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Fluke 7250A Time Clock User Manual

1. Not Figure 2 5 Standard and Smart Remote Features gc06f eps Getting Started Remote Features Table 2 5 Remote Connectors and Features Item Feature Description per RS 232C serial A DB9P connector for loading software updates port AC adapter Connection for the ac adapter charger supplied with the test tool charger jack 3 AC power LED Style 1 A green LED that turns on when the test tool is powered indicator with the ac adapter charger LED Style 2 A multicolor LED with four states Off AC adapter charger is not connected or is connected without the battery pack installed Blinking Red The ac adapter charger is trickle charging the battery in preparation for fast charging This mode indicates an extremely low battery voltage The test tool may not operate Steady Red The ac adapter charger is fast charging the battery Steady Green Fast charging is complete The ac adapter charger continues to trickle charge the battery RJ45 connector A shielded 8 pin jack for shielded and unshielded twisted pair cable Pass LED A green LED that turns on at the end of a test if no faults were detected Test LED A yellow LED that turns on when a test is in progress Fail LED A red LED that turns on at the end of a test if one or more faults were detected Low battery L
2. Short ot Wires 1 and 2 are shorted You can 3 3 use the TDR test to locate the short 6 6 4 4 5 5 Z Z 8 8 s S gc51i eps Open Z zs Wire 1 is not connected from end to 3 3 end or open You can use the TDR F by test to locate the open 5 5 Z 8 8 s S gc53i eps Split pair 4 1 A wire in the 3 6 pair is twisted with a 3 3 wire in the 4 5 pair You can use the O A TDX analyzer to locate the split pair 5 5 7 8 8 S S gc55i eps On page 7 23 Table 7 1 replace the entire first column and the bottom two cells of the second column with the following 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 4 4 a 3 7 8 8 5 5 gc53i eps Wire map display showing an open on pair 1 2 7 00 Manual Supplement nooOnona N wn gc59i eps Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 1 2 and 3 6 a ONDA OWN ONDA OWN S 5 gc47i eps Wire map display showing reversed pair on pair 1 2 Inspect the color code at each connection termination SS 5 gc49i eps Wire map display showing transposed pairs on 1 2 and 3 6 ONAL DW N ONAL OW N Inspect the color codes of the wires at each connection termination DSP 100 DSP2000 Users 7 00 DSP 100 DSP 2000 Users Manual Supplement On page 7 25 replace the wire map display at the top of the first column with the following S 5 gc51i eps Wire map display showing a short between p
3. ceecesceseecssecsecenseenaecsneeeaaes 3 8 Screen for Saving Autotest Results 0 0 eee ceecseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeenaees 3 9 Part of an Autotest Report for Twisted Pair eee eeceeeeeeeceeeeeseeenaeens 3 10 Autotest Report for Coaxial Cable eeseseseeeesseeeereerrerresrrsrresrrrrssrrerresee 3 11 Autotest Report Summary isesi enroesissitoeicerste vistik oaen snae iE RE Eie 4 1 Single Test Connections for Twisted Pair Cable eee eeceesseeereeereeeees 4 3 Example of a TDX Analyzer Plot for a Good Twisted Pair Cable Run 4 3 Example of a TDR Plot Twisted Pair Results 0 cee ceecececeeeceeenteceeneeees 4 4 Single Test Connections for Coaxial Cable oo eee eecceeeeeeeeeeseeeeneeeeeees 4 5 Connections for Monitoring Network Traffic eee ceeceeeceseceseeeneeeeees 4 6 Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise cee eeseceseceseecneeceneeeneee 5 1 Connections for Printing Test Reports cee ceeceeseceseceseecssecssecesaeesaeeaees 6 1 Connections for Self Calibration Smart Remote Shown cccceeees 7 1 Twisted Pair Cable Construction ccceecccceesceceeeeceeeneceeaeeeceeeeeaeeceeneeees 7 2 EIA TIA RJ45 Connections 0 ee ececeesseceeeeeceeeeeeaeceeaeeceeneecsaeeeenaeeneaeeeaes 7 3 Coaxial Cable Construction cccceccseceecceeeeeceeeeeceeaeeceeneeeaeeesaaeceeaeeceeeees 7 4 Attenuation of a Signaleren eitie iee enin NE ERA 7 5 Sources of Electrical Noise eesseessese
4. Figure 1 1 Standard Accessories gc01f eps Introduction 1 Using This Manual Using This Manual A Warning Before using the test tool carefully read Safety and Operational Information at the beginning of Chapter 2 If you are familiar with the general features functions and operation of LAN cable testers and want to start testing cables immediately proceed as follows 1 Read Quick Start in Chapter 2 to prepare the test tool for operation access the test tool s functions and run an Autotest 2 Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure 3 Refer to Appendix B Glossary to find definitions for unfamiliar terms If you have never used a LAN cable tester but want to start testing cables immediately and learn as you work proceed as follows 1 Read Quick Start in Chapter 2 to prepare the test tool for operation access the test tool s functions and run an Autotest 2 Refer to Appendix B Glossary to find definitions for unfamiliar terms Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure 4 Refer to Chapter 3 Autotest to find more detailed information about cable tests and test results 5 Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests to learn how to run individual tests and monitor ne
5. gc11c eps Table 3 5 Items on the NEXT Plot Screen QO Description The cable pairs relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz of the NEXT test Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the NEXT value at the cursor s position The limits for NEXT as defined by the selected test standard A crosshair is shown if the limit is defined for only one frequency Decibels of crosstalk attenuation NEXT between the cable pairs The measured NEXT for the cable pairs 3 13 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual NEXT REMOTE Results The NEXT REMOTE test and its results are identical to the NEXT test described above except that the NEXT REMOTE measurements are taken from the remote end of the cable and sent to the main unit ACR The ACR test calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk ACR for each combination of cable pairs ACR is expressed as the difference in dB between the measured NEXT and attenuation values ACR is calculated using values obtained from the NEXT and attenuation tests ACR Results The first ACR results screen shows the NEXT pairs and attenuation pair used to calculate the ACR result the worst case ACR margin and a PASS or FAIL result for each set of pairs To see detailed resu
6. to move the cursor left or right Use to change the maximum distance of the horizontal scale The percentage of reflected signal relative to the size of the TDR test signal Positive values indicate locations on the cable where the impedance is higher than the cable s characteristic Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable The Single Test results for twisted pair cable are identical to those displayed by an Autotest with exceptions noted in the following paragraphs Tests not required by the selected test standard produce a Warning result when measured values exceed the test s limits 4 12 Running Individual Tests 4 Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable Wire Map Wire map results are identical to the Autotest version See Wire Map in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the wire map test includes the scanning function Length If a remote is connected the length test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message HO REMOTE DETECTED and the limit and result columns are not shown If the length of a cable pair cannot be determined the length value on the display is blank and WARNING appears in the result column NEXT and NEXT REMOTE The NEXT test and results are identical to the Autotest version See NEXT in Chapter 3 for details The NEXT REMOTE test is avai
7. list of setting s 2 19 Remote end test quick setup how to enable disable Shield test 2 24 quick start 2 4 Short Replacement parts 8 6 Reports wire map display 3 7 Single test formatting uploaded reports A 7 os fc for c ati lcable organizing reports on a PC A 5 printing tepons tests for twisted pair Smart remote See Remote samples of Autotest reports 3 25 mode on rotary switch viewing deleting and renaming reports 5 6 Softkeys gt Resistance i ps test for coaxial cable 3 22 a Dy test for twisted pair 3 8 4 Software update Reversed pairs wite map dispi Special Functions RJ11 connector Tr 2n gt i connector 2 13 explanation of split pair 7 12 wire map display 3 7 explenanen ar RL7 20 Standard remote See Remote plot description 3 18 Storage results screen items 3 17 Stra 2 16 test for twisted pair 3 17 P Rotary switch modes Switch modes 2 16 S T TDR Time Domain Reflectometr effects of termination results example plots 7 23 explanation of TDR 7 15 interpreting the plot 7 18 Safety and operational information Saving Autotest results 3 23 Scanning Self test failure 8 4 Index continued plot description 4 11 results screen items test for twisted pair and coaxial cable 4 9 TDX analyzer example plots 7 23 interpreting the plot plot description results screen items 4 7 runn
8. eee ences Appendix A Using DSP LINK Introduction DSP LINK is a Windows program that allows you to do the following Configure a PC s serial port for communication with the test tool Transfer saved Autotest reports and report summaries from the test tool to a PC View and print saved Autotest reports and summaries Transfer test data in CSV format from the test tool to a PC View and print plots from the last test run Transfer software updates and new test standards from a PC to the test tool The minimum requirements for running DSP LINK are an 80386 microprocessor system with 4 M bytes of RAM Windows 3 1 software and a VGA monitor A 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual A 2 Installing DSP LINK The DSP LINK installation program copies the DSP LINK files from the diskette provided to the drive of your choice The program creates a DSPLINK directory for storing the files The installation program also allows you to change the name and path of this directory To install DSP LINK on your computer proceed as follows 1 Put the DSP LINK diskette in either the A or B floppy disk drive 2 From Windows use the Program Manager or the File Manager to run the file SETUP EXE from the DSP LINK diskette 3 Follow the instructions given by the SETUP program Preparing for Data Transfer For all data transfer operations you must connect the test tool to the PC with the appropriate interface cable and set the test to
9. 15V dc 1A output Remote unit 9V alkaline battery Typical life of alkaline battery in remote 6 months Memory backup power in main unit Lithium battery Typical life of lithium battery 5 years Environmental Requirements Operating temperature 32 to 113 F 0 to 45 C Storage temperature 4 to 140 F 20 to 60 C Pollution degree 2 Altitude 9843 ft 3000m Avoid use outside the operating boundaries shown in Figure 8 3 Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications 0 20 fo 20 t40 60 80 100 120 140 4 32 Temperature deg F 20 40 50 60 0 30 Temperature deg C P ____ Storage 20 C to 60 C SSS Normal Operation 0 C to 45 C gc40f eps Figure 8 3 Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings Models DSP 100 and DSP 2000 are designed to measure unpowered cables The inputs are protected against continuous current limited telco voltages lt 100 mA Model DSP 2000 can withstand occasional overvoltages of less than 30V rms 42V peak 60V dc 8 15 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Certifications Table 8 9 shows the certifications that apply to the test tool Table 8 9 Certifications C Conforms to relevant European Union directives LISTED _ Safety listed by UL UL 950Z The control number of the Fluke Corporation is 950Z ALSO CLASSIFIED TIA TSB 67 This instrument meets the requirements of ACCURACY Telecommunications In
10. A FAIL result means that the measured impedance exceeds the specified limit or an impedance anomaly is detected A Warning result means that the measured impedance exceeds test limits but the characteristic impedance test is not required by the selected test standard The warning result causes a warning to appear as the test summary result in printed reports If an impedance anomaly is detected on a cable pair the display shows the distance to the anomaly in meters or feet and the result is displayed as FAIL The test tool reports an anomaly if 15 or more of the test signal is reflected If more than one anomaly is detected on a cable pair the distance to the largest anomaly is displayed You can use the TDR test to plot the locations and sizes of impedance anomalies on the cable 3 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Attenuation Note Incorrect conduit or temperature settings can cause false attenuation results You can change these settings in the SETUP mode as described in Configuring the Test Tool in Chapter 2 The attenuation test measures the loss of signal strength over the length of the cable The first attenuation results screen shows the cable pairs tested the worst case attenuation margin found and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight a cable pair then press Yiew Result Table 3 2 describes the items on the attenuation results screen
11. Press to start the traffic test When using Model DSP 2000 use the 16T Only or 18HT Only softkey to select traffic monitoring at 10 Mb s or 100 Mb s If you don t know which speed to use and the test tool is not already trying to link using Auto Negotiation press until the display reads Auto Negotiation This causes the test tool to select the proper speed to match the hub As the traffic test runs the results shown on the test tool s display are updated every second Table 4 7 describes the items on the screen Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity 4 Table 4 7 Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen Item Utilization Last I second Utilization Average Utilization Peak Collisions Last I second Collisions Average Collisions Peak Bottom of screen Sound On Sound OFF 4 Stop Test Description Percentage of the network s transmission bandwidth used over the last 1 second Utilization includes correct frames collisions and jabber The percentage indicates the current traffic density The average of all the 1 second utilization percentages since the start of the test The highest 1 second utilization percentage recorded since the start of the test The percentage of collision frames as compared to the total number of frames detected in the last 1 second Collisions are counted when runt packets are detected The average of all the 1 second collision percentages since th
12. TIA Cat 5 Channel mx 1 100 MHz Wf o TIA Cat 5 Basic Link g TIA Cat 4 Channel o TIA Cat 4 Basic Link o TIA Cat 3 Channel o TIA Cat 3 Basic Link g Fiber Optic E Loss IS011801 EN50173 Class A m IS011801 EN50173 Class B ISO IEC11801 Class C E 1 16 MHz E o ISO IEC11801 Class D E 1 100 MHz m 1 100 MHz m o ISO 11801 Class D No RL E 1 100 MHz o EN 50173 Class C E 1 16 MHz o EN 50173 Class D E 1 100 MHz m 1 100 MHz m o EN 50173 Class D No RL E 1 100 MHz o IEEE 10Base2 o IEEE 10Base5 o 1 Test standards version 4 0 N Resistance propagation delay and delay skew are always measured results appear on printed test reports Pass Fail result given Pass Warning result given Results within the accuracy specifications of the test tool are marked with an asterisk x O NEXT test is run but not displayed Results are used to calculate ACR DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Table C 1 Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest continued Test Standard Coax Cables IEEE 10BaseT 100BaseTX 100BaseT4 IEEE 802 12 4 UTP IEEE 802 12 STP TokenRing 4 Mb s TokenRing 16 Mb s Passive TokenRing 16 Mb s Active TP PMD Twin Ax RJ45 pins 4 5 S ARCnet Aus NZ Class C Channel Aus NZ Class D Channel Aus NZ Class C Basic Link Aus NZ Class D Basic Link All Tests E 2 pair E 2 pair E 4 pair E 4 pair E 2 pair a E 2 pair E 2 pair E 2 pair E 2 pair E 1 pair E 4 pair E 4
13. Table 3 2 Items on the Attenuation Results Screen Item Pair Result Attenuation Frequency Limit Margin 3 10 Description The cable pair relevant to the results The overall result for the test A PASS result means that measured attenuation is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured attenuation is higher than the specified limit If the test passed this value is the highest measured attenuation If the test failed this value is the highest measured attenuation that exceeds the test limits If the test passed this frequency is where the highest measured attenuation occurred If the test failed this is where the highest failing value of attenuation occurred The highest attenuation value acceptable at the frequency shown This value is based on the maximum allowable cable length The difference between the worst case attenuation and the limit A positive number means that the measured attenuation value is lower than the limit A negative number means that the attenuation is higher than the limit Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Pressing Yiew Plot produces the attenuation plot screen Figure 3 3 shows an example of the screen and Table 3 3 describes the items on the screen Attenuation Pair 3 6 dB 40 6 gt 30 C ae ad ee Co ems a SOMHz 100 2 1dB margin at 1 0MHz a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cur
14. because little of the signal is lost in reflections Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting LAN cable installations is most often required during cable installation or modification When cable is handled carefully and installed correctly it usually operates trouble free for years Finding Cable Faults A general rule for finding cable faults is as follows With very few exceptions faults occur at cable connections Cable connections include telecommunication outlets patch panels punchdown blocks and transition connectors Connections are the most likely places for faults for at least three reasons 1 Connections always alter the impedance of the transmission path 2 connections are likely places for faults caused by wiring errors and faulty or incompatible hardware installation and 3 connections always cause some crosstalk due to the untwisting of cable pairs When cable is handled carelessly faults can occur in the middle of the cable These faults can happen when the cable is stepped on sharply bent pinched by cable ties or other hardware or otherwise stressed A general procedure for finding cable faults excluding sources of noise and traffic faults involves the following steps 1 Run an Autotest on the cable 2 Analyze the results of failed tests and determine a probable cause for the failure If you are using Model DSP 2000 press for specific information on the fa
15. enabling disabling 2 28 BNC connector 2 13 Bulletin board system A 8 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Display Cabl adjusting contrast ea gt size basic troubleshooting 7 21 DSP LINK configuring a custom cable 6 4 i hardware requirements A 1 construction coaxial and twisted pair a2 A 1 installing A 2 o e summary of fntons AS interface for printing 5 2 pin connections for 568 standard 7 3 E Cable temperature Email address for Fluke A 8 effect on test results selecting 2 24 F ace nae auc start 2 4 False test results 8 5 Cable type selecting 2 24 Fault anomaly threshold twisted pair 3 9 Fault info key 3 4 selecting quick start 2 4 gt saes Fiber optic cable testing 2 4 Calibrating the test tool 6 1 Frequency 155 MHz Certifications TE i Channel Front panel main unit configuration diagram 2 8 test standard selection 2 24 remote 2 14 Characteristic impedance See Impedance Communicating with a PC A 2 H downloading software updates A 10 Headroom 3 4 downloading test standards A 9 Hub port capabilities 4 23 problems with communications Hub port locator 4 20 Conduit setting effect on test results 2 25 selecting 2 25 Impedance selecting quick start 2 4 anomaly on coaxial cable 3 22 Configure custom cable 6 4 anomaly on twisted pair Connectors era iain unit oe of char
16. flashes continuously The unit beeps and the fail LED flashes continuously Test LED is on Pass and fail LEDs flash as tests pass or fail Main unit is running a test Testing LED is on Pass and fail LEDs flash as tests pass or fail Previous test passed Pass LED turns on for 15 Pass LED turns on for 15 seconds seconds Previous test failed Fail LED turns on for 15 seconds seconds Battery voltage is low Message appears on main unit The unit beeps and the low battery LED flashes Fail LED turns on for 15 continuously Battery voltage is too low to operate Message appears on main unit The unit beeps and the low battery LED is on continuously Overvoltage condition detected on cable under test Message appears on main unit The unit beeps and all LEDs flash continuously 2 29 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Remote End Testing 2 30 If you have a second test tool or a smart remote you can perform remote end testing The remote end testing feature allows you to run the near end crosstalk NEXT test at the far end of the cable and get the attenuation to crosstalk ratio ACR from the far end of the cable without switching the positions of the main and remote units When you enable remote testing the NEXT REMOTE and ACR REMOTE tests appear in the AUTOTEST and SINGLE TEST modes if the selected test standard requires the tests M
17. measurement technology that combines test pulses with digital signal processing to provide fast accurate results and advanced testing capabilities The test tool includes the following features e Checks LAN cable performance against IEEE ANSI TIA and ISO IEC standards e Presents test options and results in a simple menu system e Presents displays and printed reports in English German French Spanish or Italian e Runs all critical tests automatically 1 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Produces 2 way Autotest results in approximately 20 seconds Includes a stored library of common test standards and cable types Allows for configuration of up to 4 custom test standards Time Domain Crosstalk TDX analyzer locates the position of crosstalk NEXT problems on a cable Tests for return loss RL Produces plots of NEXT attenuation ACR and RL Shows NEXT ACR and attenuation results up to 155 MHz Stores at least 500 cable test results in nonvolatile memory Monitors impulse noise and network traffic on Ethernet systems Hub port locator helps you identify port connections Sends stored test reports to a host computer or directly to a serial printer Flash EPROM accepts test standard and software upgrades Tests fiber optic cable when used with a Fluke DSP Fiber Optic Meter Model DSP 2000 includes the following additional features Monitors 100BaseTX network traffic Diagnostic routine provides spe
18. the test tool displays the following message Delete All Printed Reports To delete the printed reports from memory press Yes twice To exit without deleting the printed reports press No or Ex If the Printer Does Not Respond If the printer does not respond correctly to the test tool the message Serial Port Error appears In this case check the following e Verify that the printer indicates an online condition e Verify that the baud rate and flow control settings are the same for the test tool and the printer e Verify that the printer type in Setup matches the type of printer connected to the test tool e Verify that the interface cable is securely connected to the printer and the test tool e Verify that the cable or adapter you are using is compatible with your printer Pin assignments for the test tool s serial port are given in Specifications in Chapter 8 Refer to your printer s manual for specifications on your printer s serial port 5 5 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 5 6 Viewing Renaming and Deleting Test Reports To view rename or delete test reports proceed as follows 1 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Press to select View Delete Test Reports The VIEW DELETE TEST REPORTS screen appears showing the first screen of test record labels The reports are listed in the order saved starting with the oldest report in memory Each test report label shows the date and ti
19. 000 m s Speed Pulse Travels in Cable X 100 Speed of Light gc34f eps Figure 7 8 How NVP is Calculated NVP values affect the limits on cable length for Ethernet systems because Ethernet operation depends on the system s ability to detect collisions in a specified amount of time If a cable s NVP is too low or the cable is too long signals are delayed and the system cannot detect collisions soon enough to prevent serious problems in the network NVP and Length Measurements Length measurements depend directly on the NVP value entered for the selected cable type To measure length the test tool first measures the time it takes for a test pulse to travel the length of the cable The test tool then calculates cable length by multiplying the travel time by the signal speed in the cable Because the test tool uses the length measurement to determine cable resistance limits the NVP value also affects the accuracy of resistance measurements Basic Cable Testing Time Domain Reflectometry TDR NVP Calibration The NVP values specified for standard cables are included in the cable specifications stored in the test tool These values are accurate enough for most length measurements However the actual NVP for one cable type can vary up to 20 between batches because of variations in the manufacturing process Therefore if accurate length measurements are critical to your installation or testing process you sho
20. 1 2 100 Pair Distance _ Peak 32 f tt 72 356 138 ft End 455 136 ft End o 758 134 ft End 100TA 17 35 Ref lection Pi at 27ft a to select pair a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor View Next gannin Plot Pair OFFI gc57i eps gc58i eps TDR results showing open on TDR plot of results shown at pair 1 2 at near end connector left WIRE MAP RJ45 PIN RJ45 PIN aati 12345678 FAIL Split pairs detected 1 3 gc59i eps Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 1 2 and 3 6 WIRE MAP RJ45 PIN 12345678 7 wa OIADI RJ45 PIN 21345678 S FAIL gc61i eps Wire map display showing reversed pair on pair 1 2 RJ45 PIN RJ45 PIN gc62i eps Wire map display showing crossed pairs on 1 2 and 3 6 TDX Analyzer Pairs 1 2 3 6 100 50 0 Ft 100 200 Cursor at 109 ft av Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin Pairs On gc60i eps TDX plot showing split pair in a short cable segment that starts about 100 ft from test tool Inspect the cable connectors for reversed pairs Inspect the cable connectors for crossed pairs 7 23 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Table 7 1 Identifying Cable Faults continued Test Failure Wire map short Likely Causes of Failure Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Conductive material stuck between pins at a connection Damage to cable insulation NEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection Insufficient qualit
21. 200 400 Reflection 73 at 219 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin Pair On gc36c eps Figure 7 10 A TDR Plot Notice that the reflection percentages can be positive or negative A positive value indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the same as the polarity of the original signal As discussed earlier positive reflections are caused by abrupt increases in the cable s impedance such as those caused by mismatches in cable types poor connections or breaks in the cable 7 18 Basic Cable Testing ACR A negative reflection percentage indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the opposite of the original signal Negative reflections are caused by abrupt decreases in the cable s impedance such as those caused by mismatches in cable types or shorts on the cable The results plotted in Figure 7 10 are the results from a TDR test on pair 4 5 in a good twisted pair cable The results show a positive anomaly caused by the open end of the cable at about 219 feet Note that the left edge of a TDR reflection represents the location of the anomaly on the cable while the peak of the reflection represents the size of the anomaly The test tool s TDR plot includes a movable cursor with a readout that displays the cursor s position and the reflection percentage of the anomaly at the cursor s position You can move the cursor left and right by pressing the 4 keys on the test tool Figure 7 10
22. 3 9 Items on the RL Plot Screen Item Description The cable pair relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz of the RL test Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the RL value at the cursor s position The limits for RL as defined by the selected test standard Decibels of RL for the cable pair The measured RL for the cable pair RL REMOTE Model DSP 2000 The RL REMOTE test is identical to the RL test except that the RL values are measured from the remote end of the cable Autotest Autotest on Coaxial Cable PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT Model DSP 2000 The PSNEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs PSNEXT is expressed as the difference in amplitude in dB between the crosstalk received on a cable pair and a test signal transmitted on the other pairs PSNEXT is calculated from NEXT values The descriptions of the results are the same as for NEXT results except that they show the sum effect of NEXT on a cable pair Autotest on Coaxial Cable To run an Autotest on coaxial cable refer to Figure 3 7 and proceed as follows 3 19 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual For Length Test remove far end Termi
23. Monitor Remote Unit Required Supported by all remotes Required Supported by all remotes Required Supported by all remotes Required Supported by smart remotes and DSP 100 main units used as remotes With a standard remote results can be obtained by switching the positions of the remote and main unit and retesting Optional Supported by all remotes Without a remote the limit and pass fail result are not shown Optional Supported by all remotes Required Supported by all remotes Optional Supported by all remotes Without a remote the resistance of cable pairs is reported as open assuming the cable pair is not shorted Required Supported by all remotes Required Supported by DSP 2000 smart remote Required Supported by all remotes Test available only in Autotest mode Required Supported by smart remotes and DSP 100 main units used as remotes With a standard remote results can be obtained by switching the positions of the remote and main unit and retesting Test is available only in Autotest mode Required Supported by DSP 2000 smart remote Test is available only in Autotest mode Optional Supported by all remotes Without a remote the end of the cable is not identified Recommended Supported by all remotes Without a remote results from tests on short cables may be unreliable Recommended Supported by all remotes Without a remote test results may not represent the level of noise present
24. Related Function or Term Summary Data Summary data are the cable identification name date and time of the test cable length test result summary pass fail or warning total length and site name for the selected summaries as shown in the Autotest Reports window Save File as Type CSV Comma separated values are test data formatted for use in spreadsheet and database applications The test data are uploaded as a list of values separated by commas When you open the data file in another application the application places each comma separated value in a separate cell You can then use the data to create plots of NEXT attenuation ACR and RL See your spreadsheet or database manual or help file for instructions on using CSV data If your test tool s numeric format is set to use a comma as the decimal separator the test tool automatically uses a semicolon as the data separator in CSV files Save File as Type TXT Text files uploaded to a PC can be edited and printed using a word processor Data from the Last Test Run This data which is temporarily stored in a block of the test tool s memory include 1550 measurement points for each cable pair for each test that produces a plot Only data from tests specified by the selected test standards are available The data remain memory until you save the test run another test or turn the rotary switch to a new position When you save an Autotest the test tool saves only the worst case
25. To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight a pair then press Yiew Result Table 3 8 describes the items on the RL results screen Table 3 8 Items on the RL Results Screen Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Result The overall result for the RL test A PASS result means that the measured RL is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured RL is higher than specified limit RL The worst case return loss Worst case RL is the measured RL value that is closest to exceeding specifications If the RL exceeds specifications the value displayed is the value that exceeds specifications by the greatest amount The frequency where the worst case RL occurred Limit The specified limit for RL at the worst case frequency The limit is defined by the test standard selected The difference between the worst case RL and the Limit A positive number means that the worst case RL is better than the limit A negative number means that the worst case RL exceeds the limit 3 17 3 18 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Pressing Yiew Plot produces the RL plot screen Figure 3 6 shows an example of the screen and Table 3 9 describes the items on the screen SOMHz o 10 2 6dB margin at 1 0NHz a F Adjusts scale q p Moves cursor View Next Result Pair gc13c eps Figure 3 6 The RL Plot Screen Table
26. _ENTER_ Use the 2m Cat5 patch cable provided to connect the test tool to the remote as described on the display Press to start the self test When the self test is complete you can either return to the main Special Functions menu by pressing or start a new operation by turning the rotary switch to a new position If the self test fails refer to If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 2 21 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Overvoltage Test Noise The test tool periodically checks for dc voltages on the cable connected to the RJ45 jack A dc voltage means that the test tool is connected to an active telephone cable or other power source If voltage is detected the following message appears WARNING EACESSIVE YOLTAGE DETECTED AT INPUT Voltage on the cable can damage the test tool or cause errors in measurements Voltage must be removed before you can run any tests Test The test tool periodically checks for excessive electrical noise on the cable under test If excessive noise is detected the following message appears WARNING Excessive noise detected Measurement accuracy may be degraded To continue the test press ENTER If you continue the test and then save the test results the test report will include the warning given above To stop the test and return to the first screen of the selected test mode press EXIT Configuring the Test Tool Controlling the Backlight 2 22 To turn on the display ba
27. asterisk when the asterisk is required by the selected test standard The asterisk appears on displayed and printed test results but does not appear in comma separated variable CSV data uploaded to a PC Pass lt _ Accuracy Limit Range of Test Tool gc02f eps Figure 2 1 The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy 2 6 Getting Started Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to determine if the cable you are testing meets the test standards specified for your LAN installation The following tests apply to twisted pair cable Wire Map Resistance Length Propagation Delay Delay Skew Impedance NEXT Near end Crosstalk Attenuation ACR Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio RL Return Loss PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT Model DSP 2000 only Some test standards require a NEXT measurement from both ends of the cable If you are using another main unit Model DSP 100 only or a smart remote as the remote unit and you enable remote end testing on the main unit the Autotest runs the REMOTE tests supported by the test tool if those tests apply to the selected test standard To Autotest twisted pair cable refer to Figure 2 2 on the next page and proceed as follows Note Standard remote units do not support remote end testing Note If the calibration message appears after you start the Autotest refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 fo
28. cable construction e Definitions and explanations of attenuation noise characteristic impedance crosstalk near end crosstalk NEXT NVP ACR and RL e Explanations of the TDR and TDX analyzer tests and plots e Basic troubleshooting procedures for LAN cable LAN Cable Construction LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of electrical cables All electrical cables have continuity which means that they serve as a complete path for electrical current flow Each end of a cable has some type of connector for connecting the cable to the appropriate electrical device Cables with multiple wires usually have a pin assignment that describes how the wires are arranged in the connectors 7 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Cables are designed to perform best in specific applications For example power cables are designed to minimize power losses at frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz LAN cables are designed to minimize signal distortion at higher frequencies Two types of cables are designed for use with LAN systems twisted pair cable and coaxial cable Twisted Pair Cable Twisted pair cable consists of wire pairs that are twisted together as shown in Figure 7 1 The wires are twisted to minimize crosstalk between the cable pairs Transformer Transformer gc27f eps Figure 7 1 Twisted Pair Cable Construction Each cable pair forms a complete electrical path for signal transmission The currents
29. caused by a connector 77 ft 23 5m from the test tool The vertical scale represents the magnitude of the crosstalk detected The crosstalk levels shown on the plot are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation Without this adjustment the peak on the right side of the plot farther from the test tool would appear much smaller The adjusted plot makes it easier for you identify crosstalk sources because you can use the scale on the vertical scale to measure crosstalk magnitudes plotted at any distance from the test tool You can also compare the relative magnitudes of crosstalk peaks to determine the largest sources of crosstalk on the cable TDX Analyzer Pairs 1 2 3 6 100 Oo ft 50 100 Cursor at 77 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 gt Moves cursor Next Scannin Pairs On gc32c eps Figure 7 6 A TDX Analyzer Plot Basic Cable Testing Crosstalk and Near End Crosstalk NEXT The scale of the vertical scale increases logarithmically The scale units are arbitrary A level of 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that is close to causing a cable failure The level of 100 is approximately 20 times greater than the level of 50 A level of 100 represents an extremely high level of crosstalk that is typically due to split pairs Cables or other hardware that cause crosstalk levels of 100 or above are considered unusable Crosstalk levels near 0 are considered to be inconsequential The TDX plot from a cable that failed a NEXT test may show
30. connect the test tool to the PC Start the DSP LINK program on the PC Click on Setup Select the following a the baud rate that matches the test tool s baud rate setting b the PC serial port number that is connected to the test tool c and the flow control that matches the test tool s flow control setting Click on Connect When communication is established the Setup menu closes and the bottom of the main DSP LINK menu shows which COM port and baud rate are in use Communication Problems If DSP LINK cannot connect to the test tool check the following Verify that the baud rates and flow control protocols are the same for the test tool and the PC Verify that the test tool is connected to the COM port selected on the DSP LINK Setup menu If you are not sure which port number you are connected to change the COM number on the Setup menu and try again Verify that the interface cable is securely connected to the test tool and to the selected serial port on the PC If you are not using the cable provided verify that the cable s pin assignment matches the pin assignment given for the serial PC interface cable given in Specifications in Chapter 8 If the PC still can t connect set the test tool and the PC to a lower baud rate and try again DSP LINK Functions Using DSP LINK DSP LINK Functions Table A 1 summarizes the functions available in DSP LINK Table A 2 defines some of the special functions and ter
31. flowing through the wires in each pair are equal but flow in opposite directions These currents produce electromagnetic fields that could transmit electrical noise to nearby wires However the fields surrounding the two wires have opposite polarities Twisting the wires together causes the fields to cancel out which minimizes the electrical noise or crosstalk generated by each cable pair There are two types of twisted pair cable shielded twisted pair STP and unshielded twisted pair UTP STP cable which may also be referred to as ScTP screened twisted pair or FTP foil screened twisted pair contains a conductive shield that is electrically grounded to protect the wires inside from electrical noise STP cable is more expensive and more difficult to install than UTP Figure 7 2 shows the pin connections and wire colors for correct wiring on standard 568A and 568B RJ45 connectors Basic Cable Testing LAN Cable Construction 568A Pin3 Pin 4 Pin 5 WoO 568B Pin 2 Pin 4 Pin 5 BL ne gc28f eps Figure 7 2 EIA TIA RJ45 Connections 7 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable consists of a conductor surrounded first by an insulating material then by a braided conductive sheath as shown in Figure 7 3 In LAN applications the sheath is electrically grounded and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise The shield also helps eliminate signal loss by keeping th
32. for the impulse noise test Select interface parameters for the serial port Enable or disable the test tool s beeper Set the date and time Select a format for the date and time Select a unit for length measurements Select a format for displaying decimal fractions Select a language for the display and printed reports Select a frequency for the power line noise filter Enable or disable the shield continuity test Modify test standards for custom cable configurations Select 100 MHz or 155 MHz as the maximum frequency for NEXT ACR and attenuation tests 2 19 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Print Allows you to send saved reports or report summaries to a serial printer You can print the results from previously stored Autotests Also allows editing of the report identification information Special Functions Allows you to do the following e View or delete test reports saved in memory e Generate a tone to use with an inductive pickup to identify cable runs Model DSP 2000 only e Determine the cable NVP to ensure maximum accuracy of length and resistance results e View the status of the NiCad battery in the main unit or smart remote e Calibrate the test tool to work with a new remote unit e Runa self test to verify proper operation of the test tool and the remote Smart Remote Model DSP 100 The SMART REMOTE mode causes the test tool to function as a smart remote In the SMART REMOTE mode when remote test
33. international electrical symbols used on the instrument or in this manual are described in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 International Electrical Symbols Warning Risk of electric shock Warning or Caution Risk of damage or destruction to equipment or software See explanations in the manual Equipment is protected by double insulation or reinforced insulation to protect the user against electric shock Do not connect this terminal to public communications networks such as telephone systems Battery should be recycled Refer to Replacing the NiCad Battery Pack in Chapter 8 2 1 QD D DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 2 2 A Warning To avoid possible fire or electric shock when charging the battery or powering the test tool with ac power use only the ac adapter charger provided with the test tool ACaution Never connect the test tool to telephone lines of any type including ISDN lines Doing so can damage the test tool Always turn on the test tool before connecting it to a cable Turning the test tool on activates the tool s input protection circuitry Except when monitoring network activity never connect the test tool to an active network Doing so may disrupt network operation When using a coaxial T connector to connect the test tool to a network never allow the T connector to touch a conductive surface Such contact may disrupt network operation Never attempt to insert any connector other tha
34. mode Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Press to start the Autotest 2 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 2 10 Autotest on Coaxial Cable The following tests are run during an Autotest on coaxial cable Impedance Resistance Length Anomaly detection Results shown only if anomalies are detected To run an Autotest on coaxial cable refer to Figure 2 3 and proceed as follows 1 2 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable you are testing If you want the Autotest to report cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cable Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode Remove any cable connected to the test tool s unused RJ45 connector Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cable and connect the cable to the BNC connector on the test tool On Model DSP 2000 use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack Press to start the Autotest Getting Started Autotest on Coaxial Cable For Length Test remove far end Terminator Connector Test Tool gc04f epc Figure 2 3 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable
35. not identified as the end Two largest reflections greater than or All reflections are shown equal to 15 Largest reflection is identified as the end of the cable Two largest reflections greater than or All reflections are shown The largest equal to 10 The largest reflection reflection comes from the end of the comes from the end of the cable but is cable not identified as the end No Ref lection reported fora All reflections are shown The plot will good cable On a faulty cable the test not show a reflection from the reports the two largest reflections but terminated end does not identify end of cable 4 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Running the TDR Test on Twisted Pair Cable To run the TDR test on twisted pair cable proceed as follows 1 2 Disconnect any PCs from the link you are testing If you are using a DSP 100 main unit as a remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON If you are testing with a remote connect the remote to the far end of the cable link Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Use to highlight TOR Press to
36. not shielded UTP cable is more susceptible to crosstalk than shielded twisted pair STP cable Glossary XON XOFF Flow Control XON XOFF Flow Control Transmitter ON transmitter OFF A software method of controlling data flow between two devices The receiving device tells the sending device to start or stop data transmission by sending commands over the data transmission line B 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual B 10 Appendix C Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest C 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Table C 1 Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest C 2 Test Standard Wire Map Resistance Length Impedanc NEXT e TIA Cat 5 Channel E 4 pair mx 1 100 MHz TIA Cat 5 Basic Link EX 1 100 MHz TIA Cat 4 Channel mek 1 20 MHz TIA Cat 4 Basic Link mx 1 20 MHz TIA Cat 3 Channel mx 1 16 MHz TIA Cat 3 Basic Link mx 1 16 MHz Fiber Optic P ISO11801 EN50173 Class A E 0 1 MHz IS011801 EN50173 Class B E 0 1 1 MHz ISO IEC11801 Class C E 1 16 MHz ISO IEC11801 Class D E 1 100 MHz ISO 11801 Class D No RL a E 1 100 MHz EN 50173 Class C E 1 16 MHz EN 50173 Class D 5 E 1 100 MHz EN 50173 Class D No RL E 1 100 MHz IEEE 10Base2 ooo m IEEE 10Base5 ooo a Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest C Table C 1 Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest continued Prop Delay Test Standard Attenuation ACR Return Loss Delay Skew
37. of crosstalk measured on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Crosstalk levels are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation Distance The measured distance from the main unit to the peak crosstalk value Yieu Plot DSP 100 2000 Users Manual TDX Analyzer Plot To view a TDX analyzer plot for a set of cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press Yiew Plot to see the plot screen for the pairs Figure 4 2 shows an example of a TDX analyzer plot and Table 4 3 describes the items on the screen 100 0 ft Q gt Cursor at a podiusts scale Next Pairs 50 TDX Analyzer Pairs 3 6 7 8 1 ft 4 p Moves cursor Scannin On 100 gc20c eps Figure 4 2 Example of a TDX Analyzer Plot for a Good Twisted Pair Cable Run Table 4 3 Items on a TDX Analyzer Plot Description The cable pairs relevant to the results location of the main test tool The distance along the cable under test The 0 at the left of the scale represents the Magnitude of crosstalk on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Crosstalk levels are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The Cursor Readout shows the distance to the crosstalk source at the cursor s position Use to move the curs
38. on a terminated cable Never used DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 4 4 Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cable To run a test as a Single Test refer to Figure 4 1 and proceed as follows Wall Outlet 2 Meters 2 Meters FO 0 6 2 6 2 a n Patch Panel Test Tool Smart Remote gc19f eps Figure 4 1 Single Test Connections for Twisted Pair Cable Model DSP 2000 Shown Note For instructions on running the TDR test or TDX analyzer or running tests from the MONITOR mode see the later sections on those topics in this chapter Note The standard remote does not support remote end testing Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit If you are using a DSP 100 main unit as the remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the remote to the far end of the cable link On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Use to highlig
39. one or more peaks of crosstalk greater than a level of 50 A failure can also be caused by a crosstalk level less than 50 if the level is sustained over a substantial distance of the cable DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Split Pairs and NEXT A split pair occurs when one wire from a cable pair is twisted together with a wire from a different cable pair Split pairs most frequently result from miswires at punchdown blocks and cable connectors Figure 7 7 shows an example of split pair wiring Notice that the pin to pin connections across the cable are correct but the pairs twisted together do not form a complete circuit 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 Incorrect Wiring Split Pair gc33f eps Figure 7 7 Split Pair Wiring Split pairs cause severe crosstalk because the signals in the twisted pairs come from different circuits The high crosstalk levels produced by split pairs cause low NEXT values during cable tests If the NEXT value is low enough the test tool reports a split pair during the wire map test The tool may also report split pairs if you test untwisted cable such as ribbon cable or untwisted telephone line If the tool reports split pairs when you are testing a cable made of multiple segments you can determine which segment has the split pair by running the TDX analyzer The TDX analyzer plot will show a large value of crosstalk starting at a distance that corresponds to the beginning of the segment with the split pair Ba
40. run the TDR test Running the TDR Test on Coaxial Cable To run the TDR test on coaxial cable proceed as follows oer ee Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable you are testing If desired remove the terminator from the far end of the cable Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct Remove any cable connected to the test tool s unused RJ45 connector Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cable and connect the cable to the BNC connector on the test tool On Model DSP 2000 use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack Use to highlight TOR Press to run the TDR test Running Individual Tests The TDR Test TDR Results Screen When the TDR test is complete the TDR results screen appears Table 4 5 describes the items on the screen Table 4 5 Items on a TDR Results Screen Twisted Pair Results ptm Desenption O O i O Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Not shown for coaxial cable results Distance The first distance is the measured distance from the test tool to the end of the cable The second distance if shown is the distance from the test tool to the beginning of the largest anomaly that caused a reflection greater than the limit defined by the selected test standard Peak Yieu Plot The percentage of the test signal reflected at the peak of the anomaly impedance anom
41. shows the cursor positioned near the beginning of an anomaly ACR ACR attenuation to crosstalk ratio is the difference between NEXT in dB and attenuation in dB The ACR value indicates how the amplitude of signals received from a far end transmitter compares to the amplitude of crosstalk produced by near end transmissions A high ACR value means that the received signals are much larger than the crosstalk In terms of NEXT and attenuation values a high ACR value corresponds to high NEXT and low attenuation 7 19 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 7 20 Figure 7 11 shows a plot of NEXT and attenuation limits along with the resulting ACR plot Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other 70 0 60 0 50 0 40 0 Limit in dB 30 0 20 0 ATTEN GOOD 10 0 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Frequency in MHz RL gc37f eps Figure 7 11 A Plot of NEXT Attenuation and the Resulting ACR RL return loss is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in the cable s impedance A RL plot indicates how well a cable s impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies High RL values mean a close impedance match which results in a large difference between the powers of transmitted and reflected signals Cables with high RL values are more efficient at transmitting LAN signals
42. the new NVP value press EXIT If the message CABLE FAULT DETECTED appears verify that the selected cable type is correct check the cable for proper pin connections or calibrate with a different cable 6 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 6 4 Configuring a Custom Cable The Configure Custom Cable function allows you to define custom test standards for up to four custom cables You can change the following parameters for your custom configuration e Baseline standard for cable definition e NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation e Maximum cable length e Fault threshold for impedance anomalies e Active pair assignments for cable pairs e Resistance e Characteristic impedance test enabled or disabled e Attenuation test enabled or disabled e NEXT and NEXT REMOTE tests enabled or disabled e RL test enabled or disabled e ACR and ACR REMOTE tests enabled or disabled e PSNEXT and PSNEXT REMOTE tests enabled or disabled Model DSP 2000 Note To determine the NVP for a custom cable configuration refer to the previous section NVP Calibration During the configuration process you can abandon the changes you have made by pressing Abort To reset a parameter back to the default value highlight the parameter then press Set to Default To reset all of the parameters back to default values highlight the test standard on Page 1 of 6 of the configuration screens then press Set to Default Calibrations and Custom Test
43. the selected test standard 5 Use to select the cable type you want then press ENTER J If you select a shielded cable type you can enable or disable the shield continuity test on page 6 of the SETUP screens You can test cables for NEXT attenuation and ACR up to 100 MHz or 155 MHz Because no industry standards specify cable performance beyond 100 MHz there are no test limits for these measurements The maximum frequency selection is on page 6 of the SETUP screens Selecting an Average Cable Temperature Some test standards require you to select an average temperature for the cable you are testing The selected temperature appears on the display when you turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST If the test standard has no temperature dependent limits Nf A is displayed If you select a test standard that has temperature dependent limits the test tool uses a default value of below 21 C 69 F for the average cable temperature Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool An increase in cable temperature causes an increase in attenuation To compensate for this increase the test tool uses the temperature you select to modify the attenuation test limits To avoid passing faulty cables or failing good cables select the temperature that is closest to the cable s average temperature To select an average cable temperature proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Use to highlight the average cable tempera
44. tool reports an anomaly if 10 or more of the test signal is reflected The result shows the distance to the largest anomaly detected 3 22 Autotest Saving Autotest Results Saving Autotest Results The test tool s memory can store the results of 500 or more Autotests depending on the software version and test standard used You can save the results from an Autotest anytime after the Autotest is complete but before another Autotest or a Single Test is started To save Autotest results proceed as follows 1 After an Autotest is complete press Save The test save screen appears as shown in Figure 3 8 Table 3 10 describes the items on the screen Use the appropriate editing keys to enter a cable identification name for the test results you are saving To delete the character left of the cursor press Delete To add characters to the name use the gt and keys to highlight characters in the list then enter the highlighted character in the cable identification by pressing ENTER To edit characters in the middle of a name use G_ to move the cursor into the name Model DSP 2000 allows you to increment or decrement an alphanumeric character anywhere in the cable identification Use G__J to highlight the desired character then press INC or DEC To move the cursor back to the right most character press C J until the cursor wraps back to the right Press to store the test results with the cable identific
45. 0435 Case standard remote top 116160 Case standard remote bottom 100385 8 6 Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Table 8 2 Replacement Parts continued Description Part Number Bail 938340 Strap 946769 Soft carrying case 948992 Hard carrying case 625407 Users manual English 642964 Users manual French 603719 Users manual Spanish 604477 Users manual German 604451 Users manual Italian 604469 DSP LINK software 1416145 Specifications Service Center Calibration Period One year Self Calibration Period To ensure maximum accuracy of test results perform the self calibration procedure as described in Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 every 30 days Note All specifications for tests on twisted pair cable apply to cable with 100Q of characteristic impedance Compatibility with Remote Units Model DSP 100 is compatible with DSP R and DSP SR units and with other DSP 100 test tools set to the SMART REMOTE mode It can store calibration data for eight different remotes Model DSP 2000 is compatible with DSP 2000SR units It can store calibration data for two different smart remotes 8 7 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Cable Types Tested Unshielded twisted pair LAN cables of all categories UTP category 3 category 4 and category 5 Foil screened twisted pair cables ScTP category 3 category 4 and category 5 Sh
46. 100 2000 Users Manual Autotest on Coaxial Cable cccccccccccssssssesesesssesssssssessecssscsssessnesseessseseneees Autotest Results for Coaxial Cable Saving Autotest Results 0 0 cecescesecseecoeecocesseesteceseeeseesscesseesaseeestecnteceees THE A totest REPOrties sapsscyssd sccdeyssteseers sdtveses ssetncnssa iE EEE EENE EATE NEIE Running Individual Tests 0ccccceessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseseeeeeeeeeeeeenees Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cable cece eeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeees Scanning PUNCHOMN scissioni eiiie eenaa earainn ieies eai When to Use a Remote Unit 0 eeceeeeeesceeeeeeecaeceaecnaeseaeeseeeeseeeseeeees The TDX Analy Zeer vise teivessisibdssstaionidesieded saigiesuel divavesiesneadeatseesaeneitevsl dieevaede Whe TDR VOSE ssceisst clsdeatoiuzsotess crsioes ge a a o a r A eia iai Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cable oo cece eesceeseeneeeeneeeneeeeeeeenes Single Tests for Coaxial Cable eeccesceeseceseeeceeceeeseeeseeeeeeseneeeaeeseneeees Monitoring Network Activity 00 cee cee eeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeseeeseeeaeecaaecsaesaeenaeeeaeee Identifying Hub Port Connections 0 eee eeeceeeceseceeeeeeeeeeneeeseeeneeeaeeesaeenaees Monitoring Impulse Noise 0 eee eeeeeseceeeeeseeeeeeeeneeeaeeeaeeeaeecsaeceaecsaeenaeeeaeee Determining Hub Port Capabilities Model DSP 2000 Using the Tone Generator Model DSP 2000 ec eeeceeeceeeeteceenteceeeeeeeeeee Viewing and Printing Saved
47. 4 Single Test Connections for Coaxial Cable Model DSP 2000 Shown 4 15 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Single Test Results for Coaxial Cable The Single Test results for coaxial cable are identical to those displayed by an Autotest with exceptions noted as follows Impedance Identical to Autotest version See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Resistance Identical to Autotest version See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the resistance test includes the scanning function Length Identical to Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details TDR for Coaxial Cable The TDR test is described for both twisted pair and coaxial cable in the earlier section The TDR Test Monitoring Network Activity The MONITOR mode on the rotary switch allows you to monitor Ethernet traffic for collisions jabber peak traffic and percentage of network utilization You can monitor traffic on 10BaseT twisted pair or 10Base2 coaxial cable Model DSP 2000 can monitor traffic on 10 100BaseTX cable as well This feature allows you to identify active cables and provides some information on network activity If you want to troubleshoot active networks contact your Fluke representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools When connected to a network the test tool automatically generates link pulses to activate the hub Model DSP 2000 uses Auto Negotiation when attempting to link to moni
48. 5 seconds The display contrast may be too high Symptom 2 Remote unit is not detected Charge or replace the battery in the remote Verify that the cable is securely connected to the main and remote units Connect the remote with a different cable The cable you are using may be defective Check the connectors on the main and remote units for damage Symptom 3 Test results appear to be incorrect Perform a self test to verify correct operation See Performing a Self Test in Chapter 2 for details Verify that the test standard cable type temperature conduit setting and power line frequency all in SETUP are correctly set See Chapter 2 for details Perform a self calibration See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for details Perform a NVP calibration See Calibrating the NVP Value in Chapter 6 for details Symptom 4 Internal fault detected Note any error number displayed Turn the unit off then turn it on again Stored data may be lost If the error occurs again contact a Fluke Service Center for assistance Symptom 5 Test tool does not operate with ac adapter charger connected the battery is removed Turn off the test tool then charge the battery for about 30 minutes before resuming operation Replace the NiCad battery pack Symptom 6 Self calibration fails Symptom 7 Test tool is locked in the power on sequence Verify that the NiCad battery pack is inst
49. 80 0 FAULT ANOMALY THRESHOLD 10 Test Standard Coax Cables FLUKE DSP 2000 S N 6680915 Cable Type 10Base2 50 Ohms Software Version 3 29 Standards Version 3 06 Impedance ohms Limit 42 58 49 Length ft Limit 607 No Reflection Prop Delay ns No Reflection Resistance ohms Limit 48 0 65 0 50 5 gc17f eps Figure 3 10 Autotest Report for Coaxial Cable MUKILTEO CABLE CO Cable ID Date Time SITE Length ft RM1CBL1 01 06 97 09 51 46am MOUNTAIN REAL ESTATE 77 PASS RM1CBL2 01 06 97 09 56 53am MOUNTAIN REAL ESTATE 98 FAIL RM2CBL1 01 06 97 10 00 44am MOUNTAIN REAL ESTATE ET PASS RM2CBL2 01 06 97 10 01 50am MOUNTAIN REAL ESTATE 120 PASS RM2CBL3 01 06 97 10 04 16am MOUNTAIN REAL ESTATE 99 PASS Total Length 471 gc18f eps Figure 3 11 Autotest Report Summary 3 27 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 3 28 Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests Chapter 4 provides the following information e Descriptions of the test results produced by the TDX analyzer and TDR test e Instructions for running Single Tests on twisted pair cable e Instructions for running Single Tests on coaxial cable e Instructions for using the tests available in the MONITOR mode e Instructions for using the tone generator Model DSP 2000 Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cable The SINGLE TEST mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the tests available in the Autotest mode except the ACR test SINGLE TEST mode featur
50. A FAIL result means that the impedance exceeds the limit You can use the TDR test to plot the locations and sizes of all impedance anomalies on the cable 3 21 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the loop resistance of the cable and the terminator If a terminator is not connected or if the cable is open the resistance value is reported as OPEN If the cable or the terminator is shorted the resistance value is reported as near 0Q Resistance values over 400Q are reported as OPEN Length Note Because a cable terminator eliminates signal reflections in coaxial cable the test tool cannot measure the length of a terminated coaxial cable The length test measures the length of the cable when a terminator is not connected If a terminator is connected the result of the length test is reported as HO REFLECTION A PASS result means that the measured length is within the limit specified by the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured length exceeds the limit Notes Differences between measured and actual values of cable length can be caused by variations in the cable s NVP value To ensure maximum accuracy of length measurements perform an NVP calibration as described in Chapter 6 The length test limits include an extra 10 to account for variations in NVP Anomaly This result is shown at the bottom of the screen only if an impedance anomaly is detected The test
51. DAMAGES OR LOSSES INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA WHETHER ARISING FROM BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT TORT RELIANCE OR ANY OTHER THEORY Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B V P O Box 9090 P O Box 1186 Everett WA 98206 9090 5602 BD Eindhoven U S A The Netherlands 5 94 Table of Contents Chapter Page 1 INTRODU CU OM i cdcciesieeeicescnesineecneeiectewesawedeanecenteseceausiewesetedsdeauseieessiweuens Overview OF Features ose cise sos edenedadisansnslsseredsolecdeiis Wes eetbsnusehd iae ia Standard ACCESSOMCS 5ci ei stessssvesiecsvassccesvnvnsidecdsevtdveeestcoseesaovacensobsertoasneesetenees 1 3 Usine This Manual secretion ceii coved aee OESE ia Ai 2 pT ELD eco 1 pee a ran oe er ee ee eee A Safety and Operational Information cccccccccescsesesetesesetenetetenecseseeeees QUICK SCAN irc 0t sites sath desi E E E EAT E NE Quick Con Surati Omer csvsececscvissecesebless Gres aii iaeiiai Results within Accuracy Range 0 cee ceeccesseeeseeeseeeseeeaeceaecnseceseeseeeseeeseeeees Autotest on Tw
52. DR Test Twisted Pair Coaxial Distance accuracy 1 ft 0 3m 2 distance 1 ft 0 3m 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ftor 0 1m 1 ftor 0 4m Return Loss Return loss range 0 to 30 dB Accuracy 3 dB over the following ranges 0 to 18 dB from 1 to 10 MHz 0 to 15 dB from 10 1 to 20 MHz 0 to 10 dB from 20 1 to 100 MHz DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Impulse Noise Adjustable from 100 mV to 500 mV in 10 mV steps The default threshold is 270 mV Monitors either polarity of noise on pair 3 6 Minimum detectable impulse width 10 ns Model DSP 100 LAN Traffic Monitors 10 Mb s Ethernet only UTP or coaxial cable Monitors pair 3 6 for either polarity of data Generates a positive polarity link pulse on pair 1 2 Model DSP 2000 LAN Traffic Monitors 10BaseT traffic using the MONITOR RJ45 jack Monitors pair 3 6 for either polarity of traffic Generates a positive polarity link pulse on pair 1 2 Monitors 100BaseTX traffic Ethernet traffic using the MONITOR RJ45 jack Monitors pair 3 6 for either polarity of traffic Generates 100BaseTX link signals on pair 1 2 Auto negotiates between 10BaseT and 100BaseTX using the MONITOR RJ45 jack Monitors pair 3 6 for 10BaseT or 100BaseTX link pulses Generates Auto Negotiation signals on pair 1 2 Monitors 10 Mb s Ethernet traffic using the COAX jack with the RJ45 to BNC adapter provided Serial Interface Connector DB9 DTE male Bau
53. DR plot showing impedance anomaly caused by a 150 cable segment in a 1002 run 7 25 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 7 26 Chapter 8 Maintenance and Specifications Chapter 8 provides the following information e Instructions for cleaning and storing the test tool e Instructions for replacing batteries e A troubleshooting guide to use when the test tool is not operating correctly e Instructions for returning the unit for repair e A list of replacement parts e Electrical and mechanical specifications Maintenance Cleaning and Storage Clean the test tool and remote with a soft cloth dampened with water or water and a mild soap ACaution To avoid damaging the display or the case do not use solvents or abrasive cleansers 8 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual If you are storing the test tool or the smart remote for an extended period of time charge the NiCad battery pack before storing Do not remove the battery pack Removing the battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the backup lithium battery Before storing the standard remote for an extended period of time remove the alkaline battery to prevent damage from battery leakage Figure 8 1 shows how to remove the remote battery gc38f eps Figure 8 1 Removing the Battery in the Standard Remote Replacing the NiCad Battery Pack Replace the NiCad battery pack when its life between full charges becomes noticeably shorter The battery is nor
54. ED ALED that turns on when the smart remote battery voltage is low Rotary switch On off switch for smart remote 2 15 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Strap and Bail The test tool and the smart remote have a strap and a bail Figure 2 6 shows how to attach the strap and open the bail gc07f eps Figure 2 6 Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on the main unit Off Turns the test tool off Setup information and test results that were saved via the SAVE key are stored in nonvolatile memory 2 16 Getting Started Rotary Switch Autotest Autotest is the most frequently used function in LAN cable testing Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to qualify the cable you are testing When the Autotest is complete the tests that were run are listed with the overall result for each test You can also view detailed results for each test Results from at least 500 Autotests can be saved for printing or transmission to a host computer The following tests apply to twisted pair cable Note The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cable depend on the test standard selected Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed For a list of tests applicable to various test standards see Table C 1 in Appendix C e Wire Map Tests for opens shorts crossed pairs reversed wires an
55. FLUKE DSP 100 2000 LAN CableMeter Cable Analyzer Users Manual PN 642964 January 1997 1997 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in U S A All product names are trademarks of their respective companies LIMITED WARRANTY amp LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of shipment Parts product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller and does not apply to fuses disposable batteries or to any product which in Fluke s opinion has been misused altered neglected or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non defective media Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Warranty support is available if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price Fluke reserves the right to invoice B
56. Model DSP 2000 Shown DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Main Unit Features Figure 2 4 shows the features on the main unit and Table 2 4 explains their functions Features shown in light gray are found on Model DSP 100 only DSP 100 DSP 2000 FLUKE DSP 2000 CABLE ANALYZER OSO elle Sra gcO5f eps Figure 2 4 Main Unit Features Getting Started Main Unit Features Table 2 4 Main Unit Features Item Feature Description Rotary Switch Selects the test tool s modes Exits the current screen 3 Model DSP 2000 only Automatically provides more specific information on the cause of an Autotest failure 4 Starts the highlighted test or restarts the test last run uj e Provide functions related to the concurrent display Softkey functions are shown in the display area above the keys Display A LCD display with backlight and adjustable contrast ORECH Allow left right up and down movement on the display Increase or decrease the numerical values of user definable parameters Saves Autotest results and parameter changes in memory Selects the highlighted item from a menu Controls the display backlight Pressing for 1 second allows adjustment of WAKE UP the display contrast Reactivates the test tool when the tool is in power
57. NK to download the software to your test tool A Cautions Downloading new software overwrites the existing test software in your test tool You will not have access to the old version of the software Downloading new software erases all data stored in the test tool s memory To save stored Autotest or Single Test results use DSP link to upload the results to a PC To save Setup data write down the settings shown on the displays in the test tool s SETUP mode To prevent an unexpected loss of battery power to the test tool connect the battery charger to the test tool during the downloading process To download new software from the BBS or web site to your test tool proceed as follows 1 Copy the software update file from the BBS or web site to a PC The file is compressed and self executing Execute the file to expand the data Expanding the file creates files with the extensions SDB or DSP More than one file may be created Connect the test tool to the PC and configure the serial ports as described in the earlier section Preparing for Data Transfer In the DSP LINK window click on Software Update If you want to save the Autotest reports stored in memory click on no in response to the next dialog box Save the reports by uploading them to the PC If you do not want to save the stored reports click on yes Enter the path and file name of the expanded software update file DSP or SDB Click on OK R
58. R test silili 2h a s RJ45 PIN 123 456785 to locate the short gc50i eps gc51ti eps Wire 1 is open You can use the TDR test to locate the open Open WIRE MAP RJ45 PIN 1 a 4 4 7 h a a 7 o RJ45 PIN 234536785 FAIL gc52i eps gc53i eps Split pair WIRE MAP A wire in the 1 2 pair is twisted with 2 2 a wire in the 3 6 RJ45 PIN 123456785 3 3 abet dete ae 6 e Pair You can use RJ45 PIN 123 45678 the TDX analyzer to locate the split Split pairs detected pair 2 ls 5 gc55i eps gc54i eps 3 7 3 8 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the dc loop resistance for each cable pair The resistance results screen displays the resistance limit and pass fail result for each cable pair A PASS result means that the measured resistance is less than the limit A FAIL result means that the measured resistance exceeds the limit Length The length test measures the length of each cable pair tested The main Autotest results screen shows the length of the cable pair having the shortest electrical delay Length is displayed in meters or feet The length results screen displays the length limit and pass fail result for each cable pair You can change the length units in the SETUP mode as described in Selecting a Length Unit in Chapter 2 Notes A 2 to 5 percent difference in measured length between twisted pairs is typical This d
59. Reports cccssssssseeceeeeeseseeeneeeeneees Printing Test REpOrts esseenid toinnin neted iE AEEA Ne Viewing Renaming and Deleting Test Reports Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Calibratime the Test TOOlsnssserroraron riino ir eors rosoe n E E NV P Calibration 4si dc ves sseivccka gees geshinhesesneys E E E E TE E EES Configuring a Custom Cable 0 0 ceeesceseceseceseceseceeeeeseeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeaeeeaaeenaees Basic Cable Testing ci iciscciccccccncps ccsetcvnctnancnsetcvnnesauceencenecreceseacenncneedes LAN Cable Construction cccccccccesseceesseeceesesaeeecssaaeeecseaaeeeessaaeeeessaaeeeensaaes AUOMUAUON EEE E E A A lacseddasaasetdabacts a A E E E E E T E A E A daaaabeew sabe Characteristic Impedance riset ioieor sirin an renine ene EEEE EER Crosstalk and Near End Crosstalk NEXT o ccccccccsscceceesseeeceesseeeensseeeenees Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP ceeceescesecesseceseceseeenaecnaecnaaeenaees Time Domain Reflectometry TDR ccceccccceeeeeesteceeececeeneecsaeeneaeeeeneeees POR oa cgcch dave EE E ET ET A E EA T OA T tab Alaa a divtes Maintenance and Specifications MaintenaN OE a a a a E a a E aaa aa iiaa If the Test TOO Baise ccs cscccsciccsteussececeedateswus R EE a ie EEA E SPSCHICAL ONS A E E T E T Contents continued Appendices A Using DSP LINK 3 cists sciscssstecnetsscdetvidstusvidsceseesbis is opesseaceevetewiaviluserausvas B GI OSSALY os i504 E TE EE
60. Standards 6 Configuring a Custom Cable To configure a custom cable proceed as follows 1 2 3 7 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press Page Down five times Highlight the custom cable configuration then press to see the menu of custom cable names The default cable names are Custom Cable 1 through Custom Cable 4 You can change the cable name after configuring the test parameters An asterisk always proceeds and follows the name of a custom cable configuration Use to highlight the custom cable name you want to configure then press ENTER To select a new baseline test standard press CENTER Highlight the desired test standard then press ENTER J To change the parameters of the test standard shown on Page 1 of 6 use Page Up Page Down and to highlight the parameter you want to change then press ENTER J Use the appropriate keys to select the value you want then press ENTER J If you selected to change the custom cable name or the cable type the alphanumeric entry screen appears Use the appropriate keys to enter a name up to 27 characters long When you are finished entering characters press nv Repeat steps 6 and 7 to change additional parameters When you are finished configuring test parameters press to store the custom configuration 6 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 6 6 Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing Chapter 7 provides the following information e A description of LAN
61. TDX analyzer proceed as follows 1 Turn off any PCs connected to the link you are testing 2 If you are using a DSP 100 main unit as a remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON 3 If you are testing with a remote connect the remote to the far end of the cable link Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct 6 On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector 7 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Use to highlight TOX Analyzer 9 Press to run the TDX analyzer Running Individual Tests 4 The TDX Analyzer If the test tool does not detect a remote the following message appears NO REMOTE DETECTED To run the TDX analyzer press ENTER J To restart the analyzer and scan for the remote again press TEST To return to the first Single Test screen press EXIT TDX Analyzer Results When the TDX analyzer test is complete the TDX analyzer results screen appears Table 4 2 describes the items on the analyzer screen Table 4 2 Items on the TDX Analyzer Results Screen om eseription O U O Press to see a plot that shows where crosstalk is detected on the cable Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Peak The highest magnitude
62. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down four times Use to highlight the numeric format Press 0 Choice Use to highlight the desired format Press ENTER _ to accept the highlighted format ONE A OS ROSE ol ES 2 26 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Setting the Date and Time The test tool has a clock that records the date and time for saved test results To change the date or time or the format for the date or time proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press Page Down three times Use to highlight the date or time parameter you want to change Press Choice The display you see next depends on which parameter you are changing If you are changing the date or time use INC or DEC to increment or decrement the highlighted number Use to move the highlighted area from one number to another number If you are changing the date or time format use to highlight the format you want Press to accept the highlighted date time or format 2 27 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Setting the Power Down Timer To extend battery life you can set the power down timer to automatically switch the test tool to a low power mode after a selected period of inactivity You can also disable the power down timer When the test tool switches to low power mode the display goes blank To reactivate the display press To set the power down timer or ena
63. V alkaline battery The test tool monitors the remote unit and alerts you when the battery voltage is low Using the Menus The test tool s setup configuration test selections and test results are presented in a menu system Table 2 2 shows the keys used to select items and move between screens in the menu system Table 2 2 Key Functions for the Menu System Key Function gt Allow up down left and right movement on the display Selects the highlighted item Starts the highlighted test Exits the current screen Softkeys select the function displayed on the screen area above the key Softkey functions depend on the screen displayed Ao AC DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Quick Configuration The settings listed in Table 2 3 affect either the display format or the accuracy of your test results Following the table are instructions for changing the settings For a complete list of the test tool s adjustable settings refer to the later section Setup Table 2 3 Quick Configuration Settings Test Standard and Select the test standard and cable type you are using Your selection Cable Type determines which test specifications are used and which tests are run during cable testing Fiber optic cable testing requires a Fluke DSP Fiber Optic Meter Select the cable temperature range that includes the average temperature where the cable is installed Cable temperature is not applicable to a
64. ab keys respectively The cursor moves to the worst margin for each pair You can also view the next pair by selecting Next Pair s from the Pair s menu Formatting Hints for Uploaded Reports To fit an uploaded Autotest report on one 8 5 x 11 or A4 page use a word processor to set the font and margins as shown in Table A 3 Table A 3 Formats for Uploaded Reports Courier Maximum Left and Maximum Left and Point Size Right Margins for 8 5 x 11 Page Right Margins for 210 mm x 297 mm A4 Page 1 3 3 0 cm 9 point 0 9 2 1 cm 10 point 0 5 1 1 cm DSP 100 2000 Users Manual A 8 Getting Software Updates from Fluke The Fluke bulletin board system BBS and the LAN Products web site give you access to new versions of software and test standards for your test tool Using the BBS requires a modem and a communication software package Following is the phone number for Fluke s LAN Products BBS 206 353 5966 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity If you require assistance in using the BBS call the Fluke Applications Help Line at 1 800 44 Fluke Or send email to lans fluke com Using the web site requires internet access and a web browser Following is the address for Fluke s LAN Products page http www fluke com nettools Using DSP LINK Getting Software Updates from Fluke Downloading New Test Standards When new test standards are available you can download the standards from F
65. acteristic impedance 7 remote 2 15 EA ae swe RJ11 telephone 2 2 minimizing impedance discontinuities 7 8 Crossed pair test for coaxial cable 3 21 test for twisted pair wire map display 3 7 3 warning result 3 9 Crossed wires Impulse noise threshold 4 20 aig ea ail Inductive pickup device Custom cable configuration 6 4 Installing DSP LINK A 2 Internal fault detected error message 8 5 D ISDN lines 2 2 Date Delay skew test 3 9 Index continued K Keys for moving around screens 2 3 functions 2 13 L Language selecting a language 2 21 selecting quick start 2 4 LED functions 2 15 Length test for coaxial cable 3 22 test for twisted pair 3 8 variations between cable pairs 3 8 variations between measured and actual 7 14 Length units selecting 2 26 selecting quick start 2 4 Link See Basic link Link performance grade 3 4 M Maintenance 8 1 Memory capacity and type 8 16 full maintained by lithium battery 8 3 space available 3 25 Monitor hub port capabilities 4 23 monitoring impulse noise 4 20 changing the noise threshold connections 4 21 screen items 4 23 monitoring network activity 4 16 connections 4 17 screen items 4 18 N NEXT explanation of NEXT minimizing NEXT 7 13 NEXT Remote test results 3 14 plot description results screen items 3 12 Noise cau
66. alies detected Press to see a plot of the locations and reflection percentages of the Note It is possible for impedance anomalies to be detected when testing from one end of the cable but not from the other end This discrepancy is caused by attenuation of the signal reflections returning from the anomaly TDR Plot Screen To view the TDR plot for a cable pair use to highlight one of the pairs then press Yiew Plot to see the plot screen for that pair Figure 4 3 shows an example of a TDR plot and Table 4 6 describes the items on the plot DSP 100 2000 Users Manual TOR Pair Ene 100 D Ft 50 100 6 Pref tect ion 68 at 69 ft apAdiuets scale q b Moves cursor Next Scannin 7 j _Pair On DFF Figure 4 3 Example of a TDR Plot Twisted Pair Results gc21c eps Table 4 6 Items on a TDR Plot Twisted Pair Results Item Description The cable pair relevant to the results The peak value as reported on the results screen The distance along the cable under test The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool The distance to the end of the cable as reported on the results screen impedance Negative values indicate locations on the cable where the impedance is lower than the cable s characteristic impedance The Cursor Readout shows the location and the reflection percentage at the cursor s position Use
67. alled The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool if See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for details Turn off the test tool then charge the battery for about 30 minutes before resuming operation 8 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Replacement Parts Table 8 2 lists the replacement parts for the test tool the standard remote and the smart remote To order replacement parts in the USA and Canada call Fluke Service Parts at 1 800 526 4731 Outside the USA and Canada call 1 206 356 5500 Table 8 2 Replacement Parts Description Part Number NiCad battery pack 938170 9V alkaline battery 614487 AC adapter charger North America version 106200 AC adapter charger international version 944223 Battery door main unit and smart remote 938357 Battery door standard remote 116183 Cable 1009 RJ45 2m 6 56 107109 Cable 1002 RJ45 15 cm 6 107117 Cable 50Q BNC coaxial 1m 3 927876 Cable 9 pin PC interface 944806 Adapter RJ45 to BNC 642402 Conductive case bottom CE DSP 100 625415 Conductive case bottom CE DSP 2000 625423 Conductive case top CE DSP 100 621364 Conductive case top CE DSP 2000 625431 Conductive case smart remote top CE 621398 DSP 100 Conductive case smart remote top CE 625434 DSP 2000 Side connector plate conductive 10
68. and RL tests 135 MHz Press to see NEXT ACR or attenuation results plotted up to 155 MHz This key is available only if the frequency option under SETUP is set to 155 MHz 3 1 3 2 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable The procedures for an Autotest on shielded and unshielded twisted pair cable are the same When shielded cable is selected the test tool performs an additional test for shield continuity if the shield test is enabled in SETUP To run the Autotest on twisted pair cable refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows Wall Outlet 2 Meters 2 Meters we Patch Panel Test Tool gc08f eps Figure 3 1 Autotest Connections for Twisted Pair Cable Basic Link Configuration and DSP 2000 Shown Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable Note The REMOTE tests will run only if the remote is a smart remote or a DSP 100 with the SMART REMOTE mode selected If you are using a DSP 100 main unit as the remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the remote to the far end of the cable link On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector T
69. as described in the earlier section Performing a Self Test Battery Status The test tool displays a message when its battery voltage or the remote battery voltage is low Table 2 7 shows the battery status messages and what you should do if a battery message appears Note To ensure continued operation while charging the battery always connect the ac adapter charger when the message WARNING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY OLTAGE I LOW appears Table 2 7 Battery Status Messages Message Displayed What You Should Do WARNING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY 0 Connect the ac adapter charger LTAGE I5 LOW RECHARGEABLE BATTERY OLTAGE I Turn the test tool off and connect the ac TOO LOW TO OPERATE adapter charger If the tool does not operate when you turn it on turn it off again and allow the battery to charge for about 30 minutes WARNING REMOTE BATTERY OLTAGE For a standard remote have a 9V alkaline IS Low battery available For a smart remote or second main unit connect the ac adapter charger WARNING REMOTE BATTERY OLTAGE Replace the alkaline battery in standard remote IS TOO LOW TO OPERATE Charge the NiCad battery in a second main unit or smart remote INTERNAL DATA STORAGE BATTERY YO Have the lithium battery replaced at a Fluke LTAGE I5 LOW Service Center 2 31 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Battery Status Display To see the charge level of the main unit s NiCad battery turn the rotary switc
70. ation displayed A confirmation screen appears for about 2 seconds 3 23 3 24 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Select a character and press ENTER EFGHIJKLMA A W 0 e av 2 ow ao noc ua hod ic e111 me m S eo oa wo a Cable Identif i ion 2 idatirss 11 38 29 am T j Available Memory 496 5 Press SAVE when done y Delete 4 INC DEC gg gc15c eps Figure 3 8 Screen for Saving Autotest Results Table 3 10 Items on the Autotest Save Screen Item Description O The characters you can use to make a name for the test results you are saving The date and time when the Autotest was saved 3 The default name assigned to the results from the most recently completed test 4 Softkey for moving the cursor to edit characters in the middle of the cable identification On Model DSP 100 with software versions 3 0 and earlier use the softkey to move the cursor back to the right On Model DSP 2000 press until the cursor wraps back to the right The remaining number of locations available for storing Autotest results Autotest The Autotest Report Automatically Incrementing the Cable Identification Name The test tool s auto increment function increments the last alphanumeric character of the cable identification name each time you save Autotest results To enable or disable the auto increment function proceed as follow
71. ble disable the timer proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down once 3 Use to highlight the power down timer status 4 Press Choice 5 Use to highlight the desired time out period or the enable disable status 6 Press to accept your selection Model DSP 2000 turns itself off if not used for 30 minutes after power down When this happens pressing turns on the test tool The test tool then goes through its power on sequence as though it were turned on with the rotary switch Enabling or Disabling the Audible Tones To enable or disable the test tool s audible tones proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down twice Use to highlight the audible tone status Press C Choice Use to highlight the desired enable or disable status Press ENTER _ to accept your selection ONS Ee oe cl 2 28 Getting Started Remote Lights Messages and Audible Tones Remote Lights Messages and Audible Tones The standard and smart remotes indicate various states by flashing light emitting diodes LEDs and emitting audible tones as described in Table 2 6 Table 2 6 Status Indications from Remotes status o O Standard Remote Indications Smart Remote Indications Power on self test passed The unit beeps and all LEDs The unit beeps and all LEDs flash in sequence flash in sequence Power on self test failed The unit beeps and the fail LED
72. cgebsuraninn 3 18 Items on the Autotest Save Screen ccccccccssecccesssececeesececeeaeeeceeaeeeeneaes Remote Requirements for Cable Tests ccc eeeeesecescecsseceseceneecnaesnaeeenaes Items on the TDX Analyzer Results Screen cee ceeceeeccsseceseceseeeeseenaees Items on a TDX Analyzer Plot cece eecceeceeseeeeeeeeeeaeeeeecnaeesaecnaeenseeees Effects of Termination on TDR Results 0 cccccccesssececesesteeeeesesseeeeeeees Items on the TDR Results Screen Twisted Pair Results Items on the TDR Plot Twisted Pair Results cccccccccssseceeesssteeeeseeees Items on the Traffic Monitor Screenn cccccccsscceccssssececsseseeeesennaeeeensaaees Items on the Noise Monitor Screen cccccccccessseccecsesececcseeeeecnseaeeeesenaas Identifying Cable Fauilts ec esccesscssscesecesesteceteceesccesseetseeeteceneeessoeees Troubleshooting the Test Tool eeceeseesseeseeneeceeceseceseeseeeseeeeeeeeneeeaee Replacement Parts viicseccc sea sctesdaacctounsssazesticsstenssdeoncesgungtaescavedshaad dis soueesunvnsns Characteristic Impedance Test Specifications 0 0 0 0 ceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees Length Test Specifications c iccsccstccseeseehdesseupesinssnndecbecsccassevsssecauenbotaveaesas Length Test Specifications 20 0 ce eeecesceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeeeaeecaaecsaecsaecnaeenseeees DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 8 6 Distance Specifications for TDR Test 8 7 PC Interface Cable Connections 8 8 9 to 25 pin Ada
73. cific information about the location and cause of an Autotest failure Tests for remote return loss RL REMOTE and power sum NEXT PSNEXT Determines which standards are supported by a hub port connection Tone generator lets you use an inductive pickup device to identify cables in a LAN installation Introduction Standard Accessories Standard Accessories The test tool comes with the following accessories which are shown in Figure 1 1 If the test tool is damaged or something is missing contact the place of purchase immediately 1 AC adapter charger 2 with smart remote package 120V US only or universal adapter charger and line cord outside North America 2 RJ45 2m 6 6 ft 100Q straight through patch cables 1 RJ45 15 cm 6 100Q straight through patch cable 1 50Q BNC coaxial cable 1 RJ45 to BNC adapter Model DSP 2000 only 1 PC serial interface EIA 232C cable 1 Carrying strap 2 with smart remote package 1 3 5 DSP LINK utility diskette 1 Users manual not shown 1 Warranty registration card not shown 1 Soft carrying case for Model DSP 100 2 with smart remote package not shown Discard loose foam pieces 1 Smart remote unit with Model DSP 2000 not shown 1 Hard carrying case with Model DSP 2000 not shown 1 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual RJ45 Straight Through RJ45 to BNC Adapter DSP 2000 Only DSP Link Software 3 5 Inch Floppy Disk BP7217 Nickel Cadmium Battery Pack
74. cklight press amp on the keypad Press the key again to turn off the backlight On Model DSP 2000 the backlight key toggles the backlight between two levels of brightness You can set the backlight timer to automatically turn off the backlight after a specified period of inactivity You can also disable the backlight timer To set the backlight timer or disable the timer proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down once Use to highlight the backlight time out setting Press 0 Choice Use to highlight the desired time out period or the disable status Press ENTER _ to accept the highlighted selection DN SO Ss E Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool When the backlight time out is enabled the backlight timer starts counting down after all tests are complete or after the last key entry or movement of the rotary switch To restart the backlight timer while the backlight is on press any key except the backlight key or turn the rotary switch to a new mode Adjusting the Display Contrast To adjust the display contrast hold down for 1 second or longer The following message appears USE KEYS TO ADJUST CONTRAST Adjust the contrast to the desired level then press to accept the new level The display contrast setting is saved in memory when you turn off the test tool Selecting a Power Line Filter Frequency The test tool has a noise filter to keep ac noise 50 or 60 Hz
75. d Printing Saved Reports 5 Printing Test Reports gc25f eps Figure 5 1 Connections for Printing Test Reports Remove any cables connected to the connectors at the top of the test tool Configure the test tool s serial port as described in the previous section Use an appropriate cable to connect the test tool to the printer Turn the rotary switch to PRINT Use V to highlight the print function you want Press to select the highlighted function The results of selecting each function are as follows All Autotest Reports Prints all of the reports stored in the test tool s memory Before printing the test tool s baud rate printer type and flow control are displayed You can change these settings in the SETUP mode as described in the earlier section Configuring the Serial Port Press to start printing To stop printing and return to the main print screen press EXIT DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 5 4 Selected Autotest Reports Displays the SELECT AUTOTEST REPORTS screen where you can select the reports you want to print as follows 1 Use Page Up Page Down and or to highlight a report label 2 Press to select the highlighted report An asterisk appears on the label to show that the report is selected for printing To select several consecutive reports hold down ENTER _ To remove an asterisk highlight the report label then press ENTER 3 To print the selected reports press Start P
76. d from above parameters Better than 1 0 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 0 3 dB at 30 dB of attenuation from 1 MHz to 100 MHz The following NEXT specifications are defined per TIA TSB 67 Frequency Range 100 kHz to 105 MHz in 100 kHz steps Range is determined by the selected test standard Amplitude Range 85 dB at 1 MHz to 65 dB at 100 MHz residual NEXT 10 dB Resolution 0 1 dB Return Loss Better than 15 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 20 dB Dynamic Accuracy Better than 0 75 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 0 6 dB Residual NEXT Loss after connector compensation Better than 55 dB at 100 MHz Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Random Noise Floor Better than 65 dB at 100 MHz Typically better than 75 dB at 100 MHz Output Signal Balance Better than 37 dB at 100 MHz Common Mode Rejection Better than 37 dB at 100 MHz Measurement Accuracy calculated from above parameters Better than 1 5 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 1 25 dB TDX Analyzer Specifications for Cables lt 100m 328 ft The following performance is typical for cables less than 100m 328 ft Distance accuracy 1 ft 0 3m 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ft or 0 1m TDR Specifications for Cables lt 100m 328 ft Table 8 6 shows the distance specifications for TDR tests on cables less than 100m 328 ft long Table 8 6 Distance Specifications for T
77. d rate 1200 to 38 400 baud Flow control hardware XON XOFF or none Data format 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Printer formats Epson HP LaserJet or Text Only Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications PC Interface Cable Table 8 7 shows the pin connections for the PC interface cable provided with the test tool Table 8 8 shows the pin connections for the 9 to 25 pin adapter available from Fluke part number 929187 Table 8 7 PC Interface Cable Connections sat elene eii DB9S female DB9S female Data Carrier Detect 1 lt 4 Receive Data 2 lt 3 Transmit Data 3 Goce gt 2 Data Terminal Ready always true 4 gt 1 Signal Ground 5 lt gt 5 Not connected 6 6 Request To Send used only with hardware 7 gt 8 flow control Clear To Send 8 lt 7 Not connected 9 9 Table 8 8 9 to 25 pin Adapter available from Fluke 25 pin Connector 9 pin Connector Shell 8 13 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Power Main unit and smart remote NiCad battery pack 7 2V 1700 mA hr Typical NiCad battery life for DSP 100 10 to 12 hours Typical NiCad battery life for DSP 2000 8 to 11 hours AC adapter charger USA version Linear power supply 108 to 132V ac input 15V dc 1A output AC adapter charger international version Switching power supply 90 to 264V ac input
78. d split pairs e NEXT Tests twisted pair cable for near end crosstalk NEXT e Length Displays the length of twisted pairs in feet or meters e Propagation Delay Measures the times taken for a signal to travel the length of each cable pair e Delay Skew Calculates the differences in propagation delays between the cable pairs e Impedance Measures the impedance of each cable pair If impedance anomalies are detected the test reports the largest anomaly detected on each cable pair e Attenuation Measures the attenuation of each cable pair e Resistance Measures the loop resistance of each cable pair e ACR Calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk for all combinations of cable pairs e RL Return Loss Measures signal loss due to signal reflections in the cable e PSNEXT Power Sum Next Model DSP 2000 only For each cable pair PSNEXT is calculated as the sum of the NEXT from all other pairs DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 2 18 The following tests apply to coaxial cable Impedance Measures the impedance of the cable Resistance Measures the loop resistance of the cable shield and terminator Length Measures the length of unterminated cables Anomaly Detection During a coaxial cable test the test tool also detects and reports the position of the largest impedance anomaly if any are present on the cable Single Test The SINGLE TEST mode provides access to the individual tests defined by the s
79. d the impulse noise threshold are regarded as noise hits If the 10BaseT standard is selected the noise test results include a pass or fail indication A fail result is displayed if more than two noise hits are detected in a 10 second interval Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold You can set the impulse noise threshold to a value from 100 to 500 mV in increments of 10 mV The default noise threshold value is 270 mV To change the noise threshold proceed as follows A eo a Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down once Use to highlight the impulse noise threshold setting Press 0C Choice Use DEC or INC to change the threshold Press ENTER _ to store the threshold setting Running Individual Tests 4 Monitoring Impulse Noise Running the Impulse Noise Test The connector type for the noise test is always RJ45 The noise test is not valid for coaxial cable because the level of noise on coaxial cable is negligible To monitor impulse noise refer to Figure 4 6 and proceed as follows Wall Outlet 2 Meters 2 Meters 6 2 6 0 6 n Patch Panel Test Tool gc24f eps Figure 4 6 Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise Model DSP 2000 Shown 4 21 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 4 22 Note To extend batt
80. describes the items on the screen d l paaa Ga SOMHz 100 29 6dB margin at 11 5MHz a v Adjusts scale 4 gt Moves cursor View Next ACR Pairs pz 1 Result Pairs gc12c eps Figure 3 5 The ACR Plot Screen Table 3 7 Items on the ACR Plot Screen Description 1 The cable pairs relevant to the plot 2 Frequency range in MHz of the ACR test 3 Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s the cursor s position 3 16 position Use to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the ACR value at The ACR limits as defined by the selected test standard Decibels of ACR for the cable pair The measured ACR for the cable pairs Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable ACR REMOTE The ACR REMOTE test is identical to the ACR test except that the ACR values are calculated using NEXT REMOTE values Return Loss RL The RL test measures the difference between a test signal s amplitude and the amplitude of signal reflections returned by the cable The results of the RL test indicate how well the cable s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies The first RL results screen shows the cable pairs tested the worst case RL margin and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair
81. diagnostics displays for a NEXT failure and an open pin failure The arrow in the diagram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure The bottom half of the display describes the failure and suggests ways to fix the fault When appropriate softkeys let you see the plot or plots relevant to the failure If more than one fault was found you can use the Next Fault and Prey Fault softkeys to scroll through the diagnostics displays Autotest Automatic Diagnostics Model DSP 2000 Pairs 1 2 4 59 NEXT Failure Check Wiring Cable may be Bad Pair 3 6 Open Check Wiring View TDR gc09c eps Figure 3 2 Examples of Automatic Diagnostics Displays 3 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable To see detailed results from a test use to highlight the test on the main Autotest menu then press ENTER Note The tests run during an Autotest on twisted pair cable depend on the test standard selected Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed For a list of tests applicable to various test standards see Table C 1 in Appendix C Wire Map Test The wire map test tests and displays the wire connections between the near and far ends of the cable on all four pairs Shield continuity is also tested if a shielded cable type is selected and you have not disabled shield testing in SETUP The pairs tested are those defined by
82. down mode RS 232C serial port A 9 pin connector for interfacing with a printer or host computer via a standard IBM AT EIA RS 232C serial cable AC adapter charger jack Connection for the ac adapter charger supplied with the test tool AC power indicator LED Style 1 A green LED that turns on when the test tool is powered with the ac adapter charger LED Style 2 A multicolor LED with four states Off AC adapter charger is not connected or is connected without the battery pack installed Blinking Red The ac adapter charger is trickle charging the battery in preparation for fast charging This mode indicates an extremely low battery voltage The test tool may not operate Steady Red The ac adapter charger is fast charging the battery Steady Green Fast charging is complete The ac adapter charger continues to trickle charge the battery RJ45 connector s A shielded 8 pin jack for shielded and unshielded twisted pair cable On Model DSP 2000 this jack is labeled CABLE TEST Model DSP 2000 has an additional RJ45 jack labeled MONITOR which is used for 10 100BaseTX traffic and hub tests 5 BNC connector Model DSP 100 only A connector for coaxial cable 2 13 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Remote Features Figure 2 5 shows the features on the standard and smart remote units Table 2 5 explains the functions of these items Smart Remote Standard Remote
83. dustry Association TIA Technical BASIC LINK LEVEL Il System Bulletin TSB 67 Accuracy Level II performance for CHANNEL LEVEL I oth basic link and channel test configurations Listed by Canadian Standards Association NRTL Instrument has been tested by CSA for compliance with UL safety standards Memory 512K byte nonvolatile RAM stores results from at least 500 Autotests More storage may be available depending on the software version used and the number of tests run by the selected test standard 1 M byte Flash EPROM for firmware and test standard updates Dimensions Main unit and smart remote 9 25 x 5 x 3 23 5 cm x 12 7 cm x 7 6 cm Standard remote 6 x 3 x 1 5 15 2 cm x 7 6 cm x 3 8 cm Weight Main unit 3 Ibs 4 oz 1 5 kg Smart remote 3 lbs 1 oz 1 4 kg Standard remote 8 5 oz 241g Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Display Type Graphic bit mapped LCD with backlight and adjustable contrast Size and resolution 2 8 x 2 4 7 1 cm x 6 1 cm 15 lines 30 characters per line 240 x 200 bits RJ45 Connector Typical life gt 5000 cycles Warranty One year from date of purchase 8 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Appendices Appendix Page A Usine IDS PALIN Ke escpscssesccteesssenaussaaeesithastovedteussedeorascunestaatatensabsccdesantvenss B GIOSSARY oas rena E enn steed anes denareec meinen C 1 C Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest
84. e start of the test The highest 1 second collision percentage recorded since the start of the test If jabber is detected the message Jabber Detected appears in this space A jabber is reported if a frame is detected to be larger than the maximum legal size If no link pulse is detected the message NO LINK PULSE appears in this space Activates and deactivates a sound that represents network activity Stops the traffic test and freezes the screen To restart the traffic test press rest 4 19 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 4 20 Identifying Hub Port Connections The hub port locator helps you determine which port a cable is connected to at a hub The locator sends a link pulse to the hub causing the port s LED to blink To identify a hub port connection proceed as follows 1 On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network connection On Model DSP 2000 connect to the MONITOR jack Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR Use to highlight the hub port locator selection then press ENTER J Locate the connected port by finding the flashing LED on the hub s LED panel Monitoring Impulse Noise The Monitor Impulse Noise function allows you to monitor electrical noise on inactive twisted pair cable Pair 3 6 is monitored The noise test takes noise voltage samples every second Voltages that excee
85. e transmitted signal confined to cable Coaxial cable can carry a wider range of frequencies and can be used in greater lengths than twisted pair cable However coaxial cable is more expensive than twisted pair Jacket Shield Dielectric Conductor gc29f eps Figure 7 3 Coaxial Cable Construction Attenuation Basic Cable Testing Attenuation Attenuation is a decrease in the strength of a signal over the length of a cable as shown in Figure 7 4 Signal Source Signal Receiver Figure 7 4 Attenuation of a Signal gc30f eps Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable wire and by leakage of energy through the cable s insulating material This loss of energy is expressed in decibels Lower attenuation values correspond to better cable performance For example when comparing the performance of two cables at a particular frequency a cable with an attenuation of 10 dB performs better than a cable with an attenuation of 20 dB Cable attenuation is determined by the cable s construction length and the frequencies of the signals sent through the cable At higher frequencies the skin effect and the cable s inductance and capacitance cause attenuation to increase DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Noise Electrical noise is unwanted electrical signals that alter the shape of the signals transmitted on a LAN cable Figure 7 5 sho
86. efore other stations are allowed to transmit B 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual B 6 Link Pulse A single bit 100 ns test pulse that is transmitted at least every 50 ms during idle periods on 10BaseT link segments to verify link integrity Near End Crosstalk NEXT The amount of coupling loss in decibels occurring when a signal sent on one cable pair is received as crosstalk by another cable pair Higher NEXT levels correspond to better cable performance NVP Nominal Velocity of Propagation The speed of a signal through a cable expressed as a percentage of the speed of light Typically the speed of a signal through a cable is between 60 and 80 of the speed of light Packet A group of bits in a specific format containing a data message that is sent over a network Plenum Cable Cable certified for installation in air ducts and open spaces over suspended ceilings without conduit Plenum cable is fire resistant and does not emit toxic fumes when burned Propagation Delay The time required for an electrical signal to travel the length of a cable PSNEXT Power sum NEXT The combined NEXT received by a cable pair from the other pairs Resistor An electronic component that resists the flow of electrical current Resistors are used in the terminators that are connected to the ends of coaxial cable Return Loss RL The loss of signal strength in a cable due to signal reflections A cable s RL value indicates
87. elected test standard except for the ACR test This mode also allows execution of TDR and TDX analyzer tests A scanning function which continuously repeats the test is available for the wire map resistance TDR and TDX analyzer tests Monitor The MONITOR mode allows you to continuously monitor impulse noise on network cables or network activity on Ethernet systems Network activity is monitored for collisions jabber and percentage of system utilization The MONITOR mode also includes a hub port locator which helps you determine port connections at a hub Model DSP 2000 includes a hub port capabilities feature that determines the standards supported by a port Setup Getting Started Rotary Switch Allows you to do the following Select a test standard and cable type Select an average cable temperature when temperature is required by the selected test standard Set the test tool to test cable installed in conduit when a conduit setting is required by the selected test standard Enable remote testing or automatic remote detection when you use a second main unit or a smart remote as a remote unit Set the cable identification number to increment automatically each time you save Autotest results Set the backlight timer to turn off the backlight after a specified period of inactivity Set the power down timer to switch the test tool to a low power mode after a specified period of inactivity Set the fault threshold
88. epeat steps 4 through 6 for all files created by the expansion process Appendix B Glossary 10Base2 An IEEE Standard for Thin Coax Ethernet networks 10 Mb s transmission baseband signaling 185 meters per coax segment Also known as Thinlan Thinnet or Cheapernet 10BaseT An IEEE Standard for unshielded twisted pair Ethernet networks 10 Mb s transmission baseband signaling unshielded twisted pair cable Maximum cable length is 100 meters 100BaseTX An IEEE Standard for twisted pair Ethernet networks 100 Mb s transmission baseband signaling two pair category 5 twisted pair cable Maximum cable length is 100 meters ACR Attenuation to crosstalk ratio The difference between NEXT in dB and attenuation in dB Good cable performance corresponds to high ACR values in negative dB which result when NEXT is much higher than attenuation Anomaly A location on a network cable where the cable s impedance changes abruptly B 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Attenuation A reduction in the strength of a signal Attenuation is usually expressed in decibels Auto Negotiation The ability of a network device to determine the capabilities of a far end device then select settings for optimal communication Bandwidth A measure of the information capacity of a transmission medium The measurement is expressed in hertz Hz and is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that the medium will pass withou
89. ere a wire from one cable pair is twisted with a wire from another cable pair Though the pin to pin connections may be correct splitting the cable pairs causes excessive crosstalk because the electromagnetic fields around the wires cannot cancel properly TDR Time domain reflectometry A technique used for finding cable faults and measuring cable length and characteristic impedance A test pulse applied to the cable is reflected by impedance discontinuities along the cable such as a short or an open The cable s characteristics are determined by timing the duration between the test pulse and the reflection and analyzing the shape of the reflected pulse TDX Time domain crosstalk The TDX analyzer locates sources of NEXT along a cable This measurement technique is patented by Fluke corporation Terminator A resistor connected to the end of a coaxial cable The terminator which is intended to match the characteristic impedance of the cable eliminates signal reflections by dissipating signals in the cable Token Ring A local area network that is arranged in a ring or star topology and uses token passing to control access Twisted Pair A cable pair made of two wires that are twisted together to minimize crosstalk to other cable pairs The twisting minimizes crosstalk because it causes cancellation of the electromagnetic fields generated by each wire in the twisted pair Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP Twisted pair cable that is
90. ery life use the ac adapter charger when monitoring impulse noise for extended periods While monitoring impulse noise the test tool s automatic power down function is disabled Note Monitoring impulse noise without a remote connected may produce unreliable test results If you are using another main unit as the remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the remote to the far end of the cable link On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR Use to highlight Impulse Noise on RJ45 Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Press to start the noise test Running Individual Tests Determining Hub Port Capabilities Model DSP 2000 Noise Test Results As the noise test runs the displayed test results are updated every second after the first 10 second sample period Table 4 8 describes the items on the screen Table 4 8 Items on the Noise Monitor Screen tem OP Description O O Impulse Noise The minimum level of noise that is considered to be a noise hit The default Threshold threshold is 270 mV If you want to change the fault threshold see the earlier section Changing the Impulse Noi
91. es two additional tests the TDX analyzer and the TDR test 4 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Scanning Function The Single Test versions of the wire map resistance TDR and TDX analyzer tests include a scanning function which you can activate by pressing the Scanning ON softkey The scanning function runs the test repeatedly and updates the display each time a test is complete This function is useful for finding intermittent problems on a cable Note To extend battery life connect the ac adapter charger when using the scanning function for more than I minute When to Use a Remote Unit 4 2 A remote unit is required only when testing twisted pair cable Table 4 1 shows which cable tests require a remote and which remotes support each test If a remote unit is detected at the start of a Single Test the test tool runs a wire map test before running the selected test If the wire map test fails the test tool stops the test and displays the wire map Press Continue Test torun the selected test Note Model DSP 2000 is compatible only with Model DSP 2000SR units Model DSP 100 is not compatible with Model DSP 2000S8R units Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit Table 4 1 Remote Requirements for Cable Tests Test Autotest Wire Map NEXT NEXT REMOTE Length Impedance Attenuation Resistance RL RL REMOTE ACR ACR REMOTE PSNEXT PSNEXT REMOTE TDR TDX Analyzer Impulse Noise Traffic
92. escribes the items on the NEXT results screen Table 3 4 Items on the NEXT Results Screen tem Deseniption O i O means that the measured NEXT value is higher than the limit PASS A negative number means that the NEXT is lower than the limit FAIL Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Result The overall result for the NEXT test A PASS result indicates that the NEXT between the cable pairs was higher than the specified NEXT for the selected test standard A FAIL result indicates that the NEXT was lower than specifications NEAT The worst case NEXT Worst case NEXT is the measured NEXT value that is closest to falling below specifications If the NEXT falls below specifications the value displayed is the value that falls the farthest below specifications Frequency The frequency where the worst case NEXT value is measured Limit The lowest NEXT value acceptable for the worst case frequency Margin The difference between the worst case NEXT value and the limit A positive number 3 12 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Pressing Yiew Plot produces the NEXT plot screen Figure 3 4 shows an example of the screen and Table 3 5 describes the items on the screen Oda Pairs 3 6 7 8 lt 1 art W 6 25 g SOMHz 100 16 3dB margin at 72 0MHz av Adjusts scale 4 gt Moves cursor Oai View Next Result Pairs Figure 3 4 The NEXT Plot Screen
93. eturn the unit for service as described in Service Center Repair Service Center Repair If the test tool requires service pack it in the original shipping container and send it postage paid and insured to the nearest Fluke Service Center Include a written description of the problem Fluke assumes no responsibility for shipping damage A test tool covered under warranty will be promptly repaired or replaced at Fluke s option and returned to you postage paid at no charge See the registration card for warranty terms If the warranty has lapsed Fluke will repair the test tool for a fixed fee and return it to you postage paid Contact the nearest Service Center for information and repair prices For application or operation assistance or information on Fluke products call 800 44 FLUKE 800 443 5853 in U S A and Canada 31 40 267 8200 in Europe 206 356 5500 from other countries For service information in the U S A call 1 800 825 9810 Outside the U S A contact the nearest Fluke Service Center Maintenance and Specifications 8 If the Test Tool Fails Table 8 1 Troubleshooting the Test Tool Symptom 1 Display is blank Press The test tool may have switched to low power mode Connect the ac adapter charger The NiCad battery pack may need charging Hold down amp for 2 seconds then hold down for 5 seconds The display contrast may be too low Hold down amp for 2 seconds then hold down for
94. etwork cable results in capacitive coupling which causes crosstalk between cable pairs Channel A network connection consisting of 1 a patch cable to a horizontal cross connect 2 two connections at the cross connect 3 a horizontal cable segment up to 90m 295 ft 4 a transition connector near the telecommunications outlet and 5 a telecommunications outlet Cable test limits for a channel are looser than those for a basic link because the channel limits allow for the effects of two connections at the cross connect and an extra connector near the telecommunications outlet Characteristic Impedance The total opposition dc resistance and ac reactance to the flow of ac current that a network cable would have if the cable were infinitely long Coaxial Cable A type of transmission cable in which an inner conductor is surrounded first by an insulating layer then by a braided conductive sheath The braided sheath acts as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise Coaxial cables typically have a wide bandwidth Two types of coaxial cable are used with Ethernet networks Thicknet 10Base5 standard and Thinnet 10Base2 standard Collision The result of two stations simultaneously attempting to transmit data on a shared network transmission medium such as Ethernet Crossed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where a pair on one end of the cable is wired to a different pair in the connector on the
95. from affecting resistance measurements To set the frequency of the noise filter to the frequency of your ac power proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down four times Use to highlight the power line frequency Press 0 Choice Use V to highlight the frequency you want Press ENTER _ to accept the highlighted frequency ON ae Oa hae 2 23 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 2 24 Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type The test standard and cable type you select determine which standards are used and which tests are run during cable testing The test tool is equipped with information for all the common test standards and cable types Several of the test standards for twisted pair cable are defined for both a channel and a basic link configuration The test limits for a channel are looser than those for a basic link because the channel limits allow for the effects of two connections at a horizontal cross connect and a transition connector near the telecommunications outlet in the work area Figure 2 2 shows the connections involved in a channel Figure 3 1 shows the connections involved in a basic link To select a test standard and cable type proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Choice 3 Use to highlight the test standard you want 4 Press to accept the highlighted test standard The test tool displays a menu of the cable types that are valid for
96. h to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS then select Battery Status To see the charge level of the smart remote s battery connect the smart remote to the main unit use the CABLE TEST jack on Model DSP 2000 then use to toggle the display Note Connecting the battery charger can change the readings displayed on the battery status screen These changes are due to the charger s effect on the test tool s charging circuit 2 32 Chapter 3 Autotest Chapter 3 provides the following information e Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on twisted pair cable e Instructions and test result descriptions for an Autotest on coaxial cable e Instructions for saving Autotest results Autotest Softkeys The following softkey functions are active on the Autotest screens noted The PSNEXT screen is available on Model DSP 2000 only or Yiew Result shows the results of the last Autotest run Active on the first Autotest screen shows detailed test results regarding the highlighted cable pair or pairs Active on the first screens for the NEXT attenuation ACR RL and PSNEXT tests Yiew Plot Press to see a frequency response plot of the test results Active on the first screen and the results screen for the NEXT attenuation ACR RL and PSNEXT tests Hext Pair Hext Pairs Press to see the detailed results or the plot for the next cable pair or pairs tested Active on the results and plot screens for the NEXT attenuation ACR
97. how well the cable s characteristic impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies Glossary Reversed Pair Reversed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where the pins on a cable pair are reversed between connectors on each end of the cable RJ45 An 8 pin modular connector used with twisted pair cable The RJ45 connector resembles a telephone connector RJ11 ROM Read only memory A device used for permanent storage of data or programs A ROM does not require power to maintain its contents Once a ROM is programmed its contents cannot be altered Runt Packet An Ethernet data packet that is shorter than the valid minimum packet length of 64 bytes Runt packets are usually caused by a collision Screened Twisted Pair ScTP Twisted pair cable wrapped in a metallic sheath The sheath which is grounded at a single location in the network acts as a shield that protects the cable pairs from crosstalk and other sources of electrical noise Serial Data Transmission The transmission of data over a single wire Segment A network cable terminated at both ends Shielded Twisted Pair Refers to shielded twisted pair IBM cable with an impedance of 150Q Skin Effect The tendency of current to flow only near the surface of a conductor This effect becomes more pronounced at higher frequencies B 7 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual B 8 Split Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cable wh
98. ht the test you want to run Press to start the highlighted test Note If a remote is required for the test but is not connected the test tool displays the message SCANNING FOR REMOTE and does not run the test until a remote is connected If the calibration message appears refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for complete calibration instructions 4 4 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual The TDX Analyzer The TDX Time Domain Crosstalk analyzer displays the locations where crosstalk is occurring on the cable You can view the test results in a list or plot format The list format shows the largest crosstalk value detected on the cable The plot shows all of the crosstalk detected The crosstalk values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate levels of crosstalk as they appear at the sources of the crosstalk A level over 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard The TDX analyzer results are not intended for use in determining if a cable meets specifications the results are intended to help you locate the sources of crosstalk on a cable To determine if a cable meets specifications for crosstalk run the NEXT test Running the TDX Analyzer 4 6 Note You can run the TDX analyzer with or without a remote If you run the analyzer without a remote the results may be unreliable To run the
99. ielded twisted pair cables STP IBM Type 1 6 and 9 adapter required Coaxial cables Thicknet 10Base5 adapter required Thinnet 10Base2 RG 58 RG 58 foam RG 59 RG 59 foam RG 8 RG 8A U and RG 62 Test Standards TIA category 3 4 and 5 basic link or channel and TIA TP PMD IEEE 802 3 10Base5 10Base2 and 10BaseT IEEE 802 5 Token Ring 4 Mb s or 16 Mb s IEEE 100BaseTX 100BaseT4 IEEE 802 12 100BaseVG ISO Class A B C and D ANSI TP PMD Time for Autotest Full 2 way Autotest of category 5 UTP cable in approximately 20 seconds Characteristic Impedance Table 8 3 shows the specifications for the characteristic impedance test Table 8 3 Characteristic Impedance Test Specifications 8 8 Twisted Pair cable Coax Range 70 1802 35 1002 Accuracy 50 5 Nominal Measured 6Q 5 Nominal Measured D Anomaly Threshold 15 Reflection 10 Reflection Resolution 1Q 1Q Maintenance and Specifications 8 Specifications Length Test Table 8 4 shows the specifications for the length test Table 8 4 Length Test Specifications Twisted Pair cable Coax Range 0 to 328 ft 100m 0 to 328 ft 100m Resolution 1 ftor 0 1m 1 ftor 0 1m Accuracy 1 ft 8m 2 of reading 1 ft 8m 2 of reading Range 328 to 2500 ft 762m 328 to 4000 ft 1219m Resolution 1 ftor 0 1m 1 ftor0 1m Accuracy 1 ft 3m 4 of reading 1 ft 3m 4 of reading N
100. ifference is due to differences in the number of twists in the cable pairs Differences between measured and actual values of cable length can be caused by variations in the cable s NVP value To ensure maximum accuracy of length measurements perform an NVP calibration as described in Chapter 6 The length test limits include an extra 10 to account for variations in NVP A PASS result means that the measured length is within the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured length exceeds the limit Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delays are the times taken in nanoseconds for a test pulse to travel the length of each cable pair Delay skews are the differences in propagation delays between the shortest delay which is displayed as 0 ns and the delays of the other cable pairs The propagation delay and delay skew results show a limit if the test is required by the selected test standard If the test is not required the results always show PASS Characteristic Impedance The characteristic impedance test determines the approximate characteristic impedance of each cable pair Note Impedance measurements require a cable at least 5m 16 ft long Cables shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test A PASS result means that the measured impedance is within the specified limit for the selected test standard
101. ing A failure of any test required by the selected test standard produces a fail result on the report summary A warning appears on reports for twisted pair cable if a length impedance propagation delay or delay skew test produced a warning The table in Appendix C shows which test standards can produce a warning result for these tests Mukilteo Cable Co Test Summary FAIL SITE Westshore Business Park Cable ID Bldg7Rm9Cb13 OPERATOR Kim Nguyen Date Time 01 07 97 10 01 05am NVP 69 0 FAULT ANOMALY THRESHOLD 15 Test Standard TIA Cat 5 Channel FLUKE DSP 2000 S N 6680915 Cable Type UTP 100 Ohm Cat 5 HEADROOM 20 4 Software Version 3 29 Standards Version 3 06 Wire Map FAIL Result RJ45 PIN Split pairs detected 1 2 3 6 Patch Cable BAD or Patch Cable too short RJ45 PIN Pair 1 2 Impedance ohms Limit 80 120 107 Anomaly ft Length ft Limit 328 Prop Delay ns Delay Skew ns Limit 50 Resistance ohms Attenuation dB Limit dB Margin dB Frequency MHz Pairs 2 3 6 4 5 NEXT dB z 26 1 F Limit dB i 4 46 5 Margin dB s i Du 20 4 Frequency MHz A E Pe 35 4 Fal Measurement is within the accuracy limits of the instrument gc16f eps Figure 3 9 Part of an Autotest Report for Twisted Pair 3 26 Autotest The Autotest Report Mukilteo Cable Co Test Summary PASS SITE World Technology Ctr Cable ID Rm16COAX34 OPERATOR Mike Marshall Date Time 01 07 97 10 50 12am NVP
102. ing is enabled on the main unit the remote unit sends results from REMOTE tests to the main unit Turning On the Test Tool To turn on the test tool turn the rotary switch from OFF to any one of the available modes The power up screen which appears for about 3 seconds shows the software hardware and test standards versions for your main and remote units During this time the test tool also performs a self test If a fault is detected during the self test the following message appears INTERNAL FAULT DETECTED REFER TO MANUAL For information see If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 2 20 Getting Started Turning On the Test Tool Selecting a Language for Displays and Reports The test tool displays results and prints reports in English German French Spanish and Italian To select a language for displays and reports proceed as follows ONS AN ae e oh Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press Page Down four times Use to highlight the currently selected language Press C Choice Use to highlight the language you want Press _ENTER_ to accept the highlighted language The test tool s display now appears in the selected language Performing a Self Test The self test verifies that the test tool and the remote are operating properly To run the self test proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to highlight Se IF Test Press
103. ing the analyzer Terminator connection during length test connection during resistance test 3 22 effects on TDR test 4 9 Test standard selecting 2 24 selecting quick start 2 4 Test standards updates A 9 Time 2 27 Tone generator Troubleshooting finding cable faults 7 21 troubleshooting the test tool 8 4 U Using this manual 1 5 V Version hardware software test standards W Warning messages battery voltage messages 2 31 characteristic impedance warning 3 9 excessive noise detected excessive voltage detected 2 22 printed reports 3 26 test result memory is now full 3 25 test summary result 3 9 the previous test results have not been saved 3 3 unable to save test results warning in test results Web site address for Fluke A 8 Wire map description of test 3 6 displays 3 6 pin connections for 568 standard 7 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Manual Supplement Manual Title DSP 100 DSP 2000 Users Supplement Issue 4 Part Number 642964 Issue Date 7 00 Print Date January 1997 Page Count 5 Revision Date This supplement contains information necessary to ensure the accuracy of the above manual FLUKE 2000 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in the U S A DSP 100 DSP 2000 Users Manual Supplement Change 1 On page 6 1 under Calibrating the Test Tool add the following note after the first pa
104. ins 1 and 2 Change 3 On page 6 1 under Calibrating the Test Tool add the following note Note The test tool requires a traceable calibration once a year to make sure that it meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications Send it to an authorized Fluke service center for a complete traceable calibration once a year On page 8 7 change Service Center Calibration Period To Traceable Calibration Period Change 4 On page 8 2 under Replacing the NiCad Battery Pack add the following note Note Do not use a NiMH battery pack in place of the NiCad battey pack The test tool will not charge properly with a NiMH battery pack 7 00 5
105. isted Pair Cable wo cei ceeceeceseeesceeeeeeseeeeecaeenaecsaessaeesseenes Autotest on Coaxial Cable ccc ccecccecesceeseeceesceceeeeeeaeeseaeeceeneecaeeneaaeceeaeeeaes Main Unit FO atte iricsccascdactecsccesnceayenesedavessncevanvaseuavceaesecavesnedaressaccesuessncapeeassas Remote FEATUITES a anssecevcessdedecusvsiuascousccceusoeseuacvetedeoss scan enlevvacesentedeutsssondesensede Strap anid Bar s scnscciscesedeteceeisdiiepsecedopadectsseraeteiyened edi favesdebvedealoepvaeteiveesl i Rotary Swithin ea eA AARETE Turning On the Test Tool cescssecssecsseceseeeseeseneesaeeeseesaaecsaecaeseaeeeseeees Configuring the Test Tool eee ceeceseeeeceeeeeeseeeeecsaecsaecnsessseseeeeseeeseeeees Remote Lights Messages and Audible Tones Remote End Testa 94 s isisssssaecssessntshccauves sosasscdeahseucedancvvsdecbauanetavtvaddeadoeasedescueets Remote Communication Error ceccccssceeseceeeeeceseeeeaeceeaceceeeeeeaeeeeaeesenees Battery Statuse onerosa inei aaa e Een EE isons SE EE E DETE O 3 Autotest o a E EE EEE Autotest SoNKEYS errep a eee a e E EEEa EEEa ES Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable ccccccccccssssecesssececeeseeeecesseeaeeesseeeeeseeeeaees Link Performance Grade Result Headroom ccceecssceceesseeeeeeenaeeeeenenees Automatic Diagnostics Model DSP 2000 sssssssssesssesssesssssssssssssssssssssesses Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable ccccccccccssscecessssececeessneeeesenteeeeenes DSP
106. lable only when using a second main DSP 100 unit or a smart remote as a remote unit Remote end testing must be enabled on the main unit The NEXT REMOTE test and results are identical to the Autotest version See NEXT REMOTE in Chapter 3 for details Impedance The impedance test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Attenuation The attenuation test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Attenuation in Chapter 3 for details Resistance If a remote is connected the results displayed are identical to the display in Autotest See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message NO REMOTE DETECTED and all pair resistances are reported as OPEN A cable pair with a resistance greater than 400Q is also reported as OPEN 4 13 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Return Loss RL and RL REMOTE The RL test is identical to the Autotest version See Return Loss in Chapter 3 for details The RL REMOTE test is available only when using a DSP 2000 with a DSP 2000 smart remote Remote end testing must be enabled on the main unit See RL REMOTE in Chapter 3 for details Single Tests for Coaxial Cable The Single Test mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the coaxial cable tests available in the Autotest mode The TDR test is also available as a Single Test for coaxial cab
107. le The coaxial cable tests available as Single Tests produce results displayed in the same format as displayed in the Autotest mode Running a Single Test on Coaxial Cable Note For instructions on running the TDR test see the earlier section The TDR Test For instructions on running tests in the MONITOR mode see the later section Monitoring Network Activity To run a Single Test on coaxial cable refer to Figure 4 4 and proceed as follows 1 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable you are testing 2 If you want to measure cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cable you are testing Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST 4 Verify that the test standard and cable type are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode Remove any cable connected to the test tool s unused RJ45 connector Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cable and connect this end of the cable to the BNC connector on the test tool On Model DSP 2000 use the RJ45 to BNC adapter to connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack 7 Use to highlight the test you want to run Press to start the highlighted test Running Individual Tests 4 Single Tests for Coaxial Cable For Length Test remove far end Terminator BNC T Connector Test Tool gc22f eps Figure 4
108. ll test standards Temperature Average Cable Conduit Setting The conduit setting is not applicable to all test standards Remote End Testing using a standard remote Length Units Select meters or feet as the unit for length measurements Numeric Format Select a format 0 00 or 0 00 for display of decimal fractions Display and Report Language Select English German French Spanish or Italian Power Line Noise Filter Frequency Select the frequency of the ac power in your area The test tool filters out 50 Enables execution of the REMOTE tests Select Disable or Auto Detect when or 60 Hz noise from measurements Getting Started Quick Configuration To change any of the settings shown in Table 2 3 proceed as follows 1 Soh ye VES 10 gt Turn the rotary switch to SETUP If the setting you want to change is not on the first Setup screen press Page Down to see additional Setup screens Use to highlight the setting you want to change Press Choice Use V to highlight the setting you want Press to store the highlighted setting Repeat steps 2 through 6 to change additional settings 2 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Results within Accuracy Range An asterisk following a test result value indicates that the value is within the test tool s range of accuracy as shown in Figure 2 1 All tests except the wire map test may produce results with an
109. lts for the cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press Yiew Result Table 3 6 describes the items on the ACR results screen Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Table 3 6 Items on the ACR Results Screen Item Description NEXT Pairs The pairs that produced the crosstalk value used in calculating the ACR result Atten Pair The pair that produced the attenuation value used in calculating the ACR result Result The overall result for the ACR test A PASS result means that the calculated ACR is higher than the value specified for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the calculated ACR is lower than the specified value ACK dB The worst case ACR Worst case ACR is the calculated ACR value that is closest to exceeding specifications If the ACR exceeded specifications the value displayed is the ACR value that exceeded specifications by the greatest amount The frequency where the worst case ACR value is calculated Limit The specified limit for the ACR at the worst case frequency The limit is defined by the test standard selected The difference between the worst case ACR and the limit A positive number means that the worst case ACR is higher than the limit A negative number means that the worst case ACR is lower than the limit 3 15 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Pressing Yiew Plot produces the ACR plot screen Figure 3 5 shows an example of the screen and Table 3 7
110. luke s LAN Products BBS or web site to your PC then use DSP LINK to download the standards to your test tool A Cautions Downloading new test standards erases all test result data stored in the test tool s memory To save stored Autotest or Single Test results upload the results to a PC To prevent an unexpected loss of battery power to the test tool connect the battery charger to the test tool during the downloading process To download cable standards from the BBS or web site to your test tool proceed as follows 1 Copy the test standards file from the BBS or web site to a PC The file is compressed and self executing 2 Execute the file to expand the data Expanding the file creates a file with a SDB extension 3 Connect the test tool to the PC and configure the serial ports as described in the earlier section Preparing for Data Transfer 4 Inthe DSP LINK window click on Test Standards Update 5 If you want to save the Autotest reports stored in memory click on no in response to the next dialog box Save the reports by uploading them to the PC If you do not want to save the stored reports click on yes Enter the path and file name of the expanded SDB test standards file Click on OK A 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Downloading New Software When a software update becomes available from Fluke you can download the software from Fluke s LAN Products BBS or web site to your PC then use DSP LI
111. mally good for up to 1 000 charge discharge cycles Figure 8 2 shows how to remove the battery pack amp Note Ni Cd This instrument contains a Nickel Cadmium battery Used batteries should be disposed of by a qualified recycler or hazardous materials handler Contact your authorized Fluke Service Center for recycling information 8 2 Maintenance and Specifications 8 Maintenance gc39f eps Figure 8 2 Removing the NiCad Battery Pack Note The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool when the battery pack is removed Internal Lithium Backup Battery A lithium battery maintains the test tool s memory contents when you remove the NiCad battery pack The memory contents maintained are the stored Autotest reports all SETUP settings self calibration and NVP calibration data custom cable configurations and the report identification information The lithium battery lasts about five years if you always keep the main battery installed Removing the main battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the lithium battery 8 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 8 4 When the lithium battery voltage is low have the battery replaced at a Fluke Service Center See the later section Service Center Repair for shipping and warranty information If the Test Tool Fails If the test tool does not operate properly refer to Table 8 1 on the next page for troubleshooting procedures If the self test fails r
112. me the report was saved the cable identification name and an overall test result pass fail or warning Use Page Up Page Down and or to highlight the record you want to view rename or delete Press the softkey labeled with the function you want The softkeys function as follows Delete Report Allows you to delete the highlighted report from memory Yiew Result Displays the list of tests stored in the highlighted report An overall result is given for each test This softkey also gives access to the Rename Report softkey To delete all of the Autotest reports stored in memory select Delete All Test Reports from the main SPECIAL FUNCTIONS menu Chapter 6 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Chapter 6 provides the following information e Instructions for calibrating the test tool e Instructions for determining a cable s NVP value e Instructions for defining a custom test standard Calibrating the Test Tool Before shipment each test tool is calibrated to work with the remote unit shipped in the same package If you want to use your test tool with a different remote you must perform a self calibration to store the new remote s calibration parameters in the test tool You must also recalibrate after replacing the battery in a standard remote Calibrating the test tool also ensures maximum accuracy of cable test results The test tool stores the remote s calibration data in non volatile memo
113. ms used in DSP LINK For additional information see the online help in DSP LINK Table A 1 Summary of DSP LINK Functions DSP LINK What You Can Save Function onaPC Autotest Reports Autotest reports and report summaries saved in the test tool can be saved as CSV or TXT file types What You Can View onaPC Autotest reports saved in the test tool Use a database program such as Fluke Cable Manager to work with CSV data saved on the PC What You Can Print Autotest reports and report summaries saved in the test tool Detailed Test Data CSV data from the last test run NA Use Quick Plot to create plots of data from the last test run Or save the CSV data then use a spreadsheet program to work with the data NA Use Quick Plot to create and print plots of data from the last test run Or save the CSV data then use a spreadsheet program to work with the data Quick Plot NA Use the Detailed Test Data function to save CSV data for plots Plots from the last test run Plots from the last test run Fluke Cable Manager software lets you organize sort edit print and save Autotest reports generated by a DSP 100 or DSP 2000 test tool To purchase Cable Manager contact your local Fluke distributor DSP 100 2000 Users Manual A 6 Table A 2 Special Terms Used in DSP LINK Autotest Reports Detailed Test Data DSP LINK Function Description of
114. n an RJ45 connector into the RJ45 jack Inserting other connectors such as RJ11 telephone connectors can permanently damage the jack Never attempt to send data from a PC to the test tool while running a cable test Doing so may cause erroneous test results Never operate portable transmitting devices during a cable test Doing so may cause erroneous test results Never run tests with cables connected to both test connectors Doing so may cause erroneous test results To ensure maximum accuracy of test results perform the self calibration procedure as described in Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 Getting Started Quick Start Quick Start This section is for users who want to start using the test tool immediately with minimal instruction For suggestions on additional reading that may be helpful to you see Using this Manual in Chapter 1 Powering the Test Tool Before powering the test tool or smart remote with the NiCad battery pack charge the battery for about 3 hours To charge the battery connect the ac adapter charger to the test tool or smart remote and to ac line power You can operate the unit on ac power while the battery charges A fully charged battery typically lasts 10 12 hours See Battery Status on page 2 31 for information on battery status messages Note The ac adapter charger will not power the test tool when the battery pack is removed The standard remote unit is powered by a 9
115. nator Connector Test Tool gc04f eps Figure 3 7 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable Model DSP 2000 Shown 3 20 Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cable Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cable you are testing 2 If you want the Autotest to report cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cable Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST 4 Verify that the test standard and cable type displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 5 On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s RJ45 connector 6 Remove the terminator from the near end of the coaxial cable and connect the cable to the BNC connector on the test tool On Model DSP 2000 use the RJ45 to coaxial adapter to connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack 7 Press to start the Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cable An Autotest on coaxial cable performs the following tests Characteristic Impedance Note Impedance measurements require a cable at least 5m 16 ft long Terminated cables shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test Unterminated cables shorter than this length will always fail the impedance test The characteristic impedance test determines the approximate characteristic impedance for the cable A PASS result means that the impedance is within the limit specified by the selected test standard
116. ne of the cable s connectors To use the tone generator proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 2 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the CABLE TEST jack Use to highlight Tone Generator then press ENTER J 4 Use an inductive pickup device along the cable run or at far end connectors to determine which cable is connected to the test tool 4 24 Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Chapter 5 provides the following information e Instructions for sending saved test reports to a serial printer e Instructions for editing the report identification information e Instructions for viewing deleting and renaming test reports saved in the test tool s memory Printing Test Reports This section describes how to send reports directly to a printer If you want to send reports to a computer use the DSP LINK software provided with the test tool See Appendix A for instructions on running DSP LINK The PRINT mode on the rotary switch allows you to send saved Autotest reports or report summaries to a serial printer or a PC through the test tool s EIA 232C serial port You can also edit the header operator name and site name that appear at the top of reports Examples of printed Autotest reports are shown in The Autotest Report in Chapter 3 5 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 5 2 Configuring the Serial Port Before you send a report to a p
117. odel DSP 2000 also includes RL REMOTE and PSNEXT REMOTE tests Selecting Auto Detect allows the test tool to identify the remote as a standard or smart remote and run the REMOTE tests as appropriate To enable remote end testing proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SETUP 2 Use to highlight the remote end testing status 3 Press Choice 4 Use to highlight Enable or Auto Detect then press If you use a DSP 100 unit as a remote the remote unit displays the following status messages SMART REMOTE READY The remote unit is waiting for the main unit to start a test SMART REMOTE TESTING The main unit is running a test SMART REMOTE PASS or FALL Pass or fail is the overall result of the test just completed This message is displayed for about 3 seconds after a test is completed SMART REMOTE READY PRE YIOUS TEST PASS or PREYIOUS TEST FALL The remote is waiting for the main unit to start another test Pass or fail is the overall result of the previous test Getting Started Remote Communication Error Remote Communication Error If you are running the NEXT REMOTE or RL REMOTE test and the main unit detects a communication problem with the remote the following message appears on the main unit REMOTE communication error This message means that the REMOTE data cannot be transmitted to the main unit usually because the cable is defective To verify proper remote operation run a self test
118. oeseorssoereeessserseeessessseesseesssesssessressese vii DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 7 6 A TDX Analyzer Plots cs sacvevestgicatiac diese etn E nthe dees 7 7 Split Pait Win 822 ijciiscscckccctees GoctvesscayestacehigucsacssssabchessvepSctessl tgseegusbbaveiaedtee 7 8 How NV P18 Calculated necerais 7 9 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable 7 10 Example of a TOR Plots sicavesiscecssseepesssi adel pabzqsstveutigutequseeates cdengevadesstensts 7 11 A Plot of NEXT Attenuation and the Resulting ACR ec eeeeeeeeees 8 1 Removing the Battery in the Standard Remote cee eeeeeseeeeeereeeeeeeees 8 2 Removing the NiCad Battery Pack cee cesceseceseceseeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeeeenaes 8 3 Operating Environment Specifications 2 0 0 0 ceeeeceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees A 1 Connecting the Test Tool to a PC oo ceeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeaeesaaeenaee viii Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 provides the following information e Features of the DSP 100 and DSP 2000 test tools e A list of equipment included with the test tools e A guide to using this manual Overview of Features The Fluke DSP 100 LAN CableMeter and DSP 2000 LAN Cable Analyzer test tools hereafter referred to collectively as the test tool are hand held instruments used to certify cable and to test and troubleshoot coaxial and twisted pair cable in local area network LAN installations The test tool features new
119. ol s and PC s serial ports to the same configuration Connecting to a PC To connect the test tool to a PC use the 9 pin serial interface cable provided with the test tool Refer to Figure A 1 If your PC has a 25 pin serial port you can use a Fluke 25 pin adapter Fluke P N 929187 To verify the pin assignments for a different 25 pin adapter or a different cable refer to the pin assignments for the serial interface cable given in Specifications in Chapter 8 Using DSP LINK Preparing for Data Transfer PC Rear Panel Typical 8 aD a Use the 9 pin to 25 pin adapter if necessary gc41f eps Figure A 1 Connecting the Test Tool to a PC Configuring the Serial Ports Transferring data requires the serial ports on the test tool and the PC to have the same interface configurations You can view or change the test tool s serial port configuration in the SETUP mode For complete instructions refer to Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports The DSP LINK software allows you to configure a PC s serial port The PC serial port configuration includes baud rate flow control protocol and a port number selection A 3 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual A 4 To use DSP LINK to configure a PC s serial port and establish communications proceed as follows 1 2 3 4 a Use the serial interface cable provided to
120. or insulation without causing a complete open or short They can also be caused by cable mismatches and faulty contacts at connectors or punch down blocks A cable fault that has an impedance higher than the cable s characteristic impedance reflects a signal that has the same polarity as the original signal If the fault is not a complete open the amplitude of the reflected signal will be less than the original signal If the fault s impedance is lower than the cable s characteristic impedance but is not a complete short the reflected signal will have the opposite polarity and less amplitude than the original signal DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Cable Termination Because signal reflections can distort the shape of communication signals the unused ends of cable segments must be terminated to prevent reflections The terminating device is a resistor with a value equal to the cable s characteristic impedance A signal reaching the terminator is neither reflected nor passed the signal is absorbed and dissipated by the terminating resistance Because the test tool relies on signal reflections to determine cable length the tool cannot measure the length of properly terminated cables Interpreting the TDR Plot The TDR plot has a horizontal scale that represents distance and a vertical scale that represents the percentage of reflection relative to the original signal as shown in Figure 7 10 TDR Pair 455 100 1000 Fe
121. or left or right Use to change the maximum distance of the horizontal scale Running Individual Tests The TDR Test The TDR Test The TDR Time Domain Reflectometry test helps you locate impedance anomalies on a cable by reporting the locations of signal reflections caused by the anomalies The test locates anomalies caused by problems such as shorts opens poor connections and mismatches in cable types You can view the location and size of the anomalies in a list or plot format The reflection values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate size of the reflections as they appear at the anomalies How to Terminate the Cable You can run the TDR test on twisted pair cable with or without a remote unit and on coaxial cable with or without a terminator Table 4 4 describes how termination devices affect the results reported for twisted pair and coaxial cable Table 4 4 Effects of Termination on TDR Results Cable Type and Termination Twisted pair with no termination Twisted pair with remote Coaxial cable with no terminator Coaxial Cable with terminator Listed Results Show the Following Plotted Results Show the Following Displays the message All reflections are shown No Remote Detected Results show the two largest reflections greater than or equal to 15 The largest reflection probably comes from the end of the cable but is
122. ote Specifications are relative to calibrated value using a representative reference cable Variations occur because of variations in the cable manufacturing process Propagation Delay Test Table 8 5 shows the specifications for the propagation delay test Table 8 5 Propagation Delay Test Specifications Twisted Pair cable Coax Range 0 to 500 ns 0 to 500 ns Resolution 1 ns 1 ns Accuracy 2 ns 2 of reading 2 ns 2 of reading Range 500 to 3800 ns 500 to 6000 ns Resolution 1 ns 1 ns Accuracy 2 ns 4 of reading 2 ns 4 of reading 8 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual DC Loop Resistance Range 0 to 400Q DSP 100 accuracy 500 mQ 1 of reading DSP 2000 accuracy 2Q 2 of reading Resolution 0 1Q Overload recovery time Less than 10 minutes to rated accuracy following an overvoltage Self calibration is required after repeated or prolonged overvoltage Attenuation NEXT The following attenuation specifications are defined per TIA TSB 67 Frequency Range 100 kHz to 105 MHz in 100 kHz steps Range is determined by the selected test standard Amplitude Range 0 to gt 30 dB random noise floor for NEXT 30 dB Resolution 0 1 dB Return Loss Better than 15 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 20 dB Dynamic Accuracy Better than 0 75 dB from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Typically better than 0 25 dB at 30 dB of attenuation from 1 MHz to 100 MHz Measurement Accuracy calculate
123. other end of the cable DSP 100 2000 Users Manual B 4 Crosstalk Unwanted signal transfer between adjacent cable pairs Crosstalk occurs because electrical signals passing through a cable pair create an electromagnetic field that transmits the signal to nearby pairs CSV Data Abbreviation for comma separated variable A list of data separated by commas When CSV data is loaded into a spreadsheet application the application puts each comma separated value into a separate cell dB Abbreviation for decibel A logarithmic unit used for expressing the loss or gain of signal strength Download To transfer data from a computer to a remote device EIA 568A Electronic Industries Association Commercial Building Telecommunications wiring standard Specifies maximum cable lengths installation practices and performance specifications for generic building wiring Ethernet A local area network protocol using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection CSMA CD Ethernet is available with four cabling alternatives thin coaxial standard thick coaxial twisted pair and fiber optic This protocol uses 10 Mb s baseband transmission and is defined by the IEEE standard 802 3 Flash Memory Computer memory that requires no power to maintain its contents yet unlike ROM can be reprogrammed while installed in a system Foil Screened Twisted Pair FTP See Screened Twisted Pair Glossary Hardware Flow Control Ha
124. pair E 4 pair E 4 pair E 4 pair E Wire Map Resistance Length Impedance NEXT E 5 10 MHz E 1 80 MHz E 12 5 MHz E 1 15 MHz E 1 100 MHz 4 MHz 16 MHz 16 MHz E 1 80 MHz mex 1 16 MHz mex 1 100 MHz mex 1 16 MHz mex 1 100 MHz E 1 100 MHz Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest C Table C 1 Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest continued Test Standard Coax Cables IEEE 10BaseT 100BaseTX 100BaseT4 IEEE 802 12 4 UTP IEEE 802 12 STP TokenRing 4 Mb s TokenRing 16 Mb s Passive TokenRing 16 Mb s Active TP PMD Twin Ax RJ45 pins 4 5 S ARCnet Aus NZ Class C Channel Aus NZ Class D Channel Aus NZ Class C Basic Link Aus NZ Class D Basic Link All Tests 1 Test standards version 4 0 Attenuation E 5 10 MHz E 16 MHz E 2 12 5 MHz E 1 15 MHz E 1 100 MHz E 4 MHz E 16 MHz E 16 MHz E 16 MHz mex 1 16 MHz mek 1 100 MHz mex 1 16 MHz mek 1 100 MHz E 1 100 MHz ACR E 1 80 MHz E 1 100 MHz E 1 12 MHz E 1 25 MHz E 1 25 MHz E 1 80 MHz E 1 100 MHz E 1 100 MHz E 1 100 MHz Return Loss E 1 100 MHz Prop Delay Delay Skew E E E E E g g g g g g 2 Resistance propagation delay and delay skew are always measured results appear on printed test reports Pass Fail result given Pass Warning result given xom Results within the accuracy specifications of the test tool are marked with an asteri
125. point for each test Quick Plot Find Worst Margin Worst Margin is the margin that comes closest to exceeding the limit or the margin that exceeds the limit by the greatest amount Worst margin is reported for the cable pair selected with the cursor Find Worst Pair Worst Pair is the pair having the worst margin of all the cable pairs Quick Plot finds the worst pair even if all of the pairs are not shown on the plot The Find menu does not appear with TDR and TDX plots Using DSP LINK Formatting Hints for Uploaded Reports Table A 2 Special Terms Used in DSP LINK continued DSP LINK Function Description of Related Function or Term Quick Plot Using a Mouse to Control the Cursor When the pointing hand is shown on the plot you can move the cursor by sliding the mouse from side to side To freeze the cursor at a point on the line click the mouse Click again to move the cursor To move the cursor to a different plotted line click on a cable pair listed near the lower right side of the plot Using a Keyboard to Control the Cursor Use the left and right arrow keys to move the cursor in 100 kHz increments Use the shift key with the arrow keys to move the cursor in 1 MHz increments To move the cursor to a different plotted line use the up and down arrow keys to move the cursor up and down among the cable pairs on the plot To View Pairs One at a Time in Forward or Reverse Sequence Use the tab and shift t
126. pter 8 9 COLT CATIONS os sfssenact sever Lacceerssaseccnssa copdspussaceass ntecedeazsatessstgoddeyuciyneasasentisavaense A 1 Summary of DSP LINK Functions A 2 Special Terms Used in DSP LINK A 3 Formats for Uploaded Reports 200 0 eee esceesseeseeceseceseceseceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeaee C 1 Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest vi List of Figures Figure 1 1 Standard ACCESSOTIES seirinin riiin ii i E e r eoi i 2 1 The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy sseseeseseesreseesrerersrreresreeresreesesreees 2 2 Autotest Connections for Twisted Pair Cable Channel eceeseeee 2 3 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable seeseeeeeeeeeseresrrsrrerrsrresrsrees 2 4 Main Unit Features oinin treir eene E E EE S S SS 2 5 Standard and Smart Remote Features ccescceesseceeneeceeeeeeseceeeeceeneeeses 2 6 Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail 00 eee eesecsseceneeenseenneeenees 3 1 Autotest Connections for Twisted Pair Cable Basic Link cce 3 2 Examples of Automatic Diagnostics Displays 3 3 The Attenuation Plot Screen ceecccceecceceeecesseeceeeeeceeneessaeeeeaaeceeaeeceeeeees 3 4 The NEXT Plot Sereen iarri nitenin aed cdbuvnadactetobs cdesvaadesuan R ER 3 5 The ACR Plot STen ssscccssisscadesesdecehssasnnte cancveeesasuade ond ae rE sE uneia ERE anse 3 6 The RL Plot SCreem vise cccssessacacecis oc tayetadencicvnes dass nea eea E assess 3 7 Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cable
127. r complete calibration instructions 2 7 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 2 8 Horizontal Cross Connect Blocks LIIIDMIIIIIILIEIIIITIIILITIIIIISITIIILILIIIIILILI PILIIIITITIIIIILILILITITIIIIILILILIIIAPIICMITITI eed PIITITIIIIIIIIIIITITIIIIIIITIIITITIIIGIIIILIIIIILY CIDIIILTILILILILIITITILILIIIITRLIIIIIIIIIIIIITIIILY Cg IS A ES LEIEIDILILILILIIIIILCIITILITITITITITILITITILILILY PIPITLIITITIOIILILILITIIIIILILILILISIIIIIIIILILILGA PIELIDITITHPIIIIIIILITIIIILILILIIIIIIIIIIILILIIILY 2 Meters A RJ45 Jacks Test Tool Transition Gd Connector Wall Outlet gc03f eps Figure 2 2 Autotest Connections for Twisted Pair Cable Channel Configuration and Model DSP 2000 Shown Getting Started Autotest on Twisted Pair Cable If you are using a DSP 100 main unit as the remote turn the remote unit s rotary switch to SMART REMOTE If you are using a smart remote unit turn its rotary switch to ON Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the remote to the far end of the cable link On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP
128. ragraph Note Allow a I minute warm up time prior to performing self calibration see Chapter 6 Self calibration should be performed only after the test tool and remote unit have warmed up to an ambient temperature between 10 C and 40 C 50 F and 104 F On page 8 11 replace the Return Loss specification with Return Loss RL Return Loss range 0 to 30 dB Accuracy 3 dB over the following ranges 0 to 18 dB from 5 to 10 MHz 0 to 15 dB from 10 1 to 20 MHz 0 to 10 dB from 20 1 to 100 MHz 1 99 1 Manual Supplement DSP 100 DSP2000 Users Change 2 On pages 3 6 and 3 7 replace Table 3 1 with the following Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays Wire Map Condition Displayed Schematic Description Correct wiring Cable wiring is correct Shield sS shown only if required by selected test standard Left side of display represents near end connector NNAL TDU N ONAA OW N 29 gc43i eps Crossed wires 1 A wire in the 1 2 pair is crossed with a 2 aeee a wire in the 3 6 pair NNAL DU N A 5 gc45i eps Reversed pairs Wires 1 and 2 are crossed ONAA DU N NONA OW N s gc47i eps The wire pair connected to pins 1 amp 2 at one end is connected to pins 3 amp 6 at the other end Transposed pairs MONOD OW N gc49i eps 2 7 00 DSP 100 DSP 2000 Users Manual Supplement Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays continued
129. rdware Flow Control A hardware method of controlling data flow between two devices The receiving device tells the sending device to start or stop data transmission by sending control signals on a cable wire that is dedicated to flow control signals Horizontal Cabling The cabling between a telecommunications outlet and a horizontal cross connect Horizontal Cross Connect A group of connectors such as a patch panel or punch down block that allows equipment to be cross connected with patch cords or jumpers The horizontal cross connect is usually located in a wiring closet Impedance Opposition to the flow of ac alternating current signals Impedance is caused by inductance and capacitance Unlike resistance impedance varies with the frequency of the applied ac signal Impedance Discontinuity An abrupt change in a cable s characteristic impedance Impedance discontinuities can be caused by faulty connections mismatched cable types and untwisted sections on twisted pair cable Also called an anomaly Inductance A property of a device that tends to oppose changes in current Inductance is an undesirable characteristic of cables because it causes signal attenuation Inductive Pickup A device that emits sound when placed near a source of electromagnetic emissions Jabber A network fault condition where a frame longer than 1518 bytes is detected Network protocols specify a maximum packet length that one station may transmit b
130. rint To stop printing and return to the main Print menu press ExT All Report Summary Same as All Autotest Reports except that reports are printed in summary form The summaries give the date and time each report was saved the cable identification entered for each report and an overall test result for each report Selected Report Summary Same as Selected Autotest Reports except that reports are printed in summary form Edit Report Identification Displays the REPORT IDENTIFICATION screen where you can edit the Custom Header Operator Name or Site Name as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to PRINT 2 Use to highlight Edit Report Identification then press ENTER J 3 Use to highlight the information you want to edit then press Center J If you are editing an operator or site name you can press New to add a new name The New softkey appears only if less than 20 names have been entered To rename or delete an existing operator or site name press Fdit select the desired name then press Rename or Delete Changes to names preceeded by a appear on printed test reports You cannot delete a name that is used on a saved report Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports 4 To delete characters in the name press Delete To adda character to the name use and to highlight a character in the list then press ENTER To store the name press SAVE 6 When printing is complete
131. rinter set the test tool s serial port settings to match the printer s serial port settings The serial port settings include baud rate flow control and printer type For the type of printer you can select Hewlett Packard Epson or Text Only The Text Only setting which omits formatting commands for the printer is suitable for sending Autotest reports to a terminal emulator or to a printer other than a Hewlett Packard or Epson To configure the test tool s serial port proceed as follows Turn the rotary switch to SETUP Press 4_ Page Down twice Use to highlight the parameter you want to change Press 0C Choice Use to highlight the setting you want Press ENTER J to select the highlighted setting Repeat steps 2 through 6 to change additional serial port settings ad ON SOY 9 O Printer Interface Cable The interface cable provided with the test tool is configured for serial communication with a PC To communicate with a serial printer you will probably need a different cable or an adapter for the cable provided The pin configuration for the cable provided and for Fluke s 9 to 25 pin adapter is given in Specifications in Chapter 8 Refer to your printer s manual for specifications on your printer s serial port Printing To send a report through the test tool s serial port directly to a serial printer refer to Figure 5 1 and proceed as follows De SS ees Ge he a Viewing an
132. ry You can calibrate your test tool to work with two different remotes 6 1 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual To recalibrate the test tool refer to Figure 6 1 and proceed as follows 15cm UTP Patch Cable eS Test Tool Smart Remote gc26f eps Figure 6 1 Connections for Self Calibration DSP 2000 Shown Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to highlight Se IF Calibration Press ENTER J On Model DSP 100 remove any cable connected to the test tool s BNC connector Seyret VRE 5 Connect the test tool to the remote as directed by the displayed messages On Model DSP 2000 connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack 6 Press to start the calibration When the calibration is complete the calibration data and the remote s serial number are automatically stored in the test tool s calibration library If the message SELF CALIBRATION FAIL appears check the following e Verify that the main test tool and the remote are connected with the patch cable described on the test tool s display e Check the patch cable for breaks or damaged connectors e Check the connectors on the main and remote units for damage If the self calibration continues to fail send both the main and remote units to the nearest Fluke service center See Service Center Repair in Chapter 8 for details 6 2 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards 6 NVP Calibration NVP Calibration The Determine Cable NVP function allo
133. s 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down once 3 Press Choice 4 Use to highlight the status you want 5 Press to select the highlighted status If Memory is Full If the Autotest results you save fill the last available memory location the following message appears WARNING TEST RESULT MEMORY IS NOW FULL If you try to save additional test results after the memory has been filled the following message appears UNABLE TO SAVE TEST RESULTS MEMORY IS FULL To save additional test results you must first delete one or more test reports from memory You can delete test reports in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode For complete instructions see Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports You can see how many memory spaces are available by pressing the Memory softkey which appears on several Autotest displays Note The test tool can store the results from more than 500 Autotests The exact number of memory spaces available depends on the number of tests run by the selected test standard The Autotest Report Figures 3 9 3 10 and 3 11 on the following pages show how Autotest results appear in printed reports You can print Autotest reports or edit the report s identification information in the PRINT mode See Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports for complete instructions 3 25 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual The result printed on a report summary can be a pass or fail or warn
134. se Threshold The overall result of the noise test Displayed only when 10BaseT is selected A PASS result means that no 10 second intervals included more than two noise hits A FAIL result means that more than two noise hits were detected during a 10 second interval Average The average number of noise hits per second since the start of the test Peak The highest number of noise hits per second and the time at which the peak Noise Test was recorded Stop Test Stops the noise test and freezes the screen To restart the noise test press es Determining Hub Port Capabilities Model DSP 2000 This test determines if a hub supports the following standards e Auto Negotiation e 10BaseT e 100BaseTX e 100BaseT4 e 100BaseTX Full Duplex e 10BaseT Full Duplex To determine hub port capabilities proceed as follows 1 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the network connection to the test tool s MONITOR jack 2 Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR 3 Use to highlight HUB Port Capabilities then press ENTER J 4 23 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Using the Tone Generator Model DSP 2000 If you have an inductive pickup device you can use the test tool s tone generator to identify cable runs and connections The tone generator produces a signal on the cable under test You can hear the signal as an audible tone when you place an inductive pickup device near the cable or o
135. ses of electrical noise changing the impulse noise threshold 4 20 monitoring impulse noise 4 20 Noise test 2 79 Numeric format selecting 2 26 selecting quick start 2 4 NVP determining cable NVP 6 3 explanation of NVP 7 14 _ O Open wire map display 3 7 Overvoltage test 2 22 P PC interface cable 8 13 Power line filter frequency selecting 2 23 selecting quick start Power sum NEXT test 3 19 Power down timer 2 28 Power off timer Printing configuring the serial port 5 2 connections for printing 5 3 error options printer interface cable 5 2 Problems with the test tool 8 5 Propagation delay test 3 19 19 PSNEXT test Quick confi guration 2 4 3 Quick start DSP 100 2000 Users Manual R how to run Reflection Self calibration Serial port causes of reflections 7 15 P cable for printer interface length test result message Remote configuring a PC serial po calibrating for a new remote 6 1 sas PC communications A 3 eee error 2 31 connection for printing 5 3 compatibility between models 8 7 error printing ees Gn TOE test 4 9 interface description 8 12 lights messages and audible tones 2 29 t blerms with PC commanicat p cations messages displayed on remote Servicin smart remote features 2 14 amp Setup standard remote features TS dard 2 a 3 configuring the test tool 2 22 when to use a remote unit
136. sic Cable Testing 7 Crosstalk and Near End Crosstalk NEXT Minimizing Crosstalk Crosstalk problems are minimized by twisting together the two wires in each cable pair Twisting the two wires together causes the electromagnetic fields around the wires to cancel out leaving virtually no external field to transmit signals to nearby cable pairs You can avoid problems with crosstalk by observing the following precautions during installation When untwisting cable pairs to install connectors or make connections at punch down blocks make the untwisted sections as short as possible Be attentive when making wiring connections Wiring errors that cause split pairs create severe crosstalk problems Do not make sharp bends or kinks in the cable The radius of bends in a cable should be larger than 1 inch 2 54 cm Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties 7 13 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Nominal Velocity of Propagation NVP NVP is the speed of a signal through a cable relative to the speed of light In a vacuum electrical signals travel at the speed of light In a cable signals travel slower than the speed of light Typically the speed of an electrical signal in a cable is between 60 and 80 of the speed of light Figure 7 8 shows how the NVP percentage is calculated gt gt Signal Speed gt 300 000 000 NVP m s in Cable T 300 000
137. sk NEXT test is run but not displayed Results are used to calculate ACR C 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual C 6 _A AC adapter charger 2 3 Accessories standard accessories 1 3 Accuracy range ACR ACR Remote test 3 17 explanation of ACR plot description 3 16 results screen items 3 15 test for twisted pair 3 14 Anomaly See Impedance anomaly Asterisk in test results 2 6 on custom configurations 6 5 on selected report 5 4 Attenuation explanation of attenuation 7 5 plot description 3 11 results screen items 3 10 test for twisted pair 3 10 Audible tones enabling disabling 2 28 Auto increment 3 25 Automatic diagnostics 3 4 Auto Negotiation traffic test 4 16 Autotest coaxial cable 3 19 connections 2 11 descriptions of tests and results 3 21 list of tests 2 18 quick start Index organizing reports on a PC A 5 printing reports print options 5 3 serial port error report samples saving results 3 23 twisted pair connections connections for basic link 3 2 connections for channel descriptions of tests and results 3 6 list of tests 2 17 quick start Backlight Bail 2 16 Basic link configuration diagram test standard selection 2 24 Battery charging 2 3 lithium 8 3 NiCad removal and replacement 8 2 when to replace 8 2 remote battery removal and replacement 8 2 status messages 2 31 Beeper
138. sor View Next Result Pairs Figure 3 3 The Attenuation Plot Screen gc10c eps Table 3 3 Items on the Attenuation Plot Screen Description The cable pair relevant to the plot Frequency range in MHz of the attenuation test Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the highest test frequency specified by the selected test standard the readout shows the attenuation value at the cursor s position The measured attenuation for the cable pair The attenuation limits as defined by the selected test standard A crosshair is shown if the limit is defined for only one frequency Decibels of attenuation DSP 100 2000 Users Manual NEXT Test The NEXT test measures the crosstalk between cable pairs This crosstalk value is expressed as the difference in amplitude in dB between the test signal and the crosstalk signal NEXT is measured from the main unit end of the cable over a frequency range defined by the selected test standard If the NEXT test fails you can use the TDX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk on the cable The first NEXT screen displays the cable pairs tested the worst case NEXT margin and the test result for each set of pairs To see detailed results for the cable pairs use to highlight the pairs then press Yiew Result Table 3 4 d
139. spikes that have an amplitude greater than the selected impulse noise threshold Characteristic Impedance Characteristic impedance is the impedance that a cable would have if the cable were infinitely long Impedance is a type of resistance that opposes the flow of alternating current ac A cable s characteristic impedance is a complex property resulting from the combined effects of the cable s inductive capacitive and resistive values These values are determined by physical parameters such as the size of the conductors distance between conductors and the properties of the cable s insulation material Proper network operation depends on a constant characteristic impedance throughout the system s cables and connectors Abrupt changes in characteristic impedance called impedance discontinuities or impedance anomalies cause signals reflections which can distort signals transmitted through LAN cables and cause network faults 7 7 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Characteristic impedance is usually altered slightly by cable connections and terminations Sharp bands or kinks in LAN cable can also alter the cable s characteristic impedance Networks can operate with small discontinuities because the resulting signal reflections are small and are attenuated in the cable Larger impedance discontinuities can interfere with data transmission Such discontinuities are caused by poor electrical con
140. stalk signals received by the other cable pairs The crosstalk value is computed as the difference in amplitude between the test signal and the crosstalk signal when measured from the same end of the cable This difference is called near end crosstalk NEXT and is expressed in decibels Higher NEXT values correspond to less crosstalk and better cable performance All signals transmitted through a cable are affected by attenuation Because of attenuation crosstalk occurring at the far end of a cable contributes less to NEXT than crosstalk occurring at the near end of a cable To verify proper cable performance you should measure NEXT from both ends of the cable Locating NEXT Problems If the test tool reports a NEXT failure on a cable pair you can use the TDX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk problem Like the TDR results the TDX analyzer results are presented in both a list and a plot format The list format shows the cable pairs tested the peak magnitude of crosstalk detected on the pairs and the distance to the peak magnitude The TDX analyzer plot shows the location and magnitude of all crosstalk sources detected on the cable An example of a TDX analyzer plot from a test on a good twisted pair cable is shown in Figure 7 6 7 9 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual 7 10 The plot s horizontal scale represents the distance along the cable under test In the above example the cursor is placed at a small crosstalk source
141. t significant attenuation Baseband Signaling A method of signal transmission where the entire bandwidth of the medium is used to send a single signal Compare with broadband signaling Basic Link A network connection consisting of 1 a patch cable to a patch panel 2 one connection at the patch panel 3 a horizontal cable segment up to 90m 295 ft 4 a telecommunications outlet or transition connector and 5 a patch cable from the outlet or transition connector Cable test limits for a link are tighter than those for a channel because the channel limits allow for additional connections at the horizontal cross connect and near the telecommunications outlet BNC A coaxial cable connector used with Thin wire 10Base2 Ethernet networks Broadband Signaling A method of signal transmission where the bandwidth of the medium is shared by multiple signals The signals are separated into channels carried on different frequencies within the bandwidth This transmission method is often used to transmit voice data and video signals over a single medium Compare with baseband signaling Cable Pair Two wires usually twisted together that form a complete circuit for signal transmission Glossary Capacitance Capacitance A measurement of the capacity to store electrical charge across conductive elements that are separated by an insulating material dielectric Undesirable capacitance that occurs between conducting wires in a n
142. tacts improper cable terminations mismatched cable or connector types and by disturbances in the twisting pattern of twisted pair cable You can avoid problems with impedance discontinuities by observing the following precautions during installation e Never mix cables with different characteristic impedances unless you use special impedance matching circuitry e Always terminate coaxial cables with a resistance equal to the cable s characteristic impedance The terminating resistance prevents signal reflections by absorbing the signal s energy e When untwisting cable pairs to install connectors or make connections at punch down blocks make the untwisted sections as short as possible e Do not make sharp bends or kinks in the cable The radius of bends in a cable should be larger than 1 inch 2 54 cm e Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties 7 8 Basic Cable Testing Crosstalk and Near End Crosstalk NEXT Crosstalk and Near End Crosstalk NEXT Crosstalk is undesirable signal transmission from one cable pair to another nearby pair Like electrical noise from outside sources crosstalk can cause communication problems in networks Of all the characteristics of LAN cable operation crosstalk has the greatest effect on network performance The test tool measures crosstalk by applying a test signal to one cable pair and measuring the amplitude of the cros
143. the selected test standard Table 3 1 shows examples of wire map displays If the wire map test passes the Autotest continues You can view the wire map test results when the Autotest is complete If the wire map test fails the Autotest halts and the wire map screen appears with the word FAIL You can then save the wire map results by pressing save To continue the Autotest press Continue Test Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays Wire Map Display Schematic Description Condition only affected pairs shown Cable wiring is correct Shield 5 Correct wiring WIRE MAP Top row represents near RPS PINE ea ar ae eal end connector RJ45 PIN ee 456785 shown only if required by selected test standard OnNaARHWODND gc42i eps Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cable Table 3 1 Wire Map Displays continued Wire Map Display Schematic Description Condition only affected pairs shown Crossed wires Awire in the 1 2 WIRE MAP pair is crossed with RJ45 PIN 123456785 a wire in the 3 6 RJ45 PIN 132456785 pair Wiring does FALL not form a recognizable gc44i eps gc45i eps circuit Reversed pairs WIRE MAP Wires 1 and 2 are crossed RJ45 PIN 1 S 3 am ak 6 if B RJ45 PIN 2 i 3 45 6 785 gc46i eps Crossed pairs WIRE MAP Pairs 1 2 and 3 6 are crossed RJ45 PIN 123456785 KREENIS EC RJ45 PIN 361452785 FAIL gc48i eps WIRE MAP Wires 1 and 3 are shorted You can RJ45 PIN 123456785 use the TD
144. the test tool can determine the location of the open in the cable _ A T Cable End of Fault Transmitted Pulse l EBan Open Le Reflected Pulse Transmitted Pulse p gt l S i LT Reflected Pulse Terminator Matches cable characteristic impedance ransmitted Pulse gt l mm No Reflected Pulse gc35f eps Figure 7 9 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable Basic Cable Testing Time Domain Reflectometry TDR Reflections from Shorts A short represents an abrupt decrease in the impedance between the two conductors in a cable A short is caused when the insulation surrounding a cable s wires is damaged allowing the wires to touch each other The result is a near zero impedance connection between the conductors A short also causes signal reflections but in a manner opposite of an open Ina shorted cable the signal s energy is not dissipated because the short s impedance is close to zero The signal is reflected back to the source where it appears with the same amplitude but a polarity opposite of the original signal as shown in Figure 7 9 Reflections from Other Discontinuities Reflections are also caused by impedance discontinuities that measure somewhere between infinite and zero impedance These discontinuities can be caused by mechanical stress that damages cable wire
145. tor 10 100BaseTX traffic If a link state with the hub does not occur the test tool displays the warning message NO LINK PULSE To monitor network traffic on a twisted pair or coaxial Ethernet network refer to Figure 4 5 and proceed as follows Running Individual Tests 4 Monitoring Network Activity A Caution When using a coaxial T connector to connect the test tool to a network never allow the T connector to touch a conductive surface Such contact could disrupt network operation by creating a ground loop Note To extend battery life use the ac adapter charger when monitoring network traffic for extended periods While monitoring network traffic the test tool s automatic power down function is disabled BNC Connection Shown Test Tool gc23f eps Figure 4 5 Connections for Monitoring Network Traffic Model DSP 2000 Shown DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR Use to highlight either 1 H BaseT Traffic on RJ45 16 166BaseT amp Traffic on RJA3 on Model DSP 2000 or lfBase Traffic on BHC Remove any cable connected to the test tool s unused test connector Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as shown in Figure 4 5 On Model DSP 2000 connect to the jack indicated by the arrow at the top of the display Use the RJ45 to BNC adapter if necessary
146. ture 3 Press Choice 4 Use V to highlight the temperature range you want 5 Press to select the highlighted temperature range Selecting a Conduit Setting Some test standards require you to specify whether or not the cable is installed inside conduit If the test standard requires a conduit setting the current setting yes or no appears on the display when you turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST If the test standard does not require a conduit setting N A is displayed Metal conduit slightly increases a cable s attenuation To compensate for this increase the test tool s attenuation test limits are raised when the conduit setting is set to yes To change the conduit setting proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Use to highlight the conduit setting 3 Press Choice 4 Use to highlight the setting you want 5 Press to accept the highlighted setting 2 25 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Selecting a Length Unit The test tool displays length measurements in meters or feet To change the unit of measurement proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down four times 3 Press Choice 4 Use to highlight the desired unit 5 Press to accept the highlighted unit Selecting a Numeric Format The test tool displays decimal fractions with a decimal point separator 0 00 or a comma separator 0 00 To change the numeric format proceed as follows
147. twork traffic and impulse noise 6 Read Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing to add to your cable testing and troubleshooting knowledge 1 5 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual If you have never used a LAN cable tester and want to learn about cable testing and troubleshooting before you use the test tool proceed as follows 1 Read Chapter 7 Basic Cable Testing to learn the basics of LAN cable characteristics testing and interpreting test results Read Features in Chapter 2 to familiarize yourself with the test tool Read Getting Started in Chapter 2 to learn how to prepare the test tool for use Read Chapter 3 Autotest to learn how to run the most commonly used cable test and interpret the test results Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests to learn how to run individual tests and monitor network traffic and impulse noise Refer to the test and setup features listed under Rotary Switch in Chapter 2 to locate functions in the test tool s menu structure Refer to Appendix B Glossary to find definitions for unfamiliar terms Chapter 2 Getting Started Chapter 2 provides the following information e Safety and cautions to observe when using the test tool e Instructions for getting started quickly with the test tool e Detailed information on the test tool s features e Detailed instructions on configuring the test tool A Safety and Operational Information The
148. uld determine the actual NVP value for each spool of cable Determining the NVP value involves measuring a known length of cable and adjusting the test tool s length measurement to match the known length As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value changes accordingly The calibration procedure is explained in NVP Calibration in Chapter 6 Time Domain Reflectometry TDR TDR is a measurement technique used to determine a cable s length and characteristic impedance and locate faults along the cable TDR is sometimes referred to as cable radar because it involves analyzing signal reflections in the cable If a signal traveling through a cable encounters an abrupt change in the cable s impedance some or all of the signal is reflected back to the source The timing size and polarity of the reflected signals indicate the location and nature of impedance discontinuities in the cable 7 15 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Reflections from Opens An open or break in the cable represents an abrupt increase in the cable s impedance The impedance of an open is nearly infinite In an open cable a signal s energy is not dissipated by a terminating impedance so the signal bounces back towards the source This reflection appears at the source with the same amplitude and polarity as the original signal as shown on the next page in Figure 7 9 By measuring the amount of time taken for the reflected pulse to return
149. ult 3 If the Autotest results do not indicate the location of the fault run an additional test such as TDR or TDX analyzer that will help you locate the fault Model DSP 2000 provides these test results on its diagnostics displays 4 Visually inspect the cable at the location indicated by the tests 5 Repair the fault and retest the cable Table 7 1 on the next four pages shows possible causes for test failures and shows examples of displays from tests that can help you locate the cause of a failure 7 21 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Table 7 1 Identifying Cable Faults Test Failure Wire map open Likely Causes of Failure Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Faulty connections Cables routed to the wrong location Wires broken by stress at connections Damaged connector Cuts or breaks in cable Wire map split pair Wire map reversed pairs Wire map crossed pairs 7 22 Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wires connected to wrong pins at connectors or punchdown blocks Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7 1 Identifying Cable Faults continued Examples of Test Displays and Plots WIRE MAP RJ45 PIN RJ45 PIN 1 ae z 4 a 6 if 8 7 2345 3 8 FAIL gc52i eps Wire map display showing an open on pair 1 2 TDR TDR Pair
150. urn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode Use a 2m patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link On Model DSP 2000 connect to the CABLE TEST jack Press to start the Autotest Notes Pressing when the previous Autotest was not saved causes the test tool to display a warning message In this case you can either save the results of the previous test by pressing or delete the results and start a new Autotest by pressing TEST If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message SCANNING FOR REMOTE and does not run the Autotest until a remote is connected If the calibration message appears refer to Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6 for complete calibration instructions 3 3 3 4 DSP 100 2000 Users Manual Link Performance Grade Result Headroom When an Autotest is complete the display shows the overall result pass or fail and the worst case NEXT margin or headroom Headroom is the smallest difference found between the measured NEXT value and the limit This number serves as a figure of merit that reflects the overall performance of the link Automatic Diagnostics Model DSP 2000 If an Autotest fails you can press the FAULT INFO key to see more specific information on the cause of the failure Figure 3 2 shows examples of automatic
151. uyer for importation costs of repair replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country Fluke s warranty obligation is limited at Fluke s option to refund of the purchase price free of charge repair or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center or send the product with a description of the difficulty postage and insurance prepaid FOB Destination to the nearest Fluke authorized service center Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit Following warranty repair the product will be returned to Buyer transportation prepaid FOB Destination If Fluke determines that the failure was caused by misuse alteration accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work Following repair the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges FOB Shipping Point THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
152. ws an example of how noise affects the shape of an electrical signal known as a sine wave Signals that are severely distorted by noise can cause communication errors in a LAN gc31f eps Figure 7 5 Sources of Electrical Noise Electrical noise is generated by any device that uses or generates voltages that vary over time Varying voltage generates a varying electromagnetic field which transmits noise to nearby devices in the same way that a radio transmitter transmits signals to your radio For example fluorescent lights which use 50 or 60 Hz ac alternating current power continuously radiate a 50 or 60 Hz signal that can be received by nearby devices as electrical noise Basic Cable Testing 7 Characteristic Impedance LAN cables act as antennas that can pick up noise from fluorescent lights electric motors electric heaters photocopiers refrigerators elevators and other electronic devices Coaxial cable is far less susceptible to noise than twisted pair cable because it is shielded by a conductive sheath The sheath is electrically grounded to prevent noise from reaching the inner conductor The test tool measures impulse noise on the cable under test Impulse noise is abrupt spikes of interference This noise is caused by electronic devices that run intermittently such as elevators photocopiers and microwave ovens You can monitor impulse noise in the test tool s MONITOR mode The test tool counts impulse noise
153. ws you to determine the NVP nominal velocity of propagation for a known length of cable and save the value for additional measurements of unknown lengths of the same type of cable The calibrated NVP value applies only to the selected test standard You can also enter a known NVP value or use the Set to Default softkey to set the NVP to the default value which is the NVP for a typical sample of the selected cable type To determine a cable s NVP value proceed as follows Notes To determine a cable s NVP you should use a cable at least 15m 50 ft long The recommended length is 30m 100 ft NVP is determined for the cable pair with the shortest electrical delay Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Use to highlight Determine Cable HYP Press ENTER J As prompted by the display connect a known length of the appropriate cable to the test tool On Model DSP 2000 connect the cable to the CABLE TEST jack ee Ea 5 Verify that no cables are connected to the unused cable connector or DB9 connector on the test tool Press TEST Use or to change the displayed length to the known length of the attached cable As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value changes automatically The range for NVP values is 50 0 to 99 9 8 When the displayed length matches the known length of the cable press to store the new NVP value and return to the main Special Functions menu To exit the screen without saving
154. y of connecting hardware Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Damaged connector Insufficient cable quality Impedance anomaly detected Poor connection between two lengths of cable Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Taps into wire pair Twisted pair cable should never be tapped Excessive loading at coaxial cable tap Mismatch of cable types Incorrect terminator value 7 24 Basic Cable Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7 1 Identifying Cable Faults continued Examples of Test Displays and Plots TDR TDR Pair 1 2 WIRE MAP Pair Distance Peak 2 78 ft RJ45 PIN 1 z 345 j 4 a S 3 6 86 ft End s Fsi 455 86 ft End RJ45 PIN 3 45 6 gt S 758 84 ft End FAIL gc63i eps 71005 Ft Too i i i Ref lection 11 at 78ft Wire map display showing a to select pair a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor short between pins 1 and 2 View Next peannin Plot Pair DFF gc64i eps gc65i eps TDR results showing short 78 ft TDR plot of results shown at left from test tool NEXT test fails TDX Analyzer Pairs 1 2 3 6 100 50 0 ft 50 100 Cursor at 79 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin Pairs DFF gc66i eps TDX plot showing NEXT caused by excessive untwisting of cable pair at far end connector Impedance anomaly is TOR Pair 4 5 detected ese 100 Ne 200 400 Ref lection 14 at 59 ft a v Adjusts scale 4 p Moves cursor Next Scannin Pair n DFF gc67i eps T
155. yuk sa vedaaecast i uawerotenseerteacsaneeds C Tests Run per Test Standard During an Autotest Index iii DSP 100 2000 Users Manual List of Tables International Electrical SymbDoIs 0 eee eeeceesecesecencecesecescecaaecsaeeenaeesaees Key Functions for the Menu System 0 ee eeeeeeceseceseceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeneenes Quick Configuration Settings eeeeeeeceeeceeeeeseeceeeeeseecsaeeseeesaeenaeend Main Unit Features sasies ccccescccesssscecsessececseseececeeseeeeceseeeaeeesseeeeesesenaeens Remote Connectors and Features cccccccccsssececessseceesesneceeseseeeceesneeeenees Status Indications from Remotes 0 cccceceesseceseesaeeecesaaececseaaececssaaeeeeneaaes Battery Status Messages sseni eie isinen anek a EE E E E e Wire Map Displays nserit eesis penera EEEa ENEE ENERE Items on the Attenuation Results Screen ccccccecsseceesseseeecsenneeeeeneaaees Items on the Attenuation Plot Screen ssnssosseessesessesesesssssesssseressserseessee Items on the NEXT Results Sereen sannisissiiarrarirrarrrrariarriirnar Items on the NEXT Plot Sereen sisssirsiirerisriirrsissiirrssvriitenirsiirrravsi sraiisiateaas Items on the ACR Results Screen c ccccccccsssscccesssececesnneeecesseeeeessaeeeeees Items on the ACR Plot Screen ccccecceccssceceessececseseceesesaeeeceeseeeeeesaeeeenes Items on the RL Results Screcn assuira Items on the RL Plot SCreEn isssssssisasnissmariadesientatsiomandensixnaxiaaiansilie

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