in the identifier do not require the K prefix Many foreign countries use two letter prefixes For more information on ICAO identifiers contact Documen
52. d rotate until Scheduler is highlighted 1 I 3 Press EEN 4 Rotate to highlight the message you would like to edit To delete press EE then El 5 Use and to enter the message Press EE 6 Use and to set the elapsed time until the message is displayed in hours and minutes up to 99 hours and 59 minutes this time is cumulative and counts whenever the GNC 250 is on in normal operating mode 7 Press EL You may edit another scheduled message by repeating steps 3 4 and 5 or if you are fin ished press GD NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 2 Scheduler 118 40 i 4iqg Scheduled messages gt CHANGE_ _ ___ HFG Entering a scheduled message 118 490 124s Scheduled messages CHAHGE OIL 14 8 AANA Sr Ae The scrolling arrow prompt indicates which direc tion to scroll to view additional listings 118 90 124 15 CHANGE OIL The scheduled message will appear after the timer expires and after the GNC 250 is powered up until the message is changed 27 SECTION 1 NAV KEY Sunrise Sunset Calculations 28 118 90 124 15 SUP i Sse sunset WEELEE TOS PP o ser 96 Rise 13 68 Set 1 68 Sunrise Sunset Planning Page The GNC 2505 sunrise sunset planning function allows you to calculate the time of sunrise or sunset at any waypoint or your present position for a specified date To calculate sunrise and sunset times at a waypoint
53. direct to from any of the nearest waypoint pages 1 Press ESM The waypoint confirmation page will appear 2 Press to accept the waypoint or Rag to cancel The nearest waypoints for other categories VORs NDBs etc may be viewed by rotating Rotating continuously to the left will stop page selection on the nearest airport category NRST KEY SECTION Overview izi 7s5 nel art KEGT 12785 747m AFC 134 50 FAW 17 35 SORA Nearest airport with other frequency information If an airport has multiple frequencies available they may be quickly viewed without activating the cursor by pressing the CLR key repeatedly 118 95 121 75 neil fss COLUMBIA 122 45 Nearest FSS page To view additional frequencies if available highlight the frequency and rotate the outer knob 53 SECTION NRST KEY Special The next page available under the GNC 2505s NRST key is the SUA alert page The SUA alert page will alert you with up to nine controlled or restricted airspaces near or in Use Airspace your flight path according to the following conditions If your projected course will take you inside an SUA within the next 10 minutes the message SUA ahead lt 10 min will be displayed e If you are within two nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will take you inside the message SUA Near amp Ahead will be displayed e If you are within two nautical miles of an SUA and your cu
54. ds Once the settings submenu has been accessed the following setup pages are available by rotating with the flashing cursor inactive e CDI scale settings e Mag var arrival alarm settings e Nearest airport search e Battery saver Display intensity settings e Trip timer settings e Navigation units e SUA settings Map datums T O Settings channel 2 only The first available page under the settings submenu is the CDI settings page which allows you to define the scale of the GNC 2505 course deviation indicator UNIT SETTINGS SECTION Messages amp 6 Settings Submenus 118 95 121 75 Prax alarm Ppress HAY To view a message press MSG 127 15 148 20 COI Settinas acale Auto Fon To access the settings submenu pages press and hold the MSG key for two seconds The GNC 250 will return to the last submenu viewed the next time you access the unit settings SECTION UNIT SETTINGS CDI Settings To change the CDI scale 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to select the CDI Settings page Magnetic Variation 2 Press GED twice and rotate to select Auto 5 0 nm 1 0 nm or 0 3 nm 3 Rotate to highlight ok and press IRR to approve Note the selected CDI scale will not take effect until approved The scale values represent full scale deflection of the CDI to either side The default setting is 5 0 nm The Auto setting will start the CDI sca
55. e alti tude and a reference waypoint field The altitude and reference waypoint fields are selectable to configure the page to your own preferences and current navigation needs Altitude MSA or ESA i 11840 L245 alt 18665 H38 554351 WAST B17 Lart EIsD 386 Sasam Position lat lon a a aS Reference Waypoint Field The altitude field can display either the present altitude minimum safe altitude MSA or enroute safe altitude ESA MSA is the recommended minimum altitude within a ten mile radius of your present position ESA is the recommended minimum altitude within a ten mile radius of your course on an active route or direct to MSA and ESA altitudes are calculated from information contained in the database and gen erally include mountains buildings and other permanent features see left To change the altitude field 1 Press GED twice to obtain a flashing cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate until the alt ESA MSA field is highlighted 3 Rotate to display the desired data Press QD to return to normal navigation The position page also features a reference waypoint field located at the bottom of the page to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected waypoint The ref erence waypoint field can display the following e Range bearing and identifier from the nearest airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint e Range bearing and identifier from a user specified waypoint The default set
56. e Distance dis The distance to your destination in nautical miles e Track trk Your present course over the ground Estimated Time Enroute ete The time to your destination based upon your present speed and course in hours and minutes 11840 143 95 TREER Ters pe TS 146 i The next page available under the GNC 250s NAV key is the navigation commu b z to z z i i 7 i 4 E nications NAVCOM page It provides you with a complete list of airport frequen cies at your departure and arrival airports allowing convenient selection of frequencies CDI page With ra and trie displayed you ll need along your flight path If you do not have an active departure airport the navigation communications page will display the frequencies for the airport nearest 1138 90 123 95 your present position eeeeeTaeeee 33 G14 To view the NAVCOM page from the CDI page rotate one stop to the right E T a a A dis 2553an bra 328 ao totKPlLoO trk 328 The NAVCOM page lists your departure and arrival airports on the left side of the page with all the database frequencies listed in a column down the right side of the page To scroll through the list of frequencies simply rotate the inner knob in the direction of the arrow prompts at the bottom left of the page CDI page with bre and trk displayed q 124 15 D arr 116450 tur iison Landei dan To place a frequency from the list in the standby field
57. e GNC 250 will now provide guidance to the selected waypoint and resume navigating the remainder of the route in sequence once you arrive at the next destina tion waypoint The waypoint sequencing field located at the bottom left of the direct to confirmation page allows you to select manual or automatic waypoint sequencing of route waypoints Setting the selector to the hold setting holds your current active to waypoint as your navigation reference and prevents the GPS from sequencing to the next waypoint in the route The waypoint sequencing selector may be used in conjunction with the course select feature see page 60 to manually select the course to the hold waypoint ROUTES SECTION On Route Direct To Waypoint Sequencing 118 490 14430 ao to aPrtiKkIsD HZS 49 90 Wea4 33 aq hold crs r4 ok You can hold on a destination waypoint by setting the waypoint sequencing field to the hold posi tion A user defined course may also be entered in the course select field 115 490 124 40 theta ee eee FS FLEAS dis i loa0n trk lar Br4 s KITA ete Fide Whenever waypoint sequencing is set to hold the desired course is displayed at the bottom left of the CDI page See page 70 for more details 69 SECTION ROUTES Waypoint Sequencing 70 142795 11849 Hst dtk 297 3ss 1160 dis Bain dtk 3627 ao toiPMDe ete BIAS As you approach a route waypoint the gr
58. e Waypoint The bearing and distance to the nearest airport The CDI page with active destination The position page is one of six pages available under the GNC 2505s NAV key 1is90 12445 EISD arr 118 49 e CDI page e NAVCOM page tur i isias e Position page Satellite status page andr i an e NAV menu 1 e NAV menu 2 Navigation Communications Page During most flights the position CDI course deviation indicator and NAVCOM pages will be the primary pages used for navigation The pages available under each key are accessible by press 1 ing the desired key and rotating the outer knob or by pressing the NAV key repeatedly The GNC 250 uses direct point to point navigation to guide you from takeoff to touchdown in the VFR environment Once a destination is selected the unit will pro vide speed course and distance data based upon a direct course from your present position to your destination A destination can be selected from any page with the direct to EE key To select a direct to destination 1 Press the BEM key The CD 2 Rotate the knob to ente tination waypoint may be a it is in the database or store 3 Rotate the knob to the ri page will appear with the destination field flashing the first letter of the destination waypoint identifier The des airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint as long as d in memory as a user waypoint ght to move the cursor to the next character position
59. ed editing the course select field 4 Press BRM to accept the course and EMM again to acknowledge the ok prompt The GNC 250 will now use the selected course for your CDI and DTK steering guidance To reset the course to a GPS calculated course from your present position simply press ERM followed by EA The GNC 250 lets you create up to 20 routes numbered 0 through 19 with up to 31 waypoints each Routes are created copied and edited through the key which features two route pages selectable from t he GNC 2508 outer knob the active route page and the route catalog page The active route page provides information and editing functions for Route 0 which always navigating The route catalog page serves as the vating deleting and copying all routes ss memory Once a storage route is activated it serves as the route you are currently main page for creating editing acti Routes 1 19 are used as storage routes which are stored in the GNC 2505 internal is placed into Route 0 for navigation until it is cancelled overwritten by activating another route or erased when the GPS is turned off If you want to save a route current open storage route routes 1 19 before it is c y in Route 0 be sure to copy it to an ncelled overwritten or erased The GNC 2505 route catalog page is used to create edit delete or copy routes and serves as the main page for a host of func ions These
60. electing a destination for your flight direct to and route navigation The direct to function provides a fast way to set a course to a destination waypoint from your present position The route function allows the pilot to create a chain of waypoints to fly in sequence KSTL lt gt MAP ACTIVE FROM warront yh Caon TO WAYPOINT SGF O ACTIVE LEG EOS P lt KTUL As you pass each waypoint in the route the GNC 2505 automatic leg sequencing and turn anticipation features will automatically select the next waypoint as the active to waypoint and provide smooth steering guidance around the turn If you are not currently navigating a particular route leg e g your starting position is not a route waypoint the GPS will select the appropriate leg as the active route segment The GNC 2505 direct to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint Once a direct to destination is activated t he GNC 250 will establish a point to point route line along the great circle from your present position to the destination and provide steering guidance and navigation d until it is cancelled If you are navigating to a waypoint and get of to function may also be used to re center the d bar to proceed to To select a direct to destination ata to the waypoint f course the direct he same waypoint 1 Press the key The CDI page will appear with the destination 2 Use a
61. enient selection of Clearance Pretaxi TCA frequencies you ll need along your flight path To scroll through the list of frequen oe a cies rotate the inner knob in the direction of the arrow prompts at the bot e Lower s Malico e ARSA tom left of the page Other e TRSA Departure e Tower The frequencies displayed for the departure and arrival airports are listed in the a ia order you are most likely to use them see left with the available frequencies dis e TMA e Other op lt CTA er played to the right of the airport identifier If you do not have an active route with e ARSA e Unicom a departure airport the NAVCOM page will display the frequencies for the airport 5 e TRSA I nearest your present position If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions the frequency will be followed by a brg indication To view restrictions on a frequency 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the brg next to the frequency you wish to view 3 Press EA to begin viewing restrictions Once you begin viewing restrictions you can view any additional frequencies with restrictions by rotating You can also view the airport information pages by rotat ing Information contained on these pages is covered in Section 3 To return to the NAVCOM page press MY Some frequencies in the NAVCOM page have tags which designate their usage tx transmit only
62. essage Page to communicate important information to you Some mes sages are advisory in nature others are warnings that may require your intervention This appendix provides a complete list of GNC 250 messages and their meanings Cannot chng actv wpt An attemp the active has been made to modify the position of o or active from waypoint The GNC 250 will not allow the modifications Cannot nav lockd rte An attempt has been made to activate a route containing a locked waypoint The G cannot pe C 250 rform navigation in this situation Cannot ofst goto rte An attempt has been made to engage the offset navigation feature while the G sing a single waypoint route The GNC gating C 250 is navi 250 will not allow offset navigation in this situation Checklist is full be added The G searching good view Collecting data The selected checklist is full o new items can until existing items are deleted C 250 is collecting orbital data while he sky The antenna should have a of the sky and the GNC 250 should be allowed to finish data collection before turn ing the un COM failed The comm it off in the GNC 250 has failed Take the unit to an authorized GARMIN service center immediate y Comment memory full Configuration reset Data card failed Data card write fail Degraded accuracy Do not use for nav EEPROM write fail Final altit
63. ever PS altitude for vertical navigation Operation of this device is subject to the following ever use GPS altitude for vertical na galo conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful inter ference and 2 this device must accept any interference The Jeppesen database incorporated in the GNC 250 must be updated regularly ana ineluding mietjerence STE TI ase ACES IPE in order to ensure that its information is current Updates are released every 28 days A database information packet is included in your GNC 250 package The GARMIN GNC 250 does not contain any user serviceable parts Repairs should only be made by an authorized GARMIN service center Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations Pilots using an out of date database do so entirely at their own risk Accessories amp Packing List Congratulations on choosing the finest most advanced panel mount VFR GPSCOM available The GNC 250 represents GARMIN commitment to provide an accurate easy to use GPS for all of your aviation needs Before installing and getting started with your unit please check to see that your package includes the following items If any parts are missing or damaged please see your GARMIN dealer immediately Standard Package e GNC 250 unit amp NavData Card Installation Rack amp Connectors e Pilots Guide amp Quick Reference Guide e Database Sub
64. f duplicates will be shown at the top of the page with the waypoint type and region of each duplicate indicated below The way points listed are sorted by the distance from your present position To scroll through additional duplicate waypoints 1 Rotate with the flashing cursor active or with the flashing cursor inactive To select the desired waypoint from the duplicates list 1 Activate the flashing cursor and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint 2 Press IEA The waypoint confirmation page will appear 3 Press EMM over the ok prompt to accept the waypoint or ERM to reject the waypoint and return to the duplicate waypoints list WPT KEY SECTION Waypoint Confirmation Duplicate Waypoints ao 118 90 y SA aurjet gr 27s Ward 34 a Z l Waypoint Confirmation Page 1v4ian 118 50 2 durlicate WA ndb amp CEH USA ndb CANADA Duplicate Waypoints Page secTiON WPT KEY Because the GNC 250 relies on a NavData card for most waypoint information 3 Locked Waypoints eei h eee able i i y be instances when waypoint information is not available for use Locked Waypoint Scanning waypoints exist when a waypoint contained in a route or used as a proximity way point is not contained on the NavData card or no card is inserted in the unit If this condition exists you ll be alerted with a Proximity wpt locked Route wpt locked or Wpt comment locked mess
65. ghlight the checklist you would like to create or edit Press Sua 4 Use and to enter the title of the checklist Press EEN This will display the checklist items page On this page you can enter each task such as Check Fuel 5 Use and to enter the checklist item Press EEI 6 You may repeat step 5 to enter additional items or press to finish NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 1 VNAV amp Checklists 30005 to 1200 Baa 124 15 50 before EFOE VNAV function in the active state 118 490 14430 eeeeeTaeeee 35 iil dis Iran trek So to KE MEC vn 34 VNAV displayed on CDI page 118 490 124s Select check list FFE TAXI i EMERGEHWCY Checklist Catalog page 23 SECTION NAV KEY Checklists Approach Timer 24 118 40 124s EMNERGEHWCY lt THROTTLE CLOSED Me CTRL IDL CUTO Executing a checklist 118 40 146 95 AFer Time Clock Approach Timer To execute a checklist 1 Press IR and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate until Chklist is highlighted Press EGS 3 Use to highlight the checklist you would like to see Press IENA 4 Press to check off list items To delete a checklist item or an entire checklist 1 To delete a checklist item highlight the desired item and press GM followed by EX 2 To delete an entire checklist highlight the desired list and press SM
66. he field you would like to change 3 Use to change the unit of measure 4 Rotate to advance to the next field or press QS when finished Continued on the next page Trip Timer Units of Measure UNIT SETTINGS e 127 95 148 20 Teir timer settinas run when 35 exceeds 1445 Trip Timer Settings Default Units of Measure Settings 75 SECTION UNIT SETTINGS The available units of measure are Units of Measure position e degrees minutes and seconds dms hddd mm ss s e degrees and minutes dm hddd mm mmm altitude e feet ft meters mt vertical speed feet per minute fpm e meters per minute mpm e meters per second mps nav units nautical miles and knots nm kt statute miles and miles per hour mi and mh e kilometers and kilometers per hour km and kh 127 45 175 20 fuel e gallons gl e imperial gallons ig e kilograms kg pounds lb e liters lt Units of Measure Settings metrio pressure inches of mercury hg e millibars mb temperature degrees Fahrenheit f e degrees Celsius c The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you turn the controlled restrict ed airspace message alerts on or off This will not affect the alerts being listed on the nearest page It will simply turn off the warning when you are approaching or near an SUA Warnings can be turned off for the following airspaces c
67. hoice Note the waypoint category is listed as wpt rather than VOR because the GNC 250 is not using the nearest VOR for the reference waypoint SECTION NAV KEY 1 Satellite Status Page 121 75 epe 1315 J3 i iB 19 22 25 208 29 7 5 7 49 5 _ F Status page with EPE displayed izi 7s5 dor 1 5 3 i4 18 19 22 25 2B 24 rm 7 T1 5 H Status page with DOP displayed The GNC 2505 satellite status page provides satellite information to monitor GPS coverage and receiver performance This is helpful when you may be experienc ing low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation problems To view the satellite status page 1 Press QQ and rotate until the satellite status page appears EPE DOP EPE DOP i value Receiver Status iz i 7s5 dor 1 5 Satellites in view gt Z BE 3 14 18 19 22 25 2B 29 7 5 7 J 5 _ F Satellite in view but not receiving signal Signal strength of satellite being tracked 1 9 The top line of the status page displays the receiver status and the current posi tion accuracy in DOP or EPE The default setting is DOP The following functions may be displayed in the DOP EPE field e dop Dilution of Precision a measure of the satellite geometry quality and relative accuracy of your position with 1 meaning good geometry and 10 meaning poor e epe Estimated Position Error an overall measure of your positional accuracy in feet or meters usi
68. i may remove the his message a failure in its ROM failed e message persists the e and should be taken to vice center a condition Route is empty g service in the receiver hardware C 250 should be t aken to an autho Route is full C 250 is ready for t has an invalid ide C 250 has detected hardware If the er navigation Route wpt deleted ntifier or position a failure in the GNC 250 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN se Remote ENT key stuck The remote E state Check the installation The remote XFR key state Check the installation Remote XFR key stuck T key is stu essage persists the Route wpt locked vice center ck in the pressed Route wpt moved is stuck in the pressed MESSAGES amp apprevarions The GNC 250 has detected a failure in its permanent memory If this message occurs the unit is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center An attempt has been made to activate an empty route An attempt has been made to add more than 31 waypoints to a route The GNC 250 will not allow more than 31 waypoints per route One or more route waypoints were deleted while receiving data from the optional PC150 Interface Kit At least one route waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removed from the Jeppesen NavData the data card is missing or the data card ha
69. ighted Press EEN 3 Use to select either UTC or local time to be displayed in the time fields Press IRA 4 Use and to set the local date Press EEI 5 Use and to set the local time Press IRA 6 Press Gasp to complete The GNC 250 trip timer will automatically keep track of the duration of your current trip and can be configured to run when the GNC 250 is on or when your ground speed exceeds a specified value see section 6 To view or reset the trip timer 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GED twice and rotate until Trip time is highlighted Press REM The current time of day departure time and time enroute will be displayed 3 To reset the timer press EBA To skip resetting the timer press NAV KEY _ SECTION Clock Function Trip Timer 11840 i 4iqg Tiner expired Timer expired message Resetting the trip timer 25 SECTION 1 NAV KEY RAIM Prediction Scheduler 26 A 124s 4550 a Wig gt e e AEA Liao an o RAIM available for the entered time and date The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is available for a specific location or waypoint any day of the year Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring performs checks to ensure that the GNC 250 will have adequate satellite geometry to work with during your flight RAIM availab
70. ility will be near 100 in Oceanic En route and Terminal phases of flight To predict RAIM availability 1 Press QQ and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight RAIM Prd Press ERIA 3 Rotate to highlight the field which you would like to change 4 Use and to enter the position Press iim to accept 5 Use and to enter the you have selected from the c will be displayed automatica waypoint name or leave it blank to use your current ETA in hours and minutes in local or UTC time whichever ock display and the day month and year The current date ly Press IM to accept 6 Rotate to highlight Compute RAIM 7 Press MJ to compute information When the computations are com plete the GNC 250 will display whether or not RAIM is available for the specified waypoint at the specified date and time The scheduler function will display reminder messages after a certain elapsed time such as Change oil Switch fuel tanks Overhaul etc For example if you enter Change Oil to be displayed in 30 hours the message Change Oil will be displayed after the GNC 250 has been on in Normal operating mode for 30 hours After appearing the message will be displayed each time the GNC 250 is turned on until it is changed or deleted To enter a scheduled message ess EMM and rotate O to display NAV Menu 2 2 Press twice an
71. include route activation ROUTES SECTION Overview 9 Route Catalog Page determining the closest point of approach and search and rescue operations It also displays a summary of routes currently stored in memory with the departure and arrival route waypoints and total distance for the selected route number To scroll through the available routes rotate A one line user comment may be added to any storage route which will be displayed on the route catalog page To add user comments to any route except route 0 1 Rotate to display the route you would like to add comments to 2 Press GE twice and use O to highlight the bottom row 3 Use and to enter comments and press EIA To erase press RE then EEA 118 95 121 75 rte B activate TOP KOKC 241 03 Parallel trk L Bam Route Catalog Page 1 Route selection field 2 Route action field 3 Departure Arrival waypoints 4 Cumulative distance of route 5 Comments Parallel track offset field SECTION 3 ROUTES Creating amp Editing Routes 62 118 95 i iizs ETOP EFOEL rt gt KEMP EOEC 1 Adding a waypoint to route 1 The route action field located at the top right of the page is used to select the desired route operation The following functions are available Activate activate the route for navigation e Reverse activate a route in reverse order Edit create a new route or edit an existing route
72. is important to note that offset navigation is only available on route navigation not direct to navigation When offset navigation is activated an Offset nav in effect message will be displayed with the distance and direction noted on the route catalog page for route 0 If you enter an offset which causes a leg to be reversed you ll be informed with the message Ofst too big for rte If you change the active route in any way or perform a direct to you ll be informed with an Offset nav cancelled message Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been created and activated the GNC 250 will provide navigation he relationship between the oute features o each route waypoint through the active route and CDI pages From the active route page you may also create and modify the active route The CDI page will display detailed navigation data on your progress to each route waypoint and provide turn anticipation waypoint arrival and next desired track information By understanding active route and CDI pages and the role of the waypoint sequencing selector you ll be able to get the most out of the GNC 250 s advanced Whenever the GNC 250 is navigating an on route direct to or route the active route page will provide a list of the route waypoints in sequence along with dis tance time and course information You may also create and edit a route directly from the active route page If you want to save a route c
73. l be calculated for the new waypoint 5 Press uum to confirm the ok prompt and save the waypoint position 46 The GNC 250s AutoStore function provides another method of creating user waypoints AutoStore is used to instantly capture your present position as a user way point with a touch of a button and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desired To perform an AutoStore 1 Press QQ and rotate to display the position page 2 Press E This will display the Save waypoint screen which will allow you to rename the waypoint and choose the route for it to be added to The GNC 250 will assign the next available three digit number as the default waypoint name preceded by a sign This will help you differentiate AutoStore waypoints from other user waypoints To change the name or the route of an AutoStore waypoint 1 Rotate to select the name or route number field 2 Use and to enter the name or route number If you do not want to add the way point to a route be sure to keep the route field blank 3 Press IE to accept 4 Press IEA to confirm the ok prompt If the waypoint name is already used for another waypoint you will be informed with the message WPT exists The default waypoint number will be redis played and you may enter a different name WPT KEY SECTION Creating Waypoints with AutoStore Save wet 808 HZ9 S G 00 WS
74. l planning G Going to a nearest airport GPS planning Ground speed setting I Inner knob Initial position reference page Installation of the GNC 250 Intersections T O Outputs K Key functions Knob functions L Leg time field Locked waypoints 62 63 67 69 44 46 49 viii 35 46 16 32 67 70 20 21 53 26 85 viii 84 85 83 34 43 72 vii viii vii viii 68 52 M agnetic variation aintenance of the GNC 250 ap datums easurement units essages SG key N AVCOM page avData cards avigation diagram AV Key AV menu 1 AV menu 2 av units DBs RST key earest airport earest SUA earest waypoints o Offset navigation Outer knob Operating mode P Packing list Parallel track Position page Power volume knob Power on normal Power on simulator Proximity Waypoints 72 73 83 78 95 96 16 71 86 90 viii 6 12 13 33 81 82 11 vii 9 9 19 23 9 24 27 76 34 42 vii 7 53 8 76 54 57 77 8 53 66 viii 84 iti 66 4 9 14 15 vii 1 84 33 48 R RAIM prediction RAIM protection Radar information Receiver status Removal of the GNC 250 Renaming user waypoints Restoring user data Reversing a route Route catalog page Route comments Route key Route navigation Routes Runway page Runway surface S Satellite acquisition Scheduler Search and rescue operations Simulator mode Special Use Airspace SUA Specifications St
75. lass B eta ICAO control area moa Military operations area class C tma ICAO Terminal Control Area other Other areas rstc Restricted areas SUA warnings for prohibited airspace cannot be turned off The alt field located at the bottom of the SUA settings page is an altitude buffer which expands the vertical range of the SUA so you will be notified if you are within a certain range of an SUA For example if the buffer is set at 500 feet and you are 500 feet above or below an SUA you will not be notified with an alert message if you are less than 500 feet above or below an SUA and projected to enter it you will be notified with an alert message The default set ting for the altitude buffer is 200 feet To set the warnings or change the altitude buffer 1 Press and hold J and use to display the SUA settings page 2 Press Gigi twice 3 Rotate to highlight the field you would like to change 4 Use to change to on or off 5 To change the altitude buffer highlight the buffer value and use and to change the data Press 0 accept 6 Press QD to complete UNIT SETTINGS SECTION SUA Settings 6 Altitude Buffer Altitude Buffer set at 500 feet 7 UNIT SETTINGS Map Datums Map Datum Page Mare datum User Datum page The GNC 250 NavData card contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating By default your uni
76. ld the GPS field in use will become splatted or blocked out 118 40 14430 Enter Wet as i Ay Once the standby frequency has been entered you may return to data entry by pressing the CRSR key The flashing cursor will return you to the active GPS field at the point where you stopped data entry The GNC 2505 auto tune feature allows you to quickly select any database fre quency in the GPS window as your standby frequency To auto tune a single frequency displayed in the GPS window 1 Press ium with the cursor inactive 2 To make the standby frequency the active frequency press BE To auto tune a frequency from a list displayed in the GPS window 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the desired frequency 3 Press to make the selected frequency the standby frequency Another useful feature integrating the GNC 2505 navigation and communication capabilities is the Navigation Communications NAVCOM page which is accessed using the key See pages 12 13 for more on the NAVCOM page The GNC 2505s automatic squelch and volume controls are located at the bot tom left of the unit near the NavData card slot To adjust the radio volume 1 Rotate the knob Whenever the GNC 250 is powered up the automatic squelch will be in the on position allowing only transmissions which are powerful enough for clear broadcast to be received Manual sq
77. le at 5 nm and gradually ramp down the scale to the 1 nm range once you are within 30 nm of a departure or arrival airport You must have an active direct to or route with an airport as your final destination waypoint or be within 30 nm of a departure airport Note 7 T a 2 et A a 5 that the GNC 250 uses Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring RAIM to scale Auto Sof cross check its position The RAIM protection limits listed below follow the selected CDI scale changing automatically with the Auto setting When the auto CDI setting is selected the CDI Scale RAIM Protection ee will a change the CDI 5 0 nm or Auto en route 2 0 nm v e i you or within 30 nm of a departure 1 0 nm or Auto terminal Loan or arrival airport a 0 3 nm 0 3 nm The GNC 250 has three magnetic variation options true auto or user defined To set the magnetic variation 1 Press and hold IEE and use to display the Mag Var Arvl Alarm page 118 40 1443 Mas War A Uzer maal arrival E i ia ma 2 Press GED twice and use to select auto true or user 3 If user is selected use to highlight the magnetic variation value and use and O Entering a user magnetic variation to enter the value and E or W Press GS to finish 72 If auto mag var is selected all track course and heading information will be corrected with the variation computed by the GPS The true north and the user
78. navigation while the nav menu and status pages offer access to planning calcu lation and status functions Note that rotating the outer knob clockwise will continu ously cycle through all the nav pages whereas turning the knob counterclockwise will stop the page selection sequ Whenever the NAV key ence at the CDI page pages are in use the indicator light next to the NAV key will illuminate If the G C 250 requires you to enter data on a navigation page a message prompt with specific instructions will appear and the indicator will flash If you leave the NAV page sequence for another set of pages the last NAV page dis played will appear when you return to the nav sequence 121 75 dor 1 5 J3 i4 18 19 22 25 28 24 7 5 7 49 5 _ H Remember The NAV pages will only display information AFTER the position and navigational information has been calculated from the satellites If you are on the Position page before the unit has calculated a position you will be able to enter an approximate position and altitude This is helpful in speeding satellite acquisition if the unit has moved a great distance with the power off If you are not sure the GPS is actively calculating position check the receiver status field for 2D NAV or 3D NAV by pressing the NAV key and rotating the outer knob until the Satellite Status page appears The current receiver sta tus is displayed at the top left of the page SECT
79. nce without modifying it The GNC 250 will resume naviga tion of the remainder of the route in sequence once you arrive at the selected waypoint 67 ROUTES Active Route Page Inserting Waypoints SECTION 68 ERFOE aliam 42 Active route page with cumulative distance and desired track displayed 118 490 124430 a0 to KICT les ete K ICT 135 7 1 48 4 KFOE lidanm 2 0g Active route page with leg distance and estimated time enroute displayed 118 40 14430 so to KICT les ete gt KEMP_L Fr Adding KEMP waypoint to the active route The leg field can be selected to display cumulative distance or the distance for each route leg If cumulative is selected the first legs distance will be displayed The second leg will represent the first legs distance plus the second leg and so on The time field may be configured to display the estimated time enroute ete estimated time of arrival eta or desired track dtk for each leg To change the leg and time fields 1 With the flashing cursor active rotate to highlight the field you want to change 2 Rotate to select the desired setting and press QD The active route page may also be used to create a new route or edit the route you are currently navigating and provides a fast method of selecting any route waypoint as your next destination waypoint without modifying the active route If you are editing the active route and want
80. nclude e any surface e soft hard surface e hard only surface e water only surface 4 Use to select ok and press IE to confirm and GED to complete SECTION UNIT SETTINGS Arrival Alarm Nearest Airport Search 118 40 14430 Mas War Arwel auto maa ERS arrival 1A m hard only srfc Runway length and surface type settings 2B SECTION UNIT SETTINGS 6 Battery Saver Display Intensity 74 127 95 148 20 Battery saver turn off disPlay 3H sec after last keypress Display timeout settings 127 15 1248 20 Diselay intensity modes auto level mimes Automatic display intensity The GNC 2505 battery saver feature can be programmed to automatically turn off the display when using the optional remote battery pack This will increase the remote battery life in event of power failure During this time the GNC 250 will continue to navigate and track satellites but will not display information until a key is pressed or a knob is turned To set the display timeout 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to display the Battery saver page 2 Press twice to activate the cursor 3 Rotate until the desired value is displayed 0 30 60 or 90 seconds Entering 0 will leave the display on at all times Press QS to finish The GNC 250 features automatic brightness control to adjust the display for opti mum viewing in any condition This is done using a
81. nd to enter the identifier of the desired waypoint field flashing 3 Press Bg to confirm the identifier and Mj to accept the direct to confirmation page To re center the d bar to the same active to waypoint 1 Press the FEE key followed by BEM twice A direct to may also be quickly activated from many pages that display a single waypoint identifier e g the nearest airport page by simply pressing and EM For pages that display a list of waypoints e g the user waypoint list page you must highlight the desired waypoint with the flashing cursor before pressing the key Once a direct to is activated the GNC 250 will provide navigation guidance until the direct to is cancelled or the unit is turned off To cancel a direct to destination 1 Place the flashing cursor over the destination field on the CDI page 2 Press EGY The destination field will go blank 3 Press GH The GNC 250 will resume navigating Route 0 the active route if available SECTION DIRECT 10 Selecting and Cancelling A Direct To To select a direct to destination press the key and enter the waypoint identifier 118 490 14430 rei art ETOP 2206 254 165 tur 116 70 FAW 13 31 THA To quickly select a direct to from any page that displays a single waypoint identifier e g the nearest airport page press TE followed by ENT 59 SECTION 9 DIRECT TO Manually Selecting A Course
82. ng page will display fuel requirements for both direct to naviga z234 ion and programmed routes The fuel planning function requires the pilot to know Fuel Planning Page he initial amount of fuel on board and the flow rate You may also enter different ground speeds to view various information based on different travel times If your installation is interfaced to a fuel flow sensor the flow rate and other information will 20 be used from the fuel flow sensor If leg is selected it displays the a 3 Rotate to select either wot 4 For waypoint waypoint navigati Press o accept the wayp corresponding waypoint field b 5 For route calculations choose either cum for cumulative ro e leg desired by rotating from beginning to end or th Fuel required to To perform fuel planning operations 1 Press QW and rotate O unti 2 Press GE twice and rotate until Fuel Plan is highligh NAV Menu 1 is displayed or direct navigation or the desi on use and to enter oints To use the present positi 6 Rotate to advance the c 7 Use and to enter the fuel on ursor to ank mount of fuel required to fly until 8 Rotate back two positions to highlight the fob or gs 9 Rotate to display the other information Press IES 10 Use and to enter the remaining data Press ER 11 Use and to enter the flow ra The GNC
83. ng signal and data quality receiver tracking status and DOP To change the DOP EPE field 1 Press QM and rotate to display the satellite status page 2 If the desired field EPE or DOP is not displayed press 9 twice 3 Use to change between epe and dop Press QE to finish The receiver status field located at the top left of the page can display the fol lowing messages under various conditions Search sky Acquiring 2D Nav 3D Nav Simulator Poor cvrg Need alt Not usable The GNC 250 is searching the sky for visible satellites You will be informed with the message Searching the Sky The GNC 250 is acquiring satellites for navigation The GNC 250 is in 2D navigation mode If your installation does not include an altitude serializer you must enter the altitude manually see page 2 The GNC 250 is in 3D navigation mode and will compute altitude The GNC 250 is in simulator mode which should only be used for practice and trip planning Never use simulator mode for actual navigation The GNC 250 cannot acquire sufficient satellites for naviga tion The GNC 250 needs altitude in order to start continue navi gation Go to the position page and enter the altitude The GNC 250 is unusable due to incorrect initialization or abnormal satellite conditions Turn the unit off and on again SECTION NAV KEY Receiver Status Field 118 95 l2i 7
84. nts and routes created in sim ulator mode will be retained in the GNC 250s internal memory SECTION SIMULATOR C Enter a simulated course from the direct to confir mation page The GNC 250 will set the course between route legs automatically when simulating navigation 85 86 SECTION MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS Altitude input fail Arrival at Arrvl at offst Battery low Battery rqrs service The altitude serializer input is not available for the G C 250 Check the I O settings and or the serializer installation If enough satellites are available for a 3D position fix no pi required providing no RAIM warnin sent If only a 2D fix is possible the should maintain the GPS altitude wi eet of the pressure altitude from the page Your craft has entered the arrival alarm ci indicated waypoint Your cra or the indicated waypoint offset by rack distance The optional remote battery pack is power and limited operating time re ot action is gs are pre pilo hin 1 000 position cle for the has entered the arrival alarm circle he parallel ow on nains The battery should be recharged for continued operation A proble has been detected in the optional remote battery pack The battery should be ser viced at an authorized GARMIN service center Appendix D GNC 250 Messages and Abbreviations The GNC 250 uses the M
85. ny NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe NOTE This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices This equipment gener ates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if Use the GNC 250 at your own risk To reduce the risk of unsafe operation tiot iistallea and used in accordance ae carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owners Manual and thoroughly tions may cause harmful interference to radio communi i cations Furthermore there is no guarantee that interfer practice using the simulator mode prior to actual use When in actual use carefully ence will not occur in a particular installation compare indications from the GNC 250 to all available navigation sources including if this equipment does cause harmful interference the the information from other NAVAIDS visual sightings charts etc For safety always user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by relo resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation cating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a dif ferent circuit than the affected equipment Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified avionics technician for The altitude calculated by the GNC 250 is geometric height above mean sea level additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft N
86. oint will appear 2 Press IEA to confirm Congratulations You ve now gone through the basic operation of the GNC 250 We encourage you to experiment with your new GPSCOM to get to know all the advanced navigation features it has to offer If you d like a little more practice try using the built in simulator described in Appendix C An optional AC adapter will even let you plan and simulate flights in the comfort of your home or office To turn the GNC 250 off 1 Turn the knob to the left until the unit shuts off Section Navigation Key The GNC 250 features six navigation pages to provide various position course speed status and planning information The pages may be viewed by pressing the NAV key and rotating the outer knob or by pressing the NAV key repeatedly CDI page Ilao Lidas5 teeee terete 353 1130 dis l4249h bra 339 o torKOMA trk 339 1iSa0 as Arer Time Clock Trie Time RAIM Prd cheduler Sunrise NAV Menu 2 VV E Overview 1 NAVCOM page iigas 124as Position page ig furkl less Ilas 12175 dsandei2diao alt 5395 H387 57093 WAGA 44 7q3 Fart KOJC 353 Gaak 118 95 121 75 30 Haw dor 1 5 115 0 IKETE M 4 Sat 344 4849 22 25 2829 Trie Plan Daltetas sal 27 5 7 4 5 E Fuel Plan Winds Unay Plan Chklist NAV Menu 1 Satellite Status Page The CDI NAVCOM and position pages are the primary pages used during in flight
87. on is At least one proximity waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removed fro ism One the Jeppesen NavData the data card issing or the data card has failed or more proximity waypoints were moved at least 0 33 arc minutes due to a data One dele base change or more proximity waypoints were ed while receiving data from the PC Interface Kit The been GNC 250 is unusable until power has cycled and the unit re initialized Abnormal satellite conditions may exist The G position RAIM not available sing 0 selected ing a la RAIM have se RAIM position warn navigate using visual flight ion should be verified eve her navigation sources If you have ions causing this message position errors If you ected a CDI scale other than Auto C 250 is unable to using RAIM You a CDI scale othe ger CDI scale may as detected selecting a larger CDI scale conditions causing RAM failed The G internal GNC 250 is unusab an authorized GARMIN se Rcvr needs service The G requirin The G Ready for navigation The G Received invalid wpt A waypoint was received in an upload opera tion tha Receiver failed The G receiver rized GARMIN service cen C 250 has detected memory If C 250 has detected cross check its ay continue to rules Your posi y 15 minutes han Auto select remove the cond
88. on rack and rotate the wrench clockwise to secure the unit To ensure proper connector seating gently press on the left side of the unit until tightened 3 32 ALLEN N WRENCH To remove the GNC 250 from the aviation rack 1 Insert a 3 32 allen wrench in the small hole adjacent to the dual knob 2 Rotate the wrench counterclockwise until the GNC 250 can be removed from the rack INSTALLATION amp SECTION MAINTENANCE The GNC 250 is built to exacting standards and does not require user maintenance If the faceplate and lens require cleaning use a soft cloth and non abrasive cleaner The user data is maintained by an internal battery with a projected life of 3 to 5 years If the GNC 250 detects a low memory battery you will be informed with the message Memory battery low Failure to have the battery replaced may result in loss of data each time you turn your unit off This will greatly increase satellite acquisition time and no user data will be saved This condition will be accompanied by the message Stored data lost The GNC 250 contains a crystal oscillator which may drift after many years of operation If the unit detects excessive oscillator drift you will be informed with the message Osc needs adjustment When this occurs contact an authorized GARMIN service center for service Failure to do so may result in severely degraded acquisition performance 83 84 SECTION C SIMULATOR
89. or at your present location 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GD twice and rotate to highlight Sunrise Press ER 3 Use and to enter the waypoint identifier or leave blank to use current position Press E 4 Press to accept the waypoint information 5 Use and to enter the date desired 6 Press and the sunrise and sunset times will be calculated and displayed Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 200 The GNC 250 features a digital VHF radio that provides a seamless transition from communication to navigation bringing the two most important functions in flying together in one panel mount unit The GNC 250 operates in the aviation voice band from 118 000 to 136 975 MHz in 25 kHz steps Communication frequencies are selected by activating the cursor in the standby frequency field and using the inner and outer knobs to dial in the desired frequency A frequency may also be quickly selected from the navigation database by simply highlighting the frequency and pressing the ERM key Once a desired frequency is dis played in the standby field it may be made the active frequency by pressing the EJ key Note that the active frequency may not by accessed directly Whenever the cursor is active in the comm window the standby frequency will by highlighted e g lt 121 50 gt To access the standby frequency press G3 This allows you to change the megahertz number to the left of
90. osition by entering a waypoint identifier in the reference field or by manually entering coordinates in the lat lon field To enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier 1 Rotate to highlight the waypoint identifier field 2 Use and to spell out the identifier of the desired airport navaid or user waypoint 3 Press ium to confirm the identifier The waypoint confirmation page will appear display ing the waypoint s position 4 Press um to confirm the ok prompt The position page will now appear and you may now use most of the GNC 250 navigation features for practice and planning You ll also receive a Do not use for nav message to remind you that the simulator mode should never be used for actual navi gation During simulator operation you will be able to enter a ground speed from the CDI page and define a course to a destination from the direct to confirmation page Altitude may only be entered by using the VNAV function available from the NAV menu 1 page see page 22 To enter a ground speed from the CDI page 1 Press I and rotate to display the CDI page 2 Press twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 3 Rotate to highlight the ground speed field 4 Use and to enter the desired speed Press IE to accept and GE to finish To exit the simulator mode the GNC must be turned off by rotating the knob counter clockwise until the unit shuts down All waypoi
91. perations see section 5 In addition to displaying your active destination and the course deviation scale the CDI page features four selectable fields for various distance direction and time options This allows you to configure the CDI page to your preferences The default settings displayed are ground speed distance track and estimated time enroute The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field e gs Your present speed over the ground e str Steer direction and distance or digital crosstrack error An T or R indicates which direction to steer while the distance value indi cates how far you are off course The following functions may be displayed in the distance field e dis Distance from present position to the active to waypoint e str Steer direction and distance or digital crosstrack error An T or R indicates which direction to steer while the distance value indi cates how far you are off course The following steering functions may be displayed in the direction field e trk Track the direction of movement relative to the ground e brg Bearing the direction from your present position to the waypoint e cts Course to steer to reduce cross track error and re intercept course e dtk Desired track the course between the active from and to waypoints tm Turn the direction and degrees to turn to get back on course The following informa
92. r Jet A fuel is available e av jet Both av gas and jet fuel are available Position In degrees minutes or degrees minutes seconds of latitude and longitude Approach Information displays the airport approaches available no apr No approach is available e np apr Non precision approach is available e loc _Localizer approach is available e ils ILS approach is available Controlled Airspace Information displays controlled airspace type class B cta e class C tma Radar displays approach departure radar capability e radar indicates radar is present The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage for the selected airport as well as sector and altitude restrictions To view the communication page from any of the airport information pages 1 Rotate with the flashing cursor removed to display t he communication page 2 Rotate in the direction of the arrow prompt to view additional frequencies You may also view additional frequencies with the cursor on by ro The following descriptions and abbreviations are used Frequencies without restriction information mf Mandatory frequency oth Other frequencies e e ptx Pre taxi e clr Clearance delivery e gnd Ground e twr Tower e uni Unicom e mul Multicom e e e e Frequencies with restriction information e dep Departure e arv Arrival e class B e cta ICAO control area
93. reate edit activate and invert routes Search nd rescue parallel offset and closest point of approach are also performed using the route key See Section 5 for more information on routes The waypoint key is used to view information such as runways frequen cies position and comments on airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints See Section 3 for more information on the database The navigation key is used to view navigation and position information Planning operations are also performed using the IR key See Section 1 for more information on navigation and planning operations INTRODUCTION Key and Knob Functions The GNC 250 is designed to minimize key strokes when performing operations There are typically several ways to perform the same oper ation In general using the knobs will decrease keystrokes and time spent using the GNC 250 Experiment to find the most effective way to use the GNC 250 to your advantage vii INTRODUCTION The message key is used to view system messages The JBM key is also used to access the GNC 2505 unit settings See Section 6 for more infor mation on messages and unit settings Key and Knob Functions The transfer key flip flops the active and standby frequencies enim The clear key is used to erase information or cancel an entry The enter key is used to approve an operation or complete data entry This manual will describe entering data
94. reated from the active route page route 0 you must copy it to an open storage route see page 64 before turning the unit off or activating another route The active route page may be displayed by press ing the key and rotating left continuously It will also appear whenever a route is activated To scroll through the active route waypoints 1 Rotate with the lashing cursor inactive or O with the cursor active The active leg identifiers field located at the top left of the page displays the way point identifiers of the route tifier displayed is the active leg you are currently navigating The first waypoint iden from waypoint The second waypoint is the active to waypoint The line connecting these waypoints is known as the active leg If you are navigating a direct to the fie d will display the destination with a goto designation SECTION ROUTES 5 Active Route Page USING THE ACTIVE ROUTE PAGE The GNC 250 active route page provides a working list of the route you are navigating allowing you to view all route waypoints along with distance timing or desired track information The scrolling arrow prompt to the left of the route waypoint list indicates which way to scroll to view additional route waypoints The active route page can also be used to manual ly select your next active to destination which allows you to fly the route out of seque
95. reviewing or editing a user waypoint skip step 4 and move on to the next set of instructions 4 Select the desired waypoint entry method using and press E You will automatically be placed on the latitude and longitude field if you selected enter posn the from field if you select ref wpt or the bearing field if you select mg brg from posn To enter edit the position of the user waypoint 1 Use and to enter the latitude You may select either north or south and enter a latitude up to but not including 90 2 Press aL 3 Use and to enter the longitude You may select either east or west and enter a longitude up to but not including 180 4 Press JEL Once the latitude and longitude have been entered the flashing cursor will move to the reference waypoint field where you may enter a reference waypoint to calculate a bearing and distance to the new waypoint position If you are not entering a refer ence waypoint 5 Press El to advance the flashing cursor to the ok prompt and press ml to save the new waypoint in internal memory SECTION Creating 3 User Waypoints WPT KEY i izi 7s5 usr IADY is new enter Fosn ref wet enarbra from Posh Selecting a method to enter a new user waypoint 118 95 121 75 usr IHDOY H317 35 00 WESS 4940 ee mok Entering the user waypoint s exact position 45 Reference Waypoints SECTIO
96. rily During the transition the CDI display will be referenced to the dotted line illustrated at the left of this page As you approach a oute waypoint the graphical CDI will be replaced by a flashing Next dtk xxx prompt indicating the desired track of the next route leg Turn anticipation will not be provided if you have set the waypoint sequencing field to hold or your current ground speed and the course angle between the two egs would require a bank angle greater than 25 If the leg transition is too short for a smooth transition a Leg not smoothed message will appear and the pilot should expect a rapid change in the CDI deflection Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings The GNC 250s MSG key provides access to system messages and allows you to cus tomize your GPSCOM to your own preferences through a settings submenu Whenever the GNC 250 needs to alert you to a navigation communication or system message the annunciator light next to the J key will flash Some messages are advisory in nature e g the arrival and countdown alarms while others may require your immediate atten tion e g a stuck microphone message For a complete list of GNC 250 messages please see Appendix D To view a message press EJ Press EY again to return to the previous page The GNC 2505 settings submenu is also accessed from the MSG key To view the settings submenu press and hold J for more than 2 secon
97. rom the NAV key These pages will be used for most of your in flight navigation The Takeoff Tour assumes that the GPSCOM and antennas have been properly installed and you have not changed any of the GNC 2505 default settings If you have changed any of the factory default settings position format units of measure selectable fields etc the pictures used may not match your configuration Prior to using your GNC 250 for the first time we recommend that you taxi to a location that is well away from buildings and other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption Powering up the GNC 250 The GNC 250 power and volume are controlled using the power volume knob at the bottom left of the unit Rotating it clockwise will turn the unit on and increase the radio volume After turning the unit on a welcome page will be displayed while the unit performs a self test The database page will appear showing the current database information on the NavData card with the valid operating dates cycle number and database type indicated Databases are updated every 28 days and are available for one time or subscription purchase To acknowledge the database information 1 Press the FEE key TAKEOFF TOUR Power On 136 97 115 02 GHC 256 Wer 27 866 01395 GARMIN Corr Ferformina self test Welcome Page 118 490 124795 AMERICAS WFR SUA eff id ser 95 3510 expe le oct 95 ok
98. rrent course will not 112 495 121 75 take you inside the message Near SUA lt 2nm will be displayed an l a i gt z T s nean tet If you have entered an SUA the message Inside SUA will be displayed EMCI Ss88645h Nearest SUA Note that the GNC 250 s SUA alerts are based on three dimensional data latitude longitude and altitude to avoid nuisance alerts The alert boundaries for controlled air 116 45 121 75 space are also sectorized to provide complete information on any nearby airspace Once sual near lt 2nm you have met one of the described conditions the message annunciator will flash alert FAA FAHSAS CITY AFTC ing you of an SUA message 2960064 To view an SUA message 1 Press the IEA key 2 Press I again to return to the previous page Nearest SUA with controlling agency displayed NOTE The GNC 250 will flash the J next to the FR key to inform you of SUA alerts You do not have to repeatedly check the Nearest Waypoint page for SUA information It is provided to supply more information on the SUA and its boundaries The GNC 250 will not flash alerts however if Once you are notified of a SUA alert detailed information concerning the specific SUA is provided by the NRST key it has been turned off or if your altitude is such that you To view the SUA alert page will not enter the buffered airspace Turning off SUA alerts and setting the altitude buffer is described on page 77
99. s AcauirFinas Bat i948 19 Wi zal 956 5 7 5 Acquiring satellites for navigation 136 97 115 02 Search Sky dor sat i zal z Searching the Sky SECTION NAV KEY Satellite Data Page eley 2S ura 1655 azm 371 zal _ Viewing individual satellite information The second and third lines of the satellite status page provide the satellite number and signal strength of each satellite in view Additional information regarding each satellite s azimuth elevation and other data is also available To view individual satellite information 1 Press I and use to display the satellite status page 2 Press twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 3 Use to highlight the satellite number you wish to view and press Maa This will display the satellite data page showing the selected satellite s number elevation angle rise or fall indication User Range Accuracy URA or the range measurement accuracy as determined by the satellite azimuth and signal strength To view other satellites 4 Rotate to view information for the next satellite 5 Rotate and press QD on the satellite status page when you are finished In addition to the other four pages the GNC 250 features two menu pages to per form a host of planning and navigation functions NAV Menu 1 provides access to the following functions Trip Planning e Fuel Planning e VNAV Planning Density altitude tr
100. s the GNC 250 will automatically reinitialize You may also einitialize the unit manually by pressing ENT An optional user data card can be used to make a backup of user waypoints outes etc and transfer information to another GNC 250 To save user data to the user data card 1 Install the user data card 2 Rotate to highlight Save user data Press EG to confirm The message Saving to card is displayed while the GNC 250 transfers all user data to the User Data card It may take a few minutes to complete the transfer When all user data is transferred the GNC 250 will instruct you to turn the unit off remove the user card and insert the Jeppesen NavData card After this is complete the GNC 250 is ready for normal operation NAVDATA CARD SECTION Saving User Data A Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top and the beveled corner on the bottom right 122 77 118 40 Ho data card Present Feinit in 38 seconds orf EHT to reinit Data Card Warning 82 SECTION NAVDATA CARD A Saving User Data 116 95 121 75 User card transfer Restore user data Save user data Data Transfer Page 118 55 121 75 Restore from card all data Ferlace Update ok Restore Data Page To restore user data from a user data card to the GNC 250 1 Install the user data card 2 Rotate to highlight Restore user data 3 Press EL The GNC 250 will ask
101. s class C 1isas 12175 1isas 121 75 KICT G1L 19R 10300 KICT ats 125 45 hard srfc ft lishts clr 12570 snd 121 40 ils ITWT 18910 rw il tur isa uni 1 as Airport Runway Page Airport Communication Page To scroll through the airport pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not flashing If it is press QE 2 Rotate in either direction to scroll through the available pages 36 The GNC 250 features five airport pages airport identification allows entry of desired airport by identifier facility name or city displays region and or country of facility airport position allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays latitude longitude and elevation indicates usage and fuel availability displays available approaches and airport control radar capability airport communication allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays radio frequencies usage and sector and altitude restrictions airport runway allows entry of desired airport by identifier indicates runway designations length surface and lighting information displays ILS ocalizer and or pilot controlled lighting frequencies airport comments allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays user comments for the selected airport Waypoint Type and Identifier Region Country 21 75 CT H CEN USA ocation A K 5 Ste A MID CONTINEH Facility name The airport identification page displays a selected airports
102. s failed One or more route waypoints were moved at least 0 33 arc minutes due to a database change gt gt SECTION 89 SECTION MESSAGES amp SUA ahead lt 10 min The projected course and current speed will ABBREVI ATIONS take you inside an SUA within the next 10 minutes SUA near amp ahead Your position is within two nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will take you inside Timer expired The approach timer has expired User data RX started Data receive operations have started Usr data TX complete Data transmit operations are complete VNAV cancelled The VNAV function has been cancelled due to a change in the active route WGS 84 datum selectd The system map datum was changed to Searching the sky The GNC 250 is in the search the sky mode WGS 84 because the selected map datum Allow the unit to complete data collection has been removed from the NavData card before turning it off the data card is missing or the data card has Start altitude chng The altitude change entered on the VNAV failed Planning page is about to begin Wpt comment locked At least one waypoint comment is locked Steep turn ahead This message appears approximately 90 sec because the waypoint has been removed onds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle from the Jeppesen NavData the data card in exces
103. s of 25 degrees in order to stay on is missing or the data card has failed course Turn anticipation will not be provided Woptexists___ You have entered a waypoint name on the or the turn AutoStore Page or User Waypoint Catalog Stored data lost Stored user data including waypoints routes Page that already exists in memory Enter a and satellite orbital data have been lost due to waypoint name that does not exist a low memory battery or inadvertent master Wpt memory full The waypoint memory is full You should reset delete unused waypoints to make room for Stuck mic tx disabled The microphone headsets have been transmit new waypoints ting continuously for 35 seconds and the transmitter has been disabled Releasing the transmit key will allow you to transmit again If this message persists check the installation MESSAGES amp SECTION This section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GNC 250 abbreviations and their meanings apprevarions ALT Altitude DIS Distance To Waypoint APP Approach DME Distance Measuring Equipment APR Approach DOP Dilution of Precision APT Airport Waypoint DTK Desired Track ARV Arrival ELEV Elevation ATF Aerodrome Traffic Frequency ENDUR Endurance ATS Automatic Terminal Information EPE Estimated Position Error Service ATIS ESA Enroute Safe Altitude AVGS Aviation Gas ETA Estimated Time of Arrival AZM Azimuth bearing ETE Estimate
104. scription Packet e Warranty Registration Card Optional Accessories Remote Battery Pack e AC Adapter PC 250 Interface Kit User Data Card 28 to 14 volt DC converter INTRODUCTION Accessories and Packing List To obtain accessories for your GNC 250 please contact your nearest GARMIN dealer INTRODUCTION Warranty To obtain warranty service see your local dealer or call the GARMIN Customer Service department for a returned merchandise tracking number The unit should be securely packaged with the tracking number clearly marked on the outside of the package and sent freight prepaid and insured to a GARMIN authorized warranty service facility Every GARMIN GPS is built to exacting standards to provide years of trouble free service GARMIN warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase GARMIN International Inc will at its sole option repair or replace any components which fail in normal use Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor The customer is how ever responsible for any transportation costs This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse misuse accident or unauthorized alteration or repairs GARMIN International Inc assumes no responsibility for special incidental punitive or consequential damages or loss of use THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDI
105. se Select Other Degrees Celsius Degrees Fahrenheit Pilot Controlled Position Barometric Pressure Altimeter Setting Proximity Proximity Part Time Pre Taxi Power Radar Required Reference Right Fuel Flow Range Runway Restricted Reserves Route USR User Waypoint Receive Only UTC Universal Time Coordinated Search And Rescue GMT Zulu Seconds VN VNAV or Vertical Navigation Sequence VNAV Vertical Navigation Signal VOR VOR Waypoint Select WPT Waypoint Surface WX Weather Steer To XFR Transfer TACtical Air Navigational Aid True Airspeed Total Air Temperature Temperature ICAO Terminal Control Area Track Angle Turn Angle Terminal Radar Service Area Tower Transmit Only UTC Time Unicom User Range Accuracy User Waypoint MESSAGES amp SECTION aporemmions 93 94 SECTION F SPECIFICATIONS Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the US DOD imposed Selective Availability Program Press any key to continue Navigation Whenever the GNC 250 is connected to the optional remote battery pack and power from the master switch is lost the unit will revert to bat tery power To continue navigation press any key when the power down page appears PHYSICAL Size Weight Rack Size Rack Weight POWER Input ENVIRONMENTAL Tem perature PERFORMANCE Comm Receiver Acq Upd isition Time ate Rate Accuracy
106. t Sales Unit International Civil Aviation Organization 1000 Sherbrooke Suite 400 Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 2R2 33 SECTION WPT KEY Waypoint Categories amp Menu Page 34 118 490 1245 Select wayroint tufe SEL wor wdb int user Waypoint Menu Page 118 40 i44iqg EICT 1330 ayerjet HZ7 39 00 WEP 25 qq ils l C Airport Position Page uor BAL 1154n Wes H397 128 Were 359 57 Lacan VOR Position Page The GNC 250 organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience Each waypoint category provides different types of detailed information for a selected facility e Airports Identifier city state country facility name position lat lon elevation fuel services and communications frequencies e VORs Identifier city state country facility name position lat lon frequency magnetic variation co located DME or TACAN and weather broadcast indication NDBs Identifier city state country facility name position lat lon frequency and weather broadcast indication Intersections Identifier country position lat lon nearest VOR User Identifier name position lat lon reference waypoint To view the waypoint information for a desired waypoint select the waypoint category from the waypoint menu page To choose a waypoint category for viewing information 1 Press R and rotate to display the w
107. t calculates positions using the WGS 84 map datum If you are using charts based on another datum you must set the GNC 250 to use the same datum Using a map datum that does not match the sectionals you are using can result in significant differences in position information If you are using maps for reference only the GNC 250 will provide correct navigation guidance to the way points contained in the database regardless of the datum selected To change the map datum to one listed in Appendix F 1 Press and hold I and use to highlight the map datum page 2 Press Gigi twice 3 Use to highlight the current map datum 4 Use to change the datum 5 Press QD to complete To create a user datum 1 Press and hold J and use to highlight the map datum page 2 Press Gigi twice 3 Use to highlight Define user datum Press ER 4 Enter the five parameters of the map datum using and Press EEA to accept a field The signs of each value should follow the convention WGS84 local geodetic system 5 Use to highlight ok and press EEI 6 To activate the user datum select USER on the map datum page as described above The last page available under the GNC 2505 setup menu is the I O setup page The I O setup page lets you configure the GNC 250 to output to a RS 232 mapping device or a PC with the optional GARMIN PC Kit or other mapping software and select the appropriate baud rate The
108. t may be activated from the route catalog page Activating or reversing a route places the selected route into route 0 and overwrites the existing active route To activate a route 1 Press and use to display the route catalog page 2 Rotate to display the route you would like to activate 3 Press twice and use to display activate Press IEA After travelling a route or creating a route with the GNC 250 s AutoStore feature the route activation field may be used to activate the route in reverse order To activate a route in reverse order 1 Press EEG and use to display the route catalog page 2 Use to display the route number you would like to reverse 3 Press GE twice and use to display reverse Press EEA ROUTES SECTION Deleting amp Activating Routes 1 Use to display the route number you would like to delete route 0 for the active route 118 95 121 75 rte B delete ETOF KOEC Farallel trk Deleting route 0 118 15 121 75 rte B reverse ETOP EKOEC Parallel trk Reversing route 0 63 SECTION ROUTES The route action field also features a copy function that permits you to copy any Copying Routes pymg no route to another open storage route The copy function can be used to save the con CPA Function tents of the active route route 0 to an open storage route To copy a route 1 Press RGM and use to display the route catalog page 2
109. ting is to display the nearest airport To change the reference waypoint field to display the nearest airport VOR NDB intersection user waypoint or the range and bearing from a user selected waypoint 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the proximity field after the fr 3 Use to choose which waypoint type you would like displayed Choose wt if you would like a specific waypoint range and bearing to be displayed 4 Press GE to remove the cursor or If you have selected wpt 5 Rotate to advance the cursor to highlight the identifier field 6 Use the and knobs to enter the identifier name This waypoint identifier can be an airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint Press Ea 7 Press to confirm the selection This allows any waypoints distance and bearing to be listed continuously on the position page and is especially useful when trying to locate your position on a sectional NAV KEY SECTION Reference 1 Waypoint Field ivdqg 118 90 alt 18615 H39 GR ooo WENST BB oo rapt EID 29 11339m Position page displaying the nearest airport KIXD as the reference waypoint lvdqg 118 50 alt 18814 HS 3 Ae ooo WAS Be oo Wet TOP 163 26 94 ta Position page displaying the TOP VOR as the ref erence waypoint This configuration can be used to help monitor your distance and radial to a way point of your c
110. tion can be displayed in the time field e eta Estimated Time of Arrival at the active to waypoint e ete Estimated Time Enroute to the active to waypoint e trk Track or the direction of movement relative to the ground e vn Vertical Navigation or VNAV If VNAV has been activated this field indicates either the elapsed time before the VNAV maneuver is to begin or the VNAV altitude the suggested altitude you should be fly ing in order to complete the maneuver NAV KEY Configuring the CDI Page SECTION I NORTH WPT 1 WPT 2 SECTION NAV KEY CDI amp To change any of the selectable fields on the CDI page NAVCOM Pages 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the field you would like to change 3 Rotate to change the field to display the desired information 4 Rotate to highlight another field or to finish 118 490 14430 KACY ats 186 40 arr i de0 bra arr 13425 bra The NAVCOM page lists the frequencies for your departure or nearest and arrival airports in the following order Departure Arrival a ae ae The next page available from the GNC 250s NAV key is the navigation com e Unicom bt x 7 lt Ans Approach munications NAVCOM page The NAVCOM page provides a list of the airport Cledr nce Delivery Arival frequencies at your departure and arrival airports allowing conv
111. titude true airspeed function is also accessed from NAV Menu 1 Density altitude is the altitude at which your aircraft will perform depending on several environmental conditions including air pressure and total air temperature the tempera ture including the effect of speed read on a standard outside temperature gauge on most aircraft True airspeed considers the same factors True Airspeed To calculate the density altitude and true air speed 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight Dalt tas 11840 124s Teir Plan Daltetas 3 Press RM to access the density altitude page Fuel Plan Winds Wray Plan Chklist 4 Use and to enter the indicated altitude and press a Nav Menu 1 5 Use and to enter the calibrated airspeed cas Press Ea 6 Use and to enter the air pressure pres and press ERIA 118 40 124s ialt 1300 casiiig4 Presi 2945 tati 68T galt FABER tas 11354 7 Use and to enter the total air temperature 8 Press and the density altitude and true airspeed will be calculated and displayed Density Altitude True Airspeed Page 9 Press Gap to remove the cursor If your installation includes components to provide any of the information 11840 Le4 q5 equired on the density altitude page they will be used as the defaults WEEE LU E DAL sai ds gs 140 flow 180 The fuel planni
112. ude alert The waypoint com configuration CI or correctness The G must delete existing waypoint comments before adding new ones The GNC 250 has detected a failure in its installation configuration memory Data from he user memory has been used to reset the eck the installation settings e message persists nit is not usable and should be taken authorized service center for The GNC 250 has detected a problem with he data card The data is not usable and the card should be returned authorized GARMIN service center The user data card failed to program The card should be returned to a GARMIN service center C 250 has detected poor satellite geometry while RAIM is not available fth ent memory is full You the o an epair Fuel Air input fail o Jeppesen or an Inside SUA Invald CPA wpt authorized Additional cross checking with a secondary verify The G The G progra be take Planning page navigation source should be performed to he integrity of the GPS position C 250 is in the simulato must not be used for actual navigation C 250 has detected a failure while ming its installation co memory The unit is not usable and should to an authorized service center The suggested altitude is within 1000 feet of he final altitude entered on the VNAV Invalid copy route mode and Invalid CPA route figuration Invalid SAR route appre
113. ue air speed calc e Winds aloft calculations e Checklists To display NAV Menu 1 1 Press EMM 2 Rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed Trip Plan is the first function listed on NAV Menu 1 and allows the pilot to view distance ESA bearing and estimated time enroute ETE between any two waypoints and for programmed route legs The ground speed can be varied manually to calcu late several possible ETEs To use the trip planning function 1 Press QQ and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GE twice then GM to access trip planning 3 Rotate to select waypoint mode or desired route number and press EEA 4 For direct to navigation use and to enter the to and from waypoints Press to accept the waypoints To use your present position as a waypoint leave the way point field blank 5 For route calculations choose either cum for cumulative data from beginning to end or the leg desired by rotating 6 Use and to enter the ground speed Press BEN to calculate the values and to finish NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 1 Trip Planning Fuel Plan Winds Wav Plan Chklist NAV Menu 1 118 490 124s WFE O LU Po a Aa Hdim oss Ay ESA re i ete i Trip Planning Page 118 90 124 15 WFE EIRD KTCS P4H 68S 51m as 120 esa 1446085 ete Sidd Trip planning with values calculated SECTION NAV KEY Density Altitude amp The density al
114. uelch control is not available To override 1 Press Whenever the and standby freq the automatic squelch control he FEM key Press BMJ again to return to au ency fields If the microphone is stuc keyed position or if the headsets continue to transmit radio will timeout Stuck mic Tx dis bled message as long as the stuck co omatic squelch GNC 250 is transmitting a tx icon will appear between the active k or accidentally left in the fter the key is released the after 35 seconds of continuous broadcasting You ll also receive a ndition exists COMM FEATURES SECTION Auto Tuning Volume amp Squelch 1189s 121 75 TX indicating radio transmission SECTION COMM FEATURES Emergency Channel Selection Teiso 11645 eeeeeTeeeee ag r170 dis 13506m trek 231 ao totKICT ete 1 08 The emergency channel will appear in the active field The GNC 2505 emergency channel select feature provides a quick method of selecting the 121 5 MHz frequency as the active frequency in the event of an in flight emergency The emergency channel select is available whenever the unit is on regard less of GPS or cursor status or loss of the display To automatically tune for emergency transmission 1 Press and hold the BJ key for more than two seconds 32 Section 3 Waypoint and Database Information The GNC 250 uses a Jeppesen NavData card to provide position an
115. using the ENT and knobs Experiment with them and become It is also used to confirm information such as during power on efficient in entering data with the concentric knobs This will greatly reduce the amount of time required The cursor key is used to activate or deactivate the cursor in the separate to navigate with the GNC 250 areas of the GNC 250 Pressing once will activate the cursor in the fey comm window and enable the pilot to change frequencies Pressing again will activate the cursor in the GPS window indicated by flashing characters in a GPS window field It is used to highlight fields for data entry changing information or cycling through available options The outer knob is used to advance through pages advance the cursor or move through data fields The inner knob is used to change data or scroll through information that cannot fit on the screen all at once O viii The GARMIN GNC 250 is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accurate navi gational data and communication capability along with a host of database information at your fin gertips The Takeoff Tour is designed to familiarize you with the operation of the GNC 250 including powering up the unit changing frequencies entering data and performing a simple direct to and a limited introduction to the Nearest functions In addition this section also briefly covers the position CDI and frequency pages available f
116. utes INTRODUCTION Table of Contents vi Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings J key 0 0 0 00 0 71 Appendix A NavData and User Data Card Use oo cee ee eee 81 Appendix B Installation and Maintenance of the GNC 250 83 Appendix C Simulator 4 26 0 es 5 d4 eee oes bei e eee as ese 84 Appendix D GNC 250 Abbreviations and Messages 86 Appendix E Specifications 0 0 eee 94 Appendix F Map Datums 0 00 cee eee ee eee 95 Appendix G Index oii ck vac ydesinercer dasdees ies i ahanreys 97 GARMIN is fully committed to your satisfaction as a customer If you have any questions regarding the GNC 250 please contact our customer service department at GARMIN International Inc 9875 Widmer Rd Lenexa KS 66215 1239 913 599 1515 FAX 913 599 2377 Hoe NRST RTE WPT NAV d Key and Knob Functions he power volume knob controls unit power and radio volume The squelch button activates automatic squelch control The direct to key performs an instant direct to allows you to enter a waypoint and sets a direct course to the destination The nearest key is used to obtain information on the 9 nearest airports VORs NDBs intersections user waypoints and 2 nearest FSSs he nearest key also accesses any active SUA information See Section 4 for more information on the nearest waypoints The route key enables you to c
117. varions The fuel and or air data input is n o the GNC 250 Check the I O settings or fuel air data system installation You have entered a Special Use Airspace The closest point of approach cannot be created from the waypoint e This occurs when the computed point does not MESSAGES amp ntered o the CPA Page fall on one of the route legs or when a unique waypoint name for t cannot be found A non empty route operation A rou another The selected rou ations The selected rou two waypoints a operations e mus oute can be copied e contains less than two waypoints and canno he closes point of approach was selected for a copy be empty before oit be used for CPA oper e does not contain exactly nd ca not be used for SAR SECTION ot available 87 88 SECTION MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS Leg not smoothed Memory battery low Near SUA lt 2 nm Need alt press NAV Offset nav cancelled The upcoming leg is too short for smooth waypoint transitions Expect a rapid change in the CDI The battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible Failure to do so may result in loss of stored data including all user waypoints and routes Your position is within 2 nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will not take you
118. wice if necessary to obtain a cursor in the GPS window 2 Press QM to erase the name and then ENA to delete To scroll through the proximity waypoints list 1 Rotate with the flashing cursor inactive or use O with the flashing cursor active to scroll through the available proximity waypoints The scrolling arrow prompt will indicate the direction to scroll to view additional waypoints if available The third page available from the GNC 250s WPT key is the user waypoint list which can be used to quickly scan review rename or delete user waypoints To display the user waypoint list 1 Press Fi and use to display the user waypoint list 2 To scroll through the list rotate The total number of user waypoints is displayed at the top of the page with user waypoints listed two at a time in alphabetical order The scrolling arrow prompt located at the top left of the page will indicate which direction to scroll to view addi tional waypoints The status of each waypoint if applicable will be displayed to the right of the identifier A status will appear when it is the active to waypoint part of an active or stored route or a proximity waypoint To edit rename or delete waypoints the cursor must highlight the desired waypoint To highlight a waypoint 1 Press QD twice and use to highlight the desired waypoint To edit a highlighted waypoint 1 Press GM to obtain the waypoint position page Edit the w
119. you which type of data to replace You may choose check lists scheduler messages user waypoints proximity waypoints routes waypoint comments or all data 4 Rotate to select the type of data to replace You may either replace or update the information in the database Replacing the data will replace ALL user data with the data from the card Updating the data will not delete unrelated material but will only change what is necessary to use the data received from the user data card 5 Rotate to select either Replace or Update 6 Press to begin transferring data to the GNC 250 The GNC 250 will now transfer all of the data requested This may take a few minutes 7 To continue with more data transfer types repeat steps 4 5 and 6 Otherwise press when ok is highlighted 8 Turn the GNC 250 off and replace the user data card with a NavData card The GNC 250 is now ready for normal operation Appendix B Installation Removal and Maintenance of the GNC 250 The aviation rack is designed to allow easy removal of the GNC 250 This enables you to use the unit at home to create routes interface to a PC etc using an optional AC adapter To install the GNC 250 into the aviation rack 1 Insert a 3 32 allen wrench in the small hole adjacent to the dual knob 2 Rotate the wrench counterclockwise until it stops to ensure the pawl latch is in the proper position 3 Insert the GNC 250 into the aviati
120. zer and or pilot controlled light ing frequencies To view the runway page from any of the airport information pages 1 Rotate with the flashing cursor removed to display the runway page 2 To view additional runway information rotate with the flashing cursor removed The scrolling arrow prompt located beside the identifier field indicates which direction to scroll for additional runway information If a localizer and ILS are used on the same runway rotating will display both sets of information The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport runway page Runway surfaces e hard Hard concrete asphalt etc e seal Sealed surface e dirt Dirt surface e unkn Unknown surface e turf Turf grass e grav Gravel surface soft Unknown soft surface e watr Water landing site Runway lighting e pt lights Part time lights e ft lights Full time lights epc Pilot controlled with frequency e no lights No runway lighting VOR Information The GNC 250 features three VOR waypoint pages VOR identification allows entry of desired VOR by identifier facility name or city displays region and or country of facility VOR position allows entry of desired VOR by identifier displays latitude longitude and frequency provides magnetic variation weather broadcasts and DME TACAN information VOR comments allows entry of desired VOR by identifier displays user comments for

Garmin 250 GPS Receiver User Manual

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