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American Standard 2480.216 Indoor Furnishings User Manual
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1. A star whose brightness varies over time due to either inherent properties of the star or something eclipsing or obscuring the brightness of the star The period of the moon s cycle between full and new when its illuminated portion is decreasing The period of the moon s cycle between new and full when its illuminated portion is increasing The point on the Celestial Sphere directly above the observer The zodiac is the portion of the Celestial Sphere that lies within 8 degrees on either side of the Ecliptic The apparent paths of the Sun the Moon and the planets with the exception of some portions of the path of Pluto lie within this band Twelve divisions or signs each 30 degrees in width comprise the zodiac These signs coincided with the zodiacal constellations about 2 000 years ago Because of the Precession of the Earth s axis the Vernal Equinox has moved westward by about 30 degrees since that time the signs have moved with it and thus no longer coincide with the constellations 54 APPENDIX C LONGITUDES AND LATITUDES ALABAMA Anniston Auburn Birmingham Centreville Dothan Fort Rucker Gadsden Huntsville Maxwell AFB Mobile Mobile Aeros Montgomery Muscle Shoal Selma Troy Tuscaloosa ALASKA Anchorage Barrow Fairbanks Haines Hrbor Homer Juneau Ketchikan Kodiak Nome Sitka Sitkinak Skagway Valdez ARIZONA Davis M AFB Deer Valley Douglas Falcon Fld Flagstaff Fort Huachuc Gila Bend Goodyear Gran
2. to the Earth s rotational axis Many methods of polar alignment require that you know how to find the celestial pole by identifying stars in the area For those in the northern hemisphere finding the celestial pole is not too difficult Fortunately we have a naked eye star less than a degree away This star Polaris is the end star in the handle of the Little Dipper Since the Little Dipper technically called Ursa Minor is not one of the brightest constellations in the sky it may be difficult to locate from urban areas If this is the case use the two end stars in the bowl of the Big Dipper the pointer stars Draw an imaginary line through them toward the Little Dipper They point to Polaris see Figure 5 5 The position of the Big Dipper changes during the year and throughout the course of the night see Figure 5 4 When the Big Dipper is low in the sky i e near the horizon it may be difficult to locate During these times look for Cassiopeia see Figure 5 5 Observers in the southern hemisphere are not as fortunate as those in the northern hemisphere The stars around the south celestial pole are not nearly as bright as those around the north The closest star that is relatively bright is Sigma Octantis This star is just within naked eye limit magnitude 5 5 and lies about 59 arc minutes from the pole The north celestial pole is the point in the northern hemisphere around which all stars appear to rotate The counterpart in the
3. 22 2 28 2 7 2 37 2 52 2 52 2 49 8 37 2 37 2 49 8 16 8 30 25 2 31 8 4 8 37 2 13 8 34 8 30 19 8 54 34 8 34 8 12 48 34 2 37 8 55 8 16 2 46 8 4 8 27 16 8 522 1 8 1 2 22 2 48 42 16 8 22 8 19 8 27 15 45 31 2 10 2 40 8 18 52 8 58 8 54 444 LONGITUDE degrees Santa Fe 106 Silver City 108 Socorro 106 Taos 105 Truth Or Con 107 Tucumcari 103 White Sands 106 NEW YORK Albany 73 Ambrose 74 Binghamton 75 Buffalo 78 Dansville 78 Elmira 76 Farmingdale 73 Fort Drum 75 Glens Falls 73 Griffiss AFB 75 Islip 73 Ithaca 76 Jamestown 79 Massena 74 Monticello 74 New Vork 73 Newburgh 74 Niagara Fall 78 Ogdensburg 75 Oneonta 75 Plattsburgh 73 Rochester 77 Saranac Lk 74 Schenectadv 73 Svracuse 76 Utica 75 Watertown 76 Westhampton 72 White Plains 73 NORTH CAROLINA Asheville 82 Cape Hattera 75 Charlotte 80 Cherrv Point 76 Dare Co Gr 76 Diamond Sho 75 Elizabeth 76 Favetteville 78 Fort Bragg 78 Greensboro 79 Hickorv 81 Hot Springs 82 Jacksonville 77 Kinston 77 Mackall Aaf 79 Manteo Arpt 75 New Bern 77 New River 77 Pope AFB 79 Raleigh Durh 78 Rockv Mt 77 Southern Pin 79 Wilmington 77 Winston 80 Salem NORTH DAKOTA Bismarck 100 Devil s Lake 98 Dickenson 102 Fargo 96 Grand Forks 97 Jamestown 98 Lidgerwood 97 Minot 101 Roseglen 101 Williston 103 OHIO Athens 82 Canton 81 Cincinnati 84 Cleveland 81 Columbus 82 Davton 84 Findlav 83 Mansfield 8
4. 27 25 2 46 8 52 8 31 8 24 24 37 2 24 10 2 33 40 2 45 33 46 2 19 8 22 2 55 8 22 2 51 22 8 4 2 49 2 37 2 18 51 522 48 57 39 582 40 2 36 4 8 13 8 45 4 2 28 8 22 8 31 8 33 46 8 13 2 19 8 28 2 LONGITUDE degrees Grand Isle 90 High Island 94 Houma 90 Intercoastal 92 Lafayette 92 Lake Charles 93 Lk Palourde 91 Missippi Can 89 Monroe 92 Morgan City 91 New Iberia 91 New Orleans 90 S Marsh Isl 91 Shreveport 93 Slidel 89 MAINE Augusta 69 Bangor 68 Bar Harbor 68 Brunswick 69 Caribou Mun 68 Greenville 69 Houlton 67 Loring AFB 67 Portland 70 Presque Isle 68 Rockland 69 Rumford 70 MARVLAND Andrews AFB 76 Baltimore 76 Fort Meade 76 Hagerstown 77 Ocean Citv 75 Patuxent 76 Phillips 76 Salisburv 75 MASSACHUSETTS Bedford 71 Beverly 70 Boston 71 Cape Cod 70 Chatham 69 Fort Devens 71 Hyannis 70 Lawrence 71 Marthas Vine 70 Nantucket 70 New Bedford 70 Norwood 71 Otis ANGB 70 Pittsfield 73 S Weymouth 70 Westfield 72 Westover 72 Worcester 71 MICHIGAN Alpena 83 Ann Arbor 83 Battle Creek 85 Benton 86 Harbor Chippewa 84 Coopersville 85 Copper Harb 87 Detroit 83 Escanaba 87 Flint Bishop 83 Grand Rapids 85 Hancock 88 Harbor Beach 82 Houghton 84 Lake Iron Mtn 88 Ironwood 90 Jackson 84 Kalamazoo 85 Lansing 84 Manistee 86 Marquette 87 Menominee 87 Muskegon 86 Pellston 84 Pontiac 83 Saginaw 84 Sault Ste M 84 Sawver AFB 87 Selfridge 82 Seul Choix 8
5. 37 37 37 36 36 36 38 37 37 38 36 37 48 47 48 48 47 47 47 47 46 46 47 47 48 46 48 46 48 46 47 47 47 47 47 47 46 min 22 2 31 8 10 2 1 8 13 2 22 2 51 58 8 46 8 1 8 30 42 19 8 22 2 7 2 46 8 43 2 46 2 10 8 37 2 13 2 30 4 8 46 8 10 2 27 13 2 28 2 12 33 31 8 25 2 52 8 7 8 30 34 2 43 2 57 4 8 19 8 7 8 55 8 54 49 2 30 30 19 2 16 2 57 51 48 28 8 30 52 8 19 2 552 37 2 4 8 34 2 582 12 15 582 25 2 16 2 45 57 30 27 37 8 16 2 28 8 LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE degrees min degrees min degrees min degrees min degrees min degrees min Walla Walla 118 16 8 46 6 WISCONSIN WVOMING Wenatchee 120 1 2 47 24 Appleton 88 31 2 44 15 Big Pinev 110 0 6 42 34 2 Whidbev Is 122 39 48 21 Eau Claire 91 28 8 44 52 2 Casper 106 28 2 42 55 2 Yakima 120 31 8 46 34 2 Green Bay 88 7 8 44 28 8 Chevenne 104 49 2 41 9 WEST VIRGINIA Janesville 89 1 8 42 37 2 Cody 109 1 2 44 31 2 Beckley 81 7 2 37 46 8 La Crosse 91 15 43 52 2 Douglas 105 22 8 42 45 Bluefield 81 13 2 37 18 Lone Rock 90 10 8 43 12 Evanston 111 0 41 19 8 Charleston 81 3 6 38 22 2 Madison 89 19 8 43 7 8 Gillette 105 31 8 44 21 Clarksburg 80 13 8 39 16 8 Manitowac 87 40 2 44 7 8 Jackson 110 43 8 43 36 Elkins 79 51 38 52 8 Milwaukee 87 54 42 57 Lander 108 43 8 42 49 2 Huntington 82 33 38 222 Mosinee 89 40 2 44 46 8 Laramie 105 40 8 41 19 2 Lewisburg 80 24 37 522 Neenah 88 3
6. 45 42 45 42 44 43 44 45 45 44 43 44 42 45 45 40 40 40 40 41 41 42 41 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 39 41 40 40 39 40 41 41 40 41 41 41 34 32 32 33 34 34 33 min 40 2 18 21 22 8 18 34 2 52 8 13 8 24 40 8 43 8 9 6 25 2 12 19 8 15 49 8 4 8 36 22 8 40 8 30 31 8 16 8 10 8 22 2 37 8 25 2 1 2 40 8 36 16 2 13 8 55 2 37 2 37 2 33 39 18 45 16 2 10 8 4 8 22 8 13 2 19 2 7 8 16 8 25 8 4 8 52 8 28 2 21 22 8 43 8 19 8 15 12 10 2 43 8 30 28 8 57 10 8 51 55 2 LONGITUDE degrees min Myrtle Beach 78 55 8 Shaw AFB 80 28 2 Spartanburg 81 57 6 SOUTH DAKOTA Aberdeen 98 25 8 Brookings 96 4 8 Chamberlain 99 19 2 Custer 103 3 6 Ellsworth 103 0 6 Huron 98 13 2 Lemmon 102 10 2 Mitchell 98 1 8 Mobridge 100 25 8 Philip 101 3 6 Pierre 100 16 8 Rapid City 103 4 2 Redig 103 19 2 Sioux Falls 96 43 8 Watertown 97 9 Yankton 97 22 8 TENNESSEE Bristol 82 24 Chattanooga 85 1 2 Clarksville 87 25 2 Crossville 85 4 8 Dyersburg 89 24 Jackson 88 552 Knoxville 83 58 8 Memphis Intl 90 0 Monteagle 85 30 6 Nashville 86 40 8 Smyrna 86 3 TEXAS Abilene 99 40 8 Alice 98 1 8 Amarillo 101 4 2 Austin 97 4 2 Bergstrom Af 97 40 8 Big Sky 101 28 8 Big Spring 101 27 Brownsville 97 25 8 Brownwood 98 57 6 Carswell AFB 97 25 8 Chase NAS 97 40 2 Childress 100 16 8 College Stn 96 222 Corpus Chrst 97 3 Cotulla 99 13 2 Dalhart 102 33 Dallas
7. adjusted Equatorial Slide the center portion of the tripod leg away from the tripod head until it is at the desired height Tighten the levers on each leg clamp to hold the legs in place A 3 Azimuth G a Alignment Screws B Tripod Attaching the Equatorial Mount Head Mp d eg The equatorial mount allows you to tilt the telescope s axis of rotation so that you can track the stars as they move across the Mounting sky The CG 5 mount is a German equatorial mount that Knob attaches to the tripod head On one side of the tripod head there is a metal alignment peg for aligning the mount This side of the tripod will face north when setting up for an astronomical observing session To attach the equatorial head Figure 2 3 Locate the azimuth adjustment screws on the equatorial mount Retract the screws so they no longer extend into the azimuth housing on the mount Do NOT remove the screws since they are needed later for polar alignment Hold the equatorial mount over the tripod head so that the azimuth housing is above the metal peg Place the equatorial mount on the tripod head so that the two are flush Tighten the knob attached to the central rod on the underside of the tripod head to hold the equatorial mount firmly in place Attaching the Center Leg Brace 1 Slide the accessory tray over the central rod so that each arm of the tray is pushing against the inside of the tripod legs 2 Thread the accessory tray knob on
8. and one on the opposite side on nu North Celestial Pole which to align itself To Auto Align your telescope Meridian ad X H x 1 Select Auto Align from the alignment choices given fines Based on the date and time information entered the e B telescope will automatically select and go to a bright star that is above the horizon e If for some reason the chosen star is not visible perhaps behind a tree or building press UNDO to automatically select the next bright star from the database star list 2 Once the telescope is finished slewing to your first alignment star the display will ask you to use the arrow buttons to align the selected star with the crosshairs in the Figure 3 2 f the fi On ntered in the finder The Meridian is an imaginary line in the sky center o FAMA Porn Ome centered der that starts at the North celestial pole and press ENTER A ends at the South celestial pole and passes 3 The display will then instruct you to center the star in the through the zenith If you are facing South field of view of the eyepiece When the star is centered the meridian starts from your Southern press ALIGN to accept this star as your first alignment horizon and passes directly overhead to the siat North celestial pole 4 After the first alignment star has been entered the telescope will automatically select a second alignment star on the same side of the Meridian and have you repeat this procedure for
9. 18 56 15 Lima Peru 77 2w 12 0s Pr Edward Isl Nova Scotia 63 9 46 14 Liverpool England 3 Ow 53 25n Quebec Quebec 71 15 46 50 London England 0 5w 51 32n Regina Saskatchewan 104 38 50 30 Lvons France 4 50e 45 45n Saskatoon Saskatchewan 101 32 52 10 Madrid Spain 3 42w 40 26n St Johns Newfoundland 52 43 47 34 Manchester England 2 15w 53 30n Toronto Ontario 79 23 43 39 Manila Phillipines 120 57e 14 35n Vancouver BC 123 7 49 16 Marseilles France 5 20e 43 20n Victoria BC 123 20 48 26 Mazatl n Mexico 106 25w 23 12n Whitehorse Yukon 135 3 60 43 Mecca Saudi Arabia 39 45e 21 29n Winnipeg Manitoba 97 9 49 53 Melbourne Australia 144 58e 37 47s INTERNA TIONAL Mexico City Mexico 99 7w 19 26n Milan Italy 9 10e 45 27n Montevideo Uruguay 56 10w 34 53s Aberdeen Scotland 2 9w 57 9n Moscow Russia 37 36e 55 45n Adelaide Australia 138 36e 34 55s Munich Germany 11 35e 48 8n Amsterdam Holland 4 53e 52 22n Nagasaki Japan 129 57e 32 48n Ankara Turkey 32 55e 39 55n Nagoya Japan 136 56e 35 7n Asunci n Paraguay 57 40w 25 15s Nairobi Kenya 36 55e 1 25s Athens Greece 23 43e 37 58n Nanjing China 118 53e 32 3n Auckland New Zealand 174 45e 36 52s Naples Italy 14 15e 40 50n Bangkok Thailand 100 30e 13 45n Newcastle England 1 37w 54 58n Barcelona Spain 2 9e 41 23n Odessa Ukraine 30 48e 46 27n Bel m Brazil 48 29w 1 28s Osaka Japan 135 30e 34 32n Belfast Northern Ireland 5 56w 54 37n Oslo Norway 10 42e 59 57n Belgrade Yugoslavia 20 32e 44 52n Panama City Panama 79 3
10. 41 40 35 39 33 35 34 37 39 min 34 8 40 2 34 2 19 2 16 8 58 2 39 22 8 40 8 37 8 45 20 4 52 2 13 8 13 2 18 49 2 13 8 37 8 22 2 21 45 4 2 52 8 7 8 10 2 40 8 27 28 2 36 33 25 2 57 16 2 31 8 55 8 13 8 25 8 39 49 2 37 2 16 2 7 2 18 39 51 582 312 13 2 19 8 16 2 28 8 49 8 13 2 10 2 10 8 7 8 46 8 28 8 58 8 25 8 7 8 55 8 16 8 16 2 16 8 Blythe Burbank Campo Carlsbad Castle AFB Chico China Lake Chino Concord Crescent Cty Daggett Edwards AFB El Centro El Monte El Toro Eureka Fort Hunter Fort Ord Fresno Fullerton George AFB Hawthorne Hayward Imperial Imperial Bch La Verne Lake Tahoe Lancaster Livermore Long Beach Los Alamitos Los Angeles Mammoth March AFB Marysville Mather AFB Mcclellan Merced Miramar NAS Modesto Moffet Mojave Montague Monterey Mount Shasta Mount Wilson Napa Needles North Is Norton AFB Oakland Ontario Intl Oxnard Palm Springs Palmdale Palo Alto Paso Robles Pillaro Pt Point Mugu Pt Arena Pt Arguello Pt Piedras Red Bluff Redding Riverside Sacramento Salinas San Carlos San Clemente San Diego San Francisco San Jose San Luis Obi San Mateo San Miguel Sandburg Santa Ana Santa Barb Santa Maria Santa Monica Santa Rosa LONGITUDE degrees 114 118 116 117 120 121 117 117 122 124 116 117 115 118 117 124 121 121 119 117 117 118 122 115 117 117 120 18 121
11. 9 CELESTRON Advanced Series Advanced Series GT INSTRUCTION MANUAL C8 N C8 NGT e C10 N C10 N Waning isos as ise iri ea e fa d E ER ERE E E T E E E E E T ERR RRE 4 ENIM EEEE EES S ETES SEEE EEEE NA EEN 7 Setting up the Tripod zu Attaching the Equatorial Mount s Attaching the Center Leg Braces 26a pene a PERTENECER IRIURE QUI eat de a EO UR e retener Rep PRSE 8 Installing the Counterweipht Bar cete ROTER RERO OUS FEN TUN DR ERE CER nou a an 8 Installing the Counterweight a Attaching the Hand Control Holder hti eme pi p t eH EET ER CM a a E RESI I etti 9 Attaching the Slow Motion Knobs eec amb RO tags vegies OR CER GIRO BI GE REAGIEREN SB Gr RUPEM HR 9 Attaching the Telescope Tube to the Mount Installing the Finderscope 11 Installing the Evepieces 11 Balaricing the Tube mR A o aor e eO ERI GR EGO EUR X ESSE B ERGO NR ue eee QUY aee one de P Octo 12 PXanSuPAGIV ue Adjusting the Mount in Altitude Adjusting the Mountan Azimuth is terere yo ORO YE CHER Sb B GERINGE YR ER I EW ERE OR ERES PR RU ts 14 Attaching the Declination Cables For GT Models Only eerie estea erT rtt tene tette tht tanien tata aine tnde beber arb been 14 Powetnng the T lescope mee e en eO CUR ORI YES IE VE T EE D cete evo be C dees eel CON US ce E M ao tere 14 HAND GL OM MIO feb DE 15 Hand Control Operation vis teret RERO RE e ER QURE UR enden Alignment
12. Both stars should be near the celestial equator i e 0 declination You will monitor the drift of each star one at a time and in declination only While monitoring a star on the meridian any misalignment in the east west direction is revealed While monitoring a star near the east west horizon any misalignment in the north south direction is revealed It is helpful to have an illuminated reticle eyepiece to help you recognize any drift For very close alignment a Barlow lens is also recommended since it increases the magnification and reveals any drift faster When looking due south insert the diagonal so the eyepiece points straight up Insert the cross hair eyepiece and align the cross hairs so that one is parallel to the declination axis and the other is parallel to the right ascension axis Move your telescope manually in R A and DEC to check parallelism First choose your star near where the celestial equator and the meridian meet The star should be approximately within 1 2 an hour of the meridian and within five degrees of the celestial equator Center the star in the field of your telescope and monitor the drift in declination e Ifthe star drifts south the polar axis is too far east e Ifthe star drifts north the polar axis is too far west Make the appropriate adjustments to the polar axis to eliminate any drift Once you have eliminated all the drift move to the star near the eastern horizon The star should be 20 degrees above the
13. Eyepiece 94171 This multipurpose 12 5mm illuminated reticle can be used for guiding deep sky astrophotos measuring position angles angular separations and more The laser etched reticle provides razor sharp lines and the variable brightness illuminator is completely cordless The micro guide eyepiece produces 80 power with the C8 N and 96 power with the C10 N Moon Filter 94119 A Celestron s Moon Filter is an economical eyepiece filter for reducing as the brightness of the moon and improving contrast so greater detail can be observed on the lunar surface The clear aperture is 21mm and the transmission is about 18 Motor Drive Single Axis 93518 This motor drive is a single axis R A DC motor drive It is powered by four D cell batteries not included 2x and 4x sidereal speeds are available through the included hand controller For non computerized Advanced Series Mounts Motor Drive Dual Axis 93523 This dual axis motor drive with drive corrector capabilities are designed for Celestron s Advanced CG 5 mounts They precisely control the telescope s tracking speed during long timed exposures of celestial objects producing the best possible image sharpness Four speeds are available 1x sidereal 2x for guiding 4x and 8x for centering These precision state of the art DC motor drives operate from 4 D cell batteries not included The hand controller module is very compact and fits easily in the palm of
14. FW 97 1 8 Del Rio 100 552 Dyess AFB 99 51 El Paso 106 2 4 Ellington Af 95 10 2 Fort Worth 97 21 Ft Hood Aaf 97 43 2 Galveston 94 522 Gray AFB 97 49 8 Greenville 96 4 2 Guadalupe 104 4 8 Harlingen 97 40 2 Hondo 99 10 2 Houston 95 21 Junction 99 46 2 Kelly AFB 98 34 8 Kerrville 99 4 8 Killeen 97 40 8 Kingsville 97 49 2 Laredo Intl 99 28 2 Laughlin AFB 100 46 8 Longview 94 43 2 Lubbock 101 49 2 Lufkin 94 45 Marfa 104 1 2 Mcallen 98 13 8 Midland 102 10 8 Mineral Wils 98 4 2 Palacios 96 15 Paris Cox 95 27 Plainview 101 42 6 Port Arthur 94 1 2 Reese AFB 102 3 Rockport 97 1 8 58 LATITUDE degrees 33 33 34 45 44 43 43 44 44 45 43 45 44 44 44 45 43 44 42 36 35 36 35 36 35 35 35 35 36 36 32 27 35 30 30 32 32 25 31 32 28 34 30 27 28 36 32 29 32 31 29 32 31 29 31 33 31 26 29 29 30 29 29 31 27 27 29 32 33 31 30 26 31 32 28 33 34 30 33 28 min 40 8 58 2 55 2 27 18 46 2 22 8 55 8 46 2 31 8 22 8 9 6 34 8 55 2 55 2 28 8 37 2 57 1 2 36 49 2 7 2 25 2 43 8 13 8 18 12 23 4 18 54 474 46 8 22 2 25 8 34 8 46 2 27 1 2 54 22 2 25 8 48 37 2 49 2 16 2 4 2 4 2 49 8 13 8 21 582 30 22 8 58 8 4 8 31 8 22 2 22 8 39 13 8 22 2 10 8 46 8 43 2 37 8 10 2 34 8 4 8 LONGITUDE degrees San Angelo 100 San Antonio 98 Sanderson 102 South Brazos 95 Stephenville 98 Temple 97 Tvler Pounds
15. a great amount of detail on the lunar surface At low power you will be able to see most of the lunar disk at one time Change to higher power magnification to focus in on a smaller area Choose the unar tracking rate from the hand control s MENU tracking rate options to keep the moon centered in the eyepiece even at high magnifications Lunar Observing Hints To increase contrast and bring out detail on the lunar surface use filters A yellow filter works well at improving contrast while a neutral density or polarizing filter will reduce overall surface brightness and glare Observing the Planets Other fascinating targets include the five naked eye planets You can see Venus go through its lunar like phases Mars can reveal a host of surface detail and one if not both of its polar caps You will be able to see the cloud belts of Jupiter and the great Red Spot if it is visible at the time you are observing In addition you will also be able to see the moons of Jupiter as they orbit the giant planet Saturn with its beautiful rings is easily visible at moderate power Planetary Observing Hints e Remember that atmospheric conditions are usually the limiting factor on how much planetary detail will be visible So avoid observing the planets when they are low on the horizon or when they are directly over a source of radiating heat such as a rooftop or chimney See the Seeing Conditions section later in this section e To increase
16. a problem for the brighter stars and planets bright skies reduce the contrast of extended nebulae making them difficult if not impossible to see To maximize your observing limit deep sky viewing to moonless nights far from the light polluted skies found around major urban areas LPR filters enhance deep sky viewing from light polluted areas by blocking unwanted light while transmitting light from certain deep sky objects You can on the other hand observe planets and stars from light polluted areas or when the Moon is out Seeing Seeing conditions refers to the stability of the atmosphere and directly affects the amount of fine detail seen in extended objects The air in our atmosphere acts as a lens which bends and distorts incoming light rays The amount of bending depends on air density Varying temperature layers have different densities and therefore bend light differently Light rays from the same object arrive slightly displaced creating an imperfect or smeared image These atmospheric 38 disturbances varv from time to time and place to place The size of the air parcels compared to vour aperture determines the seeing quality Under good seeing conditions fine detail is visible on the brighter planets like Jupiter and Mars and stars are pinpoint images Under poor seeing conditions images are blurred and stars appear as blobs The conditions described here apply to both visual and photographic observations Seeing conditions di
17. be converted for use with 120 volt AC power Auxiliary Port Accessory 93965 This accessory plugs into the auxiliary port of the telescopes control panel to provide additional ports for accessories like the CN 16 GPS as well as a PC programming port Barlow Lens A Barlow lens is a negative lens that increases the focal length of a telescope Used with any eyepiece it doubles the magnification of that eyepiece Celestron offers two Barlow lens in the 1 1 4 size The 2x Ultima Barlow 93506 is a compact triplet design that is fully multicoated for maximum light transmission and parfocal when used with the Ultima eyepieces The OMNI Barlow 93326 is a compact achromatic Barlow lens that is under three inches long and weighs only 4 oz It works very well with all Celestron eyepieces Eyepieces Like telescopes eyepieces come in a variety of designs Each design has its own advantages and disadvantages For the 1 1 4 barrel diameter there are four different eyepiece designs available e OMNI Plossl Pl ssl eyepieces have a 4 element lens designed for low to high power observing The Pl ssls offer razor sharp views across the entire field even at the edges In the 1 1 4 barrel diameter they are available in the following focal lengths 4mm 6mm 9mm 12 5mm 15mm 20mm 25mm 32mm and 40mm e X Cel This 6 element design allows each X Cel Eyepiece to have 20mm of eye relief 55 field of view and more than 25mm of lens aperture even
18. button and use the Up Down keys to select Precise Goto e Choose Database to select the object that you want to observe from any of sut mue the database catalogs listed or L ANTI BACKLASH e Choose RA DEC to enter a set of celestial coordinates that you wish to slew to I AZM POSITIVE 2 Once the desired object is selected the hand control will search out and display pU eni AE the closest bright star to your desired object Press ENTER to slew to the bright L ALT NEGATIVE alignment star Aas Elis 3 Use the direction buttons to carefully center the alignment star in the eyepiece f i F ALTMAX IN LIST 4 Press ENTER to slew to the desired object L ALTMIN IN LIST DIRECTION BUTTONS AZM BUTTONS Scope Setup Features ALT BUTTONS L GOTO APPROACH Setup Time Site Allows the user to customize the telescope s display by changing L AZM APPROACH time and location parameters such as time zone and daylight savings ALT APPROACH L AUTOGUIDE RATES Anti backlash All mechanical gears have a certain amount of backlash or play U AZM RATE between the gears This plav is evident bv how long it takes for a star to move in the ALT RATE A I AZIMUTH LIMITS evepiece when the hand control arrow buttons are pressed especiallv when changing directions The Advanced GT s anti backlash features allows the user to compensate for AZM MIN LIMIT backlash by inputting a value which quickly rewinds the motors just enough to eliminate AZM MAX LIMIT
19. contrast and bring out detail on the planetary surface try using Celestron eyepiece filters Observing the Sun Although overlooked by many amateur astronomers solar observation is both rewarding and fun However because the Sun is so bright special precautions must be taken when observing our star so as not to damage your eyes or your telescope Never project an image of the Sun through the telescope Because of the folded optical design tremendous heat build up will result inside the optical tube This can damage the telescope and or any accessories attached to the telescope 37 For safe solar viewing use a solar filter that reduces the intensity of the Sun s light making it safe to view With a filter you can see sunspots as they move across the solar disk and faculae which are bright patches seen near the Sun s edge Solar Observing Hints e The best time to observe the Sun is in the early morning or late afternoon when the air is cooler e Tocenter the Sun without looking into the eyepiece watch the shadow of the telescope tube until it forms a circular shadow e To ensure accurate tracking be sure to select the solar tracking rate Observing Deep Sky Objects Deep sky objects are simply those objects outside the boundaries of our solar system They include star clusters planetary nebulae diffuse nebulae double stars and other galaxies outside our own Milky Way Most deep sky objects have a large angular size Ther
20. defects Parts or product for which replacement is made shall become the property of Celestron The customer shall be responsible for all costs of transportation and insurance both to and from the factory of Celestron and shall be required to prepay such costs Celestron shall use reasonable efforts to repair or replace any telescope covered by this warranty within thirty days of receipt In the event repair or replacement shall require more than thirty days Celestron shall notify the customer accordingly Celestron reserves the right to replace any product which has been discontinued from its product line with a new product of comparable value and function This warranty shall be void and of no force of effect in the event a covered product has been modified in design or function or subjected to abuse misuse mishandling or unauthorized repair Further product malfunction or deterioration due to normal wear is not covered by this warranty CELESTRON DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WHETHER OF MERCHANTABILITY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN THE SOLE OBLIGATION OF CELESTRON UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE TO REPAIR OR REPLACE THE COVERED PRODUCT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN CELESTRON EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY LOST PROFITS GENERAL SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHICH MAY RESULT FROM BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY OR ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY CE
21. horizon and within five degrees of the celestial equator e Ifthe star drifts south the polar axis is too low e Ifthe star drifts north the polar axis is too high Again make the appropriate adjustments to the polar axis to eliminate any drift Unfortunately the latter adjustments interact with the prior adjustments ever so slightly So repeat the process again to improve the accuracy checking both axes for minimal drift Once the drift has been eliminated the telescope is very accurately aligned You can now do prime focus deep sky astrophotography for long periods NOTE Ifthe eastern horizon is blocked you may choose a star near the western horizon but you must reverse the polar high low error directions Also if using this method in the southern hemisphere the direction of drift is reversed for both R A and DEC 36 Q CELESTRON Celestial Observing With vour telescope set up vou are readv to use it for observing This section covers visual observing hints for both solar system and deep sky objects as well as general observing conditions which will affect your ability to observe Often it is tempting to look at the Moon when it is full At this time the face we see is fully illuminated and its light can be overpowering In addition little or no contrast can be seen during this phase One of the best times to observe the Moon is during its partial phases around the time of first or third quarter Long shadows reveal
22. locate all 8 of our solar systems planets plus the Moon However the hand control will only display the solar system objects that are above the horizon or within its filter limits To locate the planets press the PLANET key on the hand control The hand control will display all solar system objects that are above the horizon e Use the Up and Down keys to select the planet that you wish to observe e Press INFO to access information on the displayed planet e Press ENTER to slew to the displayed planet 20 Tour Mode The Advanced Series telescopes include a tour feature which automaticallv allows the user to choose from a list of interesting objects based on the date and time in which you are observing The automatic tour will display only those objects that are within your set filter limits see Filter Limits in the Setup Procedures section of the manual To activate the Tour mode press the TOUR key 6 on the hand control The hand control will display the best objects to observe that are currently in the sky e Tosee information and data about the displayed object press the INFO key e To slew to the object displayed press ENTER e Tosee the next tour object press the Up key Constellation Tour In addition to the Tour Mode your telescope has a Constellation Tour that allows the user to take a tour of all the best objects in each of the 88 constellations Selecting Constellation from the LIST menu will display all the constellati
23. point Since putting vour head in front of the telescope to look at the image with an evepiece would keep the reflector from working a flat mirror called a diagonal intercepts the light and points it out the side of the tube at right angles to the tube The evepiece is placed there for easy viewing Newtonian Reflector telescopes replace heavy lenses with mirrors to collect and focus the light providing much more light gathering power for the dollar Because the light path is intercepted and reflected out to the side you can have focal lengths up to 1000mm and still enjoy a telescope that is relatively compact and portable A Newtonian Reflector telescope offers such impressive light gathering characteristics you can take a serious interest in deep space astronomy even on a modest budget Newtonian Reflector telescopes do require more care and maintenance because the primary mirror is exposed to air and dust However this small drawback does not hamper this type of telescope s popularity with those who want an economical telescope that can still resolve faint distant objects SECONDARY PRIMARY MIRROR MIRROR Figure 4 1 A cutaway view of the light path of the Newtonian optical design Image Orientation Newtonian reflectors produce a right side up image but the image will appear rotated based on the location of the eyepiece holder in relation to the ground Newtonian reflectors ar
24. sec With 31 557 600 seconds in a year the light year equals a distance of 9 46 X 1 trillion km 5 87 X 1 trillion mi Magnitude is a measure of the brightness of a celestial body The brightest stars are assigned magnitude 1 and those increasingly fainter from 2 down to magnitude 5 The faintest star that can be seen without a telescope is about magnitude 6 Each magnitude step corresponds to a ratio of 2 5 in brightness Thus a star of magnitude 1 is 2 5 times brighter than a star of magnitude 2 and 100 times brighter than a magnitude 5 star The brightest star Sirius has an apparent magnitude of 1 6 the full moon is 12 7 and the Sun s brightness expressed on a magnitude scale is 26 78 The zero point of the apparent magnitude scale is arbitrary A reference line in the sky that starts at the North celestial pole and ends at the South celestial pole and passes through the zenith If you are facing South the meridian starts from your Southern horizon and passes directly overhead to the North celestial pole A French astronomer in the late 1700 s who was primarily looking for comets Comets are hazy diffuse objects and so Messier cataloged objects that were not comets to help his search This catalog became the Messier Catalog M1 through M110 Interstellar cloud of gas and dust Also refers to any celestial object that has a cloudy appearance The point in the Northern hemisphere around which all the stars appear to rotate This is caus
25. the Home position for your mount simply use the arrow buttons on the hand control to move the telescope mount to the desired position Select the Set option and press Enter GOTO SET POLAR ALIGN LIGHT CONTROL Polar Align The Advanced GT has a polar alignment function that will help you KEYPAD OFF polar align your telescope for increased tracking precision and astrophotography KEYPAD ON After performing an Auto Alignment the telescope will slew to where Polaris should DISPLAY OFF DISPLAY ON be By using the equatorial head to center Polaris in the eyepiece the mount will then be pointed towards the actual North Celestial Pole Once Polar Align is complete FACTORY SETTING you must re align your telescope again using any of the alignment methods described earlier To polar align the mount in the Northern Hemisphere PRESS UNDO PRESS 0 1 With the telescope set up and roughly positioned towards Polaris align the VERSION mount using the Auto Align or Auto Three Star method GET ALT AZ GOTO ATL AZ 2 Select Polar Align from the Utilities menu and press Enter HIBERNATE TURN ON OFF GPS Based on your current alignment the telescope will slew to where it thinks Polaris 26 should be Use the equatorial head latitude and azimuth adjustments to place Polaris in the center of the eyepiece Do not use the direction buttons to position Polaris Once Polaris is centered in the eyepiece press ENTER the polar axis should then be pointe
26. the Off option and press ENTER This will turn the tracking motors off so that objects will remain in your camera s field of view Metering The Advanced Series telescope has a fixed aperture and as a result fixed f ratios To properly expose your subjects photographically you need to set your shutter speed accordingly Most 35mm SLR cameras offer through the lens metering which lets you know if your picture is under or overexposed Adjustments for proper exposures are made by changing the shutter speed Consult your camera manual for specific information on metering and changing shutter speeds Reducing Vibration Releasing the shutter manually can cause vibrations producing blurred photos To reduce vibration when tripping the shutter use a cable release A cable release keeps your hands clear of the camera and lens thus eliminating the possibility of introducing vibration Mechanical shutter releases can be used though air type releases are best Blurry pictures can also result from shutter speeds that are too slow To prevent this use films that produce shutter speeds greater than 1 250 of a second when hand holding the lens If the lens is mounted on a tripod the exposure length is virtually unlimited Another way to reduce vibration is with the Vibration Suppression Pads 93503 These pads rest between the ground and tripod feet They reduce the vibration amplitude and vibration time 42 Auto Guiding The Advanced GT telesc
27. the northeast and set in the northwest Stars at high celestial latitudes are always above the horizon and are said to be circumpolar because they never rise and never set You will never see the stars complete one circle because the sunlight during the day washes out the starlight However part of this circular motion of stars in this region of the sky can be seen by setting up a camera on a tripod and opening the shutter for a couple hours The processed film will reveal semicircles that revolve around the pole This description of stellar motions also applies to the southern hemisphere except all stars south of the celestial equator move around the south celestial pole Stars seen near the north celestial pole Stars seen near the celestial equator Stars seen looking in the opposite direction of the north celestial pole Figure 5 2 All stars appear to rotate around the celestial poles However the appearance of this motion varies depending on where you are looking in the sky Near the north celestial pole the stars Scribe out recognizable circles centered on the pole 1 Stars near the celestial equator also follow circular paths around the pole But the complete path is interrupted by the horizon These appear to rise in the east and set in the west 2 Looking toward the opposite pole stars curve or arc in the opposite direction scribing a circle around the opposite pole 3 33 Latitude Scales The easiest wav to polar alig
28. the polar alignment process only Once polar aligned the mount must NOT be moved Pointing the telescope is done by moving the mount in right ascension and declination as described earlier in this manual Attaching the Declination Cable For GT Models Only The Advanced Series mount comes with a declination cable that connects from the R A motor drive electronic panel to the Dec motor drive To attach the motor cable Locate the Declination cable and plug one end of the n DEC Locking cable into the port on the electronics panel labeled p Clamp DEC Port and plug the other end of the cable into the port located on the declination motor drive see Fig 2 16 R A Locking Ps Declination Cable Powering the Telescope OX 5 E The Advanced GT can be powered by the supplied 7 car batterv adapter or optional 12v AC adapter Use only adapters supplied by Celestron Using any other Declination Cable adapter may damage the electronics or cause the f Output Port telescope not to operate properly and will void your manufacturer s warranty 12v Power Input On Off Switch 1 To power the telescope with the car battery adapter or 12v AC adapter simply plug the round post into the 12v outlet on the electronic panel and plug the other end into your cars cigarette lighter outlet or portable power supply see Optional Accessories Note to prevent the power cord from being accidentally pulled out wrap the power cord around the strai
29. to the central rod and tighten Installing the Counterweight Bar To properly balance the telescope the mount comes with a counterweight bar and at least one counterweight depending on model To install the counterweight bar Locate the opening in the equatorial mount on the DEC axis Thread the counterweight bar into the opening until Mounting Knob tight l Central Rod Tighten the counterweight bar lock nut fullv for added l support see fig 2 5 l E N Accessory Tray Once the bar is securely in place you are ready to attach the counterweight Accessory Tray Knob Figure 2 4 Since the fully assembled telescope can be quite heavy position the mount so that the polar axis is pointing towards north before the tube assembly and counterweights are attached This will make the polar alignment procedure much easier Installing the Counterweight Depending on which AST telescope you have you will receive either two or three counterweights To install the counterweight s Counterweight Bar Orient the mount so that the counterweight bar points toward the Locking Nut ground Counterweight Remove the counterweight safety screw on the end of the Bar counterweight bar 1 e opposite the end that attaches to the mount Locking Screw Loosen the locking screw on the side of the counterweight 4 Slide the counterweight onto the shaft see Figure 2 5 Tighten the locking screw on the side of the weight to hold the coun
30. your safety and protect your equipment Warning Q Never look directly at the sun with the naked eye or with a telescope unless you have the proper solar filter Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result O Never use your telescope to project an image of the sun onto any surface Internal heat build up can damage the telescope and any accessories attached to it O Never use an eyepiece solar filter or a Herschel wedge Internal heat build up inside the telescope can cause these devices to crack or break allowing unfiltered sunlight to pass through to the eye Never leave the telescope unsupervised either when children are present or adults who may not be familiar with the correct operating procedures of your telescope Fig l 1 The Advanced Series Newtonian C8 N Shown l Finderscope 7 2 Steel Tripod Finderscope Bracket 8 Center Leg Brace Accessory Tray Eyepiece 9 Counterweights I Focuser 10 Counterweight Bar Tube Rings 11 Dovetail Slide Bar Latitude Adjustment Lever 12 Optical Tube Fig l 2 The Advanced Series GT Newtonian C8 NGT Shown 1 Finderscope 8 Center Leg Brace Accessorv Trav pe Finderscope Bracket oF Counterweights 3 Eyepiece 10 Counterweight Bar 4 Focuser 11 Dovetail Slide Bar 5 Tube Rings 12 Optical Tube 6 Latitude Adjustment Lever 13 Hand Control I 2 Steel T
31. 1 32 33 32 30 32 34 30 31 21 22 24 19 21 20 21 22 20 21 20 21 20 20 43 42 44 47 45 43 45 43 46 42 42 44 47 42 45 42 43 42 38 41 38 40 41 37 37 38 40 41 40 41 39 41 40 min 49 2 7 8 37 2 25 8 12 13 8 21 582 552 46 8 24 22 8 582 312 4 2 39 40 8 43 2 31 8 31 8 57 39 22 2 31 2 55 2 19 8 52 8 1 2 0 6 42 58 2 37 8 21 46 8 15 31 8 27 43 2 21 54 22 8 48 58 8 58 2 25 2 34 2 31 8 31 2 46 2 49 2 552 31 2 22 8 10 2 52 8 28 2 55 2 10 8 39 30 28 8 52 8 46 2 34 2 28 8 9 6 4 2 46 8 30 6 1 8 54 55 8 49 8 55 2 55 8 Glenview NAS Kankakee Macomb Marion Marseilles Mattoon Moline Quad Mount Vernon Peoria Quincv Rockford Salem Scott AFB Springfield Sterling Taylorville Vandalia INDIANA Bakalar Bloomington Elkhart Evansville Fort Wayne Gary Grissom AFB Indianapolis Muncie South Bend Terre Haute W Lafayette IOWA Burlington Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Estherville Fort Dodge Lamoni Mason City Ottumwa Sioux City Spencer Waterloo Mun KANSAS Chanute Col J Jabar Concordia Dodge City Elkhart Emporia Ft Leavnwrth Ft Riley Garden City Goodland Hays Hill City Hutchinson Johnson Cnty Liberal Manhatten Mcconnell Af Medicine Ldg Olathe Russell Salina Topeka Topeka Forbe Wichita KENTUCKY Bowling Gren Ft Campbell Ft Knox Jackson Lexington London Louisville Ow
32. 1 8 44 13 2 Moorcroft 104 48 6 44 21 Martinsburg 77 58 8 39 24 Oshkosh 88 34 2 44 0 Rawlins 107 1 2 41 48 Morgantown 79 552 39 39 Rhinelander 89 27 45 37 8 Riverton 108 27 43 3 Parkersburg 81 25 8 39 21 Rice Lake 91 43 2 45 28 8 Rock Springs 109 4 2 41 36 Wheeling 80 39 40 10 8 Volk Fld 90 16 2 43 55 8 Sheridan 106 58 2 44 46 2 Wh Sulphur 80 1 2 37 27 6 Wausau 89 37 2 44 55 2 Worland 107 58 2 43 58 2 Vellowstone 110 25 2 44 33 CANADA CITV PROVINCE LONGITUDE LATITUDE CITV COUNTRV LONGITUDE LATITUDE Calgarv Alberta 114 7 51 14 Glasgow Scotland 4 15w 55 50n Churchill Newfoundland 94 0 58 45 Guatemala City Guatemala 90 31w 14 37n Coppermine Northwest Terr 115 21 67 49 Guayaquil Ecuador 79 56w 2 10s Edmonton Alberta 113 25 53 34 Hamburg Germany 10 2e 53 33n Frederickton New Brunswick 66 40 45 57 Hammerfest Norway 23 38e 70 38n Ft Mcpherson Northwest Terr 134 50 67 29 Havana Cuba 82 23w 23 8n Goose Bay Newfoundland 60 20 53 15 Helsinki Finland 25 0e 60 10n Halifax Nova Scotia 63 34 44 39 Hobart Tasmania 147 19e 42 52s Hazelton BC 127 38 55 15 Iquique Chile 70 7w 20 10s Kenora Ontario 94 29 49 47 Irkutsk Russia 104 20e 52 30n Labrador Citv Labrador 66 52 52 56 Jakarta Indonesia 106 48 e 6 16s Montreal Quebec 73 39 45 32 Johannesburg South Africa 28 4e 26 12s Mt Logan Yukon 140 24 60 34 Kingston Jamaica 76 49w 17 59n Nakina Yukon 132 48 59 12 La Paz Bolivia 68 22w 16 27s Ottawa Ontario 75 45 45 18 Leeds England 1 30w 53 45n Peace River Alberta 117
33. 118 18 118 118 117 21 121 21 120 117 120 22 118 122 121 122 118 122 114 117 117 122 117 119 116 118 122 120 122 119 124 121 121 122 122 117 121 121 122 117 117 122 121 120 117 120 118 117 119 120 118 122 55 min 43 2 222 28 2 16 8 34 2 51 40 8 37 8 3 13 8 46 8 52 8 40 8 1 8 43 8 16 8 19 2 46 2 43 2 582 22 8 19 8 72 34 2 7 2 46 8 0 13 2 49 2 9 3 24 552 16 2 34 2 1 8 2 4 31 2 9 57 3 9 31 8 51 19 2 4 2 16 8 37 2 1 2 13 8 13 2 37 2 1 2 3 7 8 7 2 37 8 49 8 7 2 13 2 7 2 16 8 15 1 8 27 3 3 6 15 37 2 7 8 22 8 55 2 34 8 2 4 43 8 52 8 49 8 27 27 49 2 LATITUDE degrees 33 34 32 33 37 39 35 33 37 41 34 34 32 34 33 41 36 36 36 33 34 33 37 32 32 34 38 34 37 33 33 33 37 33 39 38 38 37 32 37 37 35 41 36 41 34 38 34 32 34 37 34 34 33 35 37 35 37 34 39 34 35 40 40 33 38 36 37 33 32 37 37 35 33 34 34 33 34 34 34 38 min 37 2 12 37 2 7 8 22 8 46 8 40 8 58 2 58 8 46 8 52 2 54 49 2 40 2 19 8 40 8 46 2 522 34 8 552 39 49 8 34 2 54 43 8 42 49 2 46 8 55 8 37 8 52 8 34 2 40 2 16 8 522 37 8 25 2 43 8 34 8 19 2 13 8 13 2 46 2 42 43 8 12 49 8 28 2 40 2 49 8 34 8 57 40 2 30 57 31 2 40 2 31 2 25 2 49 2 37 2 22 2 13 8 22 8 1 8 40 2 25 8 54 1 2 31 2 Shelter Cove Sisk
34. 2 7 8 28 8 3 39 40 2 48 40 8 28 2 3 6 27 6 1 8 34 2 33 33 52 8 31 2 0 6 31 2 31 8 46 2 52 2 52 2 16 2 22 8 40 8 40 8 45 31 2 10 8 25 2 LATITUDE degrees 40 41 37 35 40 33 33 38 39 33 39 34 35 36 39 40 37 39 39 39 38 37 40 39 37 39 39 38 39 40 40 39 40 38 38 38 39 39 38 38 39 38 37 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 39 39 38 29 29 28 28 30 30 29 29 30 30 27 26 26 26 29 25 30 30 24 28 27 30 30 min 1 8 46 8 19 8 37 8 37 8 48 16 2 19 2 42 13 2 12 19 2 31 2 10 2 27 13 2 54 43 2 49 2 18 45 39 34 2 40 8 34 2 27 34 8 7 2 25 8 33 7 2 15 10 8 16 8 31 8 31 8 15 10 2 22 2 19 8 43 8 13 2 18 55 8 7 8 40 2 57 43 8 4 8 28 2 13 2 46 8 37 2 10 8 28 8 36 34 8 4 2 39 40 8 28 8 25 8 13 8 33 51 50 4 24 Melbourne Mi ami Naples Nasa Shuttle Orlando Panama City Patrick AFB Pensacola Ruskin Saint Peters Sanford Sarasota Tallahassee Tampa Intl Ti usville Tyndall AFB Vero Beach Wi est Palm Beach WI hiting Fld GEORGIA Al Al Atl Atl Augusta Bush Br bany ma hens anta unswick Columbus Dobbins AFB Fort Benning Ft Stewart Hunter Aaf La Grange Macon Lewis Moody AFB Robins AFB Rome Russell Valdosta Wi aycross HAWAII Barbers Pt Barking San Fr Hi Frigate lo Ho
35. 2 Rickenbacker 82 Toledo 83 Willoughbv 81 Youngstown 80 Zanesville 81 min 4 8 10 2 5 4 34 2 16 2 3 6 2 4 4 8 22 2 58 8 43 8 1 2 5 4 25 8 43 8 37 2 2 4 0 6 28 2 15 51 48 58 8 0 6 57 2 4 7 2 28 2 40 2 1 2 55 8 7 2 22 8 1 2 37 8 43 2 33 33 55 8 52 8 3 3 10 8 52 8 55 8 57 22 8 49 2 37 2 37 8 3 40 8 3 25 8 1 2 46 8 52 8 23 4 55 2 13 8 45 5 4 4 8 4 8 10 8 40 8 16 8 49 8 37 8 13 8 25 8 40 2 40 8 52 8 1 2 40 2 31 2 55 8 2 4 40 2 54 LATITUDE degrees 35 32 34 36 33 35 32 42 40 42 42 42 42 40 44 43 43 40 42 42 44 41 40 41 43 44 42 44 43 44 42 43 43 44 40 41 35 35 35 34 36 35 36 35 35 36 35 35 34 35 35 35 35 34 35 35 35 35 34 36 46 48 46 46 47 46 46 48 47 48 39 40 39 41 40 39 41 40 39 41 41 41 39 min 37 2 37 8 42 25 2 13 8 10 8 37 8 45 45 13 2 55 8 58 2 10 2 43 8 21 13 8 46 8 28 8 55 8 46 2 30 40 8 52 2 39 7 2 22 8 51 7 2 51 4 2 25 8 16 2 13 2 54 7 8 16 2 7 8 4 8 45 54 49 2 19 2 1 8 55 2 42 10 2 52 2 51 14 4 16 2 7 8 46 2 7 2 46 8 57 55 2 16 2 45 10 8 12 6 55 2 31 2 54 49 2 49 2 37 8 16 2 57 LONGITUDE degrees OKLAHOMA Altus AFB 99 Ardmore 97 Bartlesville 96 Clinton 99 Enid 97 Fort Sill 98 Gage 99 Hobart 99 Lawton 98 Mcalester 95 Norman 97 Oklahoma 97 Page 94 Ponc
36. 2w 8 58n Berlin Germany 13 25e 52 30n Paramaribo Surinam 55 15w 5 45n Birmingham England 1 55w 52 25n Paris France 2 20e 48 48n Bombay India 72 48e 19 On Beijing China 116 25e 39 55n Bordeaux France 0 31w 44 50n Perth Australia 115 52e 31 57s Bremen Germany 8 49e 53 5n Plymouth England 4 5w 50 25n Brisbane Australia 153 8e 27 29s Rio de Janeiro Brazil 43 12w 22 57s Bristol England 2 35w 51 28n Rome Italy 12 27e 41 54n Brussels Belgium 4 22e 50 52n Salvador Brazil 38 27w 12 56s Bucharest Romania 26 7e 44 25n Santiago Chile 70 45w 33 28 s Budapest Hungary 19 5e 47 30n St Petersburg Russia 30 18e 59 56n Buenos Aires Argentina 58 22w 34 35s Sao Paulo Brazil 46 31w 23 31s Cairo Egypt 31 21e 30 2n Shanghai China 121 28e 31 10n Canton China 113 15e 23 7n Sofia Bulgaria 23 20e 42 40n Cape Town South Africa 18 22e 33 55s Stockholm Sweden 18 3e 59 17n Caracas Venezuela 67 2w 10 28n Sydney Australia 151 0e 34 0s Chihuahua Mexico 106 5w 28 37n Tananarive Madagascar 47 33e 18 50s Chongqing China 106 34e 29 46n Teheran Iran 51 45e 35 45n Copenhagen Denmark 12 34e 55 40n Tokyo Japan 139 45e 35 40n C rdoba Argentina 64 10w 31 28s Tripoli Libya 13 12e 32 57n Darwin Australia 130 51e 12 28s Venice Italy 12 20e 45 26n Dublin Ireland 6 15w 53 20n Veracruz Mexico 96 10w 19 10n Durban South Africa 30 53e 29 53s Vienna Austria 16 20e 48 14n Edinburgh Scotland 3 10w 55 55n Warsaw Poland 21 0e 52 14n Frankfurt Germany 8 41e 50 7n Wellington New Zeal
37. 5 Traverse Ctv 85 min 42 2 4 39 7 2 0 13 2 0 6 3 3 1 2 52 8 15 58 8 45 49 2 4 8 49 2 22 2 55 8 1 2 33 46 8 52 8 19 2 3 7 2 52 8 52 2 40 2 46 2 43 2 7 8 2 4 10 2 3 16 8 55 2 1 8 58 2 16 8 7 2 37 2 4 2 58 2 10 8 31 2 10 8 55 8 43 2 31 8 522 34 2 45 13 8 25 8 28 2 57 51 1 2 4 8 312 31 8 40 8 7 2 7 8 28 2 33 3 6 57 37 8 15 4 8 25 2 4 8 22 2 49 8 55 2 34 8 LATITUDE degrees 29 28 29 29 30 30 29 28 32 29 30 29 28 32 30 44 44 44 43 46 45 46 46 43 46 44 44 38 39 39 39 38 38 39 38 42 42 42 41 41 42 41 42 41 41 41 42 41 42 42 42 42 42 45 42 42 42 46 43 47 42 45 42 42 47 43 44 45 46 42 42 42 44 46 45 43 45 42 43 46 46 42 45 44 min 10 8 34 2 43 8 7 2 42 46 8 31 2 1 8 58 8 31 2 21 19 2 27 52 8 52 2 27 7 8 57 39 40 8 4 2 52 8 49 2 10 8 4 8 42 33 16 8 28 2 19 8 28 2 34 8 22 2 46 8 40 2 34 2 40 2 43 2 15 40 8 10 8 39 15 6 10 2 16 2 4 2 13 2 7 8 15 4 2 28 2 25 2 43 8 582 52 8 10 2 49 8 22 2 49 2 31 8 16 2 13 8 46 2 16 2 52 8 7 2 10 2 34 2 40 2 31 8 28 2 37 2 552 43 8 Wurtsmith Ypsilanti MINNESOTA Albert Lea Alexandria Bemidji Muni Brainerd Crw Detroit Laks Duluth Ely Fairmont Fergus Falls Grand Rapids Hibbing Intl Falls Litchfield Mankato Marshall Arpt Minneap
38. 5 8 16 2 27 25 8 10 8 52 2 19 2 10 8 0 6 LATITUDE degrees 44 42 43 45 47 46 46 46 47 43 46 47 47 48 45 44 44 44 46 46 43 44 45 48 47 48 43 33 33 33 33 30 31 32 30 31 31 32 32 31 34 34 38 37 37 38 37 39 40 37 35 36 38 40 37 40 38 38 37 38 45 45 45 45 48 45 46 48 47 47 46 48 46 47 48 47 45 47 46 46 44 47 44 min 27 13 8 40 8 52 2 30 49 2 49 8 54 39 13 2 22 8 34 2 7 8 13 2 27 49 8 36 55 2 55 8 33 4 2 34 8 55 8 39 27 28 8 30 24 28 2 19 2 25 2 40 2 10 8 33 19 8 37 2 23 4 16 2 49 2 13 8 45 36 10 2 19 2 19 8 39 6 46 2 51 15 13 8 16 8 45 13 2 43 8 48 46 8 40 2 36 15 40 2 13 2 28 8 25 8 36 19 8 18 42 30 25 8 552 34 2 43 2 39 LONGITUDE degrees NEBRASKA Ainsworth 99 Alliance 102 Beatrice 96 Broken Bow 99 Burwell 99 Chadron 103 Columbus 97 Cozad 100 Falls City 95 Grand Island 98 Hastings 98 Imperial 101 Kearney 99 Lincoln Muni 96 Mccook 100 Mullen 101 Norfolk 97 North Omaha 96 North Platte 100 O neil 98 Offutt AFB 95 Omaha 95 Ord Sharp 98 Scottsbluff 103 Sidney Muni 102 Valentine 100 NEVADA Austin 117 Battle Mtn 116 Caliente 114 Elko 115 Ely Yelland 114 Eureka 115 Fallon NAS 118 Hawthorne 118 Ind Sprng Rn 115 Las Vegas 115 Lovelock 118 Mercury 116 Nellis AFB 115 Owyhee 116 Reno 119 Tonopah 117 Wildhorse 116 Winnem
39. 95 Victoria 96 Wichita Flls 98 Wink 103 UTAH Blanding 109 Bullfrog Mar 110 Cedar Citv 113 Delta 112 Eagle Range 113 Green River 110 Hanksville 110 Hill AFB 111 Logan 111 Milford 113 Moab 109 Ogden 112 Price Carbon 110 Provo 111 Roosevelt 110 Saint George 113 Salt Lake Ct 111 Tooele 112 Vernal 109 Wendover 114 VERMONT Burlington 73 Montpelier 72 Newport 72 Rutland 73 St Johnsburv 72 Wilmington 72 VIRGINIA Charlottes 78 Chesapeake 76 Danville 79 Fort Belvoir 77 Fort Eustis 76 Hot Springs 79 Langlev AFB 76 Lvnchburg 79 Newport 76 News Norfolk NAS 76 Norfolk Rgnl 76 Oceana NAS 76 Quantico Mca 77 Richmond 77 Roanoke 79 Muni Staunton 78 Volens 78 Wallops Sta 75 WASHINGTON Bellingham 122 Bremerton 122 Burlington 122 Colville 118 Ephrata 119 Everet Paine 122 Fairchild 117 Fort Lewis 122 Hanford 119 Hoquiam 123 Mcchord AFB 122 Moses Lake 119 Oak Harbor 122 Olympia 122 Omak 119 Pasco 119 Port Angeles 123 Pullman 117 Quillayute 124 Renton 122 Seattle 122 Shelton 123 Spokane 117 Tacoma 122 Toledo 122 min 3 28 2 25 2 52 2 10 8 25 2 2 4 55 2 3 1 2 46 8 4 2 0 6 34 8 4 2 9 43 2 582 51 1 8 45 1 2 45 43 2 37 8 3 6 582 1 2 312 3 9 34 2 19 8 57 1 2 52 8 13 2 1 8 31 8 34 8 4 8 LATITUDE degrees 31 29 30 28 32 31 32 28 33 31 38 37 37 39 41 39 38 41 41 38 38 41 39 40 40 37 40 40 40 41 44 44 45 43 44 42 38 37 36 38 37 37
40. Ascension or R A for short Like the Earth s lines of longitude they run from pole to pole and are evenly spaced 15 degrees apart Although the longitude lines are separated by an angular distance they are also a measure of time Each line of longitude is one hour apart from the next Since the Earth rotates once every 24 hours there are 24 lines total As a result the R A coordinates are marked off in units of time It begins with an arbitrary point in the constellation of Pisces designated as 0 hours 0 minutes 0 seconds All other points are designated by how far 1 e how long they lag behind this coordinate after it passes overhead moving toward the west Figure 5 1 The celestial sphere seen from the outside showing R A and DEC 32 Motion of the Stars The dailv motion of the Sun across the skv is familiar to even the most casual observer This dailv trek is not the Sun moving as early astronomers thought but the result of the Earth s rotation The Earth s rotation also causes the stars to do the same scribing out a large circle as the Earth completes one rotation The size of the circular path a star follows depends on where it is in the sky Stars near the celestial equator form the largest circles rising in the east and setting in the west Moving toward the north celestial pole the point around which the stars in the northern hemisphere appear to rotate these circles become smaller Stars in the mid celestial latitudes rise in
41. Azm Alt b34AB0500 12CE0500 32 bit get Azm Alt BJ SARBOSOO 12CE0500 The last two characters will always be zero 4 4 Modular Phone Jack The cable required to interface to the telescope has an RS 232 male plug at one end and a 4 4 telephone jack at the other end The wiring is as follows DB9 Pin 2 DB9 Pin 3 PC Receive PC Transmit DB9 Pin 5 Ground 60 Additional RS232 Commands Send Anv Track Rate Through RS232 To The Hand Control 1 Multiply the desired tracking rate arcseconds second by 4 Example if the desired trackrate is 150 arcseconds second then TRACKRATE 600 2 Separate TRACKRATE into two bytes such that TRACKRATE TrackRateHigh 256 rackRateLow Example TrackRateHigh 2 TrackRateLow 88 3 To senda tracking rate send the following 8 bytes a Positive Azm tracking 80 3 16 6 TrackRateHigh TrackRateLow 0 0 b Negative Azm tracking 80 3 16 7 TrackRateHigh TrackRateLow 0 0 c Positive Alt tracking 80 3 17 6 TrackRateHigh TrackRateLow 0 0 d Negative Alt tracking 80 3 17 7 TrackRateHigh TrackRateLow 0 0 4 The number 35 is returned from the handcontrol Send A Slow Goto Command Through RS232 To The Hand Control note Only valid for motorcontrol version 4 1 or greater 1 Convert the angle position to a 24bit number Example if the desired position is 220 then POSITION 24BIT 220 360 2 10 252 743 2 Separate POSITION 24BIT into three bytes suc
42. Dividing 1000 by 20 yields a magnification of 50 power Although the power is variable each instrument under average skies has a limit to the highest useful magnification The general rule is that 60 power can be used for every inch of aperture For example the C8 N is 8 inches in diameter Multiplying 8 by 60 gives a maximum useful magnification of 480 power Although this is the maximum useful magnification most observing is done in the range of 20 to 35 power for every inch of aperture which is 160 to 280 times for the C8 N telescope Determining Field of View Determining the field of view is important if you want to get an idea of the angular size of the object you are observing To calculate the actual field of view divide the apparent field of the eyepiece supplied by the eyepiece manufacturer by the magnification In equation format the formula looks like this Apparent Field of Eyepiece True Field Magnification As you can see before determining the field of view you must calculate the magnification Using the example in the previous section we can determine the field of view using the same 20mm eyepiece The 20mm eyepiece has an apparent field of view of 50 Divide the 50 by the magnification which is 50 power This yields an actual field of 1 or a full degree To convert degrees to feet at 1 000 yards which is more useful for terrestrial observing simply multiply by 52 5 Continuing with our example multiply t
43. LESTRON PRODUCT ANY WARRANTIES WHICH ARE IMPLIED AND WHICH CANNOT BE DISCLAIMED SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A TERM OF TWO YEARS FROM THE DATE OF ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages or limitation on how long an implied warranty lasts so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state Celestron reserves the right to modify or discontinue without prior notice to you any model or style telescope If warranty problems arise or if you need assistance in using your telescope contact Celestron Customer Service Department 2835 Columbia Street Torrance CA 90503 U S A Tel 310 328 9560 Fax 310 212 5835 Monday Friday 8AM 4PM PST This warranty supersedes all other product warranties NOTE This warranty is valid to U S A and Canadian customers who have purchased this product from an Authorized Celestron Dealer in the U S A or Canada Warranty outside the U S A and Canada is valid only to customers who purchased from a Celestron Distributor or Authorized Celestron Dealer in the specific country and please contact them for any warranty service 70 8 CELESTRON Celestron 2835 Columbia Street Torrance CA 90503 U S A Tel 310 328 9560 Fax 310 212 5835 Web site at http www celestron com Copyright 2003 Celestr
44. NE MAP ccccscsssssssssssssccssssssssssssssssesssesssssssesssssessssessssssssssssasessesssssssessssssssssssasessessassssessesesssseeseseaseesessesssessssasecsenees 62 ICV MAPS TP EA 64 Q CELESTRON Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of the Celestron Advanced Series telescope AST The Advanced Series of telescopes come in standard non computerized and computerized GT models The Advanced Series is made of the highest quality materials to ensure stability and durability All this adds up to a telescope that gives you a lifetime of pleasure with a minimal amount of maintenance Furthermore your Celestron telescope is versatile it will grow as your interest grows The Advanced GT Series ushers in the next generation of computer automated telescopes The Celestron Advanced GT series continues in this proud tradition combining large aperture optics with the sophistication and ease of use of our computerized GoTo mount If you are new to astronomy you may wish to start off by using the built in Sky Tour feature which commands the telescopes to find the most interesting objects in the sky and automatically slews to each one Or if you are an experienced amateur you will appreciate the comprehensive database of over 40 000 objects including customized lists of all the best deep sky objects bright double stars and variable stars No matter at what level you are starting out the Advanced Series telescopes will unfold for you a
45. Procedures Startup Procedure cioe UNE SOR RUN TE ENERO ER a GEORGIO UND DXNOSENU ERN ERE IEEEGEHEERISPRE Auto Ali Bins zie ROIEBRUR IHRER HORDE on e Ed RU e SO REPE ED ieee Auto Three Star Align Quick Align Last Alignment Re Alignment Object Catalog Selecting an Object Slewing toan Objeeti oeste FIGURE ERE E iR EIE QUPD E REIR ERN HE 20 Emding Planetsztes tom item en UI CD ENARRARE UT D RIO RC ROI RC EO ASQUT NE 20 Tour Mode Constellation Touts xxi ati a e A 21 Direction BUttons 1213 21 soe re a a E b ONU DE tfa O RA 21 Rate Button Setup Procedures Tracking Mode TRACKING Rate A mt LE EPI PERDRE ORE RED A a da Date Time tt hoe ate eo ae A EEES e onte User Defined Objects Get RADE wie Goto RADE d a oed RA MR ERR HQ EON til mee ee Ed deese Identify luca G0 1 0 M ut E S e a a Ka a A SCOPE Setup Beat res ciiin da Ur Ho ETT EHE Sadi SATA Ba dada pad ed raa Fat SaaS 24 Setup Time Site Anti backlash Filter Limits Direction BUHOnDS xi access tai ee e RI d A nd imd mentem t m duties diete Ue am Goto APPTON N a A p AT eame net oL A aen ATA Autoguide Rates VAVAE EIC TM AI East West Filterihg iiec epo ame RITE ROBES DERE BER GR e ary YR HIER SUE e HERR n de 26 Utility Features Calibrate Goto Home Position Polat A PROPJA Light Contr
46. SET TO INDEX L ASTERISM TOUR ENTER TIME DLS ST VARIABLE STAR EQ NORTH Lr CES Sou Tie Zone EA ENTER DATE MM DD YY i OFF L ABELL ENTER LONG LAT RATE L IC CATALOG L CALDWELL l SIDEREAL AUTO ALIGN L MESSIER L SOLAR L NGC LUNAR CENTER STAR 1 I SAO VIEW TIME SITE L SOLAR SYSTEM SCOPE SETUP CENTER STAR 2 CONSTELLATION l SETUP TIME SITE CENTER STAR 3 l ANTI BACKLASH AUTO THREE STAR ALIGN l FILTER LIMITS l DIRECTION BUTTONS LL SELECT STAR 1 l GOTO APPROACH l AUTOGUIDE RATE eae l AZIMUTH LIMITS ee ee L EAST WEST FILTERING UTILITIES CENTER STAR 2 SELECT STAR 3 CALIBRATE GOTO HOME POSITION CENTER STAR 3 POLAR ALIGN LAST ALIGNMENT LIGHT CONTROL QUICK ALIGN FACTORY SETTING VERSION GET ALT AZ GOTO ALT AZ HIBERNATE TURN ON OFF GPS USER OBJECTS GOTO SKY OBJ SAVE SKY OBJ ENTER RA amp DEC SAVE LAND OBJ GOTO LAND OBJ GET RA DEC GOTO RA DEC IDENTIFY SELECT CATALOG PRECISE GOTO GOTO TYPE 28 Q CELESTRON Telescope Basics A telescope is an instrument that collects and focuses light The nature of the optical design determines how the light is focused Some telescopes known as refractors use lenses Other telescopes known as reflectors use mirrors A Newtonian reflector uses a single concave mirror as its primarv Light enters the tube traveling to the mirror at the back end There light is bent forward in the tube to a single point its focal
47. a Citv 97 Stillwater 97 Tinker AFB 97 Tulsa 95 Vance AFB 97 OREGON Astoria 123 Aurora 122 Baker 117 Brookings 124 Burns Arpt 118 Cape Blanco 124 Cascade 121 Corvallis 123 Eugene 123 Hillsboro 122 Klamath Fall 121 La Grande 118 Lake View 120 Meacham 118 Medford 122 Newport 124 North Bend 124 Ontario 117 Pendleton 118 Portland 122 Redmond 121 Roseburg 123 Salem 123 Sexton 123 The Dalles 121 Troutdale 122 PENNSYLVANIA Allentown 75 Altoona 78 Beaver Falls 80 Blairsville 79 Bradford 78 Dubois 78 Erie 80 Franklin 79 Harrisburg 76 Johnstown 78 Lancaster 76 Latrobe 79 Middletown 76 Muir 76 Nth Philadel 75 Philadelphia 75 Philipsburg 78 Pittsburgh 79 Reading 75 Site R 77 State Colleg 77 Wilkes Barre 75 Williamsport 76 Willow Grove 75 RHODE ISLAND Block Island 71 Nth Kingston 71 Providence 71 SOUTH CAROLINA Anderson 82 Beaufort 80 Charleston 80 Columbia 81 Florence 79 Greenville 82 Mcentire 80 min 16 2 1 2 0 1 2 4 8 24 46 2 3 25 2 46 8 28 2 3 6 37 2 0 6 54 22 8 5 4 55 2 52 8 45 49 2 28 2 57 52 8 16 8 13 2 57 43 8 21 52 2 15 1 2 51 3 6 22 2 22 2 2 4 25 8 19 2 19 8 5 4 37 8 5 4 10 8 52 2 51 49 8 1 8 2 4 46 2 34 2 1 2 7 8 55 8 58 2 25 8 49 8 43 8 55 2 34 8 25 2 25 8 43 2 43 2 7 2 43 2 21 48 LATITUDE degrees 34 34 36 35 36 34 36 35 34 34 35 35 34 36 36 35 36 36 46 45 44 42 43 43 45 44 44 45 42
48. above there are two R A shafts one on either side of the mount It makes no difference which shaft you use since both work the same Use whichever one you find more convenient If after a few observing sessions you find the R A slow motion knob is more accessible from the other side pull firmly to remove the knob then install it on the opposite side 5 The DEC slow motion knob attaches in the same manner as the R A knob The shaft that the DEC slow motion knob fits over is toward the top of the mount just below the telescope mounting platform Once again vou have two shafts to choose from Use the shaft that is pointing toward the ground This makes it easy to reach while looking through the telescope something which is quite important when you are observing Attaching the Telescope Tube to the Mount The telescope attaches to the mount via a dovetail slide bar mounting bracket which is mounted along the DA bottom of the telescope tube Before you attach the optical tube sers make sure that the declination and right ascension clutch Declination knobs are tight This will ensure that the mount does not move suddenly while attaching the telescope To mount the telescope tube In order for the GT computerized mount to function properly before installing the optical tube the mounting platform must be positioned so that the Declination Index Marks are aligned see Fig 2 8 1 Locate the mounting bracket from the box cont
49. aining the equatorial mount head Figure 2 8 2 Attach the mounting bracket to the tube rings so that the tapered narrow end is against the bottom of the tube rings 3 Loosen the hand knob on the side of the CG 5 mount Tube Rings 4 Slide the mounting bracket that is attached to the bottom of the tube rings into the recess on the top of the mounting platform see figure 2 9 5 Tighten the telescope mounting screw on the CG 5 mount to hold the telescope in place 6 Hand tighten the mounting platform safety screw until the tip touches the side of the Telescope Mounting mounting bracket Screw j NOTE Never loosen any of the knobs on the telescope tube or mount Also be sure that the open end of the telescope is pointing away from the ground at all times 10 Installing the Finderscope To install the finderscope onto the telescope vou must first mount the finderscope through the finder bracket and then attach it to the telescope Toward the front of the telescope tube near the focusing assembly there is a small bracket with a set screw in it This is where the finderscope bracket will be mounted To install the finderscope 1 Slide the rubber O ring over the eyepiece end of the finderscope and roll it 2 3 of the way up the finderscope 2 Insertthe eyepiece end of the finderscope through the Finderscope bracket until the O ring presses tightly between the finder and the inside of the bracket 3 Tig
50. al length which is printed on the Pe apter eyepiece barrel The longer the focal length 1 e the larger the number the lower the eyepiece power and the shorter the focal length i e the smaller the number the higher the magnification Generally you will use low to moderate power when viewing Your telescope can use eyepieces with both a 1 1 4 barrel diameter and 2 barrel diameter To use a 2 barrel eyepiece the 1 1 4 eyepiece adapter must first be removed and replaced with the included 2 eyepiece adapter To do this simply loosen the two chrome thumbscrews located around the focuser barrel see figure 2 12 and remove the 1 1 4 adapter Once removed a 2 eyepiece adapter can be inserted directly into the focuser barrel and secured with the Figure 2 12 two thumb screws Balancing the Tube in R A To eliminate undue stress on the mount the telescope should be properly balanced around the polar axis In addition proper balancing is crucial for accurate tracking if using an optional motor drive To balance the mount Release the R A Clamp figure 2 16 and position the telescope off to one side of the mount make sure that the mounting bracket screw is tight The counterweight bar will extend horizontally on the opposite side of the mount see figure 2 13 Release the telescope GRADUALLY to see which way the telescope rolls Loosen the set screw on the counterweight Move the counterweight to a point whe
51. allax effect between the telescope and finder Release the R A and DEC clamps and point the telescope at your target Center your target in the main optics of the telescope You may have to move the telescope slightly to center it Adjust the screw on the finder bracket that is on the right when looking through the finder until the crosshairs are centered horizontally on the target seen through the telescope Adjust the screw on the top of the finder bracket until the crosshairs are centered vertically on the target seen through the telescope Image orientation through the finder is inverted 1 e upside down and backwards left to right This is normal for any finder that is used straight through Because of this it may take a few minutes to familiarize yourself with the directional change each screw makes on the finder Calculating Magnification You can change the power of your telescope just by changing the eyepiece ocular To determine the magnification of your telescope simply divide the focal length of the telescope by the focal length of the eyepiece used In equation format the formula looks like this 30 Focal Length of Telescope mm Magnification Focal Length of Eyepiece mm Let s say for example you are using the 20mm eyepiece To determine the magnification you simply divide the focal length of your telescope the C8 N for example has a focal length of 1000mm by the focal length of the eyepiece 20mm
52. ally push the Adjustment front of the mount down as far as it will go Then tighten the Knobs rear adjustment screw to raise the mount to the desired latitude d ts Figure 2 15 13 For Advanced GT users it mav be helpful to remove the front latitude adjustment screw completelv This will allow the mount to reach lower latitudes without the screw coming into contact with the R A motor assembiv To remove the latitude screw first use the rear screw to raise the mount head all the wav up Then remove the front latitude screw completely Now you should be able to manually move the mount head all the way to its lowest latitude Now using only the rear screw raise the mount to your desired latitude Adjusting the Mount in Azimuth For rough adjustments in azimuth simply pick up the telescope and tripod and move it For fine adjustments in azimuth Turn the azimuth adjustment knobs located on either side of the azimuth housing see Fig 2 15 While standing behind the telescope the knobs are on the front of the mount Turning the right adjustment knob clockwise moves the mount toward the right Turning the left adjustment knob clockwise moves the mount to the left Both screws push off of the peg on the tripod head which means you may have to loosen one screw while tightening the other The screw that holds the equatorial mount to the tripod may have to be loosened slightly Keep in mind that adjusting the mount is done during
53. an be reduced military time i e 20 00 further by always centering Select PM or AM If military time was entered alignment stars using the up and the hand control will bypass this step right arrow buttons as described in Choose between Standard time or Daylight the Pointing Accuracy box below Savings time Use the Up and Down scroll buttons 10 to toggle between options Select the time zone that you are observing from Again use the Up and Down buttons 10 to scroll through the choices Refer to Time Zone map in Appendix for more information Date Enter the month day and year of your observing session Finallv vou must enter the longitude and latitude of the location of vour observing site Use the table in Appendix C to locate the closest longitude and latitude for vour current observing location and enter those numbers when asked in the hand control pressing ENTER after each entry Remember to select West for longitudes in North America and North for latitudes in the North Hemisphere For international cities the correct hemisphere is indicated in the Appendix listings 4 Select one of the four alignment methods as described below 17 Note If incorrect information is entered into the hand control the UNDO button acts like a back space button allowing the user to re enter the correct data Auto Align Auto Align allows the telescope to automaticallv choose three stars two on one side of the Meridian
54. and 174 47e 41 17s Georgetown Guyana 58 15w 6 45n Z rich Switzerland 8 31e 47 21n 59 Appendix D RS 232 Connection You can control your telescope with a computer via the RS 232 port on the computerized hand control and using an optional RS 232 cable 93920 Once connected the telescope can be controlled using popular astronomy software programs Communication Protocol The Advanced GT communicates at 9600 bits sec No parity and a stop bit All angles are communicated with 16 bit angle and communicated using ASCII hexadecimal Eho J Kx HU sell to check communication Goto Azm Alt B12AB 4000 10 characters sent B Command 12AB Azm comma 4000 Alt If command conflicts with slew limits there will be no action Goto Ra Dec R34AB 12CE Scope must be aligned If command conflicts with slew limits there will be no action emm Eh OP 12AB Azm comma 4000 Alt Get RA Dec E L 34AB 12CEH Scope must be aligned Cancel Goto Mo H E a a Is Goto in Progress Of or 1 O No 1 Yes 0 is ASCII character zero Is Alignment Complete Commands below available on version 1 6 or later HC version Two bytes representing V2 2 Stop Start Tracking Tx Alt Az tracking requires alignment x 0 Tracking off X 7 1 Alt Az on x 2 EQ N x 3 EQ x 32 bit get RA Dec 34AB0500 12CE0500 The last two characters will always be zero Commands below available on version 2 2 or later 32 bit goto
55. automatically filters and chooses its initial alignment stars so that the first two alignment stars are located on one side of the Meridian and the third star is on the opposite side of the Meridian East West Filtering allows you to turn off this automatic filtering feature allowing the hand control to display all of its alignment stars when doing a Auto Three Star Align without regard to the Meridian Utility Features Scrolling through the MENU 9 options will also provide access to several advanced utility functions within the Advanced Series telescopes such as Calibrate Goto Polar Alignment Hibernate as well as many others Calibrate Goto Goto Calibration is a useful tool when attaching heavy visual or photographic accessories to the telescope Goto Calibration calculates the amount of distance and time it takes for the mount to complete its final slow goto when slewing to an object Changing the UTILITIES balance of the telescope can prolong the time it takes to complete the final slew Goto Calibration takes into account any slight imbalances and changes the final goto distance to compensate CALIBRATE GOTO HOME POSTION Home Position The telescopes home position is a user definable position that is used to store the telescope when not in use The home position is useful when storing the telescope in a permanent observatory facility By default the Home position is the same as the index position used when aligning the mount To set
56. ay to indicate that the rate has been changed The hand control has a double button feature that allows you to instantly speed up the motors without having to choose a speed rate To use this feature simply press the arrow button that corresponds to the direction that you want to move the telescope While holding that button down press the opposite directional button This will increase the slew rate to the maximum slew rate The direction that a star moves in the eyepiece when a direction is pressed will change depending on which side of the Meridian the telescope tube is positioned In order to change the direction of the arrow buttons see Scope Setup Features later in this section 21 Ix sidereal 4x 6x 16x Nine available slew speeds Setup Procedures The Advanced GT contains many user defined setup functions designed to give the user control over the telescope s many advanced features All of the setup and utility features can be accessed by pressing the MENU key and scrolling through the options Tracking Mode This allows you to change the way the telescope tracks depending on the type of mount being used to support the telescope The telescope has three different tracking modes EQ North Used to track the sky when the telescope is polar aligned in the Northern Hemisphere EQ South Used to track the sky when the telescope is polar aligned in the Southern Hemisphere Off When using the telescope for terrestrial
57. azimuth slew limit on the side of the mount that is restricted by the cables Using the example above the user could slew the telescope 25 in R A azimuth until it reaches the point that the cables are extended to their maximum Then by displaying the telescopes azimuth in this position by looking at Get Alt Az under the Utilities menu you can determine the telescopes azimuth at its most extended position Enter this azimuth reading for either the maximum or minimum azimuth slew limit to ensure that the telescope will not slew beyond this point Warning In order for the telescope to be able to slew to a star from the direction that minimizes the amount of backlash in the gears it may be necessary for the telescope to slew beyond the specified slew limit in order to approach the star from the correct direction This can limit your ability to slew to an object by as much as 6 from the azimuth slew limit set in the hand control If this proves to be a problem the direction that the telescope takes to center an object can be changed To change the telescopes slewing direction see Goto Approach under the Scope Setup menu In order to guaranty that the telescope will have a full range of motion in R A azimuth set the azimuth slew limits to 354 and 186 This will allow the mount to slew without regard to the slew limits East West E W Filtering In order to ensure the best possible full sky pointing accuracy the Advanced series telescopes
58. ce the batteries are drained usually after a few minutes the shutter closes whether you were finished with the exposure or not Look for a camera that has a manual shutter when operating in the time exposure mode Olympus Nikon Minolta Pentax Canon and others have made such camera bodies The camera must have interchangeable lenses so you can attach it to the telescope and so you can use a variety of lenses for piggyback photography If you can t find a new camera you can purchase a used camera body that is not 100 percent functional The light meter for example does not have to be operational since you will be determining the exposure length manually You also need a cable release with a locking function to hold the shutter open while you do other things Mechanical and air release models are available Piggyback The easiest way to enter the realm of deep sky long exposure astrophotography is via the piggyback method Piggyback photography is done with a camera and its normal lens riding on top of the telescope Through piggyback photography you can capture entire constellations and record large scale nebulae that are too big for prime focus photography Because you are photographing with a low power lens and guiding with a high power telescope the margin for error is very large Small mistakes made while guiding the telescope will not show up on film To attach the camera to the telescope use the piggyback adapter screw located on the t
59. d land objects can be stored by saving their altitude and azimuth relative to the location of the telescope at the time of observing Since these objects are relative to the location of the telescope they are only valid for that exact location To save land objects once again center the desired object in the eyepiece Scroll down to the Save Land Obj command and press ENTER The display will ask you to enter a number between 1 200 to identify the object Press ENTER again to save this object to the database To replace the contents of any of the user defined objects simply save a new object using one of the existing identification numbers the telescope will replace the previous user defined object with the current one Get RA DEC Displays the right ascension and declination for the current position of the telescope Goto R A Dec Allows you to input a specific R A and declination and slew to it To store a set of coordinates R A Dec permanently into the database save it as a User Defined Object as described above Identify Identify Mode will search any of the telescope s database catalogs or lists and display the name and offset distances to the nearest matching objects This feature can serve two purposes First it can be used to identify an unknown object in the field of view of your eyepiece Additionally Identify Mode can be used to find other celestial objects that are close to the objects you are currently observing For exa
60. d towards the North Celestial Pole Light Control This feature allows you to turn off both the red key pad light and LCD display for daytime use to conserve power and to help preserve your night vision Factory Settings Returns the Advanced GT hand control to its original factory settings Parameters such as backlash compensation values initial date and time longitude latitude along with slew and filter limits will be reset However stored parameters such as user defined objects will remain saved even when Factory Settings is selected The hand control will ask you to press the 0 key before returning to the factory default setting Version Selecting this option will allow you to see the current version number of the hand control motor control and GPS software if using optional CN 16 GPS accessory The first set of numbers indicate the hand control software version For the motor control the hand control will display two sets of numbers the first numbers are for azimuth and the second set are for altitude On the second line of the LCD the GPS and serial bus versions are displayed Get Alt Az Displays the relative altitude and azimuth for the current position of the telescope Goto Alt Az Allows you to enter a specific altitude and azimuth position and slew to it Hibernate Hibernate allows the telescope to be completely powered down and still retain its alignment when turned back on This not only saves power but is ideal f
61. dCanyon Kingman Luke Page Payson Phoenix Prescott Safford Awrs Scottsdale Show Low Tucson Williams AFB Winslow Yuma Yuma Mcas Yuma Prv Gd ARKANSAS Blytheville Camden EI Dorado Fayetteville Ft Smith Harrison Hot Springs Jonesboro Little Rock Pine Bluff Springdale Texarkana Walnut Ridge CALIFORNIA Alameda Alturas Arcata Bakersfield Beale AFB Beaumont Bicycle Lk Big Bear Bishop Blue Canyon LONGITUDE degrees 85 85 86 87 85 85 86 86 86 88 88 86 87 86 86 87 149 156 147 135 151 134 131 152 165 135 154 135 146 110 112 109 111 111 110 113 112 112 113 112 111 111 112 112 109 111 110 110 111 110 115 114 114 89 92 92 94 94 93 93 90 92 91 94 94 90 122 120 124 119 121 116 116 116 118 120 min 51 26 4 45 15 27 43 2 54 46 2 22 2 15 4 2 24 37 2 59 4 1 2 37 2 51 46 8 522 25 8 34 8 4 2 25 8 21 1 2 31 8 21 52 8 4 8 3 6 43 8 40 2 21 10 2 22 8 57 22 8 27 19 8 1 2 25 8 40 8 55 2 55 8 40 2 43 8 37 2 2 4 57 2 4 4 8 10 2 22 2 0 6 39 22 8 55 8 7 8 55 8 19 2 31 8 0 6 27 37 2 40 8 4 2 LATITUDE degrees 33 32 33 32 31 31 33 34 32 30 30 32 34 32 31 33 61 71 64 59 59 58 55 57 64 57 56 59 61 32 33 31 33 35 31 33 33 35 35 33 36 34 33 34 32 33 34 32 33 35 33 32 32 35 33 33 36 35 36 34 35 35 34 36 33 36 37
62. e best for astronomical use where right side up does not matter 29 LESK302 20083 Wi 0 77 wnr Actual image orientation as seen Upside down image as viewed with the unaided eye though a Newtonian telescope Figure 4 2 Focusing To focus your telescope simply turn the focus knob located directly below the eyepiece holder Turning the knob clockwise allows you to focus on an object that is farther than the one you are currently observing Turning the knob counterclockwise from you allows you to focus on an object closer than the one you are currently observing If you wear corrective lenses specifically glasses you may want to remove them when observing with an eyepiece attached to the telescope However when using a camera you should always wear corrective lenses to ensure the sharpest possible focus If you have astigmatism corrective lenses must be worn at all times Aligning the Finderscope Accurate alignment of the finder makes it easy to find objects with the telescope especially celestial objects To make aligning the finder as easy as possible this procedure should be done in the daytime when it is easy to find and identify objects The finderscope has a spring loaded adjustment screw that puts pressure on the finderscope while the remaining screws are used to adjust the finder horizontally and vertically To align the finder Choose a target that 1s in excess of one mile away This eliminates any possible par
63. e deep sky objects in the Revised New General Catalog Caldwell A combination of the best NGC and IC objects Planets All 8 planets in our Solar System plus the Moon Stars A compiled list of the brightest stars from the SAO catalog List For quick access all of the best and most popular objects in the Advanced GT database have been broken down into lists based on their type and or common name Named Stars Common name listing of the brightest stars in the sky Named Objects Alphabetical listing of over 50 of the most popular deep sky objects Double Stars Numeric alphabetical listing of the most visually stunning double triple and quadruple stars in the sky Variable Stars Select list of the brightest variable stars with the shortest period of changing magnitude Asterisms A unique list of some of the most recognizable star patterns in the sky CCD Objects A custom list of many interesting galaxy pairs trios and clusters that are well suited for CCD imaging with the Advanced GT telescope IC Objects A complete list of all the Index Catalog deep sky objects Abell Objects A custom list of the Abell Catalog deep sky galaxies Constellation A complete list of all 88 constellations 5 Info Displays coordinates and useful information about objects selected from the Advanced GT database 6 Tour Activates the tour mode which seeks out all the best objects for the current date and time and automatically slews the
64. ed by the fact that the Earth is rotating on an axis that passes through the North and South celestial poles The star Polaris lies less than a degree from this point and is therefore referred to as the Pole Star Although Latin for new it denotes a star that suddenly becomes explosively bright at the end of its life cycle One of the groupings of stars that are concentrated along the plane of the Milky Way Most have an asymmetrical appearance and are loosely assembled They contain from a dozen to many hundreds of stars Parallax is the difference in the apparent position of an object against a background when viewed by an observer from two different locations These positions and the actual position of the object form a triangle from which the apex angle the parallax and the distance of the object can be determined if the length of the baseline between the observing positions is known and the angular direction of the object from each position at the ends of the baseline has been measured The traditional method in astronomy of determining the distance to a celestial object is to measure its parallax Refers to a group of eyepieces that all require the same distance from the focal plane of the telescope to be in focus This means when you focus one parfocal eyepiece all the other parfocal eyepieces in a particular line of eyepieces will be in focus The distance at which a star would show parallax of one second of arc It is equal to 3 26 ligh
65. eep Sky Objects SCENE CONLIN ONIANA ceo L TD tn A ee a S EUR BREUI ERR CUTE CUTE ROSE ACTAE AES TTANSPATEBEN IL C teers Sky Illumination NISI M b b BI G a a a A DS Ba LEGAT B unten et Sa A ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY OO 40 TNZ AV BYTO mista gera ANE E RE Ec o ni e et tata ar eta tie Short Exposure Prime Focus Photography Terrestrial Photography a c ke ta re EAR e ek GER VET IRE EE TID e e ene e ER luin iS Reducing Vibration Ato Guiding p R M TELESCOPE MAINTENANCE o ne nen ena 44 Care and Cleaning of the Optics i c net ere A A 44 iod licae ME i AI a a e ST e ERR 44 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES ne nsise 48 APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION S eese esee esee entente tatnen tata sata stata statis ensis tasa sss tn reno senses ensis EOE OESE ONES EO nE 51 APPENDIX B GLOSSARY OF TERMS neea EEEE eC ss C reno senses ens CELEO EESO OSEE ELES TE SEANN senses essen essa sata 52 APPENDIX C LONGITUDES AND LATITUDES eese eene tn tenens tn tnis sns tn statis tasa tts tn sine n ssa sns tn stats sesta senes ones enses en senses essen enses sia en 55 APPENDIX D RS 232 CONNECTION 60 APPENDIX E TIME ZO
66. efore low to moderate power is all you need to see them Visually they are too faint to reveal any of the color seen in long exposure photographs Instead they appear black and white And because of their low surface brightness they should be observed from a dark sky location Light pollution around large urban areas washes out most nebulae making them difficult if not impossible to observe Light Pollution Reduction filters help reduce the background sky brightness thus increasing contrast Seeing Conditions Viewing conditions affect what you can see through your telescope during an observing session Conditions include transparency sky illumination and seeing Understanding viewing conditions and the effect they have on observing will help you get the most out of your telescope Transparency Transparency is the clarity of the atmosphere which is affected by clouds moisture and other airborne particles Thick cumulus clouds are completely opaque while cirrus can be thin allowing the light from the brightest stars through Hazy skies absorb more light than clear skies making fainter objects harder to see and reducing contrast on brighter objects Aerosols ejected into the upper atmosphere from volcanic eruptions also affect transparency Ideal conditions are when the night sky is inky black Sky Illumination General sky brightening caused by the Moon aurorae natural airglow and light pollution greatly affect transparency While not
67. ensboro Paducah Pikeville LOUISIANA Alexandria Barksdale Baton Rouge Boothville Cameron Heli Claiborne R England AFB Eugene Is Fort Polk LONGITUDE degrees 87 87 90 89 88 88 90 88 89 91 89 88 89 89 89 89 89 86 86 86 87 85 87 86 86 85 86 87 86 91 91 93 90 94 94 93 93 92 96 95 92 95 97 97 99 101 96 94 96 100 101 99 99 97 94 100 96 97 98 94 98 97 95 95 97 86 87 85 83 85 84 85 87 88 82 92 93 91 89 93 92 92 91 93 56 min 49 2 51 39 6 0 40 8 16 8 312 51 6 40 8 1 2 0 6 57 6 51 40 2 40 2 19 8 10 2 3 37 2 0 31 8 1 2 25 2 9 16 2 22 8 19 2 1 8 55 8 7 2 4 2 39 4 2 45 10 8 55 8 19 8 27 22 8 9 24 28 8 13 2 39 582 52 8 552 46 2 43 2 4 2 16 2 49 8 522 52 8 582 40 2 16 2 34 8 54 49 2 39 37 2 40 2 25 8 25 8 582 19 2 4 2 40 2 10 2 46 2 31 2 1 8 40 2 40 2 57 33 46 8 1 2 LATITUDE degrees 42 41 40 37 41 39 41 38 40 39 42 38 38 39 41 39 38 39 39 41 38 41 41 40 39 40 41 39 40 40 41 41 42 43 42 40 43 41 42 43 42 37 37 39 37 37 38 39 39 37 39 38 39 38 38 37 39 37 37 38 38 38 39 38 37 36 36 37 37 38 37 38 37 37 37 31 32 30 29 29 31 31 28 31 min 4 8 4 2 312 22 2 28 8 27 19 2 40 2 55 8 37 8 33 51 444 31 8 59 4 22 8 7 8 43 2 37 2 39 43 8 13 8 42
68. ern horizon Alla latitude scale does then is to point the polar axis of the telescope at the right elevation above the northern or southern horizon To align your telescope Make sure the polar axis of the mount is pointing due north Use a landmark that you know faces north Level the tripod There is a bubble level built into the mount for this purpose NOTE Leveling the tripod is only necessary if using this method of polar alignment Perfect polar alignment is still possible using other methods described later in this manual without leveling the tripod Adjust the mount in altitude until the latitude indicator points to your latitude Moving the mount affects the angle the polar axis is pointing For specific information on adjusting the equatorial mount please see the section Adjusting the Mount This method can be done in daylight thus eliminating the need to fumble around in the dark Although this method does NOT put you directly on the pole it will limit the number of corrections you will make when tracking an object It will also be accurate enough for short exposure prime focus planetary photography a couple of seconds and short exposure piggyback astrophotography a couple of minutes Pointing at Polaris This method utilizes Polaris as a guidepost to the celestial pole Since Polaris is less than a degree from the celestial pole you can simply point the polar axis of your telescope at Polaris Although this is by no mean
69. ful NOTE Once a Quick Align has been done you can use the Re alignment feature see below to improve your telescopes pointing accuracy Last Alignment The Last Alignment method will automatically recall the last stored index positions to continue using the alignment that was saved when the telescope was last powered down This is a useful feature should your telescope accidentally lose power or be powered down NOTE Just like with Quick Align you can use the Re alignment feature see below to improve your telescopes pointing accuracy after using the Last Alignment method To maintain a more accurate alignment over a series of observing sessions use the Hibernate feature described later in this chapter Re Alignment The Advanced Series telescopes have a re alignment feature which allows you to replace any of the original alignment stars with a new star or celestial object This can be useful in several situations e If you are observing over a period of a few hours you may notice that your original two alignment stars have drifted towards the west considerably Remember that the stars are moving at a rate of 15 every hour Aligning on a new star that is in the eastern part of the sky will improve your pointing accuracy especially on objects in that part of the sky e If you have aligned your telescope using the Quick Align method you can use re align to align on actual objects in the sky This will improve the pointing accuracy of
70. g the optional Newtonian Collimation Tool 94183 offered by Celestron To collimate the telescope without the Collimation Tool read the following section on night time star collimation 44 If you have an eyepiece in the focuser remove it Rack the focuser tube in completely using the focusing knobs until its silver tube is no longer visible You will be looking through the focuser at a reflection of the secondary mirror projected from the primary mirror During this step ignore the silhouetted reflection from the primary mirror Insert the collimating cap into the focuser and look through it With the focus pulled in all the way you should be able to see the entire primary mirror reflected in the secondary mirror If the primary mirror is not centered in the secondary mirror adjust the secondary mirror screws by alternately tightening and loosening them until the periphery of the primary mirror is centered in your view DO NOT loosen or tighten the center screw in the secondary mirror support because it maintains proper mirror position Aligning the Primary Mirror Now adjust the primary mirror screws to re center the reflection of the small secondary mirror so it s silhouetted against the view of the primary As you look into the focuser silhouettes of the mirrors should look concentric Repeat steps one and two until you have achieved this Remove the collimating cap and look into the focuser where you should see the reflection of yo
71. h that POSITION 24BIT PosHigh 65536 PosMed 256 4 PosLow Exampe PosHigh 156 PosMed 113 PosLow 199 3 Send the following 8 bytes a Azm Slow Goto 80 4 16 23 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 b AltSlow Goto 80 4 17 23 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 4 The number 35 is returned from the handcontrol Reset The Position Of Azm Or Alt Convert the angle position to a 24bit number same as Slow Goto example 2 Sendthe following 8 bytes a Azm Set Position 80 4 16 4 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 b AltSet Position 80 4 17 4 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 3 The number 35 is returned from the handcontrol 4 Note If using Motorcontrol version less than 4 1 then send a Azm Set Position 80 3 16 4 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 b AltSetPosition 80 3 17 4 PosHigh PosMed PosLow 0 61 APPENDIX E MAPS OF TIME ZONES U S 9 i French Polynesia 4 COD Seale 1 85 000 000 et 0 Miller Cylindrical Projection O 500 1000 MAMO Z W W Roo 200 3 00 4 00 5 00 6 00 11 10 9 8 7 6 Hawaii Alaska Pacific Mountain Central Eastern Time Zones Y Time Zones WEST O EAST Time Universal Geeece ch Mean Tine OMT Sun 12 00 63 January February Sky Triangulum e Perseus Aries C rater E Hydra p Sirius z Canis Major 64 March April Sky Gass
72. he angular field 1 by 52 5 This produces a linear field width of 52 5 feet at a distance of one thousand yards The apparent field of each eyepiece that Celestron manufactures is found in the Celestron Accessory Catalog 93685 General Observing Hints When working with any optical instrument there are a few things to remember to ensure you get the best possible image 9 Never look through window glass Glass found in household windows is optically imperfect and as a result may vary in thickness from one part of a window to the next This inconsistency can and will affect the ability to focus your telescope In most cases you will not be able to achieve a truly sharp image while in some cases you may actually see a double image 9 Never look across or over objects that are producing heat waves This includes asphalt parking lots on hot summer days or building rooftops Hazy skies fog and mist can also make it difficult to focus when viewing terrestriallv The amount of detail seen under these conditions is greatly reduced Also when photographing under these conditions the processed film may come out a little grainier than normal with lower contrast and underexposed If you wear corrective lenses specifically glasses you may want to remove them when observing with an eyepiece attached to the telescope When using a camera however you should always wear corrective lenses to ensure the sharpest possible focus If you have astig
73. he settings for GoTo Approach By default using the up and right direction buttons to center alignment stars will automatically eliminate much of the backlash in the gears If you change the Goto approach of your telescope it is not necessary to change the Button Direction as well Simply take notice of the direction the telescope moves when completing it final goto approach If the telescope approaches its alignment star from the west negative azimuth and clockwise negative altitude then make sure that the buttons used to center the alignment stars also move the telescope in the same directions Autoguide Rate Allows the user to set an autoguide rate as a percentage of sidereal rate This is helpful when calibrating your telescope to a CCD autoguider for long exposure photography Azimuth Limits Sets the limits that the telescope can slew in azimuth R A The slew limits are set to 0 to 180 with zero being the position of the telescope when the Fig 3 3 Azimuth Slew Limits This counterweight bar is extended out towards the west and 180 Ku q l figure shows the full range of motion being the position when the counterweight bar is extended out Tir Mie RA EAn e toward the east see Fig 3 3 However the slew limits can be customized depending on your needs For example if you are using CCD imaging equipment that has cables that are not long enough to move with the telescope as it slews across the sky you can adjust the
74. he specific area at which the telescope is pointing Figure 2 13 Figure 2 14 Adjusting the Mount In order for a motor drive to track accurately the telescope s axis of rotation must be parallel to the Earth s axis of rotation a process known as polar alignment Polar alignment is achieved NOT by moving the telescope in R A or DEC but by adjusting the mount vertically which is called altitude and horizontally which is called azimuth This section simply covers the correct movement of the telescope during the polar alignment process The actual process of polar alignment that is making the telescope s axis of rotation parallel to the Earth s is described later in this manual in the section on Polar Alignment Adjusting the Mount in Altitude To increase the latitude of the polar axis tighten the rear latitude adjustment screw and loosen the front screw 1f necessary To decrease the latitude of the polar axis tighten the front under the counterweight bar latitude adjustment screw and loosen the rear screw if necessary The latitude adjustment on the CG 5 mount has a range from y nd i i EE o justmen approximately 30 going up to 60 ings Itis best to always make final adjustments in altitude by Front Latitude moving the mount against gravity i e using the rear latitude D Adjustment Screw adjustment screw to raise the mount To do this you should NC Azimuth loosen both latitude adjustment screws and manu
75. here An imaginary sphere surrounding the Earth concentric with the Earth s center The act of putting a telescope s optics into perfect alignment The angular distance of a celestial body north or south of the celestial equator It may be said to correspond to latitude on the surface of the Earth The projection of the Earth s orbit on to the celestial sphere It may also be defined as the apparent yearly path of the Sun against the stars A telescope mounting in which the instrument is set upon an axis which is parallel to the axis of the Earth the angle of the axis must be equal to the observer s latitude The distance between a lens or mirror and the point at which the image of an object at infinity is brought to focus The focal length divided by the aperture of the mirror or lens is termed the focal ratio 52 J Jovian Planets K Kuiper Belt L Light Year LY M Magnitude Meridian Messier N Nebula North Celestial Pole Nova O Open Cluster P Parallax Parfocal Parsec Point Source R Reflector Resolution Right Ascension RA e Schmidt Telescope Sidereal Rate Any of the four gas giant planets that are at a greater distance form the sun than the terrestrial planets A region beyond the orbit of Neptune extending to about 1000 AU which is a source of many short period comets A light year is the distance light traverses in a vacuum in one year at the speed of 299 792 km
76. hten the adjustment screws until they make contact with the finderscope body 4 Locate the mounting bracket near the front open end of the telescope Figure 2 10 5 Loosen the set screw on the mounting bracket on the telescope 6 Slide the finder bracket attached to the finderscope into the mounting bracket on the telescope 7 The finderscope bracket will slide in from the back The finderscope should be oriented so that the objective lens is toward the front open end of the telescope 8 Tighten the set screw on the mounting bracket to hold the finderscope in place For information on aligning your finderscope see Telescope Basics section of this manual Installing the Eyepieces The eyepiece or ocular as it 1s also called is an optical element that magnifies the image focused by the telescope Without the eyepiece it would be impossible to use the telescope visually The eyepiece fits directly into the eyepiece holder To attach an ocular Chrome Eyepiece Portion Holder ZA Loosen the set screw on the eyepiece holder so that it does not obstruct the inner diameter of the eyepiece holder Slide the chrome portion of the eyepiece into the eyepiece holder Tighten the set screw to hold the eyepiece in place To remove the eyepiece loosen the set screw on the eyepiece holder and slide Figure 2 11 the eyepiece out You can replace it with another ocular Eyepieces are commonly referred to by foc
77. iopela Navi l cts a i e bon 65 May June Sky L gt Corona MIA Acc 1S OP a T Serpens Ophiuchus US Libra 66 July August Sky 1 Auriga Perseus Polaris Navi Cassiopeia Andromeda x Bootes B Draco d e Arcturus Deneb f Corona a Vega Borealis s Cygnus serpens Hercules eN caput Lvra 3 Pisces iE Albireo Dephinus m d Aquarius Capricornus phiuchus i 67 September October Sky 68 November December Sky e Draco 69 CELESTRON TWO YEAR WARRANTY A Celestron warrants this telescope to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for two years Celestron will repair or replace such product or part thereof which upon inspection by Celestron is found to be defective in materials or workmanship As a condition to the obligation of Celestron to repair or replace such product the product must be returned to Celestron together with proof of purchase satisfactory to Celestron B The Proper Return Authorization Number must be obtained from Celestron in advance of return Call Celestron at 310 328 9560 to receive the number to be displayed on the outside of your shipping container All returns must be accompanied by a written statement setting forth the name address and daytime telephone number of the owner together with a brief description of any claimed
78. irror Obstruction 22 2 3 by Area 8 5 by Diameter 28 23 Optical tube length 37 inches 45 inches Telescope Weight 78 lbs 93 lbs Advanced GT Additional Specifications Hand Control Double line 16 character Liquid Crystal Display 19 fiber optic backlit LED buttons Motor Type DC Servo motors with encoders both axes Max Slew Speed 3 second Software Precision 24bit 0 08 arc sec calculation Hand Control Ports RS 232 communication port on hand control Motor Ports Aux Port Autoguide Ports Tracking Rates Sidereal Solar and Lunar Tracking Modes EQ North amp EQ South Alignment Procedures AutoAlign 3 Star Alignment Quick Align Last Align 40 000 objects 400 user defined programmable objects Database Enhanced information on over 200 objects Complete Revised NGC Catalog 7 840 Complete Messier Catalog 110 Complete IC Catalog 5 386 Complete Caldwell 109 Abell Galaxies 2 712 Solar System objects 9 Famous Asterisms 20 Selected CCD Imaging Objects 25 Selected SAO Stars 29 500 Total Object Database 45 492 51 Appendix B Glossary of Terms A Absolute magnitude Airy disk Alt Azimuth Mounting Altitude Aperture Apparent Magnitude Arcminute Arcsecond Asterism Asteroid Astrology Astronomical unit AU Aurora Azimuth B Binary Stars C Celestial Equator Celestial
79. ivou Stockton Superior Val Susanville Thermal Torrance Travis AFB Tahoe Tustin Mcas Ukiah Van Nuvs Vandenberg Visalia COLORADO Air Force A Akron Alamosa Aspen Brmfield Jef Buckley Colo Sprgs Cortez Craig Moffat Denver Durango Eagle Englewood Fort Carson Fraser Ft Col Lovel Ft Collins Grand Jct Greeley Wld Gunnison La Junta Lamar Leadville Limon Montrose Pueblo Rifle Salida Trinidad Winter Park CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Danbury Groton Hartford New Haven New London Windsor Loc DELAWARE Dover Wilmington D C WASH Washington FLORIDA Apalachicola Astor NAS Avon Park G Cape Canaveral Cecil Crestview Cross City Daytona Bch Duke Fld Eglin AFB Egmont Key Fort Myers Ft Lauderdale Ft Myers Gainesville Homestead Hurlburt Fld Jacksonville Key West Lakeland Macdill AFB Marianna Mayport NAS LONGITUDE degrees 124 22 21 117 20 116 118 121 120 17 123 18 120 119 105 103 105 106 105 104 104 108 107 104 107 106 104 104 105 105 105 108 104 106 103 102 106 103 107 104 107 106 104 105 73 73 72 72 72 72 72 75 75 77 85 81 81 80 81 86 83 81 86 86 82 81 80 81 82 80 86 81 81 81 82 85 81 min 4 2 28 2 15 0 6 57 10 2 19 8 55 8 7 8 49 8 1 2 28 8 57 2 4 21 13 2 52 2 52 2 7 2 45 43 2 37 8 31 8 52 2 45 55 2 49 8 46 2 3 1 2 48 31 8 37 8 55 8 31 2 3 6 1 8 4 2 52 8 31 2 48 3 19 8 52
80. l press the MENU button and select Direction Buttons from the Utilities menu Use the Up Down arrow keys 10 to select either the azimuth right ascension or altitude declination button direction and press ENTER Select either positive or negative for both axes and press ENTER to save Setting the azimuth button direction to positive will move the telescope in the same direction that the telescope tracks i e towards the west Setting the altitude buttons to positive will move the telescope counterclockwise along the DEC axis Goto Approach lets the user define the direction that the telescope will approach when slewing to an object This allows the user the ability to minimize the affects of backlash when slewing from object to object Just like with Direction Buttons setting GoTo Approach to positive will make the telescope approach an object from the same direction as tracking west for azimuth and counterclockwise in declination Declination Goto approach will only apply while the telescope tube is on one side of the Meridian Once the tube passes over to the other side of the Meridian the Goto approach will need to be reversed To change the Goto approach direction simply choose Goto Approach from the Scope Setup menu select either Altitude or Azimuth approach choose positive or negative and press ENTER Hint In order to minimize the affect of gear backlash on pointing accuracy the settings for Button Direction should ideally match t
81. l display the last entered date and time information stored in the hand control Once the telescope is powered on After an Auto Align is successfully Press ENTER begin the alignment process completed us ERE Senso wal 2 The hand control will ask the user to set the mount to its index cisely ine messega sla dg position Move the telescope mount either manually or with This automatic calibration routine is the hand control so that the index marked in both R A and necessary to calculate and Dec are aligned see Fig 2 8 Press Enter to continue compensates for cone error 3 The hand control will then display the last entered local time inherent in all German equatorial date time zone longitude and latitude momes Coe emor ces me inaccuracy that results from the e Use the Up Down keys 10 to view the current optical chs not being exactly parameters perpendicular to the mounts e Press ENTER to accept the current parameters declination axis as well as various e Press UNDO to enter current date and time other inaccuracies such as backlash information into the hand control The following in the mounts gears The telescope information will be displayed is able to automatically determine the cone error value by always using alignment stars on both sides of the Time Enter the current local time for your area You can Meridian see Figure 3 2 enter either the local time i e 08 00 or you can enter Mechanical errors c
82. land observation the tracking can be turned off so that the telescope never moves Tracking Rate In addition to being able to move the telescope with the hand control buttons your telescope will continually track a celestial object as it moves across the night sky The tracking rate can be changed depending on what type of object is being observed Sidereal This rate compensates for the rotation of the Earth by moving the telescope at the same rate as the rotation of the Earth but in the opposite direction When the telescope 1s polar aligned this can be accomplished by moving the telescope in right ascension only Lunar Used for tracking the moon when observing the lunar landscape Solar Used for tracking the Sun when solar observing with the proper filter View Time Site Displays the current time and longitude latitude downloaded from the optional CN 16 GPS receiver It will also display other relevant time site information like time zone daylight saving and local sidereal time Local sidereal time LST is useful for knowing the right ascension of celestial objects that are located on the Meridian at that time View Time Site will always display the last saved time and location entered while it is linking with the GPS Once current information has been received it will update the displayed information If GPS is switched off or not present the hand control will only display the last saved time and location User Defined Objects Yo
83. matism corrective lenses must be worn at all times 31 V CELESTRON Astronomv Basics Up to this point this manual covered the assembly and basic operation of your telescope However to understand your telescope more thoroughly you need to know a little about the night sky This section deals with observational astronomy in general and includes information on the night sky and polar alignment The Celestial Coordinate System To help find objects in the sky astronomers use a celestial coordinate system that is similar to our geographical coordinate system here on Earth The celestial coordinate system has poles lines of longitude and latitude and an equator For the most part these remain fixed against the background stars The celestial equator runs 360 degrees around the Earth and separates the northern celestial hemisphere from the southern Like the Earth s equator it bears a reading of zero degrees On Earth this would be latitude However in the sky this is referred to as declination or DEC for short Lines of declination are named for their angular distance above and below the celestial equator The lines are broken down into degrees minutes of arc and seconds of arc Declination readings south of the equator carry a minus sign in front of the coordinate and those north of the celestial equator are either blank i e no designation or preceded by a plus sign The celestial equivalent of longitude is called Right
84. mple if your telescope is pointed at the brightest star in the constellation Lyra choosing dentify and then searching the Named Star catalog will no doubt return the star Vega as the star you are observing However by selecting dentify and searching by the Named Object or Messier catalogs the hand control will let you know that the Ring Nebula M57 is approximately 6 from your current position Searching the Double Star catalog will reveal that Epsilon Lyrae is only 1 away from Vega To use the dentifv feature e Press the Menu button and select the Identify option e Use the Up Down scroll keys to select the catalog that you would like to search e Press ENTER to begin the search 23 Note Some of the databases contain thousands of objects and can therefore take several minutes to return the closest objects Precise GoTo The Advanced Series telescopes have a precise goto function that can assist in finding extremelv faint objects and centering objects closer to the center of the field of view for astrophotographv and CCD imaging Precise Goto automatically searches out the closest bright star to the desired object and asks the user to carefully center it in the eyepiece The hand control then calculates the small difference between its goto position and its centered position Using this offset the telescope will then slew to the desired object with enhanced accuracy To use Precise Goto SCOPE SETUP Press the MENU
85. n a telescope is with a latitude scale Unlike other methods that require vou to find the celestial pole by identifying certain stars near it this method works off of a known constant to determine how high the polar axis should be pointed The Advanced Series mount can be adjusted from 30 to 60 degrees see figure 5 3 The constant mentioned above is a relationship between your latitude and the angular distance the celestial pole is above the northern or southern horizon The angular distance from the northern horizon to the north celestial pole is always equal to your latitude To illustrate this imagine that you are standing on the north pole latitude 4909 The north Latitude celestial pole which has a declination of 4909 would Scale be directly overhead i e 90 above the horizon Now let s say that you move one degree south your latitude is now 89 and the celestial pole is no longer directly overhead It has moved one degree closer toward the northern horizon This means the pole is now 89 above the northern horizon If you move one degree further south the same thing happens again You would have to travel 70 miles north or south to change your latitude by one degree As you can see from this example the distance from the northern horizon to the celestial pole is always equal to your latitude Figure 5 3 If you are observing from Los Angeles which has a latitude of 34 then the celestial pole is 34 above the north
86. n relief located below the power switch Figure 2 16 2 Turn on the power to the telescope by flipping the switch located on the electronics panel to the On position 14 CELESTRON Hand Control The Advanced Series GT computerized version of each telescope has a hand controller designed to give you instant access to all the functions that your telescope has to offer With automatic slewing to over 40 000 objects and common sense menu descriptions even a beginner can master its variety of features in just a few observing sessions Below is a brief description of the individual components of the computerized hand controller 1 Liquid Crystal Display LCD Window Has a dual line 16 character display screen that is backlit for comfortable viewing of telescope information and scrolling text 2 Align Instructs the telescope to use a selected star or object as an alignment position 3 Direction Keys Allows complete control of the telescope in any direction Use the direction keys to move the telescope to the initial alignment stars or for centering objects in the eyepiece D gt I CELESTRON Figure 3 1 The Advanced GT Hand Control 15 4 Catalog Keys The Advanced Series has keys on the hand control to allow direct access to each of the catalogs in its database The hand control contains the following catalogs in its database Messier Complete list of all Messier objects NGC Complete list of all th
87. nd your friends all the wonders of the Universe Some of the many standard features of the Advanced GT include Fully enclosed optical encoders for position location e Ergonomically designed mount that disassembles into compact and portable pieces Database filter limits for creating custom object lists Storage for programmable user defined objects and Many other high performance features The AST s deluxe features combine with Celestron s legendary optical systems to give amateur astronomers the most sophisticated and easy to use telescopes available on the market today Take time to read through this manual before embarking on your journey through the Universe It may take a few observing sessions to become familiar with your telescope so you should keep this manual handy until you have fully mastered your telescope s operation The Advanced GT hand control has built in instructions to guide you through all the alignment procedures needed to have the telescope up and running in minutes Use this manual in conjunction with the on screen instructions provided by the hand control The manual gives detailed information regarding each step as well as needed reference material and helpful hints guaranteed to make your observing experience as simple and pleasurable as possible Your telescope is designed to give you years of fun and rewarding observations However there are a few things to consider before using your telescope that will ensure
88. nolulu Int Kahului Maui Kaneohe Mca Ki lauea Pt Lanai Lanai Lihue Kauai Maui Molokai Upolo Pt Ln Wi aimea Koha ID AHO Boise Burley Challis Coeur d Alene El k City Gooding Grangeville Idaho Falls Lewiston Malad City Malta Mccall Mullan Pocatello Salmon Soda Springs Sun Valley Twin Falls ILLINOIS Alton Aurora Bistate Park Bloomington Br adford Cairo Carbondale Centralia Champaign Chicago Danville DeKalb Decatur Du Page Galesburg LONGITUDE degrees 80 80 81 80 81 85 80 87 82 82 81 82 84 82 80 85 80 80 87 84 82 83 84 81 81 84 84 85 81 81 85 83 83 83 85 83 82 158 160 166 155 157 156 158 159 156 159 156 157 156 156 116 113 114 116 115 115 116 112 117 112 113 116 115 112 113 111 114 114 90 88 88 89 89 89 88 87 88 88 88 90 min 37 8 16 8 4 8 40 8 19 2 40 8 3 6 19 2 3 6 40 8 15 33 222 31 8 4 8 34 8 25 2 7 2 1 2 10 8 31 2 19 2 25 2 58 2 22 8 55 8 31 2 34 2 4 2 39 1 2 10 2 16 8 24 7 2 1 8 28 2 55 8 25 8 16 8 40 2 57 21 49 8 28 2 7 2 13 2 46 2 13 2 49 2 25 8 10 2 7 8 4 2 1 2 19 2 22 2 0 6 4 8 54 34 8 1 8 28 8 19 2 55 8 3 6 13 2 15 16 8 39 43 2 522 15 25 8 LATITUDE degrees 28 25 26 28 28 30 28 30 27 27 28 27 30 27 28 30 27 26 30 31 31 33 33 33 31 32 33 32 3
89. ol iei A iv a ta So At Sunt fais Factorv Settings MeTSIOD i ADR RON TE RE ER TU IU AURA TR TP UESTRE RENTRER DO D ONU AE Get ATA Goto Alt Az Hibernate Turn OMO GPS C A ladenstabdsuvesadezevae ies cevustiaysssuivenseaiedaassenazanass iazavgeandsevassdevesngetsees 27 UnUOnnr T 29 Image Orientation nere ene EQUI Quim emat dete d etel maa ER dem 29 Focusing Aligning the Finderscope Calculating Magnification Determining Field of View i sa reete eee a e REESE ABE DRAN DRAN RU EIUS IURE 31 General Observing Elints ca cen RU E RU a adnten adactus edi tee tee LIRE RSEN ERR NEN RE RS iH QU EUER 3l ASTRONOMY BASICS 32 The Celestial Coordinate System ucro coe sane an A A 32 Motion of the Stars 33 Finding the North Celestial Pole 539 Declination Drift Method of Polat Alignmient 4 eee tite te HRSG Fe SI A ES a e eie re tas e 36 CELESTIAL OBSERVING C M 37 Observing the MOOD eco eit ean tee end e teat uiam Lunar Observing Hints Observing the Planets Observing the SUn iue testi eue HEREIN EEUU sa RE REO RH ER u Solar Observing Hints 2 ie oy teneo OT D PERS BECA B a DRUG DES DREAM DIN OR EISE GERE PA vasa TR ERN ES Observing D
90. olis Park Rapids Pequot Lake Rochester Saint Paul St Cloud Thief River Tofte Warroad Worthington MISSISSIPPI Columbus AFB Golden Trian Greenville Greenwood Gulfport Hattiesburg Jackson Keesler AFB Laurel Mccomb Meridian NAS Meridian Key Natchez Oxford Tupelo MISSOURI Columbia Cape Girardeau Ft Leonard Jefferson City Joplin Kansas City Kirksville Monett Muskogee Poplar Bluff Richards Geb Spickard Springfield St Joseph St Louis Vichy Rolla West Plains Whiteman AFB MONTANA Billings Bozeman Broadus Butte Cut Bank Dillon Drummond Glasgow Glendive Great Falls Harlowton Havre Helena Jordan Kalispell Lewiston Livingston Malmstrom Miles City Missoula Monida Sidney W Yellowston LONGITUDE degrees 83 83 93 95 94 94 95 92 91 94 96 93 92 93 94 93 95 93 95 94 92 93 94 96 90 95 95 88 88 90 90 89 89 90 88 89 90 88 88 91 89 88 92 89 92 92 94 94 92 94 95 90 94 93 93 95 90 91 92 93 108 111 105 112 112 112 113 106 104 111 109 109 112 106 114 109 110 111 105 114 112 104 111 min 2 4 31 8 22 2 22 8 55 8 7 8 52 8 10 8 49 2 25 2 4 2 31 2 51 22 8 31 2 55 2 49 2 28 2 27 34 8 58 8 4 8 4 2 19 8 4 8 552 10 2 28 2 34 2 45 15 32 4 46 2 13 2 34 8 7 8 10 2 43 2 33 21 6 28 2 33 43 2 22 8 31 8 22 2 46 2 25 2 33 31 8 40 2 22 2 33 37 2 22 2 49 8 46 2 5
91. on All rights reserved Products or instructions may change without notice or obligation Item 31061 INST Printed in China 10 00 09 03
92. on names that are above the user defined horizon filter limits Once a constellation is selected you can choose from any of the database object catalogs to produce a list of all the available objects in that constellation e Tosee information and data about the displayed object press the INFO key e To slew to the object displayed press ENTER e Tosee the next tour object press the Up key Direction Buttons The hand control has four direction buttons 3 in the center of the hand control which control the telescope s motion in altitude up and down and azimuth left and right The telescope can be controlled at nine different speed rates Rate Button Pressing the RATE key 11 allows you to instantly change the speed rate of the motors from high speed slew rate to precise guiding rate or anywhere in between Each rate corresponds to a number on the hand controller key pad The number 9 is the fastest rate 3 per second depending on power source and is used for slewing between objects and locating alignment stars The number 1 on the hand control is the slowest rate 5x sidereal and can be used for accurate centering of objects in the eyepiece and photographic guiding To change the speed rate of the motors e Press the RATE key on the hand control The LCD will display the current speed rate e Press the number on the hand control that corresponds to the desired speed The number will appear in the upper right corner of the LCD displ
93. on with astronomy The distance between the Earth and the Sun It is equal to 149 597 900 km usually rounded off to 150 000 000 km The emission of light when charged particles from the solar wind slams into and excites atoms and molecules in a planet s upper atmosphere The angular distance of an object eastwards along the horizon measured from due north between the astronomical meridian the vertical line passing through the center of the sky and the north and south points on the horizon and the vertical line containing the celestial body whose position is to be measured Binary Double stars are pairs of stars that because of their mutual gravitational attraction orbit around a common Center of Mass If a group of three or more stars revolve around one another it is called a multiple system It is believed that approximately 50 percent of all stars belong to binary or multiple systems Systems with individual components that can be seen separately by a telescope are called visual binaries or visual multiples The nearest star to our solar system Alpha Centauri is actually our nearest example of a multiple star system it consists of three stars two very similar to our Sun and one dim small red star orbiting around one another The projection of the Earth s equator on to the celestial sphere It divides the sky into two equal hemispheres The imaginary projection of Earth s rotational axis north or south pole onto the celestial sp
94. only be necessary to adjust a screw enough to move the star s image from the center of the field of view to about halfway or less toward the field s edge when using a high power ocular Collimation adjustments are best made while viewing the star s position in the field of view and turning the adjustment screws simultaneously This way you can see exactly which way the movement occurs It may be helpful to have two people working Figure 8 2 together one viewing and instructing which screws to turn and by how much and the A collimated telescope other performing the adjustments should appear as a symmetrical ring pattern similar to the diffraction disk seen here 46 IMPORTANT After making the first or each adjustment it is necessary to re aim the telescope tube to re center the star again in the center of the field of view The star image can then be judged for symmetry by going just inside and outside of exact focus and noting the star s pattern Improvement should be seen if the proper adjustments are made Since three screws are present it may be necessary to move at least two of them to achieve the necessary mirror movement 47 Q CELESTRON Optional Accessories Xou will find that additional accessories enhance vour viewing pleasure and expand the usefulness of vour telescope For ease of reference all the accessories are listed in alphabetical order Adapter AC f18773 Allow DC battery powered telescopes to
95. op of the tube mounting ring It may be necessary to remove the finder scope bracket before attaching the camera As with any form of deep sky photography it should be done from a dark sky observing site Light pollution around major urban areas washes out the faint light of deep sky objects You can still practice from less ideal skies Polar align the telescope using one of the methods described earlier and start the motor drive Load your camera with slide film ISO 100 or faster or print film ISO 400 or faster Set the f ratio of your camera lens so that it is a half stop to one full stop down from completely open Set the shutter speed to the B setting and focus the lens to the infinity setting Locate the area of the sky that you want to photograph and move the telescope so that it points in that direction 40 Oy Find a suitable guide star in the telescope eyepiece field of view This is relatively easy since you can search a wide area without affecting the area covered by your camera lens If you do not have an illuminated cross hair eyepiece for guiding simply defocus your guide star until it fills most of the field of view This makes it easy to detect any drift Release the shutter using a cable release Monitor your guide star for the duration of the exposure making the neccessary corrections needed to keep the star centered Short Exposure Prime Focus Photography Short exposure prime focus photography is the best wa
96. ope has a designated auto guiding port for use with a CCD autoguider The diagram below mav be useful when connecting the CCD camera cable to the telescope and calibrating the autoguider Note that the four outputs are active low with internal pull ups and are capable of sinking 25 mA DC 129456 sek 2 Ground 3 RA Right 4 DEC Up 5 DEC Down 6 RA Left 43 0 CELESTRON Telescope Maintenance While vour telescope requires little maintenance there are a few things to remember that will ensure vour telescope performs at its best Care and Cleaning of the Optics Occasionallv dust and or moisture mav build up on the mirrors of vour telescope Special care should be taken when cleaning any instrument so as not to damage the optics If dust has built up on the mirror remove it with a brush made of camel s hair or a can of pressurized air Spray at an angle to the mirror for approximately two to four seconds Then use an optical cleaning solution and white tissue paper to remove any remaining debris Apply the solution to the tissue and then apply the tissue paper to the mirror Low pressure strokes should go from the center of the mirror to the outer portion Do NOT rub in circles You can use a commercially made lens cleaner or mix your own A good cleaning solution is isopropyl alcohol mixed with distilled water The solution should be 60 isopropyl alcohol and 40 distilled water Or liquid dish soap diluted
97. or those that have their telescopes permanently mounted or leave their telescope in one location for long periods of time To place your telescope in Hibernate mode 1 Select Hibernate from the Utility Menu 2 Move the telescope to a desire position and press ENTER 3 Power off the telescope Remember to never move your telescope manually while in Hibernate mode Once the telescope is powered on again the display will read Wake Up After pressing Enter you have the option of scrolling through the time site information to confirm the current setting Press ENTER to wake up the telescope Pressing UNDO at the Wake Up screen allows you to explore many of the features of the hand control without waking the telescope up from hibernate mode To wake up the telescope after UNDO has been pressed select Hibernate from the Utility menu and press ENTER Do not use the direction buttons to move the telescope while in hibernate mode Turn On Off GPS If using your Advanced GT telescope with the optional CN 16 GPS accessory see Optional Accessories section of the manual you will need to turn the GPS on the first time you use the accessory If you want to use the telescope s database to find the coordinates of a celestial object for a future or past dates you would need to turn the GPS off in order to manually enter a time other than the present 27 ADVANCED GT ALIGNMENT LIST TRACKING START UP PROCUDURE r NAMED STAR NAMED OBJECT L MODE
98. otions on the order of an z turn will make a difference with approximately a to 7 4 turn being the maximum required With Polaris or a bright star centered within the field of view focus with either the standard ocular or your highest power ocular i e the shortest focal length in mm such as a 6mm or 4mm Another option is to use a longer focal length ocular with a Barlow lens When a star is in focus it should look like a sharp pinpoint of light If when focusing on the star it is irregular in shape or appears to have a flare of light at its edge this means your mirrors aren t in alignment If you notice the appearance of a flare of light from the star that remains stable in location just as you go in and out of exact focus then re collimation will help sharpen the image Fig 8 1 Even though the star pattern appears the same on both sides of focus they are asymmetric The dark obstruction is skewed off to the left side of the diffraction pattern indicating poor collimation Take note of the direction the light appears to flare For example if it appears to flare toward the three o clock position in the field of view then you must move whichever screw or combination of collimation screws necessary to move the star s image toward the direction of the flaring In this example you would want to move the image of the star in your eyepiece by adjusting the collimation screws toward the three o clock position in the field of view It may
99. ow Red Light Green ND25 T fis 12 25 56 96ND 25 48 Series 3 94119 30 Light Red Blue Green ND50 T fis 23A 38A 58 96ND 50 Series 4 94119 40 Yellow Deep Yellow Violet Pale Blue fis 8 47 82A 96ND 13 Flashlight Night Vision 493588 Celestron s premium model for astronomy using two red LED s to preserve night vision better than red filters or other devices Brightness is adjustable Operates on a single 9 volt battery included CN16 GPS Accessory 93963 Plug in this 16 channel GPS module into your telescopes drive base port to link up and automatically download information from one of many global positioning satellites Controlled with the computerized hand control the CN 16 will greatly improve the accuracy of your star alignments CN16 GPS Bracket 93964 Support your CN 16 GPS accessory with this bracket and strap combination that securely wraps around any of the tripod legs and holds the GPS module in place Light Pollution Reduction LPR Filters 794126A These filters are designed to enhance your views of deep sky astronomical objects when viewed from urban areas LPR Filters selectively reduce the transmission of certain wavelengths of light specifically those produced by artificial lights This includes mercury and high and low pressure sodium vapor lights In addition they also block unwanted natural light sky glow caused by neutral oxygen emission in our atmosphere Micro Guide
100. pole Celestial Sphere Collimation D Declination DEC E Ecliptic Equatorial mount F Focal length The apparent magnitude that a star would have if it were observed from a standard distance of 10 parsecs or 32 6 light years The absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4 8 at a distance of 10 parsecs it would just be visible on Earth on a clear moonless night away from surface light The apparent size of a star s disk produced even by a perfect optical system Since the star can never be focused perfectly 84 per cent of the light will concentrate into a single disk and 16 per cent into a system of surrounding rings A telescope mounting using two independent rotation axis allowing movement of the instrument in Altitude and Azimuth In astronomy the altitude of a celestial object is its Angular Distance above or below the celestial horizon the diameter of a telescope s primary lens or mirror the larger the aperture the greater the telescope s light gathering power A measure of the relative brightness of a star or other celestial object as perceived by an observer on Earth A unit of angular size equal to 1 60 of a degree A unit of angular size equal to 1 3 600 of a degree or 1 60 of an arcminute A small unofficial grouping of stars in the night sky A small rocky body that orbits a star The pseudoscientific belief that the positions of stars and planets exert an influence on human affairs astrology has nothing in comm
101. r positive but use a lower value for negative The telescope will remember these values and use them each time it is turned on until they are changed Filter Limits When an alignment is complete the telescope automatically knows which celestial objects are above the horizon As a result when scrolling through the database lists or selecting the Tour function the hand control will display only those objects that are known to be above the horizon when you are observing You can customize the object database by selecting altitude limits that are appropriate for your location and situation For 24 example if vou are observing from a mountainous location where the horizon is partiallv obscured vou can set vour minimum altitude limit to read 420 This will make sure that the hand control only displays objects that are higher in altitude than 209 If you want to explore the entire object database set the maximum altitude limit to 90 and the minimum limit to Tip 90 This will display every object in the database lists regardless of whether it is visible in the sky from your location Direction Buttons The direction a star appears to move in the eyepiece changes depending on which side of the Meridian the telescope tube is on This can create confusion especially when guiding on a star when doing astrophotography To compensate for this the direction of the drive control keys can be changed To reverse the button logic of the hand contro
102. re it balances the telescope i e it remains stationary when the R A clamp is released Tighten the set screw to hold the counterweight s in place These are general balance instructions and will reduce undue stress on the mount When taking astrophotographs this balance process should be done for the specific area at which the telescope is pointing Balancing the Telescope in DEC The telescope should also be balanced on the declination axis to prevent any sudden motions when the DEC clamp figure 2 16 is released To balance the telescope in DEC Release the R A clamp and rotate the telescope so that it is on one side of the mount i e as described in the previous section on balancing the telescope in R A Lock the R A clamp to hold the telescope in place Release the DEC clamp and rotate the telescope until the tube is parallel to the ground see figure 2 14 Release the tube GRADUALLY to see which way it rotates around the declination axis DO NOT LET GO OF THE TELESCOPE TUBE COMPLETELY 12 Loosen the screws that hold the telescope tube inside the mounting rings and slide the telescope either forwards or backwards until it remains stationarv when the DEC clamp is released Tighten the tube ring screws firmly to hold the telescope in place Like the R A balance these are general balance instructions and will reduce undue stress on the mount When taking astrophotographs this balance process should be done for t
103. rectly affect image quality These drawings represent a point source i e star under bad seeing conditions left to excellent conditions right Most often seeing conditions produce images that lie some where between these two extremes 39 Q CELESTRON Astrophotographv After looking at the night skv for a while vou mav want to trv photographing it Several forms of photographv are possible with vour telescope including terrestrial and celestial photographv Both of these are discussed in moderate detail with enough information to get you started Topics include the accessories required and some simple techniques More information is available in some of the publications listed at the end of this manual In addition to the specific accessories required for each type of celestial photography there is the need for a camera but not just any camera The camera does not have to have many of the features offered on today s state of the art equipment For example you don t need auto focus capability or mirror lock up Here are the mandatory features a camera needs for celestial photography First a B setting which allows for time exposures This excludes point and shoot cameras and limits the selection to SLR cameras the most common type of 35mm camera on the market today Second the B or manual setting should NOT run off the battery Many new electronic cameras use the battery to keep the shutter open during time exposures On
104. ressing the Up and Down keys 10 allows you to scroll through Hint the catalog to the desired object When scrolling through a long list of objects holding down either the Up or Down key will allow you to scroll through the catalog more rapidly by only displaying every fifth catalog object Pressing any of the other catalog keys M CALD NGC or STAR will display a blinking cursor below the name of the catalog chosen Use the numeric key pad to enter the number of any object within these standardized catalogs For example to find the Orion Nebula press the M key and enter 042 Slewing to an Object Once the desired object is displayed on the hand control screen choose from the following options Press the INFO Key This will give you useful information about the selected object such as R A and declination magnitude size and text information for many of the most popular objects e Press the ENTER Key This will automatically slew the telescope to the coordinates of the object Caution Never slew the telescope when someone is looking into the eyepiece The telescope can move at fast slew speeds and may hit an observer in the eye Object information can be obtained without having to do a star alignment After the telescope is powered on pressing any of the catalog keys allows you to scroll through object lists or enter catalog numbers and view the information about the object as described above Finding Planets Your telescope can
105. ripod 14 R A Motor Drive Control Panel CONTROL PANEL 15 Declination Motor Drive A Hand Control Port B DEC Motor Port D 12v Output Jack C Autoguide Port E ON OFF Switch 0 CELESTRON Assemblv This section covers the assembly instructions for your Celestron Advanced Series Telescope AST Your AST telescope should be set up indoor the first time so that it is easy to identify the various parts and familiarize yourself with the correct assembly procedure before attempting it outdoor 31061 31062 11047 11048 C8 N C10 N Diameter 200mm 8 0 reflector 254mm 10 reflector Focal Length 1200mm F 4 7 Parabola Eyepiece 20mm 1 25 60x Finderscope 9x50 Mount CG 5 Equatorial Tripod 2 Stainless Steel Software The Sky L1 Counterweight 2 11lb 3 11Ib Setting up the Tripod The CG 5 tripod comes with an all metal center leg brace accessory tray to give rock solid support to the mount The tripod comes fully assembled with a metal plate called the tripod head that holds the legs together at the top In addition there is a central rod that extends down from the tripod head that attaches the equatorial mount to the tripod To set up the tripod Stand the tripod upright and pull the tripod legs apart until each leg 1s fully extended The tripod will now stand by itself Once the tripod is set up you can adjust the height at which it stands Loosen the lever on the leg clamp so that the tripod leg can be
106. s perfect alignment it does get you within one degree Unlike the previous method this must be done in the dark when Polaris is visible Set the telescope up so that the polar axis is pointing north Loosen the DEC clutch knob and move the telescope so that the tube is parallel to the polar axis When this is done the declination setting circle will read 4909 If the declination setting circle is not aligned move the telescope so that the tube is parallel to the polar axis Adjust the mount in altitude and or azimuth until Polaris is in the field of view ofthe finder Center Polaris in the field of the telescope using the fine adjustment controls on the mount 34 Remember while Polar aligning do NOT move the telescope in R A or DEC You do not want to move the telescope itself but the polar axis The telescope is used simply to see where the polar axis is pointing Like the previous method this gets you close to the pole but not directly on it The following methods help improve your accuracy for more serious observations and photography Finding the North Celestial Pole In each hemisphere there is a point in the sky around which all the other stars appear to rotate These points are called the celestial poles and are named for the hemisphere in which they reside For example in the northern hemisphere all stars move around the north celestial pole When the telescope s polar axis is pointed at the celestial pole it is parallel
107. scinating objects T Ring The T Ring couples your 35mm SLR camera body to the T Adapter radial guider or tele extender This accessory is mandatory if you want to do photography through the telescope Each camera make i e Minolta Nikon Pentax etc has its own unique mount and therefore its own T Ring Celestron has 8 different models for 35mm cameras A full description of all Celestron accessories can be found in the Celestron Accessory Catalog 793685 50 Appendix A Technical Specifications Advanced Series 31061 31062 11047 11048 C8 N C10 N Specifications Optical Design 200mm 8 0 reflector 254mm 10 reflector Focal Length 1000mm F 5 Parabola 1200mm F 4 7 Parabola Finderscope 9x50 9x50 Mount CG 5 Equatorial CG 5 Equatorial Eyepiece 20mm 1 25 50x 20mm 1 25 60x Accessory tray Yes Yes Tripod 2 Stainless Steel 2 Stainless Steel Technical Specs Highest Useful Magnification 480x 600x Lowest Useful Magnification 29x 36x Limiting Stellar Magnitude 14 14 5 Resolution Rayleigh 69 arc seconds 54 arc seconds Dawes Limit 58 arc seconds 46 arc seconds Photographic Resolution 400 line mm 425 line mm Light Gathering Power 843x unaided eye 1316x unaided eye Field of View standard eyepiece 1 830 Linear FOV 21000 yds 52 5 ft 43 8 ft Optical Coatings Standard Aluminum Coating Aluminum Coating Secondary M
108. southern hemisphere is referred to as the south celestial pole Little Dipper Cassiopela N C P Polaris kud North Star Figure 5 5 The two stars in the front of the bowl of the Big Dipper point to Polaris which is less than one degree from the true north celestial pole Cassiopeia the W shaped constellation is on the opposite side of the pole from the Big Dipper The North Celestial Pole N C P is marked by the sign 35 Polaris North Star Winter gt Summer oe Figure 5 4 The position of the Big Dipper changes throughout the year and the night Declination Drift Method of Polar Alignment This method of polar alignment allows vou to get the most accurate alignment on the celestial pole and is required if you want to do long exposure deep sky astrophotography through the telescope The declination drift method requires that you monitor the drift of selected stars The drift of each star tells you how far away the polar axis is pointing from the true celestial pole and in what direction Although declination drift is simple and straight forward it requires a great deal of time and patience to complete when first attempted The declination drift method should be done after any one of the previously mentioned methods has been completed To perform the declination drift method you need to choose two bright stars One should be near the eastern horizon and one due south near the meridian
109. t years 206 265 astronomical units or 30 8000 000 000 000 km Apart from the Sun no star lies within one parsec of us An object which cannot be resolved into an image because it to too far away or too small is considered a point source A planet is far away but it can be resolved as a disk Most stars cannot be resolved as disks they are too far away A telescope in which the light is collected by means of a mirror The minimum detectable angle an optical system can detect Because of diffraction there is a limit to the minimum angle resolution The larger the aperture the better the resolution The angular distance of a celestial object measured in hours minutes and seconds along the Celestial Equator eastward from the Vernal Equinox Rated the most important advance in optics in 200 years the Schmidt telescope combines the best features of the refractor and reflector for photographic purposes It was invented in 1930 by Bernhard Voldemar Schmidt 1879 1935 This is the angular speed at which the Earth is rotating Telescope tracking motors drive the 53 T Terminator U Universe V Variable Star W Waning Moon Waxing Moon Z Zenith Zodiac telescope at this rate The rate is 15 arc seconds per second or 15 degrees per hour The boundary line between the light and dark portion of the moon or a planet The totality of astronomical things events relations and energies capable of being described objectively
110. telescope to accurately point to objects in the sky it must first be aligned to three known positions stars in the sky With this information the telescope can create a model of the sky which it uses to locate any object with known coordinates There are many ways to align your telescope with the sky depending on what information the user is able to provide Auto Align allows the telescope to select three stars and uses the entered time location information to align the telescope Auto Three Star Align involves the same process as Auto Align however it allows the user to select which star to use to align the telescope Quick Align will ask you to input all the same information as you would for the Auto Align procedure However instead of slewing to the alignment stars for centering and alignment the telescope bypasses this step and simply models the sky based on the information given Finally Last Alignment restores your last saved star alignment and switch position Last Alignment also serves as a good safeguard in case the telescope should lose power Startup Procedure Before any of the described alignments are performed the telescope mount needs to be positioned so that the index marks are aligned on both the right ascension and declination axes see Fig 2 8 First index its switch position so that each axis has an equal amount of travel to move in either direction Once the index position has been set Mount Calibration the hand control wil
111. telescope to those objects 7 Enter Pressing Enter allows you to select any of the Advanced GT functions and accept entered parameters 8 Undo Undo will take you out of the current menu and display the previous level of the menu path Press Undo repeatedly to get back to a main menu or use it to erase data entered by mistake 9 Menu Displays the many setup and utilities functions such as tracking rates and user defined objects and many others 10 Scroll Keys Used to scroll up and down within any of the menu lists A double arrow will appear on the right side of the LCD when there are sub menus below the displayed menu Using these keys will scroll through those sub menus 11 Rate Instantly changes the rate of speed of the motors when the direction buttons are pressed 12 RS 232 Jack Allows you to interface with a computer and control the telescope remotely Hand Control Operation This section describes the basic hand control procedures needed to operate the GT Series Telescopes These procedures are grouped into three categories Alignment Setup and Utilities The alignment section deals with the initial telescope alignment as well as finding objects in the sky the setup section discusses changing parameters such as tracking mode and tracking rate finally the last section reviews all of the utilities functions such as calibrating your mount polar alignment and backlash compensation 16 Alignment Procedures In order for the
112. terweight in place Replace the counterweight safetv screw Attaching the Hand Control Holder Advanced GT Models Oniv Hand Control The Advanced GT telescope models come with a hand control Holder holder to place the computerized hand control The hand control holder comes in two pieces the leg clamp that snaps around the tripod leg and the holder which attaches to the leg clamp To attach the hand control holder 1 Place the leg clamp up against one of the tripod legs and press firmly until the clamp wraps around the leg 2 Slide the back of the hand control holder downward into the channel on the front of the legs clamp see Fig 2 6 ar x Leg Clam until it snaps into place s j Attaching the Slow Motion Knobs Figure 2 6 For Non GT Models Only The Advanced Series non GT models comes with two slow motion control knobs that allows you to Telescope make fine pointing adjustments to the telescope in a 2 Mounting both R A and Declination To install the knobs Flatform NY Declination Slow UM P Motion Knob Motion Knob Locate the hard plastic shell under the R A shafts Remove either of the two oval tabs by pulling tightly RA Shafi Line up the flat area on the inner portion of the R A slow motion knob with the flat area on the R A shaft see Fig 2 7 Slide the R A slow motion knob onto the R A shaft 9 Figure 2 7 The knob is a tension fit so sliding it on holds it in place As mentioned
113. that star 5 For the third alignment star the telescope will select a bright star on the opposite side of the Meridian and slew to 1t Once again center the star in the crosshairs of the finderscope and then center the star in the eyepiece pressing ENTER when complete When the telescope has been aligned on all three stars the display will read Alignment Successful and you are now ready to find your first object Auto Three Star Align Auto Three Star Alignment works much the same way as Auto Align however Pointing Accuracy instead of automatically slewing to the alignment stars the user is allowed to select the alignment stars from a list To use Auto Three Star Align POP eaa DEEPER IDE pointing accuracy always center the alignment stars 1 Select Auto Three Star Align from the alignment choices given using the up arrow button The hand control will display a recommended alignment star to and the right arrow button begin Approaching from this e Press UNDO to display the next recommended star on the same direction when looking side of the Meridian or through the eyepiece will e Press the UP and DOWN arrows keys to scroll through the eliminate much of the compete list of available alignment stars to choose from beads d Baimen ne 3 Once the desired alignment star is displayed on the hand control RES RE IS um we press ENTER to slew the telescope to the star possible 4 As with the Auto Align procedure you will be asked
114. the play between gears The amount of compensation needed depends on the slewing III rate selected the slower the slewing rate the longer it will take for the star to appear to ENCON move in the eyepiece There are two values for each axis positive and negative Positive FILTERING OFF is the amount of compensation applied when you press the button in order to get the gears moving quickly without a long pause Negative is the amount of compensation applied when you release the button winding the motors back in the other direction to resume tracking Normally both values should be the same You will need to experiment with different values from 0 99 a value between 20 and 50 is usually best for most visual observing whereas a higher value may be necessary for photographic guiding To set the anti backlash value scroll down to the anti backlash option and press ENTER While viewing an object in the eyepiece observe the responsiveness of each of the four arrow buttons Note which directions you see a pause in the star movement after the button has been pressed Working one axis at a time adjust the backlash settings high enough to cause immediate movement without resulting in a pronounced jump when pressing or releasing the button Now enter the same values for both positive and negative directions If you notice a jump when releasing the button but setting the values lower results in a pause when pressing the button go with the higher value fo
115. to center the star in the crosshairs of the finderscope and then center the star in the eyepiece pressing ENTER when complete 18 NOTE Although the telescope allows the user to select the alignment stars for best all sky pointing accuracy it is still necessary to select two alignment stars on one side of the Meridian and the third star on the opposite side of the Meridian For this reason the hand control will only display stars that are on the same side of the Meridian for the first two alignment stars then will only display stars on the opposite side of the Meridian for the third alignment star Quick Align Quick Align uses all the date and time information entered at startup to align the telescope However instead of slewing to the alignment stars for centering and alignment the telescope bypasses this step and simply models the sky based on the information given This will allow you to roughly slew to the coordinates of bright objects like the moon and planets and gives the telescope the information needed to track objects in any part of the sky depending on accuracy of polar alignment Quick Align is not meant to be used to accurately locate small or faint deep sky objects or to track objects accurately for photography To use Quick Align simply select Quick Align from the alignment options and press ENTER The telescope will automatically use the entered date time parameters to align itself with the sky and display Alignment Success
116. ucca 117 Yucca Flat 116 NEW HAMPSHIRE Berlin 71 Concord 71 Jaffrey 72 Keene 72 Laconia 71 Lebanon 72 Manchester 71 Mt Washingtn 71 Nashua 71 Pease AFB 70 Wolfeboro 71 NEW JERSEY Atlantic Ctly 74 Barnegat Ls 74 Fairfield 74 Lakehurst 74 Mcguire AFB 74 Millville 75 Morristown 74 Newark Intl 74 Teterboro 74 Trenton 74 NEW MEXICO Albuquerque 106 Cannon 103 Carlsbad 104 Clayton Arpt 103 Corona 105 Deming 107 Farmington 108 Gallup Clark 108 Grants 107 Hobbs 103 Holloman 106 AFB Las Cruces 106 Las Vegas 105 Los Alamos 106 Voriarity 106 Northrup Str 106 Raton 104 Roswell 104 57 min 58 8 4 8 45 39 9 4 8 21 0 34 8 19 2 25 8 23 4 0 45 34 8 3 25 8 1 2 40 8 40 8 552 5 4 57 3 6 58 8 33 7 8 52 2 31 2 46 8 51 58 2 4 2 37 8 34 2 10 2 55 2 1 2 1 8 10 2 46 8 4 8 15 4 8 4 8 10 8 16 2 25 8 1 8 25 8 1 8 31 2 49 2 22 8 34 2 16 8 16 8 21 3 6 25 2 10 2 49 2 3 6 19 2 16 2 40 8 13 8 46 8 54 12 46 2 16 8 24 31 8 LATITUDE degrees 42 42 40 41 41 42 41 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 41 41 41 42 41 41 41 41 41 42 39 40 37 40 39 39 39 38 36 36 40 36 36 42 39 38 41 40 37 44 43 42 42 43 43 42 44 42 43 44 39 40 40 40 40 39 40 40 40 40 35 34 32 36 34 32 36 35 35 32 32 32 35 35 34 32 36 33 min 34 8 19 2 25 8 46 8 49 8 27 522 4 2 58 2 19 8 43 8 13 2 58 8
117. ur eye in the secondary mirror Newtonian collimation views as seen through the focuser using the collimation cap Secondary mirror needs adjustment Primary mirror needs adjustment Secondary Mirror Primary 7 K Mirror Mirror Clip Both mirrors aligned with the collimating cap Both mirrors aligned with your eye looking in the focuser into the focuser 45 Night Time Star Collimating After successfully completing daytime collimation night time star collimation can be done by closely adjusting the primary mirror while the telescope tube is on its mount and pointing at a bright star The telescope should be set up at night and a star s image should be studied at medium to high power 30 60 power per inch of aperture If a non symmetrical focus pattern is present then it may be possible to correct this by re collimating only the primary mirror Procedure Please read this section completely before beginning To star collimate in the Northern Hemisphere point at a stationary star like the North Star Polaris It can be found in the north sky at a distance above the horizon equal to your latitude It s also the end star in the handle of the Little Dipper Polaris is not the brightest star in the sky and may even appear dim depending upon your sky conditions Prior to re collimating the primary mirror locate the collimation screws on the end of the telescope tube These three screws are to be adjusted one at a time Normally m
118. ur telescope can store up to 400 different user defined objects in its memory The objects can be daytime land objects or an interesting celestial object that you discover 22 GoTo Object Save Skv Object Enter R A Dec Save Land Object that is not included in the regular database There are several wavs to save an object to memorv depending on what tvpe of object it is To go to anv of the user defined objects stored in the database scroll down to either GoTo Skv ObjorGoto Land Obj and enter the number of the object vou wish to select and press ENTER The telescope will automaticallv retrieve and displav the coordinates before slewing to the object Your telescope stores celestial objects to its database by saving its right ascension and declination in the sky This way the same object can be found each time the telescope is aligned Once a desired object is centered in the eyepiece simply scroll to the Save Sky Obj command and press ENTER The display will ask you to enter a number between 1 200 to identify the object Press ENTER again to save this object to the database You can also store a specific set of coordinates for an object just by entering the R A and declination for that object Scroll to the Enter RA DEC command and press ENTER The display will then ask you to enter first the R A and then the declination of the desired object The telescope can also be used as a spotting scope on terrestrial objects Fixe
119. urning the focus knob until the image is sharp Set the shutter speed to the appropriate setting see table 7 1 Trip the shutter using a cable release Advance the film and repeat the process 41 Lunar Phase ISO 100 ISO 200 ISO 400 Crescent Quarter 1 15 1 30 1 60 1 125 1 30 1 60 1 125 1 250 Table 7 1 Above is a listing of recommended exposure times when photographing the Moon at the prime focus of your telescope The exposure times listed in table 7 1 should be used as a starting point Always make exposures that are longer and shorter than the recommended time Also take a few photos at each shutter speed This will ensure that you will get a good photo e Ifusing black and white film try a yellow filter to reduce the light intensity and to increase contrast e Keep accurate records of your exposures This information is useful if you want to repeat your results or if you want to submit some of your photos to various astronomy magazines for possible publication e This technique is also used for photographing the Sun with the proper solar filter Terrestrial Photography Your telescope makes an excellent telephoto lens for terrestrial land photography Terrestrial photography is best done will the telescope tracking drive turned off To turn the tracking drive off press the MENU 9 button on the hand control and scroll down to the Tracking Mode sub menu Use the Up and Down scroll keys 10 to select
120. with the 2 3mm In order to maintain razor sharp color corrected images across its 55 field of view extra low dispersion glass is used for the most highly curved optical elements The excellent refractive properties of these high grade optical elements make the X Cel line especially well suited for high magnification planetary viewing where sharp color free views are most appreciated X Cel eyepiece come in the following focal lengths 2 3mm 5mm 8mm 10mm 12 5mm 18mm 21mm 25mm Ultima Ultima is our 5 element wide field eyepiece design In the 1 1 4 barrel diameter they are available in the following focal lengths 5mm 7 5mm 10mm 12 5mm 18mm 30mm 35mm and 42mm These eyepieces are all parfocal The 35mm Ultima gives the widest possible field of view with a 1 1 4 diagonal Axiom As an extension of the Ultima line a new wide angle series is offered called the Axiom series All units are seven element designs and feature a 70 extra wide field of view except the 50mm All are fully multicoated and contain all the features of the Ultimas Filters Sets Eyepiece Celestron offers four convenient filter sets which contain four different filters per set Not only are these highly useful filter combinations but they also offer an economical way to add versatility to your filter collection Series 1 94119 10 Orange Light Blue ND13 T Polarizing s 21 80A 15 Polarizing Series 2 94119 20 Deep Yell
121. with water a couple of drops per one quart of water can be used To minimize the need to clean your telescope replace all lens covers once you have finished using it Since the telescope tube is NOT sealed the cover should be placed over the opening when not in use This will prevent contaminants from entering the optical tube Collimation The optical performance of most Newtonian reflecting telescopes can be optimized by re collimating aligning the telescope s optics as needed To collimate the telescope simply means to bring its optical elements into balance Poor collimation will result in optical aberrations and distortions Before collimating your telescope take time to familiarize yourself with all its components The primary mirror is the large mirror at the back end of the telescope tube This mirror is adjusted by loosening and tightening the three screws placed 120 degrees apart at the end of the telescope tube The secondary mirror the small elliptical mirror under the focuser in the front of the tube also has three adjustment screws To determine if your telescope needs collimation first point your telescope toward a bright wall or blue sky outside Never look directly at the sun with the naked eye or with a telescope unless you have the proper solar filter Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result Aligning the Secondary Mirror The following describes the procedure for daytime collimation of your telescope usin
122. y to begin recording celestial objects It is done with the camera attached to the telescope without an eyepiece or camera lens in place To attach your camera you need the T adapter and a T Ring for your specific camera i e Minolta Nikon Pentax etc The C8 N and C10 N focuser have a built in T adapter and are ready to accept a 35mm camera body The T Ring replaces the 35mm SLR camera s normal lens Prime focus photography allows you to capture the entire solar disk if using the proper filter as well as the entire lunar disk To attach your camera to your telescope Remove the eyepiece from the 1 1 4 eyepiece holder Unthread the 1 eyepiece holder from the focuser assembly This will expose the male thread of the built in T adapter Thread the T ring onto the exposed T adapter threads Mount your camera body onto the T Ring the same as you would any other lens With your camera attached to the telescope you are ready for prime focus photography Start with an easy object like the Moon Here s how to do it Load your camera with film that has a moderate to fast speed i e ISO rating Faster films are more desirable when the Moon is a crescent When the Moon is near full and at its brightest slower films are more desirable Here are some film recommendations e T Max 100 e T Max 400 Any 100 to 400 ISO color slide film Fuji Super HG 400 Center the Moon in the field of your telescope Focus the telescope by t
123. your hand Motors for both axes are included along with brackets clutches and hardware For non computerized Advanced Series Mounts Polarizing Filter Set 93608 The polarizing filter set limits the transmission of light to a specific plane thus increasing contrast between various objects This is used primarily for terrestrial lunar and planetary observing Polar Axis Finderscope 94220 This useful accessory speeds accurate polar alignment by providing a means of visually aligning your German equatorial mount with Polaris and true north As a result you can spend more time observing and less time setting up The finderscope has an easy to use cross hair reticle PowerTank 18774 12v 7Amp hour rechargeable power supply Comes with two 12v output cigarette outlets built in red flash light Halogen emergency spotlight Switchable 110v 220v AC adapter and cigarette lighter adapter included 49 RS 232 Cable 93920 Allows your Advanced Series telescope to be controlled using a laptop computer or PC Once connected the telescope can be controlled using popular astronomy software programs Sky Maps 93722 Celestron Sky Maps are the ideal teaching guide for learning the night sky You wouldn t set off on a road trip without a road map and you don t need to try to navigate the night sky without a map either Even if you already know your way around the major constellations these maps can help you locate all kinds of fa
124. your telescope without having to re enter addition information To replace an existing alignment star with a new alignment star Select the desired star or object from the database and slew to it Carefully center the object in the eyepiece Once centered press the UNDO button until you are at the main menu With Advanced GT displayed press the ALIGN key on the hand control The display will then ask you which alignment star you want to replace Use the UP and Down scroll keys to select the alignment star to be replaced It is usually best to replace the star closest to the new object This will space out your alignment stars across the sky 6 Press ALIGN to make the change um Mere 19 Object Catalog Selecting an Object Now that the telescope is properlv aligned vou can choose an object from anv of the catalogs in the telescope s extensive database The hand control has a kev 4 designated for each of the catalogs in its database There are two ways to select objects from the database scrolling through the named object lists and entering object numbers Pressing the LIST key on the hand control will access all objects in the database that have common names or types Each list 1s broken down into the following categories Named Stars Named Object Double Stars Variable Stars Asterisms and CCD Objects Selecting any one of these catalogs will display a numeric Helpful alphabetical listing of the objects under that list P
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