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Fujitsu C120-H007-06EN Computer Drive User Manual

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1. Instantaneous transformer interruption free NE NE Transformer selector switch AC DC DC AC a Manual selector switch iji Battery Ng Distribution Instantaneous interruption free Panel bypass selection circuit High voltage Maintenance bypass circuit Server system Emergency F Server system power Server system generator 6 PNE M e Air conditioner e E i thre Emergency light etc SON GRUSS A LIN VER Other loads Figure 6 2 System based on a UPS and an independent power generator C120 H007 05EN 69 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 2 Systems that can tolerate a service disruption If a server system can tolerate a service disruption caused by power interruption or voltage variation install a transformer dedicated to that system isolated from the secondary terminals if the system runs at 200 V or grounded to a neutral phase wire if it runs at 400 V a Transformers dedicated to 200 V server systems Table 6 3 contains descriptions of the types of transformers dedicated to 200 V server systems and their schematic views Table 6 3 Transformers for 200 V server systems Transformer dedicated Case Schematic view to a server system A dedicated high to low voltage Install a contact High voltage line transformer can be installed prevention transformer er ontact prevention transformer that has an output volage Darin Server system
2. Equipment height Ceiling height Up to 1 8 m 5 9 ft 2 3 m 7 5 ft or higher Above 1 8 m 5 9 ft but not exceeding 2 0 m 6 6 ft 2 5 m 8 2 ft or higher C120 H007 05EN 17 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 2 18 3 2 Free access flooring The construction of free access floors is reviewed with respect to the following items Raised floor height Strength and surface material of free access floor panels Opening for server system use Installation of floor panels for a building air conditioner Each item is described as follows 1 Raised floor height Regarding the raised floor height of a free access floor the following factors require consideration Availability of underfloor ventilation Cabling height Safeguards against earthquakes Table 2 2 lists suggested raised floor heights for free access floors Table 2 2 Raised floor heights of free access floors Condition Raised floor height Room ventilation Erected directly on the free access floor Optional earthquake free legs that absorb the energy of earthquakes installed to protect against earthquakes 180 mm 7 in or higher Clamped from under the free access floor to protect against earthquakes 250 mm 10 in or higher Underfloor ventilation Erected directly on the free access floor Optional earthquake free legs that absorb the energy of earthquakes installed to protect against e
3. 00 0000 cee 83 6 5 2 Distribution panel breakers 0 0000 0c eee eee 83 6 5 3 Distribution panel structure 0 0 0 000000 cee eee 84 6 6 Distribution Lines 20 00 87 6 6 1 Induced noise control llli 87 6 7 Share of Responsibility for Construction in a Computer Room 88 6 8 Distribution Line Insulation Testing lessen 89 C120 H007 05EN vii Contents 6 8 1 Test VONAGE s edes Aw Eu Caw wee TEES Mes ox eO Bae He 89 6 8 2 Phase and grounding cable insulation test 89 6 8 3 Interphase insulation testing 00 00 eee eee 89 CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning 91 7 1 Protection of AC Line 0000 cee 92 7 2 Protection of Signal EIres x ee Caw REUNIR ERAN 94 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions anaana anaana aaaea 95 9 17 Basic CONCEPIS ss oes eere rere ac REPERI CRUISE PAR RUE E 95 8 1 1 Levels of security ioco ke x ER ee bbe REX RR RR ERG 95 8 1 2 Objects Of security uoce eee Mowe ee ER aie eee ex ES 96 8 1 3 Kinds of disasters 0 000000 ee 97 8 2 DetallS e o e x bc ac dared Sauk ae kal bloke sya CR kes 97 8 271 FRE o b uet d ote oo d ecce dite RS eb a e dh ge 97 8 22 Earthquakes oe px ERR Ie PY REC dled eate 101 8 2 3 Water damage cs ied RR ERR SER RRRIAXEEES RR 102 S24 Bulglaty iia x etc e e cg a eto e E RUN 104 8 2 5 vRat
4. 107 converting frequency 0 cece eee eee 67 Voltage 4 4 ou dx ie lh oe ee e aed 67 corrosive 9 S co gu velie pe x ios 43 D device support planning 3 o eT RT EC 56 direct blowing 4 5v dias XD 35 disasters caused by human neglect 11 discharge uu esses retta ado d 74 distribution Line 000 87 distribution line insulation testing 89 distribution panel 31 83 breaker socii ska oet edie cheat 83 free standing 000 eu 84 grounding terminal 79 wall mounted slessss 84 drainages rerea repe n mae 10 duct blowing 522 25 2e Re dss E 35 GUST a aes eati d aree tA Lodo olt 24 43 Custildixe cuta ak ees Pa dei iaa 30 dustproof finishing 17 E earthquake ini iasa aaa EER 101 earthquake proof 000 0s 10 electric field 1d io saa ERR 62 electrostatic control in the computer room 63 111 Index equipment templates icr DI E e 25 escape facility 008 100 escape passage 008 100 F facility control panel 31 O eaa a eee a a a a ae 11 97 fire extinguisher 00 0 99 fire extinguishing equipment 99 fire extinguishing facility 14 TikepEOOfID sc ccna eia Mares eee ae eee 11 fixed fire extinguishing equipment 100 FIXUS ii So rc ure ooo eae AC DEN Sas 28 floor panel f
5. Emergency opening and closing of the data storage room door Fire prevention control standards and specific duties for the fire prevention supervisor and the fire manager Private fire brigade and fire fighting drills Maintenance and inspection of fire fighting and escape facilities The points of fire preventive actions for data storage rooms are Provisions should be made for cutting off the supply of lighting power to the data storage room when it is not used to prevent the occurrence of fires caused by power leaks The storage warehouse must be such that the internal temperature will not rise above 60 C 140 F and that it will not allow the entry of any corrosive gases and vapor that may be generated in a fire so as to preserve the data recorded on the stored media Earthquakes Earthquakes of any strength can occur at any time over a broad area Because big earthquakes can cause secondary disasters earthquake control should provide measures against fire and water damage as well as against overturning and collapse To minimize the effects of earthquakes the building that houses the server system should be located in a less quake stricken district But the most effective earthquake control action is to augment the earthquake proofing of the building itself C120 H007 05EN 101 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions 8 2 3 Common buildings are designed pursuant to the Building Standards Law and other relevant law
6. 1 2 Computer Room Installation Planning 1 2 Computer Room Installation Planning Computer room installation requires prior device support planning and support staff assignment 1 2 1 Device support planning Regarding the method of supporting device the following items must be planned 1 Configuration of the server system and equipment to be added Environmental specifications for each room such as dimensions mass voltages power requirements heat dissipation and temperature and humidity conditions Scale templates for planning device layouts Kinds numbers and length limitations of signal cables used to connect devices installed between rooms 2 Quantities of storage media to be stored CD DVD MO magnetic tapes floppy disks printed forms etc 3 Quantities of supplies and consumables to be stored Print forms ink ribbons toner photo conductive drums etc 4 Quantities of spare parts and maintenance tools to be stored 5 Storage space for user s manuals 6 Staff and visitor access management scheme 7 Policy on carrying media and supplies in and out of the computer room 1 2 2 Support staff assignment To proceed the installation planning smoothly an installation planning group comprises the appointed staff of the user organization and Fujitsu is needed to be organized C120 H007 05EN 3 CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 Regarding the required staff i
7. C120 H007 06EN SPARC M10 Systems SPARC Enterprise PRIMEQUEST COMMON INSTALLATION PLANNING MANUAL co FUJITSU FOR SAFE OPERATION Handling of This Manual This manual contains important information regarding the use and handling of this product Read this manual thoroughly Use the product according to the instructions and information available in this manual Keep this manual in hand for further understanding Fujitsu makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from suffering from damages to their property Use the product according to this manual ABOUT THIS PRODUCT This Product is designed developed and manufactured as contemplated for general use including without limitation general office use personal use and household use but is not designed developed and manufactured as contemplated for use accompanying fatal risks or dangers that unless extremely high safety is secured could lead directly to death personal injury severe physical damage or other loss hereinafter High Safety Required Use including without limitation nuclear power core control airplane control air traffic control mass transport operation control life support weapon launching control You shall not use this Product without securing the sufficient safety required for the High Safety Required Use If you wish to use this Product for High Safety Required Use please consult with sales representatives
8. rate of 220 m3 min 7770ft min Specific volume when calculated on the 24 18 C x 1 KJ kg C x 220 m basis of temperature min x 60 min h 0 84 m kg differences 75 2 64 4 F x 0 24 Btu Ib F x 7770 ft min x 60 min h 13 5 ft Ib Enthalpy of the air at the i 745 4 kJ kg Determine the enthalpy at 24 C 75 2 F conditioner inlet 19 5 Btu lb and 45 RH from the air line diagram C120 H007 05EN 49 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning Table 4 7 Examples of underfloor ventilation air conditioner cooling capacity calculations 2 2 Item Calculated value Calculation method Enthalpy of the air 1s 39 3 kJ kg Determine the enthalpy at 18 C 64 4 F coming out of the air 16 9 Btu Ib and 65 RH from the air line diagram conditioner Air conditioner sensible 95 9 MJ h 90900 Btu h ata flow i 15 x Flow rate Specific volume heat cooling capacity rate of 220 m min 7770ft min 6 1 kJ kg x 220 m min when calculated on the x 60 min h 0 84 m kg basis of sensible heat 2 6 Btu lb x 7770 fe min enthalpy difference x 60 min h 13 5 ft3 Ib 4 4 4 Convenient formulas for air conditioning capacities Table 4 8 lists convenient formulas for the capacity of air conditioners installed in a computer room Because a proportion of the thermal load comes from sensible heat the capacity and number of air conditioners required can be dete
9. x means not fit Among the uses of power supply facilities the reduction in leakage current and freedom from power failures are highlighted below C120 H007 05EN 67 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 1 Reduction in leakage current Computers are equipped with a line filter in their power input terminals to absorb both external and internal electric noise If a common commercial power source is connected to a computer leakage current will flow to the grounding cable of the computer In a system built by connecting multiple computers with one another the total leakage current flowing to ground across the system must be compliant with IEC60435 and IEC60364 Notes Leakage current can be classified as follows Equipment leakage current This equipment inherent current is observed at equipment grounding terminals when power with the frequency voltage characteristics of a commercial power supply is applied The values of the current must be in accordance with the operating manuals for the respective equipment Ground leakage current This current flows to ground in actual system operation and it differs from the total equipment leakage current depending on the method of distribution line grounding The floating current of the system has an effect on this current The rules of ground leakage current in the system must meet the rules of each country and be compliant with IEC60435 and IEC60364 2 Freedom from power f
10. nonuniform distribution of temperature and humidity may occur in the computer room Table 4 1 lists recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms C120 H007 05EN 39 CH 4 40 APTER 4 Air Conditioning Table 4 1 Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms Air Near the underfloor air outlet Detection and regulation point e ons UE Humidity 96 UE Humidity Remarks Direct 24 2 C 7544 F 1455 blowing or duct blowing Underfloor 181 C 642 F 6545 Targeted Targeted About 45 The ventilation at at at 24 C temperature 24 C 75 F 75 F and humidity depend on the thermal load Combined 181 C 64 2 F 6545 24 2 C 75 4 F 4545 direct blowing or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation 3 3 Temperature and humidity recommendations for computer rooms Practical temperature and humidity recommendations that apply to changing the room temperature from the basic recommendations or to lowering the underfloor temperature in unattended areas where paper is not used are explained below 1 Changing the room temperature Before changing the room temperature of a computer room from the basic recommendations consider the following Keep the room humidity constant when direct blowing or duct blowing is used If underfloor ventilation and room air conditioning is combined keep the absolute
11. planning that pertain to the setup of SPARC Enterprise and PRIMEQUEST Installation and facility planning requires full review with Fujitsu representatives in charge according to the instructions presented herein This manual is intended for site planners preparing for the server system installation Use this manual to review server system installation plans or to run and administer the server system The reader is assumed to have some knowledge or experience in the server system installation planning Contents and Organization of This Manual This manual consists of 8 chapters one appendix one acronyms and abbreviations section and one index as below The manual contains general information and precautions required for the server system installation plans For information about specific SPARC Enterprise models and PRIMEQUEST models refer to the respective Installation Planning Manual CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview This chapter describes general requirements for the server system installation planning and for the facilities used to house the server systems CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites This chapter describes the recommended sites and structures and the buildings in which the server systems can be installed and the structures of the computer rooms CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout This chapter describes the procedures and precautions to take in laying out the server system equipment CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning This chapter desc
12. H007 05EN 105 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions 8 3 Maintenance and Management of Disaster Control Facilities Long term maintenance and management of disaster control facilities are essential to putting them to use in emergencies Poorly maintained and managed disaster control facilities have been ineffective in numerous instances in the past leading to large scale disasters As mentioned in the text supervisors and managers should be appointed to ensure periodic maintenance and inspections 106 C120 H007 05EN Appendix A Conversion Information Units of Measure Conversion Fraction to Decimal Equivalence A 1 Units of Measure Conversion To use the table below find the original unit in the first column the new unit in the second column then multiply the original value by the number in the third column Table A 1 Units of measure conversion To Convert Into Multiply By Btu hr kcal hr 0 252 tons Btu hr 12 000 kW Btu hr 3412 1 Btu hr hp 3 929 x 10 kVA 3 phases Amps 1000 1 732 x Volts per phase Note 1 kVA 1 phase Amps 1000 Volts per phase Note 2 P F C x1 8 32 F aC F 32 1 8 m min ft min 35 3144 m2 amp 10 7639 m ft 3 2808 kg Ib 2 20 cm in 0 3937 in cm 2 54 kg m Ib ft 0 2048 Notel Volts is the phase to phase line to line voltage Note2 Volts is the line to neutral voltage C120 H007 05EN 107 App
13. When this occurs follow the procedure below to start operating the air conditioning 1 Bring the room air to the target temperature and humidity points slowly while dehumidifying the air with a high blow temperature setting and a low humidity setting Keep the dehumidifier stopped in the meantime If the room humidity does not fall below its target point before the dehumidifier is run the following are conceivable Failing to dehumidify the air because reheater that regulates the temperature after room air has been cooled may not operate Outside air penetrating the room through gaps In this case the facilities and building must be checked C120 H007 05EN 55 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 2 When temperature reaches the target range turn on the server system The humidifier may operate after the room temperature reaches a stable state 3 Example of stopping humidifier upon starting up of the server 4 5 6 56 system In underfloor ventilation if heat dissipation from server system during startup of the equipment leads transition of drive condition of the air conditioners and the room is dampened heavily so that the room is brought to high humidity dew condensation may be caused in the server system In such case to prevent high humidity or dew condensation stop the humidifier before turning on the server system restart the humidifier when the temperature is stabilized after server system is turned on Preventin
14. a crane depending on the structure of the delivery entrance of the building and the surrounding conditions of the building Prior consultation with the Fujitsu shipping coordinator is recommended 2 Computer room entrance and building passages The delivery entrance of the building into which equipment is to be carried in unpacked the intermediate passages of the access route and the entrance of the computer room must have the values specified below The entrance of the computer room and the building passages should have a height of at least 20 cm 8 in more than the assumed equipment height The entrance of the computer room and the building passages should have a width of at least 30 cm 12 in wider than an equipment width Besides this the followings need to be taken into consideration Enough space for negotiating corners along building passages Whether the elevator s of the building is available C120 H007 05EN 15 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 3 Withstand load and protection of the access route 2 2 6 2 3 2 3 1 16 The withstand load of the access route should be large enough to support the mass and transportation activity concerning the server system At the time of transportation the floor and wall surfaces along the access route may require protection Water and fuel stocks The quantities of water and fuels to be kept in stock should be calculated by taking into account the number of
15. below is laid under the raised floor near the power distribution panel as shown in Figure 6 6 This reduces electrical noise from other equipment For whether the site requires implementation of grounding plate consult with the Facility section Note Grounding plate conducts by high capacitance conductive sheet covering over copper plate C120 H007 05EN 81 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities Shared grounding trunk cable E P Power cable Grounding bus nues Power driven device 1 Power driven device 2 PN 2 Grounding cable Other facilities Server system noise ye Power cable Free access floor Grounding box Main grounding terminal Grounding cable lt Grounding plate Concrete flooring Figure 6 6 Grounding plate method 82 C120 H007 05EN 6 5 Distribution Panels 6 5 Distribution Panels This section describes distribution panels 6 5 1 Distribution panel location 1 Computer room distribution panel A distribution panel must be installed in the computer room to distribute power to the server system components 2 Location The distribution panel must be located near the entrance and where it will not interfere with operation 3 Distribution panels for a larger system For a larger system distribution panels installed at several points in the room is recommended 6 5 2 Distribution panel breakers A circuit breaker must be used in ea
16. dead 38 TGCIlU s e niu ir oae tur reat tite Feria 13 DIDI soo rece dii we A A 29 CHAI o ec ee ue 6 Tila 29 airborne dust 51x rao eut 43 asphalt waterproofing 102 automatic burglar alarm 105 automatic fire alarm 6 98 auxiliary Support 00005 19 B base floor cleaning 0 22 base floor strength 17 computer room 0 000 9 bearmistrenglli cocer hec eX 9 buffer Zone 1 eee eee 11 bulldingds eu rex Ce ond Eo sce mad Beate 8 JOCATION 4 4 seS aids Doe ad her Reate 7 SIFUCIU IO ceu ce re Mada ele Mew eden a 9 b rglaV odas tea o toque ree 104 C calculating power required 04 66 rush cuentes encata voa Ee ee 66 ceiling height 2 17 characteristic of computer room air conditlonilg is 53 va eode UE pak deeted 33 column strength 00055 9 combined use of direct or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation 37 C120 H007 05EN commutating load 04 73 computer room installation llle 2 installation planning 3 location cse Suede eres Lied Onna ai 12 SUUCIUNG Sic bits ets d acon Mew eis 16 conditions for using mobile phone 0 00 005 62 consideration for burglary prevention 105 for fire prevention 101 for water damage prevention 103 conversion information
17. facilities should be provided to ensure uninterrupted functionality of the server system b Structure The building in which a server system is installed must be so structured to protect the server system from the effects of the following Damage from storms and flooding Fire fighting water Water leaking from the roof Water flowing from stairways Water leaking from water facilities in the upper floor s Water leaking from the water pipelines above the ceiling C120 H007 05EN 2 2 Buildings Water leaking due to clogged drainage pipelines on the roof or in the upper floor s C Preventing water leakage from air conditioning facilities Because air conditioning facilities commonly involve the use of water as in coolant pipelines humidifying feed water and water generated as a result of dehumidifying they would require measures to prevent water leakage These measures include Embankments surrounding air conditioning facilities and detection of water leakage inside the embankments Detection of water leakage from water pipes 4 Fires a Fireproofing Buildings should be made fireproof b Buffer zones Buffer zones should be provided to avoid the effects of fires in the neighborhood c Effects of fires in the neighborhood Regarding the effects of smoke and heat caused by fires in the neighborhood following circumstances must be reviewed From the standpoint of security computer rooms and media storag
18. from one individual to another but it is generally about 2 0 kV kilovolt An electrostatic discharge of 2 0 kV or lower should not affect the server system Electrostatic control in the computer room To inhibit the generation of static electricity choose flooring that is rarely charged with static electricity and use humidity control For computer room flooring surface materials see Table 2 3 For suggested computer room humidities see Table 4 1 and Section 4 3 3 Temperature and humidity recommendations for computer rooms C120 H007 05EN 63 6 1 6 1 1 C120 H007 05EN CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities This chapter deals with input power requirements power supply facilities uninterruptible power supplies UPS grounding distribution panels distribution lines and the share of responsibility for construction work Operational stability of a server system requires a good quality power supply Power supply facilities that match the power requirements of the server system must be selected to suit the importance of the server system s operation Input Power Requirements This section describes input power requirements power requirement and a method for calculating rush current Input power requirements Input power at the input power terminals of equipment must satisfy the requirements listed in Table 6 1 For unit specific input voltage power requirement and rush current specifications refer to the relevant Installat
19. in charge before such use RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT The following notice is for EU users only WARNING This is a product which meets Class A of EN55022 In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures The following notice is for USA users only This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area 1s likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense C120 H007 05EN TRADEMARKS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries The contents of this manual shall not be disclosed in any way or reproduced in any media without the express written permission of Fujitsu Limited All Rights Reserved Copyright FUJITSU LIMITED 2002 2011 C120 H007 05EN Revision History 1
20. of 200 V and is dedicated N Dedicated L Server system to the server system The L Server system secondary terminal of the transformer shall be isolated High to low voltage Install a separate High voltage line transformer that is shared with transformer that has an CET other power supplies output voltage of 200 V iz hy Daan Server system and is dedicated to the N Dedicated Server system server system near the Server system distribution panel The Bee ees Other power loads secondary terminal of the transformer shall be isolated 70 C120 H007 05EN 6 2 Power Supply Facilities b Transformers dedicated to 400 V server systems Table 6 4 describes the types of high to low voltage transformers that can be dedicated to 400 V server systems and those that can be shared with other power supplies Table 6 4 Transformers dedicated to 400 V server systems Case Transformer dedicated to a server system Schematic view A dedicated high to low voltage transformer can be installed Install a transformer in the power receiving transformer room If the power receiving transformer room is not close to the computer room install a separate transformer near the distribution panel in the computer room The secondary terminal of the separate transformer shall be grounded to a neutral phase wire High voltage line Dedicated c Separate transform
21. top floor is not suitable since top floor would be influenced by the effects of heat from the rooftop and ambient air temperatures 3 Sunshine requirements Computer rooms do not have any special sunshine requirements because they typically house a limited staff of operators and a large set of devices 4 Power supply Computer rooms installed in buildings should be so located to afford access to the required power source 5 Air conditioning Computer rooms installed in buildings should be so located to afford access to air conditioning 2 2 3 Spaces 12 Regarding the spaces pertaining to buildings in which server systems are to be installed the following items among others should be considered The space in which the server system is to be installed The space through which the server system will be moved The space where additional peripheral equipment or other server systems will be installed C120 H007 05EN 2 2 4 2 2 Buildings The space used for signal and telecommunication lines in the building Recording media storage room Office room needed for systems administration and development Storage rooms for supplies and spare parts Access control room Facilities Considerations pertaining to facilities are summarized below 1 Power supply facilities The power supply facilities should distribute enough power to meet the requirements of the server systems and associated facilit
22. ventilation 36 37 49 UPS load specification 0 73 requirement lese 72 terminating requirement 74 V VIDFANOM s 2 2 etate aes Ra ea 10 voltage conversion 0055 67 voltage regulator 005 30 W water Gamage scree fus ee e irae 10 102 cjr PT M 16 water leaking from air conditioner 103 from supply drainage pipe 103 window structure 00005 102 wiring IOBlloos ilum luu aS 26 VOlUie 4 5 eene Poet Dee rn d 26 113 Reader s Comment Form We would appreciate your comments and suggestions for improving this publication Date Publication No C120 H007 05EN Your Name Publication Name SPARC Enterprise Company PRIMEQUEST Common Address Installation Planning Manual City State Zip Phone Email address Your Comments Reply requested L1 Yes L1 No Please evaluate the overall quality of this manual by checking V the appropriate boxes Good Fair Poor Good Fair Poor Good Fair Poor Organization J a LP Useofexample UO OF L1 Legibility OO Lu Accuracy Q 1 Index coverage 4 OF l Binding Qu u Clarity 4 O Uu Cross Figures and tables C D L1 Overall rating of referencing Q LI Generalappearance C A L1 this publication OF OF LI Technical level J Too detailed J Appropriate I Not enough detail All comments and suggestions become the property of Fujitsu Lim
23. ventilation air conditioner dehumidifies the air by overcooling before regulating the temperature and humidity by heating and humidifying C120 H007 05EN 37 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 3 4 3 1 38 Sometimes the underfloor ventilation air conditioner does not perform heating and humidifying but only cools the room air to the target temperature In this situation regulation of the temperature and humidity of the air in the room and under the floor can be accomplished by heating and humidifying the room air and the outside air after it has been dehumidified by overcooling by the underfloor air conditioner Figure 4 4 shows a schematic view of a combined system Air duct Return duct al oor ventilation n M Underfloor ventilation air conditioner air conditioner 7 Equipment X Equipment Equipment A Equipment 300 mm 12 in or more F Free access floor Temperature humidity sensor Temperature humidity sensor Dike Figure 4 4 Schematic view of a combined system Air Conditioning Conditions This section describes air conditioning conditions Permissible temperature and humidity ranges for server systems Each component of a server system has its own permissible temperature and humidity ranges within which its operability is guaranteed The prescribed temperature and humidity are those at the air vents of the component For the permissible temperature and humidity ranges see the Install
24. 0 T3 Ti Dry bulb temperature Absolute humidity Figure 4 8 Air condition in a psychrometric chart for a typical air conditioner Table 4 6 summarizes procedures that can be used to calculate the cooling capacities of a typical air conditioner from its characteristics and psychrometric chart 46 C120 H007 05EN 4 4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities The values in the table involve certain characteristic curve and air line diagram read errors Table 4 6 Examples of typical air conditioner cooling capacity calculations 1 2 Item Calculated value Calculation method Enthalpy of the air at the ij7454 kJ kg Determine the enthalpy at 24 C 75 2 F and conditioner inlet 19 6 Btu Ib 45 RH from the air line diagram Enthalpy difference Ai 16 7 kJ kg Determine the difference from typical air between the air conditioner 7 2 Btu Ib conditioner characteristics coil inlet and the coil surface Enthalpy on the air conditioner coil surface i5728 7 kJ kg 12 4 Btu Ib Determine the enthalpy from the air line diagram Air conditioner bypass factor BF 0 095 Determine the bypass factor from typical air conditioner characteristics Enthalpy of the air coming out of the air conditioner i4730 3 kJ kg 13 1 Btu Ib Calculate the enthalpy by solving the bypass factor relation BF i 15 1 15 Temperature and humidity at the inlet 24 C 75 2 F 45 Setup c
25. 05EN Specific heat of the air kJ kg C or Btu Ib F Specific volume of the air m kg or ft lb Air conditioner inlet air temperature Approximate temperature of the air on the coil surface of a room air conditioner Approximate bypass factor of a room air conditioner Conversion to minutes min h Outlet air temperature of an underfloor ventilation air conditioner 51 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 5 4 5 1 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners Air conditioners that are installed in computer rooms differ in many ways from those installed in general offices Precautions specific to installing air conditioners in a computer room are summarized below Humidifier The reason a humidifier is needed types of humidifiers available and humidifiers used with underfloor ventilation air conditioners are described below 1 Why a humidifier is needed In the winter time drops in the relative humidity of the air in the computer room make it more susceptible to the generation of static electricity To prevent this a humidifier must be installed to raise the relative humidity of the room air 2 Types of humidifiers and replacement water 52 Use of a humidifier that generates steam by boiling water is recommended Using a boiling humidifier will cause impurities in the water to be precipitated and should have automatic or periodic discharge and replacement of the water A spraying humid
26. 05EN 99 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions b Fixed fire extinguishing equipment Fixed fire extinguishing equipment includes sprinklers and carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment A sprinkler normally tripped on detecting heat is not suitable for extinguishing fires in their early stages but can be useful as a last resort for putting out fires A preaction sprinkler is recommended because a sprinkler that is constantly filled with water is liable to spray water accidentally upon contact In a computer room furnished with sprinklers piping is needed to drain any water that is sprayed A pushbutton switch should be installed near the computer room access door to allow operators to turn off the server system and air conditioner before the sprinklers are tripped Fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment is superior in that it does not cause the contamination associated with other fire extinguishing agents but their use should be accompanied by other safety provisions such as creating an escape passage and issuing escape alarms to ensure the safe escape of the occupants of the room 4 Escape facilities 100 The fire escape facilities that need to be maintained are listed below Daily escape drills are important including practice in handling of the escape equipment a Escape facilities If the computer room is located in the basement or on any floor between the second and the tenth floor of the building one of the follo
27. 1 Revised section Edition Date Details Added Deleted Altered 01 2002 10 31 02 2005 09 15 Entire manual Altered Technical brush up Modification of the manual title Addition of PRIMEQUEST Section 3 3 2 Modification of the concept of units Altered Added operational grouping Addition of description for concentration of small equipment Section 5 2 2 Added Addition of conditions for using mobile phones 03 2008 04 16 Entire manual Altered Modification of manual title Addition of description for SPARC Enterprise Deletion of description for PRIMEPOWER 04 2009 12 15 Section 4 3 5 Altered Modification of tolerable limit of Hydrogen sulfide gas 05 2011 11 25 Entire manual Altered Technical brush up Section 2 2 1 Altered Modification of the value for vibrations during earthquakes Section 4 3 5 Altered Modification of Table4 4 Section 4 3 6 Added Addition of the seawater salt damage Modification ofthe value for withstanding a horizontal seismic intensity Section 8 2 2 Added Addition of consulting department of an earthquake preparedness Reader s Comment Form Modification of the address for sending Altered back of the form Note In this table devised section is indicated by its section number in the C120 H007 05EN current edition An asterisk indicates a section in the old edition Preface This manual describes the requirements and concepts of installation and facility
28. 1 Psychrometric chart applicable to lowering the underfloor temperature eau des tir irte MEAE ae 42 Typical air conditioner characteristics 00 00 46 Air condition in a psychrometric chart for a typical air conditioner 46 Air condition in a psychrometric chart underfloor ventilation air 49 DIKG co bochcud utes Car Fas dcmum eo son eR epa ato Set aL a ra dated 56 System based on a UPS 00 ccc cee 69 System based on a UPS and an independent power generator 69 Cotmriuta ng load circuit esiti ma epu tpa p eta d agre 73 Method of grounding equipment 0 022 0 ee 77 Typical 100 Base T connection 00 20 cece eee 81 Grounding plate method 0 0 00 cece eee eee 82 Distribution panel free standing 0 2 cee eee eee 84 Distribution panel wall mounted cee eee eee ee 84 Round crimp terminal dimensions 00 00 00 cee aeee 86 Space around output terminal boards 0 86 Grounding connections within a distribution panel 87 Share of responsibility for construction in a computer room 88 Surge absorber power outlet connected type 93 Install surge absorber on the distribution panel s input side 93 Lighting control action when using external modem 94 Lightning control action for LAN cables sssue 94 Designating a
29. C 75 F dry bulb temperature and 45 relative humidity the ratings of air conditioners are usually stated at 27 C 81 F and 50 Hence it is more desirable to determine the cooling capacity of an air conditioner on the basis of its test data rather than its stated ratings Possible sources of thermal load that are imposed on air conditioners examples of cooling capacity calculations and convenient formulas to work out air conditioning capacities are described below Thermal load imposed on air conditioner The thermal load that is imposed on an air conditioner in a server room can generally be calculated by summing up the amount of heat dissipation listed in Table 4 5 Table 4 5 Sources of overload and amount of heat dissipation Source of heat Amount of heat dissipation Heat from the server system Amount of heat dissipation calculated from the specification of the individual devices Heat from the power supply Amount of heat dissipation from the stepdown facilities transformer automatic voltage regulator AVR or uninterruptible power supply UPS Heat from outside the room A computer room in a steel framed reinforced walls partitions windows concrete building built in Japan typically has a heat ceiling floor etc dissipation of about 420 kJ h per 1m 36 9 Btu h Heat from outside am taken in per 1 f2 from natural ventilation etc This approximate value depends on the district in
30. C 77 4 F 40 to 48 change the duct blowing flow rate and underfloor 20 1 C 68 2 F 5845 26 2 C 79 4 F 40 to 45 Jeven if the ventilation underfloor temperature is changed Figure 4 5 is an air line diagram depicting the relationships between the dry bulb temperature relative humidity and absolute temperature Dry bulb temperature 18 Relative humidity 19 20 C 64 66 68 F Figure 4 5 Psychrometric chart applicable to changing the room temperature 24 25 26 C 75 T TWF Absolute humidity C120 H007 05EN 41 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 2 Lowering the underfloor temperature In unattended areas where paper is not used and where only those devices that have broad permissible underfloor and room temperature and humidity ranges are installed the underfloor temperature may be lowered As an example in an unattended room associated with a large system installation involving multiple computer rooms hold the underfloor relative humidity to 70 or below to keep the room humidity at a lower level Table 4 3 summarizes the practical temperature and humidity recommendations that apply to lowering the underfloor temperature Table 4 3 Temperature and humidity recommendations lowering the underfloor temperature Air Near the underfloor air outlet Detection and regulation point conditioning Temperature Humidity Temper
31. ER 6 Power Supply Facilities 74 3 UPS terminating requirements UPS terminates when incorrect current is loaded overload When such circumstance is made the output cutoff circuit which prevents distribution of current exceeding the specification activates to drop voltage and the UPS stops Some components may generate higher load to stop UPS If this occurs input power to the components is switched to direct commercial power since UPS stops when overloaded As switching back input power to UPS rush current is generated then UPS stops again As such power supply can not be steady To avoid this review the specified overload value that UPS activates the circuit the mean and peak values and make sure to operate under the value 4 Effect of high frequency noise Normally UPS uses microwave switching method For this reason output noise and input noise around the components and reflection noise are generated These noises may cause components failure and data destruction of the nearby recording media Therefore following must be reviewed when selecting a UPS Input and output noise around the component is 4 V or less Reflection noise is 70 dB or less Do not place magnetic tapes and floppy disks on the UPS 5 Life span of a UPS built in battery The main type of battery built into a UPS is a lead acid battery Lead acid batteries have their own life spans and therefore Fujitsu recommends a service support
32. FPZ 100 2 2 LAN connection For the connection of outdoor LAN optical cable should be applied as shown in Figure 7 4 below Building A Building B SPARC Enterprise Optical cable PRIMEQUEST Figure 7 4 Lightning control action for LAN cables 94 C120 H007 05EN 8 1 8 1 1 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions With more sophisticated and extensive use of servers concern over the security of server systems has become increasingly important In an online application for example a disruption of the central system would degrade or shut down the functionality of the terminals which could have social or economic consequences depending on the nature of the application Alteration loss or theft of data can be considered an infringement on a person s property or privacy Thus the security of a server system is of foremost importance and a security system should be implemented to match the users requirements based on their objectives for using the server system and other relevant characteristics including the economic and social status of the users This chapter describes the basic concepts involved in security system Basic Concepts This section discusses levels of security objects of security and the kinds of problems that can be anticipated Levels of security The implementation of security begins by deciding on the level of security required or to what extent security must be ensured This is usually d
33. Heat from lighting fixtures which the building exists its structure the Heat from human bodies orientation of the room and other relevant conditions C120 H007 05EN 45 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 4 2 Example of cooling capacity calculations for room air conditioning Examples of cooling capacity calculations for an air conditioner flow rate 135 m min 4770 ft min running in a room air conditioning setup are given below The following values have been determined with respect to the rated capacity of 167 4 MJ h 158 700 Btu h The cooling capacity is 145 6 MJ h 138 000 Btu h 87 of the capacity rating The sensible heat capacity is 124 4 MJ h 117 900 Btu h 74 of the capacity rating Figure 4 7 shows typical air conditioner characteristics and Figure 4 8 shows the air condition in a psychrometric chart Flow rate Standard 135m min 4767 ft min K Cooling capcaitry MJ h T Di Enthalpy difference 145 6 138000Btu h 167 kI kg 50Hz 7 2 Btu lb A 0 095 Bypass factor BF Condensing temperature 40 C 104 F Inlet air wet bulb temperature 16 3 C 61 3 F WB 24 C 75 2 F 45 RH Figure 4 7 Typical air conditioner characteristics Enthalpy kJ kg Btu Ib Air line diagram i1 45 4 19 6 Relative humidity i 30 3 13 1 p 28 7 12 4 24 C 75 2 F 45 A 11 1 C 52 F 92 i4 43 2 18 6 me 49 5 F 10
34. a RE 30 3 5 Power Supply Facilities liliis 30 3 5 1 Power supply facilities for server system 30 3 5 2 Power supply facilities for air conditioners 31 3 5 3 Facility control panels 2 2 00 os ku hr tem hee Rm 31 3 6 Line and Signal Wiring Facilities 000500 32 3 6 1 Line facilitleS ere RR RR e n ats 32 3 6 2 Signal wiring facilities llle 32 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning LLuuuuuuuuuuiiiiilelseseeee 33 4 1 Characteristics of Computer Room Air Conditioning Ls 33 4 1 1 Constant temperatures and humidities 33 4 1 2 Air conditioning conditions and capacities 34 4 1 3 Service time and reliability leeren 34 4 2 Styles of Air Conditioner bode Rex er abe yee aw eae eee ee 34 4 2 1 nsirecbDIOWIDIGE e o2 3 2 io Jeter es bote wan eens sate etr 35 a 2 2 ISUCEDIOWITIg 22 istos ee aes ahd pA LAE A EINER s 35 4 2 3 Underfloor ventilation 0 0000 eee 36 4 2 4 Combined use of direct or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation 37 4 3 Air Conditioning Conditions 00 eee eee 38 4 3 1 Permissible temperature and humidity ranges for server systems 38 4 3 2 Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms 39 4 3 3 Temperature and humidity recommendations for computer rooms 40 4 34 MOUSE 29 date nee Reta s und wind wats et diu Sana Sen
35. ach server system to prevent extraneous noise coming from the distribution line or other grounding system lines The grounding cable facilities to be installed in the computer room must have dedicated grounding electrode Primarily the wiring from the dedicated grounding electrode through the distribution panel in the computer rooms must be implemented by the metal conduit installation method using the special insulated cables This ground wiring facility must not be shared with other facilities The grounding resistance of the dedicated grounding electrode and the grounding trunk cable must be as follows Grounding resistance of the dedicated grounding electrode 10 Q or less Size ofthe grounding trunk cable 22 mm AWG 4 or more C120 H007 05EN TT CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 78 2 Grounding in the buildings conforming with the IEC standards In the installation of server systems to the buildings based on the equal potential bonding principal of the IEC standards the server systems must be grounded using grounding facility shared with other facilities Because the ground is not the dedicated one the grounding trunk cables for the server systems are preferably branched from the grounding box near the grounding electrode the main grounding terminal If there is no way other than branching from the omnibus grounding cable nearest to the server systems please consult with Fujitsu Facility section because noise coun
36. acilities needed to keep the server system running successfully For water cooled air conditioners the location of the cooling tower and coolant piping to the air conditioner For air cooled air conditioners the location of the air cooled outdoor unit and refrigerant piping to the air conditioner Cooling water capacity to provide year round cooling for cases where only chilled water is available for cooling the building and no locations are available for installing a cooling tower or outdoor unit 3 Telecommunications equipment The area or telecommunications equipment room in which telecommunications equipment is to be installed need to be reviewed 4 Fire extinguishing facilities If fire extinguishing facilities are to be installed a particular area is needed to install them 2 2 5 Access routes 14 The process of installing a server system involves frequent carrying in and out of equipment at initial system setup the addition of more equipment upgrading and so on Before equipment is carried in consideration should be given to the surrounding conditions of the building the location where the equipment is to be unpacked how the equipment is to be carried in and temporary floor reinforcement along the access route To this end the user needs to review the access route from the opening in the building through which the equipment is carried into the computer room where the equipment is to be set up The Fujitsu shippi
37. age The air in the vicinity of coastal areas contains large amounts of airborne sea salt particles If these particles remain inside computers substances are formed by a condensation reaction of chemicals These substances and the humidity lead to insulation failure and the corrosion and deterioration of components and materials Therefore computers should be installed in locations at a distance from coastal areas The following outlines installation criteria for preventing salt water damage due to airborne sea salt particles Criteria The installation site shall not be within 0 5 km of the ocean or coastal areas unless the computer room uses air conditioners to filter out airborne sea salt particles from outside air C120 H007 05EN 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities The thermal load imposed on an air conditioner must include those coming from the power supply facilities and from the building as well as heat from the server system itself Air conditioning of computer rooms in comparison with normal offices is characterized by the following Sensible heat accounts for a greater percentage of the heat which causes temperature rises with lesser latent heat relating to outside air and vapor from human bodies The flow rate of the air conditioner needs to be able to cool sensible heat While the common room temperature and humidity requirements are 24
38. agreement for immediate battery replacement 6 Discharge of UPS built in battery Once a lead acid battery is completely discharged sufficient voltage cannot be generated even when recharged If this occurs replace the battery The battery in a UPS that supplies its control power from the battery may be in the discharged state if left on but not used for about five days because a power failure occurred or because it was in storage To prevent this the battery switch must be turned off when the UPS is not inuse Some UPSs automatically turn off the battery switch when they stop operating C120 H007 05EN 6 3 UPS Requirements 7 Requirements for power interruption The following specifications must be checked for selection of a UPS Most of UPS cannot be started up under circumstance of power interruption If such startup is required request the UPS manufacturer for modification When part of system components are connected to UPS and the rest of the components are connected directly to the commercial power the components connected to commercial power supply may generate incorrect signals and the components malfunction may occur 8 Leakage current If commercial power supply facilities have leakage shut off unit leak current from a UPS may activate the shut off unit In such case the following actions must be considered Increase the trigger voltage of the shut off unit Use a shut off unit which does not t
39. ailures Use of a UPS is recommended to keep the server system safe from power failures instantaneous voltage drops or instantaneous interruptions in the commercial power supply 68 C120 H007 05EN 6 2 Power Supply Facilities 6 2 2 Selecting power supply facilities Select power supply facilities to suit the available power source at the installation site and the operational importance of the server system 1 Systems that cannot tolerate service disruption a Power failure free system Use of a UPS is mandatory for server systems that cannot tolerate service disruption at any time even the instantaneous interruption or power failure of commercial power supply Figure 6 1 shows the configuration example of a server system which uses a UPS Instantaneous Shared interruption free transformer Transformer selector switch E CO AC DC DC AC J Manual selector switch i Battery eo Distribution Instantaneous interruption free Panel bypass selection circuit High voltage Maintenance bypass circuit Server system F Server system Server system eo Other loads Note Secondary side of UPS is isolated or neutral Figure 6 1 System based on a UPS b Long duration power failure free system A UPS combined with an independent power generator provides a solution for longer term power failures as shown in Figure 6 2 Shared
40. aining harmonics is about 2 8 times to the effective value It means that if effective value is 10 A the peak value is 28 A If the UPS is so designed that output voltage is regulated by resistor driving at 50 or less of the UPS s deliverable output voltage is needed Make sure that the rectifier has a mechanism that lowers the distortion peak value is about 2 8 times current passing the rectifier to 10 distortion factor at peak wave crest factor Also check this point for loads of transformers and motors linear amplifier As the conclusion the recommendable UPS rectifier load specification is Linear load or Peak to valley ratio at peak must not exceed 2 8 2 Prediction of rush current and load variation of the equipment Turning on the power to connected devices generates rush current For example a component operating at a steady state current of 3 A may generate a current of 30 A when it is turned on Even when connected devices generate rush current the UPS output voltage fluctuation must stay within 15 Special attention must be paid to cases where multiple devices are connected since the rush current generated by each connected device at its power on time may cause a UPS voltage drop and other components in operation may stop operating Therefore the rush current and load variability of the components must be reviewed together with the overcurrent detection specifications of the UPS C120 H007 05EN 73 CHAPT
41. al level encountered in a low level electromagnetic radiation environment For the example purpose In transmissions from a typical radio or TV station located 1 km 3000 ft away or farther In transmissions from a low power transceiver Conditions for using mobile phones Keep the main unit doors closed and stay 1 7 m 5 ft away from the main unit before using mobile phones Moreover since mobile phones automatically emit electromagnetic waves in response to incoming messages Fujitsu recommends keeping mobile phones switched off near the computing equipment C120 H007 05EN 9 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 5 3 Static Electricity Static Electricity Static electricity may be charged and kept in a person s body by the following conditions Through friction between shoes and floor as a result of his or her walking Through friction between clothes and body Also carts may be charged as a result of their movement When this static electricity is discharged to server system at a high charge voltage it could cause a malfunction Hence take steps to make the computer room less susceptible to electrostatic generation Recommended electrostatic voltage for a computer room It is best if the static electricity charge on human bodies or carts be kept at such level or lower that there is no discomfort to the people when there is a discharge For example it will not cause pain in the skin at discharge This is variable
42. arthquakes 300 mm 12 in or higher Clamped from under the free access floor to protect against earthquakes 400 mm 16 in or higher C120 H007 05EN 2 3 Computer Room Structure 2 Strength and surface material of free access floor panels Table 2 3 lists the strengths and surface materials suggested for free access floor panels Table 2 3 Strengths and surface materials of free access floor panels Item Condition Floor panel strength Deflection not exceeding 1 5 mm 0 05 in under a concentrated load of 4 9 kN 1100 Ibf Surface Suppression of Volume resistivity falling 10 to 10 Q material static electricity Oil resistance and Resistant to oils used during maintenance and easy to clean ease of cleaning Dust buildup Resistant to dust buildup characteristics 3 Opening for server system use That area of the free access floor in which a server system is installed requires a floor panel opening an auxiliary support and a slit floor panel When Fujitsu receives a free access floor allocation plan from the user after the finalization of an equipment layout it will furnish an opening diagram marked with an opening pattern an auxiliary support position and a slit floor panel position The user then proceeds with construction of the floor panel opening an auxiliary support and slit floor panel on the basis of this opening diagram a Floor panel opening That area of
43. at iine t bas hene b et CEE a aidie 8 2 1 3 Securesites artane de e a eens 8 2 2 BIUlldiItds 53 xo er hs eee E E R ata A at ha peut A asa 8 2 2 1 Building structures vexata s ss a sis d ae asecpcante bep es s 9 2 2 Computer room location 0200 eee 12 2 2 3 SPACCS ous on cR SER ROC ated Cede edite tiec Be 12 224 Facilities i eese tme etre OE p O4 ER E E a 13 2 25 Accessroutes eaid e llle 14 2 26 Water and fuel stocks 0 00 cece eee 16 2 3 Computer Room Structure 0 0 00 nee 16 2 3 1 Computer room structural requirements 16 2 32 Free access flooring 0 0 cee ees 18 2 9 9 IDtetlors Gye p osha pn RT Ole wile Mp av D IG MAW OR Beis 22 CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout ssesssssssss 25 3 1 Proposed Computer Room Top View 0 0000 cece eee 25 3 2 Equipment Templates 0 00000 eee 25 3 3 Precautions in Preparation of an Equipment Layout 26 C120 H007 05EN V Contents 3 3 1 Hardware constraints 0 000 eee 26 3 3 2 Operational considerations l l 26 3 4 AirConditioners 0 0 0 tenes 29 3 4 1 Air conditioning units 6s ease Soc eh Se RACE ore Bote a a 29 3 4 2 Air conditioning PIPING x kRe RR Re eek ee x RR eG 29 3 4 3 Heatdistribution 0 0 ee 29 3 4 4 Aircirculation 20 0 0c cee ee 29 3 4 5 IDUSUAG 24 voee edt eda eee hs me ge ee Rk Ree
44. ation Planning Manual for each device C120 H007 05EN 4 3 2 4 3 Air Conditioning Conditions Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms Keep the ambient temperature in the computer room at a level that feeds comfortable to the human body or somewhat lower This precaution will not only prevent local temperature rises in the computer room such as those caused by equipment which requires high heat dissipation or stagnant air circulation but will also allow some time before the upper limit temperature is reached even if the air conditioner fails In underfloor ventilation humidity considerations require special consideration Normal air contains vapor The higher the temperature is the lower the relative humidity is the lower the temperature is the higher the relative humidity is For example air at a temperature of 24 C 75 F with a relative humidity of 45 would have a relative humidity of 65 at a temperature of 18 C 64 F and could have a still higher relative humidity as the temperature falls Air conditioners are not designed to detect subtle changes in temperature and humidity in the entire computer room space Generally air conditioning is controlled by detecting and regulating the temperature and humidity at the main unit or at each of multiple air outlets An air conditioner installed for underfloor ventilation detects and regulates the temperature and humidity at a point near each air outlet As such a
45. ature Humidity Remarks setup C SIE C ils Underfloor 171 C 632 F 6545 Targeted Targeted About 42 The ventilation at24 C Jat 75 F at24 C 75 F temperature 1641 C 6142 F 6545 Targeted Targeted About 40 and humidity at 24 C jat 75 F at 24 C 75 F depend on the thermal load Combined use 171 C 6342 F 6545 2442 C 7544 F 42t596 of direct blowing or duct 16 1 C 61 2 F 65 5 2442 C 75 4 F 40 5 blowing and underfloor ventilation Figure 4 6 is an air line diagram applicable to lowering the underfloor temperature Dry bulb temperature 16 D Relative humidity z 65 45 8 42 2 40 e 6 lt 17 18 C 24 C 61 63 64 F 75 F Figure 4 6 Psychrometric chart applicable to lowering the underfloor temperature 42 C120 H007 05EN 4 3 Air Conditioning Conditions 4 3 4 Dust 1 Airborne dust Ensure that airborne dust does not exceed 0 15 mg m 0 004 mg ft Most server systems are designed to withstand this level of airborne dust This is the same as the permissible level for airborne dust in a general office and should be easily attainable in a computer room where there is little inflow of outside air and smoke 2 Removing dust Airborne dust is collected by air filters in the air conditioner For air filter see Section 4 5 2 Air conditioner filters The computer room must be periodically cleaned to remove dust on and under the floor Fo
46. ce marking A card holder is provided near each breaker to indicate the name of the associated device 4 Output terminal boards requirements The following list is output terminal board requirements Round crimp terminals must be connectable Screws should have a nominal metric screw head designation of M6 M8 or M10 The correspondence between breakers and output terminal boards must be identifiable The current rating of each output terminal board must be associated with the corresponding breaker Output terminal boards must have the dimensions listed in Table 6 8 Table 6 8 Output terminal board dimensions Round crimp terminal dimensions Bracke URS nel board L W qm rating dimensions pf mm in mm in mm in 100 A Round crimp terminal R38 10 141 5 1 634 22 0 866 10 3 0 406 is connectable 75 A Round crimp terminal R22 8 33 1 299 16 5 0 650 8 3 0 327 is connectable 50A Round crimp terminal R14 6 is 29 5 1 161 12 0 472 6 7 0 264 connectable 30A Round crimp terminal R8 6is 23 5 0 925 12 0 472 6 7 0 264 connectable 20A Round crimp terminal R8 6 is 23 5 0 925 12 0 472 6 7 0 264 connectable C120 H007 05EN 85 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities Round crimp terminal dimensions L W and d are shown in Figure 6 9 Fs J i d Figure 6 9 Round crimp terminal dimensions 5 Space around output terminal boards The space around o
47. ch a server system is to be installed should be conveniently located for systems development and administration afford good access to utility services such as electricity water and telephone lines and ensure security Sites convenient for systems development and administration When selecting sites conveniently located for systems development and administration take the following factors into consideration Commutation of the management and employees Communication with the related departments Traffic to and from subcontractors CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 2 1 2 2 2 Utility services When selecting sites that afford good access to utility services take the following factors into consideration Satisfactory availability of electric power No suspension or failure of water supplies or the availability of alternate measures for water supply Access to telecommunication lines Secure sites When selecting sites that offer a high degree of security take the following into consideration Among these factors those that threaten security will be described later The adverse effects of these factors can be minimized if the structural requirements for buildings or computer rooms are met Little occurrence of earthquakes with the effects therefrom minimal No danger of damage from flooding and snow Little occurrence of lightning Easy implementation of fire preventive measures No high level electr
48. ch branch circuit in the distribution panel Information about the number of branch circuits and circuit breaker capacitance is available from Fujitsu A UPS over current alarm could be issued if many components are turned on at the same time As such sequential startup using multiple distribution panels is recommended C120 H007 05EN 83 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 6 5 3 Distribution panel structure A distribution panel uses an output terminal strip to connect a power cable to each device Figure 6 7 and Figure 6 8 show typical distribution panel setups having output terminal boards Output terminal boards Front plate removable MSN Free access floor Cable outlet Power cable Figure 6 7 Distribution panel free standing Front plate removable Output terminal boards Cover removable Free access floor Power cable Figure 6 8 Distribution panel wall mounted The distribution panel structures and output terminal boards are described below 1 Output terminal board position Normally breakers are in the upper part of the distribution panel and output terminal boards are in the lower part so that connecting cables can be easily drawn from the output terminal boards to under the free access floor 84 C120 H007 05EN 6 5 Distribution Panels 2 Distribution panel front plate The front plate must be removable to allow for cable connection to the output terminal boards 3 Connected devi
49. city This chapter explains the electromagnetic environment conditions and electrostatic effects relevant to server systems Magnetic Fields CRT displays could be influenced by the magnetic fields generated by nearby power transformers electric wires carrying large current or any magnetized metallic objects Allowable magnetic field intensities of displays CRT displays vary in allowable magnetic field intensity depending on the size of the CRT resolution etc Typical values are Allowable AC magnetic field intensity About 1 uT Allowable DC magnetic field intensity About 50 uT to 60 uT C120 H007 05EN 59 CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity 5 1 2 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms Table 5 1 lists the possible sources of magnetic fields and the associated display screen faults Table 5 1 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms 1 2 driven equipment such as a motor Magnetic fields are generated by current flowing through the equipment Example AC magnetic field of 8 2 uT at a point 4 m 13 ft away from a transformer rated at 100 kVA Indoor electrical connections A separation of 2 m 7 ft from connections rated at 30 A or so will eliminate their effects Example AC magnetic field of 2 5 UT at a point 1 m 3 ft away from a connection that is not enclosed in a steel pipe High voltage transmission lines electric car overhead lines Example A hi
50. dedicated to other equipment Do not share with other facilities Distribution panel Isolate the primary grounding terminal and branch grounding terminals grounding terminal for other equipment from the distribution panel frame C120 H007 05EN 79 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 6 4 3 Grounding LAN devices Grounding LAN devices which share the same signal ground to the same grounding system and those which have different signal ground to different grounding systems The method for grounding LAN devices details of the separation of the LAN transmission line signal ground from the connected devices and typical modes of LAN connection and grounding are described below 1 Grounding LAN devices The signal ground of each device signal line is separated at the point of connection with the LAN transmission line for both optical and metal cables A coaxial cable transmission line must be grounded at one point per segment LAN devices may be grounded to different grounding systems individually or in groups A group of devices connected to the same transceiver must be grounded to the same grounding system 2 Separation of the LAN transmission line signal ground from the connected devices The LAN transmission line signal ground is separated from the ground of the connected devices Table 6 7 details the separation of the signal ground Table 6 7 Details of the separation of the LAN transmission line
51. e performance of such equipment These windows must have blinds affixed to shield the room from direct sunlight 4 Sound absorption and insulation Appropriate sound absorption is recommended in the computer room to ease operator fatigue that may be caused by various kinds of noises generated in the room Among all areas of the computer room the ceiling and walls will make for the most effective sound absorbers when modified to this end The use of noncombustible sound absorbers is recommended The walls of the computer room should have a sound insulation structure to prevent noise from traveling imparted to adjoining offices meeting rooms etc If the floor is to be covered with carpeting as a sound absorber such carpeting must be free of static electricity and dust 5 Lighting It is recommended that the computer room be illuminated to provide an illuminance of 400 to 600 Ix at a point 85 cm 33 in above the floor for server system operation and maintenance purposes Each lighting fixture should be furnished with a switch to turn off the light when it is not necessary C120 H007 05EN 23 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 6 Maintenance outlets The computer room requires maintenance outlets to power instruments for maintaining the server system or to clean the floor Maintenance outlets should be provided on column or wall surfaces 5 to 7 m 16 to 23 ft apart at a height of about 30 cm 12 in above the floor An extension cord is
52. e insulation testing and explains the points to watch when performing phase and grounding cable insulation tests and interphase insulation tests Test voltage Use an applied test voltage within DC250 V for distribution line insulation testing Phase and grounding cable insulation test Perform an insulation test with each phase of the distribution line and the grounding cable for the following conditions On the distribution line from the distribution panel to each device keep the device s power cable connected directly connected to the distribution panel or plugged into an outlet Leave devices off To avoid damage to server systems interphase insulation testing should not be conducted in these conditions Interphase insulation testing Interphase insulation testing is required only for new distribution lines and can be bypassed in subsequent scheduled inspections When performing interphase insulation testing take notice of the following precautions 1 Interphase insulation test within the distribution panel Turn off all the breakers for the server system to perform an interphase insulation test within the panel To avoid server system failures do not apply a test voltage between different phases of the device power cable C120 H007 05EN 89 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 90 2 Interphase insulation test from the distribution panel to a directly connected device An interphase insulation test may
53. e rooms should be windowless or have double walls to provide protection from fire etc The air intake duct in the computer room should be capable of being cut off immediately during outbreaks of fires 5 Disasters caused by human neglect Things to consider with regard to disasters caused by human neglect are summarized below Markings that clearly point to the presence of a server system should be avoided Such signboards would include those attached to a building Computer rooms should be at locations where access can be limited to only authorized personnel Areas surrounding buildings housing server systems should be guarded by patrolling for example Rooftop facilities and ground facilities on the premises visible from outside the premises should be removed from view with screens or fences Computer rooms should also not be visible externally C120 H007 05EN 11 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 2 2 2 Computer room location Things to consider with regard to location of the computer room are summarized below 1 Operability The computer room should be conveniently located for access to communication with related departments and for data receipt issue and relocation 2 Security From a security standpoint the computer room should be located on the lower middle floor of a building rather than the top floor or a basement The first floor facing the street should also be avoided In addition the
54. ed to commercial power outlet This type is dedicated to single terminal Applicable for all components using commercial Processing component power outlet Surge absorber EH Outlet Eg 125V 15A two poles grounding Figure 7 1 Surge absorber power outlet connected type 3 Install a surge absorber to the input side of a distribution panel Figure 7 2 shows the surge absorber installed on the input side of distribution panel All server systems in a group connected to the surge absorber mounted input line can Distribution panel be protected to processing components Dedicated grounding Figure 7 2 Install surge absorber on the distribution panel s input side C120 H007 05EN 93 CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning 7 2 Protection of Signal Lines 1 External modem is in use When modems are installed damage to internal circuitry components in the modems could result from indirect strike surges Hence it is recommended to install the appropriate surge absorber Some modems are equipped with surge absorber within them If modems are installed and the modem does not have surge absorber installation of an external surge absorber should be considered Figure 7 3 lists recommended surge absorber Surge et Surge Figure 7 3 Lighting control action when using external modem Table 7 2 shows the recommended surge absorber Table 7 2 Recommended surge absorber for external modem Model Manufacture
55. endix A Conversion Information A 2 108 Fraction to Decimal Equivalence The table below provides a quick reference of fractional decimal equivalent conversions Table A 2 Fractions to decimal equivalent conversion Fraction Decimal Equivalent 1 16 0 06 1 8 0 12 3 16 0 19 1 4 0 25 5 16 0 31 3 8 0 38 7 16 0 44 1 2 0 50 9 16 0 56 5 8 0 62 11 16 0 69 3 4 0 75 13 16 0 81 7 8 0 88 15 16 0 94 C120 H007 05EN AUI AVR CPU FDDI FSL IEC LAN Acronyms amp Abbreviations Attachment Unit Interface Automatic Voltage Regulator Central Processing Unit Fibre Distributed Data Interface Flexible System Link International Electrotechnical Commission Local Area Network C120 H007 05EN PCI RCI SCCI SCSI SGP UPS WAN Peripheral Component Interconnect Remote Cabinet Interface System Component Control Interface Small Computer System Interface Surge Protector Uninterruptible Power Supply Wide Area Network 109 Index A AC line for surge attack 92 access management lesus 104 OUTE x Cian Fro I epe ERO T aS 14 acoustic noise 0 eee eee 28 air circulation ee Baker gx 29 air CONGHIOM sid vehere Putus 38 air conditioner 0 29 34 flere dosis cries onte A rar tud 53 air conditioning capacity usos cedunt d lead voe la 50 COHIUOn pss 2254 seal odes poet
56. er A floor panel must be installed only for buildings air conditioned by underfloor ventilation When underfloor ventilation and room air conditioning are jointly used the floor panel is not required a Underfloor ventilation If only underfloor ventilation is used to air condition the computer room floor panels with an airflow control damper or airflow control panels must be installed to allow cold air to rise up from under the free access floor to circulate outward into the room This is proceeded to enable the air thus circulated may cool the heat penetrating the computer room and heat generated by room lighting and by the operators bodies 20 C120 H007 05EN 2 3 Computer Room Structure The number of floor panels with an airflow control damper or number of airflow control panels required should be determined by the air conditioning facility or the free access floor construction designer on the basis of the concerned heat load in the room Cold air Leg base Damper opener box spanner hole Cold air Damper Figure 2 2 Floor panels with an airflow control damper Figure 2 3 Air flow control panel b When underfloor ventilation and room air conditioning are combined When underfloor ventilation is used to cool the equipment with room air conditioning available to air condition the building in which the server system is housed floor panels for the building s air conditioning system are not required 5 Slopes a
57. er transformer Distribution pane Server system Server system Dedicated Server system Dedicated A high to low voltage transformer that is shared with other power supplies Install a separate transformer near the distribution panel in the computer room with its secondary terminal grounded to a neutral phase wire High voltage line Shared Separate transformer transformer Distribution panel Server system Server system Dedicated Server system Other power loads Other power loads C120 H007 05EN 71 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 6 3 72 UPS Requirements An Uninterruptible Power Supply system UPS supplies power to server systems constantly under power failures even in a huge magnitude of power failures Instantaneous voltage drop of commercial power generally occur by thunder The chance of occurrence of instantaneous voltage drop depends on the location of the site in Japan three to four times in a year The typical interruption time of power supply is said between 0 07 to 2 seconds Generally power distribution circuits of server systems can maintain the performance under power interruption at magnitude of 0 01 second When the lower power supply or power interruption sustains over 0 01 seconds operation of server systems is disabled and this may lead to system down It is important to avoid instan
58. er or the like is recommended 104 C120 H007 05EN 8 2 Details 4 Monitor cameras Install monitor cameras in an inconspicuous manner at the entrances to the building the computer room etc for monitoring in the guard room or a monitoring center 5 Automatic burglar alarms Install automatic burglar alarms at emergency exits or equipment delivery doors that are not in daily use These should alert the guard room or a monitoring center when trespassing is attempted 6 Other considerations for burglary prevention 8 2 5 Other major considerations for burglary prevention are Creating a burglary prevention organization and the duties of the burglary prevention supervisor and manager Channel of burglary prevention communication Access management hours Methods of storing managing and delivering data Management and inspection of storage media and documents Rat damage If rats penetrate a computer room they can bite signal or power cables or urinate on them causing problems such as disconnections power or water leaks and defective insulation To prevent rat damage cover gaps or holes through which rats could enter and coat cables and cable ducts with rat repellent Also do not allow food or drinks to be brought into the computer room Some of the commercially available repellents are flammable until they dry or are based on organic solvents Be careful when handling these repellents C120
59. es 10 d Newly constructed buildings If a server system is to be installed in a newly constructed building it is recommended that loading strength of the floor itself beam and column is 4 9 kN m 100 Ibf f or greater for such computer room 2 Vibration and earthquake proofing Recent years have witnessed the emergence of earthquake free buildings mounted on earthquake free foundations that absorb the effects of earthquakes and computer rooms with earthquake free floors as safeguards against earthquakes Because the higher floors in an ordinary building are more susceptible to the effects of earthquakes than the lower floors it is recommended that server systems be installed on lower floors Regarding the floor on which the server system is to be setup special consideration should be given to the following As little vibration as possible in the steady state Vibrations during earthquakes not exceeding 2 5m S 8 2f S If vibrations during earthquakes exceed 2 5m S 8 2ft S study the available safeguards against earthquakes The safeguards against earthquakes include earthquake free method securing method or clamping devices in position 3 Water damage a Drainage The basement or the first floor of a building should be avoided as a site for installing a server system because these floors can be flooded during floods If installing a server system on such floors is unavoidable embankments or drainage
60. es prerequisite to operating the server system into service are ready before equipment are delivered to the site 1 1 Office Installation and Computer Room Installation Installation site of server system can be classified into two types as described below The decision of installation site depends on the unit size and specific conditions of use Office installation Computer room installation The following are overview of each case 1 1 1 Office installation Computer equipment appropriate for office space installation is Compact server units O devices These equipments are more appropriate for office space installation than are equipment that must be installed in a computer room because they make less noise have lower power requirements dissipate less heat and are operable over wider temperature and humidity ranges Office installation does not require free access floors or special electrical facilities As a rule the building s existing air conditioning system can be shared C120 H007 05EN 1 CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview A server system involving equipment that is too large to fit into the available office space or a mixture of equipment having a combined heat dissipation over about 21 MJ h 20000 Btu h would need to be installed in facilities meeting the computer room installation requirements 1 Equipment suitable for office installation Equipment meeting any of the following requiremen
61. f 100 uT at a point 0 5 m 1 6 ft away from the steel frame 4 Equipment operating on a DC magnetic field principle a magnetic paper holder etc Example DC magnetic field of 500 uT at a point 2 m 7 ft away from a nuclear magnetic resonance unit 5 1 3 Magnetic field control Displays may require the following actions to control nearby magnetic fields in excess of their allowable magnetic field intensities 1 Separating the display Keep the display farther away from sources of magnetic fields Magnetic fields will be lessened in a range between the value divided by separation to the third power and the value divided by separation to the second power 2 Changing the display type Change the display from a CRT display to a liquid crystal or plasma display 3 Magnetic shielding Special permalloy parts or cases can provide a shield against magnetic field effects Certain display models are available with internal fitting magnetic shied options For information on magnetic shielding of a display as a whole consult a shielding case manufacturer C120 H007 05EN 61 CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity 9 2 5 2 1 5 2 2 62 Electric Fields This section describes electric fields Allowable electric field intensities for server systems Each equipment has an allowable electric field intensity of 3 V m where 1 V m is 120 dB uV An electric field intensity of 1 V m is a typic
62. find any inconvenience with the description or incorrect explanation in this manual please fill in the Comment Form sheet at the back of this manual and forward it to the address described on the sheet This manual is subject to be revised without prior notice C120 H007 05EN iii Contents QN ee ee ERE ee ee re eae ee Cee ee eee ee a ee enema ee ete are a ae 1 Pre AGE MEE AETERNAM ETE eee ka i CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview 1 1 1 Office Installation and Computer Room Installation 1 1 1 1 Office installation llli 1 1 1 2 Computer room installation 0 0002 eee 2 1 2 Computer Room Installation Planning 0 0 00 e eee eee 3 1 2 1 Device support planning 0 000 ee 3 1 2 2 Support staff assignment 0 0 20 eee 3 1 3 Preparing Building and Facilities eee eee 4 1 3 1 Building and facilities needed to install a server system 4 1 3 2 Furnishings accompanying a server system ss 4 1 3 3 Rooms needed to run the server system 0200e ee ee 5 TA Sehed ling x5 c midan megia end ach Seat Both tire tan ns Red Aa a cae cedat 5 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 0 0 0 00 00202 7 2 1 Building Location 2c tot ete exer ERES eue E ded 7 2 1 1 Sites convenient for systems development and administration 7 2 1 2 Utility Services 5 sat S
63. g constructor as a means of determining whether the server system can be installed on the floor in question For base floor strength see Section 2 2 1 Building structures 2 Dustproof finishing If the surface of the base floor is left unfinished equipment may be adversely affected by calcium carbonate scattered as dust from the concrete surface The concrete surface must be finished with a dustproof coating to prevent the buildup of dust 3 Free access floor construction Server rooms covering an area of about 30 m 320 ft or more should have a raised floor structure as far as circumstances allow A raised floor structure with a free access floor that allows floor plate removal is recommended to facilitate equipment installation and relocation cabling and underfloor ventilation Requirements for the raised floor height of a free access floor and the floor panel strength are described in Section 2 3 2 Free access flooring 4 Ceiling height The ceiling of the computer room must be high enough to allow for the circulation of cold air up from under the free access floor to the heated equipment which it cools down before flowing unrestrained within the room back to the air conditioner The ceiling height is measured from the surface of the free access floor raised floor to the bottom layer of the double ceiling The values specified in Table 2 1 are required depending on the equipment height Table 2 1 Ceiling heights
64. g water leaks and installing detectors Ensure that water leaks resulting from failures in the air conditioner or water piping or clogged drain pipes will not spread to under the raised floor or over the floor surface When water leaks occur they should be detected immediately It is recommended that dikes or similar fences be made around the air conditioner and that leak detectors be installed inside the dike and around the water pipeline Figure 4 10 is a schematic view of a dike Return air Drain pipe Leak detector buzzer or lamp Sensor Underfloor ventilation air conditioner Dike cross section Temperature and humidity sensor NAN ND bop LEMA Figure 4 10 Dike C120 H007 05EN 4 5 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners 4 5 7 Installing a backup unit It is recommended that the air conditioner be backed up Without a backup unit if the air conditioner fails the resultant rise in the computer room temperature would demand a shutdown of the server system to correct the failure A backup unit also facilitates scheduled inspections 4 5 8 Preventing freezing of cooling water The air conditioner for a server system is generally run for cooling year round Ifa water cooled air conditioner is used care should be taken to prevent the water in the cooling tower from freezing C120 H007 05EN 57 CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment 5 1 5 1 1 and Static Electri
65. ge das RC eo ants 43 4 3 5 Corrosive gases sce snndu cede ae bett Y dedita dq tb bac onc e ta 43 4 3 6 Seawater salt damage lseuseeeeeeeeeese 44 4 4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities 0 0 0c eee eee 45 4 4 1 Thermal load imposed on air conditioner 45 4 4 2 Example of cooling capacity calculations for room air conditioning 46 4 4 3 Underfloor ventilation air conditioning llle 49 4 4 4 Convenient formulas for air conditioning capacities 50 4 5 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners 52 4 5 1 Humidifier 15s cre ERR eer Eu Sous 52 4 5 2 Air conditioner filters llli 53 vi C120 H007 05EN Contents 4 5 3 Installing temperature humidity sensors llle 54 4 5 4 Taking in fresh air 0400045 Re de t RR ERR ER ERES 54 4 5 5 Preventing dew condensation in underfloor ventilation 55 4 5 6 Preventing water leaks and installing detectors 56 4 5 7 Installing a backup unit llli 57 4 5 8 Preventing freezing of cooling water 00 57 CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity 59 21 Ma eticFieldS xs pee Ee een ILIBIPAU A A EMAIL EL PM A eU T 59 5 1 1 Allowable magnetic field intensities of displays 59 5 1 2 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms 60 5 1 3 Magnetic field control te
66. gh voltage transmission line rated at about 280 A will affect the display images of displays installed 5 m 16 ft away with a magnetic field of 2 4 uT but will not affect those of a display device installed 10 m 33 ft away with only 0 6 uT Adjacent equipment Magnetic fields generated from the adjacent equipment could exert adverse effects Example AC magnetic field of 3 uT at a point 200 mm 8 in away from a display device Mutual interference among display devices Magnetic fields generated from the deflection yoke in each device may have an interfering effect Example AC magnetic field of 3 uT at a point 200 mm 8 in away from a display device Magnetic field T 9 Source of magnetic field Fault symptom component AC magnetic field 1 Power supply facilities such as an uninterruptible Fluctuating display components power supply and a transformer or any electrically images 60 C120 H007 05EN 5 1 Magnetic Fields Table 5 1 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms 2 2 Magnetit net Source of magnetic field Fault symptom component DC magnetic field 1 Electrically welded metallic exterior sheets etc Color misconvergence components Magnetism may remain as a result of metallic display distortion magnetization 2 Magnets used in acoustic equipment Speaker magnets etc w Steel framed prefabricated columns etc moved by an electromagnetic on a crane Example DC magnetic field o
67. he most meticulous waterproofing particularly when a computer room is located on the uppermost floor of the building 2 Window structures 102 Openings around windows could allow the entry of rainwater or cause damage to glass panes during strong wind or rainfall It is best if the computer room has no windows If this is not possible build the computer room airtight with reinforced glass or double pane windows if possible and include a shutter that can be closed during strong wind or rainfall C120 H007 05EN 8 2 Details 3 Water leaking from supply drainage pipes If a new building is to be built avoid the construction of supply drainage pipes around the computer room and the data storage room or limit such construction to a minimum If piping cannot be rerouted in an existing building install a stop valve at a point just before the pipes enter the room Avoid installing facilities that use water on the floor right above 4 Water leaking from air conditioners In rooms in which air conditioners are installed build a dike to stop the outflow of any water which leaks from air conditioners and provide facilities to drain any water that accumulates See Figure 4 10 The installation of a water leak detector is recommended to speed up the detection of accidents When using underfloor ventilation ensure that the dike does not interfere with the ventilation of conditioned air 5 Overturning of cleaning buckets Do not all
68. hours for which server service should be sustained a factor that should be determined before proceeding with stock quantity calculation Primary considerations involved in the determination of stock quantities are as follows Cooling water for air conditioning facilities and emergency power generation facilities Living utility water Fuels for emergency power generation facilities Fuels needed to heat or cool office rooms and rooms occupied by people Computer Room Structure This section describes the structural requirements of computer rooms free access floors and interior furnishings Computer room structural requirements The following items are requirements that should be taken into account at the time of computer room selection Base floor strength and surface finishing Free access floor Ceiling height Room location and access route e e e Floor vibration e Power supply e Air conditioning facilities and external water chilling facilities C120 H007 05EN 2 3 Computer Room Structure Security and disaster prevention considerations 1 Base floor strength The base floor on which the server system is to be set up must have enough strength to support a raised floor and facilities and equipment as well as the server system itself A floor top view with an equipment layout superimposed with equipment weights for each lockers must be presented to the building designer or the buildin
69. ies A dedicated transformer or uninterruptible power supply is required as a power supply facility for the server systems When the computer room is selected the route of the main power cable to the computer room must be determined and a power distribution board and grounding cable facilities must be prepared 2 Air conditioning facilities a Types of air conditioning facilities Review the use of following air conditioning facilities as dedicated air conditioning facilities for computer rooms for within power supply rooms or for neighboring air conditioning rooms Packaged air conditioner Air handling unit Regarding air conditioning for other locations review the following facilities Cooling tower Outdoor unit Chiller Following the selection of the computer room determining the location of the air conditioning facilities and routing of the pipeline will be required C120 H007 05EN 13 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites b Purpose of air conditioning In a computer room there are many heat sources such as dissipation from server systems heat from surrounding circumstances and heat generated by lighting and operators bodies that increase instability of air conditions in the room Air conditioners are required in order to improve stability of air conditions in the room c Precautions Regarding the selection of air conditioning facilities the following items require consideration Air conditioning f
70. ifier for example ultrasonic humidifier water spray or centrifugal sprayer discharges fine drops of water into the air in vapor form With this type of humidifier impurities in the water could adhere to the equipment or supplies as white powder This white powder can be a source of numerous problems including defective insulation rusting clogged filters or poor contact and might also scratch the surfaces of magnetic disks resulting in loss of data When using spray humidifiers including ultrasonic humidifier be sure to maintain the purity of distilled water The following conditions must be considered when using purifiers Let distilled water pass the ion exchange resin of the purifier The conductivity of water after passing a purifier must not exceed 2 uS cm Use a purifier that detects problems in the ion exchange resin automatically to sustain the performance of the purifier When problems are detected replace the ion exchange resin C120 H007 05EN 4 5 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners 3 Humidifiers used with underfloor ventilation air conditioners 4 5 2 Certain types of underfloor ventilation air conditioners have a boiling humidifier and a draft fan installed at adjacent locations such that drops of boiling water from the humidifier can enter the draft fan for aerial dispersion If this occurs impurities in the drops of water can adhere to the air inlet of the equipment as white
71. ing Grounding should be planned to suit the following Grounding equipment in the computer room Grounding other equipment Grounding LAN devices Grounding plate method Grounding of surge absorbers For the last see Chapter 7 Protection Against Lightning C120 H007 05EN 6 4 1 6 4 Grounding Grounding equipment in the computer room For grounding equipment connect a protective grounding conductor to the dedicated grounding electrode Protective grounding conductor llzcesueeezcui Secondary single Equipment wire ground of the transformer Figure 6 4 Method of grounding equipment If possible do not connect an equipment cabinet to the ground built into the floor of the computer room such as a mesh ground through a separate wire This could cause stray current to flow into the system and cause a malfunction The grounding method for the server systems depends on whether the computer room is in a building that conforms to the Grounding Regulation Types or the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC standards 1 Grounding in the buildings in conformance with the Grounding Type The grounding conditions for the server systems to be installed in the domestic or others buildings which are in conformance with the Grounding Type with A to D type are as follows To run the server systems in the computer room stable the dedicated grounding cable facility must be prepared for e
72. ins ee A Go Pee RR ERR 61 5 2 Electric Fields s ede rot oa a RR Rae read ARR RR GER 62 5 2 1 Allowable electric field intensities for server systems 62 5 2 2 Conditions for using mobile phones slsllsessss 62 9 3 Static Electricity oi deer Redux ede ee rack dios eee eee E RS 63 5 3 1 Recommended electrostatic voltage fora computer room 63 5 3 2 Electrostatic control in the computer room 2 000 63 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 0 0 0 e eee 65 6 4 Input Power Requirements 0000 c cece eee eee 65 6 1 4 Input power requirements 0 0 00 eee ees 65 6 1 2 Calculating the power required 00 00 cece eee 66 6 1 3 Calculating the rush current 0 02000 66 6 2 Power Supply Facilities 20 0 0c eee 67 6 2 1 Kinds and uses of power supply facilities 67 6 2 2 Selecting power supply facilities 2 00000005 69 6 3 UPS Requirements 0 000 cee eens 72 6 4 Grounding 20043024 noes teak ebhasgiwhtaadadG aie des ESA E 76 6 4 14 Grounding equipment in the computer room 77 6 4 2 Grounding other equipment 00 2 00 e eee eee 79 6 4 3 Grounding LAN devices 0000 0c cee eens 80 6 4 4 Grounding plate method 0 000 81 6 5 Distribution Panels 0 0000 cee eee 83 6 5 1 Distribution panel location
73. ion Planning Manual 65 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities Table 6 1 Input power requirement Item Requirement Input voltage Number of phases Abroad Single phase two wire 100 V 110 V 115 V 120 V Single phase two wire 200 V 208 V 220 V 230 V 240 V Three phase three wire 200 V 208 V 220 V 230 V 240 V Three phase four wire 380 V 400 V 415 V neutral conductor connected to ground Voltage regulation From 10 to 10 of the input voltage or less Instantaneous input voltage 15 to 20 of the input voltage or less in 0 5 second or variation shorter Instantaneous input 1 2 cycle or less 10 ms or less at 50 Hz 8 3 ms or less at 60 Hz interruption Input frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz Frequency regulation 2 to 4 of the input frequency Input voltage imbalance 5 or less three phase input Voltage waveform distortion 10 or less Power capacitance Depends on each unit specifications Rush current Depends on each unit specifications 6 1 2 Calculating the power required 66 For the purpose of selecting the kind of power supply facilities required calculate the total power requirement of every unit in the system by consulting the relevant Installation Planning Manual Calculating the rush current The rush current calculation assists with selecting a UPS Calculate the rush current in the power on sequence by consulting the documentation for each component The case that more tha
74. ioner In a system using underfloor ventilation for air conditioning consider the paths of both hot and cold airflow C120 H007 05EN 29 CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout 3 4 5 Dusting Units that use paper or toner in operation such as line printers and laser printers produce dust The relation between dust producing devices and device that should be dust free requires special consideration For example dust free devices can be installed near the air outlet while the dust producing devices can be near the air intake 3 5 Power Supply Facilities This section describes power supply facilities 3 5 1 Power supply facilities for server system The power supply facilities required for a server system include transformers voltage regulators and distribution panels Some of these are installed in the server room Table 3 1 summarizes the kinds uses and locations of the power supply facilities Table 3 1 Kinds uses and locations of power supply facilities 1 2 Power supply Use Location High voltage transformers dedicated to server systems or shared by other facilities Transforms a high transmission voltage into a commercial voltage Installed in a power user s electrical facility room in a power company s transformer room or on a pole Voltage regulators such as an uninterruptible power supply UPS Compensates for momentary interruptions or voltage variations in commercial
75. ited For Users in U S A Canada For Users in Other Countries and Mexico Fax this form to the number below or send this form Fold and fasten as shown on back to the address below No postage necessary if mailed in U S A Fujitsu America Inc Fujitsu Learning Media Limited Attention Engineering Support M S 249 FAX 81 3 6710 1578 1250 East Arques Ave 13 34 Kounan 2 chome Sunnyvale CA 94085 5401 Minato Ku USA Tokyo 108 0075 FAX 408 992 2674 JAPAN FUJITSU LIMITED FOLD AND TAPE NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS MAIL PERMIT NO 741 SUNNYVALE CA POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE co FUJITSU FUJITSU AMERICA INC ATTENTION ENGINEERING SUPPORT M S 249 1250 EAST ARQUES AVENUE SUNNYVALE CA 94085 5401 FOLD AND TAPE co FUJITSU
76. l standards or the like and may not be readily applicable to a server room environment Consultation or design by a professional engineer is required for determining the capacity of an air conditioner to be used in a computer room Service time and reliability The air conditioning facilities for a computer room must be kept operable at all times A large number of relatively low capacity units are recommended Maintain the room air at a somewhat lower temperature so that even if one unit fails there would still be time to take corrective action before a critical temperature is reached The installation of spare units to back up the primary units is also recommended Styles of Air Conditioner Air conditioner installations for computer rooms can be grouped into four broad styles as listed below Choose from them to suit the user s architectural requirements the size of the system installation layout constraints etc Direct blowing Duct blowing Underfloor ventilation Combined use of direct or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation These methods are detailed as below C120 H007 05EN 4 2 1 4 2 2 Stationary air 4 2 Styles of Air Conditioner Direct blowing In the direct blowing setup air conditioner s are installed in the computer room to blow air directly into the room This setup is economical permits easy room temperature and humidity regulation and is less susceptible to dew condensation Moreove
77. larm zones 006 cece cee esee 98 ix Table 2 1 Table 2 2 Table 2 3 Table 3 1 Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 Table 4 6 Table 4 7 Table 4 8 Table 5 1 Table 6 1 Table 6 2 Table 6 3 Table 6 4 Table 6 5 Table 6 6 Table 6 7 Table 6 8 Table 7 1 Table 7 2 Table 8 1 Table A 1 Table A 2 C120 H007 05EN Contents Tables Ceiling ielglTisc you ote eb te ORs hen eh lied Ls Med 17 Raised floor heights of free access floors 05 18 Strengths and surface materials of free access floor panels 19 Kinds uses and locations of power supply facilities 30 Recommended temperatures and humidities for computer rooms 40 Temperature and humidity recommendations changing the room tGriperdturel s ess tes cedes rela M a eund pa iS EE 41 Temperature and humidity recommendations lowering the underfloor temperature xcd coast dua per exe Lae w ee uae view vat WER 42 Tolerable limits for corrosive gases 00 e eee eee eee 43 Sources of overload and amount of heat dissipation 45 Examples of typical air conditioner cooling capacity calculations 47 Examples of underfloor ventilation air conditioner cooling capacity CalocalatiDDs cues Santee Nd d pibe Ec US AGO nM d pues Fera 49 Convenient formulas for air conditioner capacity 50 Sources of magnetic fields and fault symptoms 60 Input power requireme
78. ment of an overall installation planning schedule Facility design verification Verification of the status of ongoing facility construction Final preparations for installing the server system facility and interior finish checks and where appropriate facility test runs C120 H007 05EN 5 2 1 2 1 1 C120 H007 05EN CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites This chapter details the recommended sites and structures and the buildings in which server systems can be installed and the structures of the computer rooms Server systems setups can be classified into two broad forms one in which a server system is installed in a computer room for message collection and distribution processing and perform calculation processing and one in which a server system is installed conveniently in an office for use as a stand alone machine or as one connected to a communications network This chapter presents a variety of tips and hints for determining the most appropriate locations for server systems The importance of the individual tips and hints however depends on the intended use of the server system Alternative or corrective actions may be available for particular items The server system department of the user s organization is recommended to hold in depth consultations on requirements for determining a server system s location with its department in charge of construction or with a building contractor Building Location The building in whi
79. n one device may turn on at the same time should also be considered If the UPS is started up rapidly the UPS startup could occur as rush current flows from the server system line filter and before the server system power controller begins to properly supply power to the server system In this case the UPS may detect overcurrent Try to use an UPS that allows for a slow startup C120 H007 05EN 6 2 Select power supply facilities after considering the input power requirements of the server system see Section 6 1 the availability of a power source at the installation Power Supply Facilities site and the operational importance of the server system 6 2 1 Power supply facilities are used for converting voltages reducing leakage current keeping a server system free from power failures shaping waveforms converting frequencies and reducing harmonic currents Table 6 2 lists the kinds of power supply facilities available and their fitness for particular uses Kinds and uses of power supply facilities 6 2 Power Supply Facilities Table 6 2 Types of available power supply facilities and usage Use Type of power Freedom pedo Voltage Waveform of supply facility from power d conversion shaping harmonic failures current Commercial power x x x x source Transformer O x x x UPS Constant commercial x O x x type UPS O O O O Constant inverter type Note O means fit
80. n the installation planning group consider the following An installation planning group and a supervisor within the user organization An installation consultant from a Fujitsu or agent Preparing Building and Facilities Review the building and facilities needed to install a server system ancillary furnishings accompanying the server system and the rooms needed to run the server system Building and facilities needed to install a server system Regarding the building and facilities needed to install a server system consider the following Building Power supplies Air conditioning Signal line telecommunication facilities Fire extinguishers fire extinguishing facilities Furnishings accompanying a server system Review the following furnishings accompanying in use of a server system Cabinets and lockers Small equipment Storage media Supplies Spare parts and maintenance tools Instructions manuals Warehouses Storage media Trucks C120 H007 05EN 1 4 Scheduling 1 3 3 Rooms needed to run the server system Regarding the rooms needed to run the server system review the following Offices Meeting rooms System administrator rooms System developer rooms Backup maintenance engineer and other related rooms 1 4 Scheduling In installing a server system in a computer room the scheduling of the following activities is recommended Develop
81. nd reliability These are detailed as below Constant temperatures and humidities While most server system has wide permissible temperature and humidity ranges as described later it is recommended that the computer room be maintained at a constant temperature and humidity to provide operational stability fewer media effects and a good operator environment A stable environment is important because the computer room houses semiconductor devices which are easily affected by thermal shocks precision mechanical parts which are liable to thermal expansion due to temperature changes and print forms toner OMR and OCR forms paper tape and other kinds of media which are susceptible to the effects of humidity changes A computer room requires temperature and humidity regulation while guarding against electrostatic effects at low humidities and dew condensation caused by underfloor ventilation at lower temperatures and humidities C120 H007 05EN 33 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 1 2 4 2 34 Air conditioning conditions and capacities The air conditioning system must have the capacity to be able to process the amount of heat dissipated from the computer equipment to cool the computer room A server system generates heat from the Power Supply Unit semiconductor devices etc The rated or listed capacity of the air conditioning facilities may have been measured for a general office for human beings as specified by the relevant industria
82. nd stairways If there is a difference in levels between the base floor and the free access floor either a slope or stairway must be built at the entrance of the computer room to facilitate traffic or physical transportation C120 H007 05EN 21 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites 6 Base floor and free access floor cleaning 2 3 3 The base floor and the free access floor require cleaning before the server system is installed The following cleaning procedures are recommended including those for cleaning the free access floor surface periodically 1 Remove dust on the surface of the panels 2 Clean with a mop or cloth dipped in a solution having an anti static agent then squeeze the mop tightly before proceeding with mopping Never use polishing powder or solid or water soluble waxes to clean computer rooms They may become deposited in gaps in the floor surface or floor panels then scattered by underfloor ventilation penetrating inside the computers and affecting equipment adversely Interiors Server rooms require more strict temperature and humidity control than common office rooms Essential things to consider with regard to such air conditioning include insulation against heat prevention from entry of outside air and shielding from direct sunlight Cutting out heat from external sources would lessen the heat load of the building on the air conditioning facilities leading to savings on expenditures on power required for air conditi
83. ndling of fire except in a designated area and limit the presence of inflammable substances Store waste paper in metal containers and empty them regularly Use furniture and fixtures made of nonflammable material Use nonflammable interior materials Keep things neat and in order Appoint people to conduct periodic inspections C120 H007 05EN 97 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions 98 It is also important to train and prepare staff to fight fires before they become too serious While the Fire Services Law and other relevant regulations dictate that certain fire fighting equipment be available this equipment is not necessarily adequate for server system security The installation of more appropriate fire fighting equipment is recommended even if they are not required by these laws and regulations 1 Automatic fire alarms Keeping human guards to constantly monitor for fires provides the best protection however this is not always practicable at night or during holidays Further full monitoring may not be possible even if guards are available Automatic fire alarms are useful in these situations Computer rooms and data storage rooms should each be designated as independent alarm zones see Figure 8 1 Pa One monitoring area One monitoring i as oe aes eee ee oe oS pug ibaa emcee a a a E i One monitoring i I I area 1 Figure 8 1 Designating alarm zones An alarm zone is an area in
84. ng coordinator may take a preliminary tour of the access route and conduct consultations with the user beforehand The items that require consideration are listed as follows C120 H007 05EN 2 2 Buildings Where the equipment is to be unloaded from the transport vehicle How the equipment is to be carried in and out the building Where the equipment is to be temporarily stored and unpacked The size of the elevator and its loading capacity The carry in access route to the computer room e Whether floor protection along the access route is required The access route from the building delivery entrance to the computer room is described below 1 Building delivery entrance a Carrying in equipment in a wooden crate or box When the server system to be carried in 1s enclosed in a wooden crate or box as is the case when shipped from the factory over a long distance to a user overseas the building delivery entrance should generally have the following dimensions Height 2 5 m 8 2 ft or more Width 1 6 m 5 2 ft or more Because the wooden crate or box packaging dimensions for specific users depends on the kind of equipment to be packaged and the transportation method the field representative in charge confers with the shipping department and notifies the user accordingly b Carrying in equipment with a crane Difficulties may be experienced in carrying equipment into the middle floor of a building directly with
85. not be performed on a power cable that directly connects a device to the distribution panel If interphase insulation testing of a direct power cable is required disconnect the device and power cable from each other Also turn off the corresponding breaker to prevent the test voltage from being applied to devices attached to any other breaker line Users who wish to disconnect power cables for testing should check with the certified service engineer because the power cables will require subsequent reconnection and confirmation 3 Interphase insulation test of the distribution network Perform an insulation test between the distribution panel and each outlet First unplug all server system power cables associated with that breaker line Turn off the corresponding breaker in the distribution panel to prevent the test voltage from being applied to devices attached to any other breaker line C120 H007 05EN CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning If a low voltage distribution cable that feeds power directly to devices or an interface cable is to be laid outdoors safeguards are needed to protect against possible destruction caused by lightning surges If a device is damaged by a lightning the direct cause is a surge abnormal voltages and currents Lightning surges can be classified into four cases 1 Direct inflow of current into cables or devices caused by a direct lightning strike to the cable or device or by a lightning strike to
86. nstall a single high capacity central air conditioning unit in the computer room or an adjoining air conditioning room Considering possible device failures and the need for regular maintenance of air conditioning units Fujitsu recommends installing multiple small capacity air conditioning units having a cooling power between 15 kW and 50 kW at locations throughout the computer room Ensure that the installation area including maintenance space is not unnecessarily large Air conditioning piping When installing an underfloor ventilation air conditioning unit be careful to keep the piping from interfering with the underfloor ventilation or wiring Construct the air conditioning piping upright from the floor above below the ceiling or on the back of the air conditioning unit Heat distribution Devices that generate high heat should be installed at the place where the devices are cooled sufficiently by cold air from an air conditioner Install air conditioners matched to the required heat dissipation in each area Air circulation When installing air conditioners in the computer room lay out the equipment to allow the air blown out from the air conditioner to circulate all around the equipment and then back to the air conditioner steadily so that stagnant air will not exist Because airflow tends to stop around tall equipment pay special attention to the relation between the location of tall equipment and the air outlet of the air condit
87. nt iisiiislisslls sls 66 Types of available power supply facilities and usage 67 Transformers for 200 V server systemS 2000 eee eee 70 Transformers dedicated to 400 V server systems 71 Specification of the grounding trunk cable for server systems in the buildings complying to the IEC standards 78 Requirements for other equipment grounding facilities 79 Details of the separation of the LAN transmission line signal ground SG cce avesse rub e T EUER Me LENA ene CAS 80 Output terminal board dimensions 0200005 85 Specification of power control box F9710PW2 92 Recommended surge absorber for external modem 94 Characteristics of fire extinguishing agents 99 Units of measure converSion 0 00 0 cece ee eee eee 107 Fractions to decimal equivalent conversion 108 xi CHAPTER 1 Installation Planning Overview This chapter defines the general requirements for server system installation planning and for the facilities used to house server systems Successful planning ensures system installation efficiency now and in the future assuring system reliability convenience and functionality The users wishing to install a server system must make both the site and associated facilities available and also develop meticulous installation plans to ensure that all of the faciliti
88. ntrol panels must be located for correct and efficient operation of the computer room 3 5 3 Facility control panels Facility control panels which are used to run facilities in auto mode or shut them off immediately in an emergency must be located to allow easy access C120 H007 05EN 31 CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout 3 6 3 6 1 3 6 2 32 Line and Signal Wiring Facilities This section describes line and signal wiring facilities Line facilities When line terminal boards and line terminals are installed they must be located to allow for easy connection with any line units in the computer room Signal wiring facilities Signal cabling with devices that are installed outside the computer room requires wiring facilities such as pipelines ducts and cable racks Even though these units are located in an adjoining room a through hole in the wall would still be necessary Examine these wiring facility requirements and the location of any through holes during layout preparation and mark the top view of the proposed computer room accordingly C120 H007 05EN 4 1 4 1 1 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning This chapter describes which items require considerations when laying out air conditioning facilities Characteristics of Computer Room Air Conditioning Computer room air conditioning is characterized by Constant temperatures and humidities Air conditioning conditions and capacities Service time a
89. o PA SE Nur e eR ERR 23 line facility mr C 32 load PALIN is Seago Pe hha Ire euim 75 Maratona uus earann ats sb de 73 long duration power failure free system 69 magnetic field 008 59 CORTO i es Cov adeb Det des due 61 maintainability 000 27 maintenance outlet 24 monitor camera sussana snanu 105 O object of security 000 96 occupant identification 104 office installation llle 1 opening for computer use 19 output terminal board 85 P permissible temperature and humidity range for computer 38 portable fire extinguisher 99 power control box 00055 92 power failure free system 69 power supply facility 13 30 67 C120 H007 05EN for air conditioner 31 for computer equipment 30 preventing dew condensation in underfloor ventilation 2 0 eee ee eee 55 freezing of cooling water 57 water leak and installing detector 56 prevention of entry of outside air 23 protection against lightning 91 OL AG JING so reda a roi Backs a 92 of signal line lesen 94 R raised floor height 18 rat damade ci i ics vr ak 105 recommended electrostatic voltage for computer room 2 eee eee 63 recommended temperature and humidity f
90. oling capacity 117 931 Btu h rate Specific volume when calculated on the 24 11 1 C x 1 kJ kg C basis of temperature x 135 m3 min x 60 min h differences 0 84 m kg 75 2 52 F x 0 24 Btu Ib F x 4770 fP min x 60 min h 13 5 ft lb 48 C120 H007 05EN 4 4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities 4 4 3 Underfloor ventilation air conditioning Figure 4 9 shows the air condition for underfloor ventilation in a psychrometric chart Table 4 7 summarizes procedures for calculating the cooling capacities of an underfloor ventilation air conditioner flow rate 220 m min 7770ft min The values in the table involve certain characteristic curve and psychrometric chart read errors Enthalpy kJ kg Btu Ib Air line diagram i17 454 19 5 Relative humidity 24 C 75 2 F 45 Absolute humidity 18 C 64 4 F 65 Ts Dry bulb temperature Figure 4 9 Air condition in a psychrometric chart underfloor ventilation air Table 4 7 Examples of underfloor ventilation air conditioner cooling capacity calculations 1 2 Item Calculated value Calculation method Temperature and 24 C 75 2 F 45 Setup condition humidity at the inlet Temperature and 18 C 64 4 F 65 Setup condition humidity of the air coming out of the air conditioner Air conditioner sensible 94 3 MJ h 89400 Btu h ata flow T Ts x Specific heat x Flow rate heat cooling capacity
91. ollowing list is general objects of security Human beings Buildings Computer rooms Data warehouses Power supply rooms Air conditioning rooms Server systems Power supply facilities Air conditioners Storage media Documentation Furniture and fixtures Pipes ducts lighting fixtures etc C120 H007 05EN 8 1 3 8 2 8 2 1 8 2 Details Kinds of disasters Different kinds of disasters require different security actions suited to their causes and characteristics e Fires Negligence leaks catching fire from flare arson etc Earthquakes Overturns falls movement breakage etc Water damage Floods rainwater leaks supply drainage pipe leaks leaks from facilities which use water water for extinguishing fires etc Subversive activities theft obstructive activities etc Demolition robbery break in server system infiltration occupation threat harassment mischief etc Details This section describes some specific security precautions that can be taken for each disaster type Fire Fires could bring about serious damage and there should be adequate precautions for fire protection Fire prevention evaluation fire extinguishing and clean up require appropriate precautions and preparation The most important precaution in fire control is to prevent a fire from starting To this end thorough fire prevention control is required Examples of actions to prevent fires are Prohibit ha
92. omagnetic radiation influence Little presence of dust and corrosive gases Procedures in place for dealing with riots and trespassing break ins etc Buildings The buildings in which server systems can be installed are broadly classified into the following forms Dedicated server system centers Office rooms converted to dedicated computer rooms General office rooms in which server systems are installed for convenience s sake Except for the last form of installation mentioned above server system centers and dedicated computer rooms would best benefit from structural safety considerations because they are intended to house server systems handling large amounts of data Particularly the more important a server system center is the more strict safety considerations are required C120 H007 05EN 2 2 Buildings 2 2 1 Building structures Structural considerations for buildings in which server systems are to be installed are summarized below 1 Floor strength The floor of the building in which a server system is to be installed should be strong enough to withstand the combined weight of the server and its component devices An equipment layout superimposed with weight distributions should be presented to the building designer or installation engineer as a means of determining whether the server system can be installed a Base floor strength of the computer room The base floor loading strength of the computer r
93. ondition Enthalpy on the air conditioner coil surface 9 7 C 49 5 F 100 Determine the temperature and humidity from the point of intersection between the enthalpy 15 on the air conditioner coil surface and 100 relative humidity in the air line diagram Temperature and humidity of the air coming out of the air conditioner 11 1 C 52 F 92 Determine the temperature and humidity from the point of intersection of a line segment between the status point at the conditioner inlet and that on the air conditioner coil surface and the enthalpy of the air coming out of the air conditioner in the air line diagram Air conditioner cooling capacity 145 6 MJ h 138 029 Btu h i 13 X Flow rate Specific volume 15 1 kJ kg x 135 m min x 60 min h 0 84 m kg 6 5 Btu Ib x 4770 ft min x 60 min h 13 5 ft Ib C120 H007 05EN 47 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning Table 4 6 Examples of typical air conditioner cooling capacity calculations 2 2 Item Calculated value Calculation method Air conditioner sensible 124 4 MJ h 14 13 x Flow rate Specific volume heat cooling capacity 117 931 Btu h 12 9 kJ kg x 135 m min x 60 min h when calculated on the 0 84 m3 kg basis of sensible heat 5 5 Btu Ib x 4770 ft min x enthalpy differences 60 min h 13 5 ft3 Ib Air conditioner sensible 124 4 MJ h T4 T3 x Specific heat x Flow heat co
94. one by examining a number of security levels and choosing one as the most appropriate The security level should be tailored to suit the users particular needs A general example of security levels is given below 1 Even if a disaster occurs services can successfully continue The highest level of security which requires extensive technical and economic discussions C120 H007 05EN 95 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions 96 2 Ifa disaster occurs services are closed down but can be resumed immediately when the disaster is over Services are closed down temporarily to protect against errors or malfunctions that might arise from continuing to run the server system for the duration of the disaster or from problems in running associated facilities This level assumes no physical or qualitative damage will be incurred 3 Certain damage may be caused by a disaster but recovery can be effected and services resumed in a short time Services are closed down for the duration of the disaster and some qualitative damage will be incurred 4 Sizable damage is incurred and time is required for recovery The server system outage is tolerable as its effects may be limited to particular applications 5 Destructive damage is incurred with no or little hope of recovery Security level is 0 This situation should be avoided by all means Objects of security It is necessary to define the objects of security and consider the actions needed to suit each The f
95. oner is Ata height of about 1 to 1 5 m 3 3 to 4 9 ft above the floor Where measuring the mean temperature and humidity is available Where they are not exposed to direct drafts of cold air from the air conditioner or air emissions from the equipment 2 Location of temperature humidity sensors for an underfloor ventilation air conditioner Location to install a temperature humidity sensor for a underfloor ventilation air conditioner is Under the floor 1 to 1 5 m 3 3 to 4 9 ft from the air outlets Where they are readily accessible for inspection 4 5 4 Taking in fresh air Fresh air needs to be drawn into the computer room for operators 1 Volume of fresh air Fresh air should be taken in at a rate of about 30 m h 1100 ft h per operator present Where outside air is taken in through a duct and not by natural ventilation through ventilation dust must be removed and its temperature and humidity regulated before it can be fed into the room or under the floor 2 Preventing natural inflow of outside air Install a closing damper at the outside air intake duct Keep it closed to prevent the natural inflow of outside air while the air conditioner is shut down Prevent natural inflow of outside air through ventilation 54 C120 H007 05EN 4 5 Precautions Pertaining to the Installation of Air Conditioners 4 5 5 Preventing dew condensation in underfloor ventilation In underfloor ventilation provisions sho
96. oning Other factors to consider with regard to computer room interiors include sounds absorption and insulation to suppress room noise room lighting and maintenance outlets 1 Heat insulation 22 The computer room should have a heat insulating structure to cut heat penetrating through the walls ceiling windows and other locations and to facilitate air conditioning Heat insulation may be effected for example by the use of wind free double walls and by finishing the walls ceiling and the ceiling of the floor immediately below with heat insulators of a noncombustible kind C120 H007 05EN 2 3 Computer Room Structure 2 Prevention of entry of outside air Outside air penetrating through gaps in a window could threaten successful temperature and humidity control of the air conditioning facilities Moreover outside air might contain dust and harmful gases From this standpoint the windows in the computer room should be made airtight or semi airtight Openings that may allow the direct inflow of air from outside from the floor right above or below from passages and elsewhere should be sealed Outside air that is taken in must have its temperature and humidity regulated by an air conditioner before it can be fed into the computer room 3 Shielding from direct sunlight When direct sunlight enters the room through a window it could produce local temperature increases in the room or in the equipment adversely affecting th
97. oom including the strength of the floor itself beams and columns should be sufficient to accept the installation of a server system Loading strength of the floor itself The base floor of the computer room like the floor of a general office room must have a loading strength of 2 9 kN m 61 Ibf ft or greater Loading strength of beam and column A loading strength of 2 9 kN m 61 Ibf ft or greater is recommended for the beams and columns that support the floor of the computer room Although a loading strength of 1 8 kN m 38 Ibf ft or greater is recommended for the beams and columns used to support the floor of a general office room this could restrict the equipment layout of large chained devices or heavy devices b Verification by the building designer or the building constructor Even if the base floor strength of the computer room meets the value suggested above the structure of the building its secular changes or the location of the server system may not accept its installation For these reasons an equipment layout superimposed with weight distributions should be presented to the building designer or the building constructor as a means of determining whether the server system can be installed c Rooms used to install heavy devices Power supply rooms and media storage rooms may require reinforcement even when they provide a loading strength of 2 9 kN m 61 Ibf ft C120 H007 05EN 9 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sit
98. or computer room 2 ee eee 39 reducing harmonic current 67 reducing leakage current 67 removing dust i 222 odere ee 43 PUSH curente cus nicer exer bd at cere 73 S o e E E ond Wirt eet d 25 scheduling 0 0 cece eee eee 5 seawater salt damage 44 security action 0000 eee 95 separate transformer 31 shaping waveform 0005 67 share of responsibility for construction in a computer room 2 ee 88 shielding from direct sunlight 23 signal grounds 45x LS RE Een 80 signal wiring facilities 32 slit floor panel 00085 19 sound absorption and insulation 23 sources of magnetic field and fault SVITIDIONT Eos rueda rael aa esten 60 SDAGCC E 12 C120 H007 05EN Index static electricity 0040 63 step down transformer 31 strength of free access floor panel 19 styles of air conditioner 34 support staff assignment 3 surface material of free access floor panel 19 BUB 25 4145 246 ue wisi ag Se wait 91 T telecommunication equipment 14 temperature humidity sensor 54 thermal load imposed on air conditioner 45 topview llleeeee II 25 transformer dedicated to 200 V computer system 70 dedicated to 400 V computer system 71 typical distribution panel setup 84 U underfloor
99. or building air conditioner 20 with airflow control damper 20 floor panel opening 19 floor Strength 43 oer PLE REC ES 9 free access floor 008 18 cleaning 223 22g cus ceo o sue Sta 22 COnStr ctioni seule reas Leeds 17 panel o a a Do VR 19 freedom from power failure 68 TUEFPUTIUEO e Duet ie dacs a qu ea RP 28 G groundings adiri e ce RR 76 electrode s saos twas Sd vache 79 equipment in the computer room TI facility ci a e adia ue deu deed 31 LAN devit en oet ERES 80 other equipment 76 MUNK cable 35 ema loeis 79 grounding connection within distribution panel wae eas ive ELSE 87 grounding plate method 81 H handling of vent 00005 28 hardware constraint 26 heat CiStFIDUl OD ai Rae oo Feo ore keen 29 insulation ac ius oo Th beer Sos 27 high frequency noise 74 high voltage transformer 30 112 huridiflgr 1 uiuo te eo Beka 52 induced noise control 87 input power requirement 65 Installing detector 0 56 WML ORIOM acer uo Matti dua dede RAIL d las 22 K keeping computer system free from power PERG yee tot Dees Bega EUER 67 kind Of CISASION i050 sri RE ET 97 of fire extinguishing agent 99 L leakage current 0005 75 level of security 008 95 lighting uuo oc
100. ow water buckets to be brought into computer rooms Make sure that mops are cleaned outside the room and squeezed tight to remove water before they are brought into the room 6 Water used to extinguish fires If fire fighting has been conducted anywhere in the building water used to extinguish the fire could flow into rooms through stairways and passages Build a dike at the computer room entrance to stop such inflow 7 Other considerations for water damage prevention Other major considerations for water damage prevention are Flooding caused by tidal waves exceptionally high tides and other floods Water drainage facilities Water slopes and drain channels on the floor surfaces Air conditioning tank liquid level alarms C120 H007 05EN 103 CHAPTER 8 Security Actions 8 2 4 Burglary Disasters caused by malicious acts such as subversive activities burglary and obstructive activities require protection because these acts are entirely unpredictable 1 Environmental maintenance To keep unauthorized personnel away from the building or the computer room ideally keep the spaces surrounding the building and the computer room clear of obstacles for good visibility and maintain a monitoring plan and alarms to detect any trespassers immediately In most situations however the detection of unauthorized personnel is made difficult by the fact that buildings are located close to one another with poor visibility and
101. powder or turn into sandy particulate under the floor and cause corrosion Care should be taken in selecting or designing an air conditioner to prevent the dispersion of drops of boiling water from a boiling humidifier In scheduled facility checkouts check for white powder on the draft fan sandy particulate under the floor and white powder on the air inlets of the equipment and any resultant corrosion to ensure that the air conditioner is working correctly Air conditioner filters Use filters that provide a high collection efficiency and that do not have any adverse effects on the server system Also install a filter at the outside air inlet to remove dust from the outside air 1 Filter collection efficiency Use of a filter with a collection efficiency of 95 or higher as measured by the gravimetric method is recommended 2 Filter types Filters must be mechanical ones made of a nonwoven cloth or similar material Do not use electrostatic dust collectors as they generate ozone gases which could degrade rubber parts C120 H007 05EN 53 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 5 3 Installing temperature humidity sensors Temperature humidity sensors used to regulate the temperature and humidity of an air conditioner are installed at different positions according to the ventilation method 1 Location of temperature humidity sensors for a room air conditioner Location to install temperature humidity sensors for a room air conditi
102. power Installed in a power user s electrical facility room or computer room Generally a UPS is installed in a dedicated electrical facility A UPS rated at less than 100 kVA may be installed in a computer room 30 C120 H007 05EN 3 5 Power Supply Facilities Table 3 1 Kinds uses and locations of power supply facilities 2 2 Power supply Use Location Separate transformers Low voltage transformers used when The supply voltage available to the building and the voltage required by the server system differ A voltage regulator such as a UPS is installed in a separate building or at a remote location Power is fed from a high voltage transformer that is shared by other facilities without using a voltage regulator Separator transformers when used are typically installed in a computer room Step down transformers 200 V to 100 V Transforms 200 V from a high voltage transformer and voltage regulator to suit certain equipment which operates at 100 V Step down transformers when used are typically installed in a computer room Distribution panels Distributes power to server system Installed in a computer room Grounding facilities Used to ground server system The grounding cable is led to the distribution panel for distribution 3 5 2 Power supply facilities for air conditioners Air conditioners or air conditioning co
103. quipment Server system main unit Console tables Equipment installation shelves Cabinets used to house small floor mounted equipment Air conditioners Power supply facilities C120 H007 05EN 25 CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout 3 3 Precautions in Preparation of an Equipment Layout In preparing an equipment layout take into account hardware constraints operational considerations and installation equipment constraints 3 3 1 Hardware constraints 1 Cable length limitations Each signal cable or power control cable has a limitation on its length In laying out equipment be careful not to exceed these limitations 2 Wiring volumes and routes a Small systems In small systems involving a relatively low volume of wiring equipment may be installed in an I L or E shaped layout to simplify the wiring routes on or under the floor Cover any wires or connections that are laid on the floor so that they do not interfere with traffic b Larger systems In larger systems with an increased volume of wiring a free access floor is required This is a raised floor structure in which the floor plates are removable 3 Heat dissipation from equipment If devices that dissipate a high amount of heat are used they must not be concentrated within the same area considering air conditioning capability 1 or 2 kW m 3 3 2 Operational considerations 1 Equipment functionality and operability The componen
104. r the air conditioner s free from blowing temperature constraints offer high working efficiency However while this setup is easier to install cold air could be poorly distributed Hence a facility layout should be such as to ensure unrestricted flow of cold air Another drawback is that where a high cooling capacity is required rapid drafts of cold air could chill operators Generally a unit installed in a direct blowing setup should include a draft fan a cooling coil a heater for the winter time a humidifier and a filter Figure 4 1 shows a schematic view of the direct blowing setup Air blows into the room conditioner Return air Eme 180 mm 7 in or more Temperature humidity sensor Free access floor Dike Figure 4 1 Direct blowing setup Duct blowing In the duct blowing setup air duct is connected to an air conditioner so that cold air is blown from grille or spot in the computer room This setup features offering uniform blowing permitting easy room temperature and humidity regulation and lessening operator health effects Its drawbacks however are the need for ducting in the ceiling possible collision of air blowing from the ceiling with upward exhaust from the equipment restricted equipment layout and the difficulty of using centralized blowing against equipment which requires high heat dissipation C120 H007 05EN 35 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning An air conditioner installed in the duc
105. r cleaning procedures see 6 Base floor and free access floor cleaning in 2 3 2 Free access flooring Cleaning is required in the following situations When the construction of the computer room has just been completed and it is ready to house equipment When the computer room has been repaired When equipment already in position in the computer room has been relocated Areas surrounding printers and for forms handling require periodic cleaning 4 3 5 Corrosive gases Corrosive gases must be removed and kept out by using appropriate air cleaning facilities Maintaining positive pressure in the computer room with filtered air will serve as a safeguard against the entry of corrosive gases or dust from an outside source Table 4 4 lists the tolerable limits for different kinds of corrosive gases Table 4 4 Tolerable limits for corrosive gases 1 2 Gas name Tolerable limit Hydrogen sulfide H5S Up to 7 1 ppb Sulfur dioxide sulfur oxide SO Up to 37 ppb Hydrogen chloride HCI Up to 6 6 ppb Chlorine CI Up to 3 4 ppb Hydrogen fluoride HF Up to 3 6 ppb C120 H007 05EN 43 CHAPTER 4 Air Conditioning 4 3 6 44 Table 4 4 Tolerable limits for corrosive gases 2 2 Gas name Tolerable limit Nitrogen dioxide nitrogen oxide NO2 Up to 52 ppb Ammonia NH3 Up to 420 ppb Ozone 03 Up to 5 ppb Oil vapor Up to 0 2 mg m Seawater salt dam
106. required where the outlet spacing exceeds 7 m 23 ft Power leading to the outlets may be fed from a common general power source 7 Dust It is recommended to provide preventive action for generation of dust within the room in which the equipment is installed and for entering of dust from the windows and entrances of the room Most equipment applies mandatory cooling method If dust particles adhere over the vent to shut down the airflow the temperature inside the equipment ascends Such conditions may cause equipment fault or system down Dust may become a cause of readout malfunction when dust covers over magnetic tapes optical disks or such media Planning of media warehousing is also important 24 C120 H007 05EN CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout This chapter describes the items which considerations require for when laying out equipment Equipment layout deserves special consideration because it has a significant bearing on the efficiency of system operation and maintenance 3 1 Proposed Computer Room Top View A top view of the proposed computer room must be prepared 1 Top view A precise top view of the proposed computer room must be prepared to aid in reviewing the equipment layout 2 Scale The top view of the proposed computer room prepared on a scale of one fiftieth is recommended 3 2 Equipment Templates Equipment templates at a scale of one fiftieth are recommended Prepare templates for the following kinds of e
107. ribes the available computer room air conditioning methods along with their features conditions of air conditioning and precautions CHAPTER 5 Electromagnetic Environment and Static Electricity This chapter describes the electromagnetic environmental conditions relevant to server systems and electrostatic effects C120 H007 05EN Preface CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities This chapter describes the power supply requirements power supply facilities grounding plans power distribution boards and power distribution routes for the server systems CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning This chapter describes the safeguards necessary to protect server systems against destructive lightning surge voltages CHAPTER 8 Security Actions This chapter describes the actions necessary to ensure server system security Appendix A Conversion Information This appendix provides quick reference tables for measure units conversion and fractional decimal equivalent conversions Acronyms amp Abbreviations This acronyms and abbreviations provides complete word s of acronyms and abbreviations used in this manual Index This index provides the keywords along with the reference page numbers so that users can find the necessary information at a glance i C120 H007 05EN Preface Other Reference Manuals When installing the SPARC Enterprise or PRIMEQUEST read the installation guide for each model first For the readers If you
108. rip easily by microwave leakage current Install an insulation transformer between the UPS and the commercial power outlet 9 Load rating When operating UPS in higher power factor than its rated power factor use the UPS in reduced output voltage For example a rating power factor of a 10 kVA 8 kW rated UPS is 0 8 8 kW 10 kVA 9 5 When connecting load lower than 0 8 power factor to the UPS up to 10 kVA load can be connected When connecting load grater than 0 8 power factor reduce the load to the calculated value by the formula below 8 kW load KkVA power factor of load C120 H007 05EN 75 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 10 Power rating for printer connection If a printer is connected to a UPS selecting a UPS whose power capacitance is sufficient to connect a printer is needed by taking account of the following precautions Input voltage variation of a printer depends on the printing mode Some laser printers requires few times higher than their rated power in toner fixing 11 Checking the UPS environmental specifications and the warranty 6 4 76 term Other precautions and requirements UPS environmental specification Input capacity Grounding phase in input one line grounding External dimensions Mass Amount of heat dissipation Earthquake proofing actions Noise level Input output terminals connector Warranty term Ground
109. rmined by calculating the flow rate requirement relating to sensible heat Actual air conditioning design should allow for air conditioner characteristics building thermal load calculations etc Table 4 8 Convenient formulas for air conditioner capacity Air conditioning setup Flow rate calculation formula Room air conditioning Thermal load kJ h 1 0 0 84x 24 C 11 C x0 9x60 Flow rate m min Thermal load Btu h 0 24 13 5x 75 2 F 52 F x0 9x60 Flow rate ft min Underfloor ventilation Thermal load kJ h 1 0 0 84x 24 C 18 C x60 Flow rate m min Thermal load Btu h 0 24 13 5x 75 2 F 64 4 F x60 Flow rate ft min 50 C120 H007 05EN 4 4 Thermal Load and Cooling Capacities The formula terms are Flow rate Sensible heat from the thermal load divided by the temperature difference and the heat removed to cool a unit volume by 1 C 34 F Flow rate Sensible heat from thermal load Temperature difference x Specific heat Specific volume Thermal load While the thermal load is a sum of sensible heat and latent heat sensible heat accounts for such a large proportion of the thermal load in a computer room that the thermal load is assumed to be equal to the sensible heat Thermal load Sensible heat Latent heat Sensible heat 1 0 or 0 24 0 84 or 1 35 24 C or 75 2 F 11 C or 52 F 0 9 60 18 C or 64 4 F C120 H007
110. s This should keep a building free from critical damage even in a huge earthquake When the seismic intensity scale is about 5 Server systems are designed to withstand a horizontal seismic intensity of 2 5m S 8 2ft S Certain devices are furnished with casters to facilitate their relocation These devices should be secured to the floor walls or elsewhere in a manner as appropriate to protect from mechanical destruction Depending on the type of floor on which the server system is installed earthquake motion could be amplified to a level several times higher than the ground motion Hence earthquake control should be matched to the earthquake motion conditions of the floor on which the server system is erected For detail of an earthquake preparedness consult with the construction department of Fujitsu Water damage Water damage to server systems power supplies and air conditioners often results from leaks The performance of the server system could be impaired by the entry of rainwater through the rooftop outside walls windows and other locations water leaking from supply drainage pipes in the ceiling or defective facilities that use water on the floors above Safeguards generally available against these threats are described below 1 Asphalt waterproofing Form a waterproof layer through combined bonding of asphalt and roofing to seal any defects in the waterproofing of the rooftop or the floor above The rooftop requires t
111. signal ground SG Transmission line Cable type Details Fibre Optical fibre Separation by opto electrical and 10Gigabit Ether Optical fibre electrical opto signal converters Gigabit Ether Optical fibre FDDI Optical fibre 100BASE T Paired Separation by transceiver s signal Gigabit Ether Optical fibre transformer 3 Typical modes of LAN connection and grounding 80 Typical LAN connections and grounding are described below with regard to 100Base T Figure 6 5 shows a typical 100Base T connection The transmission route of a twisted pair cable is not to be grounded C120 H007 05EN 6 4 Grounding Twisted pair cables H i Twisted pair cables TPMAU di TPMAU L Li um PME Twisted pair cable transceiver Twisted pair cables JC JE P AUI cable P AUI cable Terminal HUB Multiport repeater Built in signal transformer Figure 6 5 Typical 100 Base T connection Lu Terminal Terminal 6 4 4 Grounding plate method In shared ground facilities complying with the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC standards noise generated by other electronic facilities such as electronic devices air conditioning facilities and elevators may penetrate the server systems through the shared ground facilities cables In some cases this can be prevented by the grounding plate method In the grounding plate method a grounding plate see note
112. t blowing setup should include a cooling coil a heater for the winter and temperature control a humidifier and a filter Figure 4 2 shows a schematic view of the duct blowing setup Floor mounted air conditioner 180 mm 7 in or more Temperature humidity Ne Sensor Free access floor Figure 4 2 Duct blowing setup 4 2 3 Underfloor ventilation In the underfloor ventilation setup air blown out of the air conditioner is fed into the clearance between the free access floor and the base floor and is blown through openings in the free access floor into the space at the bottom of the server system or the surrounding space This setup is useful in the following cases Larger server systems including high heat dissipation volume unit s Intricate layout including tall equipment 36 C120 H007 05EN 4 2 Styles of Air Conditioner This setup features the ability to keep operators less chilled because this lessens direct exposure to drafts of air blown out of the air conditioner Because underfloor ventilation blows air directly against equipment the air must be filtered for dust by the air conditioner beforehand The lower the air temperature is the greater the chance for dew condensation becomes because of increased humidity Hence the air requires regulation of both its temperature and humidity A special underfloor ventilation air conditioner dedicated to computer room use which permits temperature and humidity regula
113. taneous system down since longer time must be spent to reactivate the server systems and applications may interrupt for long time accordingly Not only that important files may be destructed Use UPS to prevent such instantaneous power failures UPS distributes to components in the server system in operation by its built in batteries under such interruption of commercial power supply UPS examination items are explained below Note that if the UPS is installed regardless of the following requirements the requirements of the server system and the performance of the UPS mismatch and the user s server system may be damaged or significant data may be destroyed UPS load specifications Prediction of rush current and load variation of the equipment UPS terminating requirements Effect of high frequency noise Life span of a UPS built in battery Discharge of UPS built in battery Requirements for power interruption Leakage current Load rating Power rating for printer connection Checking the UPS environmental specifications and the warranty term C120 H007 05EN 6 3 UPS Requirements 1 UPS load specifications Some server systems adopt condenser input type rectifier circuit commutating load as shown in Figure 6 3 Figure 6 3 Commutating load circuit Rectifier of this type turns the current waveform of a server system into a distorted waveform containing harmonics The amplified crest peak value of distorted waveform cont
114. temperature Halon gas Use of halon gas should be avoided since it leads to contamination of the ozone layer Powder and foam Use of powder and foam should be avoided since it contaminates equipment and mediums Water Water is not suitable for extinguishing electrical fires in their early stages but may be required for extinguishing larger fires 3 Fire extinguishers and fire extinguishing equipment Fire extinguishers and fire extinguishing equipment that is installed in the computer room and the data storage room are described below a Portable fire extinguishers Portable fire extinguishers are used to extinguish fires in their early stages Use of gas based fire extinguishers or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers is recommended Care must be exercised however in using carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to avoid oxygen deficiency or suffocation The number of portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers that needs to be installed by room size is as follows Rooms measuring from 20 m to 50 m 220 ft to 540 f One portable carbon dioxide fire extinguisher filled with 3 2 kg 7 0 Ib of carbon dioxide per room Rooms measuring from 50 m to 100 m 540 f to 1080 ft Two portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers filled with 3 2 kg 7 0 Ib of carbon dioxide per room Rooms measuring over 100 m 1080 f One additional fire extinguisher for each additional 50 nv 540 f C120 H007
115. temperature which is a measure of the water content of the room air equivalent to a temperature of 24 C 75 F and a humidity of 4596 Do not change the flow rate even if the underfloor temperature is changed Table 4 2 summarizes the practical temperature and humidity recommendations that apply to changing the temperature from the basic recommendations C120 H007 05EN 4 3 Air Conditioning Conditions Table 4 2 Temperature and humidity recommendations changing the room temperature Near the underfloor air Detection and regulation Air conditioning outlet point Humidity Remarks setup Temperature Humidity Temperature C F C 2E Direct blow or Setting Setting 455 duct blow Between 21 Between 70 and 26 Width and 79 Width of variation Jof variation 2 C 4 F Underfloor 181 C 6442 F 6545 Targetedat Targeted at About 45 at The ventilation 24 C 75 F 24 C 75 F temperature 191 C 6642 F 6245 Targeted Targeted About 43 at and humidity between between 24 C 75 F depend on 24 and 25 C 75 and 77 F the thermal 20 1 C 68 2 F 5845 Targeted Targeted About 40 at load between between 26 C 79 F Do not 24 and 26 C 75 and 79 F change the flow rate even if the underfloor temperature is changed Combined use of 18 1 C 6442 F 6545 24 2 C 75 4 F 40 to 50 Do not direct blowing or 19 1 C 66 2 F 62 5 25 2
116. termeasure which requires expertise is required in most cases Primarily the wiring of grounding trunk cable must be implemented by the metal conduit installation method using special insulated cables Follow Table 6 5 for the cable size Table 6 5 Specification of the grounding trunk cable for server systems in the buildings complying to the IEC standards Cross section of the phase Minimum cross section of the conductor of the facilities grounding trunk cable S mm Sp mm S x16 AWGS S 16 AWG5 lt S x 35 AWG2 16 AWGS S gt 35 AWG2 S 2 Note The term the phase conductor of the facilities represents a conductor of a phase of a power supply cable which is led into the distribution panel C120 H007 05EN 6 4 Grounding 6 4 2 Grounding other equipment Table 6 6 summarizes the requirements for other equipment grounding facilities Table 6 6 Requirements for other equipment grounding facilities Item Requirements Grounding electrode A dedicated grounding electrode for other equipment is recommended If a dedicated grounding electrode is not available a grounding trunk cable may be branched from a shared grounding electrode e The grounding resistance must not exceed 100 Q Keep the grounding electrode at least 10 m 33 ft apart from the lightning arrester grounding electrode Grounding trunk e Use an insulated wire at least 5 5 mm AWGIO cable Use the grounding trunk cable
117. that general purpose buildings are open to access by many people Thorough access management is required including the reinforcement of outside walls on the lower floors the removal of windows from the lower floors the elimination of places where unauthorized personnel could hide and patrols by guards 2 Access management Have only one regular use door and have full time guards verify the identity and belongings of persons entering and leaving the facility When persons enter the facility issue badges to them to wear while they are in the facility and ensure that they return the badges when they leave the facility Visitors should be led to a meeting or reception room for identification by the employee visited Employees should wear a distinct badge to distinguish themselves from visitors 3 Occupant identification Access to designated zones such as the computer room and the data storage room should be restricted to a pre registered set of persons Such access restrictions may be maintained by using occupant identification equipment that works with magnetic cards or similar Identification equipment should among other things control the opening and closing of the door keep a record of the occupants and issue alarms to deny access to unauthorized personnel One drawback is that more than one person may enter or leave the room while the door is open once To prevent this double checking the number of people using a photoelectric count
118. the free access floor in which an equipment is installed must have an opening in the floor panel to facilitate equipment cabling and underfloor cold ventilation b Auxiliary supports Depending on the shape of the floor panel opening an auxiliary support may be required to augment panel strength and to secure the panel in a firm position In installing equipment such as a magnetic tape unit on a floor panel an auxiliary support should be used to reinforce the floor panel so that the equipment can be kept level by offsetting panel deflection C Slit floor panels Depending on the heat dissipation and the air intake exhaust structures of the equipment installed a slit floor panel for cold ventilation may have to be installed in the service area C120 H007 05EN 19 CHAPTER 2 Installation Sites Figure 2 1 shows the outer view of a slit floor panel MMMM MMMM Figure 2 1 Slit floor panel d Preventing the free access floor from being collapsed because of the opening Horizontal forces applied to the free access floor during earthquakes or when heavy equipment is carried in could cause the floor panel to shift depending on the structure of the free access floor and the shape of the floor panel opening leading to free access floor collapse When such an opening is built the free access floor should be reinforced with bolts or brackets to guard against possible collapse 4 Installation of a floor panel for a building air condition
119. the ground 2 Generation of a surge voltage or current resulting from a large ground potential difference between devices caused by lightning near any one of these devices or any interconnecting cable 3 The induction of a current surge through a cable resulting from lightning near the cable 4 The release of charge which has been captured by thunder cloud and accumulated on a cable and which flows as a surge Generally the phenomena outlined 1 and 2 are called direct strikes while those outlined in 3 and 4 are called indirect strikes Direct strikes have such a huge destructive energy that protection against them is extremely difficult to achieve Indirect strikes on the other hand have by far a less destructive energy and surge absorbers will usually provide protection against them Protection however will not be available against surges that are beyond the performance limits of the surge absorbers C120 H007 05EN 91 CHAPTER 7 Protection Against Lightning 7 1 Protection of AC Line The surge protection level of SPARC Enterprise and PRIMEQUEST power supply facility complies to the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC standard Therefore special protective action against typical multitude of lightning is not required However depending on the multitude of induced surge energy the equipment may be damaged by the induced surge Especially in some regions where often encounter thunder implementation of external s
120. tion is usually used An air handling unit that uses a water based cooling coil must be controlled to maintain the humidity as well as the temperature within a prescribed range Regulation of the temperature and humidity in this setup is generally accomplished by cooling and dehumidifying the room air to a temperature lower than the target temperature and then heating and humidifying it to some degree to attain the target temperature and humidity The cooling capacity of an air conditioner installed in this setup will be lower than its rating because of the internal heating process involved In the winter time heating to a predetermined temperature is required Figure 4 3 shows a schematic view of the underfloor ventilation setup Return air gt Underfloor ventilation air conditioner 3 J f d Underfloor ventilation air conditioner Equipment Se Equipment ZZ Equipment c u Equipment 20909999 999 300 mm 12 in or more Temperature humidity Free access floor Blown air i SENSON Temperature humidit Dike lu y sensor Figure 4 3 Underfloor ventilation setup 4 2 4 Combined use of direct or duct blowing and underfloor ventilation If direct blowing or duct blowing is combined with underfloor ventilation the server system is cooled down by the air blown from under the floor while the air in the room is conditioned to a temperature suitable for the operator by room air conditioning The underfloor
121. ts is suitable for office installation Equipment that operates from a power supply of single phase and that can be plugged in Equipment whose noise level is low enough to permit installation in a general office environment Equipment with a height of 1 m or lower Noise level of 47 dB A or less equipment with a height of 1 m or higher Noise level of 50 dB A or less Equipment with permissible ranges of temperature and humidity that meet installation requirements in a general office environment Indoor temperature 5 to 35 C indoor humidity 20 to 80 RH operating or 8 to 80 RH not operating 2 Air conditioning and power requirements of equipment subject to office installation and associated facilities The amount of heat dissipated by equipment subject to installation in an office the power requirements and the number of equipment items installed may require improvements to the air conditioning and power supply facilities in the office in question In installing equipment in an office space it is important to review beforehand the air conditioning facilities of the office and the ratings of the power supplies available Computer room installation Computer equipment appropriate for computer room installation is A server system involving equipment that is too large to fit into the office space A mixture of equipment having combined heat dissipation over about 21 MJ h 20000 Btu h C120 H007 05EN
122. ts that make up a server system each have a specific functional goal to serve and should be grouped for ease of system operation 26 C120 H007 05EN 3 3 Precautions in Preparation of an Equipment Layout Even if a single device has multiple functions it should be grouped according to the degree to which it can be run with or without manual intervention Generally devices may be divided into the following groups Consoles for visual monitoring I O devices requiring interchangeable and portable storage media Connection equipment that has a long service life and seldom requires replacement Data processing devices such as CPUs and file units that normally do not require manual operation Figure 3 1 shows a conceptual view of grouping ew E File units I O devices Figure 3 1 NM of units operational grouping 2 Concentration of small equipment Concentrate small devices such as modems and LAN units on shelves For a large number of small floor mounted devices such as display controllers LAN controllers link adapters and optical channel adapters consider erecting a single cabinet to house them all 3 Entrance and passage Lay out the equipment to facilitate human traffic and the movement of supplies and storage media through the entrance Allow also for human traffic and the movement of media equipment and instruments when locating the passages in the room 4 Maintainability Provide ser
123. uaitidge secus ox ERE eee ite EU e 105 8 3 Maintenance and Management of Disaster Control Facilities 106 Appendix A Conversion Information suuuss 107 A 1 Units of Measure Conversion 0 0000 cece lees 107 A 2 Fraction to Decimal Equivalence 2 00 cee eee 108 Acronyms amp Abbreviations 0 0 0 cece ccc cee esses 109 Index signee rok mena cre eect xTM esed ss pat a thes eeu ae ie 111 viii C120 H007 05EN Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 3 1 Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 4 5 Figure 4 6 Figure 4 7 Figure 4 8 Figure 4 9 Figure 4 10 Figure 6 1 Figure 6 2 Figure 6 3 Figure 6 4 Figure 6 5 Figure 6 6 Figure 6 7 Figure 6 8 Figure 6 9 Figure 6 10 Figure 6 11 Figure 6 12 Figure 7 1 Figure 7 2 Figure 7 3 Figure 7 4 Figure 8 1 C120 H007 05EN Contents Figures Slitfloor parel snc goad RR ea Pe habe ee E EA DERUEX ca 20 Floor panels with an airflow control damper 21 Air flow control panel 0 00 ccc eee ae 21 Concept of units operational grouping 020ee 27 Direct blowing setup uisus aba eee ee eae ad 35 Duct blowing setup reus gator nde tape ae aaa v ns tad acne de ds Cir 36 Underfloor ventilation setup 00 00 eee eee eee 37 Schematic view of a combined system 00 00s 38 Psychrometric chart applicable to changing the room temperature 4
124. uit or a copper or iron shielded cable should be used for the distribution line between a transformer and power supply facilities such as an uninterruptible power supply UPS to allow for switching to direct distribution in times of power supply facility failures or during inspection C120 H007 05EN 87 CHAPTER 6 Power Supply Facilities 67 Share of Responsibility for Construction in a Computer Room The share of responsibility for construction are Fujitsu will install wiring from the output terminal block in the distribution panel to individual devices in the same room as a standard construction The construction of all other electrical requirements is the user s responsibility The user is responsible for electrical wiring and receptacle for devices Figure 6 12 shows the share of responsibility for construction in the computer room Server Disk drive unit Magnetic tape unit Protective ground Power ground Line printer 10Q or less Dedicated computer ground i Display device Crimp terminal to the output terminal block Customer s responsibility E M Fujitsu s responsibility Division of responsibility Figure 6 12 Share of responsibility for construction in a computer room 88 C120 H007 05EN 6 8 6 8 1 6 8 2 6 8 3 6 8 Distribution Line Insulation Testing Distribution Line Insulation Testing This section specifies the test voltage for distribution lin
125. uld be made to prevent dew condensation inside and outside of devices installed in the computer room as they are exposed to direct drafts of cold air from the air conditioner Devices are susceptible to dew condensation if they are at a low temperature while the room temperature is low and also if the air inside and outside the room is at a high temperature and a high humidity Further where both the temperature and humidity are regulated from the beginning the underfloor air could be dampened and cause dew condensation The air conditioning control scheme must be examined and established on the user s own responsibility to meet their own needs Typical air conditioning control schemes are described below 1 If the room temperature is low If the room is in low temperature the devices installed in the computer room is also cool When this occurs follow the procedure below to start the humidifiers 1 Stop the humidifier of the air conditioner s 2 After reaching the target temperature only with the air conditioner in heating drive mode turn on the server systems 3 Change the drive mode of the air conditioner to cooling drive 4 When room temperature reaches stable circumstance start operating the humidifiers 2 If the room air is at a high temperature and a high humidity If the room air is at a high temperature and a high humidity the room humidity will rise sharply when the air conditioner starts to deliver low temperature air
126. urge absorber is recommended The preventive action on AC lines for surge attacks can be classified into following three methods Using power control box F9710PW2 Install a surge absorber in each terminal outlet Install a surge absorber to the input side of a distribution panel The procedure for each method is described below 1 Using power control box F9710PW2 F9710PW2 power control box is effective for the components connected through Switched Unswitched type outlet If power consumption sum of the components is lower than 1 5 kVA install the power control box between the processing components and the power supply facility connect the power cable of the processing component with Unswitched outlet of the power control box This control action protects the processing components from surge voltage Table 7 1 shows the specification of the power control box F9710PW2 Table 7 1 Specification of power control box F9710PW2 Item Specification Rated voltage ACI100V 10 Rated capacity 1 5 kVA 15 A phase Unswitched Switched Serving outlets Unswitched 2 outlets 2P ground type Switched 4 outlets 2P ground type For control signal 2 m 7 ft Mini DIN8P Controlled by PC interface For input power 3 m 10 ft 2P ground 92 C120 H007 05EN 7 1 Protection of AC Line 2 Install a surge absorber in each terminal outlet Figure 7 1 shows the surge absorber connect
127. utput terminal boards must meet the requirements illustrated in Figure 6 10 C M 1 mL 100 mm 4 in J ji J or more 1 oe 100 mm 4 in ow or more Front cabling i 100 mm 4 in or more L ie o Noa mm 6 in or more Staggled a pu Output terminal strip spacing 150 mm 6 in or more Figure 6 10 Space around output terminal boards 86 C120 H007 05EN 6 6 Distribution Lines 6 Grounding connection within a distribution panel 6 6 6 6 1 Figure 6 11 shows grounding connections within a distribution panel 14mm AWGS Two ground wires crimped together 14mm AWGS 14mm AWG5 l4mm AWGS 22mm AWG4 Grounding branch plate Output terminal board To equipments To equipments Figure 6 11 Grounding connections within a distribution panel Distribution Lines The construction of distribution lines requires consideration of induced noise control and voltage drops Induced noise control 1 Distribution line to the distribution panel A cable enclosed in a metal conduit or a copper or iron shielded cable must be used for the distribution line between power supply facilities and the distribution panel in order to protect the cable against noise induced from other distribution lines Alternatively use a dedicated shaft to isolate the distribution line from other lines 2 Distribution line to power supply facilities A cable enclosed in a metal cond
128. vice clearance around server systems air conditioners and power supply facilities to allow access for inspection or maintenance C120 H007 05EN 27 CHAPTER 3 Equipment Layout 5 Acoustic noise A general purpose server system is generally made up of a mix of equipment each of which generates its own acoustic noise Because the acoustic noises from individual equipment may result in a very high noise level it is recommended that these equipment be installed in an unattended zone a Distinction between an attended zone and an unattended zone Install consoles and I O equipment in a single attended zone and data processors and file storage units in an unattended zone b Attended zone Make sure that an attended zone is not surrounded by equipment on all sides A wall may be erected on one side or it may be partitioned for sound insulation 6 Furniture and fixtures Provide locations for furniture and fixtures that are needed during operations Furniture and fixtures include Cabinets used to store media Lockers used to store spare parts and documentation Forms storage stands 7 Handling of vents Keep the inlet and outlet for air circulation and cooling equipment free from clogging up 28 C120 H007 05EN 3 4 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 Air Conditioners Air Conditioners Factors to be considered when laying out air conditioning are described below Air conditioning units Do not simply i
129. which a single line of an automatic fire alarm is capable of detecting fires An independent alarm zone may not exceed 600 m 6460 f in area with the length of each side not exceeding 50 m 160 ft and may not span two or more floors If the computer room exceeds these limits it must be split into two or more alarm zones For fire resistant building automatic fire alarm sensors should be installed on the finished surface of the ceiling In the computer room sensors should also be installed under the free access floor and also in the ceiling if return air from the air conditioner passes through the ceiling It is also recommended that smoke sensors that operate on both an ion and photoelectric principle be installed in the computer room and the data storage room C120 H007 05EN 8 2 Details 2 Kinds of fire extinguishing agents Fire extinguishing agent Characteristics Ideally any fire extinguishing agents to be used in the computer room and the data storage room should not contaminate the equipment or storage media be harmless to the human body and be environmentally friendly Table 8 1 lists fire extinguishing agents and their characteristics Table 8 1 Characteristics of fire extinguishing agents Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide will not contaminate devices or media but it does require care to avoid human suffocation Also when sprayed it can turn into a white mist or condense on equipment surfaces due to its low
130. wing escape facilities should be selected and maintained Basement Escape ladder escape staircase Floors between the second and the tenth floor Slide escape ladder lift escape bridge escape chute The installation of these facilities is also recommended on floors higher than the tenth or provide an escape to the rooftop to a lower floor or to an adjoining building etc b Escape passage A computer room with devices installed in an intricate layout can be a maze which requires extra time to find a way out of the room or which can cause injuries due to hitting devices in the course of escape An escape passage at least 1 5 m 4 9 ft wide should be available to expedite escape Escape or passage guide lights should be located where they are visible from anywhere in the room C120 H007 05EN 8 2 Details 5 Other considerations for fire prevention 8 2 2 Other major considerations for fire prevention are Risks of fires spreading from neighboring buildings Fire resistance of the building Fire resistance of the computer room and the data storage room Fire prevention facilities at openings such as windows and doors Fire dampers e g for ducts Non flammable air conditioner inlets and outlets and ducting heat insulators Treatment of the area where walls are penetrated by wiring cables to prevent fire spreading and smoke leakage Emergency power breakers interlocked with the computer room and air conditioners

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